Background & Aims: Childbirth being the most exciting event in the life of a female gets ruined because of cruciating and intolerable labour pain. This study compared quality of labour analgesia by using fentanyl and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to 0.2% ropivacaine epidurally . Methods: Institutional Ethical Committee approval and patient consent was obtained. 60 enroled patients were divided into 2 groups Group RF: 0.2% ropivacaine + fentanyl 15µg (15ml) Group RD: 0.2% ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine 7.5 µg (15ml) Epidural catheter was inserted at the L2-L3 space and drug was administered. VAS, sensory, motor levels were assessed. Maternal and foetal adverse effects were noted. Maternal satisfaction was evaluated after 24 h. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables while frequency and percentage for discrete data. Continuous variables were analysed by using unpaired two-tailed Student t- test. Discrete data was analysed using Chi-square test. P<0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: The demographical data like age, weight and height were comparable and had no influence on outcome of the study. Quality of analgesia was comparable in both groups (p>0.05) with no patient having poor quality. Early onset and longer duration of analgesia, less epidural top-ups, shorter duration of labour, less incidence of instrumental delivery and adverse effects were observed in Group RD compared with Group RF (p<0.05). Neonatal APGAR score was comparable between the groups. Conclusion: Both fentanyl and dexmedetomidine with 0.2% ropivacaine epidurally provide safe, effective and excellent quality of labour analgesia and equal foetal well-being and neonatal outcomes. Dexmedetomidine as adjuvant prolongs labour analgesia and shortens duration of labour.


OBJECTIVE
To identify factors that may influence parenting by mothers who are recovering from cocaine addiction.

DESIGN
Exploratory descriptive, with in-depth unstructured interviews.

SETTING
Interviews were conducted in the woman's home or in a treatment center.

PARTICIPANTS
A convenience sample of 11 women recovering from cocaine addiction who were mothers of children 3 years of age and younger.

RESULTS
A content analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Two themes, personal/psychologic factors and environmental/contextual factors, and four subthemes emerged. They identify issues that may affect parenting by mothers being treated for cocaine addiction. Subthemes included low self-esteem, difficulty developing a maternal identity, isolation from friends and family, and chronic life stress.

CONCLUSION
This study provides a better understanding of the sources contributing to vulnerability in the parenting role for mothers recovering from cocaine addiction and will assist nurses in providing care for these mothers and their children.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sirolimus on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and its mechanism. METHODS The rats right nephrectomy and the left renal arteries were gripped by vascular clamp for 45 min to induce renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. The rats were randomly divided into sham group(C), sirolimus-treated sham group (S), IRI group and sirolimus-treated IRI group (IRIS ). The sham group and sirolimus-treated sham group were sacrificed at day 1, the other 2groups at day 1,3,5 after kidney reperfusion, respectively. Eight rats were in each subset. Medication started 3 d prior to the operation and continued daily till killing. Sirolimus was administered at a loading dose of 9 mg·kg-1 followed maintenance doses of 3 mg·kg-1 to rats by oral gavage. In the sham group and IRI group saline were given with the same schedule. The severity of the renal IRI was assessed by serum creatinine levels and renal histology. Nitrogen monoxide(NO) in the renal tissue and endothelin(ET) in the plasma were measured. RESULTS Compared with those of sham group, sirolimus decreased creatinine significantly (P0.01), but the change of NO was opposite (P0.01). The levels of ET was not influenced. The serum creatinine and plasma ET of group IRIS were significantly lower than those of group IRI on day 1. There were no difference between 2 groups on day 3. On day 5 the content of NO in renal tissue was significantly increased (P0.05), but plasma ET was opposite (P0.05). The serum creatinine was not influenced. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with sirolimus may preserve renal ischemia-reperfusion injury on day 1, but the renal function was not improved significantly on day 3 and day 5. This effect might be related to ET and NO.


This paper compares the characteristics of two types of four quadrant pyroelectric sensors, made with screen-printed PZT and PVDF thick films, respectively, which we used for low-cost contactless position determination and laser beam positioning. For the comparison we used their responsivities, measured with a CO2 laser, and their respective noise figures. For sensors designing we simulated the PZT sensor responsivity using an equivalent thermo-electric model already demonstrated for multilayer PVDF sensors. The barely known model parameters of the PZT and electrodes layers were deduced from the best fit of the temporal voltage response to two square wave periodic signals. The peak current responsivity, the bandwidth and the NEP of the various samples indicate PZT most suited for low-noise and PVDF for high frequency and large bandwidth IR laser beam applications, respectively.


In this paper,a model of thermoelastic thin plate with voids is established based on the theory of thermoelastic materials with voids.An analytic solution of the axisymmetric problem under static state is presented,and expressions of the deflection and voids are obtained with both fixed and simply supported boundary conditions.Numerical computation is carried out.Effects of voids and temperature on the deflection are considered.Influence of thick-radius ratio of plate and temperature on deflection and the change in volume fraction are investigated.


The development and improvement of non-invasive imaging techniques have been increasing in the last decades, due to interests from both academy and industry. Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that offers a vast field of possibilities due to its low cost, portability, and safety of handling. However, EIT image reconstruction is an ill-posed problem. Herein this work we present an EIT reconstruction method based on the optimization of the relative error of reconstruction using genetic algorithms employing elitist strategies. The initial set of solutions used by the elitist genetic algorithm includes a noisy version of the solution obtained from the backprojection algorithm, according to Saha and Bandyopadhyay's criterion for non-blind initial search in optimization algorithms, in order to accelerate convergence and improve performance.


Nonviolent action is activity undertaken to call for, struggle for, or achieve change without using violence. This paper examines St. John XXIII's historic encyclical on world peace, Pacem in terris, and its relationship to nonviolent action. It focuses on two nonviolent actions that contributed to this historic magisterial teaching: John's efforts to foster a resolution to the Cuban Missile Crisis and a fast undertaken by the spiritual activist Lanza del Vasto during Lent 1963. It argues that the very writing of this papal letter was a form of nonviolent action and that it has inspired nonviolent action around the world since it was promulgated, including Catholic leadership in the People Power Revolution in the Philippines.


Ever since the discovery of Bose-Einstein condensation in an atomic Bose gas in 1995, physicists have been searching for its analog, the fermion superfluid in atomic Fermi gases. Fermion superfluids are expected to exhibit quantum phenomena on the macroscopic scale, just as Bose-Einstein condensates do. Making use of a process called Feshbach resonance, which allows the interaction between atoms to be increased strongly, several groups have recently reported evidence on fermion superfluids. In his Perspective, [Ho][1] highlights the report by [ Chin et al .][2], who have directly observed a pairing gap, a key property of a fermion superfluid. Their interpretation is strongly supported by the theoretical calculation of [ Kinnunen et al .][3] Ho argues that the evidence accumulated so far provides an overwhelming case for the realization of fermion superfluids.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/305/5687/1114
 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/305/5687/1128
 [3]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/305/5687/1131


Chapters I and V of the document "Socio-demographic vulnerability: old and new risks for communities, households and individuals" (LC/R.2086), prepared by the Population Division of ECLAC – Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) and presented as a reference document at the twenty-ninth session of the Commission (Brasilia, Brazil, 6-10 May 2002). This document is being published only in electronic format.


This paper describes GrADyS-SIM, a framework for simulating cooperating swarms of UAVs in a joint mission in a hypothetical landscape and communicating through RF radios. The framework was created to aid and verify the communication, coordination, and context-awareness protocols being developed in the GrADyS project. GrADyS-SIM uses the OMNeT++ simulation library and its INET model suite and allows for the addition of modified/customized versions of some simulated components, network configurations, and vehicle coordination to develop new coordination protocols and tested through the framework. The framework simulates UAV movement dictated by a file containing some MAVLink instructions and affected on the fly by different network situations. The UAV swarm's coordination protocol emerges from individual interactions between UAVs and aims to optimize the collection of sensor data over an area. It also allows simulation of some types of failures to test the protocol's adaptability. Every node in the simulation is highly configurable, making testing different network topographies, coordination protocols, node hardware configurations, and more a quick task.


The 13th Annual Asia Pacific Conference on Vision, 2017 The 13th annual Asia Pacific Conference on Vision was held in Tainan, Taiwan. The APCV2017 organizing committees have put together a full and exciting meeting this year with over 161 presentations, including three invited keynote speech, six invited symposia, four self-organized symposia, six oral sessions and three poster sessions. There were 189 researchers from 18 different countries who presented work on a broad range of vision science. The organizing committee thank them all for their contributions. The Abstracts are provided below. Keynote talks are presented first and then the others are listed by session.


The purpose was to reveal the value of separate indications for myocardial revascularization as well as their combinations for choosing invasive or conservative strategy of treatment in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) during 2012–2015 years. Materials and methods . The retrospective data of 1196 patients (mean age: 52.5 ± 8.4 years; 77,0 % men) were analyzed, from the register of patients with stable CAD (2012–2015 years), who had separate indications for myocardial revascularization and their combination. Patients were divided into 2 groups: with an invasive (n = 481 patients without considering the revascularization method) and conservative (n = 715 patients) treatment strategy. Indications for revascularization are taken from the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology 2014. Results. The most common indication for myocardial revascularization was the presence of any coronary stenosis in combination with the limiting angina in the context of optimal medication (88.1 % in the invasive treatment group, 94.3 % in the conservative therapy group, p 50 % + proximal stenosis LAD >50 %+ limiting angina pectoris occurred in 1.5 % of the patients in the invasive treatment group versus 3.8 % with the conservative strategy (p = 0.020). Proximal stenosis LAD >50 % was more common among operated patients (10.6 % vs 4.6 % in the conservative treatment group, p <0.001). Two- and three-vessel lesions + ejection fraction LV <40 % + limiting angina pectoris also occurred more frequently in the invasive treatment group (2.5 % vs 0.6 % in the conservative strategy group, p = 0.006).The remaining indications for myocardial revascularization and their combination were equally common in both groups. Conclusion. The presence of isolated proximal LAD stenosis or multivessel lesion with reduced left ventricular function accompanied with limiting angina was associated with the choice of invasive strategy in patients with stable CAD (data for 2012–2015 years). The lesion LM combined with proximal stenosis LAD and limiting angina pectoris and requiring coronary artery bypass grafting was associated with the choice of a conservative strategy. Almost half of the patients (48.6 %) had revascularization to improve the quality of life.


As part of an effort to shape Federal policy for environmentally sound, sustainable economic development, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy sponsored a workshop in Boise, Idaho on February 1--2, 1995. The Boise Idaho workshop focused on the sustainable use of natural resources, a topic of considerable interest in Idaho. The workshop gave representatives from industry, academia, research, the public, and local and state government an opportunity to provide input to lawmakers and policymakers for establishing a National Environmental Technology Strategy to be issued by Earth Day, 1995.


Consider the set of closed unit cubes whose edges are parallel to the coordinate unit vectors e,,...,e" and whose centers are re., 0 k for every prime divisor p of 2 kn + I, then there is a rational noninteger lattice tiling by crosses and there is an integer nonlattice tiling by crosses. We will illustrate this in the case of a cross with arms of length 2 in 55-dimensional Euclidean space. Throughout, the techniques are algebraic. 1. Definitions. Let S", R, and Z be /i-dimensional Euclidean space, the real number field, and the integer number ring, respectively. Translations of the space belong to the «-dimensional vector space E" over the number field R. Let O be a point in &" and let e,,... ,e" be an orthonormal basis for E". We call the point set


Objective:To study the role of endothelin(ET-1) in development of overtraining-induced acute kidney injury(OTIAKI) and the effects of Anisodamine in exhausted rats.Methods:Fifty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group(CN,n=8),exhaustively swimming(ES,n=32),Anisodamine(AD,n=16).The rats of CN were quiet and not swum.The rats of ES were swum to exhaustion and sacrificed immediately(ESI),6 hour(ES 6 h),12 hour(ES 12 h) and 24 hour(ES 24 h) after exhaustively swimming.The rats of AD received intraperitoneal injection of Anisodamine at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight at 20 minutes before swimming and then were swum to exhaustion.The animal model of overtraining-induced acute kidney injury was established by exhaustively swimming.The contents of plasma and renal tissue ET-1 were measured by the way of radio-immunoanalyzing.The interrelation between the content of ET-1 and the value of serum BUN and Scr was analysed by Pearson method.Results:The levels of serum BUN and Scr increased markedly in ESI rats(P0.05),higher in ES 6 h rats(P0.05),and returned to CN levels in ES 24 h rats.HE staining showed that the morphological changes were slight in ES rats.Radio-immunoanalyzing showed that the levels in plasma and renal tissue ET-1 increased significantly in ESI rats and increased to top levels in ES 6h rats(P0.01),and decreased gradually in ES 12 h to ES 24 h,and returned to CN levels in ES 24h rats.The content of plasma and renal tissue ET-1 had significantly positive correlation with the value of serum BUN and Scr(P0.01).Conclusion:These results suggest that the changes of plasma and renal tissue ET-1 levels could mainly take part in the development of early stage kidney injury in OTIAKI;the pre-treatment with Anisodamine exerts renoprotective effects on overtraining-induced acute kidney injury,probably through the suppression of renal ET-1 overproduction.


Geoscientists and engineers are increasingly using denser arrays for continuous seismic mon9 itoring, and often turning to ambient seismic noise interferometry for low-cost near-surface 10 imaging. While ambient noise interferometry greatly reduces acquisition costs, the com11 putational cost of pair-wise comparisons between all sensors can be prohibitively slow or 12 expensive for applications in engineering and environmental geophysics. Double beam13 forming of noise correlation functions is a powerful technique to extract body waves from 14 ambient noise, but it is typically performed via pair-wise comparisons between all sensors 15 in two dense array patches (scaling as the product of the number of sensors in one patch 16 with the number of sensors in the other patch). By rearranging the operations involved in 17 the double beamforming transform, we propose a new algorithm that scales as the sum of 18 the number of sensors in two array patches. Compared to traditional double beamforming 19 of noise correlation functions, the new method is more scalable, easily parallelized, and does 20


The web perforation is a new formation in the cold-formed thin-walled steel members.The existence of perforation affects buckling characteristic and load capacity of members and makes the design formula different with that of non-perforated members.The tests of middle long cold-formed lipped channel members with one perforation in web and non-perforated members subjected to axial compression were carried out.The two kinds of members have obvious different load-bearing characteristic and the load capacity of the perforated members is reduced.The reasons of difference in behavior of the two kinds of members are discussed through the comparison with test and ANSYS analysis.The experimental results indicate that the ultimate load decreases with increase of perforation size.


[Abstract] With satellite VoIP, we are allowed to use the Internet as a telephone no matter where we are. Satellite communications involve trillions of Gigabytes of data, and organizing these data streams has always been a challenge. For satellite VoIP system, QoS is required much more precision to prevent delays, packet loss, noise, etc in transmission that may disrupt VoIP speech signals. Thus, we are located quickly sorting out the technology necessary for clear satellite VoIP interlocutory service with cable and xDSL Internet providers. Speech packets through the VoIP system during the conversation are responsible for digitizing, encoding, decoding, and playing out the signals with adaptive algorithms for the high quality guaranteed service. An important factor for VoIP-QoS control technique involves the rate control, which is based largely only on network impairments due to the network congestions. The second important point is based on the factor that different parts of speech have different perceptual importance and each part of speech does not contribute equally to the overall voice quality. Our research is focused on removal noise for providing clear VoIP communication with any VoIP system environments such as satellite VoIP, Internet telephone, mobile VoIP, etc. And also, the proposed noise reduction techniques are used to a wide range of applications such as communication, automatic speech recognition, and sound source localization systems. In this paper, we propose the methods of noise reduction on interlocutory signal to provide high quality service in any environmental noises. For noise reduction, we propose a Wiener Filter optimized to the estimated SNR of noisy speech for speech enhancement. Various noisy conditions including White Gaussian, office, and babble noises are considered. Then, the proposed algorithm and method with analysis of noise with interlocutory signal is clearly proved with better performance results than others methods, IS-127 EVRC and ETSI. The development of the proposed effective noise reduction algorithms with interlocutory signal will make satellite Internet service even more competitive.


this paper aims to provide a thorough analysis on the application of TRIZ in handling the increasing trend of electronic waste globally. TRIZ tools such as engineering systems analysis, function analysis, cause and effect chain analysis and contraction matrix are applied in order to discover some feasible and elegant solutions to alleviate global e-waste problem. Findings revealed that the e-waste problem is caused by the improving lifestyle, rapid technology advancement versus ineffective recycling management. The root causes and contradictions are solved by applying contradiction matrix, and inventive principles are suggested, i.e., local quality, the other way around, phase transitions and preliminary actions. Therefore, it can be concluded that TRIZ is a powerful tool in inventive problem


Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) and chip multiprocessing (CMP) both allow a chip to achieve greater throughput, but their relative energy-efficiency and thermal properties are still poorly understood. This paper uses Turandot, PowerTimer, and HotSpot to explore this design space for a POWER4/POWER5-like core. For an equal-area comparison with this style of core, we find CMP to be superior in terms of performance and energy-efficiency for CPU-bound benchmarks, but SMT to be superior for memory-bound benchmarks due to a larger L2 cache. Although both exhibit similar peak operating temperatures and thermal management overheads, the mechanism by which SMT and CMP heat up are quite different. More specifically, SMT heating is primarily caused by localized heating in certain key structures, CMP heating is mainly caused by the global impact of increased energy output. Because of this difference in heat up mechanism, we found that the best thermal management technique is also different for SMT and CMP Indeed, non-DVS localized thermal-management can outperform DVS for SMT. Finally, we show that CMP and SMT scales differently as the contribution of leakage power grows, with CMP suffering from higher leakage due to the second core's higher temperature and the exponential temperature-dependence of subthreshold leakage.


We collect and generalize the factors impacting urban rail transit traction energy consumption.We further get a more comprehensive factor system.We also establish a physical model of traction energy consumption with daily variable factors as varibles.We further establish a multiple linear regression statistical model.The model is applied to the prediction of traction energy consumption of Beijing Metro Line 2.Results indicate that the model can predict traction energy consumption with higher accuracy.The model also has good explanation and prediction capability.


One of the effective strenght in islamic basic school management and has an important role and great responsibility in improving teacher performance is the leadership of the headmaster and work of the teacher motivation. The principle of leadership is the behavior of the headmaster who is able to initiate new thoughts in interaction process on the islamic basic school by making changes or adjusting the goals, vision, and mission of the islamic basic school. Leadership behavior is a specific behavior of a leader in directed coordination and improving teacher performance. The motivated work on the teacher has different strengths, so the most powerful motive is the motived which is the main reason for behavior. Thus it can be seen that motivation can be sourced from within the teacher itself (internal / intrinsic motivation) and can also come from outside the teacher(external / extrinsic).
 This research discused the problems, among others: how are principals' leadership behaviors, teacher's work motivation, and teacher's performance in Bulakamba district, Brebes Regency? Is there influence of the principal's leadership behavior on teacher performance? Is there any influence on teacher's work motivation on teacher's performance? What does principals' leadership behavior and teacher's work motivation simultaneously influence teacher performance?
 This research used quantitative research. The data collection method used questionnaire. Data was collected from 69 respondents, namely Basic Islamic school in Bulakamba District, Brebes Regency. The data analysis method used linear regression.
 From the results of the research, respondents answers regarding the principals' leadership behaviors of 78.70% was in the good category, the teacher's work motivation of 80.01% was in the excellent category, and the teacher's performance was 80.01% in the 78.56% category well. There is an influence of leadership's behavior on teacher's performance with a contribution of 55.0%. There is an effect of work motivation on teacher's performance with a contribution of 44.1%. And there is the influence of leadership behavior and work motivation simultaneously with a contribution of 80,4%


A review of Statistical Analysis of fMRI Data. By F. Gregory Ashby. Cambridge (Massachusetts): MIT Press. $45.00. xv 332 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-0-262-01504-2. 2011. Handbook of Functional MRI Data Analysis. By Russell A. Poldrack, Jeanette A. Mumford, and Thomas E. Nichols. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. $80.00. x 228 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-0-521-51766-9. 2011. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has already gained a couple of distinctions. First, it is the most often currently used method to study the relations between brain and behavior and, second, at the same time, it is the least scrutinized statistically and mostly takenfor-granted method for fairly complicated investigations. This combination is a recipe for trouble. Three main factors have contributed to this state of affairs. First, fMRI can be easily applied anywhere in the world, given the ubiquitous availability of MRI instruments that can run echo-planar imaging sequences, the hallmark of fMRI. Second, software packages have been developed (e.g., SPM, FSL, AFNI, BrainVoyager) that allow for a cookbook-type analysis of the data without requiring a solid understanding by the investigator of what exactly is being done. Third, there has been a lamentable growing trend among scientific journals to downplay the Methods section of a paper in general, and the detailed explication of statistical analyses in particular, as evidenced by: the pushing of the Methods section to the end of the paper; frequently publishing it in small print; or eliminating it altogether from the main text and allocating it to "Supplementary Material" (Georgopoulos and Karageorgiou 2008). Unfortunately, this demise of methodology has gone hand in hand with the implicit and uncritical acceptance of statements on methodology that are practically empty, uninformative, and useless for any critical evaluation of the results presented and inferences drawn from them. For example, it is common to read in the Methods section of a fMRI paper that "the data were analyzed using SPM5 [or any other package for that matter]," without any details of what was exactly done, and this has become unfortunately an acceptable editorial/ review practice in practically any journal. The problem lies not necessarily with the particular fMRI software analysis package, but with the fact that any such package can be used inappropriately, in the same sense that any statistical test can be applied inappropriately


This paper corrects and remarks on statistical interpretations of the semilogarithmic loss function introduced for solving positive inverse problems. In this paper, we modify the original statistical model such that the minimization of the semilogarithmic loss function matches the maximum likelihood method. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the induced error distributions from the semilogarithmic loss function are novel. Another correction to the original paper regarding variable transformation is also included.


Non-motile, polarized epithelial cells are embedded via cell-cell junctions in a tissue environment. The tumor induced conversion to into individual, non-polarized, motile and invasive mesenchymal cancer cells dissolves cell-cell junctions. The metastatic potential of a tumor cell can therefore be characterized by morphological changes as well as the cell motility. Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) provides label-free investigation of living cells by minimized interaction with the sample. The analysis of QPM images enables the determination of morphological cell parameters like cell thickness and elongation and facilitates single cell tracking for migration analysis. To demonstrate the potential of QPM in determining the metastatic potential of cells, we analyzed pancreatic tumor cell lines utilizing digital holographic microscopy (DHM) in an off-axis Mach-Zehnder configuration. Since the cell lines were supposed to differ in their metastatic potential, complementary investigations with a common transwell migration assay (Boyden chamber assay) were performed. The morphological analysis of the different cell lines via QPM in combination with image segmentation-based evaluation of the retrieved quantitative phase images showed that cells with a high metastatic potential had a lower cell thickness and a higher elongation than cells with a low metastatic potential. Moreover, computer assisted tracking of single cells over a period of 12 hours showed that highly metastatic cells covered a longer distance and had a higher motility compared to cells with a low metastatic potential. In summary, we demonstrate the multi-functional potential of QPM in cancer cell research applications and in quantifying the metastatic potential of tumor cells.


Instructions: Figure out the problem in the story. In the top box, draw a picture to illustrate the problem or write two to three sentences to describe it. Then figure out the solution to the problem in the story. In the bottom box, draw a picture to illustrate the solution or write two to three sentences to describe it.


We conducted an anonymised Survey Monkey asking healthcare professionals in East of England questions relating to asthma management. Fifty-four respondents included seven consultant paediatricians, 13 general practice trainees, 26 paediatric trainees and seven nurse practitioners and foundation trainees. We report a lack of knowledge, and conclude that if the National Review of Asthma Deaths (NRAD)1 recommendations are to be achieved, there is an urgent need for basic asthma education.

Questions included: 'Do infants not respond to β2 agonists because they do not have β2 receptors?', …


Abstract Liquid crystal polymers are reported in which the mesogen moiety has a truly linear structure, based on the diphenylacetylene (tolan) unit. The synthesis of a series of such polymers is described, and the properties of the products are discussed.


For the last thirty years, theater has been used by scholars, government agents, and NGOs to foster development in Africa. Though the dreams have not always yielded expected results, Theater for Development has entered the daily life of many in rural and urban Africa, because of its promise as a self-improvement tool in oppressive contexts. These two monographs by John Tiku Takem and Emelda Ngufor Samba raise questions about who the practitioners of theater for social change should be and how far they can effect genuine change. While the first focuses on deforestation and forest preservation issues in Cameroon, the other centers on women as the objects and subjects of Theater for Development. Theatre and Environmental Education in Cameroon does not cover the whole


Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens. It has significant economic importance due to mortalities and the decrease in egg production. In this study, twenty nine samples from different layer farms were collected from the outbreaks that occurred in waset province, Iraq, at the period from November 2021 till March 2022 to detect ILTV by molecular test through real time polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR) as well as isolation on embryonated chicken eggs through chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) route. The clinical signs examination of infected birds revealed extend head with expectoration of bloody mucous, gasping with weeping eye (watery eye). Gross pathological lesions examination revealed catarrhal, caseated, fibrinonecrotic, hemorrhagic tracheitis. The RT-PCR revealed amplification specific for glycoprotein G gene of ILT virus. Preparation and Inoculation of tissue samples which giving positive results with RT-PCR on embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) appeared as white pock lesions on the inoculated CAM from the second passage.


A novel wideband inverted Sinc shaped printed monopole antenna is proposed for wireless devices. The proposed configuration not only realizes the monopole antenna in compact form but also depicts good radiation characteristics at the operating band (2855-5081 MHz). The proposed monopole antenna provides a wide frequency band of about 56% for wireless operation. A detailed parametric study has been carried out for different size of the ground plane and feed gap. Finally a prototype model is developed for the most effective configuration and the simulated results are validated experimentally. It is seen that the proposed antenna occupies small area and is suitable for operation at radio navigation, space research, amateur radio, aviation, public safety mobile, fixed mobile and fixed satellite communication frequencies.


Abstract : Information Systems Sector Activities: Information and Knowledge Management, Human Factor Engineering and Decision Support Systems, Command and Control Information Systems, Performance and Experimentation, Simulation, Modeling, Acquisition, Rehearsal, Requirements and Training.


In view of the large amount of literature on migration it was the aim of the author to order and integrate the many lines of inquiry. This aim has been realized as far as regards the literature recently published in North America. Though some relevant studies from other continents are mentioned in the bibliography as well it is a pity that the author neglects many relevant publications on the most recent migration flows in other continents: e.g. European migration with its theoretical and factual interesting social, economic, cultural aspects, in many ways different from the movements in the same category as in North America. In the first part of his study the author says that it is an "intellectual adventure guided by a sociologist with a theoretical framework". However, this is done with a rather limited knowledge of the demographic and other inter-disciplinary characteristics of migration movements which influenced sociological approaches and shortcomings in many sociological publications. In seven chapters the author deals with the need to establish a theoretical perspective. He discusses short and clear the selectivity and age, sex, educational, occupational and other differentials, spatial aspects, economic studies, motivation, probabilistic and stochastic approaches and last but not least in chapter VII he sums up directives for further research. Seen the many aspects mentioned on 140 pages, the author has certainly undertaken an "intellectual adventure". The subdivision in so many chapters and subdivisions is acceptable as in the immensely complex field of migration there is not only one analysis the definite one. It is true that there is a surprising lack of theory of migration in all fields of social sciences and the author is correct in stating this, however, there is also an enormous knowledge spread in the relevant literature, but only some of the various facets of migration could be after examination by the author rubricated under a general head "migration theory." This aim to underline the need for more theory thus may be supported, especially as today the world is much more in favour of full utilization of its natural resources and here a better distribution of human population may be placed in the foreground. The author formulates the political importance of migration as follows: "policy makers have become increasingly aware of the role of migration in balanced economic growth and the innumerable social, psychological and political ramifications of present and projectedpattems of population redistribution". This is a rather optimistic point of view, as one of the points of departure for a systematic answer to the questions involved is the closing of the gap between policy makers on the one side and the outcome of research and studies and the experience of the practitioners in the field on the other side, and moreover the migrant himself who should be seen in the very centre of it. The work done for this interesting study culminates in pulling together some of the generally assessed and proven regularities concerning characteristics of migration. The author indicates 20 guidelines for further research (see above) based on his review. He is able to point out a variety of influences which appear to condition the "who's" and "why's" of contemporary migration phenomena. Another and major conclusion of his review is that the slow process of interrelating the most consistent influences in the "who's" and "why's" of migration towards probing the underlying structural and behavioural de-


Background: Bortezomib, a proteasome-specific inhibitor, has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic agent. However, development of resistance to bortezomib may pose a challenge to effective anticancer therapy. Therefore, characterization of cellular mechanisms involved in bortezomib resistance and development of effective strategies to overcome this resistance represent important steps in the advancement of bortezomib-mediated cancer therapy. Results: The present study reports the development of I-45-BTZ-R, a bortezomib-resistant cell line, from the bortezomib-sensitive mesothelioma cell line I-45. I-45-BTZ-R cells showed no cross-resistance to the chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin. Moreover, the bortezomib-adapted I-45-BTZ-R cells had decreased growth kinemics and did not over express proteasome subunit β5 (PSMB5) as compared to parental I-45 cells. I-45-BTZ-R cells and parental I-45 cells showed similar inhibition of proteasome activity, but I-45-BTZ-R cells exhibited much less accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins following exposure to 40 nm bortezomib. Further studies revealed that relatively low doses of bortezomib did not induce an unfolded protein response (UPR) in the bortezomib-adapted cells, while higher doses induced UPR with concomitant cell death, as evidenced by higher expression of the mitochondrial chaperone protein Bip and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related pro-apoptotic protein CHOP. In addition, bortezomib exposure did not induce the accumulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins p53, Mcl-1S, and noxa in the bortezomib-adapted cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that UPR evasion, together with reduced pro-apoptotic gene induction, accounts for bortezomib resistance in the bortezomib-adapted mesothelioma cell line I-45-BTZ-R. Background The 26S proteasome is a multi-subunit enzymatic complex composed of a barrel-shaped 20S core region with catalytic activity adjacent to a 19S regulatory complex [1]. Recent investigations have revealed that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway plays a key role in regulating the homeostasis of cellular proteins involved in cell cycle regulation , cell survival, and apoptosis. Therapeutic targeting of the proteasome pathway with the specific inhibitor bortezomib has been successful in selectively inducing apoptosis in mesothelioma and a variety of other human cancer cells, with tolerable toxicity to normal cells and tissues [2-4]. Importantly, bortezomib has received US FDA approval for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and mantle cell lymphoma [5].


The  aim  of  the  text  is  to  reflect  on  a  common  problem  in  criticism  of contemporary poetry: automatic and uncritical use of some vague terms and concepts, which have no real power of evaluation or even description.


Neurodegenerative diseases, for instance mutliple sclerosis (MS) or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by a progressive degradation of the myelin sheath. Myelin is an insulation around an axon and enhances signal transmission speed. The loss of myelin hinders the signal propagation and is therefore associated with many cognitive and physical impairments. Specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques enable to image myelin in-vivo. By fitting a biophysical
model to the measured signal, it is possible to relate properties of white matter to the observed MR signal.
The magnetic susceptibility of myelin affects both the magnitude and phase of the Gradient Recalled Echo (GRE) signal. Therefore, studying the signal using realistic
models of white matter (WM) microstructure could provide insights into some of its properties and eventually, support to study diseases that are characterized by
degradation of myelin sheath. Multi-compartment (intra-axonal, extra-axonal, myelin sheath) 2D models of white matter based on electron microscopy (EM) data have been used in the past to, combined with magnetic susceptibility of the myelin and its orientation in respect to the static magnetic field, simulate the MR signal. Unfortunately, 2D models could have several limitations: they lack the ability to incorporate fibers' orientation dispersion and the shape of axons might be unrealistically elongated and therefore, could not depict the real 3D case accurately. This thesis investigated how accurately the realistic 2D WM models, based on real axon shapes, simulate the GRE signal when compared to a more realistic 3D model. Therefore, a 3D model based on 3D electron microscopy data of white matter was developed. This model enables to simulate the GRE signal with respect to myelin's microstructure in 3D. The comparison between the developed 3D model and the already available 2D model revealed that the 2D model accurately simulates the GRE signal. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that fibers' orientation dispersion influence the simulated signal.


BACKGROUND
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) alters the presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but it remains unclear whether alterations occur at a CD4 cell threshold or throughout HIV infection.

OBJECTIVE
To better understand the relationship between CD4 count and clinical and radiographic presentation of PTB.

SETTING AND DESIGN
Initial presentations of culture-confirmed PTB patients evaluated at a Ugandan national TB referral center and an affiliated research unit were compared by HIV status and across 11 CD4 cell count strata: 0-50 to >500 cells/μl.

RESULTS
A total of 873 HIV-infected PTB cases were identified. Among HIV-infected PTB cases with CD4 < 50, 21% had a normal chest X-ray (CXR) vs. 2% with CD4 > 500, with a continuous trend across CD4 strata (test for trend, P < 0.001). All radiographic manifestations of PTB displayed significant trends across CD4 strata. HIV-infected vs. non-HIV-infected patients had no significant difference in CXR findings of miliary patterns or pleural effusion at CD4 > 100, normal CXR or fibrosis at CD4 > 150, adenopathy at CD4 > 250, and cavitation or upper lung disease at CD4 > 300. Twenty-three per cent of co-infected cases with CD4 < 50 and 1% with CD4 > 500 had negative acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smears, with a significant trend between (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Variations in CXR appearance and AFB smear correlate with CD4 decline in significant, continuous trends.


The phenomenon of protein aggregation capture (PAC) on a wide range of different microparticles is described. Exploiting this mechanism enables generation of clean peptide mixtures from cell lines, tissues, and protein pulldowns for proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and secretomics analysis. The findings vastly increase the accessibility of the method that may ultimately lead to low cost and automated proteomics workflows. Graphical Abstract Highlights Insoluble protein aggregates preferentially precipitate on microparticles. The protein aggregation capture (PAC) occurs irrespective of microparticle surface chemistry. This process can be exploited for multi-purpose proteomics sample preparation. Facilitates potential for low cost, efficient and high-sensitivity proteomics workflows. Universal proteomics sample preparation is challenging because of the high heterogeneity of biological samples. Here we describe a novel mechanism that exploits the inherent instability of denatured proteins for nonspecific immobilization on microparticles by protein aggregation capture. To demonstrate the general applicability of this mechanism, we analyzed phosphoproteomes, tissue proteomes, and interaction proteomes as well as dilute secretomes. The findings present a practical, sensitive and cost-effective proteomics sample preparation method.


ABSTRACT Although there is no generally agreed upon definition of the term age friendly, almost all definitions share the same health related goals. Menec et. al. offered a conceptual framework defining age friendly as efforts to increase connectivity. Our analysis was designed to test the hypothesis that targets of many age friendly efforts (food, housing, transportation and social capital) are associated with these health outcomes. We discovered that the two areas associated with increasing connectivity, transportation and social capital, were associated with the age-friendly health related goals. We conclude that Menec's framework provides a useful way of defining age friendly interventions.


In a recent ruling, a Nigerian High Court ordered that proceedings brought before the court, by a student who was aggrieved by his impeachment from the position of President of the Students' Union of the, University of Nigeria, be stayed pending the determination of the dispute by the Judicial Council of the Union. This article considers the legal basis for this ruling and argues that the court has in effect determined that the student courts that operate in a number of Nigerian higher-institutions enjoy the status of arbitral tribunals under Nigerian law. 'The article also argues that, if the first argument is correct, one consequence would be that legal practitioners may be able to contribute to the decongestion of the regular courts by a more frequent use of the power of the High Court to stay its proceedings and thus encourage the use of student courts to settle intra-union disputes.


ABSTRACT Apart from communication services in homes,orchestrating utility buildings with PLC-technology provides a natural means forextending the scope of installation control andenergy management systems. Implementationof this technology for establishing micro-networks in buildings and for enhancing thescope of building management systems usinglast-mile access to the Internet generates apromising application area.The SMART-project focuses on disclosingthis wealth of additional information as asource for an extra level of optimisation of theoperational strategy of these software systems.The SMART project has the aim to show hownew smart building services, such asoptimisation for energy efficiency andindividual comfort management, are possibleon the basis of software agent-mediatedelectronic marketplaces. Further aim is toshow how the communication andcomputation possibilities using the Internetand PLC can be mobilised to decrease energyconsumption and cost significantly in a real-time energy-pricing environment and howmore frequent feedback and new feedbackmechanisms add an extra contribution to thisgoal . In the ISPLC-2001 conference [1] thesubject of what added value can be attributedto Power-Line Communication services inmanaging energy consumption in buildingswas dealt with. In the present paper, the firstresults of applying these services in a multi-disciplinary, real world, field-test context arepresented. The viewpoints discussed are thehardware and software applicationarchitectural and computational aspects of aSEBOS (Smart Enhanced scope BuildingOptimiser Shell)-shell that yields informationto existing building management and controlsystems. Critical, non-technical, successfactors in optimally designing the interfaces ofthis shell to the building user community areimportant aspects in the SMART-project andare also discussed.


This paper presents a high dynamic range imaging sensor for detection of low light level signals. The sensor utilises a 12x12 array of large 150μm x 150μm pixels. The readout circuitry allows for multiple readout options including; multiple sampling (which allows for techniques such as Correlated Double Sampling (CDS)) and Time to Digital Conversion (TDC) techniques, operated both independently and under the same integration period. Scope for test patterns is also present in the design. All samples taken from the pixels before during and after exposure are converted digitally through the use of a single slope ADC utilising a 10 bit DAC and a comparator. No sample and hold capacitor is present. 4x10 bit SRAMs (Static Random Access Memory) per pixel are utilised to record multiple samples, or act as a counter for the TDC mode of operation. The large dynamic range of the system is attributable to both the novel timing system implemented within the multiple sampling mode of operation and the TDC mode of operation (operated independently or intermittently within the same integration time), which combines the use of 4x10 bit SRAMs with the 10 bit DAC to produce a counter capable of monitoring the pixel signal over extremely long integration times; in this case up to 30 seconds.


Carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based membranes combine the promising properties of CNTs with the advantages of membrane separation technologies, offering enhanced membrane performance in terms of permeability and selectivity. This review looks at the existing membrane architectures based on CNTs and their main advantages and disadvantages for water treatment applications. The different types of CNT‐based membranes that are reported in the literature are highlighted, as well as their corresponding fabrication methods. Available methodologies for tailoring the final membrane properties and behavior are thoroughly discussed, making special emphasis in chemical modification of the CNT surface. Finally, the most common applications of CNT‐based membranes in water treatment are reviewed, including seawater or brine desalination, oil–water separation, removal of heavy metals, and organic pollutants. The main limitations and perspectives of CNT‐based membranes are also briefly outlined.


Since 2000,the integration of six courses,including anatomy,histology and embryology,physiology,pathophysiology,pathology and pharmacology,has been organized.And the teaching reform in the curriculum for the medical students has been carried out.The principle of the reform is 'from macroscopic view to microscopic view,from morphology to function,from normality to abnormality and from malady to therapy'.In the new integrated course of preclinical medical sciences,the systematism of the knowledge in preclinical medical sciences is emphasized in order to facilitate the problem-based learning of medical contents in the future semesters.


Forensic neuropsychology derived from clinical neuropsychology. This area not only relies on neuropsychological approach and practice and principals of brain structure and functions, but also on the contribution of diagnostic methods of brain visualization (neuroimaging). In the last decade, large number of books that deal with this topic has been published, mostly by American authors, just as a Journal of Forensic Neuropsychology dedicated to this field has started issuing. There are more and more demands in the world from judges and lawyers that neuropsychologists should provide services of quantifying and evaluating the severeness of cognitive deficits of respondents. In most cases, it is being asked of neuropsychologist to provide expertise based on clinical observation and results of neuropsychological examinations about the connection of individual cognitive functioning and behavior and special brain localization, as well as to provide the evaluation of the level of cognitive impairments. Unfortunately, official educational and training program in this field doesn't exist in Serbia, so a specific licence is not required. Also, there is a lack of professional organization that would gather forensic neuropsychologists. Practitioners that firstly obtained the status of graduated psychologists and then were educated in the field of clinical neuropsychology are the ones who deal with this area. In our country the role of forensic neuropsychologist is still not recognised enough, just as the possible significance these experts might have in judicial processes isn't. Topics that are being most focused on in the scope of forensic neuropsychology are ethical questions, the evaluation of validity of symptoms with special emphasis on evaluating effort that is being put on examination and the precense of potential malingering, There are significant differences between clinical and forensic neuropsychology. Clinical neuropsychology determines the presence of impairment in cognitive functioning, while the main goal of forensic neuropsychology is to provide answers to the legal questions. That key difference between goals leads to different presumptions, roles, alliances and methods. The results of clinical and forensic examinations are demanded and used by different scientists. Clincal evaluation is mostly demanded by experts who deal with treating and rehabilitating people with neuropsychological impairments or brain injuries, while forensic evaluation is being demanded and used by legal institutions. Efficient use of neuropsychological principles as an answer on forensic questions requires clinical skills, critical thinking and close connection to the scientific principles. With double focus on clinical psychology and neurology, neuropsychologists can contribute to the legal system not only by their understanding of neuroanathomy and neuropathology, but also with their capability to objectively document how neuropathological conditions affect thinking, memory and decision making process, which is, by far, the most important.


Reaction of [(Me3Si)2N]2V(THF)Cl with KH led to the formation of the dinuclear {[(Me3Si)2N]2V[N(SiMe3)SiMe2CH2]}{K(THF)2}2 (1), whose structure was determined by X-ray analysis. The dinuclear framework is held together via K−H agostic interactions.


This paper presents the design of a focusing dielectric lens, which is described by a so-called Cartesian oval. The mathematical model of Cartesian ovals is introduced briefly. Next, a physical optics (PO) approach for the simulation of the electric field outside of the antenna is presented. Simulation results at 80 GHz are shown. The agreement between a full wave reference method and the proposed method is good, especially in the focal region. The simulation time is decreased significantly by the asymptotic PO approach compared to the finite integration technique. Eventually, a lens design is optimized with the PO to achieve the desired focal point.


Little Ice Age moraines at Athabasca and Dome glaciers, Alberta, Canada, were dated using dendrogeomorphic techniques and old photographs. Ice-scarred or tilted trees provide precise dates for the ...


Confucianism exerted tremendous influence on all spheres of traditional Korean education. The Chosŏn dynasty rulers set out to enlighten the...


We developed a method that allows for real‐time assessment of cellular metabolism in isolated, intact long skeletal muscle fibre bundles from adult mice. This method can be used to study changes in mitochondrial function and fuel utilisation in live skeletal muscle fibre bundles. Our method enables flexibility in experimental design and high‐throughput assessment of mitochondrial parameters in isolated skeletal muscle fibre bundles. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) fibre bundles obtained from chronic high‐fat diet fed mice had lower basal oxygen consumption under FCCP‐induced maximal respiration, when compared to control chow‐fed mice. EDL fibre bundles obtained from chronic high‐fat diet fed mice had enhanced mitochondrial oxidation capacity under FCCP‐induced maximal respiration, when compared to control chow‐fed mice.


Abstract A new concept, ' path polynomial ' of a graph, has been introduced in this paper and it has been shown how this concept can be efficiently utilized to compute the characteristic polynomial of a graph and the corresponding eigenvalues and the eigenvectors of the graph. Some results have also been developed to compute directly the eigen values and eigenvectors of some special families of graphs from the knowledge of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of smaller subgraphs.


Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted resorcinol was prepared by a sequential process.Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by UV photo-grafting.Secondly, the carboxylic groups in poly(acrylic acid) chains were transferred to acyl chloride groups by the reaction of carboxylic groups with thionyl chloride.The stability of acyl chloride groups in several solvents(alcohol, water, acetone, aqueous NaOH and in N_2 atmosphere) was investigated, and N_2 atmosphere and acetone were appropriate media to protect acyl chloride groups from side reaction.Finally, resorcinol monomer reacted with acyl chloride to append to the poly(acrylic acid)chains at room temperature.FT-IR-ATR was used to characterize the change of carbonyl groups during each step of the grafting process.Furthermore, by the experimental data of gravimetric analysis the grafted resorcinol monomer on the surface of low density polyethylene film was verified to have undergone condensation with acetone further in the resorcinol/acetone solution at 56℃, which might be a useful feature for synthesizing a thermoplastic/thermosetting composition.


Active noise control (ANC) is one of noise reduction techniques based on the acoustic wave superposition. When an anti-noise wave with the same amplitude and opposite phase of the noise wave is generated from the secondary source, the sound pressure level of the unwanted acoustic noise can be reduced at the desired location, where an error microphone is placed to monitor the error signal and make the whole system a closed-loop control problem. The virtual sensing (VS) techniques are developed for the situation when the error microphone cannot be placed at the desired location due to the application constraint or physical limitation. In this paper, we compare two virtual sensing techniques for reducing the broadband noise. They are the remote microphone (RM) method and the auxiliary filter based virtual sensing (AF-VS) method. The former estimates the transfer function from an error microphone location to the desired location, which has been validated to reduce the narrowband noise effectively. The latter preserves the information about the optimal noise control filter that can achieve the maximum noise reduction at the desired location. The experiment results demonstrate that the AF - VS method has more superior advantages for broadband noise reduction at the desired location than the RM method and has no limitations on the geometrical relationship between the error microphone location and the desired location


By using the methods of literature,interview,questionnaire and data analysis,the Physical Education teachers,including 95 professional and unprofessional teachers from 79 special education schools in Hei Longjiang Province,have been investigated about their working situation.The research shows the teachers are too old and the specializalion degree of physical teaching staff is not high.The special physical education teachers take a positive attitude to the work.They are confident.They are eager to master more physical training skills and the knowledge of treating and preventing disability.the physical education teachers hope that the higher levelwill pay more attention to the physical education and try to improve the meterial conditions of the physical education.


An improved atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) process was developed for use in a waterborne miniemulsion system. To conduct a successful ATRP in a heterogeneous waterborne system, it is of great importance to ensure control over the polymerization process while preserving colloidal stability. Efforts devoted to optimization of reaction conditions and improvement in the overall productivity of the process allowed the development of a novel, practical initiation system for ATRP suitable for use in a miniemulsion procedure that can provide copolymers of well-defined composition (e.g., block copolymers) and topologies (e.g., multiarm polymer).


This paper presents research on a convenience sample of the Open University of Sri Lanka's engineering faculty. Examined in this research are faculty's opinions on the instructional strategies they use to teach engineering courses at a distance. First, this paper details the pedagogical strategies used by the faculty, which is then followed by an overview of faculty's opinions on the strengths and weaknesses of engineering courses offered by the Open University of Sri Lanka. Recommendations are given to improve the overall effectiveness of the engineering courses. It is anticipated the adoption of these recommendations will result in greater student competency and lower drop-out rates.


Abstract This paper elaborated an approach to develop a system that predicts forest fires with accuracy. The paper presents a novel approach in providing prediction of a forest fire with easy accessibility of a user-friendly web app. With the help of the IBM Python Flask service, a FWI system is developed to help in the prediction of forest fires. IBM Auto-AI service has been used to predict the onset of forest fire and present useful information. The prediction results are displayed in a web app deployed on the IBM cloud. This system is expected to help with the growing concerns over forest fire and reduce the impact of the disaster as much as possible.


A number of large lead musket shot have been found in the Pope's fort site at historic St. Mary's City in Maryland. These collected shot have been dated to the period from 1645 to 1655 by Dr. Henry Miller. One of these musket shot has an interesting flattened configuration and appears as if it hit a very solid object. The impact surface has been examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrophotometry (EDS). The results of these examinations have been compared with examinations of bone and an oyster shell of the same age found at the site. The findings are consistent with the impact site containing sand and probably also bone.


Energetic salts of the 5,5'-azotetrazolate anion with different guandidinium cations were investigated, including bis(guanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (GZT), bis(aminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (AGZT), bis(aminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate monohydrate (AGZTH), bis(diaminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (DAGZT), bis(triaminoguanidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (TAGZT), and bis(azidoformamidinium) 5,5'-azotetrazolate (AFZT). AGZT was obtained according to the literature as the monohydrate (AGZTH), and DAGZT was synthesized for the first time. All salts were fully characterized by vibrational spectroscopy (IR, Raman), multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Safety testing (impact and friction sensitivity) was performed to find safe handling procedures. The crystal structures of AFZT and AGZTH, which crystallize in the monoclinic space groups P21/n and C2/c, were determined. The thermal decomposition of the salts was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry, and the gaseous product...


ABSTRACT During the Eocene in the Corbières–Minervois foreland basin, southern France, there was a transition from marine carbonate to fluvial–lacustrine sedimentation. This evolution took place in six depositional sequences, the first controlled by a eustatic rise or flexural downwarping, then following under compressive tectonic conditions. The second to the fourth sequences show marine to marshy, mainly carbonate sediments with a transgressive–regressive evolution, while the last two comprise terrigenous and carbonate continental sediments. The tectonic evolution is marked by blind fault‐propagation folds which deformed the basin during the Ilerdian–Cuisian. A paroxysmal compressive tectonic phase occurred at the Bartonian when the ancient blind thrusts started to emerge. A model for the evolution of the basin is presented, involving the northward propagation of structural culminations, which focused shallow water or emergent conditions, and structural lows in which deeper water sedimentation took place. The diachronous migration of these structural zones can be constrained from the high biostratigraphic resolution of the foreland basin fill.


As the necessity for teams to implement different innovations is prominent, the study addresses the question of the effect of team autonomy on teams' innovation implementation. Team autonomy is usually considered as a beneficial job characteristic but it is still unclear whether it aligns with the necessity to make teams implement new technologies, work methods or other innovations. We argue for a positive effect of team autonomy on teams' innovation implementation through the process of team learning. The results from a sample of 61 work teams (414 employees- 61 team leaders and 353 team members) from different organizations support our hypotheses. The results indicate that team autonomy facilitates team learning, that team learning facilitates team implementation, and that team autonomy positively affects team innovation via team learning.


Sylvia Coates explores the potentially fraught matter of how to handle author citations in the index, looking first at the extensive guidelines followed by US publishers, and then briefly consideri...


The Payload Operations Integration Center (POIC) at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) supports planning, coordination and scheduling of science activities for the International Space Station (ISS) in coordination with other NASA centers, international partners, and payload developers. The ability to efficiently plan and re-plan in response to change is critical to the flight planning teams. With the achievement of supporting a fourth crew member aboard the ISS and an increasing amount of payload science activities, came the need for a dynamic, more efficient way of building timeline planning reports that could be readily updated as fast as payload science plans could change. This paper addresses software architecture considerations in the successful cross-center development of an automated planning tool with multiple data sources. It also discusses the practical implementation of a time-boxed, hybrid Agile Software Development (ASD) approach to deliver customer-driven value despite changing requirements with respect to low-Earth orbit operational planning activities. The goal of this paper is to open discussion with members of the international community and trade effective strategies for cross-center architectural and customer-developer driven collaborations, to support increasing utilization of planning and conducting science activities in space.


Abstract In the Spring of 2007, a group of highly motivated mathematics graduate students conducted a review of Duke's Calculus curriculum. They focused on two main problems. The first problem is the result of a very positive trend: a growing number of students are earning AP credit for Calculus I in high school. However, this results in Calculus II classes with two very different groups of students, i.e., freshmen and upperclassmen. It is difficult to construct a Calculus II course that caters to the disparate needs of these two groups of students. The second problem is that Duke's Department of Mathematics has been unable to come to a consensus over the debate between Reform Calculus and Traditional Calculus. Members of the department finally settled on a compromise. Two Calculus II courses are currently offered: (1) a Laboratory Calculus course that contains many elements of Reform Calculus and (2) a more traditional course. This presents a confusing choice to incoming students. The graduate student committee carefully crafted a Calculus II course that would hopefully solve both these problems. We will present these problems and the proposed solution in more detail. We will also discuss our experience with running experimental sections of this course and its future in the Duke mathematics curriculum. This article may be of interest to faculty or graduate students who want to take a hard look at the courses at their own institutions, especially if faced with a growing number of students who enroll with AP Calculus credit.


Introduction: The Solar Wind Composition experiment (SWC) determined the elemental abundances and isotopic compositions of He, Ne, and Ar in Al (and Pt) foils exposed to the SW on the lunar surface during the Apollo missions [1, 2]. These data can now be compared with those obtained by the Genesis mission [3-6]. Both missions collected SW a few years after the activity maximum of their respective solar cycle (Fig. 1). The various SWC foils collected SW only during hours to days and therefore contain much less noble gas than the Genesis bulk SW targets, which were exposed for about 2.3 years. However, SWC foils were exposed during five different time intervals over a period of 3 years and might thus reveal short-term compositional differences averaged out in Genesis targets. In fact, SWC data indicate a correlated variability between He/He and He/Ne [2] (Fig. 2). .


The primary types (holotypes, lectotypes, and syntypes) of the Diptera family Scathophagidae housed in the Museum fur Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin and Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Muncheberg, both in Germany, are revised. 50 species of Scathophagidae are enumerated. The species are listed alphabetically, and the account concludes with a systematic nomenclatural summary. Detailed information is given on the specimens, their labelling and their condition. 28 lectotypes are designated [Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894 (Poland); Amaurosoma articulata


Preface These Conference Proceedings contain the selected papers of tenth in the series multidisciplinary Conference ENVIROMIS-2018 comprising elements of Early Career Scientists School held at Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia, on July 05-11, 2018. As well as all preceding events (http://www.scert.ru/en/conferences/), the conference was devoted to the state-of-the-art and usage of modern observation techniques, computational and information technologies for assessment, modelling and mitigation of Northern Eurasia environment variations under natural and anthropogenic pressures including those caused by the Global Climate Change. One of the main conference goals is filling the gap between fundamental researches and practical applications in this domain. Multidisciplinary nature of the conference gathered specialists from various research fields. The scientific program of the conference included 9 consecutive thematic sections, where 5 lectures, 12 invited papers, 67 oral and 46 short oral reports were presented, among them 4 reports were presented by international scientific teams carrying out joint projects. These presentations covered fundamental and applied researches in the following areas: monitoring of climatic changes over Northern Eurasia; climatic and weather modelling; bog ecosystems of Northern Eurasia: observations, analysis and modelling; response of terrestrial ecosystems of Northern Eurasia to climate change; air composition, pollution transport and climate change; instrumental, information-measuring and information-computational infrastructures for regional environmental studies. Special attention was paid to extreme climatic events and assessment of regional risks and socio-economic impacts. This topic becomes very urgent nowadays against the background of contemporary climate changes that cause increase frequency of such events. Also, as all previous ENVIROMIS events, this conference addressed a critically important issue – young scientists training and contribution to their professional skill growth. Traditionally for this purpose, the Organizing Committee invited a number of leading specialists, who presented reports on hot topics in Earth System Sciences. We would like to give special thanks to the Noble prize winner, Prof. Terry Callaghan, honorary Professor of Tomsk State University, for his lecture "Arctic climate change and vegetation: understanding impacts and no impacts". It should be added that on May 29, 2018 Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences formed a Committee of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the international program "The Future of the Earth" and declared its main activities, which, in particular, include organization of events within the program on the territory of Russia. The ENVIROMIS-2018 conference is the first event held within this program. The conference was organized by Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS and Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS. It was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 18-05-20040. All the contributions in this volume have been peer reviewed according to rigorous international standards. However the authors take full responsibility for the content of their papers. We are grateful to all of the reviewers for maintaining the standards and quality of the manuscripts throughout the reviewing process. Editors Professor Evgeny Gordov RAS Corresponding Member Vasily Lykosov


Context  In the current UK socio‐political climate of mounting regulation of professional practice, a debate on the topic of standards amongst medical teachers seems timely. The role of teacher is increasingly recognised as a core professional activity for all doctors and one that cannot be left to chance, aptitude or inclination. As a consequence, faculties have developed a plethora of teacher training programmes for medical teachers. But what is good medical teaching? Unless we know what it is, how can we develop it? One possible approach is to develop clear and comprehensive standards, defining what we mean by competent or effective clinical teaching.


The tribe Elsholtzieae represents a small group within the subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae). Elsholtzieae consists of seven genera (Collinsonia L., Elsholtzia Willd., Keiskea Miq., Mosla Benth., Ombrocharis Hand.-Mazz, Perilla L. and Perillula Maxim.) and over 70 species containing many medicinally important herbs. The big part 40 species, belongs to Elsholtzia Willd. genus 1. They have been widely distributed and applied in East Asia, Africa, North America, and European countries for centuries, but mainly distributed in southeast and south Asia. Elsholtzia is an economically important plant group. In India and China Elsholtzia species are used in traditional and officinal medicines for the treatment of colds, headaches, pharyngitis, fever, diarrhea, digestion disorder, rheumatic arthritis, nephritises, and nyctalopia2. Also, in Asia Elsholtzia plants are used for herbal tea, food, spices, beverages, perfumeries, cosmetics, aromatherapies, and the source of honey manufacture3.


The article deals with the peculiarity of the political interaction between the national leader of Russia V.V. Putin and Russian President D.A. Medvedev. The principle of the tandem model of the political leadership of Russia and its functioning are represented in it.


Objective: The recommendation to repair progressive tricuspid regurgitation (TR) at the time of mitral valve (MV) surgery is questionable. We assessed the outcomes of tricuspid valve (TV) repair for progressive TR with MV surgery. Patients and Methods: We assigned 611 patients with progressive TR who had MV replacement with or without concomitant TV repair from January 2015 to December 2016. Results: There were no remarkable variation in early mortality or major morbidity rates according to the etiology of the MV disease. Median follow-up was 36 months. After adjustment for baseline characteristics using a propensity score adjustment model, there were no significant differences in the frequency of re-admission for congestive heart failure between the groups. Both groups had similar risk for other late complications affected by valve surgery such as stroke, significant hemorrhage related to anticoagulation, reoperation due to valvular heart lesions other than TV, or infective endocarditis. However, comparing the severity of TR at the last follow-up, patients with greater than progressive TR were significantly less common in the repair group of mitral regurgitation compared with those in the control group. Conclusions: The clinical benefit of simultaneous TV repair for progressive TR with MV surgery for rheumatic mitral regurgitation is certain. Concomitant TV repair cannot be routinely recommended in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis at the time of MV repair or replacement.


As the school' main body, students to participate in school management,especially in teaching management, benefits in the interaction among students, teachers, and administrators, so as to be helpful for teaching quality improvement. This article describes the need for students to participate in teaching management, and explored the main form and main content in medical colleges.

Key words:
Medical college;  Students ;  Teaching management;  Information student


Tools that perform refactoring are currently under-utilized by programmers. As more advanced refactoring tools are designed, a great chasm widens between how the tools must be used and how programmers want to use them. In this position paper, we characterize the dominant process of refactoring, demonstrate that many research tools do not support this process, and initiate a call to action for designers of future refactoring tools. 1. Refactoring Tools are Underutilized Since the original Refactoring Browser [11], programming environments have seen a remarkable integration of tools that perform semi-automatic refactoring. Programmers have their choice of refactoring tools in most mainstream languages such as Java and C#. However, we believe that people just aren't using refactoring tools as much as they could. During a controlled experiment, we asked 16 object-oriented programming students whether they had used refactoring tools – only two said they had, reporting using them only 20% and 60% of the time [7]. Of the 31 users of Eclipse 3.2 on Portland State University computers in the last 9 months, only 2 users logged any refactoring activity. In a survey we conducted at the Agile Open Northwest 2007 conference, 112 people self-reported on their use of refactoring tools. When available, they chose to use refactoring tools 68% of the time when tools were available, an estimate which is likely optimistically high. Murphy and colleagues' data on Eclipse usage characterizes 41 programmers who were early tool adopters, and who used Eclipse for a significant amount of Java programming [6]. According to this data, over a mean period of about 66 hours per programmer, the median number of different refactoring tools used was just 4, with Rename and Move as the only refactorings practiced by the majority of subjects. While it is difficult to tell when people are using refactoring tools and when they could be using refactoring tools, this second hand evidence leads us to believe that refactoring tools are currently not used as much as they could be. 2. When do Programmers Refactor? We believe that explaining when programmers refactor also explains why programmers don't use refactoring tools, especially tools produced by researchers. There are two different occasions when programmers refactor. The first kind occurs interweaved with normal program development, arising whenever and wherever design problems arise. For example, if a programmer introduces (or is about to introduce) duplication when adding a feature, then the programmer removes that duplication. Fowler originally argued strongly for this kind of refactoring [1], and more recently, Hayashi and colleagues [3] and Parnin and Gorg [8] stated they believed this was a common refactoring process. This kind of refactoring, done frequently to maintain healthy software, we shall call floss refactoring. The other kind of refactoring occurs when time is set aside. For example, a programmer may want to remove as much duplication as possible from an existing program. This sort of refactoring has been described by Kataoka and colleages [4], Pizka [9], and Borquin and Keller [1]. This kind of refactoring, done after software has become unhealthy, we shall call root canal refactoring. Floss refactoring appears to be more effective, currently more widely used, and likely to be more widely used in the future. Both Pizka [9] and Borquin and Keller [1] note distinct negative consequences when performing root canal refactoring. Over the history of 3 large open-source projects, Weisgerber and Diehl were surprised to find that development contained no days of only refactorings [13]; if a day contained only refactorings, it would have indicated root canal refactoring was taking place. Likewise, Eclipse usage data from Murphy and colleagues [6] show that on only one occasion out of thousands did a programmer perform only refactoring iterations between version control commits. Furthermore, because floss refactoring is a central part of Agile methodologies, as more programmers become Agile, we expect more programmers to adopt floss refactoring. 3. Tool Support for Floss Refactoring Even though floss refactoring appears to be a more popular strategy than root canal refactoring, many (if not most) tools for refactoring described in the literature are built for root canal usage. Smell detectors, fully automated refactoring tools, and refactoring scripts are examples of refactoring tools are typically built for root canal refactoring. For instance, jCosmo takes a significant amount of time and reports system-wide smells [12], making it inappropriate for floss refactoring. Guru restructures an entire inheritance hierarchy without regard to what a programmer is having trouble modifying or understanding [5], making this tool unsuitable to floss refactoring as well. Refactoring Browser scripts [10] may be too viscous for a programmer to use to perform an impromptu restructuring during floss refactoring. While we are only able to point out a few examples due to space constraints, we believe that the majority of tools described in the literature are designed for root canal refactoring. Some exceptions do exist, such as Hayashi and colleagues' tool, which suggests refactoring candidates based on programmers' copy and paste behavior [3].


This paper presents the results obtained and the technique developed in a study of apple maggot ( Rhagoletis pomonella ) dispersal. A total of 1,035 flies were marked and liberated at one release point during the course of the experiment. Of this number 123 individuals were subsequently recovered at distances varying from 38 to 156 yards from the liberation point.


The plan which it is the purpose of this paper to suggest to the Association is, I believe, a natural development of the work which the Association has been doing from its foundation. We have passed through a number of different systems of college admission in this country, and little by little we have been achieving a more intimate relation between the high schools and the colleges. Under the oldest system of examination, known by experience to many of us, there was not even an association of institutions. The single college set up its standards of admission, and all comers were required to submit to the direct test of the college before being admitted to classes. This simple examination method naturally worked itself up to a combination of colleges. There was economy in combined examinations, and greater fairness in uniform examinations. We have still existing in this country one example at least of an elaborate combination on the examination basis. I refer, of course, to the Middle States and Maryland Board of Examiners. This type of combination for the conduct of examinations has the inherent weakness that the examination method itself is dis-


Nanofluid is effectively employed as the working medium in the grooved Heat pipe of 600 mm length. The nanofluids preferred in this study is 50 nm diameter of copper oxide. An experimental work is carried out to investigate the effect of thermal performance with varying concentrations like 25 mg/lit, 50 mg/lit, 100 mg/lit, 150 mg/lit and 170 mg/lit and with varying filling ratio 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% & 125% at varying inclination angle and heat inputs. The experimental results showed that100% concentration level and 75% filling ratio 45 °produces better output in efficiency and thermal resistance in the copper oxide nanofluid.


Abstract:  Background:  The colloid‐based University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solution has been used extensively in clinical pancreas transplantation. Experimental studies support the use of the crystalloid‐based histidine‐tryptophan‐ketoglutarate (HTK) preservation solution for this purpose.


p. 157) to endorse the view that two types can be differentiated-namely, the infective and the degenerative -although the not infrequent presence of mixed forms in the same patient has given rise to considerable confusion. Rheumatoid arthritis seems to be definitely of the infective type, for, as Nichols and Richardson (confirmed by Fisher) have shown, there is an initial, roundcelled proliferation at the junction of the synovium with the articular cartilage, which slowly spreads over the articular surface until the entire cartilage is covered by patches of a highly vascular membrane resembling granulation tissue, invading and destroying the superficial layers af cartilage. This-"' pannus " is replaced gradually by connective, and later by fibrous tissue. Connective tissue cells appear in the subarticular cancellous spaces, which become larger owing to bony' absorption; the subarticular bone increases in density fibrous ankylosis (more rarely bony ankylosis) ensues, and there is secondary bone atrophy. In children this condition is acute (Still's disease), being signalized by pyrexia, leucocytosis, articular inflammation, and enlargement of the spleen and lymphatic glands. In adults the course is more insidious, the changes appearing most frequently in a phalangeal articulation and with only moderate signs of infection, though in the earlier stages there is always


The nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve is a rare anomaly that may increase the risk of nerve injury during thyroid surgery. We experienced a case of nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve seen in a 35-year-old woman with adenomatous hyperplasia on her right thyroid. The nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve was inciden-tally found during the right thyroid lobectomy. It directly branched from the right vagus nerve and followed a transverse path parallel to the trunk of the inferior thyroid artery. The right lobectomy was performed with a careful preservation of the nerve. Postoperatively, the review of CT scan which was taken preoperatively revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery, which arose from the aortic arch and crossed behind the esophagus. To avoid an inadvertent injury to the nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery, it is important to be aware of the possibility of a nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve, particularly when an aberrant right subclavian artery is recognized preoperatively. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2005;5:118-120)


This article puts forward the concept of fast idling condition. The comparative experiments of idling and fast idling warming up engine show that: during cold start, the warm-up of fast idling condition whose maximum speed is 1350 r/min is the most fuel-efficient, fuel-saving about 4.5%, time-saving about 32.5%; at normal temperature, warming up engine of fast idling condition does not save fuel. The warm-up experiments of fast idling condition that accelerations are different in the descent phase show that when the engine is cold, the smaller the acceleration in the descent phase of fast idling condition is, the more time and fuel are saved; at normal temperature, the bigger the acceleration in the descent phase of fast idling condition is, the better the fuel economy is. Therefore, it is inferred that the engine should be warmed up under fast idling condition when the engine is cold and idling condition is used to warm up engine at normal temperature. To sum up, when the engine is cold, the engine should be warmed up under the fast idling condition whose maximum speed is 1350 r/min; at normal temperature, it should be warmed up in idling condition to save fuel.


Newport Beach, a highly developed, densely populated coastal lowland in southern California is periodically subject to flooding from coincident high tides and winter storms. Globally, sea levels are expected to rise approximately one meter in the next century and advanced coastal flood modeling tools will be required to understand critical flood processes and develop meaningful sea level rise impact assessments. A recently developed 2D flood simulation is utilized to investigate the effect of high tides occurring with increased sea levels. Additionally, a simple wave overtopping model is proposed to account for wind driven waves in an embayment. Application of the model to a documented January 2005 storm provides insight into the critical process description, model parameterization and data requirements needed to address future flooding threats to urbanized coastal communities.


A new approach of finding a Jacobi field equation with the relation between curvature and geodesics of a Riemanian manifold M has been derived. Using this derivation we have made an attempt to find a standard form of this equation involving sectional curvature K and other related objects. Key words : Riemanign curvature, Sectional curvature, Jacobi equation, Jacobifield.    doi: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i4.2242 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(4) , 521-528, 2008


prominent muscle symptoms caused by the defi ciency of acid alpha-glucosidase, which is involved in glycogen degradation. The clinical spectrum ranges from the severe and rapidly progressive infantile form (IOPD) with hypotonia, prominent cardiac and respiratory involvement, to late-onset forms (LOPD) characterised by milder and more heterogeneous phenotypes where the progressive muscle involvement is prominent. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), with recombinant human alglucosidase alpha, became available in 2006; in recent years, an increasing number of studies in treated patients have been published, focusing on effi cacy, immune tolerance, possible biomarkers and appropriate outcome measures. For many years, ERT effi cacy in IOPD has been widely demonstrated and a number of treated infants are still surviving ventilator-free, standing or walking unaided. Some survivors have reached the age of 16 years. Although ERT has signifi cantly prolonged lifespan and improved motor and respiratory performance, it has also revealed some new aspects of the disease. A new phenotype has emerged in IOPD patients, characterised by prominent bulbar and distal muscle involvement (i.e. facial muscle weakness, speech impairment, swallowing diffi culties, distal muscle weakness). Different therapeutic approaches have also been tested in IOPD: it has been demonstrated that early ERT start, higher dosing (40 mg/kg) and more effective immuno8 Years of Experience with Alglucosidase Alpha Treatment: Facts and Perspectives


Thank you very much for downloading treatment of severe dyslipoproteinemia in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite books like this treatment of severe dyslipoproteinemia in the prevention of coronary heart disease, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their laptop. treatment of severe dyslipoproteinemia in the prevention of coronary heart disease is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the treatment of severe dyslipoproteinemia in the prevention of coronary heart disease is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Two new macrocyclic dioxotetraamines 4-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotridecane-11,13-dione (H2L1) and 4,7-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclotridecane-11,13-dione (H2L2) have been synthesized and characterized. The solution behaviors of their copper(II) complexes have been studied with ESR, UV/VIS and cyclic voltammetric techniques. Reaction of H2L2 with Cu(O2CMe)2 in methanol solution yielded a doubly deprotonated dioxotetraamine copper(II) complex, [CuL2]·6H2O, the structure of which has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The Cu atom is five-co-ordinated by four basal nitrogens and one pendant pyridine nitrogen, forming a distorted square pyramid in which N(21) of the pendant pyridine nitrogen is at the apical site. The Cu–N(21) bond distance [2.203(7) A] is longer than the basal average Cu–N bond length [1.985(4) A] due to the Jahn–Teller effect.


Due to difference induce factors (injury of limb, prolonged surgery in the lithotomy, Hypotension ,Introgenic etal)during surgery. May be developed lower extremity compartment syndrome (CS). It can cause significant disability if not treated early. This article for monitoring and the effect of different factors on dignosis related to CS were review.


The present invention provides a kind of the touch detection circuit and a display device, belonging to the field of display technology, which can solve the conventional touch the touch position detected by the detection circuit is not accurate. The touch detection circuit according to the present invention comprises: a touch signal input drive means connected to the first sensing line, for outputting a first driving signal to the touch sensing line, the touch driving signal is a square wave signal; converting unit connected to the second sensing line, for converting the square wave signal output by the second sensing line into a sharp pulse signal; signal detecting means, connected to the common electrode, the common voltage signal for detecting a change in the common electrode ; switching unit, and the signal conversion means and said signal detecting means, for interrupting a signal when the detecting unit detects the change of the common voltage signal on the common electrode. The touch position of the touch detected by the detection circuit of the present invention is accurate, simple structure.


Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the banking sector and to assess if COVID-19 was a trigger for the banking crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve the main objective, the beta of the banking sector was calculated and analysed. In addition, a fixed panel regression model was applied over the period from the 30th of December 2019 until the 24th of September 2021.

Findings
The results suggest that the pandemic contributed to higher volatility and risk in banking sector but did not confirm a systematic banking crisis.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature by analysing the COVID-19 pandemic as a potential trigger for a banking crisis. This paper also contributed by studying the effects of COVID-19 on the banking sector, especially the risk in the banking sector.


This article discusses M. Natsir view on the concept of democracy in Islam. In the map of Islamic political thought, there are differing views on the concept of democracy from the West. No group has refused flatly to the correlation of Islam with the democracy, but there are also groups that accept the correlation of Islam with the concept of Western democracy. As one of the leaders of political Islam in Indonesia M. Natsir did not totally reject Western democracy. M. Natsir offers a slightly different concept of democracy known as Theistic Democracy. M. Natsir view of theistic democracy try to reconcile the theory of popular sovereignty with the sovereignty of God. M. Natsir rejected the system of theocracy and the secularization, but accepted the idea of nationalism. Additionally democracy in view M. Natsir have to walk on the following principles: monotheism, fraternity, equality, and ijtihad. Kata Kunci : Democracy, Islamic Democracy, Western Democracy


Web vulnerabilities scanning has an important role in network security. However, Web scanners have been criticized for their propensity to generate a perceived large amount of false alarms. Strategies and techniques for reducing these reporting inaccuracies are described. Reasons of false alarms are discussed and methods of how to probing security holes accurately are suggested such as designing valid probing methods, choosing proper mark of identification and arranging correct judgment scheme. Examples show that these methods can improve the accuracy of scanning.


Training compound-applied Talents is the goal of every college,so it should construct relative patterns of examination ——Combining process inspection with Terminal Examination 、Combining oral test with written examination、Combining practical examination with capable examination, and change Examination Questions.moreover analyse the above patterns of examination.