Background. Limited information is available on whether the associations of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria with the odds of hypertension differ among non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics. Methods. Cross-sectional data of 24,949 participants aged ≥18 years were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2008. Odds ratios of hypertension for microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria were estimated by conducting weighted multiple logistic regression models. Results. After adjustment for extensive confounding factors, microalbuminuria is 1.45 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.17, 1.80]), 2.07 (95% CI [1.52, 2.83]) and 2.81 (95% CI [2.06, 3.84]) times more likely to be associated with hypertension, and macroalbuminuria is 4.08 (95% CI [1.98, 8.38]), 8.62 (95% CI [3.84, 19.35]), and 4.43 (95% CI [2.13, 9.21]) times in non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics, respectively. The odds of hypertension for microalbuminuria (versus normalbuminuria) were 52% higher in non-Hispanic Blacks and 98% higher in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Whites; the odds of hypertension for macroalbuminuria (versus normalbuminuria) did not differ among racial groups. Conclusion. Racial differences in the relation between microalbuminuria and hypertension are prevalent among non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics. More screening efforts should be encouraged in normotensive non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics with microalbuminuria.


Two multivariate statistical methods (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) have been used in this work to assess potential redundancies in stations and measurements of the air quality monitoring network of the Región de Murcia (Spain). The results show that there are no redundancies, not even in areas with more stations than required by the legislation. This highlights that current criteria for assigning stations to a particular area (based on population numbers) must be complemented with criteria that consider, among others, its industrial or touristic activity. The described methodology is applicable to other existing networks.

Keywords: monitoring networks, redundancies, principal component analysis, cluster analysis


The birth of a premature baby is marked by trauma of the birth of risk and can bring losses in the motherhood, affecting the mother-baby relationship. Psychological intervention in the neonatal unit aims to help parents build their own perceptions regarding the traumatic event and to build strategies for 1 Responsável técnica pelo setor de psicologia do Hospital e Maternidade Dona Íris, especialista em Psicologia Hospitalar, mestra e doutoranda em Ciências da Saúde pela UFG – firstname.lastname@example.com. 2 Mestra e doutoranda em Ciências da Saúde pela UFG firstname.lastname@example.com. 3 Professor Livre Docente pela Universidade de São Paulo, diretor acadêmico do Hospital e Maternidade Dona Íris email@example.com. Marciano, R. P., Evangelista, P. G., & Amaral, W. N. do 49 Rev. SBPH vol. 22 no. 2, Rio de Janeiro – Jul./Dez. – 2019 bonding with the baby. The objective of this study was to analyze the role of the mother's group in a neonatal ICU as a device for listening and constructing a subjective narrative about the baby. This is a descriptive, qualitative research based on Psychoanalysis. Fifteen mothers of preterm infants, frequent attendants of the parents group, participated in the study. Sixteen group sessions were realized and from the discourse of participants, six categories were developed: conflicts with team, difficulties with breastfeeding, difficulties in hospital permanence, regression and evolution of the baby, support network during hospitalization and feelings and expectations for hospital discharge. The results pointed that the group can be a space of rescue of the competence of the maternal function and of sustentation of a symbolic place for the baby.


One objective of the Commercial Spent Fuel Management (CSFM) Program, which is sponsored by the US Department of Energy at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), is to encourage development of technology for spent nuclear fuel rod consolidation in existing power reactor water storage basins. Rod consolidation is a leading candidate for more efficient utilization of existing space in spent fuel storage basins. The fuel and pool component integrity studies in the program provide a useful basis to establish an integrity assessment more specific to rod consolidation. 10 refs.


This paper attempts to deal with the identifying the
service centers and calculation of the spatial arrangement with
complementary area of service centres in Jaunpur district
Jaunpur district of Uttar Pradesh. The study area is situated in
Eastern Uttar Pradesh of the Middle Ganga Plain. The study is
exclusively based on secondary data collected at block level
from different offices. The centrality score has been calculated
on the basis of three type of indices like functional centrality
index, working population index and tertiary population index.
There are 31 function or services selected judicially from five
sectors (administrative, agricultural and financial, educational,
health and transport and communication) to measure the
centrality of service centre. The thissen polygon and berry
breaking point method has been used for measure the
complementary area. Total 88 service centres have been
identified as first, second, third, fourth and fifth order service
centre. The number of I, II, III, IV, and V order centres accounts
for 43, 24, 16, 4, and 1 respectively.


A series of 12 infants and young children with complete transposition of the great arteries examined since December, 1967, is reviewed. Five of these children have died and three others have severe pulmonary vascular obstructive disease, rendering at least two of them inoperable. The remaining four, aged up to nine months, are alive and well, and should be suitable for a Mustard‐type repair at a later date.


ABSTRACT Through a focus on the media's role in constructing and maintaining stereotypes of white privilege and racism, this paper investigates the stereotyping of the Sutherland Shire, Sydney, Australia, and its residents. Print media plays a significant role in constructing social identities, shaping public opinion and typecasting public perception. Using a media content analysis and surveys with residents and non-residents of the Sutherland Shire we (de)construct the area's positioning in media discourse as white, insular and privileged. Pivotal to this investigation was the 2005 Cronulla riots and their influence on assertions of white privilege and racism, in the media and by non-Sutherland Shire residents. While not vindicating some resident's roles in the riots, we reason that such typecasting provides an avenue for the predominately white media, and white Sydney to deflect responsibility for their own whiteness by attributing and spatializing racist sentiment to elsewhere in Sydney.


BACKGROUND Failure in managing the airway is the most important cause of death in patients undergoing general anaesthesia (GA). For effectively preventing airway catastrophe it is essential to have a meticulous airway assessment pre-operatively. Many methods are in use to predict difficult airway like Mallampati, Wilson's scoring, percentage of glottic opening (POGO) scoring, Cormack - Lehane classification, thyromental distance, mandibular hyoid distance, atlantooccipital joint extension etc. In this study, we compared between two popular methods of airway assessment, upper lip bite test (ULBT) and height to thyromental distance ratio (RHTMD) to predict the difficulty in tracheal intubation. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted at Government Medical college, Thrissur, over a period of one year , on 76 patients of American society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) - PS l - lll, requiring general anaesthesia. ULBT and RHTMD were used to assess the patient's airway. It was correlated with Cormack - Lehane classification during direct laryngoscopy. The data was analysed using Fisher exact test (P < 0.05) and Kappa statistics. RESULTS Out of the 76 patients, 41 (53.9%) were women 35 were men (46.1 %). ULBT predicted 89.6 % [25 + 43] belonging to class 1 and 2 as easy, while 10.5 % [8] of class 3 as difficult. RHTMD predicted 35 patients (46 %) as easy (grade 1) and 41 patients (54 %) as grade 2. Using ULBT, of the 8 patients predicted to have difficult intubation (Class 3), 2 were found practically difficult and 6 were easy. In remaining 68 patients, 23 patients had difficult view and 45 had easy view. According to Cormac and Lehane, among 41 patients who predicted difficult by RHTMD, 19 patients were practically difficult and 22 were easy. Of 35 patients, 6 patients were difficult and 29 were easy. CONCLUSIONS The RHTMD is more sensitive compared to ULBT in predicting difficult intubation. As assessed by Cormack - Lehane classification. KEYWORDS Difficult Intubation, Ratio of Height to Thyromental Distance, Upper Lip Bite Test


This article applies Witness software to carry out the system simulation. By observing the system simulation process and analyzing the output results, exposes the problems of actual production system, puts forward the corresponding recommendations for improvement.


Cytokinesis consists of a series of coordinated multi-step events that partition a dividing cell. Accurate regulation of cytokinesis is essential for proliferation and genome integrity. In fission yeast, these coordinated events ensure that the actomyosin ring and septum start ingressing only after chromosome segregation. How cytokinetic events are coordinated remains unclear. The GTPase Cdc42 is required for the delivery of certain cell wall-building enzymes while the GTPase Rho1 is required for activation of these enzymes. Here we show that Cdc42 prevents early Rho1 activation during cytokinesis. Using an active Rho-probe, we show that even though the Rho1 activators Rgf1 and Rgf3 localize to the division site in early anaphase, Rho1 is not activated until late anaphase, just before the onset of ring constriction. We find that loss of Cdc42 activation enables precocious Rho1 activation in early anaphase. Furthermore, this inhibition of Rho1 activation is dependent on the downstream Cdc42 effector Pak1 kinase. Disrupting pak1 function results in early Rho1 activation accompanied by precocious septum deposition and ring constriction. We provide functional and genetic evidence which indicates that Pak1 regulates Rho1 activation likely via the regulation of its GEF Rgf1. Our work proposes a mechanism of Rho1 regulation by active Cdc42 to coordinate timely septum formation and cytokinesis fidelity.


Detection of virus in mutants of penicillin producer Penicillium chrysogenum under EM, Outerlony immune double-diffusion assay, gel electrophoresis and radioimmune test, indicated the presence of 40 nm diameter spherical virus with different titers in all yellow conidia strains, while the green conidia strains contained no virus. Induced fusion of protoplast from virus-free and virus-infected strains with nutrient and conidia colour markers had been obtained. And the heterokaryons formed. In heterokaryon 1, examination of extracts from the initially virus-free strain following protoplast fusion has shown the presence of virus particles similar in morphology, serological property and gel electrophoresis mobility to those found in the initially infected strain. But the amount of virus in the newly infected strain was about one third of what was found in the heterozygous diploid. Such non-parental segregation indicated that the virus transfer from virus-infected strain to a virus-free strain was a cytoplasmically inherited phenomenon. This diploid was stable. After being preserved at 2℃ for two years, colonies of diploid segregated on CM containing 0.01—0.02 M para-flurophenlalamine (PFA) and all the segregants still carried viruses. In heterokaryon 2, the examination of virus particles among yellow conidium and pale green conidium progeny showed parental segregation, the pale green conidium haploid and the diploid were unable to be infected. Results showed the pale green conidium auxotroph was among non-susceptible strains of this fungal species they couldn't support the replication of PCV. This condition is dominant as evidenced by absence of virus in diploid. Examination of virus dsRNA in diploids from the heterokaryons showed the presence or absence of dsRNA correlated with that of virus. The ability to synthesize penicillin in parent strains and dipolids were determined, and most of the diploids gave higher yield.


Introduction. The function of the bladder, according to the recommendations of the Committee for Standardization (ICS), is based on evaluation of sensitivity studies, detrusor activity, bladder dilatation and maximum cystometric capacity. The results of cystometry should be interpreted according to the anamnesis and clinical manifestations of the disease, as well as the results of other studies, such as uroflowmetry and ultrasound. The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between the severity of clinical manifestations of bladder hyperactivity (BH) and the results of a cystometric study. Materials and methods. We analized the relationship between the results of filling cystometry and clinical indices in 341 patients with idiopathic hyperactivity of the bladder. Results. A reliable correlation was established between the patient's sex and the presence of involuntary detrusor activity, as well as the maximum cystometric capacity. The only symptom of BH, which is associated with all cystometric parameters of the filling phase, is the increasing frequency of urination. Among the urodynamic parameters, the maximum clinical value is the maximum cystometric capacity, the index of the sensitivity of the bladder and the presence of involuntary detrusor activity. Conclusion. The results of the conducted studies confirmed the presence of a reliable relationship between the cystometric parameters and the severity of the clinical manifestations of the BH. Among the urodynamic parameters, the maximum clinical value is the maximum cystometric capacity, the index of the sensitivity of the bladder and the presence of involuntary detrusor activity in the filling phase.


Research purposes: The thiner ballast depth can not meet the requirements of track structure's bearing capacity,while the thicker ballast depth will increase construction costs,It is very important to choose a reasonable ballast depth in overseas EPC projects. According to the operation terms in Tinaco-Anaco Railway line in Venezuela, the rate of residual track deformation is regarded as the value to evaluate deteriortion of the track geometrical state and maintaneance work in this paper. In order to define a best track depth from four kinds of ballast depth,the track quality is studied with respect to not only the bearing capacity of subgrade and track stiffness,but also the track maintaneance. Research conclusions:(1) The track stiffness increases with the increasement of the ballast depth,but the increasement is small. The ballast depth has little influence on the track elasticity.(2) With the increase of the ballast depth,the stress on the subgrade surface is reducing,when the ballast depth reaches 350 mm,the stress on the subgrade surface is 0. 12 MPa,the safety coefficient has already been up to 1. 5.(3) With the increase of the ballast depth,the acceleration of ballast is reducing,so it is the same with the rate of residual track deformation. With other conditions no changing, When the ballast depth rises from 250 mm to 350 mm,the rate of residual track deformation reduces by 66. 12%,which will reduce the maintaineance work greatly,and prolong the service life of track bed.(4) It is suggested that the ballast depth adopts 350 mm in the Tinaco-Anaco Railway line.(5) The research method and conclusion can be applied to similar projects.


Both the legal definition of rape and the social responses to it have changed dramatically over the last twenty-five years. The sorts of assaults classified as criminal, the willingness of women who have been raped to turn to the criminal justice system, the rules of prosecution, and the penalties imposed on those found guilty have all been the explicit subjects of public debates initiated in the early 1970s by activists who broke the silence of earlier decades. Activists' engagement with the policy process throughout the 1970s altered institutions and policy at the local, state, and federal levels, and also affected the development and claims of the broader women's movement.


language development and social sciences content instruction for ELs. The first step taken in this study was to identify which training activities would take place to help teachers deepen their understanding of how ELs learn and the development of skills relative to social sciences. The question to be answered was whether these training activities would result in actual changes in classroom implementation. It is important to note the fidelity of implementation because we cannot assume that training in a particular topic will necessarily transfer to classroom practice (Fullan, 1983).


Parasitic infections can modify the host's ability to metabolize drugs by altering the biotransformation en- zymes. Mouflon (Ovis musimon), the wild sheep, is very sensitive to parasitic diseases. In the present study, in vitro ac- tivities of thirteen hepatic biotransformation enzymes and the in vitro metabolism of albendazole and flubendazole were compared in old mouflon ewes, either non-infected or infected with lancet flukes (Dicrocoelium dendriticum). The most pronounced decline in 6�� testosteron hydroxylase, glutathione-S-transferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase activities was observed in Dicrocoelium-infected animals. In addition, dicrocoeliosis caused a decrease in both albendazole and flubendazole phase I hepatic metabolism. However, the changes were very slight therefore any undesirable alterations in albendazole and flubendazole pharmacokinetics are not expected. Decreased activities of 6�� testosterone hydroxylase, glutathione-S-transferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase can impair drug elimination from the infected animals. This should be taken into consideration in pharmacotherapy or pharmacoprophylaxis of mouflons and sheep.


Objective To observe and evaluate the clinical curative effect of interventional therapy for bronchial tubeerculosis by cryotherapy via fibre bronchoscope.Methods 70 cases have been selected and divided into treated group,treated by interventional therapy with fibre bronchoscope combined with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy,and control group,treated with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.The curative effects were observed two months later.Results After two months,the sputum negative conversion rates were 66.7% for treated grounp,and 90.6% for control grounp(P 0.01);the lesions absorption rates by X ray of detection were 64.5% for treated grounp,and 92.3% for control grounp(P 0.01);the recovery rates observed by bronchoscopy were 70% for treated grounp,and 94.9% for control grounp(P 0.01).Conclusion The clinical curative effect of interventional therapy by cryotherapy via fibre bronchoscope combined with anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy is superior to single chemotherapy for bronchial tuberculosis.


It is shown that the Earth System (ES) can, due to the impact of human activities, behave in a chaotic fashion. Our arguments are based on the assumption that the ES can be described by a Landau-Ginzburg model, which on its own allows for predicting that the ES evolves, through regular trajectories in the phase space, towards a Hothouse Earth scenario for a finite amount of human-driven impact. Furthermore, we find that the equilibrium point for temperature fluctuations can exhibit bifurcations and a chaotic pattern if the human impact follows a logistic map.


Newly built place undergraduate course colleges and universities are built under the country strong impulse and in the higher education popularity process.Along with the economic globalization time's arrival,people's demand to higher education increase day by day,the provincial economy society's development proposed to the university many requests,this kind of colleges and universities face opportunity and challenge coexisting.The newly built place undergraduate course colleges and universities only follow the laws of education,make conform to own actual developmental strategy,take the advanced education ideological concept as the support,try to cultivate the school characteristic,can realize the sustainable development.


In this report, results of investigations of the effect of the covering with multilayer metamaterials on the electromagnetic field of the dipole structure are presented. It is shown that the usage of metamaterials will allow to extend the capabilities of spatial processing of the signals and to provide simultaneous reception of signals from multiple sources.


This piece describes the installation Catch me now and provides a brief biography of the artist, Tine Bech.

Catch me now is a unique interactive spotlight, which plays with the audience. A small spotlight light is moving randomly around on its own, until the audience steps into the light, when the light stops and opens up to the user in a play of light via a variety of programmable motion cues. The focus is moved to the audience, the playful light when caught will grow, enabling the person to step into the light and take centre stage, encouraging participation and possibilities for play and performance. Programmed by Tarim


Crowdfunding has become an important channel for the transformation of innovation achievements. Exploring the healthy and rapid development of crowdfunding is a hot of academic research. This paper simulates the agglomeration effect in the development of crowdfunding mode through multi-agent system. And this paper findsthat properly supporting superior enterprises or high-quality projects and concentrating resources to stimulate innovation and transformation, are beneficial to improve the whole development level of the crowdfunding system without reducing the stability of the system operation.


The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of human resource management development in the digital era. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative literature study. There are several Human Resource Development Strategies in the Digital Business Age including: 1) The need for talented HR with hard skills and soft skills, 2) Providing Opportunities to Channel Ideas, 3) Appreciation and Awards. 4) Mastery of Digital Technology. 5) Excellent Service. The novelty of the strategy described in human resource development because of the results of the analysis, field conditions, problems and literature searches needed in the digital era


This article describes the preparation, characterization and reactions of the diene complexes of group 2-5 metals, whose structure and reactivity are highly depending on the kind of metal as follows. For group 2 metals, the structures_ of calcium and strontium diene complexes are between η4-diene and metallacyclo-3-pentene, while the structure of magnesium-diene complex is metallacyclo-3-pentene. For lanthanide elements, metallic lanthanide reacted with cyclooctatetraene and an oxidant to give [LnX(η8-C8H8) (thf)m]n, and the reaction of lanthanum with 1, 4-diphenyl-1, 3-butadiene and iodine afforded an inverse sandwich complex, [LaI2(thf)3{μ-(η4:η4-1, 4-diphenyl-1, 3-butadiene)} LaI2 (thf) 3]. The s-trans diene coordination mode as well as s-cis diene coordination mode were found for metallocene complexes of zirconium and hafnium. Diene complexes of niobium and tantalum MX2(η5-C5R5)(η4-diene) in combination with methylaluminoxane are the catalyst precursors of the living polymerization of ethylene to give polyethylene with very narrow polydispersities (Mw/Mn, as low as 1.05).


Objective:To explore the relationship between the liver function and blood lipid in patient with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:116 patients with NAFLD,94 healthy controls were studied.Body mass index(BMI),Alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase enzyme(AST),gamma-glutamate transferase(GGT)total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) were detected and analyzed.Results:The NAFLD group ALT,AST,GGT and TG were higher,and HDL-C lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.01,P0.05),Pearson correlation analysis results show:ALT and AST were respectively positively correlated TG and were negatively correlated with HDL-C(correlation coefficient r order 0.423,0.324,-0.328,-0.282,P0.01).Conclusion:There is a certain correlation between impaired liver function and lipid metabolism,especially the high TG hyperlipidemia and low HDL hyperlipidemia in NAFLD patients.


Recently, it has been unveiled that carbohydrates in protein formulations, bioactive peptides, and therapeutic antibodies can have major benefits in potentiating the medicinal effects of drugs, therefore efficient synthetic methods for the access of glycoconjugates is required. Methods of conjugating substrates with carbohydrates have been extensively developed over the past decade, not only methods of inheritable genetic modification, but also enzymatic and chemical methods [D. P. Gamblin et al. (2009) Chem. Rev. 109, 131–163]. The azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is a form of click chemistry developed by Sharpless and Meldal. It is a very useful method for conjugating carbohydrates to peptides and proteins [W. Tang et al. (2014) Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 7013–7039]. Herein, recent studies on synthesis of glycopeptides using the CuAAC reaction are described. The CuAAC reaction has been shown to facilitate the conjugation of unprotected sugars to a peptides, each bearing an alkyne or azide functionality, via a 1,2,3-triazole linker even in the presence of other functionalities. The Walsh group successfully conjugated over 20 variants of unprotected sugars having an azide functionality to a cyclic peptide with an incorporated alkyne [H. Lin et al. (2004) J. Am Chem. Soc. 126, 13998–14003]. This reaction also produced the undesired by-product, 5-hydroxytriazole, however, the problem was easily resolved by the addition of a tris(triazolyl) amine ligand to the reaction mixture. Danishefsky, using the click reaction, synthesized glycopeptides using an alternative method where a peptide, bearing an alkyne on the ε-amino groups of lysine residues, was conjugated with GalNAc-Ser which had an azide group introduced to the acid functionality of serine in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst [Q. Wan et al. (2006) J. Org. Chem. 71, 8244–8249]. The introduction of monosaccharide units to peptides and proteins using click chemistry has been extensively published. However, the exemplifications of large oligosaccharide structures have scarcely been reported. The Davis group has demonstrated the ability to connect oligosaccharides to peptides and proteins by use of a chemo-enzymatic method, where click chemistry and the transglycosylation activity of endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) were used. [M. Fernandez-Gonzalez et al. (2010) Chem. Sci. 1, 709–715]. ENGases are a class of endoglycosidases that cleave Nglycans from glycoproteins by hydrolyzing the β-1,4-glycosidic bond in the N,N′-diacetylchitobiose core. Some ENGases possess GLYCOTOPIC doi: 10.4052/tigg.1437.6


A new class of bivariate distributions is introduced and studied, which encompasses Archimedean copulas and extreme value distributions as special cases. Its dependence structure is described, its maximum and minimum attractors are determined, and an algorithm is given for generating observations from any member of this class. It is also shown how it is possible to construct distributions in this family with a predetermined extreme value attractor. This construction is used to study via simulation the small-sample behavior of a bivariate threshold method suggested by H. Joe, R. L. Smith, and I. Weissman (1992, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B54, 171?183) for estimating the joint distribution of extremes of two random variates.


Collateral therapeutics exert a promising protective effect on the outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) may be modulated by different head positioning. The current study aimed to determine the effect of head‐down tilt (HDT) on stroke in a rodent model.


It is important to estimate the range between a transmitter and a receiver in the sea in position monitoring and navigation. For precise range estimation, the synchronous signal between the transmitted signal and the received signal must be extracted. However, it is difficult because of interference due to the multipath propagation. In this paper, we considered the direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) system with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation generally adopted for range estimation in the deep sea and discuss the three different simulation results of range estimations from peak detection with cross-correlation. To examine how the transmitter characteristics affect the range estimation performance, the range estimation performance of DSSS signals with BPSK is simulated first with only random noise, then with random noise and the transducer band-limited frequency response, and finally with random noise and the inverse filter of the transducer. It is found that the frequency response characteristics of the transmitter affect the range estimation accuracy.


The course"History of Marxist Philosophy"has been developed in China for 30 years.Its development is closely connected to the great historical process of socialist moderniza-tion and reform and parallels the process of emancipating the mind and respecting the fact.Thus,the characteristics of the time are reflected in the development process of this course.It has experienced the phases of following the USSR model,drawing on western Marxism and localizing Marxism in China.Reflections on the Russian model helps the Chinese intellectuals to understand the essence of historical materialism;findings and methodology of western Marxism direct their attention to studies of methodology and interpretation of the text.The study of the history of Marxist philosophy in China does not merely recall history.Instead,it stresses the Chinese experience and Chinese issues,resulting in a gradually growing consciousness of developing our own theoretical system.All this has prepared rich academic resources and paved the way for localization of Marxist philosophy in China.


Recurrent eosiniphilic cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis is a recently identified rare entity. It is characterized by a necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels of the dermis with an infiltration almost exclusively of eosinophils, with minimal or no leukocytoclasia. Clinically, it is characterized for recurrent erythematous or purpuric papules, some of them with annular configuration, and angioedema. In most of the cases there is peripheral eosinophilia, but without systemic involvement.


In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of initial value problem for impulsive fractional q-difference equation of order1 2    by applying some well-known fixed point theorems. Some examples are presented to illustrate the main results. MSC: 26A33; 39A13; 34A37


A method for the determination of imidacloprid residue in tobacco leaves by high performance liquid chromatography with solid-phase extraction with DAD detector was established. Tobacco samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up with a florisil SPE column,then separated in a gradient elution mode.The results showed that the average recoveries of imidacloprid were in the range of 87.83%—94.80%with relative standard deviation of 1.64%,and the limit of detection was 0.01μg/g.The method is sensitive and suitable for the analysis of imidacloprid residue.


This thesis presents the initial steps in the development of a sensor to fully extract multi axial stress components in situ. A minimally invasive MEMS sensor is designed in the Jazz 0.35 μm Bi-CMOS process, and embedded in a mock bone material. Using tensile and bending tests, mechanical loads transmitted into the sensor are measured and correlated with the stiffness of the mock bone material. The specific thesis aims are: 1) to provide the theory and methodology for analysis of the design space using piezoresistive bridges sensors in a textured chip for osteoconduction; 2) to design a textured topography on the chip's surface to enhance cell growth and conduct in-vitro experiments to assess cell attachment; 3) to extract multi-axis stress components from a bone-like material and provide a feasible design for a mm-scale chip; and, 4) to experimentally verify the design theory and approach within mock bone material for a subset of stress components. The 3 mm x 3 mm multi axial bioimplantable MEMS bone stress sensor comprises an array of piezoresistive sensor "pixels" designed to detect stress across the tissue / sensor interface with resolution to 100Pa, in 1 sec averaging. The sensors are integrated within a textured surface to accommodate bone growth. From initial research, surface topography with 30-60 μm features was found to be conducive to guiding new cell growth. In-vitro studies were conducted to assess the viability of the proposed surface topographies. After completion, finite element analysis led to sensor design for multi-axis stress components extraction within a proposed integrated MEMS fabrication process. The micro-machined sensor was characterized in a material to simulate bone controlled axial and shear loads. Tensile tests and bending tests were performed in ASTM D 638 specimens with an embedded bone sensor array. Temperature, hysteresis, and repeatability tests are presented to demonstrate the functionality of the sensor.


This study sought to find out the type of school climates prevailing in all the provincial secondary schools and the school climate differences between the high and low performing provincial secondary schools in Nandi-Central District, Kenya. Causal- comparative research design was used where the mean ratings on school climate of 103 teachers of four high and four low performing schools were compared and analysed to establish the extent of differences and their implications. High performing schools recorded a more favourable ecology, milieu, and school culture than the low performing schools. School climate was found to have a significant influence on academic performance of students in provincial secondary schools in Nandi-central district. The study recommended that schools strive to improve the schools' ecology, milieu, social climate and school culture, thereby creating a positive climate that will encourage better academic performance among students.


The analysis of known researches of the cow's milk ejection speed depending on single yields of milk and speed change dynamics of milk extraction in the milking-back course of animals is submitted. The theoretical model of milk ejection average speed is proved. The computer calculation model of the cows milking duration on the farm, been the basis for calculation of mobile milking machines for milking of cows in stalls is presented.


Proper analysis of changes in brain structure can lead to a more accurate diagnosis of specific brain disorders. The accuracy of segmentation is crucial for quantifying changes in brain structure. In recent studies, UNet-based architectures have outperformed other deep learning architectures in biomedical image segmentation. However, improving segmentation accuracy is challenging due to the low resolution of medical images and insufficient data. In this study, we present a novel architecture that combines three parallel UNets using a residual network. This architecture improves upon the baseline methods in three ways. First, instead of using a single image as input, we use three consecutive images. This gives our model the freedom to learn from neighboring images as well. Additionally, the images are individually compressed and decompressed using three different UNets, which prevents the model from merging the features of the images. Finally, following the residual network architecture, the outputs of the UNets are combined in such a way that the features of the image corresponding to the output are enhanced by a skip connection. The proposed architecture performed better than using a single conventional UNet and other UNet variants.


Nowadays the marital status of new parents barely merits comment; this is not surprising given that, as Rebecca Probert explains, 'almost half of all children in England and Wales are born outside marriage, with cohabiting relationships accounting for the majority of such births' (p. 1). The aim of this collection of interdisciplinary essays is twofold: to provide the historical context of non-marital child-bearing since 1600, alongside a study of residential sexual relationships outside marriage.


This study examined the usefulness of a score derived from nine items of Wolpe and Lang's (1964) Fear Survey Schedule (FSS) in predicting the number of symptoms consistent with panic reported by a large outpatient sample undertaking magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The items were those identified by Lukins, Davan, and Drummond (1997) as likely to reflect fears associated with the aversive characteristics of the MRI procedure (i.e., noise, confinement, and isolation) and were taken 1 week before the scan. The MRI-related FSS score was a better predictorof symptoms consistent with panic attack during the scan than (a) Rachman and Taylor's (1993) Claustrophobia Questionnaire, (b) a score derived from nine FSS items reflecting common community fears, or (c) a measure of state anxiety. It is suggested that the brief MRI-related FSS scale can provide information important for planning patient management during MRI scans at a time when the information can be most useful.


THE STENT (1) has a surface SCULPTED, preferably only on its outer surface (2), constituted, for example, microspheres (3) which has the function to increase the surface GEOMETRICA REAL STENT, or creating indentations and roughness TO PROMOTE IMPLEMENTATION OF ASSETS hEDGES AGENTS OR BE ACTIVATED, AS WELL AS fIXING TO IMPROVE STENT (1) A BLOOD VESSEL WALL.


Background: Extra-articular distal humerus fractures are difficult and challenging entities to manage owing to the complex anatomy of distal part of humerus as well as complicated fracture morphology. Functional cast bracing does not provide adequate stabilisation of these fractures apart from having other brace related complications. To overcome this problem, surgical intervention is the preferred method of treating these fractures with its share of complications like infection, non-union, implant failure and iatrogenic radial nerve palsy. Intra-medullary nailing and fixation with conventional plates is not a good option due to inadequate fixation in short distal fragment. The use of pre contoured, extra-articular distal humerus plates have emerged as a standard treatment in managing such fractures. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional outcome of managing such fractures using extra-articular distal humerus locking plates. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at Integral Institute of Medical Sciences And Research, Lucknow from September 2013 till August 2016. Out of the 47 patients records analysed, only 25 patients qualified for this study. All the patients were operated using the posterolateral triceps reflecting approach to the humerus. All the fractures were fixed using extra-articular distal humerus locking plates. All the patients were followed for 12-18 months with a mean of 16 months. The clinical and functional outcome was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance score (MEPS) for elbow and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) rating scale for the shoulder function. Results: At the final follow-up according to MEPS we had 18 patients showing excellent results (72%), 6 had Good results (24%) and 1 patient had Fair results (4%). According to UCLA, we had 22 patients (88%) Excellent results, while remaining 3 patients (12%) had Good results at final follow-up. No case of malunion or non-union was reported in our study. 1 patient developed superficial infection which was managed by daily dressing. 2 patients developed post-operative radial nerve palsy which recovered spontaneously. In 1 patient implant removal was warranted due to prominence of the hardware but that too after the fracture had united. Conclusion: Stable fixation of these fracture and early mobilisation of the elbow joint are the key features to have an optimal outcome after the surgery. Using the pre contoured, extra-articular distal humerus locking plate with minimal soft tissue stripping has yielded good results with early return to normal function.


ABSTRACT While contracts by minors are generally voidable in most common law jurisdictions, the apex court in India and in Malaysia has each held that such contracts are void ab initio, following a century-old Privy Council decision in Mohori Bibee (1903) 30 ILR Cal 539. This article explores minors' contracts through the lens of legal transplant—viewing transplanted laws on a continuum, from a 'Strong Watson' perspective where English common law was adopted by the Indian courts, to a 'Weak Watson' position following the Privy Council's interpretation of the law in the Indian Contract Act 1872. The authors conclude that the current Weak Watson transplant of laws on minors' contracts is a 'misfitted' transplant which is neither consistent with the original intent of the transplanted law nor fit for purpose in a modern context. Given minors' inability to enter into contracts or seek remedies, urgent legislative reform or judicial reinterpretation is required in India and Malaysia.


In order to apply ion beam etching with hydrogen ions to the ultra-precision processing of diamond tools, hydrogen ion beam etching characteristics of single crystal diamond chips with (100) face were investigated. The etching rate of diamond for 500 eV and 1,000 eV hydrogen ions increases with the increase of the ion incidence angle, and eventually reaches a maximum at the ion incidence angle, and eventually reaches a maximum at the ion incidence angle of approximately 50{degree}, they may decrease with the increase of the ion incidence angle. The dependence of the etching rate on the ion incidence angle of hydrogen ions is fairly similar to that obtained with argon ions. Furthermore, the surface roughness of diamond chips before and after hydrogen ion beam etching was evaluated using an atomic force microscope. Consequently, the surface roughness after hydrogen ion beam etching decreases with the increase of the ion incidence angle within range of the ion incidence angle of 60{degree}.


Sample rotation combined with Fourier transform (FT)-Raman spectroscopy usually results in spectra severely distorted by a double modulation of the scattered light emitted by the substance under study. In the case of accurately aligned solid samples, the disturbance modulation is mainly due to an optical inhomogeneity of the surface, e.g., a certain surface roughness. The application of the step-scan technique permits the laterally resolved investigation of rotating samples when the movement of the interferometer mirror of the FT-Raman spectrometer is synchronized to the rotation of the sample. Routine FT near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopic measurements of thermally sensitive and inhomogeneous solid samples that require the application of a spinning-sample arrangement become possible. Moreover, information about the angular dependence of the physical and chemical surface composition of the solid samples, i.e., a lateral resolution, can be obtained.


the quality of topicalisation by their method. We agree with the authors on the benefits of atomisation as a method of anaesthetising the airway in preference to nebulisation or nerve block techniques, but are disappointed that ideal intubating conditions were only reached in the group receiving 4% lidocaine with doses of 11 mg.kg (based on actual body weight). Although there are no data to suggest that lidocaine should be calculated on actual or ideal body weight, we think that caution should be used in calculating maximum dosages for obese patients. The British Thoracic Society recommends a maximum dose of 8.2 mg.kg [4]. This study does not demonstrate clearly the superiority of atomisation as a technique for airway anaesthesia. We have found in our own practice that excellent intubating conditions can be obtained using a simple mucosal atomisation device (Mucosal Atomization Device , Wolfe Tory Medical Inc., Salt Lake City, USA) at considerably lower total doses of lidocaine without the need for additional sedation. We commend the authors for undertaking this study and we think that further work is needed to establish the safest and most efficient method of topical airway anaesthesia. We feel that lower doses of lidocaine can be used to provide high quality conditions allowing successful manipulation of the airway. We hope to undertake a study to compare differing concentrations of lidocaine, keeping below toxic dosage.


Abstract 2271 Introduction: Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban have both been approved in Canada for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. Although they have different mechanisms of action; they both share the same advantage over warfarin that is their predictable anticoagulation effect, which precludes the need for routine monitoring. However, there are special situations (emergent surgery, bleeding, therapeutic failure) where dosing would be clinically relevant. A major concern is that patients treated with these drugs may present themselves in non-tertiary centers where the availability of specialized coagulation assays is usually limited, especially in an emergency setting. So, although specific monitoring assays are under development for dabigatran and rivaroxaban, we sought to investigate the widely available coagulation assays prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombin time (TT) as means to estimate plasma levels of these new anticoagulants. Study design: Our study aimed at emulating real life situations. We purposely recruited academic (15) and non-academic centers (26), to reflect the diversity of the laboratories in the province of Quebec, Canada. Method: Solutions containing increasing concentrations of dabigatran (from 0,01 μmol/mL to 0,48 μmol/mL) and rivaroxaban (from 0,012 μmol/mL to 0,490 μmol/mL) were prepared. Frozen aliquots of each solution were shipped to each of the 41 participating center (blinded for concentration). Each laboratory then performed automated assays for PT, aPTT and TT, according to each local protocol. Results: Dabigatran The TT was exquisitely sensitive to dabigatran but was not available in every hospital (available in 25 out of 41). All values were three times above the normal value even for low concentrations (> 0,03μg/mL). With regards to aPTT, we were able to demonstrate a difference in sensitivity of different cephalins for low concentrations of dabigatran. The value was abnormal in 74% centers for a concentration of 0,01 μg/mL. Whereas no abnormal value was obtained with APTT-SP, all values were above normal for CK-PREST. As for high concentrations, normal values were obtained in 5% of centers for a concentration of 0,06 μg/mL. An aPTT value over 80 was obtained for 25% of centers testing the 0,26 μg/mL concentration and of 68% centers with the 0,48 μg/mL samples. We thus have shown that a normal aPTT could be obtained, although rarely, with concentrations that are within or above the therapeutic range. Accordingly with what has already been published, our study demonstrated that INR was less sensitive to dabigatran than aPTT. Rivaroxaban The TT was not significantly prolonged with therapeutic concentrations of rivaroxaban (at the highest concentrations we observed a slight prolongation with a ratio on normal value 1,15) and low ISI ( Conclusion: Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban represent a new challenge for hemostasis laboratories. Our study reflects the diversity of coagulation assays used throughout the province of Quebec. The variation in sensitivity that was observed between laboratories makes it difficult to provide broad recommendations on the use of common coagulation assays as a dosing method for dabigatran or rivaroxaban. We suggest that each center provide recommandations based on a calibrator generated dose response curve before using these assays in a clinical setting. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


A for efficient transmission and reception in a digital broadcast network, and an object thereof is to compress the TS packet header. A demultiplexer 630 allocates only TS packets having a packet identifier of the same value in one PLP for each PLP (Physical Layer Pipe). Header compressor 620, a packet identifier included in the header of the TS packet, replacing the 1-bit length of the shorter packet identifier indicating whether at least TS packet is a NULL packet. .FIELD 6


Intraepithelial (IEL) and Peyer's patch lymphocytes (PPL) were isolated from the small bowel mucosa of mice in which specific systemic antibody responses to ovalbumin (OVA) had been suppressed by oral exposure to that antigen. These lymphocytes were then adoptively transferred into syngeneic animals. The PPL transferred 24 h after oral OVA showed a tendency to depress secondary serum antibody responses to intraperitoneal OVA in the recipients. Conversely, IEL transferred 1–5 days after oral OVA significantly enhanced specific serum antibody responses.


Nauruan women have absorbed much of the impact of mining for phosphates on Nauru. They have provided continuity for the traditional mode of social organization through the maintenance of the matrilineages, while also adjusting the household lifestyle to meet the needs of a cash economy. Ties to one another and to the island through both lineages and clans provide the basis of Nauruan identity, and ensure that the identity is restricted to those born of Nauruan mothers. Land rights held by individual titleholders have been a key issue throughout the mining extraction process, and remain so as the island seeks to rehabilitate itself towards a new Garden of Eden. With four-fifths of the island a sea of coral pinnacles, the process and cost of rehabilitation remains an immense issue for the Nauruan population. Whether the women can maintain their central role in the new reconstituted island in the 21st century remains to be answered.


The selective suppression or elimination of the function of individual proteins, enabled by the mechanisms of RNA Interference, is a new promising approach in the treatment of various diseases. The minor in vitro transfection rates besides the poor in vivo stability wellknown for "naked" double stranded siRNA oligonucleotides raise the question of how to accomplish in vitro or even in vivo transfection. Due to their advantageous properties in drug delivery and drug targeting, nanoparticulate carrier systems lend themselves to an application in siRNA transfection. Thus, the aim of this study was to show that nanoparticles made of gelatin can be used as a potential drug delivery system for double stranded siRNA oligonucleotides.


In 1989 the research center, 'Treatment of Contaminated Soils' was set up by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG equals German Research Foundation). Within the framework of this special program the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg (seat of chair) and the University of Hamburg investigate basic methods for the treatment of contaminated soils in 17 projects. The first research periods ran from Jan. 1, 1989 up until Dec. 31, 1994. The third research period will end on 31 Dec. 1997. It is the aim of the research center not just to investigate, develop and optimize decontamination methods but simultaneously to perfect both analytical and measuring techniques thus enabling the swift and comprehensive description of all processes. The primary objective of all projects within the SFB 188 is the clarification and description of mechanisms which either result in decontamination or prevent decontamination. In the following methods and results regarding preinvestigations and enhancement are presented. Preinvestigations are seen as a very important tool to optimize a biological treatment of a contaminated soil. By this means, the possibilities and limitations (how far can the pollutants be degraded) for the specific polluted soil can be predicted. Balances show what actually happens to the pollutants. In order to practice preinvestigations specific test systems must be available. Using these methods the remediation can be realized more cost effectively. Optimizing and enhancing the degradation processes is another measure for cost reduction.


In this paper, we analyzed different solutions of TSP as well as advantages and disadvantages correspondingly. During our design, we especially adopted a kind of genetic algorithm to deal with TSP which is based on artificial immunity. The traditional genetic algorithm used the random search all over. But the new algorithm draw lessons from the antibody's variety in the artificial immunity and consequently improved the algorithm's collective variety greatly. In addition, the new algorithm overcame the shortcomings of too early shrinkage and a bad ability to search partly.


School-enterprise cooperation is one of effective ways to improve college students' vocational development education.School-enterprise cooperation meets the inherent needs of vocational education's,such as,sociality,professionalism and practicalness,and it brings changes to subject,object,mediator and environment body,which strengthens the construction of teachers,enriches teaching content and methods,and promote the combination of theories and practice.


Seeding Postdoctoral Innovators in Research and Education (SPIRE) is an integrative postdoctoral fellowship program that combines research training, professional development and hands‐on teaching experience. This NIH‐funded program involves a partnership between the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill) and Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs) in North Carolina. The objective of this program is to prepare SPIRE scholars for academic careers in the biomedical sciences and to have a lasting impact at the MSIs through the exchange that takes place as the postdoctoral scholars teach science courses and interact with faculty and students. During the first two years of the program, SPIRE scholars are focused on cutting‐edge research at UNC Chapel Hill. They also receive exposure to core professional skills, pedagogical training from education professionals, and workshops to bring technology into the classroom. During the third year each SPIRE scholar is involved in a teaching internship where they bring active learning techniques into the classroom, as well as develop advanced‐level courses at the MSIs. The combined research, professional development, and hands‐on teaching prepares SPIRE scholars with the skills required to succeed as independent researchers, research‐oriented educators and committed mentors for undergraduate students in the sciences.


Being the main development trend of manufacturing industry in today's world,manufacturing servitization has become the leading force to guide the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. During the period of transition,china now is experiencing the important evolving process from comparative advantage of low end factors to that of high end factors.The construction of China( Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone explores ways for the development for Yangtze River Economic Belt and provides valuable window of opportunity for the forge of its comparative advantage of high end factors. The implementation of manufacturing servitization strategy and the in-depth integration of advanced manufacturing industry and modern service industry can contribute to breaking through GVC low end lock and forming comparative advantage of high end factors. Against the new historical background,we should understand the core essence of the wide penetration for new-generation information technology into economic society,and promote the integration of informatization and industrialization,facilitating mutual penetration of manufacturing industry and service industry. Environment favorable for manufacturing servitization should be nurtured and developed,global high-end resource allocation and industry chain integration strategies for local enterprises be stipulated and implemented,and the new-type industry system catering to new industrial revolution with the core feature of manufacturing servitization be constructed.


This article examines the role of creative writing in understanding journalism. It argues that non-academic writing—poetry in this case—can play a far more significant part in journalism research than that of an entertaining genre for disseminating a study's findings, mainly to audiences beyond academia. Not only can poetry complement traditional "academic" texts by filling the gaps of the vivid details of the situated practices of journalism as they are lived in real life. It also has far-reaching epistemological and ontological implications: it raises fundamental questions about the world where journalists operate, the role of imagination, sensory perceptions and materiality in everyday manifestations of journalism, as well as the place of the scholar in the research process. The benefits of creative writing are illustrated through examples of actual poems written while conducting a comparative study of foreign journalists in the United Kingdom, Norway and Somalia.


Objective
To evaluate the diffuse characteristics of two types of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX and CBTX-A) in the forehead and the effect of intradermal (ID) and subcutanous (SC) infections on their diffusion.

Methods
Healthy volunteers (n=20) were recruited to receive a 0.05 ml (2 U) injection of botulinum toxin type A at four forehead sites [both sides of medial forehead (SC) and temporal forehead (ID)], one side for BOTOX and another for CBTX-A. On day 14, the Minors' iodine starch test was performed and photographs were taken for calculating the area and dimensions of anhydrotic area.

Results
The areas of anhidrosis ID were significantly greater with CBTX-A (180±15) mm2 than that of BOTOX (144±14) mm2. The same conditions occurred in vertical dimensions (14.4±1.1) mm vs. (15.8±1.0) mm and horizontal dimensions (10.8±0.6) mm vs. (12.5±0.7) mm. There was significant variation between the both for diffuseness in the two anhidrotic halos observed after ID injection (P<0.05). The areas of anhidrosis by SC were significantly greater with CBTX-A (207±17) mm2 than that in BOTOX (183±18) mm2. The mean horizontal dimension was greater with CBTX-A by SC (13.2±0.6) mm than that of BOTOX by SC (12.2±0.7) mm, but not statistically significant (P=0.06). The mean horizontal dimension in BOTOX was significantly greater with SC than that with ID (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between SC and ID administration of CBTX-A.

Conclusions
BOTOX diffuses less than CBTX-A. ID injection technique may result in less diffusion than SC.

Key words:
Botulinum toxin type A; BOTOX; CBTX-A; Diffusion; Subcutaneous injection; Intradermal injection


Objective To study the dynamic change levels of the Nitric Oxide and Ca2+ in aqueous humor and tear after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation,extracapsular lens extraction and intraocular lens implantation.And discuss the postoperatively inflammatory response levels.Methods 30 adult pigmented rabbits were divided into phacoemulsification group:(phacoemulsifiaction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation),extracapsular lens extraction group:(extracapsular lens extraction and intraocular lens implantation)and normal contrast: without operation.The aqueous humor samples were aspirated on 1 st,3 th,7 th 14 th and 28 th day postoperatively.An enzyme was used to detect the presence of NO.The level of Ca2+ was detected with acolorimery.The pathological observation of lens was performed on 28 th day postoperatively.Results The levels of NO in the aqueous humor were significantly higher(P0.05) on 1 st,3 th,7 th and 14 th day postoperatively in operating groups and reached maximum level in the postoperative 7~14 days.The NO levels in the aqueous humor were significantly lower(P0.01) on 1 st,3 rd,7 th and 14 th day postoperatively in phacoemulsification group than extracapsular lens extraction group.The Ca2+ levels in the aqueous humor were significantly lower(P0.05) on 1 st,3 th,7 th and 14 th day postoperatively in operational groups and reached minimum level on the postoperative 3 rd day.Levels of NO in the tear were significantly higher(P0.05) on 1 st,3 th,7 th and 14 th day postoperatively in operating groups and in the postoperative 3-7 days,the NO in the tear reached their maximum level.Levels of Ca2+ in the tear were significantly lower(P0.01) on 1 st,3 rd and 7 th day postoperatively in operating groups and in the postoperative 3 days,the Ca2+ in the aqueous humor reached their minimum level.Levels of the NO and Ca2+ in the aqueous humor and their levels in the tear are linear correlation(P0.05).The pathological observation of lens on 28 th day postoperatively showed that the surface of lens were covered by some phagocytes and the number of phagocytes were significantly lower in phacoemulsification group than extracapsular lens extraction group.Conclusion The results suggested that the increases of NO and the decrease of Ca2+ levels may play critical roles in the intraocular inflammatory response after intraocular lens implantation.The intraocular inflammatory response is lighter after phacoemulsifition and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation.


The paper introduces a novel method for selecting optimal line lengths of multiple offset-short standards that are applied to broadband calibration of vector network analyzers (VNAs). The method is based on the design of experiments (DOE) approach and analysis of the determinant of the Fisher information matrix. To interpret results of the analysis, new terms, adopted from the filter theory, are suggested. The analysis reveals a tradeoff between solutions that provide low uncertainty and broad bandwidth of the VNA calibration. Both aspects are vital at millimeter wavelengths, when using calibration standards based on 1.85 or 1 mm coaxial lines. The length optimization, using the DOE criterion of D-optimality, enables expanding the calibration frequency range much over that provided by the offset shorts currently available in commercial calibration kits.


This document is a part of the ITU-T Recommendation and ISO/IEC
International Standard, named the Mobile Multicast Communications
Protocol (MMCP). The MMCP is a protocol that can be used to support a
variety of multimedia multicasting services in the IP-based wireless
mobile networks. The MMCP is targeted at the real-time one-to-many
multicast services and applications over mobile communications
networks.


This paper presents a new approach using Hidden Markov Model as classifier and Singular Values Decomposition (SVD) coefficients as features for iris recognition. As iris is a complex multi-dimensional structure and needs good computing techniques for recognition and it is an integral part of biometrics. Features extracted from a iris are processed and compared with similar irises which exist in database. The recognition of human irises is carried out by comparing characteristics of the iris to those of known individuals. Here seven state Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based iris recognition system is proposed .A small number of quantized Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) coefficients as features describing blocks of iris images. SVD is a method for transforming correlated variables into a set of uncorrelated ones that better expose the various relationships among the original data item. This makes the system very fast. The proposed approach has been examined on CASIA database. The results show that the proposed method is the fastest one, having good accuracy


In this paper, based on the local information about nodes, we propose a new attack strategy, considering the average degree of the node's neighboring nodes. Adopting the cascading model proposed in Chin. Phys. Lett.25(10) (2008) 3826, we investigate the effect of the new attack strategy for the robustness against cascading failures on a typical network, i.e. BA scale-free networks. Compared with two attacks on the nodes with the highest load or the lowest load, numerically we find that our presented attack is the most efficient way to destruct the BA scale-free networks in the case of α ≤ 0.6, where α is a tunable parameter and determines to the load strength of a node. In addition, we also find that the efficiency of the new attack strategy is more obvious near the parameter α = 0.5. We expect our findings to provide insights into the protection of the key nodes for real-life networks to avoid cascading-failure-induced disasters.


This paper compares the employee relations practices and outcomes of non-union and unionized workplaces in Australia. It also examines the nature of those practices to ascertain whether non-union workplaces can best be characterized as human resource innovators or 'bleak houses'. The data for the study are drawn from the 1995 Australian Workplace Industrial Relations Survey. The findings suggest that non-union workplaces are distinctly less innovative in a number of their employee relations practices and in general have less favourable employee relations outcomes than unionized workplaces in terms of dismissal and turnover rates. The non-union workplace is also distinguished by the individualistic nature of its contractual, remunerative and bargaining arrangements.


Despite their inherent self-healing nature, noise (jitter) in phase-locked loops is sensitive to process and environmental variation. This article discusses automatic frequency calibration and amplitude control techniques that rely on a negative feedback loop with a large emphasis on digitally assisted calibration.


Robert Aldrich's film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (1962) is not really concerned with superficially answering the question it poses. No one in the film existing outside of the infinitely small...


Abstract Dopamine has been suggested to be involved in physiological and/or behavioural changes triggered by mating in European honeybee (Apis mellifera) queens but its specific role remains unclear. In the present study, the amounts of dopamine (DA) and its metabolite, N‐acetyldopamine (NADA) are measured, in queens of various ages to clarify the association with locomotor activity. The effects of DA receptor agonist/antagonist drugs on locomotor activity are further investigated. Brain levels of DA and NADA are relatively constant during the period before mating when locomotor activity reportedly increases with age but decreases in 1‐year‐old laying queens with low locomotor activity. Reduced DA and NADA levels are also found in haemolymph of 1–3‐month‐old laying queens. When a DA receptor agonist or antagonist is injected into 6‐day‐old virgin queens, locomotor activity levels increase significantly with 2‐amino‐6,7‐dihydroxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalene (agonist), and decreased with cis(Z)‐flupenthixol (antagonist). These results suggest that DA systems are involved in the motor control of honeybee queens, and that the decline in DA levels reduces locomotor activity after mating but increased locomotor activity before mating may be independent of DA levels.


The present invention discloses a pattern inspection method, the substrate manufacturing method and a substrate manufacturing apparatus for use thereof. His method, comprising the steps of: detecting a first hot spot corresponding to a failure of the ghost image of the actual image of the step and the pattern for detecting the actual images corresponding to the pattern on the substrate, the first wide area than one hot spot with claim may include the step of detecting the 2 hot spot.


The Beethoven Center is pleased to announce that Jerry Boblenz of Moravia, Iowa, has agreed to place his rare first edition of the "Sonatine Pour le Pianoforte" of 1810 on long-term loan so the Center can "maintain and share it with interested musicians and scholars." Copies of the first edition are indeed scarce, perhaps in part because the work is one of the composer's easiest and most accessible sonatas. (Most copies were played until the score fell apart). Only three copies of the first edition are known to exist in the United States.Through extensive and painstaking research into the family's history and genealogy, Mr. Boblenz traced the family's ownership back to a young girl named Jenny Thon, who signed and dated the front cover in ink in 1858 (see the illustration below). She also signed the bottom of the tide page in pencil: "Jenny Thon. Weimar 1858."Jenny was born on December 27,1846, and would thus have been twelve years old in 1858. The history of the piece from its publication in November 1810 until Jenny signed it is unknown.Jenny was the daughter of Sixtus Armin Thon ( 1817-1901 ), a German landscape and genre painter, engraver, and lithographer who taught at the Grosherzoglich-Sachsischen Kunstschule in Weimar, and Louise Siefer Hey (1823-1904). Both of Louises parents were very musical: Wilhelm was the conductor of a chamber music ensemble in Leipzig, and Charlotte (nee Roth) was a concert pianist. According to the Thon-Boblenz family notebook compiled by Jerry Boblenz s aunt (Madge McDonald, nee Boblenz), "due to Jenny's connections at the Court of Weimar (through her father's artistic connections and her grandparents' musical activities, it is more than a reasonable assumption that Jenny took her piano studies under the renowned pianist/composer Franz Liszt, who directed the musical forces of the Ducal Court ofWeimar from 1848-1861." Liszt was one of the most important performers and supporters of Beethoven's works in the first half of the nineteenth century and even supposedly met Beethoven as a child.Jerry Boblenz theorizes that Jenny Thon, who married into the Boblenz family, maintained possession of the score until her death in 1918, upon which time it passed to her son Karl Boblenz. When Karl died in 1959, his wife Ilse Dore Boblenz assumed ownership. Upon her death in 1979, the score passed to her daughter Ilse, a church organist and teacher in Neustadt/ Holstein. In 1984 Ilse, who was living in Germany, gave the score, as well as works of art and other artifacts, to Madge Boblenz and her husband Carl because there were no remaining male Boblenz heirs in Germany. In 1996 Madge and Karl presented it to Jerry Boblenz because he was "the only living male descendent of the Heinrich Wilhem Boblenz/Jenny (Thon) Boblenz Family." The provenance of the first edition from 1858 to the present is recorded in remarkable and unusual detail.The Boblenz edition contains a large number of fingerings that suggest that the performer was someone who was unable to play octaves in either hand. …


The nutritional benefits of consuming long chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are found predominantly in linseed for example, are well known. The consumption of poultry meat has increased in consumption by 80% in the last three decades. The best method of increasing long chain ω-3 PUFA consumption would be to increase the long chain ω-3 PUFA content in the edible tissues of poultry aimed for human diets. It has been shown that heart and blood vessel diseases, as well as the occurrence of atherosclerosis are a direct consequence of consuming products of animal origin in human nutrition which contain a high content of lipids rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA), which are the main causes of these diseases. For these reasons healthy foods enriched in PUFAs, particularly ω-3 fatty acids, have gained high importance because of their beneficial effects on human health. Apart from the importance of being able to predict chicken carcass conformation it is also necessary to calculate the required level of fatty acids in the chicken diet that are incorporated into the edible tissues. Regression analysis is most often used for this prediction. The goal in regression analysis is to create a mathematical model that can be used to predict the values of a dependent variable based upon the values of an independent variable. The aim of this paper is to show possible solutions for broiler edible tissue enrichment with ω-3 fatty acids from linseed, and to give possible solutions to the inclusion level of fatty acids in the diets using regression analyses.


The authors of the article reveal the possibilities and prospects for career guidance in the preparation of adolescents to adequate career article presents innovative author"s program orientation and describes the main principles determining its effectiveness.


The required strategies or tactics, and the initial size-up of different building types throughout the operation that should be done by a firefighter are discussed. The firefighters depends on the information to make tactical decisions throughout the operation. A few critical size-up and safety points that are most prevalent at fire include the advancement of a 2.5 inch line into an exposure to halt lateral fire extension in the cockloft, and a lazy smoke condition in pushing from the front display windows. A heavy smoke condition visible above the roof line means that either the roof firefighters have accomplished ventilation or that the fire has burned through the roof. Any fireground firefighter is required to report the conditions that would impact the other companies, and the successful outcome of the operation. The firefighters operating at the roof have cut a large ventilation hole over the fire, and the steel rolldown gates have been cut.


Abstract : The GAMA Corporation provides services to corporations and state and federal government agencies in strategic planning and contingency preparedness. GAMA specializes in gaming and analyzing situations characterized by high uncertainty or adversarial positions; e.g.: Colombia's drug war; energy emergencies, natural disasters, RD and debt negotiations. Since 1985, the GAMA Corporation has conducted over 90 strategic planning and contingency gaming sessions. These projects have involved over 1500 participants. Such scenario-based planning and gaming is the process of developing plans which test, rather than assume, the responses of opposing powers or interest groups. GAMA uses electronic polling and computer techniques to capture the essence of what experts believe, and why. This method of structured planning sessions is intended not to predict a single-point outcome, but to increase the understanding of an issue by analyzing it from several perspectives, to include those with opposing objectives. The use of gaming as a tool for strategic planning can yield both insights and consensus about major issues. The last two planning sessions -- (at the Naval War College, Newport in October 1989 and in the SDIO conference room in December 1989) -- yielded a similarity and a pattern described as follows. The purpose of the two sessions was to "Think Red" and determine how to cooperate with the U.S. on SDI, and then to "Think Blue" about the technology management implications of possible Red proposals/actions. (The figures refer to the quantitative judgments of the participants.)


A new species, Cantharellus albus, was collected from southwestern China and described with both morphological and molecular characters. It differs from other species of Cantharellus by its smooth white pileus, white hymenophore, and white stipe, the latter turning yellow after bruising. The phylogenetic tree inferred from the combined dataset of three DNA fragments, namely large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1), indicated that the new species is distinct from other species of Cantharellus and is a member of sect. Flavobrunnei within the subgenus Parvocantharellus.


Objectives: We conducted this study to report the clinical effects of Sibak-tang (Saiboku-to) in an elderly patient suffering from sputum and dysphagia after conventional treatment for pneumonia. Methods: The Sibak-tang was administered to the patient to treat sputum and dysphagia. The results were assessed by measuring the frequency of the sputum and conducting a videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Results: After about three weeks of herbal medicine treatments, the patient's symptoms of respiratory problems improved. The results of the videofluoroscopic swallowing study were also improved. Conclusion: Sibak-tang could be an effective treatment for elderly patients suffering from sputum and dysphagia after conventional treatment for pneumonia.


In this paper we investigate the co-movements between the R&D share of total investment and GDP growth in different EU areas over the period 1999-2014. Our empirical analysis shows that only core countries display a common counter-cyclical mechanism leading to an increased share of R&D over prolonged downturns. The lack of any counter-cyclical pattern of R&D share over the evolution of GDP growth in periphery countries makes this area highly vulnerable to persistent recessions, with potentially harmful consequences for longer term growth. For recent EU members the evidence of R&D share pro-cyclicality should be evaluated in the light of the catching-up process still at work in this area. Our analysis suggests that any successful EU innovation policy should not disregard the potential divergence in R&D performance due to the dispersion of the counter-cyclical properties of the share of productivity enhancing activities in the different EU areas.


To describe the far turbulent wake flow behind a towed body in a linearly stratified medium we use an hierarchy of semi-empirical turbulent models. The most complex model comprises differential equations for transport of normal Reynolds stresses. We give computational results demonstrating far turbulent wake dynamics both in a passively and actively stratified medium as compared to far momentumless turbulent wake dynamics. We numerically simulate the anisotropic decay of turbulence in a far wake behind a towed body. We give computational results of turbulent wake characteristics for large decay periods.


The human society has throughout history been faced with great challenges. These challenges however hold the opportunity for us humans to learn and grow as a species in whole. As the human populati ...


The rechargeable battery was prepared from a cathode-active substance of vulcanized polyacetylene,an anode disk of Li and an electrolyte consisting of a dioxolane with 2 mol/L LiClO4.The properties of battery were studied.The results of experiment indicate that the battery has a quite high energy of 1500-2000 W·h/kg,which were calculated according to the cathode-active substantial amount.


I T WOULD seem that in Presidential elections as in horse racing, people like to know the outcome ahead of time. Every four years the public opinion poll is thrown back into the limelight, not so much for what it can contribute to an understanding of the attitudes of people to the important issues of the day, or the forces that go into a political victory for one side or the other, but mainly because it may be able to pick the winner. Because of this one-sided view of the public opinion poll as a predictive agent rather than as a tool for dynamic social research, one of the main questions asked is that of its accuracy. Do the polls have a sound basis for the prediction of voting behavior, so that we can trust the forecasts of Gallup or Roper more than those of the journalist or the practicing politician? At what points may the public opinion expert encounter difficulties in making an accurate forecast ? Since the use to which the politician can put the polling data depends upon their reliability, we shall treat this question briefly first. Beyond the question of accuracy, however, there are broader and more disturbing issues that quadrennially arise in conection with the polls. These


Background: Berkheya is a large, mainly southern African genus of approximately 75 species, several of which are poorly known and under-collected. Since revision in 1959, only a few new species have been described. Publication of new taxa facilitates conservation objectives and contributes to a better understanding of the southern African flora. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe a new species of  Berkheya , consider its taxonomic position within the genus and assess its conservation status. Methods: Macromorphology and micromorphology of the new species were compared with known species. Results: Berkheya dumicola N.G.Bergh & Helme was described from two subpopulations from the northern Bokkeveld escarpment, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. The species is a tall shrub with radiate flowerheads, toothed receptacle alveole margins, a uniseriate pappus of small, rounded scales and very short twin-hairs on the cypsela. Conclusion: Berkheya dumicola is a new species with a unique combination of features. Based on morphological characteristics, its closest relative within the genus is likely to be the recently described Berkheya chrysanthemoides J.C.Manning & Goldblatt. The limited geographic extent and small population size of  B. dumicola warrant an International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) status of 'Endangered'.


This work uses the poly(lactic acid) stereocomplex (scPLA) system as an example to illustrate a comprehensive study of the low-frequency vibrations of polymers through an interplay of THz spectroscopy, solid-state DFT simulation and a recently developed mode analysis method.


This paper presents the results of a study on the static friction properties of (Ti,Mo)(C,N)-Ni hardmetal coatings deposited by HVOF spraying. Coating samples were sprayed on quenched and tempered CrMo steel friction rings using an experimental feedstock powder. Friction surfaces were characterized based on the geometry and distribution of prominent peaks and static coefficient of friction was measured. Test results show that the hardmetal coatings have good potential for use in frictionally engaged joints, but more work is needed to establish a correlation between coating properties and friction behavior.


Introduction Paraneoplastic syndromes (PS) result from indirect effects of neoplasms. In 50% of the cases the symptoms precede the diagnosis and run independently. PS may involve the peripheral or central nervous system, resulting in symptoms from sensory neuropathies to several neuropsychiatric manifestations. Objectives To review the psychiatric manifestations of paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the nervous system. Methods Selective literature review via PubMed search, using the keywords "paraneoplastic syndromes", "endrocrine paraneoplastic syndromes", "neuropsychiatric manifestations", "limbic encephalitis". Results The prevalence of PS varies with the type of cancer (<1% for breast and ovarian cancers; 3-5% for small cell lung cancer; 20% for thymomas). The general mechanisms behind PS are related to the production of substances by the tumor that directly or indirectly cause distant symptoms, the depletion of substances or the host response to the tumor. Frequently there are autoimmune phenomena involved, with the production of antineuronal antibodies that recognise various antigens at the nervous system. Paraneoplastic neurological disorders include limbic encephalits that can present subacutely with symptoms of depression, irritability, hallucinations, cognitive impairment associated with sleep alterations, confusion and seizures. Others include psoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome, neuromyotonia and cramp fasciculation syndrome. Metabolic and endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (hypercortisolism, carcinoid tumors, pancreatic cancer) can result from the production of cytokines and hormones by the tumor and produce mood disorders, confusional states and psychosis. Conclusions PS can be related to various neuropsychiatric manifestations affecting consciousness, cognition, mood and perception. The recognition of this association can alert for the possibility of a cancer diagnosis specially when facing a patient with unusual clinical presentation. Disclosure No significant relationships.


Controlled actuation of electroactive polymers with embedded high dielectric nanoparticles is theoretically analyzed. If the inclusions are placed randomly in the elastomer body, the composite always contracts along the direction of the applied field. For a simple cubic distribution of inclusions, contraction occurs if the applied field is directed along the [001] direction of the lattice. For inclusions occupying the sites of other lattice structures such as body-centered or face-centered cubic crystals, the composite elongates along the field direction if it is applied along the [001] direction. The stability of the elongation against the imperfectness of the lattice site positions and the distortion ratio of the initial structures are examined. Finite elongation windows show up for the initially distorted body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic crystals as a function of the distortion ratio of the initial structure. The existence of these elongation windows are also predicted from the analysis of the electrostatic energy of the distorted body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic lattice structures. Our results indicate that the electrostriction effect, which is the main contribution to the actuation of low aspect-ratio composites, strongly depends on the geometry of the spatial distribution of nanoparticles, and can thereby largely be tuned.


Exhaust emission data were generated from a fleet of 24 late model fuel-injected vehicles at ambient temperatures of 75{sup 0}, 50{sup 0}, and 20{sup 0}F using a commercial gasoline with Reid vapor pressure (RVP) of 11.8 psi. Tests were conducted using the standard FTP and a low-speed cold- and hot-start test cycle. The in-use vehicles were tested in an as-received condition without engine adjustment or modification. This paper provides an analysis of the generated data.


Abstract Accelerated soil microbial nitrification is associative with rapid aerobic decomposition of highly proteinaceous, senescent legume nodules. Resultant high soil nitrate levels repress leghemoglobin‐nitrogenase activity levels and inhibit symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Objectives of this study were to determine nodule histology and enzymatic transformations of leghemoglobin catabolism occurring during rigorous defoliation and rapid regrowth of forage Siratro [Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC) Urb)]. Growth, nodulation and nitrogenase activity increased quadradically to 170 day‐age. Proportions of histochromic pink‐red nodule centrales correlated with nitrogenase activity levels. Induced nitrosylleghemoglobin‐choleglobin synthesis, with greenishbrown nodule centrales, resulted from increased soil nitrification during decomposition of senescent nodules following defoliation. Nodule histology utilized leucofuchsin Schiff‐Base specific stain interactions with cytosol glycan conjugates. Resultant magenta ch...


In this study, management of hazardous wastes in sludge form containing some potentially toxic heavy metals and organic chemicals by solidification/stabilization technology was investigated. During experimental studies, the solidification/stabilization technology was applied to the industrial treatment sludge which was originated from a chemical-metal finishing industry. Hazardous wastes were analyzed by using eluat and extract procedures as defined and the hazard characteristics of the waste were determined based on both Turkish and United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations by means of leaching test methods (DIN 38414-S4 Test and Extraction Procedure Toxicity Test). Portland cement was used as a binder for S/S of hazardous waste. Control and other specimens were prepared with dried sludge, cement, fine aggregate, course aggregate, water and a concrete additive as C 35 class of concrete. Compressive strength tests and leach tests were conducted for solidified concrete specimens. Total organic carbon and the heavy metal concentrations in EP extracts and eluats were determined. Main objectives of this study were to implement the S/S technology on the wastewater treatment system sludge and to investigate compatibility with disposal and recovery. This study indicates the hazard criteria removal of these sludges by S/S technology and leads to solve problems about the management alternatives of these hazardous wastes. It was found out that S/S was an effective technology in treatment and recovery of hazardous wastes.


The invention relates to a disposable rectum anastomat instrument recycling device which comprises a rack, a jig, a buckle beak-off mechanism, an inverted buckle relieving mechanism, a switching mechanism and a head separation mechanism, wherein the jig is mounted on the rack and is used for positioning a disposable rectum anastomat; the buckle beak-off mechanism and the inverted buckle relieving mechanism are arranged on two sides of the jig; the switching mechanism is used for switching operation positions of the buckle beak-off mechanism and the inverted buckle relieving mechanism; the head separation mechanism is arranged in front of the jig; the buckle beak-off mechanism and the inverted buckle relieving mechanism are both arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the gun body of the head separation mechanism; the head separation mechanism is aligned to the head part of the disposable rectum anastomat. Due to the adoption of the disposable rectum anastomat instrument recycling device, the gun body can be automatically separated from the head part, the working efficiency is high, and the cost can be reduced.


Model-based optoacoustic reconstruction can incorporate the shape of transducers. However, the accompanying memory cost will hinder it for high resolution performance. The propose method provides over an order of magnitude reduction in inversion time in experiments. Additionally, it also suits for the analysis of inversion stability.


An integrated computer environment for the structural design of new power lines, the evaluation of existing lines, and their long term management is described. The detailed content of the data files that need to be accessed is presented. Implementation of commonly used design and archiving functions on a workstation should help optimize design, reduce design mistakes, and result in considerable gains in engineering productivity.<<ETX>>


The tetragonal-monoclinic transformations of zirconia have been studied on pristine single crystals and on their cycled crystallites. Two complementary techniques have been used. Small angle neutron scattering experiments were carried out to monitor the degree of completion of a transformation under equilibrium conditions for collections of 20--30 large crystals using the total internal and external surface area as an indicator. Differential thermal analysis experiments were carried out on smaller single-domain crystals of different sizes individually during heating and cooling to measure the rates of latent heat absorption and emission. The investigation establishes the upper limit of stability of the monoclinic phase, the lower limit of stability of the tetragonal phase, and the coexistence temperature between the two phases. The characteristics of the transformations are also inferred from these experiments.


There are some disadvantages in current teaching pattern of programming course group.In this paper,we research and practice new teaching patterns to combine the theoretical teaching and the practical learning.We hope the new teaching patterns can improve the ability of students' programming and promote the computer science applicative talents cultivate.


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT) for hematological malignancies.Method 42 cases of performing AHSCT were analysed restrospectively,and 27 cases were standard risk patients,the other were high risk patients.Result Except 2 cases who died before re-establishing of haematogenesis,all patients were successfully engrafted.The 3 and 5 years of overall survival(OS) of these patients were(82.3 ± 2.1)% and(77.2 ± 9.6)%,and disease free survival(DFS) were(71.8 ± 8.3) % and(69.2 ± 9.2)% respectively.The 5 years of OS was(96.1 ± 4.1)% and(49.1 ± 16.2)%,DFS was(92.1 ± 4.2)% and(28.2 ± 13.1)%,cumulate relapse ratio was(19.1 ± 8.2)% and(50.1 ± 12.1)%,and they were evi-dent difference in standard risk and high risk patients respectively(P0.001).The cumulate relapse ratio were evident difference in the maintenance therapy and non-maintenance therapy post-AHSCT(P0.001).Conclusion AHSCT is a good treatment for hematological malignancies.The morbid state before AHSCT was a main cause for relapse post-AHSCT,and the maintenance therapy post-AHSCT was effectively able to decrease relapse ratio.


Peripheral blood flow and systolic blood pressure (strain gauge plethysmograph), blood volume (Evans blue), and whole blood viscosity (cone-plate viscometer) have been measured in 66 sick premature and full-term infants 6 to 144 hours of age. Blood flow and blood volume were moderately decreased in the infants with respiratory distress. Highly significant (P<0.001) correlations were found between blood flow and blood volume (r=0.77), blood pressure and blood volume (r=0.50), peripheral resistance and blood volume (r=-0.44), blood flow and pressure (r=0.50), blood flow and peripheral resistance (r=-0.67), peripheral resistance and blood viscosity (r=0.45), and blood viscosity and hematocrit (r=0.86). There was no correlation between peripheral flow and blood viscosity. However, at given blood volume peripheral blood flow decreased with increasing blood viscosity.These results indicate that in newborn infants peripheral blood flow, blood pressure and peripheral resistance are influenced by blood volume, but also depend on blood viscosity.


A design of an ion trap apparatus for measurements of excitation functions of d(d,p)t and 3He(d,p)4He reactions with bare beam and target at energies below the Coulomb barrier is presented. It aims to deduce the exact astrophysical S factor (cross section) without any modification due to the atomic electrons of target or both projectile and/or target particles in the region 1.5<Ecm<12 keV and 6.5<Ecm<15 keV. The technology of electron beam ion sources and traps has been applied substantially to solve luminosity and background problems for the measurement of nuclear reactions with less than a nanobarn cross section for astrophysical interest.


Cherished Possessions: A New England Legacy. Colby College Museum of Art, Waterville, Maine, July 16 to October 27, 2003; Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, June 12 to August 22, 2004; Honolulu Academy of Fine Arts, Honolulu, Hawaii, September 29, 2004, to January 2, 2005; Bard College Graduate Center, New York City, March 10 to June 5, 2005; Public Museum of Grand Rapids, Grand Rapids, Michigan, July 2 to October 31, 2005.


Thursday, March 8, 2007, is World Kidney Day! World Kidney Day was proposed by the International Society of Nephrology and International Federation of Kidney Foundations in 2006 to broadcast a message about kidney diseases to the public, government health officials, general physicians, allied health professionals, individuals, and families. It was launched on March 9, 2006, and will be fully inaugurated this year (http://www.worldkidneyday.org/).

The message is that kidney disease is common, harmful, and treatable. In this article, we focus on chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a global public health problem and the urgent need for all countries to have a public health policy for CKD. Until recently, decision makers in public health and biomedical science had viewed CKD as uncommon, without consequences, and untreatable until the stage of kidney failure. The care of patients with CKD had been marginalized, relegated to the subspecialty of nephrology, with payment primarily directed at dialysis and transplantation, which are too costly for the vast majority of people who live outside the developed world. At the same time, costs for other chronic diseases have been mounting. In developed countries, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) consume a large fraction of resources for health care. The epidemic of obesity will magnify these costs, in the young as well as in the elderly. In developing countries, the burden of these noncommunicable diseases is rising even though communicable diseases are not yet under control. We now recognize that CKD is especially common in people with other chronic diseases and multiplies the risk for adverse outcomes and costs. The public health mandate now is clear. No country can afford to overlook the burden of CKD; prevention, early detection, and intervention are the only cost-effective strategies. In the following paragraphs, we outline the rationale for key elements of a …