Let I be an ideal in a Noetherian domain R, and let I be the integral closure of I. Let A*(I) = Ass(R/Il) for n large (it being known that for large n this set does not vary with n). Suppose that R satisfies the altitude formula. Then it is shown that P E A*(I) if and only if height P = I(Ip), the analytic spread of Ip. Introduction. Let I be an ideal in a Noetherian ring. For n > 1, let A(n) be the set of prime divisors of I", A(n) = Ass(R/In). A recent paper of Brodmann [1] shows that A(n) is constant for n large. In [5] that constant is denoted A * = A *(I). In general it is difficult to explicitly determine A * for a given ideal I, although in [5, Corollary 22] this is done for R a 2-dimensional normal domain. This paper will discuss a concept related to A *, namely A *. Let I denote the integral closure of the ideal I, and let A(n) = Ass(R/I'), the prime divisors of In. If height I > 1, [5, Proposition 7] shows that A(n) is constant for large n. That constant is denoted by A* = A*(I). The purpose of this paper is to characterize A* for any ideal I in a Noetherian domain satisfying the altitude formula. The characterization is P E A* if and only if height P = l(IRp), the analytic spread of IRp. Preliminaries. Throughout this paper, R will denote a Noetherian domain, I an ideal of R, and P a prime ideal of R containing I. The domain T will always be T = R[Ix] = R + Ix + I2x2 + . . ., x an indeterminate. Since T c R[x], obviously the transcendence degree of T over R is 1. We will occasionally mention the form ring of I, R/I + I/I2 + .... Note that this is isomorphic to T/IT. If (R, P) is local, we will also use the ring R/P + I/Pl + I2/PP2 + ..., which is isomorphic to T/PT. Finally, P" will be P + Ix + I2x2 + . . . in T. If (R, P) is a local domain and I is an ideal of R, then l(I) denotes the analytic spread of I. Recall that there are various characterizations of l(I). (i) If R/P is infinite and if J is a minimal reduction of I then l(I) = v(J), the minimal number of generators of J. (ii) 1(I) = height(P"/PT). (See [7] and [8] for basics on reductions and l(I).) Also by the altitude inequality (stated below) height P + TRD(T/R) > height P" + TRD(P"/P) giving height P + 1 > height P" > height(P"/PT) = I(I). Thus height P > I(I). (See [2] for more.) Received by the editors July 10, 1979. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 13E05; Secondary 13A15.


Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an important post-transplant infection. Everolimus has been documented to reduce the risk of cytomegalovirus infection in transplant recipients, but its impact on other infections is less known. The present study aimed to assess immunosuppressive regimens on TB risk in solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients via a matched case–control study. Methods From May 2005 to December 2018, SOT recipients with TB were retrospectively identified, and those without TB undergoing transplantation at the same university hospital were selected as controls. Controls and cases were matched by age (±5 years), transplant type and year (±5 years) at a ratio of 4:1. Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of TB. Results TB developed in 30 SOT recipients (13 kidney, 7 heart, 6 liver, and 4 lung) after a mean duration of 1,601 days after transplantation, with predominant lung involvement (87%). The diagnosis was made by culture in 70% and pathology in 17%. Rifamycins-based regimens were used in 27 cases, and 4 developed rejection without graft failure. A total of 106 controls were selected. At the time of TB diagnosis, cases were more likely to use everolimus than controls (27% vs. 11%, P < 0.05), but no significant differences were observed in the use of tacrolimus, cyclosporin, sirolimus, prednisolone, or mycophenolate mofetil. The median duration of everolimus use was 585 and 698 days in 8 cases and 12 controls, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that everolimus use (adjust odds ratio [aOR] 22.3, 95% conference interval [CI] 2.5–203.0) and hemodialysis (aOR 19.6, 95% CI 1.3–287.1) were independently associated with TB. Conclusion TB is more likely to develop in SOT recipients on everolimus and hemodialysis. Further studies to confirm our findings are warranted, and TB risk assessment should be performed for those receiving everolimus and hemodialysis. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


The authors examine the compatibility of price elasticity estimates obtained from store sales and panel purchase data. If the store and panel models are not comparable, comparison of the estimates could be confounded since differences could arise due to data and/or model related effects. To overcome this confound, analytically equivalent models are specified for store and panel data. This ensures that the differences in the estimates can be attributed purely to the use of different types of data. A statistical procedure, which takes into account both estimation and sampling error, is developed to formally test for the differences in the store and panel estimates. The approach is implemented on scanner databases from three categories of packaged goods. A key finding is that on average, data differences result in panel data producing price elasticities estimates that are about 31% higher (more negative) than store data. Formal statistical tests confirm that the purchase behavior of panelists is not representative of the population at store level. Finally, the authors discuss how users of scanner data can use the methodology to benchmark datasets.


ABSTRACT. Dental ceramics have achieved great way to mimic the optical and colorimetric properties having natural teeth, and today in its handling characteristics and focus efforts to achieve the perfection of the cosmetic dentistry indirectly. Unfortunately, these are not without risk to suffer an accident that damaged or fracture, especially if they are in the front and if you can not make the prosthetic replacement part for any reason, would require an urgent solution necessarily most compatible with the aesthetics accomplished, including those working with metalic substructures.


Observations have been made following the administration of KClO4, MMI TU and MTU for 2 or 7 weeks and KI for 3 weeks in drinking water to adult male rats and relation between the change in the weight of the salivary glands and the iodine metabolism has been examined using radio-iodine. The results are as follows:1) The inhibition of iodine metabolism by the thyroid gland did not always result in the decrease in the weight of the salivary glands. There seems to be little evidence of the direct relationship between the function of the thyroid gland and the salivary glands from this experiment.2) The significant iodide concentration by the salivary glands was not observed in the normal animals, and also the antithyroid drugs employed had no influence upon the concentration.


In the second part of the series of articles, the issues of the systemic organization of mathematical models for solving the problem of controlling the flows of target information in the Earth remote sensing space system are considered. A description of the interrelated mathematical models of the orbital constellation as components of the information system, the main task of which is to survey ground objects and the formation of the initial volume of information for its further processing, is presented. To calculate the time of servicing the request by the space segment, the following methods of formation are proposed: a model of the evolution of the Earth remote sensing spacecraft orbit; model for forecasting possible spacecraft correction intervals to maintain nominal orbital parameters; model for forecasting possible time intervals for on / off cycles of observation equipment; model for forecasting possible time intervals for dumping the received information to the information reception points. When calculating the cost of servicing a single request from the orbital complex, both the cost of servicing one spacecraft per unit of time and the cost of processing a single request from the ground complex were taken into account. In conclusion, a generalized form of representation of the target information flow model of the Earth remote sensing space system is proposed as an interconnected sequence of functions for changing the amount of information when an appropriate processing process (traffic change functions) is applied to it. General approaches to solving the optimization problem are considered.


In the last few years, inertial sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) in combination with magnetic sensors was proven to be a suitable ambulatory alternative to traditional human motion tracking systems based on optical position measurements. While accurate full 6 degrees of freedom information is available [1], these inertial sensor systems still have some drawbacks, e.g. each sensor has to be attached to a certain predefined body segment. The goal of this project is to develop a 'Click-On-and-Play' ambulatory 3D human motion capture system, i.e. a set of (wireless) inertial sensors which can be placed on the human body at arbitrary positions, because they will be identified and localized automatically.


In this review paper, the ways to produce organic paddy by applying appropriate organic matters without using synthetic fertilizers are discussed. The pest and disease control by biological method is also presented. Application of herbicides and all chemical substances is prohibited in uses. Organic paddy production gives benefits to the farmers and consumers in two ways, which are lower management cost with the use of organic fertilizer based on waste substances and improved environmental quality. The environmental damage attributed to methane gas emission into the air by conventional paddy cultivation practices is also covered in this paper. Methane gas emission is well known as a greenhouse gas that causes global warming problem.


Objective:To compare the effect of different dosage or different injection time of pantoprazole on 24 hour intragastric pH of duodenal ulcer.Methods:24 patients with confirmed duodenal ulcer were enrolled into this study.They were randomly divided to three well matched groups treated with pantoprazole 40mg,iv,qd,80mg,iv,qd and 40mg,iv,bid respectively.24 hour intragastric pH monitoring was performed for every patient in the second day of treatment.Results:Pantoprazole, 80mg,iv once daily maintained the intragastric pH above 3,4,6 significantly longer than pantoprazole,40mg,iv once daily and 40mg,iv twice daily.The median 24h pH with 80mg once daily was also higher than with 40mg once daily and 40mg twice daily.Conclusion:80mg pantoprazole can produce consistently higher intragastric pH, so it may be more effective in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. [


Sealing property of threaded connection in gas storage wells is of great importance to the safety operation condition of CNG filling station. Indoor leakage tests of threaded-connect pipes are conducted and mathematical models to calculate the axial and thread contact stresses are established. Moreover, finite element analysis is used to figure out the maximum equivalent Von Mises stress in threaded connection. The results show that strain and stress of tested pipes have the linear distribution regularity. Also, it can be seen from the stress nephogram that the first to fourth pairs of threads bear 40% of the whole load and if the first pair has slip phenomena, other pairs of threads would be affected easily which leads to the possibility of gas storage well leakage.


Negative surges are caused by a sudden change in flow resulting from a decrease in water depth. New experiments were conducted in a horizontal channel (L = 12 m, W = 0.5 m) to record the unsteady water depth and turbulence in negative surges. The data were collected using video imagery, acoustic displacement meters and acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV). The experimental setup was designed to record data at two different locations within the channel under controlled flow conditions. The detailed results are compared with an analytical solution and a numerical solution of the Saint-Venant equation. The results derived from the analytical solution of the Saint-Venant equations compare well to the surface elevation data recorded from the physical experiments. The numerical solution of the Saint-Venant equations accounting for some friction compared not as well as the analytical solution implying that the effects of bed friction were small.


For a high school student in the United States, participating in a sport is the most common extra-curricular activity, and approximately 50% of students do so at some point during their high school experience (Gorman, 2014). Student-athletes not only experience the regular challenges of being a student, but during their respective sport's season they also need to be involved with their sport every day, at least mentally if not physically. This includes attending many practices and competing at many events (Watt & Moore, 2001) There are several stereotypes related to student-athletes. The most common stereotypes are negative beliefs about their intellect or their academic competitiveness and integrity (Sailes, 1993; Watt & Moore, 2001). Too often people assume that student-athletes are not as smart, less motivated to try hard in academic situations, or more apt to pursue academic shortcuts when possible. Sailes (1993) notes that such negativity tends to be more pronounced for male student-athletes compared to female student-athletes. But Watt and Moore (2001) argue that these stereotypes are often unfounded, and it is unfair to believe that student-athletes are academically challenged or less successful. The current investigation addresses perceptions of the components of being a student-athlete--the student component, the athlete component and whether the components might be considered more feminine in nature or more masculine in nature. In other words, how might the student-related component and the athlete-related component be considered with respect to gender and the perceptions that go along with being either female or male? There are a variety of studies that have evaluated gender stereotypes for certain careers. These include gender-related stereotypes about school teachers, accountants, and engineers (White & White, 2006), along with secretaries, nurses, truck drivers, and construction workers (Yu, Yang, Lu, & Yan, 2014). But there are also gender-related stereotypes for participation in various sports. Jones and Greer (2011) state that females are more apt to be associated with sports such as gymnastics and volleyball; males are more apt to be associated with sports such as basketball and rugby. And studies have shown that when an athlete competes in a sport that is considered to be inconsistent with one of these gender stereotypes, then the presumed expectations that go along with the stereotype can have a negative impact on an athlete's performance (Hively & El-Alayli, 2014; Stone, ChAlabaez, & Harrison, 2012). Implicit Processing and the Primary Hypothesis One of the most influential topics in psychology over the past 20 years has been the distinction between explicit and implicit cognitive processing. Explicit processes are those that involve conscious intent and awareness. Implicit processes are those that can occur spontaneously and without conscious intent or awareness (Banaji, 2001; DeHouwer, Teige-Mocigemba, Spruyt, & Moors, 2009; Greenwald, Banaji, & Nosek, 2015). This distinction has implications for evaluating perceptions and stereotypic beliefs. To evaluate explicit beliefs, those that primarily involve explicit processes, researchers usually rely on self-report methodologies. To evaluate implicit beliefs, those that primarily occur because of implicit processes, researchers tend to use various speeded-response strategies (see Banaji, 2001; DeHouwer et al., 2009; Greenwald et al., 2015). It is the fast nature of these strategies that allows researchers to infer something about a person's beliefs at the implicit, unconscious level of awareness. Dovidio and Fazio (1992) suggest this is particularly important when evaluating beliefs that are considered personal or sensitive in nature. The reason being that for such beliefs, participants often try to present themselves in overly favorable ways. Thus, self-report information cannot always be trusted. …


Introduction. These are notes for my eight lectures given at the C.I.M.E. session on "Vector bundles on curves. New directions" held at Cetraro (Italy) in June 1995. The work presented here was done in collaboration with M.S. Narasimhan and A. Ramanathan and appeared in [KNR]. These notes differ from [KNR] in that we have added three appendices (A)-(C) containing basic definitions and results (we need) on ind-varieties, Kac-Moody Lie algebras, the associated groups and their flag varieties. We also have modified the proof (given in §7) of basic extension result (Proposition 6.5), and we hope that it is more transparent than the one given in [KNR, §7]. We now describe the main result of this note. Let C be a smooth projective irreducible algebraic curve over C of any genus and G a connected simply-connected simple affine algebraic group over C. In this note we elucidate the relationship between


Over the past two decades, video vehicle detection has grown from an unproven and emerging technology, into today what is a field proven and globally accepted detection standard. With more than 250,000 video-based sensors deployed by not less than five video detection providers, the ability for traffic engineers to virtually clone themselves, so as to "see" and document (with data) in real-time, motorist and pedestrian behavior from each intersection approach, has never been greater. Over the past two decades, the global deployment of fully adaptive traffic control systems has grown significantly in Europe, Scandinavia, Latin America, the Middle East, and Oceania, with limited deployments in North America; however that trend is rapidly changing. Fully adaptive traffic control strategies are detection intensive, based upon either heavy detection at intersection approach, stop bar, or upon exiting the intersection. Each adaptive methodology requires either the installation of many inductive loops, at the expense of multiple lane closures and ongoing maintenance costs, or the deployment of aboveground detection systems that are field proven with adaptive traffic management systems. Video detection systems have successfully operated with the most advanced fully adaptive traffic management systems since 1991 on large scale deployments. The available choices for adaptive traffic management systems have increased substantially in the past four years, signaling a growing popularity with this management strategy. Video detection, implemented now, is a prudent and forward-looking decision that will greatly lower the cost of a later upgrade to an adaptive control strategy.


When neighbors feud, lovers quarrel or nations war, the predictable remedy prescribed by the voices of reason is communication. The prevailing view is that, faced with conflict, communicating is always the right thing to do: The U.N. Security Council encourages hostile countries to "hold talks," and marriage counselors advise quarreling couples to "express their feelings." So commonplace is the prescription, that advice to the contrary seems anomalous; it's difficult to imagine the Secretary General imploring hostile nations to refrain from dialogue. The positive role of communication in the amelioration of conflict seems so obvious that the premise is seldom given serious examination. Why should communicating be so helpful? Under what conditions will communication reduce conflict? An attempt to answer such questions will be the main burden of this chapter. In large part, the answers derive from a consideration of what communication entails and what its instantiation precludes, that is, what it brings to, and demands of, particular situations. To understand the complex interplay between communication and conflict, we will first describe four Paradigms of Communication---i.e., four models of the communication process--and consider


What these studies illustrate so clearly is that learning is taking place in each community in the absence of explicit, conventional teaching. Whether as novices or experienced teachers, members of these groups were actively and successfully engaged in using the experience of teaching as a departure point for their-and their colleagues'-learning. In the absence of a conventional curriculum for professional development, different kinds of structures were in fact imposed on two of the three communities. In the


Extracted from text ... A History of South African Literature. By CHRISTOPHER HEYWOOD. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2004. xv + 296 pp. Paperback ISBN 0 521 61595 X.
Christopher Heywood has set out to show that South African literature reflects the 'bodily and
literary creolisation' of 'South Africa's four interwoven communities' (p. vii). These he labels
as Khoisan, Nguni-Sotho, Anglo-Afrikaner and Indian. To achieve this objective he has
presented his material, in accord with the title of his book, as a 'history' of South African
literature.
Heywood delivers a most readable, even penetrating summary of South African writing,
from ancient Khoisan folktales (those in ..


rim-related parameters enlarged. The authors further noted that their findings may also relate to other phenomena or conditions such as coughing or sneezing or pathological states such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease where acute or chronic increases in thoracic pressure occur (Zhang et al. 2013). Interestingly, a previous study by Krist et al. (2001) suggested a link between conditions with significant Valsalva effort and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). The authors evaluated patients with NTG for the exposure to potential, clinically undetected transient increases in IOP due to conditions causing intrathoracic or intra-abdominal pressure elevation, including playing high resistance wind instruments, weightlifting, chronic asthma and cough, obstruction of the urinary system and constipation. Among patients with NTG, there were 45% with such conditions in their medical history compared with 11% among patients with primary openangle glaucoma as control group (Krist et al. 2001). The authors concluded that this might suggest an additional pathomechanism in NTG (Krist et al. 2001). In another study, Schuman et al. (2000) investigated the association between wind instrument playing, IOP and glaucoma. The study demonstrated that high and low resistance wind musicians may experience a transient increase in their IOP while playing their instrument. Furthermore, high resistance wind musicians had a small but significantly greater incidence of glaucomatous damage than other musicians, which was related to life hours of playing. The authors speculated that the cumulative effects of long-term intermittent IOP increases during high resistance wind instrument playing might result in glaucomatous damage (Schuman et al. 2000). These two studies suggest that the risk of glaucoma is higher in patients with frequent Valsalva efforts. However, the study by Zhang et al. (2013) showed that during the VM, the increase in CSF pressure was significantly greater than the increase in IOP, so that the trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference decreased or reversed. Given that glaucoma may result from an increased trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference associated with increased IOP or decreased CSF pressure, and not from a decreased trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference, the high rate of co-occurring activities or diseases with significant Valsalva effort among glaucoma patients seems rather surprising. If frequent performance of the VM does indeed predispose to the development of glaucoma, then other mechanisms may be expected to play a pathogenic role. In a recent paper, we raised the question of whether ICP fluctuations (e.g. due to repetitive VMs) may be important in glaucoma (Wostyn et al. 2011). The effect of ICP fluctuation might be comparable with that of IOP fluctuation, which has been proposed as an independent risk factor for glaucomatous damage. We reviewed evidence indicating that cyclic shear stress may be more harmful to neurons than steady shear stress (Wostyn et al. 2011). Fluctuations in ICP could result in trans-laminar cribrosa pressure difference fluctuations and thus fluctuations in the shear stress in the retinal ganglion cell axons, ultimately leading to glaucomatous damage (Wostyn et al. 2011). Besides this repeated mechanical stress on neurons, alterations in ocular blood flow should also be considered as it has been shown that the pulsatile ocular blood flow is reduced during VM (Khan et al. 2002).


This paper proposes a dual-level adaptive law for third order super-twisting extended state observer (STESO) in a hybrid sensorless IPMSM drive. According to Lyapunov stability analysis, the coefficients of a super-twisting sliding-mode observer are often constrained by a lower limit to ensure robustness. However, when working in the wide-speed region, this constraint is too ambiguous to serve as a practical tuning guideline. A dual-level adaptive STESO is proposed using equivalent control and Lyapunov stability analysis to extend the operating range while simultaneously suppressing sliding-mode ripples. A rigorous stability analysis is presented, and a tuning guideline for guaranteeing the convergence of the whole algorithm is included. Besides, at low speeds, improvements have been made in torque ripple suppression and cross-coupling effect compensation, and their effectiveness has been validated both theoretically and practically. Several effective experimental results are presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed observer on the interior PMSM drive platform.


Corrosion prevention by organic inhibitor was providing worldwide interest in order to manage and minimize the corrosion menace. This is due to the ability of this organic inhibitor to adsorb onto the metal surface and forms a thin film to give protection and a barrier for metal surface from corrosive species. Among this type of inhibitor, organic compounds containing element such as sulfur, oxygen, phosphorus and nitrogen are the most effective. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of benzyl triethylammonium chloride (BTC) as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in sulfuric acid medium. This study was carried out by weight loss method and surface morphology. The result revealed that the inhibition efficiency of this inhibitor increases up to 60% with the increment of its concentration but vice versa with temperature. This result was also proven by scanning electron microscope. The prevention mode of this inhibitor is found to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm and the adsorption process obeying physisorption mechanism. Based on these analyses, it is concluded that BTC is potentially being used to prevent carbon steel in sulfuric acid medium.


Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is a radical method of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. In the 1990s CML became the most frequent indication for allo-HSCT worldwide. CML treatment drastically changed after tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) had been introduced into clinical practice. However, despite considerable progress achieved in treatment, low survival rate is observed in patients with CML either diagnosed at an advanced stage or characterized with resistance, TKI intolerance, and loss of response. For such patients allo-HSCT remains the only and the best treatment solution. The pre sent article discusses current views on the importance of alloHSCT for CML treatment in the era of extensive use of TKIs.


Understanding electricity consumption behavior of different groups of customers is important to ensure appropriate microgrid designs. This paper assesses segmentation among microgrid customers in Tanzania according to electricity consumption behavior. Using the k-means clustering algorithm, 821 customers are placed into clusters by mean daily electricity consumption and mean normalized load profiles. We divided customers into three distinct segments by daily consumption level: < 140, 140–450, and > 450Wh. We also found five distinct load profile clusters. Clusters with high daytime electricity use tend to be commercial customers that consume large amounts of electricity. Households exhibit large evening peaks and consume relatively small amounts of electricity. Four of five load profiles show distinct evening peaks in consumption and one shows high night time electricity use. Microgrid developers can use these clusters and customer segments either to optimize the load profile for a power system by mixing certain customer types, or optimize the power system design to a given customer base.


Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by complex symptoms, including retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, hypogonadism, renal anomaly, obesity, and diabetic mellitus. Despite the rare nature of the disease, BBS has been a subject of interest because patients manifest conditions that are commonly encountered in the general population, such as renal anomaly, obesity and diabetes. At least eight genes (BBSI-8) are known to be linked to the syndrome, and all have been cloned. Because mutations in any BBS gene give rise to a common set of symptoms that cannot distinguish which gene is affected, it has been hypothesized that all BBS proteins participate in the same cellular process. Recent studies with C. elegans showed that BBS genes are expressed exclusively in neuronal cells containing cilia but not in non-ciliated cells, suggesting that cellular activities related to ciliogenesis may be the underlying pathogenic mechanism of BBS. The regulation of the C. elegans BBS genes by a ciliogenic RFX-type transcription factor, DAF19, further provides evidence that the BBS genes are involved in cilia biogenesis andlor function. Here we show that two BBS proteins, BBS4 and BBS6, localize to the centrosome, an organelle involved in diverse cellular activities including cell division, microtubule organization, intracellular transport, and ciliogenesis. BBS4 localizes to the centriolar satellites of centrosomes and basal bodies (modified centrioles) of primary cilia. It interacts with pl50Glued subunit of the dynein motor complex, and the silencing of the gene causes the rnislocalization of a centrosomal protein, PCMl suggesting that BBS4 may function as an adaptor protein connecting the dynein motor complex and its


ZnSe increases efficiency and conserves material. Two proposed uses of zinc selenide films promise to boost performance and reduce cost of gallium arsenide solar cells. Accordingly ZnSe serves as surface-passivation layer and as sacrificial layer enabling repeated use of costly GaAs substrate in fabrication.


The characterization of integrated planar devices is a new challenge nowadays. This paper presents a new method and techniques for measuring integrated devices where their operating frequency is lower than 100 MHz. The characterization is performed by using an impedance-meter. This new method consists to measure and to determine the admittance and impedance matrices of the device in low frequencies (up to 110 MHz). These admittance and impedance matrices allow the electronic properties of the component to be determined.


The business of ICT (Information and Communications Technology) standards is more different in China than it is in Europe or in Japan.While it started out as a centralized effort over the millennia (yes,you read me right),in the past twenty years it has been driven equally by local government,state-owned enterprises and private enterprises either in standards organizations or trade associations.This has resulted in what meteorologists might call a turbulent situation.The current goals of standardization in China include:a push for quality and safety;encouraging home-grown innovation,whether regionally or nationally;influencing the direction of innovation internationally;and emphasizing market-driven approaches.Eventually China will be a formidable standards player.There is direct business value in helping Chinese companies master the art of participating in de jure and de facto standards bodies,in watching and analyzing their participation strategies - and in participating as a company or an organization because innovation is increasingly being shaped in standards.


Abstract : In the framework of combating the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances, the ITWO organised an international inter-laboratory round robin dealing with a thwarted illicit trafficking incident of a high-grade sample of highly enriched uranium (HEU). DRDC Ottawa coordinated Canada's response to the exercise, which included the participation of seven organisations, including this lab. The exercise involved a thorough forensic examination and analysis by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, nuclear characterisation of the material by six laboratories, and interpretation of the nuclear data for attribution of the materials origin by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. Overall, the analysis was successful in identifying the material and providing a reasonable interpretation of the data. This report outlines Canada's response, the lessons learned, and the way ahead in terms of combating illicit trafficking and nuclear smuggling in Canada. A comparison of Canada's results to those of the other participating countries is also presented.


Author(s): Akers, Christopher Nelson | Advisor(s): Bousso, Raphael | Abstract: There is now strong evidence of a deep connection between entanglement in quantum gravity and the geometry of spacetime. In this dissertation, we study multiple facets of this connection. We start by quantifying the entanglement of a scalar quantum field theory as a function of the curvature of its background. We then shift our focus to the AdS/CFT duality, and we prove multiple logical relationships between geometric statements in AdS and entropic statements in the CFT. Many of these proofs work in the presence of quantum corrections, and we prove under which geometric conditions entanglement wedge nesting continues to imply the quantum null energy condition (QNEC) when the CFT is on an arbitrary curved background. We also demonstrate that the non-gravitational limit of the quantum focusing conjecture implies the QNEC, given the same geometric conditions. Next, we prove the connection between the boundary of the future of a surface and the null geodesics originating orthogonally from that surface. This theorem is important for proving that the area of holographic screens increases monotonically. Finally, we derive the holographic prescription for computing Renyi entropies of a CFT with the formalism of quantum error-correction. In the process, we provide evidence that the quantum gravity degrees of freedom related to the AdS geometry are maximally-mixed.


The Energy Resources Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago conducted an energy assessment of the John G. Shedd Aquarium and Oceanarium to increase the energy efficiency of the facility, while decreasing the operating costs. Part of this effort included determining the feasibility of implementing a cogeneration system as part of the detailed energy assessment for the facility. The DOE-2.1E program was selected as tool to determine the annual electrical, cooling and heating loads for so complex a facility, and then evaluate the economic benefits of investing in a cogeneration system.


Sodium N-methyl-N-hemitetradecylfumaroyl taurine,an anionic polymerizable surfactant(surfmer),was prepared with maleic anhydride and 1-tetradecanol at 80 ℃ for 1 h,then reacting with PCl3 at 60 ℃ for 2 h and with sodium N-methyltaurine at 70 ℃ for 1 h.The product was recrystallized from 95% enthanol.The chemical structure of the surfmer was confirmed by MS and 1HNMR.The surfmer was then used with constant addition profiles in semicontinuous polymerization of vinyl acetate/butyl acrylate/VeoVa 10/hexafluorobutyl methacrylate.The conversion of monomers was 97.75%,the rate of coagulum was 0.02%,and the mass fraction of solid content of emulsion was 43.52%.Polydispersity index(PDI) of the latex was 0.02,which is lower than the limit of monodispersity(0.1).As a reference,an unreactive surfactant SDS was also used for the polymerization.Compared with SDS,the surfmer behaved better in either the stability to electrolytes or storage stability of the latex.When the films,which were prepared with SDS or the surfmer,were immersed into water after 30 days,water absorption of the film made with SDS(103.09%) was 7.52 times higher than that with surfmer(13.70%).So,polymerizable surfactant can greatly improve the water resistance of films.


In the North of Shanxi Province,there are lots of Probiems in the exploitation of intellectual resources.Such as investment,structure,development,benefit,and inclination. The main reasons for these are the old ideas,the back for ward intelligent mechanism and the lag of economy. The counterplots are renewing the ideas,developing the education,reforming the mechanism,beautifying the atmosphere and enforcing the leadership.


A half-tone phase-shifting mask (HPM) is effective in improving resolution and focus latitude of an isolated hole pattern. HPM can be fabricated by the conventional method and a practical phase-shifting technique can be realized using HPM.

The authors developed a mask-defect repair method and an opaque pattern formation technique which suppresses the peripheral exposure due to light leakage. The mask defect was repaired by blackening the defect. The formation of an opaque ring in the peripheral area of a main field was achieved by placing patterns with dimensions smaller than the resolution limit. In addition, it was found by both simulation and experiment that the focus latitude could be expanded by placing additional patterns at proper locations and by illumination of highly coherent light.


I evaluate the local economic impacts of contractions in US military personnel between 1988 and 2000. I propose a novel empirical strategy combining the synthetic control and instrumental variables methods and estimate the causal effects on the equilibrium quantities and prices of local labor, housing, and product markets. Contractions in military personnel substantially reduced local civilian employment; however, local populations adjusted quickly, mainly through reduced in-migration, resulting in small changes in wages and large declines in rental prices. Relating these empirical findings to a simple spatial equilibrium model, I show that the welfare cost for workers is small.


In recent years, the idea that constitutional modes of government are exclusive to states has become the subject both of sustained challenge and of strong defence. This is due to the development at new regional and global sites of decision-making capacities of a scale and intensity often associated with the demand for constitutional governance at state level, to the supply at these same new sites of certain regulatory institutions and practices of a type capable of being viewed as meeting the demand for constitutional governance, as well as to a growing debate over whether and in what ways these developments in decision-making capacity and regulatory control should be coded and can be constructively engaged with in explicitly constitutional terms. The aim of the article is threefold. It asks why taking the idea and associated ethos and methods of constitutionalism 'beyond the state' might be viewed as a significant and controversial innovation, and so in need of explanation and justification – a question that requires us to engage with the definition of constitutionalism and with the contestation surrounding that definition. Secondly, taking account of the various arguments that lie behind these definitional concerns, it attempts to develop a scheme for understanding certain key features of constitutionalism and of its post-state development that is able to command broad agreement. Thirdly, and joining the concerns of the first two sections, it seeks to identify the key current tensions – or antinomies – surrounding the growth of post-state constitutionalism with a view to indicating what is at stake in the future career of that concept.


Natural killer (NK) cell therapies show potential for tumor treatment but are immunologically resisted by the overexpressed immunosuppressing tumor cell surface glycans. To reverse this glycan‐mediated immunosuppression, the surface NK‐inhibitory glycan expressions need to be downregulated and NK‐activating glycan levels should be elevated synchronously with optimal efficiency. Here, a core–shell membrane‐fusogenic liposome (MFL) is designed to simultaneously achieve the physical modification of NK‐activating glycans and biological inhibition of immunosuppressing glycans on the tumor cell surface via a membrane‐fusion manner. Loaded into a tumor‐microenvironment‐triggered‐degradable thermosensitive hydrogel, MFLs could be conveniently injected and controllably released into local tumor. Through fusion with tumor cell membrane, the released MFLs could simultaneously deliver sialyltransferase‐inhibitor‐loaded core into cytoplasm, and anchor NK‐activating‐glycan‐modified shell onto tumor surface. This spatially‐differential distribution of core and shell in one cell ensures the effective inhibition of intracellular sialyltransferase to downregulate immunosuppressing sialic acid, and direct presentation of NK‐activating Lewis X trisaccharide (LeX) on tumor surface simultaneously. Consequentially, the sialic acid‐caused immunosuppression of tumor surface is reprogrammed to be LeX‐induced NK activation, resulting in sensitive susceptibility to NK‐cell‐mediated recognition and lysis for improved tumor elimination. This MFL provides a novel platform for multiplex cell engineering and personalized regulation of intercellular interactions for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.


The use of Raman spectroscopy for the study of the molecular order in triglycerides is explored, with emphasis placed on three key spectroscopic fingerprints: (i) the CH stretching region at 3000–2700 cm−1, (ii) the ester carbonyl (CO) stretching region at 1780–1700 cm−1, and the CC stretching region at ∼1200–1100 cm−1. Triglyceride polymorph and phase-dependent changes related to the aliphatic chain and glycerol backbone conformation and packing, as well as changes in local environment, are ascertained on the basis of shifts in these bands. In particular, the ester carbonyl stretching region demonstrates clear differences between triglycerides polymorphs, as changes are seen in the number, stretching frequency, and size of the modes present. Besides, phase transition enthalpies are extracted from the Raman spectra of triglycerides studied. This chapter demonstrates that Raman spectroscopy is a viable tool for the characterization of triglycerides.

Keywords:

triglycerides;
Raman;
stretching region;
polymorphism;
phase transition;
thermodynamics


Email of the presenting author: firstname.lastname@example.com Ferroelectric oxides integrated on a semiconductor substrate are of particular interest for various applications such as memory or logic devices1,2. Among the ferroelectric materials, BaTiO3 is an attractive candidate for large-scale applications compared to Pbor Bi-based compounds. It is a well-known perovskite largely studied for its dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. However, the direct epitaxy of BaTiO3 on silicon is challenging due to the oxidation of the silicon surface and due to the large lattice mismatch (4%) and thermal expansion mismatch between the oxide and the semiconductor. Moreover, the control of the ferroelectric polarization is a crucial topic for the targeted applications. The polarization must point perpendicular to the Si channel. In this study, a quantitative analysis of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images using the geometric phase analysis (GPA)3 is proposed in order to support the growth strategy of epitaxial BaTiO3 films with the desired orientation, i.e. with the c-axis of the tetragonal structure perpendicular to the Si substrate. With GPA, maps of the strain in the BaTiO3 films with respect to the Si substrate are determined with a high precision (0.1%) at the nanometric scale (1-2nm). Strain maps with improved precision (0.05%), 5 nm spatial resolution and with a large field of view (1 μm) are also proposed for selected samples, using dark field electron holography4. From these maps, the local lattice parameters and thus the tetragonality (c/a ratio) of the BaTiO3 films can be evidenced5. The HRTEM images and holograms were acquired on a Hitachi HF3300S microscope (I2TEM-Toulouse) fitted with the new aplanatic spherical aberration corrector B-COR from CEOS and a 4096x4096 camera. Growth of the epitaxial BaTiO3 films was performed by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using an SrTiO3 epitaxial buffer layer to reduce both thermal and lattice mismatches on Si (001). Different process parameters like the growth temperature and cooling conditions were explored to optimize the quality of 20 nm thick BaTiO3 films and to minimize the SiO2 interfacial layer regrowth between Si and the SrTiO3 buffer. The influence of the thickness of the SrTiO3 buffer layer on the growth mode of 10 nm thick films was examined. Finally, in order to investigate the first steps of the BaTiO3 formation, the growth behavior of thin films with thicknesses ranging from 1.2 to 4 nm (3 to 10 monolayers) was considered. 1. J. Scott, Ferroelectric memories (Berlin: Springer), chapter 2 and 12 (2000) 2. S. Salahuddin et al., Nano Lett. 8(2), 405 (2008) 3. M.J. Hytch et al., Ultramicroscopy 74, 131 (1998) 4. MJ Hÿtch et al., Nature 453, 1086 (2008) 5. C. Dubourdieu et al., Nature Nanotechnology 8, 748 (2013)


3022 Background: Indenoisoquinolines (IIQ) are non-camptothecin inhibitors of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) that have improved characteristics over camptothecin TOP1 inhibitors. IIQs demonstrate better chemical stability, produce more persistent DNA breaks induced by trapping DNA-TOP1 cleavage complexes, induce DNA breaks at different sites than camptothecins, and are not substrates for cellular export proteins. We present data from a trial of LMP744 (NSC 706744), which was the most efficacious IIQ in a canine lymphoma trial, designed to establish the safety, efficacy, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of LMP744. Methods: We conducted a multicenter phase 1 trial in adult patients (pts) with dose escalations following design 3 of the Simon accelerated titration designs. LMP744 was administered intravenously daily on d1-5 in 28-day cycles (C), starting at dose level (DL) 1 (6 mg/m2/d). Responses and adverse events (AEs) were defined by RECIST 1.1 and CTCAE v4.0, respectively. Plasma concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS with a validated assay over a range of 1-3,000 ng/mL. Paired biopsies (baseline and C1D2) were analyzed for DNA damage response markers (γH2AX, pNBS1, and Rad51) by IFA. Results: A total of 36 pts were enrolled, median age was 61 years (range 35-81), median prior lines of systemic treatment was 5 (range 2-10) and 26 pts (72%) had received prior TOP1 inhibitor therapy. One pt on DL6 (190 mg/m2/d) experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 3 hypokalemia during C1, reverting the study to a 3+3 design. MTD was established at DL6. Of 24 patients evaluable for response, 1 pt with small cell lung cancer on DL6 achieved a partial response (PR), remaining on treatment for 7C. 17 pts had stable disease (including 1 pt with an unconfirmed PR), and 6 had progressive disease. Median duration of response among pts with SD was 4.5C (range 1-28). A total of 6 pts on DL6 with colorectal cancer (n=4, all had received prior irinotecan), mesothelioma (n=1), and low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (n=1) remained on study for >6C. Treatment-related grade 3/4 AEs included leukopenia (n=9), anemia (n=4), dehydration (n=2), neutropenia (n=2) and nausea (n=2). Pharmacokinetic (PK) data for the first 17 patients suggests dose-linear PK, best fit to a 2-compartment model. Approximate half-life, clearance, central and peripheral volume values were 30 h, 90 L/h, 200 L, and 2500 L, respectively. Induction of γH2AX and Rad51 was measured in the pt with PR. Conclusions: The MTD of LMP744 was established at 190 mg/m2/d on d1-5 in a 28d C. The single agent activity of LMP744 in this heavily pretreated population was limited; however, 4 colorectal cancer pts had prolonged stabilization of disease with prior progression on irinotecan. Analyses of secondary and exploratory correlatives are ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT03030417 .


Water hyacinth, sugarcane bagasse and rice husk are major bio-organic wastes causing severe environmental problems. For their biodegradation, Eisenia fetida was used as a vermicomposting worm in outdoor open field conditions. The above wastes were mixed separately with fresh cow dung in the ratio 1 : 5 (by weight). The mixtures were vermicomposted for 90 days in pits of size 2 × 0.5 × 0.6 m (l × b × d). The population and biomass of earthworms, and C:N ratios in the resultant vermicomposts were studied at the end of experiment.


Beijing West Railway Station is additionally provided with a fixed vacuum drainage system engineering belong to the old station renovation project,which tracks between vacuum sewage discharge pipeline construction category of existing railway construction,construction difficulty is big,the tight time schedule.This paper focuses on the Beijing West Railway Station road between pipeline construction process and construction organization,provide the reference for the similar engineering.


A METHOD IS DESCRIBED WHICH IS SUITABLE FOR THE THERMOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF CEMENT AND CLINKER AND IN WHICH DIRECT READINGS OF THE RESULTS IN PER CENT ARE OBTAINED FROM THE INDICATING INSTRUMENT. WITH THIS METHOD A NUMBER OF COMPONENTS IN SUCCESSION CAN BE DETERMINED FROM THE SAME SOLUTION. FOR EXAMPLE, SULPHUROUS OXIDE, FERRIC OXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE AND SILICON OXIDE CAN BE DETERMINED FROM ONE AND THE SAME QUANTITY OF MATERIAL WEIGHED OUT FOR ANALYSIS, IF THE FOLLOWING REAGENTS ARE EMPLOYED: BARIUM CHLORIDE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SULPHUROUS OXIDE, AMMONIUM PERSULPHATE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FERRIC OXIDE, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TITANIUM OXIDE, AND HYDROFLUORIC ACID FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SILICON OXIDE. MANGANESE OXIDE, CALCIUM OXIDE AND MAGNESIUM OXIDE CAN BE DETERMINED FROM ANOTHER WEIGHED QUANTITY OF MATERIAL. IN THIS CASE THE REAGENTS ARE: POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MANGANESE OXIDE, POTASSIUM OXALATE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM OXIDE, AND DISODIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE. DETERMINATION OF THE ABOVE-MENTIONED COMPONENTS INVOLVES NO SEPARATIONS. ALSO DESCRIBED IN THE ARTICLE IS A METHOD WHEREBY THE ABOVE-MENTIONED SEVEN COMPONENTS CAN ALL BE DETERMINED FROM ONE AND THE SAME WEIGHED QUANTITY. ALUMINUM OXIDE IS DETERMINED FROM A SEPARATE WEIGHED QUANTITY, IN WHICH, AFTER PRECIPITATION OF THE SILICON OXIDE BY DEHYDRATION WITH SULPHURIC ACID, HYDROFLUORIC ACID IS USED AS THE REAGENT. /AUTHOR/


Based on the study of the background of seismic geology,we predicted the intensity of the Three Gorges reservoir-induced earthquake by improved BP model of neural network.The results show that the earthquakes of Ms6.0 will occur probably in the section of Zigui basin and Gaoqiao faults,the earthquakes of 4.5Ms6.0 will occur probably in the section of Miaohekou-Jiuwanxi,Jiuwanxi-lukouzi fault,the north bank of Qutang gorge,near the west of the Daninghe,Xiannv mountain faults,far off the of Gaoqiao fault and the south of Badong limestone area,the earthquakes of 3.0Ms4.5 will occur probably in the BadongGuandukou sand-shale stone area and the south of Badong limestone area,and those Ms3.0 in other sections.


In this paper the authors present the municipal activity of Tomsk in the area of developing a model for the integration of the youth community in the context of addressing the tasks of primary prevention of drug addiction. The fundamentals of the model as well as the stages of its development are substantiated. The administrational and methodical resourcing and the pattern of interaction of subjects, engaged in accomplishing the set objectives, are determined. The authors also present empirical data reflecting the outcome of efficiency evaluation of the municipal expertise in involvement of youth in the processes of primary prevention of drug addiction within the city environment. The method of published sources analysis, the expert evaluation method, survey, and modelling have been applied for the purpose of this paper.


The article highlights correlation questions of gender identity and professional identity formation of an adolescent individual. The following issues have been reviewed: types of gender identity of female and male adolescents, level correlation of professional identity formation with the gender and gender identity, sex-role and gender characteristics of vocational trend and vocational interest


Five bismuth(III) saccharinate and thiosaccharinate complexes, [Ph2Bi(sac)]∞1, [Bi(sac)3]n2, [Ph2Bi(tsac)]∞4, [PhBi(tsac)2]n5, [Bi(tsac)3]n6 (sacH = saccharin, tsacH = thiosaccharin), have been synthesized and fully characterized. The tendency for ligand redistribution in [Ph2Bi(sac)]∞ has been investigated in solution by NMR spectroscopy. The structures of [Ph2Bi(sac)]∞1 and [Ph2Bi(tsac)]∞4 have been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. In Ph2Bi(sac) the sac ligand is bound to a four-coordinate bismuth center via its imino nitrogen atom with an accompanying long-range Bi–O interaction. However, in the structure of [Ph2Bi(tsac)]∞ the ligand is σ-bound through the exocyclic sulfur atom, giving a thiolate complex, confirming the more thiophilic nature of bismuth(III). Both complexes consist of polymeric chain structures with formally four-coordinated bismuth atoms. The complexes were assessed for their activity against H. pylori. The activity is both ligand dependent and sensitive to the degree of ligand sub...


The central theme of this thesis is the further development of boundary element methods for the analysis of three-dimensional machine foundations, pertaining to various (translational and rotational) modes of vibration and, in particular, to high frequency response. Surface and embedded rectangular foundations are considered. The soil is assumed to behave approximately as a linear elastic material for small amplitudes of strain. The problem is formulated and solved in the frequency domain. This work includes rigorous theoretical studies, effective numerical techniques for the solution of the boundary integral equations, and efficient computer implementation of the algorithm. The derivation of the boundary integral formulation is reviewed and the dynamic fundamental solutions are examined in detail. The particular fundamental solutions for incompressible media has been derived in order to deal more effectively with these materials. Advanced integration schemes for non-singular and singular integrals have been developed in order to improve the computational accuracy and efficiency of the boundary element analysis. A novel infinite boundary element for dynamic analyses has been developed, which provides an efficient means for including far-field effects, without the necessity of explicit discrete representation outside the near field. The implementation and vectorization of the computer program using the IBM 3090-150 Vector Facility is described. Various numerical results for rectangular foundations are presented in order to illustrate the potential of the infinite boundary element formulation. Included among these are new results pertaining to the high frequency response of machine foundations.


Established was a mathematical model for the combustion in a grate-CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) compound solid waste incinerator and the formation of pollutants (CO,NOx ,SO2,HC1). The model in question includes a submodel for material distribution in an incinerator,one for carbon and volatile combustion,one for oxidization and reduction of NOx and another one for the reaction of SO2 and HC1 with CaO etc. An applicability test has been performed of the models by using the data measured during the operation of a 150 t/d and 260 t/d solid waste incinerator. By using the model,ana-lyzed was the influence of the excess air coefficient,primary air flow-rate,coal blending ratio and separation efficiency of a separator etc. on the formation of pollutants. The model can be helpful and provide a guide for the analysis and design of incinerators.


We consider a nonlocal analogue of the Fisher-KPP equation u t = J * u - u + f(u), x ∈ R, f(0) = f(1) = 0, f > 0 on (0,1), and its discrete counterpart u n = (J * u) n - u n + f(u n ), n E Z, and show that travelling wave solutions of these equations that are bounded between 0 and 1 are unique up to translation. Our proof requires finding exact a priori asymptotics of a travelling wave. This we accomplish with the help of Ikehara's Theorem (which is a Tauberian theorem for Laplace transforms).


Variation in home-range size can be related to different factors at different spatial scales. This study examined the patterns of home-range size and habitat selection of American marten (Martes am...


rVIII‐SingleChain, a novel recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII), has been designed as a B‐domain truncated construct with covalently bonded heavy and light chains, aiming to increase binding affinity to von Willebrand factor (VWF). Preclinical studies confirmed greater affinity for VWF, giving improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties compared with full‐length rFVIII.


A dual wavelength TLC scanning method for determination of triglycerides in oil of Brucea javanica has been established in this paper. The average recovery was 101.5% and the RSD was 1.7%. The result showed that the method is a good way to control and evaluate the quality of Brucea javanica.


The instrumentation of static load, with high precision, is developed to check up the accessory used in railway. The paper emphatically introduces operating principle, design of hardware and software, the problem existing in time of debugging.


The article provides a statistical analysis of government expenditures on the development of science and scientific activities in the Russian Federation. Thus, the analysis of internal costs for the development of science is based on the Strategy of Russia's innovative development, it also analyzes the structure of domestic expenditure on research and development during the period from 2010 to 2019


In this work, the interaction between polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and organic solvents was first investigated through viscometric results and the donor-acceptor electron properties. The results clearly showed that the affinity of nitrobenzene (NrBz) to PVC is higher than that of chlorobenzene (ClBz). On the other hand, the critical gel concentration Cgel* are 1.7 g dL-1 and 6 g dL-1, respectively, for the PVC/ClBz and PVC/NrBz solutions at 30°C, indicating that the polymer-solvent interaction directly affects the gelation ability. Then, the structural formation and the molecular mobility of PVC gels were investigated using pulsed 1H NMR analyses. The CPMG decaying signals from pulsed NMR measurement of the PVC gels could be decomposed into three components, reflecting respectively the proton mobility in the junction zone, in the polymer-rich phase and in the solvent-rich phase of the gel network. The solutions began to appear the fraction of junction zones at PVC concentration above 1.5 g dL-1 and 6 g dL-1, respectively, in the PVC/ClBz and PVC/NrBz solutions, while the formation of the junction zones could interconnect the polymer chains into a three-dimensional network structure macro-domain. As the immobile junction zones were formed, the mobility of the PVC chains was reduced and the mobility of the solvent molecules could also be suppressed. This phenomenon typically appeared in the polymer/poor solvent (PVC/ClBz) system. Through the observation of the diffusion property of the solvent molecules, we can clearly show that the gel network in PVC/ClBz gels is denser than that of PVC/NrBz gels.


96 normotensive women (with blood pressure no higher than 140/90) admitted to the University of Virginia Hospital between January 1966 and January 1967 with a history of toxemia were divided into groups of those presently taking oral contraceptives previous pill-takers and those who had never taken pills to determine the effects of oral contraceptive drugs on blood pressure. No significant differences were found when the entire group was used for comparison; but when 24 women taking pills were matched by age race parity arm circumference and severity of toxemia with 24 women not on the pill both systolic and diastolic pressures were higher among those using pills. However only the diastolic difference was statistically significant (0.05 level). Patients with a history of toxemia may be more susceptible to the effects of oral contraceptives in raising blood pressure.(Authors modified)


The present study is of Happiness among students pursuing graduation and post-graduation studies. This study is aimed to check happiness with reference to types of level of education and gender. The happiness scale (RHMJ) prepared by Dr. Himanshi Rastogi and Dr. Janki Moorjani (2017) was used. The sample constituted total 120 students out of which 60 are from graduation (30 boys and 30 girls) and 60 are from post-graduation (30 boys and 30 girls). The data was collected from various colleges of Ahmedabad city of Gujarat state. The data was scored and analyzed as per the norms of manual. 'F'-test was being calculated for this study. Then the result of study showed that (1) There is significant difference between the mean score of the happiness among boys and girls students. So it could be said that the boys group is having more happiness than girl group. (2) There is significant difference between the mean score of the happiness among study in graduation and post-graduation students.so it could be said that study in graduation students group is having more happiness than study in post-graduation students group. (3) There is no significant difference between interactive effect of the mean of the mean score of the happiness among gender and level of education.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of Sapylin combined with intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy for advanced colon cancer following radical operation on local recurrence, hepatic metastasis, and overall survival rate.

METHODS
From Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2005,132 patients with stage II or III colon carcinoma after radical operation were randomly divided into two groups: Sapylin combined with chemotherapy(Sapylin) group and the control group. Toxic reaction, local recurrence, hepatic metastasis, and overall survival rate between two groups were compared.

RESULTS
Both groups successfully completed the trial. There was no significant difference in toxic reaction between two groups, the recurrence and hepatic metastasis rate in Sapylin group were lower than those in the control group(9/60, 15.0% vs. 22/72, 30.6%; 11/60,18.3% vs. 22/72, 34.7%, respectively), which were statistically significant (P<0.05 respectively). The 3- year survival rate in Sapylin group was higher than that in control group(73.3% vs. 54.2%), which was statistically significant (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION
Sapylin combined with intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy can effectively decrease local recurrence and hepatic metastasis,and improve the survival in patients with advanced colon cancer following radical operation.


This paper discusses small helical antennas, and their uses in creating zero-backscattering Huygens' antennas. By using two orthogonal helical antennas, a Huygens' antenna for circular polarization can be formed. This kind of an antenna does not backscatter but directs the scattered power away from the incidence direction, when that direction is perpendicular to the axes of the helices. The antenna is complemented with a third helix, thus creating an isotropic antenna system with the same properties.


Job performance of multidisciplinary cross-functional teams are characterised by the ability of individual team members' disposition in completing the task within a given resource constraint. Prior research have established linkages between a team's personality and job performance where nature of task being a moderating factor. Majority of the studies conducted in this area have looked at job performance as a rating coded by an instructor(s) and only a few have looked at objective measures arising out of an experimental setup. In this study we have used a proprietary business simulation game designed by one of the authors and measured job performance and team cohesion using epistemic network analysis.


We numerically study the dynamics of phase-separating binary fluid, containing colloidal dumbbells anchored to the fluid-fluid interface. Extensive Lattice Boltzmann-Immersed Boundary method simulations reveal that the presence of soft dumbbells can significantly affect the curvature dynamics of the interface between phase-separating fluids, even though the coarsening dynamics is left nearly unchanged. In addition, our results show that the curvature dynamics exhibits distinct non-local effects, which might be exploited for the design of new soft mesoscale materials. We point out that the inspection of the statistical dynamics of the curvature can disclose new insights into local inhomogeneities of the binary fluid configuration, as a function of the volume fraction and aspect ratio of the dumbbells.


There is now good evidence that supernovae are a major source of interstellar dust in the Universe. We briefly review this evidence, circumstantial and direct—emphasising the uncertainties in observation and interpretation. For the evolution of dust in galaxies (particularly at very early epochs) the important distinction is made between dust formed in low or intermediate mass giant star atmospheres, and dust made rapidly from freshly-synthesised elements in massive stars and supernovae. We acknowledge the difficulties of theoretical treatment of both the formation and the survival of the cores of dust grains, but encourage further research.


Vertical junction Si cell has shown a potential to operate at high concentrations, mainly the result of reduced series resistance losses due to its low‐current/high‐voltage design, but tests and analyses have so far only shown a modest efficiency of about 20%. We perform a comprehensive optimization study and show that the conversion efficiency of vertical multi‐junction (VMJ) cells can be significantly higher, close to 30% at concentrations of 1000 and higher. Reaching this efficiency requires junction dimensions that are significantly smaller than previous VMJ cells. This may require a different approach in the fabrication process, possibly by using a monolithic method rather than the wafer stacking approach. We also show that increased photoconductivity, which is usually negligible in conventional cells, produces a significant reduction in series resistance at high concentrations making it a significant contributor to the outstanding performance of the VMJ cell at high concentration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The studies were undertaken at ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Research Farm, ARS, Mandor, Jodhpur (Agriculture University, Jodhpur), Rajasthan, India during July to October of both the 2019 and 2020. The experiment was consisted of three fertilizers (Control, Nutrient supply through straight fertilizers and Nutrient supply through customized fertilizer) and seven pearl millet hybrids ('MPMH 21', 'MPMH 17', 'RHB 177', 'RHB 173', 'HHB 67 (Improved)', 'HHB 197' and 'HHB 272') in FRBD and replicated thrice. Findings revealed, application of customized fertilizer of the grade 6:6:2:1 (N:P2O5:K2O:Zn) to pearl millet substantially enhanced Zn concentration in the roots, shoots, and leaves at panicle initiation (47.30, 54.31, 52.33 mg kg-1), 50% flowering (40.30, 50.96, 50.10 mg kg-1) and at harvest (45.27, 46.54, 47.29 mg kg-1), respectively, over control. Similarly, Fe concentration in the roots, shoots and leaves were also increased markedly due to the application of customized fertilizer. Substantially higher Zn (56.42 mg kg-1), Fe (39.50 mg kg-1), Mn (15.13 mg kg-1) and Cu (18.31 mg kg-1) concentrations in the pearl millet grain was also fetched by applying customized fertilizer. Moreover, customized fertilizer application statistically enhanced grain (2,010 kg) and straw (3,417 kg) yields over control. Among pearl millet hybrids, 'HHB 67 Improved' recorded substantially higher Zn (61.97 mg kg-1), Fe (43.98 mg kg-1) and Mn (15.46 mg kg-1) concentration in grain and Cu (25.09 mg kg-1) concentration in straw. Albeit, 'HHB 173' noticed significantly higher Cu (19.60 mg kg-1) concentration in grain. Further, among hybrids, 'MPMH 17' out yielded (1,958 kg ha-1) followed by 'RHB 173' (1,795 kg ha-1).


In a multi-server queueing system in which the customers are of several different types, it is useful to define states which specify the types of customers being served as well as the total number present. Analogies with some problems in statistical mechanics are found fruitful. Certain generating functions are defined in such a way that they satisfy a system of linear equations. Solution of the associated eigenvector problem shows that the steady-state probabilities for states in which all the servers are busy can be represented by a weighted sum of geometric probabilities.


Abstract This article reports a study of the interlinkages among remittance receipts, household-level investment and the changing emigration patterns in Kerala, using seven rounds of the Kerala Migration Survey conducted between 1998 and 2018. The major findings suggest that remittances improved households' per capita income and changed their spending patterns. Households receiving remittance, on average, spare a relatively larger share of monthly income on the consumption of non-food durable goods. Moreover, receipts of remittance also enable the households to save, to invest more on assets, land and buildings, and to form human capital (through increased share of spending on education and health). Households which devote a large share of spending on education and health also report a relatively high share of skilled emigration to either Global North or Oceania regions, instead of the traditional low-skilled Gulf emigration. Hence, policies that help boost these new emigration trends are likely to sustain the growth of remittance inflows and the process of overall socio-economic development in Kerala.


Uniform patterned implantation apparatus for treating a vaginal prolapse in a patient with a uniform non-woven support portion having a plurality of wave-shaped bracing members which are connected together at a plurality of fixed joints and extend from these out to have a plurality of substantially identical, repetitive cells, the cavities to define; and first and second opposite anchor portions with a from the carrier portion of effectively extending rod and a tissue anchor at a distal end of the rod, wherein the tissue anchor comprises one or more suitable angled prongs for tissue fixation.


This paper analyzes the international expansion strategies of service multinational corporations (MNCs) in the developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region, using data on 180 large MNCs in ten service industries over the 1980-1986 period. The results of a logistic regression model show that international experience has a significant effect on the international expansion strategies of service MNCs in the Asia-Pacific region. Two factors that may enhance or limit the ability of firms to expand, culture and firm size, are examined, as are two strategies for expansion, client-following and follow the leader patterns in service international expansion.


Porous stable metal-organic films can be processed under mild conditions by the hydrolysis of carboxylic acid and titanium isopropoxide mixtures. It is of importance to establish the structure of such materials. Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique in determining structural changes in titanium isopropoxide carboxylate solutions, but weak scattering does not allow for study of thin films unless surface enhancement is used. In an attempt to elucidate the relationship between coating solutions and the final structure of a cast film, we discuss Raman spectra of precursor solutions in a variety of conditions.


Discharge of organic dyes from different industries into receiving rivers and natural streams poses serious problems for the environment because of their toxicity. These dyes are not readily biodegradable and therefore, their removal from effluents is urgent. Various methods used for removal of dyes from wastewater, such as coagulation, ﬂocculation, filtration or reverse osmosis are quite expensive and have a low removal efficiency. On the contrary, Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using metal oxide semiconductors like ZnO, are capable to operate effectively and efficiently to degrade many dye pollutants.

In this work, ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via a simple solvothermal method with different solvents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging showed that nanoflower, nanorod, and nanosphere ZnO particles were produced when water, 1-hexanol, and ethylene glycol were used as the solvent, respectively. Nanoflower ZnO particles exhibited higher photocatalytic reduction efficiencies under UV light irradiation than nanosphere and nanorod particles. Results suggested a close relationship between the photocatalytic activity and the particle morphology and size which was due to using different solvents in preparation processes. Also, the recovery of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated and samples showed stable photodegradation efficiencies after being reused for three times.


For supplying defects of weighing and bagging machines available on the market,the bulls filling control systems based on time-self-calibration has been developed. The system's flexibility and versatility has been improved and filling heads of filling system has been expended easily by the hardware structure of the system using distributed control system(DCS);the control precision has been controlled by the software using error compensation of weight feedback;on the one hand the method of the self-calibration control reduced the entire system filling time,and on the other hand it ensured the consistency of multiple filling heads,improving the system's ability of adapting to different filling liquids.


In this letter, we report a new and extremely rapid technique for surface modification, which we term laser activation modification of semiconductor surfaces or LAMSS. This method consists of wetting a semiconductor surface (e.g., silicon or germanium) with a reactive compound and then firing a highly focused nanosecond pulse of laser light through the transparent liquid onto the surface. The high peak power of the pulse at the surface activates the surface so that it reacts with the liquid with which it is in contact. Evidence for functionalization of the spots is given by ToF-SIMS imaging and small-spot XPS.


A composition operator Tbf = f o b is completely continuous on H1 if and only if lbl < 1 a.e. If the adjoint operator Tb is completely continuous on VMOA, then Tb is completely continuous on H1 . Examples are given to show that the converse fails in general. Two results are given concerning the relationship between the complete continuity of an operator and of its adjoint in the presence of certain separability conditions on the underlying Banach space.


To measure normal values of VO2 in sedentary healthy females aged 18-25 years. To know normal values of VO2 in sedentary healthy females aged 18-25 years. 20 healthy females aged 18-25 years were selected as per the inclusion & the exclusion criteria. The study was conducted after taking consent from the subjects, personal details were obtained through performance, instructions about the procedure were given and required materials were used. Normal values of VO2 were measured using power lab machine with the treadmill. VO2 values of healthy females appear lower than those standards reported for females of comparable age, weight, and height in western countries. Current study presented normative data of VO2 in sedentary healthy females aged 18-25 years


ObjectiveTo study the changes of cardiac function, liver function, renal function and serum levels of calcium, magnesium and glucose of neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Myocardial enzymes , parameters of liver funtion, urea nitrogen(BUN), calcium, magnesium and glucose of the blood in 87 cases with HIE and 20 normal controls were detected by Hitachi 7170A Automatic Analyzer. All blood samples were obtained within three days after birth . The urine samples were examined at the meanwhile.The serum levels of myocardial enzymes, alanine transaminase(ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and total bilirubin were significantly higher in HIE group than those in control group(P 0.05 ). The levels of calcium and magnesium were lower in HIE group than those in control group(P0.01). The incidences of renal involvememt and hyperglycemia were higher in HIE group than in control group(P0.05).[Conclusion]Multiorgan damage may accompany with HIE in neonates. It is necessary to monitor other organs' function intimately and protect them during concerning with brain damage.


Many approaches are available for the analysis of continuous longitudinal data. Over the last couple of decades, a lot of emphasis has been put on the linear mixed model. The current paper is dedicated to an overview of this approach, with emphasis on model formulation, interpretation and inference. Advantages as well as drawbacks are discussed, and guidelines are given for general statistical practice. Special attention is given to the problem of missing data, i.e., the case where not all data are present as planned in the original design of the study.


: This paper aims to study the reporting and disclosure of the human resource asset of manufacturing companies enlisted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) and the extent to which such reporting affects the financial and operational performances of the selected manufacturing companies. To achieve this, the discourse attempts to specifically study the application of human resource as a vital asset which requires adequate reporting by listed companies as well as evaluate the positive or negative implications such reporting has on the performances of the companies. The study adopted ex-post-facto research design. Secondary data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Data were collected from the financial statements of ten (10) manufacturing companies which participate in stock trading transactions of the NSE regularly. The financial statements data were analysed using profitability for operational performance and leverage for financial performance of the ten (10) listed firms. Findings of the study reveal that the profitability of manufacturing firms have significant influence on operational performance while financial leverage indicates that there was a positive relationship between the variables i.e. an increase or decrease in financial leverage will have great effects on financial performance. The study concludes from its findings that adequate remuneration and incentives have significant relationship with operational and financial performance. The study therefore recommends that manufacturing firms should report all expenditure or investments incurred on human resource ranging from recruitment processes, remuneration, cost of training and development to incentives packages in their annual report. This will increase the value and relevance of the information content of their financial statements and hence improve the firm productivity likewise impact positively on the share price of the firm. It was also recommended that there should be an effective system of communicating employee benefits to the organization staff.


The E5 oncoprotein of bovine papillomavirus type 1 is the smallest known viral transforming protein. It is a 44 amino acid polypeptide asymmetrically oriented in Golgi and plasma membranes which appears to modify (either directly or indirectly) the internalization and phosphorylation of at least two growth factor receptors: EGF and CSF‐1. To identify cellular proteins associated with E5, we have constructed two E5 fusion proteins, each of which contains a well‐characterized epitope at the E5 amino terminus. These E5‐epitope fusion proteins are biologically active, localize normally to cellular membranes and form dimers. Both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against the inserted epitopes specifically co‐precipitate E5 and an associated 16 kd cellular protein. A transformation‐defective E5 mutant containing a substitution within the hydrophobic portion of E5 is defective in its ability to bind the 16 kd protein. These findings suggest a role for E5/16 kd binding in the process of cellular transformation.


The article examines the research in the field of artistic interpretation of musical compositions by performers. The authors shows how the development of artistic interpretation of music by a windmusician can be accomplished as a result of using in the educational process achievements of phylosophy, pedagogics, psychology, related kinds of art, culturologie. In the process of artistic interpretation of a musical composition you can observe the development of musical skills, creative thinking, imagination and artistic taste of the learner.


Age and growth of the Pacific pomfret, Brama japonica, were independently estimated with presumed daily increments within otolith microstructure and MULTIFAN analysis of length–frequency distributions obtained from drift net fisheries. Likelihood ratio tests detected significant differences between sexes and geographic areas in von Bertalanffy parameter estimates from otolith analysis. Otolith interpretations indicated that the species is short lived (age 3+), fast growing (growth coefficient (K) > 1.1), and fully recruited to the North Pacific squid drift net fishery at < 1 yr old. Back-calculated hatching dates indicate a protracted spawning period. MULTIFAN models fit the length–frequency data with an assumption of both annual and biannual recruitment. Growth parameter estimates were asymptotic fork length (FL∞) = 49.9 cm, K = 0.57 for an annual cohort model, and FL∞ = 49.4 cm, K = 1.0 for a biannual cohort model. The growth model derived from otolith increment counts is closer to the MULTIFAN model th...


Antigen 85(Ag85) complex is synthetic secretion BCG that can stimulate organism to produce cell immune and body fluid immune response.It can remarkably stimulate cell immune to strengthen.High-effective gene recombinant plasmid pTrcHisB-Ag85A was constructed in this study,and transferred into E.coli TOP10 to carry out recombinant protein expression,then screen for transformants,test molecularly for protein expression by SDS-PAGE,and further test for confirming the recombinant protein expression of Ag85A with its monoclonal antibody through Western Blotting,thus to construct prokaryotic expression system of Ag85A to lay a foundation for further preparation effective recombinant Ag85A vaccine.


Simulation results of thermal processes produced in bare SM optical fiber under longitudinal mechanical stress and heated with a source moving along it are presented. The purpose of this analysis was to study the thermal processes developed in the fiber during transforming into an optical microfiber-optic fiber nanowire.


In this paper, an inductive SFCL is proposed and designed to achieve the LVRT requirement of WECSs. Hence, this study represents a new SFCL-based protection scheme for wind farms including DFIG and PMSG systems. The accurate model of inductive SFCL with state transition based on value and duration of fault current is presented for simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The main objectives of using this proposed scheme are limiting and damping the peak values of the DC-link voltage, rotor current, stator current and electromagnetic torque oscillation of WECSs when a fault occurs. Also, after the fault clearance, the proposed scheme can provide transient recovery process smoothly. To evaluate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed scheme, 6-MW DFIG system and 8-MW PMSG system are considered as a large-scale wind farm. The performance evaluations and comparisons demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme in improving the LVRT capabilities of WECSs.


Lots of geographically distributed designers are usually involved to accomplish a complex design task and creativity and amenity of artifacts are more and more emphasized, so researches on cooperative creative conceptual design system are valuable both theoretically and practically. This paper firstly identifies some major requirements of cooperative creative conceptual design system. Then, creative genetic algorithm based on simple genetic algorithm is proposed to serve as creative mechanisms and methods. The design and development of prototype TripleCDS is described and some typical design images are shown, so the creative mechanisms and methods and prototype are validated


A robust control is discussed for a certain class of nonlinear mechanical and distributed parameter systems whose desired state may correspond to a mechanical energy level of zero. In such systems, the control objectives are achieved by only dissipating their physical energy. The design procedures were formulated to obtain an asymptotically stable controller. As application examples, the load-swing suppression control of a crane system and the vibration control of a flexible arm where demonstrated. The controllers were found to have large robustness against the changes of the parameter values of the system, as predicted by the theory.<<ETX>>


XMM-Newton observations of the bright Seyfert 1.9 galaxy MCG -5-23-16 have revealed a broad Fe Kα emission line that is nearly symmetric in contrast to the broad and redshifted asymmetric Fe Kα line sometimes observed from Seyfert 1 galaxies. The Fe Kα line has two distinct components—a narrow unresolved component with an equivalent width of ~40 eV and a broad component with a FWHM of ~40,000 km s-1 and an equivalent width of ~120 eV. An absorption feature at ~7.1 keV has also been observed. The energies of the emission and absorption features are consistent with those arising from neutral iron. The broad component is consistent with a Fe Kα emission line expected from a relativistic accretion disk around a Schwarzschild or Kerr black hole. Alternatively, most of the flux in the broad component could also be modeled as reflection emission, which mimics emission line-like features because of the presence of iron K-shell edge at ~7.1 keV; however, the reflection fraction, R ~ 3, is much higher than that inferred from the BeppoSAX observations (R ~ 0.5). The disk inclination angle of ~47°, inferred from the disk-line fits, and the absorption column (NH ~ 1022 cm-2), inferred from the low-energy spectral curvature due to photoelectric absorption, suggest that our line of sight passes through the outer edge of a putative torus and are consistent with those expected for a Seyfert 1.9 galaxy falling within the unification scheme. The strength of the narrow iron Kα emission and the optical depth of the iron K absorption edge suggest their origin in the putative torus with NH ~ 1024 cm-2 in the inner regions and NH ~ 1022 cm-2 in the outer edges. The strength of the broad component of Fe Kα varied by a factor of ~2 between the two XMM-Newton observations taken ~6 months apart, while the narrow component of Fe Kα and the continuum flux did not appear to vary appreciably. There is evidence for a weakening in the strength of the broad iron Kα emission with the flattening of the observed continuum. This can perhaps be explained if the shape of the continuum is coupled with the ionization stage of the reflector.


ABSTRACT The material under examination was the grain of winter wheat cultivar Rysa from a field experiment carried out during a three-year-period (2000-2003) in ODR Kalsk. The effect of increase level of nitrogen fertilization (90, 120 and 150 kg N · ha -1 ) and retardants (Bercema, Cerone, Bercema and Cerone) on the baking value of wheat were tested. Total wheat flour protein and gluten content increased significantly with increasing in nitrogen fertilization dose. Agricultural factors had no significant influence on the gluten quality, Zeleny test and water absorption. Higher doses of the nitrogen fertilization had positive effect on the α-amylase activity and the rheological dough properties. An increase in nitrogen fertilization caused an increase in dough development time and stability time but decrease its softening. Bread wasn't differed with agrotechnical factors and was characterized by high volume and regularly crumb porosity. Key words: baking value, nitrogen fertilization, retardants, winter wheat.


ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the applicable credit policies related to the value of Non-Performing Loans and the effect Loan to Deposit Ratio of Non-Performing Loans in the Bank Sinar. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and simple linear regression. The analysis showed (1) the applicable credit policy Bank Sinar been effective in suppressing the value of Non-Performing Loans below 5 percent. (2) There was a negative and significant correlation between the variables with the loan to deposit ratio of Non Performing Loans. From the calculation of the t-test showed significance level 0.003 is smaller than the value of ? = 0.05, so we can conclude that H 0 is rejected and H a accepted. Keywords: credit policy, LDR, NPL


The Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) Antenna is very pleasing due to low profile appearance and high gain characteristic. Recent research on RLSA is to produce a light weight, durable and easy fabrication process. Thus, FR4 is an alternative substrate to replace the polypropylene. This paper presents a comparison of polypropylene and FR4 dielectric substrate for linear polarized Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) antenna at 5.8 GHz frequency. Both antennas implemented the same radiating slot design in an antenna with diameter of 200mm. The results show an improvement of radiation pattern using FR4 dielectric substrate as compare to polypropylene dielectric base. However, the reflection coefficient for polypropylene substrate show specific resonant at 5.8GHz frequency while FR4 substrate introduce multiple resonant. This paper also suggested FR4 board can be a potential substrate and major component for RLSA antenna development in future.


Our general objective is to present an extension of the established theories of the multinationality-performance relationship. In methodological terms, it is an in-depth study based on an extensive review of the literature. The proposed conceptual model includes the contextual factors, like Firm, Industry and Home-Country Factors. Through the contextual factors, the model gives a broader insight and a detailed explanation of the influencing factors of the multinationality-performance relationship. This study explains by the conceptual model the current status quo of literature in the field of multinationality-performance relationship and analyzes its shape and behavior.


The Final Act of the Congress of Vienna (June 9, 1815) ratified the Balance of Powers principle, Poland's partition among Russia, Prussia, and Austria, and the westward advance of the Tsarist Empire into Europe. At the same time, the Vienna settlement tried to restore Central and Western European frontier lines to-more or less-what they had been before the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. A hundred years later, in 1914, the map was to show notable changes with a fair number of states unified or built anew, namely (in chronological order): Serbia, Greece, Belgium, Italy, Romania, Hungary (in the form of Austro-Hungarian dualism), Germany, Bulgaria, Norway, and Albania. Irrespective of size and importance, in every case there was a chronological period of special significance for each one of these states. For Romania, this phase started in 1859/61 when the two Principalities united under Prince Cuza, a union officially recognized by the Ottoman government and the Guaranteeing Powers, and ended in 1871 when the first stable government was formed in Bucharest after years of continuous dissent and changes. Paul Michelson's volume focuses precisely on this interval. The study is based on a wide documentation: archival sources (from Romanian, mainly, and also British archives) and an impressive number of published sources-including speeches, documents, memoirs, and correspondences, as well as articles and monographs. All significant Romanian and other references have been checked and included in 743 footnotes (accounting for some 28% of the 327 pages). The analysis is focused on the establishment of a new political system in the new Romanian state, based on pluralism and the formation of political parties. The evolution is viewed in terms of "conflict and crisis," essentially as defined by Harry Eckstein (Internal War, New York: The Free Press, 1964) and Ralf Dahrendorf (Essays on the Theory of Society, Stanford University Press, 1968). The emergence of a multiparty system in a country with almost no previous experience in this regard is scrutinized with genuine insight into the hard realities and age-old patterns of thought that prevailed in the country at the time, and with a firm critical approach, resulting in a balanced interpretation of events and developments. Some examples of the important factors that are well evaluated by Michelson would be: the external constraints imposed by "a hostile Ottoman Empire, a suspi-


Catalysis of several mixed oxide solid acid catalysts for esterification of acetic acid with ethylene glycol has been described. In esterification reaction influence of catalyst amount, reaction time and promoter used in preparation of supported catalysts has been studied. All the supported catalysts were prepared using wet impregnation technique. The X-ray diffraction profiles of zirconia based samples exhibited presence of tetragonal ZrO2 phase. It was testified that the Mo/ZrO2 catalyst was effective catalyst for esterification of acetic acid with ethylene glycol. Higher activity of Mo/ZrO2 is attributed to presence of greater amount of tetragonal phase of ZrO2and higher surface acidity.


Abstract Foam spray-dried whole milks prepared from concentrates foamed with nitrogen, air from cylinders, and air from a plant-installed compressor were compared regarding certain physical properties and flavor, initially and after oxygenfree storage for 3 and 6 months at 4C. No evidence was found for variations in either physical properties or flavor attributable to the foaming gas used. It is concluded that air can safely be substituted for nitrogen in preparing foam spray-dried whole milk.


Abstract Gratiola amphiantha (Granite Pool Sprite or Little Amphianthus) is a federally threatened plant species found in solution depressions formed on granite outcrops of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. In Alabama, its distribution has recently been reduced from 3 to 2 counties along the eastern border in 8 small pools totaling less than 10 square meters. This study was initiated to monitor population numbers in Alabama, identify new populations, and make recommendations for the conservation of this species. Counts of individuals and pools were made in 2012 and 2013 at Penton (Chambers County) and Almond (Randolph County); a third site at Wehadkee Creek (Randolph County) was added in 2016. Numbers of individuals per pool differed dramatically; Pool P-3 dropped 72% from 2012 to 2013 before recovering partially (to -36%) in 2016. Densities were calculated for the larger pools, with Pool A-1 reaching 32.41 plants per 10 cm2 in 2016. Because of habitat loss due to human disturbance—quarrying, recreational use, and dumping—G. amphiantha are close to extirpation in Alabama. A recovery plan, featuring the purchases of key properties, removal of competing vegetation, and the transferring of seed banks to additional pools, should be immediately implemented.


Purpose: To present a case series of patients with thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) who were treated with the hybrid repair technique. Materials and Methods: From January 2009 to April 2013, TAAA patients who were treated with the hybrid repair technique were retrospectively reviewed. Results: There were three cases of hybrid repair performed during the study period. Aneurysm morphology included type IV TAAA in two patients and suprarenal in one patient. The average aneurysm diameter was 82.6 mm (range 73 to 91 mm). Technical success was obtained in all patients. Graft thrombosis occurred at a rate of 30% (3 in 10 visceral bypass grafts), which resulted in mesenteric ischemia and transient renal insufficiency. The average hospital length of stay was 53 days, with a median ICU stay of 11.3 days. Conclusion: Hybrid surgery could be considered a bridging measure between open and fenestrated/ branched endograft. The surgical technique will remain a robust and adaptable method of treating this complex and life-threatening disease in individuals with unfavorable anatomy.