In Virginia Woolf's The Years (1937), Eleanor Pargiter describes her philanthropic work with a poor Jewish family, the Levys. She tells her younger sister Milly that '' 'Mrs. Levy had her rent ready, for a wonder. . . . Lily helps her. Lily's got a job at a tailor's in Shoreditch. She came in all covered with pearls and things. They do love finery, Jews' '' (Years 31). Eleanor's description trades in mild turn-of-the-century stereotypes: the Jewish daughter works for a tailor; she dutifully contributes to the rent; and she ostentatiously displays what little wealth she has. But the stereotypes are uninteresting compared with Milly's response to her sister's narrative. '' 'Jews?' said Milly. She seemed to consider the taste of the Jews; and then to dismiss it.'' With this response Woolf's text leaves the mundane level of stereotype and presents a compelling moment of half-expressed meaning. Milly knows the Levys are Jews; she has heard about them before. But she nevertheless responds to Eleanor's generalization by repeating the word ''Jews'' interrogatively. Considering ''the taste of the Jews'' may literally mean considering Jews' taste in ''finery.'' But Milly also seems to be considering the taste of the word or category ''Jews.'' The text hints here that there is something more to consider than Eleanor's vacuous generalization: some intrinsic quality of Jewness, its essence in the sense of an extract, a concentrated form of a scent or flavor. This suggestion that Jewishness has a unique ''taste'' can be viewed as a blueprint for modernist representations of Jewishness. Modernist authors employ stereotypes, but they use them as ingredients within a more diffuse and mysterious Jewishness, a Jewishness that then serves as a device for shaping their fictions on both thematic and metatextual levels. The Jews of this study are fictional not only in the sense that they live only within works of the imagination, but also because their Jewishness is a result of the authors' vexed imaginings of what Jews are or could be. The


We propose the application of ferroelectric (FE)-based transistors, viz., negative capacitance FET (NCFET) and Hysteretic ferroelectric FET (FEFET) in the design of coupled oscillators. The proposed oscillator utilizes hysteretic inverter voltage transfer characteristics, which is achieved by virtue of: 1) negative output conductance (NOC) in NCFETs and 2) hysteretic transfer characteristics in FEFETs. With the aid of output-to-input feedback in the inverter, we show sustained oscillations which are controllable by the gate voltage of the feedback transistor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{\mathrm {BIAS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). With focus on NCFET-based designs, we show that feedback implementation with pass transistor (PT) and transmission gate (TG) yields relaxation and sinusoid-like characteristics, respectively. Such behavior offers promises for dynamically reconfiguring the oscillator dynamics. We report the fundamental frequency (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the range of 12 MHz–800 MHz and 0.7 MHz–417 MHz for TG and PT implementations, respectively. We discuss how this approach can be extended to hysteretic FEFET-based designs. We also analyze coupling between two oscillators considering various strengths of coupling capacitance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${C} _{\mathrm {CP}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). We establish the conditions for synchronization of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> between the two oscillators with respect to difference in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${C} _{\mathrm {CP}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


In the high oil prices age, various design factors of the building are required for saving the energy. Glazings and shading devices can be an alternative of reducing the excessive load of cooling and heating, especially in glass-skin buildings. The objective of this study is to present solar energies transmitted into the zone and loads of heating and cooling at peak and annual periods by using the EnergyPlus program. The results show that the application of windows with a low shading coefficient and louvers with overhang+fins decreases in the energy saving ratio.


I argue in this paper that the auteur Australian film-maker Rolf de Heer has recognized the theme of the feminine maternal in his adaptation ("The Old Man Who Read Love Stories" 2003) of Sepulveda's ecological morality tale, the 1989 novella, "Un Viejo Que Leia Novelas de Amor," and subsequently employed a female narrator in the soundscape of this film to foreground this interpretation. In doing so he has confounded expectations of feminists such as Kaja Silverman, who see male film-making auteurs as serving to reinforce notions of cinema as a site where "male lack is disavowed" (1988: 188) through the typically masculine auteur's complicit exploitation of "a complex system of displacements which locate the male voice at the point of apparent textual origin" (45).


Catalogue includes statements by three First Nations artists from Canada who participated in a residency in the Dominican Republic. Clair's journalistic text recounts his experiences in Santo Domingo. Bear reflects on the spiritual aspect of her work and the importance of women's expression. Young Man's interview with Diesing addresses socio-political issues and the extermination of the Dominican Republic's Taino people. Biographical notes. 21 bibl. ref.


A colonoscopy was performed to exclude colonic malignancy in a 50-year man with chronic constipation. The procedure was started under conscious sedation. After insertion of about 60 cm of the length of the colonoscope, the patient reported of pain in the lower abdomen on attempting to push the scope further. Examination of the abdomen at that time did not reveal any loop formation. However, we found that the …


Working with preadolescents is a constant challenge, in particular in the education field. The constant pressure of a society that becomes more technologized determines the experts to permanently review the information that is passed on to the pupils; to analyse the knowledges, abilities, skills that are developed during the learning process; to improve/ develop the methods, techniques, strategies used during the teaching act; to create and increase the class environments in order to become suitable for learning and personal development for all the pupils. The latest researches in psychology and in pedagogy (Ausubel, 1981, Neacsu, 2015) pointed the necessity of taking into consideration the classroom management, beyond the dynamic of the teaching process, as an educational and interpersonal environment with direct consequences both in learning efficiency and also in developing the pupils'personality. This paper tries to emphasise the role that self –safety (which is developed through the classroom management) has upon the attitudes towards the learning process at preadolescents, in particularly, at the Romanian preadolescents.


Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of norvancomycin. Methods: Forty five patients with diagnoses of meticillin resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) infections were randomly divided into norvancomycin group ( n =22) or vancomycin group ( n =23) to compare the therapeutic effectiveness and safety between the 2 groups. Results: The rates of clinical effectiveness of norvancomycin group and vancomycin group were 81.8% and 82.6% ( P 0.05), and the bacterial clearance rates of the 2 groups were 86.4% and 87% ( P 0.05), respectively. The incidences of side reaction of the 2 groups were 9.1% and 8.7% ( P 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: The clinical effectiveness, the bacterial clearance rate and the incidence of side reaction have no difference between vancomycin group and norvancomycin group.Norvancomycin is safe and effective for treating the patients with MRS infections. [


Data including structured file that encapsulates the data required by the execution environment in order to manage the execution code to be wrapped within a structured file is received, and is accessed. Thereafter, the code and data regions are repeatedly identified in a structured file. Such particular is analyzed such that at least one feature may be extracted from a structured file. Associated devices, systems, techniques and products are described.


The high dielectric constant of insulators currently investigated as alternatives to SiO2 in metal–oxide–semiconductor structures is due to their large ionic polarizability. This is usually accompanied by the presence of soft optical phonons. We show that the long-range dipole field associated with the interface excitations resulting from these modes and from their coupling with surface plasmons, while small in the case of SiO2, for most high-κ materials causes a reduction of the effective electron mobility in the inversion layer of the Si substrate. We study the dispersion of the interfacial coupled phonon-plasmon modes, their electron-scattering strength, and their effect on the electron mobility for Si-gate structures employing films of SiO2, Al2O3, AlN, ZrO2, HfO2, and ZrSiO4 for "SiO2-equivalent" thicknesses ranging from 5 to 0.5 nm.


This paper discusses an exploratory project where a group of university academics, software developers, designers and librarians spent a week analysing a broad selection of the Wellcome Library's digital collections with an aim to explore new ways of conducting collaborative digital history research, identifying and documenting barriers and successes and also pointing to gaps in institutional support infrastructures. Over the past two decades, significant quantities of cultural heritage have been digitised. Internet Archive has digitised over 20 million items in partnership with libraries and collections around the world. Google has digitised over 25 million books as Google Books. Alongside this the emergent field of digital humanities has sought to take advantage of new opportunities afforded by unprecedented access to collections. Numerous commentators and researchers have, in the words of Hayles (2015), voiced the opinion that "if there is an area of general agreement, it is the transformative potential of digital humanities for the humanities and for academic discourse" (see also Ogilvie, 2016; Alves, 2014). Wellcome Library, part of the Wellcome Trust, is one of the world's most significant collections relating to health and medicine, with works ranging from posters and paintings to personal archives, printed books and packaging ephemera. Through its digitisation programmes, Wellcome is a major producer of digitised historical material and datasets, with over 40,000 digitised archives, nearly 100,000 digitised monographs and over 10,000 artworks, manuscripts, videos and reports. These have been made freely available under the most liberal licence possible, dependent on the copyright status of the material. In addition, IIIF image services (IIIF Consortium) including standardised image and presentation APIs, along with services for OCR and text search are provided (Chaplin, 2016). A key aim for Wellcome is to enable new types of research and knowledge production; our mission is 'to improve health for everyone by helping great ideas to thrive' (Wellcome Trust, 2016). One way we seek to do this is through enabling the exploration of cultural and social meanings of health in the past. Digitisation has undoubtedly increased use of our collections significantly and developed a large international audience, with over 50% of researchers accessing content from outside the UK. To better understand the users and usage of our digital collections we have carried out quantitative and qualitative research in collaboration with Prof. Pauline Leonard (Green and Andersen 2016). Our findings showed that beyond increasing access, the nature of collection usage has not changed significantly. The majority of researchers still access works within a single collection, page through digitised works in a linear fashion, make limited use of OCR search and little to no use of APIs. We are not yet seeing Hayle's "transformative potential" (2015) realised. To better understand this, we developed a number of hypotheses and research questions, which we categorise here under four loose umbrellas:


The development of mitochondria‐targeting cell permeable vectors represents a promising therapeutic approach for several diseases, such as cancer and oxidative pathologies. Nevertheless, access to mitochondria can be difficult. A new hybrid material composed by poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) functionalized with a 6‐mer mitochondria penetrating peptide (MPP), consisting in alternating arginine and unnatural cyclohexylalanine, was developed. Circular dichroism, FT‐IR and DSC studies indicated that the conjugation of the peptide with the polymer led to the obtainment of a more rigid material with respect to both PLGA and MPP as such. In particular, a conformational rearrangement to a helical structure was observed for MPP. MPP–PLGA conjugates were used for the preparation of nanoparticles that showed no cytotoxicity in MTT assay, suggesting their putative use for future studies on mitochondria targeting. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Dear Reader, I am happy to tell you that as far as our selection trials are concerned, your performance has been laudable. Your conformity is flawless, your behavior exemplary, and your endurance index, on a national scale, is very high. Your dedication to critical inquiry and obscure French theory does not cease to amaze us. Ladies and gentlemen, bravo ! In the following you will be rewarded with a surprising piece of postmodern literature. We do not refer to Lydie Salvayre's novels (if indeed they are novels, or even postmodern), but to fragments of a report from the SBLI (the Special Bureau of Literary Investigations, European Department, French Division) one of the CIA's most secret branches. Thanks to a leaked report, we now know that certain French writers are under surveillance. (This should be good news for students of French Literature, trained as they are in hermeneutics, deconstruction, and French sibylline writers -they are well-positioned to join this special branch of the CIA, putting their talents to use for national security and for the protection of moral literature.)


It is shown using aluminum single crystals with kink bands like a plate through the depth that the nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains (RGs) on/in the surface precede those in the interior.


The recombination processes leading to tunneling afterglow and photostimulated luminescence were studied in systems based on ionic host crystals with low-dimensional structures (semiconductor quantum dots) formed as a result of the self-organized growth. The systems of AgBr nanocrystals embedded into the KBr crystal lattice and CsPbBr3 nanocrystals embedded into the CsBr crystal lattice were investigated. The energy of electron–hole recombination in matrices was shown to transfer to quantum dots. To identify the structure of recombining electron and hole centers, magnetic resonance detected optically by monitoring the tunneling afterglow was used.


This paper designs teaching courseware of digital image processing based on graphic user interface development environment and image processing toolbox of MATLAB.The courseware achieves image transform,image enhancement,image restoration,image compression methods.Practice shows that MATLAB is simple,easy to learn,teaching courseware is concrete and vivid,inspires student's learning interests,improves the teaching efficiency.


The realization method of pulsed electronic article surveillance system is provided. The transmitted signal model and the received signal model are set up. The important characters of the received signal are analyzed and the tag detection algorithm based on generalized likelihood ratio test is proposed. The simulation and the practical test prove the rightness and validity of the design and method.


Two direct applications of a collision-reaction cell based Multiple-Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (MC-ICPMS) for the resolution of isobaric interferences are presented. The first one is the determination of 90Sr/238U elemental ratio by double isotope dilution technique and the second one concerns the 133Cs/135Cs and 137Cs/135Cs isotope ratios measurements in spent nuclear fuel samples. The results obtained for both type of measurements using respectively O<inf>2</inf> and N<inf>2</inf>O as reaction gas for the in-situ Sr/Zr and Cs/Ba separation in the collision reaction cell of the instrument are compared to the classical "two-step" chemical purification results obtained with further Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) and MC-ICPMS measurements. Accuracy and reproducibility obtained on both 90Sr/238U elemental ratio and 133Cs/135Cs and 137Cs/135Cs isotope ratios measurements are found to be similar (<0.5% in all cases) between the two approaches, leading to the validation of the direct "in-cell" measurements. In addition to the obvious time gain associated with the reduction of chemical purification procedure, this approach allows to reduce the risk of natural contamination, the amount of analytical radioactive wastes, and the time contact of analysts with radioactive samples.


Abstract Background An unexpected high prevalence of enterococcal bloodstream infection (BSI) has been observed in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and methods The primary objective was to describe the characteristics of ICU-acquired enterococcal BSI in critically ill patients with COVID-19. A secondary objective was to exploratorily assess the predictors of 30-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients with ICU-acquired enterococcal BSI. Results During the study period, 223 patients with COVID-19 were admitted to COVID-19-dedicated ICUs in our centre. Overall, 51 episodes of enterococcal BSI, occurring in 43 patients, were registered. 29 (56.9%) and 22 (43.1%) BSI were caused by Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, respectively. The cumulative incidence of ICU-acquired enterococcal BSI was of 229 episodes per 1000 ICU admissions (95% mid-p confidence interval [CI] 172–298). Most patients received an empirical therapy with at least one agent showing in vitro activity against the blood isolate (38/43, 88%). The crude 30-day mortality was 42% (18/43) and 57% (4/7) in the entire series and in patients with vancomycin-resistant E. faecium BSI, respectively. The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score showed an independent association with increased mortality (odds ratio 1.32 per one-point increase, with 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.66, p = .021). Conclusions The cumulative incidence of enterococcal BSI is high in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Our results suggest a crucial role of the severity of the acute clinical conditions, to which both the underlying viral pneumonia and the enterococcal BSI may contribute, in majorly influencing the outcome. KEY MESSAGES The cumulative incidence of enterococcal BSI is high in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The crude 30-day mortality of enterococcal BSI in critically ill patients with COVID-19 may be higher than 40%. There could be a crucial role of the severity of the acute clinical conditions, to which both the underlying viral pneumonia and the enterococcal BSI may contribute, in majorly influencing the outcome.


The color Doppler ultrasound twinkling artifact, a rapid color change that highlights kidney stones, was recently attributed to surface crevice microbubbles on ex vivo stones because twinkling was affected by changes in hydrostatic pressure. However, it was unclear whether crevice bubbles existed on in situ human kidney stones, and, if so, how smooth-surfaced stones could harbor the crevice bubbles that give rise to twinkling. Here, 8 human subjects with known kidney stones were exposed to 4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) while breathing air inside a hyperbaric chamber; twinkling was monitored and quantified with a research ultrasound system. At 3 and 4 ATA, twinkling was significantly reduced by an average of 35% and 39%, respectively (p = 0.04). Then, ex vivo kidney stones that twinkled were exposed to micro-computed tomography (μCT) and hypobaric pressures while submerged in water. Regions of low x-ray attenuation within the stone (i.e., microcracks) at 1 ATA expanded when the pressure was reduced to 0.1 ATA. These results support the theory that microbubbles are present on kidney stones in the human body and that microbubbles may be internal as well as external to the kidney stone. [Work supported by NSBRI through NASA NCC 9-58 and NIH DK043881.]The color Doppler ultrasound twinkling artifact, a rapid color change that highlights kidney stones, was recently attributed to surface crevice microbubbles on ex vivo stones because twinkling was affected by changes in hydrostatic pressure. However, it was unclear whether crevice bubbles existed on in situ human kidney stones, and, if so, how smooth-surfaced stones could harbor the crevice bubbles that give rise to twinkling. Here, 8 human subjects with known kidney stones were exposed to 4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) while breathing air inside a hyperbaric chamber; twinkling was monitored and quantified with a research ultrasound system. At 3 and 4 ATA, twinkling was significantly reduced by an average of 35% and 39%, respectively (p = 0.04). Then, ex vivo kidney stones that twinkled were exposed to micro-computed tomography (μCT) and hypobaric pressures while submerged in water. Regions of low x-ray attenuation within the stone (i.e., microcracks) at 1 ATA expanded when the pressure was reduced to 0.1 A...


The revegetation of different stormwater management structures used for retention, infiltration, filtration or evapotranspiration purposes provides not only a greener and more pleasant environment, but also provides an opportunity for developing the ecosystem of a given territory. The interconnection of these facilities develops a network of natural ecosystems and, in turn, this network provides opportunities for greater sustainability within each of its component areas. A stormwater management structure can, and should be, planted but it can also be naturalized. Considering that wetlands are among the most productive natural ecosystems, it is possible to create anthropogenic wetlands with the function of regulating stormwater flow and supporting life, while also contributing to the quality of life of its residents. Gewurz-Remer Park, in Montreal, is a series of wetlands comprised of retention ponds and filtering wetlands that first recuperate and filter the rainwater from the buildings and adjacent areas. This water then feeds an ecosystem, composed of several different wildlife habitats, and the excess water is returned to the river. What further distinguishes the park is that it was designed to integrate within the urban landscape and to offer a stylish and impressive decor. The project has raised some debates: will wildlife colonize a naturalized architectural space, or will it be content only with organic natural environments?


One barrier to developing resilience-enhancing interventions for dementia care partners is a lack of an objective measure to capture resilience-related behaviors. To validate a behavioral framework of resilience in dementia care partners for future measure and intervention, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 26 care partners who experienced challenges created by a health crisis of their care recipients. We used abductive thematic analysis to identify 14 resilience-related behaviors care partners adopted to recover from care challenges. These behaviors included four problem-response behaviors, three help-related behaviors, three self-growth behaviors, two compassion-related behaviors, and two learning-related behaviors. Twelve care partners reported full recovery from the effects of their challenging experiences. Ten care partners reported partial recovery in the face of PLWD's declining health and their own unmet needs, and four care partners felt not at all recovered. This finding suggests new intervention targets for enhancing care partner resilience.


MEMS technology (MicroElectroMechanical-System) has been successfully employed since a few decades in the sensors/actuators field. Several products available on the market nowadays include MEMS-based accelerometers and gyroscopes, pressure sensors and micro-mirrors matrices. Beside such well-established exploitation of MEMS technology, its use within RF (Radio Frequency) blocks and systems/sub-systems has been attracting, in recent years, the interest of the Scientific Community for the significant RF performances boosting that MEMS devices can enable. Several significant demonstrators of entirely MEMS-based lumped components, like variable capacitors (Hyung et al., 2008), inductors (Zine-El-Abidine et al., 2003) and micro-switches (Goldsmith et al., 1998), are reported in literature, exhibiting remarkable performance in terms of large tuning-range, very high Q-Factor and low-loss, if compared with the currently used components implemented in standard semiconductor technology (Etxeberria & Gracia, 2007, Rebeiz & Muldavin, 1999). Starting from the just mentioned basic lumped components, it is possible to synthesize entire functional sub-blocks for RF applications in MEMS technology. Also in this case, highly significant demonstrators are reported and discussed in literature concerning, for example, tuneable phase shifters (Topalli et al., 2008), switching matrices (Daneshmand & Mansour, 2007), reconfigurable impedance matching networks (Larcher et al., 2009) and power attenuators (Iannacci et al., 2009, a). In all the just listed cases, the good characteristics of RF-MEMS devices lead, on one side, to very highperformance networks and, on the other hand, to enabling a large reconfigurability of the entire RF/Microwave systems employing MEMS sub-blocks. In particular, the latter feature addresses two important points, namely, the reduction of hardware redundancy, being for instance the same Power Amplifier within a mobile phone suitable both in transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx) (De Los Santos, 2002), and the usability of the same RF apparatus in compliance with different communication standards (like GSM, UMTS, WLAN and so on) (Varadan, 2003). Beside the exploitation of MEMS technology within RF transceivers, other potentially successful uses of Microsystems are in the Microwave field, concerning, e.g., very compact switching units, especially appealing to satellite applications for the very reduced weight (Chung et al., 2007), and phase shifters in order to electronically steer short 15


Introduction: Supportive supervision of the Community health workers (CHWs) are critical for their efficient functioning in various health programs. CHWs in India are supervised by facilitators known as ASHA Sahyogini. Our study aimed at investigating the linkage between knowledge and skills of CHW facilitators and their CHWs. To understand the problems encountered by the CHW facilitators while assisting their CHWs. Also, to determine the perceptions of CHWs on nature of supportive supervision of their facilitators. Methods: A mixed method explanatory study using purposive sampling was conducted in a rural block of Madhya Pradesh (Central India). The CHWs were categorised into relatively high performing (RHP) and relatively low performing (RLP) groups based on their performance-based incentives received during 2017-2018. Quantitative component comprised of self-administered questionnaire and skill assessment while the qualitative component comprised of three focussed group discussion with RHP, RLP CHWs and their facilitators. Results: The mean (SD) supportive supervision score given by CHW facilitators were found to be significantly associated with CHWs performance. Problems faced by CHW facilitators while assisting their CHWs resulted from inadequate education of CHWs, insufficient incentives, transport problems and repetitive surveys. While some CHWs perceived to have received good assistance from their facilitators, there were a few who were not dependant on their facilitators and executed duties by self. Conclusion: CHWs performance cannot be ascribed completely to the CHW facilitators performance. The challenges perceived by CHW facilitators were unmodifiable and requires them to strongly motivate and support their CHWs in order to improve their functionality. Keywords: Community Health worker; Performance, work ; Motivation.


The internalization of genetic materials, molecules or tracer particles in cells aims at understanding the intracellular mechanisms or can be considered for new therapies. The sonoporation is more and more used for such objective. The goal of this work is to assess the transfection potential of an ultrasonic device which combined 2 focused transducers (1.1MHz; Diameter and radius of curvature: 50mm) placed confocally. In this study in-vitro transfection tests were first carried out. 2ml tubes (Eppendorf) containing 0.5ml of cellular medium (follicular lymphoma RL; RPMI1640+10%SVF; 2x106cells/ml) and 45µl/ml of siRNA (20nMol; Qiagen; Allstar Neg Control) were placed at the device focal point. Transfection and mortality rates were evaluated according to the duration of irradiation (8s to 60s), the pulse repetition rate (≤500Hz) and the duty cycle (0.12 to 1%) for the peak intensity Isppa=10.8kW/cm2. Maximal transfection rates of 60% associated with very low mortality (<5%) were measured. Preliminary tests of tumor transfection (RL; Volume~1cm3) implanted subcutaneously in mouse CB17-SCID were performed. SiRNA (7.5 µg/ml) were injected into the tumor before ultrasonic irradiation (PRF=250Hz; DC=1%; Scanning rate 1mm/s; Isppa=10.8kW/cm2). The transfection rate was determined by flow cytometry after tumor removal and fragmentation. In-vivo transfection rate reached 16% of the studied samples.


Development using a curriculum process Cumculum process is a method of developing quality education programs and has proven useful in the development of a conceptual framework for the practice of rehabilitation nursing. Professional growth is dependent upon a commitment to lifelong learning and also on the availability of learning opportunities. A conceptual framework can provide direction to this learning process for the rehabilitation nurse engaged in clinical practice. One conceptual framework for rehabilitation nursing practice has been developed at Miami Valley Hospital (MVH), a 772-bed not-for-profit acute care facility with a 33-bed in-house rehabilitation unit. MVH offers the professional nurse primary nursing and a unique clinical ladder that is comprised of four levels. The level IV primary nurse (PN IV) is a clinical specialist having expertise in nursing theory and responsibilities both within the hospital and the community. A level I11 primary nurse (PN 111) is a unitbased educator whose focus is the professional development of the nursing staff. Level I1 is designated for primary nurses that have demonstrated excellence in clinical practice and, therefore, serve as unit-based resources in that area of expertise. A level I primary nurse is a general practitioner whose focus is direct patient care. Management is provided those nurses by the clinical nursing coordinator (CNC). The focus of the CNC is the application of appropriate management concepts and theories to ensure provision of quality patient care by all primary nurses. The CNC and primary nurses on each level work together to advance professional nursing practice within the institution. The following long-range goals were identified by the CNC, PN 111, and PN IV to ensure advancement of practice of rehabilitation nursing. The goals were to develop: m The practice of rehabilitation nursing. rn A frame of reference to delineate the role responsibilities of the various levels of primary nursing comprising the clinical ladder. Cathy Young, RN, MSN Debbie Saelinger, RN, BSN Pam Moore, BSN


The utility model relates to medical treatment and sanitation device, in particular to a novel urine drainage device used for drainage of urine. The novel urine drainage device comprises a drainage tube, a urine collecting bag and a sampling bag, the drainage tube is in a reversed Y shape and provided with an input end and two output ends, the drainage tube is provided with saccules, the input end and the output ends of the drainage tube are all connected with connectors, one output end of the drainage tube is connected with the urine collecting bag, the other output end of the drainage tube is connected with the sampling bag, and the two output ends of the drainage tube are both provided with rubbing wheel switches. The novel urine drainage device is simple in structure and can sample and detect the urines of a patient at any time, and nursing care of medical personnel is convenient so that work efficiency is improved and certain beneficial effects are produced.


Different questions related to the manufacturing of glazed pottery in Taurica during the Jochid state and the Genoese colonization are in the sphere of scientists' interests for more than a century. Significant increase of the archeological collections in the last decades of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century, together with the more progressive approaches to the analysis of large volumes of ceramics, and the using of archeometrical methods, allow to reach a new level of study in this field.
Now on the territory of the Crimea are known at least 10 pottery workshops, which have appeared at different times in the period from the last quarter of the 13th (not earlier than the end of the 1260s) to the first quarter of the 15th century and 6 site with single evidence of such manufacturing. 9 workshops were located in five medieval town of the peninsula: 2 — in Kaffa (Theodosia), 2 — in Soldaya (Sudak), at least 2 — in Solhat (Staryi Krym), one in Lusta (Alushta) and in Chambalo (Balaklava). Two more workshops (the earliest ones among known) were found at the settlement of the potters Bokatash II in Solkhat vicinity. Visual, and in some cases archeometrical characteristics of their products were determined. So it became possible to estimate the volumes of the glazed pottery manufacturing of various regions of the peninsula (South-Eastern and South-Western Crimea), as well as the individual workshops, in particular in Alushta, Balaklava and Bokatash. In addition, it allowed to determine the geography, volume and dynamics of the trade by glazed pottery from Crimea. The last one began to form an appreciable part of the ceramic assemblages outside the peninsula from around the 1320s.
At the beginning of the glazed ceramics production in Taurica the distinction in cultural traditions among the workshops were well visible. Some of them presumably may indicate the origin of the craftsmen from the territory of Anatolia, Transcaucasia, the Eastern Mediterranean, the Balkans, and possibly Central Asia, and may be even Italy. Subsequently, around the last third of the 14th century, this individuality is gradually replaced by standardization of production. The leader in this craft became the Genoese trading posts, headed by Caffa.


Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) shows promising applications have now gained significant importance in research as well as in practice, due to their autonomous and self-maintaining nature. From a security design perspective, MANETs have no clear line of defense, i.e. no built-in security. Thus, the wireless channel is accessible to both legitimate network users and malicious attackers. Security is one of the most important issues in current networks. The most common cases of attacks in mobile Ad hoc networks can be drop of routing packages and changes in the incoming packet which aims at disrupting the network routing and overall network reduce performance. We present a AOMDV-IDS protocol for detecting a avoiding the malicious node in MANET.


Afghanistan in Ink uses a vast and largely unknown corpus of twentieth-century Afghan Dari and Pashto literature to show how Afghans have conceived of their modern history and how writers' patronage or exile has dominated the contours of that history. Drawing on an abundance of Afghan-language sources, chapters by international experts reveal a disruptive twentieth-century dynamic, in which literary globalization has caused the destabilization of the state by importing multiple, conflicting ideologies. Afghanistan in Ink situates the twentieth century's itinerant and exiled Afghan writers within their transnational contexts and maps Afghan artistic and ideological interactions with Muslim and Western nations. The volume emphasizes the social and political dimensions of this literature and, through its extensive introduction, provides both specialists and nonspecialists with unique, "inside" perspectives on the religious, political, and cultural debates shaping modern Afghan society.


1. The Mediaeval Heritage of Shakespearean Drama 2. Reformation and Renaissance 3. Stages and Stage Directions 4. Studies in Shakespeare


We discuss advancements in modeling core-collapse supernovae with our code CHIMERA. We describe the status and details of our tracer particle method and its uses for post-processing nucleosynthesis and as a tool for broad core-collapse supernova (CCSN) model analyses. We also introduce our progress towards expanding a nuclear reaction network beyond the alphanetwork for the purpose of accurate in-situ nucleosynthesis, not only for core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in general, but for a special sub-class of supernovae called electron capture supernovae (ECSNe), which stem from progenitors stars between 8 and 10 M⊙. By using an advanced nuclear reaction network, our 2D and 3D code will allow for unparalleled studies of CCSNe and ECSNe ejecta.


Decay of Xe/sup 133/ is studied in detail using scintillation beta - spectrometric techniques. The 81.0, 160.5, 302, and 382 kev gamma transitions in Cs/sup 133/ are detected in the gamma spectrum and their intensity ratios determined to be 1, 1.09 x 10/sup -3/ 1.23 x 10/sup -4/, and 6.2 x 10/sup -5/. In addition the 79.6-kev transition from the second excited level of Cs/sup 133/ is observed in the internal conversion spectrum, as well as in the gamma - coincidence spectrum, and the total branching ratio to this level is determined. The K/L/sub I/L/sub II//L/sub III//M/N conversion ratios of the 8l.0-kev transition are determined. The K conversion coefficient of this transition is remeasured and found to be 1.39 plus or minus 0.06. The half life of Xe/sup 133m/ is determined to be 54.24 plus or minus 0.40 hours. The decay scheme of Xe/sup 133/ is discussed. Nuclear structure effects on the conversion of the M1 lforbidden 81-kev transition are considered according to the theory of Church and Weneser. The KLL, KLX and KXY Auger spectra of Cs are studied and the results are compared to the theory of Asaad and Burhop. A brief discussion of the post- acceleration techniquemore » used for the detection of low energy electrons is given in an appendix in connection with the measured L Auger spectrum. (auth)« less


Objective: To learn about the disagreements among geriatricians from a Latin American country (Peru) as to the palliative therapy for dementia. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study. The population consisted of Peruvian geriatricians and geriatrics residents surveyed during August 2019. A non-probability convenience sampling was used. Considering a total population of 277 geriatricians in Peru and a design effect of 1.0, the minimum sample size was 162 geriatricians. The survey included different questions focused on geriatricians' decisions on the daily clinical practice of terminal care in dementia. To ensure a better understanding of the answers, a typical case of the disease was presented. Results: One hundred sixty-two (162) doctors were surveyed, most of whom were geriatricians (81.48 %). Regarding the global level of attitudes and knowledge of palliative care, 89.61 % considered dementia as a non-oncological terminal illness, and 69.18 % considered laboratory sample collection, peripheral intravenous line insertion, urinary catheterization and nasogastric tube insertion as invasive measures. Conclusions: The survey showed a moderate level in attitudes and knowledge of palliative care. The weakest points were the practical perspective and suitability in decision-making. Therefore, training programs aimed at making adequate prognoses and improving decision-making of physicians involved in the care and support of older adults with late-stage dementia should be conducted to avoid implementing measures that will not generate a positive impact to and will harm the patient's quality of life.


he literature around the definitions, impacts and extent of loneliness in elderly people, especially those who are over 80 years of age, indicates that although the church has not traditionally identified loneliness as a mission field, it is serious, pervasive and calls out for response. In pastoral visits and in-office meetings with elderly parishioners, and especially with those who are over 80 years of age, many of those visited have indicated that they feel isolated and alone, and that the social interaction they once knew is no longer available to them.


According to core data,well logging data,a comprehensive analysis of geophysical data, the Silurian of Southwest Tahe Area is divided in tidal flat facies and neritic shelf facies,it is further divided into four precipitation facies such as high tidal flat(mud flat),middle tidal flat(mixed flat), low tidal flat(sand flat)and the tidal channel.Its lithology is mainly interbedded sand and mud, sandstone mainly includes sand,silt and clay silt,argillaceous fraction mostly shows banded sediment,sedimentary structure are mainly ripple lamination,rhythmic stratification,rich bioturbation structure and flame structure can be seen due to compaction.By Silurian palaeo-geomorphology control,high parts of the Tarim Basin palaeo-geomorphology repeatedly develop tidal flat facies,beside the middle member of Kepingtage Formation develops neritic terrigenous sedimentation,the lowside member of Kepingtage Formation mainly develops strand deposit,the upside member of Kepingtage Formation develops subtidal deposit,the lowside member of Tataaiertage Formation mainly develops strand deposit and the upside develops subtidal deposit.


Let $\mathcal{G}_{n,p,q}$ denote the set of strongly connected bipartite digraphs on $n$ vertices which contain a complete bipartite subdigraph $\overleftrightarrow{K_{p,q}}$, where $p, q, n$ are positive integers and $p+q \leq n$. In this paper, we study the Q-index (i.e. the signless Laplacian spectral radius) of $\mathcal{G}_{n,p,q}$, and determine the extremal digraph that has the minimum Q-index.


Films of Cd x Pb 1 - x S supersaturated substitutional solid solution (ss) were prepared hydrochemically at 353 K from citrate-ammoniac batches that contained various cadmium salts (CdSO 4 , Cd(NO 3 ) 2 , Cd(CH 3 COO) 2 , CdCl 2 , CdBr 2 , CdI 2 ). The anionic component of the cadmium salt was found to affect the solid-solution composition. In the order of the decreasing CdS concentrations in the solid solution, the cadmium salts are arranged as follows: CdSO 4 → Cd(NO 3 ) 2 → Cd(CH 3 COO) 2 → CdCl 2 → CdBr 2 → CdI 2 . The structure, chemical and phase compositions, morphology, and spectroscopic parameters of the films were studied. A mechanism was advanced to interpret the effect of the cadmium salt anion on the solid-solution formation.


Multi-year demonstrations were established at the University of Missouri Bradford Research Center near Columbia, Mo., to determine the benefits of establishing native grasses, forbs and legumes as an alternative crop for producing economical biomass and quality forage for livestock and for enhancing wildlife habitats. Having crop production systems suited to multiple uses is crucial to success in evolving markets and to satisfying increasing demand for Missouri agricultural products. One of the main objectives of the case study was to determine whether these mixtures could produce, or yield, as much biomass and livestock forage as monoculture, or single species, stands of native grasses in Missouri, as well as to evaluate these mixtures' comparative quality. This guide is a companion to MU Extension publications G9422, Integrating Practices That Benefit Wildlife With Crops Grown for Biomass in Missouri, and G9423, Mixtures of Native Warm-Season Grasses, Forbs and Legumes for Biomass, Forage and Wildlife Habitat, which outlines the benefits of using these mixtures of native warm-season forages and provides information to help landowners make informed decisions on enhancing wildlife habitats while producing crops for biomass. Establishment and management practices, as well as yield results, are presented as a case study in this guide so that others can implement similar practices on their property. Research conducted at the University of Minnesota revealed that mixed stands of native warm-season grasses, forbs and legumes can produce biomass and, thus, potential greater forage yields at levels equal to or greater than monocultures of native grasses. Mixed stands have been referred to as low-input, high-diversity (LIHD) systems. Monocultures of grasses, which have higher soil fertility requirements, have been referred to as high-input, lowdiversity (HILD) systems. LIHD systems use legumes as a source of nitrogen, whereas HILD systems tend to rely on commercial nitrogen fertilizers to produce biomass yields. To study the benefits of using native warm-season forage mixtures in Missouri, researchers established demonstrations at the MU Bradford Research Center near Columbia, Mo. These demonstrations were established to evaluate the potential for different mixes of native grasses, legumes and forbs (LIHD systems) to provide economical biomass production, provide quality forage for livestock and enhance habitats for wildlife and pollinators (Figure 1). They were compared against a monoculture of switchgrass and a mix of switchgrass and big bluestem (HILD system). Native warm-season grasses tend to be high in fiber and low in protein compared with forbs and legumes. Mixing forbs and legumes with these grasses, such as in an LIHD system, can improve forage quality for livestock and food value for wildlife. However, it can be challenging to finetune the ideal ratio of native warm-season grasses, forbs and legumes to meet the needs of biomass production, livestock and wildlife.


The sensitivity of magneto-optic Kerr measurements of nanomagnetic structures is significantly improved using cavity enhancement to increase the Kerr signal by depositing dielectric layers on the magnetic surface under study. We discuss different strategies to optimize the use of cavity enhancement for observation of nanomagnets. We show that maximization of the Kerr rotation from magnetic structures results in higher sensitivity for magnetic films, but does not yield the highest sensitivity for nanomagnets. Instead, the use of an anti-reflection coating on the substrate surrounding the magnet in conjunction with index optimization of the enhancement layer can increase the Kerr signal by more than two orders of magnitude in the deep nanometer range, and enables detection of individual nanomagnets using conventional far-field Kerr microscopy.


Abstract In this paper, the influence of T6, T74 and RRA aging treatments on microstructure, strength and corrosion behaviour of high Zn content Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy was investigated by tensile properties tests, inter-granular corrosion (IGC) tests, exfoliation corrosion (EXCO) tests, polarisation tests, metallographic microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The results show that the T74 and RRA temper can increase the size and the distribution discontinuity of the grain boundaries precipitates (GBPs), thus leading to improvement of the corrosion resistance. However, with the coarser matrix precipitates (MPs) relative to T6 treatment, RRA and T74 temper both have a decrease in strength. Besides, all the performances (including mechanical properties and corrosion properties) of the RRA treatment show an intermediate level relative to T6 and T74. Therefore, we can select the appropriate heat treatment process according to the different performance requirements in the industrial production.


Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the world. As many as 80% of total stroke cases are ischemic strokes.1 Ischemic stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted due to occlusion that can be caused by thrombus or embolism or both.2 The hypoperfusion will be altered the function of the brain, resulting in neurological deficits and disability.13 This phenomenon causes limitations in patients to perform necessary activities of daily living (ADL).4 The stroke patients experience changes in living their lives, such as changes in daily activities, social relationships, communication, and psychological conditions, both inpatients and in their families.4,5 These aspects are an indicator that shows an alteration in the quality of life of stroke patients.35


The report of this 10-day study visit contains papers on Zimbabwe's extension services, particularly AGRITEX, and on extension in 14 other African countries. The participants recommended establishing an African network for the exchange of information on agricultural extension.


The invention discloses wool-polyester widthwise elastic fabric. Warp density is 30-37 warps/cm, weft density is 16-23 wefts/cm, gram weight is 86-99g/m , warp tightness is 23-29, and weft tightness is 43-51. The wool-polyester widthwise elastic fabric is reasonable in structure, comfortable to use and capable of meeting special consumption needs.


Introduction: Hypocalcemia in preterm infants could occurs as early or late. Causes of late onset of hypocalcaemia: maternal vitamin D deficiency, metabolic syndromes, congenital abnormalities, iatrogenic (transfusion, bicarbonate therapy, phototherapy, antibiotics). Case report: The authors describe the occurrence of late hypocalcemia following transfusion of erythrocytes to the second newborn from a twin pregnancy born prematurely in the 32/33 week of gestation. Mother is diabetic and has hypertension, edema, hypothyroidism, and preeclampsia during pregnancy. Due to the detected pyelectasis in newborn, prophylactic use of cephalexin was introduced. At the end of the first month of life, anemia appear indicating a transfusion. The infant received 50 ml an O+ leukodepleted RBC transfusion. Immediately after transfusion was completed, there is a short-term deterioration of the general condition. Cyanosis, stiffness, trismus, and bradycardia appear within a few seconds. DAT was negative, bilirubin in the reference range. After transfusion, laboratory, echosonographic examination, neurological examination, EEG and ECG showed normal results. It was concluded that the adverse reaction was probably caused by transfusion. Conclusion: In preterm infants, hypocalcaemia may occur during transfusion due to citrate overload. Children of diabetic mothers, on antibiotic and photo therapy are at higher risk of developing hypocalcemia. Future studies should evaluate incidence rate of adverse transfusion reactions in newborns.


Abstract Three stages, Payntonian, Datsonian and Warendian in ascending order, are proposed for sequences of trilobite and conodont faunas occurring about the Cambrian‐Ordovician boundary in the Burke River Structural Belt, western Queensland. They are defined with reference to the base of a measured section at Black Mountain, 59 miles (95 km) northeast of Boulia. The base of the Payntonian Stage is marked by the incoming of tsinaniid and saukiid trilobite faunas; that of the Datsonian by incoming conodonts of the Cordylodus proavus Assemblage‐Zone, together with leiostegiid trilobites; and that of the Warendian by conodonts of the C. prion‐Scolopodus Assemblage‐Zone, with rare asaphid and dikelokephalinid trilobites. The top of the Warendian is marked by strata containing multicostate scolopodids. All three stages are recognized in Cambrian and Ordovician sequences extensively exposed in northern and central Australia, and evidence is cited for their recognition elsewhere. Payntonian is compared to the A...


This paper investigates the possibility of identifying and monitoring the modal shapes of a turbine blade by means of continuous optical fiber sensors based on Optical Backscatter Reflectometry (OBR). The advantage of this approach would be the possibility of embedding the sensors in future carbon fiber blades, in order to make this modal analysis approach available also for the blade operating conditions, since no modifications in the blade fluid-structure interaction occur. The paper describes the proposed method and provides some experimental results obtained on a 3D printed model of an existing steam turbine blade.


This policy review focuses on the Dutch strategy to combat homelessness. In the first years of this century, a sense of urgency with regard to combatting homelessness was growing. This resulted, in 2006, in an action plan created by the four large cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague and Utrecht) in conjunction with the national government and based on an ambitious vision in which a structural approach to ameliorate the situation of homeless people was combined with a more hidden paternalistic approach, which involved cleaning the streets and curbing public nuisance. The action plan 2006-2013 consists of two phases, with the action plan becoming a national action plan in 2008 when the other 39 smaller cities were encouraged to develop their own regional action plans. At present, the implementation of the second phase is evolving, but a growing gap between the discourse and the actual implementation can be observed. This paper starts with a short introduction into the Dutch welfare state and the specific position of the services for the homeless. Next, the paper describes the two plans and reviews the results. The last part of the paper focuses on the current austerity measures and the restricted rules concerning the 'regional bonds of the homeless', which, possibly, temper the results gained during the first phase of the action plan.


The Euro crisis brought to the fore a larger and hitherto invisible structural problem as to the relationship between the European Union's centre and its periphery. I am arguing that the concerns of the peripheral EU countries, of their workers and companies are difficult to argue in the existing ideology and that this contributes to the reproduction of the existing hierarchies in the EU. The ideology of the EU legal profession is one of the centre of the EU, and this importantly determines how harm is understood in EU law and which doctrines are present in legal thinking. For example, there is a presence of social dumping, but an absence of goods dumping in the EU legal vernacular. I argue that the centre‐periphery relationship is structured by legal entitlements, that the overtly political discourse of left and right is analytically insufficient and explain the phenomenon of conceptualism of contemporary legal thought.


8 p. transcript of an interview with George First Rider conducted by John Hellson on July 15, 1969. Tape number IH-AA.097, transcript disc 57.


Cocoa is an important agricultural export commodity not only because it provided about 20 per cent of the aggregate export earnings for Nigeria in the last decade but because it has generated considerable revenue for the government in terms of export duty, produce sales tax, and Marketing Board surpluses. In particular, the economy of Western Nigeria has been largely financed by the proceeds from the cocoa industry. A look at the production statistics of the cocoa industry will reveal a declining trend in output since the 1964/65 crop season. The problem of declining yield is linked with the fact that about 40 per cent of the existing 1.2 million acres of cocoa are classified as marginally productive due to old age. The production problem is aggravated by the fact that most of the farmers whose cocoa trees have become moribund do not appreciate the need for replanting, and those who do indicate that they have not been encouraged by the prevailing producer prices. On the official side, the producer prices have been defended as fair and equitable and the assertion made that what is lacking is a good response on the part of the farmers who should replant their cocoa groves and upgrade their maintenance program. The raging controversy over cocoa supply response provided the stimulus to carry out this study.


The problem of staphylococcic endocarditis has recently been reviewed by Dowling and his associates 1 ; the reader is referred to his review for a complete bibliography. The following case illustrates the value of bacteriological control in therapy. To our knowledge this is the first report of successful use of neomycin in staphylococcic endocarditis, although Kenoyer 2 reported its use in endocarditis resulting from Pseudomonas. REPORT OF A CASE A 24-year-old white housewife was admitted to the Good Samaritan hospital in April, 1952, in a semicomatose state. She had been in good health during an uneventful pregnancy until two weeks prior to admission, when cough and fever developed. She was hospitalized elsewhere and was given penicillin and streptomycin. Because the cough, fever, and dyspnea rapidly became worse, she was given successively aureomycin, chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin), oxytetracycline (Terramycin), and p-aminosalicylic acid without improvement. One week after the onset of her illness, she delivered


Abstract. Recent studies have drawn special attention to the significant dependencies between flood drivers and the occurrence of compound flood events in coastal areas. This study investigates compound flooding from tides, river discharge (Q) and specifically waves using a hydrodynamic model at Breede Estuary, South Africa. We quantify vertical and horizontal differences in flood characteristics caused by driver interaction, and assess the contribution of waves. Therefore, we compare flood characteristics resulting from compound flood scenarios to those in which single drivers are omitted. We find that flood characteristics are more sensitive to Q than to waves, particularly when the latter only coincide with high spring tides. When interacting with Q, however, the contribution of waves is high, causing 10–12 % larger flood extents and 45–85 cm higher water depths, as waves caused backwater effects and raised water levels inside the lower reaches of the estuary. With higher wave intensity, the first flooding began up to 12 hours earlier. Our findings provide insights on compound flooding in terms of flood magnitude and timing at a South African estuary and demonstrate the need to account for the effects of compound events, including waves, in future flood impact assessments of open South African estuaries.


Habitats of Swedish conservation interests are in general small and fragmented following the extensive and intensive forest management history. This study covering 71 000 ha of boreal Sweden invest ...


Author(s): Carter, Mitzi | Advisor(s): Graburn, Nelson | Abstract: What happens when concepts of "security" that circulate at a more global level consolidate around concepts of race, gender, or other factors at the local level in Okinawa and how and what precipitates the fragmentation of those consolidated imaginaries for US Americans in Okinawa? With the ever increasing consolidation of joint US-Japanese military power in Okinawa and the attempts to secure the narratives to frame "sacrifice" and "global security," how do those people most vulnerable to these discursive claims — specifically women, children, mixed race Okinawans, and military personnel of color, and economically insecure military personnel — find ways to maneuver from these interpellations? And more importantly, how do they shift the discourse that thrives on postcolonial states of exception?This research project focuses on how people craft themselves as globally flexible in these local "in-between" militarized sites to restructure their own resistance and modes of knowledge-making against what sometimes seems to be insurmountable militarized conditions. This project explores how these flexibilities are shaped, 1) spatially at the interstices of binaries marked as on/off base spaces, 2) in circulating discursive maneuvering by long-term expatriates and military personnel living in Okinawa, 3) by mixed race Okinawans and Black soldiers whose histories are indelibly marked within Okinawan spaces of coloniality, and 4) by artists and performers attempting to shape concepts of friendship, flow and hybridity with alternative discourses, all of which are strongly linked to the maintenance of security imaginaries on the island. I argue that life situated within Okinawan partial sovereignty, is always affected by the rubric of national security that attempts to bridge the temporal gap between WWII and the more ambiguous, global "war on terror." Therefore, alternative trajectories for pushing past the cultural logics that deem Okinawans as simply stuck "in the middle" of a geopolitical situation require savvy interlocutors who can flexibly and delicately dodge the disciplining effects of state power and transnational security imaginaries. I argue these actors rewrite cultural codes of "flow" and commercialized hybridity that weave together perspectives of the insecurely rooted, the routinely racialized via security talk, and the globally and locally dislocated subjects in uneven spaces of privilege at the Okinawan fencelines.


The real-time signal acquisition,a sending and displaying system based on TMS320VC5416 DSP and TLV320AIC10 A/D,D/A chip is introduced.Low pass,high pass and band-pass IIR filters are simulated in MATLAB.A variety of control functions and spectrum simulation in CCS programmed by C language and assembly language are accomplished.The key design techniques of filter algorithm and sampling frequency are analyzed.The system has been successfully applied to the detection of underground pipeline leakage,and has achieved good results.Testing on-the-spot and simulation analysis show that the real-time,stability and anti-jamming capabilities of the system meet the design requirement.


The analysis of the literature data has showed that there is no information on the behavior in 5(4H)-oxazolones with amines under the conditions of a sealed vessel reactor, which makes it possible to obtain heterocyclic systems with different amines. We have developed and presented an easy, fast, reliable and innovative method for the preparation of a new series of compounds with synthetic and biological potential, based on the interaction of 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolone and heterocyclic amines with different ring sizes and sets heteroatoms using a sealed vessel reactor. Based on the results obtained, it has been found that the transformation proceeds by the mechanism of nucleophilic addition of Michael. The scheme of the conducted interaction has been discussed. Initially, the amino group of the amine used is attacked at the exocyclic C=C bond of the initial substrate, ethoxymethylenexazolone, proceeding with the elimination of a well-leaving ethoxy group in the form of an ethanol molecule, which leads to the final 4-hetarylaminomethylidene derivatives of oxazol-5(4H)-one. In the course of the work, it has been found that the use of a sealed vessel reactor makes it possible to reduce the time of transformations, to achieve an increase in selectivity and yields of target products compared to the usual type of activation of the reaction mixture, such as boiling in ethanol. It has been shown that not only the type of activation, but also the nature of the solvent used affects the rate of the reaction. It has been found that under these conditions the transfor mation proceeds with the preservation of the oxazol-5(4Н)-one ring. Control over the course of reactions, determination of individuality and identification of the obtained compounds have been carried out by TLC, elemental analysis, IR-, NMR spectroscopy.


The invention relates to a splice type integral module of a volume-variable matrix container for collecting and treating rain/sewage. The splice type integral module comprises a base plate, wherein a plurality of support columns are distributed on the base plate and fixedly integrated with the base plate, the support columns are of cone-shaped hollow bottom-free structures, positioning grooves and permeable holes are arranged on the surfaces of the support columns; and connection tenons and tenon openings are respectively arranged on two lateral sides of the base plate, and positioning ribs matched with the positioning grooves on the surfaces of the support columns are arranged on the back surface of the base plate. The splice type integral module is reasonable in structure, convenient to install, low in manufacture cost, convenient to transport, low in self weight and high in strength. According to volume of the matrix container, the splice type integral modules can be combined into containers with various volumes, and due to the fact that self weight of the module is small, the splice type integral module is relatively large in volume and good in circulation.


To reduce the high failure rate of software projects, managers need better instruments to assess and manage software project risk. In order to create such instruments, however, researchers must first develop a better understanding of the dimensions of software project risk and how they can affect project performance. The first task in risk management is to identify these risks then to counter them using one of four response strategies namely Share, Avoid, Reduce or Accept (Mnemonic: SARA). The aim of this paper is to present a survey of the current available frameworks in literature for risk management in global software development projects. The selected two frameworks are analyzed and a comparison between them is made.


Written Chinese has tens of thousands of characters. But most available fonts contain only around 6 to 12 thousand common characters that can meet the needs of everyday users. However, in publications and information exchange in many professional fields, a number of rare characters that are not in common fonts are needed in each document. This paper describes a method of typesetting such rare characters in LATEX. The document author describes a rare character in HanGlyph when such need arises. A Chinese character synthesis system renders the glyph according to this description and collects the newly created glyphs into a font so they are available in the body of the LATEX document.


Aim: To determine the self-medication pattern among children. Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Pediatrics after obtaining due approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee; Bhima Bhoi Medical college & Hospital, a tertiary care teaching hospital of Western Odisha. All children from one month to fourteen years who attended the OPD were deemed eligible. Demographic and clinical characteristics were presented as frequencies and percentages. The prevalence of self-medication was represented as a percentage with a 95% confidence range. The Pearson chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between demographic characteristics and outcome variables, and a p-value less than 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: Out of the 400 children in the research, 130 had received self-medication from caregivers in the previous month, implying a 32.5 percent prevalence of self-medication. Fever was the most prevalent ailment for which self-medication was used in 320 children (80%), followed by cough and cold in 248 children (62 percent). Paracetamol was the most widely used drug, with 272 youngsters using it (68 percent). Cough and cold medicine was taken by 100 children (25%), while antibiotics were utilized by 90 children (22.5 percent) The average number of drugs utilized per patient was 1.6.


ITGC (Information Technology General Control) is generally known as part of the Financial Audit conducted by the External Auditor. Very diverse software from small scale to enterprise class is needed for many companies due to the rapid development of the business. For the external auditors themselves, one of the jobs performed is to conduct regular financial audits in accordance with the needs of their clients. The regulators themselves both OJK and BI as well as other fields in accordance with their business such as BAPEPAM, have also required several regulations that must be considered by each company that uses information technology in supporting its business


Transportation infrastructure systems consist of spatially extensive and long‐lived sets of interconnected facilities. Over the past two decades, several new non‐destructive inspection technologies have been developed and applied in collecting raw condition data and processing them to produce useful condition input to infrastructure inspection, maintenance, and rehabilitation (IM&R) decision‐making aimed at minimizing total expected life‐cycle cost. In response to the developments in inspection technologies, decision‐making methods evolved whereby the optimum combination of inspection decisions on the one hand and maintenance and rehabilitation decisions on the other are determined based on an economic evaluation that captures the long‐term costs and benefits. Recently, sample size has been included in IM&R decision‐making as a decision variable when considering a single facility. While, the question of dealing with a network of facilities in making maintenance and rehabilitation decisions has been addressed in the literature, this treatment does not consider condition sampling whereby each facility could require a different set of sample sizes over time. Doing so is valuable given the network nature of facilities that most infrastructure agencies are responsible for, the increasing number of inspection technology choices with possible varying degrees of accuracy and cost, and budget constraints agencies have to work within. During this reporting period (year 1 of a 2‐year project) a methodology was developed to address the extension of the single facility level problem to the network level whereby the uncertainty due to condition sampling is captured and its related decision variables included in the IM&R decision‐making process. More specifically, three activities were completed and a fourth was begun. The completed activities (1) outlined the issues that could be considered in addressing condition sampling at the networks level, (2) formulated the problem taking into account the issues deemed most critical above and devised a solution methodology, and (3) developed and wrote computer code to solve the formulation following the devised solution methodology above. The fourth activity consists of validating the code.


The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem v. Attorney General et al. (1977) (III) 31 P.D. 317 This decision was incidental to a suit initiated in 1971 in the Magistrates' Court of Tel Aviv by the "dissident" Russian Ecclesiastical Mission established in New York. Its object was to evict from certain premises three nuns who had allegedly unlawfully taken possession of property belonging to the plaintiff. Their defence was that their possession was lawful since they had been duly authorised to occupy the premises by the "official" Mission in Moscow; and the latter was properly joined as fourth defendant to the action. At this stage the Attorney General gave notice of his intention to appear in the proceedings in support of the defendants and even produced an affidavit executed by an officer of the Ministry of Religions. Counsel for the plaintiff strongly objected to the production of such evidence, but his objection was overruled by the Magistrate and also, on appeal, by the District Court of Tel Aviv. Leave for appeal having been granted, the case was argued for a third time in the Supreme Court which eventually approved the decisions of both lower courts.


Received on December 2, 2016. Revised on December 9, 2016. Accepted on December 9, 2016 Correspondence to: Sun-Young Kong Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Diagnostic Oncology and Translational Epidemiology Research Branch, Hospital and Research Institute, Department of System Cancer Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10408, Korea Tel: 82-31-920-1735, Fax: 82-31-920-1268, E-mail: email@example.com *Se-Na Lee and Youmi Hu contributed equally as co-first authors. This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIP) under Grant 2014R1A2A2A01002553.


The original demarcated Permian strata have been doubted in the geological survey on a southwest ditch.The traditional isotopic dating is time consuming and expensive.By comparing the research area with other areas using trace elements distribution pattern,we discovered that trace element distribution pattern of the disputed strata which has much more difference with the distribution pattern of Permian strata,is more close to the Cambrian strata in the study area,thus the disputed strata is classified as the Cambrian strata.


During the Progressive Era, bob veal, the meat of calves slaughtered at younger than four weeks of age, was incorrectly believed to be poisonous, and its sale was prohibited in areas across the United States. Yet a thriving underground trade persisted. This article studies bob veal's prohibition in Progressive Era New York City to understand where the meat was coming from, how it reached diners' tables, and who was eating it. I argue that bob veal's consumers, many of whom were recent immigrants and the urban poor, recognized the meat was benign. In examining the prohibition's failure, this article studies the politics of regulation and policing. For the ban's advocates, the language and assumptions of the broader pure food and public health movements were simultaneously empowering and constraining, giving reformers a political language to build institutional support for the prohibition and helping journalists sell newspapers even as this language required effacing the complexity of the bob veal trade. From the perspective of bob veal's many producers, smugglers, and consumers, this article highlights how a diffuse social power—a politics on the ground—can trump formal authority.


Stony Brook University Libraries.
SBU Graduate School in Anthropology.
Lawrence Martin (Dean of Graduate School), John G. Fleagle- Dissertation Advisor
Distinguished Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, William L. Jungers- Chairperson of Defense
Professor and Chair, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Frederick E. Grine
Professor, Department of Anthropology, Eric Delson
Professor, Department of Anthropology
CUNY- Lehman College.


Three fuel elements were shipped to the 300 Area hotcells during the first characterization shipping campaign from K West Basin. This document summarizes observations made during this campaign including the gas, liquid, and sludge content of the observed canisters. Included in an appendix is a detailed evaluation of fuel element condition for each canister opened


Objective To analyze and observe the efficacy of mirena treatment of adenomyosis. Methods 20 cases with adenomyosis were treated by mirena in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2011,patients treated by volume during the period of change and the changes of endometrial thickness were observed. Results The patients after used mirena, the patient′s pain score and the quantity in the form of monthly decline,endometrial thickness thinning from month to month.Among the 20 patients,2 cases had guttata bleeding, 1 case had month appears amenorrhoea phenomenon after 6 months. Conclusion Mirena applied adenomyosis disease clinical effect is very significant,effective mitigation and control of the patient′s symptoms of dysmenorrhea,reduced by the amount of patients,improve the patient′s quality of life,worthy of promotion.


The ability of the road network to maintain normal traffic functions has a critical role in the traffic operation systems when the road network in city area is damaged locally by some natural disasters such as urban floods. In this paper, we refine the concept of road network resilience and propose the "resilience indicator of the road network" (RIRN). Moreover, we present an integrated method to estimate the resilience of road network considering the network topology and traffic characteristics. First, the characteristics of the topological structure of an urban road network are analysed, and the topological index is structured based on the node degree, the betweenness centrality and the closeness centrality from Complex Network Theory. Second, the traffic index is structured based on the traffic volume and the surplus saturation degree (SSD). Third, a method is proposed to calculate the RIRN according to integrate the topological index and the traffic index. The methodology is demonstrated with a real case study considering different topological and traffic condition. The results showed that the accuracy of the resilience of road network is improved by considering the effect of traffic resilience. The effects of traffic characteristics on road network resilience are highlighted in this work and the results regarding the level of the resilience of road network can provide important information for decision makers in urban road network planning, traffic management and urban flood location control.


The vortex structure of {ital d}{sub {ital x}{sup 2}{minus}{ital y}{sup 2}}-wave superconductors is microscopically analyzed in the framework of the quasiclassical Eilenberger equations. If the pairing interaction contains an {ital s}-wave ({ital d}{sub {ital xy}}-wave) component in addition to a {ital d}{sub {ital x}{sup 2}{minus}{ital y}{sup 2}}-wave component, the {ital s}-wave ({ital d}{sub {ital xy}}-wave) component of the order parameter is necessarily induced around a vortex in {ital d}{sub {ital x}{sup 2}{minus}{ital y}{sup 2}}-wave superconductors. The spatial distribution of the induced {ital s}-wave and {ital d}{sub {ital xy}}-wave components is calculated. The {ital s}-wave component has an opposite winding number around the vortex near the {ital d}{sub {ital x}{sup 2}{minus}{ital y}{sup 2}}-vortex core and its amplitude has the shape of a four-lobe clover. These are consistent with results based on the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. The amplitude of the {ital d}{sub {ital xy}} component has the shape of an octofoil. The mixing of the {ital d}{sub {ital xy}} component cannot be explained by the GL theory, unless nonlocal correction terms are included. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


In this paper, we propose a novel two-way coherent TM01 mode combiner that combines the two-way TM01 mode to a one-way TM01 mode with high power capacity and combining efficiency. It is mainly composed of two two-way TM01 mode to TE10 mode power dividers, one four-way TE10 mode to TM01 mode power combiner and four H-plane bend rectangular waveguides. Simulation shows that, at center frequency 9.3 GHz, the isolation between two input ports is -19 dB, return loss for the input port the output ports is -22 dB and -26 dB respectively, the insertion loss is less than -0.1 dB. From 9.1 to 9.5 GHz, the isolation and single port return loss are both better than -10 dB, and the insertion loss is better than -0.3 dB. Its power capacity can be predicted to be approximately 5GW with the breakdown threshold 100 MV/m. The novel TM01 mode combiner has the merits of high power capacity and low insertion loss and high isolation between the input ports. Further experiments will be carried out to verify the simulations.


The kigom granites in central Nigeria are alkali amphibole bearing and peralkaline in nature. They are hypersolvus in character and contain mesoperthite in which the albite (Or1-2) and microcline are present in approximately equal proportions. The albite is fully ordered while K-rich feldspar is dominantly microcline. The extreme compositions of these feldspars suggests effective crystallization and ordering by hydrothermal fluids at lower than 3000C. Geochemical data suggest that the fluid involved in the metasomatism was peralkaline in composition and resulted in the enrichment of Nb, Y, and Th, in microgranite, and of Rb, Zn, Li, Sn, and F in the amphibole-bearing units suggesting that the granites underwent long duration of rock-fluid interaction in a peralkaline environment.
Keywords: Kigom, Peralkaline granite, Mesoperthite, Arfvedsonite, Riebeckite,
[Global Jnl Geol. Sci. Vol.1(1) 2003: 1-12]


In the past few decades, a new era of socioenvironmental institutions and policies has promoted experimentation with alternative proosals for managing land and resources in the Amazon region. The rubber tappers' home state of Acre was transformed by the florestania policies of the "forest government" regimes that built on the rubber tappers' identity and history to promote forest-based development and to extend citizenship rights. Beginning in 1999, the state became a laboratory for experimentation with new approaches to development, at a time of rapid changes among both urban and rural populations. This article uses data from household surveys in the capital city of Rio Branco, as well as extensive secondary literature, to trace the evolution of these new policies and projects and their ambiguous implications for citizenship and sustainable development.


New York City's "Five Points" neighborhood in lower Manhattan was well-known in the mid-to-late nineteenth century as a major locus of concern related to the problems of burgeoning American cities. Its prominence was highlighted in Martin Scorsese's 2002 film, The Gangs of New York, which even briefly portrayed the Methodists' Five Points Mission that the famous holiness leader Phoebe Palmer was instrumental in founding.1 Both Philadelphia and Boston had similar neighborhoods to New York's "Five Points." Methodist mission outposts in both of these cities eagerly (if ironically) claimed the notorious "Five Points" label to remind donors there were rough neighborhoods closer to home which rivaled the destitution—and missionary opportunity—found in New York.2 The Methodist Bedford Street Mission was located in the vicinity of Bedford Street (today named Kater Street, one block south of South Street) and Sixth Street.3 One Methodist observed in the 1850s that the surrounding neighborhood, a "terribly degraded district, the hot-bed of all the lowest vice and degradation of this great city, which had hitherto been, by common consent, left out of the pale of all Christian Missionary effort, was fallow ground of the richest character, promising, with proper culture, to yield abundant


creased in the majority of cases, with a lower number of erythroid burst forming units. These results were similar to published results of growth patterns of hematopoietic progenitors in 117 patients with primary MDS [3] . Therefore, clonogenic assays seems to have limited value in discriminating patients with MDS from patients with megaloblastic anemia and normal serum B 12 levels. Similarly, the discriminative value of cytogenetic studies is also limited, since megaloblastic anemia causes abnormalities in DNA synthesis and repair that may result in unusual cytogenetic changes. Apart from the numerical abnormalities, chromatid exchanges and translocations are very rare in megaloblastic anemia [4] . A transient del(7q) has been described in association with megaloblastic anemia due to dietary folate and vitamin B 12 deficiency [5] . Taking all these issues into account, we suggest that empirical 30-day treatment with hematinics must be a mandatory procedure in the MDS diagnostic procedure, regardless of the serum levels of folate and B 12 testing. In other words, the side effects of hematinic treatment are mild and uncommon, while the consequences of a misdiagnosis of MDS can be severe and tragic, particularly in younger patients. Kim et al. [1] reported 12 patients with vitamin B 12 -responsive pancytopenia who had discordant laboratory findings and were misdiagnosed as having myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The serum vitamin B 12 levels were within normal limits at the initial evaluation, and therefore these patients were initially diagnosed as MDS. We report 5 patients with megaloblastic bone marrow diagnosed 15 years ago, a time before serum folate and B 12 testing started to be daily clinical routine for such patients. Patients had moderate-to-severe cytopenia. Samples obtained from single bone marrow aspiration were collected for morphological analysis and colony assays concomitantly as part of our research project. Morphological analysis showed megaloblastic bone marrow, particularly in erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis, compatible with folate or B 12 deficiency. All patients achieved complete remission after replacement treatment. Colony assays were done at referral according to the method described by Iscove et al. [2] . Numbers of granulocyte-monocyte colony-forming units and granulocyte-monocyte clusters were normal or slightly decreased, with predominance of cluster growth. In vitro erythropoiesis was deAccepted: November 23, 2011 Published online: January 7, 2012


ABSTRACT The tropical forage legume Stylosanthes humilis is naturally distributed in the acidic soils of the tropics. However, data concerning the role of low soil pH in the control of S. humilis seed germination remains limited. Recently, we have demonstrated that acidic soil triggers increased ethylene production during germination of S. humilis seeds, concomitantly with higher root penetration into the soil. Our finding points an important role of low soil pH as a signal allowing penetration of root in the soil through interaction with the ethylene signalling pathway. Herein, we discuss how low soil pH induces changes on seed hormonal physiology.


A method of forming a gate electrode, capable of minimizing a resistance difference between the gate electrodes and a method of forming a non-volatile memory device using the same, wherein an oxide film pattern, a polysilicon layer pattern and a hard mask pattern are stacked on a semiconductor substrate to form a gate structure; a gate spacer including an oxide-based insulating material is formed on a sidewall of the gate structure; the hard mask pattern stacked on the gate structure is removed to expose the polysilicon layer pattern; the polysilicon layer pattern and the top portion of the gate spacer are planarized; a stopping layer and an insulating interlayer are then formed and planarized by CMP. Thus, the thickness of the films for forming the gate electrode and, consequently the gate electrode resistance of a semiconductor device, are uniform across the wafer.


Therelation between thelength ofthemainleft coronaryartery andthedegree ofatherosclerosis inits branches wasstudied bypostmortem examination in204subjects aged 20to90years. Thefindings suggest that incaseswith a short mainleft coronaryartery theatherosclerotic lesions in theanterior descending andcircumflex branches appear earlier, progress faster athigher levels ofseverity, andlead morefrequently tomyocardial infarction, thanincaseswith a long left coronary artery trunk. In casesoverthe ageof50years,where disease isexpected tohavedeveloped, itwas shownthatthedegree of atherosclerosis intheleft anterior descending andcircumflex branches was inversely related tothelength of themainleft coronaryartery. Thecorrelation coefficients were-0-527 and-(*428, respectively, andin either casea testfor zerocorrelation wassignificant (P<0.001). Thepossible changes inthehaemodynamic andmechanical conditions associated withthevariations of theanatomical pattern ofthecoronary arteries andtheir influence inthedevelopment ofatherosclerosis arediscussed. Itissuggested thatthelength ofthemainleft coronary artery isa congenital anatomical and possibly hereditary factor influencing therateofdevzelopment ofatherosclerosis inthebranches ofthemain left coronary artery. Theinvolvement oflocal mechanical andhaemodynamic factors inthedevelopment ofatherosclerosis ofthecoronary arteries isa generally accepted fact andthesignificance ofsuchfactors


This study evaluates the disclosure of size revisions of seasoned stock offerings to determine what information is imparted to investors by the revision announcements. The results suggest not only that the announcements disclosure market- but not the firm-originating information; they also suggest the existence of a mechanism whereby investors and underwriters gauge the demand for an offering.


It is a crucial property for autonomous vehicle driving systems to robustly perform in different driving surroundings. However, the modules based on computer vision suffer from the performance degradation problem, when there is distribution discrepancy between the practically captured data and the training data. In this paper, we address this problem by learning an one-step transformation to bridge the discrepancy from source domain to target domain. Since the feature space learned by labeled source data is well-trained, the target data firstly are directly mapped to this feature space. With regard the domain discrepancy, the distribution of source and target features need to be further aligned. We model the aligning process as an one-step transformation and implement it as one layer convolutional neural network. In order to effectively learn the one-step transformation, a new adversarial loss function is proposed to minimize the Wasserstein distance of involving domains and the prediction error simultaneously. The experiments are conducted on six datasets, including the challenging traffic-related data,e.g. traffic sign images and the pedestrian fisheye images captured by the cameras installed in a moving vehicle. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with other eight classical recognition methods.


This article examines the representation of shopping in selected fictional and autobiographical works by French-Canadian author Gabrielle Roy (Bonheur d'occasion, Rue Deschambault and La Detresse et l'enchantement) It argues that, in the case of Roy, the activity of shopping can be seen to constitute not only a playful and pleasurable pursuit for women, but also one that has the potential to be empowering. Shopping in Royan works offers female characters the opportunity to dream, to create, to escape the everyday, to explore and, perhaps most importantly, it facilitates female bonding, particularly between mother and daughter.


genetic algorithm. Knowing the current state of angle distributions proved to be important while calculating the coupled thickness build-up. The optimization problem is constrained by the critical linear buckling load, herein calculated using finite elements with MSC Nastran ® , and by manufacturing and design constraints, such as the minimum steering radius of AFP and CTS and common design guidelines for laminated composites. The results are compared with an optimized baseline design using conventional straight-fibre laminates to quantify how the design is changed in terms of overall geometry, buckling loads and structural weight. is ply thickness: when 𝑡 𝑖 1 material is assigned and when 𝑡 10 , corresponding ply is disregarded while creating the finite element model. Fiber orientation angles for constant stiffness laminates can only assume ± 45 or 90 𝑜 Skin design variables corresponds to the laminate stacking sequence using VSL formulation. A 3 × 3 uniform grid is used to map the skin surface of the unit cell, enabling the use of the Lagrangian polynomial-based interpolation,


Using artificially reconstituted membranes based on structurally liquidlike phospholipids, we have performed an experimental study on the mechanical impact of the saponin β-aescin, aka escin, a natural biosurfactant extracted from the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum. The paper focusses on the modulable interaction of escin with DMPC in model membranes in the form of bilayer vesicles and Langmuir monolayers. As regarding to their dual mechanical membrane behavior being both soft solids and viscoelastic fluids, we have outlined the principal energetic and kinetic features describing the insertion of escin as transversally adsorbed or longitudinally integrated within the model membranes. At connection with the structural phase behavior assessed by dedicated microscopies of surface fluorescence and Brewster angle reflectivity, these hybrid escin / phospholipid membranes have been revealed to possess dual mechanical properties connected to their structural rigidness and fluidity behaving both in one way and another. In particular, we observe a soft glassy rheology typical for liquid-crystalline ordered phases at low temperature, which turns into a fluidlike viscoelasticity characteristic of the disordered phases at high physiological temperature. These original results have been discussed in a physicochemical perspective that may pave new avenues of material engineering and / or pharmacological design exploiting the dual mechanical impact of escin as a mechanical modulator of the cellular membrane.


A protocol for the modular assembly of α -fluoroamide motif has been developed, which provides a practical method for the efficient synthesis of structurally diverse α -fluoroamides from easily available aldehydes and tertiary amines through a three-component fluorination-aminocarbonylation process. The key to the success of this process is taking advantage of the multiple roles of the unique difluorocarbene reagent TMSCF 2 Br (TMS = trimethylsilyl). The mechanism of the process involves the 1,2-fluorine and oxygen migrations of the in-situ formed TMS-protected α -aminodifluoromethyl carbinol intermediates, which represents a new type of deoxyfluorination reaction.


Maternal with congenitial anomalies are known to have higher incidence of infertility, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malposition, preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membrane and increased cesaerean section rate. Study Design: This is retrospective study, the pregnancies with uterine anomaly confirmed by ultrasound between Jan 2016 to jan 2017 at our hospital was taken and its outcome is observed. Reults: The majority of preterm delivery in our study are mainly associated with septate and bicornuate uterus. Cesaerean section comprised of 80% and its major indication is due to fetal malpresentation (breech) .Thus Pregnancy outcomes of individual depending on the type of uterine anomalies.


Both calcium naphthenate and calcium nitrate showed some effects on FCC catalyst activity and crystallinity of molecular seives,especially when calcium content of catalyst was higher than 1 6%,and the influence of calcium naphthenate was less than that of calcium nitrate.Calcium sulfate was found in equilibrium catalysts and agglomerated catalysts.Phosphorous containing compounds and zirconium containing compounds showed some certain tolerance to calcium.XRD profiles show that the structure of phosphorous containing compound PA is aluminum phosphate,that of PO is γ Al 2O 3.Both PA and PO can react with calcium nitrate to form calcium hydroxylapatite,thus to alleviate the poisoning of calcium compounds on activity of FCC catalysts.


Electronic wallet (e-wallet) services have been the most commonly used electronic payment (e-payment) method in Indonesia within the past few years. By using survey data from 409 e-wallet users collected in the first half of 2020 and analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic regression models, this study explores the top three e-wallet services in this country (i.e., GoPay, OVO, and DANA) to identify the user characteristics of the top three e-wallet which currently being used in Indonesia and to investigate which user groups, if any, tend to go with one e-wallet service over another. The results show that GoPay has the largest user base but OVO is the one with the most loyal user base while DANA has the most different user base of them all. The findings in this study can complement and enrich the literature on the use of ICT in the financial sector in Indonesia and shed light on the use of e-wallet and e-payment industry in this country. Apart from laying out some ground work for further research, the insight from this study can also be used by each e-wallet service to help make decisions as part of their marketing strategy.