Image rotation is a common digital image processing technology which is widely applied to various fields.Most digital image display systems scan to refresh images from left to right and from top to bottom;then save them in the same order.The rotation function enables the LCD screen to display images which are rotated by 90°,180°,or 270°.In the software realization technology field there are a lot of researches and applications on image rotation technology.The article proposes a highly adaptive solution on a hardware universal technology platform.


The Netflix Prize (NP) competition gave much attention to collaborative filtering (CF) approaches. Matrix factorization (MF) based CF approaches assign low dimensional feature vectors to users and items. We link CF and content-based filtering (CBF) by finding a linear transformation that transforms user or item descriptions so that they are as close as possible to the feature vectors generated by MF for CF. We propose methods for explicit feedback that are able to handle 140,000 features when feature vectors are very sparse. With movie metadata collected for the NP movies we show that the prediction performance of the methods is comparable to that of CF, and can be used to predict user preferences on new movies. We also investigate the value of movie metadata compared to movie ratings in regards of predictive power. We compare our solely CBF approach with a simple baseline rating-based predictor. We show that even 10 ratings of a new movie are more valuable than its metadata for predicting user ratings.


The central developmental event in the human (h) a globin gene cluster is selective silencing of the z -globin gene as erythropoiesis shifts from primitive erythroblasts in the embryonic yolk sac to definitive erythroblasts in the fetal liver. Previous studies have demonstrated that full developmental silencing of the h z -globin gene in transgenic mice requires the proximal 2.1 kb of its 3 (cid:57) -flanking region. In the current report, we localize this silencing activity to a 108 bp segment located 1.2 kb 3 (cid:57) to the z -globin gene. Protein(s) in nuclear extracts from cell lines representing the fetal/adult erythroid stage bind specifically to an NF- k B motif located at this site. In contrast, this binding activity is lacking in the nuclear extract of an embryonic-stage erythroid line expressing z -globin. This complex is quantitatively recognized by antisera to the NF- k B p50 and to a lesser extent to p65 subunits. A two-base substitution that disrupts NF- k B site protein binding in vitro also results in the loss of the developmental silencing activity in vivo . The data suggest that NF- k B complex formation is a crucial component of h z -globin gene silencing. This finding expands the roles of this widely distributed transcriptional complex to include negative regulation in mammalian development.


The species diversity of Chinese fir plantation with different forest age was analyzed with the methods of Simpson index,Shannon-wiener index,Pielou evenness index and interspecific encounter probability etc. The results showed that the plant species and species diversity in Chinese fir plantation with different forest age was obviously different. The plant species in middle-age forest and mature forest was abundant and the species diversity in tree layer and shrub layer was higher. While the species diversity in grass layer of young forest was higher.


Objective: To study the effect of high-flux hemodialysis on the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and inflammatory factors in maintenance hemohemodialysis patients.Methods: Forty MHD patients were selected and divided into two groups,conventional hemodialysis group(HD group) and high flux hemodialysis group(HFHD group),the observation time was twelve weeks.The concentrations of sICAM-1,TNF-α,CRP,β 2 MG were measured at the beginning,pre-dialysis and post-dialysis of the end of experiment.The value of KT/ V at the beginning and the end of experiment was calculated.Results: In HFHD group,the concentrations of CRP,TNF-α,β 2 MG,sICAM-1 decreased at the end of experiment,it had significant difference at post-hemodialysis compared to pre-hemodialysis(P0.05).The concentrations of TNF-α,β 2 MG,sICAM-1 at pre-hemodialysis of the end of experiment had statistically difference compared to the beginning of the experiment(P0.05),and at the end of experiment,the concentrations of β 2 MG,sICAM-1 had significant difference compared to the HD group(P0.05).In HD group,the concentrations of CRP,TNF-α,β 2 MG,sICAM-1 all increased at the end of experiment.Conclusion: Compared to the conventional hemodialysis,high-flux hemodialysis can decrease the concentration of sICAM-1 and TNF-α.


parents from one enrichment activity to another: two sports, two musical instruments, Scouts, Odyssey of the Mind, after-school language programs, science discovery programs, theater workshops. Parents who have a different vision of what childhood might be are reluctant to pursue it, for fear that their children will be left too far behind. One parenting magazine recently published an article about a family that actually chose not to participate in any after-school activities, where this was considered sufficiently unusual to merit a feature article in a national magazine. The irony in all this is that Ritalin is prescribed for attention deficit disorder. Yet as we struggle to enhance our children faster than our neighbors manage to enhance theirs, we fm our lives with an even greater level of distractions. Diller speculates that if Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer walked out of Twain's pages and into a suburban American school today, they might well find themselves on Ritalin. He worries about our inability to tolerate and appreciate a range of temperaments and personality styles. I worry about this, too, but more about whether we are losing the ability to let children be children-or at least to let them be average children, not gifted, very gifted, or extremely gifted, savoring childhood as it slips by all too quickly. If we want our kids to pay attention, maybe we have to begin paying attention to what it is that's worth paying attention to. (1997) (this article cites Gerald Klerman on "pharmacological calvinism"). T he relationship between experts and the public seems to have changed in the past few decades, especially in the area of science. It is not easy, however, to generalize about the nature and direction of this change. On the one hand, as scientific knowledge becomes increasingly sophisticated and specialized, the public'S reliance on experts appears to grow, since most individuals are unable to assess scientific claims for themselves. On the other hand, there are many contexts in which the public seems less inclined than formerly to defer to expert judgments. This essay is concerned primarily with the role of expertise in public deliberation about health and bio-medical research issues-and, conversely, with the public's role in deliberations that at one time might have been restricted to experts alone. At the same time, I am interested in the character of various voluntary associations that mediate between experts and the public. A great many …


A explaining electrochromic window powered by wireless power transmission. In particular, a solid electrochromic window fewer defects reliable, illustrating the electrochromic window is capable of wireless transmission. Electrochromic window illustrating a wireless transmission network built. .FIELD 2E


This study explained the effects of self-efficacy and learning motivation on students' learning and the influencing mechanism. Specifically, self-efficacy can affect students' learning through their emotional state and their choice of learning tasks' difficulty. Learning motivation is also a crucial factor in learning, and different types of learning motivation play different roles in the learning process. The effects of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation are discussed in this paper. Correspondingly, several ways to foster learning motivation and self-efficacy are analysed and provided as well. It is expected that this article can help educators and researchers to further understand the roles of self-efficacy and learning motivation in students' learning, and also help them to adopt proper measures to improve students' academic performance.


Nucleic acid from cells and viruses sampled from a variety of environments may purified and expressed utilizing microfluidic techniques. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, individual or small groups of cells or viruses may be isolated in microfluidic chambers by dilution, sorting, and/or segmentation. The isolated cells or viruses may be lysed directly in the microfluidic chamber, and the resulting nucleic acid purified by exposure to affinity beads. Subsequent elution of the purified nucleic acid may be followed by ligation and cell transformation, all within the same microfluidic chip. In one specific application, cell isolation, lysis, and nucleic acid purification may be performed utilizing a highly parallelized microfluidic architecture to construct gDNA and cDNA libraries.


The Second World War is marked, in a general way, by an evolution in artillery, not so much in the technology of the cannon - in many cases this was merely improvement - as in the use of artillery. The technological changes come about as a result of the new mobility provided by motor-transport, by radio and by the observation plane. Artillery, during the campaigns in Italy and France in 1943-1945, gave the battle its rhythm.


During the solar eclipse, the perturbation of ionospheric D layer changes the characteristics of the Earth's Ionospheric Waveguide (EIWG) on which the very low frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) wave propagation depends. Therefore, the amplitude and phase of the VLF signal transmitted through the waveguide will be abnormal. In this article, based on the VLF transmitter signals observed in Suizhou (31.57°N, 113.32°E) during the total solar eclipse on December 26, 2019 and the days before and after, the variation characteristics of VLF transmitter signals along the north–south propagation path are analyzed in detail. Responses of the amplitude and phase of the signal during the solar eclipse are closely related to the solar obscuring rate. There is a positive correlation between the signal fluctuation and the solar obscuring rate, and the peak time of the two has a delay of ~5 min. By adopting the amplitude and phase of the observed signals and performing the Long Wavelength Propagation Capability (LWPC) propagation simulations, the electron density of the ionosphere over the propagation path is calculated. The results show that the electron density profile above the path during the solar eclipse changes significantly. The electron density decreases with a maximum drop of ~53.5% at the 70 km height, and the reflection height of the signal increases correspondingly. The obtained results are useful to better understand the propagation characteristics of VLF transmitter waves and the corresponding response features of the ionospheric D layer to solar radiation flux variations, especially during the solar eclipse.


Wayne Hankey observes, "Thomas writes the history of philosophy by drawing the Platonists and the Aristotelians into a single argument in which they complement and correct each other. The principle of this correction is the Christian faith, which philosophy ultimately serves."1 Even so, Hankey resists the attempt by Radical Orthodoxy authors to "remove the distance between philosophy and theology by absorbing philosophy within sacra doctrina, and nature within grace," as when Milbank and Pickstock try to "move Aquinas' Aristotelian abstractionism into intellectual intuition and Augustinian illumination."2 Instead, Hankey defends Thomas's abstractionism, for example, from their "form-propagation interpretation," a misunderstanding that has been refuted in detail by Houston Smit.3 Hankey thereby stays true to Thomas's own understanding of the relation between theology and philosophy and their relative autonomy.4 Because of this relative autonomy, for Thomas it would be wrong if we were to take philosophy as untrue to itself whenever it is in service to the Christian faith, as if reason is meant only to serve itself and its own absolutely autonomous constructions about what is real. Service to faith, by means of trying rigorously to understand the things of faith, is no betrayal of reason by reason. Conversely, a theological truth can stimulate reason to be more rational.


We consider three lifting questions: Given a $C\sp{*}$-algebra $I$, if there is a unital $C\sp{*}$-algebra $A$ contains $I$ as an ideal, is every unitary from $A/I$ lifted to a unitary in $A$? is every unitary from $A/I$ lifted to an extremal partial isometry? is every extremal partial isometry from $A/I$ lifted to an extremal partial isometry? We show several constructions of $I$ which serve as working examples or counter-examples for above questions.


This article continues the scholarly conversation about the ideas presented in the author's major work Christology. Responding to the comments of reviewers, the article considers some of the general issues raised by the book's approach and treatment of tradition and scholarship. It concludes by offering further reflections on four of the key constructive Christological claims made within the book.


Classical antiquity gave us the notion of the arts as sisters, and Renaissance Italy the drama of their sibling rivalry. (1) In the "republic of taste" of eighteenth-century Britain, poetry, painting, and sculpture were companionable sisters, so long as the family of genres reflected the social order: pastoral verse and flower painting were classified as feminine pastimes suitable for lady amateurs; and epic poetry and history painting as masculine genres for gentlemen with a classical education or professional training. (2) While sculpture provided ideal forms for both painting and poetry, its practice was also considered the most masculine of occupations, requiring the skills of a workman and the study of human anatomy. Like their Romantic predecessors, Victorian women poets capitalized on the signs of cultivation and distinction reflected in the poetics of ut pictura poesis ("as a painting, so a poem") and used it to distinguish feminine amateurism from masculine artistry. This essay will suggest that it is worth exploring how the rise of professional women painters and sculptors in the nineteenth century informed various forms of sister arts verse by poets actively engaged with the concept of a rivalry among the arts. Robert Browning, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and a host of other male poets responded in kind. But in their embodiment of the sister arts metaphor, I want to explore some of the complexities of sisterhood and rivalry expressed by several female poets and one art critic. As Victorian women began to appear in the culturally elite roles of art historian and academic exhibitor, women poets responded to fellow rivals as many of their Renaissance and Romantic predecessors had, asserting poetry's power to create an image in the mind's eye and to give it a voice. (3) Feminist critics have drawn attention to the way in which nineteenth-century "poetesses" transformed ut pictura poesis into ut sculptura poeta ("as a sculpture, so a poet"). (4) The visual and poetic representations of Sappho and Stael's Corinne in the early nineteenth century offered "both the lyric voice and the sacrificial body of the paradigmatic poetess for consumption as an aestheticized object." (5) One paradigmatic poetess Felicia Hemans wrote ekphrastic poems in response to drawings and sculpture of Sappho abandoned by Phaon as well and to funerary monuments of women. "The Last Song of Sappho" and "The Queen of Prussia's Tomb," for example, voice the bitterness of abandonment and the sorrows of motherhood, which are sentiments excluded from the visual records. Moreover, Hemans' elegiac stanzas form verbal monuments that attest to the power of song to outlast the tomb. (6) Social status and gender politics have always played a significant role in a form of sister arts rhetoric known as paragone, according to Jean H. Hagstrum in his landmark account of the sister arts from antiquity to eighteenth-century England. (7) In Renaissance Italy, the invention of paragone, which means comparison or contest, coincides with the painter's demand for equity with poets, whose art was considered a branch of rhetoric and a higher art: The paragone involving painting and poetry is explainable not so much philosophically, on the basis of a theoretical distinction between these arts, as sociologically: painters and sculptors were now successful enough to reject the inferior social and educational position they had occupied since antiquity and to strive for recognition of their pursuits as liberal disciplines. (Hagstrum, p. 66) Hagstrum's emphasis on theoretical debate and sociological context opens his discussion of Leonardo's Treatise on Painting, in which the author passionately vindicates the power of the image over the word. Hagstrum places Leonardo's defense within the context of social change, but he also attends to Leonardo's claim that painting's empiricism makes the art a science: "The painter, who deals with things, is superior to the poet, who deals with words" (Hagstrum, p. …


In this paper, we describe the principles, outlines, and implementation of a new undergraduate database course using MeTube (a variation of the well known YouTube) as a motivational semester-long project, which is attractive, fosters creativity in students and is complex enough to introduce DBMS theories and techniques. We provide detailed course assessment results and describe our experience from past two semesters.


A new four stage differential ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is introduced in this paper for wide tuning-range applications of phase-locked loops (PLLs). A differential delay cell equipped with a CMOS inverter-based frequency tuning mechanism is proposed to widen the tuning frequency range of the ring oscillator. 90nm CMOS technology(GPDK90) is utilized to simulate the proposed oscillator. The supply voltage selected for this design is 1.0V. The built-in oscillator achieves a tuning frequency range of 2.07 GHz to 7.56 GHz, and this range is obtained by increasing the control voltage from 0.0V to 0.5V. The proposed oscillator can produce 526µW of power at its maximum. The mentioned oscillator attained a power efficiency value of 0.06mW/GHz. At 1 MHz offset, the proposed oscillator exhibits -86.28dBc/Hz phase noise, and the obtained value of Figure of Merit (FOM) is -166.64 dBc/Hz.


Two cliques of genes identified computationally for their high co-expression in the mouse brain according to the Allen Brain Atlas, and for their enrichment in genes related to autism spectrum disorder, have recently been shown to be highly co-expressed in the cerebellar cortex, compared to what could be expected by chance. Moreover, the expression of these cliques of genes is not homogeneous across the cerebellum, and it has been noted that their gene expression pattern seems to highlight the granular layer. However, this observation was only made by eye, and recent advances in computational neuroanatomy allow to rank cell types in the mouse brain (characterized by their transcriptome profiles) according to the similarity between their density profiles and the expression profiles of the cliques. We establish by Monte Carlo simulation that with probability at least 99 percent, the expression profiles of the two cliques are more similar to the density profile of granule cells than 99 percent of the expression of cliques containing the same number of genes (Purkinje cells also score above 99 percent in one of the cliques). Thresholding the expression profiles shows that the signal is more intense in the granular layer.


Striking a Vital Balance: Developing A Complementary Focus on Human Weakness and Strength Through Positive Psychological Assessment - Shane J. Lopez, C. R. Snyder, & Heather N. Rasmussen Measuring and Labeling the Positive and the Negative - C. R. Snyder, Shane J. Lopez, Lisa M. Edwards, Jennifer Teramoto Pedrotti, Ellie C. Prosser, Stephanie LaRue Walton, Susan Spalitto, & Jon C. Uiven Positive Psychological Assessment in an Increasingly Diverse World - Lisa Flores & Ezemenari M. Obasi Learned Optimism: The Measurement of Explanatory Style - Karen Reivich & Jane Gillham Optimism - Charles C. Carver & Michael F. Scheier Hope: Many Definitions, Many Measures - Shane J. Lopez, C. R. Snyder, & Jennifer Teramoto Pedrotti Measuring Career Self-Efficacy: Promoting Confidence and Happiness at Work - Karen M. O'Brien Problem-Solving Appraisal - P. Paul Heppner & Yu-Wei Wang Locus of Control: Back to Basics - Genevieve Fournier & Chantale Jeanrie Assessing Creativity in Research and Practice - Barb Kerr & Camea Gagliardi The Assessment of Wisdom-Related Performance - U. M. Staudinger & B. Leipold Profiling Courage - Shane J. Lopez, Kristin Koetting O'Byrne, & Stephanie Petersen Measuring Positive Emotions - Richard E. Lucas, Ed Diener, & Randy J. Larsen Assessing Self-Esteem - Todd F. Heatherton & Carrie L. Wyland Romantic Love: Measuring Cupid's Arrow - Clyde Hendrick & Susan S. Hendrick Measuring Emotional Inteiligence as a Set of Abilities With the MSCEIT - Peter Salovey, John D. Mayer, David Caruso, & Paulo N. Lopes Empathy and Its Measurement - Qing Zhou, Carlos Valiente, & Nancy Eisenberg The Assessment of Adult Attachment Security - Frederick G. Lopez Measuring Forgiveness - Laura Yamhure Thompson & C. R. Snyder Sense of Humor - Rod A. Martin The Assessment of Gratitude - Robert A. Emmons, Michael E. McCullough, & Jo-Ann Tsang Measuring Religious Constructs: A Hierarchical Approach to Construct Organization and Scale Selection - Jo-Ann Tsang & Michael E. McCullough Moral Judgment Maturity: From Clinical to Standard Measures - John C. Gibbs, Karen S. Basinger, & Rebecca L. Grime Vocational Psychology Assessment: Positive Human Characteristics Leading to Positive Work Outcomes - Christine Robitschek Positive Coping: Mastering Demands and Searching for Meaning - Ralf Schwarzer & Nina Knoll The Measurement and Utility of Adult Subjective Well - Being-Corey L. M. Keyes & Jeana L. Magyar-Moe Quality of Life - M. J. Power Environmental Assessment: Examining Influences on Optimal Human Functioning - Heather N. Rasmussen, Jason E. Neufeld, Jennifer C. Bouwkamp, Lisa M. Edwards, Alicia Ito, Jeana L. Magyar-Moe, Jamie A. Ryder, & Shane J. Lopez The Future of Positive Psychological Assessment: Making a Difference - Shane J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder


Delayed recovery after cardiovascular response to a stressor is currently being recognized as a marker and likely contributing factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, the psychological variables that predict delayed recovery appear similar to those associated with poor sleep quality. As such, poor sleep may be another index of delayed recovery. This study attempted to expound the relationship between psychological predictors of recovery and sleep and determine whether these outcomes do indeed share common predictors. Sleep quality is defined as total sleep time determined by actigraph measurements. One hundred and thirty six participants were subjected to a mental stress task coupled with harassment after which speed of recovery was assessed. In these same individuals, sleep quality data for the night following the lab stress procedure were collected. Results were not in support of our overall hypothesis. Slower rates of recovery were associated with caffeine consumption prior to experiment time, as well as anger rumination, however, with identifiable gender effects, while total sleep time was predicted by hostility in the overall sample and by higher rates of worry in male participants.


Response ofhuman intestinal epithelial cells to gastrointestinal hormones SIR,-I am writing to you with reference to the recent article by Simopoulos et al (Gut 1989; 30: 600-4) which described the response of 'human intestinal epithelial cells' to a number of gastrointestinal hormones. I was interested by the responses these authors described and by the cells used as I am aware of the difficulties of culturing fetal or adult gastrointestinal mucosa. I therefore checked the Flow catalogue and discovered that the cells were derived from human ileum and jejunum and were described as 'epitheliallike' rather than epithelial. In addition the Flow catalogue indicated that the source of the cells was the American Type Culture Collection and gave the ATCC CCL number. The ATCC catalogue describes the history of these cells (established in 1955) and gives a characterisation of these cells indicating that the cells have a number of HeLa markers and that the cell line was probably contaminated by HeLa cells (A TCC Catalogue 1988 6th ed 5-6). If these cells are in fact HeLa cells it means that the results published in this paper have no relevance to the responsiveness of human gastrointestinal cells to gastrointestinal hormones. Because of the paucity of publications in this area I believe that it is important to clarify this matter as I believe that this paper could be widely cited in future publications. It also illustrates the danger of using cells and cell lines which have not been shown to express properties of the tissue of origin, in this case either brush border enzymes or mucin.


Content generation applications like YouTube, Bit torrent and social networks have completely changed the use of the Internet for which it was designed first. Communication has shifted from retrieving data from servers to generating data by users. This gave birth to a new Internet architecture called Named Data Networking (NDN) which proved its ability to solve traditional TCP/IP-based Internet problems, namely, location dependent, complex usage, scalability, node mobility, intermittent connectivity, network overhead, misuse of resources, etc. Therefore, this consumes continuously energy resources. NDN paradigm that relies on name-based forwarding and caching data in the network have higher energy efficiency than the current Internet architecture by introducing content centering approach and retrieval from intermediate routers. However, these characteristics impose new challenges. In this paper, we will describe the motivation, the basic components and main features of NDN, highlighting points of strengths and weaknesses. Also, we will propose a survey of key solutions that aim to improve energy efficiency by focusing on solutions related to caching strategy. The final discussion aims to identify the main open challenges and some future directions for NDN deployment on a large scale.


Objective To explore the effect of summer asthma courses on school age children with asthma.Methods 68 asthma children aged 7~14 years were equally assigned into observation group and control group at random.The children in the observation group were intervened by way of summer asthma courses,followed by assessment among the children in the two groups one month before intervention and one month after intervention via a questionnaire on children's life quality,and by adding up the times for asthma onset six months before and after intervention and calculating the average value of peak expiratory flow(PEF).Results(1) After intervention,the scores in 10 items on the questionnaire such as self-satisfaction and learning capacity and attitude were went up higher(P0.05) and the scores on the items of social mental function,psychophysiological health,living environment and total assessment were significantly higher than those from pre-intervention(P0.05).(2) After intervention,the observation group scored significantly higher than the control group in 7 items,total assessment and another 3 items(P0.05),except six items of teacher-student relation,playing partnership companionship,motor capacity,negative moods,attitude to homework,and living facility.(3) Six months after intervention,the monthly times for asthma onset in the observation group were reduced and PEF in the observation group was increased(P0.05).Conclusion The summer asthma courses is markedly helpful for the development of life quality of school age children with asthma.


AbstractIn situ attenuated total-reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the gel formation of a natural pozzolan-based geopolymer and its relation to ...


Predictivism asserts that where evidence E confirms theory T, E provides stronger support for T when E is predicted on the basis of T and then confirmed than when E is known before T's construction and 'used', in some sense, in the construction of T. Among the most interesting attempts to argue that predictivism is a true thesis (under certain conditions) is that of Patrick Maher (1988, 1990, 1993). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the nature of predictivism using Maher's analysis as a starting point. I briefly summarize Maher's primary argument and expand upon it; I explore related issues pertaining to the causal structure of empirical domains and the logic of discovery.


Suspensions of Escherichia coli were not affected by lysozyme alone, but in solutions of appropriate pH and ionic strength some lysozyme was bound to the bacterial surface and remained available for action if the bacteria were subsequently treated with antibody and complement. In the presence of antibody, complement had a relatively prolonged action on E. coli ending in lysis. However, from an early stage in the reaction this lysis could be accelerated by adding lysozyme. The results suggest that human complement acted on the outer, lipoprotein—lipopolysaccharide layers of the bacterial cell wall and so gave lysozyme access to the deeper mucopeptide.

When the number of bound lysozyme molecules per bacterium was less than 10,000–20,000 the lysozyme effect decreased rapidly. However, many of these molecules may have been inactivated by K antigen.


The present invention relates to a charging device of a mobile phone, to a mobile phone charging apparatus using a charged mobile phone for charging the discharge cell phone to connect to another phone which is the charge in the charging cable. The present invention provides that the charged mobile phone connection high charging jack connection end, which outputs a constant voltage by receiving the discharges low charging jack connecting the phone to connection end, the power of the high charging jack only a low-dropout regulator for this purpose, and a comparator for comparing receives the output voltage and the voltage of the low charging jack connection terminal of said low-dropout regulator, the high charging jack anode is connected to the connection end and the cathode is connected to the output of the comparator LED, the high charge receives the output of the power jack connection end to the source, the drain is connected to the low charging jack connection end, receives the output signal of the comparator to the gate it consists of a P-channel F. ET which conduction control.


Leakage current is a serious problem in the transformerless solar PV inverter configurations. The flow of leakage current is mainly due to the high-frequency oscillations in the voltage across PV parasitic capacitance (vCPV). Half-bridge (HB) and common ground type inverter topologies are highly suitable for eliminating these oscillations as these configurations allow direct electrical connection between the source and the load/grid ground. However, they suffer from either poor dc-bus utilization or asymmetric operation leading to dc-offset in the output voltage. In this article, a novel 1-φ, 5-level inverter is proposed, which employs a HB structure to eliminate voltage oscillations from vCPV without compromising with the dc-bus utilization or symmetric operation. This is achieved by integrating a switched capacitor network with the HB structure. All the necessary analysis and design procedures are included to support the various claims. The claims are further validated using MATLAB simulations and experiments on a laboratory prototype. The proposed topology is compared with the various existing topologies of similar nature (like 5-level output voltage, common ground or HB type configuration and 1-φ) to prove its superiority.


One of the purposes of Physical Education is promoting physical activity through equal opportunities for boys and girls, accepting diversity. Aware of the power of the image for the reproduction of gender stereotypes, this research aimed to analyse its existence in Brazilian textbooks. The study was empirical, descriptive and comparative among analysed books that used content analysis and inferential statistics. The sample comprised 1327 images. These images concerned 10 Physical Education textbooks published by four Brazilian publishers who edited them as teacher's guides for primary education between 2017 and 2018. A content analysis was carried out through the adaptation of the SAIMEF tool. The classification and categorization of the images were performed by five expert judges, using, as a criterion, the coefficient of agreement between them. The results indicated greater importance of images linked to the male gender, with a predominance of sports and fights as main activities, while the female gender is characterized by individual practices, such as gymnastics. The study concluded that Physical Education guides in Brazil convey a sports educational model, which can influence the choice of body practices and consolidate students' imagination based on hegemonic standards present in society. Therefore, teachers need to make a critical analysis of these images to avoid promoting this hegemonic male sports model among primary and secondary school students in their physical education classes.
Keywords: textbook; gender, physical education, content analyses, Brazil.


Agriculture is greatly impacted by climate change, which can lead to situations of food security or insecurity at both regional and global levels. Pakistan is predicted to experience an area reduction and geographical shifting of major crops in the near future. In the present study, we assessed the potential future distribution of wheat and maize in Pakistan. Based on current locations of these crops, we ran a Maxent species distribution model to predict future changes in crop distributions. We used 58 presence records for wheat and 48 presence records for maize. The model simulated current and future climate change scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) based on the CMIP5 model, MPI-ESM-LR. Results from our model showed a decline in production area, with a 30-35% reduction in wheat and a 23-36% reduction in maize in the year 2070, depending upon which climate change scenario was modelled (i.e. RCP 4.5 or RCP 8.5). The model predictions were highly accurate, with test AUC values of 0.88 for wheat and 0.89 for maize. A jackknife test for variable importance indicated that irrigation, precipitation seasonality and precipitation of the warmest quarter are the most important environmental variables determining the potential geographic distribution of the crops. Due to the varying severity and nature of climate impacts, adaptation strategies are needed. This study can aid policy makers in devising policies that can help reduce the threat of future food insecurity in the region.


During the POLINAT (Pollution from Aircraft Emissions in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor) experiment, water vapor content was measured with a frost-point hygrometer on board the DLR (Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fur Luft-und-Raumfahrt) Falcon research aircraft. Model estimates of the water vapor mixing ratio along the flight track of the aircraft have been interpolated from 6-h ECMWF analyses. Comparisons are made between the in situ measurements and the model data for 16 POLINAT flights. In the high troposphere, the mixing ratio from the model is generally larger than the measured one, with differences amounting to a few percent up to 100%. But at mixing ratios below 20 ppmv and in the stratosphere, the mixing ratios from the model are generally smaller than the measured ones. The observed differences in the high troposphere can be explained by the low accuracy of radiosonde data at low temperatures and/or at small relative humidities. In the stratosphere, due to the technical limitations of radiosonde hygrometers, the water vapor concentration is set to a constant value at each ECMWF analysis step. Despite these discrepancies, many of the small-scale features are, at least in a qualitative sense, reproduced by the model.


The interaction between leaves and airflow has a direct effect on the droplet deposition characteristics of the leaf canopy. In order to make clear the mechanism of droplet deposition in terms of the interaction between the droplets and leaves from the point of the leaf aerodynamic response velocity, the leaf movement under different airflow velocities and the influence of the leaf aerodynamic response on droplet coverage ratio were investigated. The effect of the aerodynamic response velocity of a leaf on the droplet deposition of the leaf surface was investigated. The aerodynamic characteristics of the leaf were analyzed theoretically. Boundary layer theory from fluid mechanics was used to develop a model of the leaf aerodynamic response velocity to nonperiodic excitations based on a convolution integral method. Target leaf aerodynamic velocities were detected using a high-speed camera, and the results indicated that the modeled leaf aerodynamic response velocity matched the measured values. At given conditions of spray liquid and leaf surface texture, the spray test showed that the droplet coverage ratio was influenced by the leaf aerodynamic response velocity, the droplet coverage ratio increased and then decreased with the leaf response velocity. Through analyze four droplets deposition state, the highest droplet deposition ratio and best deposition state on the leaf surface occur when the leaf aerodynamic response velocity was less than 0.14 m/s. According to the analysis of droplet deposition states, the uniformity of the droplet size and quantity distribution of droplets on the leaf surface related to the leaf aerodynamic response velocity. The results can provide a basis for the design and optimization of orchard air sprayers.
Keywords: air-assisted spray, leaf wind vibration, leaf aerodynamic response velocity, droplet deposition states, droplet retention, orchard
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211401.5435

Citation: Li J, Li Z Q, Ma Y K, Cui H J, Yang Z, Lu H Z. Effects of leaf response velocity on spray deposition with an air-assisted orchard sprayer. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(1): 123–132.


An accurate soil model is essential for the simulation study of the interaction between the soil and the working utilities of the earth-moving machines, such as the blade of a grader or bulldozer, based on the discrete element method. According to the relevant soil properties theory of the soil mechanics, the mechanical-properties-based soil model is established by using the discrete element method simulation software EDEMTM. The model is modified repeatedly by comparing the data from the simulation tests with those sourced from former research based on large number of field tests, until the relatively accurate soil mechanical properties can be approached in the established soil model. Finally, the accuracy of the DEM-based cohesive soil model is varified by the inner friction angle, cohesion and the repose angle through the simulation tests.


The application of contemporary public sector management concepts and theories allows us to rethink some of our perceptions of the Roman Empire's rôle as a service provider and the way in which the provision of services was made more efficient. This paper uses the imperial grain supply as a case in point to demonstrate that contracting out allowed the state to take advantage and build on its core competencies, whilst at the same time leveraging the core competencies of the service providers; in this case, the owners of merchant ships. Furthermore, the contracting régime undertaken by the Empire served to increase the transport capacity of the state by means of the establishment of regularised control mechanisms.


Major volcanoes of the Southern Washington Cascades (SWC) include the large Quaternary stratovolcanoes of Mount St. Helens (MSH) and Mount Adams (MA) and the Indian Heaven (IH) and Simcoe Mountain (SIM) volcanic fields. There are significant differences among these volcanic centers in terms of their composition and evolutionary history. The stratovolcanoes consist largely of andesitic to dacitic lavas and pyroclastics with minor basalt flows. IH consists dominantly of basaltic with minor andesite lavas, all erupted from monogenetic rift and cinder cone vents. SIM has a poorly exposed andesite to rhyolite core but mainly consists of basaltic lavas erupted from numerous widely dispersed vents; it has the morphology of a shield volcano. Distribution of mafic lavas across the SWC is related to north-northwest trending faults and fissure zones that indicate a significant component of east–west extension within the area. There is overlap in eruptive history for the areas studied, but it appears that peak activity was progressively older (MSH (<40 Ka), IH (mostly <0.5 Ma), MA (<0.5 Ma), SIM (1–4 Ma)) and more alkalic toward the east. A variety of compositionally distinct mafic magma types has been identified in the SWC, including low large ion lithophile element (LILE) tholeiitic basalts, moderate LILE calcalkalic basalts, basalts transitional between these two, LILE-enriched mildly alkalic basalts, and basaltic andesites. Compositional diversity among basaltic lavas, both within individual centers as well as across the arc, is an important characteristic of the SWC traverse. The fact that the basaltic magmas either show no correlation between isotopic and trace element components or show trends quite distinct from those of the associated evolved lavas, suggests that their compositional variability is attributable to subcrustal processes. Both the primitive nature of the erupted basalts and the fact that they are relatively common in the SWC sector also imply that such magmas had little residence time in the crust. A majority of the SWC basaltic samples studies are indistinguishable from oceanic island basalts (OIB) in terms of trace element and isotopic compositions, and more importantly, most do not display the typical high field strength element (HFSE) depletion seen in subduction-related magmas in volcanic arcs elsewhere. LILE enrichment and HRSE depletion characteristics of most arc magmas are generally attributed to the role of fluids released by dehydration of subducted oceanic lithosphere and to the effects of sediment subduction. Because most SWC basalts lack these compositional features, we conclude that subducted fluids and sediments do not play an essential role in producing these magmas. Rather, we infer that they formed by variable degree melting of a mixed mantle source consisting mainly of heterogeneously distributed OIB and mid-ocean ridge basalt source domains. Relatively minor occurrences of HFSE-depleted arclike basalts may reflect the presence of a small proportion of slab-metasomatized subarc mantle. The juxtaposition of such different mantle domains within the lithospheric mantle is viewed as a consequence of (1) tectonic mixing associated with accretion of oceanic and island arc terranes along the Pacific margin of North America prior to Neogene time, and possibly (2) a seaward jump in the locus of subduction at about 40 Ma. The Cascades arc is unusual in that the subducting oceanic plate is very young and hot. We suggest that slab dehydration outboard of the volcanic front resulted in a diminished role of aqueous fluids in generating or subsequently modifying SWC magmas compared to the situation at most convergent margins. Furthermore, with low fluid flux conditions, basalt generation is presumably triggered by other processes that increase the temperature of the mantle wedge (e.g., convective mantle flow, shear heating, etc.).


Size distribution within re-
ported landings is an important aspect of northern Gulf of Mexico penaeid shrimp stock assessments. It reflects shrimp population characteristics such as numerical abundance of various sizes, age structure, and vital rates (e.g. recruitment, growth, and mortality), as well as effects of fishing, fishing power, fishing practices, sampling, size-grading, etc.
The usual measure of shrimp size in archived landings data is count (C) the number of shrimp tails (abdomen or edible portion) per pound (0.4536 kg). Shrimp are marketed and landings reported in pounds within tail count categories. Statistically, these count categories are count class intervals or bins with upper and lower limits expressed in C. Count categories vary in width, overlap, and frequency of occurrence within the landings. The upper and lower limits of most count class intervals can be transformed to lower and upper limits (respectively) of class intervals expressed in pounds per shrimp tail, w, the reciprocal of C (i.e. w = 1/C).
Age based stock assessments have relied on various algorithms to estimate numbers of shrimp from pounds landed within count categories. These algorithms required un-
derlying explicit or implicit assumptions about the distribution of C or w. However, no attempts were made to assess the actual distribution of C or w. Therefore, validity of the algorithms and assumptions could not be determined. When different algorithms were applied to landings within the same size categories, they produced different estimates of numbers of shrimp.
This paper demonstrates a method of simulating the distribution of w in reported biological year landings of shrimp. We used, as examples, landings of brown shrimp, Farfantepenaeus aztecus, from the northern Gulf of Mexico fishery in biological years 1986–2006. Brown shrimp biological year, Ti, is defined as beginning on 1 May of the same calendar year as Ti and ending on 30 April of the next calendar year, where subscript i is the place marker for biological year. Biological year landings encompass most if not all of the brown shrimp life cycle and life span. Simulated distributions of w reflect all factors influencing sizes of brown shrimp in the landings within a given biological year. Our method does not require a priori assumptions about the parent distributions of
w or C, and it takes into account the variability in width, overlap, and frequency of occurrence of count categories within the landings. Simulated biological year distributions of w can be transformed to equivalent distributions of C.
Our method may be useful in future testing of previously applied algorithms and development of new estimators based on statistical estimation theory and the underlying distribution of w or C. We also examine some applications of biological year distributions of w, and additional variables derived from them.


Despite maintaining its guidelines in the treatment of rhizarthrosis, trapezium-metacarpal arthrodesis is associated with loss of mobility and load transfer to the neighboring joints. The aim of this paper is to present the results of three patients with trapezium-metacarpal arthrodesis who, for having poor functional outcome, underwent desarthrodesis and trapezium-metacarpal arthroplasty with "ball-and-socket" prosthesis. Performed clinical and radiological evaluation of 3 patients with a mean follow-up of 18 months. There was a frank decrease of pain and improvement in daily living activities evaluated, as well as a gain of mobility and strength of the operated thumb, with a early return to daily living activities and employment. The total trapezium-metacarpal arthroplasty for arthrodesis surgery revision of this joint is a valid and effective treatment option with good functional results. Proper selection of candidates for this procedure is a key step in achieving these results.


An agent can send a message and never receive a response, this is what we name the "empty mailbox problem" this paper is concerned with. The causes of the problem can lie in low level layer as, for instance, in communication links, but also in the behavior of the autonomous entity the agent is interacting with, which can choose not to respond. The task is not easy, for the agents developer, to find what is to do in such cases. The proposed solution consists in a performative and the associated meta-protocol. This results into a generic method to handle the empty mailbox problem in the case of temporary faults. Some prospects are given to handle permanent faults.


Evolution in nature has produced through adaptation a wide variety of distinctive optical structures in many life forms. For example, pigment differs greatly from the observed color of most beetles because their exoskeletons contain multilayer coatings. The green beetle is disguised in a surrounding leaf by having a comparable reflection spectrum as the leaves. The Manuka and June beetle have a concave structure where light incident at any angle on the concave structures produce matching reflection spectra. In this work, semiconductor processing methods were used to duplicate the structure of the beetle exoskeleton. This was achieved by combining analog lithography with a multilayer deposition process. The artificial exoskeleton, 3D concave multilayer structure, demonstrates a wide field of view with a unique spectral response. Studying and replicating these biologically inspired nanostructures may lead to new knowledge for fabrication and design of new and novel nano-photonic devices, as well as provide valuable insight to how such phenomenon is exploited.


The purpose of this study was to develop a study to determine the viability and feasibility of the establishment of a nursery for production of hydroponic Green fodder of maize (Zea mays l.) in the Canton of passage. Variables that were examined in the study of market supply, demand, methods of cultivation among others, these were analyzed through the application of participatory methodologies by filling in surveys with farmers in the canton and interviews to traders of livestock food of the urban area of passage, on the basis of statistical sampling to have greater reliability in the results.Market research showed that hydroponic forage have broad acceptance of the population, so it is claimed on the basis of this result that the establishment of the viability and technical feasibility is successful from the standpoint of opting for a new alternative for the livestock feed. A production studio was developed to determine the requirements of raw materials, inputs, equipment and machinery required for the production as well as infrastructure, the plan demonstrated the feasibility of the establishment from the technical dimension.Was prepared in the same way studies on what would be the best way of cultivation, production in the vivarium with the nutrient solution La Molina is the most successful to reach harvest between 12 and 15 days, which is the appropriate time for animals can capture the necessary nutrients for normal development, it also concludes that the establishment of a nursery is feasible and cost- effective, to thus achieve the acceptability of change in food processes to reduce production costs per animal.


A 28-year-old business man left a pub late one evening, apparently to attend a meeting with his business partner in another pub which they jointly owned. He failed to return home the following day and was subsequently reported missing to the local police. Following his disappearance, rumours circulated in the town that he had been murdered but despite a fairly detailed search of the pub nothing of significance was found. It was subsequently alleged that his body had been disposed ofin one ofa number oflarge cylindrical metal bins at the rear of the premises. These bins had been emptied twice in the interim although a binman did admit that he saw a hand inside the bin which he assumed was part of a tailor's dummy. Forensic examination of the bin revealed the presence ofhuman blood and a major police investigation was launched. Rubbish from the bins had initially gone to a local depot for compaction before being disposed of in a large reclamation site on the foreshore ofBelfast Lough. An area of about 100 square yards was identified as a possible location for rubbish from the town and a mammoth digging operation was commenced. Atrench 80 yards long and 12 feet deep was excavated and after several days the remains of a body were found. When recovered the head and right upper limbs were missing but these were subsequently recovered two days later. The remains were badly decomposed and heavily contaminated by rotting material. Identification was made from a tattoo on the deceased's forearm as well as from items of clothing recognized by relatives. The internal organs were either missing or consisted of lumps of pultaceous rotting material. There were multiple surface injuries on the body, including deformity of the chest associated with multiple fracture of the ribs and fractures of both lower legs. The skin in places had been destroyed or holed by maggots and rodents.


This report describes a conceptual approach for identifying dominant contributors to risk from maritime shipping of hazardous materials. Maritime transportation accidents are relatively common occurrences compared to more frequently analyzed contributors to public risk. Yet research on maritime safety and pollution incidents has not been guided by a systematic, risk-based approach. Maritime shipping accidents can be analyzed using event trees to group the accidents into bins,' or groups, of similar characteristics such as type of cargo, location of accident (e.g., harbor, inland waterway), type of accident (e.g., fire, collision, grounding), and size of release. The importance of specific types of events to each accident bin can be quantified. Then the overall importance of accident events to risk can be estimated by weighting the events' individual bin importance measures by the risk associated with each accident bin. 4 refs., 3 figs., 6 tabs.


---Audio steganography is the technique of hiding secret information into the samples of an audio signal. A number of audio steganographic techniques are available in literature. All the available techniques emphasis on the security of the technique and the payload. Not a single technique promises good security and high payload at the same time. In this work a new least significant bit (LSB) audio steganographic technique is introduced. In this technique secret information is embedded in audio samples based on the amplitude of the sample. The idea is taken from the fact that high amplitude audio samples over run low amplitude samples which means that more information bits can be embedded in low amplitude samples and vice versa. A threshold is set to decide what number of bits to be embeddedin which amplitude sample. This threshold works as a secret key for the information hidden in the audio samples.The proposed technique does not affect the quality of the resultant audio signal and is more secure than the conventional LSB technique. Keywords---Audio Steganography; Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique, Threshold, Secret information, MSE (mean square error), RMSE (root mean square error), MAE (mean absolute error),NAE(normalized absolute error), AD (Average difference) and MD (maximum difference)


The claim made in this paper is that in a formal description of language, it is possible and useful to work with dependency-based underlying representations of sentences (tectogrammatical representations) meeting the condition of projectivity. The reasons for the inclusion of this condition into the definition of the tectogrammatical representations are both formally and empirically sound (Section 1). An analysis of the material offered by the Prague Dependency Treebank with annotations of the underlying syntactic structure of sentences (described in Section 2) has led to an interesting classification of non-projective constructions in Czech (Section 3). It documents that most (types of) constructions that appear to be non-projective in the surface shape of sentences can be described by means of projective trees. The realization of the surface word order (with the use of movement rules) is then relegated to the morphemic level, where the representation of the sentence has the shape of a string rather than a tree.


Objective To investigate the characteristics of cognitive disorder in elderly patients with silent lacunar infarctions(SLI). Methods 128 patients and 38 controls were admitted into our research. Patients were classified into single SLI group and multiple SLI group according to MRI. All patients and controls' cognitive status were assessed with MMSE, block-test, clock-drawing test. Results ① All scores of MMSE, block test and clock-drawing test in multiple SLI group were significantly lower than those in control group. There were no significant differences in scores of MMSE, block test and clock-drawing between single SLI group and control group. ② Compared with control group, the patients in multiple SLI group had lower scores in time orientation, place orientation, short-term memory, attention, calculation, visual-spatial function and executive function and so on. Conclusions Multiple SLI is closely related with cognitive functions.


Quantification of the ecosystem respiration is essential in understanding the carbon cycling of natural and disturbed landscapes. Soil respiration and some environmental factors which affect soil respiration were investigated in a Larix leptolepis plantation inKongju, Korea. Soil respiration was measured at midday of the 15 th and 30 th day of every month from May to December in a non-cutting area (Control) and a cutting area (Treatment) with IRGA Soil Respiration Analyzer. Throughout the study period, average soil temperature and water content were 23.3±0.5℃ and 27.76±7.12% for control, and 25.9±3.1℃ and 24.55±5.12% for treatment, respectively. There was a positive correlation (R²=0.8905) between soil respiration and soil temperature in the study area. However, there was no significant correlation between soil respiration and soil moisture (R²=0.4437). The seasonal soil respiration increased in the summer and decreased in the winter. In August, maximum soil respirations in the control and treatment areas were 0.82±0.13 and 1.32±0.10 gCO₂ㆍ -2 ㆍr -1 , respectively. Total amounts of CO₂ evolution in the control and treatment areas from May to December in 2008 were 2,419.2 and 3,610.8 CO₂ gㆍm -2 , respectively. The amount of soil respiration in the treatment area was 49.3% greater than in the control. Increased soil respiration in the treatment area may be due to increased soil temperature, which drives increased microbial decomposition. According to our present investigation, forest cutting will increase the atmospheric CO₂ by increasing soil respiration.


Introduction. Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp is rarely diagnosed due to the uncharacteristic histopathological picture, while clinical manifestations are similar to many other dermatoses. To date, 40 cases of this disease have been described. The lesions occur most often in the elderly, triggered mainly by UV radiation, trauma and infections. The disease course is chronic, with periods of exacerbation and remission. Eruption subsides with scarring and permanent loss of hair. Objective. Presentation of a case of erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp observed and treated in our center. Case report. We present a case of a 74-year old man with erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS) with pruritic and painful pustules, crusts and erosions on an erythematous base, located in the frontal, parietal, and temporal area. The diagnosis of EPDS was established on the basis of clinical manifestations after thorough differentiation with other Nadżerkowe, krostkowe zapalenie skóry głowy Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp Anna Czajkowska, Jolanta B. Węgłowska, Katarzyna Cygan Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny we Wrocławiu Przegl Dermatol 2015, 102, 535–538 DOI: 10.5114/dr.2015.55703


Abstract : A pavement condition survey was performed on the South Base airfield at Edwards Air Force Base, CA, in August 1989 for the purpose of determining the pavement condition index of the airfield features and for performing the initial implementation of the PAVER pavement management system. The pavement identification and condition survey data were input into a Micro PAVER data base. Keywords: Airfield pavement, Edwards Air Force Base (South Base), Micro PAVER, Pavement condition, Pavement condition index, PAVER implementation.


Explicit forms are derived for the coupling matrix that relates perturbations in environmental parameters to resulting perturbations in the trapped acoustic modal eigenfunctions in the ocean waveguide [Kuperman et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 125–133 (1991); Desaubies et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 80, 1148–1160 (1986)]. Special consideration is paid to the continuity conditions across the ocean/bottom interface. The perturbation is carried out with respect to frequency, ocean depth, sound‐speed profile, and density distribution. Density is included to account for stratification in the bottom, and to estimate scattering from internal gravity waves near the thermocline. The matrix elements are expressed in terms of inner products of the unperturbed eigenfunctions with environmental perturbations. The results give straightforwardly the perturbations in eigenvalues (i.e., the horizontal component of the local wave vector for each mode). Applying the results to the variation of eigenmodes with horizontal positio...


A stretch stress by position in the region of the expansion region to provide an absorbent article having a stretchable region that differ. SOLUTION: The absorbent articles with stretchable sheet, the stretch sheet comprises a first sheet layer having no stretchability, between the second sheet layer, which can stretch the at least front-rear direction elastically film is laminated, and the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer, directly or via an elastic film, is joined in a number of joints spaced, the stretch sheet, the contracted by the contraction force of the elastic film, and can extend and an external force is applied in the longitudinal direction, the joint area ratio occupied by the total area of the joint portions included in the unit area, and an intermediate region in the width direction of stretch sheet by differs between both side regions, it is different longitudinal stretching stress across the width direction each other. .The 13


Peripheral nerve reconstruction is a much debated subject nowadays that is why new surgical techniques are being performed. It has been demonstrated that after a complete section of a peripheral nerve, the healing process takes time, and most frequently the recovery is not complete. Muscle cells and fat cells due to their chemical components, can contribute in the healing process of the peripheral nerves. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of wrapping a muscle flap or an adipose flap around the primary suture of a cuted nerve in order to improve the motor nerve regeneration in a rat model by using in vivo electric conductivity measurements.

https://revistadechimie.ro/pdf/52 BUMBU 8 19.pdf


ORIGINAL ARTICLE Background: The present study was conducted aiming to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Emotional Training on psychological capitals in the students with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Method: It was an experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group. The statistical population included adolescent with ODD studying at first high schools in the city of Tehran in academic year 2017-18. The samples included 30 adolescents with ODD who were selected through multistage clustered random sampling method and control groups (each group of 15). The experimental group received Cognitive Emotional Training during nine months while the control groups didn't receive any intervention. Psychological capital and children and adolescents mental health questionnaires were used. The data analysis was conducted via SPSS 23 through ANCOVA (Due to separation of effect of pre-test scores) at the 0.05 error level. Results: The results showed that Cognitive Emotional Training has significantly influenced psychological capitals of the students with ODD (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the results showed that this therapy was able to significantly maintain its effect in time (p < 0.001). This training has been able to improve the psychological capital of students with ODD. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that Cognitive Emotional Training using social and emotional techniques can influence psychological capitals of the students with ODD. Therefore Cognitive Emotional Training can be applied as an effective therapy in order to psychological capitals of the students with ODD


The development of tissue cultures of blood-sucking arthropods and their use for studies with microorganisms has progressed greatly during the last few years. It has been achieved mainly by basic improvement of cultivation techniques. The establishment of many cell lines from mosquitoes aided virologists by providing a medium for studies of virus replication.Of the haematophagous arthropods, tissue cultures have been derived from ticks, lice, bugs, fleas, mosquitoes and flies.Ticks : Weyer, 1952, attempted to use organ cultures of Rhipicephalus ticks for the cultivation of rickettsiae without success. Rehacek, 1958, and Rehacek and Pesek, 1960, cultivated EEE virus on organ cultures of different tick species and accomplished the propagation of virus on connective tissue together with hypodermis. Hoffmann and Kohler, 1968, observed the viability of tick organ cultures in vitro for more than 2 months.Primary cultures derived from developing adults within engorged nymphs of different tick species were described by Rehacek, 1958, 1962 and Martin and Vidler, 1962. Later the uptake of amino acids and sugars by the cells in vitro was determined by Rehacek and Brzostowski, 1969 b ; Varma and Pudney, 1969 a . These cultures were used successfully for the propagation of various viruses transmitted in nature by ticks (Rehacek, 1965 b ; Yunker and Cory, 1967 ; Rehacek et al. , 1969). A laboratory strain of tick-borne encephalitis virus was found to multiply better in tick cells than in chick embryo cultures or intracerebrally injected mice. Viruses from natural sources grew equally well in all three media (Rehacek and Kozuch, 1964, 1969). Rickettsiae pathogenic for vertebrates were found to multiply in Hyalomma dromedarii cells in vitro (Rehacek and Brezina, 1964 ; Rehacek et al., 1968).Lice, bugs and fleas : Nauck and Weyer, 1941, used minced organs from lice, bugs and fleas for the cultivation of several rickettsiae. The only susceptible organ was found to be louse stomach which was maintained for 40 days. Growth of rickettsiae was demonstrated in these louse stomach organ cultures.Although the organ culture as well as primary cell cultures of Heteroptera were developed (Vago and Flandre, 1963 ; Varma and Pudney, 1967) they have not yet been used for virus and rickettsial studies.Flies : Primary cultures were established from Glossina palpalis by Trager, 1959. These cultures have been used for the propagation of Trypanosomes.Mosquitoes : Mosquito cultures have received primary attention in studies of arthropod cell cultures by most investigators in this research area.Organ cultures, primarily digestive organs, have been maintained in vitro for the cultivation of Plasmodia (Ball, 1947, 1948 ; Schneider, 1968) and fragments of other organs maintained for cultivation of certain arboviruses (Trager, 1938 ; Haines, 1958). The organs maintained in vitro remain viable as evidenced by contractibility. Ovary has been maintained for 80 days (Gubler, 1968).Primary cell cultures have been established from larvae (Peleg and Trager, 1963 ; Peleg, 1965 ; Johnson, 1969), pupae (Sweet and Dupree, 1968 ; Johnson, 1969), adult tissue (Gubler, 1968) and from embryonal tissues (Peleg, 1966 ; Singh and Bhat, 1969). Growth of cultures have been characterized by three types : the establishment of a cell sheet, large hollow spherical vesicles, and elongate hollow tubes (Bhat and Singh, 1969). The arboviruses, West-Nile, EEE, Semliki Forest (Peleg and Trager, 1963 ; Peleg, 1968), and Japanese Encephalitis viruses (Fujita et al., 1968) were grown in these cell cultures. The propagation of Japanese encephalitis virus was also described by immunofluorescence. Johnson, 1969, found the multiplication of VEE and EEE viruses in Maintland type cultures derived from minced germ-free larvae and pupae to be dependent on the temperature of incubation, shaking of cells during incubation, and on the virus concentration used. Two strains of VEE virus passed in larval tissue ten times (virulent strain) and five times (less virulent strain) caused no changes in virulence for mice or in plaque size in cell culture.The establishment of the first insect cell lines (Grace, 1962) from Antheraea butterflies and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1966) demonstrated the possibility of deriving cell lines from invertebrates and opened new areas of in vitro arthropod research. Further cell lines have been derived from embryonic mosquito tissue (Peleg, 1968) and from larval tissue (Singh, 1967 ; Varma and Pudney, 1969 b ), from pupae (Singh, 1967) from different species of Aedes mosquitoes.Wider use of Grace's cell lines was limited by lack of availability of insect haemolymph. This was overcome by the adaptation of cells to media without haemolymph [Sweet and Dupree, 1968; Nagle, 1967 ; Suitor, 1968 (pers. com.)]. Suitor, et al. , 1966, succeeded in cloning spindle-shaped cells from Grace's cell line.Stanley and Vaughn, 1967, found this cell line to be intolerant to Fungizone, a commercial preparation of the polyene amphotericin B.Grace's cell line has been used extensively for the cultivation of certain arboviruses. Converse and Nagle, 1967, demonstrated the propagation of Yellow Fever virus and Rehacek, 1968 a , observed the multiplication of West Nile, Japanese Encephalitis, Murray Valley Encephalitis and Kunjin viruses. Rehacek, 1968 b , suc- ceeded in the establishment of a carrier State with Murray Valley Encephalitis and Japanese Encephalitis viruses. Filshie and Rehacek, 1968, described the morphology and replication of both viruses by means of electron microscopy. It was discovered that Grace's cells were contaminated with an unknown latent insect virus which multiplied following the infection with Japanese Encephalitis virus Filshie et al. , 1967). Peleg, 1968 a, b , observed the multiplication of EEE, West-Nile and Semliki Forest disease viruses in the Aedes aegypti embryo cell line. The cell line from Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti derived by Singh, 1967 has been used by Singh and Paul, 1968, for the propagation of different arboviruses. These authors observed marked differences in propagation among viruses in both cell lines. Marked cytopathic effect demonstrated by cytolysis, formation of large syncytial masses and multinucleated giant cells has been described following infection with Japanese Encephalitis, West-Nile and Dengue viruses in Aedes albopictus cells only (Paul et al., 1969). This cell line also supported the propagation of Colorado Tick Fever virus (Yunker and Cory, 1969). Banerjee and Singh, 1968, succeeded in the establishment of a carrier state with Japanese Encephalitis, West-Nile and Chikungunya viruses with the same strain of cells.Practical application of arthropod tissue cultures for the propagation of viruses and rickettsiae from various aspects is discussed.


Historical narratives and memories are highly-politicized and evolve in response to geopolitical developments. The Nanking Atrocity exemplifies the mutability and exploitation of historical narratives and public memory. Although the Atrocity occurred in the early stages of WWII and was adjudicated immediately following the conclusion of the war, it was not until several decades later, in the 1980s, that geopolitical shifts made the event relevant both domestically and internationally. By examining the factors that have influenced these narratives, it is possible to better comprehend the developments that have produced the highly-contested, contemporary Nanking Atrocity memories. The current international disputes between China and Japan, with the U.S. as a self-elected mediator, signify the consequences of public memory exploitation. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the factors that lead a nation to adopt public memory and construct historical narratives in order to overcome future obstacles in scholarship and international diplomacy. Document Type Thesis Distinguished Thesis Yes Degree Name Bachelor of Arts (BA) Department or Program Asian Studies First Advisor Shiwei Chen Second Advisor Carla Arnell Third Advisor Ying Wu Subject Categories Asian Studies | Chinese Studies This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses/140 Lake Forest College Archives Your thesis will be deposited in the Lake Forest College Archives and the College's online digital repository, Lake Forest College Publications. This agreement grants Lake Forest College the non-exclusive right to distribute your thesis to researchers and over the Internet and make it part of the Lake Forest College Publications site. You warrant: • that you have the full power and authority to make this agreement; • that you retain literary property rights (the copyright) to your work. Current U.S. law stipulates that you will retain these rights for your lifetime plus 70 years, at which point your thesis will enter common domain; • that for as long you as you retain literary property rights, no one may sell your thesis without your permission; • that the College will catalog, preserve, and provide access to your thesis; • that the thesis does not infringe any copyright, nor violate any proprietary rights, nor contain any libelous matter, nor invade the privacy of any person or third party; • If you request that your thesis be placed under embargo, approval from your thesis chairperson is required. By signing below, you indicate that you have read, understand, and agree to the statements above. Printed Name: E Caitlin Brown Thesis Title: Narratives and Memory: The Nanking Atrocity This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses/140


Mainstream Electrical Design Automation (EDA) printed circuit board (PCB) tools primarily have focused on automating digital design. Whereas a high level of automation is available today for digital design, analog-specific tools and features have been slower in coming. The now common practice of mixing analog and digital signals on a single PCB has changed the rules for mainstream digital designers. They have turned toward software vendors for help, with increasing success. We'll look at the special needs of analog design and discuss EDA capabilities for addressing some of them. This paper was motivated by ACCEL's interest in adding functionality to the ACCEL EDA product line for supporting the design of mixed analog and digital signal PCBs. Understanding the requirements and subsequently specifying productive software solutions are necessary steps in our ability to offer productive tools for this market. Today, ACCEL EDA includes many of these capabilities, and is used here to illustrate how tools can be used effectively for designing mixed signal PCBs.


We present a model for a vacuum-like effective medium composed of the absorbing and gain media under the special designed parameters. Within the linear response theory, we prove that any pulse signal (with or without a discontinuity) through such a kind of vacuum-like effective media is always equal to the light speed in vacuum () without any distortion. As well known that the group velocity in anomalous or normal dispersive media may be smaller or larger than, or even become negative, but the discontinuous point always propagates at the velocity . Therefore we present some discussions on different definitions of the signals, based on the light pulses with a well-defined shape or with a sudden change, for trying to understand two possibilities for the signal velocity without violating the causality.


Wineinformatics is a field that uses machine-learning and data-mining techniques to glean useful information from wine. In this work, attributes extracted from a large dataset of over 100,000 wine reviews are used to make predictions on two variables: quality based on a "100-point scale", and price per 750 mL bottle. These predictions were built using support vector regression. Several evaluation metrics were used for model evaluation. In addition, these regression models were compared to classification accuracies achieved in a prior work. When regression was used for classification, the results were somewhat poor; however, this was expected since the main purpose of the regression was not to classify the wines. Therefore, this paper also compares the advantages and disadvantages of both classification and regression. Regression models can successfully predict within a few points of the correct grade of a wine. On average, the model was only 1.6 points away from the actual grade and off by about $13 per bottle of wine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use a large-scale dataset of wine reviews to perform regression predictions on grade and price.


The invention provides a polymer alloy with added wood (bamboo) powder and a flake material, which comprises the wood (bamboo) powder, a polymer material (ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)/PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) alloy, PC (Polycarbonate)/PE (Polyethylene) alloy, PP (Polypropylene), PE (Polyethylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), PS (Polystyrene), a coupling agent, an impact modifier, a stabilizer, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, a flame retardant, a compatilizer, a dispersing agent, a lubricating agent and an ultraviolet absorbent, wherein 5-35 parts by weight of surface modified flake glass or surface modified metal flake or surface modified organic resin flake and 15-40 parts by weight of the wood (bamboo) powder are added into the polymer material.


Field experiments were conducted to find out the effect of foliar feeding of water soluble fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of tomato hybrid (COTH 2). The experiments were laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments replicated thrice along with the control. Water soluble liquid fertilizers in different concentrations at 3/5 sprays was experimented along with the recommended dose of fertilizers. The results of the experiments revealed that among the different grades of water soluble fertilizers, foliar application of 5 sprays of NPK (19:19:19) recorded the tallest plants, highest fruit weight, fruits plant , fruit yield and -1 BC ratio. The same treatment also recorded better quality fruits with 4.46 Brix. 0


The performance of Quadrature Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (QVCO) depends heavily on the antiphase coupling. To employ a passive mode MOSFETs, quadrature phase output can bring out the lowest power consumption. The parallel and the cascode QVCO which with active coupling are used for applying category RF frequencies. Nevertheless, as a result of operations of active coupling transistors, extra bias current or voltage range is required. For so much as the passive coupling, in order to an enlarge chip area, on-chip transformers are typically exploited. In the Phase Lock Loop (PLL) circuit, VCO is the most power consumption block. Accroding to the reason, in this study the QVCO is used which can reach low-power and low-voltage. This QVCO design was implemented in TSMC 0.18 μm 1P6M RFCMOS technology, and the active area is 1.19 mm×1.15 mm. The power consumption is 11.912 mW from 0.6 V supply, and phase noise at 1 MHz offset is -102.17 dBc/Hz. By applying a 15 MHz reference frequency, the QVCO in the PLL turn out 2.4 GHz. From the outputs waveform, the phase error is about 2.5˚.


Title AN IN-SITU EXPERIMENT OF F-BENT DOUBLE DECKED FREEWAY BRIDGE Author(s) SUNG, YU-CHI; CHIU, YI-TSUNG; CHANG, TA-HSIN; LIN, TZU-KANG; CHANG, KUO-CHUN Issue Date 2013-09-11 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/54202 Type proceedings Note The Thirteenth East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction (EASEC-13), September 1113, 2013, Sapporo, Japan. File Information easec13-A-2-2.pdf


We study the transmission of liquidity shocks in a dynamic general equilibrium model where firms and households are subject to liquidity risk. The provision of liquidity services is undertaken by financial intermediaries that allocate the stock of liquid asset between the different sectors of the economy. We find that the macroeconomic effects of liquidity shocks are considerably larger in the model economy that generates a realistic equity premium. Liquidity constraints amplify business cycle volatility and have nonlinear effects on risk premia. Our empirical analysis suggests that the Great Recession was primarily caused by liquidity factors. JEL Classification: E44, E51, E32


The current research adopts the trans-contextual model of motivation (TCM) to examine the role of perceived autonomy support from peers, parents, and physical education (PE) teachers on adolescents' autonomous motivation, intentions, and physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over a one-year period. Adolescents (N = 264) aged between 11 and 15 years (M = 13.24; SD = 0.96) filled in relevant questionnaires during a four-wave longitudinal study. Perceived autonomy support from peers, parents, and PE teachers predicted PA (β ≥ 0.03, p < 0.009) and HRQoL (β ≥ 0.01, p < 0.009) mediated by constructs of TCM over a one-year period. The regressions of PA (β = 0.45, p < 0.001) and HRQoL (β = 0.56, p < 0.001) on themselves over a one-year period were significant. PA significantly predicted the HRQoL measured one year later (β = 0.20, p < 0.001), but not vice versa (β = 0.04, p = 0.52). The unidirectional cross-lagged relationship with the flow from PA to later HRQoL suggests that intervention programs focusing on promoting PA behaviour in adolescents should produce the most pronounced effects if their aim is also to promote HRQoL.


Novelist Madison Smartt Bell takes on Ishmael Reed's Mumbo Jumbo and tells the story of his own encounter with Haiti.


The present status and prospect of mineral exploration drilling market in China were summarized,and also the advantages and disadvantages and the comprehensive efficiencies of the conventional spindle drills and the fully-hydraulic top-drive head drills were discussed.Aiming to the actual situations and conditions of strengthening geological works brought forward by Chinese government,the author presented some viewpoints and proposals,which perfect and improve the present drilling equipment,increase the mineral exploration drilling efficiency,decrease the power consumption and the drilling cost.


Enrique Ortiz, firstname.lastname@example.com, teaches mathematics methods courses at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. He is interested in algebraic thinking and fractions and developing activities involving games and technology. By Enrique Ortiz The expectation that all students should use models, benchmarks, and equivalent forms to judge the size of fractions is clearly stated in Principles and Standards for School Mathematics within the Number and Operations Standard for grades 3–5 (NCTM 2000). The game presented in this article provides for students' development of these skills in a motivational and flexible way. Students will be able to use different strategies to compare fractions and analyze the relationships among fraction size.


The aim of this study was to clone the chicken Heme oxygenase 1(HO-1) gene,predict its protein structure and function,and reveal its expression characteristics in tissues.In this study,Hailan White fowl(W-36) was used as experimental animal,the CDS region of chicken HO-1 gene was cloned by qRT-PCR,the protein structure and function were predicted by using bioinformatics,RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression characteristics in tissues.These results showed that the CDS of chicken HO-1 gene was 891 bp,encoding 296 amino acids.The conservation of its nucleotide and amino acid sequences were not high compared with other species.The protein of chicken HO-1 was transmembrane and non-secretory,it had a domain of the HO family,it is classified in EC126.96.36.199.It could bind to HEM,BLA,OXN,Q80,SUC,TRE and Na~+ molecules,the HO-1 was expressed widely in tissues,and the expression level was higher in the brain,brain stem,artery,sciatic nerve,duodenum and small intestine.HO-1 protein is predicted that it can regulate the sugar and salt function,and is expressed widely in tissues,with important biological function in the circulatory system,nervous system and digestive system.


The article analyses the results of the ten-year reform of Russian railway transport and provides numerical evidence of positive results of introducing market mechanisms in the industry (growth in rolling stock, shipping volume, cargo turnover etc.). The author concludes that the reform is incomplete, and key tasks in further reform of the industry are formulated.


Mobile robot path navigation is a crucial subject in robotics research and development. The navigation efficiency of a robot correlates directly with its overall performance. With persistent technological growth, the improvement potentials for autonomous robotic remains vast. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of the iteration technique called Accelerated Overrelaxation 9-Point (AOR-9P) Laplacian in enabling path navigation for mobile robots. This technique is a derivation from Laplace's equation which is used to calculate the potential fields in the 2-dimensional configuration space representation of an environment. The robotic path navigations are performed in a simulation called Robot 2D Simulator, written in Delphi Project software. After obtaining the solutions generated through AOR-9P iterative technique, the Gradient Descent Search (GDS) technique is employed to determine the best path for the mobile robot to traverse on. The performance of AOR-9P is examined by comparing the number of iterations needed to complete the navigation process. Results shown that AOR-9P enabled path navigation requires the least number of iterations to complete, thus having better performance than its predecessor techniques. In the same time, the paths produced are generally smooth and unobstructed all the way towards the goal point. For future improvements, it is recommended that the Half-Sweep (HS) and Quarter-Sweep (QS) approach to be introduced on AOR-9P iteration technique to improve its performance in solving the mobile robot path navigation problem.


The grammaticalization of the demonstratives this , that and thus is investigated with respect to their functions as degree adverbs using empirical data from dictionaries and historical and modern corpora. It is first argued that thus participates in the CP cycle. With respect to this and that, data relevant to the development of the degree adverb function is presented and possible relevant constructions identified. It is argued that the degree adverb function of that possibly occurs later than the historical dictionaries indicate. The degree adverb function of this is challenging to trace due to the apparent overlap with thus .


Abstract: The B.Tech program's Branch Change Problem is a key component, giving students the chance to transfer to their desired branch after the first year based on their performance. Since the academic division now solves this issue by hand, there is a possibility of inaccuracy, and it takes a lot of time and effort. In order to overcome these difficulties, the goal of this research is to create a computer algorithm that can successfully solve the branch change problem. The program will minimize the time and effort needed for resolution by automating the process, minimizing the chances of human error. The suggested method would improve branch allocation's efficiency and accuracy overall, guaranteeing a fair and efficient process for students looking to switch branches.


Considering that it's hard to counteract wax in the course of oil-extraction,the author has engineered a type of cylinder permanent magnetism wax-proof device.This device is composed of shell body,flowing cone and permanent magnetism part.At the same time,the author will adjust its mechanical intensity.


To analyse the performance of production systems, a relevant parameter representing the steady pace of manufacturing processes may be considered its quantitative measure. When applied to initial data, various indices of the steady pace often yield different and even conflicting results. The application of logically consistent axioms to a set of indices allows us to identify those of them which actually describe a steady pace of production.


In observational studies, propensity score weighting methods are regarded as the conventional standard for estimating the effects of treatments on outcomes. We introduce entropy balancing, which despite its excellent conceptual properties, has been under-utilized in the applied studies. Using an extensive series of Monte Carlo simulations, we evaluated the performance of entropy balancing, in estimating difference in means, marginal odds ratios, rate ratios and hazard ratios. The performance of entropy balancing was relatively compared with that of inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score. We found that entropy balancing outperformed the IPW method in estimating difference in means, marginal odds ratios, and hazard ratios, but when estimating marginal rate ratios, IPW performed better. Entropy balancing produced more biased estimates in many cases. However, the entropy balancing algorithm is capable of controlling bias by loosening the tightening of the pre-specified tolerance on covariate balance. We report findings as to when one technique is better than the other with no proclamation on whether one method is in every case superior to the other. Entropy balancing merits more widespread adoption in applied studies.


Pittsburgh — The effec-tive separation of particles is key to numerous processes and industries handling solid materials. By making an analogy to fluids separations, here we describe a "granular chromatograph" where particle-wall cohesion leads to "adsorption" rates that dic-tate a particle's traversal down a channel. This adsorption bias leads to differential flow rates of particles that vary in properties, such as size, density, and wetting characteristics. A rate-based separation technique, based on this observation, will be explored.


A field experiment was conducted on medium black soil (Vertic ustropept) at dry farming research station, Solapur for fourteen years i.e. 1987–88 to 2002–03 under rainfed conditions. The treatment comprised were control, 25 kg N ha−1 through urea, 50 kg N ha−1 through urea, 25 kg N ha−1 through crop residue (CR), 25 kg N ha−1 through FYM, 25 kg N ha−1 each through urea and crop residue, 25 kg N ha−1 through urea + Farmyard manure (FYM) and 25 kg N ha−1 each through CR + Leucaena loppings. The test crop was rabi sorghum. The pooled results clearly indicated that the higher grain yield of sorghum was recorded in the treatment 25 kg N ha−1 each through CR + Leucaena loppings (12.38 kg ha−1) and it was at par with the treatments 25 kg N ha−1 each through urea + FYM, 50 kg N ha−1 through urea and 50 kg N ha−1 through urea + CR. The higher stover yield (33.97) was obtained in 25 kg N ha−1 each through urea + FYM. Higher water use efficiency of 7.07 kg ha−1 mm−1 was observed in 25 kg N ha−1 each through CR + Leucaena loppings. The application of N through urea + FYM (168 kg ha−1). CR + Leucaena loppings (164 kg ha−1) recorded significant increase in available N except with the application of 25 kg N ha−1 through FYM only (158 kg ha−1). The infiltration rate of soil was also improved with application of N through organic materials.


Based on a quantum ballistic description of spindependent electronic transport in perfect magnetic junctions, the corrections are analyzed to the quantum resonances in their magnetoresistance (MR), due to finite temperature and to finite electric field bias. Considering them separately (varying temperature at fixed field or varying field at fixed temperature), we found monotonously decreasing MR with temperature but non-monotonously with field. The latter behavior suggests new means for effective tuning and control of these devices and the temperature effect sets the criteria for reaching the quantum enhanced performance in real conditions (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In order to solve the problem of heterogeneous data in enterprise,according to the application of the fault diagnosis system,this paper researches the data integration technology and proposes an solution of the middleware technology in the data integration in the equipment fault diagnosis system.Finally,the design methods and idea of each part of the middleware are described.


Backgrounds: Global DNA hypomethylation is characteristic in various cancer types including colorectal cancer. Alterations of DNA methylation related enzymes expression and decreased level of methyl-donor molecules (folic acid (FA), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)) can lead to aberrant DNA methylation pattern and elevated homocysteine level. Aims: Our aim was to examine global DNA methylation changes during aging and colorectal normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in inflammatory bowel disease in tissue and liquid biopsy samples for diagnostic purposes. Moreover, we aimed to explore the reasons of global hypomethylation on gene expression level and methyl-donor molecule content. Methods: Bisulfite treatment was performed on DNA isolated from 30 normal (N), 10 adenoma (Ad), 10 colorectal carcinoma (CRC), 10 colitis ulcerosa (UC) tissue samples and on 11 N, 10 Ad, 15 CRC, 12 UC plasma specimens. 30 N samples contained different age groups derived from under 20 to 70 years old healthy controls for examination of aging process. LINE-1 PCR product was generated and pyrosequenced. Whole genome expression level of 60 biopsy samples was evaluated by HTA 2.0 RNA microarraychip (Affymetrix). In situ tissue appearance of 5-methylcytosine, FA, SAM, homocysteine, and expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining (IHC). Results: According to LINE-1 bisulfite sequencing results, DNA methylation was 72.6±1% in samples of healthy controls under 50 years old and 71.6±1.8% in specimens of patients over 50 years old. Significant DNA hypomethylation was found in CRC (62.9±8.7%; p Conclusion: Significant decrease in DNA methylation level was found in tissue and liquid biopsy samples of colorectal normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence, but not in UC specimens. Our results suggest that determination of global DNA hypomethylation could have prognostic and diagnostic value as well, and reduction of DNA methylation level could be linked to decreased FA and SAM availability and not to methylation related ezymes activity. Citation Format: Krisztina A. Szigeti, Orsolya Galamb, Alexandra Kalmar, Gabor Valcz, Sara Zsigrai, Barbara K. Bartak, Zsofia B. Nagy, Zsolt Tulassay, Peter Igaz, Bela Molnar. Global DNA hypomethylation can be caused by decreased methyl-donor content in tissue and liquid biopsy samples in colorectal cancer progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 155.


Through their NATO membership several West European states have been able to solve their military production problems with the aid of the USA. This solution, however, has come to be looked upon in certain quarters as more of a hindrance than a contribution to the development of Western Europe. This report describes the principal efforts made to meet the military demands in West European states by means of joint West European production. A central question is whether this co- production may be conducive to better conditions for a defence community within Western Europe. Three results of the study may be worth emphasizing. First, that it is between the four major West European states that a considerable part of the co-production has developed. Secondly, that industrial possibilities for military pro duction in Western Europe might have increased due to the coordinating agencies formed as a consequence of the co-production. Thirdly, that these coordinating agen cies may provide West European industries with better means for political pressure.


There is no perfect economic system, but capitalism stood the test of time and proved to be the most efficient one from an economic, social and technological perspective. The countries which adopted a different type of system during history, discovered its limitations and started to embrace capitalistic elements. Russia is a relevant example: the communist system which was meant to bring liberty, equality and progress, generated control, terror and inefficiency. Russia's transition to liberal capitalism is a necessity but also a lasing process, for the state is not yet prepared to reduce its major influence in the economy.


Abstract The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol were studied in koi carp Cyprinus carpio (hereafter, koi) and threespot gourami Trichogaster trichopterus after oral (50 mg/kg) and intramuscular (25 mg/kg) administration of the drug in warm water conditions (24–25°C). The estimates of clearance, volume of distribution, and half-life were 0.05 L · h−1 · kg−1, 1.0 L/kg, and 16 h, respectively, in koi. In threespot gourami, the corresponding estimates were 0.32 L · h−1 · kg−1, 2.0 L/kg, and 4 h. In koi, minimal drug absorption was observed after bath treatment. Analysis of florfenicol leaching from fish feed indicated that about 50–80% of the coated drug is lost and is not available for therapeutic benefit for either species. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of florfenicol, determined for bacterial isolates from tropical fish, ranged from 0.5 to 2 μg/mL. For effective dosing regimens in koi and threespot gourami, the differences in pharmacokinetics should be considered in future studies.