Joint pain is one of the very common problems amongst the elderly age population. Clinically it is characterized by shula, shotha and prasaarana-aakunchanayo pravruttischa vedana. Ayurveda described various treatment modalities for the management of joint pain such as; snehana, swedan, upanaha, lepa and herbal medicine. Kayachikitsa is branch which deal with use of ayurveda drugs for the management of various diseases. This branch also recommended use of different natural medicine for the treatment of joint pain. Guggulu (Comiphora mukul) is most common drug used in Amavata; disease of joint pain. Similarly various herbal formulation of Ashwagandha, Rasna, Sunthi, Pippali, Gokshura and Trivrut are also recommended in diseases of joint pain. Present article summarized role of herbal medicine in joint pain.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Kayachikitsa, Joint Pain, Shula, Vedana.


This article presents a stabilizedGalerkin technique for approximating linear contraction semi-groups of class C in a Hilbert space. The main result of this article is that this technique yields an optimal approximation estimate in the graph norm. The key idea is two-fold. First, it consists in introducing an approximation space that is broken up into resolved scales and subgrid scales, so that the bilinear form associated with the generator of the semi-group satisfies a uniform inf-sup condition with respect to this decomposition. Second, the Galerkin approximation is slightly modified by introducing an artificial diffusion on the subgrid scales. Numerical tests show that the method applies also to nonlinear semi-groups. c © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 17: 1–25, 2001


Assessing the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in subsurface water storage has strong societal and environmental implications, as it is key to assess the water availability for the ecosystem and society. This challenge is especially significant in mountainous areas, where the local population totally depends on springwater as a freshwater resource, while water storage dynamics is complex to evaluate because it exhibits spatiotemporal heterogeneities on all scales as a result of the topography. In this study, we compare the water balance of a headwater granitic catchment (CWB) with water storage changes assessed from in situ continuous gravity monitoring using an iGrav superconducting gravimeter (SGWSC) located at the summit of the catchment. We show that SGWSC and CWB exhibit a similar annual cycle, although they deviate in the months following winter peak flow events. We investigate the reasons for these discrepancies using a tank model adjusted to the SG signal. This shows that during these events, the effective discharge in the SG footprint area is much lower than the catchment streamflow. We attribute this difference in the drainage term to a lower contribution of the upper part of the catchment to the generation of peak flow, compared to the lower part.


Objective To study quality of life and compliance about comprehensive nursing intervention on patients with the superficial bladder cancer during peri-operation period.Methods Forty patients with the superficial bladder cancer during peri-operation period divided into the observation group and the control group.The control group use of conventional superficial bladder cancer during peri-operation period nursing;the observation group use in conventional superficial bladder cancer peri-operation period nursing basis,add comprehensive nursing intervention measures.Results The rate of health knowledge and health skills standards of the observation group higher than that of the control group,with significant difference(P 0.05).Two weeks after the comprehensive nursing intervention.The mental function,social function,quality of life score of the observation group was better than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.01).The mental state and sleep quality of the observation group was better than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).The observation group were better compliance rate of 65% more than 30% that of the control group,with significant difference(P 0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention measures can meet the needs of health education of patients and inspire the confidence to overcome the disease of superficial bladder cancer during peri-operation period and to improve subjective satisfaction and compliance of patients.


This paper discusses Ricardian trade and payments theory in the case of a continuum of goods. The analysis thus extends the development of many-commodity, two-country comparative advantage analysis as presented, for example, in Gottfried Haberler (1937), Frank Graham (1923), Paul Samuelson (1964), and Frank W. Taussig (1927). The literature is historically reviewed by John Chipman (1965). Perhaps surprisingly, the continuum assumption simplifies the analysis neatly in comparison with the discrete many-commodity case. The distinguishing feature of the Ricardian approach emphasized in this paper is the determination of the competitive margin in production between imported and exported goods. The analysis advances the existing literature by formally showing precisely how tariffs and transport costs establish a range of commodities that are not traded, and how the price-specie flow mechanism does or does not give rise to movements in relative cost and price levels. The formal real model is introduced in Section 1. Its equilibrium determines the relative wage and price structure and the efficient international specialization pattern. Section II considers standard comparative static questions of growth, demand shifts,


Objective: Eremurus spectabilis M. Bieb. is grown in East and Southeast Mediterranean regions of Turkey, and is commonly used as an edible plant in these regions. The aim of the current study was to determine the antioxidant activities of different E. spectabilis M. Bieb. extracts and some sulfur compounds. Materials and Methods: In this study, the antioxidant activities of aqueous, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of E. spectabilis M. Bieb. and sulfur compounds (α-lipoic acid, cysteamine, cysteine, diallyl sulfide, glutathione, homocysteine, N-acetyl cysteine, vitamin U and 1,4-dithioerythritol) were assessed in several antioxidant tests. These tests included reducing power, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, N,N-dimethyl-4-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, metal chelating activities and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power. The phytochemical profiles and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of all extracts were investigated. Results: It was found out that the antioxidant activities of all the extracts and sulfur compounds generally increased with concentration increases, the highest antioxidant activity was found in ethyl acetate extract, while the aqueous extract was found to have the lowest antioxidant activity. Diallyl sulfide was found to have the highest antioxidant activity, whereas vitamin U had the lowest antioxidant activity. It was observed that all extracts of E. spectabilis M. Bieb. and the sulfur compounds showed antioxidant activity. Conclusion: The E. spectabilis M. Bieb. and sulfur compounds investigated in this study could be considered as a source of antioxidants.


Introduction At the age of eight, I became a member of the Cub Scouts. In the months after my investiture, I read and re-read The Cub Book, the comprehensive handbook that contained merit badge requirements and helpful instructions on how to properly carry out a diverse range of necessary actions, such as starting a fire, singing a marching ditty, and carrying paper bags of groceries.1 Of particular interest and frustration was the section on knots. Eventually, I was able to master the basics – the "bowline", the "clove hitch", the "taut line", and even the confusing and seemingly useless "sheepshank". But there was one knot illustrated in the book that I never could get quite right: the "hangman's noose". Looking back, it seems remarkable to me that an eight-year-old boy would be given a book that provides the essential knowledge needed to perform a lynching, but I suppose the risks were minimal: it was a very difficult knot to get right.2 I suspect that over the centuries, more than one executioner has similarly struggled with construction of this knot. Scattered throughout historical records, there are dozens (if not hundreds) of accounts of so-called "botched executions", in which the hangman's noose frays, breaks, slips, unravels, or for one reason or another just does not accomplish its purpose: as Dorothy Parker succinctly lamented regarding the unreliability of death by hanging, "[n]ooses give".3 But the incidence of botched executions has not been


Three Schiff base ligands have been derived by the condensation of o-hydroxyaldehydes i.e. salicylaldehyde, ohydroxyacetophenone and o-hydroxypropiophenone with propane-1,2-diamine. Metal complexes of Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ , Cd 2+ have been synthesized using the prepared Schiff bases and characterized on the basis of metal analysis, spectral (IR, UV-vis, 1 H NMR), magnetic, conductance analysis. Based on these analytical data geometry of the complexes has been proposed. Antibacterial activity of the prepared complexes was investigated and some of the prepared complexes are supposed to be moderately effective against selected human pathogenic bacteria.


Resistances to sexual and gender rights are shifting and need new theorisations. This article develops the analytical concept of heteroactivism by exploring its relation to abortion debates in Ireland. Heteroactivism as an analytical category examines resistances to sexual and gender rights that seek to reiterate the place of the heteronormative family (both in terms of gender norms and heterosexuality) through activisms that can stand against new legislative orders. The article investigates three texts to explore how the 'Vote No' campaign in Ireland discussed 'loving both', but in the main thrust of the poster campaign instead focused on the foetus as an 'unborn child'. Using textual and visual analysis, we show the creation of Ireland through seeking to 'love both' and create a distinction from the dangers, and foreign contagion, of England. The article concludes by arguing that ongoing work is needed to explore heteroactivism and its diverse manifestations, including in abortion debates.


The domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) is commonly used in biomedical research and is becoming increasingly popular as a pet. An estimated 5 million ferrets are kept in 1 million homes in the United States. Therefore, it is likely that diagnostic laboratories are or will be involved in diagnosing ferret diseases. This report describes the clinical, histologic, and bacteriologic aspects of an intestinal disease that may cause significant morbidity and mortality in domestic ferrets. A live 1 16-week-old female ferret was presented to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory on September 9, 1988, for examination. The owner stated that it was one of approximately 50 animals out of a total population of 1,000 on his commercial ferret farm that were suffering from a "watery scour," anorexia, and weight loss. The owner also stated that another 30 ferrets had died during the previous 3 weeks after exhibiting similar clinical signs. Some of those ferrets had a mucoid or mucohemorrhagic diarrhea. Observation of the ferret prior to euthanasia failed to disclose abnormal behavior. At necropsy, the gastointestinal tract was empty, and the large intestine was slightly thickened. The thickening was subtle and could have been easily overlooked. There were no lesions in the small intestine or in the other organs. A fecal sample collected by the owner approximately 4 hours prior to arrival at the laboratory was evaluated by routine sugar flotation technique and was negative for parasites. A fecal sample can also be utilized to obtain a quick, presumptive diagnosis of campylobacteriosis by microscopic examination of a Gram-stained (use carbol-fuchsin as the counterstain) fecal smear. Best results are obtained from a very fresh fecal sample collected from a ferret with acute diarrhea. This technique was not used in the present case. Sections of large and small intestine were placed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 5 μm thickness, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and War-thin-Starry stains. Histologically, there was a purulent exudate in the colon lumen and on segments of the colon mucosa. The majority of lamina propria was infiltrated with sheets of lymphocytes, but some focal areas also contained neutrophils, plasma cells, and macrophages. There was focal exfoliation of epithelium from the mucosal surface. The majority of mucosal glands were branching, irregular in shape, and lined by crowded and multilayered polymorphic epithelial cells (Fig. 1). Clusters of curved or S-shaped organisms were observed in the apical portions of many of


Community characteristics and soil catalase,sucrase,urease and phosphatase activity and distribution in the natural recovery process of vegetation on secondary grassland of abandoned land area of different eras(1,2,3,4,5,8,15,24,31a)in the downstream of Shiyang river were investigated and analyzed by the method use space instead of time.The results indicate that 34 species of plant can be found in the 9investigation samples during 31 asuccession after abandoned.The vegetation communities of annual herbaceous as constructive species and Perennial herbaceous with individual bush plants as associated species gradually succession to single shrub community.Strong continuity and graduality showed in the process of succession.Besides,most of the soil enzyme from different depth(0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm,30-40cm)of abandoned lands of different eras show significant differences(P0.01)on the activity.The soil enzyme activity decreased with the increase of soil depth,and that of surface occupies a large proportion in the total enzyme activity of the 4layer.With the time of succession increased,the general trend of soil enzyme activity declined in a fluctuant way same as that of species richness and diversity index.Soil enzyme activity and vegetation restoration is an interactive process with a feedback between them.Furthermore,the change of soil enzyme activity is slow,and has correlation with crops grew the last year.


We have demonstrated a unique radical carbon-oxygen coupling polymerization of the stable biphenoxy radical . OPh(Ph) 3 -Ph(Ph) 3 O . with a variety of methylene monomers. The resulting polymers are soluble in common organic solvents and are quantitatively cleaved upon heating to low molecular weight species. The cleavage raction makes them interesting candidates for photoresist materials


Synopsis Problems in the theory of soil consolidation are of great significance in determining the settlement of structures, since foundations of rational size can be designed only on the basis of trustworthy prediction of the base deformation. In the past fifty years the development of soil consolidation theory has received much attention in the U.S.S.R., beginning with the basic works of Gersevanov (1931). The latest works in this field are devoted to the consolidation of multiple-phase soil systems, taking into account the deformability of all phases of the soil (including the creep of the soil skeleton), the degree of saturation, the natural compaction and the structural nature of the soils (Tsytovich and Zaretsky, 1967; et al.) The Paper treats in detail the main stages of development of the filtration consolidation theory as formulated by Terzaghi, Gersevanov and Florin and in the more general formulation the Florin-Biot theory of volumetric forces and the generalized theory of volumetric forces. Th...


Balloting on a new test method for use in the ranking of porous packaging materials used in sterile packaging applications by their ability to provide bacterial holdout was completed in July 2007 by ASTM International Committee F02 Flexible Barrier Packaging. As a result of this balloting, there is a new test method available for evaluating the barrier capabilities of porous materials intended for use in the packaging of terminally sterilized products. This new test method, ASTM F2638-07 Standard Test Method for Using Aerosol Filtration for Measuring the Performance of Porous Packaging Materials as a Surrogate Microbial Barrier, utilizes an aerosol of 1.0μm diameter polystyrene spheres to measure the filtration efficiency of porous materials. Unlike its predecessor, ASTM F1608-00(2004), Standard Test Method for Microbial Ranking of Porous Packaging Materials (Exposure Chamber Method), which uses actual spores of a nominal 1.0 μm size for testing and can take several days to produce results, the apparatus defined in the new ASTM F2638-07 test method can provide almost instantaneous test results.


OXILYZER®is a device to obtain acidic electrolyzed water from tap water. The purpose of this study was to examine to apply the electrolyzed water for dental region. To establish general rules for usage of acidic water (Aqua-oxidized water), the oxidation-reduction potential and chorine (·Cl)-concentration as factors germicidal effect, the efficiency to rinse the mouth and the germicidal effect against microorganisms were examined. Changes in the quality of Aqua-oxidized water the germicidal effect on some oral microorganisms and those with the passage of time on preseruative condition were also examined. The washing efficiency of alkaline water was measured simultaneosly.The following results were obtained.1. Aqua-oxidized water with pH below 2.7, O. R. P. over 970 my and the concentration of Clover 0.8 ppm had germicidal effect. Though the germicidal effect of Aqua-oxidized water was reduced by the existance of salivary protein, dilution the protein by rinsing the mouth for three times showed a sufficient germicidal effect on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.2. The germicidal activity of Aqua-oxidized water was reserved for one month when sealed and shaded in a dark container at 4°C.3. The less the pH value, the more the solutional rate and the more the effect were obtained in the alkaline water.


Candidate supernova remnants (SNRs) G23.5+0.1 and G25.5+0.0 were observed by XMM-Newton in the course of a snapshot survey of plerionic and composite SNRs in the Galactic plane. In the field of G23.5+0.1, we detected an extended source, ∼3′ in diameter, which we tentatively interpret as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) of the middle-aged radio pulsar B1830–08 (J1833–0827; P = 85.3 ms, τ = 147 kyr, = 5.8 × 1035 erg s−1, d = 5.7 kpc), with the PWN luminosity L0.2–10 keV ≈ 5 × 1033 erg s−1 ≈ 8 × 10−3 . The pulsar is not resolved in the EPIC images. Our analysis suggests an association between PSR B1830–08 and the surrounding diffuse radio emission. If the radio emission is due to the SNR, then the pulsar must be significantly younger than its characteristic age. Alternatively, the radio emission may come from a relic PWN. The field also contains SGR 1833–0832 and another middle-aged pulsar B1829–08 (J1832–0827; P = 647 ms, τ = 161 kyr, = 9.3 × 1033 erg s−1, d = 4.7 kpc), none of which are detected in our observation. In the field of G25.5+0.0, which contains the extended TeV source HESS J1837–069, we detected the recently discovered young high-energy pulsar J1838–0655 (P = 70.5 ms, τ = 23 kyr, 5.5 × 1036 erg s−1) embedded in a PWN with extent of 1.′3. The unabsorbed pulsar + PWN luminosity is L2–11 keV ≈ 2 × 1034 erg s−1 ≈ 4 × 10−3 at an assumed distance of 7 kpc. We also detected another PWN candidate (AX J1837.3–0652) with an extent of 2′ and unabsorbed luminosity L2–10 keV ≈ 4 × 1033 erg s−1 at d = 7 kpc. The third X-ray source, located within the extent of the HESS J1837–069, has a peculiar extended radio counterpart, possibly a radio galaxy with a double nucleus or a microquasar. We did not find any evidence of the SNR emission in the G25.5+0.0 field. We provide detailed multiwavelength analysis and identifications of other field sources and discuss robustness of the G25.5+0.0 and G23.5+0.1 classifications as SNRs.


We consider steady-travelling solitary and transitional waves in a two-layer flow of immiscible viscous fluids in a vertical plane microchannel. To model the waves, we use evolution equations derived in Sisoev et al (2009 Chem. Eng. Sci. 64 3094–102). The problem is re-formulated in terms of a dynamical system to find homoclinic and heteroclinic trajectories in the phase space corresponding to solitary waves and transitional waves, respectively, in the physical space. Existence of such a rich set of solitary waves indicates that at real-life flow conditions, there are a variety of families of periodic waves which develop due to instability on the interface. In particular, shapes of the solitary waves given here can be used to identify observed periodic waves.


The needs for long-term care (LTC) are expected to increase gradually due to an aging population in Europe and in the United States. The population aged 65 or older, which is more at risk of dependency, will more than double by 2050 according to the forecasts of the European Union (Pestieau and Ponthiere, 2010). In 2015, 12 million people in the United States have some level of need, half of which are considered to have a high level of need which is characterized by two or more limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) or severe cognitive impairment requiring assistance (ASPE, 2015; Kaye et al. 2010). By 2050, the number of people who need assistance due to a high need is projected to approach 15 million (Nordman et al., 2016). Brown and Finkelstein (2007) explain LTC expenditures are one of the largest uninsured financial risk facing the elderly in the United States. Brown and Finkelstein (2008) estimate that about one-third of 65-year olds will enter a nursing home. The length of the nursing home stay is mostly less than twelve months. They show however that 12 percent of men and 22 percent of women will spend more than 3 years at a nursing home. The financial cost for these stays is quite high: in 2002, the average cost for a year in a nursing home was $50,000 for a semiprivate room, and even more for a private room (MetLife Mature Markets Institute, 2002). The associated cost of care correlates with the need for help. Estimates of 2015 suggest that annual costs in a nursing home are roughly $85,000 and home care approximately $25,000 (Genworth Financial, 2015). These LTC costs increase faster than inflation. Recent studies (ASPE, 2015) estimate the average of future dependency costs at $138,000 (the half being paid out of pocket) for an American turning age 65 today.


A multi-speed cellular automaton is used to simulate the escaping pedestrian flow in a corridor under the open boundary condition. Keeping the total number of people fixed, and pedestrians moving in different speeds, we studied the evolution of pedestrian flow by varying the parameters of system size. The relationships between parameters of system size and the transition time are discussed in this paper. It is found that the transition time tc closely depends on the width (W) of corridor and the maximum speed Vmax of people, it scales as tc∝W-0.80±0.06, and $t_c\propto V_{\rm max}^{-\alpha}$, in which α increases with the width of doors. However, the width of doors and the strength of drift have little influence on the transition time.


The mirror image is a symbol of the I reflected in the other.It makes the subject permanently in paranoiac alienation and the subject can not gain a real self-identification.The mirror image is not only the object that the subject is concerned about,but also the force of the subjects endless pursuit.The nothingness and the symbolic quality of mirror image motivate the subjects desires.


In recent years, due to the rapid change in technology, mobile phone usage and subsequently the health complaints is increasing day by day. This may lead to a critical problem if a timely note is not taken. The standard organizations such as ICNIRP, IEEE, and also FCC has already guided the limits on the radiation power radiated by these electronic devices for protecting mankind from overexposure to electromagnetic radiations. Most of the previous studies investigated and show the corelation between the higher risk of biological unwell effects on human health due to the long-term recurrent use of cell phones. In this paper, the health effects due to EM radiations from wireless device specifically from a mobile phone is reviewed.


A it is possible to suppress stagnation of the liquid to be circulated, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost and volume of the liquid flow path, and to suppress the error based on individual difference of the ironing tube or displacement detector it can be to provide a pressure detecting device pressure can be detected more accurately the liquid flow path. A displacement detector 18 for detecting the radial displacement of A the ironing tubes 1a, a pressure calculating means 20 to calculate: removal pressure from the displacement, closed flow while include disposed position of the displacement detection means 18 a closed flow path forming means capable of forming a tract, and the pressure change means capable arbitrarily changing the pressure in the closed flow path, a pressure detecting means capable of detecting a change in pressure in the closed flow path, detected by the pressure detecting means which was equipped with a calibration curve acquiring means 26 may be obtained by preparing a calibration curve for the calibration of the displacement detecting means 18 and the pressure calculating unit 20 the relationship between been detected value of the pressure change and the displacement detection means 18 is there. .FIELD 1


Bacterial respiratory infections especially in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is still continue as common health problem especially in developing countries with high morbidity and mortality often due to respiratory failure. Isolation and identification of common bacterial pathogens among COPD patients and to determine the drug sensitivity and resistant pattern of isolated pathogens was my research objective. It was a cross sectional study and study was conducted among purposively selected 250 samples. In this study, bacterial pathogens were isolated from sputum. In all cases Pseudomonas spp. (38.55%) was the most common frequent isolates followed by Escherichia coli (16.87%), Klebsiella spp. (34.93%), staphylococcus aureus (3.61%), streptococcus spp. (3.61%) and Acinetobacter spp. (2.40%). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done


Conflicts of cooperative finance and government supervision is inevitable and autonomy of rural financial cooperatives predicates limitation of government supervision.Affairs such as organization,management and operation of the cooperatives should be determined generally by members rather than government unless out of demands of protection of social interests.Indeed,rural financial cooperatives can exercise risk management effectively under self-made regulations and customs while taking their own advantages.As such,the supervisory power of the China Banking Regulatory Commission should be limited and its supervisory scope be altered.At the same time,the self-regulating power of cooperatives should be enhanced.And most importantly,all said above should be accomplished within a statutory framework.


This paper examines the COVID-19 pandemic response in Iran and offers speculations on the possible impact of its experience on the future response to other health emergencies and disaster risk management based on the lessons learned. The COVID-19 experience in Iran is unique in several aspects, including the significant role played by the healthcare workers' sharing and exchange of information through Internet-based networking applications. A sociocultural environment was weakening public trust and cooperation using preventive strategies such as less than the optimum wearing of face masks and attending large social gatherings. There was hesitation in receiving the necessary vaccine doses due to public skepticism over the effectiveness of domestic COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, healthcare workers and health services were afflicted with a lack of sufficient manpower and material resources to fight the pandemic. Moreover, a strong and mostly negative influence of political agenda and religious influence on preventive health policies, especially an initial governmental ban on the import and use of Western vaccines and the pressure to hold religious festivals during the outbreaks, were prevalent. The lessons that can be learned from this ongoing crisis include the value of independent healthcare information networks, transparency in the communication of health information to the public to get their trust and cooperation, and an emphasis on the separation of health policies from political and religious interference.


This presentation will review the beam dynamics issues such as impedance driven instabilities, intra-beam scattering, and the Touschek lifetime in ultimate storage rings with very low emittance. INTRODUCTION Ultimate storage ring (USR) is defined as the diffraction limited light source for 1Å wavelength. Hence the USR would provide very high brilliance X-ray to user experiments. The brilliance B of a light source is given by B = Φ 4πΣxΣx′ΣyΣy′ , (1) where Φ is the total flux of the radiation, and the Σ's are the transverse rms beam sizes and divergences of the radiated photon beam. The radiation distribution is the convolution of the electron distribution and the natural radiated photon one. To reach diffraction limited operation of a light source, the electron beam emittance should be less than the natural photon emittance σrσr′ = λ/(4π), i.e.


Terence Ranger. 2013. Writing Revolt: An Engagement with African Nationalism, 1957-67. Woodbridge, UK: James Currey. 206 pp. The cover of Writing Revolt features a grinning Terence Ranger-sporting a fur hat, and standing slightly in front of his wife, Shelagh-next to a variety of his colleagues from Southern Rhodesia's nationalist movement. They include Joshua Nkomo and Robert Mugabe. The occasion: Ranger's deportation from the colony in February 1963. Above the photograph is the book's title, and the two combined reveal Ranger's major aims for this work: "producing a record of the African awakening which I had witnessed....And the process which led me to write that first book" (p. xi). "That first book," of course, was Ranger's now-classic 1967 Revolt in Southern Rhodesia, which told the story of Ndebele and Shona resistance against the British South Africa Company in 1896-1897. In some ways, Revolt in Southern Rhodesia feels like a mirage in this book. It flits swiftly in and out of the narrative, ever-present, but often overshadowed by Ranger's methodical account of early nationalist action in Southern Rhodesia in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Ranger's own contribution to multiracial nationalism was initially tied to his position as warden of the three residence halls of the University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: here, he began his fight against segregation (in the face of difficult Rhodesian parents, including the "fat, florid and mediocre" parliamentary opposition leader [p. 18]). Ranger would soon extend this struggle to the colony via Citizens Against The Colour Bar. At every stage, Ranger's politics and historical research were intertwined: as he asked himself in the late 1950s, "[Nationalist rallies grew in size and fervour, [and] I began to wonder. Where had all this come from? What were the antecedents of African nationalism in Southern Rhodesia?" (p. 37). Readers of Writing Revolt experience the same rollercoaster as its author half a century ago. Ranger's use of his extensive personal papers written at the time (now archived at Oxford) permits this closeness, but also the daily diaries of his dear friend and colleague--to whom Writing Revolt is dedicated in part--John Reed. Reed's text provides an alternative view of the often-agonizing decisions which Ranger faced in his personal and public lives. Thus we feel the heady excitement of hard-won victories against segregation; but it is tempered by tragedy: the failure to create a coherent nationalist movement in the 1960s; the divisions between ZAPU and ZANU; the travails of tribalism and regionalism; and more personally for Ranger, the death of Sketchley Samkange, and his increasing isolation from politics and friends in Southern Rhodesia after his exile. …


A wavelength-spacing switchable multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber lasers incorporating a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) based on nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) has been demonstrated. The intensity-dependent transmission effect originating from NPR ensures room-temperature multi-wavelength lasing, which is further self-stabilized by the four-wave mixing in the HNF. Moreover, the equivalent Lyot birefringence fiber filter with two cascaded birefringence fibers makes the wavelength spacing switchable depending on the effective length of the birefringence fiber. The experimentally obtained multiwavelength outputs agree well with the simulation filter transmission spectra.


Dynamization processes and channels of scientific communication is materialized in emergence on mechanisms to systems evaluation and qualification based on results of research and their producers of scientific information. In this study, the magnitude of compliance with certain quality standards in Peruvian scientific journals is determined, and a distinction is made with indicators for measuring scientific impact and web visibility according to the type of university and presence of journal in evaluation plattforms and indexes. Approach of bibliometric and cybermetric analysis is used, using scientific journals as units of analysis selected by their country of publication: Peru, and registered in the most known regional systems of evaluation and classification of journals. Among the results found, it is worth mentioning that the majority of Peruvian journals (53%) meet 29 criteria or less of editorial quality; as for H-index, highest proportion corresponds to journals with an H-index equal to or less than 3 (59%); also, in terms of web visibility, the results are much lower than expected: only three out of five articles are found in the academic web.


This work is related to a project of medical robotics applied to surgical endoscopy, led in collaboration with Doctor Berreni from the Saint Roch nursing-home in Perpignan (France). After taking what Doctor Berreni advises, two aspects of endoscopic color image processing have been brought out: (1) The help to the diagnosis by the automatic detection of the sick areas after a learning phase. (2) The 3D reconstruction of the analyzed cavity by using a zoom.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


Abstract. We investigated whether including an applicant's photograph on a resume boosts or hampers the accurate assessment of that person's (Big Five) personality traits and intelligence. A group of 114 participants rated 8 applicants (4 men and 4 women) with respect to their personality traits and intelligence. We used a 3 × 2 (Condition [resume with photograph, resume without photograph, photograph only] × Sex [male, female]) between-subjects design. In all conditions, all personality traits (except Agreeableness) were assessed at better than guessing level. Including a photograph on the resume did not significantly alter the accuracy of personality assessment.


A coupled map model for chaotic phase synchronization and desynchronization phenomena is proposed. The model is constructed by integrating the coupled kicked oscillator system, with the kicking strength depending on the complex state variables. It is shown that the proposed model clearly exhibits the chaotic phase synchronization phenomenon. Furthermore, we numerically prove that in the region where the phase synchronization is weakly broken, anomalous scaling of the phase difference rotation number is observed. This proves that the present model belongs to the universality class discovered by Pikovsky et al. Furthermore, the phase diffusion coefficient in the de-synchronization state is analyzed.


The karyotypes of bone marrow cells of Tadarida teniotis insignis Blyth and Hipposideros pratti were examined and described.
The numbers of diploid chromosomes are 48 in T. teniotis insignis, comprising 4 pairs of metacentrics, 7 pairs of submetacentrics, 6 pairs of subtelocentrics and 6 pairs of telocentrics. There is a medium submetacentric X and a very small telocentric Y chromosome in its sex chromosomes. There is a small satellite on the short arm of the chromosome No. 18.
The numbers of diploid chromosomes are 32 in H. pratti, comprising 13 pairs of metacentrics, 2 pairs submetacentrics. There is a medium metacen-tric X and a small subtelocentrics Y chromosome in its sex chromosomes. There is a secondary constriction on the long arm of the chromosome No.7.


This paper presents a new design scheme of discrete-time adaptive pole-placement control for a pneumatic servo system in the presence of disturbances. Disturbances treated here are described as time-polynomial expressions. In this design scheme, a controller containes a faculty for eliminating the influence of disturbances. This paper shows experimental results where a pneumatic servo system is subjected to constant disturbances such as stick fractions and additive external forces. In this experiment, we compare this design scheme with a conventional design scheme. As the results, this design scheme shows superior control performance such as a accurate positioning in the presence of disturbances. Kew Words: pneumatic servo system, adaptive control, adaptive pole-placement, disturbance, positioning, digital control


Science of mobilization of military equipment is a new subject,and the basic theories are still in the phrase of being researched.In order to conduct mobilization of military equipment better,it should make clear about the basic questions relating to mobilization of military equipment,especially the conception and the basic location etc.With the development of the theory,the subject of mobilization of military equipment must be an important branch and composition part of the theory of mobilization under information condition as an independent science.


Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) provide many benefits to the electricity grid, including stability, backup power, and flexibility in introducing more clean energy sources. As BESS penetration grows, knowledge of the uncertainty in the battery's state of charge (SOC) estimate is crucial for planning optimal BESS power injection trajectories. This paper proposes a framework for quantifying SOC estimation uncertainty based on battery rest periods. An uncertainty analysis is presented for a BESS participating in the frequency regulation market.


Radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) is a promising new therapeutic modality for the treatment of a variety of malignancies. Humanized monoclonal antibody (MAb) h-R3 is a product, developed at the Center of Molecular Immunology in Havana, Cuba, that was labeled with rhenium 188 (188Re) (Center of Molecular Immunology in Havana, Cuba). It can be used in the treatment of neoplasia of transformed cerebral cells that overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R). The acute local and systemic toxicity effects of single intravenous dose of 188Re labeled or unlabeled MAb h-R3 in 100 Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. The rats were distributed into 5 groups of 20 animals (10 male, 10 female) from a mean dose of 14.20 mCi/m2 on 20 μg/100 μL/animal to a mean dose of 41.86 mCi/m2 on 60 μg/300 μL/animal. Standard endpoints were collected at various times after administration (ie, days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70). Endpoints included clinical observations, an abbreviated neurological assessment, body weight, hematology and clinical chemistry parameters, and, at the study termination, necropsy examination, organ weight, and histological evaluations. RAIT did not show toxic effects in the bone marrow or in peripheral blood, High Dose of h-R3, an AntiEpidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Labeled With 188Rhenium Following Intravenous Injection into Rats Barbara O. Gonzalez-Navarro, MVD, MSc* Angel Casaco, MD, PhD† Mariela Leon, DVM‡ Rene Leyva, MSc‡ Avelina Leon, DVM* Edilis Santana, BSc* Ana Margarita Bada, MSc* Nelvis Subiros, MSc* Normando Iznaga-Escobar, PhD† Rolando Perez, MD, PhD† *El Centro Nacional para la Produccion de Animales de Laboratorio (CENPALAB) [National Center for Breeding of Laboratory Animals], Havana, Cuba †Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba ‡Isotope Center, Havana, Cuba


The H shaped catecholamides have been shown to be excellent actinide chelators. Decontamination factors as high as 145,000 have been mesured with the ligand absorbed onto a resin. Higher decontamination factors are inevitable once the ligands are bonded to a support so that all of the molecules will be available for chelation rather than just being smeared on the surface. Experiments are underway to evaluate backbone configurations' effect on plutonium bonding. Also, the methods necessary to measure the stability constants of the complexes are being developed. 4 figures, 1 table.


Knowledge explosion in various fields during recent years has resulted in the creation of vast amounts of on-line scientific literature. Food Science &Technology (FST) is also an important subject domain where rapid developments are taking place due to diverse research and development activities. As a result, information storage and retrieval has become very complex and current information retrieval systems (IRs) are being challenged in terms of both adequate precision and response time. To overcome these limitations as well as to provide naturallanguage based effective retrieval, a suitable knowledge engineering framework needs to be applied to represent, share and discover information. Semantic web technologies provide mechanisms for creating knowledge bases, ontologies and rules for handling data that promise to improve the quality of information retrieval. Ontologies are the backbone of such knowledge systems. This paper presents a framework for semantic representation of a large repository of content in the domain of FST. Introduction With the rapid growth of on-line information, proper description of information is essential for effective information retrieval and filtering. Many proposals have emerged beginning with simple metadata and evolved to more complex and expressive structures. In the last decade, the exponential growth of information in Food Science & Technology (FST) research has brought to the forefront the need for automated knowledge acquisition, representation and analysis. Since the information is used by both computers and humans, there is a need for a knowledge representation that both can understand. The huge amount of information coupled with the need for automation also poses another problem, namely, heterogeneous sources of data are not compatible with each other making the task of finding and combining relevant information difficult. The most promising way to solve these problems is to use ontology-based knowledge representations. Ontologies provide common vocabularies using which knowledge can be represented in such a way that it is readable by both humans and intelligent agents. Such a framework can be seen as a model for representing organised knowledge in a given domain (e.g., FST). The idea of ontology is to describe and standardize basic concepts in the domain and support reasoning with axioms and predicates which can be used to define relationships among concepts. Such representations can be used for information integration from different sources by providing a common conceptual basis for the integrated information source. Before presenting our framework, a description is given of the salient features of work considered most relevant to ontology-based information services in the FST domain. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference is a database made by the United Stated Department of Agriculture to be the major source of food composition data in the United States. Its eighteenth release (SR24) includes 7,906 food items and up to 146 food components [United States Department of Agriculture, 2011]. AGROVOC is a multi-lingual thesaurus developed by the FAO that has about 40,000 concepts and 3 types of relations (preferred term, related term and broader term) [FAO, 2011]. In 2002, FAO initiated action to enhance the quality of its information services related to fishery. Noy et al [2001] have developed an ontology to represent wine, food and appropriate combinations of wine with meals ontology. Graca et al. [2005] has proposed a specialized wine ontology coverings maceration, fermentation processes, grape maturity state, wine characteristics, and classification according to country and region where the wine was produced. Villarıas


Background The quality of dentist's communication skills is considered as one of important aspects on the quality of dental health services assessment. During the initial interview conducted at Ketabang, Dupak, and Kepadangan community dental health services, it appeared that eighty percent of initial respondents were not satisfied with the communication aspect. Community Dental Health Services (CDHS) need to assess the communication performances based on community characteristics in effort to promote the quality and effectiveness of the dental health services. Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze patient's expectation values priorities on dentists' communication performances in CDHS that located in urban and rural area. Methods The study was conducted in Ketabang Surabaya, Dupak Surabaya and Kepadangan Sidoarjo CDHSs on July and August 2011. The participants were 400 patients above 18 old. Participants were assessed their expectation value using the communication performances of dental health services questionnaire. Results Patients in urban CDHS appeared that there were two priority aspects which had high values, namely the clarity of instructions and the dentist's ability of active listening to the patient, while patients in rural CDHS revealed that the clarity of instructions and dentist-patient relationship were the aspects with high values. Conclusion Patients in CDHS that located in rural area expect more dentist-patient interpersonal relationship performance than patients in CDHS located in urban area. This finding becomes a valuable information for CDHS to develop communication strategies based on community characteristics.


Roger E.G. Schutgens Van Creveldkliniek, Benign Hematology Center, University Medical Center Utrecht and University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the European Hematology Association. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NCND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. HemaSphere (2020) 4:2(e355) Citation: HemaSphere, 2020;4:2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ HS9.0000000000000355 There is a considerable variability in bleeding phenotype within hemophilia A patients with similar factor VIII (FVIII) levels, which to date has not really been understood. In search of an explanation, many studies have been performed to find mechanisms for regulationor compensationof bleeding inhemophilia.Not longago, hemophilia patients were found to have a 1.5-fold higher platelet factorV (FV) concentration compared to healthy blood donors. The authors suggested this to be the consequence of a compensatory procoagulant response to hemophilia bleeding. Although the assumption of higher clotting factor levels having more procoagulant potential is appealing, recent insights have shed a different light on this topic. The coagulation system is a highly complex network, where multiple proteins interact upon a platelet surface under flow conditions (Fig. 1). Nonlinear positive and negative feedback loops, individual thresholds and a dynamic continuum make it extremely difficult to study the contribution of individual proteins in the final coagulation properties in a single patient. One approach to systemically evaluate such complex network is through local or global sensitivity analysis, where the uncertainty in the output of a model can be appointed to different sources of uncertainty in themodel input. Recently, Link et al performed a global sensitivity analysis in search for a modifier of thrombin generation in hemophilia A. Potential candidates from this analysis were evaluated in a flow model of coagulation and by measuring thrombin generation by calibrated automated thrombography (CAT). After 110.000 simulations, they found that FV was responsible for 50% of the variance in their model. More strikingly, it appeared that low-normal levels of FV enhanced thrombin generation in FVIII-deficient plasma in this model of flowmediated coagulation. In a next step, they confirmed their findings in flow assays and using CAT. In both experiments, inducing lower FV levels within the normal range (to 60%) resulted in clearly enhanced thrombin generation. These effects were amplified by high-normal prothrombin levels in both experimental models. Their hypothesis is that lowering FV reduces competition between FV and FVIII for factor Xa on activated platelet surfaces (Fig. 1), which enhances FVIII activation and rescues thrombin generation in FVIII-deficient blood. There is a rare bleeding disease with a combined congenital FV and FVIII deficiency (F5F8D). In the model of Link et al, very low FV levels (<5% of normal) combined with very low FVIII levels (1%of normal) produced little to no thrombin in the simulations. Recently, Shao et al reported on


The impact of photoselective films on strawberry plants in a low tunnel system has not been well investigated in the northeastern United States, nor have there been studies looking at the effect of mulch color in a plasticulture system. During two separate years (2016 and 2017), we evaluated 'Albion' in an annual system with three ground mulch treatments (black plastic, white-on-black plastic, and no plastic) and under six cover treatments. Five of the cover treatments were low tunnel films that varied in their ultraviolet, photosynthetically active, and near-infrared radiation transmission profiles: Tufflite IV (TIV), KoolLite Plus (KLP), Trioplast (TRP), and custom-manufactured UV-transparent (UVT) and UV-blocking (UVO) films. The sixth cover treatment was the traditional open bed environment (no low tunnel). 'Albion' produced fruit for 18 to 19 continuous weeks during both years until as late as Thanksgiving (24 Nov.) in 2016. Overall, the average marketable yield was greater in 2017 (486 g/plant) than in 2016 (350 g/plant), and it was greater on black mulch than on no mulch (445 vs. 380 g/plant, respectively); white mulch was intermediate (419 g/plant) (P # 0.05). There was not a significant increase in marketable yield under low tunnels compared with open beds. The average fruit mass was greater under KLP and UVO than open beds (TIV and UVT were intermediate), and greater on beds with no mulch than black mulch (white mulch was intermediate). Across cover treatments, plants on black mulch produced more runners than plants on white or no mulch, and the black mulch/open bed treatment generated the greatest number of runners in both years, more than double most other treatments in 2016. The present study demonstrates that mulch selection is important for maximizing the yield of 'Albion' in the Northeast region, and that both mulch and cover impact runnering and fruit size. For plant propagators producing 'Albion' tips in a field environment, the results of this study suggest they are likely to maximize runner quantity by cultivating plants on black mulch without low tunnel cover. Small protective structures called low tunnels are used in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) production systems throughout the world (Ariza et al., 2012; Esp ı et al., 2006; Fagherazzi et al., 2017; Hancock and Simpson, 1995; Rosati, 1990; Singh et al., 2012), but have not yet been widely adopted in the United States, including the Northeast, where rain and hail during the fruiting season can cause significant crop loss. Recent research shows that compared to traditional open bed strawberry production, low tunnels reduce disease incidence, increase the percent marketable yield, and promote greater marketable yields during the shoulder seasons. Greater total yields and/or fewer runners per plant have also been realized (Anderson et al., 2019; Costa et al., 2017; Henschel et al., 2017; Laugale et al., 2017; Lewers et al., 2017; Orde and Sideman, 2021; Petran et al., 2016; Pritts, 2017; Resende et al., 2010; Soliman et al., 2015; Van Sterthem et al., 2017; Weber et al., 2018; Willden et al., 2021). With several recent exceptions (Anderson et al., 2019; Lewers et al., 2020; Willden et al., 2021), low tunnel research in North America has primarily focused on cultivar evaluation, not on the spectral transmission and effects of the films covering low tunnels. Yet, the current selection of agricultural films for protected culture is quite diverse and includes photoselective films, which can selectively block, reduce, or transmit specific wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Films that reduce far-red and near-infrared (NIR) radiation can be used to create a cooler daytime environment that is more suitable for heat-sensitive crops (Esp ı et al., 2006; Karlsson and Werner, 2011), and films that reduce or modify the red to far-red ratio (R/FR) (centered at 650 and 730 nm, respectively) can significantly affect plant morphology, development, and gene expression in strawberry (Folta and Childers, 2008). A low R/FR ratio from shading or supplemental farred light has been shown to cause a number of plant responses in strawberry, including the elongation of stems, leaves, petioles, and the promotion of flowering (Collins, 1966; Zahedi and Sarikhani, 2016), and a high R/FR ratio can result in more compact strawberry plants (Fletcher et al., 2004). Furthermore, plant exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggers the production of secondary metabolites involved in a number of important processes and compounds, including protective compounds that absorb potentially damaging UV rays in the epidermal tissue (Caputo et al., 2006; Kakani et al., 2003; Lamnatou and Chemisana, 2013; Mazza et al., 2000; Schreiner et al., 2017) and those that are responsible for the red color of strawberry fruit (Rein and Heinonen, 2004; Yoshioka et al., 2013). Greater anthocyanin, flavonoid, and/or phenolic contents have been reported for strawberry fruit produced under UV-transparent films than UV-blocking films, and UV-transparent conditions have been associated with a faster rate of color development (Henschel et al., 2017; Tsormpatsidis et al., 2011). In the existing body of research related to photoselective films and strawberry production, films often differ in more than one region of the spectrum, making direct comparisons difficult. However, under medium protective structures (e.g., high tunnels), greater strawberry yields have been reported under films that transmitted higher percentages of UV-A, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and NIR than under films that reduced transmission in one or more regions (Fletcher et al., 2004; Karlsson and Werner, 2011). Work by Karlsson and Werner (2011) showed that when two films with similar PAR transmission were compared, yields were greater under the film that transmitted UV-A and far-red than under the film that blocked UV-A and reduced far-red, indicating that PAR alone was not the only driver of yield in the study. Greater early-season yields have also been reported under UVtransparent compared with UV-blocking (up to 380 nm) films (Casal et al., 2009; Tsormpatsidis et al., 2011). A greater fruit mass but reduction in fruit number were found under UV-blocking films compared with UV-transparent films for short-day plants (Casal et al., 2009; Tsormpatsidis et al., 2011). Since the short-day flower buds were initiated long before the application of the photoselective films in the study, the reduction in fruit number was attributed to reduced pollinator activity, not to UV exposure (Tsormpatsidis et al., 2011). There is limited work comparing photoselective films for low tunnels. In Quebec, Canada, 'Seascape' largely produced comparable yields under different films, with the exception of one year when higher yield under a HORTSCIENCE · https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI15886-21 1 of 10 particular film was attributed to 3% greater PAR transmission (Van Sterthem et al., 2017). In Maryland, Lewers et al. (2020) investigated the performance of multiple cultivars and photoselective films and reported that Albion tended to have above-average performance (compared with other films) under two films that blocked UV-B and had high PAR transmission. Interestingly, these films differed in their UV-A and NIR transmission substantially. In Minnesota, two experimental films that differed only in their UV transmission and were highly transmissive in the PAR and NIR ranges were compared and marketable yields were significantly greater under the UV-transparent films than the UV-blocking film in one of two years (Anderson et al., 2019;M. Rogers, personal communication). However, during the second year, yield was actually higher under the UV-blocking film, although not significantly (Anderson et al., 2019). In New York, a 1-year comparison of three commercially available films found yield was statistically comparable among films, but the authors made the observation that yield tended to increase with the level of UV-blockage (Willden et al., 2021). It is worth mentioning that all aforementioned studies used dormant bare-rooted (frigo) plants, as is still common in the Northeast. Recent work by Pritts (personal communication) indicated that the developmental stage of plants at the time when they are covered by low tunnels impacts their response to films. Pritts found that a reduction in radiation was detrimental to yield from dormant bare-rooted 'Albion', but that plants started early in the greenhouse produced greater yields under low tunnel films that reduced light transmission during the growing season (Pritts, personal communication). Interestingly, all published low tunnel studies with strawberry have used white (or white-on-black) plastic as the ground mulch (Anderson et al., 2019; Lewers et al., 2017, 2020; Petran et al., 2016; Willden et al., 2021), but black plastic mulch is the dominant mulch used for vegetable production in New Hampshire. Since northeastern growers have largely continued to rely on the perennial matted row system (Samtani et al., 2019), there has been limited research comparing black and white plastic mulches for plasticulture strawberry production. In themid-Atlantic region of theUnited States, 'Albion' yields have been greater on white mulch than on black mulch (Durner, 2017), and soil temperatures tend to be cooler under white mulch than under black mulch (Lamont, 1993). Since root and fruit development are most successful at cool temperatures ( 12.8 and 7.2 C, respectively) (Galletta and Bringhurst, 1990), white may be more suitable in warm locations or conditions, such as during the summer months. However, increased soil temperatures under black mulch (Lamont, 1993) may be beneficial during plant establishment during the very cool and moist spring season in the Northeast, as well as during the autumnmonths when temperatures drop precipitously. Performance data for different mulches, as well as differ


This proceedings, Geotechnical Engineering Congress 1991, consists of papers presented at the Geotechnical Congress held in Boulder, Colorado from June 10-12, 1991. The congress provides a forum for examining current state-of-the-art in geotechnical engineering and forecasting future developments. Some of the topics covered are: 1) In situ testing; 2) computer applications; 3) developments in geotechnical instrumentation; 4) earth reinforcing systems; 5) hazardous waste materials; 6) numerical modeling; and 7) load and resistance factor design. This proceedings provides the engineer with the opportunity to assimilate new information and cope with the joint challenge and trauma that change inevitably brings.


Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and recurrence. Recent findings have shown that ROS can be used to treat cancer as it accelerates death of tumor cells. At present, pro-oxidant drugs which are intended to increase ROS levels of the tumor cells have been widely used in clinic. However, ROS are a double-edged sword in the treatment of tumors. High levels of ROS induce not only tumor cell death but also oxidative damage to normal cells, especially bone marrow hemopoietic cells, which leads to bone marrow suppression and (or) other side effects, weakening efficacy of tumor treatment and even threatening patients' life. How to enhance the killing effect of ROS on tumor cells while avoiding oxidative damage to the normal cells has become an urgent issue. This study is a review on the latest progress in the role of ROS-mediated programmed death in tumor treatment and prevention and treatment of oxidative damage in bone marrow induced by ROS.


Astrophysical jets are relativistic outflows that remain collimated for remarkably many orders of magnitude. Despite decades of research, the origin of cosmic rays (CRs) remains unclear, but jets launched by both supermassive black holes in the centre of galaxies and stellar-mass black holes harboured in X-ray binaries (BHXBs) are among the candidate sources for CR acceleration. When CRs accelerate in astrophysical jets, they initiate particle cascades that form γ-rays and neutrinos. In the so-called hadronic scenario, the population of accelerated CRs requires a significant amount of energy to properly explain the spectral constraints similarly to a purely leptonic scenario. The amount of energy required often exceeds the Eddington limit, or even the total energy available within the jets. The exact energy source for the accelerated protons is unclear, but due to energy conservation along the jets, it is believed to come from the jet itself via transfer of energy from the magnetic fields, or kinetic energy from the outflow. To address this hadronic energy issue and to self-consistently evolve the energy flux along the flows, we explore a novel treatment for including hadronic content, in which instabilities along the jet/wind border play a critical role. We discuss the impact of the different jet composition on the jet dynamics for a pair dominated and an electron-proton jet, and consequently the emitted spectrum, accounting for both leptonic and hadronic processes. Finally, we discuss the implications of this mass-loading scenario to address the proton energy issue.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors of hospital infection after chemotherapy in acute leucemia patients, and discuss the methods of preventing and curing. METHODS Eighty three hospital infection cases and their therapy were analyzed retrospectively in acute leucemia patients who had been accepted primary chemotherapy. RESULTS The infection rate of the patients whose age exceeded 60 and the absolute neutrophil count(ANC) depressed were heightened. The method of G-CSF adding antibiotic shortened the days of fever and ANC reversion as 7.0±1.8, 9.8±2.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The low level of ANC and the old ages are the primary factors that lead to hospital infection; the method of G-CSF adding antibiotic could reduce the hospital infection rate and its seriousness.


A mixture model clustering algorithm is presented for robust MRI brain image segmentation in the presence of partial volume averaging and image intensity inhomogeneities. The method uses additional classes to represent voxels of mixed tissue type with their probability distributions modeled accordingly. Intensity inhomogeneities are taken into account by modeling the class mean values as functions of location. The final result is the estimated fractional amount of each tissue type present within a voxel. The algorithm was evaluated using manually segmented and simulated images. The results showed comparable performance to an adaptive Bayesian method exemplifying the state-of-the-art in binary classification.


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English writing is a weak point of college English student,then a big problem confronting the teachers is how to improve the students' writing ability.Motivating the students' interests in writing;reinforcing their comprehensible input;and emphasizing writing teaching model,can help students find the rule of wnting,finally improve writing expression ability gradnally.


Global optimisation (say, minimisation) of an objective function H(σ), framed as a Hamiltonian of a statistical mechanics system, via a sequence of Metropolis samplers for the Gibbs distributions determined by H(σ) at decreasing values of the temperature parameter T → 0. Let H : S → R be a function to be minimised over a finite (but typically very large) state space S. Assume that S has some neighbourhood structure S = (S, N) (cf. page 24). In any specific application of the method, the algorithm designer typically has a lot of freedom in the choice of the most appropriate N. This choice can have a significant effect on the efficiency of the algorithm: one would like to have N such that N(σ) is small for each σ ∈ S, yet the resulting Metropolis chains converge rapidly. The Gibbs distribution determined by H at temperature T is (recall page 58): π (T) σ = Pr T (σ) = 1 Z T e −H(σ)/kT = 1 Z T e −βH(σ) , where β = 1/kT .


A plug extraction preventing unit and a transceiving cord are provided to enable an engaging portion of a latch member to be fixed by a catching portion of an opening with a stepped-shape of a socket when a plug attached with the plug extraction preventing unit is inserted into the socket and enable release of engagement of the engaging portion to be allowed or prevented by lock units, thereby preventing the plug from being unplugged from the socket. A plug extraction preventing unit(13) comprises the followings: a latch member having an engaging portion(14c) for engaging a predetermined portion of a socket when the member is inserted into the socket together with a plug(11); lock units for allowing or preventing release of engagement of the engaging portion(14c) engaged with the predetermined portion of the socket; and a housing which receives the latch member and the lock units inside, and is formed to be fixable to the plug(11).


Derek Allen, Richard Boyd, and Alan Gilbert have suggested that Marx's normative political views should be reconstructed as a sophisticated version of moral consequentialism. This paper investigates whether Marx's ostensible anti-moralism differs in any interesting way from Mill's sophisticated utilitarianism plus some Marxist social science. I present an account of the social meaning and implications of moral language and argument, based on Marx's description of morality as a social practice based on distinctive motives, emotions and sanctions, to explain why Marx would reject moral consequentialism. This account will explain how Marx can consistently reject morality yet retain a normative basis for his social criticism.


Population densities of the seed feeding bug, Lygaeus equestris have been followed for several years in three large study areas, each containing several host plant patches, in east central Sweden. Seed pod production of the perennial host plant Vincetoxicum hirundinaria as well as densities of another seed feeder, the tephritid fly Euphranta connexa, were also monitored. Densities of seed pods, E. connexa and L. equestris fluctuate about two orders of magnitude during a period of 11 yr. Population changes of L. equestris are density-independent during the non-breeding period of the year encompassing hibernation and preand posthibernation migrations. In most years mortality is low during this period, but occasionally high mortalities occur. During the breeding period, population changes are density-dependent and highly variable. Both sunshine conditions and abundance of seeds from the previous year affected population change during the breeding season. No competitive effect on L. equestris by E. connexa could be detected, despite the fact that E. connexa attacked over 90% of the pods in several years. Population density of L. equestris is determined by the sequence of weather effects of at least two years. The amount of sunshine, which affects the insect directly, also has indirect and delayed effects by affecting pod production of the host plant, and hence density of seeds on the ground in the following year. Furthermore, whereas population growth of L. equestris is positively affected by an increase in sunshine hours, pod production is negatively affected. This leads to considerable inertia in the temporal tracking of food resources by L. equestris.


Abstract. The value of contrast sensitivity testing in glaucoma is still unsettled. To determine their value in screening for glaucoma 2 methods were applied to glaucoma patients (12 simplex, 9 pseudo‐exfoliative). The techniques included an oscilloscope method generating centrally presented gratings and the Arden grating test. Results obtained were compared to those of age‐matched normals (n=11, one eye randomly selected). Unacceptable false negative rates were found for both methods, as well as a high false positive rate (2/11 normals) with the Arden grating test, confirming findings in earlier studies. No correlation could be demonstrated between contrast sensitivity deficits and visual field disturbance, glaucoma type or duration. It was concluded that central contrast sensitivity for static gratings is unable to reliably indicate the presence or absence of early glaucoma.


shows that through the research activities of the College of General Practitioners the conception of general practice is being enlarged rather than narrowed, and that the family doctor is now working not only in the consulting room but also in the epidemiological field which was formerly looked upon as the preserve of the medical officer of health. But what the report brings home once again is that the general practitioner is the first person to whom the sick go for advice; and so he is the first person to observe the ill-effects of drugs and the first to detect the outbreak of an infection. For some time now general practitioners have been crying out for improvements in their conditions of work, and in the current number of the Journal of the College of General Practitioners (August, 1962) an interesting symposium on practice management indicates where improvement is needed. In a survey of 33 practices in the Home Counties carried out by his colleagues and himself Dr. John Fry found that in the practices conducted by " good G.P. members of the College " morale was high and the doctor-patient relationship excellent. But 20 of the 33 practices had unsuitable premises. The general practitioners "seemed over-resigned to accept their situations and premises and were rather sceptical and cynical of any help for the future development of their practices." To discover this among such a high proportion of good general practitioners is discouraging, but Fry and other contributors to the symposium are determined to give the leadership that is necessary to break through this barrier to good work. They intend to develop an operational research unit within the college and an advisory service for general practitioners. Financial help is obviously needed if the conditions in which practitioners work are to be commensurate with the opportunities now opening before them. Fry stresses " the need for incentives to stimulate all general practitioners-not only those in the College." Articles by Dr. F. H. Staines on clinical records, by Dr. G. S. Adams on planning and premises, by Dr. Agnes T. Kennie on the contribution of doctors' wives to general practice, by Dr. J. A. S. Forman on ancillary help, and a time and motion study by Dr. L. A. C. Wood, are further encouraging indications that general practitioners are not sitting back waiting for somebody else to tell them what to do but are getting to grips themselves with their own


Introduction: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a threat for health worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in people over 15 years old in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total of 387 subjects were selected by cluster sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and questions related to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. Data were analyzed by SPSS Software. Results: 44.4 of subjects were male and 55.6 female. The results showed that 98.4 and 93.5 of subjects had been exposed to cigarette and hookah smoke, respectively. 12.7 and 14.7 of subjects revealed to be always and often exposed to cigarette smoke, respectively and just 1.6 did not expose to cigarette smoke. 52.2 of subjects exposed to cigarette smoke at public transportations and 31.3 at home. 93.4 of subjects exposed on hookah smoke at home. There was no significant difference between males and females regarding environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Conclusion: The majority of the subjects were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Preventive efforts and educational programs are necessary to inform people regarding the harmful effects of environmental tobacco smoke


The objective of this study was to determine some chemical, nutritional and bioactive properties, such as total phenolic compound, antioxidant activity, dietary fibre, enzyme resistant starch, and rutin and quercetin contents of common buckwheat cultivars (Gunes cv. and Aktas cv.) bred in Turkey. They were prepared as wholegrain buckwheat and buckwheat groat flours. Protein contents were in the range of 14.4-15.4%. Average total dietary fibre, total starch and resistant starch contents of wholegrain buckwheat and buckwheat groat flours were 29.5 and 7.6%, 52.9 and 78.1%, 4.64 and 4.38%, respectively. Total phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activity were higher in wholegrain buckwheat flours than that of the buckwheat groat flours. Rutin flavonoid contents of the wholegrain buckwheat flours were higher than that of the buckwheat groat flours. An average quercetin flavonoid contents in wholegrain buckwheat flours and buckwheat groat flours were found as 10.8 and 11.23 mg/100 g of flour, respectively.


The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the living environment on the nutritional behavior of children aged 10-12. There was used an auditory method. Questionnaires were filled in by 100 children residing in the countryside and in the city. The Food Attitude Survey (FAS-R) method had been used to assess the knowledge and acceptance of 20 food products presented in the study by children. The conclusion was formulated as follows: children from villages more often than their peers living in the city eat between meals some products with health-promoting properties. The results obtained can be used in the design and marketing phase of new products for children and adolescents. The article has a research nature.


This paper presents external pumping system cooling technology of thrust bearing for large hydro-generator and analyses the characteristic of cooling technology of thrust bearing pads. Suggestions are made for the design of such cooling technology.


Half of all consumers who received advance tax credit subsidies for health insurance in 2014 would have to pay back a portion of them to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), according to a new analysis by the Kaiser Family Foundation.


We present evidence here that alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can be a natural host species for a new strain of Cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV), for which the name CNSV-A (alfalfa) is proposed. Prior to this report, the virus has not been identified in alfalfa. ABSTRACT We present evidence here that alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can be a natural host species for a new strain of Cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV), for which the name CNSV-A (alfalfa) is proposed. Prior to this report, the virus has not been identified in alfalfa.


The adult human hemoglobin molecule, like many other proteins, consists of two different polypeptide chains in duplicate and can be denoted as a&. The principal function of hemoglobin is oxygen exchange between lungs and tissues. The functional molecule requires specific insertion of the nonprotein heme group in the three-dimensional folding of the four polypeptide chains. Each polypeptide chain of hemoglobin is specified by a sequence of nucleotides that codes for a particular hemoglobin. The heme group undergoes biosynthesis via a series of sequential reactions each of which is specified by at least one enzyme. Two major structural globin genes participate directly in hemoglobin construction. In addition, as many structural genes as there are component polypeptide chains for each enzyme of heme biosynthesis are involved in the genetic specification of a hemoglobin molecule.


The dairy industry like most other agro-industries generates strong wastewaters with high biological and chemical oxygen demands representing the high organic content. The let out of untreated wastewater may cause serious problems in terms of organic load on the local municipal sewage treatment systems. The study examined the mediator-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) for the treatment of whey wastewater with simultaneous current generation in the presence of E. coli. The maximum current generated using whey wastewater was 3.019–6.99 W/m2/d with a constant resistance of 10 Ω with 0.1 N potassium permanganate as catholyte with carbon and graphite as electrodes respectively. The graphite electrodes were able to produce more current when compared to the carbon electrodes. During the study a biomass concentration of 3.042 g/l with a CO2 production of 13–20 mg/l as NaCO3 and H2 production of 20–25 ml/d respectively were obtained. The distance between the electrode and the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) and the distance between the electrodes in case of the dual electrodes also played an important role in the power generation. SEM image evidences the bio-film formation on the electrodes that supported the power density and a COD removal of 91–98% was also obtained. This phenomenon could be utilized to design an inexpensive autonomous system consisting of graphite or carbon electrodes, an electrical load and a recordable voltmeter to track energy generation due to E. coli fermentations. In the near term, these fuel cells could be utilized as a research tool for metabolic studies where the current response of microbial fuel cells would be extremely useful.


Minimum audible angles (MAA) in both the horizontal and the vertical directional were measured for sound source locations distributed over virtually the complete sphere around the listener. Stimuli were noise bursts with either a fixed (flat) spectrum, or a random spectrum with 1/3‐octave levels drawn from a uniform distribution with a 20‐dB range. It was found that, in general, horizontal MAAs are smallest for sound sources in or near the median plane and vertical MAAs are smallest for sources around 90° azimuth. The results for the random‐spectrum stimuli show some unexpected asymmetries. Though listeners were almost unable to localize sources in the median plane with elevations in excess of 30° (vertical MAAs were then 60° or more), they attained moderate MAAs for lower elevations. The MAA for frontal presentation was even similar to the result obtained with fixed‐spectrum noise. Results furthermore show that horizontal MAAs for sources at 90° azimuth are much larger for positive elevations than for ne...


A redundant robot for specific application to conveyor tracking and obstacle avoidance is considered in this paper. This paper also presents an optimal path planning approach to minimize the cost of moving a redundant robot manipulator along a specified geometric path subject to angular velocity constraints. A sliding controller is introduced to improve performance. The proposed path planning approach using the forward kinematics and the perturbation method can be applied to solve the motion-planning problem with task priority requirements, such as obstacle avoidance. As opposed to the conventional approach, the Jacobian matrix is not used in the proposed method. The solution is obtained according to the design objective using an optimization procedure.


Purpose
The study has two main objectives. The first is to introduce three new examination policy practices: overbooked exam rooms, a substitute invigilator and an inheritance of the invigilation distribution. The second is the use of the examination model to determine the sustainability of the system against expected changes and to obtain long-term strategic information. This study aims to obtain managerial insights on the sustainability of the examination system with the newly introduced practices; it does not claim to propose solutions for large-scale problems.

Design/methodology/approach
This study introduces a multi-objective mathematical model that contains a couple of constraints that belong to new practices. To check the sustainability of the system, this study gets help from sensitivity analysis, which informs the decision-maker about how the results will react to parameter changes. The authors perform all experiments in the Python/Gurobi modeling environment.

Findings
The results demonstrate that the proposed practices are effective in the efficient use of resources. Also, this study shows that the examination model can be used as a stress test so that the weaknesses of the system can be identified and long-term strategic information can be obtained.

Originality/value
The contribution of this study is twofold: the introduction of examination policy practices that are overbooked exam rooms, a substitute invigilator and an inheritance of the invigilation distribution. Overbooked exam rooms aim to use resources effectively, taking into account the possibility of temporarily increasing the exam room capacity. The substitute invigilator protects the examination process against sudden events. The inheritance of the invigilation distribution helps to ensure fairness; and the use of the examination model to obtain managerial insights on expectations. This allows testing the validity of existing policies and making necessary changes, taking into account possible changes in the system. In this respect, it differs from the studies in the literature and fills an important managerial gap.


To further improve the perception ability of binocular vision sensor in getting rich environment information and scene depth information, a research method of a robot obstacle recognition and target tracking based on binocular vision was proposed. The method focused on target recognition and obstacle recognition of binocular stereo vision. The system based on obstacles of visual identification was set up. Through the analysis of the Bouguet mathematical model algorithm based on OpenCV, the binocular stereo correction was carried out and the obstacle recognition system was calibrated and corrected. Through the experimental data, it was found that the average error of the obstacle recognition and target tracking algorithm based on binocular vision could be controlled within 50 mm within the range of 2100 mm. The average time of obstacle recognition was 0.096 s and the average time consumption of the whole system was 0.466 s, indicating that the robot obstacle recognition and target tracking system based on binocular vision could meet the accuracy and real-timeness requirements of obstacle recognition and detection.


Both Barium titanate and Nickel ferrite were synthesized by Conventional ceramic processing method. Mixed oxide of BaCO3 and TiO2 for BaTiO3 and NiO and Fe2O3 for NiFe2O4 were calcined at 1000 oC for four hour and 900 oC for four hour respectively. Phases of particular compounds have been confirmed by XRD. For preparing multi ferroic composites the two separate powders are proved to be suitable. Composite (Four batches were prepared with composition 50:50, 60:40,70:30 and 80:20 ).


PURPOSE: To provide a process for producing an in situ blend which can be extruded into a film having an appearance grade tolerable as a commercial product. CONSTITUTION: Ethylene, an α-olefin comonomer, and a magnesium/titanium catalysts system are brought into contact with each other under polymerization conditions in each of two fluidized bed reactors connected in series. (a) In the first reactor for producing a low-MI copolymer, (1) the α-olefin is present in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.4 mol per mol of ethylene, (2) the ethylene partial pressure is at least 40 lb./in 2 . (b) In the second reactor for producing a high-MI copolymer, (1) the α-olefin is present in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.6 mol per mol of ethylene, (2) hydrogen is present in an amount of about 1 to about 3 mol per mol of ethylene, and (3) a hydrocarbylaluminum promoter containing diethylzinc in an amount of about 2 to about 40 mol per mol of the titanium is added. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


The opioid crisis currently dominates news across North America, with estimates of approximately 42,000 opioidrelated deaths in the United States in 2016 and nearly 4,000 in Canada in 2017 [1,2]. This growing crisis of opioid-related harm is complex and has been attributed both to broad use of prescription opioids over the past two decades and recent changes to the potency of illicit opioids. Prescription opioids are most commonly used to treat pain, and evidence suggests that they can be used safely and effectively at low doses, and for short durations [3]. However, following the introduction and heavy marketing of new controlled-release opioid formulations in the 1990s, the use of opioids to treat chronic pain became increasingly prevalent, despite limited evidence from clinical trials to support their long-term safety and effectiveness [3,4]. Importantly, these patterns of increased prescription opioid use correlated with increased rates of opioid misuse, opioid-related morbidity and hospitalizations, opioid use disorder, and opioid-related overdose that were observed across North America [3,5]. In recent years, policy-makers have developed drug policies in response to the concerns of harm arising from inappropriate opioid prescribing. However, as rates of opioid prescribing have started to fall in the United States and Canada, there is increasing concern that this has led to significant changes in treatment patterns for patients with chronic pain, and increased demand in the illicit opioid environment, which is increasingly becoming infiltrated with potent, synthetic opioids such as illicit fentanyl and its analogs. One jurisdiction that has been heavily impacted by the crisis has been the province of Ontario, Canada.


During the dredging process, suspended sediment will increase rapidly in the sea area and affect the surrounding marine ecosystem. Therefore, studying the transport and diffusion of suspended sediment in dredging project has important reference significance for marine ecological environment protection and ecological impact assessment. Based on MIKE hydrodynamic and sediment transport module, the suspended sediment diffusion during the construction of Shuangyu Island channel dredging project in Zhangzhou is simulated. The results show that the diffusion range and morphology of suspended sediment are mainly controlled by tidal current, and the total envelope area of suspended sediment concentration over 10 mg/L is about 4.38 km2 during the whole construction period. When antifouling curtain is added to the dredger, the total envelope area of suspended sediment concentration over 10 mg/L is about 3.56 km2. The diffusion of suspended sediment (>10mg/L) will affect the nearby recreational areas and aquaculture, and have a certain impact on the Marine environment. The results can provide scientific basis for quantitative calculation of biomass loss and ecological compensation caused by suspended sediment.


Production of radioisotopes of high specific activity was studied in the JRR-1 reactor using several (n,p) and (n,α) reactions, such as 24Mg(n,p)24Na, 27A1(n,α)24Na, 35Cl(n,p)35S, 35C1(n,α)32P, 58N...


In the present design is that the lid doedoe to improve the productivity of products with improved assembling workability and the components included in the lid that can be opened and closed on the upper part of the main installation that is the inner pot is received, seal means for sealing the inner pot is mounted; Doedoe provided at one side of the lid within the, rotation mounting guide portion that is formed to project on one side has a circular cross-section; And it provides a sensor mounted on the mounting portion of the apparatus wherein the rotation guide part and the coupling doedoe rotated by the rotation support portion that is provided so hyeonghap, the electric cooker comprises a sensor for sensing whether or not the combination of the lid and the inner pot. Electric cooker lid sensor


A countable locally finite triangulation is a strong triangulation if a representation of the graph contains no vertex- or edge-accumulation points. In this paper we exhibit the structure of an infinite strong triangulation and prove the existence of connected spanning subgraph with maximum degree 4 in such a graph


This paper proposes a unified electromagnetic transient model and control strategy for the voltage source converter(VSC) based HVDC transmission.The electromagnetic transient model of the VSC AC-side in the synchronous d-q reference frame has been built;the DC-side dynamics are formulated based on the principle of instantaneous power balance,the instantaneous power absorbed by three-phase series inductors is also considered.The developed models are used to design controllers.For the purpose of control active power and reactive power separately,a decoupled controller based on feed forward compensation method has been designed.The simulation tests realized by PSCAD/EMTDC that VSC-HVDC supplying passive network and connect active network have been adopted.The proposed control system produces the best transient performance;the simulation results verify the validity of the mathematical model and the feasibility of the control strategies.


The invention relates to a method for bleaching pulp in which, after defibration the pulp is produced from the first compartment 2 filtrate containing metals, principally in ionic form, and wherein these metals are then introduced into a certain amount of pulp 1 adsorbing these metals. Said pulp is processed, which do not have at least a significant negative impact metals present in the mass.


We show the existence of a nonlinear constraint satisfied by fields in scale-invariant theories. Our model consists of a dilaton field and additional scalar fields in curved space-time. Using the constraint one of the fields becomes auxiliary, decreasing the number of physical degrees of freedom by 1. Implementation of the constraint in a Weyl-transformed scale-invariant model generates exponential interactions from polynomial potentials.


Electronic/hybrid car and electroplating rectifier should have switching devices such as SCR, MOSFET, IGBT. And those switching devices should be operated by gate driver. In this paper, we propose high power gate driver that contains H-Bridge using 4 BJTs. H-Bridge and transformer generate isolate power. And gate control signal is transferred to isolated one by photo coupler and operate real switching device. We designed H-Bridge and 555-Timer by PSpice simulation and manufactured real product. Finally we succeed to operate 27V 50,000A electroplating rectifier using proposed gate driver.


Group investigations from the areas of number theory, probability, and geometry. are presented and discussed. By working in groups, sharing ideas, and making and testing conjectures, prospective teachers gain confidence in their own ability to do mathematics and develop a variety of useful problem-solving strategies.


A multinational research team addressing which technique works best for fast spectroscopic imaging in clinical practice struck gold in the poster hall on Wednesday afternoon.


The Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT), located in central Mexico, saw completion of the final construction phase in 2017 with the installation of the full 50-meter primary reflector, following three years of operation as a 32-meter facility. The task was accomplished by adding two more concentric rings of surface segments to the existing three inner rings. Various techniques have been used previously to measure and align the 32-meter surface, including multiple laser trackers and far-field phased holography. Whilst the former method is time-consuming, requiring a full night to obtain a single surface map, holography provides low spatial resolution and requires removal of the secondary reflector for installation of the twin-horn receiver at the primary focus. Photogrammetry has been used as an alternative measurement technique for the 32-m primary since 20151, and has gradually replaced our use of holography and laser trackers for this task2 during recent years. Once the object has been targeted, photogrammetry maps may be obtained in around one hour. The technique does not require the installation of special equipment on the antenna, and has the advantage of allowing surface maps to be taken at any chosen elevation. The main drawbacks for the LMT application are environmental, since the antenna operates without an enclosure; strong winds may prevent use of the site tower crane for image taking, while the formation of condensation and frost on the reflector surface will "switch off" the reflective targets. In this paper we discuss comparative measurements taken as the first outer segments were installed, and the use of photogrammetry to carry out the alignment of the fully installed 50-meter surface. At the time of writing this activity is still in progress, however full-surface alignment to the order of just over 100 microns was achieved quite quickly, with multiple elevation maps allowing the development of a usable 50-m active surface model for compensation of gravitational distortions.


In this study, the Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models had been developed to simulate and to predict the water quality of Laguna Lake. The input variables for the MLR model had been determined through linear regression. The ANN, kNN, and SVM had been modelled per water quality parameter with cross validation and evaluated through its accuracy. The performance of the MLR models had been evaluated with the statistical metrics R-squared, Mean Absolute Error, and Root Mean Square Error. A web-based water quality monitoring had been developed to incorporate in their monitoring. The results had indicated that the performance of SVM is superior in the prediction of classes in most water quality parameters. The study results had shown that the poor correlation between the water quality parameters indicated that the data cannot be modelled. The results had shown that the correlation had not reached the threshold to be significant of 60% for R-squared. As per the classification models, the results of the comparison had shown that SVM had been the best model in the majority of parameters.


Cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China's Hubei province, was reported to the China country Office of the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019. The causative agent was identified as a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on January 7, 2020, and the causative agent was identified as a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that has not previously been detected in humans. Later, the name of the 2019-nCoV disease was accepted as COVID-19, and the virus was named as SARS-CoV-2 due to its similarity to SARS CoV.1-3 During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period, special attention should be paid to personal protective equipment (PPE). Medical staff protection is particularly important because of the risk of infecting other medical team members, not only doctors, nurses, or paramedics but also other support staff necessary to ensure continuity of care for patients.