Abstract Aims The needs of young people attending mental healthcare can be complex and often span multiple domains (e.g., social, emotional and physical health factors). These factors often complicate treatment approaches and contribute to poorer outcomes in youth mental health. We aimed to identify how these factors interact over time by modelling the temporal dependencies between these transdiagnostic social, emotional and physical health factors among young people presenting for youth mental healthcare. Methods Dynamic Bayesian networks were used to examine the relationship between mental health factors across multiple domains (social and occupational function, self-harm and suicidality, alcohol and substance use, physical health and psychiatric syndromes) in a longitudinal cohort of 2663 young people accessing youth mental health services. Two networks were developed: (1) 'initial network', that shows the conditional dependencies between factors at first presentation, and a (2) 'transition network', how factors are dependent longitudinally. Results The 'initial network' identified that childhood disorders tend to precede adolescent depression which itself was associated with three distinct pathways or illness trajectories; (1) anxiety disorder; (2) bipolar disorder, manic-like experiences, circadian disturbances and psychosis-like experiences; (3) self-harm and suicidality to alcohol and substance use or functioning. The 'transition network' identified that over time social and occupational function had the largest effect on self-harm and suicidality, with direct effects on ideation (relative risk [RR], 1.79; CI, 1.59–1.99) and self-harm (RR, 1.32; CI, 1.22–1.41), and an indirect effect on attempts (RR, 2.10; CI, 1.69–2.50). Suicide ideation had a direct effect on future suicide attempts (RR, 4.37; CI, 3.28–5.43) and self-harm (RR, 2.78; CI, 2.55–3.01). Alcohol and substance use, physical health and psychiatric syndromes (e.g., depression and anxiety, at-risk mental states) were independent domains whereby all direct effects remained within each domain over time. Conclusions This study identified probable temporal dependencies between domains, which has causal interpretations, and therefore can provide insight into their differential role over the course of illness. This work identified social, emotional and physical health factors that may be important early intervention and prevention targets. Improving social and occupational function may be a critical target due to its impacts longitudinally on self-harm and suicidality. The conditional independence of alcohol and substance use supports the need for specific interventions to target these comorbidities.


Abstract The relationship of glacier response due to mass-balance changes is of fundamental importance when climate variations are to be understood. In this paper, two aspects of the problem are analyzed from field data: (1) advance/retreat of the glacier terminus due to changes in mass balance, and (2) cross-correlation of mass-balance data from two glaciers in the same climate zone. The results show: (1) the terminus can respond quickly in accordance with expected minimum time-scale, and (2) two glaciers in the same general climate zone may have very different yearly mass balance and advance/retreat behaviour. This latter result indicates the importance of local climate variations.


Fragile/semi-fragile watermarking are important methods for authenticating multimedia contents. The watermark must be sensitive to malicious attacks. However, at the same time, it also has to be insensitive to allowed modifications. In practice, the definitions of "allowed modifications" are various. It is difficult to satisfy multiple users having different authentication requirements with a fixed algorithm. In this paper, we introduced a novel "sensor-based" authentication watermarking with the concept of "authentication on demand", in which user requirements are adopted as parameters for authentication. In addition, fuzzy identification of multiple authentication sensors' outputs has introduced the ability of finely tuning on authentication type and degree. With this approach, authentication sensitivity to malicious attacks is enhanced. At the same time, the approach is also more robust against allowed modifications. As a byproduct, this algorithm provides a new function, to detect the attack method.


In this study, the authors developed six data driven models based on quadratic polynomial equations for optimal control of a chiller in an office building. The data driven models can accurately simulate chilled return water temperature, cooling return water temperature, cooling capacity factor, cooling output ratio at full load and cooling output ratio at part load of the chiller. The data driven models were used to determine optimal operation strategies for the chiller. It was shown that the cold to be generated and electric energy of the chiller could be reduced 12.2% and 18.9%, respectively.


The invention discloses a transmission method of time domain synchronous-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDS-OFDM) based on a theory of compressive sensing and relates to the field of wireless communication. The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of self-correlation properties of a received training sequence and a local training sequence, obtaining parts of prior information of multi-path channels, and confirming a position of a non-interference area in the received training sequence according to the channel length of the multi-path channels included in parts of the prior information; according to parts of the prior information and on the basis of the theory of compressive sensing, calculating time delay of each path of the multi-path channels; and according to signals in the non-interference area and on the basis of a maximum likelihood algorithm, calculating coefficient of each path of the multi-path channels. According to the transmission method of the TDS-OFDM based on the theory of the compressive sensing, two technical problems that the TDS-OFDM is difficult to support high order modulation of 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and the performance deterioration in dynamic channels is obvious are solved, and a strong theoretical and technical support is provided so that digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) can catch up with and surpass the advanced international levels in key performance indicators of spectral efficiency, high-speed motion and receiving and the like.


The ability of wide range of prosody adjustment will be helpful to improve the naturalness and expressiveness of synthesized speech.The method of pitch synchronous time-frequency interpolation(TFI) is applied to Mandarin speech synthesis.Compared with TD-PSOLA,TFI can adjust the pitch without affecting the duration.The difference quotient interpolation is also used to improve the accuracy of the interpolation calculation,which shows satisfied quality of synthesized speech.


We apply some recent developments of Baldoni-Beck-Cochet-Vergne on vector partition function, to Kostant's and Steinberg's formulae, for classical Lie algebras $A_r$, $B_r$, $C_r$, $D_r$. We therefore get efficient {\tt Maple} programs that compute for these Lie algebras: the multiplicity of a weight in an irreducible finite-dimensional representation; the decomposition coefficients of the tensor product of two irreducible finite-dimensional representations. These programs can also calculate associated Ehrhart quasipolynomials.


The concept of creating digital twins, connected digital models of physical systems, is gaining increasing attention for modeling and simulation of whole cities. The basis for building a digital twin of a city is the generation of a 3D city model, often represented as a mesh. Creating and updating such models is a tedious process that requires manual work and considerable effort, especially in the modeling of building geometries. In the current paper, we present a novel algorithm and implementation for automatic, efficient, and robust mesh generation for large-scale city modeling and simulation. The algorithm relies on standard, publicly available data, in particular 2D cadastral maps (building footprints) and 3D point clouds obtained from aerial scanning. The algorithm generates LoD1.2 city models in the form of both triangular surface meshes, suitable for visualisation, and high-quality tetrahedral volume meshes, suitable for simulation. Our tests demonstrate good performance and scaling and indicate good avenues for further optimization based on parallelisation. The long-term goal is a generic digital twin of cities volume mesh generator that provides (nearly) real-time mesh manipulation in LoD2.x.


As a critical function for intelligent tutoring system services, personalised exercise recommendation plays an important role in boosting the study performance of students. However, recent studies on personalised exercise recommendations have only considered the ability of a student during recommendation and have failed to include the essential relationships between knowledge points, which provide a suitable learning sequence of these knowledge points during a study procedure. In this study, we propose an intelligent exercise recommendation method (weighted knowledge graph‐based recommendation [WKG‐R]) for students, based on weighted knowledge graphs, wherein each node represents a knowledge point weighted by the ability of a student and an arrowed edge between two knowledge points indicates their prerequisite relationship. The novelty of WKG‐R can be summarised as follows: (1) It makes a leading attempt to quantify the ability of a student based on various testing behaviours and (2) it attempts to employ the ability of a student and the prerequisite dependencies between knowledge points for enhancing the effectiveness of personalised exercise recommendation. A real classroom teaching practice was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed WKG‐R method. The experimental results demonstrated the distinct advantage of WKG‐R in improving the testing scores of students as compared with contemporary solutions. The average score improvement ratio of students for WKG‐R is up to 33%, whereas for the state‐of‐the‐art solution, it is only 22%. The questionnaires collected from the students also reflected a higher level of satisfaction towards WKG‐R than with the contemporary solutions.


The yield of K-shell fluorescence radiation emitted from aluminium crystals is measured during bombardment with 1H+, 3He+, 4He+, and 20Ne+ ions in the energy range 100–200 keV under channeling conditions. The yield as a function of the angle between the beam and a crystallographic direction shows a minimum; the half-width is independent of the ion mass and varies as the square root of the incident charge. Under proton bombardment the yield curve for copper K-shell excitation is somewhat wider than for L-shell excitation. The difference diminishes with increasing energy and vanishes near the upper end of our energy range. Channeling in organic crystals is demonstrated along the c direction of thin anthracene crystals in penetration experiments with 5.48-MeV alphas. The yield of optical fluorescence radiation emitted from the anthracene target during alpha bombardment shows a minimum when particles are incident along this channeling direction.


The improvement of the track substructure, particularly that of the formation, of existing railway lines is an important task for Austrian Federal Railways (OBB); as a result of the rise in speeds and traffic loads, these often outdated installations have reached the end of their technical lifetime and, thus, need to be renewed. This article looks at the experience gained during five years of operation with the Plasser & Theurer AHM 800-R formation rehabilitation machine.


The present study attempts to improve corrosion resistant of high Co-Ni steel in ~ 1.0 wt% NaCl environment at 25 °C (room temperature) by different tempering times. Microstructures of specimens were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behavior was evaluated by polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Firstly, the tempering time has a great influence on the morphology of martensite lath in high Co-Ni steel. Secondly, it was observed from the experimental data that a passivation/oxide layer with N-type semiconductor behavior was formed on all the samples studied in this paper. Increasing the tempering time can move the corrosion potential forward. Finally, tempering time of 16 h effectively improves the overall stability of the sample surface and reduces the corrosion tendency of the sample.


With the widespread use of offset lithographic printing for scientific and technical journals, the publisher often gains a cost advantage by combining type and art copy on the page mechanical or repro proof. The art or illustrative copy takes the form of an intermediate print, whether the original is a line drawing or continuous-tone photograph. The complete page mechanical is then treated by the lithographer as a line shot, without the need for separate illustration negatives to be made and stripped into position within the page negative, or double burned on the plate. An economical method of manufacturing high-quality intermediate prints for both line and continuous-tone original art is explained. Suggestions are offered on how to set up an in-house camera operation with emphasis on equipment and staffing requirements. The economic and schedule advantages of an in-house camera operation are also discussed.


An unusual pattern of sudden, unexplained deaths occurred in a litter of 15 bloodhounds of which 12 had survived the neonatal period. Nine of these dogs died between the ages of six weeks and three years. Two others became unacceptably aggressive and were humanely killed at 18 and 22 months old. Of the nine dogs that died, five (four males, one female) did so unexpectedly and suddenly without previous illness or pre-monitory signs. Post mortem examinations were carried out on only two of these five dogs, and in neither case was there evidence of organic dis- ease adequate to account for sudden death. Both dogs had incidental epicardial mesothelial fronds. The clinical history of these related dogs raises the suspicion of a possible familial or breed-associated cardiac dysrhythmia, not recognised hitherto. Confirmation will require cardiological monitoring of related dogs and systematic post mortem examination of bloodhounds that die suddenly without premonitory signs.


Abstract Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) is an important cover crop and green manure in dryland cropping system of Mediterranean regions. A delay in the onset of rainfall during autumn can inhibit hairy vetch seed germination, which exposes its early growth stages to low-temperature stress. The present study was carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications to evaluate the effects of seed priming on germination of hairy vetch under chilling stress. The treatments were seed-priming type (unprimed, hydro-priming, halo-priming, and osmopriming) and temperature (3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 °C). The results indicated that a decrease in temperature produced a linear decline in the germination rate of seeds treated with halo-priming and osmopriming (p < .01). The seedling length, seedling dry weight, and vigor index decreased in plants experiencing chilling stress (quadratic; p < .01) for hydro-priming, halo-priming, and osmopriming. The maximum germination rate was achieved using hydro-priming. Osmopriming prevented a decrease in the rate of germination at 3 °C. A decrease in temperature increased the proline and the soluble protein contents in all the seed priming treatments, but, decreased catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity (p < .01). In brief, halo-priming, and hydro-priming enhanced establishment and growth of hairy vetch under chilling stress primarily through improvements in the physiological parameters and germination rate. This finding can increase the potential for cultivation of the hairy vetch in late planting date.


Jadeitic pyroxene has recently been found as pebbles of sandstone beds in lower part of lower Cretaceous formation of the Kanto Mts. This fact as well as previous discovery of lawsonite and pumpellyite-bearing rocks as clastic materials in the same horizon clearly show that the Sanbagawa metamorphism of the Kanto Mts. must have occurred before the deposition of lower Cretaceous formation of the Kanto Mts.


This article is based on the compulsory trial lecture in connection with the defense of my doctoral thesis (June 2012).


Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), using inductively coupled plasma, has been used to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic carbon fibers (GCF) on substrates sputtered with aluminum and iron catalyst. The capacitive plasma's power has been shown to cause a transition from nanotubes to nanofibers, depending on the strength of the plasma. The temperature, placement, and other factors have been shown to affect the height and density of the tube and fiber growth.


Lave and Wenger's (1991) concept of 'communities of practice' (CoPs) promises to address the sense of 'pedagogical solitude' (Shulman 1993) experienced by many academics, by offering them opportunities to work together, over time, on matters of genuine concern within their own contexts – in ways that traditional staff development programs cannot. If CoPs are to gain legitimacy as a form of academic development however, we need to address the 'epistemological and logistical difficulties' of evaluating their impact (McDonald & Star, 2006). As with any form of academic development, participant satisfaction only tells 'half the story'; it does not necessarily translate into changes in the thinking and practice of teaching academics, or their students (McAlpine et al, 2008). Ideally, evaluation of a CoP should do more than provide the data necessary for securing institutional support; it should also facilitate the reflective learning of its members, and capture the negotiated process of meaning-making between the individual (with their own history and experiences), and the community (Wenger, 1998). In this presentation, we tell more of the story, about one faculty-based teaching community of practice (T-CoP) which has been evolving since 2007 (Green &Ruutz, 2008). We report on an ongoing evaluative study designed and conducted by T-CoP members, which includes a survey used periodically to gauge satisfaction and share suggestions for future developments, and in-depth, semi-structured interviews, in which individual members can elect to reflect more deeply, with one of their peers, on the T-CoP's impact – on themselves, their students, their colleagues, and their faculty.


Objective:To detect whether active efflux system is present in ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobater cloacae (E.cloacae) isolated from clinic. Methods:The accumulations of ciprofloxacin in E. cloacae isolates were measured by a fluorescence method and the effects of carbonyl cyanidem-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)in the uptake of ciprofloxacin in E.cloacae isolates were evaluated by comparing intracellular stable concentrations of ciprofloxacin with CCCP and without CCCP. Results:The accumulations of ciprofloxacin detected in E.cloacae isolates reached to stable concentrations within the first 5 min, while the intracellular stable concentrations of ciprofloxacin showed lower in ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates than in ciprofloxacin-sensitive isolates, the accumulations of ciprofloxacin in resistant isolates increased after incubated with CCCP. Conclusion:It maybe exist an energy-dependent active efflux system targeting ciprofloxacin in ciprofloxacin-resistant E.cloacae isolates and the active efflux system may play a role in resistance to ciprofloxacin of E.cloacae isolates.


The authors present vector quantization using image adaptive codebook (VQIAC), an image adaptive vector-quantization technique where the codebook generated from the input image is encoded by using variable-length transform coding (VLTC). It is shown experimentally that VQIAC-VLTC is competitive with both vector quantization using a universal codebook and the conventional VLTC operating on the original image. Excellent subjective quality is obtained at a bit rate of about 0.9161 b/pixel.<<ETX>>


This paper deals with the special case of the economic regulation of Delhi Airport. Presented in the form of a case study, the paper discusses the background of the case, the objective of the regulatory body and the approach to regulation for Delhi Airport. The fair rate of return on equity (ROE) for Delhi Airport was calculated by using the capital asset pricing model by means of comparable entity analysis. It is worth mentioning that the case presented in this paper forms part of the Airports Economic Regulatory Authority sponsored research project on the estimation of a fair ROE of Delhi Airport. The results are presented with a brief discussion on the implications of the findings in the broader context of passengers, airlines, investors in Delhi Airport, the regulator and the Ministry of Civil Aviation of the Government of India.


19 Abbreviations and notes: N = nitrogen. Corn grain yields have climbed progressively over the last century due to collective changes in genetics and management practices. Annual crop yield information is robust in most corn-producing countries, but there is virtually no documentation available on the progression in nutrient use effi ciency over the last six decades of corn improvement. The primary objective of this investigation was to summarize previously published scientifi c information to advance the understanding of the relationship of corn yield to whole-plant N uptake and associated NUE changes apparent in "Old Era" (1940 to 1990) versus "New Era" (1991 to 2011) corn hybrids. Our data were collected from studies conducted (a) from 1940 until 2011 to assure a wide range of genotypes from different eras, (b) in all continents capable of corn production, and (c) across wide-ranging N rates (from 0 to 500 lb fertilizer N/A) and plant densities (from 4,500 to 44,000 plants/A). Only "experimental treatment means" were used. In addition, the term "N uptake" utilized in this paper is limited to above-ground whole-plant N uptake, so N accumulated in the root system is not included. Other corn traits included were NUE and its components. The following equation was used for the NUE (sometimes called agronomic effi ciency for N) calculation:


In this research, we aim to forecast the trajectory of the COVID-19
pandemic in terms of the number of exposed, infected, vaccinated,
hospitalized, recovered, and dead people, and observe the effects of
different vaccination strategies on the spread of the COVID-19. We
simulate the ongoing trajectory of the outbreak in three countries,
namely, Canada, the UK, and Israel using the susceptible - vaccinated -
exposed - infected - critical - recovered - dead (SVEICRD) model. We
consider two vaccination strategies and investigate their effects on the
number of exposed and death cases. We perform an extensive numerical
study to assess the implications of different strategies and spread
scenarios. Our findings confirm that the fourth wave has begun in all
three countries, and already reached its peak. We observe that starting
second dose vaccination as early as possible is the most effective in
mitigating the spread of COVID-19, although it does require more
vaccination supply than the alternative strategies. Our results show
that the SVEICRD model successfully forecasts the changing number of
people in each compartment and the vaccination strategy significantly
impacts the trajectory of the outbreak.


The literature that has characterized the field of group studies has been controversial and confusing with regard to the effect of communicative and noncommunicative variables on group decision making. The research reported here seeks further understanding of the communication-performance relationship. It is postulated that two classes of variables (homogeneity and task) moderate the relationship between group communication and group performance. This is because the variables contribute to the overall ambiguity found in the decision-making situation. The ambiguity model is advanced in an effort to reconcile the contradictory findings, where they exist, and to propose new hypotheses regarding the communication-group performance relationship.


This paper describes a possible approach to modeling the impact of selected cyber threats in the field of providing cyber-risk insurance. It compares predefined organizational parameters in relation to cyber threats scenarios. The results show how the insurance company can approach the issue of organizational insurance and protect its information systems against cyber threats. Finally, it is a discussion on the possible use of this issue in cyber security.


The aim of this chapter is to present the computational method developed in [DES 10] for the control of a Piecewise-Deterministic Markov Process (PDMP) (Xt)t 0 and to explain how similar ideas can be used for statistical inference. Most technical details are omitted to focus on the practical application of the procedure: we state in details the class of PDMPs it can be applied to and give all the algorithms necessary to its implementation. The main material of this chapter was originally published as [DES 10] and [BRA 12b]. Additional details and examples can also be found in [DES 15].


The aim of ruling by law set by the 15th NCCPC is to regulate the running of country.It is also called ruling by public law which promotes the legal constuction.However many problems are risen due to the neglect of ruling by public law to people living.The 17th NCCCP stessed the issues of people living and defined to develop the ruling by law deeply.So ruling by law should be shifted to the focus of people living in order to improve the comprehensive development and social harmony.


Mycobacterium bovis BCG remains the most widely used vaccine in the world, with a range of substrains that are named after their locations of production. More than 40 million doses of the BCG substrain Sofia are distributed annually through the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to approximately 120 different countries. However, in spite of its widespread use BCG Sofia has never been investigated at the genetic level, raising questions as to its genetic stability and exact provenance. The Bulgarian BCG Laboratory was established in 1949 when Dr. Srebra Rodopska obtained the BCG strain from the Institute Pasteur. However, due to suppurative cervical lymphadenitis in about 1% of orally vaccinated newborns, a few years later it was replaced with the Russian BCG strain. During 1972 lot 222 was approved as a master seed lot, originating the BCG substrain Sofia SL222. A working seed lot was produced from the master in 1993 from which all commercial lots are currently produced. To investigate the genetic properties of BCG Sofia, including its position on the BCG genealogical tree developed by Behr and colleagues (1), we performed genotyping assays on the master and working seed lots and on commercial batches no. 906 and 909 of BCG Sofia. We initially concentrated on genomic loci that are prone to variation. Spoligotyping exploits a polymorphic direct repeat (DR) locus that is composed of multiple 36-bp DR copies interspersed by unique spacers, with strains varying in the presence or absence of spacers (4). No difference among any of the BCG Sofia lots tested was found, with all strains showing patterns identical to those of other BCGs. Variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) typing targeted six alleles (A through F [2]) that vary in the length and number of repeats at each target; i.e., 7-5-5-4-3-3 would have 7 copies of allele A, 5 of B, etc. (2). The VNTR profile of BCG Sofia was determined to be 5-5-5-2-3-3.1, which is identical to the profiles of all other BCG strains tested. A whole-genome analysis of BCG Sofia was undertaken by using M. tuberculosis microarrays (5). This disclosed a range of deletions and a duplication that places BCG Sofia in the same lineage as BCG Russia, in accordance with the BCG genealogy. However, a novel 1.6-kb deletion that affects the Rv3697c and Rv3698 homologues was revealed. To determine whether this deletion had occurred during in vitro propagation of BCG Sofia, we screened for this region in other BCG strains. The region was also deleted in BCG Russia but not in any other strain. Hence, this deletion occurred prior to the in vitro cultivation of BCG Sofia. Public concern over the safety of various vaccines demands that they should be described in exquisite detail (3). Our analyses show that BCG Sofia and BCG Russia are indistinguishable, although this does not preclude the existence of single nucleotide changes between the strains. We have therefore confirmed the genetic identity and provenance of a BCG vaccine that is given to over 40 million individuals a year.


In his recent book on the multiplicity of the earliest forms of Christianity, Gerard Luttikhuizen has reminded us again that the original meaning of the word 'apocryphal' is not so much 'uncanonical', but rather 'hidden', 'secret', referring to the secret or esoteric character of the composition to which this term is applied.1 Thus the opening lines of The Apocryphon of John state that this book contains 'the teachings and the sayings of the Saviour' which he revealed to John 'as a mystery (musth,rion) which is hidden in silence (netàhp àN oymNtkarvw)'.2 These full and definitive teachings of the risen Jesus3 are only to be passed on 'secretly' (àN oyàvp) to John's fellow believers,4 and at the end of the text there is a strict prohibition on divulging this musth,rion to the uninitiated: 'Cursed is anyone who will give it away for a present or for food or drink or clothing or any other such thing',5 a prohibition also found in The Book of the Great Mysterious Logos in the Codex Brucianus, where Jesus says:


The archaeological site of Calescoves (Menorca), located in the creek of the same name, is made up of a Proto-historic burial place, a ritual well, and a defensive seaside settlement, and was an anchorage from IV century BC to the Late Roman period. Some cuts inthe stone have also been identified, conceivably used to situate the votive sculptures that sailors used to offer when they arrived at the anchorage. Finally, the Report highlights the presence of a cave, known as Cova dels Jurats or l'Esglesia that was a cave shrine fromthe Late Talayotic culture to III century AD. Some epigraphic inscriptions —most of themengravings, others paintings— located in a natural shelter, just at the main access to the cave, provide evidence of the celebration of the Parilia , a festivity dated the 21 April, the same day on which Rome celebrated its foundation. Presumably here ludi Ceriales was also celebrated.


30 31 Streptococcus mutans often survives as a biofilm on the tooth surface and contributes to the 32 development of dental caries. We investigated the efficacy of ClyR, an engineered 33 chimeolysin, against S. mutans biofilms in physiological and cariogenic conditions. 34 Susceptibility tests showed that ClyR was active against all clinical S. mutans isolates tested 35 as well as S. mutans biofilms that displayed resistance to penicillin. S. mutans biofilms 36 formed on hydroxyapatite discs in physiological sugar conditions and cariogenic conditions 37 were reduced ~2 logs and 3 logs after treatment with 100 μg/ml ClyR, respectively. In 38 comparison, only 1 log reduction was observed in the chlorhexidine (ChX) treated group, and 39 no killing effect was observed in the NaF treated group. A mouse dental colonization model 40 showed that repeated use of ClyR for 3 weeks (5 μg/day) reduced the number of colonized S. 41 mutans in the dental plaques significantly (p<0.05), without harmful effects on mice. 42 Furthermore, toxicity was not noted at concentrations exceeding those used for these studies 43 and ClyR-specific antibodies could not be detected in mice saliva after repeated use of ClyR 44 in the oral cavity. Our data collectively demonstrates that ClyR is active against S. mutans 45 biofilms both in vitro and in vivo , thus representing a preventative or therapeutic agent 46 against dental caries. 47 against is and is the reported is active against planktonic mutans In


An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of some technological processes on the residual levels of imidacloprid in strawberry fruits and products. According to their half-life (t 1/2 ) values, strawberry fruits can be safely harvested for human consumption 7.4 days after spraying. The removal ratio of imidacloprid residue in strawberries was in the range of 9.9–30.55% by washing with tap water. The average amount of imidacloprid residue in strawberry fruits, juice, and syrup under cold and hot break greatly decreased compared with those in unwashed strawberry fruits. Moreover, the residue of pesticide decreased more in strawberries syrup under hot break than cold break. Imidacloprid residue was concentrated into jam and increased to higher levels than strawberry juice and syrup under cold and hot break. A change in physical and chemical properties of strawberry fruits and products was related mainly to the processing operations .


The topic of this paper is somewhat different from what is very often heard from computer or system people. This paper does not present any revolution in system applications or any new techniques. What this paper presents is a very unique system application concept as implemented at Bedek Aviation to solve the Division's aircraft maintenance environment problems. The uniqueness of this concept is in its simplicity.


This Article is the first academic study to systematically analyze the overall ability of stock buybacks to enhance executive compensation. While financial economists have confirmed the ability of buybacks to mechanically improve performance measures that determine executives' annual bonuses, I argue that repurchases can, in addition and to a much greater extent, boost performance measures that decide executives' long-term incentive awards. Indeed, my analysis of the executive compensation arrangements of CEOs included in the S&P 500 Index reveals that the potential of buybacks to pump up long-term incentive awards has dramatically increased, and that it is currently ten times higher than the effect of buybacks on annual bonuses. Consequently, the overall ability of buybacks to enhance CEO compensation through mechanical improvement of performance measures has reached an all-time high, averaging one-third of total pay. I argue, first, that because a buyback can increase pay even when it would destroy firm value, executives are motivated to conduct buybacks excessively. Second, I explain that this potential motivates executives to game their incentive compensation arrangements and turn them from pay for performance into pay for manipulation. Third, I find that the impacts of buybacks on executive pay are camouflaged in firms' public filings. These distorted incentives and the lack of transparency are likely to lead firms to underinvest in productive capabilities, disguise poor financial performance, and contribute to the creation of a market bubble that increases the likelihood of another financial crisis. Borrowing from dividend protection, which safeguards executive stock and option awards from the automatic decline in the stock price that dividends trigger, I suggest applying buyback protection, which would shield executive pay from the mechanical performance improvement that stock buybacks stimulate. Because I do not expect a mandatory rule requiring firms to adopt buyback protection to be effective I propose a novel regulatory reform to make the impact of stock buybacks on executive pay transparent. Transparency can be expected to push boards, shareholders, and proxy advisors to pressure firms to adopt buyback protection.


I was very happy to read this paper by Sasha, Anatoli and Arkadi not only because it is an exciting paper about testing problems that I have been interested in for many years but also for some more personal reasons. It actually reminded me of various problems about testing between sets that I begun to consider and work on almost fourty years ago and to which I gave a continuous interest up to now. It also brought back to my memory many exchanges and discussions that I had in the late seventies and early eighties with Lucien Le Cam, as well as many seminars and talks about robustness, which was at that time a very fashionable subject, and many friends that I made then like Tadeusz Bednarski, Gabor Tusnády and Piet Groeneboom, among others.


Acylcobalt species generated by treatment of alkyne—[Co2(CO)6] complexes with a combination of AcOH and pyridine as promoter, undergo addition reactions with various alkenes to give the corresponding alkyl alkenyl ketones instead of Pauson—Khand products.


Objective: To analyse in the context of Orthopaedic Surgery some ethical issues related to the physician-patient relationship (respect for the patient's beliefs, the ethics of reasonable bargaining, issues with geriatric patients and malpractice and medical error). Attention is also given to problems related to technological development, «enhancement», the use of sham interventions, and finally, the potential conflicts of interest between orthopaedic surgeon and the prosthesis industry. Design: Analysis of the main general medical ethics guidelines, and also of some specific guidelines published by speciality organisations, such as the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Conclusions: The ethics of Orthopaedic Surgery is consistent with that of medicine in general. Professional ethics means better professional practice, improves the physician-patient relationship, and creates a more humane and trustworthy environment. Orthopaedic surgeons, both at the individual level and as members of professional organizations are responsible for the humanitarian and scientific quality of the health-care they dispense.


AUTHOR Friedrich, Gustav W. TITLE Assumptions about Communication: Impact om Teaching arid Teacher Preparation. Communication Theory avid Instructional Theory. [and] The Goals of Communication Teacher Edutation: A University Perspective. PUB DATE Apr 83 NOTE 11p.; Papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the Central States Speech Association (Lincoln, NE, April 7-9, 1983). PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) Speeches/Conference Papers (150)


Background: Momelotinib (a JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor) induces both anemia and spleen response in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) (Leukemia 2013;27:1322). The favorable effect on anemia was a distinguishing feature for momelotinib, compared to other JAK inhibitors, but the drug was also associated with treatment-emergent peripheral neuropathy (TE-PN). We examined the natural history and risk factors of momelotinib-associated peripheral neuropathy. Methods: The study patients constitute part of a larger phase-1/2 clinical trial (CCL09101; NCT00935987) using momelotinib for the treatment MF. Toxicity grading was according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.4.03. Momelotinib capsules (as opposed to the newer tablet formulation used in the currently ongoing phase-3 study) were used in the current study, which represents a sponsor-independent analysis. Results: 100 patients with MF (median age 66 years; 58% males) were treated at the Mayo Clinic between 11/20/09 and 11/10/10. DIPSS-plus (JCO. 2011;29:392) risk distribution was 63% high, 36% intermediate-2 and 1% intermediate-1. 75% of the patients harbored JAK2V617F and 50% abnormal karyotype. Previous treatment included other JAK inhibitors in 21 patients, thalidomide/lenalidomide/pomalidomide in 31 and hydroxyurea or other cytoreductive agents in 55. History of diabetes was documented in 7% of the patients at baseline and 14 (14%) of the patients had symptoms of PN before starting treatment with momelotinib, all of which were grade-1. Momelotinib was initiated at 100 mg/day in 3 patients, 150 mg/day in 21, 150 mg twice-daily in 20, 200 mg/day in 3, 300 mg/day in 47 and 400 mg/day in 6. The maximum momelotinib dose was 150 mg/day in 6 patients, 150 mg twice-daily in 20, 300 mg/day in 68 and 400 mg/day in 6. Treatment duration was 24 months in 47. Median follow-up after the institution of protocol drug therapy was 35 months (range 1-49). During this period, TE-PN was documented in 44 (44%) patients; of these, 42 were in patients without baseline neuropathy. TE-PN involved the feet only in 28 patients, hands only in one patient and both feet and hands in 15 patients. Median (range) for the time of onset of TE-PN was 32 weeks (1-132) and duration of TE-PN 11 months (0-40). All 42 newly-emergent PN were grade-1 sensory while the two patients with grade-1 baseline PN progressed to grade-2. Formal neurological evaluation, which was performed in 9 patients, mostly showed length-dependent sensory-motor large and small fiber neuropathy with axonal features. TE-PN resulted in drug discontinuation in 7 patients and reduction in drug dose in 28 patients. Improvement after drug dose reduction was documented in only one patient and in none of those with drug discontinuation. Progression to grade-2 PN was documented in 3 patients. TE- PN was significantly associated with clinical improvement (CI) with 54% incidence in responders vs 30% in non-responders (p=0.02); however, longer treatment duration was also associated with higher prevalence of TE-PN (p=0.03). In univariate analysis, patients with TE-PN lived longer than those without TE-PN (p=0.048); however, significance was lost during multivariable analysis that included either achievement of CI or treatment duration. Neither the initial (p=0.53) nor maximum (p=0.37) momelotinib dose was correlated with TE-PN, which was also not influenced by JAK2V617F (p>0.99), karyotype (p=0.26), history of diabetes (p=0.39) or previous treatment with JAK inhibitor therapy (p=0.7), thalidomide (p=0.24), lenalidomide (p=0.59), pomalidomide (p=0.63) or hydroxyurea (p=0.56). There were no correlations between TE-PN and age (p=0.37), sex (p=0.37), type of MF (p=0.98), DIPSS-plus score (p=0.07), baseline transfusion dependency (p=0.15), constitutional symptoms (p=0.83) or spleen size (p=0.53). TE-PN did not correlate with hematologic (p=0.14) or extramedullary toxicity other than PN (p=0.41) or lipase/amylase abnormalities (p=0.35). Conclusions: Momelotinib-associated neuropathy in MF might not be reversible in the majority of cases but also does not appear to be progressive. We were not able to identify risk factors for TE-PN, other than duration of treatment, which also explains its apparent association with response/survival. We are currently looking into possible correlations with serum thiamine levels. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


* Corresponding Author: Zahra Soleymani, PhD. Address: Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98 (912) 2036683 E-mail: email@example.com Introduction: One of the prevalent developmental disorders is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Some children with ASD have language impairments besides communication disorders. Although the main linguistic impairment in this group has been reported in their pragmatic ability, some other linguistic elements such as grammar might be impaired, too. The primary purpose of this narrative review was to study the grammatical characteristics of children with ASD.


Study Objective. To evaluate the effects on efficacy and safety of a formulary change from granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) to granulocyte‐macrophage CSF (GM‐CSF).


BACKGROUND
Increasingly, women living with HIV are entering menopause (i.e., cessation of menses for ≥1 year) and experiencing midlife symptoms. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is first-line therapy for bothersome hot flashes and early menopause (i.e, before age 45), however, its use in women living with HIV is poorly described. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of MHT uptake and barriers to use in this group.

SETTING
This study was conducted across three Canadian provinces from 2015-2017.

METHODS
Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living with HIV (≥35 years) in the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) who answered questions related to MHT use were included. Univariable/multivariable logistic regression evaluated factors associated with MHT use, adjusted for age and contraindications.

RESULTS
Among 464 women, 47.8% (222/464) had a first-line indication for MHT, however, only 11.8% (55/464) reported ever using MHT and 5.6% (26/464) were current users. Only 44.8% had ever discussed menopause with their provider despite almost all women having regular HIV care (97.8%). African/Caribbean/Black women had lower unadjusted odds of MHT treatment compared to white women (odds ratio [OR] 0.42 [0.18-0.89]; P=0.034). Those who had discussed menopause with their provider had higher odds of treatment (OR 3.13 [1.74-5.86]; P<0.001). In adjusted analyses, only having had a menopause discussion remained significantly associated with MHT use (OR 2.97 [1.62-5.61]; P<0.001).

CONCLUSION
Women living with HIV are seldom prescribed MHT despite frequent indication. MHT uptake was associated with provider-led menopause discussions underscoring need for provider education on menopause management within HIV care.


Lead-free barium zirconate-titanate/barium calcium-titanate, [(BaZr0.2Ti0.80)O3]1−x–[(Ba0.70Ca0.30)TiO3]x (x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) (BZT–BCT) ceramics with high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and moderate electric breakdown field were prepared by the sol–gel synthesis technique. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed tetragonal crystal structure and this was further confirmed by Raman spectra. Well-behaved ferroelectric hysteresis loops and moderate polarizations (spontaneous polarization, Ps ∼ 3–6 µC cm−2) were obtained in these BZT–BCT ceramics. Frequency-dependent dielectric spectra confirmed that ferroelectric diffuse phase transition (DPT) exists near room temperature. Scanning electron microscope images revealed monolithic grain growth in samples sintered at 1280 °C. 1000/ε versus (T) plots revealed ferroelectric DPT behaviour with estimated γ values of ∼1.52, 1.51 and 1.88, respectively, for the studied BZT–BCT compositions. All three compositions showed packing-limited breakdown fields of ∼47–73 kV cm−1 with an energy density of 0.05–0.6 J cm−3 for thick ceramics (>1 mm). Therefore these compositions might be useful in Y5V-type capacitor applications.


This paper discusses the possibility to perform a forensic behavior analysis on the network recordings of video conferences in order to identify different activities taking part during such conferencing. This behavior analysis is based on the audioand video streams of such software. While the connections are usually encrypted, the possibility of using and deriving heuristic metadata from the encrypted stream in order to identify various activities (use cases) is explored. This paper shows first results of such an approach to identify various activities, which could then be used to construct a biometric pattern. Furthermore, a model for communication flows during video conferences is introduced, formalizing which specific data can be gathered at various points by an observer. A first case study employs a set of four different test cases applied to two different solutions for video conferencing. Keywords—Security, Video conferencing, Zoom, Big Blue Button, User and traffic profiling, Network forensics.


Semantic Web is challenged by the URI meaning issues arising from putting ontologies in open and distributed environments. As a try to clarify some of the meaning issues, this paper proposes a new approach to interpreting distributed ontologies, it's built on the top of local models semantics, and extends it to deal with the URI sharing by harmonizing the local models via agreement on vocabulary provenance. The commitment relationship is presented to allow the URI sharing between ontologies with richer semantics.


Since the most important sources for our knowledge are the Synoptic Gospels (esp. Mark and Q), historical Jesus research is always a hermeneutical exercise in which the tension between both faith and history is involved in a fruitful way. In fact, there is a lot of similarity between evangelists and researchers: both groups reconstruct Jesus from a specific perspective in view of a trustworthy image of Jesus. Contemporary research can learn from the past in avoiding three false oppositions: historical research versus theology, eschatological expectation versus immanent presence of the Kingdom, context versus text of the gospels. Finally, the challenge for historical research today is to learn to live with a plurality of valid Jesus interpretations.


In a systematic study on the interdependence of linewidth, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and spatial resolution in 3D proton spectroscopic imaging (1H‐SI) at 3 T, we demonstrate reduced linewidths with increased spatial resolution due to reduced magnetic inhomogeneity within the brain. High‐precision quantitative data (0.75–0.094 cm3) were obtained for all resolutions, enabling the creation of metabolic maps that display details such as the ventricles, sulci, and gyri. High‐resolution 1H‐SI allows differences in metabolic ratios to be estimated for anatomically defined regions in gray (GM) and white matter (WM). Seven distinct regions in a healthy brain were anatomically segmented and their metabolic ratios were compared quantitatively. Data from a tumor patient are also presented to demonstrate potential clinical applications. Because of the high resolution, the metabolite ratios could be determined for distinct pathologic regions within the tumor and its surroundings. The method was additionally applied to a patient with patchy Pelizaeus Merzbacher disease (PMD), and compared to single‐voxel spectroscopy performed in the same session. High‐resolution SI data were demonstrated in our study to allow the direct matching of anatomic and metabolic images. This may enhance the clinical value of 1H‐SI. Magn Reson Med 49:299–306, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Bejjani BP, Dormont D, and B. Pidoux (2000) reported bilateral subthalamic stimulation for Parkinson's disease by using three-dimensional stereotactic magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological guidance. Several methods are used for stereotactically guided implantation of electrodes into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for continuous high-frequency stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The authors present a stereotactic magnetic resonance (MR) method relying on threedimensional (3D) T1-weighted images for surgical planning and multiplanar T2-weighted images for direct visualization of the STN, coupled with electrophysiological recording and stimulation guidance.


Susceptibilities of 372 strains of bacteria to cefotaxime (CTX) were determined based on the inhibition zone diameter obtained by the single-disc method. Four categories were assessed. Susceptibility of clinical isolated to CTX and 3 other antibiotics. Against most strains, CTX showed higher antibacterial activity than other drugs in the low concentration, especially for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, E. coli and P. morganii. Susceptibility of strains isolated from different clinical materials. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity against most strains isolated from pus, blood and cerebrospinal fluid and showed higher activity against strains isolated from other materials, too. Susceptibility of clinical isolates in 7 different fields. CTX was shown to have uniformly higher antibacterial activity than other drugs against isolates from such fields as internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, urology, obstetrics & gynecology, dermatology and otorhinolaryngology. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity in dermatology. Susceptibility of all clinical isolates. CTX showed the highest antibacterial activity against isolated pathogenic 352 strains (except for P. aeruginosa of 20 strains).


Background: By virtue of their effects on thrombosis and the coronary microand macrovasculatura, it is plausible that lipid-lowering agents (LLA) might reduce infarct size. Methods: We compared infarct size among patients in the GUSTO lib and PURSUIT trials who were (n=fO48) or were not (n=9672) on a LLA prior to an enrolling myocardial infarction (MI). A propensity analysis was used to match patients on the probability of LLA treatment prior to the index admission. Results: In the overall (n=10720) and propensity-matched (n=6568) cohorts, the median CK-MB level was significantly lower among patients who were on a LLA prior to admission (4,0 vs. 5.0 X ULN, p<0.0001 and 4.4 vs. 4.0, p=0.01, respectively). In the propensify-matched cohort, fewer patients on a LLA before their MI had a CK-MB >= 3X ULN (58 vs. 63%, Risk Ratio [RR] = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.97, p=0.002). After adjusting for other potential confounders and the propensity score, LLA pre-treatment was associated with smaller infarct size (RR for CK-MB >= 3X ULN = 0.94, 95% CI 0.88-0.99), p = 0.04). Conclusion: Patients on a LLA prior to sustaining an MI had significantly smaller infarcts. These findings provide further evidence to suggest that lipid-lowering therapy may exert salutary effects in the setting of an acute coronary syndrome.


During these years, Korean popular culture has influenced throughout the Asian countries. Every day, when we switch on the television, we can see Korean drama on every TV channel, and also Korean products, Samsung, become one of the most famous the world's smartphones trends and also, Korean cosmetics are also sharply entering into the big market in recent years. It can be said that those things are the effect of Korean popular culture and Korean drama series. The article presents how Korean Wave effect on culture image and sector in Indonesia from the perspective of Indonesia audiences. The study is based on data analysis of the survey on 150 participants in Indonesia from different age groups such as university students, military persons and government officers and so on


As the bentonite is main material to prevent from collapse of drilling hole at underground excavation works, the quantity of bentonite is increasingly used on construction industry day by day. But, the discarded bentonite that is excessively used at underground excavation works causes various enviromental trouble such as soil and water pollution etc. Therefore, this study aims to propose a foundamental report about pozzolan reaction of discarded Bentonite powder by heat-treatment and cooling as concrete mineral admixture. To find out the strength-development properties of mortar with discarded Bentonite powder by indirect cooling & cooling using of water after heat-treatment, the experiments such as flow test, and compressive strength test on curing age of mortar are excuted. As a result of this study, discarded Bentonite powder can be utilized as concrete mineral admixture by heat-treatment and especially, the strength-development properties of mortar mixing with discarded Bentonite powder is superior to the situation of 600℃ㆍ60minㆍcooling using of water.


This paper presents a compact size microstrip patch antenna for L-band application. Overall /spl sim/75% size reduction has been achieved as compare to conventional microstrip antenna for same frequency band. We have designed dual fed microstrip patch antenna to obtain wide frequency band. Branch line coupler is used for 90/spl deg/ phase shift between two vertical feed and equal power coupling. Further, delay line has been designed between branch line coupler and microstrip patch for resonant frequency reduction. We can change the resonant frequency of a microstrip patch by changing the physical parameters of the delay line.


Aiming at the poor stability and small area on welding property of silver contact,taking resistance brazing AgCdO contact and copper clad steel belt as study object,by conducting Ag contact weld experiment of different structure to analyze the weld property.The study find if the flatness of Ag contact the wettability and the break over of the process tank are improved,then the weld property of contact could be improved.


The role of metabotropic purinergic receptors (P2YRs) in modulating motor output from the CNS is virtually unknown, despite the fact that many motoneurons, including respiratory motoneurons, express P2YRs. Using rhythmically active brainstem–spinal cord and medullary slice preparations, we demonstrate that compared to the 4th cervical spinal nerve (C4) inspiratory output controlling the diaphragm, P2YR activation is >10 times more efficacious at potentiating the hypoglossal nerve (XII) inspiratory output controlling airway muscles. P2YR potentiation of inspiratory output appears largely mediated by P2Y1R. Whole‐cell recordings from XII motoneurons (MNs) suggest that the P2Y1R‐mediated potentiation of inspiratory synaptic inputs, glutamate currents, and persistent inward currents, results in part from potentiation of a transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 4 (TRPM4)‐mediated, calcium‐activated, non‐specific cation current, ICAN. The low sensitivity of phrenic output to P2YR activation questions its physiological significance in modulating diaphragm activity. However, the greater sensitivity of XII MNs, combined with observations that ATP is often co‐released with noradrenaline and that noradrenergic neuron activity decreases in sleep, makes it tempting to speculate that loss of purinergic modulation contributes to state‐dependent reductions in XII MN excitability.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of volatile fatty acid concentration on anaerobic degradation rate of food waste leachate in the anaerobic digestion facilities. The anaerobic digestion facilities treating food waste leachate (FWL), codigestion with food leachate and animal manure (A-MIX), and codigestion with food waste leachate and sewage sludge (S-MIX) were selected for this study. In accordance with the regulation under Wastes Control Act in South Korea, the guideline of volatile solid removal rate for anaerobic digestion facility is set as 65% for anaerobic degradation efficiency. Highest volatile solids removal rates were achieved from FWL (63.5%) than A-MIX (56.4%) and S-MIX (41.2%). Four out of eight FWLs met the guidelines. The concentration of volatile fatty acids, therefore, was analyzed to determine the relationship with volatile solid removal rate. The results showed that, in order to meet the Korean guideline of 65% volatile solid removal rate, volatile fatty acid concentrations should remain below 4,000 mg/L on the field anaerobic digestion facilities treating FWL. Volatile fatty acid concentrations should be used along with others as an operational parameter to control and manage the anaerobic digestion process.


Explains the principles of writing an effective resume, and shows examples of cover letters and both well-written and poorly written resumes.


Summary:We report a case in which vocal and motor tics (Tourettism) developed after the administration of clomipramine hydrochloride in a young patient with obsessive compulsive disorder and schizoid personality disorder. Several hypotheses for this occurrence are proposed based on the suggested pathogenesis of Tourette syndrome.


Discusses the mining and preparation of Cypriot massive sulfide ores by ancient technology preliminary to copper smelting: the details of the smelting have been interpreted from slag and field studies. Field evidence garnered from the study of ancient mining sites supports the fact that copper sulfide ores from secondary enrichment zones were mined on Cyprus along with silver-gold-rich oxidized ores. The contradiction of data between current metallurgical concepts and field observations is examined. The extant archaeological field evidence is used to interpret numerous writings on Cypriot metal technologies, including writers dating from antiquity through the current century. -- AATA


In recent years a number of European countries have witnessed the breakdown of the centralised framework of industrial relations established in the early post‐war years giving way to a more decentralised system which allowed more room to shop floor movements. The outbreak of the strikes of May and June 1968 in France, and more particularly of the wildcat strikes of 1969 and the early 1970s in West Germany, France, Great Britain, and Italy, marked a shift in union power towards the shop floor.


Thomson's experiment resolved the controversy concerning the corpuscular or wave nature of cathode rays, while Millikan's experiment resolved the controversy concerning the continuous or discrete nature of electrical phenomena.


A laboratory evaporator consisting of a 24 in. height by 14 in. diameter bell jar evacuated by a commercial cryopump and capable of reaching a pressure of 40 ntorr without bakeout, is described. Contamination is minimized by the use of a molecular sieve oil vapour trap in the roughing pump line. Important features of the design are modifications to the optical baffle supplied with the cryopump and the addition of a radiation shield. Following these changes the consumption of liquid helium was reduced from 16 cm3 h-1 to 13 cm3 h-1, while that of liquid nitrogen was reduced from 280 cm3 h-1 to 160 cm3 h-1. Operation for 24 hour periods without refilling with nitrogen is therefore feasible.


Abstract—Neovascularization of the atherosclerotic plaque is responsible for its weakening and consequently for the complications of vascular disease. Macrophages are a source of growth factors that can modulate angiogenesis. In this study, we analyzed the effect of oncostatin M (OSM) on angiogenesis, as it could be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. The effect of OSM was compared with those of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). On human dermal microvasculature endothelial cells (HMEC-1s), OSM (22.5 to 112.5 pmol/L) induced a dose-dependent increase in cell proliferation greater than that induced by the classic angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; 543 pmol/L) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; 1.1 nmol/L). LIF (19 to 475 pmol/L) induced only a 30% increase in cell proliferation, and IL-6 had no effect. Furthermore, in a modified Boyden-chamber model, OSM, LIF, and IL-6 were chemoattractant for HMEC-1s. In a tridimensional gel of fibrin, O...


We examine the evidence for climate-change impacts on groundwater levels provided by studies of the historical observational record, and future climate-change impact modelling. To date no evidence has been found for systematic changes in groundwater drought frequency or intensity in the UK, but some evidence of multi-annual to decadal coherence of groundwater levels and large-scale climate indices has been found, which should be considered when trying to identify any trends. We analyse trends in long groundwater level time-series monitored in seven observation boreholes in the Chalk aquifer, and identify statistically significant declines at four of these sites, but do not attempt to attribute these to a change in a stimulus. The evidence for the impacts of future climate change on UK groundwater recharge and levels is limited. The number of studies that have been undertaken is small and different approaches have been adopted to quantify impacts. Furthermore, these studies have generally focused on relatively small regions and reported local findings. Consequently, it has been difficult to compare them between locations. We undertake some additional analysis of the probabilistic outputs of the one recent impact study that has produced coherent multi-site projections of changes in groundwater levels. These results suggest reductions in annual and average summer levels, and increases in average winter levels, by the 2050s under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario, at most of the sites modelled, when expressed by the median of the ensemble of simulations. It is concluded, however, that local hydrogeological conditions can be an important control on the simulated response to a future climate projection.


Radiation shielding calculations are performed for the Fermilab Linac enclosure and gallery. The predicted dose rates around the access labyrinth at normal operation and a comparison to measured dose rates are presented. An accident scenario is considered as well.


Abstract Lipid organization and domain formation in phospholipid membranes has a large impact on a number of physical membrane properties such as membrane elasticity, lipid lateral diffusion, permeability, and binding properties for peptides and proteins. The mixing behavior of lipids can be deduced from the binary phase diagram, i.e. temperature versus mole fraction diagram, describing the temperature induced phase transition behavior of lipid mixtures. An easy way to obtain experimental data to construct a binary phase diagram is differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of aqueous dispersions of liposomes of lipid mixtures. The temperatures that correspond to points on the liquidus and solidus curves of the phase diagram are determined from the DSC thermograms, e.g. the experimental heat capacity curves. The main problem to solve is the correct determination of the onset and end of the melting curve for every single transition curve in a standardized manner, because of the lack of theoretically justified methods. To avoid this subjective procedure, we have developed a method for the simulation of heat capacity curves that are obtained by DSC. Our model uses a thermodynamic approach for the description of the miscibility of phospholipids, which is based on regular solution theory with an incorporation of a broadening function, taking into account the reduced cooperativity in mixed lipid bilayer systems. The output parameters of these simulations are nonideality parameters describing nonideal mixing in the gel and liquid crystalline phase, the temperature set describing the onset and end of melting, respectively, and a value for the cooperative unit size. These temperature data are then used for the construction and simulation of the phase diagrams. A four parameter model was used, taking into account the asymmetry of the mixing behavior, yielding two nonideality parameters for each phase. These nonideality parameters describe the interaction of both components in the single phase regions. We have employed this procedure to describe the mixing behavior of various binary phospholipid systems. We will show how the mixing behavior is influenced by changing the hydrocarbon chain length of one of the component, by changing the lipid-lipid head group interaction, or the pH and ionic strength of the dispersion. Examples of binary lipid mixtures in which domain formation in the liquid crystalline phase is observed, are presented.


Figure of speech or Figurative language, which is usually used in poem, prose, song lyrics and other literary works is interesting because it has implied meaning behind the words. The researcher chooses this topic because it is very unique and tricky to know the meaning not only literally, but also non-literally. This research has two aims, they are to find out the figure of speech found in English Children Song Lyrics and to find out the most dominant the figure of speech found in English Children Song Lyrics. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. In this research, the descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze figures of speech in English Children Song Lyrics. The sources of data in this research were taken from the lyrics of English Children songs. The results of this research are from the 10 English children song lyrics, there are 23 figures of speech which are found in the English children song lyrics.  The figures of speech that are found are similes (3 data), metaphors (4 data), personification (9 data), symbols (2 data), and hyperbole (5 data). The most dominant figure of speech found in the English Children Song Lyrics is personification.


We investigated global gene expression in maize ears at several time points after fungal infection. In the first part of the work, resistant and susceptible genotypes were tested in kernels sampled 48 h after infection with a wild type strain of F. verticillioides. About 800 differentially expressed sequences were identified and nearly 10% assigned to the category cell rescue, defense and virulence. In the resistant genotype, defense-related genes provided basic defense against the fungus, while in the susceptible genotype defense genes responded specifically to pathogen infection. In the second part of the work the expression analysis was extended to early and late phases of infection with a wild type and a mutant strains of F. verticillioides. Kernels were sampled in the area around the point of infection. Most of genes were differentially regulated 48 h after infection with both fungal strains. The wild type strain was able to activate host defense genes before the mutant strain. In the third part of the work, ten resistant and susceptible lines were infected by different fungal species. All genotypes were able to induce the expression of defense genes upon infection, but the resistant lines showed a basal defense response.


There is great interest in using microscale and nanoscale ingredients as fillers to create composites with enhanced physical properties. To further explore the improvement these fillers offer, a combination of both micro and nano ingredients was used to make a multi-scale polymer composite. Therefore we have engaged in an investigation to see how the physics of mixing these ingredients affects microstructural evolution of the extruded composites, as well as the associated thermal and mechanical properties. This data can then be used to develop fundamental processing-structure-property models of these multi-scale composites across different concentrations of microscale and nanoscale ingredients in order to optimize their development.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


Numerous researches have shown that the high school pupils, whose adolescence is coming to an end, are in a very delicate choice situation. The peculiarity of their personal status enables the environment to exert influence on them and if possible to model their attitudes towards personal interests, thus, in a way, guiding them. That is why, each research into this population which aims to further their development and model a better quality future, is welcome in any form, and that is why that population is the topic of this paper. Taking into consideration that in the contemporary world, there is a general tendency to increase the level of education and emphasize the importance of professionalism in all walks of life, and on the other hand, there is a tendency to amplify the construction of different facilities, the issue tackled in this paper is how to define the relation between the education-professional status and sports buildings in the grammar high school students population in order to recognize the dynamic relations of those variables so as to possibly offer some conclusions and consequently adequate suggestions and upbringing-education guidelines. To resolve the issue, we used a sample of 400 pupils from the first to the fourth grade of the grammar school, described with 8 variables describing the education and professional status and 3 variables describing the sports facilities. The data were collected via a survey (author: Danijela Bonancin). After the normalization, a classic canonical correlational analysis was performed so as to establish linear combinations between the two sets of variables. The results obtained indicate the existence of two out of the possible three canonical factors, that is, two ways of linking the sets whereby one of them is somewhat more prominent. The results show an obvious existence of conservatism, social egoism, perhaps even selfishness among the existing population. Since some other researches showed that girls of the same age and from the same area were inclined to learning and changing, and being aware of that, they have a more positive opinion, the results of this paper can be explained to some extent by the mode of thinking prevailing in the surveyed community where maybe the sons – the heirs are placed on the pedestal and perhaps glorified a bit too much. It is likely that male children are led by the system towards the goal without inciting them to fight for it on their own. That is why they do not want change, they do not want to study, and as a consequence of that, they want it all for themselves.


Observations of water elevation in the short and small tidal junctions of the Ota River, Japan, showed an increase in tidal nonlinearity at the apex of the junction. To quantitatively estimate the increase in nonlinearity, the barotropic hydrodynamic model was applied in an idealized junction domain, inspired by the Ota River Estuary junction. Even though the model was simplified, it successfully reproduced the increase in nonlinearity at the junction apex. A sensitivity analysis of tidal nonlinearity to the width of the upstream channel at the junction was performed by varying the upstream channel width from the same width as the branch channel width to three times the branch channel width. The relationship between the upstream channel width at the apex and tidal nonlinearity was not linear. Tidal nonlinearity was maximized when the apex width was twice the branch channel width. The convergence of the tides in the small width junction induced an increase of some positions of quarter-diurnal tidal constituent that raised the tidal nonlinearity. In the case of a wider channel, the flushing from river runoff dampen the tidal constituents, making it decrease tidal nonlinearity


Single-cells coated with functional shells to protect them from external harsh condition have great potential applications in many fields such as tissue engineering, cell-based devices, cell biology, and so on. Herein, copper metal organic polyhedron (Cu-MOP) hydrogel has been applied as a soft shell for cell protection under both physical and chemical stimulations. Compared with a previous strategy, this MOP-Gel shell not only possesses more satisfied protection effect but also could be prepared and removed facilely without any damage to the encapsulated cells.


Prolactin (LTH) and growth hormone (GH) containing cells in A. guldenstaedti have been localized by means of anti-ovine prolactin and anti-bovine growth hormone respectively, coupled indirectly to peroxidase, and localized histochemically with hydrogen peroxide as substrate and 3,3′-diaminobenzidine as capturing agent.

The distribution of the anti-prolactin positive cells has been demonstrated and correlated histologically with the acidophilic cells both in the rostral and proximal pars distalis. This cell type is elongated and arranged in follicles in the rostral pars distalis; in the proximal pars distalis they are smaller and oval, without any special orientation.

Neither of the other cell types which are scattered among these acidophils contain prolactin.

The anti-bovine growth hormone positive cells are evenly distributed in the proximal pars distalis above the hypophysial cleft, and some are also found in the pars intermedia. The anti-GH positive cells have been correlated histologically with the amphiphilic cells in the proximal pars distalis. These cells are arranged in cell cords in close contact with the secondary capillary plexus, near its origin from the primary capillary plexus covering the median eminence.


Kiss1 gene encodes Kisspeptins, an intercellular signal peptide whose corresponding receptor is Kiss1R. The initial study found that the Kiss1/Kiss1R system has the effect on inhibiting tumor metastasis. More and more evidence suggests that it can act on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal(HPG) axis and is the key to puberty initiation and progression. It plays an important role in the neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction. In this paper, we reviewed the studies on Kiss1/Kiss1R system, its intracellular signal transduction pathway, role on HPG axis, and clinical application. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2017, 33: 1001-1006)

Key words:
Kiss1; Kiss1 receptors; Kisspeptin; Reproduction; Puberty


Apart from the introduction, which is about Frans Kruseman Aretz, we present a number of priority queue implementations, all in terms of heaps.


Linguistic, historical, and geographical conditions suggest that a homogeneous communities settled in Eurasian and spoke to Proto-Indo-European language who began to expand around 4000 BCE. Mallory and some scholars believe that the Indo-Europeans homeland was in the arid steppe of the Pont-Caspian region. Having migrated the Indo-Iranian groups, they probably occupied somewhere in central Asia (a geographical parallel to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) from where some Iranians migrated to the Iran's plateau, while the Indo-Aryans migrated to the subcontinent. Grandson is one of the most controversial words in the Indo-European languages. This word is attested in most of Indo-European languages such as Celtic, Germanic, Italic, Baltic, Slavic, Albanian, Greek, and Indo-Iranian. In the Proto-Indo-European languages *h2nep-ōt uses for 'male descendant' and h2nep-t-ih1/2 for 'female descendant'. Buck believes that PIE *nepot probably consists of a compound of negative 'ne', and a form of stem, which is seen in Sanskrit pati-, Latin potis 'able', etc., and literally means 'powerless'. Paul Horn quotes from Leumann about PIE nēpōt which means 'orphan', and Nourai regards nebh= 'damp, humidity' as a root, but Helmut Rix doesn't think of nebh as the root of 'nava'. In the Old Indian napāt means 'grandson, son, descendant', which changes into napāt-am in the accusative case and napāt-ah in the plural subjective case. In the Old Indian, apam napāt compares with apąm napa in Avesta, which denotes 'son of waters'. naptr is the strong (vrdhi) stem of napāt in the Old Indian, which originates from the rainy cloud . Napāt in the Old Avesta, and naptar, nafǝδar in the Young Avesta means 'grandson and sisters' son'. This word seems to use with the apąm to mean "grandson of waters" and originates from mountain, and naptya denotes 'descendant'. Darius the Great applied napāt to describe his pedigree in Bihstun Inscription. Horn regards napāt as Old Iranian word for nava in the New Persian, which has evolved into nevi in Kurdish, and nwasia in Baluchi of the Iranian's dialects. The 'nava' or grandson is transcribed 'nab' into the Middle Persian, which originates in *napak of the Pahlavi Language. The noun structure in the Sumerian language is based on nominal chains which include primary nouns such as dumu 'son', 'child', and a number of verbal roots employing as noun like ti 'lie', buru 'hole'. The employing of primary nouns was relatively limited, and the Sumerian language, instead, applied a large number of nominal compounds. in the Sumerian language 'dumu' stands for "son", and 'dumu-ka' for "grandson", which Sumerian kings used it for their communications . A Sumerian king, Gudae C. 2141- 2122 B.C, who ruled over Lagash city and was a patron of the arts and as the builder of a new temple at Girsu. Sumerian texts in Gudae times indicate "grandson or dumu-ka". Nouns in the Akkadian language are declined in the three cases of singular: Nominative (stem-um), Genitive (stem-im), Accusative (stem-am), (dual: nom-?n, gen,acc -in; and plural: nom-?, gen, acc, -?) or the three status of rectus status, constructus status, and absolutus rectus. In the Old Akkadian languages, the words of dumu-ka, DUMU DUMU, TUR TUR, ablu abli, bin bini, and liblibi use for 'grandson' and we will describe them in the Akkadian lingual branches which all of them except dumu-ka take the reduplicated forms. There are some reduplicated words in the Old and Middle Akkadian language, and some words and prefixes use for the family members in the Kassite period such as mār= son; marat= daughter; TUR or Mar=son; TUR-SAL or Marat=daughter; TUR-TUR=grandson; KAL =adult; KAL-TUR-TUR=adult grandson. Nouns have the three numbers of singular, dual and plural , and the three declinable case of the nominative, ending in –u; the genitive, ending in –i; and the accusative, ending in –a. among the survived texts of the Assyrian language we have a few words which applied for 'grandson' such as DUMU DUMU, TUR TUR, ablu abli, bin bini, liblibi. just like noun structure in the Assyrian language, nouns are declined in the three number of singular, plural and dual; and three cases of nominative, accusative and genitive, and compounds and reduplicated words coincide with those of the Assyrian language. In the Young Babylonian period we see the same of structure and reduplicated stem with genitive case such as ban bani 'grandson', lib-lib-bi, mār māri and other reduplicated word. Nouns in the Aramaic language may be divided into two groups: 1-nouns with the Aramaic origin and loanwords adapted to Aramaic morphology 2- loanwords which have not been adapted to Aramaic morphology. The former groups with original Aramaic stock end for the most part in either (–a) or (–ta). The latter groups of loanwords are adapted to Aramaic morphology and they adopted this nominal inflection through the suffixing of the ending (–a) or, in a few cases, (-ta). In the Aramaic language and its sub-branches bar applies for "son, grandson", and bar bar in the same meaning. In addition, ben bane means a "son" which in the widest sense including "grandson" Keywords: "Grandchild"; "son"; "Me


The obvious tendency of modern artists to change the concept of painting is to pay more and more attention to personal feelings and spiritual expression. In modern oil paintings, there are more and more oil paintings that convey emotions and the emotional expression methods of the colors of the works are becoming more and more abundant. This article aims to study the application of multimedia visual communication in the texture and color matching of oil painting creation materials and to put forward the viewpoint of applying more multimedia visual communication to oil painting creation. This article first gives a detailed introduction to oil painting creation materials and their texture, oil painting color matching, and so on. In addition, experiments were conducted on the application of multimedia visual communication in the texture and color matching of oil painting creation materials. The experimental results show that the texture and color matching of oil painting creation materials based on multimedia visual communication are more popular with the public, and oil painters are also satisfied with this method. And, the expressiveness of oil painting texture has been improved by 10%. This shows that the texture and color matching scheme of the oil painting material in this study is effective.


Future progress of x-ray lasers call for specific facilities intended to x-ray laser studies and development of a large variety of x-ray laser applications. This paper presents LASERIX, a future x-ray laser facility under construction for optimization of transient collisional excitation x-ray lasers, study of new x-ray laser schemes, and development of applications.


This paper presents a novel high-speed binary CSD (BCSD) multiplier which takes advantage of the benefits coming from the canonic signed digit (CSD) number system, while overcoming the inherent overhead due to the CSD ternary representation. BCSD is a binary number system which allows representing any CSD number using the same word -length used by the two's complement representation. Thus, multipliers which make use of the BCSD technique exhibit a considerable advantage especially when the multiplicand belongs to a set of coefficients stored in a memory in its BCSD notation, requiring in this case nothing but the BCSD decoding scheme which maps the BCSD number back into its CSD representation without introducing any substantial overhead.


In Niger, the Arewa region, like many other Sahelian regions, suffered from the catastrophic droughts in 1973 and 1983-1984, and is currently severely affected by a famine that is raging in the center and east of the country. In addition, the doubling of the population over the last 25 years has led to a significant increase in the area of cultivated land, the result of which has been the saturation of arable land and the reduction in plant cover. This has had a knock-on effect on other parts of the ecosystem, and has notably led to a worsening of erosion and to major disturbances in the local hydrological system. In response to the ecological and land crisis, the farmers of the Arewa valley have modified their production systems, increasing the amount of livestock they raise and growing more onions and fruit. These speculative strategies always have social consequences.


The present manuscript aims to propose a mathematical interpretation of emointelligence equation applied to Eukaryote and Prokaryote in the different cases of COVID-19 by i) thinking out of the box and ii) by introducing key notions at the level of neurosciences, physiology, mathematical and physical fields. Further motivations come from the failure of methodologies or theory able to understand Prokaryote-Eukaryote interactions and their implication in health and disease context. Previous research points the existence of interactions in living organisms, particularly between Animal or Human cells and viruses, bacteria (Pitkanen, 2003). Quantum biology and quantum medicine refers to a few number of Prokaryote-Eukaryote theories. Nowadays, we can consider a concept of a"quantum information: QI" 'governing the work and mechanism of living system based on emointelligence equation between Eukaryotes (Human and Animal) and Prokaryotes (bacteria, parasites, virus like SARS-COV-2, etc) (Abdelmelek et al, 2018; Abdelmelek et al, 2019). One might envisage natural quantum mechanisms that link nature, plant, Animal, Human, and universe as previously described by our concept named One Nature One Emotion One Health where atoms and especially emotions are rearranged by entanglement mechanisms (Abdelmelek et al, 2019a, 2019b). Health could be understood as living systems coherence or harmony (Kaplan, 2001) especially the ratio Eukaryote/Prokaryote.The debate has now shifted from the question of whether quantum coherence and tunneling are involved in Prokaryote-Eukaryote mechanisms to the role played by entanglement in harmony or health.


Production of carbon products is characterized by considerable resource and energy consumption, so it is important to improve the efficiency of this production through the introduction of optimal modes of its component processes. A simplified mathematical model of carbon products formation is developed and studied. It is differed from the known models by the almost zero time to calculate it. Developed simplified mathematical model provides an opportunity to increase the research effectiveness of temperature conditions of carbon products formation by reducing the time for research and determine the temperature at any point in the process. Accuracy research of simplified models was conducted by comparing the temperature values calculated according to these models with temperatures calculated according to the original complex model, which in this case is considered as experimental data. As a result, a simplified mathematical model can be used for the synthesis of process control system, as well as in the real time control system.


The disruptive nature of urban construction projects results in hazardous and complex environments, particularly when considering the management of external stakeholders. Therefore, this paper aims...


This paper discusses the methods and results of a study which investigated image quality issues associated with transferring flight formats of a transport cockpit from a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) to an Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display (AMLCD). Eight subject pilots performed a series of flying tasks in two simulator sessions: one with a commercial grade CRT and the other with a commercial grade, prototype LCD. Subjective assessments were obtained via questionnaires that addressed image quality and useability issues. The results showed that the display formats could be implemented on the test LCD hardware with no significant degradation in image quality or usability. Some considerations for optimizing formats for LCD implementations are discussed.


With the help of solidification kinetics, precipitation and growth of TiN have been studied theoretically and the effect of cooling rate on the growth of TiN has been discussed. Through induction electric furnace experiment and electroslag remelting experiment with different cooling rates, the distribution and particle size of TiN were investigated. It is proved that the higher cooling rate is, the smaller the final size of TiN is and the more TiN particles can be found in the steel. That TiN can restrain the growth of columar crystal and enhance the proportion of equiaxed crystals to refine solidification structure as the heterogeneous nucleation sites of 5-ferrite is confirmed preliminarily. A new method to reduce macrosegregation in continuous cast steel is provided.


Abstract : Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has authorized the production of nuclear weapons, requiring that the U.S. government both understand the nuclear weapons program and establish policy for nuclear weapons employment. Each of these presidents also has reiterated a desire to eliminate or reduce the role of nuclear weapons, only to confront the reality that as long as other countries possess them the United States must maintain a credible nuclear capability to deter adversaries and protect itself and its allies. Maintaining a credible nuclear deterrent is essential to U.S. national security. Any degradation of its nuclear enterprise will impact negatively on its nuclear deterrent capability; an even greater impact could result if deterrence fails. Therefore, the United States must maintain its focus on nuclear weapons and the supporting infrastructure through modernization of the entire nuclear security enterprise (the enterprise), even while it pursues a world without nuclear weapons. To understand the current and future status of the nuclear enterprise, one must first consider its role in history and that of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA).


Designing cost-efficient, secure network protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a challenging problem because sensors are resource-limited wireless devices. Security services such as authentication and improved pairwise key establishment are critical to high efficient networks with sensor nodes. For sensor nodes to correspond securely with each other efficiently, usage of cryptographic techniques is necessary. In this paper, two key predistribution schemes that enable a mobile sink to establish a secure data-communication link, on the fly, with any sensor nodes. The intermediate nodes along the path to the sink are able to verify the authenticity and integrity of the incoming packets using a predicted value of the key generated by the sender's essential power. The proposed schemes are based on the pairwise key with the mobile sink, our analytical results clearly show that our schemes perform better in terms of network resilience to node capture than existing schemes if used in wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks. Keywords— Wireless Sensor Networks, predistribution scheme, cryptographic techniques.


Based on the bending theory of beam with variable cross-section in mechanics of materials, the compliance equations of elliptical flexure hinge are deduced by introducing centrifugal angle as the integral variable. By defining an intermediate parameter in the equations, more concise compliance equations of elliptical flexure hinge are presented, thus avoiding time-consuming numerical integrals. When the minor axis and the major axis are equal, the hinge becomes a right-circular flexure hinge, and these compliance equations converge to equations for right-circular flexure hinge. A number of elliptical flexure hinges with different shapes are analyzed by using finite element software ANSYS. The results of the finite element analysis and the equation computation ones are in good agreement, which indicate that the compliance equations are correct.


This paper intends to investigate the "intangible capital aspect" of advertising as well as the long-lived effect of advertising. The paper starts with the definition of "intangible capital aspect" of advertising and the explanation why the present topic is worthwhile for the research. To offer a general research background, it also provides several important references concerned with the study. The research employs two regression models in which the first one focuses on the relationship between the market value and the advertising expenditure by using a sample firms from the 100 US Leading Advertisers during the period 2004 to 2006. Through the research findings, it is believed that the effect of advertising expenditure on the market value is positive and significant. The second regression model suggests that advertising could possibly bring long-lived effect on firms although there is lack of strong evidence to support the point.


Objective:To explore the effect of Qibai Pingfei capsule on COPD.Methods:55 acute COPD patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,the treatment group(n=28,given routine western medical treatment and Qibai Pingfei capsule) and the control group(n=27,received routine western medical treatment and placebo).Observe the change of SGRQ in both groups.Results:SGRQ score of control group and treatment group after treatment than before treatment marked improvement(P0.01).But the treatment group improved more significantly than the control group did(P0.01).Conclusion:Qibai Pingfei capsule can significantly decrease the SGRQ score of COPD patients.


The petrous pyramid of the temporal bone has long hidden the secrets of the facial nerve — so effectively that in considering this region, researchers have found it difficult to separate fact from fancy. During the first decades of this century, the most prolific writers about the age-old disease that is known as idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell's palsy) were neurologists; Waterman's1 article, published in 1909, remains a classic. Since 1932, when Ballance and Duel2 introduced surgical decompression of the facial nerve, otolaryngologists have largely dispossessed the neurologists of their therapeutic primacy with respect to this disease. Surgical treatment of Bell's . . .


Context: Post-dural headache puncture (PDPH) is a frequent consequence after lumbar puncture. PDPH usually has frontal/occipital, postural headaches that are worse while they are standing and better when they are resting. Symptoms associated with stiff neck, loss of hearing, tinnitus, photophobia and nausea. The prevalence of PDPH in pregnant women is greater. This research seeks to examine the latest update on the prevention of post-dural headache puncture for pregnant women in the caesarean section. Methods: The search in MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed and CINAHL Plus was conducted in the same periodical with the following mediacl terms: "post-dural; cramp; headache; caesarean section," encompassing articles 2000-2020, 2012; Articles other than English are excluded from the review. Results and findings: Headache treatment after accidental hard puncture varies. This diversity extends to the literature with various PDPHA definitions and epidural blood patch indications. More importantly, the absence of follow-up of the patients following accidental dural puncture was a survey addressed to members of the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology. Due to contradictory facts and views, a documented procedure is essential and all departmental members have to be followed.


We describe connected timelike codim-2 extremal surfaces stretching between the future and the past boundaries in the static patch coordinatization of de Sitter space. These are analogous to rotated versions of certain surfaces in the AdS black hole. The existence of these surfaces via the [Formula: see text] framework suggests the speculation that [Formula: see text] is dual to two copies of ghost-like CFTs in a thermofield-double-type entangled state. In studies of entanglement in ghost systems and "ghost-spin" chains, we show that similar entangled states in two copies of ghost-spin ensembles always have positive norm and positive entanglement.


Article History Received: 03.07.2018 Accepted: 13.07.2018 Published: 30.07.2018 Abstract: In this modern era, people living in scientific world. They enjoy their life through modern scientific inventions. On the other hand, we can't ignore the dark side like everybody becomes victim of depression, in which poverty is one of the major causes of depression. Depression may lead to psychiatric disorders among people. This was an observational cross sectional study and data was collected from the rural area. Women are diagnosed with depression more frequently than men. The finding of the result revel that poverty lead to depression which affect the mental level. The government of Pakistan should be provided more and more opportunities for the job so that to bycot the poverty.


The electronic and magnetic properties of Ga1-xCrxP Dilute Magnetic Semiconductor (DMS) compound at doping concentration, x = 0.125 has been calculated using full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method. The exchange and correlation (XC) effects are taken into account by a semi local, orbital independent modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) potential as coupled with Local Density Approximation (LDA). Our calculation shows that Cr induces the ferromagnetism in this compound and there is large half metallic (HM) gap appearing in the minority spin channel. We observed that mBJLDA potential enhances the HM gap by ~ 0.25 eV as compared to from its value in Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA). The improved HM gap can be understood in terms of the mBJLDA-enhanced spin exchange splitting.