While the final proof of efficacy in common dermatitis such as atopic dermatitis was found still lacking, is the authors found fairly ample evidence for their activity against cutaneous inflammation in man, as may be deduced from experiments with normal volunteers and unwanted effects related to the drug are virtually absent.Witch hazel extractions applied to dermatological areas topically provide a calming effect through tannin extraction, therefore also utilized in cosmetics as well as therapeutically.Active components of hamamelis extractions may be traced to flavonoids, leucoanthocyanidins, tannins, and essential oils that provide benefit to blood circulation, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity. This research aims to evaluate of biological activity of the herbal substances of Hamamelis virginiana L., bark, leaf and twigs and preparations thereof for the categorization as products under well-established use or traditional use and the establishment of the corresponding Community herbal monographs. Determining the best method of extraction, prepare the extracts, include milling,extraction of active compounds in soxhlets ,evaporation of the extract to form semi-solid extracts , then analyzing the functional groups in FTIR instrument, and determine the biological activity by measuring minimum inhibition concentration (MIC).The results illustrate that witch hazel extracts in three concentrations (10mg/ml,50mg/ml, 100 mg/ml) have an inhibition effect on 10 plates of Candida albicans, with optimum concentration (50mg/ml).Staphylococcus aureusshowed that the higher concentration of 100 mg/ml has an optimum effect and wider radius of MIC (0.54cm±0.5). E. coli seems to have a similar effect to S. aureus biological test. The concentration of 100mg/ml showed great inhibition effect to the bacterial growth in 24 hours. Which hazel has a deteriorating effects on both Gram positive and Gram negative and fungi, a preferable actions are due to functional groups especially the carbonyl group, which has a strong effects since it's a form of aldehyde, with the alkyl and ketone groups all have the degradation effects on the microbial cell wall, chelating agents making them perfect disinfectant, in addition to its antioxidant effects, and blood veins constructive.


Basic of senescence in ethylene insensitive flower has long stayed as a mystery and we proposed ABA as a key player in this process. The present study was carried out using gladiolus var. Snow Princess to understand the role of abscisic acid (ABA) for senescence in flower at biochemical level. Present study has provided the initial evidence that exogenously applied ABA (100 μM) accelerate the senescence process by enhancing the activity of several senescence processes such as lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenase activity. On the contrary, the antioxidant enzymatic activity was reduced, viz. superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase, in petal tissue. Supplementation of GA3 in the vase solution having ABA reversed various senescence related parameters, which were down or upregulated by ABA proving its role in senescence of gladiolus flowers.


3Laboratory of Animal Sociology, Faculty of Science, Osaka City University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan 32.7% for the Cape Sugarbird, lower than the 46.1% obtained for Gurney's Sugarbird during this study. Although fewer nests were located in the Lydenburg stud y area, unsuccessful nesting attempts did not always result from weather conditions, but rather from disturbances at the nest site during the incubation phase. In both species, adverse environmental conditions such as strong winds and heavy rainstorms during the breeding season are a common feature (Winterbottom 1962; Burger et al. 1976). Orange-breasted Sunbirds, N. voilacea, have a higher breeding success rate than Cape Sugarbirds, which occur in the same area, probably due to the protection provided by the closed nests (Broekhuysen 1963). The same was observed for the Malachite Sunbird, N. famosa, and Greater Doublecollared Sunbird, N. afm, which co-occur in the same Pro tea habitat as Gurney's Sugarbird, although nests of the former two species are not as exposed to strong winds and rain. Malachite Sunbird nests in the Lydenburg area are found mostly in shrubs growing in gullies or under rocks in mountainous areas and are well concealed from rain and strong winds (Maclean 1993).


In the present study, an inexpensive and practical way to detect phenolic compounds in wastewater was investigated. By using a simple one compartment three-electrode cell and performing cyclic voltammetry measurements, it was possible to quantitatively determine the presence of gallic and vanillic acid in acidic aqueous solutions due to their electrooxidation upon potential scanning. In the case of gallic acid, two oxidation peaks were observed whereas the vanillic acid cyclic voltammograms consisted of two oxidation and one reduction peaks. Correlation of the observed electrooxidation current density value with the concentration of each phenolic compound led to a linear relationship. Following the above methodology for a 1:1 mixture of these phenols, it was found that only a qualitative analysis was possible rather than a quantitative one.


F3 is know to exhibit higher values in darker varieties of /l/. This contrast has been attributed to differences in closure fronting and front cavity configuration. In this paper we propose a possible alternative explanation for higher F3 in dark /l/, based on sensitivity functions. Both allophones have an apical gesture, but differ in their tongue dorsum gestures: clear /l/ has a raising and fronting gesture, while dark /l/ has postdorsum retraction towards the uvular region. We propose that the gestural composition of dark /l/ creates two constriction sites in the vocal tract that correspond to the two maxima of the F3 sensitivity function, thus resulting in higher values for dark /l/. To address these predictions we analyzed both acoustic and articulatory data from 6 speakers of the Wisconsin XRMB database. Articulatory strategies vary both inter and intra-speakers. High F3 values are obtained with both elevated tongue tip and retracted postdorsum, while low F3 values, have small values of postdorsum r...


A waterproof membrane comprises a first rectangular element (42), a second rectangular member (43) and a third rectangular element (41), disposed on a support surface; wherein the third rectangular element is covered by a transverse strip (442) of the first rectangular member extending along the transverse side of the first rectangular element until tapered side (542) and by a longitudinal strip (343) of the second rectangular member extending along the longitudinal side of the second rectangular member to the tapered side (543), the tapered side (543) of the second rectangular member being disposed opposite to the tapered side (542) of the first element with a rectangular gap exposed to a first continuous weld line (45) in the corner region of the third rectangular element, a second continues weld line (46) and fourth weld line (44) overlapping with the transverse strip (443) of the second rectangular member and a longitudinal strip (342) of the first rectangular element. The fourth rectangular element (44) has a corner area which overlaps the gap (341) and a continuous oblique weld line (49) formed on the corner region which joins the fourth rectangular element in the third rectangular element in the gap.


In order to produce low-density crosslinked foam of superior properties having a uniform cell structure from POEs/LDPE blends, the crosslinking efficiency of resin, behavior of crosslinking sensitizer, mechanical properties according to the irradiation dose, and compressive strength in different cell sizes have been examined. When POE/LDPE (70/30) was irradiated at 3 Mrad, the gel content was 18.5%, but the addition of 0.3 phr of TATM only increased gel content up to 36%. The lower the melt index of the resin, the more the gel fraction increase was confirmed. Although tensile strength increased up to a certain point in proportion to the gel content, the decrease of tensile strength was observed over the fixed gel content. The effect of polyfunctionality was investigated by analyzing the gel fraction in accordance with the number of double bonds in molecules of crosslinking sensitizers. As a result of the measurement of changes on compressive strength according to the sizes of different foam cells, having the same degree of density, bigger cells showed stronger compressive strengths when compressed at 25%, while foams containing smaller cells showed superior compressive strengths when compressed over 50%.


Brazil Persea americana Mill., belonging to the family Lauraceae, is noteworthy for the large amount of ethnopharmacological information in its regard, attributing to it many and varied medicinal properties. The tea and alcoholic extracts made from its leaves are used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. This study was designed to analyze the cytogenotoxicity and underlying chemistry of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of avocado leaves, using the Allium cepa and micronucleus tests. The results obtained by applying the experimental models demonstrate that the extracts did not have a genotoxic effect at any of the concentrations analyzed, and even demonstrated a certain protective effect, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols, both of which are antioxidant substances. However, the extracts did present a cytotoxic effect. There were numerous karyorrhectic cells and those with nuclear alterations related to cell death. At the highest concentrations, it was possible to observe cytoplasmic alterations and binucleated cells. The extracts also caused a significant reduction in the number of cells undergoing division. These effects can be a response to the phytochemical agents present in the extracts. The results suggest that the extracts contain bioactive components that deserve further studies related to cancer therapies.


Super multi-view display provides smooth motion parallax without special glasses, and it is expected that the observer is free from the visual fatigue caused by the accommodation-vergence conflict. However, there is a problem that a huge number of pixels are required on a display device such as liquid crystal display panel because high-density rays are required for good quality images and each ray needs corresponding pixel. In this paper, we propose a new three-dimensional display based on lenticular method to reduce the required number of pixels. The rays are shot out to only around observer's pupils. To do this, the lenticular lens of which viewing zone angle is narrowed is used and the lenticular lens is illuminated by parallel light made by cylindrical lenses and LEDs to suppress sidelobes. The direction of the parallel light is changed to follow the observer's eye. We designed the optics system and confirmed the availability of the proposed method by computer simulation. Moreover, we constructed a prototype display and demonstrated. As a result, the parallax pitch and the viewing zone nearly equaled to designed values when the display was observed from the front, but these values were increased with the increasing viewing angle. The result of analysis, the reason why the parallax pitch and the viewing zone were expanded is thought as the curvature of field of the lenticular lens.


Abstract Three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of teachers' evaluative feedback on students' perceptions of ability and effort among the Chinese students in Hong Kong. Study 1 replicated Meyer et al.'s (1979) and Barker & Graham's (1987) study using a modified procedure. These studies reported that in the West praise for success were perceived by students as an indication of low ability, whereas blame after failure was considered an indication of high ability. One hundred and fifty one male and female students aged 18‐25 responded to scenarios in which they were asked to judge their own ability and effort following teachers' feedback on an imaginary math test. Study 2 was a replication of Meyer et al.'s (1979) study. Two hundred and forty male and female students aged 18‐25 were asked to judge their own and a friend's effort and ability. Both received similar grades but had different feedback from the teacher. Study 3 was conducted in real classroom setting. Participants were 364 G...


The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief . By Francis Collins. New York: Free Press, 2006. S04 pp.A young woman checked into the oncology clinic at the University of Michigan seeking information about breast cancer, after her mother, her two sisters, her aunt, and two of her aunt's children had all been diagnosed with the disease. Given their family history, another of her cousins had elected to have a prophylactic double mastectomy rather than take her chances. Was there any new research that would give her hope and allow her to avoid such a drastic measure?Luckily for her, a research project by two doctors at the same clinic had recently linked breast cancer with a dangerous mutation in a gene on chromosome 17. Genetic testing showed that she did not carry the mutation that her mother and other affected relatives carried, so there was no need for the surgery. Her tremendous relief was followed by genetic testing of other family members, who got their own surprises. The cousin who had had the double mastectomy years before did not carry the mutation after all. Genetic testing showed that their father did carry the dangerous mutation, and that he had in fact passed it on to five of his ten children. The mammogram of one of the daughters revealed a small tumor, which she was able to catch early through the genetic screening.The researcher whose work led to this breakthrough is Francis Collins - physical chemist, medical geneticist and longtime director of the Human Genome Project. As a medical geneticist at the University of Michigan, Collins helped discover the genetic basis for cystic fibrosis, neurofibromatosis and Huntington's disease. He assumed leadership of the Human Genome Project after James Watson's departure, coordinating the work of thousands of geneticists in six countries. The Human Genome Project began in 1998 and produced a first-draft mapping of the three billion base pairs of the human genome on June 26, 2000. Work continued toward finishing the sequence by 2003, the fiftieth anniversary of the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule by Watson and Crick. The medical importance of this scientific achievement is enormous.Collins is also the author of the bestselling book The Language of God, in which he describes the scientific and political challenges that the Human Genome Project had to overcome, and his key role in this gives this book a special interest. But his main purpose is to demonstrate that there is "a consistent and profoundly satisfying harmony" between science and religious faith. At the ceremony announcing the first draft of the human genome sequence, President Clinton said "Today we are learning the language in which God created life. We are gaining ever more awe for the complexity, the beauty, and the wonder of God's most divine and sacred gift." Taking his title from Clinton's remarks, Collins's purpose in The Language of God is to explore the possibility of finding harmony between scientific and spiritual worldviews:I will argue that these perspectives not only can coexist within one person, but can do so in a fashion that enriches and enlightens the human experience. Science is the only reliable way to understand the natural world, and its tools when properly utilized can generate profound insights into material existence. But science is powerless to answer questions such as "Why did the universe come into being?" "What is the meaning of human existence?" "What happens after we die?" One of the strongest motivations of humankind is to seek answers to profound questions, and we need to bring all the power of both the scientific and spiritual perspectives to bear on understanding what is both seen and unseen. The goal of this book is to explore a pathway toward a sober and intellectually honest integration of these views. (6)Collins's own personal synthesis is a version of theistic evolution. He rejects creationism and intelligent design in favor of the view that God, as the Creator of the universe, sets the values of crucial physical constants in such a way that life and consciousness naturally evolve. …


To examine the independent relationships between fibrin D‐dimer, interleukin 6 (IL‐6), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen and incident mobility limitation and mortality.


The invention relates to a high-performance communication management device which is characterized by comprising a man-machine interaction module, a data bus module, a power module, a main CPU (central processing unit) module, a CAN (controller area network) bus signal module, a network communication module and at least one serial port communication module, wherein the man-machine interaction module, the power module, the main CPU (central processing unit) module, the CAN (controller area network) bus signal module, the network communication module and all the serial port communication modules are connected into the data bus module. Expandability of a substation automation system can be effectively improved, the high-performance communication management device has high reliability, average fault-free operation time is long, relevant parameters of equipment can be checked in real time through a liquid crystal display screen, various communication protocols can be simultaneously converted, so that communication data are transmitted in real time, and the requirement of the substation automation system for real-time performance is met.


The knowledge of free or forced convection heat transfer inside geometries of irregular shape (for example, wavy channel and pipe bend) for porous media has many significant engineering applications; for example, geothermal engineering, solar-collectors, performance of cold storage, and thermal insulation of buildings. A considerable number of published articles are available that deal with flow characteristics, heat transfer, flow and heat transfer instability, transition to turbulence, design aspects, etc. Many researchers [1–6] considered different physical situations which can be classified into two broad groups. The first group problems cover a wide range of applications; for example, flow through blood vessels, food industries, large industrial heat exchangers, etc. In contrast, the relatively new second group deals with the natural convection problem in an enclosed space with wavy walls. Starting from the microelectronic heat transfer cooling device this group covers a wide range of significant engineering applications; for example, microelectromechanical device, double-wall thermal insulation, underground cable systems, solar-collectors, electric machinery, etc. Significant contributions have been made by several researchers [7–9] in order to model the problems of this specific group. For wavy cavities filled with porous medium that obeys the Darcy law, Kumar et al. [10– 13] reported flow and heat transfer results in a cavity with wavy bottom wall. This work is extended for one vertical wavy surface in Kumar [14]. Misirlioglu et al. [15] was analyzed free convection in a wavy cavity filled with a porous medium. For non-Darcy porous medium, Kumar and Gupta [16, 17] reported the flow and thermal fields' characteristics in wavy cavities.


Building on the research performed during the DARPA/AFRL/NASA Smart Wing Phase 1 program (Kudva, J.N. et al. (July 1999). Overview of the DARPA/AFRL/NASA Smart Wing Program, SPIE Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, Newport Beach, CA, Vol. 3674, pp. 230 6; Martin, C.A. et al. (1999). Smart Materials and Structures Smart Wing Phase 1 Final Report, AFRL-ML-WP-TR-1999-4162, Air Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH.) sought to improve vehicle aerodynamic efficiency using control surfaces actuated by smart materials, the goal of the Phase 2 effort was to develop larger scale, smart hingeless control surfaces capable of high-rate actuation and quantify their performance benefits at test conditions representative of operational flight environments. To achieve this goal, a 30-percent geometric scale, full-span wind tunnel model of a proposed Northrop Grumman Corporation (NGC) Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV) was designed and tested. The model incorporated conventional, hinged control surfaces on the left side and smart, hingeless control surfaces on the right to allow incremental aerodynamic performance comparisons; including lift increment due to unit control surface deflection (CL), and roll moment due to unit control surface deflection (Cld). This paper describes the design, fabrication, system integration, and ground test results of the Smart Wing Phase 2 model. Topics that are covered include: (1) wind tunnel model selection; (2) analysis and design procedure; (3) smart control surface integration; (4) model instrumentation; and (5) static load and Ground Vibration Test (GVT) results and correlation.


Othonna cerarioides Magoswana and J.C. Manning is described as a new species from Namaqualand, Northern Cape Province of South Africa. It is an erect shrub with rod‐like stems and branches, bearing numerous spur‐shoots with obovate‐oblanceolate leaves clustered at the tips, and up to nine disciform capitula per spur‐shoot. Othonna cerarioides is anomalous in the genus in that the style of some of the disc florets is bifid. Othonna is diagnosed within subtribe Othonnineae by female‐sterile disc florets with simple (or very rarely minutely bifid) styles. The disc florets in the closely related genus Hertia are bisexual with well branched styles.


In Operation process of the compressed air system used for instruments of 300 MW in Zhujiang Power Plant, troubles of the air compressor and water cooling system are frequently occurred due to insuffiecent back-up capability of the system, threatening seriouly safe operation of the generating units. Directing against the problems existing in the compressed air system, systematic analysis has been carried out, performaing improvement for perfection and retrofit of the air compressor. Practice shows that a series of retrofitting measures has enhanced the safety, reliability, and economic behavier of the compressed air system, obtaining the expected effectiveness.


The dynamics of the stationary axisymmetric configuration of accreting magnetofluids surrounding a nonrotating compact object in the final stages of accretion flow is presented here. We discuss two classes of solutions for the angular momentum: a Keplerian solution, which demands no accretion flow for the fluids, and a non-Keplerian solution, which requires a radial inflow velocity for the matter. For the special case of no presence of electromagnetic fields, two sets of self-consistent analytical solutions of fully relativistic fluid equations are obtained separately for two different equations of state. The effect of the bulk viscosity coefficient on the physical functions was investigated for each state, as well as the bounds that exert on the free parameters due to last stages of the accretion-flow condition. To resolve the magnetohydrodynamical equations, we were inspired by previous sets of solutions, since the magnetofluid equations are just the same as the fluid ones in the case of vanishing electromagnetic fields. The azimuthal current in magnetofluids doesn't modify the dipolar configuration of the central object magnetic field, owing to the lack of a finite resistivity. The presence of this magnetic field doesn't affect the azimuthal velocity of the plasma, but does slow down its radial inflow, and decrease the density and pressure of the plasma. Despite the role importance of the bulk viscosity on the fluids' dynamics in the absence of electromagnetic fields, exerting the magnetic field decreases this role.


Birds, along with their dinosaurian precursors, possess a variety of bony cranial expansions. A deep understanding of the phenotypic complexity of these structures would be useful for addressing the development, evolution, and function of hard-tissue cranial ornamentation. Yet, the evolutionary significance and function of these structures have gone largely unaddressed because no unifying conceptual framework for interpreting bony cranial expansions currently exists. To provide such a framework, we examine osseous ornament variation in modern birds, using µ-CT imaging to examine the cranial casque components, structural composition, and developmental changes of two neognathous (Numida meleagris, Macrocephalon maleo) and one palaeognathous species (Casuarius casuarius) and survey the avian osteology literature of the 11 orders containing members with osseous cranial ornamentation. Our anatomical analyses suggest two broad configuration categories: (i) geminal, in which ornaments consist of paired elements only (i.e. within Neognathae) and (ii) disunited, in which ornaments consist of unpaired, midline elements along with paired bones (i.e. within Palaeognathae). Ornament bones contribute to casque elevation (proximal ornament support), elaboration (distal ornament shape), or both. Our results hold utility for unravelling the selection processes, particularly in difficult-to-decipher display roles, that shaped modern avian casques, as well as for the use of extant avians as comparative analogues of non-avian dinosaurs with ornamental head structures.


In an unlikely accident of nuclear reactor melt down, the leaked core-melt or corium needs to be contained in a device called core-catcher for cooling and stabilization. The ex-vessel behavior of corium involves complex physical and chemical mechanisms of flow propagation, heat transfer and reactions with sacrificial materials. As part of design development of a core-catcher, this study investigated the detailed characteristics of corium flow and heat transfer using a commercial CFD code for experimental data of corium spreading available in literature. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) model was applied to predict the interfacial surface formation of corium and surrounding air, and the discrete ordinate model was adopted for prediction of radiation from the surface of corium to the surroundings. It was found that the effect of cooling by radiation through the top surface of corium was dominant on the temperature and viscosity profiles at the corium front.


Abstract Novel therapies are needed to for the treatment of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT), an aggressive brain tumor that predominantly affects young children and has an average 5-year survival under 50%. Claudin-6 (CLDN6) is a tight junction protein present during development and is expressed in up to 70% of ATRT specimens but not in normal tissue, making it a promising immunotherapeutic target. CLDN6-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in combination with a CAR T cell-amplifying mRNA vaccine have demonstrated antitumor activity against other CLDN6-expressing cancers in pre-clinical and a phase I adult trial (NCT04503278; Haanen J et al AACR, 2022). To assess the effectiveness of CLDN6-targeted CAR T cells against ATRT, we utilized a second-generation mRNA CAR with a 4-1BB costimulatory domain and single-chain variable fragment against CLDN6 (Reinhard et al, 2020). CLDN6 expression in patient-derived ATRT specimens was profiled by RNAseq (mean FPKM 11.4) and immunohistochemistry (positive staining in 53% of specimens). Tumor-derived cell lines were assessed for CLDN6 expression by flow cytometry. Co-culture of CLDN6-directed mRNA CAR T cells resulted in tumor-specific cytotoxicity compared to CD19-directed control CAR T cells in CLDN6-positive ATRT cell lines 7316-2187 (92% versus 15% at 10:1, p < 0.0001; 86% versus 0% at 5:1, p<0.0001) and 7316-2141 (75% versus 7% at 10:1, p<0.0001; 53% versus 0% at 5:1, p< 0.0001). Patient-derived, orthotopic xenograft ATRT models were created through intracranial injection of tumor cells into the cerebellum of NSG mice. Following engraftment with 7316-2141, repeated intratumoral administration of mRNA CLDN6 CAR T cells resulted in significant tumor regression (-1.9x108 vs. +2.4x109 p/sec/cm2/sr, p<0.001) and improved survival compared to mRNA CD19 CAR T cells (median OS not reached vs. 13 days, p=0.002). This work highlights the potential for targeting CLDN6 via CAR T cell therapy in patients with ATRT as a novel therapeutic strategy.


The three-dimensional loading capacitated vehicle routing problem is a strong NP-hard problem. Most existing algorithms for the problem are heuristic or meta-heuristic algorithms. In this paper, an exact algorithm is proposed for the problem. For solving the loading sub-problem, we use an effective method to generate possible points for loading items, which greatly reduce the search scope. Then we proposed an exact algorithm which iteratively calls a branch-and-bound algorithm based on set partition. The validity of the proposed algorithm is examined by comparing the present results with those of published algorithms using the same data.


A Mo-10.9Si-20.3B (if not stated otherwise all compositions are given in at.%) alloy was modeled using the phase field method with linearized phase diagrams and thermodynamic data. The simulation results showed that there are two specific microstructural constituents. According to the simulations and experimental microstructural investigations the primary Mo5SiB2 phase observed in this study was combined by the Moss-Mo3Si-Mo5SiB2 eutectics. The overall composition of the both primary and eutectic area was probed and the phase evolution along with the concentration change of the core areas were explored and visualized in the solidification domain. To verify the accuracy of the simulation results, they were comprised with the experimental achievements. In terms of the fraction of phases, the portion of the primary phase and the eutectic constituent and the phase distribution pattern our results were in good agreement with the experimental observations.


The contemporary debate on globalisation is restricted by approaches that tend to limit the range and depth of analysis, impeding a proper clarification of its basic elements. Several attitudes toward globalisation can be observed in the debate: demonisations and mystifications; positive and negative value judgments, respectively, as well as the withdrawal into the intimacy of small-scale decision-making in the community. However, beyond the variety of possible reactions to the phenomenon, at the heart of the debate looms yet another antinomy (and an even more resilient and relevant one at that): globalisation versus democracy. The objective of this article is to show that this juxtaposition is not for real, since local and global dynamics are responsive to one another. The article also shows that globalisation drives different social systems to compete with one another, thus opening up new options for life and reducing the capability of elites to fully control society. The article provides a critical analysis of the three basic elements of the globalisation debate, namely: the selection of the terms used to describe the phenomenon; the arguments that define and limit the debate; and its effects on the exercise of liberty in democracies.


The article considers the stages of building structures calculations during the pre-computer period and after the introduction of computers into the engineering process. The article describes the functions and capabilities of modern calculated software systems used to improve the automation rate and the quality of designing and erecting buildings. The possible problems of calculated software complexes are clarified, and attention is focused on the lack of the information base about methods of forming frameworks calculated schemes in software complexes. Examples confirm the analyzing necessity calculation results in software packages. Conclusions in further research about calculated software systems using are formulated.


oronary atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall, frequently leading to vascular morbidity and premature mortality. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) allows accurate quantitative assessment of coronary plaque burden. Serial IVUS studies to assess the progression and/or regression of coronary atherosclerotic plaques indicate only modest effects of pharmacological intervention on plaque burden, even when clinical efficacy is documented. In the REVERSAL trial, after 18 months of therapy in 654 patients with coronary artery disease, atheroma volume decreased by 0.4% in patients receiving atorvastatin 80 mg but increased by 2.7% in those receiving pravastatin 40 mg.1 In a Japanese population, after 12 months of therapy in 307 patients with acute coronary syndrome, plaque volume in non-culprit lesions had significantly declined by 16.9% in patients receiving 4 mg of pitavastatin and by 18.1% in those receiving 20 mg of atorvastatin.2 That study demonstrated that coronary plaque is more likely to show regression in Japanese patients than in Western patients. However, IVUS studies of progression/regression of coronary atherosclerosis have been limited by several issues that have not yet been resolved.


In a recent article, &dquo;Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel: After Dodd, What?&dquo; /1/, D.A. Carson discusses C.H. Dodd's Historical Tradition in the Fourth Gospel and presents 10 theses about methodological issues involved in Dodd's work and in scholarly contribution since that work was first published. With special reference to those theses which particularly deal with Dodd I would like to make some comments which will suggest inter alia that Carson's own methodology is not above criticism.


The FDA recognized the combination of acetylsalicylic acid (250 mg), acetaminophen (250 mg), and caffeine (65 mg) as safe and effective in treating acute headaches, especially migraine, and was considered effective also by the American Headache Society (Level A). This combination is well-tolerated in episodic tension-type headache and considered superior to acetaminophen. All components of this combination are considered safe during breastfeeding and can be taken orally for acute migraine attacks.


Feb. 3, 2014 (KR) ........................ 10-2014-OO12211 (51) Int. Cl. A6IB5/00 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ............. A61B5/0095 (2013.01); A61B5/0071 (2013.01); A61B5/415 (2013.01) (57) ABSTRACT Disclosed is a method of generating a diagnostic image by using a photoacoustic material. The method includes deter mining a wavelength band of light maximally absorbed by a photoacoustic material, based on at least one or more photoa coustic materials injected into an object, irradiating light, which corresponds to the determined wavelength band, onto an internal region of interest (ROI) of the object to acquire a photoacoustic signal corresponding to the irradiated light, generating a photoacoustic image indicating the ROI by using the photoacoustic signal, and combining and displaying the generated photoacoustic image and an image expressing that the light is being irradiated onto the ROI.


Ornamental rocks are particularly important for the design of green buildings. This article has aim is to build a systematic review from the discipline of architecture to identify the advantages and disadvantages of some Ornamental rocks in the construction industry. Then, this systematic review presents a diverse panorama of the subject over a period of 22 years. What allows the reader to build a diverse and complex vision of the subject of study.


Steady-state heat transfer through a contact region (circular and elliptical) is solved numerically by the boundary element method. Exploiting the symmetry of the problem, specialized Green's functions are employed, thereby considerably simplifying the task of constructing an appropriate mesh (i.e., highly refined near the contact edge). Moreover, accurate fluxes for this difficult problem are obtained utilizing a new extrapolation technique for treating the edge discontinuity. The application of specialized Green's functions is also illustrated on another three-dimensional problem of practical importance, that of temperature profiles in an electrochemical plating cell.


In the euclidean plane, a regular curve can be defined through its intrinsic equation which relates its curvature $k$ to the arc length $s$. Elastic plane curves were determined this way. If $k(s)=\frac {2\alpha}{\cosh \left(\alpha s\right)}$, the curve is known under the name ''la courbe des for\c cats'', introduced in 1729 by Giovanni Poleni in relation with the tractrix \cite{Palais1976}. The above equation is yet meaningful on a surface if one interprets $k$ as the geodesic curvature of the curve. In this paper we solve the above equation on a surface of constant curvature.


ABSTRACT Demand response (DR) refers to changes in the electricity use patterns of end-users in response to incentive payment designed to prompt lower electricity use during peak periods. Typically, there are three players in the DR system: an electric utility operator, a set of aggregators and a set of end-users. The DR model used in this study aims to minimize the operator's operational cost and offer rewards to aggregators, while profit-maximizing aggregators compete to sell DR services to the operator and provide compensation to end-users for altering their consumption profiles. This article presents the first application of two metaheuristics in the DR system: particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE). The objective is to optimize the incentive payments during various periods to satisfy all stakeholders. The results show that DE significantly outperforms PSO, since it can attain better compensation rates, lower operational costs and higher aggregator profits.


The valorization of available agricultural by-products is important for the development of bio-aggregate based concretes as eco-friendly solutions for building materials. However, their diversity requires to assess their potential of use in vegetal concretes. This study aims to propose simple and relevant multi-physical characterization methods for plant aggregates. Basic and complementary characterizations were carried out on hemp shiv as a reference plant aggregate, and nine by-products available in the South-West part of France, i.e., oleaginous flax shiv, sunflower pith and bark, coriander straw, wheat straw, wheat chaff, corn shuck, miscanthus stem and vine shoot. The basic characterizations performed were those recommended by the TC-RILEM 236 BBM, i.e., particle size distribution, bulk density, water absorption and thermal conductivity. Complementary characterizations have also been proposed, taking into account the possible environment of the binder and the vegetal concrete manufacturing method. The additional tests developed or adapted from previous research assess the following properties: the content of water-soluble compounds at pH 7 and 12, the dry density of plant aggregates compacted in wet state, the real water absorption after compaction and the compression behavior of these compacted aggregates. This complete characterization highlights the distinct behavior of the different agroresources and allows to correlate these characteristics to the use properties of hardened composites.


The effect of psychological stimuli on sympatho-adrenomedullary activity as reflected in the urinary excretion of catecholamines was studied in 19 volunteers with normal labyrinthine function, and in 20 Meniere patients with single or bilateral labyrinthine defects. In the normal subjects, experimentally induced emotional stress was accompanied by a significantly increased excretion of urinary catecholamines. This was not the case in the patients with unilateral labyrinthine dysfunction; their adrenaline excretion declined throughout the experiment. In three patients with bilateral labyrinthine destruction the adrenaline excretion remained very low throughout the experiment, and the emotional stress was not accompanied by the rise found in the healthy subjects.


Lateral Property Group has secured a new letting for 6 Cambridge Crescent; a Grade II listed Victorian building overlooking the Cenotaph in Harrogate. ...


Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease and ultimately leads to right heart failure. Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) have been demonstrated to significantly improve prognosis in PAH. However, ERAs-induced side effects can result in poor patient tolerance. Thus, we aim to evaluate current safety evidence of ERAs in PAH. Methods: An electronic search will be performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the interested safety data (abnormal liver function, peripheral edema, and anemia) of ERAs in PAH. Risk ratios (RRs) with their confidence intervals (CIs) and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) will be calculated using a network analysis. Results: This study will provide the safety evidence of ERAs in PAH by combining the results of individual studies based on direct- and network comparison, and to rank ERAs in the evidence network. Conclusions: The results will supplement missing evidence of head-to-head comparisons between different ERAs and guide both clinical decision-making and future research.


BaTi4O9 powder prepared by calcining BaCO3 and TiO2 powders was sintered to over 97% of theoretical density. Less than 5% Ba2Ti9O20 occurred as a second phase in "pure" BaTi4O9, and Al2O3 impurities from processing formed isolated hollandite (∼BaAl2Ti6O16) grains, which were identified by fringes in bright-field TEM images. For pure BaTi4O9 at 1 MHz, a dielectric loss (tan δ) of 5 × 10−4 and dielectric constant of 39 were recorded. Hollandite impurities were found to increase tan δ by 2 orders of magnitude, whereas firing in oxygen decreased tan δ by an order of magnitude.


The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has required that beginning in June 2006 refiners and importers of petroleum must ensure that at least 80 percent of the volume of on-highway diesel fuel they supply be ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD). By December 2010, all onhighway diesel is required to be ULSD. Between 2006 and 2010, both ULSD and low sulfur diesel (LSD) may be offered for sale at retail locations outside of California, with some diesel fuel outlets carrying both fuels and others choosing to sell only one or the other. Until January 2007, EIA has collected the price of on-highway diesel fuel without distinguishing the sulfur level. This paper describes how the weekly diesel price survey was modified to account for the transition to ULSD. Evaluations of the variance using a bootstrap method and sensitivity analysis to explore the impact of alternate assumptions are presented.


In this paper,we make a study on the overgroups of the diagonal subgroup in the group consisting of all upper triangular matrices over arbitrary commutative rings with identity.By constructing some proper sets and computing,we obtain the form of these overgroups.


The remote-sensing literature gives ample reference to oil-seep related anomalies and their use as exploration guides. Little technical evidence has been published examining the cause-and-effect relationship between surface signature and petroleum traps. An attempt was made to detect spectral signatures (tonal and textural) related to known natural oil seeps to establish criteria for remote detection of additional seeps in frontier areas. Sites included a variety of physical settings where surface expression of geologic structure, topography, vegetation, and degree of field development were varied to determine the hypothetical potential for discovery by remote-sensing techniques. Test sites included known shallow fields in Indonesia, oil sands in northern Alberta, and giant fields in the Middle East and western US. Results indicated tonal data recorded by Landsat helped discriminate possible unique (i.e. seep-related) but site-dependent signatures. SPOT 10-m resolution panchromatic data were most useful for detecting subtle textural signatures that are possibly seep related. Additional information is being analyzed, and intersite correlations between surface and sensor are being examined.


Operations Research (OR) addresses the process of decision making in business enterprises and industries. It is known that the inventory management system is one of the important field of study in OR. The study of deteriorating items in inventory system has gained the attention of many researchers in this area of research. The study the inventory of deteriorating items was opened up by Within (1957). In his study, he considered the deterioration of fashion goods at the end of prescribed storage period. Ghare and Schrader (1963) extended the classical EOQ formula with exponential decay of inventory due to deterioration and gave a mathematical model of inventory of deteriorating items. The literature is replete with inventory models for deteriorating items on the basis of demand variations and various other conditions or constraints.


One child. London: Spastics International Medical Publications, William Heinemann Medical Books; Philadelphia: J B Lippincott, 1982:75-83. 12 McWilliam RC, Stephenson JPBP. Atropine treatment of reflex anoxic seizures. Arch I)is Child 1984;59:473-8. 13 Rutter N, Southall DP. Cardiac arrhythmias misdiagnosed as epilepsy. Arch Dis Child 1985;60:91-4. 14 Taylor DC. Aspects of seizure disorders II. On prejudice. Dev Med Child Neurol 1973;15:91-4. 15 Finlayson RE, Lucas AR. Pseudoepileptic seizures in children and adolescence. Mayo Clin Proc 1979;54:83-7. 16 Meadow R. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Arch Dis Child 1982;59:473-5. 17 Mteadow R. Fictitious epilepsy. Lancet 1984;ii:25-8. 18 Bye AME, Nunn KP, Wilson J. Prolactin and seizure activity. Arch Dis Child 1985;60:848-51. 19 Beaussart M. Benign epilepsy of childhood with rolandic (centro-temporal) paroxysmal foci: a clinical study of 21 cases. Epilepsia 1972;12:795-811. 20 Ambrosetto G, Giovanard B, Rossi P, Tassinari CA. Predictor factors of seizure frequency and duration of antiepileptic treatment in rolandic epilepsy. Brain Dev 1987;9:300-4. 21 Asconape J, Penry JK. Some clinical and EEG aspects of benign juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Epilepsia 1984;25:108-14. 22 Clement MJ, Wallace SJ. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Arch Dis Child 1988;63:1049-53.


Colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) are likely to experience multiple concurrent toxicities that, rather than appearing singularly, may be associated with one another. Graphic and tabular representations of distance matrices were used to identify associations between toxicities and to define the strengths of these relations.


An Al~(3+) complex,Al(acac)_3, has been synthesized .The single crystal of the complex was determined by X-ray diffraction. Luminescent and delay luminescent performances were mainly discussed here. Also, the IR,UV-VIS, and fluorescence spectra of the complex were measured and analyzed.


Nina Praske is a professor at a London university. One of her many achievements is being the mother of three fantastic adult children born close together in under two years. Sadly, one of her sons,...


Summary form only given, as follows. The present paper shows up that the equations of state PV/sup 4/3/=const, TV/sup 1/3/=const, T/sup -4/3/P/sup 1/3/=const and PV=E/3 cannot be valid simultaneously for the adiabatic change of state of photon gas. Furthermore, the Planck's distribution-and so the Wien's law and the Rayleigh-Jeans connection as well-cannot be invariant in case of adiabatic change of state of photon gas. Namely, in case of adiabatic change of state of photon gas, a new type of ultraviolet catastrophe appears. The cause of these contradictions can be the lack of longitudinal magnetic flux density B/sup 3/ in the usual description. These results posses a fundamental importance in case of arbitrary deformation of electromagnetic radiation fields or quantum plasmas, too.


The possibility of giving hydrophobical properties to the fine-grained concrete matrix by using a granular nanostructured aggregate (GNA) with a hydrophobizing additive is investigated in this work. GNA is obtained by granulating the silica raw material with an alkaline component. The introduction of a hydrophobizing additive into the raw mix of GNA allows to encapsulate it reducing the negative effect on hydration processes, the intensity of migration of moisture and efflorescence in concrete and, consequently, improving the performance characteristics of fine-grained concrete products. The hydrophobizing ability of a solution of sodium polysilicates formed in the core of GNA during concrete heat and moisture treatment is proved. The analysis of IR spectra after the impregnation of cement stone samples with a solution of sodium polysilicates showed an increase in the degree of hydration and the formation of framework water aluminosilicates. Atmospheric processes modelling showed that the use of GNA on the basis of gaize with calcium stearate and on the basis of fly ash with GKZh-11 makes it possible to increase the resistance of fine-grained concrete to the atmospheric effect of the medium, namely, the outwashing of readily soluble compounds.


Urban green space landscape(UGSL)can improve the city's space environment and demonstrate its temperament and individuality.The importance of building UGSL with unique features was expounded.The method of the construction was discussed.The planning process was divided into macro and micro levels.The main issues at macro-level were to clearly determine the objectives and to establish the structures of UGSL,while to control and guide landscape perceptual system at micro-level.Then actual practice was carried out in the project of Wujin urban distract.In this project,the style of urban green space was positioned,the perception style of UGSL was built.


The objective of the study is to examine the influence of religiosity leadership's practices among the top management people of halal food and beverages SMEs towards their business performance. Previous studies have shown that religiosity practices among the leaders or top management people in the enterprises has contributed a significant impact to the business performance. Some results show these people, which influenced by religiosity has motivated their colleagues and workers to perform job very well that contribute to improve business performance. This study applied a quantitative design with a simple random sampling and survey questionnaire were distributed to 370 respondents by emails. The obtained data were analyzed by Smart-PLS. The findings of the study have a different result as it was hypothesized. The results of this study show that the characteristics of religiosity practiced by SMEs in Malaysia has been insignificantly affected the SMEs' business performance. This indicates that religiosity practices among the top management people are not a driver or a factor that can be relied on to improve their business performance either from financial or non-financial aspects. Perhaps the future study can collaborate with other variables such as entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Thus, it might give a different result since the (EO) is a significant factor to increase the SMEs' business performance.


The utility model relates to a vacuum oiling device. The vacuum oiling device comprises a vacuum pump and an oil box, the outlet of the oil box is respectively connected with the vacuum pump and the oiling mechanism via a pipeline, one end of the oiling pipe of the oiling mechanism is provide with a needle-shaped valve, the other end is an oiling mouth, the oiling pipe lower end and the pipeline are fixedly connected and communicated, the pipeline between the vacuum pump and the oil box is provided with a vacuum control valve and an oil outlet control valve, the pipeline between the vacuum control valve and the oil outlet control valve is provided with a vacuum air-release valve and a vacuum gauge, an oil-taking control valve is disposed close to the outlet of the oil box. The vacuum oiling device in the utility model can effectively prevent moisture and impurity from entering into insulating oil, reduce worker danger coefficient of high altitude construction, as well as reduce constructor number and working load.


Mannerheim League for Child Welfare coordinates youth-directed chat conversations as part of their online youth work project. The purpose of these discussions, regularly organised in IRCGallery, is to provide youths aged 13 to 17 with a possibility of preventive and mutual peer support. The objective of the survey was to analyse the experiences of young people of the IRC-Gallery chats as an environment for conversation and to find out about the implementation of peer support in them. In addition, the study contributed to the profiling of the youths involved in chats and their participation in the conversation. The research was carried out in cooperation with the Mannerheim League for Child Welfare. The material was collected through a survey elaborated for the purpose and linked with chats. The form of the survey was a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, in which the emphasis was on the quantitative issues. The research material containing 120 responses was collected through the survey. The results of the research indicate that young people consider IRC-Gallery chats a relatively natural and facile environment for discussion problematic issues. The vast majority of the young people attending chats take part in the discussion, but there are also people following the conversation closely without participating in it. The results also demonstrate that young people experience discussion among peers easier than the one between adults and young people. The research also reveals, however, that IRC-Gallery chats have some features, which young people perceive clearly inadequate and distracting. These include for example lack of anonymity and the presence of people deliberately interfering with conversations. On the basis of the results, Mannerheim League for Child Welfare will try to develop the chats in the desired direction, to serve their objective, the implementation of preventive peer support, as well as possible.


Northwestern Canada is currently warming nearly four times faster than the global average, driving accelerated permafrost thaw and changes to ecosystem vegetation, hydrology and landscape structure across the landscape. While permafrost peatlands constitute a large carbon reservoir, there is no consensus yet on the direction and magnitude of changes to their vulnerable carbon balance. Here, we assessed changes in peatland ecosystems following permafrost thaw at three sites located along a 1000 km long climate and permafrost gradient along the Mackenzie River valley, Canada. Specifically, we examined vegetation succession over the last few decades to evaluate the possible impact of climate warming on peat and carbon accumulation. Results from the palaeoecological analysis of 20 surficial peat cores, supported by robust chronologies, show a return to Sphagnum accumulation since ca. 1980 CE in the sporadic and discontinuous permafrost zones and ca. 2000 CE in the continuous permafrost zone. The average rates of peat and carbon accumulation reached 4 mm yr−1 and 134 g C m−2 yr−1 at the northernmost site in the continuous permafrost zone. In contrast, peat and carbon accumulation reached 3 mm yr−1 and 81 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively, in the sporadic and discontinuous permafrost zones. This study highlights the need for a net carbon budget that integrates the recent accelerated Sphagnum growth and carbon uptake from the atmosphere to better assess the potential carbon emissions offset following permafrost thaw. High-resolution palaeoecological studies can offer insights into decadal-scale patterns of vegetation and carbon balance changes to improve model predictions of peat climate-carbon cycle feedbacks.


System logs provide valuable information about the events that are taking place in your operating system. It stores information regarding user actions, kernel events and security-related events. It allows you to see almost any operation performed on your system. While investigating a compromised system, the investigator first examines the log files for abnormal events. The events found in logs can assist the investigator in the construction of a forensic timeline. The forensic timeline gives a summary of the events that took place around the security incident. There are many helpful techniques and tools for building a timeline, but nothing significant for identifying events of interest or abnormalities with limited historical data. This paper presents the LogEA (Log Extraction and Analysis) tool to support the forensic investigation of Linux-based logs. The LogEA tool uses natural language processing with machine learning to identify the log messages with negative sentiment. It considers negative log messages as events of interest within the system. LogEA can perform log extraction, log parsing, log maintenance and log analysis. With static log analysis, it is also helpful for real-time log monitoring, and it aims to assist an investigator by reducing the investigation time of a computer security incident.


background The size of a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) is typically determined using a pattern of the defect usually obtained following excision of a skin lesion. objective The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of various graft sizes on secondary wound contraction. methods Four 2.5 × 2.5 cm defects were created on the backs of 20 rats. Defect A was left to heal by secondary intention. The graft obtained from defect B (exact size graft) was sutured to its original bed. The wound of defect C (large graft) was patterned, and this was used to obtain a generous graft from the abdomen. A presized 1.5 × 1.5 graft obtained from defect D (small graft) was sutured to its original wound. Graft areas on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 18, and 21 were calculated and converted into a percentage of the original wound size. Analysis of variance was used for statistical comparison. Open wounds reached a final wound size of 5% at day 21. Exact-size grafts showed the least secondary contraction rate (74.19 ± 4.30 %) (p < .05). conclusion A graft in the size of a planned excision preserves its original area better than grafts larger or smaller in size in the rodent model. The size of a FTSG is an important factor in preventing secondary wound contraction. However, it should be stressed that the results of this study cannot necessarily be extrapolated to real clinical scenarios without further detailed studies.


Abstract : The research was planned to attack four major problem areas of cetacean biology, using conditioned response techniques. These were: (1) To develope a porpoise that could be released and retrieved in the open ocean, using conditioned response training and sound retrieval cueing. (2) To measure the maximum swimming speed in this animal using an open water timing range. (3) To measure diving depth using the trained animal and a depth telemeter. (4) To carry out detailed dissections and description of a putative lower jaw waveguide system, and its relation to the inner ear.


rare to find a child up to 10 years of age with neglected 'adenoids in whom there is no discoverable loss of hearing. From the aural point of view, the soft variety of adenoid enlargement is the most serious, as it is more liable to inflammation and suppuration, and so may cause otitis media. As we are confined in this discussion to the non-operative treatinent, all the specialist can suggest in these cases is to treat the accompanying catarrh; and in that respect it is advisable that there should be more frequent co-operation between the physician and the rhinologist. Breathing exercises are recommended by some people. I have no objection to them after the hypertrophied adenoids have been removed, for then they may be very helpful, but I protest against their use in those cases in which the adenoids have become fibrous, as it is then impossible for breathing exercises to disperse them; moreover, in these cases in which there is nasal obstruction, such exercises must exert a damaging effect on the chest wall. The majority of neglected hypertrophied adenoids have passed the soft stage, and have become fibrous, so that no treatment short of operation can effect a cure.


In article features and forms of participation of citizens in administration of the state in system of executive power are considered. It is noted that citizens can participate both in formation of authorities, and in their activity.


The empirical study of the data form 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS) demonstrates the effects of NEETs on life satisfaction of elderly. The Consideration of the cluster features of the data find that the elders economical support offeringto adult children can raise their own life satisfaction,but their physical labors in looking after grandsons / granddaughterstend to decline their life satisfaction. However, such effects lack of consistence and differs with gender,age, urban and rural differences. On the other hand, the elders' health status,age,education,personal economic status and community condition all influence their life satisfaction.The primary policy implications to raise the elders' life satisfaction are asthe follows: helping the adult Children's employment for the poor families and rural poor families, providing supports to the parents' into the urban with Children to look after little grandchildren, loosening the household registration system,providing with enough low-rent housing by the landownership reform, conversion of construction land into housing land, Reforming public finance system and education system to assist the children of floating population to have equal rights of education and to help the children left home apart from their parents.


In this article we estimate the economic cost of terrorism with regard to foreign direct investment and tourism in Northern Ireland during periods extending from 1970 through to 2007. Previous studies which have estimated the economic cost of terrorism internationally have neglected Northern Ireland. As a result, we focus exclusively on the economic cost of terrorism in Northern Ireland, which has been significant. In particular, our analyses indicate that for those initiatives reliant on foreign direct investment as well as for the tourism sector, a fatality as a result of terrorism imputes a minimum economic cost of £3.69 million pounds sterling. Taken together, our findings indicate an economic lower bound on the cost of terrorism in Northern Ireland.


This paper examines the empirical performance of various option pricing models. The models are tested in the same way market practitioners use them: the models are fitted to all the market traded liquid option prices and are recalibrated whenever the model is used to mark-to-market the option under consideration or to set up hedging portfolios. The test is based on their effectiveness of hedging exotic options. Since exotic options are only traded in the over-the-counter market, historical data are unavailable, and the traditional approach of comparing market prices with model prices can no longer be used. We propose a new methodology to overcome this difficulty: model performance is based on accuracy of hedging strategies. Using historical S&P 500 futures option prices we show that the so-called practitioner's Black-Scholes model performs better relative to other alternative models for valuing barrier options, but worse for valuing compound options. Our results also indicate that model performance depends on the degree of path dependence of the option under consideration as noticed by Hull and Suo (2002). 1 School of Business, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6. Email:firstname.lastname@example.com. 2 School of Business, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6. Ph: (613) 533-2337, Email: email@example.com.


The paper presents the transport module of the System for Integrated modeLling of 10 Atmospheric coMposition SILAM v.5 based on the advection algorithm of Michael Galperin. 11 This advection routine, so far weakly presented in international literature, is positively 12 defined, stable at any Courant number, and efficient computationally. We present the rigorous 13 description of its original version, along with several updates that improve its monotonicity 14 and shape preservation, allowing for applications to long-living species in conditions of 15 complex atmospheric flows. The scheme is connected with other parts of the model in a way 16 that preserves the sub-grid mass distribution information that is a corner-stone of the 17 advection algorithm. The other parts include the previously developed vertical diffusion 18 algorithm combined with dry deposition, a meteorological pre-processor, and chemical 19 transformation modules. 20


Preface. 1. The Principles and Limitations of Geophysical Exploration Methods. 2. Geophysical Data Processing. 3. Elements of Seismic Surveying. 4. Seismic Reflection Surveying. 5. Seismic Refraction Surveying. 6. Gravity Surveying. 7. Magnetic Surveying. 8. Electrical Surveying. 9. Electromagnetic Surveying. 10. Radiometric Surveying. 11. Geophysical Borehole Logging. Appendix. References. Index


Aims and Objectives: Enhancement of the therapeutic properties of glass ionomer cements with antimicrobials, without alterations in its existing physical properties is of current research interest. One such innate property is microhardness. The aim of this study was to compare the microhardness of chlorhexidine-modified glass ionomer cement (CHX GIC) and chitosan-modified glass ionomer cement (CHT GIC) with an unmodified glass ionomer cement (FUJI IX GIC) and to study the variations in their microhardness when stored for a year. Materials and Methods: In an experimental analytic study, Fuji IX GIC liquid was modified with chitosan to form 10% vol/vol of CHT GIC. Fuji IX GIC powder was modified with chlorhexidine diacetate powder to form 1% wt/wt CHX GIC. Fuji IX GIC was used as control. Forty cylindrical samples each of the control and experimental cements were prepared, embedded in resin and stored in distilled water. Vickers microhardness testing was performed at stipulated time periods. The mean and standard deviation of each group were calculated. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test for multiple comparisons. Results: Materials showed significant difference in microhardness (P <0.000) at all time periods chosen for the study. FUJI IX GIC had the highest microhardness values at all time periods. CHT GIC showed the lowest microhardness and CHX GIC showed excellent stability over time. Conclusion: Although the therapeutic effects of modified GICs are proven, these additives can significantly and negatively alter the existing microhardness of the parent material.


The present note shows that the concept of a distribution economy (Hildenbrand (1974)) is closely related to a framework of an exchange economy in which the agents' individual characteristics (i.e. preferences and endowments) are random (Hildenbrand (1971), Bhattacharya and Majumdar (1973), Follmer (1974)). A random exchange economy is fully specified by the distribution of the family of random variables representing the agents' individual characteristics. This distribution is a probability measure µ on (SA, B(S)A) with S denoting the space of individual characteristics, B(S) the Borel o-algebra generated by an appropriate topology on S and A a denumerable set of agents. The linkage between a Hildenbrand distribution economy and an ergodic random exchange economy with a countably infinite set of agents endowed with the graph topology of the integer lattice Zd is established in this paper by a convergence result for the empirical distribution of the latter. For any increasing sequence of finite subsets of A exhausting A, the associated sequence of empirical distributions converges almost everywhere on the underlying probability space to some distribution v on (S, B(S)). As far as aggregate variables of the economy, such as the mean demand or the equilibrium price system are concerned, any infinite random exchange economy with converging limiting empirical distribution v is equivalent to a Hildenbrand distribution economy characterized by the same distribution v. This relationship suggests an approach to endogenous modelling of distributions of individual characteristics in General Equilibrium Theory. Thereby, specific distributions of characteristics can be obtained from a specific stochastic microstructure of local interaction between agents affecting their individual characteristics.


The organization of gene and protein regulation networks adresses fundamental questions in biology. In this work, we show that the emergence of particular hierarchized structures allows the cell to respond in an adapted way to signiicant environmental inducers. Using multivariate analysis techniques, we demonstrate that the constraint to exhibit as many diier-ent responses as possible results in the individualization of functionally correlated units, related to the coregulated protein groups previously observed in actual regulation systems.


When three nonsimultaneous harmonics of a fundamental were presented to six trained observers at 50 dB SL, pitch perception was based on spectral frequency in quiet, but based on fundamental frequency when white noise was present (signal 6 dB above threshold in noise). Harmonics were of 40 ms duration, with 10 ms ISI. Harmonics of 200 Hz (600‐800‐1000 Hz) were paired with harmonics of 100 Hz (720‐900‐1080 Hz) for observers' 2AFC judgments of lowest pitch. Thus the stimulus with the higher fundamental (200 Hz) had relatively lower frequencies, while the stimulus with the lower fundamental had relatively higher frequencies. With close to 100% observer reliability pitch judgments in quiet were based on spectral properties and those in noise on residue. When subjects subsequently adjusted a tone to match the lowest pitch heard in such nonsimultaneous three‐component stimuli, spectral pitch matches occurred in quiet while residue pitch matches occurred in noise. When a pitch‐shift stimulus (650‐850‐1050 Hz) wa...


Semiconducting copper(I) oxide nanowires were fabricated by electrochemical deposition into porous polycarbonate membranes from a copper lactate electrolyte. Nanowire composition and structure were varied by controlling the deposition potential and deposition rate, respectively. Nanowires formed at more negative potentials had increased metallic Cu content leading to Cu 2 O/Cu composites. The nanowires were highly resistive but displayed enhanced conductivity under UV/visible light illumination. Optical spectra show both a plasmon resonance due to metallic copper and an interband absorption due to the bandgap of copper(I) oxide, calculated at 2.28 ± 0.02 eV.


&NA; Physician assistant educators must equip their students with the skills to competently practice medicine not only today but also in the future. Our graduates are faced with an overwhelming array of new information and it is imperative that they be competent in managing and using this evidence to improve the health of their patients. Future PAs must have the ability to construct answerable clinical questions, develop effective searches of the literature for evidence, appraise the evidence, and ultimately apply it to patients. Evidence‐based medicine (EBM) provides the framework and skill set that enables PAs to efficiently become lifelong learners and critical thinkers. This article is an overview of the University of Utah Physician Assistant Program's (UPAP) EBM curriculum that is focused on clinical relevance and utility. It also outlines how programs can adapt for themselves UPAP's EBM curriculum to satisfy graduate‐level educational requirements, as the master's degree becomes the standard for PA education.


Background: Neurogenin3 is essential for pancreatic endocrine differentiation, but the mechanisms regulating its expression are poorly understood. Results: Neurogenin3 transcriptionally activates its own gene in a direct autoregulatory loop involving Foxa2. Conclusion: Neurogenin3 and Foxa2 cooperate during endocrine differentiation. Significance: Elucidating the mechanisms governing Neurogenin3 expression and function is crucial to understand pancreatic endocrine differentiation and devise cell replacement therapies in diabetes. The transcription factor Neurogenin3 functions as a master regulator of endocrine pancreas formation, and its deficiency leads to the development of diabetes in humans and mice. In the embryonic pancreas, Neurogenin3 is transiently expressed at high levels for a narrow time window to initiate endocrine differentiation in scattered progenitor cells. The mechanisms controlling these rapid and robust changes in Neurogenin3 expression are poorly understood. In this study, we characterize a Neurogenin3 positive autoregulatory loop whereby this factor may rapidly induce its own levels. We show that Neurogenin3 binds to a conserved upstream fragment of its own gene, inducing deposition of active chromatin marks and the activation of Neurog3 transcription. Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro. However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo. Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells. Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.


Barpak earthquake 2015 (7.8 Richter scale) killed 8,800 people, injured thousands and made nearly 3.5 million homeless. It created food shortage and hardship on livelihood because of damaged agricultural infrastructures, loss of stored food, feed, seed, livestock and reduced crop yield. This research aims to find out post the disaster situation of food availability, consumption and food balance in Gorkha district, as well as to assure livelihoods support and economic resilience. Relevant literature was reviewed, and field verification and interactions were organized in different rural municipalities/municipalities in the year 2019. The study revealed that Gorkha has a high agricultural potential with a surplus production of cereals (49.7%), fruits (6.2%) and spices (175.7%). However, the surplus on cereals was only in Palungtar, Ajirkot, Arughat, Siranchok, Barpak Sulikot, Dharche and Gorkha municipalities (7491.3, 6000.1, 5946.6, 3424.9, 2699.8, 1255.2 and 707.3 t/year, respectively), but Chun Numbri, Bhimsen, Gandaki and Sahid Lakhan municipalities were in a deficit of 101, 661, 333 and 1799 t/year respectively. Moreover, the district was producing a negligible amount of fish, oilseed, ghee (animal) and honey but was in deficit in the production of vegetables (31.5%), potato (30.0%), milk (29.6%), egg (65.0%), meat (54.0%) and pulses (53.0%). In fact, the food surplus and deficit in different commodities varied in different municipalities with different degrees. It is thus suggested to adopt a municipality-wise, commercial-focused agriculture programme that includes potato/seed production in Chun Numbri (high hill), medicinal herbs in Dharche, maize in Barpak Sulikot, intercropping agroforestry of utis (Alnus nepalensis), timur (Zanthoxylum armatum), white sandalwood (Santalum album) with cardamom/tea/coffee in Ajirkot, goat production in Siranchok and Arughat, avocado in Bhimsen, citrus in Sahid Lakhan, organic vegetables in Gandaki and Gorkha and milk/fruit production in Palungtar. Finally, it is recommended to integrate all the development programmes, farmers' welfare programmes, agro-tourism and resources to give synergy on food security and economic resilience of the earthquake victims in Gorkha district.


Aphanomyces euteiches is a phenotypically diverse pathogen, but the origins of this diversity are not known. To determine if cross-fertilization occurred between pea and bean pathotypes of A. euteiches, a technique to outcross isolates of A. euteiches was developed. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and several phenotypic traits were used to identify F, hybrids. Following 16 matings among isolates of different pathotypes, 4 of 82 germinated oospore isolates were inter-pathotype F, hybrids. Two of the four hybrids were infertile, but two were fertile and used to analyze the inheritance of virulence phenotype, host specificity (pathotype), hyphal growth rate, size of the aplerotic zone, and RAPD markers. As compared with parental pea and bean pathotype isolates, F, hybrids exhibited a pea pathotype and intermediate phenotypes in hyphal growth rate and size of the aplerotic zone. Subsequent self-fertilization of F1 hybrids yielded an F2 population that demonstrated segregation of virulence phenotypes, host specificity, hyphal growth rate, and RAPD markers. The results suggest that this diploid homothallic oomycete is capable of outcrossing and that sexual reproduction may play an important role in the generation of phenotypic variation.


The design characters of the subway station in Suzhou trace transport are introduced here,and the design thought and construction method are studied about the construction of the new railway station and subway station when being built together.The research result is useful to the design of cross stations for the underground traffic system.


This paper presents the design and functional simulation of a new multi-level bang-bang phase detector for use in a clock and data recovery circuit (CDR). The designed phase detector provides information of the nature of the delay between its input signals in a digitised manner, establishing six levels of quantisation. To avoid the metastability that hinders the performance of traditional bang-bang phase detectors, a scheme of phase delay sensing is proposed that eliminates the need to sample the data stream close to data transitions in the locked state. Behavioural simulations are provided comparing the performance of the proposed phase detector with that of a conventional bang-bang phase detector.


Summary Although much research has been devoted to understanding differences in contraceptive behaviour among socieconomic groups of married women, little is known about group differences among young unmarried women. In this paper, data from a national survey of women 15–19 years of age are used to study the relationship between socioeconomic status, sexual activity, and contraceptive use. The socioeconomic status of the young women is related to age at first intercourse, contraceptive use at first intercourse, regularity of use, and use of medical methods. The results indicate that both an earlier initiation of sexual activity and less regular use of contraceptives in all probability lead to a concentration of pregnancies in the lower socioeconomic groups.


Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of applying different methods of data mining to model the inflow of sewage into the municipal sewage treatment plant. Prediction models were elaborated using methods of support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) and of Kernel regression (K). Data consisted of the time series of daily rainfalls, water level measurements in the clarified sewage recipient and the wastewater inflow into the Rzeszow city plant. Results indicate that the best models with one input delayed by 1 day were obtained using the k-NN method while the worst with the K method. For the models with two input variables and one explanatory one the smallest errors were obtained if model inputs were sewage inflow and rainfall data delayed by 1 day and the best fit is provided using RF method while the worst with the K method. In the case of models with three inputs and two explanatory variables, the best results were reported for the SVM and the worst for the K method. In the most of the modelling runs the smallest prediction errors are obtained using the SVM method and the biggest ones with the K method. In the case of the simplest model with one input delayed by 1 day the best results are provided using k-NN method and by the models with two inputs in two modelling runs the RF method appeared as the best.


A general model is developed for describing the kinetic segregation in stressed ultrathin alloy films deposited on inert substrates. The essential role of the diffusion-induced stress and the intrinsic stress in ultrathin films upon the kinetic surface and interface segregation is addressed. By the developed model, it is demonstrated that the equilibrium segregation is the natural consequence of the kinetic segregation. The influences of temperature, film thickness, and average concentration on the surface and interface segregation are evaluated. As an example, the model is applied to simulate the kinetic surface/interface segregation in ultrathin Ni(111)(Au) alloy films deposited on the sapphire substrate and the simulation results are in agreement with the experimental observations.


In central Florida, where strip mining for phosphate ore is a primary industry, street surfaces often become rolling because of differential settlement, and electrical transmission poles often tilt because of inadequate lateral support. This paper discusses the field exploration, engineering analyses, and construction observation and quality control performed for the densification and replacement of foundation soils for thirteen 230-kV transmission poles through a reclaimed strip-mining area near Lakeland, Florida.


In this paper,the convergence and divergence of multi-alternating series and generally alternating series have been discussed.Some criterions for the convergence of multi-alternating series and generally alternating series are given.With these results,it can be easily distinguished whether a multi-alternating series and generally alternating series is absolutely convergent,conditionally convergent or divergent.


Severe birth-related injuries constitute some of the most serious healthcare-related injuries, with devastating effects on the children"™s future quality of life. Both babies and parents confront emotional difficulties, economic burden and increased needs. Tort systems around the world have been proved ineffective, in both compensating and deterring substandard care and the Greek system is not an exception to the rule. The article, after presenting the core problems of the tort system, aims at initiating the relevant ethical discussion from the perspective of the principle of justice and at fostering discussion regarding the potential of establishing an alternative compensation scheme for severe childbirth injuries; a scheme, which will be effective in providing redress quickly and efficiently and enhancing patient safety. Due to the lack of space and relevant data regarding adverse events in Greece, we will not make a detailed description of the specifics of the proposed system. Instead, the basic aims and principles underpinning the system will be formulated, along with some initial ideas concerning the system"™s core elements.


Citation: Landon-Cardinal O, Allenbach Y, Benveniste O (2017) Anti-HMGCR Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy Leading to Identification of Cancer Relapse. Clin Med Rev Case Rep 4:164. doi.org/10.23937/23783656/1410164 Received: March 09, 2017: Accepted: April 20, 2017: Published: April 22, 2017 Copyright: © 2017 Landon-Cardinal O, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ISSN: 2378-3656


The main goal of endodontic therapy is to reverse the process of periapical periodontics by removing such microorganisms from the root canal. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as common endodontic irrigant, possess problems of toxicity, odor and discoloration of operatory items. An equally effective, but safe irrigant is desirable. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-microbial activity of propolis with that of NaOCl (5.25%) in microbial flora of necrosed teeth with apical chronic periodontitis. Seventeen necrosed single canal teeth with apical chronic periodontitis were selected. After cavity preparation, two samples were taken of each canal with sterile paper points and were immediately transferred to the laboratory in BHI and thioglycollate broth intermediately. Then, serial dilution were made and inoculated on to aerobic and anaerobic plates in the presence or absence of NaOCl (5.25%) and propolis. After incubation, the colonies were counted and reported as CFU/ml. According to the results, the mean percentages of bacterial growth inhibition in the presence of NaOCl (5.25%) in aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 39.4 and 40.86%, respectively, while in the presence of propolis they were 29.42 and 46.4%, respectively. It is revealed that in anaerobic condition propolis was significantly more effective than aerobic condition. Also, in anaerobic condition, it is more effective than NaOCl, none significantly. In the case of NaOCl, it can be mentioned that, there is no significant difference in aerobic and anaerobic condition. It can be concluded that propolis and NaOCl have antimicrobial activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and propolis has antimicrobial activity equal to that of NaOCl. Key words: Antimicrobial, bacteria, propolis, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), root canal irrigants. INTRODUCTION Bacteria are present in great numbers in moist organic environments such as oral cavity (Jalalpour and Ebadi, 2012). They are the leading cause of pulp and periapical inflammation (Behnen et al., 2001). Current data indicate that anaerobic bacteria play a major role in pulp and


204Cu steel is a copper-containing,low-nickel and nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel,and its cold-forming property is superior to the 200 series stainless steels and close to 304 stainless steel.In order to produce cold-rolled coil with 2B surface,1%Ni 204Cu steel has to be subjected to annealing,cold pickling and electrolyzing subsequent to cold-rolling.204Cu steel is to be annealed to eliminate the structure defects,to refine the grains,to reduce the hardness and to improve the workability,and to do this the selection and control of annealing temperatures are important.


National development is the government's effort in realizing the welfare of the people and the state, starting from increasing the standard of living of the community to improving the system for implementing state activities. National development is expected to be evenly distributed throughout the country, both centralized development and development in regions whose power is controlled by the regional government. Phenomenon In the Medan City area, motor vehicle tax is one type of regional tax collected by the Regional Revenue Service of the Province of North Sumatra through the Samsat Joint Office as one of the potential sources of tax revenue, where the Samsat Joint Office has an advantage in the number of vehicle taxpayers who continues to increase every year. From this phenomenon, should there be an increase in the ownership of motorized vehicles with a BK number (tax object) in the area of Medan City, it will have a positive impact on any increase in the amount of motor vehicle tax revenue at the Samsat Joint Office. But in fact, overall motor vehicle tax revenue at the Samsat Joint Office has not been fully realized easily, from the description above, researchers are interested in formulating the problem How to implement the 2018 motor vehicle tax bleaching program in the Regional Revenue Management Technical Implementation Unit (UPT PPD) Medan South and What are the obstacles to motor vehicle tax collection in 2018 in the Regional Revenue Management Technical Implementation Unit (UPT PPD) in South Medan. This type of research used in this study is a qualitative researcher.


On the basis of literature data and results of own research in the article describes the features of the epidemiology of combined natural focal infections, their distribution in the Russian Federation, pathogenesis and clinical features to suit different combinations of pathogen agents. The data on the mixed infection of ticks by different agents in various combinations, as well as polyetiology infected of reservoir hosts Showing different variants of combined natural focal infections in humans caused by the associations of microorganisms, including up to five assiociants, as well as features of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations Based on original research developed a method of a quantitative estimation the activity of combined natural foci and complex of measures on surveillance and control of combined natural focal infections.


The importance of establishing a sense of community is accepted as a central element in establishing an effective learning environment, impacting student persistence, satisfaction, and achievement. Although there is a body of research on building learning communities within an asynchronous learning network (ALN), that research is rather one-dimensional in that it is based upon a sample taken at a point in time and does not adequately address the dynamic characteristics of interpersonal relationships. The impact of shared experiences over time on feelings of community within an ALN is not clearly understood. This baseline information is necessary for providing context for an analysis of how to build community. This work in progress addresses that lack of context through a causal-comparative study that addresses the research question, "How does the sense of community change throughout the semester in a course offered in an ALN?" In deriving an answer to the research question, students in twelve graduate-level courses offered as part of the curriculum in a school of computer and information sciences completed the Classroom Community Scale twice during their 12-week terms: once at the midterm point, and again at the end of the term. A MANOVA analysis of the data did not suggest a change in community over the course of the semester.


This is a case report of Ewing's sarcoma/PNET arising from small intestine, a rare presentation of Ewing's sarcoma. The case presented as a mass per abdomen with no other associated symptoms and after excision of the mass along with the adjacent mesentery, the histopathology and immunohistochemistry reported as Ewing's/PNET with clear margins. Follow up of the case showed no recurrence. This case is reported for its rare occurrence, as only few cases are reported in literature.


Influence of an external magnetic field on the nematic-isotropic ($N-I$) phase transition in a dispersion model of nematic liquid crystals, where the molecules are either perfectly uniaxial or biaxial (board-like), has been studied by Monte Carlo simulation. Using multiple histogram reweighting technique and finite size scaling analysis the order of the phase transition, the transition temperature at the thermodynamic limit and the stability limit of the isotropic phase below the transition temperature for different magnetic field strengths have been determined. The magnetic field dependence of the shift in $N-I$ transition temperature is observed to be more rapid than that predicted by the standard Landau-de Gennes and Maier-Saupe mean field theories. We have shown that for a given field strength the shift in the transition temperature is higher for the biaxial molecules in comparison with the uniaxial case. The study shows that the $N-I$ transition for the biaxial molecules is weaker than the well known weak first order $N-I$ transition for the uniaxial molecules and the presence of the external magnetic field (up to a certain critical value) makes the transition much more weaker for both the systems. The estimate of the critical magnetic field ($\sim 110 T$) for the common nematics is found to be smaller than the earlier estimates.


The geometries of N,N′-diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (DPPD), N-phenyl-N′-(1-phenylethyl)benzene-1,4-diamine (SPPD), N-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-N′-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (6PPD), N-propan-2-yl-N′-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (IPPD), N-(2-methoxybenzyl)-N′-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine (MBPPD), and N-phenyl-N′-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine (CPPD) as well as of their dehydrogenation products were optimized by the semiempirical AM1 method. The results support the idea of stable NB=CX structures formation during the consecutive dehydrogenation of SPPD, 6PPD, IPPD, and MBPPD antioxidants. The biradicals formed during the second step of dehydrogenation of substituted phenylenediamines might be important for their antioxidant effectiveness.


The invention relates to a distributed base station of mobile station. Wherein, it comprises several antenna-radiation processors and remotely connected central processor; each antenna-radiation processor has antenna array formed by several antennas; said central processor comprises multi-in multi-out coder to multi-in multi-out code the data of mobile station, to generate several data marks; wave shaper for multiplying the data mark of each mobile station with relative weight factor, to obtain the wave shape data of each data mark; superposition unit for layering the wave shape data and sending the layered data into antenna to be emitted. The invention also provides a relative communication system and relative signal transmission method.


In this paper we describe a plantar pressure monitoring system which would be applied to monitor the plantar pressure for daily activity exercise stress assessment. The system realized real time parameter measurement, transmission, data analysis and storage. Based on the previous study, 5 force sensors were located on the insole, which could estimate the foot load with reasonable accuracy and reduce system cost. The use of Bluetooth enables the system real-time communication with many common devices, which not only improves the convenience of equipment but also creates condition for family daily activity monitoring.


The article evaluates durability of punches and cutting tools when cutting of the cut-outs. Durability of punches made of the same material without coating, with the TiCN-MP coating and with the TiN coating is compared. Durability is evaluated by the tolerance of the cut-outs. Border durability, which requires grinding of the tool, is a determined durability, at which the deviation of the tolerance of a cut-out is at the lowest border. By comparing the dependency of change of the holes' dimensions on the number of strokes in the case of all three types of punches, it can be stated that the durability increased by 10–12 times in the case of the tools with coatings.


Heat consumption is very high in many branches of industry including paper industry. That is why innovation trends in paper industry also include heat energy saving that can be realized by enhancing of heat recovery efficiency. Some entertainments that produce paper in Slovak Republic have not built the heat recovery system which could be installed near a drying cover of a paper machine. The minor paper mills in Slovak Republic usually possess operating paper machines which use cogeneration units for heat and electricity production with output range between 400 and 500 kWh. Integration of innovative spiral heat recovery unit into the existing dryer section of paper machine in a paper mill will lead to decrease of heat consumption by 25 000 up to 31 000 GJ per year that means financially up to 625 000 EURO per year.


The data warehouse was set up on PCS,MES,ERP database.There are more than 300 data items about cold rolling products.So it is possible to lay a solid base to set up prediction model of cold rolling steels' mechanics properties.By means of requirement analysis,data collection,sorting,system frame,data load and application,and metallurgy and materials rules are combined,then the prediction expert system was developed,which covers tensile strength,yield strength,elongation,n value and r value of cold rolling production.And the product includes a variety of coverage from ultra low carbon to low carbon steel.


Characterization and creation of wavelet frames, C. Chui quadrature mirror filters, low crest factor arrays, functions achieving optimal uncertainty principles and complete orthonormal sequences - a unified approach, J.S. Byrnes quantitative aspects of wavelet bases in L2, J. Stoeckler numerical aspects and approximation orders of optimal interpolation, K. Jetter quantitative approximation results for sigma-pi-type neural network operators, B. Lenze on the existence of Gauss-like node distributions on high-dimensional spheres, M. Reimer radical basis function interpolation to finitely many scattered data, R. Schaback fast algorithms for the simultaneous polynomial approximation, M. Tasche some remarks on multivariate polynomial interpolation, A. Le Mehaute computing cardinal interpolation and wavelets by using convolution products, C. Rabut interpolation with radial basis functions a survey and recent results, M. Buhman quasi-interpolation with the Gaussian radial functions, W. Light multiresolution and prewavelets using radial basis functions, F. Utreras. (Part contents)