Growing critical thinking skills in learning mathematics in students is very important. This study aims to determine the improvement if teacher skills, students activities, students learning outcomes in Class III of SD Negeri Geneng 1 with the RME learning model with broken pizza media. The method applied is Classroom Action Research. This research was conducted in 2 cycles and in each cycle there were four stages namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Theresults showed an increase in teacher skills seen from the average teaching skills of teachers in cycle I (2.94), and cycle II (3.67), student activities (2.58), and (2.75), and completeness students' learning outcomes are 5 students (33.3%), and have increased to 12 students (80%.). While the average value of students learning outcomes in the cycle I (52.33) and cycle II (68.5).


Report issued by the Bureau of Mines discussing the ignition of firedamp by coal-mining explosives. Experiments conducted to study the ignition of these particles are described. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.


Use of pulsed power engineering is vast with the applications in the class of Giga and Tera watt devices includes Z pinch which requires high current and high voltages which can be obtained with the many parallel and synchronously operated pulsed power drivers [1]. The device used most often for switching high energies in short times from a capacitor bank is the spark gap switch. The most common design for a spark gap has been the three electrodes, employing an anode, cathode, and triggering electrode. The different triggering schemes for spark gap switches are field distortion type and trigatron type. The field distortion type switch is designed with plane profile [2] electrode for obtaining the uniform field in the discharge gap. The trigger electrode is pin type electrode having disc structure placed exactly in middle of two main high voltage electrodes. The requirement of a capacitor discharge bank for a fast low-impedance switch can be met by using many spark gaps in parallel which reduces the inductance of switch and the circuit, driving high currents into load [3]. The four similar spark gaps connected to four capacitors are in parallel discharging into common load is designed and its experimental results are reported.


ABSTRACTThe State Library of Victoria's $200 million building redevelopment project marks a major turning point in the library's history. As the largest project of its type in Australia, the building redevelopment has provided enormous and complex challenges in terms of creating a contemporary library within the confines of heritage buildings, whilst simultaneously opening up many new opportunities. These opportunities have enabled the library to implement innovative services, re-establish its position as one of Melbourne's most used and recognised cultural landmarks and have provided the catalyst for the formation of the State Library of Victoria Foundation as a core business activity.


This chapter contains two more arguments against pessimism about moral testimony. First, it argues that epistemic justice sometimes requires you to accept moral testimony, despite the fact that doing so seems to clash with autonomy. Both good and bad experiences teach a person what matters, and how much things matter. Those who systematically suffer have moral knowledge that others tend to lack, and whose testimony is routinely dismissed. Epistemic justice demands that we trust their moral testimony. Second, this chapter argues that prioritizing individual autonomy is in tension with another plausible claim: that epistemic solidarity is an important good. When you accept moral testimony, you and the speaker may thereby benefit from the epistemic solidarity that the two of you now stand together in, and that this epistemic solidarity is a moral good, a good you would forego by declining moral testimony on the grounds that to do so would compromise your own autonomy.


The aim of this research was to know the morphological variety of flower in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat through visual observation which use digital camera and then was analyzed descriptively. Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat in this research were C. morifolium var reagen pink , C. morifolium var puma purple, C. morifolium var evergreen, C. morifolium var boris becker, C. morifolium var stroika, C. morifolium var tiger, C. morifolium var remix purple, C. morifolium var jaguar red, C. morifolium var rhino white, C. morifolium var pasopati, C. morifolium var towntalk. From those 11 varieties showed the morphological differences of the flowers, which are the color of ray floret, the quantity of ray floret, the quantity of ray floret layers, the shape of ray floret, the tip of ray floret, the quantity of disk floret, the position of disk floret, the diameter of flower, the length of ray floret, the width of ray floret, the diameter of involucrum and the disk shape. However, this research also look the similarities between the varieties, which are the edge of ray floret (flat), the color of involucrum is green, the adhering of inter-involucrum (star like), the tip of involucrum (dull), transparent coating involucrum, the quantity of involucrum layers (2 layers), the color of the corolla tubes(yellow), the branched and yellow pistil, and yellow anther. From the results it can be concluded that Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat has multiple the morphological differences and similarities of the flower morphology between the varieties.


This paper discusses general issues concerning ultrawideband (UWB) arrays and specifically analyzes time-delay scanning linear arrays of thin dipoles that are excited by a single-cycle sine, when the effects of mutual coupling are neglected. In particular, when the array consists of eleven equally spaced and equally weighted dipoles, the time-domain radiated far field for broadside scan and the energy-density pattern for several scan angles are determined as a function of the observation angle. Also, the beamwidth is defined in terms of the energy-density pattern and is calculated versus different scan angles for selected inter-element spacings.


This article provides a case study of how a business culture imposes modes of educational leadership on a public school system in New York City that has little if any concerns for empowering children, teachers, and the communities. The article provides a counter-narrative that serves to dispel the notion that the culture of educational empowerment is synonymous with a corporate model of leadership and education and that the latter is the best ideological and political template for understanding and governing public schools. In fact, the article attempts to make clear that the culture of business largely functions both to disempower students and teachers and to undercut the ability of schools to connect learning to social change, the power of the imagination, civic courage, and intellectual growth.


Advancement of RGB-D cameras that are capable of tracking human body movement in the form of a skeleton has contributed to growing interest in skeleton-based human action recognition. However, the tracking performance of a single camera is prone to occlusion and is view dependent. In this study, we use fusion skeletal data obtained from two views for recognizing human action. We perform a substitutive fusion based on joint tracking status and build a view-invariant action recognition system. The resulting fusion skeletal data are transformed into histogram of cubes as a frame level feature. Clustering is applied to build a dictionary of frame representatives, and actions are encoded as sequences of frame representatives. Finally, recognition is performed as a sequence matching task by using Dynamic Time Warping with K-nearest neighbor. Experimental results show that fusion skeletal data consistently give better recognition performance than their single view counterpart.


Increased expression of heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) and membrane‐type matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MT1‐MMP) is frequently associated with various types of malignant tumor. HB EGF‐like growth factor has been reported to promote the malignant progression of ovarian carcinoma. Based on this finding, inhibition of HB‐EGF activity with CRM197 is now under phase I clinical evaluation. On the other hand, MT1‐MMP expressed in ovarian carcinoma cells is thought to promote invasion and growth of tumor cells by degrading the extracellular matrix. However, we recently demonstrated that co‐expression of MT1‐MMP and HB‐EGF in gastric carcinoma cells leads to cleavage of HB‐EGF within its N‐terminal heparin‐binding region, converting it into a potent heparin‐independent growth factor. In this study, we evaluated the importance of regulation of HB‐EGF by MT1‐MMP in clinical samples of ovarian carcinoma. We detected co‐expression of HB‐EGF and MT1‐MMP in clear cell ovarian carcinoma tissues, particularly at the invasion front and in tumor cells that had disseminated into the ascites, whereas HB‐EGF alone was expressed in non‐invasive borderline ovarian tumor tissue. Furthermore, a soluble HB‐EGF fragment that corresponds to that processed by MT1‐MMP was detected in malignant ascites obtained from patients with metastatic ovarian carcinoma. Ovarian carcinoma cells that express MT1‐MMP and HB‐EGF exhibited enhanced cell growth in a 3D‐collagen matrix and anchorage‐independent growth in suspension. These results indicate that MT1‐MMP co‐expressed with HB‐EGF in ovarian carcinoma cells potentiates the activity of HB‐EGF to promote invasive tumor growth and spreading in vivo. (Cancer Sci 2011; 102: 111–116)


Increasing biofuel production is worldwide on the political agenda and concerns about the involved trade-offs are on the rise. The aim of this study was to identify functional trade-offs between i) biogas crop production, ii) food and fodder production, iii) water quality and iv) discharge under low flow conditions under climate change conditions. Moreover, our objective was to spot the effects that different crop rotations have with respect to these four objectives. We assume that all solutions initially have equal preference for decision makers. Different preferences of decision makers could be expressed in a later step during the exploration of trade-offs and the selection of design solutions.


ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Power Generating Equipment documents 100 cases of structural and/or functional failure involving equipment used in utility and industrial power facilities, including boilers, burners, steam lines, turbines (gas, steam, wind, and water), cooling systems, nuclear reactors, and radioactive waste containers. The cases describe the investigation, identify the primary cause, and usually include remedial solutions. These case histories have been compiled from a wide variety of ASM International publication types, including ASM Handbook volumes, conference proceedings, technical books, journals, and magazines.


Courtney P. Monillas EFFECTIVE PARENTAL COMMUNICATION ENHANCES PARENTAL PERCEPTION OF SCHOOL 2005 Dr. Ronald Capasso Masters of Arts Degree in School Administration The purpose of the study is to investigate whether mediums that become primary communications between the school district and the families within the middle school that focus on major events, educational practices, mission, goals, individual teacher communication and policies and procedures will affect a parent's perception of the school. The study focused on the impact of a monthly parental newsletter sent home to Brigantine North Middle School parents and if, in fact, it was beneficial as suggested by the New Jersey Indicators. The newsletter was distributed to students to bring home in addition to placement on the district website for all to view. The other mode of communication was Connect-Ed, a school-to-parent communication system enabled the school administrators to send personalized voice messages to the BNMS parents in minutes. Parents were surveyed by the district at the end of the year once again to see if views had changed since the newsletter publication and Connect-Ed inception. While the results, with positive responses Strongly Agree and Agree having over an 85 percent approval rating, show an overall satisfaction with the programs, the results show that the area most in need of improvement is the individual teachers' communication with the parents. The parents, as a whole believe, as seen within the percentages, that the school communicates regular events


A time-resolved plasma diagnostic method is described as it applies to laser-produced sparks in hydrogen gas. Electron densities and temperatures in the ranges of 1019 to 1017 cm−3 and 106 to 1040K, respectively, can be determined with nanosecond time resolution. The diagnostic method is not necessarily restricted to hydrogen plasma and suggestions are given as to possible extensions to other types of plasma.


Over the past few years a multitude of new techniques and technologyhaskept the fieldofgastroenterology rapidlyevolving.Variousminimally invasive techniques fordiagnosis and treatmentof GI diseases havebeendevelopedandare rapidly replacingour traditional treatment practices. Never before has the field of endoscopy seen so many new technological innovations within such a shortperiod.With theapplicationofEUS,MRCPandmost recently virtual reality imaging in treatment of GI disorders, the gastroenterologist of today is facingmore challenges than ever before for a sound judgment of optimalmanagement of his patients.


The study of religion and media in early modern Europe has been shaped by two interrelated narratives: "ocularcentrism", which posits a causal link between the sixteenth-century Reformation and the proliferation of the printed book, and the "de-sensualization" paradigm rooted in the Weberian notion of the disenchantment of the magical, ritualistic and sensuous world of medieval Christianity and its replacement with sober, intellectual, and individual modes of religiosity. Media and religious historians have often stressed the essential role of the "Gutenberg revolution" and visual technologies of communication, while historians of science have repeatedly shown how the invention of early modern optical instruments, such as the telescope or microscope, contributed to the dominance of the eye as an epistemic organ in scientific observation. Without questioning the importance of vision in general, the aim of the workshop "Listening and Knowledge in Reformation Europe (1500–1650)", held at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin in May 2015, was to initiate a more intensive interdisciplinary consideration of the role of sound and hearing in sixteenth-century Europe. The workshop was organized in the framework of the Max Planck research project "Disciplining the Sense of Hearing: Auditory Practices in SixteenthCentury Geneva", which investigates the sensory economy and practices of auditory communication in early Calvinism.1 Taking the religious Reformation as a point of departure, the workshop brought together prominent scholars from different disciplines in order to set up a broader discussion of the epistemic function of hearing in different contexts and fields of action such as architectural acoustics, natural philosophy, sermon listening, memory studies, bodily disciplining, and musical listening. In the six papers (by Matthew Milner, Anna Kvíčalová, JanFriedrich Missfelder, Bruce Smith, Jacomien Prins, and Penelope Gouk), sound and auditory perception were approached both as epistemic tools, consciously used to obtain or advance specific knowledge, and as objects of philosophical and scientific investigation. The objective of the papers was to examine how performative and speculative knowledge of the auditory was located within a network of specific social and disciplinary practices, patterns of individual behaviour, and configurations of objects of material culture. Despite the historiographical narrative of the hegemony of vision that gives primacy to the eye in Western epistemology and media communication, research


Reconstruction algorithms to compute a single improved resolution image from multiple lower resolution images have application in the design of cameras with flat form factors. The accuracy of these reconstructions depend on measurement noise, measurement quantization, the structure of the image acquisition system, and the accuracy of the image acquisition model. The paper compares the expected and simulated performance for reconstructions from multiple lower resolution images. The analysis shows that designs using lenses with different imaging characteristics significantly improve the theoretical performance results. In addition, lens diversity allows the reconstruction problem to be naturally partitioned into a set of loosely coupled smaller reconstructions that are computationally more manageable.


The paper reviews an algorithm for the classification of landscape elements and identification of small objects in hyperspectral images by the method of sequential quadratic programming that determines the fraction of these objects in a pixel. The detection of a projective cover of vineyards is taken here as an example of practical implementation of the algorithm.


Known etiological factors for cholangiocarcinoma include hepatolithiasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, pancreaticobiliary maljunction, and liver flukes such as Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis. Recently, we have reported relatively young workers with cholangiocarcinoma who were exposed to extremely high concentrations of 1,2dichloropropane (DCP) and/or dichloromethane (DCM) for a long-term period [1–3]. These chlorinated organic solvents were used to clean ink residue in the offset proofprinting process. The cholangiocarcinoma in such workers was recognized as an occupational disease (occupational cholangiocarcinoma) by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare on 1 October 2013 [4]. Humans are infected with liver flukes by ingesting the metacercariae in raw, fermented and/or partially cooked freshwater fish such as carp [5]. In northwest Thailand, there is a high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma due to Opisthorchis viverrini caused by infections from the consumption of raw freshwater fish such as genera Puntius, Cyclocheilichthys and Hampala. In Japan, Clonorchis sinensis were occasionally found in patients with biliary diseases many years ago in a limited area where people commonly ate raw freshwater fish. Usually, Japanese people eat raw fish from the sea, but not raw freshwater fish. The number of patients infected with Clonorchis sinensis has been dramatically decreased due to the improvements in health supervision and the decrease in the number of shellfish (Bithvnia sp) serving as a first intermediate host. So far, only 12 patients with cholangiocarcinoma associated with liver flukes have been reported in Japan. All of these patients were older than 50 years old (10 patients were older than 60 years old) and liver flukes were found in the bile or the resected specimens in all patients. The 17 patients in our previous first report [2] and the eight of nine patients in our second report [3] were younger than 50 years (one patient was 57 years old). Liver flukes were not detected in the bile, the resected specimen or the feces in any of the 26 patients. On diagnostic imaging, regional dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts without tumor-induced obstruction, like primary sclerosing cholangitis, was found to be a characteristic of patients with occupational cholangiocarcinoma [2, 3]. However, such findings have not been reported in cholangiocarcinoma patients with Clonorchis sinensis. As a result, the liver fluke infection could not be considered to have been the cause of the cholangiocarcinoma in the 26 previously reported patients [2, 3]. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer assessed the carcinogenicity of DCP and DCM, and decided that DCP should be classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence in humans that exposure to DCP causes cholangiocarcinoma (biliary tract cancer), including our report [2]. DCM was classified as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) on the basis of limited evidence [6]. The epidemiologic relationship between chlorinated organic solvents and the development of cholangiocarcinoma has not been clarified. A large cohort set-up for four Nordic countries (Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) over a period of 45 years showed an increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma among individuals employed at the printing companies, although the study included various types of workers, such as typographers, printers, lithographers and bookbinders [7]. The results showed that the increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma among workers in the printing company in Osaka possibly extends beyond the specific company and country. It is therefore important to recognize that chlorinated organic solvents have possible carcinogenic effects, including the potential of development of cholangiocarcinoma.


In the wake of the culture wars and a clash of ideologies and visions around Australia's national identity, this article examines the Rudd Labor government's position within that debate around social identity and social policy. The article offers a provocation to the Labor federal Member for Port Adelaide and Parliamentary Secretary for Health, The Hon Mark Butler MP. That provocation highlights Labor's past insufficiencies in the culture wars, and underscores the centrality of issues of national identity in the ideas debate. The provocation then questions how these issues are evolving under the Rudd Labor government as it moves through its first term. Mark Butler offers a broad ranging response, detailing his perspective on how Labor is navigating these issues of national identity and social policy, and putting these perspectives into historical context. Introduction Moving through Labor's first term of government in Australia, and in a climate where all conversations take a backseat to the global financial crisis, it is interesting to reflect on Australia's sense of national identity and on what it means, in terms of the politics of identity, to be Australian. The global financial crisis leaves little room for illusions of insularity, or for any clinging to a belief that Australia is in some sense a fortress, or an island in an economic or political sense. Economically, Australia is enmeshed within the world and within a global community, having slipped the moorings of its protected past to drift into a global present. But if the economic realities are uncontested, the same cannot be said of Australia's sense of its social position. This paper brings the issue of the social - the issue of Australia's national identity - to the fore. The paper starts with a reminder of what has broadly been called the culture wars, and of the retreat into conservatism of Australia's sense of itself in the years following the defeat of the Keating Labor government. It then asks a series of questions about the current Labor government's position on, or imagination of, national identity, and about how that is articulated in policy terms. In other words, as economic policy gets played out nakedly and flamboyantly and with no questions about the fact that being Australian implies a sense of cosmopolitan and global citizenship, this paper asks questions about the policy landscape and political vision which the Labor party is sketching around social issues. In a broad ranging response to the questions posed in this article's opening provocation, The Hon Mark Butler MP, federal Labor Member for Port Adelaide and Parliamentary Secretary for Health, paints a picture of where Australia is tracking with its sense of identity and its sense of a place in the world, and he paints - in his own words - an impression of the government's and the Labor party's role in that unfurling. Butler comes to the task as a new MP, elected in 2007, and as part of an emerging new face of Labor. He begins his response by putting the question of Australian national identity in historical context and looking at Labor's role in that history. He then moves his focus to questions of social, foreign and economic policy in order to tease out recent developments in the evolution of an Australian sense of self prior to the election of the Rudd Labor government, and since that government's inception. Butler reflects on the Rudd government's role in reshaping Australia's image of itself and the image it projects overseas. He looks at the evolution of Australia's nation building and identity-shaping policy environment over the first half of Labor's first term in government. Critically, he seeks to answer a question as to whether the Rudd government is playing out a series of ad hoc or hodgepodge policy positions, or whether a sum of social policy initiatives so far flagged under Labor constitutes a coherent vision or message about how Labor sees questions of identity, and about how it sees Australia, its place in the world and what is meant by the idea of Australian citizenship. …


SOME realisation of the importance which entomology has assumed in the service of modern medicine will be obtained by scanning the pages of this up-to-date book, the joint authors of which have each in their respective fields gained considerable reputations as medical entomologists. This is the first of four volumes which, when all have been published, will cover the field of entomology in its bearing upon human medicine, public health, tropical hygiene, and veterinary medicine. It has been prepared to meet the needs of medical graduates qualifying for the diploma in tropical medicine at Liverpool.Insects, Ticks, Mites, and Venomous Animals of Medical and Veterinary Importance.Part 1: Medical. Prof. Walter Scott Patton Dr. Alwen M. Evans. Pp. x + 785 + 61 plates. (Liverpool: Department of Entomology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1929.) 20s.


Background: Microvolt T‐wave alternans (MTWA) has been proposed as a predictor of the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and a meta‐analysis of MTWA in primary prevention patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy.


Highlights This is the first study on the effects of climate change on SARS in Iran. The result shows a positive association between the incidence of SARS and bio-climatic variables. This study shows the hospital admissions for climate-related respiratory diseases in Iran will increase by 36% in 2020–2050. The geographical distribution of the SARS will also change in 2050 in Iran. Abstract Climate change affects human health, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) incidence is one of the health impacts of climate change. This study is a retrospective cohort study. Data have been collected from the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education between 17 February 2016 and17 February 2018. The Neural Network Model has been used to predict SARS infection. Based on the results of the multivariate Poisson regression and the analysis of the coexistence of the variables, the minimum daily temperature was positively associated with the risk of SARS in men and women. The risk of SARS has increased in women and men with increasing daily rainfall. According to the result, by changes in bioclimatic parameters, the number of SARS patients will be increased in cities of Iran. Our study has shown a significant relationship between SARS and the climatic variables by the type of climate and gender. The estimates suggest that hospital admissions for climate-related respiratory diseases in Iran will increase by 36% from 2020 to 2050. This study demonstrates one of the health impacts of climate change. Policymakers can control the risks of climate change by mitigation and adaptation strategists.


Purpose
This study aims to offer a comprehensive review of mobile payment (m-payment) research in hospitality and tourism.

Design/methodology/approach
This study systematically reviews 105 m-payment-themed publications retrieved from five research engines including EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus. Content analysis is used to draw insights from the articles.

Findings
Results show that research on m-payment in hospitality and tourism is generally categorized into consumer, supplier and policy dimensions. This study proposes a framework to summarize the demand–supply research standpoints and conditions that qualify research outcomes while providing contemporary policy-related discussions. Four research priorities for future studies are recommended.

Practical implications
Knowledge accumulation and policy-related discussions identified in this study equip practitioners with the opportunities and challenges brought by m-payment. This study provides recommendations according to the factors that drive adoption of m-payment.

Originality/value
This study addresses the academic gaps by critically analyzing m-payment research in hospitality and tourism and identifying four research priorities for future studies.


Temporal uncertainty is a feature of many real-world planning problems. One of the most successful formalisms for dealing with temporal uncertainty is the Simple Temporal Problem with uncertainty (STP-u). A very attractive feature of STP-u's is that one can determine in polynomial time whether a given STP-u is dynamically controllable, i.e., whether there is a guaranteed means of execution such that all the constraints are respected, regardless of the exact timing of the uncertain events. Unfortunately, if the STP-u is not dynamically controllable, limitations of the formalism prevent further reasoning about the probability of legal execution. In this paper, we present an alternative formalism, called Probabilistic Simple Temporal Problems (PSTPs), which generalizes STP-u to allow for such reasoning. We show that while it is difficult to compute the exact probability of legal execution, there are methods for bounding the probability both from above and below, and we sketch alternative candidate algorithms for this purpose. Computing the probability of legal execution allows a temporal planner to decide, when uncertainty is present, whether to accept or reject candidate plans.


The invention discloses a pour point depressant of lubricating oil, which is a terpolymer of pentaerythritol-2-fatty acid ester, fumaric acid and acrylamide. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the pour point depressant of the lubricating oil, which comprises the following steps: firstly, enabling the pentaerythritol-2-fatty acid ester and the fumaric acid to react, dropwise adding the acrylamide and a toluene solution of an initiator of benzoyl peroxide under the protection of nitrogen gas, reacting for 5-7h at constant temperature, then regulating the pH to a neutral state, afterwards leaching and drying in vacuum so as to obtain the pour point depressant of the lubricating oil. The pour point depressant has a favorable pour point depressant function to various types of lubricating oil and has wide range of the working temperature, stable performance, very high industrial application value and extensive development prospect.


The conventional system of mostly statistical prerequisites (determined input variables, uncorrelated and equally accurate output, the normal law of their distribution) serving as a basis for a classical regression analysis that is widely used to identify control objects, is often not observed in real condition. The paper suggests an interval mathematics apparatus as a new computational method that guarantees the accuracy of the research results in the analysis and synthesis of automatic systems. In the interval mathematics apparatus real (point values) are replaced with interval values. This confirms the scientific novelty of the research topic. The purpose of the latter is to develop a method of interval analysis and synthesis of automatic systems of control objects as exemplified by mobile agricultural units. Research methods and techniques include the experiment, the adoption of a mathematical model of control object (CO), its assessment, the definition of its point and interval parameters, the adequacy and accuracy specifications, and testing the significance of the coefficients and forecasting the CO output signals. The proposed approach allows modelling agricultural machinery as integral dynamic COs and monitoring their design accuracy, which determines the development of effective quality and stability control systems. The authors have developed a method of interval evaluations of amplitude-frequency and amplitude-phase characteristics that provide for the analysis of stability, quality and control system synthesis in view of the CO description inaccuracies.


This paper argues that the nonidentity problem is really an artifact of faulty causal reasoning. In order to solve the nonidentity problem, we must determine that an agent causes a loss of happiness to another agent by means of an action that also causes the victim to exist. Woodward's (2003) test for actual causation yields just this result. Equally crucial to solving the problem is the recognition that harms must be intentional and that intentionality is a function of norm-violation; this latter position is defended by Holton (2010). That the solution proposed is adequate is defended on the grounds that it yields intuitively correct judgments for a host of imaginary scenarios contemplated by theorists focused on determining what should count as harms.


Passive radar permits inexpensive and stealthy detection and tracking of aerospace and geoscience targets. Transmitters of opportunity such as commercial FM broadcast, DTV broadcast, and cell phone towers are already illuminating many populated areas with continuous power. Passive radar receivers can be located at a distance from the transmitter, and can sense this direct transmission as well as any reflections from ground clutter, aircraft, ionospheric turbulence and meteoroids. The 100% duty cycle allows for long coherent integration, increasing the sensitivity of these instruments greatly. Presented here is a new passive radar receiver designed to analyze any transmission of opportunity with frequencies up to 1.5 GHz without the use of a front end analog downconverter. The receiver centers around a Reconfigurable Open Architecture Computing Hardware (ROACH) board developed by the Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER) group. The radar is designed for mobile operation. It fits within a 19" rack, it is equipped with solid state hard drives, and can run off an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for up to 1 hour of continuous operation. In this paper we describe technical details of the hardware, firmware, and software of the system including the use of polyphase filtering in lieu of traditional digital downconversion. We describe the use of the cross-ambiguity function as a detection mechanism. We present preliminary results of detections from this radar. In stationary operation, the same helicopter has been detected using two different DTV transmissions. We present early results of mobile operation, in which the doppler-spread ground clutter and possible detection of aircraft can be seen, again with the use of DTV broadcast. Finally, we detail future developments to exploit the full capabilities of this versatile new system.


The aim of this study was to analyze kinetic and metabolic features of two hybridomas for monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) production for blood typing. Two lines of hybridomas, ED7 and ED9, were evaluated to produce anti-A and anti-AB, respectively. Experiments with ED7 and ED9 lines were conducted in a 500mL spinner flask and 2L bioreactor, using two different basal culture media, both with 10 % v/v addition of fetal bovine serum. The results revealed the necessity of additional supplementation of the culture media to meet the nutritional demands of the cells. Through nutritional balance and cultivation in better controlled conditions in the bioreactor, it was possible to raise the maximum specific growth rate μmax in 8.2 % and the productivity of anti-A in 148 % with the line ED7. For the ED9 line the μmax decreased 9.5% but the productivity of anti-AB increased 33.3%.


von Neumann algebras Group actions and subfactors Values of the index, Virasoro algebra Construction of examples, further structure The braid group and its representations Knots and links The knot polynomial $V_L$ Knots and statistical mechanics The algebraic approach.


Clothing and bedding are some of the primary needs in daily life. The fast changing fashion trends requires companies to consider the market demand for the product to sell well. Thus, the need for decision-making in every production of clothes and blankets. This problem of decision making can be categorized as Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM is one of the decision making problems whichaim is to establish the best alternative from a number of alternatives based on several criteria. One of the method to solve the problems of MCDM is ELECTRE method, which is used to determine the best alternative with multiple criteria decision making based on the outranking concept. The results obtained in the selection of clothes and bedding products in Alpis Home Industry convection show that the best alternative is the adult collared shirt which dominates other alternatives. With the product recommendation, the company can improve the stability of clothes and blankets manufacture production and minimize the accumulation of goods in the warehouse.Thus, ELECTRE method can be used in decision making product selection of clothing and blankets in Alpis Home Industry convection.


Declaring that he is Catholic, Jesuit trained, and a part-time teacher at the University of San Francisco Law School, Brown offered to excuse him self from the case. Gay Rights Advo cates' lawyer Don Knutson, however, decided that Brown should hear it. " I believe Ira Brown to be a fair-minded judge," Knutson told the Sentinel late yesterday afternoon. " I don't believe that he made the right deci, sion, but I'm not going to lay the decision to his prejudices."


Objective To research efficacy and safety of Naoxintong in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with heart failure.Methods patients with AMI by myocardial infarction sites were randomly divided into the conventional therapy group and Naoxintong group,each of the 30 cases,a total of six months.Before and after treatment,serum IL-6,blood pressure,heart rate,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVED) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were detected.Results for six months later the conventional treatment group and Naoxintong group LVED had no significant expansion(P0.05),LVEF increased (P0.05),Naoxintong IL-6 levels were significantly lower(P0.05). LVED,LVEF had no significant difference(P0.05) in conventional treatment group and Naoxintong group.Conclusion Naoxintong treatment can decrease IL-6 levels,improve LVEF,benefit AMI patients with heart failure prognosis.


In March, Governor Deval Patrick declared the Massachusetts opioid-addiction epidemic a public health emergency, a move that allows governors and health officials to take extraordinary legal action. This unusual invocation of emergency powers raises important questions.


From a theoretical point of view, public-private partnership (PPP) is constantly associated within academic literature dedicated to local economic development (LED) with a mechanism capable of stimulating local economy through implementation of general interest projects. However, poor empirical evidence proving the impact of PPPs on LED can be found in the literature body. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to present the results of an empiric analysis on the impact public sector and business environment relationship has on the economic and social development process of local communities, in a Romanian context. Research reveals the extent to which PPPs contribute to economic development at local level (county level), using the results of a questionnaire administered to county authorities representatives


A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of terazosin in pure and dosage forms is proposed. The drug forms a stable green chromogen with ferric chloride and potassium ferricyanide, exhibiting maximum absorption at 740 nm. The chromogen obeys Beer - Lambert's law in the concentration range of 1-1 0 I¼g/ml.


This paper discusses the effect of nanoclays on thermal degradation of unsaturated polyester resin with and without conventional flame retardants. Unsaturated polyester nanocomposites were prepared by in-situ polymerization with exfoliated structures. Simultaneous DTA-TGA analysis showed that nanoclays reduce thermal stability of the unsaturated polyester resin below 600C and after that there was no change. Nanoclays also reduce the onset of degradation temperature of the resin. Above 600 C, char formation is enhanced but not to the same extent as reported in literature for other polymer (e.g., nylon, polystyrene, etc.) – nanocomposite structures. The effect of conventional flame retardants ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate with and without dipentaeythritaol and alumina trihydrate on thermal degradation of resin was also studied. All these flame retardants enhance char formation of the resin above 400C and presence of nanoclays promotes further increase. Analysis of the thermogravimetric data indicates that this enhancement in char formation is not as much as expected when compared with similar other polymer nanocomposite structures.  Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1204-903517 ; fax: +44-1204-399074. E-mail address: email@example.com "Thermal degradation behaviour of flame retardant unsaturated polyester resins incorporating functionalised nanoclays", B K Kandola, S Gawande and A R Horrocks, in "Fire Retardancy of Polymers: New Applications of Mineral Fillers", eds M Le Bras, C A Wilkie, S Bourbigot, S DuQuesne and C Jama, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, 2005, pp 147-159 2


working capacity, taking more humble jobs or be coming unemployed. The most typical pattern of drinking history was that the patients started in early adult life, gradually drinking more regularly and changing to stronger drinks (Arak is much favoured, at 30—35per cent alcohol). Depression and anxiety were common as was impotence in the married (18 cases) and increasing jealousy seriously impairing the marriage (16 cases). Thirty-eight patients had had morning tremor, 26 blackouts, 7 convulsions, and 14 attacks of delirium tremens. Six had cognitive disorders associated with dementia or the Korsakov or Wernicke syndromes. Thirty-two patients complained of gastro-intestinal symptoms, in 13 of which these had been the reason for admission. Seventeen had numbness and paraes thesiae in their limbs but only 9 had neurological signs suggestive of peripheral neuropathy. The serum alkaline phosphatase and glutamic pyruvic trans aminase were raised in ten patients. We treated the patients in hospital for two to four weeks with vitamins and decreasing doses of benzo diazepines. There wereextensive interviews with patients and their wives, to assess personality and other psychiatric problems, and to discuss, emphasise and


[Objective] Solve the problems of low survival rate and varieties update high cost of Camellia oleifera.[Method]Different of grafting time,thickness of rootstock,grafting method,maturity of the scion on survival rate of Camellia oleifera were studied.[Result] With 4-6 cm diameter branches as rootstocks,scion was born with pumping half lignified branches with green leaf,side grafting from mid May to early June,grafting survival rate reached 94%.[Conclusion] The research results can access grafting success in 1 year and reduce the cost of reconstruction varieties


Mandibular advancement device (MAD) can be used as a treatment alternative on apnea and sleep in moderate obstructive sleep apnea. Polysomnographic sleep studies were performed on two patients before and about 1 year after continuous use of the MADs. The results were compared. In the first case, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) before treatment was 22.0 and decreased, to 4.3, after 1 year of treatment. The AHI after 1 year of usage differed significantly from the pretreatment value. In the second case, the AHI before treatment was 21.4 and decreased to 10.1 after 1 year of treatment. The 1-year clinical evaluation showed preserved dental status, preserved action of the masticatory muscles, and preserved function of the temporomandibular joint. The MADs reduced apneas and improved sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, especially in those with mild or moderate disease.


As volumes of e-waste (WEEE) are increasing worldwide, the environmental and health impacts caused by this waste stream are leading to rising concern over how it is managed and disposed of. In the European Union this has been addressed by the WEEE Directive, a policy requiring all Member States to have a system for managing e-waste. The revised policy (Directive 2012/19/EU) sets increasingly ambitious targets for countries to achieve. Within this context, this thesis evaluates the Italian WEEE management system with particular focus on how the policy is transposed, how it is received by the stakeholders and whether or not the intended outcomes are actually being reached. The WEEE Directive is transposed differently across all Member States and this leaves questions about how national systems perform and where their weaknesses lie. Using a set of complementary analytical methods, this research evaluates the performance of the Italian system with the use of intervention theory combined with three performance criteria: effectiveness, legitimacy and transparency. The findings of this thesis highlight the areas in which Italian WEEE management is facing challenges and where it is succeeding. On the basis of the findings, recommendations are provided to enhance the system performance in light of the increasingly stringent EU targets. (Less)


Solidification behavior of LaFe13-x-ySixCoy alloys was investigated by using of arc melting.Phase formation and structure in LaFe13-x-ySixCoy alloys has been studied by XRD and SEM.The results show that La(Fe,Co,Si)13 phase is a peritectic phase.The solidification behavior of LaFe13-x-ySixCoy alloys depends on x and y.With x≤1.0 and y=0-0.6,the microstructure of the sample is made of α-(Fe,Si) dendrites and interdendritic eutectic phase,and is La+α-Fe and La(Fe,Co) Si while x=0 and x0,respectively.The α-(Fe,Si) phase is the primary phase,and the La(Fe,Co) Si phase increases with x increasing.The microstructure of the alloy with x=1.5 is made of α-(Fe,Si) dendrites,La(Fe,Co,Si)13 and La(Fe,Co)Si phase,and the La(Fe,Co,Si)13 phase increases with y increasing.


BACKGROUND
Phytoglycogen (PHY; PhytoSpherix; Mirexus Biotechnologies), a highly branched polysaccharide extracted from sweet corn, has considerable potential for exercise oxidation due to its low viscosity in water, high water retention, and exceptional stability.

OBJECTIVES
Using gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry, we investigated dose-response oxidation of ingested PHY during prolonged, moderate-intensity exercise.

METHODS
Thirteen men (≥1 y endurance-training experience, ≥6 d·wk-1, ∼1-1.5 h·d-1; age, 25.7 ± 5.5 y; mass, 79.3 ± 10.0 kg;  V̇O2max, 59.9 ± 5.5 mL·kg-1·min-1; means ± SDs) cycled for 150 min (50% maximal watt output) while ingesting PHY concentrations of 0.0% (0.0 g·min-1), 3.6% (0.5 g·min-1), 7.2% (1.0 g·min-1), 10.8% (1.5 g·min-1), or 14.4% (2 g·min-1) in water (2100 mL) (n = 7-10/dose). Substrate oxidation was determined using stable-isotope methods and indirect calorimetry.

RESULTS
PHY oxidation plateaued between 60 and 150 min of exercise and increased (P < 0.001) from 0.49 to 0.72 g·min-1 with 0.5- and 1.0-g·min-1 doses without further increases (0.76 and 0.73 g·min-1; P > 0.05) with 1.5 or 2 g·min-1. Peak PHY oxidation (0.84 ± 0.04 g·min-1) occurred in the final 30 min of exercise with 2 g·min-1. Exercise blood glucose was greater (5.1 mmol·L-1) with 1.0-, 1.5-, and 2-g·min-1 doses compared with that of 0.5 (4.7 mmol·L-1) or 0.0 g·min-1 (4.2 mmol·L-1) (P < 0.0001). Gastrointestinal distress was minimal except with 2 g·min-1 (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
In male endurance athletes, PHY oxidation plateaued at 0.72-0.76 g·min-1 during 150 min of cycling at 50% Wmax (peak oxidation of 0.84 g·min-1 occurred during the final 30 min). This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02909881.


Link to the Online Student Survey form for SPC Library Instruction classes.
Electronic version of the form was formatted by Kimbel May, SPC Librarian.


The research at hand deals with the mechanical behavior of beam-like nanostructures. Nanobeams are assembled of multiple layers of different materials and geometry giving a layered nanobeam. To properly address experimentally noticed size effects in structures of this type, an adequate nonlocal elasticity formulation must be applied. The present model relies on the stress-driven integral methodology that effectively circumvents known deficiencies of other approaches. As a main contribution, a set of differential equations and boundary conditions governing the underlaying mechanics is proposed and applied to two benchmark examples. The obtained results show the expected stiffening nonlocal behavior exhibiting most of smaller and smaller structures and modern devices.


Background: The expressed attitude is a psychological component that represents a mental and emotionalentity that inherent or characterizes a person. The positive and negative attitude that we express representswho we are and how we are connected to ourselves and society. An attitude is usually formed based on theindividual's past and present events in life. Also, social environment and lifestyle play a role in attitudeformation. Studies indicate that mental health professionals hold mixed attitude such as positive and negativetowards mental illness hence this study was carried out to find out the expressed attitude of mental healthprofessionals towards children with autism spectrum disorder.Method : Attitude Questionnaire by (Sethi et al., 1982) was modified for the study and the responses werecollected from 21 mental health professionals (5 psychologists, 5 psychiatric nurses, 4 psychiatrists, 4psychiatric social workers, 3 special educators). The collected data was computed with descriptive statistics,t-test and ANOVA by using SPSS version 20.Result : The outcome of the study indicate, the significant difference between the positive and negativeattitude of mental health professionals towards children with autism spectrum disorder and also it provides thesupporting data on positive emotionality of mental health professionals towards children with an autismspectrum disorder.


Maculinea nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) was recently discovered in two parts of the Transylvanian basin. External characters of these populations completely agree with the original description of Maculinea nausithous kijevensis (Sheljuzhko, 1928) and show some small but constant differences against the Central European nominotypic populations. Since the habitats and host ant selection of these populations are also different from the Central European populations, we consider M. nausithous kijevensis stat. rev. as valid subspeci c taxon. Specimens with the same external characters were also collected in northeastern Romania, in Kazakhstan and in the western part of the Altai Mts. Therefore we believe that this subspecies has a wider Euro-Siberian distribution.


It was predicted, based on Yamagishi's (1995) "emancipation theory of trust, " (1) that the mere exposure to social uncertainty would increase subject's distrust of "outsiders, " and (2) that the distrust of "outsiders"would be stronger among those who have formed a commitment relationship with another participant than among those who have not. The results of an experiment conducted both in Japan and the United States successfully confirmed these two predictions. These results imply a mutually reinforcing relationship between commitment formed as a means to reduce social uncertainty and distrust of "outsiders. " Further implications of these findings on the contemporary Japanese society are discussed.


Emergent or unproven technologies occupy a central role in post-Paris debates about climate change goals and their feasibility. New technologies have often faced major political and social challenges and the way they are communicated is changing as technical experts and scientists play a greater role in communicating directly online. We review the scope and key characteristics of communications on carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies presenting data from a comprehensive survey of websites compiled to assess the state of global CCS communications. Our key empirical finding is that existing communications are techno-centric in their framing, overlooking economic, political and institutional aspects of CCS as a societal arrangement. We also find an overrepresentation of traditionally less trusted actors from business and government (resulting in a pro-CCS bias), rather than by independent academic researchers or NGOs. We offer some recommendations for how CCS and similarly emergent climate technologies might be better communicated in the age of the Internet, not just in terms of their technical features but also in terms of their societal impacts and the role they might play in a wider social and political context.


It is an honor to address the Honorable Members of Congress and my colleagues here who are dedicated to ending human trafficking. I would also like to thank the National Center on Sexual Exploitation for inviting me to this important briefing. The title of this presentation, "Why We Must Oppose the Full Decriminalization of Prostitution," first requires a basic overview of definitions and legal frameworks that govern prostitution, and its links between human trafficking, the sex trade, gender-based violence, and discrimination. The question often arises as to the relationship between sex trafficking and the sex trade, particularly prostitution. Human trafficking operates under market equations of supply and demand. Labor trafficking thrives on the demand for cheap goods and forced labor, and as it relates to sex trafficking, it is the demand for prostitution that fuels the multi-billion dollar sex trade. Under these market rules, the sex trade operates as vast economies of unflinching exploitation.


Android is a popular platform designed for mobile devices. It consists of a customized Linux kernel, middleware, and a few core applications such as the Phone application. The middleware, commonly referred to as the Android framework, provides libraries and runtime services to applications. Applications in Android are written mainly in Java. Once compiled, Android transforms its applications into the Dalvik Executable (or DEX) format to minimize the memory footprint. Android uses a Java VM called Dalvik to execute DEX bytecode. Unlike other mobile OSes, Android has a unique permission mechanism. At development time, an application developer needs to explicitly request permissions by including them in an application confguration fle (AndroidManifest.xml). We refer to this confguration fle simply as the manifest in the remainder of the paper. At installation time, each user needs to review the permissions that the application requests and explicitly grant them. Android currently has over 130 permissions applications can request in API level 17. These permissions are API-oriented and access-based, i.e., permissions control access to sensitive APIs (referred to as protected APIs). Generally, an application can ask for permissions to use protected APIs for phone resources (e.g, storage, NFC, WiFi, etc.) or information available on the phone (e.g., contacts, location, call logs, etc.). While this permission mechanism is effective in pinpointing which sensitive APIs that an application uses, it does not provide any insight into what the application actually does with the APIs. Thus, our goal is to complement the existing mechanism by providing both behavioral information of a single application as well as the interactions among multiple applications. This thesis proposes Flow Permissions, an extension to the Android permission mechanism. Unlike the existing permission mechanism, our permission mechanism contains semantic information based on information fows. Flow Permissions allow users to examine and grant perapp information fows within an application (e.g., a permission for reading the phone number and sending it over the network) as well as cross-app information fows across multiple applications (e.g., a permission for reading the phone number and sending it to another application already installed on the user's phone). Our goal with Flow Permissions is to provide visibility into the holistic behavior of the applications installed on a user's phone. In order to support Flow Permissions on Android, we have developed a static analysis engine that detects fows within an Android application. We have also modifed Android's existing permission mechanism and installation procedure to support Flow Permissions. Along with rapid growth of Android market, both Android malware and benignware have been evolved and become more complicated. Due to the diverse functionalities modern apps provide, the benign apps are more complex and it is common for a benign app to leverage multiple sensitive data sources for normal usage. Besides, malware apps disguise themselves as benign apps and hide the malicious code among benign code. It becomes more and more diffcult to distinguish malware apps from benign apps. As a result, mobile malware detection continues to be a challenging problem, with security researchers estimating new malware being created and deployed every 4.2 seconds. To combat this problem, there have been many different proposed approaches and tools proposed in recent years. However, all these tools are evaluated on hand selected or private data sets, making comparison across tools and techniques very diffcult. The only common comparison point is a public malware benchmark set gathered in 2012. To tackle these issues, this paper introduces a new benchmark app set for comparing and contrasting Android malware detection strategies. We begin with a survey and systematic study of 56,000 modern malware apps. We discuss current Android malware detection tools and synthesize a set of features/metrics that these tools leverage. Next, we statistically analyze our dataset based on these metrics. We consider the evolution of both malware and benign applications with respect to these metrics. Based on these studies and comparisons we select a representative 1,000 malware apps and 1,000 benign apps as a modern app benchmark. Along with the explosive growth of smartphone sales, the threat of Android malware is spreading rapidly, especially those repackaged Android malware. This thesis proposes a new


In this paper we present a new fast and low-complex frequency estimation method for single-tone sinusoidal signals able to achieve the Cramer-Rao lower bound. In comparison to other frequency estimation methods, the proposed one has a better trade-off between complexity and estimation range and its implementation is feasible even in resource-constrained microcontrollers, as those commonly used in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications and low-cost instrumentation.


The technology of determining the external shape of the coolig tower, using a photogrammetric method along tangent line of the observation radiuses with the real shape are presented. The determination procedure of the theoretical shape is discribed in the project. Some basic technologies are presented and the examples of their application in chosen polish cooling towers of various size are given.


Abstract : This document contains the notes and briefings from the 1998 Army after Next conference that was held on the 24-26 June 1998. Some of the topics discussed were Future Personnel Management, Teams and Organizations, Information Technology, The Leadership Challenge, Army Science Board of Human Behavior in Combat and Strategic Human Resources Management.


This study presents the results of a multiyear effort to monitor the diamond mining activities of Côte d'Ivoire's two main diamond regions, Séguéla and Tortiya. The innovative approach developed for this study integrates archival reports and maps, high-resolution satellite imagery, and terrain modeling to assess the diamond resource potential and production capacity of the Séguéla and Tortiya deposits.


This chapter opens with teaching therapists how to lead a brief mindfulness exercise at the start of therapy sessions to increase clients' present-moment awareness. The chapter describes the NOTE acronym as a means to help clients remember the skills they have learned up to this point: to notice what is happening, observe thoughts and feelings for what they are, turn toward their values, and engage in what matters. If clients have sufficiently built up acceptance and defusion skills, therapist may begin work on self-as-context. The chapter concludes with explaining how to introduce self-as-context to clients and provide metaphors to illustrate this tricky concept.


The endosteal surface of long bones of dogs prepared for streaming potential measurements was shown by Feulgen and PAS reactions to be heterogenous in composition. FDA-PI treatment showed that most of the cells remaining on the endosteal surface were living. Streaming potentials of the endosteal surface of bones and the luminal surface of arteries of dogs were measured in 0.01 M HEPES, pH 7.4 in 5.2% glucose before and after treatment with KCN, DNP, glutaraldehyde, or heparin, and used to calculate ξ-potentials. KCN, DNP and glutaraldehyde significantly altered ξ-potentials of bones whereas only DNP and heparin significantly changed the ξ-potentials of arteries. When the relative amount of endosteal surface of bone composed of exposed bone matrix was increased by drilling the ξ-potentials also increased. The results indicate that: a) both cellular and non-cellular elements contribute to the surface charge of endosteal bone, and b) the heterogenous endosteal bone surface and the cellular luminal arterial s...


While the parameterization of rotation discussed in chapter 13 has received wide attention, much less emphasis has been placed on that of motion. This is probably due to the fact that the analysis of motion is often described in terms of rather abstract mathematical formulations. For instance, Ball [259] and Angeles [260] used the concepts of twists and wrenches. A systematic, coordinate-free exposition of the different algebraic operations in the set of in nitesimal displacements (screws) and their relation with nite displacement was developed by Chevallier [261]. Euler motion parameters are closely related to the dual-number quaternion algebra techniques used in kinematics [262, 263, 264]. Dual numbers, vectors, and matrices are described in the textbook by Fisher [265] and have received considerable attention in kinematics [1, 23, 22], dynamics [266, 267], and elastodynamics [268]. Many of these studies have shown that the most ef cient and elegant implementations of dual-number techniques are based on general screw theory with the screw expressed by means of Plücker coordinates, see section 5.1. Borri et al.[269] addressed the problem of parameterization of motion by focusing on two representations, the exponential map of motion and Cayley's parameterization. Borri and Bottasso [270, 271] used these concepts to analyze curved beam in three-dimensional space, leading to the helicoidal approximation. The present chapter focuses on parameterization techniques for motion. In contrast with other approaches, the exposition presented here is expressed in terms of linear algebra concepts, which are easily understood and implemented in computer software. Cayley's formulation that led to an algebraic representation of rotation is generalized in section 14.1 to the problem of motion. Euler motion parameters are presented in section 14.3 and provide a purely algebraic representation of motion. When using the bi-quaternion algebra introduced in section 14.2, all motion operations become bilinear expressions of bi-quaternions. These advantages, however, come at a high cost: eight parameters must be used instead of six, i.e., Euler motion parameters do not form a minimum set.


Time domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM) has higher spectrum efficiency than standard cyclic prefix OFDM (OFDM) by replacing CP with a known training sequence as the guard interval of OFDM data block, but severe mutual interferences will be caused in multipath channels. Recent studies have shown that the theory of compressive sensing (CS) can be efficiently applied to achieve reliable channel estimation to solve this problem, but the CS-based channel estimation suffers from obvious performance loss when the channel sparsity is unknown or under or the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low. In this paper, we propose the Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) based channel estimation algorithm to solve these problems, whereby some prior information of the channels can be exploited to improve the performance when channel sparsity is unknown. Besides, we also combine the statistical learning theory (SLT) and the basic thoughts of relevance vector machine (RVM) to further improve the noise-resistibility of channel estimation when SNR is low. Simulation results indicate that the proposed BCS-based channel estimation algorithm can effectively solve the major problems of the traditional CS-based schemes.


Bamboo Willow is Willow Branch(Salicaceae) willow species,deciduous tree,cover film cutting propagation effect,the article fertilizer from soil preparation,seed collection and cuttings of treatment,cuttings,seedling management,pest prevention and control summed up the bamboo willow cover film cutting techniques.


An on-line coupling system of packed capillary high performance liquid chromatography(PC-HPLC) with capillary gas chromatography(CGC) has been developed, The interface consists of a 10-port valve and a multi-position valve, which cuts and stores fractions continuously from PC-HPLC, and transfers them into the GC column separately without sample loss, An auxiliary solvent loop was used to wash the sample loop of the interface. The dead volume that cannot be washed is less than 0.1 mu L. The factors that affect the performance of the system were investigated in detail, The error of the reproducibility of the system is less than 1.5% relative standard deviation, The analysis of diesel fuel and transformer oil were demonstrated, which shows the strong separation power and application potential of this system for complex compounds.


Nearly a half century ago, Simone de Beauvoir observed that the interval between "maturity" and "old age" is an especially problematic time for women. In her view, women who have outgrown their once clearly delimited social and biological functions as mates and mothers find no clear cultural scripts to guide them during the years and decades that succeed procreation and maternity. As she phrased it:


Standard kernel density estimators suffer from boundary bias since they allocate weight outside the density support when smoothing is made near the boundary. Several solutions have been proposed but it seems there is no dominating solution for all shapes of densities. The existing methods are based on reflection, data transformation, pseudo-data. There also exists some proposals based on bounded support kernels, such as Gamma and Beta kernels. In this paper we consider estimation of a probability density function that has bounded support on [0, ∞) by using truncated and normalized skew-normal kernels. The skew normal kernels exhibit a particular feature in that their shape changes according to the position at which we estimate the density. The skew normal kernels become half-normal on the boundary, whereas they become the closer to normality the more we are moving away from it. This flexibility allows us to obtain a free of boundary bias estimator which shares the main features of standard Gaussian kernel density estimators at interior points.


Abstract— We present a detailed petrographic and electron microprobe study of metal grains and related opaque minerals in the chondrule interiors and rims of the Bishunpur (LL3.1) ordinary chondrite. There are distinct differences between metal grains that are completely encased in chondrule interiors and those that have some portion of their surface exposed outside of the chondrule boundary, even though the two types of metal grains can be separated by only a few microns. Metal grains in chondrule interiors exhibit minor alteration in the form of oxidized P‐, Cr‐, and Si‐bearing minerals. Metal grains at chondrule boundaries and in chondrule rims are extensively altered into troilite and fayalite.


The increasing switching speed of wide-band semiconductor requires a high bandwidth current sensing solution. Rogowski coil sensor embedded in the power stage is one of the promising concepts in increasing the system reliability. In this work the design of embedded Rogowski coil is discussed and estimated parameters are experimentally verified.


This study investigated a person with an AB0 discrepancy. Her blood group initially typed at the birth as AB Rh+ (positive); however, it was B Rh+ (positive) or Rh- (negative) when she was in her teens. At room temperature, her erythrocytes were agglutinated by anti-B, and the agglutination was significantly weaker at 37 ºC. As a result, her erythrocytes did not absorb anti-B but anti-A. Furthermore, her erythrocytes were agglutinated by anti-A at 37 ºC with signs of hemolysis in the presence of complement. The unwashed erythrocytes were also agglutinated in an antiglobulin test by polyclonal anti-A at 37 ºC and by heated polyclonal anti-A and anti-A MAB 2-8 at room temperature. Moreover, her serum agglutinated A erythrocytes at room temperature with less activity at 37 ºC; however, it agglutinated B erythrocytes at 37 ºC. The ability of the erythrocytes of this person to absorb anti-A came along with the agglutination of her erythrocytes at 37 ºC by polyclonal serum and decreased activity of the serum to agglutinate A erythrocytes at 37 ºC, compared to room temperature. The absence of anti-B absorbance by the person's erythrocytes was accompanied by the presence of anti-B in the serum, which was active at 37 ºC. The incubation of the person's serum with 0 erythrocytes induced the ability of erythrocytes to absorb anti-A and to be hemolyzed by anti-A in the presence of complement in accordance with the person's characteristics of erythrocytes. The reaction of absorption and agglutination at room temperature and 37 ºC by heated serum with the use of complement may help to reveal both weak A and B antigens and anti-A and anti-B antibodies while AB0 blood typing.


With the evolution to ever more complex modulation formats for optical signals, all-optical wavelength converters offer great benefits to optical networks, thanks to the possibility of translating the wavelength of an optical signal regardless of its data rate or modulation format. To deliver its full advantages over conventional optical-electrical-optical conversion, an all-optical wavelength converter has to possess important features in terms of transparency, bandwidth, and cascadability for practical applications in real systems. In this paper, we review a recent development of an all-optical wavelength converter, which exhibits seamless conversion in the C-band with a low noise figure of 6.2 dB for dual-polarization (DP) phase-modulated signals. We then carry out an investigation by both experiment and calculation of the cascaded operation of the developed wavelength converter for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats. A cascadability comparable to an erbium-doped fiber amplifier is achieved for DP-QPSK, DP-16QAM, and DP-64QAM signals, thanks to the exemplary characteristics of the wavelength converter.


Cats were subjected to regional intestinal simulated shock (regional hypotension at 30 mm Hg for 2 h during continuous vasoconstrictor nerve fibre stimulation) and the effect of treatment with large d


What have I got by Logo? The Logo language, and logo-pedagogy make us modern teachers. This study is useful for me not only in teaching but it has developed my knowledge, and my way of looking. In this paper I list some examples, which were interesting and heuristic for me. These matters have come mostly from the turtle geometry, but there are some more in the field of a mother tongue, music, and even gymnastics.


objective To evaluate the value of AFP different isoforms(AFP-L3) for the diagnosis of primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC). Methods Total of 185 patients from January 2013 to July 2013 included 61 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC group), 66 patients with cirrhosis of the liver(liver cirrhosis group) and 58 patients with chronic active hepatitis(chronic hepatitis group) was recruited. Control group has 60 patients of the the corresponding time period healthy physical examination controls. AFP-L3 was detected using affinity adsorption centrifugal tube separation, serum AFP and AFP-L3 levels by was detected using chemiluminescence detection, AFP-L3 10% or more was regarded as positive for diagnostic criteria, the percentage content of AFP-L3 was calculated. Results The serum AFP-L3 positive rate of PHC group, liver cirrhosis group, chronic hepatitis group and control group were 78.02%, 69.8%, 78.26% and 0%, respectively. The difference between AFP-L3 levels of PHC group and that of liver cirrhosis group was not signifi cant(P = 0.062). AFP-L3 level of PHC group was signifi cantly higher than that of control group(P = 0.031). Conclusions AFP-L3 is internationally recognized as useful indicators to differential diagnosis of PHC, but this study shows that in the benign liver diseases, especially in liver cirrhosis with PHC difference is not signifi cant, so the AFP and imaging detection is more advantageous to the diagnosis of PHC.


The arabino-lactone triflate 4 reacts with K2CO3 in MeOH to give the oxetane ester 5 and the tetrahydrofuran ester 6 in a ratio dependent upon the reaction temperature.


Cardiovascular disease rarely manifests in pre-menopausal women meanwhile, the incidence of these pathologies dramatically increases after the menopause suggesting the possibility that sex hormones could have a key role. 17β-estradiol is the main female circulating hormone in the premenopausal period and showed protective effects on the cardiovascular system. Moreover, recent evidences underlie the importance to take into account the gender in clinical studies as it can influence the response to cardiovascular medications. Therefore, we hypothesize that sex hormones can also influence the cardioprotective effects of nutraceutical compounds, such as sulforaphane, isothiocyanate present in Brassica vegetables. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of sulforaphane in presence of 17β-estradiol against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in cardiomyocytes. 17β-estradiol enhanced sulforaphane cardioprotection against H2O2-induced cell death with respect to 17β-estradiol or sulforaphane alone, as measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. Moreover, 17β-estradiol boosted sulforaphane antioxidant activity, reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels and increasing the expression of phase II enzymes. The observed effects seem to be not mediated by estrogen receptor α and β, as we used specific antagonists. Otherwise, ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways seem to be involved, as the treatment with specific inhibitors reduced the protective effect of sulforaphane/17β-estradiol co-treatment. Furthermore, estrogen receptor β and G protein-coupled receptor 30 seem to contribute to Akt activation, as using receptor specific agonists sulforaphane-induced Akt phosphorylation was enhanced. The activation of Akt kinase is also involved in the activation of Nrf2 transcription factor elicited by sulforaphane/17β-estradiol co-treatment, as treated cells with Akt-inhibitor, the co-treatment-induced Nrf2 activation was prevented. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, that estrogen could enhance sulforaphane protective effects, suggesting that nutraceutical efficacy might be modulated by sex hormones.


Objectives Hypertension is a common cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although hypertension can be effectively controlled by blood pressure-lowering drugs, uncontrolled blood pressure is common despite use of these medications. One explanation is therapy non-adherence. Therapy non-adherence can be addressed at the individual level, the level of the healthcare provider and at the healthcare system level. Since the latter two levels are often overlooked, we wished to explore facilitators and barriers on each of these levels in relation to hypertension care for people with hypertension, with a specific focus on therapy adherence. Design Qualitative study using focus groups of healthcare providers. Data were analysed using the theoretical domains framework (TDF) and the behaviour change wheel. Setting and participants Participants were from a highly urbanised city environment (the Hague, Netherlands), and included nine primary care physicians, six practice nurses and five secondary care physicians involved in hypertension care. Results Nine domains on the TDF were found to be relevant at the healthcare provider level ('knowledge', 'physical, cognitive and interpersonal skills', 'memory, attention and decision processes', 'professional, social role and identity', 'optimism', 'beliefs about consequences', 'intention', 'emotion' and 'social influences') and two domains ('resources' and 'goals') were found to be relevant at the system level. Facilitators for these domains were good interpersonal skills, paying attention to behavioural factors such as medication use, and the belief that treatment improves health outcomes. Barriers were related to time, interdisciplinary collaboration, technical and financial issues, availability of blood pressure devices and education of people with hypertension. Conclusions This study highlighted a need for better collaboration between primary and secondary care, for more team-based care including pharmacists and social workers, tools to improve interpersonal skills and more time for patient–healthcare provider communication.


To propose a basic value after twenty-five hundred years of controversy in Western ethical philosophies is formidable enough but to suggest that behavioral science may need a value context for the reassessment of its own experimental approaches would seem to compound the task immeasurably. Yet all routes that bypass this value issue for scientists quickly reach dead-ends. The age-old insistence that values in the normative sense are irrelevant to the ends sought by experimental methods is a defensive covering so tattered and torn that it must be discarded. The behavioral scientist finds his "rights" to manipulate his subject matter challenged on numerous fronts by the inescapable necessities of being "responsible" to that subject matter and to the culture that provides the subject matter and the opportunities to be both scientist and citizen. Since the virtue of brevity is its own reward, direct and relatively unqualified statements will be used which, it is hoped, will quickly reveal the conceptual route not only to basic and derived values but also to several obvious applications. Two basic concepts or images of the living organism must be identified, for without this initial discrimination the biological approach toward which this discussion moves will be less meaningful. Conceptual systems and experimental methods consistently built on either of these basic concepts or images lead to contrasting perspectives, practices and systems of value. One basic concept is that of the robot or automaton in which the individual is a mechanism composed of many mechanical subsets and behavior is described as S-R relationships with intervening variables becoming interposed in various ways that often tend to reduce correlations between S and R. From this springboard the problem of freedom is a fiction since outcomes are the inevitable products of a cluster of antecedents. The purpose of behavioral science with this approach is, therefore, to discover the antecedents, their relationships to response and, thereby, to establish control over all variables relevant to behavior. To predict accurately is to validate one's methodology, and control becomes definable in terms of restriction and manipulation. Here the problem of value can be studied descriptively but normative values have no identifiable basis and such issues fade to wandering phantoms "outside the realm of serious scientific discourse." What can happen to behavioral scientists when the normative value


Objective:To investigate the expression of c erbB 2 and p53 gene in gastric carcinoma Method:The C erbB 2 and p53 expressions were dedected by in situ hybridization (FISH) for 55 cases of gastric carcinoma tissues, their transitional region tissues and normal tissues of formalin fixed, paraffinembedded sections Results:The positive rate of c erbB 2 and p53 were 36 1%and 45 5%in cancer tissues, 10 91%and 3 64%in transitional regions, 3 64%and 0 in normal regions respectively There were highly significant differences among the three regions (all P 0 001) In intestinal type and diffuse type gastric carcinoma, the incidences of c erbB 2 were 51 61%and 16 37%, and of p53 were 25 8%and 70 83%respectively,which was significantly different between two types (all P 0 05) The expression of c erbB 2 and p53 gene were also correlated with the histological grades of the tumors (P 0 01 or 0 05) The positive of C erbB 2 gene was related to lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma (P 0 05) Conclusions:The amplification of c erbB 2 gene and mutation of p53 are related to genesis type, differentiation and metastasis, and thus the detection of these gene expression might be useful in evaluating the biological behavior of the tumors


The rectifier of three -phase bridge axial symmetric bridge -arm structure and the rectifier of traditional cophase counter parallel connection were respectively applicated in two sets of system. According to the comparison of the property and control technology, the efficiency and feasibility were improved obviously with application of three-phase bridge rectifier of axial symmetric bridge-arm structure.


A ferrous sulfate dosimeter solution was irradiated in pyrex glass capsules from several laboratory Co/sup 60/ sources. The results are plotted in a graph. The standardized sources were then used to determine the effect of formic acid as an organic impurity on the ferrous sulfate dosimeter. (OID)


A comprehensive research project on the separating function of light timber frame wall and floor assemblies with cladding made of gypsum plasterboards and wood-based panels was carried out at ETH Zurich in collaboration with the Swiss Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa). The paper describes the developed design model for the verification of the separating function of light timber frame wall and floor assemblies. The proposed design method significantly extends the application range of the design method according to EN 1995-1-2 and permits the verification of the separating function of a large number of common timber assemblies.


The seminar aims to promote the interaction and collaboration among researchers interested in recent functionalist, cognitivist and/or constructionist approaches with special focus on present-day English. Specifically, the seminar is intended to be a forum for the discussion of virtually any theoretical and/or descriptive/applied aspect concerning grammar, the lexicon and discourse, and in particular controversial areas such as: the relationship between syntax and all facets of meaning construction, the boundaries between grammar and the lexicon, argument structure configuration, the interaction between lexical and constructional templates, pragmatic inferencing, implicature and illocutionary meaning, as well as the potential of metonymic operations in speech act configuration.


This study presents a method used for predicting the air temperature distribution in an urbanized area from the surface temperature of trees. A strong trend of urbanization can be observed whole over the world (United Nations Centre for Human Settlement, 1996). It is well known and documented that urbanization can have significant effects on local weather and climate (Landsberg, 1981). One of these effects is the urban heat island, for which the temperatures of the central urban locations are several degrees higher than those of nearby rural areas of similar elevation. The urban heat island effect has been the subject of numerous studies in recent decades and is exhibited by many major cities around the world. In order to establish a countermeasure against the urban heat island, it is necessary to understand the feature of the thermal environment, especially, the distribution of air temperature. It is, however, difficult to know the distribution of air temperature for large area through the field measurements. The method to provide the information on the distribution of air temperature for a large area or region would need to be developed for the establishment of sound environmental planning to improve the thermal condition in cities. It is well stated and reported that the surface temperature of tree is strongly correlated with the ambient air temperature. Using this feature, Murakami (2009) generated air temperature distribution map for a local small city in Japan. The study, however, was implemented in the region where the influences of long wave radiation from the surrounding buildings on the surface temperature of trees could be omitted. In this study, the objective was set to examine the possibility to apply the method developed in Murakami (2009) to highly urbanized area, to acquire the air temperature map of Tokyo through the proposed method, and to discuss the thermal environment of Tokyo using the map.


Objective: To observe the long-term effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and its pharmacological mechanism. Methods: 76 patients with newly diagnosed early chronic phase CGL received treatment of merely 1.5 mg/m 2 daily HHT for induction remission and long-term maintenance treatment. The apoptosis rate of bone marrow CD34 ÷ cells induced by HHT was assayed with flow cytometer. Results: 86.8% patients achieved CHR, 13.2% patients PHR and 31.8% patients got cytogenetic response in HHT treatment group, which was longer than 31 (8--54) months in hydroxyurea (HU) group (P<0.05). The effect of apoptosis induction HHT was stronger on CGL-CP patients bone marrow CD34 + cells than on normal person bone marrow CD34 + cells. Conclusion: HHT is a very effective drug for remission induction and long-term maintenance treatment in early chronic phase CGL patients.


Facility agriculture has become a new industry with the development of agricultural modernization and the adjustment of planting structure. In the past few years, facility agriculture in our country has development great. This paper analyzes the present situation of facility agriculture in China and prospects its developing directions.


The EU-28 Watch No. 10 receives significant funding from the Otto Wolff-Foundation, Cologne, in the framework of the "Dialog Europa der Otto Wolff-Stiftung", and financial support from the European Commission. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.


Whilst the parameterization of the acquisition phase of 4D (time lapse) seismic surveys has rapidly become well established, the complexities of the parameterization for the data processing stage are far less established. We discuss robust strategies for the planning, execution and quality control (QC) of 4D surveys. Several case examples demonstrate that 4D QC is the critical element of all stages of 4D projects. To be successful, 4D QC must be pursued as a seamless integration of all the project elements, ideally within a visualization system capable of interactive and "real time" dialogue with those project elements. If the QC of the 4D acquisition is managed in real time it will be possible to isolate and address each acquisition contribution to the 4D reservoir signal during processing. If the QC of the 4D processing is managed in the same visualization system it will also be possible to isolate and address each processing contribution to the 4D reservoir signal, and it will be possible for project members from all disciplines to work effectively together. All elements of the final data product can then be completely understood, enabling the construction of quantitatively accurate and robust reservoir models for use in reservoir simulation and management projects.


Chemical studies carried out on Clerodendrum chinense yielded three new compounds including the steroid (22E, 24S)-stigmasta-4, 22, 25-trien-3-one (1), the flavone glycoside 7, 8, 4′-trihydroxyflavone-6-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2) and the epimeric neo-clerodane 14, 15-dihydro-15ξ-hydroxyclerodendrin A (3). Two acetylated derivatives of compound 3-, 2α-acetoxy-14, 15-dihydro-15ξ-hydroxyclerodendrin A (4) and 2α-acetoxy-14, 15-dihydro-15ξ-methoxyclerodendrin A (5) were also prepared, which have not been reported previously. The structure of each compound was elucidated by spectroscopic means.


Component sharing---the use of a component on multiple products within a firm's product line---is widely practiced as a means of offering high variety at low cost. Although many researchers have examined trade-offs involved in component sharing, little research has focused on the impact of component sharing on quality. In this paper, we examine how component sharing impacts one dimension of quality---reliability---defined as mean time to failure. Design considerations suggest that a component designed uniquely for a product will result in higher reliability due to the better fit of the component within the architecture of the product. On the other hand, the learning curve literature suggests that greater experience with a component can improve conformance quality, and can increase reliability via learning from end-user feedback. The engineering literature suggests that improved conformance in turn increases reliability. Sharing a component across multiple products increases experience, and hence, should increase reliability. Using data from the automotive industry, we find support for the hypothesis that higher component reliability is associated with higher cumulative experience with a component. Further, we find support for the hypothesis that higher component reliability is associated with a component that has been designed uniquely for a product. This finding suggests that the popular design strategy of component sharing can in some cases compromise product quality, via reduced reliability.


ABSTRACT Notosuchians are a crocodyliform clade with a rich Gondwanan fossil record, especially in Cretaceous South American deposits. More than half of all described species come from South America and, around one quarter, have been discovered in the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group, Brazil). The large amount of notosuchian remains from this formation, along with its chronostratigraphic uncertainty, may be distorting notosuchian palaeodiversity estimates. In order to analyse how these factors could be biasing our interpretations, palaeodiversity estimates were performed excluding and including the Adamantina Formation occurrence data, as well as assigning them to the main age ranges that have been proposed for the formation (Turonian-Santonian and Campanian-Maastrichtian). Furthermore, as other factors might be influencing palaeodiversity fluctuations, a modelling approach was performed to assess which abiotic factors, sampling artefacts, or a combination of them, could be driving these palaeodiversity dynamics. The results showed that the Adamantina Formation is causing a Lagerstätte effect that is distorting palaeodiversity estimates and, depending on the age assigned to that formation, the tempo and magnitude of the maximum palaeodiversity reached during the Late Cretaceous substantially changes. The results also suggest that the temporal bias might affect palaeobiological reconstructions not only in notosuchians but also in other groups.


Focus on the obvious self-similarity of much network traffic at present, the paper carries out studies about the generation method of self-similar traffic, and a time-based self-similar traffic generation model is established. By superimposing the Pareto distribution, the model generates the active and idle periods of each source, and the number of the packets generated at any time is obtained though counting the number of the active data source at the moment. The theoretical analysis and results of simulation show that the model has better self-similarity. The model is less complex to compute and easy to apply, and it avoids the obstacles of the traditional ON/OFF model in which the number of packets cannot change with time when self-similar traffic is generated.


This paper studies and implements the existing encryption algorithm on 16-bit DICOM images using quaternions as the key, around which, the pixels of an image are rotated to get another image suitable for transmission over a network, such as internet, to the intended receiver. The existing algorithm is a strong encryption method that gives commendable results for random number sequence generation performed by various random sequence test suite. It also follows the avalanche effect by yielding 50% different result with achange of one bit in the key and effectively withstands a bruteforce and other types of decryption attacks. In this paper, authors have implemented the existing algorithm and subsequently modified it by splitting the image matrix into four smaller matrices instead of two as in the existing algorithm and performing parallel execution of those matrices in group of two to improve the execution time of the algorithm. Thus, it executes faster without affecting or compromising with the image qualityimplying that the strength of the encryption algorithm is not affected as the modification is made only to the way algorithm executes without interfering with the internal structure of the algorithm.


The perception of the driver of the road features ahead is an important human factor that can considerably affect traffic safety and design consistency, and should be addressed in road design. An erroneous perception of the road can lead to actions that may compromise traffic safety. Previous studies have shown that combined horizontal and vertical alignments can cause a wrong perception of the horizontal curvature. In this paper, the hypothesis that the perception of the driver of the horizontal curvature is affected by the overlapping vertical alignment is examined analytically. Computer animation was selected as a three-dimensional presentation method of the road perspective, and was found to produce a realistic view of the road. A sample of drivers was interviewed to determine the radius of a horizontal curve on a level grade that would look equal to a radius of a horizontal curve overlapping with a vertical curve. The statistical analysis showed that the horizontal curvature looked consistently sharper when it overlapped with a crest curve and consistently flatter when it overlaps with a sag curve. Field measurements of operating speed profiles on a selected sample of combined alignments confirmed that, for the selected sample of alignments, driver behavior on horizontal curves depended on the overlapping vertical curve rather than the vertical grade of the approach tangent.


Several continuous phase modulation (CPM) models along with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) are compared as for the signal delay estimate potential accuracy with multipath propagation, spectral resources being tightly limited. Despite of the effects of the multipath interference, the CPM formats remain always superior to the BPSK format at least by 8–10 dB under the worst conditions despite of the effects of the multipath interference, the CPM formats remain always superior to the BPSK format at least by 8–10 dB under the worst conditions.


Microseismic monitoring is an emerging technology within the hydrocarbon industry which is being driven by operator requirements for real-time information on hydraulic and geomechanical processes taking place within the reservoir in the interwell region.