Abstract This study examines interns' perceptions of HR practices and their influence on person–organization fit, person–job fit, and intentions to join the organization. The hypotheses are developed with signaling theory and attraction, selection, attrition (ASA) theory. Utilizing a time lagged study design of 71 interns employed in a United States based service firm, we found positive perceptions of HR practices rated early in the internship were related to increased person–organization fit, person–job fit, and intentions to join the organization at the end of the internship. Our findings also showed that person–organization fit and person–job fit fully mediated the relationship between HR practices and intentions to join the organization.


Query-biased Summarization (QBS) aims to produce a query-dependent summary of a retrieved document to reduce the human effort for inspecting the full-text content. Typical summarization approaches extract document snippets that overlap with the query and show them to searchers. Such QBS methods show relevant information in a document but do not inform searchers what is missing. Our study focuses on reducing user effort in finding relevant documents by exposing the information in the query that is missing in the retrieved results. We use a classical approach, DSPApprox, to find terms or phrases relevant to a query. Then, we identify which terms or phrases are missing in a document, present them in a search interface, and ask crowd workers to judge document relevance based on snippets and missing information. Experimental results show both benefits and limitations of our method compared with traditional ones that only show relevant snippets.


This essay contains the following sections. It begins with a brief description of the religious current field in Latin America. At once contribute quantitative information and register them on the religion in 4 chosen countries; Mexico, Cuba, Argentina and Brazil. In the following section on religious diversity, political public and conflict, it appears like every country has a type different from relation been church; Mexico - project of laicism, Cuba - social Marxism, Argentina - concordat and Brazil - minimal state intervention. Examples of religious conflicts will be seen in every case. In the end I will give a brief conclusion.


From historical perspective,the androgynous idea is systematically analyzed and it undergoes four different stages: in matriarchal society two sexes complemented each other,in modern times there was physiological and psychic coordination,in ripe times there was ideal creative personality and in the future it will keep open.The connotations of the androgynous thought are being enriched and its changing track showed.


This aim of this paper was twofold: (1) to display the various competencies of the infant's hands for processing information about the shape of objects; and (2) to show that the infant's haptic mode shares some common mechanisms with the visual mode. Several experiments on infants from birth and up to five months of age using a habituation/dishabituation procedure, intermodal transfer task between touch and vision, and various cognitive tasks revealed that infants may perceive and understand the physical world through their hands without visual control. From birth, infants can habituate to shape and detect discrepancies between shapes. But information exchanges between vision and touch are partial in cross-modal transfer tasks. Plausibly, modal specificities such as discrepancies in information gathering between the two modalities and the different functions of the hands (perceptual and instrumental) limit the links between the visual and haptic modes. In contrast, when infants abstract information from an event not totally felt or seen, amodal mechanisms underlie haptic and visual knowledge in early infancy. Despite various discrepancies between the sensory modes, conceiving the world is possible with hands as with eyes.


The generator's competition strategy has become a pressing research field since the opening of power market. In real market situation Generators have to deal with capacity allocation among different markets (i.e. day-ahead spot market, contract market and ancillary service market) and competition strategy optimization simultaneously. However these two interrelated problems have been studied separated with little practical reference. The allocation of capacity among three markets sets the foundation for strategy optimization while actual market performance is the evaluation criterion of capacity allocation. The key of decision-making is the risk of price uncertainty and its manipulation. Our work provides a new realistic platform of competition strategy optimization for Generation Companies. The process of strategy optimization is completed in a multi-agent system that is interactive with the user. Different kinds of software agents are designed to fulfill the optimization function. Scenario tree generation algorithm is used to deal with the uncertainty of electricity price and genetic algorithm is used to solve the complex optimization problem of generation capacity allocation among different periods. Then competition strategies in spot as well as contract and ancillary market are defined. Finally evaluation process is designed for strategy improvement, which effectively combines the problem of generation capacity allocation with competition strategy optimization.


In th_spaper we Consiclera simple model of real-time scheduling. We present a real-time scheduling syste m called RTS which is based on Korf's Minimin algorithm. Experimental results show that the schedule quality initially improves with the amount of look-ahead search and tapers off quickly: So it appears that reasonably good schedules can be produced with a relatively shallow search.


Using the results of a recent study of the sources of O(¹D) atoms in the aurora we show that the reaction constitutes the main source of 6300 A surface brightness above 150 km altitude in the daytime thermosphere. In summer the volume emission rate of this source is 2.5 times larger than the sum of all other sources at 180 km, and ∼ 1.5 times as large in winter. Inclusion of the new source alleviates the need for the large dissociation frequency of O2 by solar UV radiation in the Schumann-Runge wavelength range found in previous work (JO2 = 3 × 10−6 s−1), thus bringing the 6300 A airglow measurement into harmony with the measurements of the Schumann-Runge continuum made on the Atmosphere Explorer (AE) satellites; i.e., JO2 = 1.5×10−6 s−1. Neglect of the N(²D) source of O(¹D) in the past has resulted in an overestimation of O2 concentrations in the twilight thermosphere from both ground based and satellite measurements of the 6300 A emission. When the N(²D) source of O(¹D) is taken into account the rate coefficient for quenching of O(¹D) by N2 is estimated to be ∼ 30% higher than that determined in a recent AE study; i.e., the new value is 4 ± 1 × 10−11 cm³ s−1.


This research is to find out the effect of current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover, and return on assets to company value (PBV) in agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2012-2017. The selection of samples used in this research used a saturated sample method and obtained 6 companies as samples. Research data was obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. A more appropriate methode is random effect. Partially it shows that only the current ratio variable has a negative and not significant effect meanwhile debt equity ratio and total asset turn over variable has a negative and significant effect and return on assets that have a positive and significant impact on firm value (PBV).
Keyword : company value, price book value, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover and return on asset.

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover, dan return on asset terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV) pada perusahaan sektor pertanian yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2017. Pemilihan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sampel jenuh dan didapatkan 6 perusahaan sebagai sampel. Data penelitian diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode yang lebih tepat digunakan adalah random effect. Secara parsial menunjukan bahwa hanya variabel current ratio yang berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan sedangkan variabel debt equity ratio dan total asset turnover secara parsial memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan serta return on asset yang memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan (PBV).
Kata Kunci : nilai perusahaan, price book value, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total asset turnover dan return on asset.


This paper presents a geometric approach to solve the unknown joint angles required for the autonomous positioning of a robotic arm. A plethora of complex mathematical processes is reduced using basic trigonometric in the modeling of the robotic arm. This modeling and analysis approach is tested using a five-degree-of-freedom arm with a gripper style end effector mounted to an iRobot Create mobile platform. The geometric method is easily modifiable for similar robotic system architectures and provides the capability of local autonomy to a system which is very difficult to manually control.


Background Cost analysis in central sterile supply department (CSSD) helps to achieve financial sustainability and improved efficiency for optimal field operations. This research intends to propose strategies to reduce re-sterilization of CSSD items and formulate alternatives for direct purchase of consumable items by suggesting in-house manufacture of these items. Methods An observational prospective study using cost analysis tools such as activity-based costing and cost–benefit analysis was conducted in a tertiary care corporate hospital. Primary data collection was done with the help of semi-structured interview questions and checklist. Results The analysed data indicated that on an average 150 sets per month were sent back for steam re-sterilisation which incurred the cost for re-packing, re-sterilisation and re-storage. Additionally, crucial study findings indicate that gauze swabs and dressing pads (consumable items) have been consumed in large quantities per month (20,000 Qty) leading to profligacy. Conclusion In-house preparation of dressing pads and gauze swabs has amassed sufficient amount of savings of about ₹70,377 and ₹24,104 per month on an average with the available resources. Moreover, techniques to avoid re-sterilization will help decrease resource consumption that includes electricity and exhaustive use of manpower.


In the past decade, donor-acceptor-substituted (D-A) cyclopropanes have become versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Their unique reactivity can be explained with their high ring strain (~115 kJ·mol) and their substitution pattern bearing an electron-donating and an electron-withdrawing group in vicinal positions. Because of a formal 1,3-zwitterionic character, they are able to undergo reactions with dipoles or nucleophiles and electrophiles to generate a huge variety of functionalized alkanes or heterocyclic compounds.


There are two essential, interdependent notions in current educational policy: cuts and crisis. As a member of the Swiss federal administration I shall look at the subject as a policy issue rather than as an institutional management problem.


Assuming that IFOVs of most mixels in a remote sensing image lie on landcover boundaries, in order to estimate landcover proportion high contrasted edges in a mixel IFOV can be approximately considered to locate an edge in a mixel very precisely. A precise edge locator which is based on the moment preserving principle is tested in computer experiments in order to estimate landcover proportion in a mixel in this research. The experiments show that: 1) the estimated landcover proportions were affected by the length of the edges, the noise, the window sizes of the locator and the PSF, 2) the magnitude of errors on long and high contrasted straight edges is almost smaller than 20%, 3) some improvements of the algorithm to estimate landcover proportion in mixels are necessary.<<ETX>>


The invention discloses an engine cold-start preheating device. A heat storing heat exchanger (3) is in a parallel connection with an exhaust pipe (2) of an engine (1), the heat storing heat exchanger (3) is used for storing exhaust air waste heat of the engine (1), the heat storing heat exchanger (3) is in a columnar structure, a plurality of heat storing units are distributed in the heat storing heat exchanger (3), each heat storing unit is a concentric casing pipe (7) which comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, a phase change thermal storage material (8) is encapsulated in annular space between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, two ends of the inner pipe are welded on two flow guide plates (9) respectively, a hollow cavity for enabling cooling water of the engine (1) to flow through is formed by the two flow guide plates (9) and inner walls of the heat storing heat exchanger (3), and the inner walls of the heat storing heat exchanger (3) are located between the two flow guide plates (9). The engine cold-start preheating device has the advantages of being low in costs, small in size, efficient, energy-saving and convenient to popularize and use in a wide range.


Ideological psychological features of the graduate of colleges and universities are quite deferent from that of undergraduates.The ideological educators should adopt scientific educational method in ideological education according to the features of graduates.


The possible role of mucilage in protecting roots from aluminum (Al) injury was investigated in Zea mays L. (cv. Golden Cross Bantam), focusing on binding of Al with mucilage and effects of mucilage on Al toxicity. Al was bound to mucilage after the treatment of roots with 10-50 μM Al for 1 h and 30 μM Al for 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Using molecular sieve chromatography (Sephadex G-100), Al was co-eluted with a high molecular mass sugar and a low molecular mass sugar. The difficulty in desorbing Al from mucilage with organic acids confirmed the strong binding strength of Al by mucilage revealed by 27 Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Al could not be desorbed completely by succinic, malic, oxalic and citric acid at a molar ratio of 1:1. It could only be completely removed by oxalic acid at a molar ratio of 20:1 (oxalate:Al). Bioassay experiments showed that cell viability and callose formation were unaffected by Al bound to mucilage. However, mucilage deprived roots had only 0.21-0.59 nmol apex -1 higher Al content than control roots after treatment with 30 μM Al for 1, 1.5 and 2 h. Moreover, inhibition of root elongation by 5 μM Al for 6, 12, 24 and 36 h was independent of the presence or absence of mucilage prior to the Al treatment. These results indicate that although mucilage affects the accumulation of Al by roots, it does not confer Al resistance to Z. mays root apices.


The study analyse the convergence of research priorities to development issues especially from the agricultural and food sector in terms of environmental protection and improvement of the business climate, due to weak institutional interconnection devices. Two types of data are used: bibliometric data and a survey of enterprises. Altogether, 1214 and 1708 bibliographic references were generated from WoS and Scopus respectively (from a total of 9146 and 10 557 publications) in Agriculture, Food and Environment for the period 1991-2015 subject to the condition that the author or at least one of the authors is affiliated to an institution based in Cameroon. A total of 317 agro-food companies were identified from the National Institute enterprise's census. The overall message is a relative weak convergence between development priorities identified from perceptions over agricultural and food companies and research works expressed in the scientific literature. This reflects the weak link between research institutions (universities, research canter's) and professional milieus that shape entrepreneurship (firms, policy makers) for guidance of scientific production Introduction The renewal of research policies is at the focus of political agendas (national, regional ...) to mobilize the economics of knowledge as a lever to reduce technological inequalities and development. In the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) where the ratio of public research investment out of GNP is generally less than 0.4, this renewal is questioned by the inadequacy of conventional indicators of performance evaluation of science and technology used in industrial countries. Indeed, these indicators compare national research systems across different variables. However, they little focus on the relationship between research and innovation or development process. But the demand for science that meets societal needs is becoming more pressing (Sarewitz and Pielke, 2007; McNie (2007 Rafols and al 2015). This demand, more or less formalized, particularly in LDCs, should "pull" the production of relevant knowledge especially understood as an essential input for the modern economic expansion (Lundvall, 2014). Furthermore, the scientific and technological progress are potential sources of innovation processes in response to societal demands. The achievement of that resource examines the mechanisms of using research results as a factor of population's well-being improvements (Temple and al. 2016). One of these mechanisms is based on the systemic dynamics of innovation enabling to optimize complementarities of different knowledge tools and action strategies between public, private or civil society (Touzard and al. 2015). The reduction of technological and geographical gap observed between middle-income and less advanced countries sometimes referred to as "peripheral" on one hand and the industrialized countries of the OECD on the other hand, is at the heart of development challenges towards sustainable development. One of the structuring research questions posed by the literature on the conditions of the emergence of national innovation systems in developing countries (Temple and al. 2016) is to understand how the supply of scientific knowledge meets the demands of the business sector. We propose to answer by analyzing the convergence of research priorities to development issues detected from the agricultural and food sector in developing countries, like Cameroon. The assumption is that of a weak convergence between the research outcomes and enterprise development stakes particularly in terms of environmental protection and improvement of the business climate, due to weak institutional interconnection devices. The study is divided into two sections. The first section describes the methodology used. It particularly highlights the nonstandard performance indicators of a national research system and the terms of their links. The second section declines the findings and recommendations. It specifies the supply and demand research in Agriculture, Food and Environment (AFE) and examines their degree of correlation. Methodological approach We analyse how research supply meets demand using descriptive statistics and bibliometric from a framework formalized by Sarewitz and Pielke (2007) and McNie, (2007). The demand for research is approximated by the needs and research priorities indicators empirically developed from indirect responses of agricultural and food business managers. The supply for research, in turn, is measured by the relevance of scientific publications produced in the fields of Agriculture and Food and Environment (AFE) by academics, researchers, research centers and other institutions in Cameroon, and international. The topics of interest are identified by keywords: "agriculture", "food" and "environment". Since information on patents were not available, these ones have not been retained. The convergence assessment procedure is done in two steps. Firstly, we determine the indicators of the relevance of topics addressed in scientific production regarding the improvement of the business climate and the environmental protection. Thematic relevance levels are estimated by VOSviewer from the frequency of occurrence of certain terms in a sufficiently large number of documents. For this, bibliometric analysis examined the titles and abstracts of publications. The interest on environmental protection and improvement of the business climate is justified in terms of their presumed impact on the development of developing countries. On one hand, the international agenda post 2015 development gives primary attention to the adaptability of production systems over environmental issues (climate change, pollution, natural resource protection, energy transition) that now appear imperative for any country. Moreover, the Strategic Document for Growth and Employment (SDGE) of the Cameroonian Government and various studies by the World Bank set the improvement of the business climate as a prerequisite for development of industries and economic emergence. In the second step, we examine the correlation between the relevance of the scientific production and business needs. For this, we meet successively the thematic relevance levels associated with improvement of the business climate and environmental protection with indicators of research needs measured in the companies. The measure of research needs indicators detected from companies is based on the calculation of scores of thematic related to the improvement of business climate on one hand and to the percentages of firm's decisions to invest in the protection of a given environment thematic on the other hand. As for the prioritization by the scores, the arbitrary values are assigned (3, 2.5, 2, 1.5 and 1) in descending order with which each company manager identifies five main themes that constitute barriers to improving the business climate: the sum of the scores for each thematic gives its accorded priority. The various business climate and environment protection themes are represented graphically. The x-axis and y-axis respectively indicate the levels of relevance and research needs indicator on thematic. It is thus to assess to what extent the relevance of the theme of the "supply for research" is correlated or not to the indicators of "needs or research priorities of firms." A line of 45 °, dividing the graph into two equal parts is the perfect alignment between research activity and the alleged priorities of research enterprises. Two types of data are used: bibliometric data and a survey of enterprises. Bibliometric data is gotten from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus from the Thomson Reuters and Elsevier publishing companies respectively; these two being the main sources of scientific information in the world (Guz & Rushchitsky, 2009). These data serve as proxy for research activity in Cameroon. Data on scientific research output in AFE is collected for the period 1991-2015 subject to the condition that the author or at least one of the authors is affiliated to an institution based in Cameroon (with a valid address as well). In the search of databases, we focus only on articles and reviews and fine-tune the search using key words such as agriculture, agronomy, food, nutrition or environment. In particular truncation was made to "agriculture *" and "* environment" to have the opportunity to consider terms with other additional characters. Altogether, 1214 and 1708 bibliographic references were generated from WoS and Scopus respectively (from a total of 9146 and 10 557 publications). Table 1 provides details of bibliometric references identified. Table 1. Scientific publications in AFE in Cameroon from 1991 to 2015


Author Identification is the process of identifying a piece of text to ascertain if it has an inherent writing style or pattern based on a certain author. Almost all literary books can be accredited to a certain author since it has been signed. However, there also exist a plethora of unfinished books or manuscripts that could be attributed to a range of possible authors. For example, William Shakespeare has written many plays that have not been signed by him. In order to assess the importance of such texts that do not bear the authors signature, it could be vital to know who was the writer. I plan to solve this dilemma using the characteristics of finite state automata coupled with the ALERGIA algorithm.


Yield characters,plant height and disease-resistance of 14 F1 hybrids with in 14 hybrids heterosis out of 121 hybrid crosses were analyzed.The results showed that all the three yield characters(spike kernels,kernels/head and 1 000-kernel-weights) was at high level.Among the three characters,spike kernels had the biggest contribution to grain yield;while 1 000-kernel-weight had the smallest.Analysis on height and disease-resistance of hybrids and parents indicated that the height of hybrids should better be 88~97 cm,and height of male parent should be 15 cm higher than that of female parent.It was good for getting disease-resistant F1 if one or both parents had disease-resistance.


.........................................................................................iii DEDICATION........................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................................................vi TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................ix LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................xii LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................xiv LIST OF APPENDIX..............................................................................xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 1.1. Problem Statement ............................................................................................... 2 1.2. Toward Responsive Supply Chain Framework .................................................... 4 1.3. Research Questions .............................................................................................. 8 1.4. Expected Contribution........................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER 2: THEORY DEVELOPMENT .................................................................... 13 2.1. Theoretical background ......................................................................................... 13 2.1.1. Value Chain Framework ................................................................................. 13 2.1.2. Order Winner and Order Qualifier .................................................................. 19 2.1.3. Coordination Theory ....................................................................................... 25 2.2. Research Framework ............................................................................................. 29 2.2.1. General Framework ........................................................................................ 29 2.2.2. Research Model .............................................................................................. 31 2.3. Strategy level of responsive supply chain .............................................................. 35 2.3.1. Competitive market environment ................................................................... 36 2.3.2. Responsive Product Strategy .......................................................................... 37 2.4. Coordination level of responsive supply chain ...................................................... 42 2.4.1. Information sharing in supply chain ............................................................... 42 2.4.2. Coordination in Supply Chain ........................................................................ 44


This paper presents a numerical study of radiative transfer in thermal insulation made of hollow cylindrical fibers and of solid fibers coated with thin dielectric films. The radiative properties of the packed fibrous insulation are evaluated from the single-fiber absorption and scattering characteristics that are based on electromagnetic theory. The results show that, for cases of practical interest, hollow fibers have higher backscattered radiation and higher extinction efficiency than solid fibers of the same outside diameter. Thus, insulations made of such are not only of low weight and low heat capacity, but are also more effective in preventing radiative heat loss. Coating solid fibers with thin dielectric films does not appreciably enhance the radiative extinction characteristics, unless the coating is thick or has a high index of refraction.


The purpose of this research is to determine the nursing students' behavior in protecting patient privacy. The descriptive study has been carried out with 511 students studying in the nursing department of a university in March 2020 after the approval of the ethics committee. The research data have been collected using the Student Identification Form and the Patient Privacy Scale. The data have been analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program using statistical Chi square, Kruskal Wallis H test and Spearman correlation test methods. The average of Patient Privacy Scale score has been found to be 4.61 ± 0.47. No significant difference has been found between the total scale score and students' introductory features. It is seen that nursing students have a positive perception about patient privacy. In order to maintain this positive perception, the subject of patient privacy should be kept up to date in theoretical education and clinical practices.


The well-studied problem of statistical rank aggregation has been applied to comparing sports teams, information retrieval, and most recently to data generated by human judgment. Such human-generated rankings may be substantially different from traditional statistical ranking data. In this work, we show that a recently proposed generalized random utility model reveals distinctive patterns in human judgment across three different domains, and provides a succinct representation of variance in both population preferences and imperfect perception. In contrast, we also show that classical statistical ranking models fail to capture important features from human-generated input. Our work motivates the use of more flexible ranking models for representing and describing the collective preferences or decision-making of human participants.


We obtain a complete system of equations describing the interrelated electromagnetic and thermal effects in the intermediate state of superconductors of the first kind. The kinetic coefficients (the resistivity, heat conduction, and thermoelectricity tensors) are calculated for all possible types of structures, i.e., for a layered structure and for filamentary structures with normal and superconducting filaments. Formulas are obtained for the Ettingshausen effect and are in satisfactory agreement with the available experimental data. The rate of motion of the structure under stationary conditions under the influence of current and a temperature gradient is calculated.


Modeling the impact of internal state on sensory processing Grace Wilhelmina Lindsay Perception is the result of more than just the unbiased processing of sensory stimuli. At each moment in time, sensory inputs enter a circuit already impacted by signals of arousal, attention, and memory. This thesis aims to understand the impact of such internal states on the processing of sensory stimuli. To do so, computational models meant to replicate known biological circuitry and activity were built and analyzed. Part one aims to replicate the neural activity changes observed in auditory cortex when an animal is passively versus actively listening. In part two, the impact of selective visual attention on performance is probed in two models: a large-scale abstract model of the visual system and a smaller, more biologically-realistic one. Finally in part three, a simplified model of Hebbian learning is used to explore how task context comes to impact prefrontal cortical activity. While the models used in this thesis range in scale and represent diverse brain areas, they are all designed to capture the physical processes by which internal brain states come to impact sensory processing.


Network traffic anomaly detection is a critical means to detect network attacks, and plays a very important role in ensuring network security. However, existing network traffic anomaly detection methods rely on large-scale, well-labeled, class-balanced datasets, which are difficult to apply in practical application. Thus, this paper proposes a few shot network traffic anomaly detection method, called "SN-IDS". "SN-IDS" includes a raw traffic encoding module and a convolution based siamese net(CSNet). The raw traffic encoding module converts the traffic into 3D images. The CSNet uses 3D convolution operations to extract the feature vectors of different traffic sessions from the 3D images and compares them in a metric way to detect anomalies. Experiments on the CICIDS2017 dataset show that the detection accuracy of our proposed method in the 5-shot scenario exceeds the current state-of-the-art methods.


Advances in stem cell biology over the last two decades have provided new insights into cancer biology. Tumors show marked heterogeneity in morphology, proliferation rates, genetic lesions and therapeutic response. Thus, not all tumor cells are equal. This heterogeneity is even seen in an individual tumor that is clonal. The cellular and molecular basis for tumor heterogeneity represents a fundamental problem for cancer researchers. What controls the tumor cells? Are they responding to external and internal influences or are they a caricature of normal adult tissue that retains a hierarchical organization with stem cells at the top? Recent work with cancer stem cells suggests that there may not be one unifying theory to explain tumor heterogeneity. Both clonal evolution and the cancer stem cell model may be complicated by the plasticity of the cancer stem cell. Despite these theoretical arguments, the cancer stem cell model is vital to cancer research, especially in explaining tumor heterogeneity. The following overview will focus on cancer stem cells and the culture systems for growing and studying these cells. Particular focus will be on the variety of extracellular matrix substrates used to analyze the growth properties and behavior of cancer stem cells, including both in vitro and in vivo models. Author: Marguerite Kosovsky, Ph.D.


We are developing an immersive learning support system for paleontological environments in museums. The system measures the body movement of the learner using a Kinect sensor, and provides a sense of immersion in the paleontological environment. Conventional systems are only able to recognize simple body movements, which is insufficient to completely immerse learners in the paleontological environment. On the other hand, when they need to perform complicated body movements, learners move their bodies eagerly while thinking. This emphasizes the importance of developing a sub-system capable of recognizing complicated body movements. In this paper, we describe a sub-system developed to recognize the body movement of the most important learner in the immersive learning support system.


The integrated cross section σ for a special type of double polarized proton-deuteron scattering constitutes a null test for time-invariance violating but P-parity conserving effects. Using Glauber theory for the pd elastic scattering and different types of phenomenological T-odd P-even NN-interactions we show that the contribution of the lowest mass meson exchange, i.e. the ρ-meson, to the null-test signal σ vanishes. Variation of the cross section σ due to strong hadronic and Coulomb interaction is studied and its energy dependence is calculated in the GeV region.


The experiences outlined in this paper are not new or unique to Brisbane. Traffic problems in residential streets exist throughout the world and traffic engineers and planners are labouring continually to address the issue. What has been shown here though is that local areas are able to be treated with some level of success, especially where speed and through traffic are involved. However, in most cases, the solutions are expensive and involve some trade-off between drivers and residents. Because of these trade-offs, it is imperative that the community be consulted in developing a scheme, but the consultation needs to be managed carefully so as not to raise unrealistic expectations. However, these solutions can only be regarded as interim "fixes" to a major community problem. Urban society expects to be provided with a reasonable level of travel quality and is ingenious in achieving desired standards by whatever means are available. Until this demand can be modified, or catered for in some suitable way, residential streets will remain threatened.


Research in automatic speech recognition has been done for almost four decades. Over the past decades, the development of speech recognition applications gives invaluable contributions. Speech has the potential to be a better interface than other computing devices used such as keyboard or mouse. This project aims to develop automated English digits speech recognition system. The project relies heavily on the well known and widely used statistical method in characterizing the speech pattern, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM), which provides a highly reliable way for recognizing speech. This project discusses the theory of HMM and then extends the ideas to the development and implementation by applying this method in computational speech recognition. Basically, the system is able to recognize the spoken utterances by translating the speech waveform into a set of feature vectors using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) technique, which then estimates the observation likelihood by using the Forward algorithm. The HMM parameters are estimated by applying the Baum Welch algorithm on previously trained samples. The most likely sequence is then decoded using Viterbi algorithm, thus producing the recognized word. This project focuses on all English digits from (Zero through Nine), which is based on isolated words structure. Two modules were developed, namely the isolated words speech recognition and the continuous speech recognition. Both modules were tested in both clean and noisy environments and showed relatively successful recognition rates. In clean environment and isolated words speech recognition module, the multi-speaker mode achieved 99.5% whereas the speaker-independent mode achieved 79.5%. In clean environment and continuous speech recognition module, the multi-speaker mode achieved 70% whereas the speaker-independent mode achieved 55%. However in noisy environment and isolated words speech recognition module, the multi-speaker mode achieved 88% whereas the speaker-independent mode achieved 67%. In noisy environment and continuous speech recognition module, the multi-speaker mode achieved 92.5% whereas the speaker-independent mode achieved 75%. These recognition rates are relatively successful if compared to similar systems.


To explore the optimal design method for main support structure of micro satellite, this paper proposed a method targeting the random acceleration response RMS value of the space camera installation position when design the main support structure of LQ-video satellite in Jilin-1 group satellites. Camera main support structure optimization mathematical model was established, and the thickness and flexible beam position of the flexible beam support structure has been optimized in the establishment of the optimization mathematical model. When the flexible beam thickness is 2.5 mm, and the distance between it and the support structure mounting surface is 94.5 mm, the camera installation point acceleration response root mean square (RMS) value is minimal. Engineering analysis showed that the maximal random response RMS of the camera installation point is 19.6 grms and the maximal relative magnification is 0.93. The camera mechanics test showed that the maximal relative error of finite element analysis and experimental measurements is 4.0 % and the maximal relative magnification of the response is 1.2 which is less than the overall index 1.5. It proved that the optimization method is effective and feasible.


In this study, we report changes in the carrier concentration of high resistivity Si wafers after rapid thermal annealing (RTA) anneals measured by spreading resistance technique. Spreading resistance technique (SRP) profiles clearly show the generation of donor centers with concentrations and depth distributions comparable to those of vacancy‐related centers reported in the literature. Changes of carrier concentrations as a function of RTA temperature, duration, ramp down rate, and subsequent annealing in the 800–1000 °C range are consistent with the earlier literature data. The influence of annealing ambient is also studied. Annealing in pure Ar atmosphere leads to profiles dominated by in‐diffusion of vacancies generated at the surface, while annealing in oxidized ambient results in well‐known profiles controlled by out‐diffusion of vacancies generated in the wafer bulk. Studies of the wafers with different oxygen content show that the concentration of the generated donors is directly proportional to Oi concentration.


This work is a dance that sculpts language to illustrate pedagogical relationship between people and place/Land/Capilano University. The threads of the dance are woven throughout, with the sharing of the personal, through excerpts of poetry, to open up generative dialogical spaces. Freire's democratic and political culture circles, or discussion groups, are given attention as an alternative to passive or authoritarian forms of pedagogy. But it is Indigenous knowledges that take the forefront through an embodied pedagogy of Land and the wisdoms within it, as discussed by Styres, Haig-Brown and Blimkie, and by Simpson. Land in a pedagogy of Land includes all of our environment -- water, earth and air -- and brings a focus of Land as first teacher, and how this speaks to pedagogical relationship. There are storied reflections upon what it means to be a Eurocentric colonial settler embedded in Indigenous unceded territory, and entangled in the history of the Land of Capilano University and the surrounding area. Some intriguing connections are made between Indigenous wisdoms and the world of quantum physics, and are interesting to consider in advancing technoscientific times. Of importance is that any movement to Indigenize education holds wenaxws (respect) for the context and protocols of the Indigenous peoples and the knowledges shared. Integrating Indigenous knowledges with westernized views can be a time of decolonizing transition where the new comes to meet the old. A fluid spiritual pedagogy of Land is part of ancient wisdom of listening and responding to Land from the heart, and may be enacted through setting foot on the Land, as well as engaging in a multitude of artistic experiences, ceremonies and rituals that activate spiritual life forces.


Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by a decrease in social interaction, communication, creativity, imagination and organization of daily living activities of those who have this condition. Empathy is a skill related to understanding the feelings of other people, which is an important element of social relationships. Currently in Chile there are no software applications that support the development of empathy in autistic children by taking advantage of the characteristics of multi-touch devices. For this reason, this study presents the development of such software. Due to the specific characteristics and needs of the target user, the User Centered Design methodology was used to guide the design process. This article presents the stages of the design process and describes the developed application. We also discuss the lessons learned during the process.


Spelling is influenced by implicit cues, but less is known about variability in this reliance. We assessed whether the influence of three implicit cues on Dutch past tense spelling was moderated by grade, literacy, and format. An Auditory infinitive, Written infinitive, and Picture+cloze format was com-pleted by 68 third-graders and 47 sixth-graders. The implicit cues voicing probability and token frequency affected accuracy, especially in Grade 6 and in children with higher literacy skills. There was no task format effect. This shows that children ' s inflection accuracy is affected by implicit cues, but the degree of reliance on these cues is variable.


The evaluation of the design, implementation and results of the training programme "school of diversity: training materials for teachers" (Morina, 2008) is the central theme of this article. This program is organized on three axes: inclusive education, collaboration and training school. In this regard, the contents of the training programme have been made from the conditions and characteristics of facilities that develop inclusive practices, turning the methodology around strategies based on collaboration and reflection group. To evaluate the programme has resorted to a qualitative approach, appearing in this paper evaluation conducted by a group of teachers from a Primary School. In particular, information is presented according to the following structure: an initial evaluation of needs, evaluating the design of the program, evaluating the implementation and evaluation carried out final appreciates the impact of that program. Finally, the conclusions reflect on how these training materials can help create inclusive practices.


This paper tests the hypothesis that a glass ceiling phenomenon exists in the Spanish labor market -that as women rise in the professional hierarchy, they face increasing obstacles for promotion. Taking data from the Spanish Survey on Quality of Life at Work (ECVT) for 2001, a number of indicators were selected for promotion: "number of promotions", "supervision levels", "number of people supervised" and "net wage". The relative gaps were calculated for each of the intervals (categories) for these variables, in order of size, starting with the smallest. These measure the percentage by which women's participation would have to increase in order to reach the level that would exist if there were no discrimination (the latter being calculated, in line with the Oaxaca decomposition, by evaluating women's endowments in the model estimated for men, for whom it is assumed there is no gender discrimination). In order to calculate these relative gaps, for each of the indicators one model was estimated for women and one for men. The ordered probit model was used to calculate the probabilities (or theoretic frequencies) for the presence of women/men at each of the intervals considered. The results indicated that, in all cases, the relative gap tends to increase as the intervals rise. This might indicate the presence of a glass ceiling problem. The paper has four sections. The first covers the existing literature on the glass ceiling phenomenon. The second examines the main characteristics of the data and shows some preliminary results. The third presents the ordered probit model used to estimate the women's and men's equations. The fourth shows the main results. The closing section gives some conclusions.


As a model of"cultural awareness",the reappearance of Dongba culture in the context of tourism reflects not only local and traditional return trend under the perspective of globalization,but also the resurgence of local ethnic group consciousness.The paper,through investigating Dongba culture from academic field to the process of tourism revitalization,questions the ethnic cultural position of Dongba culture,making trial rethinking of cultural " reproduction " and " cultural awareness"under tourist context.


In the post-modern age, consumers have developed strong relationships with brands as brands have become significant tools that are deliberately picked up by consumers to manifest their ideal self-image to others. Hence, one of the most crucial characteristics of a brand is its personality and the level of its congruence with its target market. Brand personality has become a widely-used element in brand positioning and communication strategies. In most academic studies, the dimensional structure of brand personality is assessed and the main personality trait with the highest score is accepted as the brand personality characteristic to be highlighted in marketing communication strategies. This study focuses on the effects of each dimension of brand personality on brand image, brand loyalty and willingness to recommend the brand to others in order to be able to determine which trait should be communicated in integrated marketing communications. The study was conducted on 4410 female respondents in Turkey. An online survey was applied. The results show that although the dominant brand personality trait was found to be a particular one; the most effective traits on brand loyalty, brand image and willingness to recommend the brand to others were completely different.


According the general guidance issued by the Ministry of Education and the principle of promote development through evaluation, Tsinghua University takes undergraduate teaching evaluation as both an opportunity and a drive, upholds the idea of fostering talent as the core mission of the University, and reinforces the central role of teaching in the University. Tsinghua also enhances innovative talents fostering of the research university through carrying forward its traditions, reforms and innovations. Moreover, Tsinghua consolidates teaching management, improves education quality assurance system, and hence strengthens undergraduate teaching and raises the quality in fostering talent.


Active queue management (AQM) is a group of FIFO based queue management mechanisms in a router to support end-to-end congestion control in the Internet. Until random early detection (RED) was proposed by the internet engineering task force (IETF) for deploying[1], FIFO based tail drop (TD) was the only AQM mechanism used in the network. Two main functions are used in AQM: one is the congestion indicator (i.e., how to detect congestion) and the other is the congestion control function (i.e., how to avoid and control congestion). TD mechanism uses the instantaneous queue length as a congestion indicator, and drops packets when the buffer becomes full. However, it has been shown that TD has two well-known drawbacks, the lock-out and full queue phenomena [1], even though it is simple and easy to implement.


The advent of space-based photometry missions in the early 21st century enabled the application to asteroseismic data of advanced inference techniques until then restricted to the field of helioseismology. The high quality of the observations, the discovery of mixed modes in evolved solar-like oscillators and the need for an improvement in the determination of stellar fundamental parameters such as mass, radius and age led to the development of sophisticated modelling tools, amongst which seismic inversions play a key role. In this review, we will discuss the existing inversion techniques for the internal structure of distant stars adapted from helio-to asteroseismology. We will present results obtained for various Kepler targets, their coupling to other existing modelling techniques as well as the limitations of seismic analyses and the perspectives for future developments of these approaches in the context of the current TESS and the future PLATO mission, as well as the exploitation of the mixed modes observed in post-main sequence solar-like oscillators, for which variational formulations might not provide sufficient accuracy.


A second occurrence of the Cu–Pb–Bi sulfosalt larosite, ideally (Cu,Ag) 21 PbBiS 13 , is described from Cu–Ag vein mineralization associated with an amphibolite dyke at Tinnsja, southern Norway. The host assemblage consists of bornite – chalcocite – magnetite – wittichenite (± chalcopyrite, digenite, stromeyerite) and closely resembles that from the type locality Larosite crystals present an acicular morphology ( 20.47 Ag 3.68 Fe 0.22 Pb 1.01 Bi 1.06 S 15.00 calculated on the basis of 15 S atoms.


Recent studies have argued that different types of patients are affected differently by changes in malpractice pressure, which could explain conflicting evidence from the literature regarding the impact of tort reform. This paper argues that defensive medicine causes these differential effects. It constructs a model of defensive medicine predicting that reduced malpractice pressure results in decreased health care spending among patients with good access to care, but increased spending among those with poor access. This theory is tested by estimating the effects of various tort reforms on the incidence of birth by cesarean section. The findings support the predictions of the model, uncovering differential effects consistent with the practice of defensive medicine. For example, noneconomic damages decrease C-section rates by 3% for mothers with timely initiation of prenatal care, but increase them by 5% for mothers with late or no prenatal care. Further estimation of the effects on access proxies and prevalence of birth abnormalities suggests that tort reform (i) improves access to health care for vulnerable populations, and (ii) reduces utilization among well-served populations.


I. Causative Agent and Disease VI. Prognosis for Host An external skin and/or gill infection is caused by long, non-motile, Gramnegative bacterial rods that are sharply pointed at both ends. The bacteria, commonly referred to as fusobacteria, infect cultured salmonid fish in fresh water during periods of very cold water temperatures, usually less than 5°C. Infection produces excessive mucus externally and on the gills causing respiratory distress.


What are atmospheric rivers? Atmospheric rivers are constantly moving, narrow filamentary bands of intense water vapor transport through the lower atmosphere. In a modeling study, Zhu and Newell (1998) found that more than 90% of the meridional poleward water vapor transport in the midlatitudes takes place in these narrow corridors constituting less than 10% of the earth's circumference and established the term atmospheric river. As such, atmospheric rivers play a critical role in the global hydrologic cycle. Previous work at the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (Ralph et al., 2004) developed objective criteria to identify atmospheric river events in integrated water vapor (IWV) retrievals from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). As shown to the right, the rivers are identified as narrow bands of less than 1000 km in width with IWV values of 2 cm or greater extending over distances of at least 2000 km.


Petungkriyono forest is a tropical rainforest with high biodiversity. The increasing tourism activities in Petungkriyono lead to land conversion. Dragonfly (order Odonata) is a good bioindicator for aquatic and terrestrial. This study aimed to compare the community structure of Odonata in natural forests and tourist sites. The method of collecting imago Odonata was done by direct searching, samples were captured using sweep netting. The results showed that the dragonflies found in all locations consisted of the same family, 2 families (Gomphidae and Libellulidae) from the suborder Anisoptera and 6 families (Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Coenagrionidae, Euphaidae Platycnemididae, and Platystictidae) from the suborder Zygoptera. The total species of dragonflies found in Sokokembang were 15 species with a total of 293 individuals, Tirta Muncar 13 species of 287 individuals, Karanggondang 17 species of 276 individuals, and Curug Lawe 14 species of 242 individuals. The highest relative abundance of individuals was in the natural forest of Sokokembang is Drepanosticta spatulifera (26.28%) and in Karanggondang Vestalis luctuosa (24.64%), while in the tourist forests of Tirta Muncar and Curug Lawe were Euphaea variegata (34.84% and 28.51 %). The structure of the Odonata community is based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index in the natural forests of Sokokembang (2.18) and Karanggondang (2.21) at the tourist sites of Tirta Muncar (1.84) and Curug Lawe (2.11). The results showed that the structure of the Odonata community based on the level of the diversity index value, evenness index, and dominance index in natural forests and tourist sites in Petungkriyono forest was not significantly different.


Deeply exploring the formation path of tourists' environmentally responsible behavior is of great significance to standardize tourists' behavior and protect the environment of grassland tourist attractions. In this paper, an integrated model that mainly discussed two parts was explored by the stimulus–organism–response (S‐O‐R) theory adopting structural equation model (SEM) and multi‐group analysis (MGA). The first part is the direct role of the service quality, subjective norms, and environmental knowledge in motivating tourists' behavioral attitude and place attachment, as well as the indirect role of those three variables in shaping environmentally responsible behavior. As the second part, the potential moderating influence of visitor gender on the model is also discussed extensively in the paper. According to a survey of grassland tourists (n = 484) from Gansu and Qinghai provinces in China, it could be found that both environmental knowledge through behavioral attitude and service quality through local attachment have indirectly influence on environmentally responsible behavior. Direct and indirect effects of subjective norms on environmentally responsible behavior exist, and the indirect effects are based on behavioral attitude and local attachments. There is a significant moderating effect of gender on the effects of environmental knowledge on behavioral attitude, service quality, and subjective norms on place attachment. Finally, the future research directions were proposed based on existing limitations.


The number of clinics in existence within higher education institutions has continued to proliferate in recent years. The 2011 LawWorks1 report examining the pro bono work undertaken within Universities in the United Kingdom found that at least 61 per cent of all Law schools now offer pro bono activities to their students,2 with 40 respondents offering clinic. This compares with 53 per cent of respondents offering pro bono activity and 11 respondents offering clinical activities in 2006. This evidence suggests that an increasing number of Law Schools recognise the benefits of clinic to students. However, the arrival of a new era in higher education funding arguably requires some reflection on (and perhaps greater articulation of) those benefits and the priorities of clinic activity overall, in order to ensure that the expectations of the key clinic stakeholders (the hosting institution, student volunteers and participating members of the public) are met. Concerns that the significant reduction in state funding for higher education will impact adversely on institutional resources is well-documented and at an institutional level there is likely to be increased scrutiny of the efficiency of devoting scarce resources to clinic activity in a climate of lower (or potentially lower) income streams and leaner budgets. Similarly, some students are likelyto exhibit a heightened sense of wanting value for money in their expectations of clinical education and may well demand greater input in the design of clinic activity. Against this, there has been a general and significant reduction in funding for the provision of free legal advice and an associated increased demand amongst the general public for quality free legal advice and access to justice. Therefore, for new and established clinicians alike, the post-2012 era provides the opportunity for, if not necessitates, reflection on the expectations and ambitions of the three key clinic stakeholders (the host institution, the student volunteers and the general public) and, particularly, the question of whether they are sufficiently aligned with each other and the priorities of the clinic activity in place. Arguably, the possibility of conflicting priorities for clinic originating from these key stakeholders and methods of resolving them has featured little in the academic commentary. This paper seeks to contribute to such a debate by offering some insights into resolving these tensions. Taking the interests of each stakeholder in turn, this paper discusses methods of maximising the efficiency of administering the clinic and managing student expectations.


With state planners working to address primary care shortages and federal graduate medical education payment reform looming, regional retention statistics for family medicine residency programs are a subject of high interest. Using the 2009 American Medical Association Physician Masterfile, we found that 56% of family medicine residents stay within 100 miles of where they graduate from residency.


Abstract The organophosphorus insecticide-resistant predatory phytoseiid mite Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) was released into the Lincoln College apple orchard for control of European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), in the 1976-77 and 1977-78 seasons. Releases into trees in mid December resulted in predator establishment and control of P. ulmi. There were no differences in establishment between trees with white clover-dominant ground cover and trees with bare ground beneath them. In the season following release, A. fallacis appeared in the trees too late to effectively control P. ulmi. Bare ground beneath the trees resulted in predators appearing earlier and reaching greater numbers compared to the white clover-dominant ground cover treatment. A. fallacis was found to colonise the centre of the tree first, moving late in the season to the outer fruiting clusters. The twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, was found to be an important alternative food source, particularl...


Abstract This research project addressed the overall research question: "Is there a difference across cultures in the perceived traits of gifted behavior?" A survey was used to identify traits of gifted behavior generally recognized within the United States, and to compare those traits with perceived indicators of gifted behavior implicitly found within the context of nine foreign cultures. The survey was translated into eight languages, and administered to 1.965 university students majoring in education or psychology representing 23 universities in ten countries. International participants in the research included the United States of America, the Western European countries of England, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain, and the Asian countries of Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. Variables included individual gifted traits, and conceptual clusters of cognitive, achievement, motivation, creativity, socio-emotional, and existential qualities. The data also compared education versus psychology, gender, individualistic versus collectivist culture, religion, and the level of involvement in gifted education.


Several estimators of population differentiation have been proposed in the recent past to deal with various types of genetic markers (i.e., allozymes, nucleotide sequences, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, or microsatellites). We discuss the relationships among these estimators and show how a single analysis of variance framework can accomodate these qualitatively different data types.


This paper presents selected numerical results obtained using a macroscopic blood coagulation model coupled with a non-linear viscoelastic model for blood flow. The governing system is solved using a central finitevolume scheme employing an explicit Runge-Kutta time-integration. An artificial compressibility method is used to resolve the pressure. A non-linear TVD filter is applied for stabilization. A simple test case of blood flow over a clotting surface in a straight 3D vessel is solved. This work merges and significantly extends our previous studies (Bodnár and Sequeira, 2008) and (Bodnár et al., 2011a).


In this paper, we address the problem of how to efficiently sample the radiated field in the framework of near-field measurement techniques. In particular, the aim of the article is to find a sampling strategy for which the discretized model exhibits the same singular values of the continuous problem. The study is done with reference to a strip current whose radiated electric field is observed in the near zone over a bounded line parallel to the source. Differently from far zone configurations, the kernel of the related eigenvalue problem is not of convolution type, and not band-limited. Hence, the sampling-theory approach cannot be directly applied to establish how to efficiently collect the data. In order to surmount this drawback, we first use an asymptotic approach to explicit the kernel of the eigenvalue problem. After, by exploiting a warping technique, we recast the original eigenvalue problem in a new one. The latter, if the observation domain is not too large, involves a convolution operator with a band-limited kernel. Hence, in this case the sampling-theory approach can be applied, and the optimal locations of the sampling points can be found. Differently, if the observation domain is very extended, the kernel of the new eigenvalue problem is still not convolution. In this last case, in order to establish how to discretize the continuous model, we perform a numerical analysis.


In this article we survey the evolution of Biblical Hebrew linguistics in South Africa during the last six decades—its dependence upon and contribution to European and American developments and its distinct contributions to the field. Three eras can be distinguished. In the first era, the study of Biblical Hebrew in South Africa was primarily philological in nature and both teaching grammars and research focused mainly on grammar and specifically phonetics, word formation and vocabulary. In the second era, the study of Biblical Hebrew in South Africa was heavily influenced by the new developments in Europe and the USA concerning linguistics and especially the influence in the fields of Biblical Hebrew syntax and discourse analysis. In the third era, Biblical Hebrew linguistics in South Africa contributes to the development of the field by taking into account the complexity of Biblical Hebrew as a language. The description and explanation of the nature of the verbless clause, and specifically the tripartite and left dislocated verbless clause in Biblical Hebrew are discussed as a case in point both of the development of linguistics and Biblical Hebrew in South Africa and of the impact of linguistics on exegesis and Bible translation.


The utility model relates to a television cabinet with a lifting frame, which comprises a television cabinet main body, a stand column which is in a pipe structure, and a television support. The television cabinet with the lifting frame is characterized in that a lifting mechanism is arranged in the stand column and comprises a lifting shaft arranged in the stand column, a lead screw, a ferrule, a positioning slide block, a frame, a bevel gear pair and a driving rocking handle, the frame is installed at the bottom of the stand column, the shaft lever of the driven gear of the bevel gear pair is rotatably fixed at the top of the frame, the driving gear of the bevel gear pair is connected with one end of the driving rocking handle, the other end of the driving rocking handle penetrates out of the stand column, the lower end of the lead screw is fixed on the shaft lever of the driven gear, the lead screw is in threaded connection with the female threads of the lifting shaft, the ferrule is installed at the upper end of the stand column, the upper end of the lifting shaft penetrates out of the ferrule and is fixedly connected with the television support, vertically arranged lifting grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the stand column, guide posts are arranged on the positioning slide block, the positioning slide block is fixedly installed on the lifting shaft, and the guide posts are connected with the lifting grooves in a matching way. By using the television cabinet with the lifting frame, the height of a television can be adjusted.


Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts are of importance for electrochemical water splitting and fuel generation. Despite enormous efforts, the design and development of OER catalysts with high catalytic activities under neutral conditions are highly desired but still remain a great challenge. Herein, we report a room temperature chemical route to prepare xceria/cobalt borate (xCeO2/Co–Bi) hybrids as efficient OER catalysts by tuning the molar ratio of Ce/Co (x represents the amount of CeO2). The optimised catalyst (20CeO2/Co–Bi hybrid) was found to exhibit remarkable OER catalytic activity with an overpotential of 453 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, Tafel slope of 120 mV dec−1 and long-term stability in neutral medium due to its good conductivity, mass transportation and strong synergetic coupling effects, showing the potential of Co-based electrochemical materials for practical application in energy storage devices.


Background: Coronavirus 2019 was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Bereft of specific treatment for the disease, vaccinations and COVID appropriate behavior have come to be the main approaches to combat the pandemic. A number of vaccines have been approved after clearing clinical trials. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the safety profile of each vaccine for ensuring optimum health of the general population. This study was conducted to evaluate the adverse events following CoviShield vaccination in a tertiary care center.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the pattern of adverse effects, treatment given, and comorbidities seen in healthcare workers (HCW) who reported to the adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring center in the department of pharmacology Government T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha, following CoviShield vaccination from January 2021 to October 2021.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was carried out at Department of Pharmacology, GTDMCA involving all HCW who reported side effects following CoviShield vaccination in the ADR monitoring centre (AMC) in the Department of Pharmacology, GTDMCA from January 2021 to Oct 2021.

Results: Out of 620 HCWs who reported adverse event following vaccination, majority (45%) were from the age group 21–30 years. About 83% of HCWs who reported adverse effect were women. Majority of the respondents (96%) experienced the adverse effects within 24 h. About 88% of respondents experienced these adverse effects after the initial dose alone. Commonly encountered adverse effects were fever (57%), headache (43%), myalgia (38%) etc. Hypertension (7%) was the most common comorbidity seen. Majority of the beneficiaries (70%) took paracetamol for the treatment of the adverse effect.

Conclusion: Majority of the vaccinated HCWs experienced minor and self-limiting adverse event following immunization (AEFI) with Chimpanzee Adenovirus Oxford novel CoronaVirus-19. No serious AEFI were reported to the AMC. Despite the record speed at which the vaccine has been developed, it has shown to have a good safety profile considering the millions of doses that have been administered.


The purposeofthis letter is to address a report that appeared in the May 1994 issue of your journal, written by Huang and Lin (EndolymphaticSac Ballooning Surgery for Meniere's Disease, Ann OtolRhinol LaryngoI1994;103:389-94).In Table 4 of their paper, which appears on page 392, they show the results of endolymphatic sac ballooning surgery as primary surgery and results of previous endolymphatic sac surgery using various nonballooning techniques. On the basis of this Table they conclude that sacballooning is moreeffective than nonballooning.Indeed, comparing the percentage in each class from A to 0, the percentages are higher in the ballooning group for the favorable outcomes and lower in the ballooning group for the least favorable outcome. However, a statistical analysis using a 4 x 2 contingency table shows a X2 of 6.215, df= 3, p = .101. The authors conclude that ballooning surgery was more effective then their nonballooning techniques. However, the differences were not statistically significant.


The determination of minimum ignition energy of dust clouds involves two parts - methods of measurement of this parameter and the analysis of the factors influencing it. There has been number of investigations on first aspect but there still remains the work to be done on the second. A simple theoretical model has been proposed for predicting this parameter in terms of various dust and system characteristics. the explosion of a mixture of flammable dust-air is a complex problem affected by a large number of parameters. This work gives direction to further model development for investigations of practical explosion problems intiated by electric spark.


This paper presents a multistage multipass method to identify the damage location of a continuous bridge from the response of a vehicle moving on the rough road surface of the bridge. The vehicle runs over the bridge several times at different velocities and the corresponding responses of the vehicle can be obtained. The vertical accelerations of the vehicle running on the intact and damaged bridges are used for identification. The multistage damage detection method is implemented by the modal strain energy based method and genetic algorithm. The modal strain energy based method estimates the damage location by calculating a damage indicator from the frequencies extracted from the vehicle responses of both the intact and damaged states of the bridge. At the second stage, the identification problem is transformed into a global optimization problem and is solved by genetic algorithm techniques. For each pass of the vehicle, the method can identify the location of the damage until it is determined with acceptable accuracy. A two-span continuous bridge is used to verify the method. The numerical results show that this method can identify the location of damage reasonably well.


The present invention relates to a variable valve timing apparatus including: an actuator housing having a given space portion at the inside thereof; an upper plunger insertedly mounted inside the upper portion of the actuator housing in such a manner as to move upward and downward; a lower plunger insertedly mounted inside the lower portion of the actuator housing in such a manner as to allow the upper plunger to move upward and downward; an oil chamber formed to allow oil to be circulated upwardly and downwardly or to allow the flow of oil to be blocked through a head formed on the top end periphery of the upper plunger in accordance with the upward and downward movements of the upper plunger; and a communicating passage portion adapted to allow the upper and lower end portions of the oil chamber to communicate with each other in accordance with the upward and downward movements of the lower plunger and to adjust the flow of oil flowing thereon to control the speeds of the upward and downward movements of the upper plunger.


An 84‐year‐old man, with a medical history of dilated cardiomyopathy, was admitted to our hospital with a nodular lesion in his right axilla of 6 weeks' duration. There was no history of weight loss, nausea, or vomiting. Physical examination revealed a red–violet axillary nodule, 7 cm in diameter and 3 cm thick, with an ulcerated surface ( Fig. 1 ). A palpable right adenopathy was also found. The rest of the physical examination was normal.


CASE v.-Pulmonary En2 bolism.7 This man was first seen on January 21st, 1927, with a primary syphilitic sore. He was treated at the London Hospital with 'sveii weekly injections of novarsenobillon; the last six doses were 0.9 gram. Early in March he had some irritation of the neck, which he treated with iodine, and on March 6th he was admitted with exfoliative dermatitis. lHe became extremely ill with high fever, delirium, and albuminaturia-, he recovered from this, but his nasal septum perforated. OnApril 7th hie complained of smiall boils on the left axillae and right groin. I examined hin at 2 p.m. on April 12th, when he seemed fairly well, able to sit up in bed unassisted, tongue moist, pulse 80 regular, and exfoliation confined to the scalp, palms, anod -feet. At 10 o'clock that ig.ht he complained of distress in his chest, he became unconscious, ayanotic, and died within five minutes. No p)ost-mortenrl examination was permitted, but the symptoms were sufficiently definite of ,Iulmonary embolism from a clot dislodged from the iliac veins. I have recorded uncommon but important ill effects followitig the administration of salvarsan rellmedies for syphilis. The knowledge of these possibilities makes it impl)ortant that no practitioner should undertake the intravenous salvarsan therapy of syphilis without having facilities for immediate transference of his patients from anll ambulatory clinic to a ward. The knowledge of these possibilities must be brought before the attention of the public if public support is to be sought for the compulsory treatment of venereal disease. Otlserwise there will arise a feeling of resentment among the -uninstructed slhould a severe accident or a fatality follow' the compulsory administration of these most important lbut toxic remedies.


We theoretically implement the protocol of continuous variable quantum teleportation wherein Alice and Bob share a state built by a linear beam splitter as general two-mode Gaussian entangled state. Using the non-classicality and purity of the two single-mode Gaussian states employed initially at the input of the beam splitter, the unknown state teleportation protocol is explicitly implemented in terms of squeezing and phase space quadratures. We show that fidelity of the teleported state is maximal when the gain factor g is equal to 1 and gradually decreases when g deviates from 1 on either side. We further find that teleportation fidelity decreases when one of the input states of the beam splitter is replaced by the state of thermal photons.


Covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA) is a template for replication of hepatitis B(HB) virus and a main cause for persistent infection in patients with chronic HB.Nucleosides as drugs can not remove the virus completely so as to treat HB effectively,since they have no inhibitory effect on cccDNA.This paper reviews the latest advance in research and detection of cccDNA of HBV.


Vehicle drivers are requested to collect dynamic visual information on such matters as other vehicles and traffic signals, and static visual information including traffic signs, and to maneuver the vehicle accordingly. However, traffic signs and other static visual information are more likely to be overlooked than dynamic visual information during maneuver. In this study, an in-vehicle signing system was built and assessed that uses general-purpose RFID tags as digital traffic signs, and a field test was conducted using tags installed on a road to verify whether the system worked effectively or not. A laboratory test was also carried out using a video of vehicle travel to have subjects experience maneuver. Then, it was found that providing visual and vocal information in the vehicle was effective. And In-vehicle navigation permits people to find their way while driving. Combining these applications with road traffic data may result in diminishing traveling time. In this paper we deal with the problem of vehicle routing on today's congested roads. The result of this study is a Web application that provides the user with two possibilities.


Coating is a significant basic technology in the field of chemical engineering and in Japan, VOF(Volume Of Fluid)method has been frequently applied to the coating industry to analyze free surface of the coating bead. This analysis method can reproduce various coating defects such as air entrainment, ribbing, rivulet, chatter, non-uniformity of layer thickness near the coating edge, and so on. Furthermore, the operability win-dow of coating, quantitative correlation between coating conditions and state of coating defects, shows well similar phenomena to the actual coating. Thus the coating analysis method can provide the investigation of the cause of coating defects and the estimation of coating defects under coating conditions without experi-ence, and recently is available to design the optimum coating condition mainly in the electronic materials industry. Now this method is applied to the monolayer coating with slot coating system in general and we expect to be applied to the multilayer simultaneous coating in the near future. On the other hand, in the field of paper making industry, the fluid structure interaction analysis method is applied to the analysis of blade coating and can reproduce the behavior of the coating layer formed under nip pressure with elastic materials e.g. blade and rubber roll, while the penetration of coating material to base paper does not be taken into account. However, on the analysis for printing process, penetration model has already reproduced the behavior when liquid penetrates to porous paper, and the next target is application of this model to the blade coating. In addition, we may expect the following themes:1)the investigation of the behavior of solid fine particles in coating color with the application of fluid discrete element method interaction analysis and 2)moreover, the investigation of the behavior of fiber in paper making process with the analysis of fine fiber that consists of bonded particles aggregated softly.


Metaquartzite from Serra da Garraia and Zebras were studied. These rocks belong to the "Upper Quartzite Formation" of the "Parautochthonous Complex". They are light grey and present, sometimes, a brownish patina. The quarries range from 2 to 10m high and 25 to 40m long. This study consists on the petrographic, chemical and physical-mechanical characterization of these rocks, aiming the determination of their potential as natural stone. The petrographic studies revealed that the rocks are formed by quartz and white mica and accessory opaque minerals (titanomagnetite, magnetite, and hematite) and zircon. The petrographic studies and SiO2 and Al2O3 values revealed a different evolution for Garraia and Zebras in terms of textural maturity and mineralogical differentiation. The studies allowed the distinction between quartzites and quartz phyllites. The physical-mechanical analyses attest that all the studied rocks can be used as natural stones.


This article outlines the web of standards being formulated that will lead to acceptance of electronic charts as equivalent to paper charts.


Summary: Technology Description The basic idea is to control very low fluid flow at high pressures through pulse width modulation of a very small poppet valve. The technology enables fine control of fluid power at a level presently not possible with the present state of the art. The objective of this invention is to enable fine control at low flow rates ( 1000 psi). Technology Application These valves can be used were very fine adjustments are needed in systems with high pressure and low volume fluids.


A study has been carried out to characterize hydrocarbons emitted from the burning of selected tall grass and litter fall samples. The biomass samples were burned under smouldering and flaming conditions and their respective smoke particulate emitted was sampled by high volume filtration on a pre- cleaned (solvent extracted) glass fibre filters. Hydrocarbons were extracted from the filters using dichloromethane as solvent and the extracts fractionated on silica-alumina column. Detection and quantification of aliphatic hydrocarbons and PAHs compounds were carried out using GC-MS. For comparison, hydrocarbons in fresh tall grass sample were also characterized to determine differences in hydrocarbon profiles. Result indicated that the major organic component characterized from the smoke particles were straight chain aliphatic compound in the range of C18-C36, with an odd to even carbon number predominance and carbon preference index (CPI) ranging from 1.21- 2.47. On the other hand, hydrocarbons present in the fresh tall grass ranged from C25-C34 with C31 species dominating and CPI value of 10.31. In general, CPI > 1 indicates n-alkanes contribution from epitucular waxes. It could be concluded that, even though the overall signature of the source of n-alkanes is maintained, burning seems to increase the range of aliphatic hydrocarbon emitted accompanied with a decrease in the CPI values. In addition, results also indicate that burning resulted in the formation of many PAHs compounds in all the three samples with concentration ranging from 731 - 3380 µg g -1 . Fresh tall grass on the hand did not exhibit any


This research is a library research, with the title Cultivating Environmentally Concerned Characters through Teaching Ecological Jurisprudence in Early Childhood. This research uses library materials as the main data source, and the main references in this research are ecological and Islamic books, character education and books on early childhood. The purpose of this study is combining two materials at once, namely environmental fiqh material and its role in shaping the character of early childhood. The results showed. First, environmental damage or the current ecological crisis is not actually due to ecological succession factors. However, the damage occurred precisely because of an anthropogenic disaster by human activities. Second, in environmental fiqh it contains material that is very important to study, namely maqoshidu shari'ah, especially hifdzu al-bi'ah. Thirdly, environmental care character is very urgent, especially given to early childhood, and for now studying this section is an obligation.


The bearing capacity tests on two single large-diameter rock-socketed piles were carried out on Dongjiang River Bridge in Dongguan City.The load transfer behaviors of the piles implanted into soft rock layers were analyzed,the effect on the shaft resistance and the tip resistance of pile were analyzed after grouting into the tip of piles,and the relationship between the shaft resistance and the relative displacement was obtained.It was indicated that there were dregs in the tip of two piles and the curve of Q-s was a double broken line,the ultimate bearing capacity of the piles increased and the relevant settlement decreased remarkably after grouting,and the relationship between the shaft resistance near the tip and the relative displacement might be the type of working softening or parabola which was also influenced by grouting.


New approaches to produce nanocrystalline TiN materials with high conductivity and their application as conductive coatings on battery materials have been developed. Sol–gel synthesis routes using tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium(IV) and a propylamine or ammonia cross linking agent, followed by thermal treatment under NH3 or H2 + N2, were found to produce TiN powders of small crystallite size (<10 nm), with good conductivity in selected cases. The most promising synthesis conditions were used to produce even TiN coatings on LiFePO4 particles, and the resulting materials exhibited significantly improved electrochemical performance relative to uncoated LiFePO4, in terms of higher specific capacity, cycle stability and rate capability. The material with the optimum 10 wt% TiN content exhibited a discharge capacity of 159 mA h g−1, that is ∼93% of the theoretical capacity, when charge/discharge rates of 0.1C were applied. The results demonstrate the suitability of this new route to produce TiN coatings, which could also be applied to high voltage materials or for materials to be operated at high temperatures, where corrosion or degradation of other coating materials (e.g. carbon) would be problematic.


This report examines the ways in which mapping is performative, participatory and political. Performativity has received increasing attention from scholars, and cartography is no exception. Interest has shifted from the map as object to mapping as practice. Performativity is a cultural, social and political activity; maps as protest and commentary. The internet both facilitates and shapes popular political activism, but scholars have been slow to grasp amateur political mappings, although analysis of political deployments of mapping in state, territorial and imperial projects remains rich. Finally, some authors suggest that cartography be understood as existence (becoming) rather than essence (fixed ontology).


Although the frequency of cancer of the larynx is relatively high, comprising 2.5% of all human cancers, the literature contains very few references to its occurrence in siblings. Such an unusual case is herein reported whereby two sisters of similar age underwent simultaneous laryngectomy for similar lesions. Some of the genetic aspects of cancer in general serve as introductions to the case reports.


Two studies were conducted using an adaptation of Harter and Pike's (1984) Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children. The scale was used to explore preschool children's sensitivity to disabilities in their peers. In the first study, children between 3.5 years and 5.5 years of age used this measure to rate their older and younger classmates' cognitive, language, and physical competence, and peer acceptance. Construct validity and test-retest reliability were psychometrically acceptable. In a second study, this measure was used to explore the ways in which preschool children without disabilities think about the skills of their classmates with disabilities. As a group, children with disabilities were viewed as less competent on developmental tasks than their classmates without disabilities. However, different patterns of competence ratings emerged for children with different disabilities. Although additional research is required to validate the utility of this measure, these data provide preliminary evidence that this instrument may prove useful in identifying the cues that young children use as they are developing an understanding of their peers' capabilities.


Effects of outgassing from commercial die attach adhesive systems on the mechanical strength of gold aluminum bonds were studied. Bond pad metallizations on unpackaged test dice were exposed to the die attach media under standard cure conditions, and gold bonds were subjected to a steam pressure pot storage. Bond pull strength as well as resistance data were obtained to determine the extent of bond degradation. Bonds exposed to die attach systems containing reactive epoxy diluents were found to cause faster mechanical degradation of the Au/Al bond under steam pressure pot storage as compared with the die attach systems formulated with ester type or other nonreactive solvents. Cleaning the bond pad with N 2 /O 2 plasma prior to wire bonding was found to dramatically improve the mechanical strength of the bonds. It was determined that the epoxy reactive diluents in some of the die attach systems could deposit on the bond pad during the cure and cause growth and reinforcement of the native Al 2 O 3 film on the pad surface with a rigid self-polymerized organic resin. This could prevent complete exposure of the underlying metal during the wire bonding process and leave debris within the bond. Wire bonds made under such a condition would be chemically vulnerable to attack by the moisture and the ionic species present in a plastic package.


Prostitution may be decriminalized in Canada in the next few years. In British Columbia, the Downtown Eastside Sex Workers United Against Violence Society (SWUAV) and Sheryl Kiselbach are using the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ("Charter")1 to challenge the constitutionality of Canada's adult prostitution offences.2 SWUAV and Ms. Kiselbach were granted public interest standing to take their case forward by the Supreme Court of Canada (SCC) in September 2012.3 In March 2012, the Ontario Court of Appeal in Canada (Attorney General) v Bedford ("Bedford")4 found the sections of the Criminal Code5 related to keeping a common bawdy-house6 and living off the avails of prostitution7 inconsistent with section 7 of the Charter.8 Communicating for the purposes of prostitution9 remains illegal, although this too was struck down at the trial level.10 Leave to appeal and cross-appeal the Bedford decision was granted by the SCC in October of 2012.11


In this paper it is considered an electric drive with static torque with constant component and speed proportional component. Using the classic calculus of variations is determined the extremal control and trajectory and the overheating that ensures maximum exploitation of the system resources represented by the achievement of a maximum variation of speed in the acceleration processes N the case of electric drives working in continuous duty type, it is necessary to perform the start%up process and in the case of those electric drives working in continuous duty type with periodical change of speed, it is necessary to perform changes of speed. To estimate the heating process at the drive system acceleration, as performance number can be adopted the maximum exploitation of the system resources. Using the classic calculus of variations can be solved this optimization problem.


This paper presents the first direct experimental measurements of the growth rate of the DarrieusLandau instability on a planar laminar premixed flame front. Prior to measurements, the intrinsically unstable flame is maintained stable by a novel technique based on the response of the flame to an acoustic parametric forcing. The growth rates of the instability, measured when the forcing is removed, are in agreement with the theoretically predicted values. [S0031-9007(98)05920-1]


In this paper we present an application-specific microprocessor core with a stack architecture optimized for use in broadband telecommunication ASICs. The microprocessor was integrated in an application on the same die as the complete data path of an SDH add-drop multiplexer (ADM). It handles over 1 million interrupts per second from 29 asynchronous sources. Due to this high interrupt rate extremely efficient context switching is required: only two extra cycles per interrupt call. The top four stack elements are directly accessable as registers and ALU instructions are computed in parallel with push or pop commands. An independent ALU for address processing enables compact and very efficient code generation. A prototype ASIC has been implemented in 0.8 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.


and cry whenever she was disturbed or asked to swallow food or medicine. On September 25th, she could not swallow anything, and although the throat was again carefully examined, nothing could be discovered to account for the existence of the dysphagia. As the tonsils seemed to be slightly enlarged, glycerine of tannic acid was ordered to be applied to them. Enemata of beef-tea and brandy were also ordered to be often administered. September 26th. The patient was much weaker; she lay in a semiconscious listless state in bed. After a few enemata had been given, their use had to be discontinued, as they caused diarrhoea. Several hypodermic injections of milk were then given, and ordered to be repeated frequently; but, in the afternoon, a gum-elastic catheter was successfully passed into the cesophagus through the nose, and beef-tea and brandy were by this means administered. About 6 P.m., convulsions set in, and the patient had four severe convulsive fits. September 27th. During the night, the patient had four more convulsive fits, about 3 A.NI. The hair was cut close to the head, and an ice-bag applied. Milk and bromide of potassium were injected through the catheter into the stomach, and these injections seemed to keep the fits in check, although there were frequent twitchings of the arms all day. September 28th. There were no fits during the night, but, shortly after 9 A.M,, the patient had two more convulsive fits, and died quietly at 1.30 P.Mf. Necro,psy, twenty-four hours after death. An abscess, containing about two ounces of pus, was found situated in the upper and posterior wall of the pharynx. No diseased or necrosed bone could be seen. The tonsils were of normal size. There was no oedema of the glottis, and the larynx was healthy.


Statehood, deriving from either thé endogenous dynamics of local political processes, thé incorporation of local communities in expanding state Systems originating elsewhere, or from a combi nation of both, is a much more common and much older phenomenon on thé African scène than would be suggested by thé application of the 'state pénétration' metaphor to politica! processes at the local level in that continent today. In this paper I shall contrast two phases in Zambian peasants' attitudes towards thé postcolonial Zambian state. One phase, of aloofness and apparent 'non-pénétration', relates to thé early 1970s; thé next phase i s that of the much greater ideological and active support for the same state atnong the same people, less than a decade later. At first glance, one might be inclined to interpret the phase of aloofness as a base-line of a process of political incorporation; thé changes leading to thé next phase would then appear to amount to some sort of increased 'state pénétration'. A historica! analysis of politica! structures in Central Western Zambia over a much longer period of time will revea! the spuriousness of such a view, and illuminate contemporary options in thé light of collective political expériences that, in this case, hâve merged with pre-state notions of sacred kingship to articulate a contemporary ethnie identity.