With increasingly frequent global culture communication,internationalization of higher nursing education is inexorable.Through years of efforts,Chongqing Medical University(CQMU) Nursing College and Michigan State University(MSU) Nursing College have established long-term and stable cooperation.Two colleges strived to develop a new cooperation mode to culture international nursing talents,and effectively developed appropriate mechanism and favorable environment.The international cooperation of advanced nursing education has been achieved sustainable development.


Objective: To investigate the clinical effect and significance of elastic intramedullary nailing in the treatment of children with long bone fracture.Methods: Observed the clinical data of 32 patients with long bone fractures treated in our hospital and analyzed treatment methods and clinical effects.Results: 32 patients fracture healed 3 to 5 months after surgery and nail were removed.According to Flynn assessment criteria: excellent in 31 cases,good in 1 case,the total fine rate was 100%.Confirmed by follow-up,no needle,bone infection,nonunion,postoperative fracture,displacement and after needle injection phenomenon.Conclusion: Elastic intramedullary nailing treatment to children with traumatic long bone fractures has minimally invasive technology,simple operation and less complications,which is abetter method to treat children with long bone fractures.


The following chapter presents the views of students who participated in the International Project Entrepreneurship and Communication in Multicultural Teams (ECMT+) within Erasmus+. The chapter focuses on the comparison of outcomes related to participants' self-reflective evaluation in the form of a self-reflective diary and an interview in two rounds of the ECMT Intensive Programs held in Wildau, Germany, in 2018 and in Roanne, France, in 2019. The goal of the chapter is to make contributions to university curricula development in terms of introducing "learning by doing" related to the selected topics identified by the Intensive Programs participants within the post-evaluation of the project. Comparing the reflection expressed in self-reflective diaries in 2018 and 2019, in the latter, it can be observed that the students are able to analyze their attitudes and reflections in a more complex way than in the former one.


This paper discusses the representation of unincorporated associations and the emerging area of an attorney's liability for aiding and abetting a breach of fiduciary duty. In this latter context, it is important to understand the duties within limited liability companies, which vary considerably from state to state. Finally, the paper suggests some language that attorneys might consider using to make clear the representation that they are undertaking.


We have investigated an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) passive optical network (PON) with centralized lightwave and direct detection. The system was demonstrated for 10 Gbps 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) intensity-modulated OFDM downstream signals and 2.5 Gbps On-off keying (OOK) upstream signals respectively. A wavelength-reuse scheme is employed to carry the upstream data by using a mach-zehnder modulator (MZM) as an intensity modulator at the optical network unit (ONU). The proposed scheme offers a promising solution for future PONs. The rapid growth of personal bandwidth demand is continuing to fuel the penetration of fiber into the access network section. The time-division-multiplexed passive optical network (TDM-PON) has already been deployed to meet the huge bandwidth demand of broadband services. Although TDM-PONs are cost effective, they suffer from the bandwidth sharing nature. The wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (WDMPON) has been proposed to increase the bandwidth utilization of optical fiber. WDM-PON is emerging as a promising key technology for the future fiber-tothehome (FTTH) [1-4]. Several modulation schemes have been demonstrated such as downstream and upstream on–off keying (OOK), downstream differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) and upstream on–off keying (OOK), downstream DPSK and upstream DPSK, downstream QPSK and upstream OOK [5-9]. WDM PON can also be realized by using the optical orthogonal-frequency-divisionmultiplexing (OFDM) technique [10-14]. There has been an increased interest in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in optical communication systems due to the need for higher data rates. OFDM is an efficient modulation technology which offers high spectral efficiency and ability to overcome limitations in optical fiber communication systems, such as relative intensity noise, modal dispersion, chromatic dispersion (CD), and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) [15-16]. Therefore OFDM modulation could be used in WDM-PON to * E-mail: email@example.com increase bandwidth utilization and extend transmission distance. Although coherent detection offers higher receiver sensitivity compared with the direct detection (DD) receiver. Direct-detection optical OFDM can considerably simplify the system complexity and reduce the phase noise and frequency offset [17].A low cost optical network unit (ONU) for WDM-PON is desirable. The wavelength reused technique is a cost-effective solution in WDMPON systems. There is no optical source in ONU, downstream wavelength signals are re-modulated with uplink data and then sent upstream towards the central office (CO). In these systems, both upstream and downstream channels use the same wavelength for improving wavelength utilization efficiency [18-21]. The Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) can be used to remodulate the downstream signal at ONU and send it back to CO as an upstream signal [21]. In this article, 70-km-reach colorless OFDM-WDMPON with centralized lightwave and direct detection has been evaluated. The downstream signal with 10-Gb/s intensity modulated quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) OFDM carried by a 12-GHz sinusoidal wave and upstream with a 2.5-Gb/s OOK signal has been demonstrated. Figure 1 shows the proposed WDM-OFDM-PON architecture using downstream OFDM and upstream OOK signals. At the central office, there are N distributed laser sources, followed by intensity modulators (IMs). The IM is used to create up-converted OFDM intensity modulated signals for WDM-OFDM downstream transmission. 128 subcarriers of 16QAM format are used with the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) size of 512 and Cyclic prefix (CP) of 10. On each WDM channel (wavelength), a 10Gbit/s OFDM-16QAM signal is up-converted to high radio frequency (RF) carrier frequency (12GHz), by an analog mixer with an RF source. Bidirectional OFDM-WDM-PON System Employing 16-QAM Intensity Modulated OFDM Downstream and OOK Modulated


To reveal the feeding habits of 3 bivalve species and the effects on the sediment and benthic diatoms, a field experiment was conducted in the estuarine Gamo lagoon, Japan, using enclosures stocked with bivalves. The surface-deposit feeder Macoma contabulata reduced silt-clay, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon content and the δ 13 C value of the sediment, while the surface- deposit feeder Nuttallia olivacea and the suspension feeder Ruditapes philippinarum did not. The surface-deposit feeders reduced phytobenthic biomass (chlorophyll a, chl a) and diatom density at the sediment surface and increased the C/N ratios of the sediment. In contrast, R. philippinarum increased chl a although it decreased benthic diatoms, suggesting the promotion of microalgal growth other than diatoms. All the bivalve species reduced the densities of the dominant diatom species differently, and M. contabulata decreased the species richness. Multidimensional scaling and 1-way analysis of similarity revealed that the bivalves specifically modified the abundances and com- position of the diatoms in relation to their feeding habits, while the relative diatom species abun- dances hardly changed. These data suggest that the bivalves show little selectivity when they ingest benthic diatoms. A 2-source mixing model using δ 13 C values revealed that benthic diatoms were the more important carbon source (>69%) for the deposit-feeding bivalves, both in natural habitats and in enclosures. In contrast, R. philippinarum obtained 61% carbon from suspended solids (SS) in the natural habitat, whereas in the enclosures it obtained 62% carbon from benthic diatoms. The dietary change of this species might be related to the supply of SS and resuspended sediment.


Recently, hybrid solar cell that consists of a combination of organic and inorganic materials offers promise in increasing efficiency. Combination of conjugated polymer of Poly (3-hexyl thiophene)/P3HT which has the highest hole mobility with inorganic materials which has high electron mobility, good physical and chemical stability of inorganic nanocrystals, shows a better performance of hybrid solar cells. We have conducted a measurement to investigate the charge carrier transport in active material of hybrid solar cells by using muon spin relaxation (μSR) with light irradiation. A bulk sample used in this study is hybrid organic-inorganic material consisting of regio-regular P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles. Longitudinal-field μSR measurements were performed in magnetic field ranging from 0 to 395 mT at temperature of 10 K, 15 K and 25 K. Based on μSR measurement with light irradiation, we found that for those temperatures, longitudinal field dependence of λ1 was proportional with C-H0.5 curve indicating three-dimensional inter-chain diffusion. We assume that light irradiation initiates the production of exciton that increases the number of charge carrier in the sample and transports not only along the chain of polymer (one-dimensional) but also perpendicular to other chain of polymer (three-dimensional). With light irradiation, the crossover temperature from one-dimensional to three-dimensional of regio-regular P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles bulk sample was obtained at lower temperature of 10 K compared to previous result at 25 K without light irradiation.


Systems and methods are provided for a lens or microlens array or non-spherical lens with or without an integrated sensor unit. A dielectric between a substrate and a lens material has curved recesses, which are filled in by the lens material. Light enters the lens material layer and is focused by the curved recess portions.


To determine whether or not the presence of pleural and/or pericardial effusion can be used prenatally as an ultrasonographic marker for the differential diagnosis between diaphragmatic eventration and diaphragmatic hernia.


Angle-resolved and internuclear-separation-resolved measurements of the single ionization rate of neutral I{sub 2} have been obtained. By launching a wave packet in the B {sup 3}{Pi}{sub u}{sup +} state (B state) of I{sub 2} with a 50-fs tunable pump pulse we can measure the ionization rate as a function of internuclear separation as the wave packet evolves in the B state. Moreover, since the ground to B-state optical transition dipole moment is parallel to the internuclear axis, the B-state subpopulation of the I{sub 2} thermal ensemble will have a high degree of alignment, allowing for angular measurements. The B state shows the well-known effect of enhanced ionization at a critical separation, R{sub c}, with an enhancement factor of 22 when the ionizing field is polarized along the internuclear axis and the enhanced ionization decreases when the angle between the field and the axis increases from 0 deg. to 90 deg., finally disappearing at 90 deg. These results on the enhanced ionization of the B state of I{sub 2} give the most precise determination of R{sub c} for any molecule and agree extremely well with the prediction from a simple model of electron localization.


Ecological communities are self-adaptive systems. Community assembly and succession is a self-organizing process. It is generated from multiple species invasions, selection, adaptation and optimization. A framework for agent-based modeling of community assembly and succession was presented in this paper. Species agents, space agents, functional agents and their behaviors were defined. Major procedures for agent-based modeling of community assembly and succession were proposed.


This article discusses of advocates of mass transit often base their arguments for public support on the quasi-economic grounds of solving the problems of poverty, crime, pollution, congestion and aesthetics. Although many of these arguments for transit provisions are logical, few are based directly on individual preferences. Yet, the application of economic analysis to the mass transportation problem should reflect individual valuations of alternatives under consideration by the analyst if worthwhile programs are to be implemented. Whether unprofitable local transit service should receive public support for continuing operation depends on the aggregate of the transit's net benefits as well as the distribution of these net benefits among a community's citizenship. Even if the aggregate net benefits are positive, acceptable means must be found to distribute them or else political constraints may forbid the provision of public transit. In addition, community welfare may decrease if unacceptable means of distribution are used. This article develops sets of indices of individual and group net benefits of transit provision from their preferences revealed from transit referendum voting in Madison, Wisconsin. These indices provide transportation planners with the basis for deciding on alternative financing arrangements that are both politically acceptable and economically efficient.


The technology of encapsulation of explants cultivated in vitro is one of the main technological tools complementary to micropropagation, with application for both conservation and propagation in vitro. In view of this possibility, the present study aimed to evaluate the composition of the encapsulation matrix with phytoregulators in the regeneration of axillary buds of strawberry cv. San Andreas. Axillary buds obtained from in vitro shoots were encapsulated in a 5.0% (w / v) sodium alginate matrix consisting of MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and combinations of Zeatin (ZEA) at 0 and 18 µM or Benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 0 and 18 µM and Gibberellin (GA3) at 0 and 1.44 µM. The control treatment consisted of medium without growth regulator. Subsequently, the encapsulating units were individually rescued and dripped in a solution of Calcium Chloride (0.1 M), in which they remained for 20 minutes for complexation. The synthetic seeds were subjected to three washes in distilled and sterilized water, uncomplexed and inoculated in culture medium (DM) maintained for 30 days at 25 ± 2 ° C with a 16-hour photoperiod and active photosynthetic radiation of 45 µmol m-2 s 1. The variables regeneration, shoot length and root were evaluated at 30 days of cultivation. After evaluation, the seedlings were washed and transplanted to polystyrene trays and kept in a greenhouse for 30 days. The survival of plant material was evaluated. The use of MS medium with or without growth regulator in the alginate matrix did not interfere in the regeneration and survival of strawberry explants 'San Andreas' under experimental conditions tested in vitro and ex vitro. Duch., alginate matrix, micropropagation, conservation in vitro.


SUMMARY
The branched filaments of Nostochopsis lobatus form infrequent intercalary heterocysts in the main trichome while the short lateral branches (1–4 celled) characteristically produce only a terminal heterocyst when the alga is grown in a medium devoid of combined nitrogen. In the presence of ammonium nitrogen, intercalary heterocysts are not formed but the lateral heterocysts enlarge to assume a balloon-like appearance; they undergo division in situ and liberate 3–5-called germlings. These germlings grow and produce similar heterocysts and the cycle is repeated until growth ceases. Heterocysts are produced at the terminal ends of the long lateral branches during the later stages of growth in ammonium medium; they are not formed, in this position, in cultures grown in nitrogen-free medium. The possible role of lateral heterocysts in controlling growth and development of long laterals is discussed.


Nationalism among Indonesian Muslims has grown since a number of sultans in the homeland against the Dutch. The resistance of the empire was a physical war against the Dutch. After the Dutch conquered almost all local sultanates and kingdoms, so that the Dutch controlled Indonesia completely, the form of resistance then changed. Changes in the form of struggle are marked by the birth of Islamic movements, both in the form of madrasa (schools), mass organizations, and political parties. Awareness of the spirit of nationalism was formed from the age of the empire, which then continued to grow among Islamic mass organizations, eventually becoming more crystallized within the bodies of political parties.


In this paper, we describe a three-dimensional (3D) computational approach for computing the fluid–structure interaction (FSI) encountered in biological and biomedical flows. The approach combines a Cartesian grid based immerse-boundary method for the viscous incompressible flow and a finite-element method for the solid body mechanics. The separate subroutines of the finite-element method can handle general 3D bodies as well as thin-wall structures such as frames, membranes, and plates. Furthermore, both geometric nonlinearity due to large displacements and large rotations and material nonlinearity due to hyperelasticity have been incorporated. The flow and the solid body are meshed separately, and as the body deforms, no mesh regeneration is needed. The FSI solver has been validated against previous numerical and experimental studies. Applications in insect flight and vocal fold vibration have been demonstrated.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


This paper discusses various approaches to modelling of floor slabs in R.C.C flamed structures of auxiliary b.uildings in Nuclear Power Plants. While stiffness of floor slabs for horizontal excitation depends on the in-plane stiffness, response in the vertical direction is governed by the flexural behaviour of the floor slabs modelled appropriately. For the various approaches to modelling, responses are evaluated and compared. Floor response spectra generated using the modelling approaches are compared to recommend an appropriate model for modelling of floor slabs. INTRODUCTION & SCOPE Auxiliary buildings in Nuclear Power Plants are RCC framed structures with floor slabs at various elevations. Shear walls, columns and beams form part of the framing system. Main beams or secondary beams form the edges of the floor slabs. While the stiffness of the floor slabs for horizontal excitation depends on the in-plane stiffness, the response to vertical excitation is governed by the flexural behaviour with the masses lumped appropriately. The distribution of lumped masses in plan at each floor level influences the vertical frequencies and the system response. Different approaches to modelling are considered and the responses studied with reference to a given seismic excitation. The generated floor response spectra, an important input for the design of the secondary systems, are also examined to evaluate the appropriateness of the model. TYPES OF FLOOR MODELS: For three-dimensional framed structural systems, three approaches to modelling of floor slab panels are examined: 1. Model 1: In this model, the secondary beams in the structural slab are not considered. Floor slabs are modelled as a single panel bounded by main beams and masses are lumped at beam-column junctions only. Masses are lumped at main beam column junctions only. Masses of the secondary beams are proportionately lumped at the nearest node. 2. Model 2.: As in model 1, in this case the secondary beams are not modelled. However, addition to the stiffness to the slab panel due to the presence of the secondary beams is considered. The equivalent thickness is worked out based on the principle of stiffness equivalence. The equivalent thickness is derived by equating the deflection at the centre of the slab panel obtained by finite element analysis of the slab panel with fixed boundary conditions to the deflection of a slab panel with equivalent thickness. Lumped masses are calculated based on the actual floor thickness and other superimposed loads. Masses are lumped at all main beam column junctions, midpoints of main beams, mid-panel points. Masses of the secondary beams have been proportionately lumped at the nearest node. The slab panels are modelled as four plate and shell elements between the main beams. 3. Model 3:This is the closest finite element representation of the floor with all main beams, secondary beams, openings truly modelled. Masses are lumped at beam column junctions, main beams and secondary beam junctions, mid points of main beams where no secondary beam intersects, and midpoints of secondary beams. Any points on the beams where equipment are located are appropriately considered. Masses of the slabs are propo~ionately lumped at the appropriate panel nodes. Using the models defined above, the response of a chosen structure is evaluated to draw conclusions. P R O B L E M CHOSEN A single storeyed structure is adopted for this study. The structure consists of four bays in the Xdirection spaced at 7.3m and six bays in the Ydirection at 7.0m spacing. All the columns originate at EL 0.0m and are fixed at this level. The first floor is at EL 8.00m. Alternate panels have one or two secondary beams shown in Fig 1. Some cut-outs exists in the slab as indicated in the figure. The sectional properties and material properties adopted are indicated under Fig 1. For this model, the structure is modelled using the three models described above. 7300 7300 7300 7300 _


The silicon nitride film is deposited by the reaction of SiH4 and active nitrogen, which is produced by the microwave excitation (2.45 GHz) of N2 alone. The activation energies from the Arrhenius plots are 0.6 Kcal./mole for 350°C–150°C and 2.3 Kcal./mole for 150°C–50°C. The film deposited below 150°C has a loose structure which leads to a faster etch rate. The refractive index of the films prepared for different concentrations of SiH4 has a maximum for each Rp and is less than 2. From I-R measurement, films by the present method are confirmed to be silicon nitride. An exact stoichiometry of Si3N4 is obtained under special conditions. A spectrum analysis of luminescence during deposition shows that SiH4 is easily dissociated to Si-atom in the presence of active nitrogen, and Si-atom and N-atom exsist in a gas phase.


In this part it is proposed to discuss five aspects of the contract of employment and matters relating to it. The nature of the contract of employment will be considered first and the discussion will then go on to treat statutory intervention as a factor which regulates the underlying structure of the law of employment. In the second instance the characteristics of the contract of employment will be considered. There will then follow a brief excursus on how a contract of employment is formed. Here only offer, acceptance, consideration capacity, intention to enter into legal obligations and form will feature. Discussions on legality of object and restrictive covenants will be left until later. Following on from this third aspect, the fourth will consist of a detailed examination of the statutory written particulars of employment, i.e. (written statement); the discussion will then go on to examine in what circumstances complaints connected with the written statement may be made to an industrial tribunal. The reader will finally be invited to look at a sample written statement by way of practical exercise.


Two kinds of fibers of potassium-tetra titanate (K2Ti4O9) and -dititanate (K2Ti2 5 ) are recently well known to be very important as intermediate phases on the fabrication process of other potassium titanates as indus trial materials. For example, potassium hexa titanate (K2Ti6O13) fibers which are superior as a heat-insulator, an automotive brake lining, and a filler for various composite materials have been prepared as a derivative of K2Ti4O9 or K2Ti2O5 fibers1),2). The K2Ti4O9 fibers are grown by flux3)-, KDC4)and disk5)methods, and the K2Ti2O5 fibers are grown by melt method2). Nowadays, most of the K2Ti4O9 fibers as industrial pro duction have been fabricated by the flux method used a K2MoO4 flux. There was some


Day 2 To the volcano and hot springs! Your bilingual naturalist guide/driver will pick you up in the morning. Set out for active Arenal Volcano. The volcano usually explodes several times a day, sending up a cloud of smoke The trip to La Fortuna, the town to the east of the volcano, is very picturesque, with views of dairy farms and local agriculture. Stop for a breather in Zarcero, known for the topiary gardens in front of its church. When you arrive at Arenal Oasis Lodge, the owners will greet you and orient you to their nature trails, frog ponds and wildlife exhibits. Go for a relaxing soak at the hot springs that night.


We present an analysis of the transmission of a weak optical pulse, with energy 1ℏω0, through a dense absorbing medium with absorption frequency ω0. We analyze the system by treating the optical pulse classically and the absorbing medium quantum mechanically. We find that the probabilistic back reaction of the quantum absorber on the classical pulse impresses statistical behavior on the pulse that does not arise from quantization of the optical field. All properties of the optical transmission and atomic absorption are self-consistent without contradiction. Issues relating to conservation of energy are resolved by considering the impact of superposition states on conservation laws in individual interactions. As a result, we conclude that transmission of a weak optical pulse with energy 1ℏω0 through a dense atomic absorber does not require quantization of the field.


Objective To study the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) and sodium selenite(Na_2SeO_3) on the liver toxicity and nephrotoxicity of rats with subchronic exposure to cadium chloride(CdCl_2).Methods Rats were injected subcutaneously with 7 μmol CdCl_2/kg for 6 weeks;Then intervened groups were injected intraperitoneally with 1 mmol/kg NAC and 10 μmol/kg Na_2SeO_3 respectively for 2 weeks;alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and n-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG) activities in urine were determined.malondialdehyde(MDA) and reduced glutathione(GSH) contents in liver and renal cortex as well as glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activities were mensurated.Results The exposure to CdCl_2 alone had significantly increased Cd contents in liver,renal cortex and urine;ALP,NAG activities and protein contents in urine were obviously increased;GSH contents were obviously increased while GSH-Px activities obviously decreased in both liver and renal cortex in rats;Contrast with the group of rats given Cd alone,NAG activities,Cd and protein contents in urine and GSH contents in both liver and renal cortex with the administration of NAC decreased significantly;The injection of Na_2SeO_3 had significantly reduced Cd contents,ALP activities in urine;The injection of Na_2SeO_3 had also significantly reduced GSH contents while increased GSH-Px activities in both liver and renal cortex.Conclusions NAC and Na_2SeO_3 might have protective effects on Cd induced renal toxicity,which may relate to alter the content of GSH and the activities of GSH-Px.


This paper gives an overview of mixed quantum/classical simulation techniques based on the ideas of surface hopping (Tully, 1990). Basics such as the separation of a system into a classical and a quantum mechanical part are addressed. First, the Ehrenfest approach, which relies on a single-configuration approximation to the total wave function, is explained. Then an analogous multi-configurational approach, to which surface hopping is an approximation, is given. The surface hopping method developed by John Tully is explained in detail. Several other methods are summarized and applications are discussed briefly to illustrate the scope of these methods.


Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare, idiosyncratic, unpredictable drug reaction. It is potentially a life threatening dermatological disorder. At present there is no definite consensus regarding the management of TEN. Treatment of TEN with etanercept has shown promising results in the recent literature where conventional systemic therapies are either contraindicated or have failed. We report a case of nevirapine induced TEN treated successfully by administering single dose of 50 mg etanercept given subcutaneously that resulted in complete re-epithelialization and without any complications.


The purpose of this study was to examine the priorities of elementary school teacher\'s value orientarion in physical education and to make a comparative analysis of thier value orientation by gender, school location and whether or not they took exclusice charge of physical education.
The sjbjects in this study were 254 teachers from north jeolla province, and a survey was conducted ny questionnaire method, mail and e-mail.
The collected data were analyzed with SPSSWIN 10.0 program, and t-test and ANOVA were employed. The findings of this study were as below.
Firtst, the elementary school teachers investigated gave top priority to a reconstruction of society and self- realization as what\'s pursued in physical educaionl. The learning process, mastering learning contents and ecological integration were considered less important.
Second, gender made a significant difference to thier value orientation toward ecological intergration. The male teachers valued it more than the females did.
Third, their value orientation toward learning process and self- realization differed with teaching career.
The beginning or leading teachers gave most weight to learning process and mastering learning contents in the order named, but mastering learning contents was regarded as most vaulable among the experienced teachers, and learning process was looked upon as the second most precious one.
Fourth, those who didn\'t take exclusive charge of physical education found mastering learning content more critical than the others who did, and there appeared significant gap between the two groups.
Fifth, the teachers from the urban areas found mastering pearning contents more vial than the others from the rural communities, and the difference between the two was significant.
Key words: value orientation, mastering learning contents, reconstruction of society, learning process, self-realization and ecological intergration.


beta-Cyclodextrin catalyses for the first time the asymmetric reduction of alpha-azido aryl ketones to corresponding alcohols of great significance using sodium borohydride in water. The azido group appeared to be the best fit among various groups studied. This asymmetric reduction using water as solvent overcomes many of the drawbacks in the existing methodologies.


Vehicle tracking based on wireless sensor is proposed in this paper the design of the positioning system, using wireless sensor network with low cost, low power consumption, multi-function, the characteristics of the sensor nodes deployed in monitoring area, through the vehicle's sound, vibration, infrared, magnetic field, such as signal analysis, to identify location and tracking, and in appropriate time to continue to track vehicles.


This is the first mitochondrial phylogeography of the common dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius (Linnaeus, 1758), a hibernating rodent strictly protected in Europe (Habitat Directive, annex IV; Bern Convention, annex III). The 84 individuals of M. avellanarius, sampled throughout the distributional range of the species, have been sequenced at the mitochondrial DNA gene (cytochrome b, 704 base pairs). The results revealed two highly divergent lineages, with an ancient separation around 7.7 Mya and a genetic divergence of 7.7%. Lineage 1 occurs in Western Europe (France, Belgium, and Switzerland) and Italy, and lineage 2 occurs in Central–Northern Europe (Poland, Germany, Latvia, and Lithuania), on the Balkan Peninsula, and in Turkey. Furthermore, these two lineages are subdivided into five sublineages genetically isolated with a strong geographical association. Therefore, lineage 1 branches into two further sublineages (Western European and Italian), whereas lineage 2 contained three sublineages (Central–Northern European, Turkish, and Balkan). We observed low genetic diversity within the sublineages, in contrast to the significant level of genetic differentiation between them. The understanding of genetic population structure is essential for identifying units to be conserved. Therefore, these results may have important implications for M. avellanarius conservation. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 105, 648–664.


Education has played a controversial role throughout man's history. The fundamental causes of these controversies s~em to emanate from, inter alia, social differences in societies. Christie (1986:21) states that some conflict thinkers believe that racial differences are the most important differences in society. For these theorists, racial discrimination is the basic root of inequality. Lack of consensus regarding the normative factors about education and labour, and also the relationship between these phenomena, is another crucial factor leading to conflicting ideas that people and governments harbour about education as a social discipline. Ulich (1965:3) sees these conflicting ideas as a lack of consensus in people who often disagree about what should be learned and valued. He further states that it is because of these disagreements among people about the role that education has to play that education is so intimately involved in the drama of human history with all its achievements and with all its conflicts and failures.


Trauma does not discriminate between age, culture, or socioeconomic class; trauma can happen to anyone. Although we would like to think that children are exempt from these difficult experiences, unfortunately, that is not the case. The current extensive research about the effects that trauma has on children both emotionally and psychologically and how these effects can have long term consequences will be examined in this capstone thesis. The arts-based qualitative research within this thesis will explore the benefits of puppet creation as a way for children to externalize their traumatic stories and as a means to provide children with the developmentally appropriate space to heal. Although the use of puppets with children in a therapeutic setting is well known as a beneficial tool for children to externalize their experiences, there has been minimal research about how the actual creation of puppets aids in children's healing. Through the use of individual case studies, it was found in this capstone thesis that the creation of puppets in child trauma therapy resulted in the externalization of stories, emotional education, the ability to stay focused in class, improving social understanding and engagement, and the ability to explore children's trauma at their own pace. PUPPET CREATION: A LOST ART IN TREATING CHILD TRAUMA 3 Puppet Creation: A Lost Art in Exploring Child Trauma Introduction Trauma does not discriminate against age, culture, or socioeconomic status; it happens to everyone. While we would like to think that children are exempt from these difficult experiences, unfortunately they are more often affected than one would think. "A recent national study revealed that approximately 34 million children in the United States had experienced at least one of nine adverse childhood experiences which have the potential to lead to traumatic stress and impact the child's psychological wellbeing" (Diamanduros, Tysinger, & Tysinger, 2018, p. 23). As adults we often have to deal with traumatic experiences, but we often neglect to realize that adults and children require a different set of criteria to process trauma. When children are exposed to a traumatic event, unlike adults, they do not have the developed skills to understand what is happening, how to process it, or even that something awful is happening or has happened. "Trauma is defined as a painful or terrifying experience that disrupts an individual's physical and psychological capacity to cope and that results in pervasive disruption of intrapersonal and interpersonal development and a child's sense of well-being" (Diamanduros et al., 2018, p.440). These physical and psychological disruptions can have long-lasting influences on a child's sense of autonomy as well as their academic performance, self-value, and behavioral and social development (Solomon & Heide, 2005). Because these effects can be so profound in the growth of a healthy child, processing traumatic events is vital. Another difference is that adults tend to expect children to identify and express emotions through words and language that are usually inaccessible to them. This can be especially stressful, unsuccessful, and painful for a child who has experienced trauma. "Although children may not verbally communicate their PUPPET CREATION: A LOST ART IN TREATING CHILD TRAUMA 4 feelings and thoughts about the event, they may communicate their experiences in another way-by playing them out. For children, play is their language, and toys are their words" (Ogawa, 2004, p. 22). One of the most successful tools that people use to process trauma is through narrative development. By externalizing their stories, victims of trauma can begin to heal. Because children and adults typically use different forms of language for expression, it is important to recognize that there are unique ways that narrative development techniques can be successful. Art as therapy is commonly used in the field of mental health counseling to create narratives when words do not suffice, which is often the case with children. Art therapy has demonstrated a positive effect on how children process trauma nonverbally, through different materials, and helps them experience creative expression as an extension of their sense of self (Naff, 2014). Through the use of art, a child can create metaphors and access a larger freedom of movement and expression and have less need for concrete language. "Image, simply put, is the language of the unconscious. Images can yield information; create understanding; evoke expression; and transform thinking, feeling, and acting" (Tripp, 2009, p.176). Most children learn through the creative process, imagination, and play. Providing children the space to play affords them the freedom to create a rich description of their experiences in a way that is developmentally appropriate and can be quite profound in processing trauma (Desmond, Kindsvatter, & Smith, 2015). Because art therapy provides a play-like atmosphere, children are able to express emotions and experiences more comfortable and beneficially. The art of play gives a child space to act out what is going on internally in a way that is developmentally correct. Cattanach (1995) states: "play for children is the place where they can PUPPET CREATION: A LOST ART IN TREATING CHILD TRAUMA 5 express their defiance and try to make sense of their own particular world and what it feels like to live there" (p.223). Art and play therapy offer a wide variety of materials which can be beneficial in accessing both cognitive and sensory aspects of the self. According to child psychologists, one of most successful materials used in art therapy, that creates a play-like atmosphere, has been the use of puppets. "Puppets have been used in counseling and psychotherapy for different purposes, such as assessment and diagnosis and addressing specific clinical problems" (Butler, Guterman, & Rudes, 2009. p. 226). Puppets are a way to externalize a problem, emotion, or experience and can help children identify and relate to a trauma because as they play, the puppets become an extension of themselves. Although there has been considerable research around the use of puppets in trauma counseling there is limited evidence around the value of the puppet creation process as a tool for more complete healing (Butler, Guterman, Rudes, 2009; Bromfield, 1995; Cattanach, 1995; Hartwig, 2014). By initiating the therapeutic process earlier, to include the construction of this imaginary persona, could traumatic experiences be healed on a deeper level? I would like to explore the act of puppet building as an accelerant to the externalization and narrative development for children healing from trauma. Literature Review Neglect and abuse are the primary forms of trauma that children experience in the United States. Often, these affected children will have multiple traumatic events happen over a period of time. Children who have experienced prolonged trauma, without interventions, are more prone to developmental delays and future challenges (Solomon & Heide, 2005). These effects can cause mental, emotional, and physical delays, and only after the traumatic memory is fully processed and integrated can the chance of homeostasis be restored (Solomon & Heide, 2005). There are a PUPPET CREATION: A LOST ART IN TREATING CHILD TRAUMA 6 growing number of studies that indicate a traumatic event can cause lasting issues in: "cognitive difficulties, abstract reasoning, executive functioning, attention, memory, concentration, verbal processing, and comprehension" (Diamanduros et al., 2018, p. 24). It is not uncommon to see these children lacking appropriate social skills, academic skills, self-care, and the ability to think both logically and emotionally. When a child is exposed to a traumatic experience, it is common that they emotionally respond in one of two ways, either hyperresponsive reactions and unregulated anxiety, or hyporesponsive reactions noted by emotional and social withdrawal (Diamanduros et al., 2018). Because of this uncertainty, it is important for the therapist, educator, or caregiver to be flexible in their expectations of that child's reaction: "response to a traumatic event depends on the child's perception of the threat of the situation and their level of coping and resilience" (Diamanduros et al., 2018, p. 24). That level of resilience, along with functioning external and internal protective factors will guide their processing ability. Effective problem solving and a well-developed sense of self are good examples of healthy internal protective factors that may provide a child with relief during the presence of an adverse experience. Healthy external protective factors, including a supportive family environment and a well-established social support system, can have the same effect (Diamanduros et al., 2018). Supportive protective factors also impact the ways in which children create external narratives around events and store memories of those events: "traumatic memories are stored as events from our lives rather than as a story with a beginning, middle, and end" (Perryman, Blisard, & Moss, 2019, p.82). Therefore if trauma is not processed, a child may have an over exaggerated response to a stimulus that does not warrant such a reaction (Perryman, Blisard, & Moss, 2019). Event memories are harder to process, and they tend to replay over in the child's PUPPET CREATION: A LOST ART IN TREATING CHILD TRAUMA 7 mind with no resolution (Solomon & Heide, 2005). This lack of resolution can give rise to images, feelings, sensations, and beliefs that may persist throughout their life: Trauma can affect a child emotionally, behaviorally, and socially. Emotionally, some traumatized children may struggle to regulate their feelings and exhibit anger, rage, and irritability, while other traumatized children may appear sad, anxious, and overwhelmed. Behaviorally, traumatic responses may


This article provides an argument for approaching the breast-bottle controversy within feminism from a rhetorical perspective, which focuses attention on how the controversy has been framed in relation to the value of medical evidence. Using the concept of rhetorical situation, the analysis demonstrates that feminists who devalue medical evidence of the health benefits of breastfeeding tend to see a breastfeeding-friendly culture, while those who see evidence for the health benefits of breastfeeding tend to see a culture friendlier to bottle-feeding. The consequences of these divergent views are significant, as the two groups differ significantly concerning whether culture or biology are changeable elements of the current circumstance that disadvantages mothers. The rhetorical perspective encourages feminists to find common ground by understanding how the staging of evidence and argument contributes to theoretical stalemates that impede all women from benefiting from political reframing of the breast-bottle debate.


This talk will shed some first light on the two imaging concepts diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion weighted imaging (PWI). On the one side one may criticize that for the lecture time given, this will definitely be an incredible or even impossible task: To give sufficient credit to both of these importantant imaging concepts. On the other side one could say: 'Come on, let's talk about the basic ideas of both and why they often appear to be like brothers or sisters. Yet, they are two quite different aspects.' — And even until recently, the ISMRM society had a single study group called the diffusion and perfusion study group .... Well, this syllabus belongs to a talk supporting the 'other side' ,.


The development of modern economy makes the demand for pipeline construction and construction rapidly increasing, and the pipeline welding has become an important link in pipeline construction. At present, there are still a large number of using of manual welding methods at home and abroad, and field pipe welding especially lacks miniature and portable automatic welding equipment. An automated welding system consists of a control system, which consisting of a lower computer control panel and a host computer operating interface, as well as automatic welding machine mechanisms and welding power systems in coordination with the control system. In this paper, a new control system of automatic pipe welding based on the control panel of the lower computer and the interface of the host computer is proposed, which has many advantages over the traditional automatic welding machine.The development of modern economy makes the demand for pipeline construction and construction rapidly increasing, and the pipeline welding has become an important link in pipeline construction. At present, there are still a large number of using of manual welding methods at home and abroad, and field pipe welding especially lacks miniature and portable automatic welding equipment. An automated welding system consists of a control system, which consisting of a lower computer control panel and a host computer operating interface, as well as automatic welding machine mechanisms and welding power systems in coordination with the control system. In this paper, a new control system of automatic pipe welding based on the control panel of the lower computer and the interface of the host computer is proposed, which has many advantages over the traditional automatic welding machine.


This paper develops a moving-magnet electromagnetic actuator for fast steering mirror (FSM). The actuator achieves a reasonable compromise between voice coil actuator and piezoelectric actuator. The stroke of the actuator is between the strokes of a piezoelectric actuator and a voice coil actuator, and its force output is a linear function of air gap and excitation current within our FSM travel range. Additionally, the actuator is more reliable than voice coil actuator as the electrical connection in the actuator is static. Analytically modeling the actuator is difficult and time-consuming. Alternatively, numerous finite element simulations are carried out for the actuator analysis and design. According to the design results, a real prototype of the actuator is fabricated. An experimental test system is then built. Using the test system, the force output of the fabricated actuator is evaluated. The test results validate the actuator analysis and design.


Diazepam causes loss of beat‐to‐beat variation of the fetal heart rate pattern within two minutes of the intravenous administration of 20 mg. This effect lasts an average of 65 minutes. This is not associated with a significant alteration of fetal pH or Apgar score at birth, High fetal plasma levels do not appear to affect the fetus adversely in labour or at birth. Rapid placental transfer occurs and the maternal and fetal blood ratios are variable.


The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time T 1 of 133 Cs in one-dimensional easy-plane ferromagnet CsNiF 3 has been measured at 4.2 K as the function of the external field (1.5 kOe–12 kOe) applied in the easy-plane. Below about 7 kOe, the experimental data exhibit a serious deviation from the prediction of the three-magnon process. This behaviour is reasonably interpreted in terms of the model of collision between the nuclear spin and magnetic solitons, which gives \(T_{1}^{-1} \sim T^{-1} \exp (-c \sqrt{H}/T)\). At H =5 kOe, we find the soliton activation energy of 23 K.


Electronic banking nowadays is gaining worldwide acceptance due its convenience and comfortability. Unlike in the past where customers suffered seriously before depositing or withdrawing money from their account, electronic banking minimize all these laborious activities. Many researches were conducted in this very important aspect of banking services. Most of the existing literatures identified several indicators that have a positive and direct impact on electronic banking services. However, most of the previous researches employed limited number of data and sample as well. It is against this background that this paper seeks to examine the impact of electronic banking on customer service delivery in the Malaysian Banking industry with the ultimate aim of either accepting or rejecting any preconceived idea of the researcher. The paper also addresses the issues emanating from the customer viewpoint regarding the impact of electronic banking on customers' performance. The study, thus, employed some hypotheses in order to guide the research in achieving the overall aim of the research as well as testing the stated hypotheses. The conceptual framework for the research is postulated in both figure 1 and 2 through the use of Structural Equation Modelling as a tool and instrument for data analysis. Furthermore, the article highlighted the mutual relationship that exists between electronic banking, behavioral factors and customer service delivery in the banking industry. It could be established through the findings of this study that based on the extensive review of existing literatures, the expected and likely outcome as well as the research gaps identified in the research could also provide some direction for future research.


The possibly stable structure of SiBn-1Nn(n=2-11) clusters was studied by using genetic algorithm combined with Gastreich empirical potential.The lower-energy isomer was optimized on the HF/6-31G(d) level,so that a series of stable isomers of SiBn-1Nn(n=2-11) clusters was obtained.The relative stability of the ground state structures was discussed and the bonding properties,vibration spectra,infrared and Raman vibration mode of the SiB5N6 single-ring structure were analyzed.


Multicore and NUMA architectures are becoming the dominant processor technology and functional languages are theoretically well suited to exploit them. In practice, however, implementing eective high level parallel functional languages is extremely challenging. This paper is a systematic programming and performance comparison of four paral- lel Haskell implementations on a common multicore architecture. It provides a detailed analysis of the performance, and contrasts the programming eort that each language requires with the parallel performance delivered. The study uses 15 'typical' programs to compare a 'no pain', i.e. entirely implicit, parallel implementation with three 'low pain', i.e. semi-explicit, language implementations. We report detailed studies comparing the parallel performance delivered. The com- parative performance metric is speedup which normalises against sequential perfor- mance. We ground the speedup comparisons by reporting both sequential and parallel runtimes and eciencies for three of the languages. To measure the programming eort required by each language we record the number of programs improved and the relative and absolute program changes required to coordinate the parallelism. The results of the study are encouraging and, on occasion, surprising. We find that fully implicit parallelism as implemented in FDIP cannot yet compete with semi- explicit parallel approaches. Semi-explicit parallelism shows encouraging speedup for many of the programs in the test suite. Languages with implementations designed for distributed memory architectures perform surprisingly well given their high message- passing costs. This leads us to speculate that, as the number of cores grow, imple- mentations with some form of independent heap will outperform those with shared heaps.


In the previous paper, the authors proposed torque control systems that may be effective to reduce vibration of a rolling piston-type compressor for a room air conditioner. This paper deals mainly with the experimental results of the torque control systems. Two types of control models, a "rotational speed control model" and a "rotational acceleration control model" were used, and the stability and the transient response were discussed in comparison with the simulation. It was shown that the experimental results generally agreed well with the simulaion predictions, although the degree of actual Control effects was a slightly inferior because of detection errors and response lags in the actual control system. By comparing both control systems wlth each other, it was proven that the rotational acceleration control system is superior and can reduce the compressor chamber vibration in a stabler and faster response.


The invention relates to a damaged cable approximation-type identification method based on the strain monitoring at the moment of temperature variation, which is based on the strain monitoring. The method is characterized in that whether a mechanical calculation benchmark model of a cable structure is required to update by monitoring the temperature of the cable structure, the ambient temperature and the damaged degree of a damaged cable, the mechanical calculation benchmark model of the cable structure is only updated when the temperature is changed and (or) the damage degree of the damaged cable is large, so that a novel mechanical calculation benchmark model of the cable structure counting the temperature is obtained, and a unit damage monitored parameter numerical value variation matrix is obtained through calculation on the basis of the model. The non-inferior solution of a moment damage vector can be quickly calculated by utilizing algorithm such as a multi-target optimization algorithm according to an approximate linear relation respectively between a moment numerical value vector of a monitored parameter and a moment initial numerical value vector of the monitored parameter and between the unit damage monitored parameter numerical value variation matrix and the moment nominal damage vector to be solved, and thus the position and the damage degree of the damaged cable can be accurately determined when the temperature is changed.


In this paper, first, similarity between categories is formulated using AIC. Then the relation between dual scaling solution and category pooling process conducted by AIC is discussed . Second, a method analyzing cross tabulated data is proposed, which is useful for handling multicategorized variables. In this method, categories are pooled into some groups so as to minimize AIC of cross table composed by the pooled category groups. Then, some tables that not significantly different from the MAICE table are selected, and several inductive results are inferred and confirmed by comparing dual scaling solutions on the selected tables and by analyzing the category pooling process. This confirmation procedure also provides deeper understanding of dual scaling solutio Applying the method to two cross tables of vehicle possession in Tukuba Science City, it is shown that proposed method is practically efficient for drawing conclusions, even in the cases several categories have rather small samples and the table apparently has no significance.


A Recruitment, placement, and promotion of individuals to leadership and senior managerial positions in health care organizations are based primarily on technical competence. Unfortunately, technical competence of an individual is not a good predictor of their leadership and managerial competence. This is because the leadership/managerial role is quite complex and requires certain skills and competencies in individuals for properly performing it. In this paper, we examined the relationships of leadership styles of health care professionals of Missouri hospitals with motivation, satisfaction, and work performance of subordinates. Our findings suggest that health care leaders are less socially skill ful and they are less bold and change seeking than being knowledgeable and experienced. Consequently, they are not as effective in influencing the motivation, satisfaction, and performance of their subordinates. Health care organizations need to hire, promote, and reward leaders/managers that are highly socially skillful and that are bold and change seeking for boosting the morale and performance of health care workers.


Abstract Wealth management products have been popular investment vehicles in China, and they are governed by standard form contracts. Existing studies mainly focus on the risk of such products and suggest having special laws to provide more protection for customers. Little is known about the actual contents of wealth management product contracts. Based on 66 hand-collected wealth management product contracts from major Chinese commercial banks, this article tries to explore the contractual relationship between giant banks and individual customers. It also tests the exploitation theory in a Chinese context by analysing whether the wealth management product contracts are more pro-seller or pro-buyer relative to the laws and regulations in China. Our findings reinforce the argument that standard form contracts are designed in favour of the sellers. The wealth management product contracts are tilted toward the commercial banks relative to the default rules. These contracts contain massive clauses that limit banks' liabilities and restrict customers' choice of conflict resolution mechanisms. However, a counter-intuitive finding is that national commercial banks provide less pro-seller terms than the local ones. We argue that the explanations for such variation in contract practices among Chinese commercial banks lie in the enforcement of relevant laws and regulations and the unique nature of national commercial banks.


Objective To investigate the clinical significance of urinary interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1ra),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) in children with Henoch-Schonlein purprua nephritis(HSPN) and IgA glomerular nephritis(IgAGN).Methods The levels of IL-1β,IL-1ra and MCP-1 in urine samples collected from 25 patients with HSPN, 23 patients with IgAGN and 30 healthy subjects were determined.The urinary leves of IL-1ra,MCP-1 were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the urinary level of IL-1β by means of radioimmunoassay.Results There was insignificant difference in the urinary level of IL-1ra amoing the patients with IgAN, patients with HSPN and healthy subjects(P0.05).The urinary level of IL-1β in the patients with HSPN or IgAGN was significantly higher than that in the healthy subjects (P 0.01).IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio in the patients with HSPN or IgAGN was significantly lower than that in the healthy subjects (P0.05).The urinary level of MCP-1 in the patients HSPN or IgAGN was significantly higher than that in the healthy subjects (P0.01 or P 0.05). The level of MCP-1 in the patients with HSPN was significantly higher than that in the patients with IgAGN (P0.01).The urinal levels IL-1ra and IL-1β and IL-1ra/IL-1β ratio were not correlate with 24-hour urine total protein(UTP) (r = 0.038,r = 0.023,r = 0.15,P0.05). However, MCP-1 level in urine was positively correlated with 24-hour UTP(r = 0.48,P 0.05). Conclusions The urinary levels of IL-1ra,IL-1β and MCP-1 in the patrents with HSPN were incompletely identical with those in the in patients with IgAGN.The detection of IL-1ra,IL-1β and MCP-1 in the urine of the patients with HSPN or IgAGN may be used as a clinical index to reflect immuno inflammatory cell infiltration levels in the kidney,and it also indicates that nephropathia and activity and development of the disease in the patients with HSPN or IgAGN .


The present study investigated the hearing status of visual handicapped children in the new historical period in order to provide the proof and evidence for the study of psychology and education related to visual handicapped children. Pure tone threshold audiometry was applied to measure the hearing ability of visual handicapped children. The result showed that the prevalence of hearing loss in visual handicapped children was 41.5%. It is suggested here that noise should be the main factor that caused in hearing defect. The developmental pattern of hearing in visual handicapped children was similar to that of hearing in ordinary children. It showed that hearing threshold of handicapped and ordinary children drops as age increases, and in growth with the function in the auditory system, the hearing ability of handicapped and ordinary children is developed.


A study was repeated over 2 years to determine the effect of feeding different levels of dry distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) on the performance of finishing cattle. In each year, 120 steers (756 ± 22 lb) were weighed, and randomly allocated to 15 pens. The pens were then assigned to one of five treatments: 1) cornsoybean meal (CON); 2) 20% DDGS; 3) 20% WDGS; 4) 40% DDGS; or 5) 40% WDGS. The basal diet consisted of 10% alfalfa hay, 4% molasses, 2% supplement, 10.5% SBM and 73.5% cracked corn. The WDGS and DDGS were added to replace all the SBM and part of the cracked corn. Steers were fed these diets for 138 and 129 days in years 1 and 2, respectively. Body weight was recorded prior to feeding at the start of the trial and every 28 days. Steers were harvested at a commercial facility and carcass data were collected. No treatment x year interactions occurred, thus data were pooled over the 2 years. There was an interaction between wet vs. dry and 20% vs. 40% distillers grains with solubles (DGS) for cumulative DMI. Steers fed 20% and 40% DDGS had the highest DMI, but feeding 40% WDGS significantly depressed (P < 0.01) DMI. Cumulative ADG was similar across all treatments; however, steers fed 40% DGS had greater G:F (P < 0.05) than those fed 20% DGS, and those fed WDGS were more efficient (P < 0.01) than those fed DDGS. Pooled carcass data showed that steers fed DGS had greater (P < 0.01) 12 rib fat compared to CON resulting in steers fed DGS having greater (P < 0.05) Yield Grades compared to CON steers. Steers fed 20% DDGS and 20% WDGS had numerically higher


In an RFID system, the RFID readers consume huge energy and are considerably expensive in practical applications. To minimize the total number of readers with guaranteed surveillance such that the position of each tag can be uniquely determined is a challenge. This paper considers a simple but practically useful model of anchor-free network of RFID readers where each tag falls within the sensing zone of at least two readers. To maintain the quality of service in the real applications, a practical condition, the communication range is at least twice its sensing range, is considered. Under this condition, a characterization of a network is proved. An efficient algorithm for recognizing such a network is then developed without any initial position information of the readers. Using these readers as the references, an algorithm is designed for finding the exact positions of the tags in distributed manner. Unlike the existing techniques, it requires no external references for tag tracking. The proposed technique finds at most two possible positions (in some cases, unique position), out of which one is correct, for each tag.


This article presents an approach to improving induction heating efficiency and discusses methods for maximizing it. The problem is reduced to a fuzzy optimal calculation of the parameters of the induction heater and the heater control program.


The logistics industry has developed rapidly in recent years, and a large number of excellent courier enterprises have emerged, but the rapid development and the surge in business volume has also brought service quality problems. With fierce competition in the logistics industry, courier enterprises need to focus on the customer's logistics service quality to be competitive in the market. In this paper, we used literature research and expert consultation methods to determine 22 elements that affect the service quality of courier enterprises. and then used the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) to establish the evaluation model of the logistics service quality for courier enterprises.


Time-resolved emission and excitation spectra and luminescence decay kinetics were studied at 160-300 K for undoped and Mo-doped PbWO4 crystals under XeCl (4.02 eV), N2 (3.67 eV) and KrF (5.0 eV) pulsed excimer laser excitation. The G(II) emission was found to be responsible for the slow (µs-ms) luminescence decay. Under excitation or after irradiation in the exciton region (Eexc = 4.02 eV), this emission accompanies the monomolecular tunneling recombination in genetic pairs of electron and hole centers produced at the photo-thermally stimulated decay of localized excitons, which occurs without release of free charge carriers. Under excitation or after irradiation in the host lattice (Eexc = 5.0 eV) and defect-related (Eexc = 3.67 eV) regions, the bimolecular tunneling recombination takes place in chaotic pairs of the electron and hole centers created at the trapping of optically released free charge carriers. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Colonoscopy is the 'gold standard' investigation of the colon. High quality colonoscopy is essential to diagnose early cancer and reduce its incidence through the detection and removal of pre-malignant adenomas. In this review, we discuss the key components of a high quality colonoscopy, review methods for improving quality, emerging technologies that have the potential to improve quality and highlight areas for future work.


An experiment was conducted during the winter season of 1999–2000 and rainy season of 2000, to study the flowering behaviour and reproductive growth of polyethylene film-mulched groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) in sole as well as intercropping with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The effect of polyethylene film mulch (PFM) on days to first flowering, days to produce 50% of total flowers in a single plant, total number of flowers produced, pod setting ratio and total number of matured pods/plant was significant. As a result, the pod yield was also highest with the same treatment (26.17 q/ha and 26.46 q/ha respectively during winters of 1999–2000 and rainy 2000). The effect of intercrop treatments was significant on majority of the phenological and yield characters and pod yield of groundnut. The interaction effect was non-significant during both the seasons for all the parameters studied.


Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted in humans by the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) have identified more than 150 genome-wide significant loci that are associated with variation in plasma lipid levels (cholesterol, LDL/HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides). Some loci contain genes with well-described roles in lipid metabolism, such as CETP , LDLR , and APOB ; however, for many genome-wide significant loci, there is no clear causal gene. To test the hypothesis that lipid genes in the liver are co-regulated, we constructed global co-expression gene networks from genome-wide gene expression data obtained from the livers of multiple independent mouse genetic crosses. All together, we constructed global gene networks from eight distinct studies, representing more than 800 unique mice of diverse genetic backgrounds. For all studies analyzed, we identified a module (or sub-network) of genes that is significantly enriched (p -15 ) functionally for cholesterol biosynthesis and metabolism genes. This module ranges in size from 70 to 824 genes across the eight studies and contains all genes involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway ( Acat2, Hmgcs2, Hmgcr, Lss, Sc5d, etc. ). This module also contains many genes involved in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism, such as Ldlr , Pcsk9 , and Insig1 . Because of the significant enrichment of cholesterol genes in this module, we have begun to cross-reference all genes in the module against the GLGC lipid GWAS data. Through this analysis, we have identified genes of unknown function that are clearly located within genome-wide significant lipid loci as well as sub-threshold (suggestive significant) lipid loci. Among the genes we identified was Sestrin1 , which was located within a clear sub-threshold locus associated with plasma cholesterol (rs12206606; p=1.4 x 10 -5 ). In conclusion, our studies provide a framework to identify causal genes within reported lipid GWAS loci as well as to identify novel sub-threshold loci associated with variations in lipids among humans. We illustrate the approach by identifying Sestrin1 within a sub-threshold locus associated with plasma cholesterol levels and show that Sestrin1 is transcriptionally regulated in the liver by dietary cholesterol.


A group of Jews dedicates a vow to the salvation of Septimius Severus, Caracalla, Geta and Iulia Domna. It belongs to a building project of controversial nature. Typology (Honorific / Funerary / etc.): Vow Original Location/Place: Qazion, in Galilee Actual Location (Collection/Museum): Garden of the residence of the president of Israel in Jerusalem Date: 198 CE to 211 CE Physical Characteristics: Lintel, irregularly carved, with the right side broken and the central section damaged. The name of Iulia Domna was inserted in a wreath and a line was deliberately erased.


This report discloses the results of the evaluation of the impact of an educational intervention at the level of knowledge about cardiovascular risk factors and their correlation with health status of 21 adults who attend the parish of St. Martin Urb Trupal – District of Trujillo. The goal we pursue is to assess the impact of the intervention, and comparing the parameters: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and post post post educational intervention. For the analysis of theresults was used student t test and chi-square test Mc Nemar to determine the statistical differences in the before and after the intervention. By comparing the results and post post posteducational intervention was observed that the level of knowledge in the post test has an average score of 40.62 and the post test after an average score of 38.05. The average systolic blood pressure in the post test was 128.57 mmHg, while for the post after the test was 133.02 mmHg. With respect to the average diastolic blood pressure, in the post test was 80.71 mmHg and 84.14 mmHg for post test post. The average BMI value in the post test was 29.84 and 30.47 for the post test post. With regard to waist circumference (central obesity) the average score in the post testwas 95.14 cm and 97.19 cm for the post test post. It was concluded that the educational intervention did have a positive impact, reporting a positive effect on the four parameters under study


In this paper we investigate the precise asymptotics in the law of the logarithm for the first moment of the error variance estimator of a linear model, where the estimation is based on residual sum of square.


We will not, however, be too flattered by our victories over nature. Each such victory takes revenge on us. Each of these victories has, true, at the first turn, those consequences which were considered, but, at the second and third turn, quite different unexpected consequences that often destroy the importance of the first consequences.


Because plasma is in much demand but very short in selfsufficiency in Japan, it is not enough to get source plasma derived only from 200ml or 400ml donations of whole blood. As a less expensive process whereby plasma is collected from a single voluntary donor, membrane plasmapheresis has been initiated.We investigated the safety of donating plasma and the efficacy of collected plasma by using a membrane plasmapheresis apparatus, KM8700 Kuraray. There were no complaints from 20 voluntary donors and no abnormal vital signs observed. And there was no activation of platelet, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and complement systems.The components in collected plasma showed little difference from fresh frozen plasma supplied by the Japanese Red Cross, except for a slightly low level of factor IX.We concluded that donor membrane plasmapheresis by using KM8700 Kuraray was safe and clinically useful.


Electromagnetic loop networks (EMLNs) are pervasive in power networks. Their major characteristic is parallel flow. EMLNs with substantial parallel flow are considered to have a parallel flow problem. There is currently a serious disagreement about whether EMLNs have a parallel flow problem, which has resulted in different configurations of national grids. Therefore, this paper proposes a general model of EMLNs and derives the parallel current function, which formulates parallel flow, from the network equations of both the high and low voltage sides of an EMLN. Accordingly, the high and low voltage sides of an EMLN are equivalent to two sets of parallel identical multi-transmission lines. Finally, this paper considers operating margins and derives the sufficient condition under which parallel flow can be ignored. The sufficient condition not only determines whether an EMLN has a parallel flow problem but also reveals simple approaches to visually diminishing parallel flow. If the EMLN satisfies the sufficient condition, parallel flow can be ignored; otherwise, the EMLN needs to operate in a restricted way or to adopt open loop planning.


This thesis provides an analysis of the linguistic expression of spatial and temporal relations in Mmen, a Niger-Congo language spoken in Bafumen, in the North West Region of Cameroon.

Linguistic means of expressing spatial relations are surveyed in usage and in grammatical structure, and categorized according to the patterns found. Locative prepositions and usages are compared with directional and temporal expressions, and the use of spatial motion words and constructions to express motion and relations in time is described and discussed.
The data was elicited in the field, using both pictorial stimuli (Bowerman & Pederson 1992) and translation tasks.

Amongst the salient results was that tonal patterns can be the only distinction in realization of a preposition, and that the conceptualization of "front" and "back" can show the reverse pattern from that in English.


Construction enterprises are affected by various risk factors. To awaken the consciousness of the risks management, and to enhance the mechanism, techniques and skills of construction projectspsila risk management in China, This paper present an integrated risk management model. It consists of three modules named as risk mechanism, quantification analysis system and optimizing decision-making. Risk mechanism, as a basis of risk integrated management, involves the establishment of risk management culture and risks-resisted mechanism. Quantification analysis system, using the risk transfer theory, proposes the devices and network system for detecting construction project risks. Optimizing decision making includes the project resource optimization measures and project risk avoiding method. The establishment of the model creates a new approach for risk quantification and assessment to improve the risk management effects.


For the accelerometers which have nonlinear degradation characteristics, the existing linear regression model is difficult to accurately evaluate the storage life. In order to solve this problem, under the condition of the accelerated degradation test, a storage life evaluating method based on nonlinear regression model is advanced. Analyzed the relationship between the characteristic parameters of the model and the stress level, and deduced the life distribution of probability which is restricted by acceleration model, and proposed a statistical analysis method which combines maximum likelihood estimation and parameter identification method. Finally, evaluated a certain type of accelerometer of constant stress accelerated degradation experiment data, and it proved that the validity of the analysis and the method is effective. Keywords—accelerometer; storage life; nonlinear; accelerate model; degradation


Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a community-acquired pathogen that typically causes pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Rarely, it can affect other organ systems such as the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the meninges, ears, eyes, and spine. We present the case of a 62-year-old male admitted with septic shock secondary to necrotizing pneumonia and multiple hepatic liver abscesses, which to the best of our knowledge, is the first reported case of multiorgan invasive K. pneumoniae infection, including the presence of a newly recognized syndrome referred as Invasive Liver Abscess Syndrome (ILAS). It is important to maintain both ILAS and K. pneumoniae invasive syndrome (KPIS) in the differential diagnosis, especially in areas of the world with a large number of tourists and immigrants, such as New York City, where the presented case took place.


Chapter 1 Abbreviations Chapter 2 Preface Chapter 3 Acknowledgments Chapter 4 The Humanist/Historicist Hegel Chapter 5 American Hegelianism, 1830-1900 Chapter 6 Dewey in Burlington and Baltimore, 1859-1884 Chapter 7 Dewey in Michigan, 1884-1894 Chapter 8 Dewey's Transitional Years, 1894-1904 Chapter 9 From Actualism to Brutalism, 1904-1916 Chapter 10 Selected Bibliography Chapter 11 Index Chapter 12 About the Author


Two common evergreen tree species of Amazonian floodplains, Laetia corymbulosa (Flacourtiaceae) and Pouteria glomerata (Sapotaceae), were investigated. Their phenological and physiological reactions to the changing hydrological environment during the annual cycle was analyzed. Leaves were present during the whole year in both species, but a strong leaf loss and significant reduction of new leaf production was observed in L. corymbulosa in the non-flooded phase in a period of unusually strong drought, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in predawn leaf water potential, which fell from -0.03 MPa to below -2 MPa. New leaves were flushed with the onset of rain a few weeks later. P. glomerata showed a complete inhibition of new leaf production in the period of highest water levels. Predawn leaf water potential was more or less constant at -0.5 MPa throughout the year. Stress reactions to drought were not detectable in this species. Photo- synthetic activity in L. corymbulosa was highest in the terrestrial phase (13 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1). In the first weeks after inundation, net CO2 exchange rates were comparable with those of the terrestrial phase, but dropped drastically to 3 µmol CO2 m -2 s -1 after approximately six months of waterlogging. In contrast, assimilation rates of P. glomerata were nearly constant during the whole annual cycle, ranging between 8 and 12 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1. The results show that L. corymbulosa reacts more sensitively than P. glomerata to environmental changes in the annual cycle, such as long-term waterlogging and drought. The two species show different morphological adaptations, such as aerenchymatous tissues and adventitious roots, while different leaf development (senescence), which is linked to the hydric conditions of the environment, is responsible for re- ductions and subsequent recovery (by new leaf flush) in photosynthetic rates. Thus, different phenological performances lead to different ecophysiological responses to the same environmental constraints to which the two species are subjected. Resumo. Duas especies de arvores sempreverdes das areas inundaveis da Amazonia, Laetia corymbulosa (Flacourtiaceae) e Pouteria glomerata (Sapotaceae), foram investigadas com respeito a reacoes fenologicas e fisiologicas em funcao das condicoes hidricas ao longo do ano. As duas especies apresentavam folhas durante o ano inteiro, entretanto L. corymbulosa mostrou forte queda de folhas e uma reducao significativa da producao de folhas novas durante o periodo de seca que neste ano foi exceptionalmente pronunciado, e que levou a uma diminuicao significativa do potencial hidrico das folhas (predawn leaf water potential) que caiu de -0.03 MPa para menos de -2 MPa. Novas folhas brotaram com o inicio das chuvas poucas semanas mais tarde. P. glomerata teve uma completa inibicao da producao de folhas novas durante o periodo dos niveis dos rios altos. O potencial hidrico das folhas permaneceu mais ou menos constante em -0.5 MPa nesta especie. Nao foi possivel detectar reacoes de estresse a falta de agua nesta especie. A atividade fotossintetica de L. corymbulosa foi maior na fase terrestre (13 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1). Nas primeiras semanas depois do comeco da inundacao as taxas liquidas de troca de CO2 foram comparaveis aquelas da fase terrestre, mas cairam drasticamente para 3 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 aproximadamente apos seis meses de inundacao. Em contraste, as taxas de assimilacao de P. glomerata permaneceram quase constantes ao longo do ciclo anual, variando entre 8 e 12 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1. Os resultados mostram que ao longo do ano L. corymbulosa reage de modo mais sensivel as modificacoes hidrologicas do que P. glomerata, ou seja a inundacao e a Seca. As duas especies produzem adaptacoes morfologicas diferentes, como por exemplo tecidos aerenquimatosos e raizes adventicias. As diferencas de estadio (folhas novas, maduras e senescentes), ligadas as condicoes hidricas do ambiente, sao responsaveis pelas alteracoes nas atividades fotossinteticas, diminuicao ou aumento, no caso da producao de folhas novas. Assim, diferencas fenologicas causam diferentes respostas ecofisiologicas sob as mesmas condicoes ambientais nas duas especies analisadas. Accepted 7 July 2004.


This paper considers elastic shell elements. They move under pressure. The type of dependence of displacement on pressure is called the elastic characteristic of the element. The object of this study is shell elements with a complex surface shape, consisting of composite materials of the "metal-metal" type. The composite is a metal shell with reinforcing fiber made of another metal material. The form of reinforcement is different. The task to be solved is to determine the elastic characteristics of the shell elements depending on the geometric parameters, as well as the mechanical values of the shell at its various points and in different directions. To this end, algorithms were built for calculating mechanical quantities depending on the percentage of the fiber and the shell matrix. It was required to derive a system of equations for determining the displacements and internal forces in the element depending on the geometric and mechanical parameters. A numerical calculation of shell elastic elements was performed and a comparison of the results of analytical calculation according to the algorithm developed in this work and experimental data was performed. The match between these results is 99.8–100 %. The characteristics of the shell elements were determined depending on the type of reinforcing fiber and matrix, on the geometric parameters, and the type of reinforcement of the shell. These studies make it possible to design shell elements with specified characteristics and predefined sensitivity.


In the article, "Effectiveness, cost-utility, and benefits of a multicomponent therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia in primary care: A mixed methods study protocol", which appears in Volume 98, Issue 41 ofMedicine, the how to cite this article information appears incorrectly and should be: Caballol Angelats R, Gonçalves AQ, Aguilar Martín C, Sancho Sol MC, González Serra G, Casajuana M, Carrasco-Querol N, Fernández-Sáez J, Dalmau Llorca MR, Abellana R, Berenguera A; SensiTEbre group. Effectiveness, cost-utility, and benefits of a multicomponent therapy to improve the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia in primary care: A mixed methods study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Oct;98(41):e17289.


To test if the treatment adherence to branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) granules influences the serum albumin level and prognosis in prospective 2984 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis who were prescribed BCAA granules containing 952 mg of L‐isoleucine, 1904 mg of L‐leucine and 1144 mg of L‐valine at 4.15 g/sachet three times a day after meals.


Suresh suggests that surgical disruption of the tissues may result in significant 'loss' of local anesthetic (LA), leading to a reduction in analgesic efficacy of ESPB. However, in the described case, the patient reportedly had good quality intraoperative and early postoperative pain relief following bilateral single shot ESPB. While the mechanism of action of ESPB remains to be definitively elucidated, all of the proposed mechanisms to date ultimately rely on the injected LA travelling to sites of action remote from the site of injection.[2] Indeed one of the key ultrasonic end points of ESPB is the observation of LA spread away from the injection site. This is one reason why ESPB may be an attractive technique for analgesia in spinal surgery.


In the history,sports lottery made a great contribution for finance straits around the world.Sports lottery was published in 1947 in Korea.As a result of sports lottery,Korea has held many international sports games successfully and made the sports developing quickly.This paper analyzes the situation and management mode of sports lottery and understands the function of sports lottery in sports development in Korea,highlights the importance of sports lottery in Korea,and tries to make it a sample for China.


The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) is a large thrust class, reusable, staged combustion cycle rocket engine employing liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants. A cluster of three SSMEs is used on every space shuttle mission to propel the space shuttle orbiter vehicle into low earth orbit. Development of the SSME began in the early 70's and the first flight of the space shuttle occurred in 1981. Today, the SSME has accrued over one million seconds of ground test and flight operational time, launching 129 space shuttle missions. The systems operation of the SSME was developed and evolved to support the specific requirements of the Space Shuttle Program (SSP). This paper provides a systems operation overview of the SSME, including: engine cycle, propellant flowpaths, and major components; control system; operations during pre-start, start, mainstage, and shutdown phases; launch commit criteria (LCCs) and operational redlines. Furthermore, this paper will discuss how changes to the SSME over its history have impacted systems operations.


The Tailan River Watershed, a branch of the Aksu River Basin, is a glacier-melt runoff river and has a drainage area of 1 324 km2. So far, there is still no detailed assessment of changes of the characteristics of the glaciers. Therefore, timely and correct assessment of glacier changes in the Tailan River to fill gaps in this region is urgent, and it has an extremely important significance for the Tailan River Watershed′s economic development and people's livelihood. 1∶50 000 topographic map data, Landsat ETM+ remote sensing images and digital elevation model data were used in this research. Through integrated computer automatic interpretation and visual interpretation methods, the object-oriented image feature extraction method is applied to extract glacier information. And the images overlying digital elevation model was used to extract the debris-covered glacier terminal in this region. At last, the expert guidance was referenced to revise the glacier outline again. Glacier change data in 1972-2011 were derived from this research, and analyses the glacier variation characteristics and its response to climate change in the past nearly 40 a. The results show that: between 1972 and 2011, the Tailan River watershed′s glaciers had an evident retreat trend, the total area of glaciers was from 435.44 km2to 385.38 km2; shrinking at a rate of 11.50%, with the average annual decrease was approximately 1.25 km2and the average single glacier area decrease was 0.31 km2. Glacier total number decreased from 113 to 109, 10 glaciers were disappeared and three glaciers separated into nine remaining. Other 100 glaciers were presenting decreasing trend. In 2011, according to the results of object-oriented image feature extraction method of glacier distribution and temporal variation, glaciers in this basin are mainly distributed in an elevation of 3 900-4 200 m range, and aspect of the glacier terminal toward the east occupy the vast majority in this basin. By analyzing Aksu and Baicheng weather stations′annual average temperature and precipitation data from 1960 to 2010, the mean annual temperature increased significantly and the annual precipitation also showed an increasing trend. The study concluded that glacier shrinkage is closely related with temperature rising and glacier melting caused by rising temperatures offsets the supply by increased precipitation to some extent.


This paper mainly illustrates the primary manifestations of the internal contradiction among the people in the new stage from two angles,horizontally and vertically,it also circumstantially disserts the scientific ways to deal with such problems.


Novel bifunctional catalysts combining two active phases, typically Cu-ZSM-5 and a modifier, were prepared and tested for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides using propylene in order to overcome the hindering effects of water typically seen for single-phase catalysts such as Cu-ZSM-5. The catalysts were made by typical preparation techniques, but parameters could be varied to influence the catalyst. The physical characterization of the materials showed that the modification phase was added strictly to the external surface of the zeolite without hindering any internal surface area. Chemical characterization by temperature programmed reactions, DRIFTS and x-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated strong interaction between the two phases, primarily producing materials that exhibited lower reduction temperatures. Two improvements in NOx reduction activity (1000 ppm NO, 1000 ppm C3H6, 2% O2, 30,000 hr-1 GHSV) were seen for these catalysts compared with Cu- ZSM-5: a lower temperature of maximum NOx conversion activity (as low at 250 C), and an enhancement of activity when water was present in the system. The use of a second phase provides a way to further tune the properties of the catalyst in order to achieve mechanistic conditions necessary to maximize NOx remediation.


[Objective] To explore the therapeutic mechanism of TCM in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)through observing the level of glutamylcysteine synthetase(γ-GCS)and the pathologic changes of the airway tract in COPD rats.[Methods] COPD in rats was induced by modified fumigation and lipopolysaccharicle(LPS)dropping into trachea.The pathologic changes of the small airway tract in rats were observed microscopically and the changes of tracheal cilium of the the COPD rats electron microscopically.The γ-GCS expression level was determined immunohistochemistry.[Results] Each prescription could alleviate the infiltration of the inflammation cells and the block of secretion in bronchioles of lung and the terminal bronchiole tube cavity.It could also restore the cilium from adhesion,lodging and shedding,thus improve the high reactivity and remodeling of the airway tract.Compared with the normal group,a high expression of γ-GCS was found in bronchus,alveolus epithelium,smooth muscles cells and inflammatory cells in each model group(P0.01)Obvious convalescence was found after treatment(P0.05).It was indicated that the jadescreen powder could repair the COPD airway and alleviate the inflammation.[Conclusions] The traditional Chinese medicine can rectify the disbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation in COPD rats,alleviate the inflammatory reaction and can repair the COPD airway and can treat each types of COPD efficiently.


Systems and procedures for synchronizing distributed generation systems. # A system for the management and synchronization of the operation of a system of generation and power supply which includes a number generator configured to provide the power generation is disclosed distributed. In the disclosed system, a number of intelligent electronic devices coupled to distributed generators can be used to synchronize the operation of generators with the system when the generators are isolated from the system. In some embodiments, the intelligent electronic devices disclosed can control the speed of isolated generators based on synchronization information received from at least one intelligent electronic device and a signal common time.


Network Simulator-2(NS-2) is one of the most popular simulation systems that is widely used in the network community. C++ and the object-oriented Tool Command Language (TCL) are both used to write this simulator. C++ works as a background for this simulator, whereas TCL is responsible for scheduling discrete events and network configuration objects. The TCL language is used to write the code of the simulation scenario. NS-2 does not present enough graphical interfaces that could help a researcher reduce the time spent on writing long TCL scripts. Therefore, network researchers spend a great deal of time focusing on how to write the TCL simulation script, which consequently makes the simulation process more difficult. This study presents a novel tool that enhances simulation by using graphical interfaces. The graphical interface is used to create the network topology and convert it into a TCL script. Thus, the process is visualized easily, efficiently, and quickly. This work describes the Network Topology Tool(NTT),which is intended to help researchers who work under the network simulation environment of NS-2. In such a scenario, researchers can create the network topology through an interactive graphical user interface and also they can retrieve and edit it which considered a very important and unique service from the other previous works. This tool will allow professional users to focus on the development of new algorithms or architectures rather than spend time writing scripts for data processing. .


Charles Rice explores interior atmosphere in a site challenged by existing infrastructure among a generally deteriorating urban scene. Crediting the Office for Metropolitan Architecture's IIT building in Chicago with refiguring the field via the deployment of complex spatial planning, integration of the building with the elevated train rail and a highly differentiated illumination scheme, he ultimately defines the nature of interior urbanism, an urbanity and atmosphere beyond the limits of the building envelope. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Nucleocapsid protein of SARS coronavirus was cloned into the prokaryotic vector pGEX-KG, and then expressed inductively as a GST fusion protein in E.coli strain DH5α. The expressed GST N fusion protein of SARS coronavirus was purified by Gluthathion Sepharose 4B chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western Blot assay. The results of this study indicated that a prokaryotic expression vector of SARS Coronavirus N protein with high output was successfully constructed. This recombinant protein can directly used to detect SARS antibody, which has potential in studies for developing early diagnostic methods of SARS as well as SARS vaccines.;


This paper discusses the assessment of the Ukraine crisis, which began in 2013– 2014, by fi ve right-wing Eurosceptic parties of the EU, notably the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ), the UK Independence Party (UKIP), Alternative for Germany (AfD), the Dutch Party for Freedom (PVV), and the French National Front (FN). All the aforementioned parties blame the crisis mostly on the EU leadership who were eager to expand eastwards without proper consideration of such predicaments as public opinion in Ukraine and the EU as well as the interests of Russia.


Globular clusters (GCs) may harbour intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) at their centres. In these dynamically active environments, stellar-mass black holes (SBHs) sink to the centre soon after formation, due to dynamical friction and start interacting among themselves and with the central IMBH. Likely, some of the SBHs will form bound systems with the IMBH. A fraction of those will be triple systems composed of binary SBHs and the IMBH acting as a third distant perturber. If the SBH binary orbit is sufficiently inclined, it can develop Lidov–Kozai (LK) oscillations, which can drive the system to high eccentricities and eventually to a merger due to gravitational wave (GW) emission on short time-scales. In this work, we focus on the dynamics of the IMBH–SBH–SBH triples and illustrate that these systems can be possible sources of GWs. A distinctive signature of this scenario is that a considerable fraction of these mergers are highly eccentric when entering the LIGO band (10 Hz). Assuming that $\sim 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of GCs host IMBHs and a GC density in the range $n_{{\rm GC}}=0.32\!-\!2.31\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-3}$, we have estimated a rate $\Gamma =0.06\!-\!0.46\, \mathrm{Gpc}^{-3}\, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ of these events. This suggests that dynamically driven binary SBH mergers in this scenario could contribute to the merger events observed by LIGO/VIRGO. Full N-body simulations of GCs harbouring IMBHs are highly desirable to give a more precise constrain on this scenario.