Under the background of intensifying global change, the frequent occurrence of agrometeorological disasters has an adverse impact on the social economy. Low-temperature weather in spring is one of the main agrometeorological disasters in Xinjiang. Studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of low temperatures in spring in Xinjiang is of great significance. However, research on the spatiotemporal variation of spring frost in arid areas is currently lacking, which limits our understanding of the occurrence and development mechanism of typical disastrous weather events in arid areas. Therefore, on the basis of the daily meteorological data of 40 meteorological stations in the Xinjiang Province of China from 1971 to 2020, we studied the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of spring frost in Xinjiang through trend analysis, the Mann–Kendall test, Kriging interpolation, and wavelet analysis. Results showed that the frequency of spring frost had the spatial trend from Northern Xinjiang to Southern Xinjiang. The occurrence frequency of spring frost in the entire and northern region of Xinjiang had an upward trend, whereas that in Southern Xinjiang showed a downward trend. Severe and moderate spring frost events mainly occurred in Xinjiang. The duration of spring frost had the characteristics of Northern Xinjiang to Southern Xinjiang. The spring frost in Northern Xinjiang mainly occurred in April, and that of Southern Xinjiang was in March. Obvious 15-, 10-, and 20-year oscillation cycles were observed in the occurrence frequency of spring frost in the entire, southern, and northern regions of Xinjiang, respectively. This study can provide a useful reference for the prediction and research corresponding to the occurrence mechanism of spring frost in arid areas.


Spectral and Time domain OCT (STdOCT) is a data analysis scheme proposed for sensitive Doppler imaging. In this work we show that it has an additional feature: when compared to those created using complex or amplitude averaging, tomograms prepared using STdOCT have the highest contrast to noise ratio and preserve high signal to noise ratio and image dynamic range. Images of uniformly scattering phantom as well as images of human retina in vivo prepared with three different techniques are shown.


The effect of the wind speed and direction on the arrays in a 50 kW plant was analyzed along several days. The wind is measured in different positions of the plant: the general plant meteorological station, the module's boundary layer and the close surroundings of the array. The averaged thermal resistance between the back of the module and the ambient is calculated and its dependence with the wind direction analyzed. Early results suggest that Northern wind has a better cooling effect than Western and Eastern winds.


The present invention relates to a conductive film which comprises a carbon nanotube network structure layer and a plurality of conductive nano particles, the carbon nanotube network structure layer having a plurality of mesh holes, the plurality of conductive particles fill the plurality of nano net hole . The conductive film, the net hole through the carbon nanotube network structure layer filled with a conductive nano-particles, to improve the electrical conductivity. The present invention further relates to a method for producing one of the above conductive film.


COVID-19 typically causes respiratory disorders, but several COVID-19 patients (30–60%) manifest also a wide range of neurological conditions, advocating for detrimental effects of SARS-CoV-2 or Spike (S) protein on the central nervous system. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these disfunctions as well as the potential neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2, are still under investigation. To assess this issue, by using iPSC-derived-human brain organoids (HBO) we evaluated: the expression of SARS-CoV-2 main receptors: ACE2, CD147, NRP1, Furin, TMPRSS2 (qPCR, IF); their infectability by SARS-CoV-2 over-time (QPCR, TCID50, IF); and the effect of SARS-CoV-2-infection and S exposure on HBO transcriptome (qPCR) and secretome (Multiplex ELISA). All the main SARS-CoV-2 receptors are expressed by HBO with lower NRP1 levels compared to CD147 and ACE2. By analyzing viral N1and N2gene sequence over time, infectability of VeroE6 cells by SARS-CoV-2 infected HBO supernatants, and nucleocapsid expression by IF we confirmed that HBO may be productively infected by the virus. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection was accompanied by the activation of apoptotic and stress pathways (caspase3, caspase8, Bcl2, S100B), inflammatory process (CCL2, NLRP3) Interferon Stimulated Genes (IFITM1, IFITM3, STAT1, NFkB) and antigen presentation pathway (ERAP1, ERAP2, HLA-A, TAP). Notably, the trend of the different targets was comparable following SARS-CoV-2 infection and S-stimulation.
 These results confirm that SARS-CoV-2 infect HBO probably by binding CD147 and ACE2 receptors and indicate that the exposure to the S protein can affect their homeostasis and exert neurotoxic effects presumably driving the so called long-COVID symptoms.
 Partially supported by grants from Fondazione Alessandro and Vincenzo Negroni Prati Morosini and Fondazione Romeo and Erica Invernizzi.


The effects of Eugynon on selected measures of thrombocyte function were studied in 32 patients. Blood samples were taken after 1 4 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. No changes were observed in bleeding time in vitro and in vivo platelet adhesiveness platelet distribution and clot retraction. Nonsignificant increases in thrombocyte count and platelet aggregation were also seen. No evidence of significant change in thrombocytic hemostasis was observed after 3 months treatment with Eugynon.


................................................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the Study ...................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Marketing Strategies ...................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Strategy Implementation................................................................................ 3 1.1.3 Firm Performance .......................................................................................... 4 1.1.4 Kenya Vision 2030 ........................................................................................ 6 1.2 Research Problem ................................................................................................. 7 1.3 Research Objective ............................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................... 11 2.


Purpose
Data on relationship between dietary intake of sodium and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk are scarce. This paper aims to find the possible association between sodium intake and NAFLD.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a case-control study on NAFLD patients proven by a gastroenterologist using Fibroscan, and age-matched controls. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire.

Findings
In the multivariable-adjusted model, after adjustment for potential confounding variables, participants in the highest tertile of sodium intake had a greater risk of developing NAFLD (OR= 2.42; 95% CI: 1.13–5.15) compared to those in the lowest tertile of sodium intake (p-value = 0.023). In sub-analysis, subjects with BMI ≥ 25 in the third tertile of sodium intake had higher risk of NAFLD compared to those in the lowest tertile of sodium intake [(OR: 3.95; 95% CI: 1.75–8.90), (p-value = 0.001)]. However, no significant association was found between tertiles of energy-adjusted daily sodium intake and NAFLD prevalence risk in participants with BMI < 25.

Originality/value
The findings revealed that higher sodium intake is related with a higher prevalence of NAFLD, an association that can be partly mediated through obesity.


Continued investment and development of cyberinfrastructure (CI) for water science research is transforming the way future scientists approach large collaborative studies. Among the many challenges, that we as a community need to address, are integrating existing CI to support reproducible science, enabling open collaboration across traditional domain and institutional boundaries, and extending the lifecycle of data beyond the scope of a single project. One emerging solution for addressing these challenges is HydroShare JupyterHub which is an open-source, cloudbased, platform that combines the data archival and discovery features of HydroShare with the expressive, metadata-rich, and self-descriptive nature of Jupyter notebooks. This approach offers researchers a mechanism for designing, executing, and disseminating toolchains with supporting data and documentation. The goals of this work are to establish a free and open source platform for domain scientists to (1) conduct data intensive and computationally intensive collaborative research, (2) utilize high performance libraries, models, and routines within a pre-configured cloud environment, and (3) enable dissemination of research products. This presentation will discuss our approach for hydrologic model simulation, sensitivity analysis, and optimization applications in this platform by establishing a generic CI pattern that can be adopted to support research, classroom, and workshop activities.


Management is an activity capability or skill which includes setting, as well as organizing which has the goal of achieving educational activities effectively and efficiently. Thus, for educational developers it is especially important to understand as a basis for the process of achieving goals. The goal is so that it can run as expected, something that is realized that describes a certain scope, in the implementation and supervision management manages all resources such as educators, costs, machines, markets, time, methods, materials, and all information to achieve the goals set. efficient. Education Management has the goal of forming the personality of students to fulfill the goals of education according to development or improvement based on educational goals, also to achieve educational goals and objectives. The aim of education management is also to educate the life of the nation and develop the whole person, as well as to become a human being who has faith and is devoted to God Almighty and has noble character, has broad knowledge and skills, is physically and spiritually healthy, has a strong and independent personality and has a sense of responsibility. social and national responsibility.
Keywords: Management, Scope of Management, Education.


Optical rotation can be used to detect the presence of helical configurations of the polypeptide chains in proteins, to determine screw sense, and to estimate the extent of helical regions ( 1 ) . Moffitt's theory ( l a ) of rotatory dispersion for helical macromolecules has been successfully applied to synthetic polypeptides ( 2 ) and to proteins (2, 3 ) , and at the present time it may be applied empirically to estimate a-helix content. Globular proteins have been shown to have relatively low ( 2 ) and fibrous proteins to have relatively high ( 3 ) helix content. We have examined the amino acid composition of proteins which belong to the keratin-myosin-epidermin-fibrinogen class (KMEF proteins) to account for the wide variation in amount of a-helix present; in this report we demonstrate a striking correlation between proline content and extent of helical configuration. Table 1 lists data obtained by proline determinations using the method of Troll and Lindsley ( 4 ) . Helix content is based on rotatory dispersion measurcmcnts reported previously ( 3 ) . Wc assume for this discussion that light mcromyosin fraction I is 100-percent helical and that the helices have a single sense of twist. Fragmentation of myosin by tryptic digestion into light meromyosin and heavy meromyosin corresponds to a fractionation into one component relatively poor and one relatively rich in proline. Furthermore, the light meromyosin may be separated by ethanol into two fractions differing in prolinc content, one of which (light meromyosin fraction I ) remains soluble after treatment with ethanol concentrations of 50 percent (volume by volume) or higher and represents about 25 percent of the intact myosin by weight ( 5 ) . In each case, the higher the a-helix content, the lower the amount of proline present. These results suggest that proline interferes ~v i th the formation of the a-helical configuration. By adopting a very simple model for the a-proteins consisting of helical and nonhelical regions, one may estimate the disordering effect of a single proline residue, assuming that the proline is distributed statistically. Table 1 shows that, on the average, each proline residue is associated with 15 to 20 residues (hence several helical turns) not participating in the right-handed a-helical configuration in aqueous solution. In nonaqueous solution, this effect may be decreased ( 2 ) . These obsenlations are supported by model building from which it is seen that the pyrrolidines do not fit well into a right-handed a-helix. Available data on proteins other than the KMEF series show a generally similar correlation of proline and helix content. On the basis of dispersion studies (2, 3 ) , onc may take the specific rotation of n ~ t i v e proteins in aqueous solution as inversely proportional to the a-helix content. Thus, a fully-coiled right-handed a-helix may be characteri7ed by [a',, r O 0 ( 2 ) and nonhelical chains by ;a], LZ 100' 16). Globular proteins have rotations [a:, r30' to 60°, correspondin? to low helix content of about 30 to 40 percent ( 2 ) . Tristram's compilations ( 7 ) show that these proteins contain from 3 to 8 percent proline, corresponding to values expected from the data given above on the KMEF series. Exceptions such as lysozyme, insulin, and avidin having less than 2 percent proline might be accounted f o r by sulfur or phosphorus cross-linka~es which may interfere with a-helix formation. I t should be noted that such cross-linkages, as well as sidechain interactions, may stabili~e or disrupt helical confiqurations (8 ) . Thus the KhfEF proteins discussed above, having few if any sulfur cross-linkages (fibrinown cxccpted), provide simpler systems for thiq correlation than do thc "globular" proteins ( 9 ) . Proline content higher than about 8 percent would be expected to cause almost completc absence of thc a-helix, provided that the prolinc residues do not exiit as "blocks" in the polvpeptide chain. The rotation of casein [a], r 100' 11'1) sunporti: thii idca, and rotatory dispersion data on casein and the prolamines chould bc of considerable interest ( 11\ . Collagen has an exceptionall) high pyrrolidine content (about 25-percent), but rather than assuming a nonhelical configuration, the polypeptide chains in collagen comprise a cable of three left-handed helices, each similar Table 1. Helix content and proline concentration of KMEF proteins.


We report forthefirst timeafacile lithography-free approach forfabricating nanopillars overlarge areas orin patterns. Thekeytechnique ofthisapproach isthat randomly-distributed nanoscale SiO2patterns canbe synthesized onsubstrates simply byremoving photoresist withoxygenplasmabombardment.ThoseSiO2 nanopatterns may further function asmasksinthe following etching process fornanopillars. Basedonthis approach, a variety of microstructures containing nanopillars withdiameters of30200nm,whichinclude surface microchannels, micro-cantilever probesand nanofences, havebeenfabricated. Thisapproach canbe applied bothtosilicon andmetalsubstrates compatible withconventional micro-electromechanical systems


--We present methods to determine the age and sex of Akohekohe (Palmeria dolei), an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, developed on the basis of 45 museum specimens and 91 live birds captured on the island of Maui. Akohekohe retained all juvenal primaries, some juvenal secondaries, and some body feathers after the first prebasic molt; they attained full adult plumage after the second prebasic molt. Retention of brown juvenal body feathers, especially on the head, distinguished most birds in the first basic plumage from adults, which have a full complement of distinctive, black lanceolate body feathers with white, gray, or orange tips. Male Akohekohe were heavier than females and had longer wing, tail, and tarsometatarsus lengths. We present a linear discriminant function to sex both adults and juveniles using lengths of their wing and tarsometatarsus. IDENTIFICACIISN DE EDAD Y SEXO EN PALMERIA DOLEI Sinopsis.--Presentamos m•todos desarrollados en base de 45 especimenes de museo y 91 aves vivas capturadas en la isla de Maui para determinar la edad y el sexo de Palmefta dolei, una especie en peligro de extinci6n en Hawaii. Estos individuos retuvieron todas las primarias juveniles, algunas secundarias juveniles, y algunas plumas del cuerpo despu•s de la primera muda prebfisica; obtuvieron plumaje adulto despu•s de la segunda muda preb•sica. La retenci6n de plumas corp0reas juveniles color marr6n, especialmente n la cabeza, distingui6 a la mayor/a de las aves en la primera muda preb•sica de los adultos, que tienen un complemento completo de plumas corp6reas negras lanceoladas con las puntas blancas, grises o anaranjadas. Los machos de la especie pesaron m•s que las hembras y ten/an alas, colas y tarsometatarsos mils largos. Presentamos una funci6n linear de discriminaci6n para determinar sexo tanto de adultos como de juveniles utilizando los largos de sus alas y de sus tarsometatarsos. The Akohekohe (Palmeria dolei) is an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper (Fringillidae: Drepanidinae) endemic to the high elevation wet forests of east Maui Island, Hawaii. Formerly found on the neighboring island of Molokai (Perkins 1903), the current population of approximately 3800 individuals (Scott et al. 1986) is now restricted to a thin band of native ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) forest between 1500 and 2200 m elevation on the north and east slopes of Haleakala volcano. The adult Akohekohe, with its unique forehead crest and distinctive black, white, orange and gray plumage, is easily identified as it moves rapidly over the expansive canopy in search of nectar. As part of a larger study on Akohekohe ecology, we captured, banded, and described the morphometric and plumage characteristics of 91 live birds. Combining these data with those obtained from 45 museum spec1 Current address: 26 Horton Street, Malverne, New York 11565 USA. 2 Current address: Maui Forest Recovery Project, 534 Olinda Rd., Makawao, Hawaii 96768 USA.


In skeletal samples, diaphyseal breadths of immature femora have traditionally been measured at 50% of diaphyseal length. However, research on the Denver growth sample suggests that 45.5% of diaphyseal length in younger individuals best represents the most analogous position to the 50% midshaft location in adult femora with fused epiphyses. Currently, direct comparisons have not been made between measures at 45.5% and 50% diaphyseal length. Lack of methodological consistency could affect comparisons across studies of immature skeletal remains.


publicising one's own private life (pp. 73–5). In this section, Hodgkin also looks at Fitzherbert's extant manuscripts in terms of the significance of their locations and recorded readers (pp. 75–80); amendments and corrections, from minor ones, such as orthography, grammar and wording (pp. 80–2), to corrections pertaining specifically to spiritual issues (pp. 82–7); and exclusions of what could have been construed during the period as dangerous or inappropriate words and ideas (pp. 87–8). Lastly, Hodgkin discusses her editorial strategies and summarises her editorial practices (pp. 88–92). The transcript itself is a very welcome presentation of Fitzherbert's autobiographical writings in a readable format. Where the original text is obscure, the editor prefers exegesis to emendation. Footnoting could have been richer and more thorough. It is thus likely to be more helpful to the general reader, though there are moments of originality in the notes which may well interest future editors. Until then, Women, Madness and Sin is very likely to be, for many years, the standard edition of Fitzherbert's autobiographical writings and introduction to her life, work and culture.


Background: the incidence of premarital sexual behavior by adolescents in the world has increased, so that adolescents need attention, guidance, supervision from parents, and good service planning related to reproductive health problems, so that teens will avoid risky behaviors namely premarital sexual behavior.Method: The cross-sectional study design was conducted on 229 adolescents aged 16-17 years with multistage random sampling. Questionnaires were used to measure family socioeconomic factors and prevention of premarital sexual behavior using theory and have been modified by researchers. The family socioeconomic factor variables include indicators of education, income, employment and number of family members and the variables for preventing premarital sexual behavior include refusing skills, increasing religiosity, avoiding pornographic media, promoting sexual health and enhancing parent-teen relations.Data analysis: using SEM using software (Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 21). Results: The effect of family socioeconomic factors on the prevention of premarital sexual behavior with a P-value of 0.849 indicates that family socio- economic factors do not significantly influence premarital sexual prevention by adolescents.Conclusion: Family factors in this case are family socio-economic factors that have no effect on premarital sexual prevention in adolescents, this can be caused by the influence of individual adolescents' attitudes and the efforts of adolescents themselves to increase their religiosity and understanding of sexual behavior healthy and responsible who ultimately can make the right decisions and be responsible for their sexual lives and have the ability to resist premarital sexual behavior.


When nucleopolyhedro virus of A. atkinsoni was applied at 250 LE/ha, there was no significant difference between the viruses treated and control plots with regard to the total number of live larvae feeding outside the pod. However, due to changes in behaviour in NPV infected A. atkinsoni by way of coming out of the pod, there was a significant difference when counts were taken with regard to total number of larvae found feeding inside the pod. Both endosulfan at (0.07%) and virus (125 LE/ha) in combination with endosulfan (0.035%) significantly reduced the larval population of A. atkinsoni and Sphaenarches anisodactylus. There was no significant difference between the virus and control plots with regard to percentage of pod damage. However, when the yield was assessed based on the seed weight, there was significant difference.


The main purpose of a company that has go public is to generate profits in order to increase the prosperity of shareholders through increasing the value of the company. One of the management efforts to increase the value of the company is to reduce tax expense. Tax expense can be optimized through tax planning action. One of tax planning that does not violate the law one of them is by tax avoidance. Tax planning can be applied if Good Corporate Governance is done by management. This research aims to examine the effect of tax avoidence on the stock price of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research  aims to prove whether Corporate Governance and company size can moderate the effect of Tax Avoidance on the stock price of manufacturing companies listed on IDX. The research methodology used in this research is regression analysis that is linear regression analysis . The findings of this study that tax avoidence has an influence on stock prices. The management of the tax expense gets the attention of shareholders so as to raise the stock price.


History and mission of Transactions of CMES,China Mechanical Engineering,is reviewed;the great progresses of the Transactions established in 1990 are emphasised;the running rules implicated in 10 year practice are analyzed;feature formation of the journal and the interaction between Transactions development and discipline evolution are described and finally,the future development of the Transactions is pondered calmly.


Let X be an arbitrary scheme. The category Qcoh(X) of quasi–coherent sheaves on X is known that admits arbitrary direct products. However their structure seems to be rather mysterious. In the present paper we will describe the structure of the product object of a family of locally torsion-free objects in Qcoh(X), for X an integral scheme. Several applications are provided. For instance it is shown that the class of flat quasi–coherent sheaves on a Dedekind scheme X is closed under arbitrary direct products, and that the class of all locally torsion-free quasi–coherent sheaves induces a hereditary torsion theory on Qcoh(X). Finally torsion-free covers are shown to exist in Qcoh(X).


ABSTRACT:In Iliad's final books, the appearance of the formula "desire for lament" echoes a key narrative arc: Achilles' shift from cyclical grief and vengeance to releasing his relentlessness along with Hektor's body. The formula has no stated object when Achilles desires to weep for Patroklos, but, when Priam stirs Achilles to weep for his father, desire leaves Achilles and he takes pleasure in lament. The contextual variations of the formula "desire for lament" reinforce the poem's final insights. In the Iliad, grief drives actions that do not satisfy; satisfaction comes only when such aimless desires for action are released.


A torch with a turbulized supply of a plasma forming gas comprises an electrode having a high-melting insert and a flat end face, and a nozzle with an internal surface having two mated portions: one cylindrical and one tapering; and the diameter of the electrode flat end face amounts essentially to 0.4-0.5 diameter of the electrode proper and the radius of conjugation of the nozzle cylindrical and tapering portions is equal essentially to the length of its cylindrical portion. Due to such a design, the inventive torch features a long service life of both the electrode and the nozzle.


Abstract : The record of the Army Corps of Engineers at Galveston is a history of the waterways in Texas. Because this story has been largely neglected, Custodians of the Coast represents an initial attempt to document Corps activities in the development of the Texas coastal region. Hopefully, it will convey to the reader some sense of what the Galveston District was and is. As the story unfolds, it describes the relation between the army engineers and residents of the Texas Gulf Coast. Cooperation between the Corps and local citizens stands out as early as the first decade of the Galveston District's existence. In 1883, under authorization of the Texas legislature, the city issued bonds to raise money that was turned over to the engineer in charge to carryon the federal navigation project when Congressional appropriations failed. This spirit of cooperation has continued through to the present day. This book, then, tells the story of the men and women of the Corps of Engineers at Galveston working together with citizens of the Texas Coast to develop and protect that coast. The collaborative efforts of these groups has led to accomplishments in which all concerned may take pride.


The measurement of the triple Higgs coupling is one of the major goals of the future colliders. The direct measurement at lepton colliders relies on the production of Higgs boson pairs in two main channels, e+e− → ZHH which is dominant at centre-of-mass energies below 1 TeV and maximal at around 500 GeV, and e+e− → HHνeν̄e that becomes dominant for high-energy colliders. This direct measurement requires to be at least at a centre-of-mass energy of 500 GeV, and is hence only possible at future linear colliders such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) operating at 500 GeV or 1 TeV [1], or the Compact LInear Collider (CLIC) operating at 1.4 TeV (stage 2) or 3 TeV (stage 3) [2]. The SM triple Higgs coupling sensitivity is estimated to be δκλ = (λHHH/λ HHH − 1) ∼ 28% at the 500 GeV ILC with a luminosity of 4 ab−1 [3, 4] and δκλ ∼ 13% at the CLIC when combining the 1.4 TeV run with 2.5 ab−1 of data and the 3 TeV run with 5 ab−1 of data [5]. Still, circular-lepton-collider projects such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) [6] or the FCC-ee [7, 8], that run at energies below 500 GeV (not to mention the ILC or the CLIC running at lower energies), can provide a way to constraint the triple Higgs coupling [9]. Since the work of Ref. [10] that proposed for the first time to use precision measurements to constrain the triple Higgs coupling, in particular the measurements in single Higgs production at lepton colliders, there have been studies of the combination of single and double Higgs production observables not only at lepton but also at hadron colliders [11–14]. The analyses use the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). According to the latest ECFA report [15] the combination of HL-LHC projections [16] with ILC exclusive single-Higgs data gives δκλ = 26% at 68% CL, while with FCC-ee (at 250 or 365 GeV) it goes down to δκλ = 19% and with CEPC we get δκλ = 17%. We will present in more details the results of Refs. [12, 13] that demonstrate how important the combination of the LHC results with an analysis at lepton colliders is, and show the potential of the FCC-ee∗. Fig. E.1 (left) displays the latest experimental results available at the 13 TeV LHC for the search of non-resonance Higgs pair production and the 95% CL limits on the triple Higgs coupling, which have been presented in Ref. [17]. The results constraint δκλ in the range [−6.0 : 11.1]. We can compare them to the projections at the HL-LHC with 3 ab−1 presented in the HL-HE LHC report [16] in an SMEFT framework, using a differential analysis in the channel pp → HH. Compared to the projection in Ref. [12], which also included single Higgs data in the channels pp → W±H,ZH, tt̄H, there is a substantial improvement thanks to the


From the point of entropy,the paper investigates a hybrid multiple atttribute decision making problem with precise number,interval number and fuzzy number.It defines the concept of interval entropy and gives the formula to calculate the entropy valves of alternatives.We can make the decision according to the values.The example proves its validity and scientific nature.


Introduction : Among women, children and young people of alcohol consumption is likely to rise. Effect on the body and mind of a person and the cause of subsequent problems. Objective : To develop strategies to control alcohol Mahasarakham. Method : Action Research is a sample of the population aged 15-65 years using multi-stage random sampling. The sample was 396 people. Target group to develop a strategic plan 60 person. In the data collection process includes an interview and a strategic plan. The statistics used descriptive statistics. Results : Phase 1 male prevalence of current drinkers than females. New Year is the most alcohol minor Songkran. And have a tradition of drinking a minimum. The alcohol control policies the rate of binge drinking at little in the temple of educational institutions are in place to prohibit the sale of liquor. Prohibit the sale of liquor at the time. And sold to children younger than 20 years. Phase 2 development plan for alcohol control. The plan was put into practice in the areas of public policy in the province. Activity campaign to stop drinking alcohol in the funeral ceremony and the law in more offenders Conclusion : Developing strategies to control alcohol Mahasarakham. Using a participatory process. Cause a change of government and private organizations to control alcohol. The implementation of a quality even more. Keywords : Development, Alcohol Control ,Strategic plan


With their early age of onset, high prevalence, chronicity, and pervasive impact on multiple domains of functioning, the burden of mood disorders exceeds that of virtually all medical conditions in the US and globally in terms of disability, cost, and suffering.


In standard Albanian studies and Western scholarship, including both the work of religious and political activists and that of less 'interested' lay people, historical and textual fact-finding efforts have only confirmed and indeed perpetuated the myth that the thinking of Naim Frashëri was formed and dominated by Bektashism and that his 'Albanianism' had a Bektashi foundation. The author intends to scrutinize and disprove this analysis, arguing that while Frashëri's thinking did indeed have a religious cast, it went far beyond Bektashism in its heterodoxy, being a kind of liberation theology and pantheism, which generated an all-inclusive attitude to Albanian identity, not one limited in any particular way to Bektashism. Methodologically, such a picture must arise if we submit the available empirical evidence to critical analysis from the perspective of social theoretical approaches to religion developed in sociology and anthropology.


Vocational High Schools are the biggest contributor to unemployment in the area, many supporting factors such as the unstable state of the company. Basically that's not all, the teaching process at the Vocational School is at the forefront of increasing unemployment rates for SMK graduates. From the results of community service activities the following conclusions with the existence of community service activities at SMK Ma'arif Nu Talaang, Tegal Regency, it provides knowledge, understanding and innovation of efficient power transfer system equipment in accordance with Operational Procedures for Safety Procedures. Speed up the work when practicing lifting a car to change tires in the subjects of the power transfer system competency with the SOP equipment so as to make students competent in their performance practices


In this manuscript, Wang et al. produced a database entitled China-LDRL, which contains (1) thousands of detected large (>1 km) permanent water bodies (excluding free-flowing rivers) in China, (2) an explicit separation of reservoirs from natural lakes among these large water bodies, and (3) the dam points associated with the large reservoirs, with a distinction between river dams and reservoir dams. This is yet another useful data tool in the proliferating global and regional water body datasets.


Multi-exposure image fusion technology is the fusion of images with different exposure to the same scene into a high-quality image containing more scene information. In order to solve the problem that the existing algorithm is not rich in image details and easy to generate ghost, this paper proposes a multi-exposure image fusion algorithm based on improved pyramid transformation. The algorithm in this paper improves the local contrast information of the image by using adaptive histogram equalization algorithm, and calculates the weight coefficient of image fusion with contrast information, image entropy and well- exposedness, so that the resulting image details are richer and the fusion results are more natural.


Bio‐oil is a promising alternative energy source to crude oil for broad application prospects. Bio‐oil can help us avoid over‐reliance on petroleum resources and significantly reduce pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions, improve environment conditions, and protect ecological systems. However, bio‐oil applications have been impeded because of limited technologies, and poor bio‐oil quality has posed a great challenge. As such, considerable research efforts have been made for realizing its potential application value. Scientific and technical advancements on methods of bio‐oil quality improvement to date are reviewed, with an emphasis on advantages and disadvantages of each method. It also points out barriers and gives some recommendations to enhance bio‐oil combustion performance in the future. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Optically addressed liquid–crystal spatial light modulators with high sensitivity to recording radiation and a maximum phase increment of as much as 7π have been fabricated and investigated. This increment can be reached by controlling the transmission of the structures with either light or electric field.


In the era of media convergence, there are more diverse forms of communication in official media. Therefore, people can access the latest news more easily and quickly through new media. This study uses the methods of content analysis and frame analysis to investigate the reporting framework mode adopted by People's Daily on different platforms in social emergencies and whether the mainstream reporting mode of the same platform will change with the change of timeline, so as to explore how official media adapt to the trend of media convergence and compete for the field of public opinion through the differentiation of official discourse space. The results are as below: Firstly, People's Daily's TikTok account mainly adopts episodic framing, while other platforms and accounts mainly adopt thematic framing. Therefore, People's Daily's reporting strategy is mainly based on thematic framing; Secondly, Traditional official media have begun to break through the restrictions of official discourse space and are trying to adjust from within, actively accepting unofficial discourse space and allowing the emergence of different voices and diversified expressions.


The rise of American Methodism is largely the story of self-motivated laypeople whose experience of God's redeeming grace compelled them to preach and organize societies, which later were linked together to form the earliest connection. Names that come readily to mind include Thomas Webb, Barbara Heck and, above all, Robert Strawbridge, whose independent, evangelical spirit neither required nor willingly accepted much direction from superiors.1 The story of another of these earliest pioneers may now be told. Edward Evans of Philadelphia may well be the rightful possessor of the title "First American-born itinerant,"2 but he may also have been much more. What remains of Evans' life and legacy must be assembled from tantalizing scraps, including a 1770 autobiographical letter that he sent to John Wesley. Yet put together, these sources tell the story of a passionate and disciplined lay evangelist, whose independent spirit and itinerant labors parallel those of Strawbridge. Evans developed personal and spiritual connections with George Whitefield, Peter Böhler, Nicholas Von Zinzendorf and August Spangenberg, all of whom played important roles in the lives of the Wesleys. Moreover, as a member of the founding boards of trustees of Whitefield's Academy (1740), the first Moravian Church in Philadelphia (1743) and Historic St. George's (1769), Evans' life opens an fascinating window into the dynamic, trans-denominational, and fluid spirit of early Methodism when it was still a movement, and not yet a church.


A large truck, having a frame, the frame has a main frame disposed spaced beams, the main beam has a forward frame means supporting at least two front wheels by a suspension means, frame means provided with wheels, the rear wheel support each hub supports a pair of rear wheels on each side of the hub, apparatus pivotally mounted substantially rigid load supporting body for; lateral spacing between the rear wheel means for holding; frame main beam structure can resist twisting of the rear wheel by the braking force and traction force caused by the rear wheel but allowing longitudinal axis in each of the frame members of the limited rotation, so that when the rough road by a truck after It can be tilted.


This paper aims to extract empirical regularities from the extensive but often contentious econometric literature on the relationship between military expenditure ('milex') and socioeconomic development in the Third World, with special reference to Africa. It fi nds that African states invest in defence at low levels by global standards, and their defence burdens correspond to political, security, and economic realities. Security conditions are the main drivers of military spending, which in turn produces a complex mix of socioeconomic effects. Such relationships are not uniform across large heterogeneous groups of countries, but are mediated systematically by specifi c structural economic, political, and security conditions (eg resource-rich versus resource-constrained, confl ict vs non-confl ict, arms producers versus arms importers). Presumably, other yet-to-be-hypothesised intervening factors will also prove to be determinants of milex-development patterns among Third World and African countries. We can state with confi dence that (1) milex produces a mix of both positive and negative effects that vary across countries; (2) its overall effects, whether positive or negative, are usually not pronounced; and (3) the modal economic impact of defence spending in the Third World is slightly negative, more so in Africa. Negative relationships between defence and development are most evident and severe in countries experiencing legitimacy/security crises and economic/budgetary constraints. Among the implications of these fi ndings are that 'one size fi ts all' analytical or policy models of defence – development relationships are problematic and prone to failure. Considering that milex provides a public good (security), its negative socioeconomic effects are not excessive, at least in states enjoying higher legitimacy, socioeconomic standards, and peace. Ironically, states that enjoy relative peace and plenty reap more economic benefi ts from defence spending, while those affl icted by confl ict and poverty pay higher economic costs for their defence. In the larger scheme of things, confl ictand povertyreduction efforts will likely produce more benefi cial milex-growth linkages than well-intended appeals to reduce military spending in favour of development.


One-pot selective hydrogenation of levoglucosenone to Cyrene and levoglucosanol was successfully carried out by using Pd/ZrO2 and Pt/ZrO2 catalysts, respectively.


e17577 Background: Comparative effectiveness research (CER) is informally defined as an assessment of all available efficacious options for a specific medical condition, with intent to estimate effectiveness and efficiency in specific subpopulations. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 allocated $1.8 B to increase CER and train physicians in its practice. Although program directors (PDs) of medical oncology (MO) and radiation oncology (RO) training programs know that CER is emphasized nationally, it is unknown if CER is emphasized in oncological training programs themselves. We examine the emphasis of CER in MO and RO training programs. Methods: A web-based, anonymous survey was sent to RO PDs (n = 85) and chief residents (CRs; 98); and MO PDs (99), asking them to forward a link to fellows (Fs; 160). Mean weighted Likerts (MWLs ± standard deviations [SDs]) were calculated from scales (1, strongly disagree; 3, neutral; 5, strongly agree). Results: The response rates for RO PDs, RO CRs, MO PD...


( fi g. 1 ). Cerebrospinal fl uid protein, glucose and cell values were all within the normal ranges. PCR analysis of the cerebrospinal fl uid was positive for JC virus DNA. The diagnosis of PML was established. Because of the advanced state of the hematological malignancy, no empirical treatment was applied. The patient died 6 weeks after the onset of his neurological symptoms. The family denied permission for autopsy. PML was described in 1958 as a rare, fatal complication occurring in the setting of chronic lymphocytic leukemia [2] . With the AIDS epidemic, PML has become one of the deadliest opportunistic infections, strongly correlated with depressed CD4+ lymphocyte counts [1] . However, it is also a rare complication in patients with other immunosuppressive disorders, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia [3], follicular nonHodgkin's lymphoma, in recipients of renal, heart and lung allografts [4, 5] , and allogenic bone marrow transplants due to the pharmacological immunosuppression state [6] . T cell lymphoma is a lymphoproliferative disorder that causes a profound immunosuppression [7] . Among peripheral T cell lymphomas, hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma is a rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity. It usually manifests by splenomegaly and hepatomegaly without lymphadenopathy [8] . The treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders is being increasingly intensifi ed by the introduction of purine nucleoside analogues (fl udarabine, pentostatine), thus producing an additional immunosuppresDear Sir, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by the JC polyomavirus. The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical and neuroradiological criteria with a positive JCV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the cerebrospinal fl uid or by means of histopathological characteristics [1] . We report the fi rst case, to our knowledge, of PML associated with hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma. In April 2003, A 56-year-old HIV-negative male was diagnosed with hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma. The patient underwent standard chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP). He failed multiple conventional therapies aimed at controlling his disease, including pentostatine, etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytarabine and cisplatin (ESHAP) and methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP-B). In August 2004, the patient was admitted to the hospital because of a rapidly progressive speech disorder. He was afebrile. Neurological examination showed a normal mental status and occasional word-fi nding diffi culties with semantic and paraphasic errors. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed nonenhancing lesion in the left insula and temporal lobe subcortical white matter, without mass effect on T 1 -weighted images. The lesion was hyperintense on T 2 weighted and on fl uid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance images Received: September 16, 2005 Accepted: November 22, 2005 Published online: February 9, 2006


With the uncreasing reform of times and the continuous advancement of my science and technology, in recent years, my overall national strength is strengthening gradually. I have entered an information age, one digital age, the use of digital signal processing is becoming more and more frequent and important. Therefore, this paper mainly analyzes the application of DSP, the digital signal processing technology show to make the exposition. Digitalization is a major trend in today's society and the main theme of the development of the times, while digital signal processor is a component born with the times. The so-called digital signal processing is to use a universal digital signal chip to extract useful information from the signal by digital calculation. In recent years, in the wake of the constantly improving of science and technology and the continuous reform and innovation of technology in China, DSP is more and more close to people's production and life, and plays an important role in practical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and analyze its development.


Law No. 1 of 2013 concerning Microfinance Institutions was born, LKMS in Indonesia are known as Baitul Mal wa Tamwil (BMT) or Sharia Savings and Loans and Financing Cooperatives (KSPPS) which are generally incorporated as cooperatives. Based on sharia principles, cooperatives are legally incorporated under the supervision of the ministry of cooperatives and small and medium enterprises. The existence of this dualism of legal regulations has led to overlapping regulations, supervision and guidance by related agencies, as well as contradictions in the regulations between one another. This legal problem requires a solution through the reformulation of legal regulations relating to Islamic MFIs. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Indonesia are currently growing rapidly and have an important role in improving the people's economy. The rapid development of this MFI is because almost 51.2 million units or 99.9% of business actors in the Indonesian economy are dominated by micro and small business units (Ali sakti: 2013). MFIs can be said to be one of the important pillars in the financial intermediation process needed by small and medium-sized communities for consumption and production as well as storing their business results. In Indonesia, MFIs are regulated in Law no. 1 of 2013 concerning Microfinance Institutions. According to Article 1 (1) of Law no. 1 of 2013 concerning Microfinance Institutions, what is meant by MFIs are: financial institutions specifically established to provide business development services and community empowerment, either through loans or financing in micro-scale businesses to members and the public, managing deposits, as well as providing development consulting services business that is not solely for profit. Based on the definition above, it can be understood that an MFI is a financial institution that functions as an intermediary institution that aims not only to seek profit (profit motive), but also has other goals, namely social motives whose activities are more in the nature of community development.


The cadmium, zinc, and lead content in glass can be rapidly estimated with a polarograph. These analyses usually can be carried out without making chemical separations, since interfering elements are seldom found in common glass compositions. The mean difference in absolute per cent between chemical and polarographic results for a series of thirteen glasses containing cadmium and/or zinc and for a series of twelve lead glasses is approximately 0.3% for PbO, 0.05% for CdO, and 0.1% for ZnO.


Studies on the influence of chickpea genotypes on orientational and ovipositional preference of pulse beetle, Callosbruchus maculatus (Fab.) were conducted under laboratory condition in the Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.) during 2013–14. The adult orientation on different genotypes ranged from 5.0 to 9.0 adults with significant differences among them. Minimum adult orientation recorded on genotypes JGG-1 showed less susceptibility for orientation of the pulse beetle, followed by JG-16, JG-317, JKG-3 and JG-92-1. On the other hand genotypes JG-130 and JSC-43 were found most preferred for orientation of the beetle. The egg deposition (oviposition) on different genotypes under free choice condition ranged from 12.0 to 20.0 eggs with significant differences among different genotypes. Minimum egg deposition on genotypes JG-16 and JGG-1 indicated that these genotypes were less preferred by the beetle for egg deposition, followed by JG-317, JKG-3 and JG-92-1. Whereas, maximum egg deposition (oviposition) on genotypes JG-130 and JSC-43 indicated their higher preferency for egg deposition by the pulse beetle. The egg deposition on all the genotypes under free choice condition was observed in correspondence to the orientation of the beetle on different genotypes. The number of eggs deposited on different genotypes under forced condition ranged from 44.0 to 114.3 eggs with significant differences among them. Minimum egg deposition on genotype JKG-3 indicated less suitability for oviposition by the beetle. The egg deposition on genotypes JG-16, JG-317 and JG-921 under free choice condition was less, whereas deposition of eggs in these genotypes under forced conditions were comparatively higher. The less deposition in these genotypes under free choice condition may be due to their less preferency for orientation by the beetle. The number of adults oriented on the genotypes of different seed size was ranged 6.4 to 7.7 adults with no significant differences between them.


The parachute payload analysis is one of important contents in the parachute investigation.The parachute elastic behavior and canopy payload was considered together for the first time in this paper.The mechanism of production and influence factor for the canopy payload was discussed during the parachute working process in theory at first.Basis on this,the canopy and connecting rope of the differential elastic material were adopted.The opening process of the flat-circle parachute was experimental investigated in the steady wind tunnel.Not only the transient relation between the canopy payload and the canopy shape was got,but also the important conclusion that canopy payload is influenced by the elastic behavior was discovered.The experimental results shows that elastic increased,the parachute instability during the working progress will be intensified,and the canopy breathe behavior will be very clear.The canopy payload peak also be increased and the vibration frequency also be quick up.At the mean time,the inflation process will delay,the inflation time will prolong.This investigation is helpful for the payload analysis of the parachute.


Based on a description of the learning processes and approaches to teaching research in the Diploma Program for Strengthening Indigenous Women's Leadership, coordinated by the Indigenous Fund's Intercultural Indigenous University and the Center for Research and Advanced Studies in Social Anthropology, we reflect on the "indigenization" of social research and the production of culturally and politically relevant knowledge for the indigenous women's movement in Latin America. Methodologically, our reflexive comments and thinking about teaching dynamics and student–facilitator interactions are based on our involvement as coordinator and online teacher of the diploma program over a 4-year period (from 2010 to 2013). In particular, our analysis focuses on the context of dispute in which facilitators and leaders in the diploma program came up against the challenge of dismantling the coloniality of knowledge construction when adapting research methods. The students' fieldwork experiences demonstrate their creativity in adapting and adopting methodologies that allow them to enhance the visibility of indigenous women's political contributions to local indigenous activism. Mónica Michelena's fieldwork research took place over a 6-month period in Uruguay in 2010. It was part of a project on the cultural revitalization of the social memory of the Charrúa people, located in the Salsipuedes valley—the scenario of a historical genocide in 1831.


In the paper authors present contemporary literature data regarding diagnostic procedures in drug hypersensitivity – a significant problem, being a matter of intense research for many years. Indications for use, the method and also scientific spectrum of skin tests, main in vitro investigations and provocation tests with culprit drugs have been described. Undoubtfully diagnostic difficulties result from enormous heterogeneity of clinical picture and etiopathogenesis of drug adverse reactions and they are also caused by individual procedures' imperfections. One of the controversies considers required time interval between adverse drug reaction and the diagnostic approach, which depends on the type of drug hypersensitivity and also the method used and ranges from 3 weeks to 20 years.


Abstract The study of individual style is of wide interest, but appropriate and convincing archaeological evidence is often lacking. Mummy bundles of three Late Intermediate (A.D. 1000–1470) women buried on the same terrace at Cerro Azul, Cañete Valley, provide the ideal opportunity to discuss (1) the individual in prehistory, (2) personal stylistic choices made by each woman, and (3) possible relationships between these women. Since each woman was buried with at least two of the rare two-sided chumpis, those woven bands can be used to assess individual preferences for colors and motifs.


The spectrophotometric determination of the rate of pyrolysis of 1,2-diiodoethylene from 305.8 to 435.0° (with additional data on the addition of iodine to acetylene from 198.1 to 331.6°) has resulted in the observation of both a (in part heterogeneous) unimolecular process (A), and an iodine atom catalyzed process (B). For the homogeneous unimolecular process, log (kA/sec−1) ≈ 12.5–46/θ would appear to be reasonable, while log (kB/M−1 sec−1) = 11.8–23.9/θ, where θ = 2.303RT in kcal/mole.

It is suggested that a donor–acceptor complex intermediate may explain the observed rate constant of process B and analogous reactions in other systems.


The new generation of the Internet protocol, IPv6, replaces the IPv4 sooner or later in order to acquire sufficient IP addresses and guarantee the quality of service. The mobile IPv4 has been designed for mobility management in pure IPv4 networks as well as the mobile IPv6 for pure IPv6 networks. The IPv6 networks is most likely to be gradually deployed, resulting in IPv4/IPv6 co-existed networks environment with interconnected IPv4 and IPv6 networks. As described above, the co-existed networks need a solution to solve the mobility management that runs over both IPv4 and IPv6 access networks. Hence, in this paper, we proposed a new and efficient method of mobility management for moving in co-existed networks. This method introduces the MAP-TS, by integrating the concepts of HMIP6 and tunnel broker, to solve the predicament of MIPv4 and MIPv6. As a result, not only the mobile node can access IPv6 network with the heterogeneity of lower IP infrastructure, but also the amount of signaling between the mobile node, correspondent nodes and home agent is reduced significantly.


The effects of electrograinning conditions used for PS plate on grain parameters were studied by simulating industrialization conditions of electrograining in HCl system.Between 0.008~0.016 g/ml of HCl,Ra,Rz and Rq all descended with increasing the concentration of HCl.Rt,Ry and Sm descended at first with decreasing the concentration of HCl,then began to rise at 0.014 g/ml of HCl.With increasing the temperature,Ra,Rz,Rt,Rq,Ry and Sm all inreased and the grains became uniform.With increasing the electric current density,Ra,Rz and Ry all increased and Rt,Rq did not change markedly and Sm had a peak.With increasing the electric quantity density,Ra,Rz,Rt,Rq,Ry,Sm all increased.


Features of synchronization in system of public passenger transport are considered. Synchronization principles on public passenger transport are defined, key problems for various hierarchical levels of system public transport are allocated. The numerical indicator characterizing synchronization in logistical systems is offered


Grounded in collective interactions that are often quite contentious, knowledge is formulated in the world (objectified), and tangibly experienced (embodied) by the agents engaged in these interactions. As a means of acting on the world in order to transform it, knowledge is implicitly powerful. Yet, the consequences of that power are only realized through the context in which they are carried out. Thus, the ambiguous character of such knowledge must be evaluated by social agents in the course of their activities. By drawing attention to these dimensions of knowledge as power which enable social agents to act on, and so transform, themselves as they transform the world, this essay broadly considers the implications of the dialectics of objectification and embodiment so ably detailed by Lambek.


The aim of this paper is to investigate the field equations of modified [Formula: see text] theory of gravity, where R and [Formula: see text] represent the Ricci scalar and scalar potential, respectively. We consider the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker space–time for finding some exact solutions by using different values of equation of state parameter. In this regard, different possibilities of the exact solutions have been discussed for dust universe, radiation universe, ultra-relativistic universe, sub-relativistic universe, stiff universe, and dark energy universe. Mainly power law and exponential forms of the scale factor are chosen for the analysis.


BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to quaternize pine bark (PB) wood residues using green chemistry and to use the quaternized PB to remove nitrate (NO3−) from water. The quaternization process was achieved by reacting the wood residues with an ionic liquid analogue comprised of a choline chloride derivative and urea. Batch adsorption tests were used to delineate the NO3− uptake by the modified pine bark (MPB). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and Zeta potential measurements were used to characterize the changes at the surface of the PB due to quaternization and NO3− uptake.

RESULTS: The MPB has a maximum NO3− uptake capacity of 2.91 mmol g−1. The NO3− uptake kinetics indicated that diffusion through the boundary layer of the MPB was the rate limiting step. The Langmuir adsorption model provided a better fit for the uptake data than the Freundlich model, indicating monolayer adsorption. The uptake process was found dependent on concentration, pH and ionic strength, and was also spontaneous and exothermic. The desorption–regeneration experimental results indicated a 95% efficiency after five consecutive regeneration cycles.

CONCLUSIONS: The quaternization technique was found very effective for developing effective and green anion exchange resins to remove NO3− from water. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry


Abstract In the Netherlands it was commonly believed that a comprehensive regional transport policy was the only way of achieving the objectives of national transport policy. A new institution was created: the transport region. Expectations ran high, but many transport regions never reached the implementation stage. Analysis of the national policy and the actual development of the transport regions shows a continuous struggle between the transport region as a policy concept on the one hand and the transport region as an administrative institution on the other. The anticlimax that resulted from this struggle seems to have been inevitable: the transport regions have officially been abolished. Their role has been taken over by the provinces. On the one hand, this provides opportunities for avoiding the mistakes made in the past. On the other hand, this shift holds threats, which may obstruct the making and implementation of effective regional transport policy.


The invention relates to a glass pane, comprising at least two individual panes and an adhesive layer located in between them, with the glass pane having a local heating area which only extends over part of the overall area of the pane and which can be heated by means of a heating element.


The conceptual and practical frontiers of art today have been erased due to the triumph of complex thought theories and the incorporation of new technological processes that have led artists to position their creations in interference zones.
The formal, technical and conceptual approaches that were previously unitary in graphics have been reformulated in pursuit of art that can be viewed from the actual process of multiplication and multiplexing. Graphics, as we understand them today, are much more hybrid and complex when installed in space. This displacement of the print has raised new questions and induced some answers concerning the idea of the matrix that generates "multiples". The multiple-concept view takes us back to the multifaceted XXI century in a mutant invasive loop that colonises the boundaries of the very definitions.
The objective of this paper is to reflect on how the classical two-dimensionality of graphics has moved towards the search for a deeper and more immersive artistic experience, different from what we have known to date. We will observe how multiple art has evolved from the two-dimensional traditional paper print to the sculptural object and by extension to its installation in space. We start from that inhabited, printed flat space to add other elements to the third dimension that will define our understanding of the new multiple reality: the time element concerning the experiential perception element of the work of art.


1. Cade JF: Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement.Med J Aust 2: 349–352, 1949 2. Chiu CT, Chuang DM: Molecular actions and therapeutic potential of lithium in preclinical and clinical studies of CNS disorders. Pharmacol Ther 128: 281–304, 2010 3. Focosi D, Azzarà A, Kast RE, Carulli G, Petrini M: Lithium and hematology: established and proposed uses. J Leukoc Biol 85: 20–28, 2009 4. Kishore BK, Ecelbarger CM: Lithium: A versatile tool for understanding renal physiology. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 304: F1139–F1149, 2013 5. Rej S, HerrmannN, ShulmanK: The effects of lithiumon renal function in older adults—a systematic review. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 25: 51– 61, 2012 6. Wang Z, Havasi A, Gall J, Bonegio R, Li Z, Mao H, Schwartz JH, Borkan SC: GSK3beta promotes apoptosis after renal ischemic injury. J AmSoc Nephrol 21: 284–294, 2010 7. Talab SS, Elmi A, Emami H, Nezami BG, Assa S, Ghasemi M, Tavangar SM, Dehpour AR: Protective effects of acute lithium preconditioning against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat: Role of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase systems. Eur J Pharmacol 681: 94–99, 2012 8. Plotnikov EY, Grebenchikov OA, Babenko VA, Pevzner IB, Zorova LD, LikhvantsevVV, ZorovDB:Nephroprotective effect ofGSK-3b inhibitionby lithium ions and d-opioid receptor agonist dalargin on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 220: 303–308, 2013 9. Wang Y, HuangWC, Wang CY, Tsai CC, Chen CL, Chang YT, Kai JI, Lin CF: Inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 reduces endotoxaemic acute renal failure by down-regulating inflammation and renal cell apoptosis. Br J Pharmacol 157: 1004–1013, 2009 10. Bao H, Ge Y, Wang Z, Zhuang S, Dworkin L, Peng A, Gong R: Delayed administration of a single dose of lithiumpromotes recovery fromAKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 25: 488–500, 2014 11. de Groot T, Alsady M, Jaklofsky M, Otte-Höller I, Baumgarten R, Giles RH, Deen PMT: Lithium causes G2 arrest of renal principal cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 25: 501–510, 2014 12. Howard C, Tao S, Yang HC, Fogo AB, Woodgett JR, Harris RC, Rao R: Specific deletion of glycogen synthase kinase-3b in the renal proximal tubule protects against acute nephrotoxic injury in mice. Kidney Int 82: 1000–1009, 2012 13. Yin Y, Kizer NT, Thaker PH, Chiappinelli KB, Trinkaus KM, Goodfellow PJ, MaL:Glycogen synthase kinase 3b inhibition as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of endometrial cancer. Int JMol Sci 14: 16617–16637, 2013 14. Peng Z, Ji Z, Mei F, Lu M, Ou Y, Cheng X: Lithium inhibits tumorigenic potential of PDA cells through targeting hedgehog-GLI signaling pathway. PLoS ONE 8: e61457, 2013 15. Pabla N, Dong G, Jiang M, Huang S, Kumar MV, Messing RO, Dong Z: Inhibition of PKCd reduces cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity without blocking chemotherapeutic efficacy in mouse models of cancer. J Clin Invest 121: 2709–2722, 2011 16. BooneM, Deen PM: Physiology and pathophysiology of the vasopressinregulated renal water reabsorption. Pflugers Arch 456: 1005–1024, 2008 17. Marples D, Christensen S, Christensen EI, Ottosen PD, Nielsen S: Lithium-induced downregulation of aquaporin-2 water channel expression in rat kidney medulla. J Clin Invest 95: 1838–1845, 1995


Anomalous coronary arteries may course in close proximity to the mitral annulus, which increases the risk of iatrogenic occlusion due to annular suture placement. We report a mitral valve repair in a 55‐year‐old male with severe mitral regurgitation and an anomalous retro‐aortic left coronary artery, originating from the right coronary sinus, coursing in close proximity to the anterior mitral annulus. To minimize iatrogenic occlusion risk an open annuloplasty ring was used with good long‐term results. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12374 (J Card Surg 2014;29:782–784)


There are seven chemical constitutions in securidaca, such as flavones, xanthones, terpenoids and glycosides, steroids and glycosides, saccharides and glycosides, alkaloids, organic acid and derivative etc. There are many medicinal activities, such as anti-HIV, antileukemia, anticancer, antibacterial and antiinflammation etc. The chemical constitutions and medicinal activities are deeply analyzed in this article. It provides important bases for further developing this medicinal plants.


Like a pure sound or melodic system of pure sounds in the midst of noises, so a crystal, a flower, a sea shell stand out from the common disorder of perceptible things. For us they are privileged objects . . . more mysterious upon reflection than all those which we see indiscriminately. They present us with a strange union of ideas: order and fantasy, invention and necessity, law and exception.—Paul Valéry, "Man and the Sea Shell"


Aiming at the requirement for the exchange and transmission of track information in command information systems,an adaptive transmission technique of track information based on the bandwidth of wireless transmission channel is proposed.By adjusting the storage method of track information and the adaptive slide window mechanism,the technique overcomes the shortcomings in traditional ways of transmitting track information by wireless channel and achieves efficient track information transmission.


Involvement of the corpus callosum has been identified as a feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), particularly through neuropathological studies. The aim of the present study was to determine whether alteration in transcallosal function contributed to the development of ALS, disease progression and thereby functional disability.


Wall-pressure fluctuations can be represented by a spectrum level that is a function of flow-direction wavenumber and frequnecy, $(ku co). In the theory developed herein the frequency is replaced by a phase speed; u> = ckh At low wavenumbers the spectrum is a universal function if nondimensiona lized by the friction velocity u* and the boundary layer thickness 8, while at high wavenumbers another universal function holds if nondimensionalized by u* and viscosity v. The theory predicts that at moderate wavenumbers the spectrum must be of the form $+ (k\, co+ =c+k\) = k\~2P+ (Ac+) where P+(Ac+) is a universal function. Here Ac+ is the difference between the phase speed and the speed for which the maximum o/$ + occurs. Similar laws exist in outer variables. New measurements of the wall-pressure are given for a large Reynolds number range; 45,000 < Re= U08/v< 113,000. The scaling laws described above were tested with the experimental results and found to be valid. An experimentall y determined curve for P+ (Ac+) is given.


The results of the observation showed that there were still many students in histology subjects who did not yet have critical thinking competencies and maximum histology concept. The purpose of this study was to find out how project-based learning through blended learning can develop critical thinking skills and student histology concept. This type of research is classroom action research. The sample of this study was students of class C histology class 2018/2019 as many as 35 students of Malang Muhammadiyah University. The research method is in the form of observation, interviews, and tests. The learning management system used in this research blended learning uses Edmodo. The results showed that there was a change in the improvement of critical thinking skills and student histology concept from cycle I to cycle II. Critical thinking skills in the cycle I showed that 23% were complete and 77% were non-complete, while the cycle II was 80% complete and 20% non-compete. Critical thinking skills from cycle I to cycle II increased by 57%. Histology concept in the cycle I found 69% complete and 31% non-complete, while the cycle II was 100% complete and 0% non-complete. Histology concept from cycle I to cycle II increased by 31%. Based on this, project-based learning through blended learning can develop critical thinking skills and student histology concept.


Protein expression profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolate, recovered from cases of bovine mastitis, were grown as Nutrient rich free cell (NRFC), Nutrient deficient free cell (NDFC) and Biofilm cell (BC) and were analyzed by SDS-PAGE for protein profile. The profile of BC showed a significant variation by 22% and 15% from NRFC and NDFC, respectively, suggesting that BC express proteins different from their free cell counterparts. The western blot using anti-BC hyperimmune serum, elicited maximum number of immunogens including the immunogens detected by anti-NRFC and anti-NDFC hyperimmune serum. The unique proteins expressed by BC were also found to be immunogenic. Since, mastitis causing pathogens are known to form biofilm during natural infection, the biofilm form of pathogen could be suitable for developing effective immunoprophylactics against mastitis.


Introduction: This paper aims to demonstrate the hypothesis that the process of creation, distribution and application of knowledge, as well as its potential result in an innovation, is as old as human history itself. Hence, the paper will show that the current trend of the knowledge economy is merely a phase in the overall evolution of the process. Methodology: To support this hypothesis we demonstrate that this trend unfolds within the context of a combined dual dynamic: a so-called longitudinal dynamic which describes the evolution of structural innovations and a transversal dynamic that highlight the interaction and interconnection of the various interactive components that specifically arise within a favourable historical context and environment. This dual dynamic is examined through a series of historical examples. Results: This exemplified double dynamic thus lets us show how the knowledge economy fits into a long-lasting context with a historical perspective extending over several millennia right down to our times. In this way it emphasises that the contemporary knowledge economy is actually no more than a phase – albeit a considerable one. Conclusions: Over and above these results it should be highlighted finally that this contemporary phase of the knowledge economy offers perspectives that are contrasting at the very least. On the one hand, it opens the way potentially towards a new collaborative sharing world. But, on the other, it helps increase the risks of an excessive privatisation of knowledge.


O of the most important aspects of health care delivery for cancer patients involves the need for centralization of treatment to high quality centers. Despite multiple publications such as the one published in this issue Ten years' experience with centralized surgery of ovarian cancer in one health region in Norway, by, Guro Aune, MD, Sverre H. Torp, MD, PhD, Unni Syversen, MD, PhD, BjLrn Hagen, MD, PhD, Solveig Tingulstad, MD, PhD, in which the medical, as well as financial advantages of centralization have been confirmed, in reality, centralization is a rather rare phenomenon. The reasons for the lack of implementation of the centralization principle in high, as well as low, resource communities are quite obvious. It is indeed surprising that even patient advocates of various malignant diseases do not appreciate the importance of the improved quality of care administered through centralization. It is well known that gynecologic cancer patients are often treated by the less experienced and less equipped institutions, although such a place is available in reasonable proximity. Our moral duty is to lead the process of centralization in our own community often by referring our patients to someone else. We should also support the health authorities in our countries in their efforts to centralize cancer care. Many advanced and sophisticated diagnostic, therapeutic modalities including surgical (sentinel lymph node, radical cytoreduction, and fertility preservation) as well as medical (intra-peritoneal therapy, and biological treatments) are best performed and delivered only in a centralized fashion. We encourage you to read the report by Guro Aune, MD, et al and give this topic your concerted attention.


In Bolivia, potato production and marketing is important for farmers' livelihoods and anecdotal information shows that cell phones and women are extremely important in the potato marketing chain. Efforts to improve incomes of poor highland potato producers should recognize roles of different actors within the chain and access to market information. This study explores the effects of access to information and gender relations within the potato chain; on farmers' market channel choice in the Tiraque Watershed (Bolivia). The analysis of qualitative information was useful to deepen the understanding of the subject and complement the quantitative analysis. The main source of data comes from a survey of 400 households from the watershed. Rapid Market Appraisal and Case Studies were used to collect qualitative data. The quantitative data were used to estimate two econometric models (Logit and MNL) to evaluate the importance of farmer and market characteristics on market choices. This analysis demonstrates that the determinants affecting market channel choice include market attributes (time to reach the markets and the nearest paved road), production (number of plots owned by farmers) and household-related variables (access to loan, cell phone ownership, location and age of the head of the household). An important unexpected result is that even though the qualitative analysis shows that gender plays an important role in marketing activities; the econometric analysis shows that gender has no effect on farmer's market choices.


Abstract: The paper aims to make a comparison study between word association of native speakers and that of Chinese English learners (CELs). Through data analysis of the word association results, the nature of the second language (L2) mental lexicon is explored. A continuous free word association test (WAT) was conducted to 150 students from Dalian University of Technology (DUT). And the Minnesota word association norms are selected as a native speakers' word association test for the comparison. The results of WATs are classified and analyzed with respect to response type and part of speech. The major findings in the paper are as follows: (1) The words in L2 mental lexicon are essentially semantically-related, just like the mental lexicon of L1 speakers. But phonological relation plays a more important role in L2 mental lexicon than in L1 mental lexicon. (2) Nouns are easy to be activated for both native speakers and L2 learners. And responses of the same part of speech as the stimulus word are easier to be activated. (3) Difference in culture and limitation of language competence may cause the different word association of natives and L2 learners. And L2 learners' native language is likely to have influence on their L2 mental lexicon. Keywords: mental lexicon; word association; Chinese English learners Resume: Le document vise a faire une etude comparative entre l'association de mots entre les locuteurs de langue maternelle anglaise et les apprenants chinois de l'anglais (ACA). Grâce a l'analyse des donnees des resultats d'association de mots, la nature de lexique mental de la deuxieme langue (L2) est exploree. Un test continu de l'association de mots libre (TAM) a ete realisee chez 150 etudiants de l'Universite de Technologie de Dalian (UTD). Et les normes d'association de mots de Minnesota sont selectionnee comme un test d'association de mots chez les locuteurs natifs pour faire la comparaison. Les resultats de TAM sont classes et analyses en fonction du type de reponse et de la partie du discours. Les conclusions principales de cet article sont les suivantes: (1) Les mots dans le lexique mental L2 sont semantiquement lies, tout comme le lexique mental des locuteurs de L1. Mais les relations phonologiques jouent un role plus important dans le lexique mental L2 que dans le lexique mental L1 . (2) Les noms sont faciles a etre actives pour les locuteurs natifs et les apprenants de L2. Et les reponses de la meme partie du discours en tant que le mot de stimulus sont plus faciles a activer. (3) La difference de culture et la limitation de la competence linguistique peuvent causer une association de mots differente des autochtones et des apprenants de L2. Et la langue maternelle des apprenants de L2 est susceptible d'avoir une influence sur leur lexique mental L2. Mots-cles: lexique mental; association de mots; apprenants chinois de l'anglais INTRODUCTION For any language, vocabulary plays a significant role. Without vocabulary, communication cannot happen in a meaningful way. Thus lexical researches have aroused more and more interest among linguists. And the study of mental lexicon has drawn special attention from researchers. In the past thirty years, there has been great development in lexical research. Researchers make great efforts to try revealing the organization of mental lexicon which contains an extremely large amount of information. By now, agreement has been reached on the organization of the fust language (Ll) mental lexicon. Researchers commonly agree that words in L1 mental lexicon are connected with each other semantically and are stored in mind around a semantic network. However, there is still disagreement among researchers on the organization of the second language (L2) mental lexicon. Three kinds of viewpoints have been advanced, namely phonological view, semantic view and syntactic view. With the application of word association test (WAT) to linguistic study, more and more researchers have started to use this efficient method in the study of L2 mental lexicon to try to find answers to this unsettled issue. …


The antioxidant activity assay of water fraction of methanolic extract from the bark of faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) was done qualitatively and quantitatively using a radical compound 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The principle of DPPH is a decrease in the intensity of absorbance of DPPH solution is proportional to the increase in the concentration of antioxidant compounds represented by Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50). Determination of total phenolic content was carried out by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as standard. The principle of the Folin-Ciocalteu method is phenolic compounds was oxidized by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gave blue colour that can be measured by visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 750 nm. Total phenolic content expressed as equivalent mass of gallic acid. The results showed that qualitatively the water fraction of methanolic extract from faloak stem bark had antioxidant compounds and quantitatively had an IC50 value of 45.628 ± 1.474 μg / mL belonging to a very strong antioxidant. The water fraction of methanolic extract of stem bark faloak has total phenolic content of 6.971 ± 0.167 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of water fraction.


The challenges related to liquid loading have been observed during flow-back after hydraulic fracturing, as well as during the production phase, and are further aggravated with the high inclination angles found in deviated wellbores. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the onset of liquid loading in a 6-inch production casing at various inclination angles. A unified mechanism model for the onset of liquid loading is developed for a large-diameter production casing.
 The experimental setup includes a 6-inch acrylic test section which can be inclined from 0° to 90°. The study involves two-phase air-water flow in low liquid loading conditions to simulate a gas well. A dye- injection-system was used to detect the onset of liquid film reversal.
 The experimental data demonstrates that the major factor that induces liquid accumulation is the liquid film reversal at pipe bottom. The critical gas velocity associated with the onset of liquid film reversal shows a strong function with the inclination angle and liquid flow rate in the current experimental study. Comparison with previous experimental data reveals that it also depends on the gas density and pipe diameter, i.e. it decreases with increasing gas density and increases when pipe diameter increases. Comprehensive model evaluation was conducted in the current study, showing a large discrepancy for inclination angles higher than 45° and few existing models capture all the effects of deviation angle, liquid flow rate, pressure, and pipe diameter. A new model is developed based on the physics of the onset of liquid film reversal, coupled with a new model for the liquid film thickness distribution around the pipe perimeter. It captures well the effects of deviation angle, liquid flow rate, gas and liquid density, viscosity, and pipe diameter on the critical gas velocity, outperforming all other existing models.
 The experiments in this study provide new insights into the onset of liquid accumulation in large- diameter deviated wells. The new mechanics model fills the critical gap to enhance accuracy when predicting the onset of liquid loading especially for deviated and large-diameter wells. It can be easily implemented, which will benefit the industry practically. It is also applicable to gas condensate pipelines where smaller inclination angles exist.


This chapter recounts the story of Americans and Moros in colonial Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. It ranges from 1899, when U.S. military forces relieved the Spanish garrison at Zamboanga, to 1941, when Japan invaded the Commonwealth of the Philippines. It also considers the Spanish legacy in Mindanao-Sulu and American precolonial contacts with the region. The chapter elaborates the minor role of Muslim-majority areas in many histories of the American Philippines and explains the historiographical absence that perpetuates trends originating in American and Christian Filipino colonial imaginaries. It points out how the South's position as a politically and culturally subordinate space in an emerging nation-state created the preconditions for its marginalization in the literature on the U.S. colonial empire.


own accord because it represented a modernist, civilizational force in its autumnal, &dquo;late&dquo; stage that clashed completely with an underlying culture that is still in the Spring of cultural development ... (however) sociologists know next to nothing of howSlavic Catholicism and Orthodoxy relate to any doctrines of worldly success, much less Western, Protestant-based capitalism. Why in the w orld should such cultures be conducive to communism


In this paper I analyze the binding relation of overt NPs in Embɔsi. It has been demonstrated that some of the binding theory principles namely Principle A fails to explain Reflexives distribution because they can occur outside their governing category and accessible subject. Hence I claim that the principle A enters among many other issues concerning parametric variation postulates. Yet I also assert that reflexives are very particular in Embɔsi as they are [+Anaphor] and [+Pronominal.]


In order to provide scientific reference for drawing up the exhaust pollutants standard of in-use vehicles,this paper studied the exhaust emissions of taxies by means of the following test modes:idle mode,double idle mode,acceleration simulation mode(ASM) steady mode and instantaneous mode(IM) 195.It compares test results under different test modes and calculates the vehicle emissions effective recognition ratios after idle mode,double idle mode,ASM mode relatively to IM 195.It analyzes the relationships between the emission levels of CO,HC,NOx and vehicles' driving mileages,gains regression equations between driving mileages and emission values.The experimental results show that the effective recognition ratios of idle mode,double idle mode,ASM mode,relatively to IM 195,are 58.70%,67.39% and 84.78%,respectively.The relationships between driving mileages and emission pollutants are parabolic curves.CO,HC and NOx emissions are all increased greatly after the mileage is over 30×104 km.Compared to CO,HC and NOx emissions after 10×104 km,these emissions after 70×104 km are averagely increased 23.13 times,30.94 times and 18.79 times respectively.6 tabs,16 figs,12 refs.


This article is devoted to the proceeding of an action for innocent owner defense in Ukrainian civil law. The actio publiciana in Roman law was analyzed as a model of modern action of innocent purchaser. Hereafter the authors sit on the actions, which cover the protection of a possession from mala fide purchaser. As the result of the study of the possible actions for the protection of a possession, provided for by Ukrainian Civil code, was drawn the conclusion that the action, provided for by the article 400 of Ukrainian Civil code, doesn't permit all the possible cases of the protection of the innocent purchaser, and duplicated the actions, provided for by the other articles of Ukrainian Civil code.


The outbreak of the Liberation war in 1946 had a lot to do with the stiff and renitent Kuomintang regime at that time,in other words,the war was an inevitable result of the following fact that the Kuomintang regime hadn't founded an effective political participation system which would be more accommodated to social change.On one hand,the regime hadn't provided enough approach and opportunity for those new social force and elite,on the other hand,those new social force and elite that had been expelled from the political system had great ambition and energy to participate the system,when these two factors converged,it would be very likely for the revolution to break out at that time.


Economists are keenly interested in longer-run economic phenomena that interact with short-run shocks and business cycles. A particularly well-known example is hysteresis, which posits that disturbances typically thought of as transitory actually can have permanent e ects. While this concept is wellrecognized in theoretical modeling, empirical evidence has been sparse. After conducting a thorough analysis of U.S. macroeconomic data, we conclude that there has been no hysteresis in the United States for the past 60 years.


The in vitro anti coccidial activities of n-butanol and aqueous fractions of Khaya senegalensis, Gueira senegalensis and Tamarindus indica leaves extracts on Eimeria tenella parasite was studied by observing the effects of the plant extracts on the sporulation of the Eimeria tenella oocysts. Drug resistance and consumer demanding decrease in the use of drugs in animals have generated interest in alternative strategies to control the avian disease one of which is herbal intervention studies. Fresh faecal samples were collected from infected birds and their oocysts load determined. Dilutions of the extracts (100mg, 250mg, 400mg, 550mg, 700mg and 850mg per ml) in distilled water were prepared and placed in separate well labelled petri dishes. 100 oocysts were added to each petri dish and the set up was left at ambient temperature on the laboratory table and monitored twice daily (9.00am and 3.00pm) to observe the sporulation of the oocysts over a 72 hours period. Laboratory sporulation medium (2.5% Potassium dichromate) and Amprolium were used for comparison. The phytochemical result implied that the active ingredients were present mainly in the n-butanol and crude extract fractions with the nbutanol fraction of the Khaya senegalensis extract containing phenols and flavonoids which have antioxidant effects. The in vitro study showed that the n-butanol fraction of K senegalensis (100mg/ml) and the aqueous fraction of Tamarindus indica (100mg/ml) extracts had similar effects to those obtained using Amprolium which was considered as the standard by inhibiting the sporulation of Eimeria tenella oocysts. It is therefore recommended that more work needs to be done to determine the anti coccidial activities of these extracts in vivo.


ABSTRACT Scotland offers a valuable case study of the ways in which a combination of transnational and national structural changes can open up national articulations of 'hegemonic masculinity' to subaltern contestation. During the late twentieth century, the subjection of an imagined industrial community to both global capital flows and state planning priorities produced opportunities for the re-articulation of hegemonic masculinity as a means of securing subaltern agency within a counter-movement against neoliberalism. The defiant but respectable left-wing 'hard man' – a signifier of collective morality and populist counter-legitimacy against state and market – was mobilized by leaders espousing an often explicitly gendered vision of respectable militancy. This article identifies three such leaders: Jimmy Reid, Jim Sillars and Tommy Sheridan. Each leader advocated resistance to market forces and the state by personally embodying a traditional masculine authority rooted in the cultural imaginary of industrial working-class communities. This article examines the parameters of Scottish left-wing populism before analysing its decline in the late twentieth century. Under devolution this populism has been displaced by a more inclusive 'civic' nationalism less comfortable with gendered and militant rhetoric, as the social basis of masculine left populism has been eroded.


The personalized recommendation model is widely applied and has achieved good results in many areas. However, considerable effort is still necessary in education-related recommendations. Therefore, based on a website platform for TOEFL and IELTS writing and some traditional recommendation algorithms, this paper designs an algorithm of hybrid recommendation by considering users' scores and background information, which handles the cold start problem as well. Specifically, the matrix of user and item is filled with users' writing scores, and the default value is replaced by the reliable average scores announced by the authorities of TOEFL and IELTS. Such scores are a solution to data sparsity in a certain degree. Then, personalized writing topics are recommended to new users by calculating the similarity of background information between the new and old users. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has better recommendations compared with other existing algorithms. With these advantages, we design a web-based hybrid recommendation system for online writing with multiple functions.


Abstract:  Many therapies have been studied for the treatment of viral warts, but none are uniformly effective. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of conventional cotton wool bud with that of melamine foam sponge as applicators in the treatment of warts with liquid nitrogen. A paired comparison study was conducted in 27 patients with at least two similar clinical types of warts. Similar clinical lesions were allocated to have liquid nitrogen applied with cotton wool bud or melamine foam sponge. Mean size reduction rate after the first treatment was 30.5% in the cotton wool bud group and 59.1% in the melamine foam sponge group. Mean number of total treatments was 3.05 in the cotton wool bud group and 2.29 in the melamine foam sponge group. Melamine foam sponge was found to be more effective in comparison to conventional cryotherapy with cotton wool bud.


This paper is focused on the present state-of-the art of modifi cations and effects of dietary oxidized lipids during their transit along the gastrointestinal tract. A survey of the literature reporting changes and effects of oxidized lipids before absorption, fi rst in the stomach and then during enzymatic lipolysis in the small intestine, are addressed. Also, the fate of non-absorbed compounds and their potential implications at the colorectal level are discussed. Among the results found, it is shown that acidic gastric conditions and the infl uence of other dietary components may lead to either further oxidation or antioxidative effects in the stomach. Also, changes in oxidized functions, especially of hydroperoxy and epoxy groups, seem likely to occur. Enzymatic hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase is not effective for triacylglycerol polymers, and hence they can be found as non-absorbed oxidized lipids in the large intestine. Interactions of oxidized lipids with cholesterol absorp- tion in the small intestine and with microfl ora metabolism have been also observed.


The antiphase states were observed experimentally in a laser-diode pumped sub-nanosecond microchip Cr,Yb:YAG self-Q-switched multimode laser which is resulted from the spatial hole burning effect. The stable two-mode, and three-mode oscillation are obtained with the increase of the pump power ratio. The modified multimode rate equations including the spatial hole-burning effect in the active medium and the non-linear absorption of the saturable absorber is proposed. The numerical simulations of the antiphase dynamics of such laser are in good agreement with the experimental data and the antiphase dynamics was explained by the evolution of the inversion population and the bleaching and recovery of the inversion population of the saturable absorber.


A low frequency wavelength modulation spectroscopy is acquired with an external cavity tunable diode laser.The wavelength modulation is achieved using the voltage tuning by scanning the piezoelectric stepper motor with rotating of the end mirror in the laser cavity.We process higher harmonic(than 2f)detection of Cesium D 2 line with digital lock in amplifier(SR830)controlled by a computer.We find that 8f harmonic detection is best here with the signal to noise voltage ratio(SNR) being 460.The flow chart of program that controls SR830 and processes datum is also given out.