Background: Volume replacement is considered an essential component in the treatment of critically ill patients, but excess fluid administration can be as harmful as the lack of fluid therapy. Therefore, the volume replacement is only beneficial in patients deemed to be fluid responsive, that is, when the individual has an increase in their stroke volume after administration of a volume challenge. This study aim to assess whether conventional and advanced echocardiographic parameters for assessing left ventricular systolic function are able to predict fluid responsiveness in healthy spontaneously breathing dogs. The hypothesis was that some of these parameters would differ between responsive and non-responsive animals and could be used as a complementary measure for assessment of fluid responsiveness.Materials, Methods & Results: A prospective study was carried out in which 22 client-owned healthy dogs over 1 year of age that presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for elective neutering procedure were included. All dogs underwent conventional and advanced echocardiographic examination to obtain the left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalized (LVIDDn), left ventricular internal diameter in systole normalized (LVIDSn), ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (SF) according to the Teischholz methodology, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD). There parameters were evaluated before and after administration of a volume challenge with 10 mL/kg lactate ringer intravenously for 20 min. Based on the variation in aortic velocity integral time, 31.82% of dogs were considered responsive and 68.18% were non-responsive to the volume challenge. For advanced echocardiography, TMAD indexed by body weight (mm/kg) > 0.89 (P = 0.004) and body surface area (mm/m2) >18.9 (P = 0.004) after volume challenge had the best area under the curve values (both 0.895) and smaller gray zone intervals (0.52 - 0.81 and 14.89 - 17.88) for the identification of responsive dogs. Although, TMAD (mm/kg and mm/m2) before volume challenge was also higher in the responsive dogs (P = 0.041 and P = 0.029). As for conventional echocardiography, the LVIDDn < 1.39 (P = 0.003) before volume challenge had the best area under the curve value (0.866) and the smallest gray zone interval (1.4 - 1.57) for the identification of responsive dogs. The GLS and the TMAD in milimeters (mm), percentage (%) and indexed by cubic root of weight (mm/∛kg) did not differ between the responsive and non-responsive dogs before and after volume challenge.Discussion: TMAD indexed by body weight (mm/kg) and body surface area (mm/m2) before and after volume challenge and the LVIDDn before volume challenge may be useful measures to complement the assessment of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing dogs. This is the first study to use TMAD as a predictive parameter for fluid responsiveness in healthy, spontaneously breathing, dogs. Even it is an advanced echocardiographic technique, TMAD has advantages interms of execution time and the fact that it is less dependence on image quality or operator experience. It is possible that in the future such variables may form a useful part of the evaluation of fluid responsiveness in dogs. However, more studies are needed to better understand the applicability of these techniques, especially in dogs with hemodynamic changes.
Keywords: canine, global longitudinal strain, stroke volume, tissue motion annular displacement, TMAD, VTI.


The influences of gas viscous force, thermal stress, and plasma electrostatic force on heat-induced particle resuspension and transport in a plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber were studied experimentally. Using an in situ particle measurement system in a plasma CVD chamber based on a laser light scattering method, it was observed that silica particles with a diameter of 600 nm dispersed on a wafer were resuspended when the wafer was heated. At a wafer temperature of 573 K, when the pressure in the chamber was being changed, the removal ratio of particles from the wafer exhibited a weak dependence on pressure in the range from 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr) to 1.33 kPa (10 Torr). A theoretical calculation based on thermophoresis that considers a temperature jump could explain the trend of the experimental results. Since the removal ratio of particles from the wafer is greater with larger difference in the linear coefficients of thermal expansion between the wafer and the particles, it is considered that the particles are separated from the wafer due to thermal stress and are scattered towards the upper electrode by the force of thermophoresis. It has also been revealed that, when plasma discharge is applied, the removal ratio of particles is reduced due to the electrostatic force of charged particles.


phosphorylation of tyrosine residues often occurs in the signaling cascades of growth factors and in pathways relevant to the design, organization, and maintenance of cell structure and polarity ([7][1], [8][2]). Identification of proteins undergoing tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation has not received the


, 166ra2 (2013); 5  Sci Transl Med et al. Felipe García Control of HIV-1 Replication Based Vaccine Elicits T Cell Responses Associated with − A Dendritic Cell Editor's Summary patients. infected − functional cure, these results support future studies optimizing a therapeutic vaccine to maintain HIV-1 specific T cell responses. Although not yet a − interruption in vaccinated patients with a concomitant increase in HIV-1 therapeutic vaccine. The vaccine was safe and well tolerated. They observed a decrease in viral setpoint after cART The authors pulsed the patient's own DCs with heat-inactivated whole HIV and then used these DCs as a specific immune response and may change the setpoint of viral load. − based vaccine that elicits an HIV-1 − report a dendritic cell (DC) et al. infection, thus allowing discontinuation of cART and a ''functional cure.'' Garcia drug cost and worries about resistance. New vaccine strategies are attempting to control viral replication after However, current treatment requires ''cART for life,'' a less than ideal situation for HIV-infected individuals because of Combination antiretroviral therapy has turned HIV infection from a death sentence to a manageable disease. Putting the Vaccine Before the cART


Summary In partially shaded plants, phytochrome A contributes to the adjustment of photosynthesis in shaded leaves but is not directly involved in the induction of leaf senescence


This paper offers a comparative investigation of the multiphase flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian dispersions passing through an inclined channel. Couette and Generalized Couette flow models are taken into account. A fourth-grade fluid is taken as non-Newtonian fluid, as well as base fluid. The stress tensor of fourth-grade fluid is used to formulate the problem. The relative motion between fluid and the upper plate is considered, while the relative motion between fluid and lower plate is mistreated. Crystal and Hafnium nano-sized particles are utilized to prepare dispersions. An external magnetic field is applied to the multiphase flows of dispersions in the channel and at the same time, the impact of gravitational force is also examined which has great mastery on flows. The governing equations for two-phase flows problem are determined by using Naiver-Stokes equations of continuity and momentum. Partial differential equations are reduced into ordinary differential equations by using appropriate transformations. The perturbation method is used to find out analytical solutions to these ordinary differential equations. Exact and approximation solutions are obtained by using MATHEMATICA Software. The impacts of salient parameters on each type of flow for velocity profile are discussed graphically. Furthermore, the comparison of velocity profiles of multiphase flows of dispersions is also presented in tabular forms. The variation in the magnitude of the fourth-grade non-Newtonian dimensionless parameter has great importance in non-Newtonian dispersions. The outcomes dispose of that the two-phase flows of Newtonian fluids suspended with crystal and hafnium particles are better one than the bi-phase flows of fourth-grade dispersions. Moreover, the Newtonian fluids suspended with hafnium particles are more consequential than the Newtonian fluids suspended with crystal particles. Similarly, the same behavior is observed in fourth-grade non-Newtonian dispersions. Then it is concluded that hafnium particles are a better option than crystal particles. These amalgams are very useful in every field of life, especially medicine as nanofluid drug delivery. In addition to this, no comparative analysis between Newtonian and fourth-grade non-Newtonian bi-phase flows has so far been reported in the existing literature.


The presence of dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores has aroused much interest in its possible role in dormancy. It has been suggested that dipicolinic acid forms a part of the spore cortex (Mayall and Robinow, 1957), that a dipicolinic acid-calcium-protein complex stabilizes the spore against physical agents (Powell, 1953; Young, 1959), that dipicolinic acid is a factor in heat resistance (Church and Halvorson, 1959) and X-ray irradiation resistance (Woese, 1959), and that it is an activator of spore enzymes during germination by a chelate mechanism (Harrell, Doi, and Halvorson, 1957). The observation of Harrell (1958) that dipicolinic acid stimulated glucose and DPNH' oxidation in spore extracts threefold suggested that dipicolinic acid played a role in regulating spore metabolism. In preliminary studies, Halvorson, Doi, and Church (1958) found that it stimulated DPNH cytochrome c reductase and diaphorase of spores and vegetative cells. A more thorough examination of the electron transport system of spores (Doi and Halvorson, 1961) has made it possible to find a specific site of action of dipicolinic acid in relation to its observed stimulation of oxygen uptake in crude extracts. The present results demonstrate that it stimulates the soluble DPNH oxidase of spores and suggest that its mode of action is via an electron accepting mechanism.


Bhanu Kapil, Ban en Banlieue. New York: Nightboat Books, 2015. 109 pp. $15.95Bhanu Kapil's latest book begins with an annotated list of its contents, although some of those contents are only present in the list itself. Even "annotated list" might be misleading-each item appears on its own page, and the annotations are not just glosses but impacted narratives of each component's genesis or eventual excision. Part palinode, part overture, the table of contents for Ban en Banlieue reads like a draft for the work as a whole, with all the striking turns of thought, incident, and phrase that readers of Kapil's work have grown to expect. And yet this section also modulates our expectations, priming us for a series of notes and revisions within the texts that follow: "notes/instructions written into an AWP panel talk" titled "13 Errors for Ban"; "Auto-sacrifice (Notes)," the work's long central section; thirteen pages of acknowledgements labelled "End-Notes"; and a "Butcher's Block Appendix," which extracts one passage at random from the thirty-three notebooks that preceded the published work. This accumulation of notes suggests a kind of palimpsest, and Kapil shares with other contemporary writers an interest in the formal problems that emerge when an individual or collective memory overwhelms its record. But Kapil abandons the palimpsest as a visual form in favor of a practice of addition and emendation in time, translating the visual form of the palimpsest into a book of cyclical, amalgamating prose-a book that can be inventoried even as its contents resist being mapped or contained.Describing the book this way seems necessary, since the proliferation of sections and subsections, and the repetition of ideas, events, titles, and numberings between them, can make these banlieues (the French term for suburbs) feel more like a maze. Still, my initial description risks casting as solipsistic a work that is anything but. The proliferation of "notes" in Ban en Banlieue is not a writer's reflexivity flipping over into myopia, but the product of a conviction that what her book aims to address deserves more attention, more attempts at articulation, than any one writing could convey.Ban en Banlieue describes itself as a failed novel about a real race riot, but Kapil's re-visioning of the novel form, and what it might mean to fail within it, is complex. Her novel takes place on April 23, 1979, the day of a race riot in the west London suburb of Southall. Its action comprises "a brown [black] girl [...] walking home from school. She orients to the sound of breaking glass, and understands the coming violence has begun. Is it coming from the far-off street or is it coming from her home? Knowing that either way she's done for-she lies down to die." Kapil's goal in recounting this story, and expounding it at novel length, is "to write a sentence with content more volatile than what contains it. / So that the page is shiny, wet and hard. / So that sentences are indents not records; the soulful presence of a vibrant man or girl rather than persistence. / Their capacity to touch you in the present time." The proliferation of versions is here, from the outset, a tactic to keep the work from settling. And the novel becomes that mode of articulation that poetry is not: there will be no best words and no best order, but an unending, unfinished list.Listing in Kapil's work recalls the quotidian rhythms of writing, living, and thought, and she remains candid about the literal work of writing as well as the spaces and institutions that support it (MFA and AWP, university cafeterias and cafes). But Kapil's lists also intimate a desire for social change whose urgency is the other side of dailiness. Her earlier books, Incubation (2006) and Humanimal (2009), used the alphabet to index their components, putting in line experiences that were by their very nature out of hand. There, the alphabet became the recitation or refrain with which the child guards against the fear that they are lost; the need for such a refrain was manifest in the crescendo of O's with which Humanimal ends. …


The effect of mobile phase and flow on separation of anti-EGF monoclonal antibody in size exclusion chromatography has been studied.The result showed that anti-EGF monoclonal antibody separated by size exclusion chromatography could have the best column performance in the condition,when selecting 100mM phosphate buffer/150mM sodium chloride (pH7.0)as mobile phase and setting flow rate 0.6 mL/min.


Objective To assess the difference of Magnetic Resonance Urography(MRU)and 3D excretory contrast enhanced MRU(3D ceMRU)in visualization of upper urinary tract.Materials and Methods A total of 40 nondilated upper tracts in 20 health volunteers,16 moderately dilated upper tracts in 14 patients,and 22 markedly dilated upper tracts in 19 patients were evaluated with MRU and 3D-ceMRU.The upper tracts were divided into five segments:calyces,renal pelvis,proximal ureter,middle ureter and distal ureter.The imaging quality of MRU and 3D ceMRU was observerd and scored independently.Results There were no statistically differences between MRU and 3D ceMRU in visualization of the nondilated calyces,distal ureter,the moderately dilated upper tracts,the markedly dilated ureter(P0.05).There were significant differences between MRU and 3D ceMRU in visualization of the nondilated renal pelvis,proximal ureter,middle ureter,the markedly dilated calyces,renal pelvis(P≤0.05).Conclusion 3D-ceMRU is superior to MRU in displaying nondilated and mildly dilated upper tracts,while MRU is superior to 3D ceMRU in demonstrating markedly dilated upper tract.The two techniques are good at depicting moderately dilated upper tracts.


The DC fault ride through strategy for MMC-HVDC (Modular Multilevel Converter-High Voltage Direct Current, MMC-HVDC) transmitting isolated photovoltaic power is studied. Firstly, the structure of MMC-HVDC transmission system is introduced. Based on the dynamic process of DC fault, the control requirements in single-pole and bipolar scenarios are clarified. Through combination of negative voltage output strategy under grid-forming control and AC energy dissipation device, the DC fault current can be extinguished in single-pole operation while maintaining stable AC voltage. In bipolar operation, the control of the fault pole and AC energy dissipation device are coordinated, and the capacitor voltage balance strategy under grid-forming control proposed in this paper is applied for the fault pole and non-fault pole, which solves the fluctuation problem of AC voltage and sub-module capacitor voltage. Finally, a test system is built in the simulation environment of PSCAD/EMTDC, and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified.


This thesis focuses on the design, synthesis and analysis of multinuclear mixed-valent dioxolene complexes and Cu(II) nitroxyl complexes.

Chapter 1 contains a review of the relevant literature for the field of mixed-valent dioxolene complexes and molecular magnetism in nitroxyl complexes.

Chapter 2 reports the synthesis and crystallographic analysis of a series of novel highly porous solvent-supported supramolecular assemblies of triptycene derivatives.

Chapter 3 reports the complexation and characterisation of triptycene derivatives and related multi-dioxolene ligands with Pt(II).

Chapter 4 reports the synthesis, complexation and characterisation of a rigid tris(dioxolene) CTC derivative with Pt(II). It also describes the attempted synthesis of coordination polymers containing multi-dioxolene ligands.

Chapter 5 reports the synthesis and characterisation of a series of Cu(II) complexes containing the biradical ligand bisimpy.

Chapter 6 contains a description of all synthetic procedures undertaken during this work.


The paper presents a calculation model for simulation the technological process of inductive bending of tubes. In the case of an incorrect combination of geometric bending parameters (pipe diameter, bend radius and pipe wall thickness), the corrugation of the inner part in the pipe bend occurs. The proposed calculation model for the ADINA FE software allows for a relatively short time and at low cost to predict the emergence of corrugation. This work is supported by KEGA 015ŽU-4/2017 Digital technologies for machine building study programs as a part of strategy "Internet of Things". This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No.APVV-14-0096.


A reverse metamorphic multijunction (IMM) solar cell, comprising a supporting substrate; a bottom cell positioned on the substrate support; graded buffer layer is disposed on a bottom cell; a battery located above the intermediate graded buffer layer; and an battery is located on the intermediate cell.


Es reseña de: The search for the Codex Cardona. On the trail of a sixteenth-century treasure Arnold J. Bauer Durham y Londres : Duke University Press, 2009


Category: Hindfoot; Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: In progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD), hind- and midfoot deformities are paramount. However, an accurate assessment thereof, using weightbearing radiography, remains challenging. Automated three-dimensional (3D) measurements derived from weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) scans may provide a more accurate approach for deformity assessment. In this study, automated 3D measurements based on WBCT were compared to two-dimensional (2D) measurements performed on weightbearing radiographs. Furthermore, it was investigated whether various stages of PCFD could be identified using automated 3D measurements. Methods: Twenty patients treated at our institution with either a flexible (N=10) or rigid (N=10) PCFD were identified, retrospectively analyzed and compared to a control group of thirty healthy individuals. Four angles and two distances measured on weightbearing radiographs were compared to the automated 3D measurements derived from WBCT scans. Results: In 5 out of 6 variables, the reliability of the measurements derived from weightbearing radiographs was lower than the automated measurements that derived from WBCT scans. The automated 3D measurements showed: the talar tilt in the ankle mortise was more valgus in patients with a rigid PCFD when compared to patients with a flexible PCFD; medial facet subluxation was present in all but one patient; patients with a sinus tarsi impingement evidenced a higher overlap between the talus and calcaneus (12.4+-2.6 mm) compared to patients without impingement (7.8+-3.9 mm; P=0.020). Conclusion: A higher reliability of automated 3D measurements derived from WBCT scans, was evident for most variables when compared to measurements based on weightbearing radiographs. Besides being less prone to errors, automated 3D measurements may provide more reliable information regarding the hind- and midfoot alignment in patients with PCFD. Future studies may show to what extent 3D measurements could contribute to current diagnostic algorithms and treatment concepts of patients with PCFD.


The tram system of Istanbul, Turkey, is described. The tram lines are defined as the old tram, which runs in the newer part of the city north of the Golden Horn, and the new tram, which runs in the old city. The old system consists of a funicular underground railway (Tunel) and vintage trams run by the IETT (Istanbul Electric Tram and Tunel) authority. A heavy metro system runs between Taksim and the northern suburbs. The new tramway connects Eminonu to Zeytinburnu. There is also a connecting stub to the airport light metro line. ABB LRVs currently running on the new tramway will be replaced with 55 new Bombardier trams. Feasibility plans on the expansion of the new tramway are being conducted.


Dielectric elastomer (DE) transducers are a new technology offering many benefits for actuation and sensing devices. This work focuses on DE actuators (or DEAs) which have been shown to exhibit high-strain and high-speed characteristics. Diaphragm DEAs are a type of membrane DEA configured to operate out-of-plane. However, to produce reasonable stroke, membrane DEAs should be pre-stretched with a compliant mechanism. Therefore, the actuator system consists of the DEA and the necessary compliant mechanism. The first focus of this work to investigate how DEA membranes operate as a system and how they can be improved by designing compliant mechanisms which, when coupled with the DEA, give higher performance. Several compliant mechanisms are presented and experimentally compared. A bistable mechanism called a negative-rate bias spring (NBS) is shown to greatly increase the output of the DEA. The second part of this work presents two test devices and techniques for electromechanically characterizing DE membranes. One is a programmable electromagnetic motor to characterize diaphragm DEAs and test them under different loading conditions. The second device is designed to repeatably characterize planar DEs through a tensile test. The work includes a novel technique for obtaining a membrane thickness profile while stretching and/or actuating the DEA. The tester allows for a comparison of material performance parameters which aid in more informed design recommendations for future DEAs.


Landes and Posner's highly cited economics of trademark law based on search cost reduction has influenced economists, legislators, and courts for decades. Their account, however, predates consumer use of the Internet for search and did not anticipate the rise of firms such as Google to economy-wide power in search. Consequently, trademark law intended to help consumers find a preferred brand now also protects the means they typically use. An outdated view of trademarks as a natural and equitable right––very scrutable to STS––has led to Internet search firms owning reflexive "marks for finding other marks," a structural advantage they have exploited through new dynamic and microtargeted forms of advertising into technoscientific rentiership. This paper revises Landes and Posner's model to fit the case of an economy containing dominant firms with significant economy-wide search cost reduction power, adding (1) differentiation of technological elements of the original formal model and (2) analysis of the distribution and function of marks such as GOOGLE in consumer decision-making. The updated theory shows that marks granted to search firms are equivalent to generic marks in economic effect and constitute a new but unrecognized class that are functionally "super-generic."


The velocity of ultrasonic waves in oxygen was measured at 40.6°C and 2 Mc/sec, with pressures ranging from one atmos to 0.35 cm Hg. Velocity dispersion was found at the lower pressures and is accounted for in part by rotational relaxation and at the lower pressures by the onset of the Stokes type of dispersion. The midpoint of the dispersion curve lies at 122 Mc/atmos, which corresponds to a relaxation time of 21.76×10−10 sec and to 13 as the average number of collisions necessary for the energy exchange. Consideration of the added translational dispersion effect establishes 12 as the average rotational collision number. A Hubbard‐type sonic interferometer was used together with a strip recorder, several different tuning techniques being employed at the lowest pressures.


Abstract Multi-Veblen configurations which can be embedded into Desarguesian projective spaces were characterized in [8]: besides the class of combinatorial Grassmannians, only one further class of multi-Veblen configurations shares this property, namely the class of combinatorial quasi Grassmannians introduced in [8]. In this note we discuss relationships between combinatorial Grassmannians and combinatorial quasi Grassmannians, characterize automorphisms of combinatorial quasi Grassmannians, and present some visualizations of them.


The pricing of the treatment at the "Indah Beauty" beauty salon in Batuaji Village, Ringinrejo District, Kediri Regency, had a bigger market price difference, which made consumers hesitant to get the treatment again and served as the impetus for this study. This study intends to ascertain how much price has an impact on customer satisfaction at the Indah Beauty Beauty Outlet in Batuaji Village, Kediri Regency, as well as how much service quality has an impact on customer satisfaction there. The sample in this research was consumers of the Indah Beauty "beauty outlet" in Batuaji Village, Kediri Regency. The method used to take samples was using a simple random sampling method using the Slovin formula to obtain a sample of 86 people. This research uses a quantitative approach, while the research technique uses the causality method. Analysis in the study used multiple linear regression analysis. The calculation results of this research using the SPSS version 23 program show that: 1) price partially has no influence on consumer satisfaction 2) service quality partially has an influence on customer satisfaction 3) price (X1) and service quality (X2) simultaneously influence consumer satisfaction. Based on this research, it can be concluded that companies should consider price and maintain the quality of the services provided because this greatly influences consumer satisfaction.

Keywords: price, service quality, consumer satisfaction


Crystal phases play a key role in determining the physicochemical properties of a material. To date, many phases of transition metal dichalcogenides have been discovered, such as octahedral (1T), distorted octahedral (1T′), and trigonal prismatic (2H) phases. Among these, the 1T′ phase offers unique properties and advantages in various applications. Moreover, the 1T′ phase consists of unique zigzag chains of the transition metals, giving rise to interesting in‐plane anisotropic properties. Herein, the in‐plane optical and electrical anisotropies of metastable 1T′‐MoS2 layers are investigated by the angle‐resolved Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurements, respectively. The deconvolution of J1 and J2 peaks in the angle‐resolved Raman spectra is a key characteristic of high‐quality 1T′‐MoS2 crystal. Moreover, it is found that its electrocatalytic performance may be affected by the crystal orientation of anisotropic material due to the anisotropic charge transport.


To investigate the influence of surface features, in the form of pits, on the wear resistance of grey cast iron (GCI), a finite element model of the pin-on-disc friction system, with pits distributed in a curved radial direction, was developed using APDL programming and the tribological behavior of textured surfaces was studied. The influence of relative rotation direction between the disc and the pin on the thermal behavior of the friction system under dry wear conditions was researched. GCI and C30E steel samples with pit textured surfaces were manufactured using laser marking equipment and tested using a tribology wear testing rig. The mass losses were measured and the worn surfaces were characterized. The influence of different rotation directions on the tribological behavior of the pit textured surfaces was also investigated. The simulation and test results revealed that rotation direction was a crucial parameter in determining the tribological behavior of surfaces with these features, regardless of the material. Under the conditions tested, when the pin rotated anticlockwise, the samples showed better friction and wear behavior than when the pin rotated clockwise. These results can provide important guidance for the optimization of the design of heavy-load brake systems and other similar applications.


William Joseph (Bill) Ginnane died on May 5 this year. He was 77 years old and had been in ill health for some years after suffering several strokes. Bill had been a Senior Lecturer and then Reader...


In our fast paced and upwardly mobile society, patients will see a dentist for two reasons; discomfort and esthetics.the dental professional must be able to relate to patients concerns both physically and psychologically.an attachment retained removable partial denture is not an outdated treatment modality. There are a significant number of patients who could benefit from this treatment option in both short and long term.in this particular case ,a lower attachment retained cast partial denture was chosen as a treatment modality. This article provides a simplified approach to this treatment option.


The invention relates to a mobile refrigerated vehicle (2) comprising a cooling chamber housing (3) for at least a cooling chamber therein (4), a tank (5) for liquefied gas, an evaporator (1) for vaporization of the liquefied gas with the release of refrigerant to the cooling chamber (4) and an exhaust conduit (6) for the vaporized gas, wherein the evaporator (1) outside of the cooling chamber (4) is arranged; and a method for cooling a cooling space (4) of a mobile refrigerated vehicle (2), comprising the steps of: withdrawing a liquefied gas from a tank (5) and supplying the gas to an outside of the cooling chamber (4) arranged evaporator (1); Withdrawing a stream to be cooled cooling air from the cooling chamber (4); Evaporation of the liquefied gas in the evaporator (1) and utilizing at least a portion of the refrigeration for cooling the contents of the cooling air stream; Introducing the cooled cooling air flow into the cooling chamber (4). The invention is characterized in that a reliable and efficient cooling of goods at a particularly high operational reliability and energy saving can be realized.


Transparent optical network (TON) is now rapidly booming to be popular, and a threat of an all-optical crosstalk attack with high power will emerge. In this paper, the penalty of crosstalk attack propagation, including intrachannel crosstalk inside the optical cross-connects, as well as direct and indirect interchannel crosstalk within fibers, is evaluated. Our work has proved that these crosstalk attacks do propagate in the TON but with limited propagation stages, which will be useful for the planning, management, and design of TON.


Many experiments measure a response that cannot be adequately described by a linear model with normally distributed errors and are often run in blocks of homogeneous experimental units. We develop the first methods of obtaining efficient block designs for experiments with an exponential family response described by a marginal model fitted via Generalized Estimating Equations. This methodology is appropriate when the blocking factor is a nuisance variable as, for example, occurs in industrial experiments. A D-optimality criterion is developed for finding designs robust to the values of the marginal model parameters and applied using three strategies: unrestricted algorithmic search, use of minimum-support designs, and blocking of an optimal design for the corresponding Generalized Linear Model. Designs obtained from each strategy are critically compared and shown to be much more efficient than designs that ignore the blocking structure. The designs are compared for a range of values of the intra-block working correlation and for exchangeable, autoregressive and nearest neighbor structures. An analysis strategy is developed for a binomial response that allows es- timation from experiments with sparse data, and its efectiveness demonstrated. The design strategies are motivated and demonstrated through the planning of an experiment from the aeronautics industry


Ensuring, caring for and promoting human health is an element that has been emphasized over time. In recent years, the concept of quality has been directly linked to the health services provided. An ongoing effort is therefore being made to improve the quality of medical care offered to patients. In this context, patient satisfaction has now emerged as an important indicator for measuring the quality of health care provided, but also as a factor that can contribute positively to addressing the problems and weaknesses faced by health units. This issue, therefore, is studied in detail in the present study, through a relevant literature review. Special emphasis is given to the quality of health services provided to children-patients, as well as the level of satisfaction of their parents with it, through the analysis of relevant research studies that have been conducted, both in Greece and abroad.


Abstract Aerial photographs of Qasr Ibrim recently discovered in the archives of the Egypt Exploration Society throw new light on activity in the immediate environs of the fortress. As well as the cemeteries already known and published, they demonstrate the presence of a walled area immediately below the Northwest Bastion, extending to the cliff edge. The interior of this area has been heavily dug over. Nothing was recorded about this area in the surveys of the 1930s or 1960s, neither do early travellers to the site record significant information about it. This article will discuss the evidence for the remains visible from the photographs, and put forward some tentative suggestions as to their purpose and dating.


The present invention provides a kind of pressure type flow rate control apparatus using a pressure type flow rate control of the fluid flow control means can be realized when the flow rate dropped significantly shorten the switching response time, to improve the response characteristics decrease. The present invention comprises a constituting member of the pressure type flow rate control apparatus: the main body is provided with a communication between an exhaust passage in fluid communication between the fluid inlet passage and a fluid outlet and a fluid passage and an exhaust outlet; fixed to the body fluid the inlet side and the upstream side of the fluid passage opening and closing of the pressure control valve; a pressure sensor detecting the fluid passage downstream side pressure; disposed within the fluid passage than the branch portion of the exhaust passage downstream of the orifice; and an exhaust passage of the exhaust opening and closing of the control valve, and take advantage of the pressure type flow rate control unit changes fluid flow, by controlling the pressure control valve and the exhaust control valve operation, pressure control passage forcibly exhaust the fluid space between the orifice and the flow control valve, thereby improving the response speed drops when the flow rate changes.


In medicine, techniques for assessing skeletal maturity, lung, kidney and heart are already routinely used in obstetrics, unlike veterinary that these assessments are being studied recently. The assessment of fetal fluids becomes for obstetrics human a parameter for determining fetal maturity, high-risk pregnancy, fetal death, fetal infection and sex. Whereas for small animals it is necessary to develop techniques applicable to determine the fetal maturation of fetuses, this paper aims to review or describe the application of these methods and assessment of fetal maturity in small animals.


Regularized Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis (RGCCA) is a general statistical framework for multi-block data analysis. RGCCA enables deciphering relationships between several sets of variables and subsumes many well-known multivariate analysis methods as special cases. However, RGCCA only deals with vector-valued blocks, disregarding their possible higher-order structures. This paper presents Tensor GCCA (TGCCA), a new method for analyzing higher-order tensors with canonical vectors admitting an orthogonal rank-R CP decomposition. Moreover, two algorithms for TGCCA, based on whether a separable covariance structure is imposed or not, are presented along with convergence guarantees. The efficiency and usefulness of TGCCA are evaluated on simulated and real data and compared favorably to state-of-the-art approaches.


Background: Dental caries in teenagers is a significant public health concern. Fast food consumption among teenagers in Bangladesh is steadily increasing. The objectives of the study were to determine the association between fast food consumption and dental caries among teenagers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2022. The calculated sample size was 345 teenagers from two secondary schools in Dhaka city. The convenience sampling technique was used to collect data through face-to-face interviews with a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. A checklist was also used to collect data through clinical examination of the oral cavity.  By double-checking, data were altered for quality control. Statistical software was used to analyze the data.
Results: Among 345 teenagers, the mean ± SD age was 14.88±1.17 years. The majority of the teenagers (53.6%) were female and Muslim (95%). Around 59.4% of the teenagers' fathers were business owners, while 37.4% were government employees. The majority of respondents (73.3%) ate breakfast before going to school and 52.2% took food from the school canteen. The majority (93.3%) ate at outside restaurants, with 90.4% eating fast food. 59.7% of people ate fast food at least once a week. Dental caries affected 36.8% of the teenager who ate fast food (p<0.05). A significant association was found between dental caries and the frequency of fast-food consumption. Among the respondents, 4.8% had dental caries who ate fast food daily (p<0.05).
Conclusion: To prevent dental caries, teenagers should avoid eating fast food and snacks between meals and brush their teeth on a regular basis.


ABSTRACT This paper provides a content analysis of the published articles in the Journal of Media Economics during the period 1988–2017 and was sparked by the 30th anniversary of the journal. A total of 388 papers were content-analyzed to answer the questions of who wrote what, and how in the journal for the above-mentioned 30 years. Each article was classified based on the number of authors, author's affiliation (country, region, and educational background), target country and industry analyzed, unit of analysis, theoretical base, methodological approach, data collection method, and time frame of research. The results revealed drastic changes in the composition of authors' affiliated countries and their educational background. The target country and industry of research, and the level of analysis also changed. On the other hand, theoretical basis and methodological approaches, including data collection methods, did not show much change over time, except for the increase in mathematical modeling papers. The editorship changed from one person trained in journalism school (1988–2005) to co-editors – a communications scholar and an economist (2006–2017) – and the comparison between the two different types of the editorship showed an apparent difference in who wrote what, and how.


This paper focuses on the first-modal natural period and damping ratio of buildings in the vertical direction. Auto regression and exogenous (ARX) model is used to identify the vertical natural period and damping ratio. The targets are earthquake observation records of 18 buildings consisting of reinforced concrete (RC), steel and reinforced concrete (SRC), and steel (S) structures. The identified values are summarized for each structural type, and its characteristics are discussed in view of the input amplitude and the height of buildings and in comparison with its natural period and damping ratio in the horizontal direction.


The relationship between literature and film is the subject of plentiful analyses and reflections within the general framework of Comparative Literature. A comparison between a literary work and its adaptations shows how filmmakers adhere to the principles of intertextuality. Exploring various adaptations of James Joyce's The Dead (1914) and comparing them against each other are the main objectives of this research. This study examines how John Huston (1987), Travis Mills and William Ivey Long (2013) adapted James Joyce's The Dead (1914) culturally, geopolitically, and sociologically. This study demonstrated that Huston's adaptation was faithful to Joyce's text in terms of character, costume, culture, and language, whereas Mills and Long's adaptation was not fully loyal to Joyce especially in terms of character and culture. However, Mills and Long have attempted to create a language similar to Joyce's. Further, consciousness and interior thoughts as subtle issues precisely shown in the novel were not illustrated wholly in both adaptations. Huston's creativity was maintained in the last scene, picturing Gabriel's monologue, whereas Mills and Long's creativity was shown in creating new postmodern characters and culture.


At the beginning of the twelfth century a university emerged at Bologna where the study of Roman law was taken up. The first generations of scholars, the glossators, interpreted the Corpus iuris civilis in its medieval shape (subdivided into five volumes) and produced various types of scholarly works: glosses, lecturae, summae, etc. Learned jurists of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the commentators, continued the exegetical work of their predecessors. They no longer wrote glosses, but continuous commentaries. Moreover, they produced consilia, advisory opinions given in view of specific court cases. By this time the study of Roman law had spread over major parts of southern Europe. With the dissemination of canon law and the foundation of universities, the knowledge of Roman law could also spread to more northern regions, penetrate into legal practice, and lay the foundation of a common legal culture on the continent: the ius commune.


Healthcare inequalities can result in avoidable, unfair and systemic differences in health between different groups of people. Clinicians have unconscious biases that can impact on their decision making. The General Medical Council's Good Medical Practice: Maintaining Trust Domain 4, states that doctors must "treat...patients fairly without discrimination". The Reflective Practitioner should use a variety of tools to support structured reflection. The movement disorder service in question provides care for a mix of urban and rural communities with a wide range in deprivation indices.

 A single doctor's referral patterns and prescribing decisions for parkinsonian syndromes was retrospectively analysed for 99 consecutive attendees at a mixed face-to-face and telehealth clinic service over six weeks. Harvard Implicit Association Tests were completed to assess for unconscious biases. Patient characteristic data are available for: age, sex, religion, skin colour, sexual orientation, primary language, deprivation index, Trust of residence, weight, hearing loss, visual loss, Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale, Hoehn and Yahr staging and educational attainment. Clinical decision making data are available for: referral patterns to physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, continence services, psychiatry services, bone mineral density measurement, specialist nursing service, brain imaging and prescribing decisions made.

 The sample had 60 males, 38 females and 1 male-to-female active transition. Deprivation indices ranged from the 64th to 889th least deprived postcodes (of 890). Only one non-white attendee. Two non-heterosexual attendees. Primary language for all was English. Mean age 76.72years. Mean Hoehn and Yahr stage 2.49. 25.25% are living with dementia. 55 attendances were face-to-face. Prescribing changes were more likely to occur through telehealth clinics. Women were more likely to be referred to physiotherapy and psychiatry. Patient religion may have impacted prescribing decisions.

 Open and honest reflection can improve patient care by identifying health inequalities and through using a metacognitive approach to clinical decision making.


tury, and beginning a study of the colonial origins of communal strife in formerly British ruled areas. Elizabethan England was a community with the deep belief that a well-ordered hierarchy was the proper form for society (Tillyard, n.d.). At the apex stood the Queen, supreme governor of state and church. Beneath her were the lords temporal and spiritual who were to aid her in governing the remainder of the body politic. The bishops of the English church, whose family pattern is the concern of this essay, were the spiritual lords. The prelates, overseers of a hierachically organized church, were in theory the social equals of the nobility. In fact, the bishops' position was not as strong as it had been in the past , for the power of the episcopate had been undermined by the Reformation which subjugated the church to the power of the state to an unprecedented degree. Among the handicaps faced by the Elizabethan diocesans were the hostility of


In this paper, the most general ineq ualities for mean of convex function are proposed and proved. It is the further generalization of the inequalities for power mean and inequalities for two-parameter mean of convex function.


A device for detecting the leakage quantity incldues sealed cover, air discharging valve, detector, liquid discharging valve, signal processing and displaying unit, connection pipe fittings and cable. It reflects the big or small of the leakage quantity by utilizing the created tranducing message signal of the liquid level variation caused by the output side leakage of the tested equipment body. It has the functions of listing data about the instant and accumulation leakage quantity or displaying the curve for gas liquid media in leakage quantity test of the pressure cavity with the pump, valve and pipe fittings added under the testing pressure conditions, in order to let the concerning people study and analyse the mechanism of the leaking course.


Peter A. Fanconi and Patrick Scheurle, Small Money Big Impact: Fighting Poverty with Microfinance, 2017, New York, NY: Wiley, 272 pp., ₹3975. ISBN: 9781119338208.


A stool is necessary for relaxing the lower back during outdoor sports lasting for a long time such as fishing and outdoor activities such as gardening that requires a half-sitting posture for a long time. However, it is difficult and burdensome to carry such a stool all the time because such outdoor activities entail movement. Provided is a shoe that may be used as a stool, where a solid material is used for a heel portion at the back of the shoe to an upper calf portion so that a stool portion protrudes in a horizontal direction at the back of the upper portion. A front portion of the shoe from an upper instep to a shin portion is opened and a leg portion below a knee is freely protruded so that the back of the shoe where the stool is installed is not dragged forward when seated. A user may sit on the stool portion anytime and anywhere.


PurposeThe car-sharing market has entered the mature stage, and consumers' demand shows a diversified increasing trend This paper considers two modes of operation and two pricing strategies, which are business-to-consumer and consumer-to-consumer modes, market pricing and platform pricing Under these conditions, the platform's revenue-sharing ratio will be different The purpose of this paper is to explore this research question, and seeks an optimal pricing mechanism that can achieve a win–win situation between platform and automobile manufacturer in the two market modes Design/methodology/approachThe authors design different profit functions for platform under the two contexts Of course, the platform's function is constrained to the manufacturer's function By introducing a revenue-sharing contract a Stackelberg game model dominated by the platform is established and the equilibrium solutions under the two pricing models are derived FindingsThe study found that even if only market pricing is executed, the scale of the car-sharing market will continue to expand As the car-sharing market becomes more saturated, platform pricing is better for the automobile manufacturer;in most cases, the platform prefers platform pricing, but when the number of private cars is relatively small, if the cost of car operation and maintenance for the automobile manufacturer is lower or the revenue-sharing ratio of private cars is high, then market pricing will be more favorable to the platform Practical implicationsWith the cross-border integration of car service platforms and the automobile manufacturing industry, the key to achieving win–win cooperation and sustainable development in the car-sharing market will converge on the question of how to design a suitable pricing mechanism and revenue-sharing method Originality/valueAuthors have determined how a car-sharing platform achieves a win–win order pricing strategy with the manufacturer and private car owners, respectively And authors combined the supply chain revenue-sharing contract with the car-sharing market to explore the application of the revenue-sharing contract in the sharing economy


Hydrogenases are metalloenzymes that reversibly catalyse the oxidation or production of molecular hydrogen (H 2 ). Amongst a number of promising candidates for application in the oxidation of H 2 is a soluble [Ni-Fe] uptake hydrogenase (SH) produced by Cupriavidus necator H16. In the present study, molecular characterisation of the SH operon, responsible for functional SH synthesis, was investigated by developing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter system to characterise PSH promoter activity using several gene cloning approaches. A PSH promoter-gfp fusion was successfully constructed and inducible GFP expression driven by the PSH promoter under de-repressing conditions in heterotrophic growth media was demonstrated in the recombinant C. necator H16 cells. Here we report the first successful fluorescent reporter system to study PSH promoter activity in C. necator H16. The fusion construct allowed for the design of a simple screening assay to evaluate PSH activity. Furthermore, the constructed reporter system can serve as a model to develop a rapid fluorescent based reporter for subsequent small-scale process optimisation experiments for SH expression. ABSTRACT 17 Hydrogenases are molecular hydrogen (H 2 ). Amongst a number of promising candidates for application in the 19 oxidation of H 2 is a soluble [Ni-Fe] uptake hydrogenase (SH) produced by Cupriavidus necator 20 H16. In the present study, molecular characterisation of the SH operon, responsible for 21 functional SH synthesis, was investigated by developing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) 22 reporter system to characterise P SH promoter activity using several gene cloning approaches. A 23 P SH promoter-gfp fusion was successfully constructed and inducible GFP expression driven by 24 the P SH promoter under de-repressing conditions in heterotrophic growth media was 25 demonstrated in the recombinant C. necator H16 cells. Here we report the first successful 26 fluorescent reporter system to study P SH promoter activity in C. necator H16. The fusion 27 construct allowed for the design of a simple screening assay to evaluate P SH activity. 28 Furthermore, the constructed reporter system can serve as a model to develop a rapid fluorescent 29 based reporter for subsequent small-scale process optimisation experiments for SH expression.


A method of preparation of ice mantle in triple point of water (TPW) cell by means of liquid-nitrogen as coolant is described. The mantles are simultaneously formed in the two TPW cells of different vacuums, respectively, and the experimental investigation of effect of the freezing method on the realized triple point temperature of water is carried out. Experimental results show that the introduction of strains in ice and formation of fine ice crystals during preparation of the mantle resulted in the observed temperature decrease. Additionally, the effect increased with the decrease of vacuum in the cell. As the stresses are gradually relieved and the fine ice crystals slowly converted into bigger ice crystals, the realized temperature increased to a certain extent and then has a tendency to keep constant. Therefore, in order to precisely realize and measure the TPW, it is required that the mantles must be aged at least 5 days to make the effect eliminated.


The propagation of TeV gamma rays can be strongly modified by B-field induced conversion to axionlike particles (ALPs). We show that, at such high energies, photon dispersion is dominated by background photons—the only example where photon-photon dispersion is of practical relevance. We determine the refractive index for all energies and find that, for fixed energy density, background photons below the pair-production threshold dominate. The cosmic microwave background alone provides an "effective photon mass" of m 2 = (1.01 neV × !/TeV) 2 for ! . 1000 TeV. The extragalactic background light is subdominant, but local radiation fields in the galaxy or the source regions provide significant contributions. Photon-photon dispersion is small enough to leave typical scenarios of photon-ALP oscillations unscathed, but big enough to worry about it case by case.


3,5-Dimethylpyrazole (Pz*H) in well-defined Cp*RhIII (Cp* = 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complexes, or as an additive to [Cp*RhCl2]2 enhances catalytic activity in the dehydrogenation of dimethylamine-borane (DMAB) at room-temperature. Mechanistic studies indicate that the Lewis acidic RhIII-centre and dangling N-atom of the Pz* fragment operate cooperatively in accepting a hydride and proton from DMAB, respectively, leading directly to dimethylamino-borane and a RhIII-H complex. The rate limiting step involves protonation of the RhIII-H by the proximal NH fragment of the Pz*H moiety.


We discuss the Sakai-Sugimoto model at finite temperature and finite chemical potential. It is a holographic model of large Nc QCD with Nf massless quarks based on a D4/D8- brane system. The near horizon limit of the D4-branes and the probe approximation of the D8- pairs allow us to treat the D4-branes as a gravitational background and the D8- pairs as a probe which does not affect the background. We propose that the asymptotic value of a U(1) gauge field on the D8--branes is identified with the chemical potential for the baryon number. Using this chemical potential we analyze the phase structure of this model and find a chiral symmetry phase transition of the first order.


A novel circularly polarized (CP) composite right/left-handed (CRLH) inspired substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) Leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is presented. A circularly polarized wave is created by adjacently placing two linearly polarized intergidital slots in an orthogonal direction with respect to each other with 90° phase difference. The proposed antenna provides circular polarized waves in addition to the unique frequency scanning property of CRLH SIW antenna, using a single radiating element. To verify the proposed method, the prototype of the antenna is designed and fabricated.


The Meliponini honey is one type of stingless bee honey. Although honey has been widely used as a natural remedy,
understanding on how storage affect the microbiological quality and pH in stingless honey is still scarce. This study was
carried out to determine the microbial quality of honey produced by stingless bees, Heterotrigona itama and Geniotrigona
thoracica during ambient storage for 6 weeks. The changes in microbiological analysis was determined for Aerobic Plate
Count (APC), yeast count and Bacillus count. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated using three types of media, namely,
MRS agar, MRS agar with 0.8% CaCO3 and MRS agar with 1% glucose. Detection of Clostridium was done using anaerobic
egg-yolk agar and cook meat medium. Results showed that Aerobic Plate Count ranged between 102 to 105 CFU/g for both
samples. However, yeast count showed the range between 102 to 106 CFU/g, which higher than APC. Both honey samples
showed low in Bacillus count. The LAB counts on three media were significantly higher for the first month of storage, then
decreased gradually after fifth week. Storage of honey had reduced the pH in both honey samples to pH 2. Clostridium was
not detected in all samples.


The invention provides an ethylicin-containing pesticidal composition. The pesticidal composition is composed of an effective component (ethylicin) and a neonicotinoid insecticide (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran or clothianidin), and in combination with auxiliary components such as additives and carriers and the like which are usually used in pesticides, the pesticidal composition can be processed into micro-emulsions, wettable powder and water dispersible granules. By using the pesticidal composition provided by the invention, a higher synergistic effect can be generated, the production of drug resistance of pests can be reduced and delayed, and the service life of a pesticide variety can be prolonged. The composition provided by the invention can be used for preventing and controlling various homoptera and thysanoptera injurious insects and the like on rice, vegetables and fruit trees and the like, especially can be used for preventing and controlling rice planthopper, aphids, whiteflies, scale insects, thrips, rice gall midges, and the like; and meanwhile, the pesticidal composition also can be used for treating crop diseases such as rice blasts, cotton fusarium wilts, and the like.


Going green, in recent days, has been a buzzword for both global banking and financial sectors and for the general public. Green banking as a part of "going green," referring to the environmentally friendly practices that reduce the carbon footprint by using online services, is a new way of performing the banking businesses considering the clean environmental issues as well as the corporate social responsibility of banks. In this context, this chapter offers an improved understanding of the importance of adopting green banking in the Nepalese banking industry. This chapter uses a mixed-method of analysis – both primary and secondary data were used. The customers and bankers are found to have less awareness regarding the concept of green banking practices in the Nepalese context. In order to promote green banking practices, the banks and governments are required to be aware of the people with the help of some effective policy interventions.


This paper presents a model for predicting damage behavior of asphalt mixtures in flexible pavement systems. Experimental protocols to measure material properties and fracture characteristics of mixture components and their incorporation into constitutive models based on the micromechanical finite element analyses are developed and presented herein. The model employs only directly-measured material and fracture properties of small scale mixture components as model inputs necessary to predict damage-dependent behavior and life of global scale asphalt concrete mixtures that typically show significant heterogeneity and inelasticity. The presented methodology is therefore expected to provide a significant savings in experimental costs and time over traditional approaches.


The translation of performance achievable on silicon to the system level requires the intervention of a high performance packaging technology. In high performance systems, the package is more than a mere provider of interconnections, mechanical support and protection. The package can and will actively influence the performance of the circuit and the system. With the lead times for introducing new products continuously getting reduced, it is necessary to manage the interface between the functional design and the package design at the board level. To manage this interface effectively, the electronics hardware designer needs to have a good appreciation of different aspects of packaging. This paper presents the case for a core course to the students of electrical and electronic engineering programme. Detailed syllabus, lecture plans and laboratory exercises related to the proposed course are presented. It is also suggested that a course of this nature should be created for web based instruction.


Reducing pollution and increasing energy efficiency are two tests extensive studies for combustion. Methane is a fuel of choice; it releases a large amount of heat and its molecular simplicity allows it to produce less pollutants. In many systems, the use of methane combustion takes place by diffusion flame. In the present paper, we developed impact of a magnetic field gradient to develop a laminar flame with an axisymmetric actuator CH4/air. Results are explained by the effects of magnetic force, and thermo magnetic convection which involves the thermal variation of magnetic susceptibility. The gradient of a magnetic field reduces the air velocity and the spatial gradient of the mass fraction of methane, which are important effects of reducing the lift-off height and increasing the propagation flame velocity.


The topic of this discussion is ecological philosopher Murray Bookchin's peculiar conception of dialectic. I call his use of dialectic its "domestication." Bookchin himself called his project "ecologizing the dialectic," and since "ecology" comes from oikos, the household or domestic sphere, one might think that Bookchin's "domesticating the dialectic" could mean something like "ecologizing" it. Don't think that. Bookchin did not in fact develop an ecological dialectic, but instead used dialectic—in a form that I will call "immanent dialectic"—in a purely instrumental manner to legitimate a fundamentally neo-Aristotelian and non-dialectical metaphysics. Authentic dialectic remains the "ruthless critique of everything existing" (including the existing dialectician). Bookchin's instrumentalization of dialectic "domesticates" it in the sense that it robs it of its wildness, its ferociousness, its bite. Bookchin tames it and turns it into nothing more than a philosophical workhorse doing menial metaphysical labor. His dialectic is to ecological dialectic what a factory farm is to a herd of wild horses.


The paper presents the development tree of the theme "Russian Aspect and the Verbal forms: Participle & Adverbial Participle" in the multistage testing TRFF system. Tracing the lines of gradual theme broadening in the spheres of Personal and Impersonal Verbal forms leads to the concrete methods of filling the observed gaps.


The study assessed the training provided to the school governing bodies by the Department of Education in the Fort Beaufort Education District of the Eastern Cape Province. The study focused on three schools. A qualitative approach was used in the study. Interviews were held with the principals, educator governors, parent governors, as well as two facilitators from the Fort Beaufort Education District. The findings suggest that the training provided to the school governing bodies in the Fort Beaufort Education District does not empower them (SGBs) adequately to perform their roles and responsibilities. There are a number of factors such as illiteracy, low level of education, language used during the training, lack of mentoring and monitoring and inappropriate training methods that contribute to the inadequacy of the training of school governing body members. Recommendations were provided to improve the training of school governors. It is important to train school governors effectively so as to enable them to perform their roles and responsibilities as required by the South African School Act, Act 84 of 1996. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n1p507


China's 2050 high renewable energy penetration (HREP) scenario is a roadmap for deep decarbonization. This promising strategy, deploying wind and solar energy, will also reshape other infrastructure sectors. With decarbonization, not only can capital be diverted away from fossil fuel infrastructure toward green power generation, but considerable savings in future transport infrastructure sectors could be achieved because fossil fuels no longer need to be transported. Here, we conduct a material flow analysis with a focus on the central role of transportation to examine the interlinkages of coal and steel flows in China's infrastructure sectors between 1985, 2015, and 2050. We define the coal and steel nexus to be a system perspective that captures the interdependence and the critical linkages between these two resources. Our results show that the coal and steel nexus in China strengthened in the past three decades but could face transitional changes to 2050. The peak time of both coal and steel demand for China is expected to come before 2030. Consequentially, the volume of rail freight for the carriage of three main types of bulk cargo (coal, iron ores, and steel products) declines from ∼2,000 megatons (Mt) in 2015 to ∼700 Mt in 2050 under the HREP scenario with the two‐fold planned growth of railway infrastructure. However, investment in cleaner energy and steelmaking technologies will help China mainly rely on secondary steel resources to maintain domestic demand in 2050, further reducing the demand for coal and iron ores.


The Need for Fluid Power In applications for which large forces, torques, or both are required, often with a fast response time, it is inevitable that oil-hydraulic control systems will be called on. They may be used in environmentally difficult applications because the drive part can be designed with no electrical components, and often they are the only feasible means of obtaining the forces required, particularly for linear actuation. A particularly important feature is that they almost always have a more competitive power–weight ratio when compared with electrically actuated systems, and they are the inherent choice for mobile machines and plants. Fluid power systems also have the capability of being able to control several parameters, such as pressure, speed, and position, to a high degree of accuracy and at high power levels. The latest developments are now achieving position control to an accuracy expressed in micrometers and with high-water-content fluids. In practice, there are many exciting challenges facing the fluid power engineer, who now must preferably have skills in several of the following topics: Materials selection, water-based fluids, higher working pressures Fluid mechanics and thermodynamics studies Wear and lubrication The use of alternative fluids, given the environmental aspects of mineral oil, together with the extremely important issue of future supplies of mineral oil Energy efficiency Vibration and noise analysis Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis Component design, steady-state and dynamic Circuit design, steady-state and dynamic Machine design and its integrated hydraulics Sensor technologies Electrical–electromagnetic design Computer control techniques Signal processing and associated algorithms Modern control theory and artificial intelligence


In this study, a chemical dissolution treatment was used to recover rubber and carbon black (CB) from truck tire scrap, with gas oil acting as the solvent and 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO acting as the catalyst for the chemical reactions. Montmorillonite clay was used to separate the rubber solution from the CB and the other non-dissolved tire additives. The recovered rubber and CB were characterized together with the original scrap tire sample by XRD, SEM, BET and thermal analysis, as well as FTIR and 1H NMR spectral analyses. Characterization of the chemical structure of the recovered rubber showed that the main functional groups of styrene−butadiene rubber blend with natural rubber. The thermal behavior and crystalline structure of the recovered rubber, as well as its morphological images, showed that the properties of the rubber sample were acceptable and similar to natural rubber. The recovered CB characterizations showed that the sample after pyrolysis was a highly crystalline nanocomposite structure with a high specific surface area and scattered pores.


The various objectives and means used in screening populations for disease conditions are briefly presented. Detailed consideration is given to the evaluation of screening done primarily to improve the health status of the screened community. Alternative numerical methods of measuring health benefits are given. The many variables that are subject to control by authorities directing the screening program are listed. A model is formulated for determining the optimum level at which the result of a test should be considered as positive resulting in recall of the screened person for further diagnostic study. The proposed model is compared with other evaluation methods in use. Data from a diabetes survey are used as an example. The optimum level for screening is shown to depend not only on the biological characteristics of the test, but also on 1 the relative health value to the screened community of true and false positives and negatives, and 2 the prevalence of the disease condition in the population screened.


Malate-efflux from roots, which is regulated by the transcription factor STOP1 (SENSITIVE-TO-PROTON-RHIZOTOXICITY1), which mediates aluminum-induced expression of ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED-MALATE-TRANSPORTER1 (AtALMT1), is critical for aluminum-resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Several studies showed that root AtALMT1 expression is rapidly observed in response to aluminum (within 1-hour), this early induction is an important mechanism to immediately protect roots from aluminum-toxicity. Additionally, identifying the molecular mechanisms that underlie rapid aluminum-resistance responses should lead to a better understanding of plant aluminum-sensing and -signal transduction mechanisms. In this study, histochemical analyses using GFP-tagged STOP1 proteins showed that STOP1 proteins were accumulated in the nucleus soon after aluminum-treatment. The rapid aluminum-induced STOP1-nuclear localization and AtALMT1-induction were observed in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor, suggesting that post-translational regulation is involved in these events. STOP1 also regulated rapid aluminum-induced expression for other genes that carry a functional/high-affinity STOP1-binding site in their promoter, including STOP2, GLUTAMATE-DEHYDROGENASE1 and 2 (GDH1 and 2), but not for Al resistance genes which have no functional STOP1-binding site such as ALUMINUM-SENSITIVE3, suggesting that the binding of STOP1 in the promoter is essential for the early induction. Finally, we report that GDH1 and 2 which are the target of STOP1 are novel aluminum-resistance genes in Arabidopsis.


In this paper we show that certain Feynman integrals can be expressed as linear combinations of iterated integrals of modular forms to all orders in the dimensional regularisation parameter $\varepsilon$ . We discuss explicitly the equal mass sunrise integral and the kite integral. For both cases we give the alphabet of letters occurring in the iterated integrals. For the sunrise integral we present a compact formula, expressing this integral to all orders in $\varepsilon$ as iterated integrals of modular forms.


Birth defects and rare diseases are serious challenges in China and even in the world, and most of them lack effective treatment. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) prevents the occurrence of this kind of disease at the source by carrying out genetic testing in the preimplantation stage and selecting normal embryos for transplantation. In this paper, the methods of PGT for birth defects and rare diseases and their latest progress are described.


The crack is the common disease evil of water engineering concrete structure,and his gives rise to the cause to adopt be dead against the nature engineering measure again is dealing with the key of crack success or failure the analysis.This text with certain reservoir huge dam top is released flood water,and the floodgate is opened and close that the machine room opens and close that the terrace constructs the frame beam handle of crack serve as the example,and by way of analysing to the crack cause of formation,and the advantages and disadvantages that several kinds of engineerings were dealt with the measure are compared,using to excelling in,compound fibre cloth is reinforced to the crack and is mended,It is simple and convenient that the result proves this method construction,and it is clear to reinforce effect to the concrete crack.


Objective: To observe the outcomes of the use of both Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) and sodium-glucose cotransport 2-inhibitor (SGLT2Ii) in terms of echocardiographic parameters, clinical symptoms, cardiovascular death, and Heart failure hospitalization in patient with heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the hard-to-reach rural area of Africa.
Background: Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) is preferred over angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker as foundation therapy for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, Heart failure hospitalization, and Heart failure symptoms. SGLT2 inhibitor (Dapagliflozin and Empagliflozin) is among the four foundation drugs in managing HFrEF.


In some computerized educational systems, there is evidence of students wheel-spinning, where a student tries and repeatedly fails at an educational task for learning a skill. This may be particularly concerning in low resource settings. Prior research has focused on predicting and modeling wheel-spinning, but there has been little work on how to best help students stuck in wheel-spinning. We use past student system interaction data and a minimal amount of expert input to automatically inform individualized interventions, without needing experts to label a large dataset of interventions. Our method trains a model to predict wheelspinning and utilizes a popular tool in interpretable machine learning, Shapley values, to provide individualized credit attribution over the features of the model, including actionable features like possible gaps in prerequisites. In simulation on two different statistical student models, our approach can identify a correct intervention with over 80% accuracy before the simulated student begins the activity they will wheel spin on. In our real dataset we show initial qualitative results that our proposed interventions match what an expert would prescribe.


One of the most common degenerative joint diseases observed in both younger and older subjects is osteoarthritis. Very common in the hip, the disease leads to joint pain, typically resulting in mobility impairments. In the 80's, the favored solution became the Total Hip Replacement (THR) which replaces components of the joint with a mechanical prosthesis. While providing a comparatively simple surgical procedure and an almost certain success rate, THR's have now shown a mean time to failure of 10 to 12 years. Because of the bone stock damage incurred during the original surgery and the challenges presented by revision surgery in patients who are experiencing increases in life expectancy, alternative solutions as well as improvements to THR's are under investigation. Hip osteotomies are now looked upon as a possible alternative for indications of arthritic hip joints. The postponement of an ultimate THR can be obtained with an osteotomy procedure at the onset of the disease by altering the geometric orientation and mechanics of the hip joint and preserving valuable bone stock. However, the three-dimensional geometric complexity of the joint as well as the cartilage thicknesses and femoral head coverage are poorly visualized with planar X-rays, which are traditionally used for planning the necessary joint reorientation in intertrochanteric osteotomies. The broad goal of this research is to assess the feasibility of a fully computerized predictive surgical planning tool for intertrochanteric osteotomies in the osteoarthritic hip joint. In addition to the development of better anatomical visual aid tools, a specific objective is to provide a computerized prognosis which presents predictive joint geometric and kinematic optimizations to calculate the "best" osteotomy wedge and consequent femoral head coverage. In effect, the computer quantifies outcomes and provides a prognostic scale as to whether an osteotomy is potentially a good alternative to a THR in the specific patient under consideration. To achieve this goal, the system ranges from imaging tools to process CT or MRI scans, including three-dimensional anatomy reconstruction, coordinate system assignment and joint geometry evaluation, to virtual environment databases describing anatomical features and joint kinematic information essential to the surgery simulation. Results and conclusions drawn from this research contribute to a better understanding of the issues involved in the implementation of a computer aided intertrochanteric osteotomy planning system. Both cadaver and in-vivo studies provide a first assessment of the feasibility of such a system for presenting better prognoses that complement and augment clinician expertise and training. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative information derived from this research are relevant to the broader field of medical virtual environments determining the future of computerized surgery systems. Thesis Supervisor: Robert W. Mann, Sc.D. Title: Whitaker Professor Emeritus of Biomedical Engineering


Abstract The purpose of this work is to study the influence of thermal effect on the surface morphology of the Fe–Cr–Al (Kh15Yu5) alloy foil and the elemental composition of the surface layers. Also, studies have been carried out on the physicochemical characteristics of the primary support with the deposited secondary support in the initial state and within the temperature range from 25 to 900 °C. The research was carried out on a JSM 6610 LV, JEOL scanning electron microscope with an installed INCA Energy 450 energy-dispersive microanalysis system. Before depositing secondary support (aluminum oxide), for a stronger adhesion to the foil metal, the foil surface was pretreated with a phosphating solution. It was found that during heating up the elemental composition of the surface layer of the Kh15Yu5-alloy foil does not remain constant and depends on the mode of thermal effect. This implies the possibility of changing the adhesion and adsorption properties of the foil surface, as well as the need to take this into account when depositing secondary support and an active phase to the foil. Studies have shown that the applied methods for phosphatizing and depositing secondary support to the foil surface make it possible to obtain a quite resistant coating. No peeling of the secondary support from the foil surface is observed during high-temperature treatment in the air.


Software architecture has become an important discipline, playing a key role in the specification of software-intensive systems. It is now included in regular computer science, computer engineering, and software engineering courses at both graduate and undergraduate levels. However, most modeling languages lack explicit support for executing an architecture description. In this tutorial, we introduce the SysADL language and the SysADL Studio tool providing both theoretical concepts and practical examples in a systematic approach to architectural design. SysADL is a specialization of the OMG SysML standard to software architecture description, and it brings together the expressive power of software architecture main concepts following the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 with a standard language used by the industry. This tutorial presents how a SysML-based ADL supports architectural modeling and execution through the three above-mentioned viewpoints. We use SysADL Studio (available at https://sysadl.imd.ufrn.br/) to illustrate the concepts and to allow attendees to gain practical experience in modeling and executing architectures. Thus, in this tutorial, the audience will learn: (i) the concepts that provide the foundation for software architectural specification and execution using SysADL; (ii) how to design a complete software architecture using SysADL Studio and a step-to-step running example. This tutorial targets software professionals and students and it is also supported by a book and accompanying tool.


I develop a model of prescheduled macroeconomic announcements. My model analyzes the optimal allocation of attention between systematic and idiosyncratic risk factors when a macroeconomic announcement is anticipated. Skilled investors, when producing information under bounded rationality, allocate more of their attention to analyzing the idiosyncratic risk factor when they anticipate more precise public information about the systematic risk factor from the macroeconomic announcement. Consequently, my model predicts that, the more informative (precise) the macroeconomic announcement is expected to be about the underlying sources of risk, ceteris paribus, the more uncertainty pre-announcement, the more resolution of uncertainty post-announcement, and the higher the trading volume around the announcement on the market index. My model is consistent with patterns of abnormal returns, volatility, and trading volume documented in the empirical literature on macroeconomic announcements. ∗I thank my committee members, Rui Albuquerque, Thomas J. Chemmanur, and Alan Marcus. For helpful comments and discussions, I also thank Pierluigi Balduzzi, Vincent Bogousslavsky, Philip Bond, Vyacheslav (Slava) Fos, and participants in the 2018 FMA Annual Meeting Doctoral Student Consortium and the Finance Seminar at Boston College. All remaining errors and omissions remain my own responsibility.


Abstract Supported liquid membranes (SLM), consisting of an organic solution of n-octyl(phenyl)-N, N-diisobutylcar-bamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO) and tributyl-phos-phate (TBP) in decalin are able to perform selective separation and concentration of actinide and lantha-nide ions from aqueous nitrate feed solutions and synthetic nuclear wastes. In the membrane process a possible strip solution is a mixture of formic acid and hydroxylammonium formate (HAF). The effectiveness of this strip solution is reduced and eventually nullified by the simultaneous transfer through the SLM of HNOs which accumulates in the strip solution. A possible way to overcome this drawback is to make use of a second SLM consisting of a primary amine which is able to extract only HNO3 from the strip solution. In this work the results obtained by experimentally studying the membrane system: synthetic nuclear waste/CMPO-TBP membrane/HCOOH-HAF strip solution/ primary amine membrane/NaOH solution, are reported. They show that the use...


This article discusses and analyzes the basic reading and argumentation of the Shi'ite over the issue of political leadership in Islam, compared with that existing in the Sunnite conception. It discusses their argumentation based on their textual and contextual understanding of the Qur'a> H{@Sunnites and Shi@ have different opinion over whether Islamic leadership are set based on appointment (ima> or election (khila>.


The most important factor in learning is to find out what the learner already knows, and to make the instruction meaningful at that level. Meaningfulness is particularly important in computer assisted instruction, where instructors do not have feedback from students from questions or from body language. We discuss four methods of making computer assisted instruction material more meaningful that were incorporated in the design of AI/LEARN: formative evaluation, computer response tracking, student ratings, and organization techniques. Since the theoretical support for formative evaluation to enhance meaningfulness is rarely presented, we cite references from the cognitive psychology literature in support of the importance of meaningfulness and the benefits of organizers.


In this paper we prove that the nonlinear benchmark RTAC example is semi-globally stabilizable using output feedback when the angle of the proof mass and/or the translational position of the cart are considered as the output. The proposed result complements previous work which requires exact knowledge of the translational and/or angular velocities but achieves global stabilization.


Temporal changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, biodegradability, molecular weight and optical properties within both the stream and interstitial waters of a gravel bar were assayed in a small lowland stream. The mechanisms responsible for the observed quantitative and qualitative changes are discussed with reference to stream DOC (SDOC) and interstitial DOC (IDOC) sources. Both stream and interstitial waters showed similar temporal patterns of DOC concentrations, biodegradability and molecular weight of humic substances, but different temporal structural patterns of DOC molecules during the year. As was noticeable from annual UV-absorbance characteristics and from biodegradable DOC (BDOC) concentrations, SDOC contained more saturated chemical structures, was less bioreactive and was characterized by a lower molecular weight of humic substances, than IDOC. The character of SDOC suggests that it was composed of diagenetically old organic material which is resistant to microbial uptake and DOC from autochthonous production. The IDOC seemed to be diagenetically younger, and to originate more from allochthonous sources, particularly in the upwelling zone. Besides the difference between SDOC and IDOC quality, we have also found differences in IDOC quality between the downwelling and the upwelling zone, suggesting that decomposition of buried particulate organic matter (POM) was the main source of IDOC.


In some countries of the former Soviet Union the transition from centrally planned to market-oriented economies is progressing more or less smoothly in others it appears to be shock therapy and in still others shock without therapy. Political instability economic recession or even crisis in the post-communist countries have led to changes in the priorities of social programmes and to the impaired functioning of existing institutions responsible for the welfare of vulnerable groups of population. Decentralization of control over social protection and delegation by the central Governments of their responsibilities to local governments and non-governmental and private sectors have brought additional hardships to the social protection and well-being of the elderly. In other words the introduction of welfare programme in the countries of the former Soviet Union is taking place in very unfavourable social and economic conditions. The elderly population groups find themselves extremely unprotected in all spheres of life including income security health care and living arrangements. (excerpt)


The BaBar experiment has completed its first year of data-taking during which 21 fb{sup -1} of data were accumulated. We present preliminary results on two types of charmless B decays based on this data sample. The first, B{sup 0} {yields} K*{sup 0}{gamma}, is a so-called electromagnetic penguin. And the second, B{sup 0} {yields} h{sup +} h'{sup -} can be either a pion or kaon, can come from either penguin diagrams or Cabibbo suppressed tree diagrams.


A Statutory Instrument1 (SI) was passed by Parliament and became law on 1 January 1998, in order to fulfil the UK's obligations to implement the European Union (EU) Directive on databases. The implications of the change in the law are as follows. There is now a special type of literary work called 'databases'. This is a collection of independent works, data or other materials which are arranged in a systematic or methodical way and are individually accessible by electronic or other means, each of which may or may not be subject to individual copyright. What does this definition mean? The Act makes it clear the term database refers only to so-called literary works, so a collection of textual materials is a database. There is, however, a real possibility that collections of nontextual materials that are in machine-readable form, such as digitised images, will be considered to be a database, as any material in machine-readable form is a literary work, in UK law. However, it is important to realise that the definition of database is not confined to materials in machine-readable form. The key question would then be whether each digitised image is independent and whether they are arranged in a systematic or methodical way, and whether they can be individually accessed. It is unclear whether a collection of digitised images on a server would be considered to be arranged in a systematic or methodical way. A court of law may well consider them to be in this state, especially if there is some metadata associated with them, and so they qualify as databases. The new law states that any database collection itself gets protection over and above the copyright in each item in the database. So, there is a possibility of double protection for such a database. However, the type and level of protection afforded to the database over and above the protection for each item depends on another criterion. If, by reason of the selection or arrangement of the database contents, there is an intellectual creation, then the database enjoys full copyright protection. If there is nothing creative or intellectual about the way the database contents have been selected or arranged, then they get a more limited 'database right'. This leads to a somewhat confusing set of rights in databases. Basically, they can be divided into four groups:2 (1) a compilation of items, each of which is copyright, and the compilation itself involves skill and creativity, e.g. an issue of a newspaper; (2) a compilation of items, each of which is copyright, but there is no skill or creativity in the compilation itself, e.g. a collection of the latest annual reports of every publicly quoted company in a country; (3) a compilation of non-copyright items in which there is skill and creativity in creating the compilation, e.g. a Yellow Pages directory, or a compilation of old poetry; and (4) a compilation of non-copyright items, in which there is no skill or creativity in the compilation, such as a simple telephone directory, or television listings. 111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 50 1 2


Zhao Zhixin was a celebrated realistic poet at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. His poetic theories are well worth studying. He thinks that poetry should represent the true self of the author and should lay stress on the reflection of the realistic life; that poetry should mainly express meanings by means of rhetoric language; and that a poet should evolve his artistic style in accordance with his own thinking and character. He also advocates selecting people of true talent and opposes banding together for selfish purposes. His theories, which inherit and develop from the traditional Confucian poetic thoughts, emphasize the role of literature in "stimulation, observation, sociability, and resentment" and serve the mass and the political situations. His theories are inseparable from his experiences of life, his attitudes towards life, his moral integrity, and his natural disposition.


The application of the block in Turbo CAD to plotting mechanical drawings were introduced.It has realized the composition of the graphicis and raised the efficiency of the drawings through building graphic library symbol library standard parts library and parts library.


The sulphenic acid intermediates produced thermally from penicillin sulphoxides can be added across acetylenic esters to produce conjugated sulphoxides in good yield.


I t will be seen that ,these .are all simple pieces of homely advice often overlooked by the surgeon. The surgeon who advises his patients on the after-care reaps the benefit of grateful patients, for the simple reason that the patient's veins either will not recur, or will take a much longer, time to do so, if properly looked after. It is surprising how quickly further vein radicles appear in those patients who fail to take care of their legs in the post-operative period.


We describe a set of top-performing systems at the SemEval 2015 English Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) task. Given two English sentences, each system outputs the degree of their semantic similarity. Our unsupervised system, which is based on word alignments across the two input sentences, ranked 5th among 73 submitted system runs with a mean correlation of 79.19% with human annotations. We also submitted two runs of a supervised system which uses word alignments and similarities between compositional sentence vectors as its features. Our best supervised run ranked 1st with a mean correlation of 80.15%.


Accelerating civiligation is the actual requirement to promote peasants' salary and start rural market, and the internal demand develop our city's industrialization, and the objective needs to adjust our city's economic construction, and the strategic requirement to turn our city into a big morden one. Our city's civiligation generally characterises relatively low level and holding up economic development; the poplation of central city highly collect and population density getting lower and lower towards the outer district. The standard of civiligation detaining essential low, small and loose. It is necessary to fasten adjusting to the industrial constructive of city, and to strengthen the function of the central city, to develop selectively small towns, and to deepen the relative system reform, if to accelerate civiligation.


ABSTRACT The sequences of different genetic determinants of bacteriocins belonging to the classes of lantibiotics and pediocin-like bacteriocins were compared, and in a few cases it was possible to obtain consensus sequences for genes with identical functions. On the basis of these consensus sequences, fifteen primer sets were designed, and a screening of four bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus strains was performed, as well as of a collection of other Enterococci which have not been screened before for antibacterial activity. In the case of the four bacteriocinogenic strains, several amplifications with the expected sizes were obtained with some of the primers. A particular case represented two strains, one of them being bacteriocin producer, and the second one resistant to the bacteriocin produced by the first one. In this case, in both strains amplifications were obtained with primers specific to one of the immunity protein genes, a fact probably suggesting horizontal gene transfer of the immunity determinants.


Passive dynamic walkers (PDWs) are simple dynamical systems that have been used to study the fundamentals of normal human walking. In essence, they are a collection of links and joints capable of "walking" down shallow slopes with a surprisingly human-like gait. PDWs have no active motors or control system, rather they are "powered" by gravity. With judicious choice of model parameters and initial conditions, PDWs can exhibit stable limit cycles. The goals of this project are twofold: (1) to create a general limit cycle analysis and simulation tool using Python and (2) explores some aspects of the limit cycle behavior of a PDW. In order to test the accuracy of the Python code, I recreated some of the results of by Garcia's et al., (1998) simplest passive dynamic walking model. Specifically, I verified the author's reported range of stable limit cycles. My calculations agree that this model does possess stable limit cycles for ground slopes less than about 0.015 radians.


The time-delay effect on load frequency control (LFC) for power smart grids systems based on microgrids (MGs) is analyzed. A new cyber-physical modeling approach is used to identify system signals that are vulnerable to communication constraints. An analytic approach based on the Rekasius substitution and sum of squares decomposition is proposed to find the time-delay stability margin of LFC in microgrids. The cyber physical modeling and time-delay margin analysis approaches are applied to a microgrid example based on a distributed diesel generator and a photo-voltaic generator. In addition, the impact of time-delays for these class of systems is shown in simulation. The proposed approach can be used to analyze other cybernetic constraints in smart grid power systems and the methodology used to find delay stability margin can be extended to power systems of larger scale, as interconnected microgrids.