(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)IntroductionIn the field of science the issues concerning the scientific method and the formation of scientific concepts have played a crucial role and the debate about them is still alive; in fact antinomian polarities like reductionism/ complexity or realism/anti-realism continue to keep alive this debate.In the history of science, this problematic junction, in its more mature phase, can be found in the methodological and conceptual revolution made by Galileo Galilei who, after the critique of many aspects of Aristotelian physics, revolutionized the scientific method (further, in the section entitled "Aristotle and Galileo's Platonism," I will analyze the epistemological implications of this revolution that have been decisive for the consecutive reflections about the formation of scientific concepts).We can sum up the Galilean legacy by taking inspiration from this quotation: "[...] the mathematical scientist (filosofo geometra), when he wants to recognize in the concrete the effects which he has proved in the abstract, must deduct the material hindrances [,..]."1Galileo, in substance, is telling us that that in order to investigate scientific phenomena we must turn our gaze to a new theoretical procedure no longer based on Aristotelian abstraction but on what modern philosophers of science call idealization. This methodological and theoretical revolution allowed Galileo to overcome the limits and fallacies of the old AristotelianPtolemaic system, but how was it possible? It was possible thanks to the systematic use of idealizations and models in science. But what is the difference between abstraction and idealization? Obviously, the roots of abstraction can be found in Aristotle who "conceived of the universal, the result of the process of abstraction, as that which is common to many individuals; as such - i.e. as primary substances - individuals cannot be fully captured in terms of universals. However, although real individuals elude our thought, we can conceive of the qualities, as real as the individuals themselves, which constitute what is shared by a certain number of individuals. It is just because individuals possess these common qualities that we can group them together and classify them as belonging to species and genera;"2 the theoretical procedure of abstraction comes from the capacity of human intellect to obtain the universal from the particular (this procedure has been formulated in many ways, for instance, by the scholastic tradition, by rationalism and by the modern empirical tradition: see the reflections of Aquinas, Hobbes, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley, or Hume).It means that while abstraction is applied by human intellect to obtain universal concepts from the knowledge of particular objects (by the generalization of empirical facts), "idealization" proceeds "enclosing in parenthesis" some aspects of phenomenal reality that we consider secondary, to take into consideration the essential factors of the phenomena under investigation.3So, Galileo applied, with a more or less mature methodological awareness, the scientific method that the Polish philosopher of science Leszek Nowak called the "method of idealization and gradual concretization."4According to Nowak, there is an essential difference between abstraction and idealization:A scientific law is basically a deformation of phenomena. It resembles much more the logical structure of a caricature than that of the generalization of facts. The crucial point for a proper understanding of the Idealizational procedure is that it differs fundamentally from that of abstraction [...]. Abstraction, i.e. the omitting of properties, leads from individuals to sets of individuals (and from sets of individuals to families of sets, etc.). Idealization does not do this. Omission of the dimensions of physical bodies does not yield any set of physical bodies but the mass-point. …


Employee engagement is a critical factor in an organization's success, impacting productivity, retention, and overall workplace satisfaction. As the business landscape evolves, so do the tools and technologies used to enhance employee engagement. This abstract explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in revolutionizing the way companies engage with their workforce. AI has emerged as a powerful ally in transforming traditional employee engagement strategies. It offers unique capabilities to gather and analyze data, predict trends, and personalize interactions with employees. This paper delves into various aspects of AI-driven employee engagement, such as sentiment analysis, chat bots, and predictive analytics. To handle the scenario, Artificial intelligence (AI) and Employee Engagement are emerging as significant dimensions to be taken up for the research. Thus, this study aims to examine the role of artificial intelligence in Employee engagement. To investigate the association between these two important variables, a review of the literature was conducted. The findings demonstrate that much research has validated the association between Artificial intelligence and Employee engagement.


of of 25-OH D on as D the to 4 vitamin D alters AMH signaling, FSH sensitivity and progesterone synthesis and release. Vitamin D receptors have been found in the ovary, placenta and uterus, the secosteroid may play a valuable effect during ovarian development and luteinization 5 to include those disparate data into a unified physiologi-cal hypothesis. Vitamin D may interfere with ovarian function by modulating glucose uptake and metabolism, in the granulosa cells 4,6 . Vitamin D shares with progesterone the same cholesterol backbone. similarities in their respective structure, it is tempt-ing to speculate that vitamin D could mimic some progesterone-like activities and can bind to progesterone receptor 7 . In addition, vitamin D potentiates some progesterone effects 8 and stimu-lates PRG synthesis in the placenta 9 . Moreover, several interactions between estrogens and vitamin D have been described, evidencing that the biosynthesis and activity of both of them are tightly interconnected. Furthermore, a potentially competitive binding of Vitamin D on estrogen receptor has been shown . of further investiga-tions are warranted to the subtle correlation linking vitamin D to ovarian


BACKGROUND AIM: To observe the toxic effects of Ethaselen on the maternal rat in late trimester of pregnancy, the growth and development, and the abilities of learning and reproduction of the offsprings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SD pregnant rats were given Ethaselen orally from gestational day 15 to weaning day 28. The experimental groups received 250、500 and 1 000 mg/kg of Ethaselen. RESULTS: The body weight accretion of maternal rats (F0) in experimental groups was obviously lower than that in negative control group(P0.05). The body-weight of the offsprings(F1) at birth and accretion during lactation were obviously decreased(P0.05). The physiological indexes and neonatal reflexes were delayed significantly(P0.05). But there were no toxic effects on the body weight gain, appetite, visceral measurements, mating ratio, pregnancy ratio and fetal development on stopping drug administration. CONCLUSION: Among the dose range used, Ethaselen caused obvious body weight accretion in F0 and F1, and developmental delay. But there were no the toxic effects on the visceral development, reproductive ability, body weight increase, and appetite on stopping the drug.


Bing Maps can provide plentiful and free data resources.The convenient utilization of these resources is a problem of wide concern.In many applications,it would cost much money and plentiful human resources to develop software systems for managing the data,and the systems based on browser fail to support frequent user interaction and data inter-operation.Web service provides an effective way to inter-operate geographical information through platform and programming language.Based on analyzing the coding theory of Bing Maps tiles data and the structure of the URL,this paper has introduced a method for approaching Bing Maps tiles data,and then implemented Web Map Service(WMS) by using these data so that it can be loaded by any client which supports WMS.This method has achieved the goal of convenient acquirement of map data and image data with less cost.


In the injection mold process, a pressure gradient exists from the polymer entrance to the last-fill location. At different planar locations of a part, when the polymer melt cools down to the transition temperature and freezes (changes from liquid to solid) at different pressures, shrinkage at the various locations will be different. If cooling channels are not arranged properly, the mold wall temperatures on the cavity and core sides can be different. This unbalanced cooling can also cause the melt at the upper and lower halves of the cavity to shrink differently, because they freeze at different times and different pressures. These two types of non-uniform shrinkage will cause parts to warp.
 Reducing shrinkage and warpage is one of the top priorities for improving the quality of injection molded parts. In addition to part design and material properties, process conditions are the most important determinants of part quality. In this paper, the relationship between process conditions and in-cavity residual stress will be studied. In-cavity residual stress is the driving force that causes parts to deform after they are taken out of the mold. The effects of process conditions on injection-molded part quality (in terms of shrinkage and warpage) will be discussed. Different packing pressure levels, together with unbalanced cooling from mold wall temperatures, will be examined. Deformation of injection molded parts will be measured. Comparisons between experimental and numerical simulation results will be reported.


Parkinson´s disease is a neurodegenerative entity with predominant extrapyramidal and dysautonomic features and, in the final stages, cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Since 1976, the involvement of the peripheric nervous system has been recognized, mainly through neurosensorial symptoms affecting almost half of the Parkinson patients, even before the onset of motor symptoms. Initially, these symptoms were attributed to dystonia or the use of levodopa in the absence od medications; however, recent studies suggest an intrinsic etiology in idiopathic Parkinson´s disease. Chronic (the most frequently described), subacute and acute polyneuropathy are the main clinical forms. The sensory symptoms coexist with those of Parkinson´s disease. The diagnosis is essentially based on a clinical examination supported by electromyography and tests of neuro-conduction velocity whose normality does not rule out this entity, however. Its management depends on the etiological assumptions, and includes the eventual use of vitamin B12, B1 and folates replacement therapy. The etiology, the prognosis and the physiopathology are still topics of debate whose clarification requires further research.


The new natural law theorists, such as Germain Grisez, John Finnis and Joseph M Boyle, argue that intentional human action is oriented towards a plurality of basic goods.1 This focus on the role of the good in orienting action—and its subsequent implications for practical reason, politics and law—is a recurring and central theme of the natural law tradition. The basic goods, according to the new natural law theorists, render human action intelligible. The intelligibility of an action does not guarantee its reasonableness: that depends on whether the action is oriented towards the basic goods in a way that meets the requirements of practical rationality. However, an action that fails to be intelligible will fail to be reasonable, because it is not directed at any underlying good. The intelligibility of an action, on this view, is therefore a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for its reasonableness.


Abstract Memory for future intentions was compared with memory for past activities by asking members of a film society to retrieve names of films they intended to see later on in a Season and films they had seen earlier. Memory for films that had been seen showed the usual recency effect, while retrieval of films to be seen showed an analogous proximity effect in that films to be seen sooner were more accessible. It was also found that recall of past films was inversely related to the total number of such films, but was unrelated to the average time interval since they were seen. In a similar fashion, retrievability of future films was inversely related to the total number of such films and was unrelated to when they were to be seen. There was a small but significant correlation between an individual's ability to retrieve the names of past and future films. Taken together, these correspondences suggest that similar empirical laws may govern the retrieval of stored information about past events and future ...


The article analyses the draft law, which provides the legal base for the real estate tax. Accordingly, the attempt is made to estimate the possible consequences of the real estate tax introduction both for individuals and from the viewpoint of the budget revenues increase.


We study learning in perfect competition. A price-taking firm sells a good whose quality is unknown to some buyers. The uninformed buyers use the price to infer information about quality. The presence of noise on the supply prevents perfect learning. Even though the firm is a price-taker, information is disseminated though the price. The shape of the supply curve influences the amount of information contained in the price, which, in turn, affects the competitive equilibrium through the learning process of the uninformed buyers.


An image based multi-view reconstruction system, fast and robust, is introduced in this article. Instead of using visual hull as input, multi-view images are directly used to generate a precise and watertight 3D model. At the same time, point cloud and visual hull can also be produced as by-products. Our system is made up of three stages: point cloud generation, fusion and meshing. With well-designed algorithm and data structure, state-of-the-art speed is achieved in this highly reliable system, as revealed in our comparison with related work.


Abstract We used a stepwise linear discriminant analysis to investigate the population structure of summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus (Linnaeus). Analysis was based on 18 morphometric and meristic variables taken from 1,214 specimens collected in coastal waters between Montauk Point, New York and Cape Canaveral, Florida. Two populations were identified: one in the Middle Atlantic Bight, or between New York and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; the other in the South Atlantic Bight, or between Cape Hatteras and Florida. Discriminant analysis coefficients, based on five morphometric variables taken from specimens collected at geographic extremes of the survey area, provide a mathematical means for classifying summer flounder into either the northern or southern population with an accuracy of 93%.


Figure 1 shows standardization results of both scenarios for 8 categories of ReCiPe used with the endpoint perspective. The other categories were not used due to the deficiency of data as for land occupation or ionizing radiation. This graph permits to highlight the importance of each category compared with the standard reference. Climate change, ozone depletion and fossil depletion are the three categories with the most important environmental impact for the scenario without any treatment. With treatment and valorization of fridges these impacts can be reduced especially with the capture and incineration of refrigerant which were used to be released to the atmosphere. Refrigerant (R11 – R12) emissions into the atmosphere led to high impacts in climate change and ozone depletion categories in the old scenario. Controlled incineration and limited landfill can significantly reduce carcinogenic emissions and emissions responsible for the ozone layer decrease and climate change. Figure 1. Comparison of standardized environmental impacts with or without treatment of fridges For the old scenario without any treatment the emissions step participates the most to the environmental impact followed by the land filling. The recovery of metals permits an environmental gain and reduces the global score for both scenarios. About the treatment and valorization scenario recycling of vary materials as plastics, glass or metals permits to lead to a negative impact. Incineration of refrigerants permits to reduce their emissions into the air and then to reduce their impact on the ozone layer. Energy and material consumptions have a positive impact which is compensated by the others environmental gains.


This paper proposes an analysis process for analyzing collaboration task. It is important to grasp the system from the appropriate viewpoint. In order to analyze the collaboration task, it is important to grasp not only the entire system but also the flow of personnel. The authors introduce discipline into Petri Net for describing collaboration task. By the discipline, the system is described in terms of relationships between personnel who services and personnel who receives the service and work flow of each personnel. The Petri Net described according to the process is easily understandable. The authors develop the visualizer and simulator for Petri Net. By these tools, the behavior of Petri Net can be captured and the performance can be estimated. Introduction It is necessary to analyze and describe the target system from the appropriate viewpoint. In this paper, the analysis process of the system from the viewpoint of the collaboration task is proposed. In the analysis of the collaboration task, it is important to grasp the flow of personnel in the system and performance estimation and evaluation. When the system is analyzed in terms of each personnel, more comprehensible analysis can be performed than the analysis of the entire system. The analysis process proposed in this paper focuses on the part where the material and information are processed by two or more personnel and machine sharing information. When the system is grasped from the viewpoint of the collaboration task, it is important to understand the effect of relationships between the flows of the personnel which get the service and provides the service and the relationships between personnel who get the service and provide the service. Moreover, the personnel do not provide service alone. The personnel collaborate with two or more personnel. Therefore, it is also important to understand two or more flows of the personnel and the relationships between personnel. In this paper, the Petri Net is employed to describe the target system. It is effective to analyze the synchronization, waiting and competition of the component in the system. The Petri Net is described by connecting two nodes such as the place and the transition with arc. The element which flows in the system is expressed by the token, and the token synchronizes, and diverges. Though the notation is simple, compound synchronization and competition of the components in the system can be described by connecting place and transition skillfully. The queue, synchronization and the competition of personnel are analyzed by Petri Net. The flow of the processing of the personnel who perform service and that of the personnel who get the service in the system is represented by the transition and the place. The relationships between the personnel who provide the service and the personnel who get the service are represented by synchronization. Moreover, the place shows the personnel who provide the service. The position of token shows the state of the subject which gets the service. The number of tokens shows the number of personnel who provide the service. In the collaboration task, personnel in the system do several works with other personnel. The bottleneck such that personnel is busy or there are too many request waiting before a work occurs in the system. It is because of the worse of flow or the unbalance of the number of personnel. This situation should be improved. So, it is important to grasp the system in terms of behavior and performance. In the system, personnel perform their several works. This is represented with divergence in Petri Net. They perform the work when the request for the work arrives. The work which personnel perform is different depending on the situation. This is given by divergence probability or priority level in the Petri Net. It is difficult to obtain the waiting time for the work or processing time of the work by mathematical calculation. So, the model which represents the target system is simulated on computer. By the simulator, the token is moved and waited according to the model. Simulator paces off the waiting time at the place and the processing time at the transition for each token. In this research, editor for describing the Petri Net is developed. The Petri Net can be easily described by the editor. The editor can execute the described Petri Net. As a result, it is possible to verify the behavior of the Petri Net. Moreover, it is possible to simulate it by setting the parameters such as the average interval time of arrival of the token and the service time etc. to the Petri Net. As a result, the waiting time of service and the average service time etc. of the personnel can be quantitatively evaluated. Analysis of collaboration task by Petri Net Figure 1 shows the analysis process for the collaboration task by the Petri Net. First of all, the target system is analyzed and described with the Petri Net that is well-disciplined for analysis of the collaboration tasks. An initial marking of tokens is set, then the transition which can fire is fired. The correctness of Petri Net is verified. When it is not correct, the Petri Net is revised. Then, time parameters such as the generation interval time of the token and the average staying time in the transition, etc. are set to the Petri Net, and simulated. As a result, the performance of Petri Net is evaluated.


The measurement of four-dimensional (i.e. three-dimensional space and time) displacement fields of in situ tests within X-ray computed tomography scanners (i.e. lab-scale X-ray computed tomography) is considered herein using projection-based digital volume correlation. With a single projection per loading (i.e. time) step, the developed method allows the loading not to be interrupted and to vary continuously during the scan rotation. As a result, huge gains in acquisition time (i.e. more than two orders of magnitude) need to be reached. The kinematic analysis is carried out using predefined space and time bases combined with model reduction techniques (i.e. proper generalized decomposition with space–time decomposition). The accuracy of the measured kinematic basis is assessed via gray-level residual fields. An application to an in situ tensile test composed of 127 time steps is performed. Because of the slender geometry of the sample, a specific beam space regularization is used, which is composed of a stack of rigid sections. Large improvements on the residual, the signal-to-noise ratio of which evolves from 9.9 to 26.7 dB, validate the procedure.


High strength silicon steel implemented for manufacturing engineering products, such as aircraft components and various mining equipment, was under consideration. To obtain data for the numerical simulation of the studied steel heat treatment, the following investigations were conducted: (1) plotting of the continuous cooling transformation diagram; (2) identification of the steel microstructure constituents and the temperature ranges of their formation; (3) determination of the heat transfer coefficients of the industrial cooling media for the heat treatment (oil and still air) by the analysis of the cooling curves. The algorithm was developed for quantifying the amount of the microstructure constituents after continuous cooling to the room temperature at the rates 0.025°C/s–75°C/s. The obtained experimental data was implemented in the commercial software package to simulate the heat treatment process of the steel parts. The simulated data (microstructure distribution over the cross-section of the steel parts) was verified using the microstructure investigation of the heat-treated steel parts. A good agreement of the data was obtained.


The universal background model represents the speaker independent distribution of features, so it can be used to construct a reference space for speaker recognition. In the anchor models, one speaker utterance can be located at one point in the anchor space. We construct the reference space using the Gaussian distributions in the universal background model instead of the virtual speakers in the anchor models, and one speaker's all utterances mainly locate in a small portion of the whole space. On the other hand, we use the support vector machine to separate this speaker dependent portion from the whole space while the Euclidean distance measure is used in the anchor models in general. The experiments on the YOHO database show that our method can get better performance comparing with the decision fashion based on the Euclidean distance which is widely used in the anchor models


The PEFA (public expenditure and financial accountability) framework is an instrument that enables broad assessments of a country's public expenditure, procurement and financial accountability systems. This article provides three views of the framework: from the PEFA secretariat, a practitioner and a donor.


As part of our program to map the large-scale distribution of galaxies behind the Milky Way, we used the Parkes 210 ft (64 m) radio telescope for pointed H I observations of a sample of low surface-brightness (due to heavy obscuration) spiral galaxies selected from the deep optical Zone of Avoidance (ZOA) galaxy catalog in the Hydra/Antlia region (Kraan-Korteweg 2000a). Searching a simultaneous velocity range of either 300 to 5500 km s 1 or 300 to 10 500 km s 1 to an rms level of typically 2-4 m Jy resulted in detections in 61 of the 139 pointings, leading to a total of 66 detections (an additional detection was made in a reference position, and two other pointings revealed two and four independent signals respectively). Except for 2 strong H I emitters identified in the shallow Zone of Avoidance H I survey (Henning et al. 2000), all H I detections are new. An analysis of the properties of the observed and detected galaxies prove that pointed H I observations of highly obscured galaxies allow the tracing of a population of nearby, intrinsically large and bright spiral galaxies that otherwise would not be recovered. The new data identified a previously unrecognized nearby group at' 287:5;b 9:5;V 1700 km s 1 , the continuation of the Hydra/Antlia filament on the opposite side of the Galactic plane, and helped to delimit a distinct void in the ZOA centered at 2000 km s 1 .


Invasive candidiasis and aspergillosis are amongst major medical concerns with high mortality and morbidity in immunocompromised patients. Management of these infections is dependent on early and efficient antifungal therapy, as well as drug resistance monitoring. Decreased sensitivity of these pathogens to antifungal drugs during recent decades, rapid detection of drug resistance in pathogenic fungi is highly recomended. Generally, identification of drug resistance associated mutations requires complicated and expensive methods such as DNA sequencing. However, nowadays application of accurate, fast and highly sensitive techniques, including Rolling Circle Amplification (RCA), PCR-RFLP, Real-Time PCR, and ARMS-PCR provide the possibility for detection of target sequence containing nucleotide polymorphisms even at the one base pair level. In this review we aimed to discuss the usage, advantages and disadvantages of these techniques in order to identify the mutations of the azole-resistant


The paper uses daily mean return and also trade volume,trade sum and H- L(high price minus low price) to investigate the impact of different variables to day- of- the- week effect.We use neural networks to classify the data of Shenzhen and Shanghai securities markets which are disposed by normalization and SMOTE.The results show that Monday,Tuesday and Thursday effect are significant in Shanghai and Monday effect is significant in Shenzhen.The results of neural networks sensitive analysis also reveal that day- of- the- week effect is sensitive to trade volume,trade sum and H- L,but not so sensitive to daily mean return.At last,we explain the existence of day- of- the week effect using information flow hypothesis.


Gas valves are very important parts in compressors. If a valve fault in a compressor takes place, the expulsion of the compressor will decrease. In some critical cases, abnormal gas transmission will lead to a serious accident. This article proposes a method of fixed time basis in multi-resolution analysis and wavelet transform. This method can thoroughly resolve the problems occurred in present valve fault diagnosis caused by the fact that the wavelet transform does not have time shift invariance. By the analysis of experimental data, it shows that the valve fault can be preferably and accurately detected by using the method.


Handbook of Clinical Pharmacokinetic DataRang & Dale's PharmacologyBasic Pharmacokinetics and PharmacodynamicsMedical Pharmacology and Therapeutics E-BookBiopharmaceutics and Clinical PharmacokineticsBiopharmaceutics and Clinical PharmacokineticsHuman ToxicologyPrinciples of Clinical PharmacologyWinter's Basic Clinical PharmacokineticsTherapeutic Drug Monitoring DataHandbook of Clinical PharmacokineticsThe Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Safety of DonepezilApplied Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Psychopharmacological AgentsStudy Guide to Accompany Drug Therapy in NursingClinical Pharmacy and TherapeuticsPharmacology and Physiology for AnesthesiaConcepts in Clinical PharmacokineticsXenobiotic Metabolism and DispositionDrug Delivery ApproachesCasebook in Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug DosingClinical PharmacokineticsBasic PharmacokineticsIntroduction to Drug Disposition and PharmacokineticsInternational Review of CytologySymptoms in the PharmacyPocket GuidePharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling and SimulationFlavonoid PharmacokineticsRowland and Tozer's Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: Concepts and ApplicationsVeterinary Pharmacology and TherapeuticsChronopharmacology and ChronotherapeuticsPharmacokinetics in Drug DevelopmentPediatric Clinical PharmacologyGentamicin and TobramycinHandbook of Basic Pharmacokinetics-Including Clinical ApplicationsPharmacokinetic Evaluation and Modeling of Clinically Significant Drug MetabolitesEssential PharmacokineticsClinical PharmacokineticsConcepts in Clinical PharmacokineticsNano-Pharmacokinetics and Theranostics


BACKGROUND
Patients with major depression exhibit circadian disturbance of sleep and mood, and when these patients are discharged from inpatient wards, this poses a risk for relapse. To improve this transition from inpatient wards to returning home, we developed the Circadian Reinforcement Therapy (CRT) intervention. The CRT focuses on increasing the zeitgeber strength to the circadian clock from social contact, physical activity, diet, daylight exposure and sleep timing.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to prevent the worsening of depression after discharge using the CRT to advance and stabilize sleep and mood, supported by an electronic self-monitoring system. The primary outcome was the change in Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D17) scores from baseline to endpoint.

METHODS
Participants were contacted while still on the inpatient ward and randomized 1:1 to a CRT or Treatment as Usual (TAU) group for four weeks. In both groups, patients electronically self-monitored their daily mood, physical activity, sleep, and medication in the Monsenso Daybuilder (MDB) system. The MDB allows investigators and participants to simultaneously view a graphical display of registrations. An investigator phoned participants in both groups weekly to co-inspect data entry. In the CRT group, participants were also phoned between these scheduled calls if specific predefined trigger points for mood and sleep were seen on the daily inspection. Participants in the CRT group were provided with specialized CRT psychoeducation sessions right after inclusion, focusing on increasing zeitgeber input to the circadian system. A PowerPoint presentation were presented, and paper-based informative material and leaflets reviewed with the participants. In the CRT group, the CRT principles were brought into play at all telephone consultations whereas in the TAU group, phone calls focused on data entry in the MDB system. When discharged, all patients were treated at a specialized affective disorders service.

RESULTS
In all, 103 participants were included. Participants in the CRT group had a statistically significant larger HAM-D17 score reduction (P=.04) compared to the TAU group. In the self-monitored MDB data, we found a significantly better improvement in evening mood (P=.02), sleep quality (P=.04), earlier sleep onset (P=.009) and a longer sleep duration (P=.005) in the CRT compared to the TAU group. The day-to-day variability of mean daily and evening mood, sleep offset, sleep onset, and sleep quality were significantly lower in the CRT group (all P<.001). The user evaluation was positive for the CRT method and the MDB system.

CONCLUSIONS
In the CRT group we found a significantly better effect on depression and sleep measures compared with the TAU group. We also found significantly less day-to-day variability of daily sleep, mood parameters and activity parameters in the CRT compared to the TAU group. The delivery of the CRT method should be further refined and tested.

CLINICALTRIAL
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02679768.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT
RR2-doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2101-z.


Objective Discuss how to take effective nursing measures,lifting the male patients with urethral catheter with air sac catheter removal pain.Methods 19 cases of urethral catheter with air sac male patients as a sample case of private prosecution,are pulling out the catheter when the presence of pain,two stages for 6 consecutive weeks,using two different methods to implement the pull catheter,recording whether the patient pain and degree,will record the results summary and comparison.Results The first stage according to the conventional method of pulling out the catheter,in 3 weeks of 57 passengers in 96.5% of the patients reported pain;second stage through effective nursing measures,in 3 week 57 people in only 14% patients complained of pain.Conclusion Lifting the indwelling ballonet catheter extubation when there is pain in the male patients,can be taken as a Foley balloon pumping liquid not immediately following the pull catheter,let a patient resting 30min to 60min,rest period for airbag effective retraction,and give the abdominal area of the bladder massage,hot compress and double limb flexor extensor exercise effective nursing measures after the slow rotation extubation method,can significantly reduce or eliminate the pain.


Abstract Most physiotherapy for patellofemoral problems has a mechanical basis, consisting of lower limb exercises, stretches, taping/bracing and foot orthotics; however, in many cases physiotherapy is unhelpful. Due to the refractory nature of the condition it may be appropriate to also explore non-mechanical alternative factors, which could improve understanding and treatment of the condition. This paper provides a review of anatomy of the blood supply to the patellofemoral joint and of the roles of circulatory deficits and inflammatory processes in the production of patellofemoral pain. In addition, a simple clinical model is proposed to help practitioners categorize patellofemoral patients as hypoxic, mechanical, or inflammatory. The classification of patients in this way may improve treatment outcomes, increasing both patient and therapist satisfaction.


large magneto-optical Kerr effect. A simple model, which includes two coupled nonlinear oscillators whose forces and couplings are derived with ab-initio calculations using self-consistent phonon theory at a finite temperature 9 , reproduces qualitatively our experimental observations on the temporal and frequency domains. A quantitatively correct magnitude of the effect is obtained when one also considers the phonon analogue of the reciprocal of the Einsten – de Haas effect, also called the Barnett effect, where the total angular momentum from the phonon order is transferred to the electronic one. Our findings show a new path for designing ultrafast magnetic switches by means of coherent control of lattice vibrations with light. pulse at the sample location was characterised by means of electro-optical sampling 46 in a 50- μ m-thick (110) cut GaP crystals. The maximum measured terahertz peak electric field was approximately 1.15 MV cm − 1 . The peak frequency of the terahertz pump pulse is at 2.7 THz with measurable components extending up to approximately 5 THz. After the filtering the field with the 3THz band-pass filter, a typical measured terahertz peak electric field was around 200-300 kV cm − 1 . The sampled terahertz pump traces are reported in Extended Data Figure 1, with the narrowband data representing the field used for measuring all of the data in the main text.


Travertines, carbonate developed in calcareous hot springs, often exhibit laminated structures of the ancient stromatolites. Cyanobacteria play a central role to form laminated structures (e.g., Okumura et al. 2013), other microbial groups can be associated with the travertines. An example is the case in Dolok Tinggi Raja in northern Sumatra. Distinct microbial zonation was observed along the flow passage of the two major spring sites. At proximal locations besides the hot spring at 60 degrees, sulfur turf inhabited a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide. Purple sulfur bacteria become dominant from several meters below the spring. The sulfur bacteria that form a biofilm of 1 mm thick have potential to develop laminated structure. Water chemistry indicates that aragonite precipitation was activated from this location. In the lower portion of the flow passage where the temperature is declined below 50 degree, microbial community was replaced by cyanobacteria that formed a biofilm of similar thickness. Decreases in hydrogen sulfide and temperature are responsible factors for this microbial zonation.


My motivation to choose this topic for my final project was my curiosity about the rewilding approach in nature conservation. I'm very interested in the ecological processes and the actors involved in conservation issues. Also, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinar work is key in this field. Trained as a biologist and social and cultural anthropologist, I enjoy to understand such socio-ecological process. Therefore diving in the Rewilding literature was not much a challenge than a pleasure. My second motivation was to know more about an important animal and an important ecosystem from my country. I was born and grew up in Peru which has guided my academic training. Llamas and the Andes have been well researched from the social sciences and humanities since these animals have played a significant role symbolically and economically for over centuries. However, the ecological interplay between llamas and Andean ecosystems are not well researched. Today, conservation projects have become crucial to preserve this fragile ecosystems from growing impact factors such as climate change and tourism. That is why I decided to focus on this region, to highlight and spread the word about the importance to preserve it and research further.


Investment in fixed assets of the whole society in Jiangsu province from 1978 to 2005 were studied by adopting Holter-Winter no seasonal exponential smoothing model,GM(1,1) model and linear regression model in section.The conclusion indicated that linear regression model in section had a better fitting effect than the other two models.And the whole investment of fixed assets in Jiangsu province during the eleventh five year was forecasted.


The bromination of 1,5‐hexadiyne at ‐40° in chloroformic solution gives 1,2,5,6‐tetrabromo‐1,5‐hexadiene (5) with a yield of 948; at higher temperatures (e. g. ‐15°), bromination of the double bonds occurs. The stereochemistry of (5) has been studied by N. M. R. ‐spectroscopy; the ratio of cis to trans double bonds (defined with respect to the two bromine atoms) is shown to be 1/9. When (5) is treated repeatedly with N‐bromo‐succinimide (NBS) in CCl4 solution, 1,1, 2,5, 6,6‐hexabromo‐2,4‐hexadiene (7) (trans, trans or cis, cis) is formed, implying a double allylic bromine migration; this structure is assigned on the basis of U. V.‐ and N. M. R.‐ evidence, in comparison with the spectroscopic properties of 1,2,3‐tribromopropene. Treatment of (7) with zinc powder in ethanol produces mainly trans‐1,5‐hexadiyne‐3‐ene (yield 57%), together with a small amount (2,8%) of the cis‐derivative. Copyright © 1974 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim


In this paper, an electrically steerable antenna for communication at Ka-band is demonstrated. The antenna itself is a microstrip antenna array made out of low-loss LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics) DuPont 943 substrate. The antenna is made electrically steerable in the H-plane of the aperture by means of RF-MEMS phase shifters. The phase shifters are 3-bit phase shifters processed in the EADS Innovation Works RF-MEMS technology. They are integrated in a hybrid fashion onto the ceramic substrate of the antenna. The paper describes the different development steps of the complete phased array antenna, including the design of the antenna array, and the integration of the phase shifters. Finally, the design and the realisation of the phased antenna demonstrator are assessed and validated by satisfactory measurement results.


The present invention discloses a 3D printer wire feeding means includes a guide wire tube, button, slide bearings, motors, gears, fixing bracket, the wire feeding port; fixing bracket equipped with wire feed chamber, provided on the fixing bracket defining said slide slides back and forth sliding bearings, sliding bearings and sliding along the push button slide; can slide by the sliding bearing stopper slidably disposed in the wire feed cavity; the gear motor output shaft and rotatably connected to the wire feeder provided in the cavity; define a sliding direction of the slide bearing sliding direction toward the gear; wire port provided on a side of the fixing bracket and the other side is connected to the guide wire tube, wire feeding port communicated an intermediate position of the sliding bearing and the gear and the wire feeding tubes guidewire channel. The present invention achieves the automatic printer head wire, the wire feed efficiency improved.


This article discusses the different perceptions of quality in early childhood education. It argues that quality should be perceived as a process which is specific to the context of each service, and is, therefore, best defined by the values and beliefs of the stakeholders. This article suggests that forming a vision by the participants involved in early childhood centres can be the starting point of a quality process, and can forge a commitment to working towards excellence, as well as be a tool for evaluation. Methods for developing a vision are outlined, and the benefits to management, staff, and families in supporting this process are discussed.


The article presents the results of study on the influence of viral phytopathogens on the variability of pollen productivity and the quality of the tomato male gametophyte. It was shown that infection of plants with viruses led to changes in the number of pollen grains and variability of the functional traits of the male gametophyte, which manifested themselves as responses of stimulation, inhibition, or neutral effects. The main sources of variability of pollen traits affected by infection were the genotype and viral agents. The unequal value of pollen grains in terms of the rate of germination and growth of pollen tubes was established. Genotypes that combine a high level of pollen viability to infection with different viruses have been identified. These genotypes can be used in further research.


Preface Units used in the text 1. Fisheries in prehistory and in antiquity 2. The preindustrial fisheries 3. The cod fishery off Newfoundland 1502-1938 4. The North Sea herring fishery 5. The first industrialization of fisheries 6. The great whales 7. The Pribilov fur seal fishery 8. The Newfoundland harp seal fishery 9. The origins of fisheries science 10. Institutions before the Second World War 11. Fisheries research 1945-65 12. Institutions between 1945 and 1965 13. The second industrialization 14. Fisheries research since 1965 15. Institutions since 1977 16. The provident sea References Index.


In this paper proposed Self-Adjustment Picking Module(SAPM) for automatic assembly system of phone camera lens module. The SAPM compensates picking error during assembly process for phone camera lens module. The SAPM satisfies assembly accuracy of ㎛, so it can replace the existing vision system. If we use SAPM, it can minimize assembly system and reduce product cost without using camera, frame grabber, camera lens, and illumination. In order to confirm the picking repeatability of SAPM, we measured the error between object and picker using CCD camera. We performed basic experiments using reconfigurable μ-factory that we developed. The experimental results show that the repeatability is about ± 25.07 ㎛ using SAPM. We estimated that this results from the machining error of picker and object. Picker and object have machining error of +25 ㎛ and +60 ㎛, respectively. It is expected that picking error will be about ±10 ㎛, if there are no machining errors.


Kurdock that looks at the commanding figure of one Roman aristocrat, Anicia Demetrias, a woman who drew the attentions of an unlikely cohort: Pelagius, Jerome, Augustine, as well as an unknown writer of epistula ad Demetrias. What, Kurdock asks, drew these theologically opposed Christian thinkers to address the same woman? Analyzing each of the letters, Kurdock concludes that the letters differently advise Demetrias how to manage her great resources, but the goal is always the same-namely, to court Demetrias and her house as patrons. These letters highlight how integral the aristocracy was to the promotion and support of Christianity in the late Empire. Certainly this volume is required reading for scholars of late antiquity. Its overall success owes to the fact of its collaborative nature by which one is quickly introduced to a variety of sources and approaches to the study of late antique Rome. It is the focus on this city that makes the collection an especially valuable contribution to scholarship. Religion, Dynasty, Patronage highlights through a variety of memorable exempla that the Christianization of the Empire was a diverse process with


Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to study the effect of finely divided sludge on properties of drilling fluids while drilling with complexes with detachable core receiver at Talnakhskoe deposit. When drilling the exploration wells with the complexes with wireline at 1000 m of sinking from 7 to 8 tons of rocks are drilled out at the average. The main aim of the research is to study the effect of finely divided sludge, entering the drilling fluid, while boring with complexes with detachable core receiver on clay rocks and ore zone at Talnakhskoe deposit, on drilling fluid properties. The methods used in the study: methods of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, electron microscopy, X-ray, tomography and spectroscopic analysis to determine the mineral composition of argillaceous rocks; determination of particle size distribution of drilling fluid sludge (hereinafter - the sludge); determination of zeta potential and the Debye radius; methods described in ISO 10414-1 and ISO 13503-1. The results. The study of fractional composition of solutions with finely divided sludge allowed establishing particle size distribution in drill cuttings. The dispersion clay particles can be divided according to the degree of the colloidal activity into: very active 0,46…0,69 mμm in size; active 1,10…3,32 mμm in size; less active ranging in size from 5,46…10,28 mμm; non-colloidal active with dimensions 10,28…43,04 mμm. The geometric mean size of particles in finely dispersed phase solutions ranges from 1,856 to 1,931 mμm. Bringing of active and inactive particles in a solution is a natural way to create solutions with the dispersed solid phase, which form a «clay» crust on the borehole wall with a pressure drop and provide rock colmatation. Experience in constructing a well of more than 1,500 m on the Talnakh deposits confirms the appropriateness of applying the finely divided phase in drilling fluid composition to bore deep wells with complexes with detachable core receiver.


(56) References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 3,393, 197 7/1968 Pachter et al. ....................... 424/260 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Merck Index, 7th Ed. (1960) p. 537. Goodman et al., The Pharmacological Bases of Thera peutics, 5th Ed. (1975), p. 348. Primary Examiner-Stanley J. Friedman (57) ABSTRACT A composition consisting essentially of nalbuphine and acetaminophen gives unexpectedly enhanced analgesic activity.


Phase noise (PN) introduced by the oscillator at the base station and user side severely degrades the channel estimation performance. This paper investigates the impact of PN on downlink compressive channel estimation in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Particularly, the downlink compressive channel estimation with PN is modeled as a sparse signal recovery problem with additive correlated perturbation on the pilot matrix, which is a general formulation for both non-synchronous and synchronous PN. Based on this signal model, the performance of the equivalent sensing matrix is analyzed by invoking restricted isometry property (RIP) in compressive sensing. In addition, the upper bound for $l_{1}$ -minimization based channel estimation method and tight channel estimation bound are derived in the framework of RIP and Oracle least square methodology, respectively. Finally, we propose a PN-aware sparse Bayesian learning (PNA-SBL) algorithm to improve the channel estimation performance in the presence of synchronous PN. Simulation results demonstrate our analysis and superiority of the proposed PNA-SBL algorithm.


Background Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by larval stages of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus. The rib location is exceptional. It presents a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Objectives To describe the clinical, serological and radiological features and surgical management of rib hydatidosis. Methods This is a retrospective study conducted over 4 years, on five cases of rib hydatidosis. We analysed the clinical and radiological presentations and the adopted therapeutic procedure. Results The average age of our patients was 44 years, without gender predominance. The clinical signs were dominated by the presence of an immobile swelling of fluid consistency without inflammatory sign, accompanied by moderate and intermittent localised pain. The laboratory assessment was nonspecific. The radiological assessment, including chest X-ray and thoracic computed tomography, with and without contrast, was essential in order to assess the extent of the lesion. Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging was requested in one case because of suspicions of a spinal extension. All of our patients underwent a rib excision accompanied by medical treatment of albendazole 24 hours after the surgery. The follow-up ranged from 1 year to 4 years and did not show any recurrence. Conclusion Hydatidosis of the ribs is an exceptional location of hydatid disease. The diagnosis was based on radiology and intraoperative exploration. The treatment remained essentially surgical by rib excision with anthelmintic drugs to prevent recurrence.


Ever since I was a little girl, I've known that my sole purpose was to accomplish one very simple goal: to enjoy life and be happy. So far, I've found happiness with a lot of different things; whether it be from dance, music, or going on adventures. But what trumps all of these activities is my mission: I want to live a life where I'll know that I have made a positive impact on the lives of other people. I am currently at the point in my life where I need to make some clear choices for what I would like to pursue with my career. I knew that one of the best ways for me to find some direction would be to gain as much hands-on experience as I could through projects and internships.


Due to increasing demand regarding quality, quantity, and individualization of electronic products, requirements for automated quality testing systems in electronics production came to include the need for greater flexibility and speed. Sophisticated contemporary production lines of electronic assemblies can include automated solder paste, optical and X-ray inspection as well as in-circuit tests. With the ultimate goal of evaluating 100 % of solder joints of any given board, redundancy can occur regarding overlapping testing content. Whereas contemporary approaches to more efficient testing of electronic assemblies focus on the reduction of false calls using machine learning (ML), this paper analyzes the degree of redundancy between automated optical inspection (AOI) and X-ray inspection (AXI). We further explore possibilities for reducing the scope of testing to a necessary minimum, while still achieving full coverage of any given board. As communication of such analysis is of great importance in large-scale production facilities, a method of visualization is devised to utilize initial findings before a holistic approach can be implemented. Additionally, the transferability of PCB-level testing plans between product lines using machine-learning models is evaluated as a method of including implicit knowledge for new products.


Abstract This research investigates the implications of globalizing gender politics for relations among local women's organizations in and across two Central Asian countries—contemporary Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Globalizing gender politics refers to the growing presence of gender in the discourses and practices of a range of national, international, and transnational actors, working within Western frameworks of development, democratization and civil society. Diverse forms of women's organizing flourish across these countries, influenced by changing gender roles and relations, and by new access to material and discursive resources. Within the milieu of globalizing gender politics, much emphasis has been placed on non-governmental organizations (NGOs), as a result of the recent shift to facilitate bottom-up development. At the same time, these organizations have been stereotyped for their dependence on aid and deference to donors, and their lack of cooperation and collaboration. This suggests a need to explore more deeply diverse forms of women's organizing, beyond a focus on the women's NGO sector as a homogenous body. I parse out layers of this organizing in and across Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Layers emerge as a result of the administration of material and discursive resources of globalizing gender politics, in accordance with assumptions and expectations of localized spaces. Investigating processes of localization allows for a more nuanced understanding of hierarchies and exclusions among diverse women and their organizations.


Abstract : A finite difference technique is presented for solving the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid. The technique, based on the Marker-and-Cell method, is simplified to facilitate its use by persons with little or no experience in numerical fluid dynamics. Section I of the report describes the basic algorithm, SOLA, for confined flows; Sec. II describes modifications necessary for free or curved rigid surface boundaries. Each includes a flow chart and a FORTRAN listing. Sample problems show how to incorporate simple modifications into the basic code to adapt it to a variety of problems.


Zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) converters which combine pulse-width modulation (PWM) with the soft-switching characteristics have very low voltage and current stress and the soft switching of the rectifier diode. Therefore, ZVT-PWM converters can increase the switching frequency and consequently reduce the ripple current. Although the ZVT-PWM converter has the above advantages, the application of ZVT-PWM converter to DC motor drive has not been discussed until now. This paper will analyse and discuss the characteristics of ZVT-PWM technique applied to the separately-excited and series DC motor drives. Effects of switching frequency and duty cycle on efficiency, speed characteristic and ripple current for the various DC motors are also investigated. The comparison of the ZVT-PWM converter-fed DC motor with the traditional hard-switching PWM topology shows that the ZVT-PWM converter-fed DC motor can reduce switching loss and ripple current and improve the efficiency even if the load variation is very large. Furthermore, the performance improvement after the addition of an adequate filter is also appreciated in this paper.


Physicians need to be able to tell parents of children with congenital anomalies what to expect. Approximately one third of all cases of cleft lip or


As the number of actor increased in play, film and broadcast, research in dramatics methodology of the actor and various training has steadily increased. It is because the fact that it needs an understanding of the dramatics and systematic training to purify emotion and impress audience through wide variety of media. Historically, there have been manifold debates on actor"s dramatics. However, in this thesis, I am going to discuss practical application of the Al Pacino"s creating character based on Lee Strasberg"s "Method Acting" in "Actor"s Studio". Al Pacino creates charact er through undergoing these three process: focus training based in Affective Memory, research of the character and express created character. Through a series of process, the character is created by understanding delicate shades of psychology. It may be the thesis of great significance to study Al Pacino because there is no antecedent study of him. However, its limitation is that the thesis emphasizes emotional part rather than the actor"s physical part in this American method. Yet I hope this thesis would help the actors create character and bring the actors forward "way of authentic actor" through the essentials of acting.


Case 1 A 23-year-old man presented with a 12-h history of colicky right iliac fossa pain. He had tenderness with guarding in the right iliac fossa and a diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made. At operation there was free intraperitoneal fluid and a periorated Meckel's diverticulum; the perforation apparently being due to a foreign body (Figure 1 ) which proved to be the pericarp of a tomato. This was rolled up along two opposite edges to form a scroll in which each parallel spiral had between two and three turns of the membrane, thus acquiring considerable resistance to longitudinal buckling.


In virtual reality, users do not receive any visual information coming from their own body. Thus, avatars are often used, and they can be embodied which alters the body representation. We suggested that the perception of one's own movements (i.e., kinaesthesia) can be altered as well. We investigated whether visual cues coming from an avatar can be used for kinaesthesia and to what extent such cues can deviate from natural ones. We used a paradigm in which the participant's left forearm was moved passively, correlated with the movement of both forearms of the avatar. Such visuo-proprioceptive combination induces kinaesthetic illusions in the participant's right forearm. The impact of the morphological similarity (semantic congruency) and of the visual perspective of the avatar (spatial congruency) was investigated. Results have indicated that avatar's movements are processed as one's own movements. Morphological similarity and first-person perspective were not necessary, but they reinforced the illusions. Thus, visual motion cues can strongly deviate from natural ones in morphology and perspective and still contribute to kinaesthesia.


Going 'GREEN', 'SUSTAINABLE' and 'ECONOMICAL' are the words so famous in the Malaysia construction industry especially in concrete materials for construction applications. This is the first technical engineering book authored by the author featuring her research works during her Master studies focusing in High Performance Concrete (HPC) as the highlighted concrete material.The author have always believed in strong basic understanding to deliver effective applications and results, thus believes that this book will be able to cultivate basic understanding of readers in the concrete technology field.This is also a step towards a better future for the Malaysia Construction Industry in going 'GREEN'. This book will be a very useful guide and reference to young design civil engineers,industrial experts,consultants,contractors and enthusiastic researchers so there will be effective applications to improve and develop the Malaysia Construction Industry.


Submitted for the MAR08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Spin-charge Separated Excitations in a Topological Insulator DUNG-HAI LEE, YING RAN, ASHVIN VISHWANATH, University of California, Berkeley — We construct a simple, controllable, two dimensional model based on a topological band insulator. It has many attractive properties. The main conclusions are: (1) The quasiparticles exhibit spin-charge separation. (2) It suggests an alternative way to classify Z2 topological insulator without resorting to the sample boundary. (3) The quasiparticle condensation triggers a phase transition from a spin liquid to an insulating easy-plane ferromagnet. Ying Ran University of California, Berkeley Date submitted: 08 Jan 2008 Electronic form version 1.4


Abstract : High-frequency signal transmission demands in RF and microwave systems, such as electronic phased-array radar and scanning antennas, call for innovative approaches in materials technology. Outstanding issues in such systems are the fabrication of low-loss, highly tunable capacitive elements made of thin-film ferroelecri cs. This program used a new epitaxial liftoff technique developed at Columbia University to reduce high-quality, single-crystal films of ferroelectrics such as strontium titanate (ST), potassium tantalate, KTaO3 and potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) for use in microwave devices.


1. Frog cutaneous pectoris nerve‐muscle preparations were incubated with collagenase and protease and examined with electrophysiological and electron microscopic techniques.


The goal is an improvement on learning of deep neural networks. This improvement is here called the CollabNet network, which consists of a new method of insertion of new layers hidden in deep feedforward neural networks, changing the traditional way of stacking autoencoders. The new form of insertion is considered collaborative and seeks to improve the training against approaches based on stacked autoencoders. In this new approach, the addition of a new layer is carried out in a coordinated and gradual way, keeping under the control of the designer the influence of this new layer in training and no longer in a random and stochastic way as in the traditional stacking. The collaboration proposed in this work consists of making the learning of newly inserted layer continuing the learning obtained from previous layers, without prejudice to the global learning of the network. In this way, the freshly added layer collaborates with the previous layers and the set works in a way more aligned to the learning. CollabNet has been tested in the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset database, obtaining a satisfactory and promising result.


The judicious and timely use of silence within worship is becoming increasingly recognised as a crucially important aspect of its performance. This article suggests that Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot has much to offer liturgists about silence's dramatic potential and its ability to alert others to a contemplative mode of being. I refute the predominant way of seeing the play as an absurdist text and indicate that a more persuasive reading would situate it within a contemplative hermeneutics which gives due weight to silence as an ontological phenomenon. One key to appreciating this interpretation is to see the play against the backdrop of the Christian contemplative tradition. Thus, the article, besides encouraging liturgists to pay attention to dramatists also suggests that dramatists might draw from religion's insights and history.


The H.E.S.S. detector is an array of atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes dedicated to the observation of very high energy (VHE)γ-rays. Situated in Namibia, the full four-telescope array is operational since December 2003. Among many types of targets, the H.E.S.S. collaboration is studying pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) in the VHEγ-ray domain. These objects can produce VHE emission by the inverse Compton process, whereby relativistic electrons and positrons in the shocked pulsar wind interact with lower-energy ambient photons. The PWN inside MSH 15-5 2, G 0.9+0.1 and near the Vela pulsar have been observed by H.E.S.S. since 2004. The results of these observations are reported here.


As the most widely used network in the vehicles, the Controller Area Network (CAN) is vulnerable to cyber-attacks due to the limitations of the bandwidth and transmission rate, lack of identity authentication, data encryption and other primary protection functions. Based on the known defects of intrusion detection systems, this paper shows a time voltage hybrid detection scheme that only relies on the physical information on the CAN bus when the data information has become unreliable. A lightweight K-means algorithm is used to train and verify the data. The test results show that the intrusion detection scheme in this paper can effectively detect the number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) on the CAN network and play a role in checking the admission of the external ECUs connected to the bus.


We analyze the core and valence transitions in chromium in a series of materials with a number of different ligands and including the oxidation states: Cr-II, Cr-III, Cr-IV, and Cr-VI. To study the core-to-core transitions we employ the CTM4XAS program and investigate the shapes, widths, intensities, and energy positions of the K beta(1,3) and K beta' lines in each oxidation state. The theoretical spectra are compared with experimental data obtained with synchrotron radiation. We found that the K beta(1,3) peak shifts to higher energy with increasing spin state. In addition, the widths of the K beta(1,3) peak increases as the oxidation state decreases, which we explain from the increased spread of the multiplet structures. In the K beta' structure the presence of two peaks in Cr-II, Cr-III, and Cr-IV is due to the large 3p3d exchange interaction. For the analysis of the valence transitions we utilize the DV-Xa method. We study the dependence of the relative intensities of the K beta" and K beta(2,5) structures on symmetry, bond length, and the effective number of 3d and 4p electrons in different chemical environments.


Abstract The recent recommendation of the WHO for a limit of chlorite of 0.7 mg L−1 calls for reliable and fast analysis methods. Here, we present a robust differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method for the quantification of chlorite (ClO2−) well below this limit. Different working electrode materials and electrolytes were evaluated, of which the combination of glassy carbon with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide (NTf2−) salts turned out to be highly advantageous. It was found that for aqueous samples the lithium salt of NTf2− was most suitable, while for organic systems solutions of the ionic liquid N‑butyl‑N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide ([BmPyrr][NTf2]) in methanol were the most robust ones. Neither the other chlorooxo anions (hypochlorite OCl−, chlorate ClO3−, perchlorate ClO4−) nor the standard ions, except iodide, interfere with the method. To demonstrate the feasibility of the method, a broad range of samples were investigated for their chlorite content, such as commercial disinfectants, bleaches, chlorinating agents, organic acid chlorides, as well as products of the Pinnick reaction, for which chlorite is used as a reagent.


The control of bacterial diseases of plants mostly relies on the extensive use of copper based compounds, which determine an accumulation of this trace element with heavy impact on soil microbiology and plant physiology. The use of molecules with infective-inhibitory activity, instead of an antibiotic effect, is expected to be a more ecofriendly approach, and even less resistanceinducing. Recently the use of short peptides to prevent the assembly of the Type Three Secretion System (T3SS) has been proposed. Several peptides were designed by our group, targeting T3SS of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii: preliminary observation demonstrated their anti-T3SS activity (Cerboneschi et al. 2012). In this frame, the sequences coding for Li27 and AP17 peptides were inserted in binary vectors pCambia1305.2, downstream a secretion signal peptide to deliver Li27 and AP17 to the apoplast. The recombinant plasmids were then electroporated into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105, to induce peptides transient expression into Nicotiana tabacum, following agroinfiltration. Preliminary experiments with EHA105/pCAMBIA1305.2 carrying gus-plus as a reporter gene under the control of the secretion signal peptide confirmed, through histology, that GUS expression was mainly located outside N. tabacum cell membrane. To test anti-infective activity of Li27 and AP17 transiently expressed, leaf blades were infiltrated with bacterial suspensions containing both EHA105/pCAMBIA1305.2-Li27 or EHA105/pCAMBIA1305.2-AP17, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci ATCC11528 or P. savastanoi pv. nerii Psn23. Preliminary observations showed that the putative peptides expression causes some yellowing in infiltrated areas. Nevertheless, inhibitory effects on T3SS of both virulent and avirulent Pseudomonas strains for Tobacco seem to occur.


A high peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) has become one of the major disadvantages in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and other multicarrier communication systems. A new PAR reduction scheme, named selected mapping-dynamic puncturing matrix (SLM-DPM), is proposed to overcome the problem in turbo coded OFDM (TC-OFDM) systems. By selecting the dynamic puncturing matrix of turbo codes, the scheme introduces a signal set in which the signal with the lowest PAR is selected to be transmitted. Simulations show that our proposed SLM-DPM scheme can achieve good PAR reduction performance with excellent BER results.


360 Background: Patients with borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma have poor prognosis and poor response to first-line therapy. The BRES-1 study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy in patients with borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: This single-center, single-arm prospective phase II clinical trial will enroll 30 patients with borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The 30 enrolled patients will receive preoperative camrelizumab with chemotherapy regardless of programmed death ligand-1 status. Preoperative therapies will include camrelizumab, nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin. Surgery will be performed 3-4 weeks after the completion of the preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. Three weeks after surgery, two periods of maintenance therapy will be continued with camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy. Then, maintenance treatment will be continued with camrelizumab up to one year. Primary endpoints included pathologic complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR). Results: As of September 15, 2022, 19 patients who met the criteria were enrolled (63% males, median age 67), neoadjuvant therapy was completed in 18 patients and ongoing in 1 patients. Among the 19 patients, 11 patients were resected and all patients underwent an R0 resection. 5 patients (45%) reached major pathologic response, 3 patients (27%) reached pathologic complete response, 8 patients (8/11, 73%) with complete regression (TRG 1) or near-complete regression (TRG 2). No grade 3-4 immunotherapy related AEs were observed, no surgery related mortality. The most common treatment-related AEs were leukopenia (18/19, 95%), lymphopenia (18/19, 95%) and anaemia (15/19, 79%). Conclusions: Camrelizumab with chemotherapy for borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has shown good conversion rates. Its efficacy and safety will be further investigated in later trials. Clinical trial identification: ChiCTR2200056728.


Barnes draws upon a lifetime's experience in primary, secondary and teacher education to construct a convincing argument: that relevant and meaningful cross-curricular contexts can serve as powerful motivators for active learning in pre-school and across the first three stages of the National Curriculum. Starting with a tour of key developments, he briefly tracks the history of education and the changing role of the school from the ancient Greeks to the twenty-first century, critically addressing recent government initiatives and the latest curriculum reviews. The age-range considered immediately affords opportunities to address issues that are often sidelined, for instance: continuity and extension of practice through the Early Years Foundation Stage to Key Stage 1; difficulties encountered in the primary–secondary transition; and the lack of Key Stage 3 reform. Against this backdrop, Barnes garners an array of evidence, from diverse fields of study, in support of cross-curricular learning. Sociological, neurological, social psychological and pedagogical research findings all contribute to the formation of his cross-curricular ideology. Grounded in theory and practice, Barnes advocates a cross-curricular taxonomy that features the application of creative thinking, disciplinary rigour and challenge (derived from no more than three subject areas) to a single theme, problem, idea or experience. He moves beyond previous notions of thematic approaches to identify five distinct types of cross-curricular teaching and learning, each supported by an illustrated case study with differing aims, strengths and purposes. Different chapters examine suitable themes for cross-curricular learning, its planning and assessment. The crucial function of formative assessment is emphasised as being a social and collaborative process. In particular, performances of understanding, presentations and peer assessment come under the spotlight. One clear justification Barnes promotes is that crosscurricular approaches make learning more accessible by providing pupils with various entry points to learning from which involvement, engagement, progression and achievement can flow and be sustained. He also maintains that cross-curricular learning is a highly effective vehicle for acquisition of the knowledge, understanding and skills that children need to make sense of things and deal with rapidly changing futures. Thus Barnes sets the scene for a rich, diverse curriculum, but goes even further. Underpinned by additional themes of nurturing individuality and fostering better social and global relationships, children's well-being is also brought to centre stage. Consequently, the resultant breadth of learning achievable in crosscurricular contexts can reach beyond that of conventional lessons, subject disciplines and schools, helping children to forge meaningful links between learning and their own expanding worlds of experience. Significantly, Barnes postulates that development should not start with the curriculum itself, but the formulation of policy and principles. Discussions should take place in a school and the community it serves (with both adults and children participating) to share beliefs and values about the purposes of education and talk about attitudes to learning and teaching. Core values could be agreed and used to establish principles to guide cross-curricular themes and planning. Helpfully, each chapter in the book is summarised and concludes with a selection of key questions for discussion that can be tackled in curriculum development sessions by children and staff in schools, and also, for the purposes of personal and professional development, by curriculum managers, practising teachers and students in teacher education settings. Furthermore, the final chapter moots a number of key issues for debate, specifically: motivation for learning; the nature of change in schools and its management; litigation and safeguarding; transferable power bases; managing behaviour for learning; global dimensions; and creativity, notably the importance of a teacher's own creative role – genuinely thought-provoking material.


This paper presents an efficient architecture of low power embedded vision system based on dynamically pro-grammable logic acceleration. This approach is based on param-eterised architecture designed for a machine supervised learning classifier. We test and verified the model functionality by experiments on benchmark datasets including case study on object recognition. Evaluation shows that the proposed architecture gained speedups and high performance.


Abstract : There are many diverse numerical methods that can be applied to solving path planning problems, however, most of these are either not valid or impractical for solving anisotropic (direction-dependent) path planning problems. Ordered Upwind Methods (OUM) are a family of numerical methods for approximating the viscosity solution of static Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations, and have been tailored to solve anisotropic optimal control problems. There is little information in the literature regarding the implementation of OUM, and a wide range of computational techniques and meticulous algorithmic considerations are required to successfully implement OUM. A comprehensive, generic implementation of OUM is documented in this report, with the intention of minimizing the technical barriers to employing OUM in real-world applications.


The coal ash fusion characteristics of high fusibility coal blending with two low fusibility coals respectively were studied.The data were analyzed using quantum chemistry methods and experiment from micro-and macro-molecular structures.The results show that Ca2+,as the electron acceptor,easily enters into the lattice of mullite,causing a transition from mullite to anorthite.Mullite is much more stable than anorthite.Ca2+ of anorthite occupies the larger cavities with the [SiO4]4-tetrahedral or [AlO4]5-tetrahedral rings respectively.Ca atom linked O weakens Si—O bond,leading ash fusion point to reduce effectively.The chemistry,reactivity sites and bond-formation characteristics of minerals can well explain the reaction mechanism refractory minerals and flux ash melting process at high temperature.The results of experiment are agreed with the theory analysis by using ternary phase diagrams and quantitative calculation.


We used filter paper contact test method for obtaining LC50 for python and dieldrin. This Organophosphate is very poisonous, which affects the body and Growth of Earthworm. We had seen in the test solution of 0.8mg/cm2, 0.9m g/cm2 and 1mg/cm2of 1% dieldrin, all earthworms died and melt. Similarly, cythion 0.3 and 0.27 showed the same result. This concentration was shown super toxic to earthworms. In the test solutions of 0.1mg/cm2 and 0.2mg, the earthworms were very active and not stationary. In test solutions of 0.3mg/cm2 and 0.4mg/cm2 the earthworm was slightly less active, and in 0.5mg/cm2, the concentration of test solution earthworm was live and less active in this experiment. Similarly the 0.03m g/cm2, 0.06 mg/cm2 and 0.09 mg/cm2 concentration showed same effect for cythion. We used three replica test set for the better resulting and calculated mortality. At the end of the experiment, we observed that 0.5 mg/cm2concentration of dieldrin and 0.15m g/cm2 for cythion was shown LC50 value of mortality. In some set like 1 mg/cm2, 0.9 mg/cm2 was very highly affected on earthworm they had been broken, melt and the body had destroyed. It was shown directly effect on the earthworm's body and growth.


J.E. and P.U. acknowledge funding from the EU-H2020 research and innovation programme under Grant agreement No.654360 NFFA Europe and acknowledge PRACE (project ID 20171633963) for awarding access to Marconi at CINECA, Italy. M.Me. and Z.X. acknowledge financial support from Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Universita Degli Studi di Padova, funding BIRD170839/17. The
computing resources and the related technical support used for this work have been provided by CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure and its staff. CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure is funded by ENEA, the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development and by Italian and European research programmes,
see http://www.cresco.enea.it/english for information. The idea for the work was originally conceived in discussions between M.Me. and P.U. Simulations and their analysis.


This photographic essay records an encounter between colonial and postcolonial gazes. The medium for this exchange is a collection of 'South Sea native' postcards and photographs, popular among white Australians at the turn of the century. Such was the postcard craze that a major Sydney photographic firm, Kerry & Co., issued a travelling salesman's folio consisting of fifty sets of cards each with twelve prints. Among the Australian subjects were several South Pacific sets, representing a fin de Steele taste for the exotic. One, on 'Samoa', combined studio portraits with palmfringed views, and the publicity claimed that 'Kerry & Co. are the only publisher who can offer such a dainty line of South Sea pictures as postcards.' Their origins were diverse, being bought from a range of sources (missionaries, commercial studios, itinerant photographers based in the Islands) and then inscribed with the studio's name and a caption. The negatives from Kerry & Co.'s studio and another Sydney firm, Henry King, were acquired in the 1920s by James Tyrrell, a bookseller. He continued to sell this stock of 'Old Sydney, Australian Aborigines and South Sea Native Life', ensuring their circulaton half a century after they were originally taken, advertising the prints as valuable records of the fast disappearing native races'.


A new fluorescence method for demonstrating γ-glutamyltransferase isoenzymes using γ glutamyl-7-amino-4-methyl coumarin, a commercially available, non-carcinogenic substrate is described. The procedure can readily detect γ-glutamyltransferase isoenzymes in samples with total activity as low as 5 U/l at 30°C.


This study evaluated the climate change impacts on the productivity, health, and value of a forest for a specific region in California—the Sierran mixed conifer timberbelt. The research team adapted an industry standard planning tool to forecast 30-year tree growth and timber yields for forest stands in El Dorado County under a changing climate. The model projections were constrained by structural and demographic data from the Blodgett Forest Research Station in El Dorado County in order to represent a realistic range of legal management regimes employed on private and governmental forests in the region. Conifer tree growth was reduced under all downscaled climate change scenarios. For the most extreme case (GFDL A2), productivity in mature stands (a status representative of approximately 20% of the federal forest in the region) was reduced by 18% by the end of the century. The reductions in yield were more severe (31%) for pine plantations—a management regime common among industrial landowners in the region. Based on the relationship between mortality risk and growth, the reductions in growth projected under the climate change scenarios explored here generally led to moderate increases in the vulnerability of the tested species (white fir, Abies concolor) to noncatastrophic (i.e., not fire) causes of mortality. The most severe decrease in survival probability occurred under the GFDL A2 scenario. By the end of the century, median survival probability had decreased from the baseline rate of 0.997 per year to 0.982 per year. The complexity of disease and insect interactions in forest ecosystems will limit the accuracy of predictions regarding the responses of specific pathogen and pests to climate change. However, a current concern in El Dorado County is the recent range expansion of pitch canker disease to the Sierran forests. Pitch canker is believed to be limited primarily by environmental conditions; these conditions may be changing in its favor in the Sierra Nevada, a region where several important timber species are susceptible to this devastating non-native pathogen. Given the results of the climate-adjusted growth scenarios presented in this report, the economic impacts are likely to be negative, in the form of reduced harvest revenues to landowners, reduced employment and income in timber harvesting and processing, reduced indirectly generated income and employment in rural counties, and reduced Timber Yield Tax revenues distributed to counties.


This paper proposes a robot design scheme that can be used for high-altitude curtain wall cleaning operations. With the help of machine vision and multi-sensor cooperation, it has the ability to cross obstacles of a certain height. By controlling the motor, it can move forward, back and clean on more complex walls.


Despite being preventable, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) rank among leading causes of death in Thailand. Four main groups of NCDs involve cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. These chronic diseases worsen economic burden and the quality of life. To ease the burden, health promotion service is one of the tools that can directly cope with risk factors of NCDs. Therefore, increasing health promotion service consumption potentially leads to risk reduction of an individual to develop NCDs. Hence, this research aims to identify the factors influencing health promotion service consumption in Thailand along with marginal effects of each factors. The analysis applies backward stepwise logistic regression with the national-level data from National Statistical Office of Thailand (NSO) collected in 2015. Overall, factors affecting health promotion service consumption for Thai male and female are different. At 1 percent significance level, Thai male's probability of utilizing health promotion services is positively influenced by status of having chronic diseases, education, better score of self-assessment on health comparing with others, and age. The unhealthy behavioral factors including preference of adding extra-seasoning, alcohol consumption, and smoking negatively impact the probability of health promotion service consumption. For Thai female, at 1 percent significance level, the prospect to utilize health promotion services increases when she owns a road vehicle, has worse self-assessment on severe health condition, and grows older. On the other hand, the probability of health promotion service consumption plunges for an additional score on problem of self-caring. The other negative determinants on the chance of using health promotion services are smoking, preference of adding-extra seasoning, and living in municipal district.


In a weakly ionized plasma, the evolution of the magnetic field is described by a 'generalized Ohm's law' that includes the Hall effect and the ambipolar diffusion terms. These terms introduce additional spatial and time-scales which play a decisive role in the cascading and the dissipation mechanisms in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. We determine the Kolmogorov dissipation scales for the viscous, the resistive and the ambipolar dissipation mechanisms. The plasma, depending on its properties and the energy injection rate, may preferentially select one of these dissipation scales, thus determining the shortest spatial scale of the supposedly self-similar spectral distribution of the magnetic field. The results are illustrated taking the partially ionized part of the solar atmosphere as an example. Thus, the shortest spatial scale of the supposedly self-similar spectral distribution of the solar magnetic field is determined by any of the four dissipation scales given by the viscosity, the Spitzer resistivity (electron–ion collisions), the resistivity due to electron–neutral collisions and the ambipolar diffusivity. It is found that the ambipolar diffusion dominates for reasonably large energy injection rate. The robustness of the magnetic helicity in the partially ionized solar atmosphere would facilitate the formation of self-organized vortical structures.


Human services distance education research has traditionally focused on pre-post testing of students to discover if distance education methods are comparable to traditional classroom methods in terms of student learning and satisfaction. This focus on comparability using quantitative research techniques ignores the substantial amount of information automatically captured when using some distance education (DE) methods. By combining quantitative, qualitative, and graphic techniques, educators can not only address comparability issues, but can also identify what classroom or DE methods result in higher or lower student learning and satisfaction. This research uses NUD*IST, SPSS, and Excel to illustrate the type of analysis needed for a masters social work course on administration taught via classroom and chat-room. Findings from the analysis support previous research on the comparability of DE methods to classroom methods and the qualitative and graphic analysis of chatroom text helps explain why this is so. We discuss the potential of this multi-technique DE approach for course improvement and for achieving student-defined quality.


The effect of crystallinity and spherulite structure on the properties of Poly(1-butene) (PB-1), including tensile strength, yield strength and flexural modulus, was studied. The results show that isotacticity plays an important role in the spherulitic morphology and mechanical properties. With the increasing in isotacticity, the crystallinity increased and the size of the PB-1 spherulitic crystals decreased, therefore the mechanical properties were enhanced.


Flooding is one of the many environmental problems that occur in some watersheds (DAS) in Indonesia. Based on Lusi Utama's research (2019), is the large level of debit in SUB-watersheds Arau-the city of Padang, which is calculated based on land use that causes flooding. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the flooding that occurred in the Arau Watershed by managing the area and land use that is ideal. Some of the results of research on floods occur as a result of human behavior, namely by changing the function of infiltration land into developed land. There was a high increase in flooding in Padang City from 2008 2018. This shows the condition of the Watershed (DAS) is bad, causing floods and sedimentation. By using a map of the earth and analyzed with the Argis X, obtained extensive maps and land use. Thiessen and Gumbel methods for calculating planned rainfall is used. The amount of discharge due to land use is analyzed by Rational methods. Analysis of discharge that occur due to rainfall will be compared with discharge obtained from land use. If the discharge due to rainfall is greater than the discharge due to land use, it is necessary to adjust the area and type of land use that can reduce flooding. The area and type of land use arrangement called the land use model is to reduce flood, the largest green land required is 50.21% in the Lubuk Paraku, and the smallest is 7.32% in the Sekayang.


Aims: The usefulness of opioid antagonists in the treatment of alcoholism has been suggested both in the experimental and in the clinical field: Design: Randomized clinical trial. Methods: 30 patients who met the criteria for alcohol dependency or abuse (DSM IV), and who had undergone 3 or more aversion treatments in the last three years were included. The patients were randomly distributed into two groups. The first group (NTX) (n=15) received a pharmacological treatment in the form of an aversion treatment for one year plus 25 mg of Naltrexone daily during the first 6 months; the second group was used as a Control, receiving aversion treatment daily for 12 months. Afterwards follow up controls were carried out with regard to the degree of abstinence/relapse after 12, 18, and 24 months. Results: The data are analyzed by means of a survival analysis (during the first 6 months) and a risk estimate (in the subsequent temporal controls). The probability of remaining abstinent during the first six months is greater in the NTX group than in the control group (p= 0.0244). One year after initiating the study/program, 73.3% of the NTX group subjects and 20% of the control group subjects remained abstinent (RR= 0.21; C195% 0.06 to 0.81); after 2 years 40% of the experimental subjects remained abstinent, versus none of the controls (RR= 0.50; C195% 0.28 to 0.88). Conclusion: We believe that the combined treatment of aversion and NTX would be effective in patients with multiple relapses, who are refractory to treatment; patients in whom the classic aversion treatment has shown to have a limited efficacy.


Author(s): Shapiro, Lee; Eason, Charles T.; Murphy, Elaine; Dilks, Peter; Hix, Steve; Ogilvie, Shaun C.; MacMorran, Duncan | Abstract: Feral cat and stoat control is conducted in New Zealand to protect a number of threatened native species, including kiwi, from predation. Para-aminopropiophenone (PAPP) is being developed for predator control. Previously reported cage trials have shown PAPP presented in a meat bait was palatable and effective, while symptoms observed demonstrated PAPP to be humane. Subsequent field trials on stoats were undertaken in two blocks of native forest and achieved 83% and 87% reductions in the stoat abundance index, and a field trial on a population of radio-collared feral cats had an 84% kill. PAPP represents one compound from a new class of active ingredients, which we are calling red blood cell toxins. These vertebrate pesticides have humaneness, and low secondary and non-target poisoning risks, as their primary consideration. The dose is optimised to be effective in the field and reduces oxygen supply to the brain such that animals become lethargic, sleepy and unconscious prior to death within 1-2 hours. Results from these field trials on stoats and feral cats indicate that PAPP will be a useful additional tool for predator control.


The present invention comprises a positive electrode, negative electrode and solid electrolyte, and also high interfacial resistance because less battery power, and, and has good charge-discharge cycle characteristics, the present invention relates to a lithium ion can be used so long term stability to a secondary battery . The present invention, the solid electrolyte-interface between the positive electrode and / or the solid electrolyte at the interface between the negative electrode, a lithium ion secondary battery with a buffer layer made of a fine fiber is formed, the positive electrode is not in contact directly with the solid electrolyte, without being disposed through the buffer layer, the negative electrode is not directly in contact with the solid electrolyte disposed through the buffer layer. The buffer layer is made of a carbon fiber having a diameter of between 0.5 and 1000nm, is an organic liquid is impregnated. The surface of the solid electrolyte is done processing the texture, wherein the texture of the work surface abuts with the buffer layer. The solid electrolyte is a lithium ion conductive glass-ceramic.


The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of monotherapy with sitagliptin, or its combination with glimepiride in glycemic control, islet cell diameter and its proliferation in type 2 diabetic rats. Rats were fed with a high fat diet followed by injection with a low dose of streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes. Then, rats were switched to normal diet and for other 28 days. Monotherapy with sitagliptin did not affect the body weight, while its combination with glimepiride did not induce a significant change. The combination increased the % change in body weight compared to sitagliptin alone. All the treatment regiment enhanced glucose clearance as indicated by a reduction in the area under the curve. Pancreatic immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis were performed to measure the diameter of islet cells, insulin-positive area and the number of Ki-67 positive nuclei. In sitagliptin group, diameter of large-sized islets was 2-fold greater than those observed in diabetic group. The monotherapy with glimepiride did not change the islet-cell diameter. Further, the combination group showed better glycemic control and greater cell proliferation compared to monotherapies. Consequently, we conclude that the combination therapy of sitagliptin/glimepiride has synergistic effect.


In this paper, we consider turbulence from a geometric perspective based on the vorticity equations for incompressible viscous fluid flows. We derive several quantitative statements about the statistics of turbulent flows. In particular we establish an entropy decay inequality which involves the turbulent kinetic energy and L-enstrophy, and we identify the small time scale of the vorticity broken down and the vorticity creation under the universality assumption of small time scales of turbulence flows. key words: Navier-Stokes equation, rate-of-strain tensor, Reynolds number, turbulent flows, vorticity MSC classifications: 76F05, 76F20