Cardiovascular diseases have become the most significant cause of global mortality and morbidity, particularly for low and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. This condition is widely attributable to unhealthy outcomes in its association with risk factors such as age, obesity, smoking, low socioeconomic state, and sedentary lifestyle, which play a significant role in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. A prospective case study conducted in a few hospitals (both government and private) of Noakhali district, Bangladesh, and 50 subjects were included in the study. About 52% of patients had total cholesterol above normal level (>200 mg/dl), 64% of patients had triglycerides >150mg/dl, and hence HDL level also showed poor level for 80% of the patients (<40mg/dl). About 58% were smokers, and 68% consumed smokeless tobacco at a certain point and mostly relied on carbohydrate consumption in their diet. 42% of them are living a sedentary lifestyle, and male patients had significantly higher triglyceride levels than females (P<0.035). Moreover, with the increase of age, the level of physical activity decreased with time (p<0.003), and female patients were more lethargic than males in doing so (p<0.033). Obesity creped into patients if there were either widowed or separated from their partners (p<0.009) with reducing physical mobility (p<0.007). Smokeless tobacco uses found to be high in patients with low education levels (p<0.005). Our study showed that the common risk factors among our subjects without comorbidity were age, obesity and overweight, physical inactivity, low socioeconomic status,


The paper illustrates the features and purpose of the encounter simulation of the carrier antiaircraft weapon system, and Presents framework structure of encounter simulation model of the carrier antiaircraft weapon system .Also analyses methods of establishing model, and finally gives flow chat of encounter simulation of the carrier antiaircraft weapon system .


Indium–gallium–zinc-oxide (IGZO) photoelectric neuromorphic transistors with low-temperature atomic layer deposited Al2O3 gate dielectrics are fabricated. Dual-functional long-term plasticity, including long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP), is emulated. The emulation of LTD is achieved by applying high-electrical pulse trains on the gate electrode. The LTP emulation is realized by applying light pulse trains on the IGZO channel layer. The operation mechanisms of the LTD and the LTP are discussed based on the electron/hole trapping in the Al2O3 gate dielectrics and the persistent photoconductivity of the IGZO channel layer.


There is a decades-old debate in social work regarding the appropriateness of the use of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) by clinicians in this profession. Despite often contentious perspectives, there has been very little study regarding clinical social workers' experiences, attitudes, and beliefs about the use of the DSM in their work. In this qualitative inquiry, 20 clinical social workers who had recently completed master's of social work coursework and were working with children were interviewed using grounded theory methods. Results of the inquiry are presented and implications for social work education are discussed.


A proper grouping and delineation of the soils ofTripura have been attempted using the latest remote sensing techniques as well as field and laboratory studies to suit applications in several developmental projects of the state. The soils which occupy the tillas and hills are loamy textured and well drained. Waterlogged soils, however, occur in the basins and are intensively cultivated. The soils, in general, are acidic in reaction and medium in organic carbon content. The soil texture is variable in nature, ranging from sand in the uplands to clay in the low lands including marshy and watcrlogged area .. The soils have been classified into 5 orders, 7 suborders, 9 great groups and 19 subgroups. The 5 orders viz. Inceptisols, Entisols, Ultisols, Alfisols and Histosols occupy 80.6, 8.1,6.6,4.5 and 0.2 per cent area respectively. Additional key words: Taxonomic grouping, hills, basins.


A number of fossil leaves of the Lauraceae were collected from Tuantian flora of the late Pliocene strata in Yunnan, China. They have a whole leaf shape and well-preserved cuticles. In this paper, features of the architecture and epidermis of three species of the Lauraceae family with ternate venation are reported. Results of the comparison between the venation characteristics of Lauraceae fossils from four fossil floras in the world and those of extant Lauraceae in China suggest that the proportion of Lauraceae species with ternate venation is increasing. The proportion has risen from 10% in the Eocene to 12.5% in the late Pliocene in China, whereas the proportion in the modern era is 21%. Moreover, the proportion of Australian floras with ternate venation has rised from 8.3% to 10% between the Eocene and the Miocene. Because of the effect of the global drought during the Cenozoic era, we suggested that species with ternate venation in Lauraceae have become increasingly prevalent between the Eocene era and the present day in China. Data on Nerriga flora and Maarlake flora since the Eocene era in the Southern Hemisphere show the same trend. While features of the leaf architecture and epidermis of Lindera acuminatissima differ in details. They all have similar identification characteristics with regard to basal eucamptodromous venation, interior 2° present, minor 2° simple brochidodromous, anticlinal walls, no surface ornamentation, lip-like guard cells, outer stomatal ledge plain or dimness, and paracytic stomatal aperture. These differences are also present in extant species. Compared with Lindera tonkinensis, the nearest living relative(NLR) of L. acuminatissima shows that these differences are relevant to the growth, position, and development of leaves. Leaf-type classification statistics of L. acuminatissima indicate that when all fossil leaves are taken into consideration, A-type leaves account for 24%, B-type leaves make up 56%, and C-typy leaves account for 20%. Comparing the above result with that of N


It is a method and system for performing the treatment to the uterus of the patient. Contact in order to keep away the surface of the uterus in the organization from the opening of the access tool lumen, the extension mechanism and endometrial tissue; In some embodiments, the method comprising the step of inserting into the uterus access tool through the cervix and cervical including the; is not a step to be placed; a step of sending the steam into the uterus through the steam delivery tool; and step condensing the steam on the uterus within the organization. The system, an access tool configured to insert through human cervical, placing the opening of the access tool lumen uterus upon insertion through the cervix, the access tool and; from the opening of the access tool lumen in order to keep away the surface of the uterus in the organization, expansion mechanism and was adapted to advance into the uterus; and steam delivery mechanism was configured to send a condensable vapor into the uterus through the access tool; wherein the condensable vapor condense in utero. .FIELD 1


We investigated the carbon isotope composition of mantle source beneath the Hyblean Plateau (southeast Sicily, Italy) by studying CO2 in fluid inclusions from ultramafic xenoliths recovered in some Miocene diatremes. In order to constrain the processes influencing the isotopic marker of carbon we combined δ13CCO2 results with information about noble gases (He and Ar) obtained in a previous investigation of the same products. Although Ar/CO2 and He/Ar ratios provide evidence of Rayleigh‐type fractional degassing, the isotopic geochemistry of carbon is poorly influenced by this process. Mixing related to metasomatic processes where MORB‐type pyroxenitic melts permeate a peridotite mantle probably contaminated by crustal fluids inherited from a fossil subduction can explain the measured δ13C and CO2/3He variations, ranging from −4‰ to −2‰ and from 109 to 1010, respectively. Simple mass‐balance calculations highlighted that the Hyblean peridotite source was mainly contaminated by the carbonate source, being carbonate and organic matter present at a ratio that varied within the range from 7:1 to 4:1.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, their preparation using the amorphous olefin polymer and a cation polymerization, it relates to the functionalization and derivatization of such as well the polymer. The present invention has the formula: at least one monomer having a H R is preferably an ethyl group (-CH


To develop a supply chain management (SCM) system that performs optimally for both each entity in the chain and the entire chain, a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) technique has been developed. To solve two problems of the MARL for SCM (building a Markov decision processes for a supply chain and avoiding learning stagnation in a way similar to the "prisoner's dilemma"), a learning management method with deep-neural-network (DNN)-weight evolution (LM-DWE) has been developed. By using a beer distribution game (BDG) as an example of a supply chain, experiments with a four-agent system were performed. Consequently, the LM-DWE successfully solved the above two problems and achieved 80.0% lower total cost than expert players of the BDG.


His parents described paroxysms of non-productive cough, worse at mealtimes and when lying fl at. His cough had started abruptly, had persisted for three months and had not improved following trial of antirefl ux therapy and antibiotics. They also commented that he had foul smelling breath after eructation but had been well otherwise. After further prompting, they recounted an incident several weeks earlier where he had bitten off the end of a plastic spoon while eating and thought that the onset of symptoms had a temporal relationship to the incident.


The Miao ethnic's multi-parts love songs is deeply rooted in the living culture of its community.With the development of its economy and change of its culture,the multi-parts love songs is at the stink of disappearing.The Miao ethnic's multi-parts love songs should be protected in given social and cultural environment.In this article,the author tries to analyze the present condition of the Miao ethnic's multi-parts love songs and the reasons why it is disappearing.On the basis,the author suggests ways to protect the Miao ethnic's multi-parts love songs under changing social and cultural conditions.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the efficiency of different waste heat boiler arrangements for the main Diesel engine types, taking into consideration the influence of the more important design parameters such as live steam condition, condenser pressure, heating steam rate, feed-water temperature and engine loading on the electrical power produced. A thermodynamic comparison is made of four arrangements in general use(1) Exhaust-gas boiler without economizer; (2) Exhaust-gas boiler with economizer cooled by the feed-water flow; (3) Exhaust-gas boiler with economizer cooled by the recirculating flow; and (4) Exhaust-gas boiler with integrated economizer. An investigation has also been made of the efficiency of a turbo-generator comprising a reaction type condensing turbine with nozzle group control and thermal-elastic supported guide-blade carrier. The results of both investigations are presented in a series of design graphs to allow quick and reliable determination of the best waste heat boiler arrangement for the particular electrical energy requirements of the ship. Order from: BSRA as No. 47,171.


For sustainable boro rice production in Bangladesh, a balanced fertilization to improve the current soil condition caused by mono-application of inorganic fertilizers and appropriate rice variety selection are very crucial. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the boro season of December 2016 to May 2017 to evaluate the effect of integrated nutrient management on two boro rice cultivars. The varieties were BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 and eight kinds of nutrient management viz., control (no fertilizers), recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (120-60-40 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1 + gypsum 60 kg ha-1 and ZnSO4 @ 10 kg ha-1), full dose of poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, cowdung @ 10 t ha-1, poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 50% prilled urea and full dose of other inorganic fertilizers, cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 + 50% prilled urea and full dose of inorganic fertilizers, poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 75% prilled urea and full dose of inorganic fertilizers, and cowdung @ 5 t ha-1 + 75% prilled urea and full dose of other inorganic fertilizers. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Result showed that, yield and yield components of boro rice were significantly influenced by variety, nutrient management and interaction of variety and nutrient management. In respect of grain yield, BRRI dhan29 produced the maximum yield (5.46 t ha-1). BRRI dhan28 showed poor performance with all characters and gave the minimum yield (4.07 t ha-1). In case of nutrient managements, the highest yield and yield component were obtained from poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 50% prilled urea and full dose of inorganic fertilizers and produced the maximum grain yield (5.70 t ha-1). In the interaction of variety and integrated nutrient management, the highest grain yield (6.83 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.61 t ha-1) was obtained from poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 50% prilled urea and full dose of inorganic fertilizers with BRRI dhan29 variety. So, BRRI dhan29 with 2.5 t ha-1 poultry manure + 50% prilled urea and full dose of the recommended inorganic fertilizers might be a promising practice for boro rice cultivation.


The static adsorption on reservoir sand of Daqing oil field at 45℃ of heavy alkylbenzene sulfonates(HABS) is studied. The results show that the adsorption of HABS from plain aqueous solution is low due to relatively large molecular section area, but is larger from NaOH solution because of the sensitivity to electrolyte of the higher molecular mass components contained. The static adsorption isotherm of HABS from 0.8 g/dL NaOH solution is of the Langmuir's type with the saturation adsorption of 2.39 mg/g sand. The adsorption of HABS from 0.6—1.2 g/dL Na 3PO 4 and Na 2SiO 3 solutions is in the range of 0.5—0.9 mg/g sand, approximately a third of that from NaOH and Na 2CO 3 solutions. The surfactant adsorption can be significantly reduced by mixing HABS with a small proportion of an electrolyte tolerant surfactant such as AES and by using mixed alkaline NaOH/Na 3PO 4. From plain,1.0 g/dL NaOH, and 1.0 g/dL Na 3PO 4 aqueous solutions, the adsorption of a compounded HABS for enhancing oil recovery is less than, equivalent to, and less than that of Witco's sulfonate ORS 41, respectively. The presence of polymer in solution is beneficial to the reduction of surfactant adsorption.


This subject has several natural points of view, but we shall start with the one that corresponds to the following question : Is there something like LittlewoodPaley theory which is useful for analyzing the geometry of subsets of Rn, in much the same way that traditional Littlewood-Paley theory is good for analyzing functions and operators? To explain what we mean by this let us first give examples of classical ideas of which we would like to have counterparts in this geometrical setting .


Intelligence composing examination model is given in the paper.The suitable population can be generated by using coding,initial population,iterative steps in genetic algorithm,and crossover probability,mutation probability and fitness to judge the convergence of iterations.To compare genetic algorithms with other strategies in composing examination system,genetic algorithms is found to be superior to the traditional strategy in composing examination frequency and time consuming.


While centralized linear equalization algorithms can achieve a near optimal uplink detection performance for Massive MIMO systems at the base station, the required interconnect and off-chip input/output data rates surpass the bandwidth of existing interconnect standards. The fully decentralized feedforward equalization architecture can alleviate these bottlenecks by performing the signal equalization in decentralized clusters using only local channel state information. As the effectiveness of the decentralized equalization heavily depends on the fusion of the local signal estimates, we present a novel combiner algorithm based on the multistep method that is capable to reduce the performance loss in contrast to the centralized equalization approach.


This study entitled the people perception towards the role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the provision of health facilities in district Swat, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan" was conducted with objectives to measure the attitude of the target population about the NGOs intervention in the study area through pre and post-relationship on health facilities". A sample size of 230 out of 450 populations was selected through a simple random sampling procedure. The study concluded that the number of disabled centers increased, hygiene kits and sanitation kits were distributed, medical teams/doctors and medicines were provided by NGOs, mosquito nets distributed, the establishment of BHUs, mobile hospitals, and free medical camps were increased post-NGOs intervention as a significant change with the level of satisfaction of the locals. Based on the findings of the study, extend projects to other far plunged and neglected areas while incorporating all felt needs of the locals.


Based on the ecological footprint method,established tourism ecological footprint model and calculated tourism ecological footprint of Panzhihua city in 2008.It showed that the regional ecological deficit is 13.0516hm2 per capita,tourism,ecological pressure is unsustainable development in mass.However,cultivated land and woodland has vast development space and potential,it's good for optimizing the industrial structure and achieving sustainable development.Therefore,it must explore agricultural and tourism,and energetically developed sports tourism,tourist project sightseeing agriculture,etc.


━━ Background. The development of radiation-induced cancer is sometimes a problem in cases of long-term survival after radiotherapy. Case. A 59-year-old man with an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray was admitted to our hospital in 2005, at which time he was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma on a further examination (cT2aN2M0, stage IIIA). He was subsequently treated with two courses of chemotherapy (mitomycin, vindesine and cisplatin) and concurrent radiotherapy (60 Gy 30 Fr) and achieved a complete response, with no recurrence for eight years. A follow-up chest X-ray and CT scan revealed a new tumor in the right upper lobe. Under a diagnosis of second primary lung cancer, we performed right upper lobectomy, which showed the tumor to consist of both small and large cell cancer. Since the second tumor received a different histological diagnosis and appeared within the irradiated field of the initial tumor treated eight years previously, we suspected radiationinduced cancer. The patient was therefore treated with four courses of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin+irinotecan) and has since been free of recurrence for one year. Conclusions. Radiation-induced cancer has a long incubation period. Therefore, careful observation is required after definitive radiation therapy in longterm survivors. (JJLC. 2015;55:9-13) KEY WORDS━━Radiation-induced lung cancer, Lobectomy after chemoradiotherapy, Radiotherapy Received August 28, 2014; accepted December 14, 2014. 要旨━━背景.放射線治療後の長期生存例では放射線 誘発癌が問題となることがある.症例.67 歳,男性.健 診で胸部異常陰影を指摘された.精査で右上葉の肺扁平 上皮癌(cT2aN2M0,stage IIIA)と診断し,mitomycin+ vindesine+cisplatin(MMC+VDS+CDDP)による化学 療法 2コースと 60 Gy の同時性放射線療法を施行した. 治療の結果 complete response(CR)であり,以後再燃な く経過観察されていた.8年後の CT検査で放射線治療 後器質化肺内に,腫瘤の出現を認めた.異時性の原発性 肺癌(cT2aN0M0,stage IB)と考え右上葉切除術を施行 し,小細胞癌と大細胞癌が混在した腫瘍(pT4N0M0, stage IIIA)と診断した.本症例は,初回癌と二次癌の組 織型が異なること,放射性瘢痕肺内に腫瘍が増生してい ること,照射から 8年経過していることから,放射線誘 発癌である可能性が高いと考えられた.術後CDDP+irinotecan による化学療法を 4コース施行し,1年目の現 在無再発生存中である.結論.放射線誘発癌は潜伏期間 が長く,慎重な長期経過観察が必要であると考えられた. 索引用語━━放射線誘発肺癌,化学放射線療法後の肺葉 切除,放射線治療 国立病院機構四国がんセンター 1呼吸器外科,2呼吸器内科. 受付日:2014 年 8 月 28 日,採択日:2014 年 12 月 14 日. (肺癌.2015;55:9-13) 2015 The Japan Lung Cancer Society A Case Report of Radiation-induced Small Cell Lung Cancer―Tanaka et al 10 Japanese Journal of Lung Cancer―Vol 55, No 1, Feb 20, 2015―www.haigan.gr.jp Figure 1. A chest X-ray and CT scan showed primary lung cancer in the right S2 and S6 extending across the major fissure. はじめに 治療技術の進歩に伴い,放射線療法は悪性腫瘍の治療 に大いに貢献している.しかし放射線は発癌因子として の働きも有しており,長期生存例では放射線誘発癌が問 題となる.今回,肺扁平上皮癌に対する化学放射線療法 施行 8年後に,照射野内に小細胞癌と大細胞癌が混在す る腫瘍が発生した症例を経験し,放射線誘発癌と考えら れたので報告する.


The Food Processing and Pharmaceutical Industries are in the First S- Curve Industry Group, which the government encourages to chance Thai economy overcome the Middle-Income Trap Country. The machinery is a part of important upstream chain in the industry. Accordingly, this research aims to study the true requirements of machines' characteristics by Quality Function Deployment Technique that is House of Quality. This study started with a desktop research of technologies and characteristics of machines in Food Processing and Pharmaceutical Industry. Then the information was used to design a questionnaire for extracting the depth needs of the samples of 231 company, at a 95% confidence level which based on the sample calculation of the Taro Yamane method. Then the collected data was used to create Houses of Quality according to the process group. The result shows the development guidelines of machines' characteristics in which the machine makes should consider; such as, Lifetime that affects material selection, investment and competitive countries potential evaluate to be a framework for the development of machinery capabilities in The Food Processing and Pharmaceutical Industry.


. The "Covid - 19" pandemic has the potential to be detrimental in all aspects of people's lives, not only health aspects but also other aspects such as socio-economic aspects. The impact of social vulnerability can cause people to take three interrelated actions, namely apathy, irrationality, and criminal behavior. We see that in today's social phenomena. Therefore, what happens to society is the culmination of the social trauma faced by society today. First, indifference. Second, irrational actions. Third, criminal acts. The objectives of this research are: (1) To explain the process of compiling a social vulnerability in people who feel the impact of the "Covid - 19"; and (2) To formulate a model instrument for mapping social vulnerability mapping model instrument for people who feel the impact of the "Covid - 19". The research location is in DKI Jakarta. The research approach used is a qualitative research approach. While the type of research used is the type of descriptive research. In accordance with research conducted by researchers, it is known that the mapping of social vulnerabilities in communities affected by the "Covid - 19", namely (1) Limited space for social interaction; (2) Disruption of household income; and (3) children experience learning backward. In addition, researchers also formulated alternative designs in mapping social vulnerabilities in order to map the extent of the effects felt by the community for the "Covid - 19" that has occurred so far.


A comparison of the theories of Tolman and Hull as linear performance models, following Restle's treatment of Tolman, showed some formal similarities and some differences. The comparison brought out the sense in which Tolman's theory is cognitive and Hull's is not. It also showed that Tolman's theory is more open to experimental disproof than Hull's.


As organizations increasingly digitize their business processes, the role of recommender systems in work environments is expanding. The goal of the RecWork workshop is closing the gap in recommender systems research for work environments in areas such as calendaring, productivity, community building, space planning, workforce development, and information routing. RecWork will bring together experts who will collaboratively synthesize a forward-looking research agenda for recommender systems in the workplace. The outcome will be captured through a white paper that will serve as the foundation for future RecWork workshops. These steps will help advance research in workplace recommenders and broaden the reach of the RecSys conference.


The plant layout, process, main equipment parameters, economic index and automatic control level of the small section mill of A.C. plant are introduced. The characteristic of the mill is can produce many varieties products.


A new approach to the computation of the Schwarz–Christoffel formula is presented, which was suggested by previous experience with various algorithms. It exploits the similarity between actual and image polygon geometries to implement singularity cancellations in a simple, yet effective way. Some results are presented for significant mapping examples, and they are briefly discussed. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 196–199, 2002.


The diuron pollution level and contents of petroleum hydrocarbons were investigated in seawaters from the west coastal sea area of Zhoushan island from 2011 to 2013 and from 2011 to 2012,respectively.The results showed that the concentration of diuron in seawaters varies from less than 3 to 52.1 ng/L,the average level of less than 11.1 ng/L.The annual average content were less than 7.9 ng/L in 2011,13.9 ng/L in 2012,12.3 ng/L in 2013,respectively.And the concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon in surface seawaters varied from 0.019-0.244 mg/L,with average concentration of 0.066 mg/L,less than the national Category IV of the seawater quality standard for harbors and marinas.Diuron accumulation in seawaters may present a potential undetermined risk for marine ecosystem in investigated sea aera.


Since the 1970s, several authors have studied the structure of the set partitioning polytope and proposed adaptations of the simplex algorithm that find an optimal solution via a sequence of basic integer solutions. Balas and Padberg in 1972 proved the existence of such a sequence with nonincreasing costs, but degeneracy makes it difficult to find the terms of the sequence. This paper uses ideas from the improved primal simplex to deal efficiently with degeneracy and find subsequent terms in the sequence. When there is no entering variable that leads to a better integer solution, the algorithm referred to as the integral simplex using decomposition algorithm uses a subproblem to find a group of variables to enter into the basis in order to obtain such a solution. We improve the Balas and Padberg results by introducing a constructive method that finds this sequence by only using normal pivots on positive coefficients. We present results for large-scale problems with up to 500,000 variables for which optimal integer solutions are often obtained without any branching.


machine, recipe cards, and the identification cards in her wallet, the diary is one more artefact that paints a picture of Ida's life in a particular social, economic, and historical context. Certainly, a diary is a more loquacious artefact, and even if it is a tersely worded accounting like this one, it can engage readers. In this case, the authors are in rich dialogue with the text to unearth the textures and rhythms of daily life in Saint John, New Brunswick, from the 1940s until 1992. As Boudreau and Huskins write, Ida's recorded routines and habits exist in the "intersecting geographies of daily social life" (78), and they go to careful lengths to explain how that manifests in the world described in the diary. I expected to find a richly annotated edition of a manuscript diary; instead, each chapter of Just the Usual Work delves into one tightly focused aspect of a woman's working-class life in postwar Saint John, using the diaries as a departure point and as evidentiary terrain. The breadth of territory covered here means that this edited diary will prove interesting and useful to a wide variety of lay readers and researchers. Boudreau and Huskins dive into investigations of the economic conditions of Saint John, of cultural norms, like drinking culture or car culture in the era after the 1950s, of the social networks of working men and women, and of the expectations and upheavals of old age and widowhood. They correctly note that "elderly men and women are 'the most invisible to the social historian'" (106), and, for this alone, the edition breaks fresh ground in terms of reading life writing across an entire life span. The research of Boudreau and Huskins allows us to determine how typical or atypical Ida Martin was within her time and social class, while photographs of the diarist and her diary add to the overall portrait. The dialogue between the diarist and the authors is further enriched by the fact that one of the authors is the granddaughter of the diarist, but this never overwhelms the scholarly work of the book; it is added to the discussion in judicious amounts. Ultimately, Just the Usual Work is a lovely example of what can be done with scholarly care and attention and one manuscript diary, suggesting that, with this kind of attention, there is a rich trove of historical sources that remain in archives or private possession waiting to be brought to life. kathryn carter Wilfrid Laurier University


The public consultation system in the legislation in Canada goes back to the 1930s.In the 1960s,it took shape due to its involvement in environmental planning.In the late 20th century,Canada issued a series of legal documents,thus greatly improving this system.In practice,it is generally conducted as follows: setting the consultative goals,drawing up the consultative plans,issuing consultative notices,collecting public comments,preparing the consultative reports and providing feedback on consultative opinions.This system emphasizes and encourages the various consultative methods,the follow-up and evaluation of the results,the active public participation,and openness and transparency of the system.Thanks to these defining characteristics,the system has been cited as the "best practice" among those of the OECD members.


Objective: To explore Muslim women's views of neonatal end-of-life-care in Sweden. Methods: Interviews using a standardized questionnaire with open-ended questions about care before birth, directly after birth, and during and after the death of the infant. Content analysis was performed on the data. Participants: Eleven immigrant women of Muslim background living in Sweden. Results: The categories identified were information both useful and threatening, priority of medical facts, maternal feelings, roles of significant others, predetermined lifetime, protection of the dying infant, staff's role, memories aggravate the grief, special tradition, life after death and belief in the future. Conclusions: The women provided suggestions for improvement of care including being given sufficient information of and the need for culturally sensitive care. In providing care for Muslim women it is imperative that care take into account the woman's religion and ethnicity as well as individual preferences.


Objective To study expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP) and activation of dendritic cells(DC) in airway epithelia of asthmatic patients,and to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of TSLP on airway inflammation.Methods 10 asthmatic patients(asthma group) and 10 healthy subjects(control group) were collected.Bronchoscopic brushing smears were implemented to determine expression of TSLP by immunofluorescence cytochemistry.The levels of TSLP,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were detected by enzyme-linked mmunosorbent assay(ELISA).Expressions of CD40,CD80 and CD86 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were detected by florescence-activated cell sorting(FACS).Results IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 levels in the plasma in the asthma group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P0.05).Tight correlations of TSLP with IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were identified.TSLP in airway epithelia in the asthma group was more significantly increased compared with the control group(P0.01).Expressions of CD40,CD80 and CD86 in PBMCs in the asthma group were significantly higher than in the control group(P0.01).After treatment with inhalation of seretide(50/250) for one month,expression of TSLP and in asthmatic airway epithelia levels of CD40,CD80 and CD86 in PBMCs were significantly decreased,and levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in the plasma were also reduced.Conclusion TSLP is highly expressed in bronchial epithelia of asthmatic patients.TSLP activates DC by up-regulating expressions of CD40,CD80 and CD86,which induces CD+4 T cells to differentiate into Th2 cells and to produce type 2 responses,so that airway inflammation of asthma is aggravated.Activation of DC can be decreased by reducing expression of TSLP and secretion of Th2 cytokines,thereby alleviating inflammation of asthma.TSLP provides a promising strategy for the treatment of asthma.


Domestic cats are an important part of many Americans' lives, but effective control of the 60–100 million feral cats living throughout the country remains problematic. Although trap–neuter–vaccinate–return (TNVR) programmes are growing in popularity as alternatives to euthanizing feral cats, their ability to adequately address disease threats and population growth within managed cat colonies is dubious. Rabies transmission via feral cats is a particular concern as demonstrated by the significant proportion of rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis associated with exposures involving cats. Moreover, TNVR has not been shown to reliably reduce feral cat colony populations because of low implementation rates, inconsistent maintenance and immigration of unsterilized cats into colonies. For these reasons, TNVR programmes are not effective methods for reducing public health concerns or for controlling feral cat populations. Instead, responsible pet ownership, universal rabies vaccination of pets and removal of strays remain integral components to control rabies and other diseases.


The engineering experiment described here was spearheaded by a group of IRE Members who were convinced that the attitude of their communities on matters of science education could be influenced. In this project, ten high schools and over 40 industrial and scientific organizations joined in a series of supervised field trips by 400 selected high-school students. The program culminated in a three-day industrial exhibit which was viewed by approximately 25,000 visitors of all ages. Details on how this was organized as a community project are given.


The established standards for computing boiler efficiency err as they do not maintain the fundamental definition of how the energy content of a fossil fuel is determined. No error need exist if: 1) the referenced temperature used for computing boiler efficiency is taken as the calorimeter temperature at which heating value is obtained; and 2) consistent application is made of Enthalpy of Product and Reactant terms as based on the calorimetric process, the interpretation of such terms affecting the treatment of boiler losses and "credit" terms (e.g., fan powers, pulverizer shaft powers, etc.). Boiler efficiency is intrinsically bound with calorimetric temperature. Boiler efficiency associated with high energy fossil fuels, whose Heats of Combustion are insensitive to calorimetric temperature, will have intrinsically high uncertainty. However, for those fuels where adequate sensitivity exists, and the accuracies of modern calorimeters invoked, then boiler efficiency can be well understood such that fuel flows can be accurately computed.


Objective: This research was performed to determine the relation between hypertension and body mass index (BMI) in the workers of vitana factory that is under consideration of the University of Iran. Methods: This research is a cross sectional study. The data collection tool was questionnaire that had 2 parts. The first part complained individual information an dietary habits and the second part complained BMI measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the amounts of cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood sugar. The samples were 175 number of the workers of vitana factory who had been selected by the manner of census. Results: The results were as follows: The average and standard deviation of weight, height, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of workers were respectively 76.9 ± 11.27 kg, 170.81 ± 7.3 cm, 130 ± 17.66 mmHg and 82. 390 ± 12.22 mmHg. The average and standard deviation of blood cholesterol was 17.5 ± 68. In 17.2% of samples fasting blood sugar was > 120 mg/dl. BMI in 46.3% of workers was between 25 and 29.9 and in 21.7% was between 30 and 39.91. Conclusion: The results of the research showed that 15% of samples in the research society were affected by medium and severe degree of hypertension and two third (68%) were obese in the grade of 1 and 2, also a statistical meaningful relation between BMI and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.002) and between BMI and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.01) were founded. On the basis of this research it is necessary that periodical examination be done about workers of this factory for health planning in 3 fields: Screening, education and prevention.


Introduction to The Problem: A trustee agreement is an exclusive agreement in banking gives the bank the right and authority to manage the customer's assets as stated to the agreement The assets of trust assets are the property of the customer, the management of the assets must be separately carried out to implement the Prudential Principle and Pacta Sunt Servanda in banking contract. Purpose/Objective Study: Research and analyze the legal consequences of the trustee agreement and analyze the bank liability towards the insolvency status to the trustee agreement. Methodology/Approach: This Legal Research used normative positivism with the using of the Statute and Conceptual Approach. The Legal Research Sources divided into primary to the tertiary source. Findings: The research shows that the Bank is only as the manager of the asset; therefore, every legal conduct shall have approval from the Settlor under the trustee agreement. It means, if the assets are included as insolvency assets, it is a violation of contract as well as law where the dispute settlement shall be taken into account. Paper Type: This Research is Reseach Article completed by rules and regulations.


This paper is about the experience of Pelotas City and its research for cultural properties preservation in the town. It shows that only hard work and persistence can guaranty the over lasting of real historic witnesses of the city formation. In many years defenders of the cultural properties preservation have been trying to find means to protect the memory and the history of the city. Many advance and retrogress happened in this long period since the implementation of the II Master Plan, in the 1980's, until nowadays. Specific preservation laws, approved during 80th, were attempts that actually weren't realised either because of the non- preservationist awareness of socio- economic groups in the city involved with the dynamic and the development of the town and specially because of the discontinuity of preservation actions of public administration in the mentioned period. Although, in the 2000th, with the creation of a new legislation involved with the society and with effective politic- administrative support, the process of cultural properties preservation had definitely set up. The recognition of urban areas as preservation zones and the protection of inventoried properties, it had transformed gradually the perception of the urban place and the respect to the pre- existent environment, now considered for new interventions in the urban mean. The incentive for preservation of properties established through the exemption from building tax, is also a prominent factor in the rescue of the preservationist culture, such for recuperation of the historic- cultural properties, as for the patrimonial education promoted through the direct contact to the owners of the cultural properties. Nowadays Pelotas lives a good moment in the properties preservation area, but its important to maintain the conscience that this is a long and continuing process, where every time new challenges come up which always requires new victories.


A complex-ion reaction route under solvothermal conditions was investigated for the preparation of micrometer-sized NiAs-type α-NiS with complex architectures, on the basis of the strategy that the framework structure of PEG-NiCl2 complex could provide orientation for the growth of 3D NiAs-type α-NiS crystals. The as-prepared NiS powders with flower-like architectures were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), ultraviolet, visible light (UV-Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Fourier transform infrared absorption (FT-IR) spectra as functions of temperature were recorded to investigate the coordinative chemical effect in the PEG–NiCl2 complex. When PEG-6000 was substituted with poly(vinyl alcohol)
(PVA) or poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)
(PVP), two other complex architectures (i.e. tennis-ball shaped or urchin-like) were produced. On the basis of a series of supplementary experiments and the result of FT-IR spectra, it was found that both the framework structure of the polymer–metal complex and the functional groups on the polymers had a considerable effect on the final architectures of α-NiS crystals.


C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Aitken E, Stevenson R, Hanif F, Raj D, Stevenson K, et al. (2016) Renal Transplantation: An Update for Anaesthetists. Int J Anesthetic Anesthesiol 3:052. doi.org/10.23937/2377-4630/3/3/1052 Received: March 15, 2016: Accepted: September 12, 2016: Published: September 14, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Aitken E, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Aitken et al. Int J Anesthetic Anesthesiol 2016, 3:052


Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of acne mixture combined with heat acne capsule in treatment acne vulgaris. Methods: 180 cases of acne patients were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group, 90 cases in each group. Heat acne capsule administered alone in the control group,acne mixture combined with heat acne capsule was used in the treatment group. Results: The effective rate of the treatment group was 95.56%, while the control group was 90%, the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). Conclusion: acne mixture combined with heat acne capsule in treatment acne vulgaris has a significant effect, suitable for clinical application.


Jhumpa Lahiri is accepted as one of the postcolonial authors whose main concern is to exhibit the identity crisis, predicament, troubles, psychological and cultural fluidity of Indian immigrants who try to be a part of the American society, but cannot dispose themselves of their native cultural identities throughout their lives. These crises pose threats to the social and familial relations of these people since they cannot achieve in reaching an ultimate and static identity. While moving into a phase of alienation in a Western landscape right after their arrival in there, they on the other hand preserve their traditional habits in their daily lives although they sometimes perform these customs unconsciously. The main focus of this study is to manifest Lahiri's attitude and theoretical views in her short stories regarding the postcolonial identities of male characters becoming apparent after these people immigrate to foreign countries with a variety of reasons and hopes. In the study, two short stories are touched upon in order to argue this author's approach to the structural features and acts of native identities of male characters in the postcolonial period. Since Lahiri is often identified with a female approach to the postcolonial identities, it is also necessary to explore her male immigrants who also have the same feelings of ambivalence and predicament like her female characters.


This paper evaluates various aspects of flexibility in power systems worldwide within the multi-country study framework of IEA Wind Task 25, including grid components and actions which have been favoured for enhancing flexibility in different areas/countries/regions, and how TSOs/ISOs/ utilities intend to manage variable generation in their operating strategies. One methodology to evaluate the diversity of flexibility sources is a "flexibility chart", which can illustrate several flexibility parameters (e.g. hydro, CCGT, CHP, interconnection) in a polygonal radar (spider) chart. Keywordswind; variable generation, wind energy, solar energy, system flexibility; interconnection; Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT); Combined Heat and Power (CHP)


Neonatal seizures have an adverse effect on neurodevelopmental outcome, for example,impairing neurogenesis and deranging neuronal structure, function and connectivity, leading to a mismatch between energy supply and demand. Because of application of prolonged digital Video EEG recording in diagnosis, many new viewpoints were proposed,which contributes to improving prognosis of those newborns with seizures and to further investigations. In this article, we reviewed advancements in study on diagnosis and treatment of neonatal seizures in recent years, emphatically recommended some anticonvulsants for newborns.


1. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, FFA turnover and gas exchange were measured in adult male domestic fowl at rest and during 90 min continuous treadmill exercise at a work load of approximately three times the resting metabolic rate. 2. Plasma FFA concentration and turnover increased 7-fold and 4-fold respectively during exercise. Of the FFA turnover 0.54 was oxidised at rest and this increased to 0.70 during exercise. The fraction of the total carbon dioxide production derived from plasma FFA oxidation rose from 0.33 at rest to 0.55 during exercise. 3. It is concluded that plasma FFA are the most important source of energy for the working muscles of domestic fowl during treadmill exercise of this intensity and duration.


The article considers linear elliptic equations with regular Borel measures as inhomogeneity. Such equations frequently appear in state-constrained optimal control problems. By a counter example of Serrin [18], it is known that, in the presence of non-smooth data, a standard weak formulation does not ensure uniqueness for such equations. Therefore several notions of solution have been developed that guarantee uniqueness. In this note, we compare different definitions of solutions, namely the ones of Stampacchia [19] and Boccardo-Galouët [4] and the two notions of solutions of [2, 7], and show that they are equivalent. As side results, we reformulate the solution in the sense of [19], and prove the existence of solutions in the sense of [2, 4, 7] in case of mixed boundary conditions.


In order to determine soil moisture control index with high yield and efficient water use for tomato under drip irrigation in greenhouse,effect of water deficit at different growth stages on tomato growth and physiological characteristics were studied in this paper.The results showed that water deficit reduced tomato leaf photosynthetic rate and stomatal aperture,and influenced dry matter accumulation and transportation,but influencing pattern and degree of water stress were not same in the different growth stage.Water stress inhibited tomato growth and development during the vegetative growth stage,but too enough water led to plant spindling and affected photosynthate transportation to the yield.During the flowering and fruit development stage,water stress not only inhibited tomato growth,but also reduced dry matter accumulation,and affected the yield formation.During the fruit maturation stage,Water deficit accelerated tomato plants aging,decreased the ultimate amount of dry matter,and it was the most obvious for affection to yield formation.Moderate water deficit can achieve high yield and high water use unity under no affection to tomato normal growth and physiological water requirement.


A prominent view in contemporary philosophy of technology suggests that more technology implies more possibilities and, therefore, more responsibilities. Consequently, the question 'What technology?' is discussed primarily on the backdrop of assessing, assigning, and avoiding technology- borne culpability. The view is reminiscent of the Olympian gods' vengeful and harsh reaction to Prometheus' play with fire. However, the Olympian view leaves unexplained how technologies increase possibilities. Also, if Olympians are right, endorsing their view will at some point demand putting a halt to technological development, which is absurd. Hence, we defend an alternative perspective on the relationship between responsibility and technology: Our Promethean view recognises technology as the result of collective, forward-looking responsibility and not only as a cause thereof. Several examples illustrate that technologies are not always the right means to tackle human vulnerabilities. Together, these arguments prompt a change in focus from the question 'What technology?' to 'Why technology?'


With the large-scale and informational engineering ships, automation engineering ship equipment has more and more received the shipping department 's attention. Based on series PLC of Siemens S7-300,this paper designs ship automatic monitoring system for diesel engine unit of 5000m3/ h non self propelled electric cutter suction dredger project. The system with marine diesel engine set automatic control, information display and industrial bus network interface meets the operating requirements.


Designing appropriate architectural structures or planning desirable urban environments as well as inventing methods and processes to bring about new ideas require a collective competence, assurance, consensus and acceptance. It needs a shared consistency, participation, confidence and ability to better reframe the often 'wicked' design problems and suitable solutions in/for the continuously changing societies. Throughout the history, design competition has been deployed as a reliable and acquiescent system for assuring quality and as an efficient instrument for evaluation of the best design solutions. The aim of this study is to develop knowledge on architectural competition in Finland. Architectural competition has been carried out in Finland since the end of the 19 century and it still comprises an important part of the major architectural practices of the country. The Finnish competition system is a recognized endeavour to elevating qualities and minimizing uncertainties in design processes. Every year, about 30 to 35 architectural and urban design competitions take place in Finland. Competitions are used to give partaking opportunity specially to talented young architects to express their visions, to demonstrate their professional skills and to be rewarded and endorsed publicly. While conducting our research, we surprisingly found that very few scientific studies are made on this topic in Finland as well as in the rest of the Nordic countries. Due to this fact, the present study has the characteristics of an empiric survey derived from the first-hand information sources. It is the outcome of the investigation of architectural competitions in Finland with vital reliance on a series of meticulously conducted interviews with 7 key actors including highly qualified and experienced experts from the jury members representing clients, architect associations and competitors. In order to get a better picture of the prizewinning proposals and see if they have been implemented in reality, a special follow-up has been made on the Finnish architectural competitions held during the years 1999 and 2000. Further more, some similarities and differences between the competition systems in the other Nordic countries are compared and analyzed. The study provides a new perception on how the architectural design competition in Finland is managed in practice. We are keen to answer how the targets are set up and met by jury members to pointing out a winner. We would like to argue that there are usually more than a few entries with good design solutions. The concept of 'design quality' has situated meanings and contents. The judging, making decision, and selection processes are strongly connected to the leading values, norms, regulations, organisations and traditions. And, when design and quality are two culturally and contextually bond concepts they often appear to be complicated, incoherent and remain open to various interpretations. However, while the main role of the jury is to agree upon the most appropriate proposal, it finally succeeds to distinguish the best entry based on collective agreement gained through the cumulated tacit knowledge and well-trained eyes of professionals. We would therefore argue that competence and consensus are two essential factors that make jury members to feel confident in their final choice of a winner.


Abstract European Civilization was built on the concepts of multiculturalism, tolerance, and dialogue but in the post-Cold War period, without considering these concepts, some European politicians, scientists, and the press have associated concepts of conflict, terror, disintegration, exclusion, and assimilation with Islam. Anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim attitudes are viewed as a new coherent ideology to replace anticommunism following the post-collapse period of the Soviet Union. Thus, a new enemy image and an exclusionist and alienating discourse aimed especially at Muslim societies in Europe were created after the 1990s. Subsequently, this new discourse diffusing across the European continent is referred to as "Islamophobia". Gradually Muslim immigrants are perceived to be the number one fundamental cause of politic, economic and social issues in European countries so Islamophobic discourses have intensified following the 90s. The aftermath of the September 11 attacks, the actions of terror organizations claiming to commit their attacks in the name of Islam in the world -and especially in Europe- have contributed to the spread of Islamophobia across Europe. Extreme-right wings in pursuit of taking advantage of all these negative circumstances for political gain attempted to find public ground by reflecting Islam as a religion of violence and Muslims as 'terrorists.' In this article, it is argued that concrete Islamophobic discourses erode some certain values such as human rights, democracy, plurality and multiculturalism, which Europe was established on these. It is also showed that actions of various extreme-right parties and other wings in different European countries accelerate this process. Policies adopted by international organizations to fight against Islamophobia will be analysed and the problems encountered in these efforts will also be presented.


The paper estimates the district level availability and requirement of livestock feed and fodder in Rajasthan using secondary data of triennium ending 2008–09. Availability of dry fodder and concentrates were estimated using appropriate conversion ratios to different field crop production, while green fodder was estimated by applying per hectare yield to different fodder sources. The requirement was worked out by converting livestock into adult cattle units and multiplying by per unit consumption capacity. The annual availability of feed and fodder in the state was estimated at 51.54 million tonne is against the requirement of 68.61 million tonne and thereby deficit of around 25% per annum. The feed deficiency was estimated almost in all the districts except in the districts of Hanumangarh, Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Churu and Ganganagar. The eastern and south eastern districts were deficit in green fodder whereas western and southern hill districts were deficit in dry fodder. Other critical dimensions were low roughage: concentration ration (1:0.06) and high population pressure on pasture and grazing lands. The policies to develop silvi-pastoral model, creation of fodder banks/ storage facilities, strengthening extension system, developing drought resistant and high yielding variety, crop varieties with emphasis on fodder component needs priority attention.


The CPC's Manchuria Provincial Committee organ "Manchuria Red Flag" started publication from September 15th,1930,and ended publication in April 1935,it witnessed the existence and cancellation of the CPC's Manchuria Provincial Committee,which is the first CPC underground organization in the northeast of China.From its start in Shenyang,Liaoning to its end in Harbin,Heilongjiang,it went through the war period of northeastern people led by CPC before the all-round break-out of the Anti-Japanese War,become a model of the Provincial Committee organ in the northeast in the view of Revolutionary Paradigm.


Using monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet radiation generated by two‐photon resonant sum frequency mixing in a Mg–Kr mixture we have investigated the electronic transition of NH3 in the 67 000–73 000 cm−1 region by detecting the fluorescence from the predissociation fragments of NH3. The spectrum is simplified using a pulsed molecular beam. Vibronic bands of the B 1E' (29, 210, 211, 212, 2731, 2831) state are clearly identified and relevant molecular constants are deduced. The predissociation in the B 1E' state is found to be nearly independent of the rotational quantum numbers (J,K) within one vibrational band. The linewidths of different vibronic components of the B 1E' state are measured. In addition, other absorption bands are presented including previously unobserved weak absorption features.


The use of tablets for large-scale testing programs has transitioned from concept to reality for many state testing programs. This study extended previous research on score comparability between tablets and computers with high school students to compare score distributions across devices for reading, math, and science and to evaluate device effects for gender and ethnicity subgroups. Results indicated no significant differences between tablets and computers for math and science. For reading, a small device effect favoring tablets was found for the middle to lower part of the score distribution. This effect seemed to be driven by increases in performance for male students when testing on tablets. No interactions of device with ethnicity were observed. Consistent with previous research, this study provides additional evidence for a relatively high degree of comparability between tablets and computers.


From this perspective, what is notable about each of the main traditions is not what they seek to defend by reference to introspection, but what they are prepared to reject in the face of introspective support. The sense-datum tradition denies the manifest fact that it seems to us as if we are presented in experience with mind-independent objects and states of affairs in the world around us. The intentional tradition denies the introspective evidence that things apparently sensed must actually be before the mind for one to experience so. (Martin, 2000, p. 219)


Hip fractures are a common problem in Australia and are associated with high mortality and morbidity [1]. Only one third of patients who survive a hip fracture return to previous levels of independence, fifty percent require long-term help with routine activities and a further twenty-five percent require high level care [1]. Careful consideration for definitive treatment of these fractures is essential to avoid the burden associated with unnecessary revision. The optimal surgical treatment of extracapsular fractures is well established and involves internal fixation [2-5].


Understanding the influence of soil composition in wine taste is of great economic and environmental interest in France and around the world. Nevertheless the impact of soil composition on wine taste is still controversially discussed. Since inorganic soil components do not have a proper taste and do not enter the plant anyway, their influence needs to be induced by nutrient absorption and its impact on plant functioning and grape composition. Indeed recent development of geological tracers of origin proof the existence of soil chemical and isotopic signatures in wine. However, type and scale of the impact of soil composition on wine taste are not well understood yet, and little experimental evidence exists due to the complexity of mechanisms involved.


Introduction The homotopic category Homotopic excision, homotopic purity and projective blow-ups Homotopic classification of vector bundles Appendix A: Review of homotopic algebra Appendix B: Ample families of invertible bundles on a scheme References.


We have previously demonstrated that continuous exposure of human HL-60 human promyelocytes to 1-fl-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara- C) results in the induction of terminal differentiation to monocyte-like cells. The present study extends these findings by demonstrating that ara-C induces hemoglobin synthesis in human K562 erythroleukemia cells. This effect occurs maximally at an ara-C concentration (5 X lo- M) that results in K562 cytostasis. In contrast to the reversible effects of hemin and hydroxyurea on globin synthesis in this cell line, we have found that the induction of K562 hemoglobin synthesis by ara-C is irreversible. An induction ofK562 hemoglobin synthesis also occurs with aphidicolin, another inhibitor of S- phase DNA synthesis, but not with vinblastine, an inhibitor of mitosis. Finally, ara-C induction of a differ- entiated K562 phenotype is accompanied by the loss of self-renewal capacity, a finding consistent with terminal differentiation.


Ellis–van creveld syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome of the heart, skeleton and most of the ectodermal derivatives. It is caused due to genetic defects in the chromosome 4p16; it belongs to short rib-polydactyly group (SRP). It is characterized by short ribs, short limb, polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and congenital heart defects. The oral manifestation is one of the main characteristic diagnostic features and it includes partial anodontia, microdontia, fusion of upper lip to the gingival margin, multiple frenum, anterior open bite etc. We the dentist play a major role in diagnosing such patients, managing their dental problem and help them lead a normal life. We report a case of EVC syndrome expressing all the findings with multiple supernumerary teeth.


The Children's Aid Society's community school model represents one approach to interprofessional collaboration within a public school setting and is based on more than ten years of experience at multiple sites in New York City. The chapter will describe the model and review the research on which it is based, outline evaluation findings to date, and discuss the mechanisms used to foster and maximize the benefits of multiple disciplines coming together to work with and on behalf of low-income children, their families, and their communities.


This chapter offers the first in-depth study of both structural and agential factors behind the emergence and electoral breakthrough of a new radical left party in Slovenia: the Left. It defines the party's ideological profile and it analyses its tactics of party competition through a selection of concrete examples. It concludes by outlining two possible trajectories for the future electoral and organisational development of the party.


Objective:To observe the relation between asthma in children and the respiratory system diseases and the method of point application;Discuss the function mechanism of treating the disease in summer instead of winter and preventing the winter diseases in summer.Methods:Use topical application at the acupoint with traditional Chinese medicine to the random chosen 320 cases of the department of pediatrics in the secondary clinical hospital Dongfang hospital of Beijing university of Chinese medicine in the triple summer or the triple winter during Dec.1999 and Dec.2007,includes 130 cases of asthma,86 cases of bronchitis,20 cases of repeated respiratory tract infection,38 cases of rhinitis,36 cases of pharyngitis,10 cases of pneumonia.Results:The total effective rates of asthma were 86.06%,the total effective rates of bronchitis were 92.9%,the total effective rates of repeated respiratory tract infection were 90.0%,the total effective rates of rhinitis were 47.35%,the total effective rates of pharyngitis were 61.0%,the total effective rates of pneumonia were 80.0%,the difference is remarkable,P0.05.Conclusion:Point application with Chinese pharmaceutics is a useful therapeutic method for asthma in children and the respiratory system diseases,and we'll open out the function mechanism of treating the disease in summer instead of winter and preventing the winter diseases in summer.


Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (HDLS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is caused by colony stimulating factor 1 receptor gene mutation degenerating the cerebral white matter. It is characterized by various symptoms such as progressive cognitive decline, personality changes, and motor disorders. Since these clinical features are not consistent, HDLS is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. This case report presents a patient priorly diagnosed with cerebral infarction by clinical features, but eventually with HDLS by a genetic test.


The objective of the experiment was determines abdominal fat and diet consumption in
the Mus musculus after give of chitin. This research used completely randomized design. There were four
concentration of chitin, 0 mg chitin per day; 1,3 mg chitin per day; 1,95 mg chitin per day; 2,6 mg chitin per day.
Anova was used in data analysis and Duncan test in 5% level. The result of experiment indicated was the chitin
not potentially for inhibition of fat metabolism but potentially for increase the diet consumption.


Large air samples were collected in the lower stratosphere (10–12 km) from 43° to 85°S in June 1993, using a special compressor system. For the important trace gases CO, CH4 and CO2, concentration and isotopic analyses were carried out and significant correlations were discovered. The 14CO isotope is considerably in excess of tropospheric levels with very high values from 40 to 120 14CO molecules/cm3 STP (corresponding to 12,500 percent modern carbon, at 30 ppbv), and is negatively correlated with CO. The linear relationship is used to estimate OH to be 2.9×105 cm−3. The 18O/16O ratios for CO are the lowest ever measured and reflect the inverse kinetic isotope effect in the oxidation of CO by OH. The 13C/12C ratios for CO are not much different from tropospheric values and confirm that fractionation is small but also that the in situ contribution from CH4 oxidation is minor. For CH4 a correlation between δ13C and concentration exists from which a fractionation factor for the sink reaction (k12/k13) of about 1.012 is calculated, well in excess of results from laboratory experiments for OH +CH4. The most plausible explanation presently is the removal of approximately 9% of CH4 by Cl atoms, which, as laboratory experiments have just confirmed, induces a very large fractionation. We also reveal a linear correlation between 14CO and 14CO2, precursor and product. Finally, an analysis of potential vorticity shows a structure that seems to give an overall agreement with the trace gas variations.


Various authors have justified the far-fields approximation for rough surface scattering using one of the classical approximations for the scattered fields, usually considering either the coherent scattered field or the incoherent scattered intensity. An exact expression for the field scattered from a perfectly conducting rough surface is considered. The expression for the incoherent scattered intensity is formally derived, and a condition under which the far-field approximation is valid is found, independent of specific approximations for the surface or scattered fields or for the surface height statistics. The condition so derived is, under many circumstances, substantially less restrictive than that derived before in the general case. Furthermore, the previous results may be easily recovered by further specialization of our result.


The use of a co‐located piezoelectric, disk‐shaped sensor/actuator is described for controlling several modes of vibration of an actual automobile fuel tank that is excited by a shaker. The shaker is attached to the tank where the fuel pump would normally be attached. Single mode control as well as multi‐mode vibration control was achieved for both the empty as well as partially filled tank. The radiated noise caused by the structural vibration can also be controlled. Experimental results and short video presentation of the experiment will be made.


This paper introduces the characteristics of Seminar and its application both at home and abroad.Meanwhile the concrete method of introducing it into Network Security Technology Course is discussed.According to a detailed analysis of its teaching effectiveness,remarkable effects such as the improvement of students' innovation ability and self-confidence can be seen.


Introduction: There is limited evidence examining large group occupational therapy telehealth practice education and the associated learning benefits. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of occupational therapy students in a large telehealth group placement, within the occupational therapy degree at an Australian regional university. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological research design, using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, was used to explore the lived experience of students who completed the telehealth placement. Results: Eleven students participated in individual or group structured interviews. Five themes and twelve codes were identified during data analysis. Key themes were; the placement provided opportunities to link theory to practice, becoming a professional, positive and negative aspects of large group placement, assessment driven, and telehealth shaped the learning and clinical experience. Conclusions: This study provides initial evidence from the student perspective regarding the benefits of a large group placement and offers the potential to be used as a transition in preparing students for future client interactions, and application of clinical reasoning and occupational therapy theory. Adaptations for future practice have also been identified. Further research exploring the ideal group size is needed.


Abstract The contributions to the LBG, the personal study of late antique and medieval Greek literature, as well as the editing of liturgical Christian hymns from Egypt, regularly lead to observations, corrections and emendations of texts from the Byzantine period; moreover, these sources prompt us to supplement current dictionaries like the LSJ, Lampe, and LBG. In our article we present some of these commentaries and proposals, noting in passing that sound changes can sometimes produce homonymy and paronymy, and thus a certain semantic confusion. The words analyzed and discussed are ἀείτιμος, ὁ βουλσός, ὁ βυρσοδεύτης, (τοὺς) γίτονας, ἡδύφθονος f. l. for ἡδύφθογγος, τὸ μαμιλλ(ι)άριον/μαμιλλ(ι)ώριον < mamillare instead of ὁ μαμυλίων, περιπτεύω f.l. for παριππεύω, ὁ πριμισκρίνιος, τὸ φοινικίδιον, τὸ χοιρωρεῖον, ὁ χρυσοτέχνης.


OBJECTIVE
To describe and analyze the exposure to ionizing radiation of orthopedic residents.

METHOD
A prospective study was carried out to evaluate the degree of exposure to ionizing radiation with a bandage dosimeter placed under the lead apron for medical residents for 10 months. An online survey measured the degree of knowledge about radiation safety.

RESULTS
54 resident physicians participated. 55.6% report having knowledge of the existence of radiological protection equipment and 40.7% report that they had previous training in its use. 77.8% use the leaded apron and 31.5% use thyroid protection. 81.5% were positioned less than 1 meter from the source of the X-ray production of the arc in C. The total mean radiation exposure was 2.9 ± 2.17 mSv (95% confidence interval: 1.25-14.28; p = 0.424).

CONCLUSIONS
Orthopedic residents present radiation doses below the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended limit. However, there is a lack of knowledge of radiation protection and as well as a lack of interest and ignorance of the adverse effects of radiation.


In vitro regeneration of pea (Pisum sativum L.), a regeneration recalcitrant legume, was optimised using thidiazuron. Buds were initiated from the meristems of the cotyledonary nodes of embryo axes, isolated from mature seeds, and subcultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine, 16.1 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid, and 0.2 μM 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid. Proliferation of buds was preceded by the formation of white nodular-like protrusions. These structures were cut transversally in fine slices and subcultured on the same medium or in presence of thidiazuron that produces a second wave of secondary budding. The best results (90–110 buds per expiant) were obtained with 10 μM thidiazuron. The capacity of regeneration was genotype independent and reproducible. Buds elongated on the initial medium, then formed roots in presence of 5.37 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. and developed into viable plants. Key words: Pisum sativum L., regeneration, meristems, embryo axes, thidiazuron.


Pain syndromes in the upper limb related to peripheral nerve injury are often debilitating and difficult to treat. This chapter describes a systematic approach to the problems of painful end-neuromas and neuromas-in-continuity and the other phenomena associated with nerve injury.


A linear array antenna with pability is introduced. It consists of cros high port-to-port isolation and low cross-p degree bent dipoles are utilized to achieve pattern. The antenna maintains an active at 2.7–3 GHz while scanning up to ±45° configuration of elements is employed in t reduces the cross-polarization in principal below the co-polarization peak while scann E-plane. To validate the simulation, a linea is fabricated and its measured results are.


The university honesty crisis is the reflection of the university spirit damage under the influence of the ill social culture.The university pursuance to academic value becomes the intrinsic power of the university honesty construction,and also the university spirit's characteristic of independence and the transcendence compared with the social culture has also provided the possibility for the university honesty construction.The campus cultural reconstruction,the appraisal system establishment and the university moral education are the important actions which strengthen the university spirit,mold the university honesty.


Since modem times, civilization of scientific technology has rapidly expanded and resulted in many negative aspects. Dystopia is a skeptical future standpoint newly introduced by surging awareness of these negative aspects. The purpose of this study is to discover the common characteristics by studying costumes displayed in dystopian films which have critical view of the future. This study is made through the research of sundry records, thesis and capture images from DVD system. As a result of the study, the common formative characteristics of future costumes appearing in six dystopian films are classified into external characteristics and internal characteristics. First, external characteristics were analyzed according to the form, material and color. Second, internal characteristics of costumes appearing in dystopian films are categorized as the indeterminate expression, ex-typical expression and uniform expression. The above formative characteristics of dystopian future costumes can be described as the embodiment of meanings of influence from present and future cultural changes in terms of the characteristics of fashion.


Polyamide samples were heated under vacuum or mixed in a Brabender plastograph. UV absorbance, chain end concentration, and molecular weight were studied. Postcondensation was observed for polyamide heated under vacuum. For polyamide samples mixed in the plastograph, atmosphere, shear rate, and temperature changed. Melt viscosity and intrinsic viscosity are in good correlation in a log-log plot. Oxidation effect on molecular weight and amine chain end concentration could be well related to UV absorbance. The oxygen diffusion into the molten polyamide is a critical parameter. The oxygen concentration in the polyamide mixed under air is ca. 20 times higher than when mixed under nitrogen. The introduction of preoxidized material in the molten polyamide or mixing in the presence of oxygen have similar effects. Postcondensation and oxidation strongly influence the melt behavior of polyamides.


"The Geography of Making or On Finding Moore Everywhere" charts the development of an artistic dialogue with the "omnipresent" work of Britain's most globally successful sculptor, Henry Moore. From Toronto to Mexico City, from Chicago to Hiroshima, Moore's work has served as way-finders whereby to orient my own interests in what were often, for me, new cities.


ABSTRACT Did science, as we know it, have to be? The article explores a possible response in the negative, organized around a specific contingency: that of Greek mathematics or, even more specifically, that of the mathematics of the generation of Archimedes. The argument is that (1) Greek mathematics, seen against a cross-cultural comparison, is an anomaly, (2) the scientific revolution, as it in fact unfolded, was directly shaped by the anomaly of Greek mathematics, and (3) it is not clear that, absent Greek mathematics, an equivalent scientific revolution would have taken place. The argument is developed in some detail concerning the history of ancient Greek science, but more is said on the inevitably philosophical questions of counterfactuals in history and on the specific question of the contingency of science.


p i ( l d d R d I t e A lthough seemingly rare, leukemia is the second most common cancer in children less than 1 year of age. This represents 5 to 10% of hildhood leukemias, with an incidence of 44 per illion "infants" or approximately 200 infants diagosed with leukemia in the United States each year. or unclear reasons, this incidence appears to be ising over the past 20 years. Infant leukemias nclude subsets of both acute lymphoblastic and cute myeloblastic leukemias (ALL and AML) with nique clinical and biologic features, including ixed lineage leukemia (MLL) rearrangements. The istorical definition of "infant" leukemia is based on he observation that children less than 1 year of age espond poorly to standard therapies for older chilren with leukemia. In recent years, we have gained n appreciation for the unique biologic nature of nfant leukemias and struggled with the poor outome of our youngest patients with ALL, as well as ith the public health implications of emerging nvironmental and dietary risk factors. In the past 2 ears, four major trials have reported improved utcomes in infant ALL, bringing new hope and reater understanding. These studies will encourage ew research opportunities and intense discussion. n this review, we hope to introduce you to the urrent knowledge and discussions in this field. Leukemia can present at anytime, beginning in utero. etal leukemia has been detected by umbilical blood ampling as early as 33 weeks of gestation when ltrasound may detect polyhydramnios, hydrops, nd/or fetal hepatosplenomegaly. Such congenital eukemias are a significant cause of stillbirth and are


When viewed at a macroscopic scale, an interesting emergent property of the Web is that it constantly evolves towards being the most important entry point for information production and consumption by everyone. This purpose is defeated right if a single user with a disability cannot access a given piece of information on the Web. However, information on the Web is graphically-orientated and in most cases visually impaired users have very restricted access and find it difficult to recognize this kind of visual representation. For visually impaired people and especially for blind users alternative information presentation ways must be found, which would replace visual information. 3D HapticWebBrowser, is a free open source web browser to address the problems of visually impaired in accessing the Web. Issues of multimodal interaction and haptic technologies enable universal navigation of web pages and efficient map exploration of preferable 2D maps.


The invention discloses a storing and loosening device of a biological and intelligent deodorizing toilet. The device comprises a fermenting cabin used for reacting biological bacteria with excreta, wherein the bottom of the fermenting cabin is provided with a material leaking device; a material storing cabin is arranged below the material leaking device; and a material guiding device which can rake reactants deposited on the bottom layer and allow the reactants deposited on the bottom layer to enter a material leaking inlet is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the fermenting cabin. The storing and loosening device has the advantages of controlling leaked materials and conveniently taking materials, along with reasonable structure and high working performance.


The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT/PSS) has been synthesized by the method of chemical oxidation.We studied on the quantity of PSS,(NH4)2S2O8 and solid content influence on the conductive properties and particles size of PEDOT/PSS.The conductivity of PEDOT/PSS at room temperature is excellent and in the range of 0.07 S/cm~100 S/cm.The optimal oxidative polymerization conditions have been found: SO-3/EDOT=2,(NH4)2S2O8/EDOT=1.5,solid content=2.8%~2.4%.The mechanism of forming PEDOT/PSS micelles was analyzed.Antistatic coating has been prepared and the surface resistivity on different substrates such as polypropylene(PP),amorphous polyethylene terephthalate(APET) and polystyrene(PS) were tested which is in the range of 107 Ω~108 Ω.


Objective To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR-3) in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods The expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 were detected by SP immunohistochemical staining in 61 nasopharyngeal carcinoma samples.Lymphatic vessels were identified by D2-40 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Results The positive expression rate of VEGF-C in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 61.8% and VEGFR-3 was 69.1%.A correlation was found between LVD and the expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3(P 0.01).Conclusion VEGF-C can induce tumor lymphangiogenesis through its receptor VEGFR-3.VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 may play an important role by elevating the LVD in lymphatic metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.


This paper presents the background study of software ageing phenomenon and the prevention techniques to contravene the ageing. The accumulation of software failure and degradation of software performance shows that the software gets old and irrelevant to the users in the environment. Ageing of the software might contribute to the negative impact and affect organisational performance. It is crucial for the organisation to find out prevention actions toward the software ageing phenomenon. This paper discussed in detail how software maintenance activity can be used as ageing prevention for software ageing.


The This paper studies bank customers segmentation problem. Improved Apriori mining algorithm is a kind of data mining technology which is an important method in bank customers segmentation. In practical application, the traditional algorithm has shortcomings of the initial values sensitive and easy to fall into local optimal value, which will lead to low accuracy rate of silver class customer classification. According to the shortcomings of traditional algorithm, this paper puts forward a bank customer segmentation method based on improved Apriori mining algorithm in order to improve the bank customer segmentation accuracy. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively overcome the traditional algorithms shortcomings of easy to fall into local optimal value, improve the customer classification accuracy, make mining results more reasonable, lay down different customer service strategies for different client base, improve effective reference opinions of bank decision makers, and bring more benefits for the bank.


This work products a study of a natural gas cogeneration system to be used at the Polo Plaster of Araripe, Pernambuco, Brazil. To analyze the performance of the cogeneration system, the microcogeneration plant of the laboratory COGENCASA at UFPE was used. The system was tested for gas turbine powers of 10, 15, 20 and 23 kW in conjunction with the heat recovery exchanger. Together with the experimental results, the gas turbine was simulated through the identification of the system, generating a dynamic model of the equipment. For the regenerative heat exchanger the phenomenological modeling was applied to the transfer function to generate the dynamic model of the heat exchanger. Load tests were carried out to the models, applied to a predictive controller (MPC), where the design, analysis of parameters and stability of the controller was conducted. With these results, energetic and exergetic analysis of the plant applied to a case study involving a gypsum factory of the region was carried out. The study showed that the feasibility of the system is close tied to the price of natural gas charged to the Araripe region. The evaluation showed that the introduction of modern control techniques, allied to a thermoeconomic analysis would bring a reduction of the energy of about 23%, compared to traditional systems. This results, coupled to environmental benefits, showed that cogeneration system are attractive to gypsum factories from Araripe.


The city of Lima, the capital of Peru, was founded on January 18, 1535, and played a leading role in the history of the Americas from 1542, when king Carlos V established the vice royalty of Peru, until the middle of the 18th century. In 1988, UNESCO declared the historic center of Lima a World Heritage Site for its originality and high concentration of historic monuments constructed at the time of the Spanish presence and at the beginning of the Republican era. The architecture of buildings corresponds in general to typical Hispano-American baroque of the 17th and 18th centuries. Since its founding, the city has suffered many earthquakes that have severely and adversely affected historic buildings. Reconstruction work has been done keeping the originality of buildings. This study starts first with a general diagnosis of problems concerning the city and its buildings. A survey for preliminary evaluation of the structural condition of buildings is then planned. This evaluation of the seismic vulnerability of historic buildings at the historic center of Lima represents the basic study that is necessary to initiate detailed investigation for the preservation and conservation of these historic buildings. The study intends to establish a general guideline for vulnerability evaluation of historic buildings that could be applied to the evaluation of other historic cities of Peru.


Tensile testing to failure was done on 235 cortical specimens that had been machined from forty-seven femora from human cadavera. The donors had ranged in age from twenty to 102 years at the time of death. After mechanical testing, the porosity, mineralization, and microstructure were determined. Linear regression analysis showed that the mechanical properties deteriorated markedly with age. UItimate stress, ultimate strain, and energy absorption decreased by 5, 9, and 12 per cent per decade, respectively. The porosity of bone increased significantly with age, while the mineral content was not affected. Microstructural analysis demonstrated that the amount of haversian bone increased with age. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated the importance of age-related changes in porosity to the decline in mechanical properties. Changes in porosity accounted for 76 per cent of the reduction in strength. Microstructural changes were highly correlated with porosity and therefore had little independent effect. Mineral content did not play a major role. Thus, the quantitative changes in aging bone tissue, rather than the qualitative changes, influence the mechanical competence of the bone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study provides information concerning the difference in properties of cortical bone tissue as a function of donor age. The importance of changes in porosity, reflected by changes in the density of bone, will allow investigators to use non-invasive means to estimate the mechanical properties of cortical bone in vivo. Thus, it may be possible to predict the risk of fractures and further explain some aspects of the mechanics of fractures in the elderly. In *No benefits in any form have been received or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. Funds were received in total or partial support of the research or clinical study presented in this article. The funding source was Action Research for the Crippled Child. tDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital. North Terrace, Adelaide 5000. South Australia. Please address requests for reprints to Dr. McCalden. Univcrsity of Edinburgh, Frogston Road West. Edinburgh EHIO 7ED, Scotland, United Kingdom. §Department (.)f Orthopaedic Surgery. University of Toronto, 94 Glenmore Road. ibrolito. Ontario M4L 3M3. Canada. addition, this study provides information that is useful in the design of fracture and endoprosthetic implants, the success of which is dependent on the implant-bone interface. Future designs must take into account the increase in porosity, which plays the greatest role in the mechanical decline of elderly bone. Age-related changes in the structure and composition of bone tissue are becoming increasingly important as people continue to live longer. These changes influence the mechanical behavior of bone and may be partially responsible for the increased prevalence of fractures in the elderly2. A better appreciation of the effects of aging on the mechanical properties of bone is critical to an understanding of the risks and mechanics of fractures and is desirable for the design of more effective forms of skeletal and endoprosthetic implants in the elderly. Several previous studies have examined the changes in the mechanical behavior of cortical bone associated with increasing age'6'6 243235 . However, the lack of uniformity in the materials and methods used makes it difficult to draw any general conclusions from these early studies. To our knowledge, Burstein et al.5 reported the first study of aging cortical bone in which the elastic-plastic characteristics of the bone were measured. They described the changes in tensile, compressive, and shear properties of cortical bone, although they did not do an analysis of the bone material to explain their findings. Currey and Butler'4 related changes in bending strength and stiffness to the mineral content in the bones of children. Currey" also studied the relationship between impact energy and the age, mineral content, density, and porosity of bone. This work provides useful, although limited, information about the mechanical events and properties that lead to a fracture. We know of no comprehensive examination of the age-related changes in the tensile properties of cortical bone in which the important associated changes in the bone tissue have been evaluated. The current study describes the effects of age-related changes in porosity, mineralization, and microstructure on the mechanical properties of human bone.


New equations for the excess sound absorption per wavelength and the relaxation frequency have been derived. These equations are derived on the assumption that a dissociation process of the type (AB)⇌(A)+(B) is irreversibly perturbed by the sound field due to assumed pressure dependence of the equilibrium. These equations are applied to the problem of excess sound absorption in dilute magnesium sulfate solutions.By using mixtures of dioxane and water to vary the dielectric constant of the solvent the effect of varying the ion Coulombic interaction forces of the ions in solution has been studied experimentally. This work and the work of other investigators on the excess sound absorption in dilute magnesium sulfate solutions is explained quantitatively.The specific rates of dissociation and ion association for magnesium sulfate in solutions of water and water‐dioxane have been determined. Good agreement is found between values of the mass action equilibrium constant determined by acoustic means and values d...


In this work, the effect of ductile damage on distributions of strain and displacement components in rotating annular disks with variable thicknesses under plane stress condition is studied using semi-analytical and finite element methods. The plastic behavior of disks under mechanical loading is studied on the basis of continuum damage mechanics. The semi-analytical method is developed using the Prandtl-Reuss relations, the method of successive elastic solution and damage plasticity model proposed by Xue and Wierzbicki that is used for the finite element analysis as well. The proposed damage plasticity model incorporates effects of both hydrostatic stress and the Lode angle to define the fracture envelope. The results obtained by semi-analytical method are then compared with the results obtained by the finite element method. Numerical calculations for different ranges of thickness parameter with and without damage effect are carried out and results are compared. It is shown that the damage has a significant effect on values of maximum von Mises stress and the limit angular velocity of annular disks. Results of the present study confirm the credibility of the proposed model in predicting the damage limit angular velocity and can be extend to other state of loadings.


Knowledge representation is one of the important topics in data mining research. In this paper, based on the feature space theory in data mining, the transformation between extensions and intensions of concepts is discussed in detail. First, inner projections of fuzzy relations, as a basic mathematical tool, are defined, and properties of inner projections are discussed. Then inner transformation of fuzzy relations, inverse inner transformations, and related properties are introduced. The concept structure is shown by feature spaces. Lastly, transformations between extensions and intensions are discussed.


This work presents a new approach to spectrum sensing for cognitive radios with multiple sensors under a change detection framework. Physical layer fusion is used at the fusion center in order to implement a cumulative sum based change detection algorithm. Two channel models, AWGN and quasi static block-fading, are considered for the channel between the sensors and the fusion center. Analytical expressions are obtained for determining the false alarm rate and worst case detection delay performance. Simulation results are presented to highlight the performance of the scheme. It is shown that this scheme achieves a performance close to that of a centralized change detection scheme in the case of an AWGN channel.


In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the reduction of nitric oxide (NO)‐bioavailability and consequently endothelial dysfunction leads to LV stiffness and diastolic dysfunction of the heart. Besides shear stress, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) stimulates endothelial cells to increased production of NO via phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). For patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, earlier studies demonstrated a positive impact of exercise training (ET) on HDL‐mediated eNOS activation. The study aims to investigate the influence of ET on HDL‐mediated phosphorylation of eNOS in HFpEF patients.


Pneumonia is a main cause of death in children under five years. The number of cases of pneumonia in infants in 2016 up to 568,146 cases (IR=65.27 per 100 person-years). One of the main causes of pneumonia is cigarette smoke. The purpose of this study was to analyzed the effect of family smoking habits with a history of pneumonia in infants in the working area of Merdeka Community Health Center. For this study used cross sectional design. This study used primary data taken in the working area of Merdeka Community Health Center 2018. The sample of this study use all mothers who have children under five years (0-59 months) and reside in the working area of Merdeka Community Health Center. The sampling method used cluster random sampling. Analysis of bivariate data with chi-square and multivariate test with multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of under-five children with history of pneumonia in the working area of Merdeka Community Health Center in 2018 is 14%. The result of bivariate analysis showed significant relationship between family smoking habit and history of pneumonia in children under five years (p-value=0,012). The result of multivariate analysis showed that adjusted PR value was 7,473 (95% CI: 1,448-38,558). This means that children under five years whose families have a smoking habit have a risk of pneumonia 7.473 times higher than children under five years whose families do not have a smoking habit after being controlled by mother's knowledge and crowding. Family smoking habit has a great influence on the history of pneumonia among children under five years in the working area of Merdeka Community Health Center after being controlled by the mother's knowledge and occupancy density. Take precautions where families who smoke not to smoking indoors or outdoors. If the family who smoking outside home, are required to clean the body and changing clothes before interact with children.