Study Objective: To study the clinical and criminological factors in patients with schizophrenia and organic mental disorders (OMDs) recorded before the first socially dangerous act (SDA), and to analyse various features taking into account follow-up of these patients and repeated SDA prevention. Study Design: Comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 86 schizophrenia patients (study group A) and 45 patients with OMDs (study group B) who committed repeated SDAs, were found insane and were forced to undergo various court-appointed therapies for 2 and more times. In this study, we used the clinical psychopathologic method with due account to psychopathology and clinical statistic method as the main methods. Study Results. 49 (57%) and 23 (51.1%) patients in group A and group B, respectively, were not held criminally liable before; thus, 37 (43%) patients in group A and 22 (48.9%) patients in group B had criminal records. In group A, 26 (30.2%) patients were held criminally liable once, whereas in group B — 9 (20%); 11 (12.8%) and 13 (28.9%) patients, respectively, had multiple criminal records. Patients with schizophrenia committed more crimes against life — 13.5% in past medical history to 30.2% in case of a repeated SDA; the number of crimes against property remained relatively stable (from 59.4% in past medical history to 54.7% in case of a repeated SDA). Drug-related crimes became more numerous: an increase from 2.7 to 11.7%. In patients with OMDs, the number of crimes against property dropped from 86.4% in past medical history to 51.1% in case of a repeated SDA, whereas the number of crimes against life rose (from 4.5% in past medical history and up to 35.6% in case of a repeated SDA). At the same time, the incidence of drug-related crimes grew insignificantly (from 9.1% to 11.1%). Conclusion. It was found out that patients in these nosological categories have specific criminal behaviours affecting their illegal activities, features of SDA relapses, and changes in the criminal behaviour structure over the course of disease. The obtained data make it possible to study the characteristics of criminal behaviours of mentally handicapped individuals and will help develop recommendations for prevention and forecast of crimes committed by mentally ill persons. Keywords: psychiatry, organic mental disorders, schizophrenia, socially dangerous acts.


The study aimed to investigate the effects of implementing Interactive Response System on research subjects' English vocabulary learning achievement, their retention effects, English learning attitude. 64 fifth graders were selected and randomly grouped into the experimental group and the control group. Research data were collected through English Vocabulary Proficiency Test, English Vocabulary Achievement Test, English Vocabulary Retention Test, the English Learning Attitude Scale, and the Learning Experience Questionnaire. Data collected were quantitatively analyzed with descriptive statistics, One-Way ANCOVA, Independent-Sample t-Test, and Dependent-Sample t-Test. Research results indicate that the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in English Vocabulary Achievement Test, English Vocabulary Retention Test, and English Learning Attitude. Besides, the data of Learning Experience Questionnaire suggest that the experimental group developed a very positive and supportive attitude toward the implementation of IRS in their English vocabulary learning. Finally, based upon the research results, some suggestions were further offered for anyone who is interested in implementing IRS into their English instruction.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Anomalous Dirac charge dynamics in multilayer graphene at high optical transition energies IMAN SANTOSO, Chemistry Department, National University of Singapore, STEFAN G. SINGER1, SU HAIBIN, NTU Singapore, ILKA MAHNS, PELANGI SAICHU, ARNE GOOS, IAP Uni Hamburg, ALEKSEI KOTLOV, HASYLab Hamburg, HAN HUANG, Physics Dept NUS, DONGCHEN QI, PRANJAL K. GOGOI, WEI CHEN, NUS, MUHAMMAD AZIZ MAJIDI, UI Indonesia, YUNHAO LU, FENG YUAN PING, ANDREW T.S. WEE, Physics Dept NUS, THIRUMALAI VENKATESAN, Physics Dept NUS, Nanocore,ECE NUS, MICHAEL RUEBHAUSSEN, IAP Uni Hamburg, ANDRIVO RUSYDI, Nanocore, Physics Dept NUS, IAP Uni Hamburg — Almost all discussion of the optical absorption, the interlayer interaction and relationship between them in multilayer graphene is almost conclusively decided taking into account only the charge dynamic in states at K point in the hexagonal Brillouin zone while other states are relatively ignored. The lack of charge dynamic information at states beyond the Dirac cone may give us inadequate knowledge of their interaction with the lower states. Here, we present an optical conductivity study on graphene as function of layers using a combination of the dc-conductivity, optical ellipsometry, and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) reflectance to reveal the electronic band structure and the novel interlayer interaction of graphene in pi and sigma bands over a broad energy range from 0 to 35 eV.


The aim of this research — studying of correlation between posterior cranial fossa size and degree of cerebellar tonsils displacement, size of cyrix cysts, and speed of disease progression. The research is based on diagnostic data analysis before and after surgery at 120 patients with Chiari malformation, liquor circulation disorders on craniovertebral level, with or without syringomyelia. Received data suggest that the smaller size of the posterior cranial fossa is, the degree of cerebellar tonsils dislocation is greater, cyrix cysts are larger and disease duration is less before surgical treatment performing.


The flocculants play an important role in treatment and closed-circulation of ultra-fine coal slurry.The cationic modified starch macromolecule flocculants St-DMDAAC-AM was prepared by grafting dimethyldiallylammonium chloride(DMDAAC) and acrylamide(AM) onto starch,and its thermal stability and surface morphology were characterized by FTIR,DSC and SEM,respectively.The flocculation and filtration experiments with typical fine coal slurry were carried out and the treatment process was optimized.The characteristic peak of groups on IR spectrum shows the successful synthesis of St-DMDAAC-AM,and its high performance can be confirmed by results of DSC and SEM.The cationic flocculants play both roles of the charge neutralization and the formation of particle-polymer-particle bridges,and can effectively improve the effect of settlement and pressure filtration of ultra-fine coal.Under the optimized operation parameters,the concentration of thickener overflow is 2 g/L,the moisture of filter cake of thickener underflow is about 20%~25% and the concentration of filter liquid is less than 10 g/L.


The article provides an overview of modern scientific achievements in the study of hereditary diseases and defects horses caused by known genetic mutations.


This book suffers from the defects of many publications of symposia or special meetings. It details some papers presented at a meeting held in May 1970 on various aspects of cell mediated immunity. This is an extremely fast moving field and although the basic information in the text is correct, much of it, particularly interpretations and understanding of mechanisms, have been altered considerably by information available since May 1970. The review of Valentine on "The Transformation and Proliferation of Lymphocytes 'in Vitro' " does not give sufficient chemical or biochemical background on the various nonspecific stimulants. There is a good review on "Inhibition of Macrophage Migration" by Lamelin. The review by Wolstencroft, particularly in relation to the "Lymphokines," does not provide the reader with the most up-to-date information. The section by Revillard on the "Clinical Applications of 'in Vitro' Tests" is a useful compilation of data that have been very


The purpose of this essay was to see what mistakes Swedish university students make when writing English essays and to focus on one specific mistake, namely the use of capital letters. Fifty essays ...


: We argue that value-based dissent from scientific consensus need not be irrational, as is often supposed. Instead it may commonly be a rational response to information which, if accepted, induces a conflict in core values. We briefly survey normative theories of rationality, drawing specific attention to the role values play in those theories. We then characterize the conditions under which it is rational simply to reject the contextual facts generating conflict among values. We close with some observations about the values to which science communicators may effectively appeal without relinquishing scientific authority.


This paper looks at the practices (or praxeologies) of mathematics education doctoral students and their supervisors from the perspectives of activity theory and the anthropological theory of the didactic. The paper examines three ways to view mathematics education research before discussing : research methods and methodologies ; the debate on qualitative and quantitative research ; and implications for the supervision of doctoral students.


ABSTRACTThis study examined the frequency with which race was of relative importance to several variables important to the quality of later life. Results from multivariate procedures showed race to be of relative importance in three of sixteen analyses: adequacy of income, decision to live with a daughter rather than a son, and life satisfaction. Race was of no relative importance to the extent of social interaction; morale, retirement satisfaction, and loneliness; decisions to live alone or with others; health; transportation; and service utilization. The results suggest that in a rural area race is of less frequent relative importance to the life situation of older adults than health and other social and economic factors.


Caged fish farming at Riam Kanan Rivers, South Kalimantan has been done by the local farmers since 1986. The huge profit from this business triggers exploitation of the rivers without environmental consideration. As a consequence, it increased the fish mortality rate and the decrease of fish farmers' income. In order to control the number of fish cages, a study in regard of its condition and/or carrying capacity is needed. The objective of this study was to estimate the amount of phosphorus (P) waste produced by the fish farming activity. The research was conducted from six cages with the size of 2.5 x 1.75 x 1 m: three cages with capacity of 220 fish per cage and the rest of 3 cages with capacity of 500 fish per cage. Cultivated fish is common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with the size of 57 cm long. Two times feeding per day with 5% body weight was applied. The cultivation was done for 16 weeks. The daily distribution of P of the caged fish farming was calculated based on the total amount of leftover food and the feces in 12 hours. The weight of leftover food and the feces, collected from the net surrounding the cages, were sampled every two weeks. The result indicated that the total P increased with the length cultivation. The total amount of P in every cage with capacity of 220 and 500 fish were approximately 0.035 g day and 0.207 g day, respectively. Hence, the optimum number of cages on Riam Kanan Rivers based on the existing P was as follow, cages with 220 and 500 fish were 60-64 and 10-12 units per 100 m, respectively.


The invention provides optical glass and an optical component. The optical glass has negative anomalous dispersion characteristics, low fluorescence and good chemical stability and comprises, by weight, 31% to 55% of SiO2, 15% to 29% of Nb2O5, 0.5% to 9% of ZrO2, 0.5% to 10% of La2O3, and 12% to 30% of R2O; R2O includes one or any of Na2O, Li2O and K2O. The optical glass needs no extra non-environmental elements and is 1.61 to 1.75 in refractive index, 35 to 45 in abbe number, and less than -0.0008 in negative anomalous dispersion DeltaPg, F; measured by a method specified in the Japanese standard JOGIS (japan optical glass industry standard) 03-1975, the fluorescence level is 1. The optical glass has low fluorescence and is widely applicable to devices, such as digital cameras, digital video cameras, camera-phones and fluorescent microscopes.


Abstract A series of experiments was performed to test the proposal of others that the oxidation of ethanol to acetate is NAD+-linked, and that, when transferred into the mitochondria, the cytoplasmic reducing equivalents produced during ethanol oxidation inhibit the oxidation of glucogenic precursors required for the formation of P-enolpyruvate. Particulate-free dialyzed extracts of rabbit livers oxidized various concentrations of ethanol to acetate with experimental ratios of the increase in NADH to that of acetate of 2.02 to 2.19. Although other hepatic enzymes known to oxidize aldehydes were active in these preparations, there was no measurable disappearance of ethanol not accounted for by net reduction of NAD+ to NADH and net production of acetate. These data are taken to indicate that the oxidation of ethanol to acetate by the liver is predominantly, if not exclusively, NAD+-linked. With β-hydroxybutyrate as source of competing reducing equivalents, simulating the transfer of reducing equivalents into the mitochondria during ethanol oxidation, P-enolpyruvate synthesis from α-ketoglutarate or glutamate by rabbit liver mitochondria was tested under conditions in which electron transfer was rate-limiting (with 0 to 20 µm dinitrophenol), or in which electron transfer was not limiting (with 50 µm dinitrophenol). In the presence of 0 to 20 µm dinitrophenol, β-hydroxybutyrate had little effect on respiratory rate, but decreased the synthesis of P-enolpyruvate from α-ketoglutarate or glutamate, and increased the mitochondrial NADH:NAD+ ratio. With 50 µm dinitrophenol, β-hydroxybutyrate oxidation increased respiration but had no effect on P-enolpyruvate synthesis or the NADH:NAD+ ratio. The data presented are taken to support our previously stated hypothesis that the rate of gluconeogenesis by the liver is regulated to a large degree by the rate of flow of carbon from glucogenic amino acids into and through the citric acid cycle.


• Cisco NX-OS Device Configuration Methods, on page 1 • Cisco Fabric Services, on page 3 • Network Time Protocol, on page 3 • Precision Time Protocol, on page 3 • Cisco Discovery Protocol, on page 3 • System Messages, on page 4 • Smart Call Home, on page 4 • Rollback, on page 4 • Session Manager, on page 4 • Scheduler, on page 4 • SNMP, on page 4 • RMON, on page 5 • Online Diagnostics, on page 5 • Embedded Event Manager, on page 5 • Onboard Failure Logging, on page 5 • SPAN, on page 5 • ERSPAN, on page 5 • LLDP, on page 6 • NetFlow, on page 6 • FabricPath, on page 6 • EEE, on page 6 • Troubleshooting Features, on page 6


In this paper the design of single FET coplanar mixers to convert signals between V and C band is presented. A step by step design technique was used, based on harmonic balance simulation. The mixer non-linear device is a PMHFET with a 0.15 /spl mu/m T-gate. Two different topologies were designed, fabricated and tested: cold mixer and drain mixer. The mixers were optimised for minimum conversion losses on the widest possible bandwidth in order to be used on a large number of applications. The experiments show: for the cold mixer, a conversion loss on a 8 GHz band in the range of 8 to 10 dB both as up and downconverter; and 2.5 dB on a 4 GHz band for the drain mixer as down converter.


We illustrate on a particular system phenomena which can prevent continuous asymptotic stabilization for nonlinear controllable systems satisfying the known necessary conditions. In particular we show that obstructions to homogeneous stabilization may or may not lead to obstructions to stabilization.<<ETX>>


Despite years of philosophical preoccupation with language, figurative discourse remains a sadly neglected topic. Biblical scholars and theologians still make use of a rag–bag of terms such as myth, metaphor, image, allegory, and analogy according to their own lights, with little or no help from philosophers in distinguishing or relating the categories involved. Too often these terms are used as equivalents.


This study aimed to improve the utilisation of biogas in pig farms, the promotion of biogas use and the reduction of greenhouse gas (i.e. methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide) emissions to the atmosphere. Sulfur oxidisers can convert sulfide (S2–) to sulfur (S0) and even sulfate (SO42–). Strains of CYAS-1, CYAS-2, SW-1, SW-2, and SW-3 were isolated from environmental samples and proven to have capabilities of sulfide oxidation by growing them in 150 mL liquid media with 1.5 g sulfur powder. An increase in sulfate concentration was used to select sulfide oxidisers. Strains CYAS-1 and CYAS-2, which both had significant sulfide oxidation capability, were isolated from the sludge of piggery wastewater treatment facilities. Moreover, strains SW-1, SW-2, and SW-3 were isolated from a pilot-scale biogas bio-filter (BBF) reactor. The experimental results showed that strain CYAS-1 (identified as Acinetobacter spp.), grown in diluted trypticase soy broth (TSB) with sulfur powder, increased the concentrations of SO42– from 17.2 ± 0.5 to 23.8 ± 1.0 mg/L (38.4% increase). Strain CYAS-2 (identified as Corynebacterium spp.), grown in diluted TSB with sulfur powder, increased concentrations of SO42– from 17.7 ± 0.1 to 25.9 ± 0.9 mg/L (47.0% increase). Concentrations of SO42– were increased 40.5, 33.6, and 29.7% in the presence of strains SW-1 (Candida kruse/inconspicua; 96.2% identity), SW-2 (Candida parapsilosis; 93.2% identity), and SW-3 (Trichosporon mucoides; 95.7% identity), respectively.


We consider groups of orientation-preserving real analytic diffeomorphisms of the circle which have a finite image under the rotation number function. We show that if such a group is nondiscrete with respect to the $C^1$-topology then it has a finite orbit. As a corollary, we show that if such a group has no finite orbit then each of its subgroups contains either a cyclic group of finite index or a nonabelian free subgroup.


Analysis of share prices and stock market indexes has actually attracted the attention of financial analysts, capital market participants and researchers alike. This study is based on share price data on selected companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange as well the market activities of major stock market indexes in the US. The data collated were on monthly basis from January 2000 to February 2017. Trends of these series were plotted and further emphasis highlighted with a descriptive statistics. Share prices and stock market performance trends over the period appear similar. There were perceived signs of stability between January 2000 and 2008:Q2. However, the adverse effects of the 2008 global financial crisis were visible and significant as all the series nosedived, notably between 2008:Q3 and 2009:Q2. From our evidence, relative recovery from the crisis began to be felt from July 2009. Thereafter, the pace of growth in performances across the series has been quite impressive. Both the covariance and principal components analysis results indicate that stock market performance and share prices have direct relationship. The covariance results further showed that the relations so revealed are positive and significant. JEL: C32, F36, G15, E60 Article visualizations:


The main objective of the working paper series of the IIMA is to help faculty members, research staff and doctoral students to speedily share their research findings with professional colleagues and test their research findings at the pre-publication stage. IIMA is committed to maintain academic freedom. The opinion(s), view(s) and conclusion(s) expressed in the working paper are those of the authors and not that of IIMA. 1 Abstract Trademarks serve as a storehouse of information, assuring consumers about the quality of a product by ensuring that products bearing the trademark originate from a consistent source. The trademark doctrine has accommodated this position as its underlying thesis for several decades, and consumer confusion has served as a touchstone for trademark liability. However, given the configurations of the modern marketplace, trademarks transcend their role as source-identifiers and are framed in the language of relationships rather than transactions. With continuous and consistent use, trademarks can come to signify opulence, luxury, dependability and become cultural icons. The modern trademark doctrine must accommodate these realities of the marketplace while, at the same time, accommodating the flourishing exchange of expressive uses through unauthorized use of trademarks. This push-and-pull has resulted in complete obliteration of what were already obscure boundaries between the expressive and marketing spheres of trademark law. Drawing from the American, English, and European trademark jurisprudence, the present study examines the normative foundations of the modern trademark doctrine. These foundations are then extrapolated to Indian trademark law to create a workable limitation of mutating trademark doctrine through the actionable use requirement. The authors attempt to discern the normative foundations of the individual cause of actions in the infringement liability and argue that such foundations should serve to delimit the scope of protection offered therein. Given the relevance of expressive uses in trademark law, the last section of the present study examines the relevance of constitutional and policy-based arguments in determining trademark infringement liability. The study reveals that, within Indian judicial discourse, there is an alarming disconnect between the normative foundations of infringement liability and their interpretation. This affects the interpretation of the limitations offered by the trademark statute and can potentially push trademark law in troubling


This paper reports on perceptions of causes of uterine prolapse of women suffering from this condition, and the problems they experience, based on information collected from 37 rural poor women in Tamil Nadu, India. Clinical examination confirmed a diagnosis of uterine prolapse in 32 women. All the women worked as wage laboueres in agriculture. The mean age at which the women had developed symptoms of the condition was 26.2 yrs, and roughly 40 per cent of the women reported to be suffering from uterine prolapse after their very first or second deliveries. All but one had had all normal deliveries. According to the women, strenous manual work soon after delivery was an important factor associated with uterine prolapse, alongside factors such as frequent childbearing, or trauma to the pelvic floor following surgery. Uterine prolapse seriously compromises the quality of life of the women affected. It had far reaching consequences not only for their physical health, but also for their sexual lives, and their ability to work and earn a livelihood. There were a series of barriers to medical help for uterine prolapse, ranging from women's reluctance to seek treatment and lack of familial support, to ineffective treatment and high monetary and opportunity costs. Prolapse of the uterus is one of the most common sequlae of a difficult childbirth. [ 1, 2 ] This condition is caused by the weakening of the pelvic muscles and ligaments that support the uterus, usually following damage after a difficult delivery, but sometimes, also following gynaecological surgery. The uterus sags down into the vagina, and may even protrude out between the vaginal lips. However, the sysmptoms may not appear till after menopause, when the damaged muscles lose tone and the ligaments atrophy . [ 3 ] There are three degrees of utero-vaginal prolapse. In first-degree prolapse, the cervix appears at the vaginal opening only when the woman is asked to bear down. In seconddegree prolapse, the cervix descends to the level of the vulva , and in third-degree prolapse, the cervix protrudes outside the vulva. The condition where the entire uterus may protrudes outside the vulva, bringing with it both the vaginal walls, is called procidentia. A woman with prolapse may complain of a lump in the vagina or a feeling of "something is coming down", back-ache and a bearing down sensation, abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, disturbances of micturition, frequency and dysuria, stress incontinence, difficulty in defecation , profuse periods, irregular bleeding and bleeding due to the protruding prolapse becoming ulcerated. If there is a large prolapse, the external swelling may inconvenience the woman in walking and carrying out her every day duties. [ 4 ] This paper reports on perceptions of causes of uterine prolapse by women suffering from this condition, and the problems they experience, based on information collected from 37 rural poor women who had volunteered to have a clinical examination by a gynaecologist. Although based on a self-selected and small sample of women, the paper's relevance lies in its focus on women's perceptions of the causes of uterine prolapse and of its impact on their daily lives. Most published studies to date on uterine prolapse are hospital-based, clinical, and examine aspects such as incidence, characteristics of the women diagnosed with the condition, and prognosis following surgical repair. [ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ] The setting The women whose perceptions and experiences are reported in this paper belong to villages surrounding Chengalpattu town in Tamil Nadu, India. The clinical examination had been organised by Rural Women's Social Education Centre (RUWSEC), a grassroots women's organisation working in these villages. There had been a demand from the community for a clinical check-up, following the finding from a baseline survey that 106 women of the 4117 women between 15 and 50 years in the villages covered by the organisation's community health project were suffering from second or third degree uterine prolapse (according to women's self-reported morbidity). [ 10 ] The clinical examination was organised in a community hall in Tirukkazhukundram town, located centrally to the villages from which the women came and well-connected by buses. The women came to the community hall from their villages in public buses. They were compensated for the busfare, and the clinical examination was held free of cost. Drugs were also dispensed free of cost following the clinical examination. The day's events comprised of a workshop in the morning on utero-vaginal prolapse and its management and treatment, followed in the afternoon by clinical examination of the women by a senior gynaecologist. The workshop session had built in a lot of discussiontime for women to ask questions and clarify their doubts. Information on women's perceptions and experiences on uterine prolapse was collected with the help of a check-list by the NGO's senior community workers in one of the rooms, at the same time as the gynaecologist performed clinical examination on women in another room. Interviews with women were carried out in complete privacy, with the informed consent of the women. The primary purpose of the data collection was to help the organisation with suitable follow-up activities. Profile of the women All 37 women who came for the workshop and clinical examination were from landless agricultural labouring households, and belonged to the Scheduled Castes. All the women worked as manual wage labourers in agriculture. Nearly all (34 out of 37) were illiterate. Thirty two of the 37 women (87 per cent) were found to be suffering from utero-vaginal prolapse on clinical examination, while five did not have any apparent gynaecological problem. The mean age of women suffering from prolapse was 37.5 years. [ 11 ] However, many women had been suffering from the condition for more than ten years (mean 12.3 yrs). The mean age at which the women had developed symptoms of the condition was 26.2 yrs. Roughly forty per cent of the women (13 of 32) reported to be suffering from uterine prolapse after their very first (10 women) or second deliveries (3 women), 11 women after their third delivery, 9 women after their fourth to sixth deliveries and two, after their ninth delivery. All but two women had experienced only normal deliveries. There was one instance of a forceps assisted delivery, and one stillbirth. About forty per cent of the women (13 of 32) had delivered all their babies at home, twenty eight per cent (9 women) had had all their deliveries in public hospitals, and the remaining ten had delivered some babies at home and some usually the first and the last in hospital. Twenty two of the thirty two women had undergone tubal ligation in hospital the nineteen who had hospital deliveries and three others. The profile of the women with prolapse in this instance appears to vary from that commonly found in medical text books. For example, one text book describes the typical patient who complains of prolapse as " the woman aged about 50 years, who has given birth to several children and who usually gives the history of a difficult confinement or of the birth of large children." [ 4 ] Studies from industrialised countries have also reported age, parity and weight of the woman to be significantly associated with the risk of uterine prolapse. [ 6, 8 ] However, some developing country studies indicate that uterine prolapse may occur in a relatively young population. For example, a study from two hospitals in Kenya during 1989-93 of 156 and 195 patients with uterine prolpase respectively, illustrated that this is mainly a rural problem of a relatively younger population. [ 12 ] In another study from Dakar of 104 cases of genital prolapses, the average age of the women was 30 years and 64 per cent were between the ages of 20 and 39 years. [ 13 ] An early study from India confirms the same. A study of 214 women admitted to the gynaecological ward of Osmania hospital, Hyderabad during 1951-54, observed that uterine prolapse was not necessarily the outcome of repeated childbirth but often followed damage to the pelvic floor after the very first delivery. [ 14 ] Perceived causes Women were asked what they thought had caused the uterine prolapse. Heavy manual labour within a week to a fortnight following delivery was perceived to be the cause by 18 of the 32 women. "I had delivered my first child in my husband's home, because my mother was too poor to bring me home for delivery. I had no rest even for a week. One day, I had to carry a huge basket of cow dung. As I bent down and lifted it up from the floor to put it on my head, I felt something give way inside." [ 30 yr old woman with 3 children] "After my third delivery, I had to do all the household work from the very next day. I had to boil the paddy to dehusk it (to make rice). After sitting next to the fire for many hours, when I lifted the large vessel up to drain the water, I blacked out and fainted. After this, I have had the prolapse."[42 yr old woman with 3 children] " We are very poor. My husband and I were both bonded labourers those days. It was soon after my first delivery, I had to carry a heavy bundle of firewood on my head . That's when it happened". [45 yr old woman with 9 children ] The stories (of the 18 women) were very similar of having lifted up water pots, or the heavy pounding instrument to pound the rice or millet, and sensing a protrusion soon after. All but two of those who developed prolpase after their first or second deliveries reported such incidents. One woman reported violence as the cause. Lhad returned to hospital for resuturing of her tubectomy incision. Her husband was very angry that she had gone away yet again, leaving him to manage everything at home. Finding her lying down after her return from hospital, he physically assaulted her. She believes that the prolapse followed this. In the case of N_ ,


The following statement is proved for the Levy–Laplacian defined as the Cesaro mean of second-order directional derivatives: a connection form on a base Riemannian C3-smooth manifold satisfies the Yang–Mills equations if and only if the parallel transport associated with the connection is Levy harmonic. This statement is an improvement of the well-known result of L. Accardi, P. Gibilisco and I. V. Volovich2 (see also Ref. 1).


The swift development of the higher vocational-technical education has set many requests to the reform of English teaching.The Employment-oriented,competency-based training model is one of the main tasks of higher vocational education reform and development.We therefore urgently needed to take the employment as guidance,take the practical talents training as the goal,reflect on the current status of English teaching,and hold opportunity to carry on the positive exploration and reform.


 Degree diploma in Architecture awarded prior to Ministerial Decree 509/99  LM-2 Archaeology  LM-3 Landscape Architecture  LM-4 Architecture and Building Engineering  LM-4 Single Cycle 5-year degree in Architecture and Building Engineering  LM-10 Architectural and Environmental Heritage Conservation  LM-12 Design  LM-23 Civil Engineering  LM-24 Building Systems Engineering  LM-35 Environmental and Land Engineering  LM-48 Urban and Environmental Land Planning  LM-89 History of Art  2/S Archaeology  3/S Landscape Architecture  4/S Architecture and Building Engineering  10/S Architectural and Environmental Heritage Conservation  28/S Civil Engineering  38/S Environmental and Land Engineering  54/S Urban and Environmental Land Planning  103/S Theories and Methods of Industrial Design  95/S Art History


Moving from web to field, from Victorian parlour to 21st-century mall, the 15 essays gathered here seek to yield new insights regarding the intersection of local culture, musical creativity and technological possibilities. Inspired by the concept of "technoculture", the authors locate technology squarely in the middle of expressive culture: they are concerned with how technology culturally informs and infuses aspects of everyday life and musical experience, and they argue that this merger does not necessarily result in a "cultural grayout", but instead often produces exciting new possibilities. In this collection, we find evidence of musical practices and ways of knowing music that are informed or even significantly transformed by new technologies, yet remain profoundly local in style and meaning. The contributors include Kai Fikentscher, Tong Soon Lee, Matthew Malsky, Charity Marsh, Marc Perlman, Janet L. Sturman, Thomas Porcello and Melissa West.


Int all books ont physiological chemistry anid clinical diagnosis oiie is recommended to pl1a( e greait relianice oni the biur-et reaetion. In thle course of soiue investigations oni tlhe coniparative reliabilitv of variioIus tests for serumiii albtumient I found(I that I obtainied very colntradictory results witlh this test, adli(therefor-e I thiniik it wi-oul(l be of ilnterest to grive tlhe results wi-hihel I obtainied in an exhaustive series of tests. Thlie uisual mIlethio(d , iveii in books for carrvincr out this test is: thlat onie adds to the albumiieni solution somiie sodal. solutioln .and thleln, drIop by dirop, a very (lilute soluttioni of copper suilplhate, a blue precipitate appealrinig wlhichl, oIn shakiilg, dissolves witlh a piiik tilnge, finally clialnging to a re(ldishl violet.1 Butit on doing(, this I founiid that onie could niot be certaini of obtainin(g the reactioni in a uirinie wliichi by otlher tests, such as cold nitric acid, acetic acid aiid heat, and potatssi3ium ferroevatnide aniid acetic acid, gave clear inidicationis of the presenice of albumienl. It was tlierefore necessary to im.ake up a solutioni containing a definiite (Itialtitv of serum albumiieni and to repeat the tests. Oni doing this I found th.at it was impossible to m.lake certain of obt;aining conistalnt ressults unless onie used solutions of soda anid copper sulplate of defillite strenlgtlh, for tlle additionl of the soda solutioni in varyiilng amountiits made a great differenee in tlhe result of the test. It is genierally recognised tlhzat it is necessary to add a dilutte solutioni of copper sulplhate, anid I founiid tliat' although with a hiigh percelntaghe of albumen a 2;1, per ceint. soluitioni of copper sull)llate iua4 be used, yet for all practical purposes tlhe soluttioni of col)l)pe stulplhate slhotul(d niot be stronger tlhani 1 per centt. Anothel poinit oni which the various text-books, wbhiel I hiave had an opportunity of consultincg, lay little stress is oni that of lheatinig, and


Morris, G. J., Coulson, G. E., and Engels, M. 1986. A cryomicroscopic study of Cylindrocystis brebissonii De Bary and two species of Micrasterias Ralfs (Conjugatophyceae, Chlorophyta) during freezing and thawing.—J. exp. Bot. 37: 842-856. The changes in morphology of the unicellular algae Cylindrocystis brebissonii and two species of Micrasterias during freezing and thawing were observed on a light microscope fitted with a temperature controlled stage. At slow rates of cooling extensive shrinkage of the protoplast was observed. The response of the cell wall varied with cell-type. In C. brebissonii plasmolysis was not observed and the cell wall and protoplast shrank together. In Micrasterias the cell wall did not contract and a distinct plasmolysis was observed. Following freezing to and thawing from —25 °C cells of C. brebissonii were non-viable but remained osmotically responsive. Cooling at faster rates induced intracellular ice formation in all cell-types. The critical rate of cooling varied with cell-type and was determined by cell volume and suface area. Intracellular gas bubbles were observed during thawing following both rapid and slow cooling. Following cooling in dimethylsulphoxide cells of C. brebissonii were protected against freezing injury. The recovery on thawing from —196 °C being determined by the rate of cooling, an optimum rate of 1°C min-1 was observed. During slow rates of cooling ( 20°C min"1).


This paper explored land environmental issues in Three Gorges Resettlement Area, taking Wushan County as a case. Having summarized the major land environmental problems as well as their causes in the Wushan Resettlement, the paper set six river basins as its research units and chose eight representative factors of environmental risk from three aspects of eco-system risk, social risk and environmental pollution risk. The paper made a risk evaluation of land environmental problems in the regions by employing Delphi method and Analytic hierarchical programming(AHP), and proposed a pattern of eco-friendly utilization in the regions for the sake of their sustainable development.


We investigate non-equilibrium transport properties in a series of quantum dots in which the Kondo resonance is influenced by the coupling between dots. Based on the Anderson Hamiltonian in the strongly interacting limit, we show the splitting of the Kondo resonance at the Fermi surface and the appearance of negative differential conductance when the magnitude of the interdot coupling is in the order of the coupling between the dots and the leads. We illustrate the relationship between the negative differential conductance and the local densities of states at the dots under different biases. We also show the profile of energies of dots in the series when a finite bias is applied. Furthermore, the differences in transport properties between even and odd numbers of quantum dots in the series are investigated.


The utility model relates to a spinning and conjunction type automatic controlling pressure cooker with a plurality of sensors. The pressure cooker comprises a water level automatic detector (3), a click type pressure restrict valve (9), an infrared pressure measurement and control safety valve (8), an electromagnetism safety handle (11), a spill basin (7), a W-shaped model silicon rubber cover sealing ring (14) and a spring detector (134). Compared with prior pressure cookers, the utility model has the advantages of convenience for adjusting pressure, visualized indicating, and multiplex safety protection. The connector of the pressure cooker can be controlled by an electronic control Gas fitting and a single-chip by digital or imitation signal. The automation degree and the safety protection level for the fuel gas type pressure cooker are improved, and the utility model is an upgrade product for the home-use pressure cooker.


If a small potential difference is applied between two metals separated by a thin insulating film, a current flows because of the quantum mechanical tunnel effect. For both metals in the normal state the current-voltage characteristic is linear; for one of the metals in the superconducting state the current-voltage characteristic becomes nonlinear; and for both metals in the superconductive state a negativeresistance region is obtained. From these changes in the current-voltage characteristics, the change in the electron density of states when a metal goes from its normal to its superconductive state can be inferred. By using this technique the energy gap in metal films 1000 to 3000 A thick at 1 deg K is found to be 2 epsilon /sub Pb/ = (2.68 plus or minus 0.06) x IO/sup 3/ev, 2 epsilon /sub Sn/ is = (1.11 plus or minus 0.03) x 10/sup -3/1 ev, 2 epsilon /sub In/ = (1.05 plus or minus 0.03) X 10/sup - / 3>s ev, and 2 epsilon /sub Al/ = (0.32 plus or minus 0.03) x 10/sup -3/) ev. The variation of the gap width with temperature is found. The energy gap in the films is found to depend upon the applied magneticmore » field, decreasing with increasing field. (auth)« less


We have studied the singlet exciton decay by picosecond photoinduced absorption in films of C[sub 60], under pressures up to 62 kbar. The picosecond decay of excitons excited in the absorption tail continues to be dominated by broad distributions of lifetimes at high pressure. These results suggest that the distributions of lifetimes do not arise from variations in tunneling or hopping rates between C[sub 60] molecules as was originally suggested, but arise from distributions of recombination rates at different sites in the sample.


This text, according to emotional color theory, via analysing the personality characteristics of different colors and people's psychological reaction to different colors, sets forth the affects of bedding colors to a taste bedroom.


Previous papers in thymocytes' suspensions of rats, point out to the activity of Adenosine Deaminase(ADA) as potential marker of nutritional status. Moreover, some authors have verified its increase in serum of patients with pathologies related with lymphocytes T. Therefore, subjects with nutritional disorders have shown depression of the immune system, evaluated through immunological markers. So, we analyze if serum ADA activity on populations in nutritional risk, could be considered functional biochemical parameter.


Recognition of object categories from their images is extremely challenging due to the large intra-class variations, and variations in pose, illumination and scale, in addition to lack of depth information of the object. Recovering the depth information from multiple images or from image cues such as variations in illumination or focus, is both computationally intensive and error prone. In contrast, the appearance based approaches are more robust and computationally efficient. However, they lack the potential accuracy of 3D feature based approaches due to the lack of shape information. We propose the use of structured lighting patterns projected on the object, which gets deformed according to the shape of the object for recognition. Since our goal is object classification and not shape recovery, we characterize the deformations using simple texture measures, thus avoiding depth recovery step. Moreover, the shape information present in the deformations is implicitly used for classification. We show that the information thus derived can significantly improve the accuracy of object category recognition from arbitrary-pose images.


A point λ in the complex plane is said to be free if the group generated by the matrices (1201)and(10λ1)


Provided is a system for measuring biological information whereby an attribute of biological information that is determined on the basis of the situation in which the biological information is measured can be automatically determined. Thus, the user's convenience can be improved. An apparatus for obtaining biological information characterized by comprising: a communication section (155) for obtaining body movement detection unit data (D1) relating to movements of a body; a communication section (155) for obtaining blood sugar meter data (D2), body composition meter data (D3), or sphygmomanometer data (D4) of said body; and a means for determining the attributes of the blood sugar meter data (D2), body composition meter data (D3) and sphygmomanometer data (D4) of said body on the basis of the body movement detection unit data (D1).


In this article I will address the question of how teaching in schools can best promote the development of persons. It has become apparent to me in reflecting on it that logically, psychologically, and temporally what happens in schools is posterior to and dependent on what occurs in homes and churches. I will try to show that schooling as it is normally conceived is a deeply ambiguous enterprise from the standpoint of personal development and that a resolute recognition of this ambiguity may point the way to the improvement of teaching. In the simplest terms, my thesis is that the school curriculum, by virtue of its concentration on knowledge, principally of the discursive variety, may lead to the depersonalizing of the learner, and that to counteract this tendency it is necessary for the teacher to be vividly aware of the limitations of the various academic ways of knowing and alert to the personal elements inherent in the appropriate formation and use of these modes of cognition. Whenever we talk about desirable teaching outcomes we evidently must have in mind some conception of what would contribute to an optimally developed person. Such a person would not be one who had merely accumulated a large store of knowledge such as one might find in an encyclopedia. A person might be a knowledgeable fool, filled with information but unable to use it appropriately. The ideal type would rather be defined, I submit, by his capacity to act wisely in a wide range of circumstances and situations. In short, the model person would be one who knows how to live well. I will presently try to indicate just what that defining phrase means. The ambiguity of schooling that I referred to earlier consists in the fact that conventional knowledge acquisition does not necessarily help one to live well at all, and indeed may even tend to dry up the wellsprings of life entirely. Let us consider what might be intended by saying that a person knows how to live well. The phrase suggests a broad range of competences, abilities, or capacities for action. What is the basis for such competences? Clearly, it is the total complex reality that we refer to as a person. A person acts as a whole, with his entire being. Knowing how to live is a manifestation of what one is, as an integral reality comprised of body, sensations, emotions, intentions, habitual


Foreword. Preface. Contributing Authors. Chapter 1. Asymmetric Synthesis. Chapter 2. Reduction. Chapter 3. Oxidation. Chapter 4. Olefination. Chapter 5. Amine Synthesis. Chapter 6. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Synthesis. Chapter 7. Miscellaneous Functional Group Manipulations. Appendixes. Appendix 1. Table of Contents for Volume 1: Name Reactions in Heterocyclic Chemistry. Appendix 2. Table of Contents for Volume 3: Name Reactions for Chain Extension. Appendix 3. Table of Contents for Volume 4: Name Reactions for Ring Formation. Appendix 4. Table of Contents for Volume 5: Name Reactions in Heterocyclic Chemistry-2. Subject Index.


The linear frequency modulation continuous wave (LFMCW) radar has high theoretical ranging precision. But in the practical process, it acquires the range information from its power spectrum through digital signal processing which is limited by the data length, so its practical system has lower practical ranging precision approximating to its ranging resolution. There are some problems with the existing methods which they have large amount of calculation or are lack of high ranging precision. This paper proposes a CZT - linear fitting algorithm for LFMCW radars. This algorithm can improve the ranging precision significantly to meet the application needs of higher precision radars in the case of adding less calculation.


This study is on Turkana-Dassanech Relations: Economic Diversification and Frequency of Inter-communal Conflict, 1984-2015. The focus is on induced economic diversification and its influence on frequency of inter-communal conflicts between the Turkana and Dassanech communities of north-west Kenya. The study sought to assess four hypotheses, namely; that the Turkana and Dassanech communities have historically been in conflict: there has been a gradual decline in pastoral activities in the study area; that there has been diversification of livelihoods as a response to the continual decline of pastoral yields to bellow subsistence levels; and fourthly, that the adoption of the 'new' economies has increased the frequency of conflict in the study area. The study used Eco-scarcity theory in analysing the nexus between supply-induced resource scarcity, economic diversification and frequency of communal conflicts. Thirty five respondents were interviewed in Lodwar, Kalokol and Illeret regions. Focused group discussions were also held in these areas. Documentations from Kenya National Archives and Reports by agencies working in the area played a key role in reconstructing the history of the relations between the Turkana and the Dassanech.


In this paper, a novel circularly polarized, single-feed microstrip antenna is presented. The operating frequency can be controlled by adjusting the S-slot arm lengths and the feed point. The design has a reduced antenna size compared to the conventional circularly polarized microstrip antenna at a given operating frequency. Further more, the circularly polarized radiation quality is excellent over the entire upper hemisphere. The simulated 10dB return loss bandwidths is about 10% (1500M∼1655M), which covers the global positioning system and Glonass.


The new methyl [3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-{[(2,4-dichloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methylidene]hydrazinylidene}-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetate was synthesized from 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methylidene-3-thiosemicarbazide using dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate as thia-Michael reaction acceptor. New compounds (3 and 4) were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy methods.


Dasyphora sinensis, sp. nov. (fig. 1).? Closely related to Dasyphora quadrisetosa Zimin, 1951, but differing mainlyfrom the latter as follows:? Similar to the male, except for the usual sexual differences.Holotype.?, Liaoning: Jianchang Xian (mt. Daheishan), 1973. Ⅸ. 7; allotype?, 1973. Ⅸ. 1. same as holotype; paratypes 5 ?, 10 ? 99, same as holotype.


The effective leadership is very important for the public sector functioning. The effectiveness of the leadership process is influenced by many factors. One of them relates to the behaviour of leaders and managers. The leadership grid is a practical model for training managers, supervisors, and leaders. This model has a particular importance from the aspect of increasing productivity and commitment to the work of employees. To apply the model, it is necessary to identify the behavioural orientation of the leader or manager. Empirical research was conducted in July 2021, within the organizational units of the Human Resources Sector of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Republic of Serbia using an anonymous survey questionnaire on a sample of 50 respondents. Descriptive statistical indicators were applied in hypothesis testing. The research findings indicate that employees believe that direct managers are more focused on the implementation of tasks. Based on the "leadership grid" model, the leadership style- Compromise Management is represented. Furthermore, the results of this research can contribute to the development of professional capacities to make the processes more effective and improve the work of the public sector.


Previous work on interactions in the memory clinic has shown that Conversation Analysis (CA) can be used to differentiate neurodegenerative dementia (ND) from functional memory disorder (FMD). Based on this work, a screening system was developed that uses a computerised 'talking head' (IVA) and a combination of automatic speech recognition and CA-informed programming. This system can reliably differentiate patients with FMD from those with ND by analysing the way they respond to questions from either a human doctor or the IVA. However, much of this computerised analysis has relied on simplistic, nonlinguistic phonetic features such as the length of pauses between talk by the two parties. To gain confidence in automation of the stratification procedure, this paper 1 Human Communication Sciences, University of Sheffield 2 Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield 3 Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield 4 Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK


This is a modern, clean and friendly boutique resort in Kata, offering the ideal accommodation for single travellers, couples and families on short or long-term stays in Phuket. This air-conditioned guesthouse has a total of 20 rooms on offer. It provides..


Since September 1999, Washington University has been funded as a Research Resource in Radionuclide Research by the National Cancer Institute. The goals of the Resource include providing novel radionuclides for collaborative research and other applications. In addition, imaging facilities at Washington University, including the microPET (Concorde Microsystems, Knoxville, TN), the first commercial device based on the design of Cherry and colleagues (1), are being made available to collaborators to assist in the evaluation of radiotracers for both diagnosis and therapy.


© 2017 by Pedro M. de Oliveira. This work consists of an experimental investigation of the early phase of ignition in uniformly dispersed kerosene droplets carried in a turbulent air flow. Ignition was achieved by focusing a laser beam. Jet A and two other alternative fuels for aviation were assessed in terms of the probability of igniting a small kernel, the probability of producing a selfpropagating flame, and the flame speed. Overall, all fuels showed high kernel ignition probability due to the high laser energy used. However, although a kernel was formed in most ignition attempts, its growth varied considerably between the three fuels and with changes in equivalence ratio, temperature, and flow velocity. Thus, the probability of ignition varied between 100% and 0% for overall lean conditions, with Jet A being the most difficult to ignite among the three fuels. The flame speed also showed considerable variations between the fuels at the same conditions with Jet A being the slowest, attributed to the smallest degree of evaporation achieved at the spark location with this fuel.


This work presents a preparation of 10 vol.% zirconia-alumina composites with micrometer alumina and submicrometer zirconia grains via o lter pressing and cold isostatic pressing for low temperature consolidation, and constant heating rate sintering (CHR), two-step sintering (TSS) and reverse two-step sintering (RTSS) for high temperature consolidation. The powders of nano-zirconia (10 nm) and alumina (175 nm) were used. Temperatures T1 and T2 of 1600°C and 1350°C were set for TSS, respectively. A reversed sequence of these temperatures was used for RTSS. The resultant composites were characterized in terms of density, microstructural features, hardness and fracture toughness. Both the forming method and the heating schedule showed negligible effects on density of the composites that were sintered using the heating schedules involving a temperature of 1600°C. The microstructure of composites was affected mainly by the heating schedule applied. The composite containing alumina grains of ~2.2 o m and uniformly dispersed zirconia grains of ~0.25 o m was obtained in case of the TSS schedule. The reversed two-step sintering (RTSS) delivered the most coarse-grained microstructures. The temperature T1 of 1600°C generated large grain growth ratios (10.8-18.5), resulting in the composites showing densities close to 95, but reasonably good hardness (20.8 ± 0.2 GPa) and fracture toughness (7.0 ± 0.2 MPa¬ m0.5).


Fracture density is one of the main parameters which are important to fracture characteristics and quantitative characterization of fractured reservoir. Jinzhounan Archaean metamorphic buried- hill develops a large number of fractures. Fracture density of core analysis is very high,but according to image logging calculating,fracture density is very low. The study finds that fractures of most wells in the buried- hill over- develop in some intervals and result in breaking of the rock,so that the image logging can only identify a small number of cracks and result in fracture density which is calculated according to image logging is low. In order to accurately describe the development of fractures in buried- hill reservoir,for the first time,this paper establishes relationships between image logging fracture density and reservoir total porosity or reservoir resistivity,proposes the concept of equivalent fracture density and uses it to quantitatively characterize fractures. Petroleum reservoir performance shows that fracture distribution 3D model based on the equivalent fracture density can more accurately describe pattern of fracture occurrence and is able effectively to guide the development and production of the oilfield.


A thermo‐chemical mantle convection model with both primordial compositional layering and recycling of mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) coupled to a parameterized core heat balance model is used to investigate how the thermo‐chemical evolution of the mantle affects the thermal history of the core including primordial material proposed by early Earth hypotheses. The viscosity formulation has been improved from our previous works. The amount of MORB that accumulates above the CMB is strongly dependent on effective Rayleigh number, such that more accumulates at higher Ra (lower viscosity), but a continuous layer of MORB is not obtained here. With initial primordial layering, large‐scale thermo‐chemical anomalies are found in the deep mantle, which are generated mainly by the primordial material with small amount of segregated basaltic material on top of it, localized in the hot upwelling region. A successful core evolution can only be obtained when initial primordial layering is present. In conclusion, primordial material above the CMB originated from early mantle differentiation might be needed to construct a realistic model of a coupled mantle and core evolution. However, in the current study, the convective vigor is lower than realistic and we only consider the case that primordial material is denser than MORB.


The paper analyzes the characteristics of the CD attached to books and introduces the management modes of CD attached to books in college and university libraries,proposes several advices on how to manage them scientifically,including utilizing the storage spaces reasonably,introducing intelligent CD management database,constructing cloud storage framework for the mirror server,etc.


Abstract Turning the Tide on Poverty is designed in part to expand the number of new voices in community dialogs and to spur those individuals to become leaders in their communities. In this article, we explore the degree to which the success of the Tide project is linked to the emergence or presence of a local champion. We defined a champion as a catalyst or sparkplug and then examined the extant literature and our data to determine the qualities of a champion. When a person (or persons) who was enthusiastic, rallied others, and provided momentum and passion for the project emerged, that person often was identified by other community members as a key element in the success of Tide. We argue that such a person is a community champion and discuss our findings within the Community Capitals Framework. Implications for spurring improvements in distressed communities in the southern US are discussed.


OF PROCEEDINGS, MAY, 1904. The inontlily meeting of the Ko.yal Societ}of Tasmania was held on Mondaj^ evening. His Excellency the Li&ut.-Governor. Sir John Bodds, presided. There was a large attendance of members and mjembers' friends, many ladies being pre-


High-resolution near-infrared and far-infrared observations are presented of the southeastern molecular cloud fragment in the IC 5146 dark cloud. These observations rule out earlier suggestions for the formation of massive stars in this fragment.


High resolution physical mapping of clonal DNA fragments with kilobase (kb) resolution can now be performed rapidly by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) onto individual DNA molecules (DNA fibers). We developed a sensitive procedure termed 'quantitative DNA fiber mapping' which consists of three steps: preparation of DNA fibers, hybridization of non-isotopically labeled probes and determination of the relative mapping position by fluorescence image analysis. The DNA fibers are produced by binding linearized DNA molecules with one or both ends to a solid substrate followed by homogeneous stretching of the molecule by the action of a receding meniscus during drying ('molecular combing'). In a slight variation of this protocol, we deposit circular DNA molecules. Substrates for DNA immobilization are glass slides, coverslips or thin sheets of mica derivatized with amino-silane. Probes are prepared to counterstain the DNA fibers, from the clones to be mapped and for specific landmarks along linear or circular DNA molecules such as cloning vector sequences. Following hybridization and immunocytochemical detection of bound probes, images are analysed and relative distances are recorded for map assembly. Here, we describe our experience with substrate preparation, molecular combing and mapping of cloned or enzymatically synthesized probes ranging in size from 1.2 kb to 100 kb along DNA molecules that are between 17 kb and 1200 kb in size.


In this article the strategies for winter maintenance work employed by Tayside Region in Scotland are outlined. Tayside Region has a centralised weather monitoring system which is based on a series of electronic data collection points which have been placed across the region in positions calculated from satellite weather patterns. The collection points measure the road temperature, air temperature, wind speed and humidity, and this information is fed into the central computer from all points. This pin pointing of potentially hazardous roads cuts out the random spreading of salt and sand and reduces expenditure. In Tayside Region the dedicated equipment is largely four and six wheel drive Maginis Deutz vehicles fitted with snow ploughs; snow blowers and gritters. There are also other vehicles on 24 hour standby, and a fleet of current operational trucks which have the capability to be fitted with demountable equipment. Mini tractors are also utilized to grit footpaths.


Various natural disasters have occurred in Japan due to geological and meteorological conditions, causing significant human loss and economic damage. Disaster prevention technology for railways has been developed through experience and has contributed to mitigating damage. Since the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, however, the paradigm of disaster prevention has shifted. Japanese Government disaster prevention now focuses on mitigating the impact of and resilience against large-scale disasters caused by forces larger than those considered up until now. This paper introduces the results of recent research into disaster prevention technology, and describes research plans for mitigating the impact of and resilience against large-scale disasters.


Plant Science
In the Arabidopsis meristem, cell sizes are regularized despite asymmetric cell divisions. D'Ario et al. describe a balanced regulatory system that controls the duration of the growth phase of the cell cycle preceding DNA synthesis. KIP-related protein 4 (KRP4) inhibits progression to DNA synthesis. Because the amount of KRP4, which binds to mitotic chromosomes, is titrated to the amount of chromosomal DNA, daughter cells begin with similar amounts of KRP4 despite possible asymmetric cell divisions. Deviations are adjusted as excess KRP4 is degraded and the cell size is normalized.

Science , abb4348, this issue p. [1176][1]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abb4348


Polarized emissions from various astrophysical sources provide an additional means to infer the properties of the source. This information can be extracted by imaging the Stokes parameters characterizing these emissions, from the incomplete Fourier sampling measurements provided by the radio interferometer. To solve the corresponding ill-posed inverse problem, we recently proposed the Polarized SARA method which exploits the polarization constraint along with imposing an average sparsity prior for each of the Stokes parameters, encompassed in a reweighting approach. Motivated by the large amounts of data produced by the next-generation radio interferometers, in the current work, we propose a scalable version of this method, combined with an accelerating strategy. We showcase the performance of this improved method on a real dataset acquired by the Very Large Array (VLA).


The invention provides a spicy dried scallop sauce. The spicy dried scallop sauce is made by using dried scallop as a main raw material and adding other auxiliaries. The invention further discloses a making method of the spicy dried scallop sauce. The method comprises the steps of processing raw materials, cooking the dried scallop, cutting the dried scallop, frying and cooking, packing, sterilizing and storing. The spicy dried scallop sauce provided by the invention is tender, glutinous and fresh in taste and fresh in color and luster, the primary color, aroma and taste of the dried scallop are preserved; the spicy dried scallop sauce has the effects of nourishing yin and tonifying blood, replenishing qi and invigorating the spleen, and is capable of reducing blood pressure by eating frequently.


The authors designed an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) arc welding inverter power supply,in which the PI regulation and pulse width modulation were implemented by digital signal processor (DSP) and control circuit of the system was performed by full-digital circuit.The drive circuit with IGD515EI and the software flow chart are given. The paper analyzes the damage phenomenon at turning off and puts forward a solving method is put forward.This work is supported by National Special Fund of Excellent Paper of Doctor's Degree (No.200250).


The library of Cangzhou Teachers College is taken as an example to show that local universities take the priority in the protection of non-material cultural heritage.Thus it is of far-reaching significance to protect the non-material cultural heritage.


TRANSLITERATION LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION 1. Book of Business Transactions and Rules Concerning Them. 2. The Book of Oath and Vows. 3. The Book of Food. 4. Book of Drinks. 5. Book of Medicine. 6. Book of Dress and Perfume. 7. Book of Hunting. 8. Book of Ritual Slaughter. 9. Book of Sacrificial Animals and the Offerings made for Newborn Children. 10. Book of Marriage. 11. Book of Divorce. 12. Book of the Emancipation of Slaves. 13. Book of Benefactions. 14. Book of Wills. 15. Book of Inheritance. 16. Book of Bloodwit. 17. Book of Divinely Ordained Punishments. 18. Book of Thieves and Robbers. 19. Book of Apostasy and Innovation. 20. Book of Usurpation and Transgression. 21. Book of Commodate Loans and Deposits. 22. Book of Finds, The Foundling and the Runaway Slave. 23. Book of Partition and Construction. 24. Book of Evidence. 25. Book of Claims and Clear Proofs. 26. Book of the Etiquette of Qadis. GLOSSARY BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CITED WORKS INDEX INDEX OF QUARANIC VERSES


We demonstrate that HD 174005, a star recently classied as belonging to the Boo group, is in reality a double lined spectroscopic binary; at some phases, the observed composite spectrum may be similar to that of a single star with weak metal lines.


The n.m.r. behaviour of Co(tmtu)2X2(X = Br or I) complexes has been examined in acetone solutions. The effects of temperature and of excess of ligand on the isotropic shifts of the compounds have been studied. The complexes are partly dissociated and a fast ligand exchange takes place at room temperature. The position of the lines allows determination of the steric arrangement of the ligand in the complexes : only the conformer with the NH proton trans to sulphur is detectable in solution and therefore the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds is not possible.


When terrorist attacks occur, our children may witness or learn about these events by watching TV, talking with people at school, or over hearing adults discussing the events. For instance, the September 11th, 2001 attacks and the Oklahoma City bombing received widespread attention and media coverage and many children were exposed. But how should we speak to our children about these events when they occur? Should we shield them from such horrors or talk openly about them? How can we help children make sense of a tragedy that we ourselves cannot understand? How will children react? How can we help our children recover? Fortunately, there have been relatively few terrorist attacks. One consequence of this is that there is little empirical research to help us answer the above questions. Information from related events can be used to provide answers.


Abstract Diabetes mellitus affects 451 million people worldwide, and people with diabetes are 3-5 times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. In vascular tissue, mitochondrial function is important for vasodilation and arterial stiffness, both of which are abnormal in diabetes. Diabetes-mediated generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be contributing to this problem. We have identified (-)-epicatechin (EPICAT), a plant compound and known vasodilator, as a potential therapy. We hypothesized that mitochondrial ROS accumulation in cells treated with high glucose (HG) or antimycin A (AA, a compound targeting complex III) could be diminished by EPICAT. We further hypothesized that reduction of ROS would correlate with improved mitochondrial dynamics and cellular signaling. To test this hypothesis, we employed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) treated with HG, AA, and/or 0.1 or 1.0 µM of EPICAT, and measured mitochondrial and cellular superoxide, mitochondrial dynamics, and cellular signaling upstream of mitochondrial function. AA significantly increased mitochondrial width (p=0.012) and decreased mitochondrial length (p=0.0001), but we observed no impact of EPICAT. We measured superoxide production by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy using two spin probes specific to mitochondrial (Mito-TEMPO-H) and total cell (CMH) superoxide. No impact of HG treatment was detected in the total cell superoxide; however, an increase in mitochondrial superoxide was measured in cells treated with HG as compared to control (0.42 µM superoxide vs. 0.31 µM superoxide, respectively). We found that both concentrations of EPICAT significantly attenuated mitochondrial superoxide production when treated with HG (HG alone=0.44 µM superoxide, HG + 0.1 µM EPICAT=0.34 µM superoxide, HG + 1.0 µM EPICAT= 0.34 µM superoxide, p=0.02 EPICAT effect), but not with AA treatment. We found that in combination with HG, 0.1 µM EPICAT significantly increased eNOS expression (p<0.05). At 1.0 µM, EPICAT also increased peNOS expression (p<0.05) and attenuated a decrease in pAMPK (p<0.05) in response to HG. EPICAT at both concentrations significantly increased mitochondrial complex II expression (p<0.05 for both). In summary, HG-induced mitochondrial ROS is responsive to EPICAT, whereas AA-induced ROS is not, suggesting that EPICAT is useful in mitigating moderate ROS concentrations and may be modulating mitochondrial activity upstream of complex III. Our data further illustrate that EPICAT may be a tool to modulate both cellular and mitochondrial glucose toxicity through the regulation of AMPK and eNOS, upstream of mitochondrial activity, as well as bolstering endogenous antioxidant defenses.


The invention aims to provide a device, a system and a method for enhancing the safety of a USBKEY. After the device for enhancing the safety of the USBKEY is connected in series with a computer terminal and the USBKEY, key data in the device for enhancing the safety of the USBKEY can be safely determined and then transmitted to the USBKEY to perform corresponding operation. The method can be used for online payment. By combining with a good password protocol, the device, the system and the method which safely use services such as network banks, games and the like on a probably unsafe computer terminal can be simply and safely provided.


Novel 3D hierarchically porous and nitrogen-doped graphene-like microspheres (3D NPGSs) are prepared by precursor-assisted chemical vapor deposition. 3D NPGSs obtained by using Ni microspheres as a structural template exhibit a 3D conductive framework, and have a well-defined porous structure, large surface area and appropriate heteroatom doping, making them suitable for high-performance storage of lithium ions. Consequently, a good rate capability and excellent cycle performance are achieved using the 3D NPGSs as anodes for lithium storage, and a high reversible capacity of 840 mA h g−1 is obtained after 200 cycles. For a further capacitance boost, a thin layer of iron oxide nanoparticles is deposited onto the 3D NPGSs. The resulting 3D FeOx–NPGS electrode exhibits a stable reversible capacity up to 1343 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles.


In this paper, the problem of designing a robust optimal controller for a continuous nonsegregrated fermenter model under input constraints is considered. For a given dilution rate, a robust controller has been developed for optimizing the steady-state productivity of the fermenter under input constraints. Through computer simulations, it is shown that the controller is robust against the measurement noise.


This thesis aims to explore the views about education for the global age at secondary school held by students, student teachers and teachers in England and Japan. In this study, the global age refers to the present time when there are many emerging events and situations which people have to face globally The research combined two methods to gather the data in England and Japan: questionnaire to 400 students at 5 universities and interviews with 44 teachers in secondary schools. The research focuses on looking at the following four aspects of school education: the aims of education; the content of the school curriculum; the teaching methods and assessment methods. The key findings indicate that there are some similar opinions which can be found in England and Japan. Those opinions insist on more emphasis on personal and social education, and more up-to-date education such as ICT education. Those findings, which are found in the two countries, may apply to other countries in consideration of education for the global age. On the other hand, there are also some different opinions which reflect the social and cultural differences between the two countries. Those findings indicate that some of the issues of education for the global age should be considered carefully in accordance with the social and cultural situation of every country, even though the world will be shrinking in the global age as many teacher respondents consider.


This study focused on evaluation on thermal environment inside a box-type double-skin window cavity (0.14m width) according to operation of vents and the inside venetian blind. For this purpose, the temperatures inside cavity were measured and analyzed with local weather conditions in the summer. The average and maximum temperature inside cavity in the opened-vent case were 1.9℃ and 6.2℃ lower than the temperatures in the closed-vent case. And the average and maximum temperature inside cavity with blinds operated case were 1.2℃ and 6.6℃ higher than them with blinds not operated. As the results, the ventilation efficiency inside the cavity can be improved by opening vents, but can be decreased by pulling down the blind inside cavity.


The main limitation of the original demons image registration algorithm is the need to ensure that the grey level of corresponding voxels remains the same in both the images to register. This difficulty may be overcome by the use of more robust similarity measures, whenever they may be expressed as the sum over the entire image of a local energy. We demonstrate the convenience of a local optimisation strategy of this energy instead of the optimisation of the global metric, and suggest a methodology for the use of more general similarity measures.


This paper presents the modeling and stabilization of a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) using oscillating water columns (OWCs) as active structural control. The novel concept of this work is to design a new FOWT platform using the ITI Energy barge with incorporated OWCs at opposite sides of the tower, in order to alleviate the unwanted system oscillations. The OWCs provide the necessary opposing forces to the bending moment of the wind upon the tower and the waves upon the floating barge platform. However, the forces have to be synchronized with the tilting of the system which will be ensured by the proposed fuzzy airflow control strategy. Using the platform pitch angle, the fuzzy airflow control opens the valve of one side and closes the valve of the other side accordingly. Results of simulation in comparison with the standard FOWT and a PID-based airflow control show the efficiency of the fuzzy airflow control and its superiority to decrease the platform pitching and the top tower fore-aft displacement.


The invention relates to an automatic and intelligent-adjusting consumable-free air purifier. A consumable-free automatic and intelligent-adjusting air purifier device is absent at present. The automatic and intelligent-adjusting consumable-free air purifier comprises a catalyst packing net, an air detecting sensor module, a screen module and a fan module. The automatic and intelligent-adjusting consumable-free air purifier is characterized by further comprising an electrostatic dust removal device and a top cover, wherein the electrostatic dust removal device comprises an electrostatic dust removal device control module and a plurality of vertical metal plates; the screen module comprises a display screen and an Android control system circuit board; the Android control system circuit board is used for analyzing and processing data detected by the air detecting sensor module, and converting current air pollutant data into an air quality index; and the electrostatic dust removal device control module is used for controlling voltage of the electrostatic dust removal device and regulating dust removal efficiency; the fan drive module is controlled to regulate air quantity of the fan and regulate purifying treatment amount, so that a purifying rate is increased when ambient air quality is relatively poor and the purifying rate is reduced when the ambient air quality is relatively good. The automatic and intelligent-adjusting consumable-free air purifier is free of consumables.


Due to the massive increase of data that should be managed, the problems in data quality management have been issued. In addition the lack of integrated management of the data causes duplication of data, low qualify services, and, missing data. To overcome these problems, this study attempts to examine the way of the data qualify management. To do this, metadata was defined, and its current management status in various view points was analyzed, and finally the metadata management was applied to the container terminal. for the "A" container terminal, we performed data standardization, and reflected major constraints and developed the pilot metadata repository. The contributions of this study are in improvement of the data qualify in the container terminal, and its practical application with metadata management method. Limitations of this study is its partial implementation of the metadata management to the company and interoperability of the metadata management for business to business data integration for the future research.


This concluding chapter notes the changes in education for the gifted in tne past 25 years and looks to the future. It notes triat preceding chapters have demonstrated that the field of gifted and talented education has a rich history of significant accomplishment, has provided a sound body of knowledge to guide education of these students, and has demonstrated that special educational programming produces better learning in these students. Educators are encouraged to utilize the political spirit of the day to promote gifted education, which at the present time requires emphasizing gifted education's role in helping the United States compete in a global economy.'Ohioans are congratulated for coming together and developing a long range strategic plan for gifted education. Positive change in gifted education is seen to require people who are bold enough to take the necessary risks. (One reference) (DB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Gifted Children: Making the Year 2000 Theirs Frederick J. Weintraub Assistant Executive Director for Communication, The Council for Exceptional Children U.S. DEPARTMENT OP EDUCATION Office ot EdigishOMI RestOrth end Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) #4.n*: document nes been reproduced WI received Irom MO person or mina/Moon originating It O Minor changes neve been made to improve reproduCtion Quemy Points ot view CO opinions statiO in this dccumint do not necimeardy reprennt officio! OEM position or Pokey Almost 25 years ago, half of my life ago, I was invited to lunch at the National Press Clu') by Roy Millenson, a member of Senator Jacob Javits' staff. "The Senator would like to do something on behalf of the gifted," he said. "What does CEC suggest and what are you willing to do to make it happen?" I remember returning to The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) office knowing little about the gifted and probably less about politics. I shared my concern with the late Bill Geer, CEC's executive director, who responded with "DO it." A year later, the first federal legislation for the gifted and talented was passed and I embarked on a career as a lobbyist for students with exceptionalities. A friend once said that change is merely a result of time and circumstances. That may be true; however, advocates can seize upon the conditions of the time, creating the circunistancL.. necessary to achieve the objectives for which they advocate. Those of us who are committed to a better future for our nation's gifted and talented students should not be limited by what may appear to be a nonsupportive political environment. As I read the preceding chapters, a number of insights emerged. First, the field of gifted and talented education has a rich history of significant accomplishment. Second, a sound body of knowledge exists to guide effective education for these students. Third, we have evidence that special educational programming produces better learning And finally, there is a vision that can guide us toward a better future. Why, then, are we so far away from extending appropriate learning opportunities to all students who are gifted and talented? And, why are existing programs at risk in this era of economic constraint and educational restructuring? While there appears to be a common vision for the future, there is a corresponding lack of clarity regarding who we are. Is there a field of gifted and talented education? Do we hold common values and beliefs? Do we support each other? Are we part of the field of general education or special education, or are we separate? What are the ties that bind us together? As I talk with professionals and parents in the area of gifted education, the lack of a coherent identity becomes increasingly evident. Often, the result is a lack of trust, an inability to find a common purpose and, more important, the lack of an identity in the political world of decision making. Advocates in the area of gifted and talented education do band together, primarily in times of great strife. For example, the Coalition for the Advancemmt of Gifted Education (CAGE) was formed in the early 1980's when the Gifted and Talented Children's Educational Assistance Act was repealed. CAGE's purpose was to unite the diverse gifted and talented organizations for the purpose of defining an appropriate federal role and developing a lobbying force to achieve that role. Building consensus and trust among members of these groups, although difficult, was achieved. The Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act was the outcome of that truly collaborathe effort. Once the law was passed and STr""P sV. VHI 8S11 t 115 2 funding realized, everyone went their separate ways once more. The battle had been won, but advocates failed to see it as part of a much larger war. Maintaining the status quo is not sufficient. Rather, members of the gifted and talented community must unite to shape and achieve a common vision for the future education of our most able youngsters. Individuals with strong beliefs sometimes presume that others share their beliefs or, with appropriate indoctrination, will come to embrace their beliefs. Thus, we continue to be surprised when educators, politicians, and others behave in ways that are inconsistent with our beliefs. Our dream of a world where the interests of children and youth with exceptionalities are given priority status is far from reality. Therefore, we must, like other minority interests, work together to create the policies, resources, and advocacy necessary to assure continuing appropriate behaviors on the part of decision makers who have the power to impact the quality of education for students with exceptionalities. In r field of limited resources, it is difficult at times for people to rise above the needs of self in order to advocate for the common good. For example, parents who struggle to have the needs of their child met, often have little energy left to advocate for other children. Similarly, the competition in the marketplace for economic survival often drives many well-intentioned people to promote their ideas, products, models, and organizations, to the detriment of others. The result is that the market of opportunity for children does not expand, a market that if fully developed would allow for the needs of many individuals to be met. The ongoing debate in gifted education developing childrer's abilities for their own intrinsic purposes versus preparing children to fill the economic and social needs of our nation while intellectually stimulating, has little political value. The political milieu of our nation swings between the interests of the individual and the interests of the state. In the current political environment, gifted and talented education should be promoted as a means of developing the talent that will enable us to compete in a global economy. In the future, a message of individualism and self-fulfillment may be emphasized. We will truly continue to be hostage to changing times and circumstances unless we are willing to use them for our benefit. This is a time of great risk and great opportunity. We know how to identify and educate students who are gifted and talented in ways that will increase their educational achievement. Vie have the knowledge to better serve the increasing number of students who are ethnicallyand culturally-diverse, and culturally disadvantaged. We know that our nation is in trouble because we have not invested in developing all our children's talent. And we know that for the first time there is a high level of national energy, regardless of how misguided it may be, devoted to achieving better outcomes. The challenge to us is "carpe diem" seize the day. The citizens of Ohio in developing Interacting for Quality Learning: A Gifted Education Strategic Plan for the 1990s (Ohio Department of Education, 1991) have shown that individuals with diverse interests can unite to chart a course for the future. Similar efforts should be taken in each state and at the national level. Such planning must be forward-thinking and relevant to the current school reform and political climate. As we promote greater inclusiveness in our schools, we must be able to build and strengthen a gifted advocacy community whose members, regardless of their diversity, share common values and commitments. A balance of professionals, parents, and others who have a stake in advocating


Fate and toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are influenced by their environmental behaviors and interactions between environmental factors, among which organic matter is the most important factor, affecting physio-chemical behaviors and biological processes of PAHs. This paper reviews current progresses in the research on effects of organic matter on sorption, solubility, transport, bioavailability and toxicity of PAHs in waters, soils and sediments. The paper summarizes that ion intensity, pH, surfactant, and time are the main influencing factors on interaction between organic matter and PAHs and at the same time briefly introduces research on PAHs bound residues in soils and sediments and available methodologies, such as carbon isotope method and pyrolysis method for the research. Sequestration and biodegradation of PAHs in soils in relation to composition and character of native organic matter (especially carbon black and humic acids), and enhanced bioremediation of PAHs contaminated environment with exogenous organic substances should be further studied in the future.


D "pli'''''. imi"tion'. p""n"'. wpi... reproductions and the like are often part of our visual experience and daily social environment. Artistic productions of the last decade have engulfed us with a type of art that values and develops the fake, the simulated, inspirations and 'neo'-isms of ail kinds. This state of mind, which has a tendency to oppose ail that is linked to the modernity of the period from the 1950s through the 1970s, has permitted the development of an art that has no real dominant current. An interdisciplinary approach has succeeded the purist reductionism that once defined the limitations of each medium, so that at present the polyrnorphism of an artwork is often accompanied bya kind of hybridization of types, styles and materials. We may never have seen as much use ofborrowing and quotation as we do now. Il is in relation to this general concept that 1 have been interested in integrating holograms into sorne ofmy artistic works [1]. Having always been concerned about the relationship between reality and its representations, and even more precisely between the notions of model and of reproduction,l have chosen to explore sorne of the formaI characteristics of the hologram in terms of its conceptual implications, these being the ideas of simulation (from the natural to the artificial) and of cloning (from the unique to the multiple).


How did prostitution shape masculinity in the late Middle Ages? Although scholars have recently begun to pay more attention to the complex connections between sex, gender, and civic culture in the period, the relationship between prostitution and masculinity remains largely unexplored. This is perhaps surprising, not least because prostitution came to assume a central role in the regulation of the sexual and social order of urban life across much of late medieval Europe. Traditionally seen within urban history as a marginal figure whose dress, freedom of movement


Propaganda, is not only an important way to establish a public hospital brand,but also a close link between the hospital and the society. As a large public hospital, the China-Japan Friendship Hospital strengthen the public health information service. It has enhanced the understanding of medical system reform, won support of the masses, and created a good atmosphere for the development of the hospital.


The atmospheres of the moon and Mercury are controlled entirely by gas atom-surface interaction. Model calculations describing the steady state atmospheres have all been based on the assumption that the atmospheric particle source is a 'saturated' adsorbed surface layer of gas. We suggest that this is in disagreement with what is known of the physics of gas-surface interaction. On the assumption that interaction is with solid atoms bound in a lattice structure, most collisions with the light atmospheric particles are free-free, not free-bound. The observational and theoretical evidence indicates that energy accommodation per collision for He and H on the moon and Mercury is dominated by first-order interaction terms and is generally less than 0.1 per collision. As a result, estimated thermal escape is drastically reduced for the light atoms on both bodies. We consequently require much reduced solar wind collection efficiencies for protons and α particles. It is suggested that some peculiarities observed in the Mercury He and H atmospheres could be explained by the nature of the gas-surface coupling. The formation of H2 may not be efficient as a surface or subsurface phenomenon, and the H/H2 atmospheric ratio may be large.


We propose a single sensor-based activity classification method where the Poincare plot was introduced to analyze the variance of the angle between acceleration vector with gravity calculated from the raw accelerometer data for human activity classification. Two datasets named 'Human Activity Recognition' and 'MHealth dataset' were used to develop the model to classify activity from low to vigorous intensity activities and posture estimation. Short-term and long-term variability analyzing the property of the Poincare plot was used to classify activities according to the vibrational intensity of body movement. Commercially available Actigraph's activity classification metric 'count' resembled value was used to compare the feasibility of the proposed classification algorithm. In the case of the HAR dataset, laying, sitting, standing, and walking activities were classified. Poincare plot parameters SD1, SD2, and SDRR of angle in the case of angle variance analysis and the mean count of X-, Y-, and Z-axis were fitted to a support vector machine (SVM) classifier individually and jointly. The variance- and count-based methods have 100% accuracy in the static–dynamic classification. Laying activity classification has 100% accuracy from other static conditions in the proposed method, whereas the count-based method has 98.08% accuracy with 10-fold cross-validation. In the sitting–standing classification, the proposed angle-based algorithm shows 88% accuracy, whereas the count-based approach has 58% accuracy with a support vector machine classifier with 10-fold cross-validation. In the classification of the variants of dynamic activities with the MHealth dataset, the accuracy for angle variance-based and count-based methods is 100%, in both cases, for fivefold cross validation with SVM classifiers.


This descriptive-correlational research presented lifelong learning and its relationship to work-life balance of teacher training faculty of state universities and colleges in Western Visayas, Philippines. Using researcher-made questionnaires on lifelong learning and work-life balance to gather data from 274 randomly selected teacher education faculty from eight (8) state universities and colleges in Region VI, the study revealed varying levels and significant differences in the level of lifelong learning and work-life balance in the aggregate and in their various dimensions. In particular, significant differences were noted in the level of lifelong learning of the faculty in terms of critical thinking and problem-solving, creativity, communication, and computing when they were grouped according to area of specialization and in terms of critical thinking and problem-solving and computing when they were grouped as to academic rank. A significant difference was also noted in the level of their work-life balance in terms of time management when they were classified as to area of specialization. Finally, there was a positive and significant correlation between lifelong learning and work-life balance. In this sense, lifelong learning is related to work-life balance; hence, teacher education faculty who are equipped with more and better lifelong skills can also create greater balance between work and personal or family life. This study recommends that a human resource development program which will focus on technology use, self, time, and leisure management shall be developed by the institutions to enhance the lifelong learning and work-life balance of the faculty

Keywords: lifelong learning, work-life balance, teacher education faculty, descriptive research Philippines


Abstract Stress is a major influence on the quality of life in our fast-moving society. This paper describes a standardized and contemporary protocol that is capable of inducing moderate psychological stress in a laboratory setting. Furthermore, it evaluates its effects on physiological biomarkers. The protocol called "THM-Stresstest" mainly consists of a rest period (30 min), an app-based stress test under the surveillance of an audience (4 min) and a regeneration period (32 min). We investigated 12 subjects to evaluate the developed protocol. We could show significant changes in heart rate variability, electromyography, electro dermal activity and salivary cortisol and α-amylase. From this data we conclude that the THM-Stresstest can serve as a psychobiological tool for provoking responses in the cardiovascular-, the endocrine and exocrine system as well as the sympathetic part of the central nervous system.