Several recombinant viral vaccines are currently going through clinical trials in response to the ongoing Ebola epidemic. In six phase I trials


Disabled‐2 (Dab2) is an adapter protein, that along with the membrane receptors megalin and cubilin, is essential for uptake of protein‐complexed 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol (25D3) in the kidney and maintenance of serum vitamin D homeostasis. Previously, we showed that mammary cells (T‐47D) also express Dab2, megalin, and cubilin and internalize vitamin D‐binding protein (DBP) by receptor‐mediated endocytosis. Moreover, induction of Dab2 and megalin by the differentiating agent all‐trans‐retinoic acid (RA) correlated with DBP uptake in mammary cells. These findings suggest that expression of Dab2, megalin, and cubilin are critical for the uptake and anti‐tumorigenic effects of vitamin D in cancer‐prone tissues. In this present study, we have extended our work by characterizing the uptake of DBP and the expression of Dab2 and megalin in prostate cancer (PC‐3 and LNCaP) and colon cancer (Caco‐2) cells. Our results indicate that Dab2 and megalin mRNA and protein are abundant in PC‐3, LNCaP, and Caco‐2 cell lines. This expression was markedly enhanced when treated with 10 μM RA. Furthermore, DBP was readily internalized by PC‐3, LNCaP, and Caco‐2 cells. Taken together, these are the first studies to our knowledge that have characterized a potential role for Dab2 and megalin in the uptake of vitamin D in prostate and colon cells. Supported by NIH SR03CA128091‐03 and Iowa State University Experiment station to MJR.


This study notes "storytelling" as an important factor that enabled Cirque du Soleil, established in 1984, to develop into a world-class performing troupe, and seeks to investigate what processes and functions utilized storytelling. Cirque du Soleil revolutionized the classical elements and overall composition of the circus, becoming an innovative performing arts troupe, centering its vision around the "new circus" concept and "storytelling". While the classical circus was a simple lineup of skills, Cirque du Soleil utilized unique audiovisual elements through artistic assets built before its establishment and has used storytelling as a tool to weave these elements together organically. This study explores the purpose and process of the introduction of storytelling by Cirque du Soleil and examines the aspects of storytelling in convergence with the circus as well as the results achieved through it by an analysis of KÀ, a permanent performance in Las Vegas. KÀ is the first performance with a scripted, cohesive story in Cirque du Soleil that attempts to converge storytelling with a circus-style production.


Review of Henrichs, A. (2019). Collected Papers. Vol. 2, Greek Myth and Religion. Edited by H. Yunis. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 606 pp.


Objective To realize the characteristics of nosocomial infection management of mine disaster miners during medical rescue.Methods On the spot investigation were performed in the hospitals where the mine disaster miners were cured,infection control measures were put forward,the effect of these measures was evaluated and ad- justed timely according to the patients'condition.Results There was no nosocomial infection occurring in the mine disaster miners,successful medical rescue was ensured.Conclusion The enforcement of infection control measures are appropriate and effective.


Adhesion molecules play a key role in leucocyte migration into the central nervous system (CNS). Concentrations of endothelial‐derived soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) and leucocyte‐originated soluble L‐selectin (sL‐selectin) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with mumps meningitis (mononuclear pleocytosis, n = 33) and mumps (absence of pleocytosis, n = 9) were compared with values from age‐matched control group (n = 19). In 14 patients from the meningitis group, adhesion molecule levels together with albumin concentration were estimated in paired CSF/serum samples to calculate concentration quotients and determine molecule intrathecal release. Both sICAM‐1 (median 3.44 versus 0.86 ng/ml; P < 0.0001) and sL‐selectin (median 29.91 versus 8.52 ng/ml; P < 0.0001) concentrations in CSF were increased in mumps meningitis patients compared with controls. Increased levels of the selected adhesion molecules were also observed in mumps patients without CNS involvement when compared with controls (median sICAM‐1: 1.14 versus 0.86 ng/ml, sL‐selectin: 13.54 versus 8.52 ng/ml; P < 0.01). Additionally, the concentration of adhesion molecules was found to correlate with CSF leucocyte count. Considerable correlation of sICAM‐1 and sL‐selectin quotients and corresponding albumin quotients suggests that a majority of the soluble adhesion molecules originated from the bloodstream. Analysis of adhesion molecule levels demonstrated indirect evidence of brain‐derived fractions. Our results suggest the involvement of adhesion molecules during the early phase of mumps meningitis.


On the base of the monitoring data of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) nutrient at surface seawater from Apr. to Sep. 2002 in Xiangshan Harbor,the characteristics on spatio-temporal variations of N and P pollution in Xiangshan Harbor was analyzed and discussed in periods during which the red tide occurs frequently. By mean of the potential eutrophication assessment model,the eutrophication grade in Xiangshan Harbor was assessed. The results shown that the water quality in Xiangshan Harbor was seriously polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus,and the red tide occurs frequently. The characteristics on spatial-temporal variations of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution were observed obviously,NO_2-N at surface seawater was increased with nitrifying bacteria. The results of the potential eutrophication assessment showed that in period of high frequency of the red tide,the water quality in the whole of Xiangshan Harbor was at the stage of potential eutrophication because limit of phosphorus.


In this paper we investigated and compared the total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentrations in non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soils of five super-xerophytic shrubs in the Alashan desert. The results from this study indicated that there were consistently higher total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentrations in the rhizosphere soils than in the non-rhizosphere soils of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum、Ceratoides holmgern、Atraphaxis bracteate、Tetraena Mongolica. Reaumuria soongorica showed a higher total phosphorus concentration in rhizosphere than in non-rhizosphere soils, although was shown to have a lower available phosphorus concentration in the rhizophere compared with the non-rhizosphere soils. Regression analyses indicated that there was a significant correlation between the total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentrations in non-rhizosphere soil. In contrast, rhizosphere soils showed no significant relationship between the total phosphorus and available phosphorus concentrations.


Understanding farming strategies and identifying the parameters controlling production technologies are
the fundamental elements required to modify the consumption of the irrigated sector without
compromising production objectives. In this regard, the objective of this investigation is to analyse the
performance of irrigated farms in the region of Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. Firstly, farm surveys were carried out
in both public and private irrigated areas. Secondly, an analysis of the production system within these farms
showed an appropriate technology process. Moreover, the application of the data envelopment analysis
approach allowed the measurement of technical and allocative efficiency. The comparison between both
production systems, based on public and private resources, revealed that more important resources were
wasted under the private than under the public water management system. Thus, the surface wells creation
strategy, as a second resource for irrigation, was found to be against the sustainable use of an already
overexploited groundwater. However, such strategy is justified when analysing allocative efficiency scores.
Indeed, the profitability of the activity, based on the use of wells for irrigation, appears to be much higher
than the one based on public resources.


According to provide a desired function by selection module connected to the module consisting of a remote control, wherein each module is a function of the remote controller constructed. The remote control module comprising: a main remote control, one of the control signals in response to internal and external control signals, generates a remote control signal for remotely controlling an electronic device, an internal control signal in response to the key input is generated internally; and at least one remote control expansion module detachably coupled to the main remote controller and generating an external control signal.


Decatungstodivanadogermanic acid (H 6 GeW 10 V 2 O 40 .22H 2 O) was used as a novel and green heterogeneous catalyst for the acetylation of hydroxy compounds under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. Efficient and selective acetylation of various alcohols and phenols was conducted with acetic anhydride as an acetylating agent over H 6 GeW 10 V 2 O 40 .22H 2 O under solvent-free conditions. All acetylated products were selectively obtained in excellent yields with very short reaction times. The reaction times were longer for the acetylation of phenols than for alcohols, so that an alcoholic OH group could be selectively acetylated in the presence of a phenolic OH group by the appropriate choice of reaction time. The catalyst can be recycled several times without observable loss of activity and selectivity.


Aim: To identify, characterize and compare the cellulolytic potentials of strains isolated from the gut of Odontotermes and Heterotermes species.


A down side to all the benefits of switch-mode power supply (SMPS) power conversion is the potential for noise generation from the high dv/dt and di/dt of the power pulses. When the many techniques for mitigating the generation of EMI fail to provide the necessary noise margin, the application of spread-spectrum frequency dithering (SSFD) may provide a solution. This topic explores modulation techniques, models the behavior in SPICE, and examines real-world behavior in two practical examples.


Holography provides a method of storing the information (size and relative position) of a dynamic three-dimensional distribution of particles so that a stationary image can be produced for detailed study. The depth of field is considerably better than normal image formation. The major technique involves forming an in-line Fraunhofer hologram; this hologram is the interference pattern formed between the far field diffraction pattern of the particles and an in-line background. Off-axis holography can also be used. The basic principles of these methods are described, and practical limitations and advantages discussed. Application of the methods to fog, mist, sprays, rocket engine studies, two phase flow, bubble chamber photography, electron beam holography, etc. are reviewed.


The innate and adaptive immune systems rely on the skin for various purposes, serving as the primary defense against harmful environmental elements. However, skin lesions may lead to undesirable consequences such as scarring, accelerated skin aging, functional impairment, and psychological effects over time. The rising popularity of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for skin wound treatment is due to their potential as a promising therapeutic option. MSCs offer advantages in terms of differentiation capacity, accessibility, low immunogenicity, and their central role in natural wound-healing processes. To accelerate the healing process, MSCs promote cell migration, angiogenesis, epithelialization, and granulation tissue development. Oxygen plays a critical role in the formation and expansion of mammalian cells. The term "normoxia" refers to the usual oxygen levels, defined at 20.21 percent oxygen (160 mm of mercury), while "hypoxia" denotes oxygen levels of 2.91 percent or less. Notably, the ambient O2 content (20%) in the lab significantly differs from the 2%–9% O2 concentration in their natural habitat. Oxygen regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mediated expression of multiple genes plays a crucial role in sustaining stem cell destiny concerning proliferation and differentiation. This study aims to elucidate the impact of normoxia and hypoxia on MSC biology and draw comparisons between the two. The findings suggest that expanding MSC-based regenerative treatments in a hypoxic environment can enhance their growth kinetics, genetic stability, and expression of chemokine receptors, ultimately increasing their effectiveness.


Purpose: Neural networks may be used to solve problems in the field of psychology and sexology. In particular, it seems that neural networks may be important to limit the unintentional contact of minors with pornographic material. The aim of the study was to create the neural networks model for the classification of pornographic (also fetishist) materials from non-pornographic materials. Methods: In order to create a new model, the sAI 0.3 model was used as the basic model. The fast.ai library version 1.0.55 was used. A modified version of ResNet152 was adopted as the neural network architecture. The sexACT database was modified to include new training material – 1630 non-pornographic photos of women. A total of 1304 photos (80% of the set) were used to train the network and the remaining 326 photos (20% of the set) were used for its later validation. Results: As a result of the research, the sAI 0.4 model was created, enabling binary classification of pornographic and non-por-nographic materials with 96% accuracy. The model tends to make more the first type of error than the second type of errors. The model has a high precision (0.94) and high sensitivity (0.88). The final validation loss was 0.1314. Conclusions: The potential benefits of using the discussed model from a clinical perspective were discussed. The application of the discussed model could prevent the negative effects of contact of minors with pornographic material, which could consequently limit the prevalence of risky sexual behavior or negative psychosocial effects.


Use of the Checklist to Record School Behavior • The classroom use of material reinforcers, such as candy and trinkets, to bring about higher rates of desirable academic, social, and personal behavior has been reported by Bijou (:1964); Haring and Phillips (1962); Hewett (:1966); Staats, Minke, Finley, Wolf, and Brooks (:1964); and Zimmerman and Zimmerman (1962). However, on the basis of reports from some children who demonstrated achievement and!or behavioral problems and of reports from their parents,.it appeared that these children did not find candy and trinket reinforcers nearly as desirable as a variety of activities and objects available in the home environment. This article describes a procedure which utilized reinforcers available in the home environment to promote desirable school behavior. Desirable school behavior as used here refers to a child's, (a) increasing the number of accurately completed class assignments within the time alloted for the completion of the tasks in question, and (b) increasing the length of time during which his social and personal behavior meets classroom standards. o Initial sessions. The program was implemented through a series of parentteacher conferences. Both group and individual conferences were utilized. Generally four to six sessions were sufficient. During the first session, an explanation of a checklist, which was used by each child's teacher to record those school behaviors for which the child should be rewarded, was given, and the selection of meaningful rewards was described (See Figures :1 and 2). Succeeding sessions dealt with explaining the reinforcement principles involved in the program, reviewing the use of the checklist, checking the progress of individual children, and learning when and how to adjust the reward system used. A manual by Edlund (:1962) was used as a reference. Followup sessions. At the conclusion of the initial sessions, weekly contacts with parents were maintained through conferences or telephone calls. Regular sessions were continued throughout the program. o Determining preprogram behavior. Before the program was initiated, each child'$ ability to demonstrate the type of behavior desired was observed and recorded. A record was kept of the amount of assigned work each child could complete in a given period of time and the degree of accuracy he achieved (See Figure 3). If a child was new to the classroom, the teacher or school psychologist would either give the child prepared assignments or administer a short achievement test. Material reinforcers, such as candy, were used to bring forth the child's best efforts. Earning checks for completed assignments. In working with poor achievers,


According to the characters of control objects of air conditioning systems such as multi variable, nonlinearity,time lag and time variation,fuzzy self-adaptive PI control which combines fuzzy control and PI control were proposed and simulated.The results of simulation indicate that the control effect of this method is better than PI control,and avoid larger steady state error of fuzzy control.The method has advantages of shorter time response,higher precision and better stability.


The similarity theory proposed by Monin-Obukhov for the atmospheric surface layer is extended so that it can be used to study the flux-gradient relationships of chemically reactive species. A second-order model is developed in order to calculate the flux-gradient relationships and the (co-)variances of momentum, temperature, and concentration. The equations of the statistical quantities of the chemical species take chemical reactions into account. The closure constants are adjusted for a near-neutral surface layer using micrometeorological measurements. All model equations are made nondimensional and without chemistry can be solved as a function of a nondimensional parameter which accounts for the atmospheric stability z/L only. In the case of an irreversible second-order chemical reaction, three new dimensionless scaling parameters are introduced by the chemical processes: two Damkohler numbers (the ratio of the turbulent timescale to the chemical reaction timescale) and the ratio of the fluxes of the chemical species. Model calculations of the momentum and temperature (co-)variances are in good agreement with the observations over the whole range of the atmospheric stability. If the concentration of one chemical species (abundant) is much higher than the concentration of the other species (scarce), then one finds the largest deviations from the flux-gradient relationships and the other statistical quantities for the scarce chemical species with respect to the flux-gradient relationships and the statistical quantities of temperature. The magnitude of these deviations depends on the Damkohler numbers and on the direction of the transport of the two chemical species, i.e., both deposited/emitted or one deposited and the other emitted. The abundant chemical species behaves as a passive scalar, i.e., temperature or moisture. Therefore in the case of scarce chemical species and Damkohler numbers close to unity (moderate chemistry), one cannot use the same flux-gradient relationship for temperature and for chemically reactive species. A similar behavior is found if one takes into account a backward chemical reaction (photodissociation) to the second-order chemical reaction. However, the deviations of the flux-gradient relationships of the scarce chemical species from the flux-gradient relationship of temperature are less severe if the photodissociation rate is increased. In summary, the model contains all the most important equations for solving the behavior of chemical species over the entire stability range of the atmospheric surface layer. Therefore it can be used to calculate the fluxes and (co-)variances equations of chemical species in atmospheric chemistry models.


'Out-of-office' or ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurement refers to measurement of BP: by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), by serial measurement in an obstetrical day unit, or by home B...


Colonialist segregation and, subsequently, apartheid in South Africa were centrally focused on the control of population movement, and a central prerogative of the state was the authority to delimit the boundaries between populations and to codify the characteristics of their difference. Against this power of the colonial and the apartheid state were poised the energies of people depending for their livelihoods on movement and capacity to circumvent and demobilise the obstacles placed in their way by geographical restrictions and state authorised definitions of identity. At the same time, the groups of population subjected to such forms of power also sought the recognition of the state, and interacted with it around attempts to fixate boundaries and identities in order to consolidate their own strategic position and situation within the hegemony of cultures, on which the legitimation of state power depended. Following the demise of apartheid and its deconstruction into constitutional democracy after 1994, such confrontations, struggles and manoeuvres have continued, and new types of battles around citizenship and entitlements have emerged in the context of both immigration and affirmative action for greater social justice.

This article sets out to examine some of the institutional frameworks and discourses through which African and Indian identities have been articulated, confronted and negotiated in South Africa – and in what is now KwaZulu-Natal in particular – from colonialism and the apartheid era to the "New South Africa." It discusses some of the ambiguities inherent in Islamic identity formation, and looks at ways in which it has interacted with other strands of identification, with Indian as well as African nationalism in South Africa. In what is now KwaZulu-Natal, Islam has quite predominantly belonged to people of Indian origin– though from very different backgrounds – and has provided an important register of discourse and organisation for both the unification and delimitation of Indian identities against others as well as for the articulation and debate of cultural and political differences within the Indian "community." African Islam in KwaZulu-Natal has been of much more limited dimensions and – until recently – has been kept carefully apart and segregated from the world of Indian Islam.

With the onset of new programmes and mobilisations for dawah among Africans (starting with the work of Achmet Deedat and the Islamic Propagation Centre International from 1957 onwards), with a new political playing field opening up after 1994, and the waves of transnational migration following it, the relationship between Indian and African Islam has begun to change, and new varieties of Islamic discourse and institution building have come about. The paper argues that the impact of these new energies of islamisation is in itself ambivalent: On the one hand it offers possibilities for new dialogue and elaboration of ideas of citizenship across historical divides of racial segregation and discrimination. On the other hand, it also provides the possibility for new hardenings of identity and of new types of confrontation between groups keen to exploit and monopolise the cultural capital represented by Islam.


Influence of different cereal grains as solid substrates on sporulation, viability and pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin was studied under laboratory condition. Among the six grains (viz. maize, sorghum, fingermillet, sorghum, barley and wheat), sorghum as solid substrate resulted in highest spore (6.36 × 10 7 conidia ml −1 ) production with spore viability of 86.6 per cent. The production and viability of conidia increased when the substrates were supplemented with sucrose as compared to conidia produced from substrates alone. Conidia produced from fingermillet showed highest virulence against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura with LC 50 , value of 1,72 × 10 6 conidia ml −1 compared to conidia from other sources. However, conidia produced from SDA medium showed highest spore production, viability and virulence to S. litura larvae compared to conidia produced from solid substrates.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper, conducted within an emerging market context, was to investigate the influence of colour in packaging on the purchase intent of consumers for bottled water. Colour, whether in branding or packaging, has always been an important attribute in attracting the attention of consumers. For years, bottled water packaging has largely centred on the colours blue and white. The study looked into the effect of cold colours, warm colours and neutral colours on the purchase intent for bottled water. It also analysed the influence of the demographic variables of age group, gender, language and income group on colour preferences of the product. Design/methodology/approach – An experimental design was utilised for the purposes of this study. Data were collected by means of a mall intercept survey of South African consumers within suburban supermarket stores. Findings – The findings determined that while consumers appear somewhat indifferent between colours, there is a greater preference...


An important place in the operational management of traffic on the basis of plan formation, train schedule, technical regulations on the use of vehicles and railway infrastructure is operational control operational regulation.


This paper is concerned with an internal crack problem in an infinite transversely isotropic elastic layer. The crack is opened by an internal uniform pressure p0 along its surface. The layer surfaces are supposed to be acted on by symmetrically applied concentrated forces of magnitude P 2 with respect to the centre of the crack. The applied concentrated force may be compressive or tensile in nature. The problem is solved by using integral transform technique. The solution of the problem has been reduced to the solution of a Cauchy type singular integral equation, which requires numerical treatment. The integral equation is solved numerically by using Gauss-Chebychev and Gauss-Laguerre quadratures. The stress-intensity factors and the crack opening displacements are determined and the effects of anisotropy on both cases are shown graphically. MSC: 74E10 • 74R20


Information representation is the core problem in an information searching system. Only if information resources are represented at an appropriate level that matches the ability of user groups can the success and efficiency of information searching be realized. Information systems for young children frequently ignore the problem of information representation, which renders the use of such systems difficult for young children and parents. This study focused on young children's picture book searching demand and carried out behavioral experiments by simulating an information searching system to extract young children's information representation of picture books. The findings include 8 representation categories and 19 elements that children use for searching picture books, which may contribute to the development of a picture book searching system for young children.


Based on analysis of functions and modeling of research office building which has the appeal to traditional style,and the design practices of Yulong Snow Mountain glacial and environmental observation station,from the layout,use of materials,space and design,etc.,this paper is to explore the modern design expression of traditional regional architecture.


as a result of this effect. If false negative cultures do occur, this could add to the difficulties of controlling the spread of gonorrhoea and would demonstrate how important it is that the clinician should not accept, without reservation, a negative gonococcal culture from a patient with a concomitant candidiasis. We have investigated the importance of this suggested form of inhibition>lnder clinical conditions.


It was authenticated that there were 86 kinds of algae in the water of phosphate rock pool through three times of collection in March、April and May. In these algae, there were three families、eight genera、thirteen species in Cyanophyta, three families、 three genera, three species in Xanthophyta, seven families, thirteen genera, nineteen species in Bacillariophyta, one family, one genus, three species in Euglenophyta, twelve families、twenty-five genra、forty-five species in chlorphyta, but there was only one family, one genus, one species in Cnyptophyta、Pyrrophyta and Chrysophyta. It was found that the amount of blue green algae was 83% after analysing the amounts of plankton alage in March.


【Objective】To evaluate three therapeutic methods of minimally invasive cardiac surgery for atrial septal defect(ASD).【Methods】Transcatheter closure,small chest incision closure,lateral minimal thoracotomic operations were performed in 15,18and 20 patients respectively.Diameter of ASD,postoperative hospitalization time and total therapeutic costs were compared between three groups.【Results】There were no postoperative deaths.The diameters of ASD in three groups were not significant.Postoperative hospitalization time and total therapeutic cost was significantly in three groups.【Conclusions】Three therapeutic methods provide excellent results.In total therapeutic cost of patients,lateral minimal thoracotomy is lower than the other two methods.


Environmental pollution on a global scale is expected to be the greatest problem that chemical scientists will face in the 21 century, and an increasing number of these scientists are looking to new photocatalytic systems for the solution. Existing photocatalytic systems are effective for the decomposition of many unwanted organics through the use of efficient semiconductor photocatalysts activated by ultra-violet (UV) irradiation. The demand for visible light activated photocatalytic systems is increasing rapidly. Currently, however, the efficiency and availability of photocatalysts which can be activated effectively by the solar spectrum and especially indoor lighting is severely limited. The purpose of this project is to investigate the potential of a TiO2-ZnFe2O4 alloyed nanocomposite for use as a visible light activated photocatalyst. An overview of the principles of photocatalysis is first provided. Relevant properties of pure and modified TiO2 are next discussed, and results of studies on structural and photocatalytic properties are presented. Alloyed TiO2-ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites are discussed in detail and their crystal structure, particle size, particle interaction, optical characteristics, and photoactivity are discussed in detail. Measurements characterizing the alloys are carried out using XRD, SEM, EDS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and photodegradation procedures. ix The photoactivity of the alloys is carefully studied through phenol degradation experiments, and recommendations are provided to improve the photocatalysts under investigation.


Continuous queries based on sliding window is a focus problem in data stream research Now all the research work is based on a hypothesis that all the data within the sliding window can be conserved in memory If the measure of data within the sliding window exceeds the memory capacity, the existing query methods can't work well A data compression technology of sliding window in data stream is proposed, which can reduce the storage space of sliding window In the meanwhile, continuous query algorithms based on the compressed sliding window is put forward The theoretical analysis and the result of experiment indicate that the algorithms have good performance, and can satisfy the on line requirement of the continuous query of data stream


The article shows the content of the notion "interaction" and its specificity when psycho-prophylaxis work is organized. The authors pay special attention to the peculiarities of the interaction between the psychologist and students, parents, teachers so that to create conditions for saving and strengthening the child's psychological health.


FIELD: information storage devices. SUBSTANCE: device provides possibility to store n-bit information words on magnetic record carrier using link of I-bit binary word to said information words. In addition (n+1)-bit information words are encoded by means of preliminary converter into (n+m) channel words which are stored on record carrier. I-bit words are linked by arranging that current digital total value in output signal of preliminary converter conforms to required function as dependent on time. For example, flow of channel data may contain pilot signal which could be used for tracing during their reading. n conform to condition of a 2 and n 1. It is better that n m, for example, n 10. EFFECT: increased functional capabilities. 11 dwg


The present study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium among school children of ages 5 to 16 years in Afikpo North L.G.A. of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study was carried out between February 2016 and January 2017. Urine samples were analyzed in the laboratory using the sedimentation and centrifugation technique. Of 504 persons (250 males and 254 females) that were randomly selected and screened for S. haematobium infection, 20 (3.97 %) were found to be infected. The intensity of infection was greater in males (n=12; 2.38 %) than in the females (n =8; 1.59 %). The sex of an individual was not statistically associated with the prevalence of S. haematobium. The highest prevalence rate of S. haematobium was recorded in the age bracket of 14 -16 yrs. 7 (1.39 %) while the least prevalent was recorded among the 5 – 7 yrs.2 (0.40 %). There is no significant relationship between the age and the prevalence of S. haematobium (p> 0.05). No case of infection was found in the pupils using boreholes and rain water. The highest prevalence with respect to the source of water was in pupils using the stream 15(2.98%). There was a significant relationship between the source of water and the prevalence of S. haematobium. Additionally, there was no significant relationship between occupation of the parents and the prevalence of S. haematobium (p> 0.05). The results reveal that the prevalence of S. haematobium is not location specific, but there is a need to integrate the control of snails to reduce the prevalence of S. haematobium in Afikpo North L.G.A. Ebonyi State.


Nitrazepam (Mogadon), a benzodiazepine compound, chemically related to diazepam (Valium) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is a recently introduced sleep-inducing agent. Other studies (Baum et al., 1965; Fraser and Shepherd, 1966), found it to be both safe and effective. It is thought to induce sleep by "shielding the brain centre responsible for waking from emotioned stimuli", and is therefore of particular interest for psychiatric illness. This study is a clinical comparison with sodium amylobarbitone, using a double-blind cross-over technique.


Each cyclic voltammogram for the reduction of [Ru(bpm)3]2+ (bpm=2,2′-bipyrimidine) and [Ru(bpm)L2]2+ (L=2,2′-bipyridine and dimethyl derivatives) exhibits three reversible one-electron steps. The relation between the half-wave potentials of the complexes and those of ligands suggests that the lowest redox orbital of [Ru(bpm)L2]2+ should be localized on a single bpm molecule.


Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful predictive technique that can provide detailed description for airflow and heat transfer within buildings with natural or mechanical ventilations, and it is extensively used for both design and research purposes in building engineering. The primary aim of this work is to gain insights regarding energy consumption in common residential buildings by means of CFD simulations. In this work, CFD simulations of turbulent airflow and heat transfer are performed to predict the energy consumption in a typical residential building. The airflow field is obtained by solving the Navier‐Stokes equations with the standard k‐e model and the heat transfer field is obtained by solving the energy equation. Commercial software, FLUENT, is used in this study. The numerical results are compared with the measured data for energy consumption.


Data Distribution Service (DDS) is a communication middleware that supports a flexible, scalable and real-time communication capability. This paper describes several techniques to improve the performance of DDS middleware. Detailed events for the internal behavior of the middleware are defined. A DDS message is disassembled into several submessages of independent, meaningful units for event-driven structuring in order to reduce the processing complexity. The proposed technique of history cache management is also described. It utilizes the fact that status access and random access to the history cache occur more frequently in the DDS. These methods have been implemented in the EchoDDS, the DDS implementation developed by our team, and it showed improved performance.


This essay introduced what the information technology is and its social function entirely and accurately. And on this the author clarified a series of influences that the information technology acted on gender divide work, including working, living, education and war and so on. Then aiming at the equality and melting of gender divide work, in this essay the author came up with some countermeasures.


We developed and simulated a systems model of the population of military personnel and veterans affected by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Simulation results fit the historical data on PTSD prevalence in 2000-2014, and forecast the trends for the next decade under several scenarios of US involvement in future wars. Using the model, we tested the effects on PTSD prevalence and healthcare costs of four PTSD policies aimed at improving: 1) resiliency, 2) screening, 3) treatment, and 4) a combination of the three. Results showed that in a postwar period, there is no silver bullet for overcoming the problems of PTSD, and screening and treatment policies must be revolutionized to have any noticeable effect. One critical characteristic of this system is the long time that it takes, about 40 years, to vanquish the psychiatric consequences of a war. In a very optimistic scenario, estimated PTSD prevalence among veterans in 2025 will be at least 10%.


An online programming tutoring and assessment system is described, and the results of a preliminary study are presented. Ten students in an introductory C++ programming course used the system; both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and suggest that a future large-scale implementation will yield beneficial results


According to the characteristics of No.2 residential building engineering in Yingchunxinqu Area of Taiyuan City,this paper introduces the main control contents in water-supply and drainage engineering of this building,such as the control of approaching material quality,the control of construction process and the control of completion acceptance.


We present experimental and numerical results of current-driven magnetization switching in magnetic tunnel junctions. The experiments show that, for MgO-based magnetic tunnelling junctions, the tunnelling magnetoresistance ratio is as large as 155% and the intrinsic switching current density is as low as 1.1 × 106 A cm−2. The thermal effect and current pulse width on spin-transfer magnetization switching are explored based on the analytical and numerical calculations. Three distinct switching modes, thermal activation, dynamic reversal, and precessional process, are identified within the experimental parameter space. The switching current distribution, write error, and read disturb are discussed based on device design considerations. The challenges and requirements for the successful application of spin-transfer torque as the write scheme in random access memory are addressed.


Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein(ZAG),present in human plasma and is secreted into many body fluids,has recently been classified as a novel adipokine which is produced and secreted by mature adipocyte.ZAG may act locally to influence adipose tissue,increasing lipid mobilization and utilization and interacting with other adipokines,which may induce insulin resisitance(IR).IR has been demonstrated make a great role in adiposis,metabolic syndrome,diabetes mellitus.The research of ZAG will provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of these metabolic diseases.


For members whose properties can be described in terms of one independent variable such as beams and columns, a new formulation of equations describing their elastic behavior is derived by expressing the characteristics of the twisted member in fixed coordinate system. This formulation leads to a reinterpretation of the lateral buckling of cantilevers of not-so-narrow rectangular cross sections, and to a unified approach to problems of transverse loading oblique to the principal axes of a cross section. Certain of the latter beams are found to have limiting loads analogous to the critical load associated with lateral buckling. However, the behavior of these members cannot be described as buckling since nonzero deflections and twist are predicted for all nonzero loads. In addition a limiting load dependent upon the sign of the load is found for cantilevers of angle cross section transversely loaded parallel to one leg.


Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) from unrelated donors mismatched (MMUD) at a single HLA-A, -B, -C, or -DRB1 locus (7/8) were previously reported to be associated with lower overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), higher treatment-related mortality (TRM), and more acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared to 8/8 matched unrelated (MUD) allografts. Despite these risks, 7/8 MMUD grafts remain a viable option for alloSCT, particularly in patients who lack suitable donors or in those with aggressive hematologic malignancies for whom the risks of disease progression due to delays in identifying optimal donors is offset in part by the benefits of earlier transplantation with a 7/8 MMUD alloHCT. According to the published experience of post-transplant cyclophophamide (PTCy) in the context of haploidentical alloSCT, this GVHD prophylaxis strategy could potentialy overcome the detrimental effect of a single-locus HLA MMUD.
 Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 72 consecutive adult patients (median age 53y, range 18-69) who received 7/8 MMUD (n=44) or 8/8 MUD (N=28) alloSCT with PTCy in our institution. Unrelated donor selection was performed according to standard criteria, including high resolution typing for alleles at HLA-A, -B, -Cw, DRB1 and DQB1. For those patients in whom an 8/8 HLA-matched related or unrelated donor was not available, a search was performed based on a single HLA-mismatch.
 Results: Acute myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemia accounted for 51% of all hematologic diseases, myelodisplastic syndrome for 17%, chronic lymphoproliferative or myeloproliferative disorders for 28%, and severe aplastic anemia for 4%. Disease Risk Index (DRI) was intermediate in 51%, high 16% and very high 6%. Forty-four percent of patients had a HCT-CI ≥3. All patients, except 6 have received peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). Fludarabine-based conditioning regimens were used in all patients (fludarabine-busulphan in 61%); of them, myeloablative (MAC) in 34 patients (47%) and RIC in 38 (53%). GVHD prophylaxis consisted on PTCy 50mg/kg IV on days 3 and 4 after transplant followed by one (tacrolimus or mycophenolate mofetil, MMF) (n=62, 86%) or 2 (n=10, 14%) immunossuppresor drugs. All but two patients engrafted and the median time to neutrophil (>500/mL) and platelet (>20,000/mL) recovery were 18 days (range 11-30) and 18 days (10-47), respectively. Thirteen patients (18%) developed an invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis, 20 (27%) had severe bacterial infection, 40 (56%) CMV reactivation, 5 (7%) cytomegalic disease and 3 EBV reactivation. The cumulative incidences of 1-year TRM, 100-days acute grade II-IV, 100-days grade III-IV GHVD, and 1-year moderate-severe chronic GHVD were 19%, 24%, 13%, and 11%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of relapse at 1-year was 16%. After a median follow-up for surviving patients of 12 months (2-60), 2-year OS, DFS, and survival free of moderate/severe chronic GVHD and relapse (cGRFS) were 64%, 61%, and 49%, respectively. Univariate analysis of variables that could influence OS, PFS, and cGRFS, including age, donor/patient sex, comorbidity, DRI, conditioning type, 1 vs. 2 immunosuppressors, and HLA 7/8 vs. 8/8 did not show any statistical differences. At 6 and 12 months after alloSCT, 42% and 73% of patients alive and without relapse were free of immunosuppressor drugs and prednisone.
 Conclusions: This study suggests that PTCy after unrelated PBSC alloSCT results in a low incidence of acute and chronic GVHD with encouraging survival outcomes even in the context of 7/8 HLA-mismatched transplant. An immunosuppressive schema of intermediate intensity such as PTCy followed by single-agent tacrolimus may provide an adequate GVHD prophylaxis and could be a good alternative to ATG in both MMUD and MUD transplants. Confirmatory and comparative studies are warranted to examine the effect of this approach on alloSCT outcomes.

 Rosinol: Janssen, Celgene, Amgen, Takeda: Honoraria. Martinez:BMS: Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy.


Wang Anyis short stories in the late 1990s mainly focus on her personal experiences as an educated youth in the days of the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). With deep affection, she eulogizes the beauty of sensibility and humanity of the people in the Huaihe region, thereby building her own spiritual homeland. Her persistence and effort to seek and build a spiritual homeland in retrospection embody her deviation from the current unpleasant reality, which is not an exception in literary creation. The basic reason for her being able to build the spiritual homeland lies in the appreciation of beauty from a distance".


(i) A 59-year-old Caucasian male presented at the casualty department complaining of pricking in the right eye. Symptoms were caused by a marginal infiltrate and this resolved on conventional therapy. A recurrence one month later also responded well. Each cornea presented an arcus senilis and, in the zone ofstroma affected by the arcus, an additional opacity could be seen. This was identical in each eye, and took the form of a striking, narrow, dense white ring in the stroma, passing forwards as a band from Descemet's to Bowman's membrane (Fig. l).


This work aimed to estimate general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability and reciprocal crosses (RC) effects on rabbit growth performance attributes from weaning to marketing to recognize the best suitable crossbred for rabbit breeder to use in rabbit meat production under Egyptian circumstances. A total of 123 male (59) and female (64) rabbits represents three breeds and their diallel crosses were used in this study. The pure breeds were New Zealand White (N), Papillon (P) and Flemish Giant (F). The six crossbreeds were NF, NP, FP, FN, PN, PF. The growth performance attributes were body weights at 4 (BW4), 8 (BW8) and 12 (BW12) weeks of age, daily weight gain between 4 and 8 weeks (DG4-8), 8 and 12 weeks (DG8-12) and between 4 and 12 weeks (DG4-12) and relative growth rate (RG) at the same interval ages (RG4-8, RG8-12 and RG4-12). The present results showed positive interrelationship among all body weight traits. However, BW8 was highly correlated with DG at all studied ages (r=0.61 to 0.91). There is highly negative correlation between BW4 and RG at 4-8wks and 4-12 wks of age. The genotype had significant effect on body weight at 8 and 12 weeks of age. N rabbits were recorded to be the heaviest breed at weaning (4 weeks), while PN and FN crosses were recorded to be the heaviest rabbits at market (12 weeks). Genetic groups were found to had highly significant effect on DG and RG, during all intervals age. On the other hand, effect of sex on BW, DG and RG of growing rabbits were not significant at studied intervals. Insignificant effect for GCA, SCA and RC on BW were recorded at different ages, except for the reciprocal cross effect at 12 weeks of age. The NP crossbred seemed to be the best cross combination in improving of BW. GCA, SCA and RC had significant effect (P < 0.05 or 0.001) on DG and RG. FN crossbred was found to be the best 200 KARIMAN FARG et al. genetic group among all crosses for DG and RG. Conclusively, the results obtained in present study suggested that Papillon is a promising breed in crossbreeding program regarding growth performance traits. Crossing of New Zealand White as a sire breed with Papillon as a dam breed, NP, would be recommended over other crosses to improve marketing weight in rabbits. However, Crossing of Flemish Giant as a sire breed with New Zealand White as a dam breed, FN, would be recommended over other crosses to improve growth rates in rabbits especially in case of marketing rabbits at constant weight to save time and cost.


Largetooth sawfish, Pristis microdon measuring 520 cm in total length and 600 kg in weight was caught by a trawler off Mangalore from a depth of 50-60 m and brought to Mangalore Fisheries Harbour on 04-03-2005.


This article traces the religious roots of American family law and the way that those roots still impact possibilities for and reaction to reform of law and the ways in which they shape contemporary politics in the United States. Traditional or fundamentalist religious conceptions of the family are incompatible with the three significant "revolutions" in social and cultural attitudes about women and gender equality that occurred in the United States during the latter part of the 20th century: the gender equality revolution; the sexual revolution; and the no-fault divorce revolution. As the changes in attitudes and behavior associated with these social movements were codified into laws governing the family, opposition and backlash have emerged. Today there are two ways in which this resistance is mobilized: the "Value Voter," whose influence in politics has greatly increased, particularly in the 2004 elections, and the social and academic movement known as the "Marriage Movement." The Marriage Movement is made up of religious conservatives, but also includes secular advocates for bringing back a more stable, less divorce friendly family.


BELL, E.J. & GRIST, N.R. (1970a) Further studies of enterovirus infections in cardiac disease and pleurodynia. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2, 1. BELL, E.J. & GRIST, N.R. (1970b) Echovirus, carditis and acute pleurodynia. Lancet, i, 326. GRIST, N.R. (1966) Viral cardiomyopathy. In: Symposium: Disorders of the Heart and Circulation, p. 117. Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh. GRIST, N.R. & BELL, E.J. (1969) Coxsackie viruses and the heart. American Heart Journal, 77, 295. LEVI, G.F. & PROTO, C. (1971) Coxsackie virus heart disease. Lancet, i, 298. ROSE, G. (1966) Errors in the classification of fatal pericarditis. Lancet, ii. 851.


Much conceptual and empirical literature on attachment theory and research has been published since Bowlby's pioneering work in the field, which spanned four decades starting in the 1940s. Unfortunately for clinicians, however, most of the famous figures in the attachment field include researchers such as Ainsworth, Main, Sroufe, Hesse, Fonagy, and others. It is only in more recent times that the findings from attachment research have been applied to clinical practice, beginning with psychoanalysts such as Lichtenberg, Beebe, and Lachmann, who come from contemporary self psychology, or couple and family therapists such as Solomon and Johnson. Wallin's book contributes new insights and dimensions to this body of literature, integrating attachment theory, mentalization, relational and intersubjectivity theories, and principles of mindfulness meditation. While Wallin, a psychologist practicing in California, is himself not a trained analyst, he is familiar enough with analytic concepts based on relational theory, Bollas's object relations theory and the concept of the "unthought known," and self psychology, to integrate them in his book in an accessible, clear manner. Wallins opens the book with an overview of attachment theory, and continues with Main's adult attachment interview, and her concept of metacognition related to Bowlby's notion of mental representations. Following Ainsworth's experiment of the Strange Situation, where she observed children from the ages of 6–18 months and their behaviors around separation and reunion from their mothers, Main et al. developed the Adult attachment Interview, designed to assess adults' states of mind around attachment,


Silicone rubber (SiR) is an important insulating material in high-voltage cable accessories. Electrical tree is a typical electrical aging inside SiR insulation and will cause breakdown when it reaches the ground. The tree characteristics may be changed by the cryogenic temperature because of the changing physicochemical properties. Besides, at temperatures above 273 K, addition of nanoparticles into SiR has been proved to have the effect of improving insulating properties. However, the effect of temperature and nanoparticles from 273 to 77 K under repetitive pulse voltage has not been researched. In this paper, the samples were prepared by mixing nano-SiO2 into liquid SiR and the proportion was set to be 0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 2.0 wt%, respectively. The experiment temperature was set to be 243, 213, 183, and 77 K. Repetitive pulse voltage was employed to generate electrical trees between the needle-plate electrodes. The growing process of electrical tree was recorded by a microscope system and pictures were captured. The experiment results indicated that both the cryogenic temperature and nanoparticles influence the treeing process in SiR/SiO2 nanocomposites.


High-throughput methods of protein interaction analysis have resulted in an abundance of data that requires complex computational approaches to interpret. We attempt to extract biological meaning from the topology of a protein-protein interaction graph. We describe an algorithm for finding interesting motifs within the graph and then describe our limited success at deriving biological meaning from the results.


Tropical peatlands hold about 15%–19% of the global peat carbon (C) pool of which 77% is stored in the peat swamp forests (PSFs) of Southeast Asia. Nonetheless, these PSFs have been drained, exploited for timber and land for agriculture, leading to frequent fires in the region. The physico‐chemical characteristics of peat, as well as the hydrology of PSFs are affected after a fire, during which the ecosystem can act as a C source for decades, as C emissions to the atmosphere exceed photosynthesis. In this work, we studied the longer‐term impact of fires on C cycling in tropical PSFs, hence we quantified the magnitude and patterns of C loss (CO2, CH4 and dissolved organic carbon) and soil‐water quality characteristics in an intact and a degraded burnt PSF in Brunei Darussalam affected by seven fires over the last 40 years. We used natural tracers such as 14C to investigate the age and sources of C contributing to ecosystem respiration (Reco) and CH4, while we continuously monitored soil temperature and water table (WT) level from June 2017 to January 2019. Our results showed a major difference in the physico‐chemical parameters, which in turn affected C dynamics, especially CH4. Methane effluxes were higher in fire‐affected areas (7.8 ± 2.2 mg CH4 m−2 hr−1) compared to the intact PSF (4.0 ± 2.0 mg CH4 m−2 hr−1) due to prolonged higher WT and more optimal methanogenesis conditions. On the other hand, we did not find significant differences in Reco between burnt (432 ± 83 mg CO2 m−2 hr−1) and intact PSF (359 ± 76 mg CO2 m−2 hr−1). Radiocarbon analysis showed overall no significant difference between intact and burnt PSF with a modern signature for both CO2 and CH4 fluxes implying a microbial preference for the more labile C fraction in the peat matrix.


Through monitoring the change in conductivity during the hydrolysis of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(KH550) and using FT-IR spectroscopy,the optimum conditions for the hydrolysis of KH550 were investigated.Wet silica gel from which the physisorbed water was removed by azeotropic distillation or rapid solvent replacement was treated with KH550.The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),di-n-butylphthalate(DBP) oil absorption,laser particle size analysis and contact angle measurements in order to investigate the effect of modification.The results showed that the contact angle of the modified silica increased,and the DBP absorption value significantly increased by more than 70% compared to the unmodified products.The pore volume was twice that of the unmodified silica.The amount of products in the organic phase also increased significantly.The azeotropic distillation method for wet gel modification afforded more hydrophobic silica than the solvent replacement method,and the contact angle between modified silica and water reached as high as 140°.The optimal conditions for silica modification involved a modifier mass fraction of 17.5% of the weight of silica and the use of azeotropic distillation.


The wake of a three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine was studied at aerodynamic conditions similar to what is experienced by commercially available turbines. Field relevant Reynolds numbers and tip speed ratios were obtained through the use of a high-pressure wind tunnel, at relatively low velocities. Measurements of the streamwise velocity were acquired through the use of the novel nano-scale thermal anemometry probe (NSTAP), which yields very high spatial and temporal resolution, enabling unattenuated turbulence measurements. Profiles of the mean velocity and turbulent fluctuations are presented, as they demonstrate important features of the wake development, such as wake recovery and tip vortex evolution. One dimensional energy spectra are also presented to provide details on the dominant flow features present in the wake. Reynolds number invariance is shown for mean velocity deficit and streamwise variance profiles for all downstream positions presented. Downstream evolution of streamwise variance profiles provides insight to the dynamic interactions between the tip and root vortex, such as their eventual coalescence. Spectral analysis show that the near wake flow-structures are dominated by the tip vortex, but that other larger structures are present as well, which may be related to the wake meandering phenomenon.


Composition and some functional implications in aquatic macroinvertebrates at the head creek Los Alisos placed in west of Firavitoba town -Boyaca department is presented. During August and September 2016, we taken two samples. Functional feeding groups and biological traits from bibliographic information were determinate, finding 7 feeding mechanisms and 19 biological traits. 2688 individuals were recollected of which are 3 phylum, 6 class, 11 orders, 21 families and 14 genera where the highest relative abundance are Hyalella genus (Amphipoda) (20.3 %). The trophic group detritivores-collectors or deposit consumers (C2) is the most common in the system (68.2 %), which suggests that dominate by fine particulate organic material (FPOM). The gill respiration is the most frequent because it occurs in 12 of the 22 taxonomic groups with 54.5 %. Tarsal hooks (GA) have the most organisms (54.5 %) that can be eventually used counter flow strength. Almost all organisms studied walk or crawl (AR, 68.2 %) using a variety of habitats as substrates. The life stories flexibility and mobility that show the characteristics of taxonomic groups found in the Los Alisos creek can influence how they get their food.


Throughout the Mesozoic, shallow-water carbonate ramps and platforms of the circumequatorial Tethyan Ocean were characterized by extensive development of reef ecosystems, especially during times of eustatic highstand, expansion of the Tropics, and warm equable global climates. The greatest reef development was north of the paleoequator in the Caribbean and Indo-Mediterranean provinces. These reefs and associated debris facies comprise major petroleum reservoirs, in some cases with remarkable porosity and permeability normally attributed to a combination of sedimentologic, tectonic, and diagenetic factors. The biological evolution of Mesozoic reefs also has had an important, and in some cases dominant, role in determining reservoir quality. Three major biological factors are critical to mesozoic reef-associated reservoir development: (1) the replacement/competitive displacement of coral-algal dominated, highly integrated reef ecosystems by loosely packed rudistid bivalve-dominated reef ecosystems in the Barremian-Albian; (2) the evolution of dominantly aragonitic, highly porous shells among framework-building rudistids in the middle and Late Cretaceous; and (3) competitive strategies among rudistids that effectively prevented widespread biological binding of Cretaceous reefs, leading to the production of large marginal fans that comprise major carbonate reservoirs. Detailed studies of these evolutionary trends in reef/framework development and of the distribution of different groups of bioconstructors on reefs leadmore » to predictive modeling for primary and secondary porosity development in mesozoic carbonate reservoirs. The competitive displacement of coral-algal communities by rudistids on Cretaceous reefs was so effective that, even after Maastrichtian mass extinction of rudistids and other important groups comprising Mesozoic reef/carbonate platform ecosystems, coral-algal reef-building communities did not evolve again until the late Eocene.« less


A search is performed for heavy metastable particles that decay into jet pairs with a macroscopic lifetime (cτ∼1  cm) in pp¯ collisions at s√=1.96  TeV using data from the CDF II detector at Fermilab corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.2  fb−1. To estimate the standard model background, a data-driven approach is used. Probability-density functions are constructed to model secondary vertices from known processes. No statistically significant excess is observed above the background. Limits on the production cross section in a hidden valley benchmark phenomenology are set for various Higgs boson masses as well as metastable particle masses and lifetimes.


The SPI, Spectrometer aboard the ESA INTEGRAL satellite, to be launched in 2002, will study the gamma ray sky in the 20 keV to 8 MeV energy band with a spectral resolution of 2 keV for photons of 1 MeV thanks to its 19 germanium detectors. A coded mask imaging technique provides a 2/spl deg/ angular resolution. An active BGO veto shield is used for background rejection. After the integration and test campaigns at CNES in Toulouse, the flight model of SPI has undergone a one month pre-launch calibration campaign at the CEA center of Bruye/spl grave/res le Cha/spl circ/tel, using an accelerator for homogeneity measurements and high activity radioactive sources for imaging performance measurements. After presentation of the scientific goals and the different detector components, we report on the SPI measurement campaigns. We emphasize the methods used to achieve a good timing alignment using the digital front end electronics and present first detector performance and imaging capabilities.


In order to establish a proper finite element model of prototype RC girder with sand cushion for impact response analysis, dynamic response analysis of RC girder with sand cushion subjected to falling weight impact force was performed to improve the state of the art of protective design for real scale rock-sheds by using LS-DYNA code. An applicability of proposed model was discussed comparing with experimental results (e.g. impact force, reaction force, and displacement waves). From this study, it is seen that the dynamic characteristics of impact response can be better simulated by using the proposed model.


During the Ιnterwar period, the port of Piraeus was the main migration and refugee gathering point in Greece. In its refugee and working-class neighbourhoods, a genre of music blossomed, widely known as rebetiko. Attempting to achieve a socio-spatial interpretation of rebetiko, we shall explore connections between the evolution of urban popular music and the places where it flourished. We shall focus on two different examples, Drapetsona and Nea Kokkinia, in order to cast light on the way rebetiko – as a part of the popular culture – emerged from a nexus of social practices and experiences of the working-class refugee strata.


Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) explained how familiar
task is easier to finish for its low utilization of short-term
memory. This study aims to discover the role of task familiarity
in multitasking: why novel task is harder to multitask with other,
and whether if multitasking can be trained or learned by high
exposure to multitasking condition. Using quasi-experimental
design with reading comprehension skill as benchmark, the
results show that subjects doing familiar task showed better
reading comprehension skill (F
(1,86)
=10.317


Lianping huangniushi nature reserve was studied.By means of SWOT,this thesis gives a thorough analysis on strengths,weakness,opportunities and challenges of lianping huangniushi nature reserve developing ecotourism.Based on the advantages and disadvantages,this thesis brings up the developmental measures for the lianping huangniushi nature reverse how to develop ecotourism.


Instantaneous normal modes are classified by their one-dimensional potential energy profiles, U(q), into single well (SW), double well (DW), and shoulder potential (SH) modes. It is proposed that the resulting three-flavor description replace the current two-flavor division into real or imaginary frequency modes, and that the DW modes replace Im ω in theories of diffusion. Calculations of the three-flavor densities of states are presented for normal and supercooled liquid CS2, and the self-diffusion constant, D(T), is related to the DW modes. Indicators of strength/fragility are given based on the relative numbers of different mode types, and indicators of harmonicity are constructed by comparison of simulated instantaneous normal modes properties with the predictions of the harmonic approximation. It is found that the SW modes are harmonic in an intermediate Re ω range 20 ps−1>ω>2.5 ps−1, and the anharmonicity at high and low ω is explained in terms of the potential energy "landscape." DW modes are remar...


Dr Roger's interesting patient adds further support to the hypothesis that specific tissues (i.e., optic nerve, specific central nervous system tissues, oxidative skeletal muscle, heart, liver, kidney) are preferentially affected in patients with putative defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism (oxidative phosphorylation) 12, 5-71, However, the application of the term Leber's dhease may be misleading in reference to the optic atrophy of D r Roger's patient. This desigtlation implies bilateral optic atrophy and a matrilineal mode of inheritance {4 , 5 , 81. For Dr Roger's patient the inheritance pattern is unknown. At this time, we believe it is unwise to presume that a particular phenotype is associated with a specific inheritance pattern. The enzyme complexes of oxidative phosphorylation are composed of multiple polypeptides, some encoded in the nucleus and others encoded in the mitochondrial D N A {6 f . Consequently, gene mutations showing either a mendelian or maternal { 1, 31 mode of inheritance could result in the same enzyme deficiency and lead to similar symptoms.


Professor Grunbaum has a number of kind things to say about my analysis of reflexive predictions. All of these I much appreciate. After saying them he turns his attention, quite properly, to the issue which divides us. I shall do likewise. Grunbaum and I appear to be engaged in a polite exercise of talking past each other. The issue between us is elusive. And it is so largely because we appear to be in disagreement as to "the precise sense of Merton's denial of the existence of selfstultifying predictions among predictions about the world of nature." (p. 370) And even this formulation of Griinbaum's may further muddy the waters. For neither I nor Merton is interested in denying the existence of such predictions. A prediction of the quantity of next year's wheat crop may well be a prediction "about the world of nature." The crucial question, as I see it, is not what the prediction is about. A prediction is self-stultifying in a sense which qualifies it as what I call a "reflexive prediction" in virtue of the causal mechanisms which mediate between the event which is the issuance of that prediction and the non-occurrence of the event predicted. If these causal mechanisms involve that people come to believe the prediction, if their holding such beliefs is a necessary or at least a non-redundant element in the set of conditions for the prediction's failure-then it is reflexive and self-stultifying. The subject matter of the prediction, what it is "about," is irrelevant here. Indeed the subject matter could very well be the behavior of missiles. The use of the expressions "physical prediction" and "social prediction" serves to obscure this same issue. That a prediction is physical or social, in the sense of its subject matter, guarantees nothing about its capacity to qualify as reflexive. Debate over Merton's intentions is perhaps idle. I took him to be setting forth a sensible claim, which he then erroneously abandoned in the light of Grunbaum's counter-example. In his "Comments" Grunbaum appears to take Merton's claim as one which is indefensible on the face of it. Consider an automatic sprinkling system for fire protection, equipped with Monel metal plugs which melt as soon as a fire gets started. This melting of the Monel metal plugs seems to be, in Griinbaum's sense, a "bona fide advance indicator" of approaching conflagration. Such melting could have an epistemic use, which must indeed be distinguished from its status as a mere physical indicator. If the system is working properly the melting of the plugs will be followed by an outpouring of water (or foaming chemical), and the fire will be extinguished. But here surely we have "the existence in a purely physical context of advance information or predictions [in a non-epistemic sense, of course] which are causally relevant to a contrary outcome ..." (p. 370). It is hard to believe that Grunbaum supposed Merton's denial to entail the claim that such well-known devices as automatic sprinkling systems do not exist. Yet he now seems so to construe that denial. It is even harder to believe that Merton would wish to be so construed. In any event, I did not so understand him. In the light of Merton's examples of self-fulfilling and self-frustrating prophecies I took him to hold, as I do, that in such cases the holding of a predictive belief must be causally relevant to the occurrence or non-occurrence of what is predicted. Thus when he accepted Griinbaum's counter-example I supposed that he saw the missile's behavior as, in


The workshop will focus on the challenges of service design for social innovation. Starting from the participants experience in research, practice/action research and education, the workshop will be aimed at brainstorming about which skills, methods and role could respond to the weaknesses of design pointed out by different actors working within the field of social innovation.


The objective of this study was to develop a transdermal delivery system for zidovudine (AZT). The pharmacokinetic characteristics and the potential toxicity associated with this drug when administered through perorul route make it a suitable candidate for transdermal delivery. Selection of appropriate vehicle cowosition is an important step in optimizing the transdermal delivery (Sathyan et al., 1995). Vehicles mod@ topical bioavailability: (a) by virtue of a higher thermodynamic activity of the drug in the solvent and (b) by affecting the barrier properties of the study, in-vitro permeation of AZT through rat skin was studied to identify a suitable delivery vehicle. A saturated solution of the drug in water, propylene glycol, and ethanol and their mixtures were evaluated. Further, the effect of these solvents on slun permeation properties would be explained using


The thermal spraying of metallic coating (zinc, Zn-Al15, etc.) from wire is suitable technique for surface treatment corrosion protection of large structures. This study was carried out to investigate and evaluate the properties of zinc coatings affected by spraying techniques - heated by electrical arc or flame. The panels with different coatings were exposed at atmospheric and accelerated tests. The article gives the overall evaluation of properties of these coatings.


With post-genomic era coming,genomics has been expanded from structural genomics to functional genomics.Expressed sequence tag(EST) is a rapid and efficient approach to discover the functional information of genome.The application of EST in the study of functional genomics of parasitology was reviewed in this paper.


The motion of a few electrons in a three-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential under the influence of a homogeneous magnetic field of arbitrary direction is studied. The ground state of the Fermi system is obtained by minimizing the total energy with regard to the confining frequencies. From this a dependence of the equilibrium shape on the electron number, the magnetic field parameters and the slab thickness is found.


A 2.8 m long quasi-periodic APPLE II type undulator has been commissioned at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) for the Electron Spectro-Microscopy (ESM) beamline in the framework of the NEXT (NSLS-II Experimental Tools) project [1]. It provides high brilliance photon beams in circularly and linearly polarized radiation from VUV to soft X-Rays. The mechanical structure implemented to achieve the quasi-periodicity in the magnetic field profile is described together with the optimization techniques utilized to correct the undesirable phase-dependent errors. The final magnetic results are presented as well as the spectral performance of the device. Although this EPU (Elliptically Polarizing Undulator) was procured as a turn-key device, the vendor was only responsible for the mechanical frame and the control system. Sorting and assembly of the magnet modules and the magnetic field tuning Virtual Shimming and Magic Finger were performed at the NSLS-II Magnetic Measurement Lab. MAGNETIC AND MECHANICAL STRUCTURE The magnetic structure of EPU105 is configured as four Halbach arrays in four adjacent quadrants. The support structure is equipped with four translation units for the polarization control (linear, circular, and elliptical). The period length (λ) is 105 mm and the minimum magnetic gap of the device is 16 mm. The main magnet dimensions are 34 mm (H) x 34 mm (V) x 26.25 mm (L). The remanence of the NdFeB magnets is 1.25 T. The longitudinal air-gap between the magnets is 50 μm and the gap between the magnet arrays is 1 mm. The full length of the magnetic core is 2654.25 mm, excluding girder movement and the trim magnet holders. The device has two different types of terminations, both composed of one vertically magnetized full block, two vertically magnetized half blocks and four horizontally magnetized half blocks. The end section configuration block width and the space between blocks is optimized to minimize trajectory steering and field integrals. A NEG-coated vacuum chamber with current strip corrections used for dynamic field integral correction is employed [2]. ESM EPU105 is a quasi-period undulator (QPU). The Quasi-Periodicity (Q-P) is obtained by modulating the magnetic field amplitude along the length of the device. This is achieved by vertical displacement of Bmagnets (blocks magnetized longitudinally) at six specific locations. In order to reduce the magnetic field strength at those locations the standard magnet holders were replaced with special holders that displace the magnets vertically by 13 mm with respect to the mid-plane, as shown in Fig. 1. Figure 1: Magnet holders for the Q-P configuration. During the assembly process only those magnets with longitudinal magnetization are shifted in order to minimize the deleterious effects of the Q-P adjustment on the first and second magnetic field integrals. Figure 2 shows the measured magnetic field on-axis and the 3 GeV electron trajectory in the horizontal plane at the minimum gap and phase 0. Figure 2: Measured vertical magnetic field on axis (left) and horizontal trajectory (right) in the Q-P configuration. The quasi-periodicity in the magnetic field profile was introduced in order to modify the properties of the emitted photon beam a reduction in intensity and shift in energy of the higher harmonics compared to the fundamental. Because of the shift in energy the higher harmonics are no longer proportional to an integer multiple of the fundamental energy, which drastically reduces the amount of unwanted higher harmonic radiation transmitted through the monochromator in the ESM beamline. Quasi-periodic undulators were originally proposed as a method to reduce contamination from high order spectral harmonics where optical filtering is not possible or convenient [3]. -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 Ve rti ca l M ag ne tic F ie ld [T ] -2000 -1000


Type of funding sources: None.

 The optimal timing for pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in asymptomatic patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) remains uncertain but is often guided by imaging characterization of the right ventricle. As cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performance is an accessible prognostic indicator, we assessed which CPET parameters best correlate with pulmonary regurgitation severity to potentially improve identification of high-risk patients.

 A retrospective chart review was done from 2009 to 2018 on adult patients with repaired TOF who underwent maximal effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing with cycle ergometry and with concurrent pulmonary function testing. Demographics, standard measures of CPET interpretation, and major cardiovascular outcomes were collected.

 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed in 54 adult repaired TOF patients (59% male), with a mean follow-up of 60 ± 33 months. The mean age was 34 ± 9 years. 30 patients (56%) had severe pulmonary regurgitation and 26 patients (48%) were submitted to PVR, with a 0% mortality rate. PVR was performed a mean 28 ± 7 years after TOF repair surgery. There was moderate to severe right ventricular dysfunction in 11 patients (20%). 12 patients (22%) had a hospitalization for heart failure. Arrhythmic events occurred in 9 patients (17%), mainly atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (67%). 2 patients (4%) received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death.
 Peak VO2 consumption (pVO2) showed no statistically significant correlation with severity of pulmonary regurgitation (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.879-1.036, p= 0.262) or PVR (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.829-1.028, p = 0.914), while percent of predicted pVO2 significantly correlated with severity of pulmonary regurgitation (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.918-0.993, p = 0.020) and PVR (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.886-0.992, p = 0.025).
 VE/VCO2 slope was not a significant predictor of severity of pulmonary regurgitation (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.929-1.130, p = 0.622) or PVR (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.952-1.128, p = 0.414) or) and neither cardiorespiratory optimal point (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.786-1.120, p = 0.480) nor maximum end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2) (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.846-1.037, p = 0.213) correlated with severity of pulmonary regurgitation or PVR.

 Percent of predicted peak VO2 had the highest predictive power of all CPET parameters analysed in adult repaired TOF patients. Preoperative CPET could be an accessible way to identify high-risk patients earlier for PVR and should therefore be included in the routine assessment of these patients.


In an age when so many mainline congregations are dwindling in membership, or have had to merge with another church to stay alive, or closed their doors all together, why do you suppose College Hill Presbyterian Church is still here? And not only still here, but in my humble opinion such a vibrant and relevant congregation? There are many answers to that question, of course, including our particular ministry of inclusion, hospitality, justice and compassion. I would venture to add that it also has a lot to do with the fact that throughout its 102 year history, this congregation has chosen to respond in dynamic ways to constant change:


The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) on left ventricular (LV) remodelling after for ST‐elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).


Surf, snow, wind, and whitewater provide natural resources for adventure tourism. Both the resources themselves, and access for tourism, are dependent on weather and hence are affected by climate change. For some adventure tourism subsectors (e.g., skiing and snowboarding) the industry has already responded to climate change, along with other pressures, by changing its geography and business models. In most subsectors, commercial tour operators perceive themselves as affected by short-term extreme weather events, and climate change models are not yet precise enough to predict how these will change over the short time horizons of tourism business planning. Some particular subsectors, however, can provide early warning indicators of industry responses to climate change. These include: heliskiing and heliboarding; professional big-wave surfing; and whitewater rafting and kayaking on snow melt, monsoon rainfall, or dam-release water flows. These responses may be detected through multiparameter models of visitor numbers and the geography of preferred sites or, more immediately, from the perceptions of commercial tourism operators involved in these subsectors.


The purpose of this paper is to determine the significant effect of discipline and motivation variables together on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. And also to find out the discipline and motivation which is the dominant influence on employee performance at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. While the usefulness of writing is to provide information about discipline and motivation that can affect the performance of employees who can help leaders take policies to try to improve discipline and motivation so that there is an increase in employee performance and at the same time the performance of the Kutai Barat District Health Office at Sendawar itself.The correlation coefficient (R) is 0.9090 which means that the discipline and motivation variables together have a direct or positive relationship with the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. The value of R Squared (R2) is 0.8260 or 82.60%, which means that the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar can be determined by the variables of discipline and motivation. In other words, the contribution of discipline and employee motivation to the performance of employees at the Kutai Barat District Health Office at Sendawar was 82.60%. While the remaining 17.40% is determined by other variables outside of this study.While the influence of each variable, namely the discipline variable (X1) has an effect on employee performance of 56.20%, while the motivation variable (X2) has an effect on employee performance by 65.00%. So that it can be said that motivation is a variable that has a greater influence on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar. The first good hypothesis test can be accepted because F count is 135,145 and F table 3,170 which means F count> F table. Likewise, the second hypothesis can be accepted because it is proven that the influence motivation is greater on the performance of employees at the West Kutai District Health Office at Sendawar


The number of smart cities is increasing rapidly around the world with the continuous increase of governments' interest in exploiting Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to solve issues arising from rapid urbanization. Most smart city services rely fundamentally on ubiquitous sensing, enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies. However, WSNs in smart cities are naturally vulnerable to unavoidable external challenges like storms, fires, and other natural disasters. Such challenges pose a great threat to smart city infrastructure, including WSNs, as they might affect network connectivity or result in complete blockages of network services. However, some particular smart city services are critical, to the point where they must remain available in all situations, especially during disasters; to monitor the disaster and obtain sensory information needed for controlling it, limiting its danger, or for decision-making during rescue operations. Thus, it is crucial to design a smart-city network to maintain connectivity against such challenges. In this paper, we introduce MPResiSDN, a MultiPath Resilient routing system based on Software Defined Networking (SDN). The system introduced exploits SDN's capabilities and aided-multipath routing to reactively provide connectivity in smart city networks in the presence of challenges. We evaluated our proposed system under simulations of different natural disasters. The results demonstrate that the system improved data delivery under the challenges by as much as 100% compared to the Spanning Tree Protocol when a suitable value for k diverse paths was selected.


Using the Very Long Baseline Array at six epochs, we have observed H2O maser emission in the preplanetary nebula IRAS 19134+2131 (I19134), in which the H2O maser spectrum has two groups of emission features separated in radial velocity by ~100 km s-1. We also obtained optical images of I19134 with the Hubble Space Telescope to locate the bipolar reflection nebula in this source for the first time. The spatio-kinematical structure of the H 2O masers indicates the existence of a fast, collimated (precessing) flow having a projected extent of ~140 mas and an expansion rate of ~1.9 mas yr-1 on the sky plane, which gives a dynamical age of only ~40 yr. The two detected optical lobes are also separated by ~150 mas in almost the same direction as that of the collimated flow. The good agreement between the extent and orientation of the H2O maser outflow and optical lobes suggests that the lobes have been recently formed along the collimated fast flow. Thus, the circumstellar envelope around the evolved star has apparently been penetrated by the fast flow and has been cleared for the emergence of the starlight in the directions of the fast flow. The positions of all of the detected maser features have been measured with respect to the extragalactic reference source J1925+2106 over one year. Therefore, we analyzed maser feature motions that consist of the combination of an annual parallax, a secular motion following Galactic rotation, and the intrinsic motions within the flow. We obtain an annual-parallax distance to I19134 of D = 8.0 kpc and estimate its location in the Galaxy to be (R, θ, z) = (7.4 kpc, 62° ± 5°, 0.65 kpc). From the mean motion of the blueshifted and redshifted clusters of maser features, we estimate the three-dimensional (3D) secular motion of I19134 to be (VR,Vθ,Vz) = (3, 125, 8) km s-1. From the height from the Galactic plane, z, and the velocity component perpendicular to the Galactic plane, Vz, we estimate a rough upper limit of ~9 M☉ to the stellar mass of I19134's progenitor.


Endolithic, red unicells residing in the interior of Lithothamnion rhodoliths, collected offshore the NW Gulf of Mexico in mesophotic rhodolith beds at ∼54–55 m depth and maintained in closed microcosms, were used to establish cultures following their isolation. These endolithic unicells subsequently developed into amorphous blobs of palmelloid cell colonies. Each cell contains unstacked, 2–5 lobed parietal chloroplasts, one prominent central pyrenoid, and have a thin or thick cell wall. Single cells, or cell clusters (in pairs, tetrads, or up to 12) are embedded inside an extracellular matrix whose boundaries remain closely appressed to neighboring cell clusters. Cell division by concavo-convex division resulted in hemispherical cells subsequently expanding in size. Plastid tufA, psbA and 16S rDNA sequence analyses confirmed that the colonies are Rhodosorus marinus Geitler. This is the first report of a unicellular red alga spending part of its life history endolithically inside biogenic rhodoliths.


Extensive collections were made on the ce ntral ridge system at Fox Ridge State Park in Col=s County, Illinoi3. A liter�ture review of the work s on the genu� f.l�don.L:t in Norlh America encompas sed major taxonomic collections undertaken in the l�st 20 years. Also, a historical account on the developments in the Cl.��<?. rl�� S�ll:.<?.:�op.h�'=.,� complex are listed. Basic y_ladoni� morphol:>gy i3 de scribed, including both microscopic and macroscopic illustrations. The study area was subdivided on a grid system, enabling th<? collection sites to be numhered. The entire area was covered in two foot intervals. From every entity that was found, � of it was collected and identified. Fr om this study, a key to the C ladonia squarn:tl·�s of the area was compiled. A total of 19 species from the genus Cladonia were collected from the central portion of Fox Ridge. The location of each of the 3562 entities was plotted on a topogr·«phic distribution map of the area. The colle ction s were made from 92 collection sites, and the data for total numbers for each species was tabulated t o correspond with these collection sites. Five f.��do�i� species appeared common to the area. Five very Tare species for the area were recorded. The relative abund ance was determined for each species. An estimation of ground cover for each species w�s calcul�ted from the collecti on data. i.


New technology of the spherical annealing of alloy tool Steel 9SiCr and W18Cr4V under the effect of impulse electric field was studied. The result showed that the spherical annealing technology can be simplified relatively, while ensuring obtaining well spheroidal pearlitic organization,the heating and isothermal temperature may be cut down and the heat preservation time of spheroidizing annealing of alloy tool steel may be shortened.


The era of professional self regulation in medicine is over. In 2006, it was recognised in the UK Chief Medical Officer's report, 'Good doctors, Safer patients,' that an enhanced system of quality assurance and performance management of doctors was required, not only for the profession but to protect the safety of patients.1 From this developed a proposal for five-yearly revalidation of doctors, which is to have two elements, relicensing and recertification. The former, relicensing, began in November 2009. Doctors in the UK are required to hold a licence to practise, which sits alongside their General Medical Council (GMC) registration. Licensure is required by all doctors currently undertaking those professional activities that were previously restricted by law to doctors registered with the GMC.2 Relicensing is the process set up to demonstrate that doctors are practising in accordance with generic standards of practice broadly based upon the guidance provided by the GMC in Good Medical Practice.3

The purpose of this editorial is to bring into focus the requirements for recertification of those doctors practising Sport and Exercise Medicine in the UK. Before considering the specific requirements, it is important to understand that the purpose of revalidation is to ensure that doctors who are registered and have a licence to practise are up to …


Objective: To prove wheth er the levels of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) was lower in women experiencing premature rupture of membranes than in women with normal aterm pregnancy in order to explain occurrence of pregnancy premature rupture of membranes at termin biomolecular (Hsp70). Method: This was an obse rvational resear ch and the study design was a cross-sectional study. The number of all samples was 60 women, divided into 2 groups and each group contained 30 women. Independ ent var iable: Heat Shock Protein 70 level, Depend ent var iable: Premature Rupture of Membrane. Data was analyzed by t test Result: Based on matern al character istic on both groups, the mean levels of Hsp70 in serum of pr egnant women with PROM lower (0.36) compared to normal pregnant group (3.94) and this difference was statistically significant (p 50%). Conclusion: Theme an levels of Hsp 70 in premature rupture of membranes obtained lower levels than in normal full-term pregnancy and this difference was sta tistically significant. Keywords: Heat Shock Protein 70, maternal stress, PROM


Hepatitis C (HCV) can cause liver damage or liver cancer, and it is doubtful that antiviral drugs alone will be able to cure HCV. Because of the limitations of antiviral drugs, researchers are studying ways to enhance the immune system's ability to fight HCV. The current standard therapy for treating HCV is to use Interferon-alpha, although this may change to a combination of Interferon-alpha and Ribavirin. However, Ribavirin can have detrimental effects on bone marrow and may not be tolerated by some patients. Results of a study are presented.


Based on 2002—2010 Statistical Yearbooks,this paper empirically studied the inequity of health resource allocation in Liaoning Province by applying Lorentz curve,Gink coefficient and comparison from the perspectives of population,area and region.The findings showed that there is a gross surplus of medical health resources in Liaoning Province concentrated in the big cities,and there exists serious unfairness in health resource allocation between the urban and rural areas.In order to promote a fair allocation of medical health resources,it is essential that the gross health resources should be cut and controlled,the remnant health resources should be optimized and adjusted giving more priority to the rural and lower-level communities,and the unified design between the city and the countryside should be enhanced in an accelerated way.


When considering vitreomacular traction, there are several phenotypic lesions including epiretinal membranes (ERMs) or macular puckering, idiopathic macular holes, and the vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMTS), all of which are because of pathologic changes at the vitreoretinal interface. Figure 1 shows how we look at the vitreoretinal interface, and although these images are improving, they do not yet depict the vitreoretinal interface itself. These pathologies at the vitreoretinal interface may be defined as follows:


Summary. Stallion and jackass semen have several chemical char¬ acteristics in common, such as ergothioneine, which originates chiefly in the ampullae, and citric acid, which is derived from the seminal vesicles; the vesicular secretion also contains an extraordinarily high concentration of lactic acid. In both species the semen is ejaculated in the form of a 'pre-sperm', 'sperm-rich' and 'post-sperm' fraction, represented by the urethral, ampullar and vesicular contributions, respectively. Stallion and jackass semen are practically free from fructose, but the spermatozoa are able to metabolize added fructose anaerobically and aerobically. In the absence of oxygen, the rate of fructose conversion to lactic acid as well as sperm motility are very low; in the presence of oxygen, the rate of fructose disappearance, as well as motility, are much higher. In this and other respects, stallion and jackass spermatozoa resemble those of the boar, but differ from human, ram and bull spermatozoa. An easily oxidizable substance occurs in the seminal plasma of both the jackass and stallion, like in the boar; this substance is responsible for the plasma's own oxygen uptake. Stallion and jackass semen differ from each other with respect to the rate of aerobic metabolism, and sperm survival in vitro. Exogenous substrates increase the oxygen uptake of jackass spermatozoa more than that of the stallion spermatozoa. The motility and respiratory activity in jackass semen diluted with an egg-yolk medium are main¬ tained at 5° C much longer than in stallion semen.


Objective[WT5"BZ] To determine the timing and indications of surgery for patients with severe acute pancreatitis.[WT5"HZ]Methods[WT5"BZ] From Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1997, 2001 cases of acute pancreatitis (AP) were admitted, among them 435 (21.7%) were of severe type (SA).According to the indications for surgery three periods were allocated.Period Ⅰ (1980~1990) included 116 SA cases,Period Ⅱ (1991~Dec.1993) included 99 cases and Period Ⅲ (Jan.1994~Dec.1997) 220 cases.Indications for exploration were early surgery for Period Ⅰ patients,early complications for Period Ⅱ patients and late peripancreatic infection for Period Ⅲ patients.[WT5"HZ]Results[WT5"BZ] The percentage of SA patients undergoing surgery and the mortality rate for the patients in 3 periods were 77 6% and 40 5%; 54 6% and 17 2%; and 29 6% and 11 4%, respectively.[WT5"HZ]Conclusions[WT5"BZ] The morbidity and mortality of severe acute pancreatitis were not decreased by aggresively used early surgery, so indication for early surgery should be limited to very special conditions. Surgery is dominant therapeutic method for late complications, especially for necrotizing infection. [WT5"HZ]