We study the real-time dynamics of a small bubble of "false vacuum" in a 1+1-dimensional quantum spin chain. Such a bubble can also be thought of as a well-separated, but confined, kink-antikink pair. We construct initial bubbles as infinite Matrix Product States via a quasiparticle wavepacket ansatz and approximately simulate their (unitary) time evolution, analyzing the outcomes of the resulting kink-antikink collisions. In the transverse-field Ising chain with a longitudinal field, we do not observe particle production, despite the nonintegrability of the model, supporting recent observations of nonthermalizing mesonic states with the same model. After adding extra terms to the Hamiltonian, however, we are able to observe production of both confined and unconfined particle pairs. We find the methods used are adequate for simulating low-energy events, in which few particles are produced. However, our observation of entanglement growth with energy and with the number of collisions suggests that accurate simulations at higher energies will ultimately exhaust our methods. Quantum devices, in contrast, are not limited by entanglement production, and promise to allow us to go far beyond classical methods. We consider simulations of false-vacuum dynamics to be exciting applications for both analog and digital quantum simulation.


Food and tourism are the largest industries in New Zealand. While the interfaces between food and tourism have been extensively studied during recent decades, media representations of food tourism still remain as an unexplored issue. This paper studies the coverage that New Zealand daily print media carries out with regard to food tourism. The method design is based on a discourse analysis, and it encompasses the six newspapers with major circulation across New Zealand. The study period runs from 2000 to 2016. Results reveal that media coverage of food tourism in New Zealand newspapers is focused on three topics: food culture, regional development and international practices.


In this workshop, we will explore the design of teaming experiences, and the tensions that arise as we try to address different student outcomes. We often approach teaming in course design with a very simple philosophy: if students are put on teams, they will learn teamwork skills and get the educational benefits of teaming. But the benefits of teamwork in an educational setting are multi-faceted. For example, team projects can be used to facilitate collaborative learning to develop a set of outcomes for all students. Alternately, team projects may be more performance-oriented to develop students' ability to work professionally on teams. In the former case, students may have the opportunity to develop new skills and strengths, and in the latter students must play to their strengths to meet performance goals. We will consider how to design teaming experiences in thoughtful ways that respond to students' needs, interests, and constraints, as well as a particular set of outcomes. Participants will employ design thinking tools (student personas, interaction narratives) in order to explore what a team, and the individual students on the team, might experience within a given teaming framework. We'll identify the team pitfalls, and share a broader set of insights about student engineering teams. Finally, we'll discuss specific approaches to scaffolding the development of teaming skills that responds specifically to the needs of your students and your institution.


The aim of this research is to investigate the photodegradation of Methylene Blue with Fe3O4/ZnO core-shells. Fe3O4/ZnO core-shells were synthesized by a simple two-step chemical method (co-precipi...


Objective:To analyze the characteristic of hemodynamic changes in different anastomosis sites during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCABG),and investigate the appropriate management for maintaining hemodynamic stability.Methods:Sixty patients were selected in the study from undergoing selective OPCABG in hospital.Hemodynamic measurements were recorded from the following five aspects :15 min after induce(T1),anastomosis of the left anterior descending artery (LAD T2),the left circumflex coronary (LCX T3),the right coronary artery(RCA T4) and the last one before closing thoracic(T5).Results:Hemodynamics changed when LAD were anastomosed with lower degree decrease of cardiac index (CI),lower degree increase of mPAP and PVR(P0.05 all).Hemodynamics changed when RCA were anastomosed with significantly decrease of CI,significantly increase of HR,CVP,mPAP,PVR,lower degree increase of SVR (P0.05 all).Hemodynamics changed when LCX were anastomosed with observably decrease of CI,right ventricular ejection fraction(RVEF) and MAP,significantly increase of HR,CVP,mPAP,PVR,PCWP,SVR (P0.05 all).Hemodynamics tended to be stable and CI improved at the end of operation.Conclusion:There are no or little hemodynamic changes during the LAD be anastomosed in OPCABG,while hemodynamic changed significantly during LCX,RCA be anastomosed.Hemodynamics become stable and CI improves after operation


The title of this talk is really a misnomer. I do not wish to enter the debate concerning three lines which Jenkins has called " probably the most famous crux in Shakespeare" . I assume the correctness of the hypothesis which sees in Q2 eale a corruption or contraction of evil; and I will refrain from interpreting of a doubt beyond Jenkins' reading. I am more interested in the word dram and the value it may have in establishing a mythological reading of Hamlet.


Drought as one of the most common natural disaster in the world,had caused serious influence on agricultural production in China.To accurately predict the drought affecting agricultural production,this paper reviews various kinds of drought indices which are widely used at home and abroad in recent years,including meteorological index,soil moisture index,crop physiological and ecological index,and other comprehensive monitoring index.Moreover,this paper also analyzes the advantage and disadvantage of different drought indices and their adaptabilities in agriculture,and discusses the important tasks of drought index research centering on crop drought in the future,in order to mitigate and prevent the negative impact of drought on agricultural and provide reference for the manage countermeasures.


Indonesian goverment released Presidential decree number 8 year 2012 on
Indonesian Qualification Framework (IQF). The IQF will have impacts on several
areas in educational system, including curriculum in higher education, standard of
competences of workers, and wages system in Indonesia. The curriculum of higher
education must adopt this IQF as a framework, in which the undergraduate students
must achieve level 6 of the IQF, level 7 for professions like teachers, level 8 and 9
for graduate and postgraduate. The level 6 of the IQF consists of five generic
competence, one of them is about character and the other four are related to the field
of study. The IQF's generic competences must be describe more detail as learning
outcomes (LO) to guide universities to redevelop their curriculum. The problem is,
the decription of the IQF level 6 not available yet. This research aims to develop LO
derived from the IQF level 6 for biology education, chemistry education, and physic
education. The respondent consists of 87 science teachers, 54 lecturers, and 180
undergraduate students from five higher education institutions in Indonesia. The
results of the research is the accepted LO.


Reaction of the racemic metallophosphine Cp'CpTa(CO)(PMe2) (1; Cp' = 1-tBu-3,4-Me2-C5H2) with the tungsten fragment [W(CO)5] affords the corresponding μ-bimetallic phosphido complex 2, which in a photochemical transformation gives the dibridged derivative Cp'CpTa(μ-CO)(μ-PMe2)W(CO)4 (3). Addition of an optically active phosphine (PAMP) to 3 leads to a pair of optically active diastereoisomers (4a and 4b) which can be separated by fractionnal crystallization. Both diastereoisomers 4a and 4b crystallize in the orthorhombic noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. X-ray structure determinations of 4a and 4b allowed the assignment of absolute configurations of the tantalum chiral centers (S for 4a and R for 4b). The absolute configuration of the phosphorus atom of the PAMP ligand is the same (S) in both structures.


I begin by giving a description of the RF generator–cavity–beam coupled system in terms of basic quantities. Taking beam loading and cavity detuning into account, expressions for the cavity impedance as seen by the generator and as seen by the beam are derived. Subsequently methods of beam-loading compensation by cavity detuning, RF feedback and feedforward are described. Finally, a dedicated phase loop for damping synchrotron oscillations is discussed.


We have identified small-molecule dibenzazepine inhibitors of beta-secretase (BACE1). These BACE1 inhibitors possess two key salient features. The first is a seven-membered heterocyclic ring fused to two aromatic rings representing the P3-P2 residues. The second is an amide and/or amide bioisostere representing the P1' residue. Rational optimization led to the identification of potent analogues, such as 10 (K(I) = 211 nM).


The aim of this study is to explain the internal control of gold investment and analyze the effectiveness of internal control of gold investment at PT. Central Capital Futures Malang. Methods used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with the aim to explore the issues so as to produce a well-organized overview of the problems and complete. The result of this study is internal control at PT. Central Capital Futures Malang is quite effective, but there are still some weaknesses that should be improved. The description of the job description of a BDM (Business Development Manager) has not been explained in writing. In the standard operational procedure, the withdrawal procedure has not been described in writing. The receipt has not printed by serial number. The discharge of receipts, signatures, and stamps, and divisions that keep the receipts have not been described in the customer acceptance procedure.


Many applications, such as pipeline processing in large-scale grid computing and network storage, transfer large amounts of data over wide area networks. In the future, these applications should be able to reserve less bandwidth than they currently need to meet job schedules. As a step towards this improvement, we have developed a data transfer method that uses less reservation bandwidth on DiffServ AF networks. Our method consists of a dynamic QoS control method and a data transfer protocol that uses two kinds of TCP connection with dynamic window control. We simulated the transfer of data using our method on a network simulator and found that it performed better than current methods. By enabling throughput close to the reservation bandwidth, our method will reduce the cost to network providers of meeting service-level agreements with customers.


A non-experimental, descriptive and quantitative survey was conducted to explore orthopaedic patients' perceptions about the pre-operative information received when undergoing elective surgery in two hospitals in the KwaZulu-Natal Province. The findings indicate that most patients perceived the pre-operative information to be useful in their preparation for surgery. Aspects that were not addressed during preoperative information sessions included post-operative nutrition, pain medication, ambulation, deep breathing and coughing exercises. The recommendations include that all these aspects should be addressed in future pre-operative education sessions. Further research should be conducted for enhancing the pre-operative information provided to patients scheduled to undergo elective orthopaedic surgery.


We compute by Finite Element the current induced in an heterogeneous model of the human body by both the electric and magnetic field generated by a 63 kV three-phase power line. Results are partially validated by comparison with existing data. It is found that induced currents due to both E and B are developed inside the body in an asymmetrical way.


292 Background: FLCN is a tumor suppressor gene associated with cutaneous hair follicle development. FLCN germline mutations are linked to inherited chrRCC in the Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome. We queried whether clinically sporadic chrRCC featured FLCN mutations by comparing the genomic profiles of chrRCC with ccRCC. Methods: 108 chrRCC and 2110 ccRCC underwent hybrid-capture based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) to evaluate all classes of genomic alterations (GA). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on up to 1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined on 114 loci. PD-L1 expression was determined by IHC (Dako 22C3). Results: Patients (pts) with chrRCC were more frequently female and younger than pts with ccRCC p <.0001). None of the submitted clinical records in the chrRCC cases listed signs of BHD syndrome. FLCN GA were identified in only 2.3% of the ccRCC cases with 37% of the GA predicted to be germline. chrRCC did not reveal somatic or germline FLCN GA. GA/tumor were slightly higher in ccRCC vs chrRCC (3.6 vs 2.4; NS). GA more frequent in chrRCC included TP53, RB1 and PTEN. GA more frequent in the ccRCC included VHL, BAP1, PBRM1, SETD2, CDKN2A/B, ARID1A, NF2, PIK3CA and TERT. Putative biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) response were infrequent in both groups with only a slightly higher, but still low, mean TMB in ccRCC vs chrRCC cases. IHC revealed moderate PD-L1 expression at low and minimal PD-L1 expression at high staining level, which was slightly increased in the chrRCC group. Conclusions: FLCN mutations that are associated with the familial incidence of chrRCC were not associated with sporadic chrRCC. Sporadic chrRCC has substantially different genomic profile from ccRCC and may harbor a few 'targetable' GA. The prediction of response to ICPI in RCC remains challenging with chrRCC featuring slightly higher PD-L1 expression and ccRCC featuring higher PBRM1 GA and higher TMB.[Table: see text]


Women and the Family in Chinese History is a collection of some of Ebrey's most important papers. Compiled as part of Mark Selden's 'Critical Asian Scholarship' series, the book admirably achieves the aims of the series: 'to showcase the most important individual contributions to scholarship in Asian Studies'. Eight of the nine chapters were previously available in published form. Together they present as a coherent volume that challenges the practice of presenting simplistic and homogenising visions of women's place in 'traditional' China. Ebrey's work on the pre-modern period readily exposes this common scholarly and political 'convenience' as erroneous. The chapters in Women and the Family in Chinese History reveal the diversity of family life in premodern China, covering key topics such as concubines, imperial women, burial practices, marriage finance and class. The volume not only creates a detailed vision of the diversity of life in pre-modern China but also presents a useful mirror to Western Sinology in its final chapter in which five centuries of Western interest in footbinding are analysed. This current volume certainly achieved the series' aim of reproducing significant and lasting contributions to Asian Studies. As the chapters in this book attest, Ebrey's work stands at the pinnacle of scholarship in Chinese history.


This paper proposes a novel ring resonator based optical filter that has an outstanding multi narrow band response due to adopting quasi structures such as Thue-Morse sequence as the radius-pattern. This capability introduces this design approach as an effective method for the design of filters for emerging dense wavelength division multiplexing networks. The design process incorporates analysing through the transfer matrix method and the powerful discrete-time signal processing techniques. Giving an adequate overview of analysing basic optical building blocks in the Z-domain, the procedure develops to analysing any optical structure imposed by mathematical sequences. The proposal is discussed employing pole-zero diagrams, discrete-time signal processing approach including apodization techniques. The point of the discrete-time signal processing approach is that the effect of dominant optical parameters over operation is clarified through the pole-zero position. Features like number of poles, bandwidth, and position of stop-bands can be controlled using ring diameter ratio. Finally, apodization of coupling coefficients attains a filter with an FWHM of 0.3 nm.


Galaxies experiencing intense star-formation episodes are expected to be rich in energetic cosmic rays (CRs). These CRs undergo hadronic interactions with the interstellar gases of their host to drive γ-ray emission, which has already been detected from several nearby starbursts. Unresolved γ-ray emission from more distant star-forming galaxies (SFGs) is expected to contribute to the extra-galactic γ-ray background (EGB). However, despite the wealth of highquality all-sky data from the Fermi-LAT γ-ray space telescope collected over more than a decade of operation, the exact contribution of such SFGs to the EGB remains unsettled. We investigate the high-energy γ-ray emission from SFGs up to redshift z = 3 above a GeV, and assess the contribution they can make to the EGB. We show the γ-ray emission spectrum from a SFG population can be determined from just a small number of key parameters, from which we model a range of possible EGB realisations. We demonstrate that populations of SFGs leave anisotropic signatures in the EGB, and that these can be accessed using the spatial power spectrum. Moreover, we show that such signatures will be accessible with ongoing operation of current γ-ray instruments, and detection prospects will be greatly improved by the next generation of γ-ray observatories, in particular the Cherenkov Telescope Array.


This study examines pronominal usage by college students, with particular refere. o use of the generic 'he'. Subjects completed essays describing a high status individual, which were coded for sexist and incorrect usage of pronouns. A brief instructional unit on problems connected with such usage was presented to the students, with encouragement for linguistic change. Subjects were then re-tested by use of the same essay on status; these essays were analyzed for evidence of change. Males and females used di:fering pronominal forms and responded differently to suggested linguistic changes. The differences are discussed in connection with ascribed status, and educators are encouraged to act as linguistic change agents.


Nowadays, one of the most important areas in refining the energy sector in the developed countries is the transition to environmentally friendly technologies, and hydrogen energy production is the most promising of them. In this rapidly advancing area, significant progress in creating new technologies for hydrogen fuel generation, transportation, storage, and consumption has been recently observed, while a fast-growing number of research papers and implemented commercial projects related to hydrogen makes it necessary to give their general review. In particular, the combination of the latest achievements in this area is of particular interest with a view to analyzing the possibility of creating hydrogen fuel supply chains. This paper presents an analytical review of existing methods of hydrogen production, storage, and transportation, including their key economic and energy-related characteristics, and proposes an approach to the creation, analysis, and optimization of hydrogen supply chains. A mathematical model has been developed to determine the cost of hydrogen, taking into account the supply chain, including production, transport and storage. Based on the results of modeling in the given scenario conditions for 2030, 2040 and 2050, promising hydrogen supply chains have been established. Under the various scenario conditions, hydrogen production by 2050 is most preferable by the method of steam conversion of methane with a cost of 8.85 USD/kg H2. However, due to the environmental effect, electrolysis also remains a promising technology with a cost of hydrogen produced of 17.84 USD/kg.


We have studied the effectiveness of He-Ne laser (8.5mW) in treatment of rheuma-toid arthritis of totally 77 cases. Placebo irradiation was applied to 32 patients, and He-Ne laser to 45 cases. The length of irradiation was 15 minutes per each treatment. During the experiment period, the assessment to tenderness, pain on motion, circumference, range of motion, grip strength, duration of morning-stiffness, hydrops, and ESR was performed. Thermograph and other laboratory tests were also assessed. The general assessment by the doctors showed significant clinical diffe-rence (P<0.01) in the intergroup comparison. In the assessment of the patients' personal impression, significant improvement was recorded too (P<0.01).


 Y Coll Muñoz Hospital GAL. Ave. 5 de Septiembre y Calle 51-A, Cienfuegos CP 55100. Cienfuegos, Cuba. E-mail address: email@example.com ABSTRACT Introduction: The difficult gathering of information on the prevalence and development of acute myocardial infarction makes it impossible to measure the quality of treatment during the course of the disease in a given group of patients. Objective: To develop a computer system that allows the management of hospital information on acute myocardial infarction in the Department of Cardiology. Method: The variables required for making the registry were identified. They were divided into blocks related to prehospital care, acute coronary syndrome, coronary care units and discharge. A computer system that uses NetBeans as an integrated development environment, Apache as a web server and a MySQL database was created. The programming language used was PHP with Yii framework on the server side and JavaScript with ExtJs 4.1.1 framework on the user side. ER/Studio was used as database modeler. Results: A Hospital Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction (RHIMA by its acronym in Spanish) was devised for implementation at the Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital in Cienfuegos, Cuba. It was possible to obtain immediate statistical data that allowed an analysis of the healthcare of patients with this disease. Conclusions: A web computer system which is capable of managing the information on acute myocardial infarction was developed. Its design, which is in keeping with the National Health System in Cuba, takes into account the epidemiological and demographic characteristics of the Cuban population and provides quality indicators in therapeutics for the recording of information on acute myocardial infarction in accordance with the recommendations of the main Clinical Practice Guidelines.


Objective To observe the effect of Shenfu Injection(SI) and lappaconitine hydrobromide injection(LHI) on inducing HL-60 differentiation and apoptosis,and to supply the experimental evidence for warming-yang method in treating tumor.Methods Human acute myelocytic leukemia cell line of HL-60 was established.SI groups(at the final concentrations of 12.5,25,50 and 100 μL/mL respectively),LHI groups(at the final concentrations of 25,50 and 100 μL/mL respectively),sodium arsenite control groups(at the final concentrations of 0.25,2 and 15 μmol/mL respectively),and negative control group were set up.The parameters of cell proliferation,cell morphology,nitroblue-tetrazolium(NBT) reduction,cell cycle and apoptotic rate were observed.Results SI inhibited HL-60 proliferation,but LHI had no inhibition on HL-60 growth after co-culture.Apoptosis of HL-60 in different degrees was found in SI groups and LHI groups after co-culture for 60 hours.NBT reduction ability was increased in low-dose SI group and low-dose LHI group after treatment for 60 hours,but NBT reduction ability remained unchanged in high-dose LHI group and high-dose SI group.The sub-G1 peak was found in flow-cytometry test and the apoptosis rate was increased to different degrees.Conclusion SI and LHI have biphasic effect on inducing differentiation and apoptosis of HL-60.And this will supply the experimental evidence for warming-yang method in treating leukemia.


The soil physico-chemical properties, organic carbon and organic carbon stocks as influenced by different land use system of Alfisol was studied at Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra campus of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. The agriculture systems included - dry land, finger millet, pulse and long term fertilizer experiment plots; horticulture includes - grapes, mango, sapota and guava plantation and forest systems includes - Simaruba glauca, teak wood and mixed forest plantation. The soils belong to Vijayapura series. Twelve soil samples (0-15 and 15-30 cm) were drawn during July 2009, processed and analysed for the above parameters using standard procedures. The bulk density 1.46 (Mg m-3) was high in agriculture system. The horticulture land use system recorded higher pores space 47.81%, MWHC 36.73%, and organic carbon 10.6 g kg-1. The pH (5.99) and organic carbon stocks 21.19 Mg ha-1 was high in forest land use system. Based on these results the horticulture systems were more sustainable in organic carbon stock build-up than forest and agriculture systems.


Porous silicon (PS) films were investigated by Raman, and photoluminescence spectroscopies using different laser excitations at 488.0, 514.5, 632.8, and 782.0 nm. The exposure of PS layers to high laser powers causes an increase in the 480 cm−1 Raman intensity and a shift and enhancement of the PL emission. A laser-assisted surface reaction is proposed to explain these observations. The analysis of the first- and second-order Raman spectra showed that the band gaps of the PS films are indirect as in bulk c-Si. The Raman phonon and the PL spectra and also the spectral distribution of the linear polarization degree (LPD) of PS layers were shown to be dependent on the laser excitation energy. This dependence cannot be explained within the quantum confinement model. A mechanism for the PL emission in PS layers is presented in which the radioactive recombination of electron–hole pairs occurs in localized centres (the Si—O—SiR moieties) at the pore/crystallite interface. These quasi-molecular centres are Jahn–Teller active, i.e. the radioactive recombination is a phonon-assisted phenomenon. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In the nineties, I twice dealt with the graphical etymology of the archaic ideopictograph Zhen(朕), the "royal we" used in the Shang's(商) inscriptions on shells, bones and bronze. By then I only concentrated on its principal component "two hands holding a club-like power symbol". Its peripheral element "boat" was however left aside pending further analyses. I now feel that I am in the position to present a fuller account of the formational procedure of this ideopictograph, one of the many tiny Gordian knots in Chinese paleography.


This paper introduces the processing of raw data from sensor nodes located at different places within the vicinity of header node. The middleware service of header node evaluates the assignment and requirement of each node that comes under its vicinity. Based on header node instructions each sensor node is in one of two modes: Active mode or Sleep mode. We have developed a software program to compute the essence of each node based on the raw information provided by each sensor node. If raw data of current sensor node is static at certain time interval or if the raw data of current sensor node is equal to the raw data of other sensor node, then the current node will be treated as qualified node to go to sleep for the time period of maxSleepTime. The proposed algorithm is well suited for military application or monitoring unmanned area.


In his famous Synt attic Structures (1957), which is t aken by many as the starting point for modern formal linguistics , Chornsky argues against statistical models of natural language as follows: (1) Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. (2) Furiously sleep ideas green colorless. [,. .] It is fair to assume that neither sentence (1) nor (2) (nor indeed any part of these sentences) has even occurred in an English discourse. Hence, in any statistical model for grammaticalness, these sentences will be ruled out on identical grounds as equally 'remote' from English. Yet (1), though nonsensical, is grammatical, while (2) is not. A current student of machine learning can see immediately what is wrong with the argument: it ignores generalization. Whatever device is employed to learn the notion of " grammatical in English, " it should be able to generate hypotheses that distinguish reliably between true and false instances not encountered in training, and statistical models are not at a particular disadvantage in being able to generalize in the required way. Chomsky's argument was developed when the only models of language learning were the nth-order Markov models popularized by Shannon and Weaver and the whole-sentence reinforcement learning model of Skinner. Those models lacked any explicit notion of generalization to unseen events. In addition, Chomsky had presented convincing arguments for the mismatch between natural language and finite-state devices. Thus his conclusion above, while incorrect as given, was not surprising. Furthermore, one might argue that the reasons why we disagree with the argument are precisely the challenges that Chomsky was implicitly raising for learning research: what learning protocols and algorithms can acquire concepts that distinguish reliably between such pairs as (1) and (2). In fact, underlying Chomsky's ar-Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and Its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association of Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission. 12 gument and much of his later work is the claim that the ability of a learner to distinguish between grammatical and ungrammatical sentences depends crucially on strong innate constraints on possible natural languages, that is, on restrictions on the hypotheses classes from which candidate concepts of grammaticality …


Stavropol Kalmyk Host was formed in the 1730s from Kalmyk Christians that had settled in the Middle Volga around the fortress then referred to as Stavropol-on-Volga (present-day Tolyatti). The host was functioning as a Cossack one but its members were equalized in rights with those of the Don Host only in the early 19th century. Units of the host served to patrol borders and act as policemen, in extreme cases yielding a complete regiment for Russia's wars in Europe. However, Stavropol warriors initially received no military decorations for their deeds of valor since they were not viewed as common soldiers, services of Cossack officers being identified as zauryad, i.e., were actually discharging functions of officers but without any official military ranks and related social privileges (including titles of nobility). The situation changed during the Napoleonic Wars. Since 1807, the unranked started receiving a special military decoration, and zauryad officers were granted officership and opportunities to be bestowed (i.e., enlisted as members of) Russian Imperial orders. In the War of 1806–1807, Stavropol Kalmyk Host participated in final combats only, but spent the whole of the 1812–1814 campaign in military expeditions. In 1812, Stavropol Kalmyks got in line with M. Platov and F. Wintzingerode's 'flying' squads. In 1813, they would block a number of fortresses and later joined M. Miloradovich's corps (combined Russian-Prussian army) and A. de Langeron's group of corps (Silesian army). In 1814, they witnessed the end of the war sieging the Fortress of Mainz. Unfortunately, the inefficient bureaucratic procedures resulted in that quite a number of military decorations were delivered either in bad time – or failed to reach the addressees at all.


In Bangladesh, there is an integrated program of family planning and maternal child health, MCH/FP. In order for family planning to succeed in Bangladesh, infant survival must be guaranteed. When training for the program is completed, all localities of the country will be covered with MCH/FP workers. The duties of female Family Welfare Assistants, male Family Planning Assistants, and paramedic Family Welfare Visitors are described. Part-time workers and traditional birth attendants, trained by the paramedics, will also be used in the program.


to analyze the indicators of the function of the sinus node in patients of young age with paroxysmal tachycardia. Methods: study included 11 patients with suspected paroxysmal tachycardia, with an average age of 17±28. The basis for holding transesophageal electrophysiological study (TE EPS) was the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of paroxysmal tachycardia. According to the results of Holter monitoring ECG (HM ECG) analyzed the minimum and maximum heart rate, number of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias, presence of pauses, rhythm and episodes of paroxysmal tachycardia. According to CHP, EFI estimated the initial heart rate (HR), recovery time of sinus node function (RTSNF), corrected recovery time of sinus node function (CRTSNF), point of Wenkebach (p. W), duration of the effective refractory period of the atrioventricular connections, presence of aberrant complexes and episodes of paroxysmal tachycardias before and after administration of atropine at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg. Results: Complaints characteristic of the tachyarrhythmia was diagnosed in 9 patients, episodes of heart rate more than 150 beats per minute in 7 patients. When conducting TE EPS obtained the following results: episodes of supraventricular tachycardia provoked in 8 patients (in two cases of paroxysmal tachycardia managed to provoke only after administration of atropine). Three of them have shimmer and atrial flutter episodes reciprocal tachycardia in five. Three patients provoke paroxysmal tachycardia failed, but they showed a shortening of the PQ interval and the appearance of aberrant QRS complexes when stimulated. In patients with paroxysmal SVT signs of sinus node dysfunction was detected in 6 patients, in the form of episodes of sinus arrhythmia (4 patients), migration pacemaker the atria (4 patients), sinoatrial blockade of II degree (3 patients), blockade of legs of bunch of gisa (2 patients), atrioventricular block degree II-III (1 patient), RTSNF more than 1500 MS in 1 patient, CRTSNF greater than 500 msec in 3 patients. Conclusion: in 6 of 9 patients with supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia revealed signs of sinus node dysfunction, probably has a vagotonic in nature. How to cite this article: Kotlyarov A.A., Kokorev A.V., Balykova L.A., Pyataev N.A., Moiseeva I.Y., and Kotlyarova Y.A., (2018), "Electrophysiological Parameters of Sinus Node Function in Patients with Paroxysmal Tachyarrhythmias" in The 2nd International Symposium on Physics, Engineering and Technologies for Biomedicine, KnE Energy & Physics, pages 155–161. DOI 10.18502/ken.v3i2.1807 Page 155 Corresponding Author: Andrey Kotlyarov email@example.com Received: 17 January 2018 Accepted: 25 March 2018 Published: 17 April 2018 Publishing services provided by Knowledge E Kotlyarov A.A. et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. Selection and Peer-review under the responsibility of the PhysBioSymp17 Conference


Methods "to access WASH practices" should be rephrased to "to assess WASH prac tices" Answer Corrected as recommended Comment Background The importance of WASH for Buruli ulcer is not clearly indicat ed in this part of the study. There should be critical appraisal of the link between WASH and BU. 3. It is also to review the important literature on the link between BU and WASH. It would ha ve been important to do a systematic search of the literature to indicate the link between BU and W ASH. Answer We thank for this comment similar to that of the first reviewe r. The background section was corrected and completed accordingly.


Introduction: The present study has introduced a simple and rapid tissue culture system aimed at in vitro regeneration of Artemisia diffusa and in vitro artemisinin production in its genetically transformed culture.Materials and Methods: An in vitro regeneration of A. diffusa was developed using different combinations of plant growth regulators including Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and Benzyl Adenine (BA). Also, an efficient genetically transformed root induction system for A. diffusa was developed through Agrobacterium rhizogenes- mediated transformation using four bacterial strains, A4, ATCC15834, MSU440, and MAFF-02-10266. The stem and leaf of one month old sterile plants of A. diffusa were used as explants. Molecular analysis of transformed root lines was confirmed by PCR using primers specific for the rolB gene.Results: The highest regeneration occurrence was obtained using MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L IAA (75%). Root induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IBA. The results showed a significant increase in transformation frequency when the strain MSU440 was used (80.7%). Approximately 0.05 % artemisinin was detected by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis in root cultures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of A. diffusa in vitro organogenesis and transformation.Conclusions: This study describes an efficient protocol for hairy roots culture of A. diffusa which can be used for scaling up the plant active phytochemicals or for genetic manipulations of the plant.


Abstract An efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines (Kröhnke pyridines) by the one-pot multicomponent condensation of aldehydes (1 equiv) with acetophenones (2 equiv) and ammonium acetate (1.2 equiv) in the presence of catalytic amounts of oxozirconium(IV) chloride (ZrOCl2) under solvent-free conditions is described. In this work, four products have been reported for the first time. Easy work-up, simple methodology, clean reaction and reusability of the catalyst are some advantages of this work.


The Kuh-Ke-Nah Network (K-Net) is an autonomous telecommunications system that currently comprises over 100 points of presence (PoPs) in Aboriginal communities and related organizations across Ontario, Quebec, and Manitoba, Canada. The majority of Aboriginal communities connected by K-Net are in remote high-cost serving areas. K-Net primarily serves Ontario's Nishnawbe Aski Nation, north of the 51st parallel, where 49 First Nations communities (Indian bands, with a total population base of 45000), occupy 210000 square miles of territory, or two-thirds of Ontario, at a population density of approximately 0.2 persons per square mile.


Knowing soil nutrient fertility status is a basis to formulate a suitable fertilization strategy.Top soil(0-30 cm)samples collected from 459 citrus orchards in Chongqing Sanxia Reservoir Area were tested and classified in present study.The results showed that the soil pH of 78.7% orchards was suitable for citrus growth,soil organic matter of 60.3% orchards were low,and the deficiency rate of available macro-nutrients N and P was 72.4% and 41.7%,respectively,while soil available K were high in some orchards.The deficiency rate of available B,Zn,Fe and Mn was 86.3%,37.9%,27.0% and 20.3%,respectively.The results also indicated that amounts of citrus soils which have excessive available Fe,Mn and Cu accounted for 52.5%,36.4% and 26.4% of total citrus orchards.Therefore,it was suggested that more B,Zn,lime or other alkaline fertilizer and less Cu fungicide should be used in the tested citrus orchards.


The modern satellite technology has been wildly used in ship position fix,search and rescue communication,ship to shore and ship-to-ship communication,ship monitoring and ship management,seafarer's leisure communication etc and the development of satellite technology will affect maritime education,how to follow the development of satellite technology will also discuss in this paper.


This chapter focuses on the zoological drawings created in Brazil by Dutch painter Albert Eckhout and the German naturalist-illustrator Georg Marcgraf, whose images make up the majority of this visual corpus. As will beome clear, Eckhout's oil studies and Marcgraf 's watercolours drawings belong to separate visual traditions and demonstrate diverging priorities in their encounter with and reproduction of Brazilian nature. The chapter presents a discussion regarding the use of the images by Marcgraf and Eckhout in Europe after 1644, when the Count returned from Brazil to the Dutch Republic. The Brazilian drawings became part of the Libri picturati collection of natural history illustrations in the Elector's library, which later became the Royal Library in Berlin. By writing his own descriptions underneath many of the images, Johan Maurits became a 'princely practitioner' of New World natural history as well as the ruler of all he surveyed. Keywords: Albert Eckhout; Brazil; Dutch Republic; Europe; Georg Marcgraf; Johan Maurits; Libri picturati ; Royal Library; zoological drawings


This paper presents an analytic method of determining propellant requirements for interplanetary midcourse velocity corrections. The analysis assumes that a single interplanetary midcourse maneuver vector may be defined a priori by a set of linear, Gaussian statistics and derives the exact probability density function for the midcourse magnitude in terms of Horn's confluent hypergeometric series in two variables. It is shown that the propellant requirements may be uniquely determined by the trace of the a priori covariance matrix and the ratio of the eigenvalues of this covariance matrix. Resulting data for differing eigenvalue ratios are exhibited to provide ease in using the computational algorithm suggested by the derivation. HE accurate determination of propellant requirements for midcourse velocity corrections is an important problem in the preliminary design of an interplanetary spacecraft. Since weight allocated for propellant usually represents a significant portion of the total spacecraft configuration weight, it must be allocated correctly to permit maximum weight available for science instrument and other subsystem designs. A correct representation of the probability density function for midcourse corrections is needed to permit consistent tradeoffs between the ability to make midcourse corrections and the reliability of the entire spacecraft con- figuration. Currently there are at least two general methods standardly employed for determining the propellant requirements for midcourse corrections. They may be conveniently divided into two categories—approximation techniques and Monte Carlo analyses. Each of these two methods is used in pre- liminary spacecraft design to determine the size of the mid- course velocity propellant, and each of them usually leads to conservative (too much propellant) allocations for midcourse maneuvers. Of the currently used methods, the most rapid approxi- mation technique is that given by Hoffman-Young.1 Based on empirical data, they compute the mean and standard deviation for the midcourse magnitude distribution to an accuracy of ±5% using the eigenvalues of the midcourse velocity covariance matrix. They then assume that the velocity magnitude distribution may be characterized by a Gamma distribution and from this assumption compute the


A higher content of boron is noted in plants and animals as well as in argillaceous marine sediments. Boron, just as many other microelements, is concentrated in argillaceous sediments. N. V. Tageyeva (6) presented the following figures on the boron content: in marine plants, 0.01-0.15%; in land plants, 0.001-0.15%; in marine animals, 0.0001-0.01% (in ash); and in argillaceous marine sediments, 0.001-0.015%. V. M. Gol'dshmidt and K. Peters (2) found 0.05 to 1% B 2 O 3 in the ash of marine plants, 0.01 to 0.5% in land and fresh-water plants, and 0.1 to 0.5% in argillaceous marine sediments. The data indicate a high content of boron in the ash of marine and land plants and in argillaceous marine sediments. These data confirm that the boron present in oil ash in an amount up to 0.39% B 2 O 3 in some Dagestan oils of biogenic origin was also formed from the organic matter that was the source of oil. The author took samples of oil from 17 wells of different fields for study of the content and distribution of boron in the ash of Dagestan oils. to the age are Tertiary and Mesozoic oils Maykop, Upper and Lower Cretaceous). Their characteristics are given in 1.


Hardware implementations of finite field arithmetic using normal basis are advantageous due to the fact that the squaring operation can be done at almost no cost. In this paper, a new word-parallel bit-serial finite field multiplier using normal basis is presented. The proposed architecture takes w clock cycles to compute the product bits, where the value for w, 1≤w≤ m, can be arbitrarily selected by the designer to set the trade-off between area and speed. It has been shown that the proposed architecture has significantly lower complexity and critical path delay in comparison to the previously proposed architectures.


Simple Summary This article is mainly about that molecular characterization and expression pattern of leptin in yellow cheek carp (Elopichthys bambusa) and its transcriptional changes in response to fasting and refeeding. In this study, the authors used PCR to clone the CDS of leptin in yellow cheek carp, and analyzed the sequence differences of the gene with other species, constructed the phylogenetic tree, used real-time PCR for analyzing the expression of leptin in different tissues, including the expression of leptin in the brain and liver after fasting–refeeding of yellow cheek carp. This paper found that the full-length cDNA sequence of Eblep was 1140 bp and the length of the open reading frame (ORF), which can encode a protein of 174 amino acids, was 525 bp. The Eblep mRNA transcript was detected in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the liver and lowest expression in the spleen. It was found that the change in the mRNA expression of EbLep may be an adaptive strategy for different energy levels by studying the expression of EbLep mRNA in the brain and liver under fasting and refeeding. Abstract Leptin, a secretory protein encoded by obese genes, plays an important role in regulating feeding and energy metabolism in fish. To study the structure and function of the Leptin gene in yellow cheek carp (Elopichthys bambusa), the full-length cDNA sequence of leptin was cloned, named EbLep. The full-length cDNA of Eblep was 1140 bp, and the length of the open reading frame (ORF), which can encode a protein of 174 amino acids, was 525 bp. The signal peptide was predicted to contain 33 amino acids. Sequence alignment showed that the amino acid sequence of Leptin was conserved in cyprinid fish. Despite large differences between primary structures, the tertiary structure of the EbLep protein was similar to that of the human protein and had four α-helices. The EbLep mRNA transcript was detected in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the liver and lowest expression in the spleen. In this study, short-term fasting significantly increased the mRNA expression of EbLep in the liver, which returned to a normal level after 6 days of refeeding and was significantly lower than the normal level after 28 days of refeeding. In the brain, the mRNA expression of EbLep significantly decreased during short-term fasting and significantly increased to a higher value than the control group after 1 h of refeeding. It then rapidly decreased to a lower value than the control group after 6 h of refeeding, returning to the normal level after 1 day of refeeding, and significantly decreasing to a lower value than the control group after 28 days of refeeding. To sum up, the change in the mRNA expression of EbLep in the brain and liver may be an adaptive strategy for different energy levels.


Objective:To discuss the mental factors of patients with alcoholics and chronic alcoholisms,affording evidence to the prevention and cure of alcoholics.Methods:With State of Drinking Alcohol,Questions of Psychology as a screen tool and CCMD-Ⅲ criteria,57 people were investigated,and compared with normal control group.Results: There were significant in the State of Drinking Alcohol among the two groups.The Questions of Psychology indicates that there were significant in the items : curiosity,depress,find stimulation,gam,imitate,reduce the peasons` pain,need of psychology.The damages were positively correlated with amount and frequency of drinking.Conclusions: Alcoholics and chronic alcoholism of Zhongshan are mainly caused by facing social requirement,individual psychological problems,drinking amount and drinking efficiency.So we can lighten the injury of this illness under combining individual cognition,activity and social culture together and protecting and curing them.


In this paper, the single and double/bypass diode photovoltaic (PV) systems are designed in MATLAB/SimulinkGUI environment based on mathematical modeling of above PV systems. A comparative study of transient analysis for singleand double/bypass PV systems has been done with a resistive load. The effect of realistic conditions i.e. variable wind speedand irradiation level on single and double/bypass diode PV system is investigated, which shows the satisfactory performancefor realistic model of PV system.


THE AUTHORS STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROPORTIONING AND CLASS OF CEMENT USED ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO FORCED STEAM CURING. EVEN IF THE INCREASE IN STRENGTH FOLLOWING STEAM CURING IS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT, THE SAVING IN CEMENT REMAINS INSUFFICIENT TO REACH STANDARD PROPORTIONING. IT IS SHOWN THAT THE USE OF HIGH CLASS CEMENT, WHICH GIVES CONCRETE WITH A STRENGTH FROM 300 TO 500 BARS WHEN FORCED STEAM CURING IS APPLIED, IS MORE JUDICIOUS THAN THE UTILIZATION OF LOWER-PERFORMANCE CEMENT, WHICH RESULTS IN CONCRETE HAVING A STRENGTH LOWER THAN 300 BARS.


The third yearly conference of the European Research and Training Network on the Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions was held in Leuven, 13-19 September 2002. As in previous conferences, each day started with an extended introductory lecture on a current topic relevant to the research of the Network. We would like to thank G Gibbons, R Myers, A Uranga and P van Nieuwenhuizen for their effort in providing extensive lecture notes, which are included in these proceedings. In this way their lectures, which were very much appreciated by the participants of the conference, will become available to a wider audience. The workshop also included a lecture by J Figueroa-O'Farrill on 'Penrose limits across the AdS/CFT correspondence' and a lecture by C Hull on 'de Sitter space in supergravity, string and M-theory'. The shorter contributions are based on talks which represented the research carried out within the Network. We also invited a number of outside speakers whose work was relevant to the topics covered by the conference. Their contributions are also included. Special mention goes to the contribution by C Bachas. We are very grateful to him for delivering a special seminar commemorating the scientific life of Sonia Stanciu, who was a member of the Network and who, sadly, had passed away a few months before the conference. This workshop took place in the context of the European Community Research and Training Networks activities, for which it was the mid-term review meeting. We thank Stephen Davis, project officer for physics in the European Community, for chairing this meeting and for his positive feedback. The financial support came from the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen. The practical work was done by Christine Detroije, and PhD students from the Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Vrije Universiteit, Brussel, and Université Libre, Bruxelles, to whom we are very grateful. Last, but not least, we would like to thank Andrew Wray from IOP for his editorial help.


The authors are grateful to the government of Korea and
Jindo Engineering and Construction for the financial support
of this work as a G7 project.


This paper approaches the translation of "龙" of a green tea advertisement from the perspective of the pragmatic translation and relevance theory. The dragon in English and 龙 in Chinese are both imaginary animals but have different connotations. To English-speaking people, dragon stands for evil and ferocity, while in China, 龙 is something of auspice and dignity. So in view of culture (context), dragon and Long 龙 stand for different images. Based on the persuasive function of advertisement, the overriding purpose of the advertisement translation should be to achieve the equivalent function, i.e. to produce the same function (or one as close as possible) on the readership of the translation as was obtained on the readership of the original. So "龙" translates into dragon is not adequate. It may be better to translate "龙" to Long.


The isolation and characterization of an isogenic series of twelve Hfr strains is described. From their points of origin it was concluded that the sex factor integrates at a limited number of sites on the bacterial chromosome. Although the nutritional requirements of these Hfr strains were similar to those of the parent F+ strain, it was observed that one group had a markedly slower growth rate. The relevance of these observations to theories on the nature of F+ fertility and on the formation of Hfr strains is discussed.


The ruthenium oxide has been formed by a sol gel process. The active electrode material was obtained by mixing aqueous solution of RuCl3· xH2O and NH4HCO3. The fine hydrous ruthenium oxide powder with satisfactory electrochemical characteristic was obtained by annealing the powder at 250℃ . The crystalline structure and the electrochemical properties of the powder have been studied as a function of the annealing temperature. At lower annealing temperatures, the powder is in an amorphous phase with a lower active surface area and poor electrochemical capacitance. When the ruthenium oxide was annealed at 250℃ , the active surface area of the material is improved and the capacitance is calculated to be 570F· g- 1. when the annealing temperature exceeded 300℃ , the typical crystalline phase was formed, and the specific capacitance dropped rapidly. The resistivity and the faradic impedance of the pellet made from RuO2 powder have also been studied. The lowest resistance was attained when the annealing temperature is 250℃ . A capacitor was made with electrodes comprised of ruthenium oxide and 1mol· L- 1 KOH electrolyte. It was also found that the addition of carbon nanotubes in ruthenium oxide can improve the power characteristics of electrode materials.


In this study, transcritical refrigeration cycle using carbon dioxide is interesting cycle, and the supercritical gas cooling process will be investigated by experiment and analysis. The gas cooling process near the critical point experiences a drastic change in thermodynamic and transport properties, thus the heat transfer characteristics will be very different from the two phase or single phase heat transfer characteristics. In this study supercritical cooling process will be investigated experimentally using cooling devices of concentric type test sections. In order to investigate the critical flow and the heat transfer phenomena, LDV will be used to obtain velocity field in gas cooler.


China's oil production, essentially stabilized at 2.1 million bbl per day, will climb again as offshore Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene discoveries in the Neocathaysian graben system are developed and produced. Exploration onshore has discovered several new fields in such geographically diverse areas as the Tarim basin (Miocene-Jurassic), the Qaidam basin (Cretaceous-Lower Pliocene), the Junggar basin (Permian-Cretaceous), and the Sichuan basin (Proterozoic-Jurassic). Indigenous, but commercial Proterozoic gas is produced in the Sichuan basin. Coal production, which reached a high of 700 million tons (635 million MT) in 1979, once again is increasing. Principal deposits are of Permian, Jurassic, and early Tertiary ages. China's coal-resource base is among the three greatest in the world, and China's principal source of energy continues to be coal (67% of China's energy mix). Shale oil is exploited on a modest scale. Most of the shale oil currently being mined is of early Tertiary age. China's wealth of non-hydrocarbon minerals is enormous. Huge Mesabi-type and sedimentary iron ores are widespread in the country. Other resources present in great abundance include bauxite, copper minerals, lead-zinc, antimony, chromium, cobalt, manganese, platinum metals, rare earths and rare metals, tin, tungsten, uranium, asbestos, barite, borates, fluorspar, jade, magnesite, pyrite, various kinds of salts, and talc. The country has the potential to produce large amounts of molybdenum, gold, nickel, diamonds, phosphates, and potash. Silver and titanium are in short supply. Although the country is by no means self-sufficient in all minerals, it is more richly endowed than all countries of the world outside of the USSR. End_of_Article - Last_Page 976------------


Forest restoration at the dry soils is one of the crucial problems for modern forestry. The goal of the research is to develop a logical model stand growth in dry sandy soil with the purpose to predict stand growth (up to mature age) based on the analysis of the model of plantations growth (plantations have specific initial density and soil moisture conditions). Methods. A comparative analysis of data,  obtained by the authors, was used in the research. The authors obtained data in the gradients of soil moistening and in the gradients of initial density of the cenosis of artificial origin. The following characteristics were analyzed: the reverse reaction to competitiveness by way of frequency and productivity change of the right and left types (according to А.V.Khokhrin) of pine and fir; heritable adaptation of these species either to dry or moist soils; differences in genotypic structure (population of different density); heritable "memory" of new generation to competitive conditions, which parent trees were growing in; stands growth depending on initial density strongly within the definite growth models. Results. The analysis showed that all these factors lead to the critical period occurrence in stands development. Later it will be almost impossible to change  development od stands. Thus, it is vital to control density of plantations and natural young stands well before trees have maximum density, closure stands, canopy closure and increment.  The earlier this work is done, the more productive the stand will be and   the longer the period of intensive growth will be.


SMP Muhammadiyah 9 Bojonegoro in the 2020/2021 academic year is implementing an online learning process to face the Covid-19 pandemic. At first, this school implemented an online learning process using WhatsApp group but, the students learning outcomes were not optimal, so the researcher initiative to implement Google Classroom as an online learning process. This research aims to improve student learning outcomes by using Google Classroom on the heredity of living things topically. The type of this research is classroom action research that is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, are planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were students of class IX-A SMP Muhammadiyah 9 Bojonegoro, in which a total of 32 students. The research instrument used to collect data was a learning outcome test. The result showed that 71,88% of students could achieve reach KKM in 1st cycle, then 2nd cycle percentage of students who could reach KKM had increased to 93,75%. Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that the application of Google Classroom can improve the learning outcome of class IX-A SMP Muhammadiyah 9 Bojonegoro 2020/2021 academic year students at heredity of living things topic.


For a class of high‐order stochastic nonlinear systems with uncontrollable linearization, this paper investigates the problem of adaptive global stability in probability. By using the tool of adaptive adding a power integrator, a feedback domination design approach is presented and a smooth controller is constructed. The closed‐loop stochastic system is proved to be globally stable in probability and the states can be regulated to the origin almost surely. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The present invention relates to crosslinked polyamides and their use is in paper and board industry for dry strength be improved. A di- or tri-primary amine, the polyamide from the reaction of di- or tri- or tetracarboxylic acid and is reacted with 2 or 3 functional crosslinking compound, give no reactive groups cationic or anionic products.


Objective: To investigate and analyze multimedia teaching application effect in maternity teaching. Methods: To select 70 cases in the Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital 2013 students as teaching objects, according to the random principle to divide the students into traditional teaching group and multimedia teaching group, each group has 35 cases, the two groups have not significantly different in gender and age, p 0.05, has comparability. Traditional teaching group receives traditional teaching. Multimedia group plus multimedia teaching in the traditional teaching basis. Compare the differences of two groups of students in improving learning interest, enhance ability,improve problem-solving skills, improve the condition observation ability and theory test average score after semester. Results: Multimedia teaching group' average score significantly higher than control group. Conclusion: Multimedia teaching has good effects and worth to promote.


Os(VI) and Os(VIII) were detd. spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance of their cationic complexes with isoniazid at 420 nm at pH 3.8-4.5. Beer's law was obeyed for Os(VI) 0.4-7.0 and Os(VIII) 0.1-6.5 ppm. The Sandell sensitivities are 0.026 and 0.013 I¼g/cm2 for Os(VI) and Os(VIII), resp. The effects of temp. (10-45°), time (10-15 min), and order of reagent addn. on the color development are discussed. Pt4+ and Ru3+ interfere. The abs. errors were â�¤0.05 ppm in the detn. of 0.8-5.0 ppm Os(VIII) in synthetic mixts. corresponding to sysertskite. [on SciFinder(R)]


Purpose
Sarcasm is a linguistic expression that usually carries the opposite meaning of what is being said by words, thus making it difficult for machines to discover the actual meaning. It is mainly distinguished by the inflection with which it is spoken, with an undercurrent of irony, and is largely dependent on context, which makes it a difficult task for computational analysis. Moreover, sarcasm expresses negative sentiments using positive words, allowing it to easily confuse sentiment analysis models. This paper aims to demonstrate the task of sarcasm detection using the approach of machine and deep learning.

Design/methodology/approach
For the purpose of sarcasm detection, machine and deep learning models were used on a data set consisting of 1.3 million social media comments, including both sarcastic and non-sarcastic comments. The data set was pre-processed using natural language processing methods, and additional features were extracted and analysed. Several machine learning models, including logistic regression, ridge regression, linear support vector and support vector machines, along with two deep learning models based on bidirectional long short-term memory and one bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT)-based model, were implemented, evaluated and compared.

Findings
The performance of machine and deep learning models was compared in the task of sarcasm detection, and possible ways of improvement were discussed. Deep learning models showed more promise, performance-wise, for this type of task. Specifically, a state-of-the-art model in natural language processing, namely, BERT-based model, outperformed other machine and deep learning models.

Originality/value
This study compared the performance of the various machine and deep learning models in the task of sarcasm detection using the data set of 1.3 million comments from social media.


Students of education encounter a range of pedagogies yet how future teachers' appropriate moral principles are little understood. We conducted an investigation into this process with 10 international students of education attending an intensive course on 'dialogic pedagogy' in a university in Finland. The data comprising student learning journals and essays were coded for the level of questioning, acceptance and irreverence. In the findings, reverential acceptance was more frequent than questioning and irreverence; however, our qualitative analysis also found a large number of micro-transitions between questioning, acceptance and irreverence suggesting a dynamic interplay. Recognising this vacillation as part of a moral journey may support better understanding of what it means to engage with a different pedagogy.


ON A FEW POINTS CONNECTED WITH *THE PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF PERICARDITIS. By E. J. SEZARMAN, M.D., Rotherham. Pericarditis is a very frequent and a very dangerous disease: it attacks those persons most exposed p changes in temperature and climate, and least likely, from position in life, to be able to take precautions to prevent, or use remedies to cure such a disease. It is conequently of the utmost importance to society that such an affection should, if possible, admit of eay detection; and that its nature and treatmt be plain


Writing is a skill to put ideas and ideas into writing. Writing skills are not easy to do in learning, because many students cannot put their ideas and ideas into writing. Exposition text is a text that needs to express ideas and ideas when writing it. Therefore, this research was conducted on the background of how the learning process and the results of students' exposition text writing skills improved. The purpose of this study was to determine students' exposition text writing skills using a mind mapping model. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study were 32 students of class VIII A at SMPN 2 Cihampelas. The results showed that 18 students got a high score, 8 students got a sufficient score, and 6 students got a low score. The results of the study concluded that using a mind mapping model in class VIII A students could improve students' skills in writing exposition text.


This paper describes the use of voltage source converter (VSC) based, multi-terminal (MT) HVDC transmission system technology for connecting large doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farms, over long distance. The operational principles of the proposed system are described and control strategies for coordinating various grid side converters are proposed, to ensure smooth system operation and power sharing between various AC networks. DC voltage control and DC droop characteristics are implemented for the grid side VSC which transmit wind farm generated power to AC grids. PSCAD/EMTDC simulations for a four-terminal DC system for connecting two wind farms to two different AC networks are presented to demonstrate robust performance during wind speed and power variations, and large disturbances caused by the trip of one of the wind farms.


Photosynthesis is a very important process for the current biosphere which can maintain such a subtle and stable circulatory ecosystem on earth through the transformation of energy and substance. Even though been widely studied in various aspects, the physiological activities, such as intrinsic structural vibration and self‐regulation process to stress of photosynthetic proteins, are still not in‐depth resolved in real‐time. Herein, utilizing silicon nanowire biosensors with ultrasensitive temporal and spatial resolution, real‐time responses of a single photosystem I‐light harvesting complex I (PSI‐LHCI) supercomplex of Pisum sativum to various conditions, including gradient variations in temperature, illumination, and electric field, are recorded. Under different temperatures, there is a bi‐state switch process associated with the intrinsic thermal vibration behavior. When the variations of illumination and the bias voltage are applied, two additional shoulder states, probably derived from the self‐conformational adjustment, are observed. Based on real‐time monitoring of the dynamic processes of the PSI‐LHCI supercomplex under various conditions, it is successively testified to promising nanotechnology for protein profiling and biological functional integration in photosynthesis studies.


We propose a data fusion method based on multi-fidelity Gaussian process regression (GPR) framework. This method combines available data of the quantity of interest (QoI) and its gradients with different fidelity levels, namely, it is a Gradient-enhanced Cokriging method (GE-Cokriging). It provides the approximations of both the QoI and its gradients simultaneously with uncertainty estimates. We compare this method with the conventional multi-fidelity Cokriging method that does not use gradients information, and the result suggests that GE-Cokriging has a better performance in predicting both QoI and its gradients. Moreover, GE-Cokriging even shows better generalization result in some cases where Cokriging performs poorly due to the singularity of the covariance matrix. We demonstrate the application of GE-Cokriging in several practical cases including reconstructing the trajectories and velocity of an underdamped oscillator with respect to time simultaneously, and investigating the sensitivity of power factor of a load bus with respect to varying power inputs of a generator bus in a large scale power system. We also show that though GE-Cokriging method requires a little bit higher computational cost than Cokriging method, the result of accuracy comparison shows that this cost is usually worth it.


The crime of offense in the office is governed by article 374 of the code of criminal code, is a criminal offence from the evasion in the basic form of article 372 of the criminal code.This crime is closely related to morals and belief in someone's honesty which leads to a lie about that belief that takes advantage of the position itself. This research aims to determine the legal regulation of the crime of embezzlement in office, and to know the law enforcement against the perpetrators of the crime of embezzlement in office in Decision Number 112/PID.B/2021/PN. This research uses normative research type.
Embezzlement In Office, Embezzlement, Crime


Dysbiotic processes in the vagina, in particular aerobic vaginitis, are closely related to the local immune status violations, interfere the cervical epithelium physiological metaplasia, and also create favorable conditions for sexually transmitted infections accession, in particular the human papillomavirus. This complex of disorders is one of the determining factors for both the prolonged complicated course of cervical ectopy and its recurrence. The objective: was to optimize the treatment tactics in patients with cervical ectopy complicated by aerobic vaginitis. Materials and methods. It was carried out a comprehensive examination and treatment of 70 women of reproductive age (18–49 years) with cervical ectopy complicated by the aerobic vaginitis presence. All patients were questioned with a study of the reproductive anamnesis, bacterioscopic, cytological examination, simple and advanced colposcopy, pH-metry of vaginal environment, vaginal microbiota investigation. Depending on the treatment regimen, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (main group, n=35) – included patients treated according to the proposed scheme: on the first stage patients were prescribed vaginal suppositories containing dexpanthenol and chlorhexidine bigluconate – 1 suppository intravaginally twice a day and a complex multi-strain probiotic – 1 capsule twice a day for 2 weeks. On the second stage the patients were prescribed pessaries containing Triticum vulgare according to the scheme – 1 pessary intravaginally at night for 10 days a month (with the start of the use immediately after the next menstruation end) for 3 months. Group 2 (comparison group, n=35) – women who received treatment according to the current recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Group 3 (control group, n=30) included conditionally healthy women who have applied for routine preventive gynecological examination. Results. Clinical evaluation of the treatment first stage effectiveness showed a reduction in the complaints in patients of both study groups in 100% of cases. Both after the first and after the second stage of the proposed treatment scheme effective vaginal mucous membranes decontamination was revealed, conditionally pathogenic bacteria were not found in diagnostically significant titers, the number of leukocytes and the vaginal secret pH were normalized, and the average score on the Donders G. et al. scale showed no signs of aerobic vaginitis in the patients of the main group. The cytological norm of Pap-smear was reached by 91.43±7.43% of main group and 71.43±7.64% of the comparison group women (p<0.05); and in case of evaluation using the Bethesda system (2001) – 97.14±2.82% of group 1 and 80.00±6.76% of group 2 patients (p<0.05). After the second stage of treatment the average size of cervical ectopy significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the patients of the main group compared to group 2 (by 32.68% compared to the average area before treatment). In 5 (14.29%) patients of the main group and 2 (5.71%) patients of the comparison group after the treatment cervical ectopy was not found during the control colposcopy. Сonclusion. In the part of women physiological cervical ectopy with the onset of sexual activity is complicated by the development of the vaginal dysbiotic processes and vaginitis, which create unfavorable conditions for the cervix epithelization and simultaneously increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections, in particular the human papillomavirus infection. Therapeutic measures aimed at normalizing the vaginal microbiota, recolonization of its lactoflora and the creation of favorable conditions for the physiological cervix epithelization are pathogenetically substantiated in this case. The proposed treatment scheme (complex application of vaginal antiseptic in combination with probiotic and on the next stage – of the reparative action drug) made it possible to reduce the complaints, eliminate the signs of aerobic vaginitis, normalize the vaginal microbiota state, reduce the cervical ectopy area, and in 14.29% cases – to achieve complete cervical epithelization. Key words: cervical ectopy, aerobic vaginitis, vaginal microbiota, vaginal suppositories, probiotic.


In the present paper, we generalize the results of the papers [2] and [4] and give a new proof of the explicit formula for the generating function of the numbers of trials before getting k consecutive successes. Mathematics Subject Classification: 12J10


We study the reaction $e^+e^-\to\bar DD$ near threshold in the $^3P_0$ non-relativistic quark model, including as intermediate states the $J/\psi$, $\psi(2S)$, $\psi(3770)$ and $\psi(4040)$ mesons. The work reveals that experimental data strongly favor one of the two $\psi(2S)-\psi(3770)$ mixing angles derived by fitting to the $e^-e^+$ partial decay widths of the $\psi(2S)$ and $\psi(3770)$ mesons. The meson $X(3940)$ as well as the resonance around 3.9 GeV observed by Belle and BaBar Collaborations in the reaction $e^+e^-\rightarrow \bar DD$ is unlikely to be a $c\bar c$ $I^G(J^{PC})=0^-(1^{--})$ state.


The 3 most important factors in Rwanda's rapid population growth since 1950 have been the end of migration to neighboring countries, the significant mortality decline, and an increase in fertility rates. Rwanda's rate of population growth has increased from 2.6% in 1952 to 3.6% in 1978 and 3.7% in 1983. Consequences of the rapid growth include increased density, shortages of agricultural land leading to clearing of marginal hillside fields, shrinking of plots so that increasing numbers of families are without adequate lands, difficulties in providing educational and health services to the population, and high rates of under-and unemployment. The National Office of Population (ONAPO) was created in 1981 to help solve population problems. It has reached 85% of the population with its message concerning the consequences of population growth, but only 11% of married women have accepted contraceptive methods. The June 1990 population policy calls for intensified IEC efforts and increased contraceptive usage, among other goals. Specific objectives are to reduce the growth rate to 2.0% in 2000, to reduce the total fertility rate from 8.5 in 1990 to 4.0 in 2000, and to increase contraceptive prevalence to 15% in 1991 and 48.4% in 2000. Each of the objectives of the population policy has specific actions to be carried out at the level of the commune. In the area of demographic policy, actions corresponding to the communal level are outlined in the areas of family planning policy, reduction of infant mortality, increasing awareness of family welfare, sociodemographic research, migration policy, and training for those carrying out the population program. Communal activities in these areas range from promoting the population policy and its objectives through information and education programs, to better collection of local statistics and encouraging use of local maternal-child health and vaccination services. The other 6 areas include in the overall population policy also have specified actions at the communal level, including actions for the policies of increasing production, of public health, of territorial administration, of training and education, of employment, and of improving the status of women. The population policy must be considered a national policy to be implemented at the communal level. It will be difficult to achieve because it will require a change in attitudes away from the pronatalist spirit of the past. It must overcome the obstacles of illiteracy, political and religious opposition, the high infant mortality rate, and the lack of family planning training. The obstacles must be overcome, because Rwanda's demographic situation is at the basis of almost all the problems that impoverish the population.


Submitted for the MAR16 Meeting of The American Physical Society DFT calculation of Landau levels in 2D crystals: from black phosphorus to dichalcogenides1 JOSE LADO, JOAQUIN FERNANDEZ ROSSIER, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory — We present a method to calculate the Landau levels and the corresponding edge states of two dimensional (2D) crystals using as a starting point their electronic structure as obtained from standard density functional theory (DFT). The DFT Hamiltonian is represented in the basis of maximally localized Wannier functions [1]. This defines a tight-binding Hamiltonian for the bulk that can be readily used to describe other structures, such as ribbons, provided that atomic scale details of the edges are ignored. The effect of the orbital magnetic field is described using the Peierls substitution. By implementing this approach in a ribbon geometry we recover known results for graphene, MoS2 [2] and black phosphorous [3]. We apply this method to predict the Landau level spectrum of MoSSe. Our procedure can readily be used in any other 2D crystal, and provides an alternative to effective mass descriptions. [1] A. A. Mostofi, J. R. Yates, Y.-S. Lee, I. Souza, D. Vanderbilt and N. Marzari Comput. Phys. Commun. 178, 685 (2008) [2] Habib Rostami and Reza Asgari, Phys. Rev. B 91, 075433 (2015) [3] J. M. Pereira, Jr. and M. I. Katsnelson, Phys. Rev. B 92, 075437 (2015) 1We acknowledge financial support from SPINOGRAPH Jose Lado International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Date submitted: 06 Nov 2015 Electronic form version 1.4


In the central heating system,the water temperature regulation, w hi ch is very important, is the key for guaranteeing that the indoor temperature is kept on the designed value under no matter the outdoor temperature is, and by m eans of comparative analysis, emphatically introduces the calculating procedures of the temperature regulating mode of changing the flow in phase, and points ou t that this kind of regulating mode is the one of saving the energy and providin g relative stable indoor temperature for users.


E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com June 1, 2011, Accepted August 2, 2011A series of 2,4,6-tripyridyl pyridines were synthesized, and evaluated for their antitumor cytotoxicity,topoisomerase I and II inhibitory activity. From the eighteen prepared compounds, compounds 10-12 haveshown better or similar cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines as compared to 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and doxorubicin. Especially, compound 10 exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity better thanpositive controls. Structure-activity relationship study indicated that 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine skeleton has animportant role in displaying significant cytotoxicity against several human cancer cell lines. Key Words : Terpyridine, 2,4,6-Tripyridyl pyridine, Topoisomerase inhibition, Cytotoxicity, SAR studyIntroductionIn the past several years, our research group has beenstudying terpyridine derivatives for their topoisomeraseinhibitory activity and cytotoxicity against several humancancer cell lines for the development of novel anticanceragents. As a result, it has been reported that various ter-pyridine derivatives, as bioisosteres of α-terthiophene (potentprotein kinase C inhibitor),


A recent paper examined the global structure of integer partitions sequences and, via combinatorial analysis using modular arithmetic, derived a closed form expression for a map from (N, M) to the set of all partitions of a positive integer N into exactly M positive integer summands. The output of the IPS map was a "matrix" having M columns and a number of rows equal to p[N, M], the number of partitions of N into M parts. The global structure of integer partition sequences (IPS) is that of a complex tree. In this paper, we examine the structure of the IPS tree and, by counting the number of directed paths through the tree, obtain a simple formula which gives, in closed form, the total number of partitions of N into exactly M parts. By summing over M, we obtain a transparent alternative to the Hardy-Ramanujan-Rademacher formula for p(N).


Background Low serum level of vitamin D has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases as well as the presence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in Egypt as well as worldwide. We aimed to assess vitamin D status in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and its correlation with hospital length of stay, in-hospital complication, in-hospital mortality, and 6-month mortality. Patients and methods In a prospective study, 53 patients with acute STEMI were included. The patients′ 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (ng/ml) were determined and the associations with clinical characteristics, laboratory data, in-hospital outcomes, and 6-month mortality were investigated. The study also included 20 healthy adult volunteers. Results Almost 70% of the patients in the STEMI group were vitamin D deficient (<30 ng/ml). Patients with a history of hypertension had significantly lower vitamin D levels (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between hospital length of stay and levels of vitamin D (P < 0.003). Also, hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in patients who had undergone a primary percutaneous intervention (P < 0.008). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with acute STEMI. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with a history of hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with longer length of hospital stay.


Temperature effect on the pathogenicity of selected Edwardsiella tarda V-1 strain to Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica was investigated. To evaluate the effects of both pathogen incubation temperature and fish cultivation temperature on pathogen pathogenicity a two-factor design was conducted. E. tarda was incubated at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 37±1°C, and the fish (mean weight: 100g) were reared at 15, 20, 25 and 28±1°C respectively. The fish reared at different temperatures were infected with the E. tarda incubated at different temperatures. The results of a 4-day LD50 test showed that temperature significantly affected the pathogenicity of E. tarda (p<0.01) and the interaction between the two factors was also significant (p<0.01). For fish reared at 20°C the pathogenicity of E. tarda was the highest at 30°C of pathogen incubation. When the fish rearing temperature was raised to 25 and 28°C, the pathogenicity of E. tarda incubated at all temperatures increased. Isolation testing demonstrated results similar to those of LD50. The selected isolate was virulent to eel, but pathogenicity varied with temperature.


As part of an ongoing development, this paper presents a brief description of a new Chemo-Mechanical (C-M) model for the expansions due to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in concrete. This model has been formulated at the meso-scale level (major aggregate fraction and cementitious matrix of cement paste or mortar). The chemical and the mechanical problems are solved by means of two different Finite Element (FE) codes coupled via a staggered implementation. Both codes use the same FE mesh, which can include zero-thickness interface elements in between continuum elements in order to simulate localized cracks. The chemical model consists of the three main diffusion/reaction field equations for the concentrations of aqueous Alkali, Calcium and Silicate ions in the pore solution, complemented by a number of chemical kinetics and chemical equilibrium equations. The volume fraction distribution of the solid constituents of the hardened cement paste, the aggregates and the reaction products (ASR gel) evolve with the progress of the reaction. Diffusion-reaction process can occur in both continuum and interface elements. The meso-mechanical model for concrete has the distinctive feature of considering lines in the FE mesh as potential crack lines, via the systematic use of zero-thickness interface elements, equipped with traction-separation constitutive models based on principles of non-linear fracture mechanics, while the matrix phase is considered elastic or linear viscoelastic. The proposed coupled model has been applied to some simple verification examples. The results show the good performance of the model and the individual physical consistency and reasonable interaction among the variety of ingredients (mechanical, chemical, etc.) involved.


Each Caribbean country has responded to AIDS and HIV infection differently according to its unique culture politics and economy. For example some parliaments such as Barbados debate over issues related to AIDS and HIV infection while others do not. The Caribbean has the highest density of AIDS cases in the world but they include all recorded cases to date regardless of how many have died. For example 50% of them had already died by the time this article was written. St. Vincent/Grenadines is ranked 18th in the world (15.04/100000) but the actual number of cases was only 17. Cuba comes in 88th with a cumulative prevalence of .413/100000 (43 cases). These statistics do not reveal the extent of HIV infection however. The needed studies to grasp the extent have not been conducted. On the other hand scientists particularly US scientists did conduct studies in the early 1980s labeling Haitians as a risk group and damaging their image. Since 1982 5 of Puerto Ricos major daily newspapers have presented all AIDS related articles as controversies either between the 2 main political parties or between representatives. Yet the newspapers did not include those with AIDS in the controversies. In Trinidad & Tobago condoms are promoted widely particularly at Carnival to reduce HIV transmission. Cuba has extensively tested its population for HIV a highly expensive undertaking and those who tested positive have been isolated in medically equipped buildings. When a country has a small number of infected people however blood testing is cost prohibitive leading some countries to send blood samples elsewhere in the Caribbean to be tested. A major mode of HIV transmission in the Caribbean is travelers.


Layered mixed dichalcogenides possess geometric isomerism when chalcogen atoms (for example, S and Se) occupy different positions in the lattice. Herein, we demonstrate the effect of geometric isom...


Growth‐induced nonrandom ordering of ions on crystallographically equivalent sites of cubic magnetic garnets may reduce the symmetry of both the anisotropy and magnetoelastic tensors. The crystal tensors can be evaluated as weighted sums over all sites of the local ionic tensors. Such sums reflect both the site symmetries and the site occupation preferences. Unlike the anisotropy (whose growth‐induced axial terms are of lower order in the spin components than the cubic terms) the growth‐induced magnetoelastic tensor is of the same rank as the cubic component; it may, however, lack the symmetry between strain and spin components imposed by the cubic point group. We determine the symmetry and estimate the magnitude of the non‐cubic magnetostriction associated with nonrandom rare earth site occupation, an effect that should be observable. We argue on plausible grounds that the non‐cubicity associated with iron ions should be much smaller.


The grilling process of beef suya in a dual powered barbecue machine (DPBM) was modeled, optimized, and compared with conventional barbecue setup (CBS). Three‐level factorial design of response surface methodology was used as a statistical indicator with grilling temperatures (100–140°C) and meat volumes (8–27 cm³) serving as independent variables. The moisture content of suya dropped from 73% to values ranging from 11.6% to 38.48% (wb) with the grilling duration going from 13.70 to 28 min. The overall acceptability ranged from 32.5% to 94.4%, while the shrinkage ranged from 24% to 89%. The results showed temperature, meat volume, and roasting method as significant (p < .05) in modeling suya grilling. Optimum grilling in the electrical and charcoal segments of dual‐powered barbecue machine occurred at a roasting temperature of 100 and 111.44°C, respectively; volume of 26.48 and 25.95 cm³, respectively, while the temperature of 100°C and volume of 27 cm³ were optimum for CBS. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Suya is beginning to gain grounds in the international market, as there was excess demand for kilichi (dried suya) over its supply in 2018. Currently, about 18% of suya produced in Nigeria is now exported, and this has contributed to economic growth. Despite the potential of suya in boosting the nation's gross domestic product, little or no attention has been paid to improving and standardizing its production. Several suya vendors still make use of the unhygienic and energy inefficient conventional barbecues that can hardly meet up to the required demand. In addressing some of these problems, a low‐cost novel design was developed; the study investigated the optimum grilling performance of the newly developed barbecue relative to the conventional setup. The study will help improve suya production in Nigeria and as well ensure the energy economy in suya processing.


Recent interest in electric vehicles with onboard solar generation presents a new opportunity for using solar electric vehicles (SEVs) for distributed generation when the traction battery is fully charged. This concept presents a new power electronic challenge: the onboard charger should have high efficiency in the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) direction for normal charging power levels (i.e., 6.6 kW) and also high efficiency in the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) direction for much lower solar power levels (i.e., < 800 W). However, typical onboard charger topologies have low efficiency at light loads. This article proposes a novel bidirectional LLC+C converter to address this challenge. It operates as a full-bridge LLC converter in the G2V direction and a half-bridge LLCC converter with a smaller transformer in the V2G direction. Simulation results show a maximum efficiency gain of 5.1% in the V2G direction compared to the standard full-bridge LLC converter. To experimentally validate the topology and operation, a 6.6-kW prototype with 450–700-V input is designed, built, and tested. The experimental results show that the proposed converter achieves high efficiency in the V2G direction at 700 W (95.7%).


Background: In order to manage the patient exposure dose in X-ray diagnosis, it is preferred to evaluate the entrance skin dose; although there are some evaluations about entrance skin dose, a small number of report has been published for direct measurement of patient. We think that a small-type optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter, named nanoDot, can achieve a direct measurement. For evaluations, the corrections of angular and energy dependences play an important role. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the angular and the energy dependences of nanoDot.


Burlington and Jefferson City cherts often dominate Ozarks lithic assemblages, and this record contains ample evidence for the heat treatment of both. In this paper, we use a technological investment model to understand why prehistoric knappers may have invested in heat treatment at the Big Eddy Site in southwest Missouri. Tech investment models offer one way to evaluate the cost-benefit relationships of various technologies and, consequently, the conditions under which a manufacturing strategy might be adopted. We conduct a heat treatment experiment to measure the untreated utilities of the two materials, the approximate time needed to heat each, and the resultant gains in utility a knapper acquires by spending the time to do so. In the Big Eddy case, the tech investment model suggests that the two toolstones were heat-treated differentially in response to differences in utility gains and availability on the landscape.


Experience shows that Medium Voltage network earth fault current calculations are in some cases not correlated with local measurements. The zero sequence impedance of electrical elements depends on several parameters that affect the active fault current calculation: some impedance components are not taken into account while others are poorly modelled. The zero sequence impedance of the cables can play a major role in ensuring the accuracy of the fault active current estimation, but this value cannot be provided by the manufacturers. In this paper, we consider different network impedance models based on the state of the art and apply them to a sample of three real MV networks in different N-1 configurations. We compare the results of each fault active current simulation to the collected local measurements in order to determine the most accurate models. Our analysis shows that the models including the Carson & Pollaczek equation for overhead lines and the Henning equation for underground cables associated with generic earth resistivity values provide the best estimates of the active fault currents on all the networks considered if the substation earth and the cable screens are also integrated into the models.


Historical monuments represent an archive and a past full of information and emotions transmitted from our ancestors, to preserve this sacred and perilous heritage with universal value, it was necessary to study it and approach it meticulously as a living body that expressing by diseases or pathologies which must be well treated.

From one monument to another, the pathologies found change and differ following several criteria and conditions, in our work we will focus on the bio-calcarinite rock often used in the construction of historical monuments in the Rabat Sala Kenitra’s region because of its availability and its mechanical performances and also by focusing on the criterion of monument’s location opposite the agents of degradation (climate, urbanization, know-how, materials, direction, uses, marine aerosol, etc.) we will identify the various degradations of bio-calcarinites of the Borj Adoumoue monument (Tower of tears) located on the seafront of the city of Sala in Morocco and the Historic monument of Challah in the city of Rabat which was named shared heritage in 2012 and which knows currently a major urbanization project named Rabat capital of lights, the historic monument of Chellah overlooks the Bouregreg river.

And we will therefore compare the impact of the location of the monument on the latter and on the pathologies that manifest themselves on the biocalcarinite of this region.