Whether a married couple should be treated as a single taxpaying unit under the income tax is a question frequently discussed, especially when plans for raising additional revenue are being considered. For instance, it is sometimes argued that a married couple should be required to file and pay tax on a joint return instead of being given an option to file separate returns. A somewhat similar proposal is that a married couple should have a personal exemption no more than twice as large as that of a single taxpayer. It is the purpose of the present discussion to indicate that the logical implications of either a simple yes or no answer are somewhat complex, and that the action the legislator will want to take must depend largely upon factors that vary from one tax jurisdiction to another chiefly the treatment of imputed income under the tax law and the division of control, actual and potential, of the family's total income between the spouses. To restrict the area of discussion, constitutional inhibitions are not taken into account, and dependents are not considered. First there will be described the techniques available for treating a married couple like, or different from, a single person. Some hypothetical cases will then be posed to bring out the chief issues, followed by some conclusions of a very general nature. Form of Return . So far as the form of return is concerned, the extreme of treating a married couple exactly as one taxpayer is reached when all income of each of the spouses is required to be lumped and computed as a single block of income (compulsory joint return). This procedure is common abroad but is not used in the United States.1 Under a progressive rate scal the result is of course a larger tax than if some part of the combined income were reported separately.2 Certain special features in the tax law may produce the smaller tax under the joint return, as when losses of a certain type can be offset only against gains of the same type, and one spouse has the losses while the other has th gains. In general, however, a joint return means a larger tax. A step away from the compulsory joint return away, in the sense that it will on the average reduce the tax payable (asuming unchanged rates) is the system whereby each spouse may file a separate return including therein the wages, salary, etc. that he earns and the interest, etc. received from his own investments. This is


The level of expression of the transcription factor PU.1 is a critical determinant of lineage commitment in normal hematopoiesis, and dysregulation of PU.1 leads to development of leukemia. In mice with targeted disruption of the PU.1 upstream regulatory element (URE), expression of PU.1 is decreased to 20% of wild type levels and results in development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These data suggests that tightly regulated PU.1 expression is important to maintain normal hematopoiesis and prevent leukemogenesis. Previously, we reported that AML1 (RUNX1) regulated PU.1 expression. Here we demonstrate that AMLl regulates PU.1 through 3 AML1 binding sites in the URE. Mice with targeted mutations in the 3 AML1 binding sites have decreased PU.1 expression in multiple hematopoietic lineages at multiple different developmental stages. Conditional targeting of AML1 in transgenic mice in which the URE homology region 2 (H2, containing all 3 AML1 binding sites) is used to drive expression of a reporter decreased reporter gene expression, suggesting that AML1 regulates PU.1 through these 3 sites in URE homology region 2. Using a second mouse model with a targeted mutation in the PU.1 binding site in the PU.1 URE (which is flanked by the 3 AML1 sites), we demonstrated that PU.1 indeed autoregulates itself through the URE. These results demonstrated that AML1 regulates PU.1 through the 3 AML1 sites in the URE. However, while low levels of PU.1 lead to leukemia, we have not observed frank leukemia development in AML1 conditional knockouts or in mice with targeted disruption of the 3 AML1 sites in the PU.1 URE. We hypothesized that this might be the case because disruption of AML1 or the AML1 sites reduces PU.1 levels to about 40% of wild type, but not as great as that found in PU.1 URE knockouts, which do progress to AML (20% of wild type). We hypothesized that downregulation of PU.1 as a result of binding of AML1/ETO fusion proteins to the URE might result in further reductions of PU.1 expression, and contribute to leukemogenesis. Therefore, we predicted that development of leukemia might be delayed in mice with mutations in the PU.1 URE AML1 DNA binding sites, and this was indeed the case in a modle using a retrovirus expressing the AML1/ETO9a form. We further explored the effect of AML1 and PU.1 binding on chromatin strucutre using chromatin immunoprecipitation (Chip) in the AML1 and PU.1 site URE knockin models, and found that AML1 is involved in H3K4me3 and H3/H4 acetylation of histone tails in the PU.1 URE, while PU.1 is involved in H3/H4 acetylation but not H3K4me3; H3K4 methylation and H3 acetylation decreased in AML1 sites mutant knockin mice and H3 acetylation decreased in PU.1 site mutant knockin mice. Mutation of the AML1 site in mice not only altered the chromatin structure of the URE region, but also interefered with the physical interaction between the URE and PU.1 promoter, as assessed by chromosome capture configuration (3C) assays. Interestingly, the AML1/ETO9a fusion oncogene has a unique role on the epigenetic status of the PU.1 URE in addition to its dominant effect on the 3 AML1 sites. AML1-ETO9 blocks the autoregulation of PU.1 through the PU.1 site in the URE. In summary, our data suggests that AML1 regulates PU.1 expression through 3 AML1 binding sites in the PU.1 URE by modifying chromatin structure in the URE region. In addition, PU.1 can autoregulate itself by facilitating similar epigenetic changes. Dysregulation of the epigenetic status by chromosome translocation products such as AML1-ETO might play an important role in leukemogenesis. First two authors contribute equally to this work.


Abstract:This article compares spatial explorations of family history in two films and analyzes the impact of the filmmakers' generational differences on their approaches to film as an aesthetic medium for pursuing memory work. In Etwas tut weh (1979/1980; Something hurts), Recha Jungmann, one of the few women graduates of the Hochschule für Gestaltung in Ulm, revisits her family's decayed former estate, curiously reconnecting the ruin with the elusiveness of family history. Sandra Wollner's Das unmögliche Bild (2016; The Impossible Picture, 2016) explores her family history by imitating Super 8 home movie making. In both cases the house becomes an archival place that is interwoven with German and Austrian national history. The camera practices a form of approach that deliberately creates (disorienting) spaces that refute the hierarchies of conventional narration. Forty years apart, the respective handling of space is different in each film, the intent of uncovering family secrets similar.


In light of the tendency of the traditional way of English teaching at voca-tional college and the increasing wide scale of vocational edutation,as well as the students'uneven level,we'd better use the cooperative learning method for the goal to foster talentedstudents doing well in application.And this method is worth further researching and popularizing.


TiO2 and Sn/TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy, and BET analysis methods. The effects of Sn-doping on the crystal structure, surface area, adsorption properties, pore size distribution, and optical absorption properties of the catalysts were investigated. The effect of different Sn content on the amount of hydroxyl radical was discussed by using salicylic acid as probe molecule. The photocatalytic activity of samples was tested by photocatalytic mineralization of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMOX) as a model pollutant. Sn/TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited high photocatalytic activity during the mineralization of AMOX under UV light due to increase in the generated hydroxyl radicals, band gap energy, specific surface area, and decrease in the crystallite size. The kinetic of the mineralization of AMOX can be explained in terms of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The values of the adsorption equilibrium constant (𝐾AMOX) and the kinetic rate constant of surface reaction (𝑘c) were 0.56 (mg L−1)−1 and 1.86 mg L−1 min−1, respectively.


There are numerous dominant industries in China's national developing zones;some of these industries are the traditional industries,and some are the strategic emerging industries.In terms of regional distribution,most of the industries with high regional specialization coefficient deviation are the new-and high-technology industries and strategic emerging industries;and most of the regions with high level of specialization are regions with advantages of resource.In terms of industrial structure,most of the convergent industries are electronic information technology industries,new material and energy industries.Each developing zone has its own characteristics in the development of traditional industries.We can not deny that there are still some problems with China's national developing zones in terms of the convergent industrial structure which lead to the waste of resources and diseconomies of scale.We should encourage the existence of complementarily convergent industrial structure,prohibit the existence of cutthroat competitive convergent industrial structure,and develop the competitive industries with the help of demand orientation and regional characteristics.


Over the past decades, the prevalence and severity of asthma and allergies has increased rapidly in parallel with rapid industrial development which has resulted in increasing exposure to diverse air pollutants introduced into our environment. HDM allergy and exposure to indoor air pollutants have both been associated with the development of allergic asthma. Over the last decades, additive flame retardants (FRs) have become a major indoor pollutant. They are likely to migrate from their products into indoor dust and inhalation of house dust is therefore one of the main human exposure routes to FRs. This implies that house dust mite (HDM) allergens are often inhaled in the presence of FRs. In HDM allergy, inhalation of harmless HDM allergens results in allergic sensitization in which dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role. For the first time, we assessed the potential risk of exposure to FRs in the development of immune response to HDM allergens. Thus, we determined the possible immunomodulatory effects of FRs on HDM activated DCs in vitro and the outcome of this effect on the immune response to inhaled HDM in mice. We demonstrated that HBCD has a mild immunomodulating effect on sensitization to HDM in mice while it enhances HDM induced activation of human DCs towards an allergic phenotype. An in vitro study with DCs exposed to alternative PFRs TDCIPP or TPHP showed immunotoxic effects at cytotoxic concentrations. An epidemiologic study did not reveal an association between increased concentration of individual PFRs including TPHP and the development of childhood asthma.


Anthurium is an excellent cut flower crop commercially cultivated throughout the world. Anthracnose or spadix rot disease leads to massive flower loss to anthurium growing farmers. Survey was conducted for anthurium anthracnose disease during the year 2017-2018 in anthurium growing areas of Tamil Nadu, India. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides cultures (10 isolates) were isolated and pathogenicity test was proved by several artificial inoculation methods. Among this, pin prick plus spraying spore suspension method has recorded the highest per cent disease index of 64.38 on anthurium plants. Molecular analysis based on obtained sequences (MH479426) of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS4) resulted more than 92 per cent identical to ITS sequence of C. gloeosporioides published in GenBank database. The molecular study confirmed that anthracnose disease of anthurium is caused by C. gloeosporioides. The molecular-based clustering demonstrated the genetic relationships of the isolates and species of Colletotrichum and indicated that ITS rDNA sequence data were potentially useful in taxonomic species determination.


Abstract The cure reaction of rubber-modified unsaturated polyester resins was investigated by 13C-NMR of the hydrolysis products as function of the type and amount of rubber in the resin. A relation was found between the type of terminal groups present on the poly(butadiene) rubber and the length of polystyrene bridges cross-linking the polyester chains.


The article is devoted to the presentation of the results of the study in order to disclose in primary school certain aspects of the use of the information and educational on the subject of computer science. The program and methodology of teaching the «Robotics» course for students of the 4th grade of elementary school are given. Therefore, it was noted that robotics is an applied science that prepares an automated technical system, is an important technical basis for the development of production, it was revealed that robotics at school is a way of preparing children for modern life, equipped with high – tech equipment, and it was shown that the application of robots in various fields in the life of mankind in the world and the prospects for the development of robotics are high. At the same time, it was shown that having technical creativity opens up a lot of opportunities for the younger generation, and if a child learns to build and master a robot, he will achieve large – scale achievements in adulthood. It is known that the most important task of the modern education system is the formation of educational activities in which students acquire the ability to self-development and selfimprovement, that is, it is obvious that the main goal will be to achieve through the conscious, active assimilation of social experience by students. That is why the teaching of robotics in primary grades contributes to the development of such information culture as the ability of students to carry out subsequent educational activities, as well as the ability to purposefully work and process information, use modern technical means and methods. In this regard, it is written that for the educational activities of the teacher, the connection of theory with the practice of applying the acquired knowledge on the way to turning it into a real product is important. As a result of drawing up a program that meets the objectives of the study, the forms and methods of teaching a «Robotics» course in elementary school were determined. The expected results are also clarified, which: -know the names and ways of connecting the main types of parts, the principles of operation of simple mechanism: the sequence of creating simple models: -the ability to read diagrams; observe discipline when performing work; analyze the model under the guidance of a teacher. Plan the sequence of its manufacture, control the result of practical work on the technological map; work individually, in a group; observe safety rules when working with a designer; be able to classify model details based on; -offer solutions to the problem, know the end result, choose and look for means to achive the goal, make a plan for solving problems, compare expediency in the process of work and be able to correct mistakes.


On the basis of the thought of cooperation simulation, th e rigid-flexible coupling module establishment techniques under different simul ation tools are researched. And the techniques are applied in the calculation of dynamic stresses and fatigue service life prediction for the outside lever in t he disc braking system of trains.


Summary Subcutaneous Granuloma Annulare (SGA) is a rare clinical form of granuloma annulare, more common in childhood. The clinical presentation is a painless subcutaneous nodules located in scalp or extremities. Diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical findings and histopathology. Differential diagnosis is necessary with respect to nodular lesions of rheumatoid arthritis. Lesions tend to be self-limiting. Here we report a case of a female patient, of 16 years old, treated with oral isotretinoin successfully.


Surveys of ectoparasites of small mammals were conducted in 1968 and 1969 on mainland South Vietnam and Con Son Island. The ectoparasites collected were mesostigmatic and trombiculid mites, ticks, fleas, and lice. This paper deals with the family Trombiculidae. Host and distribution records are given for 8 species of which 2 are described as new, namely Helenicula consonensis , n. sp. and Leptotrombidium (Trombiculindus) vanpeeneni , n. sp. The other species are Ascoschoengastia (Laurentella) indica, Gahrliepia (Gahrliepia) tenella, G. (Walchia) ewingi lupella, Helenicula scanloni, Leptotrombidium (Leptotrombidium) deliense and Lorillatum kianjoei .


In this essay I approach the subject of the Future-Past from an oblique angle, through a kind of time travel that involves the re-staging of my fantasies of the future, inside a structure of my past - my old school.

In 2012 I realized an art project called SCHOOL OF CHANGE, the core component of which was an experimental Science Fiction Musical film, set in a dystopian future-past and filmed in my old secondary school, a deteriorating Mid Century Modern comprehensive in an English New Town. The aim of this essay is to develop some of the ideas and debates that were thrown up by that project; speculations on our belief in the future, technology, memory and representation. I am using the film, and its fictions, as a device with which to launch these speculations.

My methods of filmmaking are quite unusual, they involve an elision of fantasy and everyday reality through what might appear to be eccentric strategies. I will examine these strategies, to unpick how it is via methods of making that I can create a tone through which ideas are opened to more affect. So as well as discussing the fictional conceits of the film and the ideas they generate, this is an excavation of a creative filmmaking methodology, because its strategies, its aesthetic politics, are intrinsic to the meanings that are generated.


Introduction: drug abuse consequences affect the individual as a person but also their human relationships inside and outside of the family system. In accordance with systemic therapy, the individual in context and the context itself should be analyzed, because family's life is organized around drug use and abuse. Usually women are the ones who tend to carry out and hold a pathological bond entitled codependency. Objective: the current study sets out then a family therapy intervention with the aim to have a positive impact on women with codependent behavior and as a result, modify their family organization patterns. Method: 10 group sessions were carried out under the structural and narrative family therapy perspective, with 16 women who presented codependency. Participants were assessed under a pre-post design with the codependency test (Noriega, 2011) and the family organization maps (Velasco&Sinibaldi, 2001). Results: the systematic intervention results toss a statistically significant reduction in the four dimensions of codependency, as well as in the family organization changes, which address a greater functionality in it. Discussion and conclusions: participants started with high codependency levels and dysfunctional parameters in their family organization, through the systemic group intervention they showed significant changes. With these tools, the participants were able to improve communication with other members and become aware of their place and role within their family system, which improved its functioning.


This research aimed to know whether one stay three stray method can improve students' reading comprehension at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember in 2017/2018 academic year. The type of this research was Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research was done in two cycles which consisted of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting in each cycle. The subjects of this research were the students 32 students of tenth Science at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Jember. The research instruments used were reading test and observation checklist. The result of reading test data in cycle 1 showed that the students did not achieve the criteria of success. The researcher needed to revise lesson plan or strategy in cycle 2. All activities were done with the balance partner and having two clockwise around the room. Based on result of data analysis there was improvement on students' reading comprehension which can be seen from the results of the two cycles in which cycle 2 was better than cycle 1.


It is pointed out that, although complex moments are generally dependent, they have good noise immunity and simple rotational characteristics. However, due to the methods of normalization used previously, the results reported in the literature indicate that the complex moments approach is less efficient. The CMD (complex moment descriptor) provides a complete invariant set without any significant calculation for normalization with respect to rotation. A generalized algorithm for calculating the CMD coefficients is proposed. The calculation is simple and the output is a moments feature vector which is invariant to object transformation. Experimental results show the efficiency of the CMD in comparison with the combination approach.<<ETX>>


We investigated people's ability to report the shape and scale of a spatial layout after sparse contact, without vision. We propose that the initial representation of sparsely contacted layout is kinesthetic. From this can be computed a configural representation that supports reports of shape and scale, but at the cost of increased error. In four experiments, participants' fingers were guided to a two-point layout, after which they returned to the points or reported distance and/or angle, subject to a change in location and sometimes a rotation as well. Errors in reproducing inter-point distance, i.e., the scale of the layout, were smallest for the task of returning to the touched points and nearly twice as great when distance was reported at a new location. Errors in reproducing inter-point angle, i.e., the shape of the layout, were smallest for the task of returning to the touched points and nearly twice as great when angle was reported subject to rotation. The data highlight limitations on reporting the shape and scale of a haptically rendered layout after sparse contact.


This study concerns the ritual of mummification and bundling of two Guanche mummies, originally in the old collection of the Museum of Casilda, in Tacoronte (Tenerife), and kept in the town of Necochea, Argentina. Important differences can be seen in the previously known ritual relating to the positioning of the body and the features of the bundles and bindings. An important feature is that one of the mummies is flexed, confirming references to older findings that, unfortunately, were not preserved. The ritual differences observed in these two bodies could be due to gender, adaptation to funerary space, or other cultural reasons.


Purpose: This paper assesses the possibility of using Environmental Protection Pro-grammes (EPPs) in Polish local government as a tool to manage and protect the environment. In Poland, local government units (LGUs) at all levels are obligated by law to prepare EPPs in accordance with the principle of sustainable development. Methodology: A survey was used as a research tool to determine the role of EPPs in LGUs at the community level. This research attempted to answer the following ques-tion: Are environmental protection programmes merely a document that communities are obligated to prepare? Findings: The results of this research show that community awareness is still very low. Communities only prepare the EPPs, but they do not think about using them as a long-term management tool. Originality/value: This research contributes to showing the role of EPPs in the man-agement of communities in Poland. Research limitations: A limitation of this research is the number of respondents, as it only included a small number of Polish communities. Another limitation is that this research presents only the view of one group of stakeholders – clerks.


To the Editor: The presence of only two phalanges in the fifth toe is a more common variant than is generally appreciated. Asin reported an incidence of 48% in 417 patients studied by roentgenograms. 1 Material and Methods: The foot roentgenograms of 393 patients, 12 years of age or older, were reviewed. The i. majority of patients had roentgenograms obtained of only one foot. However, 26 patients were examined bilaterally. These patients were either normal bilaterally or had only two-phalanged fifth toes bilaterally except for three patients who had normal right fifth toes and two-phalanged left fifth toes. These three patients were not considered in either group. None of the patients had any generalized or localized bone anomalies, and the majority of the roentgenograms were obtained because of trauma. Results: There were 390 patients considered and 188 patients (48.2%) demonstrated only two phalanges in their fifth toes (Fig. 1). A


The model of a discrete pregeometry on a microscopic scale is an x-graph. This is a directed acyclic graph. An outdegree and an indegree of each vertex are not more than 2. The sets of vertices and edges of x-graph are particular cases of causal sets. The sequential growth of a graph is an addition of new vertices one by one. A simple stochastic algorithm of sequential growth of x-graph are considered. It is based on a random walk at the x-graph. The particles in this model must be self-organized repetitive structures. We introduce the method of search of such repetitive structures. It is based on a discrete Fourier transformation. An example of numerical simulation is introduced.


This paper describes the design and simulation of an innovative monolithic active balun integrated with low noise amplifier. The Single-ended-to-differential signal transformation circuit comprises a differential signal generation circuit, which is able to receive a single-ended signal and generate a pair of signals having a 180o (differential) relationship phase. The fully integrated circuit was implemented in a 0.35μm AMS CMOS standard technology. The simulations, optimized to noise performance, minimum differential phase and magnitude error, were performed with BSIM3 model. The complete circuit presents 20.6dB of differential power gain at 2.4GHz, a phase and a transducer gain magnitude errors less than 0.2o and 0.04dB (0.32%), respectively, in a 1GHz span around 2.4GHz, a 3.7dB noise figure, a 2dBm output-referred 1dB compression point, 50Ω input and output match, while drawing 11mA from a 3V power supply.


This Outlook by Weidemann et al. highlights two recent studies, one of which, by Mermet et al., is in this issue of Genes & Development. They examine how "time of day"-dependent changes in chromatin drive core clock oscillations and show that waking up involves highly dynamic changes in the three dimensional positioning of genes within the cell.


ABSTRACT This paper contributes to a more in-depth theorization of the role of community and culture in regional development with a specific reference to the diverse communities who identify as Indigenous peoples. The concept of Indigenous regional development is used to describe how Indigenous cultural perspectives on regions, knowledge and the kinds of relationships that can generate innovation are distinctive from mainstream scholarly and policy conceptualizations. Indigenous regional development opens up new conceptual terrain for both regional development theory and policy, creating new opportunities for cross-cultural collaboration and regional innovation.


Base on the analysis on the requirements of the information issued on the mine internet of things, the silverlight technology was applied to establish the real time information issued system of the internet of things in the sensory mine, to realize the iteration of the UI development and equipment development and to establish the real time data pool. The operation measurement showed that the system could have good improvements in the real time of the information issued and have a better client friendliness and interaction than the conventional Web system.


"The mountains said 'yes', it was a good project, and early that morning, at dawn, when the mountains took the decision, we were able to lay first foundation...


A computer program has been developed to analytically describe the first and third order properties of systems with large tilts and decentrations. The program describes the imagery through analytic formulae, in both the pupil and field variables, rather than by interpretation of ray trace data at sample points in the field. The first order properties of both the image and the pupil are described in terms of tilt, decentration, magnification, keystone distortion, and anamorphic distortion parameters. In computing these parameters, it is important to take into account the transferred components of the parameters, which are due to the first-order properties of the previous surfaces. The third order properties are computed by representing the surface aberration contributions as vector fields and summing them vectorially. The third order properties are described in terms of a coma field with a node displaced from the center of the image, a binodal astigmatism field, a trinodal distortion field, and a focal surface that is curved and displaced from the Gaussian image in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. The program is applied to several systems, and the results are compared to ray trace data. The interaction between large first order aberrations of intermediate images and pupils, and the third order properties of the image is discussed. Applications of the vector aberration field technique toward an automated design procedure are considered.


Network technology accelerates the development of educational information, campus portal building is considered as an important part of it in every university, almost all information of teaching and research appeared on the web. Meanwhile, the utilization rate of some websites was lower in university, information was updated slowly, information classifications were complex and not standardized on a platform. They didn't emphasis on using and sharing but building and developing, and this phenomenon was widespread. So the paper proposed a decision tree model for score sorting information based on C5.0 algorithm, setting up a statistical model for data mining by adding a line weight value for portal information. Finally, the results verify the correctness and science of the model by giving an example.


Cultural resources are commonly defined as resources that provide material evidence of past human activities. These resources are unique, as they are both finite and non-renewable. This provides a challenge for traditional visitor use management since these resources have no limits of acceptable change. However, with nearly every national park in the US containing cultural resources, coupled with ever-growing visitation, it is essential that managers of parks and protected areas have the ability to make science-informed decisions about cultural resources in the context of visitor use management. We propose a framework that can help provide context and exploration for these challenges. Drawing on previous literature, this framework includes risk-based approaches to decision making about visitor use; visitor cognitions related to cultural resources; emotions, mood, and affect related to cultural resource experiences; creating and evaluating interpretive programs; deviant visitor behaviors related to cultural resources; and co-management.


In 2017, an online reality show single-handedly ignited China's passion for hip hop, garnering more than 2.5 billion views and ensuring stardom for its contestants. Prior to this, Chinese hip-hop culture was only an "underground culture"; a small number of people sang in subway stations, not in mainstream media or culture. Based on research into the concept of "post-subculture" and the Birmingham school's theory of youth subcultures, this research takes the TV music show The Rap of China as an exemplary case study and explores how media companies make use of power emerging from fandom to "break the rules" of the traditions of mainstream culture in China. Through online observations of hip-hop songs and artists as well as interviews of hip-hop fans, this research explores the identities constructed in the age of consumerism and how new hip-hop generation fans perceive hip-hop culture.


The International Society on Antiphospholipid Antibodies (ISAPA), which was started at St Thomas's Hospital, London in 1983 by Nigel Harris, Graham Hughes and Azzudin Gharavi, holds meetings every 2 years. The previous one, organized by Takao Koike, had been held in Sapporo, Japan. The latest one in Tours, a medieval chateau town in France, was organized by Marie Claire Boffa and Jean Charles Piette, and attracted approximately 500 participants. The meeting should be of interest to haematologists and coagulation laboratories because thrombosis, inhibitors, thrombocytopaenia and clotting tests featured prominently among the issues discussed. The other clinical associations are amazingly diverse, involving rheumatology, obstetrics, cardiology and immunology specialties, and laboratory testing/research is similarly wide ranging. As might be expected, the programme was quite heterogeneous with a wide range of clinical and scienti®c sessions. The former comprised mainly patient/disease criteria, treatments and animal models. The latter related mainly to laboratory studies on beta-2-glycoprotein1 (â2GP1) (and its antibodies) and lupus anticoagulant testing. Papers and abstracts were published in Journal of AutoImmunity (Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2000) and are also reportedly online at: http:// www.idealibrary.com. Probably the most notable achievements have been in exposing the ®ne details of the main anticardiolipin cofactor, â2GP1, the three-dimensional structure of which was published independently by two groups earlier last year (2000). Previous work had focused on the terminal ®fth `sushi' domain of this molecule, which differed from the other four by having an internal hydrophobic peptide link. It is now recognized that this end of the molecule is the one which attaches to negatively-charged phospholipid surfaces. However, there is still much dispute about which epitopes within â2GP1 may be the most important in various clinical disease states. The work of Stephen Krilis using domain 1deleted mutants suggests that most patient's anticardiolipin (ACL) antibodies bind to the ®rst sushi domain of â2GP1, which is the one furthest away from the phospholipid-binding end. Takao Koike, using a ®lamentous phage display system, believes most ACL antibodies bind to cryptic epitopes on the fourth sushi. Yehuda Shoenfeld's group has identi®ed three quite separate sequences as important epitopes and is currently evaluating enzymelinked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using these individual peptides in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus/antiphospholipid syndrome (SLE/ APS). There was disappointingly little work investigating the anticoagulant effects of such antibodies given that lupus anticoagulants (LA) tests are consistently shown to be more speci®c for thrombotic problems than immunologic tests. Also, there was not so much interest in anti-prothrombin as an antigen in SLE, although increasing evidence links anti-prothrombins with arterial thrombosis. No real progress was apparent in identifying prothrombotic mechanisms of LA/ACL, despite adequate restatement of the concept of Charles and Naomi Esmon that LA may interfere with the antithrombotic protein C pathway, which depends on phosphatidyl ethanolamine (rather than on the procoagulant negatively-charged phospholipids currently used in most clotting tests). Sylvia Pierangeli's mouse model, looking for thrombus time formation in injured excised vessels in anaesthetized mice, appears to work but can hardly be used as a routine


Mucoadhesion is the process where polymers attach to biological substrate or a syn to mucus or an epithelial surface. When the biological substrate is attached to a mucosal layer then this phenomenon is known as mucoadhesion. The substrate possessing bioadhesive polymer can help in drug delivery for a prolonged period of time at a specific delivery site. Mucoadhesive polymers are used to improve drug delivery by enhancing the dosage form's contact time and residence time with the mucous membrane mucoadhesion and some factors which have the ability to affect the mucoadhesive properties of a polymer. Both natural and synthetic polymers are used for the preparation of mucoadhesive buccal which can be used in mucoadhesive buccal This review is an effort to summarize the work done till date and to show the future pathway of mucoadhesive buccal films preparation using natural polymer.


Consumers' purchasing behavior has changed over time due to the launch of social media. This allows consumers to be able to create and publicize the contents about the products by themselves. Therefore consumers use social media as a source of information on products comparison prior to their decision on purchasing. This behavior has became new age consumers called "Prosumer". This qualitative research is aimed to study communication behavior on decision buying process of smart phones. Researcher employed methods of textual analysis and in-depth interview so as to interview and analyze the research population, the ten recommended posts regarding smart phones and to interview five post writers. The investigation found that narrating and sharing an experience and writing a review of product and service on decision buying process and negative experiences which constitute hesitation and new assessment for other alternatives prior to decision on purchasing. For customer review (CR), never got support by the sponsors, the writers attempt to more persuade readers than sponsor review (SR). In contrast, the sponsor review (SR) will be more reliable when the product is given technical specifications.


FIELD: paint-and-varnish industry. SUBSTANCE: in a preliminarily prepared titanium oxide pigment emulsion, first aluminum oxide (hydroxide) phosphate and then aluminum oxide are precipitated on the surface pigment, after which pigment is isolated from suspension. Magnesium oxide can be additionally precipitated. EFFECT: improved physico-chemical retaining ability of pigments. 16 cl, 1 tbl


Mix design procedures for recycled asphalt pavements require the selection of virgin asphalt binder or recycling agent. This research project was undertaken to develop a procedure for selecting the performance grade (PG) of virgin asphalt binder based on the Superpave PG grading system. Blending charts, similar to the viscosity blending charts, were constructed and evaluated based on test parameters obtained from the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). The criteria for selection was based on Superpave performance grading (PG) specification. The criteria based on the fatigue parameter was determined to be too liberal and, therefore, was not recommended. An alternative criteria based on the high temperature stiffness was recommended.


MPI and OpenMP were used concurrently in the CGWAVE application to improve the performance of harbor analyses. The project, "Dual-level parallel analysis of harbor wave response using MPI and OpenMP," won the Most Effective Engineering Methodology award in the SuperComputing‐98 HPC Challenge competition. In this case CGWAVE was used to model the motion of waves in Ponce Inlet on Florida's Atlantic coast [1]. The sea state in a harbor is characterized by a number of incident wave components, which are defined by period, amplitude, and direction. This set of wave components can be regarded as a parameter space; each triplet leads to a separate partial diffe rential equation to be solved on the finite element grid. Parallelism can be exploited at the parameter-space level, with MPI used to distribute the work. Since the execution times for separate wave components can differ by as much as a factor of four, a simple master‐slave strategy dynamically balances the workload. For each component calculation, a large sparse linear system of equations is formed. The solution of the system of equations is parallelized with OpenMP. This OpenMP-based parallelization is performed in each parameter-space component problem. Developing this hybrid parallelism was easier than expected, once a few problems had been resolved. Problems occur in a mixed MPI/OpenMP program when MPI_Init or other MPI communication routines are called from an OpenMP parallel region. In the parallelization of CGWAVE, we were able to avoid this problem by allowing only one thread to execute message-passing operations.


This paper discusses the solution of two body problem in a parabolic orbit, where the true anomaly v (as a function of the time) can be obtained by solving a cubic equation for () named Barkers equation. We have suggested and analyzed an iterative method which works well for Barker's equation with suitable suggested initial guesses for the iterative. The convergence of the new method is discussed. It is established that the method has convergence of order five. In terms of computational cost, it requires evaluation of three functions and two first order derivatives per iteration.


We study four well-known capacities of a two-parameter family of qubit Pauli channels. These are the channels which are covariant under the SO (2) group and contain the depolarizing channel as a special case. We find exact expressions for the classical capacity and entanglement assisted capacities, and analytically determine the regions where the quantum capacity of the channel vanishes. We then use a flag extension to find upper bound for the quantum capacity and private capacity of these channels in the entire region of parameter space and also obtain the lower bound for the quantum capacity by calculating the single shot quantum capacity numerically. In conjunction with previous results on depolarizing channels, our result is one step forward for determining the capacities of the full Pauli channel


Based on the pretreatment for smooth denoising and contrast enhancement of the speckle fringe patterns,the central skeleton lines of the interference fringes were obtained with the method of edge-extracting,filling and thinning for the electronic speckle fringes.The deficiency in extraction for the skeleton lines of the interference fringes,which can not be overcome by some common algorithms such as binaryzation and thinning due to the strong-noise characteristic of the electronic speckle interference fringes,was overcome by this method.The result shows that the method can find the skeleton lines precisely and provide a new method for achieving the line of equal displacement in the plane displacement field.


Technological advances sometimes bring negative effects, for example, there are emissions of gas and waste as a result of manufacturing activities. The research was carried out at the bread manufacturing with the intent calculate Life Cycle Inventory and Impact Assessment using life cycle analysis framework in ISO 14040. The stages of this research are from a preliminary study which contains goal definition and scope, followed by literature study, field survey and interview for data acquisition - inventory definition. The final stage is the analysis and conclusion that contains the impact analysis and interpretation of the impact. The impact measured up to the final process of bread making is the packaging stage using the 2002+ impact method. The results are there is the potential human health of 9.39E-05 DALY, ecosystem quality 42 PDF*m2*yr, climate change 118 kg CO2 eq and resources 247 MJ Primary. The comparison of baking, injection, and packaging process, it is found that there was a slight increase in damage category of human health and climate change, while no change in ecosystem quality. It is found in the study that the most dominant factor that contributes to environmental impact is the use of electricity.


This study aims to analyze and describe the management of archives in support of administrative order at the Toho sub-district office, Toho district, Mempawah regency. This problem was chosen to look at the issues that exist in the management of archives or archives that exist, especially in the Toho District office of Mempawah Regency, especially those related to the problem of managing letters and arranging archives at the Toho Sub-district office because there are phenomena that indicate where in the management, mail or control. And the arrangement of the archives is still not done well; in other words, it has not been done as desired, or there are still some obstacles, especially those related to archive problems. Therefore, the archive is essential in supporting the orderly administration in the office so that there are no archiving problems that will make the paperwork in the office not recorded neatly or adequately. The results of this study indicate that the management, control, and arrangement of archives or archives at the Toho sub-district office are still not carried out properly, so an understanding of adequate archival equipment procedures is needed so that activities in archives management can be carried out as well as possible. This must be guided by the Governor's Regulation No. 453 of 2005 concerning reasonable and correct archival procedures.


The designers of the TCP/IP protocol suite explicitly included support of satellites in their design goals. The goal of the Internet Project was to design a protocol which could be layered over different networking technologies to allow them to be concatenated into an internet. The results of this project included two protocols, IP and TCP. IP is the protocol used by all elements in the network and it defines the standard packet format for IP datagrams. TCP is the end-to-end transport protocol commonly used between end systems on the Internet to derive a reliable bi-directional byte-pipe service from the underlying unreliable IP datagram service. Satellite links are explicitly mentioned in Vint Cerf's 2-page article which appeared in 1980 in CCR [2] to introduce the specifications for IP and TCP. In the past fifteen years, TCP has been demonstrated to work over many differing networking technologies, including over paths including satellites links. So if satellite links were in the minds of the designers from the beginning, what is the problem? The problem is that the performance of TCP has in some cases been disappointing. A goal of the authors of the original specification of TCP was to specify only enough behavior to ensure interoperability. The specification left a number of important decisions, in particular how much data is to be sent when, to the implementor. This was deliberately' done. By leaving performance-related decisions to the implementor, this would allow the protocol TCP to be tuned and adapted to different networks and situations in the future without the need to revise the specification of the protocol, or break interoperability. Interoperability would continue while future implementations would be allowed flexibility to adapt to needs which could not be anticipated at the time of the original protocol design.


We present an approach to motion planning for humanoid robots that aims to ensure reliable execution by augmenting the planning process to reason about the robot's ability to successfully perceive its environment during operation. By efficiently simulating the robot's perception system during search, our planner utilizes a perceptive capability metric that quantifies the 'sensability' of the environment in each state given the task to be accomplished. We have applied our method to the problem of planning robust autonomous grasping motions and walking sequences as performed by an HRP-2 humanoid. A fast GPU-accelerated 3D tracker is used for perception, with a grasp planner and footstep planner incorporating reasoning about the robot's perceptive capability. Experimental results show that considering information about the future perceptive capability ensures that sensing remains operational throughout the grasping or walking sequence and yields higher task success rates than perception-unaware planning.


In recent decades, the phenomenon of "insider movements" has emerged as a significant component of Christian ministry to Muslims especially. Insider movements are complex, controversial, and the subject of much academic debate. Most of the scholars writing on insider movements do not come from a Muslim background. While they have added much to the academic discussion, it is also important to hear from scholars and practitioners who themselves come from a Muslim background. They are living as Christ-followers, often in Muslim contexts, and are wrestling with and forming their own opinions of insider movements, even as they seek to theologically evaluate them with scriptural truth. This paper explores the perspectives of several Muslim background believers in Christ regarding insider movements and is based on an examination of their published writings and interviews. It highlights and summarizes a portion of those writings, reveals a diversity of perspectives on the subject, and seeks to represent the voices and varied opinions of the authors about insider movements.


The writer covers the history of the Arrubiu nuraghe from its first mention in a research paper written in 1952 by Ercole Contu. However, topographic survey and excavation works started in 1981, when the author was in charge of the Soprintendenza Archeologica of Sasari and Nuoro. The involvement of Montana local population, Townhall and community in the public use of the monument is also considered. She insists on paralleling excavation and restoration with a site management project securing its surveillance and visitation. Consequently, an Interpretation Centre and a guide of the site were created. This paper includes the current academic works and publication of materials from the 1982-1996 excavations, as well as the virtual reconstruction of the nuraghe and the making of its physical model to be exhibited in the Didactic Centre, with the prospective creation of a web page for the nuraghe. All these tend to insert the monuments in a rural tourism project associating many villages in the design of an itinerary visiting the area from Prehistory to Byzantine times, together with the foundation in Orroli of the Laboratory for the Knowledge and Memory.


ABSTRACT A deeper understanding of how teachers bridge cultural differences in teacher-student relationships provides insights into the cultural, social and emotional capabilities needed in teachers. This phenomenographic study investigated the experiences and conceptions of Anglophonic Western trained teachers who worked in non-Western institutions with the aim of understanding how teachers working in cross-cultural contexts bridge cultural differences to engage students in learning. Findings show that teacher humility and compassion were antecedents to confidence in students. Further, findings reveal a need for systems administrators and teacher educators to make investments into teachers' and pre-service teachers' cultural, social and emotional capabilities for the sake of student confidence and engagement in learning. The study further revealed that student confidence is often evidence of a teacher's cultural capability.


In this issue of Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Powell et al1 summarize the efforts of the New York State Workgroup on Allocation in an Influenza Pandemic to develop guidance for allocation of scarce mechanical ventilators during a severe influenza pandemic. In the United States, a core societal expectation is nearly limitless provision of critical care to those who want it and who have acute organ failure.2–5 Provision of usual critical care for the many additional patients anticipated during disasters such as a severe influenza pandemic poses an insurmountable challenge for most communities.6 When efforts to augment critical care are insufficient to meet need, and there is no fair and just system to allocate scarce life-sustaining interventions, then community trust in the broader health care delivery system may cease, thereby compromising the entire medical and public health response.


This study explored the influence of Internet memes, specifically image macros of animals with motivational captions, on survey respondents' engagement with the survey-taking experience and subsequent data quality. A web-based field experiment was conducted with online survey respondents from two sample sources, one crowdsourced, and one commercially managed online panel. Half of the respondents from each sample source were randomly selected to see the memes at various points throughout the survey; the other half did not. Direct and indirect measures of survey engagement and response quality were used to assess effectiveness of the memes. Quantitative results were inconclusive, with few significant differences found in measures of engagement and data quality between respondents in the meme or control condition in either sample source. However, qualitative open-ended comments from respondents who saw the memes in both sample groups revealed that memes provide respondents a fun break and relief from the cognitive burdens of answering online survey questions. In conclusion, memes represent a relatively inexpensive and easy way for survey researchers to connect with respondents and show appreciation for their time and effort.


Property ownership and occupational change are used to understand the social and economic organization of the Chinese community in Montreal. These data can be understood with a model of the lineage mode of production, situated within an ethnically defined dual economy.


Aim: We aimed to investigate the factors affecting mortality in cancer patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: 120 cancer patients followed-up in Erciyes University Medical Oncology Department were included in the study. Patients with a diagnosed cancer over the age of 18 years and diagnosis of COVID-19 between April 1 and December 1 2020 were participated in the study. The relationship between clinical, demographic, laboratory values and 30-day mortality were evaluated using the Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. Risk factors for mortality were identified by univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: 120 cancer patients were accepted in the study and 30 (25%) had died within 30 days after COVID-19 positivity. Hospitalization rate of cancer patients with COVID-19 was 67.5% and 23 (19.2%) of patients were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). 34.6% of hospitalized patients and 95.7% of those admitted in the ICU died within 30 days. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, it was concluded that the presence of lymphopenia (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.54-13.6, p = 0.04), high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.21-9.8, p = 0.02), dyspnea (OR 2.5 95% CI 0.32-11.2, p = 0.04), lung cancer diagnoses (OR 3.3 95% CI 1.54-9.7, p = 0.03), male gender (OR 2.17 95% CI 1.1-7.3, p = 0.03) ) were determined that increased 30-day mortality. Conclusion: High incidence of cancer and the risk of immunosuppression in these patients increased the importance of COVID-19. Cancer patients with COVID-19 need to be treated more carefully because they are vulnerable to infection and can be mortal. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Annals of Medical of Research is the property of Annals of Medical Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)


The Treasure problem is the ultimate problem throughout the economic practices in the history of civilization.There are huge distinctions between the Chinese and the Western ideas and theories concerning this issue.Each has its advantages and disadvantages.Adopting the advantages while overcoming the disadvantages of the two in the practice of our socialist economy construction would be beneficial for us to recognize and solve the problems.


The electric power system infrastructure has begun to adopt digital information technologies such as transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) and Ethernet infrastructures. With this adoption, information technology-centric network and system management (NSM) tools are used to manage the intermediate communication systems and electric devices in digital substations. However, the technology to monitor the cyber–physical System (CPS) statistics for the intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) and serial communication for a digital substation does not exist yet. In this paper, we aim to propose cyber-physical analysis methodologies of a digital substation system, concerning issues of (1) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 62351-7 based network and system management, (2) behavior analysis of the CPS, (3) cyber–physical anomaly detection systems, and (4) a testbed for a digital substation. By collaborating with Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), a cyber security testbed for the digital substation has been developed to implement the use cases and analyze potential security threats. Newly integrated methodologies for information handling are expected to lead to improved safety and reliability for the CPS of electric power grid systems.


Considers decentralized H/sub /spl infin// controller design problems for multi-channel linear time-invariant systems. Our interest is focused on dynamic output feedback, and our discussion concerns both continuous-time systems and discrete-time ones. The decentralized H/sub /spl infin// control problems are expressed as feasibility problems of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs) with respect to variables of a coefficient matrix defining the controller and a Lyapunov matrix. To deal with the BMIs, we propose to set the Lyapunov matrix as block diagonal appropriately according to the desired order of the controller so that the BMIs; are reduced to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which are sufficient to the BMIs but much more tractable.


Objective: Research the HPLC fingerprint of the pieces of commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix from the north-west China,and establish the quality standards of commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix to provide a basis for the industry.Method: High performance liquid chromatography was used for the soparation on.Choice ZORBAX Edipse XDB-C18 column(4.60 mm×250 mm,5 μm),column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃,with acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid was selected as mobile phase by gradient elution,the detection wavelength was set at 237 nm,the gradient elution were adopted.Using the 'chromatographic fingerprint evaluation system 2004A' and SPSS software was used to establish HPLC fingerprint comparison and cluster analysis.Result: Established the HPLC fingerprint of the pieces of commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix from the north-west area China was established,and the results of methodological study met the technical requirements for fingerprinting.Ten common peaks were found in the fingerprint of Sixteen batches of commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix,the similarity was greater than 0.904,and four groups were divided by cluster analysis,together into four groups.Conclusion: This is the first use of HPLC fingerprint to compare different levels of commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix from the north-west China.The HPLC method is stable and reliable to provide a scientific basis of quality inspection and classification for the commercial Glycyrrhizae Radix.


We have studied thinking styles in classrooms in order to confirm our view that they make a practically important difference to school performance. How do they make such a difference? STYLES OF THINKING IN INSTRUCTION AND ASSESSMENT For those who teach and assess students at any level – young children, adolescents, or adults – the theory of mental self-government implies modes of rendering teaching more effective. The key principle is that in order for students to benefit maximally from instruction and assessment, at least some of each should match their styles of thinking. I would not advocate a perfect match all the time: Students need to learn, as does everyone, that the world does not always provide us with a perfect match to our preferred ways of doing things. Flexibility is as important for students as for teachers. But if we want students to show what they truly can do, match of instruction and assessment to styles is essential. Table 7.1 shows various methods of instruction and the thinking styles that are most compatible with them. The major point of this table is that different methods of instruction work best for different styles of thought. If a teacher wants to reach and truly interact with a student, he or she needs the flexibility to teach to different styles of thinking, which means varying teaching style to suit different styles of thought on the part of students. By far the most common form of instruction in schools is the lecture.


The development of small and medium businesses is the main driving force in the sustainable economic development of the country. The main reasons for this are that the development of small and medium enterprises is of exceptional importance in terms of diversifying the economy, increasing its competitiveness, ensuring employment. To achieve these goals, a Strategic Roadmap has been developed to ensure the competitiveness, inclusion, and sustainability of the economy in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Research shows that small and medium enterprises should be considered as a socio-economic system with the characteristics of an economic-cybernetic system. Therefore, a mathematical modeling mechanism of quantitative analysis should be used to establish optimal behavioral and development strategies for this economic-cybernetic system. We will use the econometric research mechanism of mathematical modeling, especially the correlation-regression analysis mechanism, to quantify the impact of environmental factors on small and medium enterprises. In the process of research, data characterizing the activities of small and medium enterprises in the country will be used as a statistical basis.


Teachers are engineers of human souls, are responsible for preaching, Tuition, FAQ's responsibility and mission.Then what kind of teacher is excellent teachers in our eyes it? During graduate school of opportunity to get the opportunity to practice in Harbin City Board of Education, during the internship involved in Harbin "future educator training project" implementation, it is this experience so I have some views on the common characteristics of good teachers in this way the author presented the study of narrative, hoping to provide some lessons for aspiring research colleagues outstanding teachers.


A missile-borne conformal dual-fed circular polarized microstrip antenna array is designed and fabricated, which realized omnidirectional radiation in horizontal direction. Frequencies of the antenna include GPS L1 frequency (1.575GHz) and Beidou navigation system B1 frequency (1.562GHz). Based on the HFSS simulation, the influence of conformation is analyzed on S11, axial ratio and gain of antenna array. The size of microstrip patches is changed so that the influence of conformation on antenna can be reduced. The circular polarization performance and the circular polarization gain of the antenna are also improved. The antenna array prototype is fabricated and measured. The result shows that the S11 parameter of the antenna is less than -10dB in the 1.55~1.60GHz frequency band. At the GPS L1 frequency and the Beidou B1 frequency, the maximum of horizontal omnidirectional gain is 1.73dB, 1.25dB respectively. The out-of-roundness of the radiation pattern is less than 2.5dB. The antenna has a good horizontal omnidirectional circular polarization radiation performance.


The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a preparation method of an amorphous sulfide solid electrolyte. The preparation method of the amorphous sulfide solid electrolyte is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: (1) putting metallic lithium, elemental sulfur, germanium sulfide and phosphorus pentasulfide in a certain proportion into a water-free and oxygen-free sealed container for mixing; and (2) mechanically grinding the raw materials mixed in the step (1) so as to prepare the amorphous sulfide solid electrolyte. According to the preparation method, the proportion of lithium, sulfur to phosphorus can be accurately controlled, and the problem that raw material volatilization in a high-temperature solid-phase method causes relatively low product purity is solved; and meanwhile, the resources of the raw materials are abundant, the process is simple, and the high-purity amorphous sulfide solid electrolyte can be obtained through a ball-milling one-step method.


Objective To establish a method for detection of Th17 and TC17 cells in peripheral blood by flow cytometry,and to investigate the alteration of Th17 and TC17 cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods The frequencies of Th17 and TC17 cells in 24 CHB patients and 15 healthy blood donors were detected by flow cytometry.Results Flow cytometry was employed to detect Th17 and TC17 cells in peripheral blood.The Th17 and TC17 cells in health control were(2.13±0.50)%(1.6%-3.3%)and(0.27±0.13)%(0.2%-0.6%),respectively,whereas Th17 and TC17 in CHB patients were(5.58±4.52)%(1.6%-19.0%)and(1.05±0.93)%(0.2%-3.1%)respectively.The differences of Th17 and TC17 were significant(P=0.007 and =0.004,respectively).Conclusion The levels of Th17 and TC17 cells are increased in CHB patients,which suggests some clues for alleviating hepatocyte damage in earlier CHB.


The invention discloses a message processing method and a device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the flow of each type of messages in a preset period; determining the priority of each type of the messages according to the relationship between a preset priority and a flow range; adding the each type of messages in the preset period into a priority queue corresponding to the priority thereof; and sequentially dispatching the messages in each priority queue according to the sequence from high to low of the priority, wherein the higher the priority is, the less value the flow range corresponding to the priority has. The technical scheme provided by the invention can effectively process the messages to ensure the reasonable bandwidth use and reduce the cost for message processing.


In today's competitive market electrical equipment must be designed to be efficient, reliable, cost effective and in some cases have to operate under both normal and abnormal operating conditions. The author looks at the basic principles of the finite element method when it is used as a computational tool for design. Special modelling facilities which are applied are discussed and examples of their use in electric machine design are presented. >


The mechanism of artificial intelligence for macroeconomic regulation and planning in Russia is shined in the article. The innovative model of the country's economy is something that we need to actively develop in order to keep up with the global technological race. The introduction of technological solutions at the state level can create a new absolute advantage for Russia. In this aspect, some problems in the Russian macro-economic policy are considered and solutions based on artificial intelligence are proposed. To illustrate the global loyalty to the use of AI for national purposes, examples of its implementation in China are given; financial indicators investment, the size of the AI market and forecast expectations are evaluated.


GOMEL, BELARUS-- For several years, pathologist Yuri Bandazhevsky has argued that the cesium-137 accumulating in the Belarus population poses a serious health threat, particularly to children. But when he began to question the government9s failure to take steps to reduce exposure to cesium by decontaminating inhabited areas, he was arrested, accused of taking bribes from students seeking admission to his institute, imprisoned, and stripped of his post.


A method of fuzzy data recall using polynomial bidirectional hetero-correlator is presented. This has a higher capacity for pattern pair storage than that of the conventional BAMs and fuzzy memories. A new energy function is defined. The polynomial bidirectional hetero-correlator (PBHC) takes advantage of fuzzy characteristics in evolution equations such that the signal-noise-ratio (SNR) is significantly increased. In this work, we prove the stability of fuzzy data recall using polynomial bidirectional hetero-correlator. The increase of SNR consequently enhances the capacity of the polynomial bidirectional hetero-correlator. The capacity of the fuzzy data recall using PBHC in the worst case is also estimated.


This study tries to examine the export competitiveness of selected
telecommunication products by using indicators like Revealed Comparative
Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) analysis and Shift-share
method and these are used for identifying potential export markets. The
selected four categories of telecommunication products are taken into account
on the basis of three digit level Standard International Trade Classification
(SITC) for the period between 2000 and 2011.The RCA calculation clearly
indicates an increasing strength of comparative advantage of Malaysia, except
for the products (SITC- 763) and (SITC- 764). This is mainly due to the
negligible import for these products. The CMS results suggest that export gains
of Malaysia for telecommunication products are largely attributed to the size of
the market and also to its competitiveness effects. The CMS analysis also
depicts that the competitiveness effect of telecommunication products are
subsequently improved in general during the period III and I (2008-11and 2000-
03) as compared to those of the period I and II (2000-03 and 2004-07) and
period II and III (2004-07 and 2008-11). The shift- share indicates that the USA,
UK, Netherlands, Switzerlands, Japan and Germany are biggest importing
countries of Malaysian telecommunication products although major challenges
are the asian countries here.

Keyword: Export Competitiveness, RCA, CMS, Shift-Share and Market opportunity
1. Introduction


2.0 This work focuses on modeling nanoscale phononic crystals and analogous lumped-parameter systems by setting up the appropriate Lagrangian equations of motion. The lattice structure and interacting force constants are accounted for by means of a mass-spring model. In particular, we focus on a simple cubic lattice with one mass per primitive unit cell. We use the model to predict the wave dispersion frequency spectrum. We then use the model to conduct a series of studies on the influence of defects intentionally introduced to the lattice at a supercell level. One area of interest is the effect of such alterations on the size and location of band gaps. Alternative methods for determining wave propagation through lattice systems are discussed in detail and included Section 2.7.1.


Sanger DNA sequencing is widely used nowadays to identify germ-line alterations of cancer predisposition genes. Molecular diagnosis of hereditary risk of breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is mainly targeting BRCA1 and BRCA2, as carriers of deleterious mutations in any of these genes are at significantly higher risk of developing cancer than general population. Usual diagnosis performs a pre-screening step, followed by systematic sequencing of exons and exon/intron boundaries. Unfortunately, not all sequence variations found by sequencing are pathogenic. About one half of identified variants are of unclear clinical significance. Common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are also usually detected, either heterozygous or homozygous. When systematically detected, SNPs can be used to define haplotypes, which are particularly useful in population disease studies or ethnogenomics. Frequent BRCA1 SNPs are well known, as well as associated haplotypes. Here we present some rare intronic variants defining novel BRCA1 haplotypes.


T he old Roman God Janus (the god of doors and gates immortalised as January in the Julian calendar) is usually depicted as having two faces, one looking forward and the other backward. Let us for a moment look backward with him at Medicine and its community of the past. Then, as he continues to unlock the doors and gates of science and technology ahead of us, let us reflect briefly on Medicine today and (however rashly) on its prospective tomorrow.


Hand-shadows and animations are closely linked, from the initial "handcraft" performance. To the digital handshadow animation produced by using the modern technology animation has become a new manifestation of hand-shadow art. Hand-shadow animation has its own unique style in narrative literariness and succinct form. The perfect combination of handshadow art and two-dimensional animation brings fresh blood to traditional hand-shadow art. This article would analyze the development of the shadow animation, its artistic characteristics and creative forms of expression, combined with the classic handshadow animation; it would also analyze the charm of handshadow animation. Keywords—hand-shadow; animation; creative performance I. FROM HAND-SHADOW TO ANIMATION The light travels in a straight line in homogeneous medium and while encountering opaque objects-hands, the resulting projection is hand shadows. The hand-shadow has no tone detail in the form but its shape is vivid and interesting. The transformation of hand-shadows all depends on hands and postures, forming various objects, such as the portrait, wolf and duck in Fig 1. It doesn't need any additional things to modify the hand shadow; it shows a kind of artistic conception in likeness and unlikeness. The expressive force of the hand shadow comes from the intuitive feeling of the relationship between the shape of the object image and the relationship between the color patches. Through the artistic technique of planarization, the hand-shadow highlights the outline of the shape and builds the screen effects by the contrasts and conflicts between different color patches. Since the handshadow neglects the characteristics of the details of objects, the information conveyed on the screen is clearer. As far as the external form is concerned, the outline of the object is the main shape of the hand-shadow, the appearance of the image depends on the sharp outline of the image movement, and therefore, generality, abstractness, and decorativeness are those important elements of hand-shadow art element [1]. Fig. 1. Hand-shadow The initial hand-shadows appeared in the form of games and later developed into hand-shadow drama. Hand shadow and shadow play work similarly, while shadow play is also shown on a screen in a (quasi-)black box, its audience's interactive behavior differs from the static silence expected from film viewers. Furthermore, although shadow play can and does indeed develop a narrative, differing from the narrative absorption model, it encourages an exhibitionist to engage as a part of the viewing experience, and even encourages as part of the viewing experience [2]. Hand-shadow drama is based on the counterattack technology of the light, through the combination of gestures it forms a variety of models projected onto the screen, and at the same time with the mouth to simulate the sound, so that a unique audio-visual art is displayed in front of the audience, the audience can not only hear the animals between the laughter and intimacy of the voice, but can also through the hand-shadow see cute and realistic images, therefore, the hand-shadow drama is regarded as the most purest art. The development of animation art is accompanied with the development of computer technology, which provides hardware to support the development of animation art, and also provides possibilities for the development of animation art. Animation producers apply this hand-shadow art form to animation and provide a new expression for hand-shadow art [3]. The perfect combination of hand-shadow art and animation organic not only makes the hand-shadow art glow with new vitality but also enriches the animated theme form. Central Universities / Youth fund of Northeast Normal University in philosophy and social science projects (2017QT008). International Seminar on Education Research and Social Science (ISERSS 18) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 195


Abstract Because of the excellent fractionation and identification technologies developed during the early-1950s, the compositions of tobacco and tobacco smoke, both classified as highly complex mixtures, have been defined more completely than the composition of any other highly complex commercial product such as coffee. By year-end 1953, the many years of research by scientists using classical chemical techniques to define the composition of tobacco and its smoke provided meaningful information on the nature of over 300 tobacco components and fewer than 100 tobacco smoke components. Those involved in the pre-1954 research not only provided the cornerstone of our knowledge of the two compositions but also deserve the gratitude of their successors for the early information generated on tobacco and its smoke. This article is our tribute to those researchers who generated much meaningful knowledge on the composition of tobacco and tobacco smoke prior to 1954 despite the now known fractionation and analytical limitations of the so-called classical chemical techniques. It also notes the similarity of some of the early and more recent research results obtained on the chemical and biological properties of smoke condensate and several of its components from tobacco with those obtained by Roffo in the 1930s on a destructive distillate of tobacco.


Most insect-resistant transgenic cotton developed slowly in North China Plain, which made it susceptible to plant growth retardant DPC. The objective of this research was to verify the effects of mixture of DPC and plant growth accelerant DTA-6 (diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate) on seedling development of insect-resistant transgenic cotton and to offer data for developing new plant growth regulator fitting to it. Compared with single application of DPC, the mixture of DPC and DTA-6 not only increased the root length and the number of lateral root primordia of insect-resistant transgenic cotton, but also significantly diminished the inhibition of up-ground part caused by DPC. For example, the hypocotyls length of CCRI 30 decreased about 3% only, and the leaf area of seedlings of CCRI 30, DP99B and sGK321 was all equivalent to 93%~94% of respective control. These results were attributed to the increase of IAA concentration. in top, cotyledon and hypocotyls of insect-resistant transgenic cotton. Furthermore, the mixture of DPC and DTA-6 increased the number of granalamellae in chloroplast and enhanced the photosynthetic rate of functional leaf of insect-resistant transgenic cotton. Obviously, the mixture of DPC and DTA-6 retained the function of enhancing root development of DPC, which was in favor of adversity-resistance and preventing premature senescence. At the same time, DTA-6 counteracted the inhibition of up-ground part caused by DPC in great extent, which was in favor of seedling rapid growth of insect-resistant transgenic cotton.


The aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is an anatomical abnormality encountered by anatomists and pathologists and more recently radiologists, interventional cardiologists and thoracic surgeons. The incidence of ARSA is 0.2-2% in the population. Cases of an ARSA in retro-tracheal and retro-oesophageal courses in association with common trunk of both carotid arteries have been rarely reported in literature. We reported the case of a retro tracheal RSCA, which originated distally along the left aortic arch and coursed behind the trachea and the oesophagus, diagnosed on computerized tomography angiography (CTA). This was associated with a rare variant of the aortic arch; in which the arch had a common trunk as first branch, which subsequently bifurcated to give the right and left common carotid arteries without any aneurysmal dilatation.


A comprehensive and updated overview of the theory, algorithms and applications of for electromagnetic inverse scattering problems • Offers the recent and most important advances in inverse scattering grounded in fundamental theory, algorithms and practical engineering applications • Covers the latest, most relevant inverse scattering techniques like signal subspace methods, time reversal, linear sampling, qualitative methods, compressive sensing, and noniterative methods • Emphasizes theory, mathematical derivation and physical insights of various inverse scattering problems • Written by a leading expert in the field


The accuracy of information retrieval systems is measured by the relevancy of retrieved results as per the user's query. Relevant results are presented by performing various methods viz. indexing and crawling and the output of these processes is the retrieved results that have to pass through the ranking process which is the central goal of information retrieval systems. The ranking is carried out through the classification or clustering of processed results which can include redundant and noisy features. The accuracy of classification or clusters for the ranking process can be maximized by removing noisy and duplicate features through the feature selection method. Although feature selection is an expensive computational process, after many decades, quantum computation tools are in use for many algorithms to implement realistic problems, particularly in the standard of Quantum Annealing. This paper focuses to prospect the standard of quantum computing in order to increase the quality of information classes through the feature selection method. The persuasiveness of the quantum approach is comparable to the classical process that focused on the reliability of quantum methodology from different perspectives.


PurposeThis study draws on the upper echelon perspective and effectuation theory to put insights on the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study had adopted the cluster-sampling approach to collect data from 500 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) established in China and India with 46.60% response rate. The SmartPLS 3.0 was employed for data analysis.FindingsThis study verified the mediating role of frugal innovation in emerging markets. Both market and technological turbulence significantly moderated the sustainable leadership-frugal innovation relationship. Nevertheless, the effect of sustainable leadership on frugal innovation did not vary for the different values of entrepreneurial bricolage.Originality/valueThis article contributes by revealing the moderating effect of market and technological turbulence as moderator. Greater market and technological turbulence led to greater impact of sustainable leadership practices on frugal innovation.


This article offers a critical textual analysis of hundreds of advertisements that appeared in Polish magazines at a pivotal historical juncture: following the collapse of communism and at the rise of a capitalist market economy in the early 1990s. It draws out from the visual and rhetorical data emblematic themes and sociocultural undercurrents concerning entrepreneurial opportunism and financial reassurance, status envy and post-rationing excess and interconnected solidarity with the West through brands and the English language itself. By studying the anxieties and aspirations represented in this symbolic material, we might better understand how new consumers were ideologically shepherded through a moment of profound political transition. The study represents a starting point for future investigation into how advertising produces its subjects in the aftermath of communism.


IF I HAVE any justification for delivering this lecture to this audience it is that one generally sees more from the auditorium than the stage and as a general surgeon I have spent much of my time in the auditorium. Good fortune put me at the hospital which had the traditions of Liston and Heath carried on by Trotter in pure surgery, Dr. Hilton in radiotherapy, Myles Formby in the special branch and David Matthews in plastic surgery, so if my time in the auditorium has been wasted it is my own fault.


To inspect the yarn-dyed fabric density automatically, an effective image analysis method based on mathematical statistics of sub-images is proposed in this paper. This method consists of two main steps: rough measurement and precise measurement. The rough measurement is based on projection curve of the whole fabric image. The fabric image is converted into HSV model from RGB model firstly, and then the projection curve of value is gained directly. The number of yarns is obtained by counting the number of peaks in the curve roughly. The precise measurement is based on projection curves of the fabric sub-images. According to the roughly estimated yarn number, the whole fabric image is divided into a certain amount of sub-images and the projection method is applied to all the sub-images, respectively. The probability distribution map of peaks is obtained by processing the projection curves of all sub-images and the positions of the yarn center are located in the frequency curve generated from the map by mathematical statistics method. The number of peaks in the frequency curve is counted, and, therefore, the number of yarns is detected, and the density can be calculated precisely. The experimental results proved that the proposed method is effective for yarn-dyed fabrics and can satisfy the requirement for production practice.


This review article presents recent work in piezoelectric and ferroelectric devices for Army applications requiring energy efficient electronics and efficient power sources. The article highlights device designs and techniques for thin-film materials such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), aluminum nitride (AlN) and quartz for high radio frequency (RF) piezoelectric transformers and matching networks. Thin-film and bulk-scale PZT as well as other ferroelectric materials are considered for power source applications such as wireless power transfer and combustion-based heat sources. 3D printing techniques in low-cost printing tools are presented showing ferroelectret devices and the ability to selectively pattern and include conductive copper conductive traces for applications including energy harvesting and sensors.


This index provides exact and estimated time references to the origins of songs in this book titled Sukuma Labor Songs from Western Tanzania. If the exact date is known, it is listed. An approximate timeframe is signified by a range of years (19401960). A dash preceding a year (1960) signifies that the song is known only to have been composed sometime before the year cited, the year that it was collected.Keywords: Sukuma labor songs; western Tanzania


My essay for the Waterwheel project entitled "Wheel of fortune: re-gifting art-life" will examine the Waterwheel project from the point of view of gift economies and discuss the benefits and sustainability of this model for collaboration and cooperation. This essay builds upon the history of gift economies, focusing on the gift as a mode of collaboration and platform for exchange. The alchemical notion of the gift that Gordon Matta- Clark cafe "FOOD" offers will be discussed as a precursor to the transformation of relations evident in the workshop series organized by Erin Manning and Brian Massumi. In particular, this essay will emphasize the way transformation has been used to rethink the gift as modeling of collaboration and re-imagining of the ties between research creation and social activism. From these discussions the context and ethos by which to understand the aims of the Waterwheel project will be addressed.


This paper sums up the research traits,trends and new development in construction quality supervision of foreign countries.It also analyses Chinese management reform and relation studies.Then it puts forward some direction to management system,mechanism,evaluation,and incentive and restriction system and so on.


AbstractBuried water pipelines deteriorate in response to several variables such as pressure transients, corrosion, and pipeline material degradation, among others, that are dynamic processes, and ...


Although many medical centers have implemented MDTMs, and several previous studies have shown that they generally improve patient satisfaction and physician adherence to treatment guidelines, their use is not universally supported. Some have argued that MDTMs increase costs and waiting times without achieving any documented benefit. "Nowadays, most patients are already discussed by an MDT, ensuring it is increasingly difficult to find an appropriate comparison group," explains lead author Yara L. Basta, MD, PhD, an emergency medicine resident at the University of Amsterdam. Study Details The research was performed as part of Dr. Basta's PhD thesis project concerning the logistics of a multidisciplinary, fast-track outpatient clinic for patients with GI malignancies. "At the start of my research I had noticed that, although increasingly more articles on multidisciplinary care were being published, different end points for measuring the quality of multidisciplinary care were being used," she explained. "Additionally, most of the literature regarding multidisciplinary teams did not concern gastrointestinal malignancies. Therefore, the need arose to systematically research the literature to learn what was known about the benefit of multidisciplinary care for patients with gastrointestinal malignancies."


The Yellow River brought a great deal of sediments to Diaokou area during 1964 ~ 1976 when the Yellow River changed its course to Diaokou River,deposited and formed the Diaokou lobe.It has experienced complete natural evolution process of modern Yellow River delta and has formed a complete set of modern Yellow River delta depositional system,and it is of great theoretical significance to recognize the evolution of the modern Yellow River Delta.Based on the characteristics of grain size,magnetism and AMS14C of Cores ZK10-3 and ZK30 in the north of Diaokou lobe,combined with Cores ZK227,ZK1,ZK228 in the south of Diaokou lobe,we discussed the recent and Holocene stratigraphic evolution of the Diaokou lobe area and its formation process.Sedimentary stratigraphy of Diaokou lobe from the Holocene may include facies of shallow sea,river and lake,salt marsh,shallow sea and delta from bottom to top.The study area received deltaic deposit from 1855,experienced prodelta,delta front(lateral) area and delta plain.After 1964,when the Diaokou lobe began to form,it experienced four stages of flow deposition,single channel deposition,diversion deposition and abandoned erosion.


Modelers have choices in how they approach a problem, with different approaches potentially leading to different outcomes. Sometimes one approach gives a consistently lower (or higher) result than another. The theorem and corollaries in this study show that if the logistic equation or, equivalently, the SI model, are perturbed at time zero by a range of values with mean zero, the resulting trajectories must average to a value below (for logistic and I) or above (for S) the solution with average initial condition. The proof of the theorem shows that this phenomenon is the result of algebraic properties of the nonlinear quadratic term, although we note it can be extended to a larger class of systems. More importantly it shows that the only necessary criterion is that the perturbations average to zero. The source of them and the properties of their distribution does not matter to the result of the theorem but does affect the magnitude of the proven difference.


A giant arachnoid cyst (6 × 8 × 11 cm) of left middle cranial fossa was found incidentally in a 3-year-old boy with head MRI examination for increased head circumference (figure 1). Surgical intervention was refused by his parents since the boy was asymptomatic, and the patient was followed up. Repeated MRI performed 2 years later revealed disappearance of the cyst, and the compressed brain tissue had significantly re-expanded (figure 2). There was no history of head trauma or stroke. The spontaneous resolution of a giant intracranial arachnoid cyst is extremely rare and the mechanism is not clear.1,2


Introduction The benefits of physical activity for health and well-being are well established, yet built environment characteristics in the school neighborhood may constrain students' ability to engage in physical activity and contribute to the considerable variation in physical activity among students at different schools. Methods Baseline data from the Food, Health and Choices obesity prevention trial were used to create multilevel linear models of the relationship between fifth-grade students' (n = 952) physical activity and related psychosocial factors and characteristics of the built environment of the school's neighborhood (park access, public transportation density, total crime, and walkability), controlling for age and body mass index z scores. Results Total crime was inversely associated with boys' light physical activity duration (β = −0.189; P = .02) and behavioral intention for physical activity (β = −0.178; P = .03). Boys' habit strength for physical activity was positively associated with public transportation density (β = 0.375; P = .02) and negatively associated with total crime (β = −0.216; P = .01), explaining 67% of between-school variation. Girls' frequency of light physical activity was positively associated with park access (β = 0.188; P = .04). Built environment characteristics explained 97% of the between-school variation in girls' self-efficacy in walking for exercise. Conclusions Characteristics of the built environment surrounding schools were associated with and explain between-school variation in students' physical activity and several theory-based psychosocial factors. Partnerships between public health practitioners, policy makers, and school administrators may be warranted to shape the school neighborhood, specifically to decrease crime rates and increase park access, to encourage physical activity in youth.


This study aimed to develop "Academic Motivation Scale for Learning Biology (AMSLB)" for high school students. The sample of the study consisted of randomly selected 472 students studying at the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades of a science high school and five Anatolian high schools located in the central district of Kars. The scale development process included three steps: (1) exploratory factor analysis, (2) replication of the exploratory factor analysis with a different sample, and (3) confirmatory factor analysis. According to the analyses results, the scale was composed of 19 items and 4 sub-scales. These sub-scales were named as Intrinsic Motivation, Amotivation, Extrinsic Motivation - Career and Extrinsic Motivation - Social. The internal consistency of the scale was computed by using Cronbach Alpha and it was revealed that the results derived from this dataset had high reliability.


The recent H5N1 avian influenza transmissibility and pathogenesis studies sparked the debate over how to deal with dual-use scientific research. Dual-use research of concern (DURC), in the life sciences, may ultimately yield new information critical in the development of diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines, but also has the potential to be used maliciously by some individuals or groups. If DURC results are misused, it not only poses a threat to national security but also to the survival of human beings. Therefore, the debate should not be focused on if DURC research should be restricted but on the degree to which DURC research should be restricted.


We prove that the autonomous norm on the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of the two-dimensional torus is unbounded. We provide explicit examples of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms with arbitrarily large autonomous norm. For the proofs we construct quasimorphisms on $Ham(T^2)$ and some of them are Calabi.