The purpose of this paper is to propose a new dithizone solution dosimeter for high radiation applications such as polymers applications and food irradiation.,Gamma-rays cell of Co-60 source with 8.4 kGy/h dose rate was used to irradiate the dithizone solutions at different irradiation temperatures. The optical measurements of unirradiated and irradiated dithizone dye solution dosimeters were performed using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer at absorption peaks of 421 and 515 nm.,The new dosimeter improved significantly with the increase of dithizone dye concentrations from 0.025 to 0.1 mM. The dosimeter shows a perfect pre- and post-irradiation stability after irradiation for five days. Because of irradiation temperature dependence, the dithizone solution dosimeter should be corrected under actual processing conditions.,Dosimetry is a key point in quality control of radiation processing to assure that uniform and correct radiation doses are delivered to a region of interest. Therefore, this study introduces a dithizone solution dosimeter for high-dose radiation applications such as food irradiation, polymers applications and agriculture.,Ionizing radiation interacted with the ethanol solvent, resulting in the formation of free radicals, then these free radicals interacted with the dithizone molecule and changed the dye color from yellow to orange.


Abstract The contribution of glycolate as a precursor of oxalate in newly expanding spinach leaves was compared with that of L-ascorbic acid (ASA). Detached spinach leaves were fed with [2-14C]glycolate and [1-14C]ASA. Using the values of the rate of photorespiratory glycolate synthesis and the incorporation of glycolate-14C into oxalate, the rate of oxalate biosynthesis via glycolate amounted to 34 μg g-1 fr wt h-1 under light conditions. When the values of incorporation of ASA-14C into oxalate and the turnover rate of ASA were used, the rate of oxalate biosynthesis via ASA in light and darkness, amounted to 1.6 and 2.9 μg g-1 fr wt h-1, respectively. Glycolate was found to be more efficient as a precursor of oxalate than ASA in newly expanding spinach leaves.


Some incompatible aspects between the existing administrative system and the current situation and new tasks have to be solved further for scientifically regulating and institutionalizing the establishment management of local government to make the establishment management of local government become a basic job for allocating ruling resources of CPC and China.Therefore,the reform of the administrative management system must be deepened according to the request of the building of the service government,responsible government,the government of the rule of the law and the clean government with the focus on changing functions,straightening out regulations,optimizing structure and improving efficiency.The prerequisite for deepening the institutional reform is that we must manage the government establishment strictly and accelerating the process of the legalization of the government establishment.


To the Editor: We thank the authors1 for their thoughtful comments and agree regarding the additional host of opportunities available for implementing surgical neuromodulation techniques such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) for refractory neurological and psychiatric disorders. As stated in our paper,2 and as emphasized by the commentary from Brown et al,1 DBS is being increasingly used for various neurological disorders. However, while there exist plentiful opportunities for the application of DBS therapy, we must acknowledge that results from ongoing trials with DBS therapy for these myriad disorders have shown mixed results. A critical limitation of using DBS for improvement or "neuroenhancement" is the incomplete understanding of the neural dynamics of the dysfunctional network(s) underlying the disease being treated. While there has been substantial progress in understanding neural correlates of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, a similar degree of robust understanding of the neurophysiology of psychiatric disorders largely remains to be accomplished. Of the many ways to accomplish this necessary network-level understanding, our article describes one platform that we feel would be of use to the neuromodulation community. As a natural extension of the epilepsy surgery approach, it is familiar to the field and can be adapted as needed for each specific new application. We once again thank Brown et al for their interest in this article and invite others to contact us with their thoughts as well.


The present invention, metallic copper catalyst used in the ethylene addition reaction to polyfluoroalkyl iodide, and efficiently producing a polyfluoroalkyl ethyl iodide by using the metallic copper catalysts in ethylene addition reaction of polyfluoroalkyl iodides to provide a method for. Further, by using the same metallic copper catalysts in the telomerization reaction and ethylene addition reaction subsequent to provide a method for efficiently producing a polyfluoroalkyl ethyl iodide from polyfluoroalkyl iodide.


The spherical wave expansion is derived for fields of particles of arbitrary spin and mass, and for arbitrary helicity, massless particles (such as the electromagnetic vector potential corresponding to photons). The starting point is Weinberg's characterization of relativistic, higher spin fields that transform according to general irreducible representations of the homogeneous Lorentz group. The expansion is a relativistic generalization of the familiar tensor and spinor spherical harmonics. It is useful for central force problems that arise, for example, in scattering processes off spherically symmetric solitonic backgrounds such as monopoles or skyrmions.


To preserve threatened vascular plants in the Ukrainian Carpathians the regional Red List is presented. It is completed on the basis of field research data of authors, numerous Ukrainian and foreign herbarium collections, critical review of literary data which include information on the regional flora. The Red List totals 425 taxa belonging to 238 genera and 71 families. Their place in Red Data Books of different levels and International legislative documents are shown. Analysis of distribution of threatened plant species within the systematic, chorology and administrative units as well as within the categories of protection is given. Data on the structure and distribution of endemic phytogene pool are given. List of new and forgotten taxa and taxa whose occurrence in the flora of the region needs to be confirmed are given.


Aluminate chelate and calcium nitrate precursors were used to synthesize amorphous calcium aluminate powders by sol-gel processing at <900°C. The method of preparation and results of characterization of the gels by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning Auger microscopy, and single-point BET analysis are presented. An optimum heat-treatment schedule consisting of heating the gel to 900°C at 5°C/min and holding for 16 h was developed to produce highly reactive, X-ray amorphous calcium aluminate powders


THE BABYLONIAN FLOOD-HERO possessed two alternative names, Atrahasis 'the very wise,' which he shared with other primeval sages, and Ut-napistim, the reading of which was a bone of contention among scholars for three decades. A decade after Meissner's discovery of the variant Utanaistim (MVAG 1902, p. 13, n. 1) had established the correct reading, Arno Poebel found its Sumerian prototype, Zi-ud-BU-du, which he pronounced Ziugiddu. Other scholars (Sayce, Zimmern, Langdon) suggested Ziusuddu, in the light of CT 18. 30. 9: Zi-sud-da = Ut-na-pa(!)-as,(!)-te. Zisuidu, (for Ziusuidu), furthermore, was identified with the UKVO6jS of Lucian, flep' Trs Evpls moreover, the writing BU in the Poebel text is far from disproving this testimony. Both in form and in origin the characters bu and sud are closely related; sud is bu-gunu (Delitzsch, Entstehung, p. 67; cf. Barton, BA 9. 172), and they share the values ard'ku (sir), and ru'qu (sud). Decisive evidence for the reading Ziusuidu is furnished by the Semitic translation Ut-napiStim ruaqu 'Ut-napistim the remote.' The Sumerian equivalent of ruzqu is sud, not gid, which means 'long.' In the light of such names as Uta-zi-mu 'Uta is my life' (Thureau-Dangin, Lettres et contrats, p. 68), the Semites took Ut-zi to be the name and sud-du as a participial appellative, an epithet like (Siduri) Sabitu, (Ur-ianabi) malahu, (Uruk) supuri, etc., and gave it the usual value, ri'qu 'distant.' This disposes of the over-ingenious suggestions made by some scholars; e. g., Langdon (PSBA 36. 190) regards U1tnapistim as an abbreviation for Ut-napistim-arik. The original meaning of the name may have been 'The submerged light of life' (cf. the ma sud-a = elippum tebitum of


Measurement of drag reduction and frequency analysis of the wall pressure fluctuation in pipe flow are carried out using dilute polymer solutions and aqueous detergent solutions in order to discuss the correlation between drag reduction and pressure fluctuation. Frequency analysis indicates that the power spectrum density of the pressure fluctuation of dilute polymer solutions is greater in the low-frequency region and less above 30[Hz] than that of water (solvent). Moreover, the level of pressure fluctuation in dilute polymer solutions is on the whole greater than that in water.


—Ransomware is a type of malware that damage the system by encrypting all the files existing in the computer. To get access, the victim has to pay a ransom to get a key to decrypt his data. When the virus is running in machine, the user cannot stop it on the first try, so he may lose his entire files. One of the goals of this work is to detect ransomware based on encrypted files in real time and to minimize the cost of losing files. We will try to do an analysis of a received file (without opening it and seeing its contents). This scanning action can prevent a ransomware from spreading in the system. Most Ransomware files are sent in ".exe" format, but in this work, we will try to use other file formats that can accept malware, for example, .doc or .docx, .xls or .xlsx, .ppt or .pptx, .jpg, etc. In fact, an attacker can focus only on the files that contain useful data. In this paper, we are going to identify the types of files if they are suspicious or normal (without opening them) from their headers. For that first, we are going to analyze each extension separately (.docx, .exe, .pptx, .xlsx, .jpg, etc.) by identifying their headers and signatures. Then we will take several files with different extensions to analyze them by doing a program who detect if a file is benign or suspicious.


This paper first deals with the measurement of technological innovation output and a detailed description of two-stage approach, the least squares method adopted in the first stage can estimate Cobb - Douglas production function of the industry and the resulting residuals are considered as the output indicators of the industries' technological innovation. In the second stage, the stochastic frontier model and the corresponding results drawn from the previous stage are used to estimate new technological innovation function of the entire industry, and the indexes of technological innovation efficiency in different industries are obtained accordingly. Subsequently, the technological innovation efficiency of the key industries in Hebei Province, including iron and steel, food, pharmaceutical, architecture and construction material, textile and garment, equipment manufacturing and petrochemical, is measured by means of this method. Lastly, the related proposals, according to the difference and developing trend of technological innovation efficiency index in different industries, on increasing technological innovation input and reasonable resources allocation are respectively put forward so as to improve the technological innovation efficiency and promote the development of key industries.


Abstrac tPossible evolutionary consequences of sport hunting have received relatively little con sideration by wildlife managers. We reviewed the literature on genetic implications o f sport hunting of terrestrial vertebrates and recommend research directions to address cu r rent uncertainties. Four potential effects can be ascribed to sport hunting: 1) it may alte r the rate of gene flow among neighboring demes, 2) it may alter the rate of genetic drif t through its effect on genetically effective population size, 3) it may decrease fitness by deliberately culling individuals with traits deemed undesirable by hunters or managers , and 4) it may inadvertently decrease fitness by selectively removing individuals with trait s desired by hunters. Which, if any, of these effects are serious concerns depends on the nature and intensity of harvest as well as the demographic characteristics and breeding system of the species at issue. Undesirable genetic consequences from hunting have been documented in only a few cases, and we see no urgency. However, studies speci f ically investigating these issues have been rare, and such consequences require carefu l analysis and long time periods to detect. Existing information is sufficient to suggest tha t hunting regimes producing sex- and age-specific mortality patterns similar to those occu r ring naturally, or which maintain demographic structures conducive to natural breeding patterns, will have fewer long-term evolutionary consequences than those producing highly uncharacteristic mortality patterns .


This research was undertaken to establish the preservative role of lactic acid (LA) and salicylic acid (SA) included in a gelatin–glycerol film over the harvested plums. The results showed that highest catalase activity was achieved for the plums modified with LA 0.2% wt and with SA 0.00375 M, after 12 days of storage. The most reduced variation of the physical, chemical, and enzymatic parameters was noticed in the plums coated with LA 0.2% wt. Statistical processing showed that the variation of all physical–chemical parameters, excepting catalase is significant. Variation of catalase is significant only in the case of the plums modified with LA 3% wt and of reference plums. Thus, the coating of the harvested plums with a low amount of LA (≤0.2% wt) can be considered as preservation method during storage for 12 days.

Practical applications
Lactic acid (LA) and salicylic acid (SA) were coated on the harvested plums and their role as preservative during the fruit storage was established. The results showed that coating the harvested plums with a gelatin–glycerol film modified with LA at low concentration (≤0.2% wt) is an efficient method for preservation at room temperature for 12 days, taking in consideration that the commercial shelf life of harvested plums is 2–6 weeks, at 0 °C.


Husk tomato (Physalis philadelphica Lam.) a source of functional food and medicinal compounds, has attracted renewed interest for production in temperate zones. Field-grown husk tomato yield and fruit properties and their relationship with soil chemistry and temperature were studied in the south of West Siberia, Russia, at five experimental sites. At each site, a microplot experiment with two cultivars was conducted. Basic soil chemical properties and fruit pH and dry matter, total carbon, nitrogen, and ascorbic acid content were determined. Both cultivars grew and yielded very well, producing on average 70 fruits, or 1.46 kg, per plant, with 14 mg ascorbic acid per 100 g fresh weight, 9.0% dry matter, and juice pH of 4.1. Variation in environmental conditions among sites was the major factor determining production and fruit property variation, with cultivar biology accounting for 10%. The cultivars responded differently to some soil properties, but generally their yield and fruit quality depended on soil pH and labile phosphorous and potassium. Thus, husk tomato has remarkable capacity for vigorous yields in unprotected conditions in West Siberia, despite air and soil temperatures that are much lower than in its region of origin. Detailed studies are needed to elucidate its response to varying solar radiation and atmospheric precipitation.


(57) Abstract: Method for spinning a fluorinated olefinic aqueous dispersion and the cellulose ether particles is in the polymer was thoroughly washed with water from the mixture The included solution fluorinated olefin polymer intermediate structure.


Simulations of transient, unsaturated vertical flow in different initially dry homogeneous soils using Richards' equation suggest that, for a relatively coarse numerical grid, there is no universal weighting scheme to estimate interblock conductivities capable of giving an accurate resolution of the resulting steep wetting fronts, except for the scheme associated with the Kirchhoff transformation (KT). The principal drawback of KT is that it can hardly be applied to heterogeneous soils. A new asymptotic weighting (AW) scheme, based on the asymptotic behavior of the hydraulic conductivity function in the vicinity of residual saturation, is proposed. Numerical tests demonstrate that the AW scheme describes wetting fronts in homogeneous soils nearly as accurately as a scheme based on KT. Applicability and robustness of the AW scheme for simulating water infiltration into heterogeneous soils having substantial vertical variation of hydraulic properties are also demonstrated. Extension of the proposed scheme to higher dimensions is straightforward.


Pig classification is based on objective estimation of the lean meat content of the carcasses. The European Union established a common framework for the classification of pig carcasses. Carcass classification serves as a quality development tool to encourage the breeding of animals, from which it is possible to get high quality carcasses for processors and consumers. It is a common practice to recalculate pig carcasses classification formulas and update existing classification methods (or develop new methods) after every five years. The representative samples of 145 pig carcasses from all regions of Latvia were used for the dissection trial. The precisely dissected carcasses with the warm carcass weight 60–110 kg were selected according to fat thickness and gender of pigs (the sex ratio were 50% females and 50% castrated males). From the experimental data were developed new formulas for the four methods Intrascope (Optical Probe); Manual method (ZP); Pork Grader (PG200); Optigrade MCP. During sampling the average warm carcass weight was 89.31 kg. New coefficient was detected and formula was developed for calculation of carcass standard presentation in all cases if some of the carcass parts are missing; for the missing head 8.345, for the missing tail 0.072, for the missing forefeet 0.764, for the missing hind feet 1.558. The comparison between the currently used and new experimentally obtained formulas showed difference up to 1.86% in lean meat content. The results suggest high accuracy of new regression formulas, which fully meets requirements of EU


Distributed energy storage is beneficial to energy consumers and system operators, but it is expensive to install and requires careful management. To improve the viability of demand-side energy storage, this study presents a new method of obtaining optimal control actions for a demand-side energy storage system in the presence of distributed generation. The optimal usage policy is determined by framing the selection of charge and discharge actions as a stochastic optimization problem, which is conveniently represented as a Markov decision process. The proposed method uses short-term forecasts of loads and local generation to represent the time-dependence and nonstationarity of the net load profile. In contrast to previous studies, the forecast information is used to restrict the problem state space, reducing the computational complexity of the policy calculation. The method is tested using historic load and generation data with real time-of-use rate schedules and achieves substantial reductions in energy costs over similar existing methods.


As an outstanding representative figure of the American naturalist literature, Dreiser creates a new era of the American literature by writing in naturalist style. He regards objectivity and reality as the best creative rule, gives prominence to living consciousness and desire instinct, and emphasizes the decisive role of the environment. Based on Sister Carrie, this paper has an analysis and appreciation of naturalism.


Inflammation and excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have key roles in various vascular disorders, including restenosis, atherosclerosis and pulmonary artery hypertension. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study investigated the role of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and microRNA (miRNA) in the regulation of VSMC proliferation under inflammatory conditions. It was demonstrated that miR-17 stimulated the proliferation of VSMCs, enhanced cell cycle G1/S transition, and increased levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and E2F1. By directly targeting the retinoblastoma (RB) protein mRNA-3′ untranslated region, miR-17 suppressed the expression of RB. Activation of NF-κB p65 resulted in increased miR-17 expression in VSMCs, whereas inactivation of NF-κB p65 resulted in decreased expression of miR-17 in VSMCs. NF-κB p65 signalling directly regulates miR-17 promoter activity. NF-κB p65 activation also suppressed RB expression, which was abrogated by miR-17 inhibitor. Taken together, the present results indicated that VSMC proliferation is regulated by activation of the NF-κB p65/miR-17/RB pathway. As NF-κB p65 signalling is activated in and is a master regulator of the inflammatory response, the present findings may provide a mechanism for the excessive proliferation of VSMCs under inflammation during vascular disorders and may identify novel targets for the treatment of vascular diseases.


A series of adducts formed by the interaction of trimeric perfluoro-ortho-phenylene mercury (2) with various organic carbonyls including acetaldehyde, acetone, acetophenone, and benzophenone have been characterized. The crystal structures of [2·μ3-acetaldehyde] (3) and [2·μ3-benzophenone] (7), respectively, reveal the formation of 1:1 complexes in which one molecule of the organic carbonyl is concomitantly coordinated to the three mercury centers of 2 via the oxygen atom. In the benzophenone adduct 7, one of the phenyl rings of the coordinated benzophenone molecule engages in an intramolecular arene−fluoroarene interaction with a tetrafluorophenylene ring of 2 (intercentroid distance:  3.687 A). When 2 is combined with acetone and acetophenone, adducts [2·(acetone)(μ3-acetone)2] (4) and [2·(μ3-acetophenone)2] (6) are obtained. In both cases, two molecules of the ketone are positioned on each side of the planar trifunctional Lewis acid and are complexed via their respective oxygen atom to the three mercury...


ABSTRACT This paper explores the capacity of museums to stimulate critical reflection and dialog on constructions of human difference, and thereby to serve as agents of social change. The study draws on material from focus groups with youths, aged 16–18, following their visit to the exhibition FOLK – from racial types to DNA sequences at the Norwegian Museum of Science and Technology in Oslo. By juxtaposing past and present ideas and research on human biological variation, and its political and social ramifications, the exhibition aims to provoke consciousness and debate on strategies of establishing Us and Them. Discourse analysis demonstrates the negotiations involved in audience meaning-making, but also indicate the transforming potential of engagement with difficult heritage. The interactions and discussions between the visitors themselves emerge as an important ingredient in what constitute this potential. Museums are, however, in the position to become arenas for such deep discussion.


The culture is an important factor that influences society,politics and economy.The ultimate end target of social development is cultural prosperity.Particularly,a diapason society of can not be set up nowadays without cultural prosperity.Musical arts,as an important carrier and a way of performance of culture,are the direct influential power to build a harmonious society.The academic research over musical arts enables us to absorb the culture recourses both in home and abroad.Learning lessons from the achievements of such research,we can better the theoretical system of musical culture and offer a new perspective and a new philosophy to carry out the outlook of scientific development and to promote the harmonious development of human beings,human being and nature,and human beings and society.


Magnetic coupling constants J for the complete structures of heterobinuclear compounds GdCu(OTf)3(bdmap)2(H2O)·THF (1, GdIIICuII), [Gd(C4H7ON)4(H2O)3][Fe(CN)6]·2H2O (2, GdIIIFeIII), and [Gd(C4H7ON)4(H2O)3][Cr(CN)6]·2H2O (3, GdIIICrIII) have been calculated by the combination of the broken-symmetry approach with the spin project method under the DFT framework. The calculated J values (3.6 (1), 8.1 (2), and 20.3 cm-1 (3)) conform well to that of experimental findings (2.9(2) (1), 0.74(3) (2), and 0.40(2) cm-1 (3)) with a small difference in absolute value. The compounds 1−3, whose J values are all positive, show ferromagnetic couplings between two metal centers; thus, their ground states are all in high-spin states. The spin density distributions are discussed in detail on the basis of Mulliken population analysis, taking into account the coexistence of spin delocalization and spin polarization mechanisms. For 1, the spin distribution in the ground state may be understood as a result of the competition betw...


With the development of lead-free solders,Sn-Zn solder is the most promising one with the advantages of acceptable costs and low melting points near to SnPb.Sn-Zn solder has many questions,such as poor oxidation resistance,corrosion resistance and poor wetting ability,so various elements were added to Sn-Zn solder for better the properties.The influence of additions(including Bi,Al,In,Re(rare earth),Ag,Cu,P and multi-alloy) on the properties of Sn-Zn solder and the interface properties between Sn-Zn solder and Cu substrate,was indicated.And the practice application was summarized.


Building retrofit offers the opportunity to reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency and increase the use of renewable energy sources. The photovoltaic (PV) technology can be integrated into the building envelope, where conventional construction materials can be easily substituted by PV modules. Prices are competitive with some other solutions and good architectural building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) solutions enhance the appearance of the buildings. All this makes BIPV an attractive solution for effectively and sustainably retrofitting building envelopes, providing savings in materials and in conventional electricity consumption and, at the same time, improving the energy efficiency of the buildings. This paper shows a building retrofit case study in which standard PV modules are integrated into a new ventilated facade, aiming at serving as an easy-to-implement example for large-scale actions.


Abstract : NPGS is primarily a federally and state-supported effort aimed at maintaining supplies of plant germplasm with diverse genetic traits for use in breeding and scientific research. The diversity in germplasm collections enables breeders to develop improved crops that are more productive and often less vulnerable to pests and diseases. These collections are particularly important because the diversity of germplasm worldwide has been reduced by several factors, such as the widespread use of genetically uniform crops in commercial agriculture and the destruction of natural habitats that have been important sources of germplasm. The Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 established the main components of NPGS as well as a legal basis for federal and state cooperation in managing plant genetic resources. NPGS' current organizational structure-a geographically dispersed network of germplasm collections administered primarily by USDA'S Agricultural Research Service (ARS)-merged in the early 1970s. NPGS maintains about 440,000 germplasm samples for over 85 crops at 22 sites throughout the country and in Puerto Rico; almost half of these samples are maintained at four regional plant introduction stations. Germplasm samples are held in crop collections, each of which generally includes four types of germplasm (for example, germplasm from cultivated plants and germplasm from wild relatives of cultivated plants). Each type of germplasm contains genetic material that plays an important role in the collections' overall diversity.


Warranty obligations in product service involve additional costs to the manufacturers. Building diagnostic features into a product can reduce the warranty costs because of; 1) fewer visits needed by warranty service representatives (through self-guided user repairs for simple problems) and 2) shorter service times (via reduced diagnostic time) for each failure. However, this approach increases the cost of the product and is worthwhile only if the reduction in the expected warranty cost is more than the additional costs incurred. This paper develops models to evaluate diagnostic design decisions for products under warranty from the manufacturer's point of view. The roles and influence of the key parameters and decision variables based upon the consideration of uncertainty are explored. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed models.


High-efficiency polarimeter based on a spin dependence of the effect of mutual scattering of beam particles is described. It has been designed and succesfully commissioned at VEPP-4M collider for using in the new experiment on a refinement of the J/Ψ-, Ψ′meson masses and for the proposed measurement of the tau lepton mass by the resonance depolarization method.


The conductivities of thin film cobalt oxygen evolving catalysts (Co-OECs) are examined for four variants differing in phosphate and borate anion compositions and pH. The effects of these parameters on the Co-OEC activity is explored by (a) examination of the intermediate range structural order within films through high energy X-ray scattering and pair distribution function analysis, and (b) direct measurement of film conductivity, which has been measured with an interdigitated array microelectrode. We find that the nature of the anion is a critical determinant of the size of cobaltate clusters comprising the Co-OEC thin films which in turn is a critical determinant of film conductivity. Improved conductivity of the Co-OEC films with the size of the metalate clusters is consistent with a model for electron conduction that arises from the hopping of hole equivalents delocalized over metalate clusters. The hole hopping is fast relative to the rate-determining step of OER, which may become limited by proton ...


This letter proposes an integrated sensing and communication (ISaC) solution in uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. Specifically, we present a signalling approach in which, to enforce mutual interference cancellation between the radar and communication signals, the radar symbols are alternately reversed in consecutive periods while the data symbols are phase-rotated. To realise this approach, we propose a receiver structure that combines elements of zero forcing (ZF) and maximum likelihood (ML) for pair-wise detection of the targets and data. Comparing the bit error rate (BER) performance, the achievable sum rate (ASR), and the accuracy of radar channel estimation (RCE), the results show that the proposed approach has superior performance regardless of the power of the radar signal due to the perfect elimination of mutual interference between the communication and radar systems.


ABSTRACT This article looks critically at folk songs that a Swazi woman composes as she interacts with the social structures that surround her. Through these songs, she expresses her views, feelings and desires. The folk songs that will be used for the purposes of this discussion are communal songs that are composed and performed orally by any member of Swazi society. The songs are on social themes, such as cultural values, death, history and politics, as well as the woman's understanding of the workings of the Swazi economy. These songs provide one amongst several potential oral platforms that the Swazi woman can freely utilise to air her views and reflect on the frustrations that she encounters in her multifaceted world.


The process for dry powder impregnation of carbon fiber tows being developed at LaRC overcomes many of the difficulties associated with melt, solution, and slurry prepregging. In the process, fluidized powder is deposited on spread tow bundles and fused to the fibers by radiant heating. Impregnated tows have been produced for preform, weaving, and composite materials applications. Design and operating data correlations were developed for scale up of the process to commercial operation. Bench scale single tow experiments at tow speeds up to 50 cm/sec have demonstrated that the process can be controlled to produce weavable towpreg. Samples were woven and molded into preform material of good quality.


Structured perturbations of regular pencils of the form $sE-A,E,A \in {\rm I\!R}^{n\times n},\; s \in {\rm I\!\!\!C}$, are considered which model the addition of a capacitance c in an electrical circuit in order to improve the frequency response. (© 2011 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In a survey conducted to determine the effect of educational background of pharmacy students before entering a pharmacy program on their success as a first professional year student, a total of 6 questionnaires and questions related to demographics were administered. The survey was administered using an online instrument and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Based on the results; the majority of students who completed the survey (77 students) agreed that their educational-background, the academic institution they have previously attended, and elapse of math courses played significant roles in their success [1]. Being a female gender and taking a break between undergraduate-program and entering pharmacy school are also identified as some of the factors that played a role in their success. Although the


Ron Adner [RA]: The title is meant to evoke two different reactions simultaneously. The first is a reaction to the challenge of defining success. It used to be that when you looked at your competition, they looked just like you. This was the idea when Jack Welch wrote a famous book Winning, which focused on how to win through execution, with lower cost, higher quality, Six Sigma reliability, and being #1 or #2 in your market. Winning the Right Game changes the conversation. Yes, you need to do the right things to win your game, but you also have to be careful about the game you choose to play. Today, there are multiple games being played on the same board at the same time by different parties. What this means is that you could win but win the wrong game—and that is going to feel an awful lot like losing. This is a very different strategic challenge.


Any two kinds of materials will induce charge on relative motion state.using AC Inductive Charge signal of coal dust flowing sensor probe to accurately measure air flow velocity and coal dust concentration of coal boiler according to cross correlation and digital signal processing technique.


This patent discloses a method for preparing Modified ZnO powder having a high specific surface it solves the nano zinc oxide can be easily agglomerated, are difficult to disperse, and poor performance in combination with a polymer, wherein: using the hard acids and Zn (NO3) 2 · 6H2O chemical reaction under high temperature conditions, until the gas is stopped when the red-brown distributing heated and then firing the reaction was cooled, milled, before the heat treatment using the waste heat of the zinc oxide body which n-butanol was placed standing, washed with absolute ethanol precipitated several times, dried in a vacuum oven at 50oC, trituration modified ZnO powder. Modified nano ZnO powder reduces its surface polarity nanomaterials, improving dispersing ability and affinity of nanoparticles in an organic medium, expand the application of nanomaterials.


We select five objective sentiment indicators and one subjective sentiment indicator to build investor sentiment composite index in Chinese stock market by using the partial least squares. The reason why we do that is to improve the shortcomings of the principal component analysis, which was adopted to build investor sentiment composite index in the pioneering research. Moreover, due to the large proportion of individual investors in Chinese stock market and the rapid change of investor sentiment, we innovatively use the weekly data with smaller information granularity and higher frequency. Through empirical tests for its reasonability and market's predictive capability, we find that this index appears to fit the data better and improves prediction.


Acknowledgments List of abbreviations Introduction Notes on the translation The Science of Logic: Preface to the first edition Preface to the second edition Introduction Book I. The doctrine of being Book II. Essence Book III. The doctrine of the concept Appendix. Hegel's logic in its revised and unrevised parts Bibliography Index.


Finding the internal-friction peak of grain boundary anelastic relaxation was one of the important breakthroughs in the study of internal friction in the last century.But the micro-mechanism of grain boundary anelastic relaxations is still obscure.Based on the observations of the grain boundary seg-regation or depletion of solute induced by an applied stress,the following micro-mechanism was suggested:grain-boundaries will work as sources to emit vacancies when a compressive stress is exerted on them and as sinks to absorb vacancies when a tensile stress is exerted,inducing grain-boundary depletion or segregation of solute,respectively.The equations of vacancy and solute con-centrations at grain boundaries were established under the equilibrium of grain-boundary anelastic relaxation.With these the kinetic equations were established for grain boundary segregation and depletion during the grain boundary relaxation progress.


This essay analyse the relationships between scientific paradigms and different logics of power in the field of psychiatry, primarily in the fields of attention disorders of children and schizophrenia. In these two fields of psychiatric research and treatment, there exist two scientific paradigms, a biological/neuropsychiatric and a socialpsychological, working from different standpoints regarding questions of ontology, epistemology and theories of value. Drawing from Thomas Kuhns paradigmatic theory of science, and Michel Foucaults concept of power, this essay proposes that different paradigmatic standpoints gives rise to different logics of power. Relying on the concept of power/knowledge and different paradigmatic standpoints, the essay states that the biological/neuropsychiatric paradigm produces a biological individualising logic of power that fixes the individual to his/hers biological condition. This in contrast to the socialpsychological paradigm, which on the basis of its paradigmatic standpoints produces a social-group related logic of power. By connecting these different logics of power, with the role of the expertise and professions in the liberal-democratic state, the essay states that these two logics of power have profound effects in their different logics of operation.


The aims of the study were to examine: how many and which steps are needed to initiate and complete accelerations and turnings at different angles at different approach speeds; and how an intended turning angle and approach speed influence the magnitude of the actual turning angle in each step. Eight soccer players participated in the study. They performed acceleration and turnings: 1) from a standstill; 2) while already jogging; and 3) while already running on an outdoor soccer field. The speeds and angles were calculated from the data obtained from the high-end Global Navigation Satellite System. The high correlation between the intended turning angle and actual turning angle indicated the major turning steps during a turn. The intended turning angle revealed a large effect on the magnitude of the turning angle during the side-step (r = 0.995, p < 0.01) and the following step (r = 0.950, p < 0.01) for acceleration and turning from a standstill, and during the first two steps following the side-step for starts made while already jogging (r= 0.919, p < 0.01; r = 0.952, p < 0.01) and running (r = 0.897, p < 0.01; r = 0.881, p < 0.01). Further, a major part of the turning began earlier at a lower approach speed, which allowed the turning to be more quickly completed. In conclusion, the effect of acceleration with turning on the turning angle could already be seen two steps before and up to two steps after the major turning steps during a turn.


According to the author, the mechanism of elitesrecruitment is determined by the model of the countrys modernization. This project of the countrys future should be created by the partypolitical elite and supported by professional bureaucrats and be clear to the whole society


Mr.Zhu Ziqing's prose is rigorous and special because of the layout and precise idea.Based on the frequent successful application of modern "photography" in the text,this paper analyses the typical text of its painted scenery,hero characterization to reveal how the "photography" has been fused into the art of modern prose composition.Through the pursuit of "photography" into the prose of intrinsic motivation,I want to tap out the cultural paradigm of this constraint factors.And it is determined that its modern vernacular prose gradual transition away from tradition,eventually became a real sense of modern prose.


When pT‐LYCm4 containing lycopene synthetic genes was co‐transformed with pSUcrtY or pSHcrtY containing crtY gene of Pantoea ananatis (P. ananatis) or Pantoea agglomerans (P.agglomerans), β‐carotene productions of 36 and 35 mg/L were obtained, respectively. No lycopene was detected in the β‐carotene production culture. pT‐HB, constructed by addition of P. ananatis crtY gene into pT‐LYCm4, was used for co‐transformation with pSdxs and pSSN12Didi, which increased isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate synthesis. β‐Carotene production significantly increased 1.5‐fold (51 mg/L) with the amplification of the dxs gene through pSdxs and 4‐fold (135 mg/L) with the mevalonate bottom pathway of pSSN12Didi in the presence of 3.3 mM mevalonate. The pT‐DHB, constructed by integrating the dxs gene into pT‐HB, was used for cotransformation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) harboring pSSN12Didi, resulting in β‐carotene production of 141 mg/L. Recombinant E. coli harboring pT‐DHB and pSSN12Didi was used to maximize β‐carotene production by adjusting the available amounts of glycerol, a carbon source, and mevalonate, the precursor of the mevalonate bottom pathway. When recombinant E. coli was given 16.5 mM mevalonate and 2.5% (w/v) glycerol, β‐carotene production of 503 mg/L in concentration and 49.3 mg/g DCW in content was obtained at 144 h, which was the highest level of carotenoid production in E. coli ever reported in the literature.


Electron paramagnetic resonance of a forsterite Mg2SiO4 crystal doped with 57Fe revealed two strong Fe3+ centers which can be unambiguously assigned to the M2 and Si sites. All the fourth order terms of the spin Hamiltonian were determined for the two centers. It is shown that the local environment of Fe3+ at M2 is distorted without any apparent pseudoaxial symmetry, while the environment of Fe3+ at the Si position exhibits a strong axial distortion along the crystallographic a direction. There is no immediate local charge compensation for the Mg2+ and Si4+ substitution by Fe3+ in the crystal.


Original citation: J. Clin. Invest. 115:4(2005).

Citation for this erratum: J. Clin. Invest. 115:476 (2005).

The title of the book reviewed was incorrectly given. The correct book title is Plague: the mysterious past and terrifying future of the world's most dangerous disease.


The article presents the results of studies of the aboveground phytomass of domestic apple (Malus domestica Borkh) at 14-year and 113-year biological age, which were carried out on the basis of Krutovsky Botanical Garden in the suburban area of Krasnoyarsk. The features of phytomass distribution by fractional composition have been established for the first time for apple trees grown in Siberia in prostrate shrub form. From 10 to 13 leaves with an average area of 26 cm2 and an absolutely dry weight of 0.34 g are formed on the annual shoots of prostrate shrub apple trees. During the formation of fruit trees in the form of "Krasnoyarsk prostrate shrub", three or four main skeletal branches are left. The average model branch of a 14-year-old tree has a length of 3.4 m and a diameter of 7.6 cm at the point of attachment to the trunk; its weight is 1.4 kg in an absolutely dry state. The aboveground phytomass of a tree is 9.7 kg (on average) in an absolutely dry state. At the same time, leaves account for 12% of the aboveground phytomass, stem - 16.6%, branches - 71.4%. With regular pruning of the crown to maintain the prostrate shrub form of cultivation in Krutovsky Botanical Garden, by the age of 14, the phytomass of the crown decreases by 30-33%. The average model branch in a 113-year-old apple tree, when grown in prostrate shrub form, has a length of 6.4 m and a diameter at the base of 26.7 cm. Its weight in an absolutely dry state is 51.9 kg. The phytomass of the aboveground part of a 113-year-old apple tree averages 164 kg in an absolutely dry state, being distributed by fractions: 1.8% (leaves), 3.4% (stem) and 94.8% (branches), respectively


Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining Ismo20 retard tablets for patients with Refractoriness hypertension.Methods 76 patients with Refractoriness hypertension were randomly divided to therapeutic group and control group. The control gave ACEI,beta blocker and diuretic therapy;on this basis,the therapeutic group gave Ismo20 retard tablets.Observe the blood pressure changes and target hitting and adverse reactions.Results After Ismo20 retard tablets in treatment,the blood pressure hitting the standard in combine group Was 34 cases,t he standard ratio was 89.5%,in simple group was 22 cases,the standard ratio was 57.9%,compared with the two groups,the combine group was superior to the simple group(P0.01).Comparison of the blood pressures between two groups before and after administration have obvious improvement(P0.05);comparison of the blood pressures after treating four weeks,the combine group was superior to the simple group(P0.05).The two groups have light adverse reactions and well tolerated.Conclusion On routine hypotensive drug therapy foundation for refractoriness hypertension,add nitrate drug could obtain very cooperation underpressure to make blood pressure to standard lever.


Over the past few years, the concepts of sustainability, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and management control systems (MCSs) have continued to draw the attention of scholars and practitioners alike. While a great deal of research has been conducted to explore the separate areas of sustainability, CSR and MCSs, very few concerted research efforts have beenmade to systematically integrate these concepts (Gond et al., 2012; Lueg and Radlach, 2016).


The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the experience of nursing practice while also making health providers more publicly visible. Public discourses around the role of health providers through the pandemic, in particular nurses, have the potential to shape the nature of their professional role. This study makes use of critical discourse analysis (CDA) influenced by Foucault and social theory to explore discourse, power, and the role of the nurse. In particular, consideration is given to discourses present around the role of the nurse and how these have changed or been accentuated as a result of this global crisis. Findings suggest a discourse of sacrificial heroism which may influence the health, safety and psychological wellbeing of nursing professionals.


SUIMMARY The records of the behaviour of small-pox in London and the provinces last week are not of a very reassuring nature. In the metropolis the facts show that whereas during the first three months of the present year notified cases had reached a total of 541, with 38 deaths, yielding a per case mortality of 7.02 per cent., the notifications of the succeeding four weeks have brought the total of cases to 1,000, that is, some 460 cases, with 20 additional deaths, or 4.4 per cent. of cases, the aggregate of deaths for the seventeen weeks being 58, a per case mortality of 5.8 per cent. of the 1,000 notified attacks. This rate is regarded as a very favourable one, and as being, moreover, below the average of rates during the prevailing epidemic in the provinces. The number of cases in the hospitals of the Metropolitan Asylums Board on Saturday, April 29th, was 437-an increase of 69 on the previous week. In Lancashire the centres where small-pox fastened itself weeks ago continue to remain the most heavily hit in several instances, as, for example, Manchester, Oldham, Chadderton, Warrington; and in Yorkshire there is a wide distribution of the disease, the towns now more particularly and heavily involved being Bradford, Leeds, and Halifax. In the Midlands the Derbyshire villages of Dore and Totley are being numerously attacked, and Birmingham is passing through a severe recrudescent outburst.


The dianoflagellate, Isochrysis galbana, grown in different culture media was analysed to study the biochemical variations. The species was cultured in four different growth media, viz. Walne's, Miquel's, Chu's and f/2, keeping the physicochemical factors such as temperature (23.0 25.0 oC), light intensity (2000 lux), pH (8.0) and salinity (35.0 ppt) constant. Harvesting was done in exponential phase to carry out the biochemical analyses. The results of the study revealed that the nutritional status of I. galbana varies with different culture media. The best growth rate, cell density, protein (22.33±1.54%), carbohydrate (23.24±2.6%) and lipid (27.71±5.55%) contents were obtained in Chu's medium. The colour intensity and chlorophyll a content were observed highest in the microalgae grown in Miquel's medium. The amounts of protein, carbohydrate and lipid showed significant (P < 0.05) variations in different culture media. Therefore, from the study it is inferred that biochemical compositions of I. galbana varies with the media used for its culture.


Objective To explore the relationship between physical self-perception and coping style among students majored physical education(PE) and non-PE,and to provide evidence for college students' mental health intervention.Methods A total of 802 undergraduates were questionnaired by using physical self-perception profile and coping style questionnaire.Results There were main effects of major in physical self-perception.Major and gender interactions were found in physical self-worth.Main effects of gender were found in sports ability,physical status,body appealing and physical self-worth.Main effects of major were found in problem solving and help-seeking,with major and gender interactions in problem solving and gender difference in help-seeking.Physical self-perception was significantly correlated to coping styles.Conclusion Sport experience influences positively not only physical self-perception and coping style but also the relationship between them.


The authors tested whether a focus on dreams added something specific to the therapy process beyond the structure of a 3-stage approach. Fourteen distressed clients with troubling dreams and recent loss of a loved one participated in brief structured therapy focused on dreams or loss. After therapy, clients in both conditions reported being satisfied with therapy, having lowered impact of the loss, gaining new insights about themselves, and having made changes. In addition, clients in the dream condition rated the process of therapy higher, became involved in the therapeutic process more quickly, gained more understanding of their dreams, liked the structure of therapy more, and kept fewer secrets from their therapists than clients in the loss condition. In contrast, clients in the loss condition gained more insight about the effects of the past and their loss and liked therapist guidance more than clients in the dream condition.


Abstract : Measurements of cross-structure impact pressures and relative motions between the free surface and the structure at the point of impact on a 1/22 scale SWATH T-AGOS model were analyzed to determine whether these parameters could lead to procedures for estimating the pressures from ship motion calculations. Although, the impact pressure, in general, increased with the square of the relative velocity the data showed considerable scatter when plotted in this format. Including the effects of the angle of the free surface at the point of impact in the analysis did not improve the correlation. If it is assumed that the rms pressure is proportional to the mean squared relative velocity and that the probability distribution is exponential, then slamming characteristic of the SWATH ship can be estimated from ship motion computations. The former assumption requires further experimental verification.


The present invention provides a wire-type material for the green and setting method, each of the wire rope type material greening vertical fixing method, vines cling slow fall off. Lattice-shaped wire rope fittings or intersection requires a special fixing member intersections, field work efficiency is poor, the price is high. Although the mechanism for preventing the rope Zhang Li flip or introducing vibrations, but introducing Zhang Li determination flag provided in the upper end portion of the wire, the position of the upper end portion of the wall surface in a green so difficult to discern. When the presence of individual differences in human wire draw, there is detached from the upper portion of the angle, the angle itself may be peeled off from the surface of the green is too strong. Wire-type material of the present invention is composed of a green pair of wires in parallel and laid between the stay wire. The surface of the green material in the green sheets of the metal wire into its proximal end portion is provided via introducing Zhang Li mechanism connected and fixed to the surface of the green, and the other end is directly connected and fixed to the surface of the green.


White Food-Type Sorghum Performance in Direct-Expansion Extrusion Applications. (December 2003) David Acosta Sanchez, B.S., Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Lloyd W. Rooney Whole sorghum kernels were directly processed into whole grain snacks with acceptable texture. Extrudates made from whole sorghum had a harder gritty texture than those made from decorticated materials. Extrusion of whole sorghum provides significant savings in processing: there are no dry matter losses; no equipment or energy is required for decortication or milling; the extruder consumes less power and processes more material per time unit. In addition, the extruder utilized is a simple adiabiatic, friction extruder of relatively low cost. Grinding whole sorghum and removing fines did not improve product expansion during extrusion but altered the gritty pieces in the extrudates. The best products were obtained when whole sorghum (ground or un-ground) was extruded at 14% moisture. The whole sorghum extrudates had larger bubbles with thick cell walls, which made extrudates more crunchy. Decortication of sorghum improved extrusion performance and products by allowing adequate formation and retention of air cells. Decortication to remove 20% of the original sorghum weight was enough to produce extrudates with characteristics comparable to those made from commercial yellow corn meal.


Processes of research evaluation are coming under increasing scrutiny, with detractors arguing that they have adverse effects on research quality, and that they support a research culture of competition to the detriment of collaboration. Based on three personal perspectives, we consider how current systems of research evaluation lock early career researchers and their supervisors into practices that are deemed necessary to progress academic careers within the current evaluation frameworks. We reflect on the main areas in which changes would enable better research practices to evolve; many align with open science. In particular, we suggest a systemic approach to research evaluation, taking into account its connections to the mechanisms of financial support for the institutions of research and higher education in the broader landscape. We call for more dialogue in the academic world around these issues and believe that empowering early career researchers is key to improving research quality.


The bound-state Schwinger-Dyson and Bethe-Salpeter (SD–BS) approach is chirally well-behaved and provides a reliable treatment of the η–η complex although a ladder approximation is employed. Allowing for the effects of the SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking in the quark–antiquark annihilation, leads to the improved η–η mass matrix. I. η–η PHENOMENOLOGY AND GOLDSTONE STRUCTURE The physical isoscalar pseudoscalars η and η are usually given as |η〉 = cos θ |η8〉 − sin θ |η0〉 , |η〉 = sin θ |η8〉 + cos θ |η0〉 , (1) i.e., as the orthogonal mixture of the respective octet and singlet isospin zero states, η8 and η0. In the flavor SU(3) quark model, they are defined through quark–antiquark (qq̄) basis states |f f̄〉 (f = u, d, s) as |η8〉 = 1 √ 6 (|uū〉 + |dd̄〉 − 2|ss̄〉) , (2a) |η0〉 = 1 √ 3 (|uū〉 + |dd̄〉 + |ss̄〉) . (2b) The exact SU(3) flavor symmetry (mu = md = ms) is nevertheless badly broken. It is an excellent approximation to assume the exact isospin symmetry (mu = md), and a good approximation to take even the chiral symmetry limit for u and d-quark (where current quark masses mu = md = 0), but for a realistic description, the strange quark mass ms must be significantly heavier than mu and md. The same holds for the constituent quark masses, denoted by m̂ for both u and d quarks since we rely on the isosymmetric limit, and by m̂s for the s-quark. They are nonvanishing in the chiral limit (CL). In the strange sector, CL is useful only qualitatively, as a theoretical limit. (CL would reduce m̂s to m̂, on which CL has almost negligible influence.) Thus, with |uū〉 and |dd̄〉 being practically chiral states as opposed to a significantly heavier |ss̄〉, Eqs. (2) do not define the octet and singlet states of the exact SU(3) flavor


: The article discusses the improvement of methodological and electronic didactic support of training of future secondary medical staff, using innovative technologies in the process of medical education, intellectual potential and information technology development, the use of modern technologies in the teaching process. The high demand for qualified medical personnel with individual and special qualities in the international community requires the introduction of innovations


With the improvement of China's education level and the development of information networks, the application of multimedia network technology in speed skating teaching has also become more feasible. Speed skating teaching can improve the students' physical fitness and promote the development of students' physical and mental health. The application of multimedia network technology in the process of speed skating teaching can better improve the application effect and continuously promote the progress of students. Based on these opinions, this paper analyzes the methods of applying multimedia network technology in speed skating teaching, hoping that it will be beneficial to reality.


This document is a snapshot of different Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) deployment scenarios. It discusses the placement of new network elements introduced by the protocol, representing the thinking of the LISP working group as of Summer 2013. LISP deployment scenarios may have evolved since then. This memo represents one stable point in that evolution of understanding. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for examination, experimental implementation, and evaluation. This document defines an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.


Given a sequence S of temporally ordered observations, non necessarily of spatial nature, the segmentation task partitions S in a set of disjoint sub-sequences si, .., sn - the segments - such that ∪i∈[1, n] si = S. Typically, segments represents sub-sequences that are somehow homogeneous with respect to some criteria. Depending on the context and the nature of observations, segments can be given an approximated representation, for example segments can be assigned a descriptive label or one of the data points is chosen as representative of the whole sub-sequence. The final result is a summarized representation of the sequence. This simple and intuitive mechanism has been extensively studied in literature, for example, for the summarization of time series. Interestingly, the notion of segment is also at the basis of the most recent trajectory data models. For example, segments are the informative units in the semantic trajectories, where they are called episodes. Episodes are spatial sub-trajectories that can be semantically annotated using application-dependent descriptions, e.g. place names [1]. Similarly the recent symbolic trajectory data model [2] describes the individual movement as a sequence of temporally annotated labeled states s1, ..sn, where each state si is associated with a time interval. Beyond data modeling, segmentation can be employed for the indexing of trajectories in moving object databases while another major role is to support data analysis, especially for the extraction of individual mobility patterns. The concept of trajectory segment is thus emerging as shared and perhaps unifying concept across data modeling, indexing and analysis.


where τ (m) is the number of divisors of m. l l It is known that -=< oc < -^ (cf. [2], p. 272). The best result known till now is due Q O 12 72 to G. A. Kolesnik [3], who proved that the error term in (1. 2) is 0(#log#). There is a conjecture that a = -j+ ε for every ε > 0. In the formula (1. 1) above, ζ (s) denotes the Riemann Zeta function, ζ' (s) its derivative, and γ is Euler's constant. It has also been shown by the authors (cf. [5], Theorem 3. 2) on the assumption of the Riemann hypothesis that the error term Ak(x) in (1. 1) is given by


Through the neo-construction of a Greek temple of health, whose frontispiece, stones and metopes we have occupied with products and attitudes of the Mediterranean Diet, we wanted to transmit what the ancient Greeks used for the knowledge sciences through the imagery, in the last centuries, before and after Christ, giving the greatest value or god panning timpano- to olive oil to go down the scale, first of  the food -frieze- to arrive with thick columns to the foundations of healthy life linked to exercise  physical, coexistence, etc. and introduce us to the door of the temple of integral health.


The absorption of mercuric ions by wool is strongly inhibited by sodium chloride. Complex metal ammines are readily sorbed from ammonia solutions and then desorbed from wool by acid. A technique suitable for removing low concentrations of copper from nickel solutions is described.


Sustainable management of forest ecosystem requires field assessment of the distribution of the abundance of the species. Bamboo plants normally occur in both primary and secondary forests and are considered fast growing, and high yielding renewable resources. They belong to the family of Gramineae and sub-family of Bambusoideae. Currently, there is lack of information on bamboo species composition in Pahang National Park, Malaysia. This information is useful for many relevant agencies involve in the management and conservation of non-timber forest products. The objectives of this study are to determine the composition, distribution pattern and diversity of bamboo in Kuala Keniam. Field sampling for data collection was conducted at three locations in the study area. The data collected in this study include the species, diameter at breast height (DBH), height, number of culms, size of clump and internodes length. A total of five species of bamboo occur in this area. These are Gigantochloa scortechinii (Buluh semantan), Schizostachyum brachycladum (Buluh lemang), S. latifolium (Buluh nipis), S. grande (Buluh semeliang) and Bambusa vulgaris (Buluh aur). From the field measurement, it was found that the means of DBH, height, number of culms, size of clump size and internodes length of bamboo are 5.3 cm, 10.9 m, 33 culms, 7.0 m, 49.2 cm, respectively. The Shannon-Weiner index of bamboo in this area was relatively low (1.07). Data obtained in this study could complement the conservation efforts not only for bamboo, but also for the overall species diversity in the area.


A group of sibling desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizi) were measured at hatching and at intervals afterwards for 3 years. Extraordinary mean increases in carapace length of 176% (156.3%226%), 43% (39%-48%o), and 11% (10%o-13%) were observed for the first 3 years of growth, respectively. Mean carapace lengths at the end of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years corresponded approximately with those of G. agassizi measured previously by other investigators after 11, 17, and 18 years of growth, posthatching. The weight and length relationship is described by a geometric type curve whose equation is: wt (grams) = 0.00049 X carapace length2795. All tortoises appear to be e & at or very near sexual maturity as judged by gular development, tail size, enlarged chin glands, and increasing aggressiveness. The phenomenal growth rate and early maturity is ascribed to (1) not entering dormancy during the first two winters, and (2) being provided with continuous high quality nutrition. IT iS generally accepted by herpetologists that many turtle species (especially terrestrial forms) have relatively slow growth rates, often requiring a number of years to reach sexual maturity. Recently, Patterson and Brattstrom (1972) published the most extensive longterm tortoise growth study. Their work furthered the observations begun by Miller (1932, 1955) on a group of captive Gopherus agassizi hatchlings, bringing the observed growth period up to 30 years. Other scattered, fragmentary observations on the growth of both captive and wild G. agassizi were summarized from the literature by Ernst and Barbour (1972). Additional accounts were compiled by Hardy (1972). The most recent growth study of free-living G. agassizi involved 22 individuals (estimated age range, 3.3-10.1 yr) during a 10-yr period in southern Nevada by Medica et al. (1975). Their tortoises exhibited a mean annual plastral growth rate of 9.1 mm (= 11.9 mm carapacial growth) which was postively correlated with winter rainfall. Additionally, their individual growth records indicated that almost no growth occurred before mid-April or after the first week in July, thus confining the growth season to only about 11 weeks. The observed carapace growth rate of captives (in the 50-200 mm carapace length range) reported by Patterson and Brattstrom (1972) is comparable to that of the freeliving tortoises studied by Medica et al. (1975), although the rate is slightly greater HERPETOLOGICA 32:139-145. June 1976. This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Tue, 02 Aug 2016 05:43:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


Rising temperatures or the complete thaw of permafrost in rock walls can affect their stability. Present as well as projected future atmospheric warming results in permafrost degradation and, as a consequence, makes knowledge of the spatial distribution and the temporal evolution of rock temperatures important. Rock‐face near‐surface temperatures have been measured over one year at 14 locations between 2500 and 4500 m a.s.l. in the Alps. Different slope aspects have been included in order to capture the maximum spatial differentiation of rock temperatures. These data were used to further develop and verify an energy‐balance model that simulates daily surface temperatures over complex topography. Based on a 21‐year (1982–2002) run of this model, spatial patterns of rock‐face temperatures in the Swiss Alps are presented and discussed. This model provides a basis for the re‐analysis of past rock‐fall events with respect to permafrost degradation as well as for the simulation of future trends of rock temperatures. Furthermore, the spatial patterns of rock‐wall temperatures provide a quantitative insight into the topography‐related mechanisms affecting permafrost distribution in Alpine areas without local influence from snow cover or an active layer with a complex thermal offset. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The development of current environmental problems raises the concerns of investors or hospital lenders about the potential financial problems resulting from current environmental problems. A sustainable health care system can achieve high-quality care and improve public health without wasting resources. The health service sector is continuously encouraged to apply the concept of "Green Hospital" which is one example of the continuity of health services. This research focuses on emission reduction management in health care facilities. This study examines several published papers containing the terms sustainable, green infrastructure, and energy management. Guidelines for Efficient and Sustainable Energy Management in Hospital Buildings is the selected article. The articles used were obtained from the Google Scholar database. Data analysis was carried out descriptively using tables. This study took data from three countries, namely Thailand, Taiwan, and Indonesia, based on our team's observations during a virtual hospital visit to the two countries (Thailand and Taiwan), which we then compared with most hospitals in Indonesia. Currently, there is no Green Hospital standard for each of these countries. The application of the green infrastructure concept can have a positive impact on cost efficiency and hospital sustainability. Energy Saving Opportunities (PHE) is one method that can be used to save energy use in hospitals. The way to do this is to control the use of infrastructure that consumes a lot of energy, such as the use of lights and Air Conditioners (AC), as well as other infrastructure that is not included in vital equipment.


An efficient approach for determination of incoming direction of electromagnetic (EM) signals radiated from multiple stochastic sources in far-field is presented in this paper. The approach is based on using a neural model realized by the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network. MLP neural model, successfully trained by using correlation matrix of signals sampled by receiving antenna array, can be used to accurately determine a direction of arrival (DOA) of radiated EM signals and afterward a location of each of multiple stochastic sources in azimuth plane. Presented model is suitable for real-time applications as it performs fast the DOA estimation. The model architecture, results of its training and testing as well as simulation results are described in details in the paper.


The utility model discloses a pneumatic-hydraulic punch punching-resistant safety device, which is arranged between an upper die and a lower die. The upper die is fixedly arranged on a main punching shaft; the lower die is fixedly arranged on the operation platform of the punch; the device is provided with a start detecting mechanism capable of detecting that the upper die is contacted with a workpiece arranged on the lower die, an insulation detecting circuit capable of detecting the insulativity of the workpiece, and a controller capable of controlling the punching of the air-hydraulic punch according to the start detecting mechanism and the insulation detecting circuit. A pneumatic cylinder on the punch is started by the controller and stops punching when the start detecting circuit detects that the upper die is contacted with the workpiece. An oil hydraulic cylinder on the punch is started to punch by the controller when the insulation detecting circuit detects that the workpiece is an electrical conductor. The pneumatic-hydraulic punch punching-resistant safety device can effectively prevent the error-punching of the punch, thereby preventing the hidden operation troubles and improving the operation efficiency.


Most online message threads inherently will be cluttered and learning to de-clutter or disentangle the threads create new avenues for analysing them. The need for disentangling the clutter is much higher in platforms, such as Telegram, wherein the discussion is taking place does not provide functions to retrieve reply relations of the messages. This introduces an interesting problem referred to as a structural learning problem. In this work we try to disentangle chats using post embeddings. Our main contribution is the vector embeddings for posts in a thread so that it captures both linguistic and positional features in relation to a context of where a given message is in. Using these embeddings for posts we compute a similarity based connectivity matrix which then converted into a graph. After pruning the resultant graph can be used to discover the reply relation for the posts in the thread. The process of discovering the reply-relation or disentangling chat is kept as an unsupervised mechanism. We present our experimental results on a data set obtained from Telegram with limited meta-data and evaluate our methods on a self collected dataset from Twitter where the reply structure is given. We show our methods have promising results by conducting ablation tests.


Traditionally, the analysis of contaminants in water samples is performed using sophisticated techniques, namely HPLC, GC, and MS, requiring qualified personnel and laboratory infrastructure. Such methods are not feasible for the detection of contaminants in the field. In contrast, paper-based portable devices have been demonstrated as versatile, sustainable, and cheap solutions for such purposes. Paper consists of a pressed sheet of entangled hydrophilic cellulose fibres with excellent porosity. Such features enable the capillarity motion of liquids and the immobilization of active substances on the surface.
 Pesticides are critical pollutants in regions where agricultural activity is intense and represent a serious health risk for rural workers and their communities. These chemicals have been applied in enormous quantities to increase crop production in many countries. Carbamates (CBs) and organophosphates (OPs) are employed as active ingredients in industrial formulations of insecticides. They are considered highly toxic due to their inhibition action in the cholinergic transmission found in the nervous system of living organisms.
 This work aims to present a low-cost and simple operational paper-based testing device for the fast detection of CBs and OPs in water samples based on Ellman's method of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. We have named the proposed device "dip-and-fold" due to its how-to-use procedure: first, the device's bottom edge is dipped in the water sample. The liquid moves up by capillarity towards the detection zone, in which the analytes find the AChE previously immobilized on the paper. The top edge of the paper is covered with a thin parafilm layer to avoid leaking.
 After a 10-minute incubation, the AChE is inhibited in the presence of CBs and/or OPs. Then, the device is folded to release both enzymatic substrate acetylthiocholine iodide (ACThI) and indicator 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) from a secondary paper to the detection zone for the colorimetric reaction. The detection zone area remains white in the presence of CBs and/or OPs (inhibited AChE); otherwise, it becomes yellow in the absence of these pesticides (active AChE).
 It is worthy to emphasize that the dip-and-fold has all required ingredients immobilized onto the paper substrates prior to tests, which excludes the necessity of extra reagents and materials. Besides, the sample can be transferred to the device by capillarity motion when dipping it directly into the contaminated water, eliminating any risk of having contact with the pesticides.

 Experiment

 The dip-and-fold device was fabricated using two analytical papers and a backing card as a foldable scaffold. Blotting paper (Whatman GB003) was used as the main device's component for the sample loading by capillarity as well as for the immobilization of 3 µL AChE (100 U/mL), using chitosan 1% (w/v, in acetic acid 2%), as a crosslinker. The secondary component was the filter paper (Whatman grade 4) in which the 3µL of the substrate ACThI (25mM) and 3 µL of DTNB (10mM) were impregnated on the surface. The detection tests were carried out using standard solutions of carbofuran, propoxur (both carbamates) and chlorpyriphos (an organophosphate) at concentrations between 0.1 and 0.0001 mM. Control samples of DI water were also tested. A minimum volume of methanol was required to dissolve the pesticides in water. Yellow-coloured results of the tests were evaluated by taking digital photos of the devices using a smartphone. The RGB channels of images were analyzed using ImageJ software.

 Results and Conclusion

 The result interpretation was performed by comparing the plotted curves of the blue channel (B) values obtained from the images of each tested device for the different analytes and their respective concentrations. The evaluation of the plotted curves confirmed that the yellow colour's intensity is inversely proportional to the concentration of the analytes in the sample, which means, the more intense the yellow, the lower the concentration of pesticides in the sample. The concentrations applied in this study meet the parameters proposed by the Ontario Drinking Water Quality Standards (ODWQS) and may be compared to other paper-based devices described in the literature.
 Both propoxur and carbofuran presented consistent results that were observed by a steady decrease of the B values related to their concentration. In contrast, the chlorpyrifos presented a non-linear curve, which can be attributed to the higher amount of methanol used as a co-solvent to dissolve it in water due to its extremely poor solubility.
 The dip-and-fold device presented an exclusive, eco-friendly, and economical testing platform for pesticide detection in water, which offers an attractive solution for water assessment in vulnerable areas exposed to these toxic chemicals.

 Figure 1


One master filling station 2# compressor exhaust volume is low,the cylinder has a different sound failure and we found that the first piston ring wear and found few iron filings in small.By analyzing factors that may make piston ring wear such as quality,installation,operation temperature,cylinder lubrication,gas impurity and equipment maintenance and so on,we found that main reason that result in piston ring wear too fast is measure 1 branch filter element damaged and filter effect reduced greatly so that there are great impurities like filings and dust before compressing gas and these impurities accelerate piston ring wear when come into cylinder.


Objective To explore the character and effect of super gamma-knife radiosurgery for treating general tumour.Methods Ninety-eight tumours in different system were treated by accuracy stereotactic localized,360°revolving,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.Single radiotherapy was used for tumour 2.5cm in diameter,while fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery was used for tumour 2.5mm in diameter.Results There were not side-effects in 98 cases.The tumour became small or disappear and only one grew larger during 2.5-6 months follow-up.Conclusion The super gamma-knife radiosurgery is a good way to treat general tumour.The specific radiosurgery and the advantage of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy can be convenient to avoid the damage in deeper place,and increase therapeutil efficacy.


Six groups of female albino rats (each of 125-150 gms) were taken for experimental work. 1/5 of LD50 dose (14 mg/kg body weight) of monocrotophos was administered by intragastric intubation to groups TI, TII and R for 15 days, 30 days, 30 days with recovery period of 15 days respectively. Other three groups were kept as corresponding controls for all the treated groups and were fed on normal diet. Blood samples were collected from all groups for estimation of levels of GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase. For histochemical studies, liver was collected from various groups at the end of the experiment and fixed in Bouin fluid and then processed for staining with haematoxylin-eosin. In rats of control group, the sections of liver revealed normal histoarchitcture showing hexagonal hepatic lobules with central and portal veins as well as sinusoids with polyhedral Kupffer cells.The treated groups TI & TII, showed vacuolation of hepatocytes, widening of portal tract and sinusoids and various necrotic changes in the histoarchitecture along with increased level of GOT, GPT, alkaline and acid phosphatases in blood serum. As these enzymes are known to be the marker enzymes of the liver, so their rise in blood serum is indicative of hepatic injury. In rats of R group, recovery was observed at both histochemical as well as biochemical level.


Purpose: The aim of present study is to explore the social and demographic determinants of total crime, property crime and violent crime in Punjab, the main province of Pakistan. Methodology- 25 districts of province Punjab are selected as sample for empirical estimation. The time span to be covered in the study is 2005- 2012. Findings- Empirical evidences estimated by applying fixed and random effects models reveals that deterrence variable positively and significantly impact different level of crime in Pakistan. Recommendations: Similarly, increase in population density is an important factor to stimulate criminal activities in Pakistan. However education provides mixed evidence in our analysis.


"X‐Ray Astronomy 2009," a gathering of high‐energy astrophysicists from around the world, rightly celebrates a rich and productive scientific discipline spanning some 50‐odd years. The participants include everyone from the pioneers of X‐ray astronomy to young scientists just starting out. The data described in this meeting come from hundreds of projects by citizens from dozens of countries. By any measure, X‐ray astronomy has been and continues to be an important field with strong impact on our understanding of the cosmos.


Abstract. The Palaearctic species of the genus Metaclisa Jacquelin du Val, 1861 are revised. M. andoi sp. nov. is described from Yunnan Province, China. Androsus cyanescens Pic, 1934 syn. nov. is proposed as a synonym of Metaclisa atrocyanea (Lewis, 1891). An identification key for the 8 Palaearctic species is compiled. The genus has a transpalaearctic distribution with a huge disjunction: six species occur in the eastern part, and only two species in the western Palaearctic Region. The species have an arboreal way of life and are considered as indicators for old-growth forests.


. Traditionally, the formulae in modal logic express properties of possible worlds. Prior introduced "egocentric" logics that capture properties of agents rather than of possible worlds. In such a setting, the article proposes the modality "know how to tell apart" and gives a complete logical system describing the interplay between this modality and the knowledge modality. An important contribution of this work is a new matrix-based technique for proving completeness theorems in an egocentric setting.


Environmental pollution is mainly caused by carbon emissions, so carbon emission reduction is our top priority now. Carbon-containing greenhouse gas emissions mainly come from the following aspects: (1) fossil fuel combustion; (2) leakage and volatilization in the process of fuel extraction, processing, transportation, and industrial utilization; (3) traditional biomass fuel combustion. The greenhouse effect will cause an increase in temperature, the rise of sea level, and the reduction of biodiversity. Due to little or no carbon emissions, new energy is a current research direction. It mainly includes wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, nuclear energy, and biological energy. Among them, wind power technology is quite mature, and the cost of wind power has become competitive in the market. Solar energy is an inexhaustible, nonpolluting, renewable, and clean energy source, which is gradually entering the stage of large-scale development. Hydropower is clean energy, renewable, pollution-free, and low operating costs. Nuclear energy is characterized by high efficiency and low carbon, coming from the fission energy released by the fission reaction of the fissionable material (nuclear fuel) in the nuclear reactor. Biomass resources can be divided into four categories: forest resources, crop straws, poultry manure, and household garbage, and its biggest feature is its renewability. Besides, carbon capture and carbon storage are other ways to reduce carbon emissions. Carbon capture uses chemical adsorption, physical adsorption, adsorption separation, and membrane separation to capture carbon dioxide. Carbon storage injects supercritical CO2 into a closed geological structure containing oil, gas, water, or non-commercial coal seams through pipeline technology to form long-term or permanent CO2 storage


AIMS
In patients with ischaemic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and viable myocardium, revascularization improves systolic function. Diastolic dysfunction is also present in such patients; however, whether revascularization improves diastolic function also is largely unknown.

METHODS
Twenty-six patients with chronic ischaemic cardiomyopathy [ejection fraction (EF) 32 +/- 6%, wall motion score index (WMSI) 2.45 +/- 0.33] and viable myocardium (low-dose dobutamine echocardiography) were examined at baseline and > or =4 months after revascularization. Diastolic function was assessed by transmitral pulsed-wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) at the mitral annulus.

RESULTS
At baseline, 62% of patients showed non-restrictive filling (non-RF) pattern, and 38% restrictive filling (RF) pattern. After revascularization, along with improvement in systolic function (EF 43 +/- 10%, WMSI 1.78 +/- 0.47, P = 0.0002 for both), diastolic filling improved in most patients, with only three patients still exhibiting RF pattern (P = 0.016); furthermore, E' velocity increased (32 +/- 42%, P = 0.0028) and E/E' decreased (-19 +/- 31%, P = 0.0378) compared with baseline. Left ventricular filling pressure also decreased, from 17.5 +/- 6.8 to 13.1 +/- 6.5 mmHg (P = 0.005). Improvement of diastolic function by TDI was related to the extent of viability at baseline (P = 0.0098) and to LV reverse remodelling after revascularization (P = 0.0092).

CONCLUSION
In patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy, LV diastolic filling may largely improve after revascularization. Improvement of diastolic dysfunction is related to the amount of viable tissue and it may represent an additional advantage of revascularizing dyssinergic but viable myocardium.


Despite the importance of the transnational dimensions of TISs in developing countries, the number of case studies on the subject remains limited. The process of developing PV solar systems in Iran as a developing country has gone through different phases since 1991. The evolution of this process has been influenced by macro financial and political factors. This study aims to present a historical analysis of the formation and application of PV solar TIS in Iran to identify the innovation motors driving each stage of the process. Based on various changes in application models, PV technological innovation in Iran has been categorized into four phases: 1. Initiating (1991 to 2005), 2. Rising (2006–2012), 3. Fostering (2012–2017), and 4. Falling (2017 onwards). The historical analysis revealed that transnational factors have been overlooked in Iran, and the country has been deprived of its advantages to develop a suitable TIS. Furthermore, through literature review, expert interviews, and thematic analysis, several strategies were established to promote transnational, including transfer and emulation of foreign technologies, international cooperative research programs, investment in joint operations, cooperative agreements, access to foreign markets, access to international investment, and submission to international laws and regimes.


One impetus for reform of the health care system in the United States is that in the U.S. more is spent on medical care than in other countries, with no noticeable difference in results. It is commonly thought that this is a result of a defect in the organization of medicine in the U.S. which can be repaired by "reform." However, medicine is a labor intensive good and labor is more expensive in the U.S. We show that in a simple general equilibrium model these conditions will invariably lead to a higher price and a higher percentage of GDP spent on the labor intensive good. While reforms may improve the functioning of the health care sector, they are unlikely to have a major effect on spending levels (unless they artificially reduce usage of medical care).


Present work aims to analyze the significance of thermal contact area between fins and tubes in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger type selected for the detailed study is a liquid-gas fin and tube heat exchanger. Four different cases based on a variable degree of thermal contact between fins and tubes are investigated. Case-I with 100% thermal contact area between the fin and tube is set as a reference to casesII, III, and IV with a thermal contact area of approximately 80%, 60%, and 40% respectively. Threedimensional (3D) modelling is done for the heat exchanger and is investigated for transient state heat transfer. In order to develop a simplified model with desired physical phenomena, only gas-side flow over the fin is simulated in the present study and the temperature inside the tube is kept to be constant as if phase change operation is taking place inside the tube. Thus only the temperature variations in the fin domain are studied as well as the heat flux for different cases. The results obtained from the detailed analysis are useful to examine the impact of the degree of thermal contact and to compare the performance of heat exchanger design in different cases. Comparative analysis indicates a significant influence of the degree of the thermal contact area between fin and tube on the overall performance. Case-I is found to have higher heat flux in comparison with the casesI,II,III and IV which is due to the fact that there is minimal thermal resistance in the direction of flow and as a result of this the temperature drop from the tube to the fin is also the least among all the cases. The temperature and heat flux values thus obtained are compared side by side to have a deeper understanding of the difference among all the four cases. Keywords-ANSYS 15.0, Fin and tube Heat Exchanger, Heat Flux, Thermal contact area.


By an enclosure experiment we tested whether natal dispersing root voles Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) were prevented from colonising already occupied habitat patches or if they were attracted to habitat patches by potential mates. The treatment consisted of manipulating the presence of animals in immigration patches, either with the presence of a solitary sexually mature male or female, whereas empty patches were used as a control. Immigration patches were separated from a patch used for release of a matriline (mother with her newly weaned litter) by a semipermeable fence allowing only interpatch movements of young animals. We predicted that either a social fence would prevent immigration to treatment patches, or that potential mates would attract dispersing individuals. In particular we expected fewer dispersing males to colonise male occupied patches, and fewer dispersing females to colonise female occupied patches due to intrasexual competition, ie an intrasexual social fence. We found that a higher proportion of females settled in male treatment patches than in female patches, whereas male dispersal was unaffected by treatment. Thus, the observed female immigration pattern appeared to be an attraction to patches occupied by the opposite sex. We found no sign that immigration was prevented by a social fence.


Using time of flight magnetic resonance angiography, we explored how local variations in cerebral arterial morphology are related to cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cortical thickness (CT). We observed a significant, negative relationship between the proximity of a region of interest to an artery and CBF and CT such that regions proximal to large arteries have higher CBF and CT. These results highlight the importance of considering underlying cerebral vasculature when studying the human brain using MRI as it can lead to significant biases in commonly employed metrics.


This paper describes a system which was recently developed and implemented at The Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton (RMOC) for the maintenance and rehabilitation planning of regional roads with a geographic information system. The GIS will be used to generate various scenarios of rehabilitation and capital works for presentation to RMOC's Budget Review Committee. The paper discusses the methodology used in executing the pilot project with special emphasis on the integration of various sets of spatial information sich as SMRSS 1:50,000 and RMOC 1:25,000 digital data as well as attribute information dealing with road inventories and conditions, economic analyses, official plans, and public transit.


The variations of microhardness in aluminum oxide crystals were examined; (1) the effects of loading conditions in a single crystal of ruby and (2) characteristics of crystal grains in a polycrystal of corundum with 0.8mol per cent MgO. The ruby was produced by the Verneuil method and the corundum was prepared by a molten method in argon atmosphere at 2100°C.A thin section was used for the measurement of microhardness in the corundum, since subgrain boundaries and precipitates in grains could not be observed under a microscope attached in a microhardness tester, but detected under a polarized microscope.The results are summerized as follows:(1) The diagonal of indentation figures d (μ) for the (0001) surface of ruby varied according to a formula, P=1.82d1.85, depending on the load applied P(g).(2) A temperature higher than 250°C was preferable for the measurement of microhardness in the ruby, since cracks or fractures around the indentation marks disappeared at such temperature.(3) The microhardness numbers (300g) on (0001) and (1010) surface of the ruby at room temperature were 2065±95kg/mm2 and 2230±140kg/mm2, respectively. As the temperature increased, from room temperature to 1000°C these numbers decreased almost lineary.(4) The microhardness of grain boundaries in the corundum tended to become lower than that of grain centers.(5) On the plane nearly parallel to c-axis in the corundum, the microhardness of subgrain boundaries tended to become lower than that of subgrain centers. On the plane nearly perpendicular to c-axis, the microhardness of subgrain boundaries tended to become slightly higher than that of subgrain centers.The effects of loading conditions on the variation of microhardness were almost neglegible as far as cracks or fractures were not formed. It will be deduced from the above observations that subgrain boundaries and precipitates in the grains caused a marked variation of microhardness in the corundum.


Taking into account effects of the surface and depolarization field, we investigated the "misfit strain-temperature" phase diagrams of ferroelectric thin film by using the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau theory. The simulation results show that the surface effect can shift the phase diagram to lower temperature. More importantly, effect of the depolarization field obviously shrinks the c-phase, and dominates the paraelectric and aa-phase in the phase diagram.


The aim of this study is to explore the response of the Korean
poetry to the special situation under the Japanese rule in Korea and the aspects of...