The fundamental SAR hypothesis is thoughtfully basic yet when one investigates the inward workings of the SAR processor it shows up entirely convoluted. The most troublesome part of the issue is identified with the coupling between the azimuthal pressure and the orbital parameters. In the days of yore when the satellite circles were not known precisely, one would utilize strategies, for example, mess bolt and self-adjust to get the orbital parameters from the information to recognize speed. This is no more drawn out important with the high exactness circles accessible today. A standard handling arrangement takes after where the initial two stages are done installed the satellite while the rest of the 4 stages are finished by the client with an advanced SAR processor.


Abstract S100A4 has recently been identified as an adipokine that can serve as a marker of "pernicious" subcutaneous adipose tissue (Arner et al, Int J Ob 2018). However, S100A4 can also be released by an inflammatory subset of macrophages in the liver (Osterreicher et al, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011). Development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescent girls is often driven by an early excess of fat in subcutaneous adipose tissue, accompanied by an excess of fat in ectopic locations, notably in viscera and liver (Cree-Green et al, Obesity 2016; de Zegher et al, Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018). Adolescent PCOS phenotypes are normalized more by preferential reduction of hepato-visceral adiposity with a low-dose combination of spironolactone, pioglitazone and metformin (SPIOMET) than by treatment with an oral contraceptive (OC) (Ibanez et al, J Adolesc Health 2017). Nowadays, the assessment of hepato-visceral adiposity (by magnetic resonance imaging) is rather cumbersome. In an attempt to identify a circulating marker of hepato-visceral fat excess, we studied whether S100A4 concentrations are elevated in adolescent girls with PCOS and, if so, whether they tend to normalize with OC or SPIOMET treatment. In 12 healthy controls and in 51 adolescent girls with PCOS (by International Consortium Update criteria; Ibanez et al, Horm Res Pediatr 2017), we assessed circulating S100A4 along with endocrine markers (including fasting insulin, SHBG, testosterone [by LC-MS/MS], high-molecular-weight adiponectin), body composition (by dual X-ray absorptiometry), and abdominal fat partitioning (by magnetic resonance imaging). Girls with PCOS were randomized for treatment with an OC (n=27) or SPIOMET (n=24) for 1 year, and the changes in their study endpoints were analysed. S100A4 concentrations were on average 71% (or 2.1 Z-score) higher in girls with PCOS than in controls (P<0.001), and they associated with hepato-visceral adiposity (r=0.47; p=0.001). Treatment with OC failed to lower the elevated S100A4 concentrations, whereas treatment with SPIOMET lowered circulating S100A4 toward normal (P<0.001 for within-group changes, and P<0.01 for between-group changes); on-treatment reduction of circulating S100A4 associated closely with reduction of hepato-visceral adiposity (r=0.50; p<0.0001). If the present findings are corroborated in other study cohorts with PCOS, then S100A4 is a first candidate-member of a future set of circulating markers that may simplify the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with PCOS, and perhaps also of patients with other phenotypes of central obesity.


In the period of Global crisis, construction industry is one of sectors that have suffered the most. It is evident that new ideas, new approach in design of structures and the use of "green" construction materials together with environmental awareness will result with revival of construction market and economic recovery. Existing buildings are responsible for more than 40% of global energy use, i.e. in Croatia 83% of buildings consume from 150 to 200 kWh/m/a just for heating. It's obvious that future of civil engineering are, not only low-energy buildings, but whole low-energy cities. The construction sector consumes vast amount of natural resources and produces significant quantity of construction and demolition waste (CDW). A proper CDW use leads to efficient and effective use of natural resources and helps mitigate the environmental impacts to the Planet. The Waste Framework Directive requires Member States to take necessary measures to achieve a minimum target of 70% (by weight) of recycling CDW by 2020. The fact that in most European countries disappointingly small percentage of CDW is being reused, illustrates the possibility of expanding a construction market in Europe by reusing CDW for new ''green'' materials. Concrete, as one of the most used construction materials, can be used to produce energy and resource efficient products. Based on these facts, this paper represents one solution for the Period of Economic Recovery: ECO-SANDWICH an innovative ventilated prefabricated concrete wall panel with integrated Ecose mineral wool insulation. It allows very low energy design and retrofit of buildings, reuse and recycling of CDW (all in accordance with 6th and 7th Basic Requirement for Construction Works). It resulted from collaboration between academic community and construction industry and on principles of ''turnkey'' construction provides user a high quality, affordable, energy saving and aesthetically attractive concrete building.


X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic evaluation of the ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}(111)$ interface reveals that the valence-band offset differs by about 0.19 eV between two types of atomic structures that contain Si atoms in different intermediate-oxidation states. The difference in the valence-band offset is reproduced by a first-principles molecular orbital calculation for model clusters $({\mathrm{Si}}_{17}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}{\mathrm{H}}_{36}$ and ${\mathrm{Si}}_{17}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}{\mathrm{H}}_{36})$ of the two interface structures. It is concluded that the valence-band offset at the interface with more Si atoms in the 3+ oxidation state than in the 1+ oxidation state is larger than the valence-band offset at the interface with more Si atoms in the 1+ oxidation state. This is thought to be a result of the depolarization effect making the interface dipole smaller at the interface with more Si atoms in the 3+ oxidation state.


In recent years, the constant development of our economy is followed by serious environmental damages. In order to solve this problem, this paper studied the environmental pollution detection and put forward model based on SPSS and factor analysis. The factor analysis aims at concentrating information, reducing the index dimension, simplifying the index structure, avoiding multi-collinearity problem between variables under the premise of as little losses of main information as possible, which makes the analysis of the index system more simple and effective and analyzes in depth with SPSS algorithm model, and in some sense, it is more flexible and having more practical significances in problem solving and operation values. The simulation experiments show that comparing the actual value of the training samples goal with the predicted value is the relatively ideal forecast effect.


ABSTRACT Termites are wood pests that cause vast economic damage every year. They digest both cellulose and starch, but the enzymes for starch digestion have not been well characterized. We obtained complete amino acid sequence information on the KME1 α-amylase from Reticulitermes speratus KMT1 through analysis of total mRNA sequences. The KME1enzyme has two α-amylase domains and is 68% identical to the α-amylase from Blattellager manica, its closest rela-tive in the GenBank database. Some unique features of its conserved region and its distant evolutionary relationship toother insect α-amylases suggest that KME1 is a new type of α-amylase.Keywords : Termite, Reticulitermes speratus KMT1, α-amylase, Homologous search, Phylogenetic analysis 1. INTRODUCTION 1) Termites efficiently degrade woody cellulose through a symbiotic collaboration with gut mi-croorganisms, and they absorb the degradation products as nutrients (Nakashima et al., 2002; Watanabe et al., 1997; Zhou et al., 2007). In the first step of cellulose degradation, termites secrete an endo-β-1,4-glucanase from their sali-vary glands that enzymatically reduces the size of cellulose. Later, symbiotic microorganisms in the termite gut secrete cellobiohydrolase and β-glucosidase to convert cellulose into glucose (Cho et al., 2010; Nakashima et al., 2002). Since starch is an energy-storing material in biological systems, termites should be able to use it as food. It has been shown that Coptotermes for-mosanus can survive on starch or glucose as a sole nutrient as well as on cellulose, and it does this without the assistance of symbiotic protozoans (Kanai et al., 2008). However, only the sequence of a partial catalytic domain of the amylase gene from Coptotermes formosanus has so far been reported (GenBank Accession number: KC740998); no complete sequence is available. Amylases are classified into three groups, α- amylase (EC 220.127.116.11), β-amylase (EC 18.104.22.168), and γ-amylase (EC 126.96.36.199), depending on where they cleave the α(1 → 4) glucosidic linkage on


: Knobs are blocks of heterochromatin present on chromosomes of maize (Zea mays L.) and its relatives that have effects on the frequency of genetic recombination, as well as on chromosome behavior. Knob heterozygosity and instability in six maize inbred lines and one Z. diploperennis Iltis Doebley line were investigated using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique with knob-associated tandem repeats (180 bp and 350 bp (TR-1)) as probes. Signals of seven heterozygous knobs containing 180-bp repeats and of one heterozygous knob containing TR-1 were captured in chromosomes of all materials tested according to the results of FISH, which demonstrates that the 180-bp repeat is the main contributor to knob heterozygosity compared with the TR-1 element. In addition, one target cell with two TR-1 signals on one homolog of chromosome 2L, which was different from the normal cells in the maize inbred line GB57, was observed, suggesting knob duplication and an instability phenomenon in the maize genome.

(Managing editor: Wei WANG)


The acquisition of ownership of real estate in the European Union is regulated by national laws of the Member States. As one of the cornerstones of the EU legal system is the prohibition of discrimination based on the nationality, all national systems have to allow citizens of other EU Member States to acquire the ownership of real estate under the same conditions that apply to their own citizens. Nevertheless, there are certain exceptions to this rule that allow the Member States to exclude certain categories of real estate from being accessible to non-citizens, such as agricultural land, forests, secondary homes and excluded areas under special nature protection regimes. Moreover, many States have been granted the right to transitional restrictions for the acquisition of agricultural land upon their accession to the EU, lasting for several years, during which period non-citizens were prevented from acquiring the ownership of such property. After those grace periods have ended, many countries have introduced different new measures aiming at protecting their agricultural land from being taken over by foreign investors, only by different means. Such measures, even though they are not explicitly preventing non-citizens from the acquisition of the ownership, make it practically almost impossible for them to get it. Although the objectives behind all these practices of the Member States, such as prevention of the land-grabbing and land speculation, preserving agricultural communities and supporting the development of rural regions are quite justifiable, they still collide with basic market freedoms in the European Union. The paper will show the multitude of legal approaches to the acquisition of real estate by non-citizens throughout the European Union. It will show the development of national policies regarding the "restricted" categories of real estate – agricultural land, forest land and land under specific protection regimes – and these national legal norms will be put in perspective with the basic freedoms of the EU internal market. The aim of the paper will be to question the


Following activation with proliferative stimuli, including ligation of CD40, dense human tonsillar B cells ( > 98% cells in G 0 ) have increased cleavage and activation of caspase-8 and -6 accompanied by decreased caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Proliferation was blocked by either a broad specificity caspase inhibitor or inhibitors selective for caspase-6 or caspase-8. In contrast, an inhibitor selective for caspase-3 was without effect. Furthermore, induction of cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 mRNA and protein was blocked upon inhibition of caspase-6, but not caspase-3. Thus, caspase-6-like activity is required for quiescent B cells to increase the expression of genes required for entry into G 1 . In support of this model, the transcriptional suppressor special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1, a preferred caspase-6 substrate, was cleaved upon B cell stimulation. Caspase activity was not required for all signaling events, as caspase inhibitors did not affect the phosphorylation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase, the expression of the survival factor cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2, or the production of IL-6 by stimulated G 0 B cells. These findings suggest a mechanism by which caspase-6 may selectively allow entry of quiescent B cells into the cell cycle. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 6065–6072.


In this paper, the minimal state space realization of a fractional order transfer function is investigated in the sense of inner dimension both for commensurate and incommensurate cases. It is shown that while the traditional tools are applicable to check the minimality of a commensurate realization, there is no specific procedure to be certain about the minimality of incommensurate realizations. In this regard, the necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for a specific class of fractional order transfer functions by which one can verify the existence of minimal realizations with inner dimension 2. Furthermore, a transformation is introduced through which all these realizations can be transformed to each other.


The advent of 65 nm technology makes nickel silicide finally come into the picture due to its relatively low electrical resistance and less silicon consumption. To accurately control the nickel silicide thickness and obtain the low resistance mono-silicide (NiSi) phase, characterization of each sicilidation process step is very important. This paper applies analytical TEM to characterize the nickel silicidation process. Different imaging technologies are compared and the results show that Z-contrast STEM imaging is a very good technique for the identification of different compositional layers and imaging processing also plays a very important role for image quality improvement.


Ha Long Bay in North Vietnam is characterized by karst towers and bigger islands totalling more than 3000 isles. Karst processes carved hundreds of caves out of the limestone and contributed to the formation of many enclosed and semi-enclosed saltwater lakes. Here, we report the results of a general survey of several lakes and the first data on the Hang Du I lake, a small basin devoid of any apparent communication with the surrounding sea. Hang Du I is characterized by the presence of Rhizostomeae, genus Mastigias, suggesting strong similarities with the famous lakes described from the archipelago of Palau. Among the benthic organisms sponges are the most important group. Temperature and abundance of the monsoon rains are the main factors influencing remarkable seasonal variations in physical–chemical parameters and the community structure of the lake. A thermal crisis with water temperatures up to 36 °C was recorded in September 2003. In this period, usually abundant medusae and sea anemones totally disappeared. Sponge populations showed fast growth rates in winter and spring and a partial degeneration to face the harsh conditions of the summer season. When isolated from the surrounding marine environment, the saltwater lakes share the condition of oceanic islands, representing spots of habitats surrounded by a completely different environment. The Ha Long Bay marine lakes are not easy to access, being surrounded by tropical forest, but local people usually exploit them for both fishery and oyster harvesting. There is an urgent need to develop measures of protection for these endangered and unique environments, natural laboratories that facilitate the study of evolution of marine organisms, where biodiversity has been until now totally unexplored.


Land is a limited and unrecoverable resource of consumption, especially in the northern provinces, which is the main source of livelihood for most people. Guilan province has the second largest in the country with the production of 238 thousand hectares of rice fields. However, the Gilan rice fields are now facing problems such as: the existence of micro, scattered and non-geometric land, the lack of a network of inter-farm roads and the uncootability of agricultural units of each farmer, and ... increasing the cost of production at various stages (planting, Has taken and picked up) and many other problems. The research was divided into two parts: quantitative and qualitative; in order to justify the implementation of the land improvement and improvement program in the farms, the amount of energy consumed in the production of rice paddies in the pre-cultivation, planting, and harvesting stages of rice before the implementation of the design Equipping and rehabilitation of the land and then it was investigated. The results indicate a 9% reduction in total energy consumption after the implementation of the plan, which is effective in achieving the goal of optimizing energy consumption and thus reducing production costs. In the qualitative section, in order to investigate the effects of the project on equipping and rehabilitating landslides, the factors of the progress and depression of the project in the study area (west of Guilan province) were investigated. The statistical population of this study was 120 experts of Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Guilan province and agricultural observers with experience in field planning and renovation. After collecting the data, the opinions of these subjects were analyzed statistically. According to the results of this study, the removal of unnecessary borders, the creation of suitable agricultural roads, increased production efficiency, farmers' incomes and reduced water consumption were the most important factors contributing to the development of land improvement and modernization schemes. Also, untimely delivery of land, uncertainty about proper division, implementation of the plan at inappropriate time, lack of trust of the farmers, and the refusal of some owners and farmers were identified as the most important factors in the recession of the plan for equipping and rehabilitating land plots.
Keywords: Energy consumption, Rice, Progress, Recession, Land Reconstruction


Abstract Development of Android-based Mobile Learning Media with Ispring Suite in Electrical Motor Installation Subjects Class XI Department of Electrical Installation Engineering at Imelda Private Vocational School Medan, 2020. This study aims to find out the design of a media Development of Android-based Mobile Learning Media with Ispring Suite in Electrical Motor Installation Subjects Class XI Department of Electrical Installation Engineering at Imelda Private Vocational School Medan and test the feasibility of Android-based Mobile Learning learning media designed as a learning medium for students. This research was conducted on grade XI students of TITL SMK Swasta Imelda Medan in the 2019/2020 school year. This research was tested to lecturers and teachers. The procedure of developing Android-based learning media in the subjects of installing a simple building electric motor installation packaged in the form of interactive softcopy/CD software is carried out using the R&D method of ADDIE development design. As well as the media feasibility validation processAbstract must reflect the overall substance of the article content and be able to help readers determine its relevance to their interests and decide whether to read the document in its entirety, esearchers use the ADDlE method in research and development. The results of this study showed the validation of the poll of media experts with an average of 4.20 interpretations is very good and very worthy to be used as a medium of learning. Validation of material experts (content experts) with an average of 4.72 interpretations is very well used as a medium of learning. User validation with an average of 4.16 interpretations is very good and very worthy to be used as a learning medium. Key Words: Development, Learning Media, Electrical Motor Installation AbstrakPengembangan Media Pembelajaran Mobile Learning Berbasis Android dengan Ispring Suite pada Mata Pelajaran Instalasi Motor Listrik  Kelas XI Jurusan Teknik Instalasi Tenaga Listrik di SMK Swasta Imelda Medan, 2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rancangan sebuah media Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Mobile Learning Berbasis Android dengan Ispring Suite pada Mata Pelajaran Instalasi Motor Listrik  Kelas XI Jurusan Teknik Instalasi Tenaga Listrik di SMK Swasta Imelda Medan dan menguji kelayakan media pembelajaran Mobile Learning berbasis Android yang dirancang sebagai media pembelajaran bagi siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas XI TITL SMK Swasta Imelda Medan tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini diuji cobakan kepada Dosen dan Guru. Prosedur pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Android pada mata pelajaran memasang instalasi motor listrik bangunan sederhana yang dikemas dalam bentuk software softcopy/CD interaktif dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode R&D desain pengembangan ADDIE. Serta proses validasi kelayakan media, peneliti menggunakan metode ADDlE dalam penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan validasi angket ahli media dengan rata-rata 4,20 interpretasi sangat baik dan sangat layak digunakan sebagai media pemebelajaran. Validasi ahli materi (pakar konten) dengan rata-rata 4,72 interpretasi sangat baik digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran. Validasi user dengan rata-rata 4,16 interpretasi sangat baik dan sangat layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran. Kata Kunci: : Pengembangan, Media Pembelajaran, Instalasi Motor Listrik


In the presence of catalytic amounts of PtCl 2 and AgX (X = OTf or SbF b ), (Z)-6-trimethylsilyl-5-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-5-trimethylsilyl-4-penten-1-ol reacted smoothly with aldehydes to give 2,3-disubstituted tetrahydropyransand tetrahydrofurans, respectively, in good to high yields. The reaction mechanism involves the isomerization of the starting vinylsilanes to the corresponding allyl-silanes and subsequence Prins-type annulation with aldehydes.


Using maximum entropy power spectral estimation, the estimate of the frequency of a sinusoid in white noise has been shown to be very sensitive to the initial sinusoidal phase. This phase dependence can be significantly reduced by replacing the real data by its analytic form, reducing the sampling rate by two, and employing the power spectral estimate for complex data.


under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Global Journal of Management and Business Research: C Finance Volume 18 Issue 3 Version 1.0 Year 2018 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-4588 & Print ISSN: 0975-5853


The aim of the study was to determine the activity of dehydrogenases and urease in forest soil before and after the blowdown. The research was a continuation project which was carried out in 2007-2010. The research was carried out in the Przedbórz Forest Inspectorate. Statistically significant differences in enzyme activity were observed in the soil taken before and after the blowdown. The lowest differences in enzyme activity were detected on the BM22, LM 35 and BM36 plots. Our results show that trees and shrubs have an impact on the soil properties. The enzymatic activity of the soil in the humus horizons may be used in estimating change in the soil. According to many authors [5, 14], enzymatic activity is a sensitive indicator of the changes occurring in the soil. It reflects the microbiologic activity and is included in the circulation and transformation of nutrients [3, 8]. The aim of this paper is to compare the enzymatic activity of the forest soils characterized by different tropism before and after a blowdown. Terlikowski [13] – one of the pioneers of biology specialization in Polish soil science – stated that 'there is not a soil without the input of plants as a soil-forming factor'. Forest phytocenosis has a decisive impact on the course of soil formation processes and on the soil morphology, as well as their physical and chemical properties. The tree-stand has the ability to regulate the water relations in the soils and influences the phytoclimate and the soil climate. It plays the most important role in the accumulation of the forest litter and the overlaying humus on the soil surface. It is also responsible for the soil fauna and micro-flora [10]. P O L I S H J O U R N A L O F S O I L S C I E N C E VOL. XLIV/1 2011 PL ISSN 0079-2985


This paper is to study the effects of variables which influence
the behavior of reinforced concrete columns under uniaxial
compression. The main variables in this study are yield strength
of longitudinal steel, ratio of area longitudinal steel to the
area of cross section, distribution of longitudinal steel,
concrete cover. To investigate the effects of these variables,
nine reinforced concrete and two plain concrete specimens were
tested.
In the theoretical analysis, the calculation of gain in cocnrete
strength due to steel reinforcement was proposed and the ultimate
strength was determind. And these theoretical results were compared
with experimental results.


There is a big difference in the environmental performance evaluation of the Central and local governments. One of the important psychological factors that lead to the difference in the evaluation is the People's trust in the government. On the basis of fully considering the public trust psychology, this paper reviews the theory of the relationship between the trust of the government and the public's environmental performance evaluation, and from the subjective and objective aspects of the intermediary factors between them are sorted out, and then put forward relevant measures to improve the public on the government's environmental performance evaluation.


The effect of stubble mulch and mulch tillage (post harvest tillage with mulcher), and different plough types; no tillage (NT) as control moldboard (MB), chisel plough (CP), vertical disk (VD) and mulcher (MU) at two soil depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm), was investigated on some soil dynamic traits, liquidity index (LI), plasticity index (Pl), shrinkage (%) and soil penetration resistance (PR) against tillage equipments. The results revealed that mulch tillage have a significance adverse impact on liquidity index (LI), it was raised from (1.09 )for stubble mulch to (1.30) for mulch tillage in other words it disturbed soil consistency for preparing good tilth, moreover mulch tillage also increased (PI) but not to a significant level . Apart from this the mulch tillage enhanced significantly soil texture in terms of (PR) in favor of crop growth, it reduced from (1.5)Kg/cm2 for stubble mulch to (1.34) Kg/cm2for mulch tillage. All plough types increased liquidity index(LI), but (MB) plough gave the highest value, the reverse for penetration resistance( PR) as all plough reduced, meantime plough types have no significant impact on soil plasticity index( PI) and shrinkage(%).The results displayed that the soil depth affected positively to significant level on the (LI) and (PI), whereas it has no effect on the shrinkage %. Soil liquidity (LI) and plasticity (Pl) indexes were declined with soil depth, while shrinkage percentage did not affected by depth. The interaction of plough types with mulch plough also significantly influenced soil liquidity index (LI), the combination of (MB) and (VD) with mulch tillage gave the highest value of soil (LI) and (PI), meantime all plough types with mulch tillage or without mulch tillage reduced soil penetration resistance. Soil shrinkage %, did not influenced significantly by this interaction. Moldboard and (VD) plough at depth (0-15cm) recorded highest value for liquidity and plasticity indexes and shrinkage %. Whereas mulch tillage at ( 0-15cm) depth recorded the highest value for soil (LI) and (PI) and shrinkage percentage. The second order interaction was also significant, similarly (MB) and (VD) plough with mulch tillage at (0-15cm) resulted in higher values for liquidity and plasticity indexes, but not significant for shrinkage %.


The MT ferrule is a commercial part that has been adopted by the aerospace community. Extensive testing has shown that, in a single-mode application, the MT ferrule exhibits excellent performance. Interestingly, the military fiber optic connector (MIL-T-29504, MIL-C-38999) exhibits much worse optical performance than the commercial part. No industry standard exists on how to sum measured environmental losses to measure EOL insertion loss to create a worst case operating scenario. We have presented here several different methodologies for calculating EOL insertion loss based on summations of individual tests.


The Rician noise introduced into the diffusion weighted images (DWI) can bring serious impacts on tensor calculation and fiber tracking. To decrease the effects of the Rician noise, many anisotropic diffusion denoising methods have been presented. Among all these methods, the P&M filtering method is most popular. Although efficient in alleviating the effects of the noise, the classical P&M filter has shortcomings such as instability and ill-posedness. In this paper, a regularized anisotropic diffusion filter was presented and applied to restore the DWI. The presented filtering strategy displayed well posedness and good preservation of edges. To evaluate its efficiency in accounting for the Rician noise, the PSNR and MSSIM metrics were used for the first time. The results acquired from the synthetic and real data proved the better performance of the presented filters.


Perfusion imaging is an important diagnostic tool used mostly in oncology, neurology and cardiology, to assess the perfusion status of the tissue on a capillary level, e.g. assessment of angiogenesis, ischemic regions and inflammation. This contribution is a review of recent advances in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic-resonance and ultrasound imaging.


The method of contrast" is regarded as the comparatively old one in second language teaching, but it has its own unique using that can help students reach the better effect. Thus ,the article suggests that we shouldn' t completely throw it away.


Background: Standard fit as well as wide-fit footwear not currently being pertinent and comfortable for the obese adults. The biometric measurements of obese foot (such as foot length, foot width, heel girth, instep girth, waist girth, and ball girth,) significantly differ from healthy adults.
Aim: This study aims to develop a new shoe fitting for obese adults based on significant relationships among the relevant biometric parameters of the foot.
Method: These measurements of obese foot were determined using a Brannock device and measuring tape. All kinds of foot girth measurements were analyzed against scaling based on foot width or current fitting, BMI, foot length, heel girth, instep girth, waist girth and ball girth and compared these data with ANOVA.
Result: Results showed that responses of all kinds of girths against waist girth scaling provide best fitting prospects of obese adults than current standard fit as well as other parameters.
Conclusion: From the study and results, it can be concluded that shoe fitting based on waist girth can give more precise comfort and improve the ergonomic fitness of the product for obese users.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 45-53


Biophilia holds that as a species humans are innately drawn to nature and to living things. Mounting research confirms the many positive health benefits of contact with nature, and the need for daily (and hourly) contact with the natural environment in order to live happy, healthy, meaningful lives. A new vision of Biophilic Cities is put forward here: cities that are nature-abundant, that seek to protect and grow nature, and that foster deep connections with the natural world. This article describes the emergence of this global movement, the new and creative ways that cities are restoring, growing and connecting with nature, and the current status and trajectory of a new global Biophilic Cities Network, launched in 2013. There remain open questions, and significant challenges, to advancing the Biophilic Cities vision, but it also presents unusual opportunities to create healthier, livable cities and societies.


In this paper, a silicon-based high-integration frequency reconfigurable monopole is designed. This antenna is designed on silicon wafer, and all manufacturing steps are completely compatible with silicon process. This method can integrate silicon-based antenna into communication system easily. To further improve the antenna's integration, an optimized band stop filter is introduced into the antenna system to replace the conventional capacitor and inductor, and measurement results confirm the usefulness of this filter. Based on these results, the designed monopole achieved two frequency configurations at 3.23 GHz and 4.48 GHz, and other radiation parameters are also shown good results. key words: frequency reconfigurable monopole, high integration, band stop filter Classification: Microwave and millimeter wave devices, circuits, and hardware


Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drives require speed/position
information for the efficient performance of industrial applications.

A sensor-based method utilizes sensors for extracting this information which increases
weight, size, and cost of the drive system, whereas the sensorless method utilizes model-based estimators
which depend on motor parameters. Thus, the performance degrades due to the parameter
variations. Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS), a robust estimation technique has been
implemented for speed/position estimation.

In this paper, sensor-based and sensorless methods have been studied and the performance
has been compared in four operating environments of speed and torque values. The comparative
results of both methods have been shown in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.


Culture is reaffirmed by its members continuously mirroring automatically its content and its evidence of sense. The Theory of the real conflict between groups states a natural tendency to develop competition and rivalry between different groups to gain real (important) goods. If the exit of this conflict is a traumatic event and circumstances do not allow members of the affected group to work through their humiliation and the corresponding rage, mourn their losses, and turn their helplessness into mastery, then a sense of shared victimization occurs within the traumatized large group.The healing aspect of group work is the creation of a transitional space able to receive, tolerate, elaborate and restitute. This possibility can be constructed on the basis of symbolic transformation, resonance and of the dimension of a unique identity. The large group specifically stimulates in a specific way the deep level of collective experiences and identity, because it incubes the frame of conflicts and challenges in multi-cultural groups. Keys words: trauma, transculture, large group.


An analysis of suspended particulate matter, with an emphasis on the Hg chemical forms, is presented. Dust samples originating from an area highly affected by traffic pollution in the city of Prague (Czech Republic) were sampled over a period of three years from air-conditioner filters and fractioned by size. The samples were morphologically characterised by scanning electron microscopy. The main method used for the analysis of constituent mercury compounds was sequential extraction by leaching solutions in combination with thermal desorption. The total mercury content ranged from 0.37 mg kg−1 to 0.82 mg kg−1. It emerged that the mercury was distributed in a wide spectrum of forms, and various trends in the distribution of these forms among the different size classes were observed. The fraction leached by nitric acid (consisting of elemental and complex-bound mercury) was the main constituent of total mercury. The highest content of this fraction was observed in the finest particle size class. The heterogeneity of morphology of the material increased with the size fraction.


In this study, we analyzed teachers' recognitions of the necessity of mathematical descriptive tests and their practices in the elementary schools. We then suggested several examples of improved formats of the mathematical descriptive evaluation. For analyzing teachers' recognitions and practices of mathematical descriptive assessment, we surveyed 104 elementary school teachers in Seoul. We collected the test items from the schools and analyzed them to find how they are practiced in the schools. The results were as follows. First, most elementary school teachers are basically recognizing the direction and the purpose of mathematical descriptive assessment. Second, the ratio of the descriptive test items was very low compared with the teachers' recognition of necessity of including descriptive items in the tests. Third, the teachers usually made the descriptive items with their colleagues using textbooks, test manuals for teachers, and the references that the office of education provided. Fourth, to enhance teachers' understanding of descriptive assessment, systematic training programs for teachers about the descriptive assessment should be continued. Finally, the office of education and research institutes should provide various types of test items and more teacher training programs on descriptive assessments.


Field experiment was conducted in two successive year 2015-16 and 2016-17during Rabi crop seasons to test the efficacy of nine old and four new fungicides along with garlic extract as seed treatment and foliar spray in controlling the Alternaria blight disease. Among the tested fungicides and garlic extract, seed treatment combination of Apron (6gm/kg seed) with Difenoconazole (Score @ 0.1%) found highly effective in controlling Alternaria blight disease (less occurrence of disease) and infection rate (5.5% and 0.002) followed by Tebuconazole 50% +Trifloxystrobin 25% WG (Nativo) (12.07% and 0.017), Mancozeb (Indofil M-45 75% WP) (14.45% and 0.016) and Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% (Ridomil MZ @ 0.25%) 28.72% and 0.019).Among new fungicides, none of the fungicides were found effective against the disease but minimum disease severity and infection rate was found in Trifloxystrobin 50% WG (Compass) (34.51% and 0.021) followed by Kresosim methyl (Ergon 44.3% EC @ 0.1%) 36.61% and 0.013). Garlic bulb extracts (2%) was also found significantly higher than some old and new fungicides.


The Compilation of Justinian, monumental work of reformation and systematization of the roman right, contains a lot of fragments relating to the animals. The collection of those paragraphs, followed by their classification, allows to discover, into a legal work, the existence of a true animal dimension. The animal world in this way put together contains two types of animals : on the one hand, the servant animals, which are useful because they are closely brought to human activities ; on the other hand, the wild beasts, whose status is far more ambivalent. The analysis of the texts leads to two series of remarks. The space granted to the animals first reveals the roman utilitarist view about animal : the animal is an animated object which must, to be considered as an interesting thing, presents a real usefullness, even a real productivity. Furthermore, between the ancient period and the lower-empire, the animal status evolves in the same time and in the same way as the roman law itself. Actually, the animals benefit from the softenerness of the habits, their station improves appreciably.


Moisture diffusion of Chinese fir wood bunch in artificial plantation at the unsteady state and the influencing factors were studied at different steady temperatures.The results show that moisture diffusion coefficient grows with the rise of temperature and the increase of burch diameter duing the high temperature drying. The diffusion under the unsteady condition was discussed, which provides a scientific basis for rational drying of wood bunch.


This research is willing to suggest the direction for the effective execution of media facade in the point of view taking it as the emotional and psychological media according to the intention of the designers not physical level. Keywords— media facade; emotion; emotional words;


In lots of application to heat exchanger systems, closed two-phase thermosyphons are tited from a horizontal. If the tilt angle, especially, is less than 30°, the operational performances of thermosyphon are highly dependent on tilt angle. The present study was conducted to better understand such operational behaviors as mechanisms of phase change, and flow patterns inside a tilted thermosyphon. For experiment, an ethanol thermosyphon with a 35% of fill charge rate was designed and manufactured, using a copper tube with a diameter 19㎜ and a length 1500㎜. Through a series of test, the tilt angle was kept constant at each of 4 different values in the range 10~25deg. and the heat supply to the evaporator was stepwisely increased up to 30㎾/㎡. When a steady state was established to the thermosyphon for each step of thermal loads, the wall temperature distribution and vapor temperature at the condenser were measured. The wall temperature distributions demonstrated a formation of hot dry patch in the top end zone of the evaporator, with a values of temperature 20~40℃ higher than the wetted surface for a moderate heat flux q≒20㎾/㎡. Inspite of the presence of hot dry patch, however, the mean values of boilling heat transfer coefficient at the evaporator wall were still in a good agreement with those predicted by Rohsenow's formula, which was based on nucleate boiling. For the condenser, the wall temperatures were practically uniform, and the measured values of condensation heat transfer coefficient were 1.7 times higher than the predicted values obtained from Nusselt's film condensation theory on tilted plate. Using those two expressions, a correlation was formulated as a function of heat flux and tilt angle, to determine the total thermal resistance of a tilted thermosyphon. The correlation formula showed a good agreement with the experimental data within 20%.


In the 21st century, as it is important to produce a product with care for protecting the earth, a producer must be careful on conservation of energy, saving of resources and reducing waste which break environment down. However, in machining such as cutting, cutting fluids are used for improving of tool life and surface roughness, and this gives the earth and a worker large harm. Though cutting with oil mist or cold air cooling were used for the countermeasure, these aren't sufficient yet. Therefore, in this paper, turning with environment-friendly cooling method using water evaporation was investigated for the earth. At first, cooling effect of water evaporation was evaluated by easy experiment and FEM analysis. Then, its applicability to tool tip cooling was experimented and evaluated. Method of supplying water are two kinds ; one method is supply using an intravenous drip on the cloth which was bonded on the tool tip and another one is supply using an oil mist device only at the tool tip. It is concluded from the results that ; (1)Turning with environment-friendly cooling method using water evaporation was very effective. (2)In case of the turning using an intravenous drip, the tool life was 1.5 times of the dry cutting, and this method is a low cost and low environmental pollution. (3)In case of the turning using an oil mist device, the tool life was 2 times of the dry cutting.


AbstractCommunity-based organizations (CBOs) are critical to supporting homeless individuals during disasters. However, CBOs often have difficulty engaging in preparedness planning, and are often u...


The speed of the hard disk drive (HDD) plays a very important role in the computer performance. The HDD becomes a bottleneck in the further increase of working speed of a computer system. To increase the rotation speed of a spindle motor is a possible way to improve the working speed of HDD. This paper presents a new concept of a magnetic levitated HDD using a hybrid magnetic bearing based on force controlling. The principle of this magnetic levitated HDD is introduced and its structure is described. The design of structure parameters for the magnetic levitated HDD is also discussed.


The fractures occurred in the subsea pipelines in the operation of Chengdao Oil Field.The analysis of corrosion causes concluded that the environmental loads(such as effects of wind,wave,earthquake and suspension,etc),damage by external forces, marine operation and fatigue failure were the culprits of fracture failures.Provision of automatic monitoring,installation of pipeline pigging equipment,strengthened suspension treatment and upgrading of pipeline material can effectively prevent the pipeline failures.


Background/Aim: Although the 2015 World Health Organization Classification reported that histological grading may be helpful in lung cancer management, a widely accepted histological grading system with clearly defined criteria and demonstrable clinical significance has not been developed. We investigated the prognoses of patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to identify prognostic factors, especially histological grade. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 531 patients between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS) curve was plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) with endpoint of OS. Results: The 5-year OS rate in groups with histological grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3+4 groups was 95.8%, 85.7%, and 72.1%, respectively (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified histological grade and vascular invasion as independent predictors of OS [histological grade: HR=1.533, p=0.002]. Conclusion: Histological grade was an independent prognostic factor of patients resected for all stages of NSCLC.


The professional learning communities and communities of practice approaches in the arena of education appear to hold considerable promise for sustainable school improvement. These approaches flow from the assumption that teacher´s collaboration is central to transform a school into a learning organization. They also provide opportunities for teachers' professional development. The literature shows that schools are frequently called upon to improve by developing high levels of teacher collaboration. In this study we describe how the process of building a professional learning community took place in two urban public elementary schools located in Monterrey, Mexico in which seven teachers participated, from which three were novices and four experts. Through this study, we found that teachers visualized as possible the ability to generate a space where they could reflect and solve problems while they shared experiences from their teaching practices. This space of reflection also allowed them to create projects and develop a sense of community when they had more time available since the schools were usually involved in many projects.


Considering of the real question in the conventional Cerebllar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) neural network, a single input-single output CMAC (SISO CMAC) algorithm is studied in this paper. The direct weight address mapping techniques are used in the algorithm, and the relation between the inputs and the weights is established by taking the quantification of input x as their weight address, and the generalization capability of network is enhanced by input x normalized. The study of network uses random sample, so the network has characteristics of simple study and quick convergence and high accuracy of function approximation, etc, and implement in single chip microcomputer. In the end, it is showed the algorithm is validity by theory proved and simulation experiments.


The Act of Union in 1707 brought with it a new 'Great Britain'. How did the English bind the Scottish elites to the new British State, ensuring the stability of this new power in the face of possible Jacobite and international threat? From 1725 a patronage system existed in Britain enabling government ministries to use posts in the East India Company and its shipping to secure political majorities in Scotland and Westminster. Scots went to India as Company servants, ships' crews, soldiers and free-merchants, bringing back exceptional wealth to a land starved of money and providing for commercial and industrial advances throughout Great Britain. The importance of the system of patronage which enabled so many Scots to go to the East has not hitherto been recognised and cannot be overestimated. It bound the Scots with their English neighbours in business, political management and empire, with consequences going far beyond the eighteenth century.


Heterodyne holographic interferometry is employed to measure refractive-index distributions in transparent media. A system using a He-Ne laser and relatively modest electronic instrumentation is described. The system was used to measure temperature and specie-concentration distribution in natural convection boundary layers in air adjacent to heated surfaces through which a second gas is emitted or injected.


To overcome deficiencies of the sequential transportation planning approach, this research applies a Combined Trip Distribution and Assignment Model (CTDAM) for the simultaneous prediction. The proposed combined model can itself be reformulated as an Equivalent Minimization Problem (EMP). When applying the Evans algorithm to the EMP, the CTDAM is expected to be usable in a realistic application. The objective of this research is to compare the conventional sequential procedure and CTDAM by applying both models to a large urban transportation network for captive trip purposes. Several evaluation measures were utilized to compare the results and confirm that the proposed model can efficiently satisfy several convergence criterions. It became clear that the User Equilibrium (UE) assignment in the proposed model can be obtained relatively swifter than the Sequential Model (SM) and can be efficiently used in large transportation networks. Furthermore, the comparing results point out the performance of the CTDAM is significantly better than SM.


C.R. RESHMI Krishibhavan Kulukkallur, Pattambi, PALAKKAD (KERALA) INDIA ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to establish in vitro cultures from field grown plants of Heliconia. The most responsive explant was shoot tip. For surface sterilization of shoot tip explants, double sterilization with 0.10 per cent mercuric chloride for 10 minutes followed by dipping in 0.05 per cent mercuric chloride for 5 minutes after trimming, gave the best results. Media supplementation with 0.05 per cent activated charcoal resulted in earlier shoot initiation and better survival percentage. Among the different injury treatments tried, longitudinal cutting of the shoot tip with apical dome into two halves yielded the highest number of axillary buds. The Asian Journal of Horticulture, (June, 2010) Vol. 5 No. 1 : 76-79 Research Paper


Location-Based Services (LBS) that are combined with ubiquitous smartphones usher in a new form of information propagation: Location-Based Advertising (LBA). Modern technologies enable mobile devices to generate and update location information automatically, which facilitates marketers to launch various types of location-aware advertising and promotional services to users who are in the vicinity. This chapter conceptualizes location-aware mobile communication as the locative and mobile media with a McLuhan's notion of retrieve of "locality" in the "networked" space of information flows, and examines the current dilemma faced by LBA in China through a case study. It first defines location-aware mobile technologies and influences such media afford for location-aware advertising and information propagation. It then provides an overview of the development of LBS and LBA in China. A case study of the LBA app "SBK" further offers a detailed examination how new models of advertising are developed with the technical affordances of location awareness, sociability, and spatiality. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the constraints and potential of LBA in China.


A group of unmanned vehicles can provide essential support to human task forces in a variety of missions, like in search and rescue operations. A crucial factor for task coordination is to maintain a reliable connectivity among the autonomous platforms. Radio-frequency is the common technology adopted for unmanned systems to operate wirelessly. However, this technology has some limitations that can be mitigated by complementing it with optical wireless communications. In this paper, we propose the implementation of an optical wireless link between micro-scale unmanned systems: an aerial vehicle and a ground mobile robot. We describe a line-of-sight directed optical link between these platforms where the flying vehicle carries an optical transmitter while the mobile ground robot is equipped with an optical receiver. This light-based communication link requires to keep an adequate relative transmitter-receiver position to enhance the transmission rate. Therefore, we define a connectivity cone on top of the receiver such that if the transmitter stays inside of this cone a minimum bit rate can be guaranteed. Also, we propose a control algorithm for the aerial transmitter to get and stay within the connectivity cone. The performance of the control algorithm is demonstrated through numerical simulations.


T he National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) was originally devised in 1952 to bring order to the chaotic residency application process. It currently has 2 phases: The Match and the Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP). Applications are submitted through the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS). While this is a significantly superior system to its predecessor, it is not flawless. As both residency applicants and positions have become more competitive, the flaws of the current system are becoming increasingly problematic for all involved parties. Despite evidence that applying to a greater number of programs does not improve Match rates, applicants feel pressured to apply to more and more programs to avoid going unmatched. In 2018, each applicant submitted a mean of 90.6 applications (mean of 60.3 for US graduates and 136.4 for international graduates). Applicants feel forced to accept interviews at programs which they have minimal interest in attending, to the detriment of other genuinely interested students. This, in turn, pressures other applicants to do the same lest they be disadvantaged. Whipple et al confirmed this vicious cycle using their computer model for competitive residencies, where they found that applying to the maximum number of programs ''led to a poor result for the majority of students when all applicants undertook the strategy.'' As a result of this vicious cycle, residency programs are inundated with an average of 996 applications per program and have few reliable methods of identifying which of those applicants would seriously consider training there. Interviewing applicants who have no desire to attend that program is a costly endeavor. Gardner and colleagues found that, when accounting for both material and personnel costs, programs spent on average $18,648 6 $13,383 per open position and $1,221 6 $894 per interviewee. Applying so broadly is costly for applicants as well. Fogel et al found that 84% of applicants believed residency interviews were too expensive, with 64% of applicants spending at least $2,500, and those entering competitive fields spending considerably more. In a study of orthopedic surgery applicants, for example, interview costs averaged $7,119 (range $2,500–$15,000). These figures do not include the cost of the applications themselves or externships, making the total residency application cost significantly higher. It is clear that the current system is fraught with inefficiency and that all involved parties would be better served by a system where applicants only apply to the programs they would seriously consider attending.


NAC transcription factors are specific to plants and play an important role in a diverse set of developmental processes.Using RT-PCR and RACE technology with a pair of degenerate primer designed base on the sequence of the homologous gene from other plants,a cDNA of NAC gene was cloned from Bothriochloa ischaemum,named BiNAC.Sequence analysis showed that the full-length of cDNA sequence was 1549 bp including an 1125 bp open reading frame which encoded a 374-amino-acid polypeptide and had the typical characteristics of NAC family.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that NAC gene belonged to the ATAF subfamily,and the BiNAC gene of B.ischaemum was closely related to that of Sorghum bicolor with 94% homology.Real-time PCR results revealed that the expression of BiNAC was the most abundant in stem and the least in root.The expression level of BiNAC gene was increased in leaves with NaCl stress.Meanwhile,the plant expression plasmid pBI121-BiNAC-GUS was constructed successfully,which will lay a foundation for the functional analysis of BiNAC gene in the future.


Relationship between the advocate and the client is a set of interrelated rights and obligations, guarantees and responsibilities.Taking into account the current political trends in the state, it can be noted that one of the most common ways of reforming nationalinstitutions is studying their activity in foreign countries. Thus, in order to find ways to improve the relationship between the advocateand the client under the agreement on the provision of legal assistance, we propose to examine the peculiarities of these relations insuch foreign countries as England, Germany, France and Poland. To ensure the consistency of the study, we propose to use certain criteria,such as: legal regulation of relations, name of the contract on the basis of which legal assistance is provided, names that are usedto the parties of the contract, list of their rights and obligations, types of responsibilities and peculiarities of payment for the advocate'sactivity.The urgency of the selected issues is confirmed by the fact that some of its aspects were examined in the scientific writings ofsuch scientists and practitioners as: N. Bakayanova, A. Biryukova, T. Varfolomeeva, T. Vilchyk, S. Fursa, and others.Studying the foreign experience of relationship between the advocate and the client indicates that there are both common and distinctfeatures. The distinguishing features include such as: presence of several types of professions engaged in the advocate activity;compulsory professional insurance; possibility of settling a dispute between the advocate and the client outside the disciplinary proceedings;admissibility of using the success fee.The point of view on the impossibility of introducing compulsory professional insurance for national advocate in the current contextis justified. The idea about advocate`s file, which has recommended character, is examined.The definition of the concept of "trust between the lawyer and the client" is proposed as a result of the actions of the advocateand the client, which depends on the moral-psychological, personal and professional qualities of the advocate and the moral-psychologicaland personal qualities of the client, and finds a manifestation in the special psychological climate of the relationship which promotesthe quality of the order execution.


Practising self-regulated learning is essential in one's lifelong learning journey. As educators, we can assist our students to regulate their learning effectively, whether this is in an online learning environment or any other. However, many factors affect how well learners regulate their learning. Research reveals that self-regulated learning practices vary and warrant further exploration. This study specifically investigates how the guided practice of self-regulated learning behaviour affects learning in the online learning environment. To guide students in managing their learning more effectively, an automated self-regulated learning management system was developed. The system assists students in practising the cognitive, meta-cognitive and motivational aspects of self-regulated learning. 155 postgraduate students in two online healthcare-related courses were randomly selected to be involved in the study. Trace data from the self-regulated learning management system was used to triangulate the students' self-reports in relation to their self-regulated learning behaviours. Non-parametric statistical tests were used in the analysis. Findings indicate that the use of the self-regulated learning management system facilitated and aided students in practising more effective self-regulated learning behaviours thus impacting positively on learning motivation and metacognitive reflection. However, its effect is inconclusive in relation to academic performance. In summary, positive changes were made to their self-regulated learning behaviours and these subsequently improved their self-regulation and related outcomes.


The goal of studying corrosion process is to find means of minimizing corrosion or prevent it from occurring. The use of inhibitors is one of the most popular methods for corrosion protection. A protective film has been formed on the surface of mild steel in neutral aqueous environment using a synergistic mixture of an eco-friendly inhibitor viz., Vitamin B1 (Thiamine hydrochloride) along with Iminodi(methylphosphonic acid) (IDMPA) and Zn 2+ ions. The inhibitive effect of Vitamin B1, IDMPA and Zn 2+ ions has been investigated by gravimetric studies, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The investigations revealed that Thiamine acts as an excellent synergist in corrosion inhibition. Optimum concentrations of all the three components of the ternary formulation are established by gravimetric studies. Potentiodynamic polarization studies inferred that this mixture functions as a mixed inhibitor. EIS studies of the metal/solution interface indicated that the surface film is highly protective against the corrosion of mild steel. Surface characterization techniques (FTIR, SEM and AFM) are also used to ascertain the nature of the protective film. The mechanistic aspect of corrosion inhibition is proposed.


Eudistoma viride is a colonial ascidian belonging to the family polycitoridae and it is available in all over India. This study is designed to examine the invitro antioxidant activity of Eudistoma viride by DPPH method with different extracts. In DPPH system, the strongest radical scavenging activity was exhibited by the ethanolic extract of Eudistoma when compared to standard drug ascorbic acid. An increase in dose have significantly increased the absorbance of antioxidant activity. This result reveal that Eudistoma viride of ethanolic extract a promising antioxidant potential against free radical induced oxidative damage.


Late pregnant women were categorized, on the basis of a questionnaire, as 'suffering' or 'not suffering' from fear of childbirth. A wide range of negative life experiences, appearing in inconsistent combinations, were found to be associated with fear of childbirth. Negative experiences of childhood and of sexuality while growing up, together with a general proneness to anxiety, appeared to be significant background factors.


The study uses the concept of 'structures of feeling' to make sense of the data from semistructured interviews with 35 Polish migrant workers in the UK. To begin with, the article unpacks the values and ethics conveyed in interviewees' narratives and, drawing on a relevant literature, situates them within a transformation of Poland that can be best described with an adjective 'neoliberal'. It argues that it is through this ethic and, specifically, its relation to the actual experience of life in the place of departure and a place of destination that people come to develop contrasting structures of feeling in relation to the two countries. These structures of feeling are characterised by, first of all, dual-idealisations which is a term used to describe the interpretation of the former place in negative terms as not living up to the ideal of a modern, liberal political economy and a positive idealisation of the latter in this respect. Secondly, these structures of feeling are underlined with unacknowledged feelings of shame hanging above the stories of successful work and life abroad. The article also argues that these 'hidden injuries' influence migration decisions. Consequently, the study contributes to the literature on migration from CEE P ag e2 by showing how neoliberalism in this region may be intricately linked with migration in ways not envisaged by previous research.


This paper describes an approach for realizing a triplexer, based on integrated optics technology. This device combines the silica on silicon technology with hybrid integration. The filtering function is realized inside PLC using high Deltan (Deltan = 2.5%) waveguides. The photo-detectors, the laser diode and the trans impedance amplifier are hybrid integrated inside the component. Finally, plastic package guarantees the low cost and the compatibility with surface mount technology of the component.


The International Engineering Alliance lists 12 important graduate attributes that students must demonstrate during their higher educational career. One of these important graduate attributes is the ability to solve problems, which can be demonstrated by the use of project-based learning, case studies, and practical workshops. The purpose of this paper is to highlight student academic results of practical work done in an electrical engineering qualification that feature these three pedagogies. These three pedagogies are used in an open-distance learning environment to assess engineering students in an electrical engineering qualification involving three separate electronic communication modules. A time-lag study using a nonexperimental descriptive design is employed. Results show that the most frequent student grade for practical workshop assignments was 80%, while the most frequent student grade for case study assignments was 70%. However, the most frequent student grade for project-based learning assignments was 50%. The results show that distance learning engineering students languish under project-based learning, while they thrive in case studies and practical workshops. Possible reasons are given for this, based on the challenges faced by students engaging with these three pedagogies.


The city of Solo is a large city that has an area of about 44 km2 and still has problems with local agricultural food products. The agricultural products of the city of Solo have not been able to meet the needs of the people themselves, so they have to export from the surrounding area. The limitation of agricultural land in the city of Solo is one of the problems faced by the city of Solo. In addition, there are only small number of agricultural graduates working in agriculture. The plan to abolish agricultural land from the map of Solo City RTRW by the city government will also further obscure the fate of agriculture in the city of Solo. The government must immediately look for other solutions to develop the agricultural sector, there needs to be an idea of agricultural solutions. Solo Vertical Farm focuses on community education research centers and the provision of vertical planting land for food and vegetable crops that can be considered for cities with limited land problems. So the authors write basic program architecture planning and design (DP3A) with the aim of: 1) Designing concept Solo Vertical Farm 2) To create design of building that applying benchmarks Greenship New Building ver. 1.2. The method carried out in designing this concept is by collecting data, data processing methods and at the end of the formulation of a concept. Solo Veritcal Farm is a building supporting food independence that will help increase the yield of cleaner agricultural productivity, and will not be affected by the climate or bad weather. The design of this building stands for the measure of Greenship New Building ver. 1.2 with the planned points getting 29 points or around 28.9%


Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate artificial insemination techniques on reproductive performance in Ghezel ewes synchronized with CIDR during breeding season. Methods: All ewes were treated with controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) inserted into the vagina of the ewes for 14 days. All ewes were treated a single intramuscular (IM) dose of PMSG was injected. In this experiment 120 head ewes divided into four subgroups randomly and experimental groups consist of: control 1, ram mating, n=30; control 2, ram mating plus 550 IU PMSG, n=30; group 1, laparoscopical intrauterine insemination plus 550 IU PMSG, n= 30; group 2, cervical insemination plus 550 IU PMSG, n= 30. Results: In this experiment estrus responses were similar in all groups (control 1, 76.7%; control 2, 93%; group 1, 96%; group 2, 100%). There were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the treatment groups and the control groups for the estrus response. Pregnancy rates were 70%, 90.0%, 83.3% and 60% in control groups 1, 2 and AI groups 1, 2 respectively. Twinning rates (10% to 34.6%) and litter size (1.10 to 1.35) were significantly different in the treatment groups and the control group 1 (P<0.05). As a result, conception rate in the laparoscopical intrauterine insemination was higher than cervical insemination.


Hollow hyroxyapatite(HAP) submicrospheres were prepared by a W/O/W multiple emulsion method,HAP/chitosan hydrogels were developed by filling hollow HAP submicrospheres with chitosan/glycerol-phosphate(CS/GP) solutions,and chitosan hydrogels were also prepared.The composition and morphology of the products were analyzed by XRD,TEM,FT-IR and SEM,gel formation time,stability and compressive strength of the two hydrogels were measured.The results showed hollow HAP submicrospheres with diameter of approximately 300nm were obtained;the HAP/CS solution was neutralized to physiological pH and retained stable at room temperature while allowing gel formation upon heating 37℃.Both of the gels had open-cellular pore structure,and the gel 2 with increased porosity exhibited better compression performance than gel 1.The hollow HAP submicrospheres/CS injectable hydrogels have potential applications for the development of new tissue repairing materials.


Simple Summary Predicting the possible associations between drugs and miRNAs would provide new perspectives on miRNA therapeutics research and drug discovery. However, considering the time investment and expensive cost of wet experiments, there is an urgent need for a computational approach that would allow researchers to identify potential associations between drugs and miRNAs for further research. In this paper, we present a computational method in this field named MFIDMA for simplifying the screening process. We also collect high-quality datasets from the current database. We conduct experiments on the collected datasets to prove the excellent performance of the proposed model. The MFIDMA is intended to be useful for the prediction of associations between drugs and miRNAs, and to be effective for the development and research of miRNA-targeted drugs. Abstract Abnormal microRNA (miRNA) functions play significant roles in various pathological processes. Thus, predicting drug–miRNA associations (DMA) may hold great promise for identifying the potential targets of drugs. However, discovering the associations between drugs and miRNAs through wet experiments is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is significant to develop computational prediction methods to improve the efficiency of identifying DMA on a large scale. In this paper, a multiple features integration model (MFIDMA) is proposed to predict drug–miRNA association. Specifically, we first formulated known DMA as a bipartite graph and utilized structural deep network embedding (SDNE) to learn the topological features from the graph. Second, the Word2vec algorithm was utilized to construct the attribute features of the miRNAs and drugs. Third, two kinds of features were entered into the convolution neural network (CNN) and deep neural network (DNN) to integrate features and predict potential target miRNAs for the drugs. To evaluate the MFIDMA model, it was implemented on three different datasets under a five-fold cross-validation and achieved average AUCs of 0.9407, 0.9444 and 0.8919. In addition, the MFIDMA model showed reliable results in the case studies of Verapamil and hsa-let-7c-5p, confirming that the proposed model can also predict DMA in real-world situations. The model was effective in analyzing the neighbors and topological features of the drug–miRNA network by SDNE. The experimental results indicated that the MFIDMA is an accurate and robust model for predicting potential DMA, which is significant for miRNA therapeutics research and drug discovery.


To effectively manage the progress of the blast furnace, we need relevant information about the distribution of charge materials on furnace top. The most acceptable solution is a contactless multi-point probing of the cover surface by radar level gauges РДУ-Х2. Thus the radio signals reflected from the surface of the charge are subjected to spectral analysis, which provides a reliable estimate of the level of the cover in the twenty controlled points. Visual representation of the cover profile is implemented by specially designed software based on the controller from Allen Bradley. Radar sounding of charge cover profile on the top provides an assessment of change at each moment of time in accordance with the technological trends of blast furnace smelting. The possibility and efficiency of use for information support of ACS TP of blast furnace production of radar means to measure the level of charge materials has been proved. The practical value is in the improving of metallurgical processes observability through the creation of radar systems for automatic control of technological parameters.


With the development of Web technology, fast spread of internet and widely set-up of school Web information database, Web education and resource database has many disadvantages such as low intelligence, loose structure of knowledge and low sharing ability. This article, based on multimedia teaching resource database,discusses about the main functions of all respective parts as well as some key technologies for realizing these functions.


In patients with cerebral ischemia, both during hospitalization and in the community, the prevalence of major depression is evident. Since the depression has a negative impact on recovery, its timely diagnosis and treatment is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the oral administration of Chevilan extract (Ferulago angulata hydroalcoholic extract; 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on brain oxidative stress indices and depression after permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion or ischemia/hypoperfusion in male adult rats. A number of 35 rats were divided into a control group, an ischemic group and ischemic groups receiving doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of Chevilan extracts for 14 days by gavage. To make animal models of permanent cerebral hypo perfusion/ischemia, right common carotid artery was ligatured first and the left one ligatured with an interval of one week. To evaluate depression, immobility in the forced swimming time of each rat was measured and then the rat's brain tissues were extracted to separate hippocampus and measure malondialdehyde. The results showed that ischemia/hypoperfusion increased brain oxidants such as lipid per oxidation (LPO) and immobility. Also, ischemic rats treated with all three doses of the Chevilan show significant reduction in the concentration of MDA hippocampus and in immobility time at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 / 400mg, respectively. Increased swimming time was observed in all three groups of extract recipients. It was found that Chevilan extract with antioxidant effect can reduce the side effects of ischemia such as depression.


Quantum theory provides us with the best account of microscopic components of matter as well as of radiation. It was introduced in the twentieth century and has experienced a wide range of success. Although the theory's probabilistic predictions of final experimental outcomes is found to be correct with high precision, there is no general consensus regarding what is actually going on with a quantum system "en route", or rather the perceivable intermediate behavior of a quantum system, e.g., the particle's behavior in the double-slit experiment. Neutron interferometry using single silicon perfect crystals is established as a versatile tool to test fundamental phenomena in quantum mechanics, where an incident neutron beam is coherently split in two or three beam paths with macroscopic separation of several centimeters. Here, we present quantum optical experiments with these matter-wave interferometers, studying the effect of the quantum Cheshire Cat in some variants, the neutron's presence in the paths of the interferometer as well as the direct test of a commutation relation. To reduce disturbances induced by the measurement, the interaction strength is lessened and so-called weak interactions are exploited by employing pre- and post-selection procedures. All results of the experiments confirm the predictions of quantum theory; the observed behaviors of the neutron between the pre- and post-selection in space and time emphasize striking and counter-intuitive aspects of quantum theory.


In this paper, a new method, which synthesizes the technology of computer graphics (CG) and holographic integral photography, is proposed to realize the holographic display of virtual 3D scene in large size. In this method, elemental stereographic images of 3D scene are computed by a virtual holocoder instead of using pickup process. And then, the color of elemental stereographic images is separated by computer and three tricolor elemental image series are printed by high graphics printer. The printed image series can be integrated into the previous 3D scene with a lens array whose optic parameters match to the virtual holocoder. If the image series are illuminated by laser, the virtual 3D scene is reconstructed by coherent light, and then the reconstructed scene can be recorded by single wavelength color holographic technology in large size.


Abstract : The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of uncertainty experienced by men with prostate cancer who attended a support group and those who did not. The theoretical framework utilized Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Model. The model has been extensively tested in a variety of chronic illnesses including malignant neoplasms. Uncertainty was measured using the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale Community form (MUIS-C), a tool specifically designed for use in an outpatient setting. To measure uncertainty in prostate cancer patients attending a support group, the study surveyed a convenience sample of men from a prostate cancer support group sponsored by a large hospital in the Northeastern United States. To compose a control group the survey was also mailed to a random sample of men with prostate cancer provided by the Center for Prostate Disease Research. Eighty-nine surveys were completed: 20 men were members of a support group and 69 who were not. The data revealed that uncertainty was similar for the two groups, as their scores were nearly identical.


In this paper, a wavelet-based soil texture classification system is proposed for identifying soil with different textures. The wavelet transform is used for feature extraction. The wavelet is a systematic and powerful tool for signal and image analysis due to its multiresolution characteristic. The maximum likelihood (ML) classifier is designed using a set of training samples. The ML parameter estimation method has been shown to give out optimal results. During the process of training and classification, the Fisher's Linear Discrimination Analysis (FLDA) is incorporated for feature vector dimension reduction and optimization. Three different soil texture images, i.e., sand, silt, and clay are used for training and classification. Experimental results and discussion are presented.


In order to produce consistently the ductile iron slope wedges with better microstructure under the exiting workshop conditions,the problem of exploded graphite in the slope wedge can be solved through reducing carbon equivalent,changing inoculating method,and shorting pouring time after magnesium-spheroidized treatment,to insure the ADI slope wedges can be used safely in railway wagon vehicles.


Distributed photovoltaic (PV) projects must go through an interconnection study process before connecting to the distribution grid. These studies are intended to identify the likely impacts and mitigation alternatives. In the majority of the cases, system impacts can be ruled out or mitigation can be identified without an involved study, through a screening process or a simple supplemental review study. For some proposed projects, expensive and time-consuming interconnection studies are required. The challenges to performing the studies are twofold. First, every study scenario is potentially unique, as the studies are often highly specific to the amount of PV generation capacity that varies greatly from feeder to feeder and is often unevenly distributed along the same feeder. This can cause location-specific impacts and mitigations. The second challenge is the inherent variability in PV power output which can interact with feeder operation in complex ways, by affecting the operation of voltage regulation and protection devices. The typical simulation tools and methods in use today for distribution system planning are often not adequate to accurately assess these potential impacts. This report demonstrates how quasi-static time series (QSTS) simulation and high time-resolution data can be used to assess the potential impacts in a moremore » comprehensive manner. The QSTS simulations are applied to a set of sample feeders with high PV deployment to illustrate the usefulness of the approach. The report describes methods that can help determine how PV affects distribution system operations. The simulation results are focused on enhancing the understanding of the underlying technical issues. The examples also highlight the steps needed to perform QSTS simulation and describe the data needed to drive the simulations. The goal of this report is to make the methodology of time series power flow analysis readily accessible to utilities and others responsible for evaluating potential PV impacts.« less


Study of binary systems formed by cyanogen chloride and the tetrachlorides of carbon, silicon, germanium and tin.

The diagrams of binary mixtures of cyanogene chloride with the tetrachlorides of carbon, silicon, germanium and tin were studied. Only SnCl4 gives an addition compound: SnCl4 · 2ClCN. The existence of the complex was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and vapour pressure measurements. This complex gives SnCl4 · 2NOCl on treatment with nitrosyl chloride.


One of the main problems facing Kosovo today is youth unemployment. The main purpose of this paper is to study the role of active labor market policies in increasing youth employment. Work data has been collected from various sources. For the theoretical part, data are obtained from academic literature related to active labor market policies that apply in all other countries of the world, while for the practical part the data are obtained from performance reports of the Public Employment Service, Surveys of Power Workers, published by the Kosovo Agency of Statistics, as well as reports from other institutions that promote active labor market policies for the integration of young people into employment. The conclusion of the paper is that active labor market policies are the best mechanism for channeling and streamlining state intervention in the labor market with clear goals; Kosovo has created a few years of practice in implementing active labor market policies, but this practice should be strengthened to further develop.


Various of polylactide (PLA) and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (P(LA-co-CL)) polyols with different structures and molecular weight were synthesized by polymerization of lactide or/and caprolactone in the present of different chain transferring agents using SnOct_2 as catalyst. The structure and molecular weight(M_n) of the resulted polyols were characterized by FT-IR, ~1H-NMR and GPC. The M_n of PLA and P(LA-co-CL) polyols is very close to theoretical values and in a narrow distribution. Moreover, the polymerization rate of lactide is very fast in the present of chain transferring agents at 160 ℃, and the conversion of lactide is above 95% after 10 min and after that the M_n of PLA polyols keeps unchanged. The thermal properties of the resulted PLA and P(LA-co-CL) polyols were investigated by DSC and TGA. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of PLA polyols increases with increasing M_n; the introduction of caprolactone can decrease T_g effectively and enhance the thermal stability of PLA polyols.


experiments concerning the effects of food, temperature and salinity upon the population growth are discussed. Populations of Rotaliella heterocaryotica Grell have been found to eat dead flagellate cells (Chlamydomonas) and living diatoms (Nitzchia). Populations of Rotaliella sp. do not appear to utilize dead Chlamydomonas and will die unless living Nitzchia or its equivalent is provided. Temperatures of 14.5? C. result in a lower rate of growth for Rotaliella heterocaryotica and Rotaliella sp. than do room temperatures of 22.2? C. and 24.5? C. Data from salinity experiments on Rotaliella heterocaryotica suggest the following: There is no significant population growth at salinities less than approximately 250/oo; population growth occurs at salinities above 250/oo with the optimal salinity apparently between 26 and 300/oo; no consistent population growth occurs at salinities above approximately 370/oo.


Aims BACKGROUND: Local algorithms are in place which outline the required process for arranging a Mental Health Act assessment. It requires one doctor from the patient's allocated care team or Trust on-call consultant during the working hours and one doctor from the on-call team (registrar/Consultant- if no registrar) during out of hours. Concerns were raised that on-call doctors were not always asked to participate in assessments in accordance with Trust protocol. AIMS: To improve the on-call assessment process at Northstaffs Combined Healthcare NHS Trust (NSCHT). OBJECTIVES: To determine: Whether NSCHT doctors from the on-call rota participate in Mental Health Act assessments, as appropriate. Any patterns relating to day, time of day or location of assessment which correlate with on-call doctors not participating in assessments appropriately. Any areas where the required standards relating to on-call assessments are not being met. As well to take this opportunity to note down how long was admission following mental health act assessment and if any role of substance misuse. Methods All assessments undertaken during November and December 2020 were identified by the Mental Health Law Team. This resulted in a total for analysis of n=141 cases. Data collection was undertaken by Working Group members using a form devised by the Clinical Audit Department and entered online for analysis. Analysis was subsequently undertaken using SPSS and validated according to departmental protocol. Results MHAA was done 35% inpatient, 30% Section 136 Suite, 14% community, 12% UHNM, 3% access, 2% police custody and 4% in other areas/ out of areas. Outcome were that 45% detained under section 2 MHA, 35% on section 3 MHA, 2% admitted informally and 18% neither detained nor admitted. 26% of the time substance misuse (acute / chronic) formed part of assessment. Conclusion • Overall results showed that at least one NSCHT doctor was involved in 91% of assessments undertaken, with roughly two thirds of doctors being Consultants and one third Registrars. • Focusing on assessments undertaken in the Section 136 suite, at least one NSCHT doctor was involved in 92% of assessments undertaken, with roughly half of doctors being Consultants and half Registrars. • Focusing on out of hours assessments, at least one NSCHT doctor was involved in 89% of assessments undertaken, with roughly two thirds of doctors being Consultants and one third Registrars. Recommendations: • To amend the Section 136 form to add the role of the doctor in the assessment. • Results to be presented and discussed at the Mental Health Law Governance Group-completed. • Results to be presented to the Acute and Urgent Care Directorate-completed. • Executive Summary to be presented to the Clinical Effectiveness Group-completed.


Based on assessing hydrologic analogy,according to climate fluctuation and the condition of the under lying surface,and by means of the fuzzy similar theory as well,19 fuzzy similar controlling factors are refined in this paper.Then the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the reasonable weight of indexes.A large number of selected hydrological date series are arranged by their similar degrees compared to the object samples.Find out the several hydrological date series,which are more similar to the object samples than others.Finally,this similar water flow is corrected by the assessing hydrologic analogy and the water flow of object sample is worked out.Consequently,the fuzzy assessing hydrologic analogy model of water flow is established.Accordingly,the paper offers an effective method to solve the difficult problem about the water flow calculation in the middle and small river basins where the hydrologic dates are not available.This model is not only convenient and direct in calculation but also nicety in the result,which has been proved by calculation examples.


In recent years, the state-owned enterprise reform becomes the focus of attention of the society. However, some discussions about the state-owned enterprises still lack a clear definition of the concept. On the basis of differentiating the state-owned enterprises for public services and the state-owned enterprises for profit, a path determined by the third plenary session of 18th CPC Central Committee, it is necessity for the state-owned enterprise reform to improve the special legal system suitable for state-owned enterprises for public services and to create a system-binding basis for differentiated state-owned enterprises in order to make state-owned enterprises for public services better serve the development of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.


In the 13 years since folk singer and composer Woody Guthrie died of Huntington's disease, it has become apparent that this hereditary neuromuscular disorder is not so rare as once supposed. Now, in addition to ongoing research, the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is adding two new research programs on this disease and similar disorders. The new funds, totaling $5.1 million, are an answer to one recommendation of the Commission for the Control of Huntington's Disease and Its Consequences, which made a report to Congress in October 1977. The money will be administered in the form of grants from the DHHS' National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS), Bethesda, Md. Donald B. Tower, MD, institute director, says the grants will provide a "center-without-walls" approach consisting of investigators engaged in basic or clinical research in different departments of a university or at different universities and


The problem of controlling a linear time invariant system in open loop for the maximal time period is considered. The system is subjected to bounded parametric uncertainties and time varying disturbances. The open-loop operation is continued as long as the L 2 norm of the states is bounded by a pre-specified threshold, for every possible value of the uncertainty and disturbance. It is shown that an optimal open-loop input that achieves the maximal open-loop operation, and a worst disturbance input exist. Moreover, both can be approximated for computational purposes by bang-bang functions with finite number of switches.


Cyfluthrin and tetramethrin are extensively used synthetic pyrethroid pesticides. The present study was designed to compare the responses of two synthetic pyrethroids in carp (Cyprinus carpio). The experiments were repeated 3 times and 96-h LC50 values were determined for the carps. Lethal doses of the insecticides were determined using LC 50 software programme of US EPA based on Finneys Probit Analysis statistical method. Behavioral changes of carps were also observed. The 96-h LC50 values of cyfluthrin and tetramethrin were estimated as 21.5 µg/L and 14.84 µg/L, respectively.


In this paper four main classes of splicing technique are examined and analysed in terms of loss and complexity. The strategy adopted for field splicing depends critically on the production yield of low concentricity error fibre and on the relative complexity of the power or non power monitored splicing techniques. A comparison of theoretical and experimental splice loss data is presented.


The article is devoted to the administrative division of the Udmurt Prikamye region according to the 3rd census which is considered to be the most comprehensive one among the others made in the 18th century. It presents data on administrative belonging, ethnic and social structure of the population, the number of people, migrations, and etc in more than 1 thousand settlements of the region. The data from this census gives a fairly complete picture of the administrative-territorial structure of our region during that historical period.


Transformers with loose or deformed windings can fail during an external short circuit with loss of service and heavy maintenance costs. The transformers' tank vibration technique potentially offers a decisive solution for an on line continuous assessment of the integrity of structural elements in transformers. In this paper, the influence of sensor location on tank vibration measurements is addressed by means of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. Laboratory tests have been carried out in different points of the tank, on a typical oil filled power transformer under two extreme conditions, tight and loose windings. Preliminary results of SVM analysis of tank vibration spectra showed that it is possible to correctly identify winding looseness during repetitive sensor installation.


Research on disability prevalence among children in child welfare settings has typically rendered disability as a dichotomous yes/no variable. Dichotomous assessments do not take into account how disability impairs body functions, limits activities of daily living, and restricts participation in activities. A superior measurement method positions disability on a continuum of distinct abilities that can vary substantially for children with the same diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to examine disability as a continuum of abilities in different domains (cognitive, behavioral, social, and daily living) for children ages 3 to 10 years who were part of a maltreatment investigation.


U.S. financial development varies a good deal over the last half century, primarily increasing since the 1980s. We ask whether this variation had consequences for the real economy. Difference-in-difference tests reveal that increases in financial development have disproportionate effects on industries that depend more on external finance. Higher financial development forecasts externally dependent industries using more external finance, having higher turnover of leading businesses, greater variation in firm-growth rates, more new firms entering, more mature firms exiting, lower concentration, and at the aggregate level more innovation and faster growth. The mosaic of our evidence is consistent with a Schumpeterian framework linking the supply of finance to competition, innovation, and growth. Our findings suggest that the growth in finance had some real effects that are socially beneficial.