Network devices as firewall, routing, IPS, IDS... will be execute the calssification packets before decide what is action according to the those packets. The classification algorithms have found in the development with the target for rapid speed or the archive space memory. Output output algorithm are direction to obtain the maximum result in the specific specific about the data through the data or the quality of the package type. The proposed classification algorithms for IPv4 packets may no longer be effective when applied to IPv6 packets. Therefore, studying the classification algorithms for IPv6 packets will continue to be of interest. In this paper we rely on the Tree and Priority tree structure to propose the tree structure used to classification IPv6 packet to take advantage of the advantages of speed and storage space memory in the classification process.


ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of localising and detecting hydrate plugs inside submarine pipelines, in situ and contactless, using neutron-induced analytical techniques. Cold and fast neutron-beam instruments at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) were used to show that neutrons penetrate through the thick wall and the insulation of such pipes and even the induced gamma radiation can be detected outside to perform a non-destructive chemical analysis within the pipe. It was found that the change in the hydrogen concentration caused by a possible hydrate plug can be detected in seconds; while with a detailed analysis at a given spot lasting for a few hours, it is possible to unambiguously identify the hydrate phase inside the hydrocarbon phase.


This paper presents a fuzzy controller for improving Fault Ride-Through (FRT) capability of variable speed wind turbines (WTs). The controller is designed in order to compensate the voltage at the point of common coupling by controlling the active and reactive power generated by WTs. Simulations are carried out on a real 37-bus Italian weak distribution system. The results show that the proposed controller can improve the FRT capability in several real cases.


I female solid organ recipients, the characteristic malformations caused when pregnancy occurs during mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) therapy are termed "mycophenolate mofetil embryopathy" and consists of microtia (underdevelopment of the external ear), atresia of external auditory canal, cleft lip, and/or palate and congenital heart defects. These have been extensively documented in females exposed to MMF in the first trimester and caused a category D designation by the food and drug administration for MMF and pregnancy. Therefore, it is common practice in female recipients who wish to become pregnant to either withdraw MMF or to switch to azathioprine if this is deemed more appropriate for rejection prevention. Recently, the manufacturers of MMF (Cellcept; Roche, Basel) and mycophenolate sodium (Myfortic; Novartis, Basel) and the European Medicines Agency recommended additional measures to prevent use of mycophenolic acid in pregnancy. The warning states: "sexually active (including vasectomized) men taking mycophenolate are recommended to use condoms for sex during treatment and for 90 days thereafter; partners of childbearing potential are also recommended to use highly effective contraception for the same period."We believe that this recommendation is based on very


This article investigates as to how the Indian Drums are able to produce harmonics. In particular, it looks at the density distribution on an Indian Drum, the Tabla, and shows that it is the form of the density distribution that results in harmonics.


Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is extensively used in machining of conductive materials when precision is of prime importance. The present experimental study presented in this paper aims to select the most suitable cutting and offset parameters. The effect of the different input variables on EN31 material is investigated. EN31 is a high carbon Alloy steel that achieves a high degree of hardness with compressive strength and abrasion resistance. A series of experiments have been performed on EN31 using Brass wire and keeping one of the input variables Pulse on Time(TON), Pulse off Time(TOFF), Peak Current(IP), Servo Voltage(SV) and Wire Feed(WF) variable and rest of others constant. the effect of these parameters on Cutting speed, material removal rate, surface roughness, Wire wear and wire consumption were studied. the results show the significant effect on output variables with variable input.


California's community colleges face tremendous challenges, from diminishing fiscal resources to increasing student diversity. To meet these challenges, community colleges may have to transform how they think about themselves. Organizational restructuring in two-year colleges requires the adoption of a new paradigm about the nature of community colleges. The key assumption in the existing paradigm is that the purpose of community colleges is "to provide instruction." The proposed new paradigm is based on the declaration that "to produce learning" is the purpose of community colleges. Under the old paradigm, community colleges are judged not on the basis of their output, but on the basis of inputs. The focus on instruction, rather than on learning, has made educational innovation suspect. Once this key assumption of the old paradigm is recognized, it becomes easier to recognize and undo the corollary assumptions. Under the old paradigm, faculty were primarily teachers providing classroom-based instruction. Under the new paradigm, faculty become designers and managers of learning experiences and environments. The new paradigm calls on colleges to judge their success not on the quality of instruction but on the quality of learning, allowing for fulfillment of the student outcomes accountability movement. Under the old paradigm, productivity is defined as cost per hour of instruction per student, while under the new paradigm, it is defined as cost per unit of learning per student. A table lists and compares assumptions of the old and new paradigms in the seven categories of mission, purposes, criteria for success, structures, means to ends, nature of roles, and learning context. (Author/PAA) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRI are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** A New Paradigm for Community Colleges: A Strategic Planning Issue by Robert B. Barr, Palomar College, San Marcos, CA Based on a Presentation for the 1993 Annual Research Conference of the Research and Planning Group for California Community Colleges, March 3-5, 1993


Actively provide transdermal drug delivery system for transdermal delivery of one or more active agents of interest to the biological interface. Transdermal drug delivery system and a substrate and an active agent layer. Active agent layer comprises an effective amount of ionic active agent thickeners and treatment. .FIELD 5


When the momentum compaction factor is reduced to a small value in order to achieve a very short bunch length in electron or positron storage rings, fluctuations of path lengths due to the emission of photons become nonnegligible. This effect determines the achievable lower limit of the equilibrium bunch length. Analytical expressions for this limit are formulated using lattice parameters of a storage ring. Some numerical examples are presented.


Abstract : This document presents the final results of an analysis of the effectiveness of a U.S. interceptor long-range defense force to defend against the cruise missile threat in the 2005 time frame. Contract effort focused on two related issues: formulation of the problem to permit examination of advanced surveillance and communication technology potentially defining a 'cooperative engagement' concept, and a top-down approach to architecture modeling of the current and emerging generation air-to-air missiles. Preliminary results using unclassified data validate the approach.


OUTDOOR AND INDOOR CONCENTRATIONS Bisphenol A [2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane] (BPA) is an industrial chemical, a monomer of the polycarbonate plastics and a precursor for a variety of epoxide resins. The high quantities supplied by industries and in use have produced accumulation of BPA in different environmental compartments, and atmospheric BPA is ubiquitous (Fu P. et Kawamura K., 2010) BPA is a likely endocrine-disrupting compound (EDCs) (Matsushima et al., 2007; Matsumoto et al., 2005); The consideration of exposure to EDCs is critical in study of health effects, particularly in relation to indoor environments, which have been identified as an important source of chemical exposures. People spend a large fraction of their time indoor, and indoor sources of chemicals, coupled with limited ventilation and slow chemical degradation processes, cause increased pollutant concentrations indoor. European Aerosol Conference 2011, 5-9 Sep 2011, Manchester UK


To explore the disease pattern of pertussis and immune effect of pertussis vaccine in Luwan district during 1956 to 2000. All data of incidence of pertussis,vaccination and result of serological surveillance were used.The incidence of pertussis and sero-positive rate of post-vaccination of pertussis vaccine were analyzed. From 1956 to 2000,there were eight pertussis epidemics of different scales.The reported incidence reached 1133.00/100,000 in 1958.The extended program on immunization has been carried out since 1978,the incidence of pertussis decreased gradually to under 0.5/100,000 as DPTw inoculation rate exceeded 95%.Long-term surveillance of pertussis vaccine showed that level of anti-pertussal agglutitin antibody had a 40 times rise after children were immunized with DPTw,seroconversion rate and protection rate exceeded 95% and 70% respectively. [Conclusion] Increasing the protective rate and GMT of pertussis antibody is the key strategy for pertussis control and elimination, while there is a high coverage of vaccination in the population.


Garment style is closely related to silhouette shape and detail shape. This paper proposes image processing technology to separate the silhouette curve of the garment and obtain the image representing the drape pleating shadow. Firstly, 13 descriptors representing the shape characteristics and detail texture are acquired. After that, a three layer BP neural network is employed to recognition the garment style. Finally, the proposed method is verified in the skirt style classification and the experimental result shows the effective of the method.


In certain seismic processing operations, such as acoustic impedence estimation, it is desireable to compensate for the dispersion. J.C. Robinson has presented a convenient algorithm for dispersion removal, however, the algorithm requires either a priori knowledge of the sediment quality factor (Q value) or the ability to select the proper compensation if a series of Q values is used. In this paper, we show that for a symmetric pulse (or an arbitrary pulse which has been inverse filtered to a symmetric pulse), dispersion results in a distortion of the pulse symmetry. Furthermore, a correct dispersion compensation and appropriate Q value can be implied if the symmetry of the reflected pulses has been restored after Robinson's algorithm has been implemented.


This article presents a study of five teachers at a Finnish elementary school who implemented and evaluated growth mindset pedagogy (GMP). The teachers received GMP training and conducted student interventions in their classrooms. We analyzed the impact of GMP on the teacher's pedagogical thinking and practices and found significant differences between fixed-mindset and growth-mindset teachers in the ways they internalized and applied GMP principles. The most important value of GMP was seen in its impact on emotion regulation through the normalization of hardship in learning. We discuss the dangers of a superficial understanding of growth mindsets in education.


The authors' aim was to analyze the outcomes after flow diversion among nonsaccular unruptured lesions. Fifteen studies (213 aneurysms) were included in the analysis. The long-term adequate occlusion rate was 85.3%. Treatment-related complications were 17.4%. Overall, 15% were ischemic events. They conclude that unruptured nonsaccular aneurysms located in the posterior and distal anterior circulations can be effectively treated with a flow-diversion strategy. Nevertheless, treatment-related complications are not negligible, with about 15% ischemic events and 8% morbidity. Larger size (>10 mm) significantly increased the risk of procedure-related adverse events among nonsaccular lesions. BACKGROUND: Treatment management and outcomes of unruptured nonsaccular aneurysms are different compared with their saccular counterparts. PURPOSE: Our aim was to analyze the outcomes after flow diversion among nonsaccular unruptured lesions. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of 3 data bases (2005–2019) was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. STUDY SELECTION: We included studies reporting flow diversion for nonsaccular unruptured aneurysms of the posterior and distal anterior circulations. Anterior circulation lesions were included if located distal to the petrocavernous and supraclinoid ICA (MCA, A1, anterior communicating artery, A2). Giant dolichoectatic holobasilar lesions were excluded because of their poor treatment outcomes. DATA ANALYSIS: Aneurysm occlusion and complication rates were calculated (random effects meta-analysis). DATA SYNTHESIS: We included 15 studies (213 aneurysms). The long-term adequate occlusion rate was 85.3% (137/168; 95% CI, 78.2%–92.4%; I2 = 42.3%). Treatment-related complications were 17.4% (41/213; 95% CI, 12.45%–22.4%; I2 = 0%). Overall, 15% (37/213; 95% CI, 10%–20%; I2 = 0%) were ischemic events. Procedure-related morbidity was 8% (20/213; 95% CI, 5%–12%; I2 = 0%). Fusiform or dissecting types had comparable adequate occlusion (116/146 = 83%; 95% CI, 74%–92%; I2 = 48% versus 33/36 = 89%; 95% CI, 80%–98%; I2 = 0%; P = .31) and complication rates (35/162 = 17%; 95% CI, 10%–25%; I2 = 24% versus 11/51 = 19%; 95% CI, 10%–31%; I2 = 0%; P = .72). Aneurysm size (>10 versus ≤10 mm) was independently associated with a higher rate of complications (OR = 6.6; 95% CI, 1.3–15; P = .02). The rate of ischemic events after discontinuation of the antiplatelet therapy was 5% (5/93; 95% CI, 2%–9%; I2 = 0%). LIMITATIONS: Small and retrospective studies were available for this meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Unruptured nonsaccular aneurysms located in the posterior and distal anterior circulations can be effectively treated with flow diversion. Nevertheless, treatment-related complications are not negligible, with about 15% ischemic events and 8% morbidity. Larger size (>10 mm) significantly increases the risk of procedure-related adverse events.


NEW MEXICO GEOLOGY August 2001 the United States that placed him among a competitive group of compilers of such maps, including James Hall, Edward Hitchcock, and Henry Rogers, who worked in the decades immediately preceding the Civil War (Nelson, 1999). Indeed, as Goetzmann (1959, p. 311) noted, Marcou "published the first geologic map of the West, which made him a controversial figure in American scientific circles for most of his later career." Much of the controversy focused on Marcou's work in New Mexico, where he identified vast 2), and Kues (1985a, fig. 11; 1985b, fig. 7) reproduced parts of the map in black and white. DeFord (1972) also discussed some aspects of Marcou's map. Here, I re-publish Marcou's entire map in color at about half of its original size (Fig. 2). My text is in four parts—a brief overview of the context of Marcou's map, an explanation of the geologic units Marcou mapped, a summary of the map, and a brief evaluation of its strengths and weaknesses. Introduction


Due to developments in information markets and advancements in information technology, and with the rapidity of information flow on the Internet, it is vital to increase the level of information transparency. Disclosure methods of financial information have presently become an important topic of discussion. By using numerical tables, non-distorted graphs or distorted graphs of financial information, this research discusses whether financial information display types indeed influence investors' judgments and decisions. We investigate and analyze the use of graph disclosure in Taiwan and use experiment design methods to test the effect of investors' judgment by comparing different display types of financial information. Our results find graphs are used to display comparative than numerical financial information, showing how this can influence investors' awareness and judgments and use of graphs can be used to manipulate impressions (impression management).


Based on the division of river-delta reservoir sedimentary facies, we present a distinguishing method based on the fuzzy reasoning NN. This model can deal with the qualitative experience of experts in oil field sedimentary facies researching and the quantitative data reflect the changing of oil layer sedimentary facies. It ascertains the section-block sedimentary facies type according to the analysis data from the core wells and the result interpretation by experts. It establishes the standard mode base and distinguishes the sedimentary facies type of the under-recognition little layers. At the same time, it can settle satisfactorily the multiple solution problem in the recognition of the transitional characteristic sedimentary facies. Its coincidence rate gets to 84.1% through dealing with the practical data in 23 wells in Sabei developing area of Daqing oil field.


The human genome has a dynamic, well-organized hierarchical 3D architecture, including megabase-sized topologically associating domains (TAD). TADs are a key structure of the genome regulating nuclear processes, such as gene expression, DNA replication and damage repair. However, owing to a lack of proper computational tools, TADs have still not been systematically and reliably surveyed in single cells. In the present work, we developed a new algorithm to decode TAD boundaries that keep chromatin interaction insulated (deTOKI) from ultra-sparse Hi-C data. By nonnegative matrix factorization, this novel algorithm seeks out for regions that insulate the genome into blocks with minimal chance of clustering. We found that deTOKI outperformed competing tools and that it reliably identified TADs with single-cell Hi-C (scHi-C) data. By applying deTOKI, we found that domain structures are prevalent in single cells. Further, although domain structures are highly dynamic between cells, TADs adhere to the ensemble, suggesting tight regulation of single-cell TADs. Finally, we found that the insulation properties of TAD boundaries have major effect on the epigenetic landscape in individual cells. In sum, deTOKI serves as a powerful tool for profiling TADs in single cells.


The world economy is confronted with an increasing supply risk of 'critical' strategically important metals such as gallium (Ga). These are defined as materials with high supply risk and above average economic importance compared to other raw materials. In the search for alternative sources, bauxite residue may offer potential. Bauxite residue or red mud is a major by-product of the aluminium industry, with an annual global production of 150 million tonnes and a total inventory of more than 2.7 billion tonnes. Depending on the source, bauxite residue can contain considerable amounts of valuable elements including Ga and its extraction may be economically feasible. This research, therefore, discusses the possibility of recovering Ga from bauxite residue. An extensive inventory of economically interesting elements in bauxite residue was created using microwave-assisted aqua regia digestion with subsequent inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. Furthermore, the extraction of Ga from bauxite residue by selective acid leaching was explored. A number of mineral acids (HCl, HNO3, H2SO4) were investigated for the extraction process in addition to a low molecular weight organic acid (H2C2O4). Consequently, an experimental design approach was used to determine optimal conditions for Ga extraction.


Velocity skin effect (VSE) is a kind of current clustering phenomenon, which occurs at the sliding contact interfaces between the high-speed armature and the stationary rails of electromagnetic railgun launchers. Serious current clustering may lead to local conductor melting, deforming, and discharge erosion, which are disadvantageous to the launching performance, but the physical principle of VSE has not been extracted and summarized so far. The typical current clustering phenomena in static conductors are classified, and the physical principle of VSE is analyzed for rail and armature respectively in this paper. The physical principle in rails is just Skin Effect because of the short risetime of the accepted pulse current, and the physical principle in armature is Clustering Near Small Source (CNSS) and Clustering Along Short Path (CASP) of steady current owing to the continuity characteristic or the voltage drop. An equivalent steady 3-dimension model has been proposed and adopted, and the quantitative distributions of current for U-shaped and cuboid armatures are simulated contrastively by Maxwell 14.0. The simulation results reveal that the current in the interface trends to cluster along the rear perimeter, and the U-shaped armature is superior to the cuboid armature. The physical principle of VSE has importance for restraining VSE.


AbstractNuclear organizer Region (NORs) are parts of the nucleoli involved in the synthesis of ribosomes. Silverstainable proteins of the nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), which are increased in neoplastic cells, can be localized in tissues embedded in resins. The method was adapted to bone, which needs to be processed undecalcified for histomorphometric purposes. Sections of undecalcified biopsies embedded in methacrylic resins were extensively demineralized in EDTA. They were stained for AgNORs and conterstained with metanil yellow. Sections were flattened with polyvinyl alcohol (a hydrophilic glue), which makes them suitable for light microscopy. The same method was applied for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by embedding undecalcified blocks in an hydrophilic resin (LR-White). Ultrathin sections of bone mounted on gold grids could be stained for AgNORs after EDTA demineralization. The interest of hydrophilic resins as embedding media was evidenced for AgNORs staining. (The J Histotechnol 19...


During the Fall of 1989, the Computing Systems Department at the University of Scranton started to implement a program which created a tier structure for the Work Study students employed by the department. Prior to this time, all students were given the title of Student Assistant and received the same pay regardless of their skills or seniority. Under the new system our workers would be eligible for a promotion, a raise and a new title after they had met criteria which had been established.


EHealth Insider reports of Cisco and Intel reports and the more or less bright future of the Internet of Things:


Square base compressor vanes are a simple time-tested design and are in use in hundreds of large industrial gas turbines throughout the world. The square base of the vane fits inside a carrier slot machined into the compressor casing. Over time, the motion of the vane base, during operation and due to start-stop cycles, results in wear of both the vane base and the compressor casing. The classic solution to this wear problem is vane replacement and extensive repair of the casing either by welding or remachining and adding a patch ring. The square base compressor vane design is described, along with exemplary evidence of the wear problem. An alternative to the expensive repair is presented. The alternative approach addresses the root cause of the wear, i.e., the sliding motion at the vane base–casing interface. The vane contact is modeled with and without the solution to show, analytically, the benefit of the alternative approach. Successful field experience is also presented and discussed.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


The analysis of some ideological and political aspects that go through the historical educational discourse lets us understand the complex web of interests and reasons that do up and undo the system resulting in that complex game called the pedagogic practice. This article is based on the idea that, in those historical moments when the socio-economic aspects do not appear as a finished or monolithic structure but are established as topics of argument and confronted discourses –between the leading politics and the popular alternatives- college and high school education act as "fuses" of the political system. In this way, they frame educational alternatives that can diverge or modify popular ideas to suit predetermined governmental policies.


We present a new backstepping result for control affine time-varying systems with input delays. The novelty of our work is in the bounds on the controls, and the facts that (i) one does not need to compute any Lie derivatives to apply our controls and (ii) the controls have no distributed terms.


YbAl3 is an intermediate valent compound with a large Kondo temperature T-K and moderately low conduction electron density. Because of this, YbAl3 is a prime candidate for the observation of effects caused by low conduction electron density, where coherence sets in below T-coh rather than T-K (T-coh much less than T-K). For the first time, we have directly observed the cross over between the energy scales by the application of a magnetic field above B* approximate to 40 T (approximate to k(B)T(coh)/mu(B)). We also observe a reduction in the effective masses above B* that is consistent with the energy scale crossover.


In contrast to the traditional viewpoint of psychopathology, which compulsivity [a repetitive ritualistic behavior which persists albeit its inappropriateness to the given situation and often result in undesirable consequences] and impulsivity [which encompasses actions that are insufficiently conceived, prematurely expressed, excessively risky or inappropriate to the situation, and that often lead to undesirable outcomes] were positioned at opposite ends of a behavioral characteris-tics, recent neuroimaging studies raise the possibility of compulsivity and impulsivity being orthogonal factors that each contribute in varying degrees to various psychiatric conditions, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this presentation, I firstly will discuss two differential facets of compulsivity-impulsivity using the clinical (compulsion sub-score of Y-BOCS) and neurocognitive (stop signal task) measures and examined their neural underpinning as reflected in the small-world network of structural (DTI) and resting state functional con-nectivity network in OCD subjects. Later on, this presentation will also discuss the relationship between OCD and substance-related and addictive disorders (as defined in the DSM-5) from the spectrum-wise perspective of compulsivity and impulsivity, also using the frame of structural and functional connectome, to widen our understanding for clinical and neurocognitive dimen-sions of compulsivity-impulsivity phenomena. Abstract Impulsivity and compulsivity have been considered opposite poles of a continuous spectrum, but their relationship appears to be more complex. Disorders characterized by impulsivity often have features of compulsivity and vice versa. The over-laps of the constructs of compulsivity and impulsivity, as well as their differences, suggest different pharmacological targets may be warranted. This presentation will discuss novel pharmacological Abstract Patients with Schizophrenia respond differently to antipsychotic drug treatment. The underlying mechanism for these individuals' differences remains unknown. However, there is growing evidence indicating that genetic background contrib-utes substantially to efficacy of antipsychotic drug. In order to test the genetic mechanism of treatment response of antipsychotic drugs, we performed exome sequencing in a group of patients with very good response and matched patients with-out response. And reduction rates of PANSS and sub-scales were used to evaluate treatment responses. We found that a number of genes ( ZNF804A , PIWIL4 , TG and KALRN ) involved in treatment response of antipsychotic drug. Pathway analysis showed that pathways involved in glutamate, including the pathways involved in CNS and abnormal neurotransmitter level, and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α -Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) mediated synaptic pathways, were detected to implicate in treatment response of antipsychotic drugs. Especially, the treatment response for neg-ative symptoms was more significantly associated with these two pathways. and However, 20–50% of show or


Short-term incubations of rat anterior pituitary glands in Krebs-improved Ringer I (KR) media with varied concentrations of K+ showed that [K+] of 60 mm or more increased LH and FSH release from the glands, while with a [K+] of 30 mm the stimulatory effect was minimal. The effect of high [K+] on hormonal release was reversible, and there appeared to be an additive effect between high [K+] and releasing factors. The action of high [K+] on LH and FSH release was completely abolished in Ca++-free media, while the effect of releasing factors was only partially inhibited. EDTA-Na in Ca++-free media completely inhibited the effect of releasing factors. EDTA had some inhibitory effect on the action of LRF by a mechanism other than by immobilization of Ca++. High concentrations of Mg++ also inhibited the action of both high [K+] media and releasing factors, while Mg++-free media enhanced their action very slightly, which supports the important role of Ca++ in the secretory mechanism. Na-free Locke's solution caus...


List of Tables and Figures. About the Authors. Acknowledgements. Preface. Chapter 1 Emergency powers for child protection. Chapter 2 The development of emergency powers. Chapter 3 The police, child protection and police protection. Chapter 4 Working together? The police, social services and police protection. Chapter 5 Children, families and applications for Emergency Protection Orders. Chapter 6 Local authority decisions to seek emergency protection. Chapter 7 The court process in emergency protection cases. Chapter 8 The EPO and afterwards. Chapter 9 Emergency intervention - reassessment and reform. Appendix Details of research methods. Case List. Bibliography. Index.


As mobile technologies continue to evolve, libraries seek sustainable ways to keep up with these changes and to best serve our users. Previous library mobile usability research has examined tasks users predict they might be likely to perform, but little is known about what users actually do on a mobile-optimized library site. This research used a combination of survey method and web analytics to examine what tasks users actually carry out on a library mobile site. The results indicate that users perform an array of passive and active tasks and do not want content choices to be limited on mobile devices. Responsive design is described as a long-term solution for addressing both designers' and users' needs.


The authors describe the development of a new form of connectionist model or neural network which, although having a unimodal error surface, will optimize its structure adaptively. The network is derived from the Volterra connectionist model. The adaptive noninformative extension nonlinearities removal method is used. The method requires only a slight computational expenditure in order to perform the self-structuring operation and may be operated with a bias to network contraction or reduction of error. Also, it does not require exact redundancies in order to operate. In addition, the inherent null-space nonlinearities removal method demonstrates a much more fundamental basis for removal of redundancy. This approach provides a deeper understanding of the problem and may in its current form be used as a block method with training set data.<<ETX>>


The nonpropagating surface modes (surface states) of electromagnetic waves on the interface of 1-D ferrite based magnetophotonic crystal (MPC) adjacent to various opaque media have been studied theoretically and experimentally in the millimetre waveband. These states are direct analogue of non-travelling Tamm surface states in condensed matter physics and correspond to localization of electromagnetic field near the interface. Opaque media are represented with the system of wires (ldquowire mediumrdquo) or another photonic and magnetophotonic crystal in stop-band. The Tamm peak was identified experimentally and its position in the frequency gap of MPC was calculated.


Chicago's skyline is one of the most impressive in the United States - skyscrapers and residential towers make a glittering backdrop to parkland and museum complexes reaching to the shores of Lake Michigan. Although it seems as if there could not be room for one more structure, a new condominium complexwill soon be part of Chicago's skyline.


The Dominican educational system has conventionally adopted fragmented and decontextualized workshops delivered by external entities as its in-service teacher education model. Although teachers are required to participate in those traditional modules annually, international reviews of the Dominican educational system show that traditional teacher professional development (TPD) workshops have not improved teaching and learning in the Dominican context [35], [48]. Moreover, research more broadly indicates that traditional TPD is an ineffective vehicle to promote teachers' learning and professional improvement [45][50]. However, a growing body of TPD research directly links teacher professional growth and continual learning to collaborative activities that occur in the classroom and school context [44], [51]. This paper examines how the Dominican Ministry of Education (MINERD) frames TPD, and how this conception reinforces teachers' professional status quo. It argues that MINERD should restructure the current TPD model to incorporate the teacher Community of Learning framework. This approach promotes teachers' continual learning by encouraging the performance of professional activities responsive to everyday, culturally situated classroom and school realities.


The growth of online electronic commerce in general, and of marketplaces in particular, is attributed not only to their ease of use but also to the fact that they provide reputation and feedback systems that help marketplace platforms create trust. The objective of this article is to introduce the reader to the simple economics behind the role of feedback systems, and offer a broad overview of how reputation and feedback systems support e-commerce in online marketplaces. Problems of bias in feedback systems and other possible shortcomings are presented, along with ways to augment their effectiveness and directions for future research and development.


Three-wk old seedlings of tobacco variety Bell-W3 and Bell-B were grown in growth chambers under sunlight and subjected to 3 levels of ambient CO2 concentrations:
300-315 (low), 350-400 (medium) and 600-700 (high) umol mol-1.Weekly measurements of rates of photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, diffusive resistance and chlorophyll content were taken for 5 wks after which plants were harvested for dry matter yield estimations. Photosynthetic and respiratory rates showed a trend for a quadratic increase with increasing CO2 levels. Variety Bell-W3 had a 27% greater rate of photosynthesis and 12% greater chlorophyll content than variety Bell-B. Variety Bell-W3 also showed a 50% increase in total yield at the high CO2 compared to the medium and low CO2 treatments. No differences in yield was obtained for variety Bell-B. The differences in response between the two varieties may be associated with their inherent photosynthetic capacity.


In this paper, a parametric study of conventional Uniplanar Compact Photonic Band Gap (UC-PBG) structures, with different dimensions, is investigated. The studied structure operates as an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) in which the performance is mainly characterized by the resonant frequency and bandwidth. Simulation and numerical analysis have been carried out using CST Microwave Studio software, which is based on Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), and Ansoft HFSS which is based on Finite Element Method (FEM). Results show that different dimensions affect the AMC\'s performance. The increase in the length and width of the UC-PBG slot will result in lower resonant frequencies and bandwidth degradation, while the frequency band position and the bandwidth will increase when the branch width have been increased. Furthermore, a prototype of a microstrip line proximity-fed to a fractal patch antenna on a UC-PBG substrate is designed and simulated. Computed results show that the antenna mounted on the UC-PBG substrate has over 9.2% wider impedance bandwidth than the same antenna etched on a grounded dielectric slab with same the same characteristics, due to in-phase reflection phase of UC-PBG structure. Compared with the reference antenna at 7.2 GHz, the back lobe is reduced by 7.86 dB in E plane and 7.68 dB in H plane. Cross-polarization level remains below -10 dB in both E and H planes.


A capillary-driven particle level templating technique was utilized to disperse graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) within a polystyrene matrix to form multi-functional composites that possess tailored electro-mechanical properties. Utilizing capillary interactions, highly segregated composites were formed via a melt processing procedure. Since the graphene particles only resided at the boundary between the polymer matrix particles, the composites possess tremendous electrical conductivity but poor mechanical strength. To improve the mechanical properties of the composite, the graphene networks in the specimen were deformed by shear. An experimental investigation was conducted to understand the effect of graphene content as well as shearing on the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the composites. The experimental results show that both the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites can be altered using this very simple technique and therefore easily be intelligently optimized for desired applications.


A negative-ion creation technique by Rydberg electron capture (REC) is used to ionise 1,2,3,4 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,2,3,4-TCDD). Negative ions are mass-analysed by a commercial quadrupole mass spectrometer and also by a home-made mass spectrometer using a quadrupole ion trap. From spectra of 1,2,3,4-TCDD a comparison between the REC ionisation technique and two other soft ionisation techniques, electron capture chemical ionisation (ECCI) and the electron monochromator (EM), are discussed.


Editor's Note: I am delighted that EEPA is publishing such an extremely relevant article in the field of educational evaluation, for as Professor Travers observed, it deals with one of the most basic problems in all of evaluation. However, evaluators have not yet recognized the problem as a problem. Present literature avoids discussion of two core problems in the area of evaluation: (1) What is a sound basis for classifying behavior? and (2) What is the nature of the value judgments through which such behaviors are judged to be worthy? In both of these areas, the evaluation specialist is virtually no more sophisticated than the ordinary citizen. This article demonstrates that a sophisticated classification system must result from thought at a sophisticated scientific level, and not from the kind of committee deliberations from which taxonomies of behavior have been derived.


Vibrational Raman and reflection spectra of 0. 1wt-% fullerene doped opticalglasses were investigated. Phosphate laser glass was used as matrix for fillerene dopant. Combbing with matrix Phosphate glass, the Raman active modes and the infrared reflectivecharacrteristics have been obviously changed in fullerene doped phosphate glass. This maysuggest the formation of some new molecules and network constructure in this fullerene dopedoptical glasses.


The unexpected loss of values, as one result of the total destruction during the armed conflicts and war, put us on the challenge to properly decide about methods of rehabilitation, and integrating and understanding values and actions that could vary from restoration to, in many cases, even full reconstruction. During the 1992-1995 war in BiH, many valuable assets of cultural heritage like national monuments, historical places, and historical structures were damaged and/or destroyed. After the aggression, the first step has been to regain and/or establish the function of the places destroyed, while for the cultural heritage assets these attempts called for the approaches more careful. It is not only that the importance or the significance of places and structures destructed is different, the level of destruction also is. These inputs are essential in having preparedness for any action when without possibilities to rely on unique methodology. Even though it is now 20 years after the conflict, Bosnia is still faced with the post-war recovery efforts, with problems newly occurred that are the outcomes of unsuccessfully implemented methods of rehabilitation. This paper aims to present an overview of the interventions implemented within Bosnia and Herzegovina given in respect to the typology of a building, its importance including intangible values and the level of its destruction. Giving examples of Ferhadija/Ferhat Pasha Mosque in Banja Luka and the Old Bridge in Mostar – the examples of total reconstruction, will guide one to understand aspects of choosing the reconstruction action as the appropriate intervention. There are also valuable examples of post-war recovery and rehabilitation for the historical places, such as is the Old town of Počitelj with its entire valuable structures, where after the urban reconstruction – we now have the new challenge of managing the historic place. The inside view shall be more oriented on the case of the Handanija Mosque in Prusac where correct methodology approach had been applied regarding the diagnostic, identifying and/or determining the nature and causes of damage and deterioration of the facility through the inspection and examination, but some rather improper conclusion and decision have been derived from that investigation works. In addition, some analyses of Index of shifts of minaret have been conducted too. Index of shift represents the relation of minaret height – h and width of its layout (D or 2r) or the diameter of circular cross-section. Analyses of conducted work could provide us with a better understanding of the damaged buildings potential weaknesses and weak spots. Reinforcement and strengthening of damaged construction structure has been among the most important tasks. In some cases, improper interventions on heritage structures may have been damaging - in sense of impairing the authenticity, while sometimes it was an insufficient knowledge on structural behaviour and the materials used in historic structures that brought unexpected additional damages. The use of traditional crafts, techniques, and materials is one of the most important elements in the process of architectural heritage protection, contributing to the adequate protection, restoration, conservation, as well as its maintenance.


This study is devoted to the analysis of convergence in the economic development of regions, and these aspects are considered in the article in conjunction with the general trend of departure from economic globalization and transition to a new regionalism. The general trend of the new regionalism in the modern world, the manifestation of intraregional imbalances not only at the level of the integration association of countries, but at the intra-country level are considered. It is established that a significant motive in favor of regionalization is the strengthening of relations and strategic partnership between "friendly" countries, which changes the previously established models of international economic cooperation, and focuses on regional priorities of socio-economic development. The analysis of regional convergence has shown that such convergence has a historical trend towards a slowdown, which is generally manifested at the international and domestic levels, which is partly due to heterogeneous models of regional growth. In the future, countries and regions will need new mechanisms to adapt to crises and turbulence of the global economy.


Snakes move through cluttered habitats and tight spaces with extraordinary ease, and consequently snake robots are a popular design for such situations. The remarkable locomotor performance of snakes is due in part to their diversity of locomotor modes for addressing a range of environmental challenges. Concertina locomotion consists of alternating periods of static anchoring and movement along the snake's body, and is used to negotiate narrow spaces such as tunnels or bare branches. However, concertina locomotion has rarely been implemented in snake robots. In this paper, the anchor formation process in live snakes during concertina locomotion is quantified and used to implement concertina locomotion in a snake robot, with automatic detection of the width of the tunnel walls to modulate the waveform. This allows effective concertina locomotion in tunnels of unknown width, without prior knowledge of tunnel geometry, expanding the range of gaits in snake robots.


: It is known that teaching grammar can help students to improve their language skill. The ability to use causative verbs becomes the important things that should be mastered. Therefore, this research was purposed to know the effect of using Mind Mapping Techinque towards students' ability in using causative verbs. This research was true experimental method which control and experimental class were employed. The participants were 53 students of eleventh grade of Public Senior High School 1 Pesawaran. It is found that tobserved was 7.48 and t-critical was 1.66. The average score of the pre-test and post-test of the students are 65.33 and 69.54. Therefore, it can be concluded that Mind mapping technique has significant influence towards student's ability in using causative verbs.


What could be more powerful and more personal than the story of one's origins? It is no surprise that members of the adoptive kinship network (adopted persons, adoptive-family members, and birth-family members) occasionally turn to counseling psychologists to help them make meaning of this story or to cope with some of the complex biological, psychological, cul tural, or legal issues with which they may be dealing. The authors of the Major Contribution section in this issue have done the field a service by pro viding an overview of the adoption field, current research, implications for clinicians, and a detailed perspective on a doption across racial lines. In this article, I expand on several of these issues and discuss their implications for counseling psychologists who work with adoptive kinship network members. Adoption refers to a surprisingly diverse set of family circumstances. Although each involves the transfer of parenting rights and responsibilities from a child's biological parents to others, these circumstances present very different opportunities and risks for children and families. Zamostny, O 'Brien, Baden, & Wiley (2003 [this issue]) mention domestic adoptions, public (foster care) adoptions, private adoptions, international adoptions, transracial adoptions, special needs adoptions, relative adoptions, and open adoptions, for starters. Within any particular type of adoption, there can be considerable heterogeneity in family members' experiences. Thus, generalizations about adoption must be made cautiously. The Zamostny et al. (2003) contribution concisely captures many of the subtleties and current controversies in the adoption field. They accurately pointed out that relative adoptions are typically omitted from consideration in adoption research. However, this is arguably the fastest growing type of adoption in the United States. These are also referred to as kinship adoptions and are currently being viewed as part of the solution to the large number of children in the foster care system (Gibson, Kwon, & Grotevant, 2003). As such, they merit research and practice consideration. Zamostny et al. (2003)


The NASA space telescope Kepler has provided unprecedented time-series observations which have revolutionised the field of asteroseismology, i.e. the use of stellar oscillations to probe the interior of stars. The Kepler-data include observations of stars in open clusters, which are particularly interesting for asteroseismology. One of the clusters observed with Kepler is NGC 6811, which is the target of the present paper. However, apart from high-precision time-series observations, sounding the interiors of stars in open clusters by means of asteroseismology also requires accurate and precise atmospheric parameters as well as cluster membership indicators for the individual stars. We use medium-resolution (R � 25,000) spectroscopic observations, and three independent analysis methods, to derive effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, projected rotational velocities and radial velocities, for 15 stars in the field of the open cluster NGC 6811. We discover two double-lined and three single-lined spectroscopic binaries. Eight stars are classified as either certain or very probable cluster members, and three stars are classified as non-members. For four stars, cluster membership could not been assessed. Five of the observed stars are Gtype giants which are located in the colour-magnitude diagram in the region of the red clump of the cluster. Two of these stars are surely identified as red clump stars for the first time. For those five stars, we provide chemical abundances of 31 elements. The mean radial-velocity of NGC 6811 is found to be +6.68 ± 0.08 kms 1 and the mean metallicity and overall abundance pattern are shown to be very close to solar with an exception of Ba which we find to be overabundant.


An energy consumption decision model method based on multi-factor agent fuzzy game compromise is proposed in this article, to promote availability of energy consumption decisions. First, we give the fuzzy decision model for energy system based on multi-agent methods, in which fuzzy decision agent is the core of whole alliance, we are able to get the energy demands information of users from user layer agent, and the energy supply conditions and energy supply availability inside the alliance from energy consumption layer agent; secondly, we give a fuzzy game compromise weight decision method to build a relation matrix based on fuzzy evaluation, and propose an assessment methods for grey Euclid model; and lastly, by simulation experiment, we verify the availability of energy consumption decision model based on the proposed multi-factor agent fuzzy game compromise.


With the continuously enriching of application system in campus network,in order to ensure the consistency and ease of user data between the various application systems,proposes an urgent need to support unified authentication system.Describes the LDAP protocol and directory services of campus unified LDAP-based identity system.


Abstract Temperature fluctuations on the western continental slopes of the Atlantic Ocean have been measured at three stations on the ocean bottom at depths from 1400 to 2100 m and from 17° to 35°N. All three stations were in or near the deep western boundary current. Daily readings were taken for four to six years. Maximum-to-minimum fluctuations of the isotherms were 800 m off Cape Hatteras, with average temperature of 3.80°C. Temperature appeared episode-driven, with minima consistently near 3.60°C and maxima near 4.10°C. Large swings in temperature had a duration of 10–30 days. Data from Antigua also appeared episode-driven but showed fewer large shifts in temperature, but the maximum-to-minimum fluctuations of the isotherms were 400 m. Hence interesting motions may exist in the seldom-studied region near the bend in the Antilles Islands chain. These two stations are vastly different from previously reported data from the Blake Plateau in which temperature increases are consistently more rapid than de...


We study the temporal evolution of friendships among teenagers during two consecutive academic years with five waves of a survey. Our results show a large degree of consistency among waves, which is remarkable in view of the fact that the studied period includes a major reorganisation of the school due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that the first two circles, best friends and friends, can be clearly observed in the survey but also that being in one or the other leads to more or less stable relationships. We have also studied enmities, finding that they are reported to a much lesser extent and are highly volatile. We find that being in the same class is one of the key drivers of friendship evolution. We also observe an almost constant degree of reciprocity in the relationships, around 60%, a percentage slightly influenced by being in the same class and gender homophily. Not only do our results confirm the mounting evidence supporting the layered structure of human social networks, but they also show that these structures persist in time despite the turnover of individual relationships -- a fact that may prove particularly useful for understanding the social environment in high schools.


Competitiveness of Indonesian essential oil industry is still low due to inefficiency in the production and uncertainty in the availability. Lean production system is reported to have the capability to improve efficiency through lowering cost, reducing lead time (faster delivery) and higher quality. The purpose of this reasearch is to design production performance improvement system in the aromatic chemical industry, using modified Rother and Shook's value stream mapping (VSM) model for aromatic chemical industry. Aromatic chemicals of clove leaf oil derivative were used in this research. Critical observation was used to understand the processes involved in the value stream. Current state of the selected clove leaf oil derivatives, Eugenol and Isoeugenol, were prepared using VSM and improvement areas were identified. A few modifications in the current state and, with these modifications, a future state map is suggested. After comparing the current state and future state map, it has been found that there was 64% reduction in the production lead time of Eugenol and 72% reduction in the production lead time of Isoeugenol. In this research VSM was also succesfully used to identify production losses in the value stream. The research shows that VSM can be used to design production performance improvement system of aromatic chemical industry. Production performance of aromatic chemical industry can be improved by implementing lean production system.


As the most important biopolymers in food system, the exploitation of protein and polysaccharide were widely used in the food industry. The exploitation of protein-polysaccharide interactions offers great opportunities for the design of new ingredients and interfacial structures with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The recent studies on the preparation of food emulsions stabilized by protein- polysaccharide complex which was formed through covalent and non-covalent interactions were over reviewed.


Ruth Ramsey is the human sexuality teacher at the local high school. She believes that "pleasure is good, shame is bad, and knowledge is power." Ruth's younger daughter's soccer coach is Tim Mason, a former stoner and rocker whose response to hitting rock bottom was to reach out and be saved. Tim belongs to The Tabernacle, an evangelical Christian church that doesn't approve of Ruth's style of teaching. And Ruth in turn doesn't applaud The Tabernacle's mission to take its message outside its doors. Adversaries in a small-town culture war, Ruth and Tim instinctively mistrust each other. But when a controversy on the soccer field pushes the two of them to actually talk to each other, they are forced to take each other at something other than face value.


Abstract There is increasing recognition of the role played by neuroinflammation both as a factor in the development of epilepsy as well as a consequence of seizures. Autoimmune encephalitis and epilepsies have emerged as an important etiology of drug-refractory epilepsies. The recognition of these entities is vital for immunomodulation and is the cornerstone in its management. Immunotherapy treatment regimens in these conditions continue to be refined, and there is an increasing knowledge in their use. This article attempts to review the experience with the use of different immunotherapies in specific autoimmune and neuroinflammation-related encephalitis and epilepsies including their mechanisms of action and potential side effects.


AbstractObjectives :This study was done to investigate the relativity of thermography to HRV(heart rate variability) in Sasang constitutional groups.Methods :We investigated 87 healthy workers consisted of 10 Taeumin, 47 Soeumin, 30 Soyangin. After diagnosing the Sasang constitution by QSCCⅡ(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitutional Classification), we analysed their HRV -time domain and frequency domain and also checked their thermography in April 2009.Results & Conclusions : Analysing the thermography, The whole skin temperature was showed equaly in many Taeumin, the face, Upper burner skin temperature was showed high in many Soeumin, and the abdomen skin temperature was showed low in many Soyangin. The relativity of the sympathetic index to skin temperature was high in Taeumin. The higher sympathetic index, the higher Upper burner skin tempeature in Taeumin, the higer most of the skin temperature in Soyangin, lower the whole skin temperature in Soeumin.Key Words : Sasang Constitution, Heart rate variability(HRV), Thermography, Autonomic nervous system


ABSTRACT A method based on oblique projection is presented for construction of sundials. The derived formulas are classical, but usage of vectors and projections renders a coherent presentation rather than a number of special cases. The presented work is aimed to be useful for those taking a beginning module on vector algebra.


This short review was prepared as an introduction to the Royal Society's 'Dark Matter' conference. It addresses the embarrassing fact that 95% of the universe is unaccounted for. Favoured dark matter candidates are axions or weakly-interacting particles that have survived from the very early universe, but more exotic options cannot be excluded. Experimental searches are being made for the 'dark' particles but we have indirect clues to their nature too. Comparisons of data (from, eg, gravitational lensing) with numerical simulations of galaxy formation can constrain (eg) the particle velocities and collision cross sections.
The mean cosmic density of dark matter (plus baryons) is now pinned down to be only about 30% of the critical density However, other recent evidence -- microwave background anisotropies, complemented by data on distant supernovae -- reveals that our universe actually is 'flat', and that its dominant ingredient (about 70% of the total mass-energy) is something quite unexpected -- 'dark energy' pervading all space, with negative pressure. We now confront two mysteries:
(i) Why does the universe have three quite distinct basic ingredients -- baryons, dark matter and dark energy -- in the proportions (roughly) 5%, 25% and 70%?
(ii) What are the (almost certainly profound) implications of the 'dark energy' for fundamental physics?


Hodgkin's disease with skin involvement is a rare entity with a reported incidence of 0.5-3.5%. Various routes of skin involvement may include retrograde lymphatic spread, direct extension from underlying nodes, or hematogenous spread. Prognosis is usually determined by the degree of visceral involvement and the stage of disease. We report our experience with four cases of Hodgkin's disease with varying presentations, mimicking other malignant or inflammatory conditions.


The realignment of the ERM in September, and the subsequent withdrawal of the UK and Italy from the mechanism, have caused a degree of uncertainty in the financial markets. In our last forecast we were anticipating a realignment of the lira at the end of September (National Institute Economic Review No. 141) but we expected a more orderly adjustment of exchange rates than took place. We analysed the effects of a realignment in a note in the August 1992 Review, and we expected the consequences to stimulate activity in Europe. The uncertainties surrounding the exchange-rate outlook make our main case less sanguine than it would otherwise have been. The resulting prospects for slow growth in Europe have to be combined with a modest recovery in the US and Canada and continued below capacity growth in Japan. The success of Governor Clinton in the US elections bodes well for growth in the US, at least in the short term, and this may offset the poor performance elsewhere in the OECD. However, the distinct possibility of a trade war following on from the collapse of the GATT round cannot be ignored, and such an outbreak would make our forecast much more pessimistic.


Abstract There is an impressive evidence base for the psychological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The strongest evidence is for trauma-focused cognitive therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) but brief eclectic psychotherapy is a promising alternative. As well as this strong evidence for efficacy there is emerging evidence for effectiveness, using these treatments in routine clinical practice without highly trained specialized staff. The treatment of PTSD is more than the use of structured psychotherapy packages – it involves careful assessment and attention to safety, boundary and termination issues. We know much less about how to deal with treatment resistance or complex trauma. Drug treatment is well evaluated with large trials, and has statistical but not clinical efficacy.


World system theory characterizes world politics as a three-tiered structure of inequality (core, semiperiphery, periphery) which manifests itself along three dimensions: an unequal distribution of global wealth, asymmetrical economic dependence, and political inequality. While this is a plausible description of the international system, world system theory cannot provide a behaviorally-based causal explanation of this core-periphery structure because the theory is wedded to a structuralist or methodological collectivist explanatory framework. As a result, world system theory treats the international system's core-periphery structure as an unproblematic assumption. In order to address this deficiency, this paper presents a rational choice theory in which wealthy and poor states choose core and peripheral positions respectively. Specifically, I argue that when wealthy states strategically interact with poorly endowed states by rendering economic exchanges contingent upon the acceptance of a subordinate status, then a core-periphery structure emerges as the rational outcome under certain conditions. Like world system theory, my analysis identifies an inegalitarian distribution of wealth as one of the necessary conditions for the existence of a core-periphery structure. But unlike world system theory's canonical model, this paper also identifies, as additional necessary conditions for core-periphery relations, attenuated competition within the core for control over the periphery and normal distributions of state preferences with respect to key economic and political values.


The author has compared the roentgenologic findings of the stomach with the structure and function of its tunica muscularis. Physiologists, previously, have observed that the stomach as to the muscular activity consists of two parts with different characteristics on each side of the angulus. The muscular activity in a normal stomach is well coordinated from the cardia down to the pylorus. The roentgenologic studies, however, have been concentrated on the appearence of the muscular activity in cases with ulcer in each part, in the longitudinal stomach and at the incisura angularis, giving principally different roentgenologic pictures of the shape and mucosal folding. In this way it has been possible to observe the activity of the strong bundles of the suspensory sling in the longitudinal stomach, limited to this part and unique in the whole digestive tract. In recent years physiologic investigations have added valuable information about the muscular function of the stomach, briefly reported in this paper. Electrogastrograms have confirmed that the function, normally synchronized, under certain conditions can show a dissociation of the two parts. Experimental investigations have shown that the autonomic nervous have shown that the autonomic nervous has an important function for the stomach as a reservoir-organ. Beside the earlier known mode of activity of this system, the vagus is mediating a reflex without any known transmittor substance, this vagal reflex also indicating a different activity between the two parts of the stomach.


Technology advancement allows people to live their life easier and more efficient. However, not everyone felt the same, as some people with disabilities such as the visually impaired still struggle in life despite the presence of technology or smart devices to help them. Whether it's a problem within the user interaction of the system or the cost that is too expensive, people suffering from visual impairment still struggles on their day-to-day activities. In order to solve the problem, we introduced DAVID a digital assistant application aim to help the visually impaired in recognizing text on real-world objects and provide an audio feedback in real-time. It utilizes voice user interface technology such as speech recognizing and speech synthesis as the means of interaction through voice input.


An experimental design procedure was used to investigate the response of the extractability of βcarotene from D. Salina algae using supercritical ethane and ethylene and making used of supercritical carbon dioxide as basis. A factorial experimental design was employed to establish the effects of the operating parameters such as temperature and pressureusing a dynamic extraction sequence. A three level approached was employed for each temperature and pressure and the experiments were repeated twice to ensure reliability of results. The extract was analyzed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography where β-carotene is expected to elute in approximately 16 minutes with peaks at 450 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of MtBE (methyl ter-butyl ether) and MetOH (methanol) on a 80:20 ratio. The solubilities of β-carotene in SCF carbon dioxide are far lower than those measured at SCFs ethane and ethylene as expected and predicted at differentTrand Prvalues. Ethane and ethylene make a better solvent than CO2 by virtue of their greater polarizabilities for β-carotene. Yield of β-carotene during the first 20 mins of extraction reached as high as 59% w-β-carotene/w-β-carotene in algae.


Grain‐oriented silicon‐iron is used in large quantities in the electrical power industry, so that any improvements in its basic properties, its behaviour under operating conditions, and a critical examination of design considerations, are economically valuable: the commerical and technical importance of Hi‐B material must be assessed on such grounds.A significant improvement in the magnetostriction‐stress sensitivity and a reduction in losses has been found (particularly at higher inductions), which are most advantageous in power transformer engineering. Rotational losses must be considered too in both power transformers and large machines, and recent experimental measurements in the laboratory will be discussed. In basic terms, losses are essentially governed by domain wall motion and recent work from various sources will be reported.Both a critical examination and an understanding of design considerations is vital; taking the case of a large power transformer, the method of flux transfer between sheets,...


The study is based on analyses of survey data from the Household Budget Survey, the European Community Household Panel Survey and the Living in Ireland (LII) Survey and compliments an earlier Combat Poverty study that examined living conditions in the main component of Irish social housing – local authority housing estates.1 This study builds on that earlier work by considering housing from a macro and a comparative perspective, focusing on housing tenure and on issues of housing poverty and wealth. This study also contributes to the debate about future directions in Irish social expenditure, which has been initiated in a recent Combat Poverty policy paper2 that showed that the Irish welfare state lags behind the level of economic development achieved over the past decade, contributing to widening income differentials and macroeconomic inefficiency.


From parents' understanding to children with hearing loss,parents and their family members in the rehabilitation of children with hearing loss and family rehabilitation methods of hearing loss the families of children with early intervention strategies for early intervention for hearing loss in children family basis.


─ This paper explains the categorical status of numerals and quantifiers, the distribution of Numeral Phrases or here Cardinal Phrases (CardlP) in Persian. This paper follows the Minimalist frame work of Chomsky (1995) and shows that considering quantifiers as a functional head can indicate optional word order variation and an economical derivation for quantifiers. Also, despite Gebhardt's (2009) argument, it will be argued that quantifying determiners just belong to the functional projection QP, and the lower QP in Giusti's (1992) analysis can be replaced by a projection of functional category CardlP which a numeral occupies its head. Contrary to Hamedani (2011), I will point out only one feature, [+Numerable], is realized on Classifiers (Cls) and separates them from number morphology. Thus, Persian plural marker -hâ has a [-Numerable] feature, whereas innumerability is realized on Cls and it is considered as a syntactic issue that separates Cls from number morphology. The key insight is that plural marker is a phrasal head with the associated features, [+plural] and [+definite]. Further, findings indicate that numerals behave as adjectives, whereas quantifiers are different from adjectives.


Background information The International Gemmological Institute 'IGI' (one of the world's largest independent gem certification and appraisal institute having its head office in Antwerp) filed a…


Composites from natural fiber reinforcement are developed as the alternative sheet materials of plastic composite for small-size bodywork parts in automotive industries. Kenaf fiber is selected as the reinforcement of plastic composite. Press forming of Kenaf-Polypropylene is experimentally produced in this study. The aim of this study is to obtain the optimal factor of the process of sheet forming of Kenaf-Polypropylene. The Kenaf delignified is cut into 5 cm lengths and distributed on the surface of Polypropylene sheet for 3 and 5 ply layers. The layers of Kenaf-Polypropylene then pressed by hot press at 190 and 210°C, 40 and 50 bar, for 3 and 5 minutes. However, there are limitations in handling multi responses in design of experiments. The application of the fuzzy logic theory to the grey relational analysis may further develop its performance in solving multi-response problems for process parameter optimization. The layer of Kenaf and Polypropylene, temperature, the duration of hot press and pressure are factors that affect the process. The result of experimental investigation and as well as analysis, shows that the best combination values were 3 ply layer, 210°C, 5 minutes of hot press and 50 bar.Composites from natural fiber reinforcement are developed as the alternative sheet materials of plastic composite for small-size bodywork parts in automotive industries. Kenaf fiber is selected as the reinforcement of plastic composite. Press forming of Kenaf-Polypropylene is experimentally produced in this study. The aim of this study is to obtain the optimal factor of the process of sheet forming of Kenaf-Polypropylene. The Kenaf delignified is cut into 5 cm lengths and distributed on the surface of Polypropylene sheet for 3 and 5 ply layers. The layers of Kenaf-Polypropylene then pressed by hot press at 190 and 210°C, 40 and 50 bar, for 3 and 5 minutes. However, there are limitations in handling multi responses in design of experiments. The application of the fuzzy logic theory to the grey relational analysis may further develop its performance in solving multi-response problems for process parameter optimization. The layer of Kenaf and Polypropylene, temperature, the duration of hot press and pressure...


Digital Signal Processor (DSP) topologies and associated technologies for optical transceivers using data-rates >100Gbit/s to enable SMF transmission of 10 to 100km are reviewed and trade-offs discussed in the context of evolving requirements and future technical advances.


Objective Bone health in SLE is adversely affected by vitamin D deficiency, inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoid use. We hypothesised that vitamin D supplementation would increase markers of bone formation and decrease markers of bone resorption in SLE subjects. Methods We studied 43 vitamin D-deficient SLE subjects who participated in a 12-week randomised controlled trial of 2000–4000 IU/day vitamin D supplementation versus placebo. Subjects had inactive SLE (SLE Disease Activity Index ≤4) and were taking <20 mg prednisone daily at baseline. We assayed baseline and week 12 serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP) and C-telopeptide (CTX). We tested the effect of vitamin D versus placebo on change (Δ) in P1NP and ΔCTX in an intention-to-treat analysis. Secondary analyses evaluated whether vitamin D affected bone turnover among subjects achieving vitamin D repletion (≥30 ng/mL) or currently taking glucocorticoids. Results 28 subjects were randomised to vitamin D and 15 to placebo. Mean age was 39 years and 40% were using glucocorticoids at enrolment. Repletion was achieved by 46% in the vitamin D group versus none in the placebo group. Changes in bone turnover markers were not significantly different in the vitamin D group versus placebo group (median ΔP1NP −0.2 vitamin D group vs −1.1 placebo group (p=0.83); median ΔCTX +3.5 vitamin D group vs −37.0 placebo group (p=0.50)). The effect of vitamin D did not differ based on achieving vitamin D repletion or baseline glucocorticoid use. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation did not affect the 12-week change in bone turnover markers among SLE subjects in this trial.


To determine whether myocardial resistance to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is enhanced in the senescent heart after life‐long caloric restriction, and whether AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a role in that phenotype.


High-quality logistics management personnel is an important factor in the development of modern logistics. In recent years, as the rapid development of the economy and the logistics industry in Shandong Province, the provincial government attaches great importance to development of the logistics management of human resources, but there is a gap between the current situation of Shandong Province logistics management talent resources and the construction of large logistics for the logistics management of human resources. Based on this analysis of the status quo of logistics management of human resources in Shandong province, we analyzed the problems in its development, and then discussed the countermeasures of logistics personnel development in Shandong Province by referencing the experience of developed countries on talent development. Keywords—Shandong Province; logistics management talent; development strategy


Microgrids allow for the continuous supply of customers during outages of the bulk power system. A challenging aspect of microgrid operation is the transition from islanded to grid-connected operation mode. When the voltages of the microgrid and the bulk power system are not aligned in the event of the microgrid reconnection, components can suffer heavy loadings. This work investigates these loadings for diesel synchronous generators in MV microgrids for various scenarios of angle, amplitude and frequency deviations of the voltage of both grids. The outcome is relevant to anticipate generator loadings and to enhance the synchronization control.


A series of forestation tests for controlling soil secondary salinization were conducted in the Yellow River Delta Saline lands.The results showed that the stand canopy density had a positive correlation to the control of soil salinization and forest trees played the control role on soil salinization within a certain range.The farmland shelterbelts had a significant effect on soil salinization control.On the basis,this paper explored the causes of controlling soil secondary salinization by forest trees and put forward some measures for controlling soil secondary salinization by extensive forestation in the Yellow River Delta regions.


Significance To study the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on society, and measures for reducing its spread, researchers need detailed data on the course of the pandemic. Standard public health data streams suffer inconsistent reporting and frequent, unexpected revisions. They also miss other aspects of a population's behavior that are worthy of consideration. We present an open database of COVID signals in the United States, measured at the county level and updated daily. This includes traditionally reported COVID cases and deaths, and many others: measures of mobility, social distancing, internet search trends, self-reported symptoms, and patterns of COVID-related activity in deidentified medical insurance claims. The database provides all signals in a common, easy-to-use format, empowering both public health research and operational decision-making. The COVID-19 pandemic presented enormous data challenges in the United States. Policy makers, epidemiological modelers, and health researchers all require up-to-date data on the pandemic and relevant public behavior, ideally at fine spatial and temporal resolution. The COVIDcast API is our attempt to fill this need: Operational since April 2020, it provides open access to both traditional public health surveillance signals (cases, deaths, and hospitalizations) and many auxiliary indicators of COVID-19 activity, such as signals extracted from deidentified medical claims data, massive online surveys, cell phone mobility data, and internet search trends. These are available at a fine geographic resolution (mostly at the county level) and are updated daily. The COVIDcast API also tracks all revisions to historical data, allowing modelers to account for the frequent revisions and backfill that are common for many public health data sources. All of the data are available in a common format through the API and accompanying R and Python software packages. This paper describes the data sources and signals, and provides examples demonstrating that the auxiliary signals in the COVIDcast API present information relevant to tracking COVID activity, augmenting traditional public health reporting and empowering research and decision-making.


A single-pore multi-point pore water pressure meter embedding fixing device and an embedding method thereof are disclosed. The device comprises a fixing component, a connecting component and a container, wherein the fixing component consists of a plurality of hanging rods; each hanging rod is provided with a vent hole; two ends of each hanging rod are provided with a screw thread and a sleeve; and one side of each hanging rod is provided with a guidance sliding chute. The connecting component consists of a connecting plate and a supporting plate. The supporting plate is provided with a vent hole. One side of the connecting plate is inserted into the guidance sliding chute; the other side is fixed with an annular hoop. A pore water pressure meter is installed inside the annular hoop. The container for containing water to dip the pore water pressure meter is arranged on the supporting plate. A lead wire hole is arranged on the top of the container for containing water. A pulling wire is arranged on the lead wire of the pore water pressure meter. A signal cable of each pore water pressure meter is led outside a monitoring hole upwardly. The single-pore multi-point pore water pressure meter embedding fixing device solves the problem that the pore water pressure meter in the single-hole multi-point manner is easy to deflect; accordingly, with the application range being enlarged, the single-pore multi-point pore water pressure meter embedding fixing device has the advantages of short device embedding time, low construction cost, low construction difficulty, high monitoring precision, reliable long-term monitoring data, or the like.


In this paper,SG enzyme,a series of CMI enzymatic preparation which prepared in our experiment were used in leather soaking.Microcosmic structure was observed by using Multimedia Microscope.Protein content and composing of amino acid in soaking liquid were measured by Amino Acid Analyzer.The results showed that there was not much difference between CMI enzymatic preparation and SG enzyme in hydrolyze capability for protein in collage's interspaces and backwater capability.The CMI-I result of Multimedia Microscope showed that fattiness was hydrolyzed partly by enzymatic preparation.


The stability of low temperature magnetic phases of YblG in dependence on field and temperature is investigated using the model with six Yb sublattices and one saturated Fe sublattice. The conditions for existence of zero-frequency modes are deduced in the analytical form for magnetic fields lying in {110} planes. General results are applied to the case of magnetic field parallel to [111] direction and the existence of a metastability region is shown, where both the colinear as well as the canted phase may occur.


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Background: Pseudoaldosteronism is a severe primary aldosteronism-like syndrome with decreased plasma aldosterone levels. In Japan, it is often caused by herbal medicines containing licorice. However, there has been little evidence assessing the updated proportion of each drug and its recent trends. Objective: To identify recent major causes of pseudoaldosteronism in Japan and assess the possibility of chronological changes from 2005 to 2020. Methods: We collected data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, a spontaneous reporting system maintained at Japan's Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency, reported between January 2005 and December 2020. Findings: In the JADER database, reported adverse events of pseudoaldosteronism, hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, and myopathy were extracted from 2016 to 2020. The drugs frequently implicated in the development of these pseudoaldosteronism-related events, including Syakuyakukanzoto, Yokukansan, Hochuekkito, Kakkonto, Rikkunshito, Daioukanzoto, Ryoukeijyutsukanto, Hangeshashinto, Bakumondoto, Saireito, were identified. Yokukansan, an herbal medicine increasingly used in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), was shown to be the second most frequently associated drug with pseudoaldosteronism-related adverse events (232 cases), following Syakuyakukanzoto (255 cases). Furthermore, with regards to adverse events standardized by the content of licorice, Yokukansan was the most common. Between 2005 and 2020, the number of adverse events related to Yokukansan increased significantly, however, those associated with Shakuyakukanzoto did not (Fig. 1). Conclusion: Yokukansan-induced pseudoaldosteronism appears to have increased significantly in Japan. Considering the aging population and limitations of conventional drugs for BPSD, this is an emerging trend and a potentially serious healthcare issue in Japan.


In this paper, we survey various Robust Object Recognition Algorithms. One of the core technologies for local feature detector is Scale Invariant Feature Transform. And we compared several algorithms with SIFT based on IPP technology. As a result, the conversion of source codes using IPP is sped up. And this will be more improved recognition speed using SIMD Instructions.


In this paper, a measure of the departure from normality is investigated for system robustness. An attractive feature of the normality index is in its simplicity for pole placement designs. To allow a tradeoff between system robustness and control effort, a cost function consisting of the sum of a norm of weighted gain matrix and a normality index is minimized. First and second order necessary conditions for the constrained optimization problem is derived and solved by Newton-Raphson algorithm imbedded into a one-parameter family of neighboring zero problems. The method presented in this paper allows the direct computation of optimal gains in terms of robustness and control effort for pole placement problems.


The paper studies the effect that skilled labour mobility has on efficient education policy. The model is one of two periods in which a representative taxpayer decides on labour, education, and saving. The government can only use linear tax and subsidy instruments. It is shown that the mobility of skilled labour well constrains government's choice of policy instruments. The mobility does not however affect second best education policy in allocational terms. In particular, education should be effectively subsidized if, and only if, the elasticity of the earnings function is increasing in education. This rule applies regardless of whether labour is mobile or immobile.


This paper describes two novel abstractions that help software engineers work in developing regions to align social and technical factors when building communication systems. The abstractions extend two concepts familiar to engineers of computer networks and applications: the Open Systems Interconnect stack for design, and Quality of Service for evaluation. The novel nature of the abstractions lies in how they help cultivate awareness of socio-cultural and technical issues when designing and evaluating communication bridges in the field. Advantages of the abstractions are that they can be understood easily by software engineers, they aid communication with beneficiaries, and can therefore facilitate collaboration. The paper makes an argument for these socially aware abstractions, describes the abstractions in detail, provides examples of how we used the new abstractions in the field and then gives practical guidelines for how to use them. The simple nature of the new abstractions can help software engineers and end-users to work together to produce useful information technology based communication systems for people in developing regions.


According to the advantages of environment and needs of ecological city construction, using the conception of urban forest plan to combine forest and water network for Chinese cities, a open and united forestry development plan is made for the built-up urban area and the whole city region in Yangzhou. In the whole city region, the regional harmony and ecological unit are emphasized while centering on city development along the Grant Canal and Yangtse Rive, and the forestry development framework of "two strips, two patches and three networks" is put forward. In the built-up urban area, the main characteristics of "ecology of watery region" and "historic and cultural city" are emphasized while paying more attention to the old Canal, and the urban forest distribution framework of "one ring, four wedges, two corridors and many cores"DS is put forward too. Thereby a modern forestry development pattern of unit green screen, green industry and green culture together is built up in Yangzhou region, and the construction effect of urban forest with the built-up urban area rang by green belt, broke by four wedges, connected by two corridors and interspersed by many green cores are also obtained. So the ecological foundation can be carried out for economic and social sustainable development and harmonious society construction in Yangzhou city.


When we were first approached by the translators of Andreas Vesalius' ground-breaking atlas of anatomy De humani corporis fabrica, I was not aware of how much the publication of this English translation from the original Latin would influence our publishing house and me personally. I have always been fascinated by the Renaissance and its art and architecture, but I now fully appreciate the enormous impact the Renaissance invention of the printing press had on the rise of modern science and medicine – and how much this resembles the profound effect that the dawn of the digital age has had on our own times.


This study simulated the routes of a municipal solid waste collection by a mathematical model of Dijkstra's Algorithm. Its aim was to achieve route optimization by shortening the distance travelled by the municipal solid waste collectors. The waste collectors usually face difficulties in selecting the most cost-efficient routes to collect wastes due to the presence of multiple collection points. It is observed that unsystematic collection route planner travelled by the waste collectors increases the time and cost of waste management. Thus, to reduce the time and cost of collection, it was hypothesized that the routes taken by the waste collectors be shortened to optimize the cost-effectiveness. This study again hypothesized that employing a mathematical model of Dijkstra's Algorithm would be able to demonstrate the route optimization. Keywords: collection routes; Dijkstra's Algorithm; municipal solid waste; route optimization; urban area


A two-month survey of nuclear fuel-cycle models was undertaken. This report presents the information forthcoming from the survey. Of the nearly thirty codes reviewed in the survey, fifteen of these codes have been identified as potentially useful in fulfilling the tasks of the Nuclear Energy Analysis Division (NEAD) as defined in their FY 1981-1982 Program Plan. Six of the fifteen codes are given individual reviews. The individual reviews address such items as the funding agency, the author and organization, the date of completion of the code, adequacy of documentation, computer requirements, history of use, variables that are input and forecast, type of reactors considered, part of fuel cycle modeled and scope of the code (international or domestic, long-term or short-term, regional or national). The report recommends that the Model Evaluation Team perform an evaluation of the EUREKA uranium mining and milling code.


Atrial fibrillation (AFIB) is one example of cardiac arrhythmias indicated by abnormal heart rhythms that can lead to serious health problems, including heart attack and stroke. One of the most common methods for detecting AFIB is through the use of electrocardiography (ECG) signals. Physicians use ECG records to detect AFIB by analyzing the electrical activity of the heart. However, the symptoms may not always be present, so it is possible for a physician to misdiagnose the condition. To make sure that AFIB are detected in a timely manner and prevent potential life-threatening incidents, the patients must undergo continuous monitoring. However, it is difficult to develop a readily available and inexpensive method for detecting AFIB using ECG signals due to the technical challenges and cost associated with procuring ECG signals. To overcome this problem, we explored the use of photoplethysmography (PPG) signals acquired from smartphone camera to detect AFIB using ECG based ensemble learning model. ECG dataset are used due to the abundance of publicly available datasets, and the strong correlation between ECG and PPG in the RR Interval and Peak-to-peak Interval, respectively. Our goal was to develop a cheap, readily available, real-time method for detecting AFIB. The resulting classification method achieves 82.94%, 90.00%, 81.65%, and 89.00% of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and f1 score, respectively.


Medicinal plant extracts are known to possess breast cancer antidote. The present investigation is focused on anticancer efficacy of various parts of Annona squamosa. The organic (ethanol) extracts from various parts of Annona squamosa were prepared using soxhlet apparatus and tested for in vitro anticancer efficacy on Breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The results obtained from MTT assay showed that the inhibitory concentration values of bark, peel and seed were found to be approximately 20, 30 and 10 μg/ml, respectively The ethanolic seed extract had high anticancer activity with IC50 value of 10 ug/ml, reveals that A. squamosa inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 by inducing apoptosis. The plant investigated has anti-cancer activity; hence further studies should be carried out for the isolation of the lead molecules from the parts of the plant to treat the breast cancer.

 Key words: Annona squamosa, MCF-7 cell line, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, anti-cancer activity.


This paper aims to build a review of the literature on the field of Entrepreneurs in business. This literature review will provide an archive of past research points and methodologies related to the studies of the reach and engagement that affect the use of social media for entrepreneurs to explore, analyse and develop a clear understanding of the different research topics and methodologies implemented in published articles. The paper also tries to understand the researches done on Women Entrepreneurs and try to find a research gap combining the two phenomena. Keyword: Entrepreneurs, Social Media Advertising, Social Media. Introduction Women Entrepreneurship in India has been uplifted in recent years. There have been numerous problems faced by Women to overcome and place themselves equal in a society dominated by men. Women were not given a platform where they could do business and also carry out the responsibilities that the Indian society puts upon a woman. (Siddiqui, 2012) Women Entrepreneurs are defined as "the women or a group of women who initiate, organize and operate a business enterprise". (Kaushik, 2012) Social media has changed the marketing mix and the way businesses advertise and market their products/services. Social media is used to engage with customers, spread awareness about product availability, information on offers, and consumer purchase decisions also take place on social media. (Kumar et al., 2016) Research Methodology This research has been carried with a qualitative longitudinal approach. This study has helped in understanding the varied literature available and the gap that exists in the chosen topic. Research Scope The Scope of the research is to study literature in the areas of Social Media Usage by the business owner, companies, and brands as well as to understand the studies carried out on Women Entrepreneurs. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government Vol. 27, No. 2,2021 https://cibg.org.au/ P-ISSN: 2204-1990; E-ISSN: 1323-6903 DOI: 10.47750/cibg.2021.27.02.546 5386 Objectives 1. To find the variables of Usage of Social Media. 2. To examine which demographics, theories, research methodology, and geographical areas have been covered, used, found, or worked upon in past studies. 3. Issues emerging from past studies.


cloud computing is an innovative framework for developing, deploying new things. The primary use of cloud is for storage. Traditionally users used to save their data in a hard disk. But they need to carry the hard disk with them all around. The capacity of hard disk failed to match against the tremendous growth of their data. This is the main reason why users decided to use cloud as their primary data storage. In the proposed research work, a secure framework for the cloud providers is demonstrated. Coping with "single cloud" provider became less popular as it introduces the malicious hackers inside the cloud and due to service unavailability many a times. Multi cloud solves this dilemma. Rather than keeping the data with a single cloud provider, multi cloud system encourages users to save their data on many clouds. This avoids having reliance on a single cloud. In the proposed system, secure framework using cloud is build, where we does not rely on a single rather use multiple cloud. We use AES algorithm to encrypt whole data, replicate the data and create a signature using SHA1 algorithm. This provides much better security than the single cloud computing.


Any mathematical pattern can be the generation principle for number series. In contrast to most of the application fields of artificial neural networks (ANN) a successful solution does not only require an approximation of the underlying function but to correctly predict the exact next number. We propose a dynamic learning approach and evaluate our method empirically on number series from the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. Finally, we investigate research questions about the performance of ANNs, structural properties, and the adequate architecture of the ANN to deal successfully with number series.