A Terrestrial LiDAR system or Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) was used to detect changes in burnt landscapes. Since wildfires are a common occurrence in the Australian landscape, prescribed burns are routinely carried out by land management agencies and government departments. These prescribed burns reduce the fuel load which decreases the severity of subsequent unplanned wildfires. Recent advances in LiDAR have enabled the successful measurement of complex structures in the field with both high accuracy and precision. LiDAR remote sensing has been used for estimating a wide variety of forest metrics. However, airborne LiDAR in particular has been unsuited for measuring understorey vegetation. Modern ground-based LiDAR systems can overcome some of the shortcomings of airborne LiDAR systems (sub-centimetre resolution, canopy obscuration). In this study, four plots of 10m radius were chosen within a prescribed burn area in St. Andrews, Victoria which took place in April 2012. One plot was unburnt (control) while the other three plots were given different fire treatments to simulate different fire severities. The TLS was operated from the centre of the plot and data was collected at a resolution of 10mm at a radius of 10m. Laser scans were captured pre-burn, and post-burn in week two. Data analysis was carried out at different scales (voxel and plot) and at the vertical strata comprising near-surface and surface fuel layer within 1m from the ground. Within voxels, metrics used to compute change were changes in point density and maximum z value. At the plot scale, change in volume was computed.


With the issuance of its unanimous decision in United States v. Nixon, the Supreme Court clearly demonstrated for the first time that a President could be amenable to legal process. The Court has never, however, provided a rationale for its doctrinal shift toward presidential accountability, leaving the lower courts to evaluate the propriety of actions against Presidents on a case by case basis, under a variety of legal theories. This article analyzes the leading cases concerning the President's role in the judicial process, reviews the diverse responses of the lower federal courts, and finds that the Court's failure to meet its institutional obligation leaves a crucial issue unresolved: the contours of the relationship of presidential power to the legal process.


This paper studies the relationship between IPO over-funding and underinvestment, using the phenomenon of IPO over-funding on Growth Enterprise Market in China as a research object. The empirical results show that the extent of IPO over-funding is positively related with under-investment on Growth Enterprise Market in China. The extent of companies' under-investment is more severe when the ratio of over-funding is higher.


[2.2]Paracyclophane-based bis(pyridine) ligands form dinuclear complexes upon coordination to palladium(ii) ions, however, with distinct differences concerning their chiral self-sorting ability.


Wafer bonding became in the last decade a very powerful technology for MEMS/MOEMS manufacturing. Being able to offer a solution to overcome some problems of the standard processes used for materials integration (e.g. epitaxy, thin films deposition), wafer bonding is nowadays considered an important item in the MEMS engineer toolbox. Different principles governing the wafer bonding processes will be reviewed in this paper. Various types of applications will be presented as examples.


Summary:  Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of in situ lipid–protein–sugar particles (LPSPs) in mitigating the epileptogenic and histologic effects of intrahippocampal pilocarpine in rats.


Few studies have evaluated lymphedema after gynecological cancer treatment. The aim of this research was to establish prevalence, correlates, and supportive care needs of gynecological cancer survivors who develop lymphedema.


The digital power control system for nuclear reactor (DPCSNR) for a nuclear power plant has dynamic characteristics including dynamic interaction, time dependence, and causal relationship uncertainty, and it is of great significance to assess its dynamic reliability. This study aimed to propose an approach for the dynamic reliability assessment of the DPCSNR with dynamic characteristics. First, the dynamic fault tree analysis (DFTA) method was used to establish a DFT characterizing the dynamic interaction for the DPCSNR. Then, the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) method was used to transform the DFT into the initial DBN (IDBN) model characterizing the dynamic interaction and time dependence for the DPCSNR. Furthermore, the fuzzy mathematics (FM) method was used to modify the conditional probability table (CPT) characterizing the causal relationship uncertainty in the IDBN model and to establish the DBN model characterizing the dynamic interaction, time dependence, and causal relationship uncertainty for the DPCSNR. Finally, DBN reasoning was applied to assess the dynamic reliability of the DPCSNR. The results showed that the system reliability under conditions of periodic tests and predictable maintenance was 99.959%, and the computer system was the most critical event of the DPCSNR failure.


The field experiment was carried out under All India Coordinated Research Project on Cashew of OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during 2011 and 2012 in ten years old cashew plantations to evaluate the cashew hybrids on the basis of vegetative growth and nut yield. The experiment was laid out by adopting Augmented Statistical Design with 60 hybrids, 8 parents and 3 check varieties. The analysis of results based on adjusted mean and values on vegetative growth parameters and nut yield showed significant variations. Considering the overall vegetative growth parameters as well as nut yield the present study concluded that the hybrids such as A-71, B-27, D-19, G-8 and H-6 may be promising for commercial cultivation. The study also revealed that both KBN and VTH-711/4 were identified as better male parent for hybridization programme in cashew.


This article discusses whether electronic banknotes can properly be characterised as 'banknotes', their design as such and what architectural models are available for their issuance by central banks. Issues are addressed under general principles governing the interpretation of monetary laws in the context of evolving technologies and institutional arrangements. The article proposes a clear terminology to address the concepts underlying digital currencies and access to central bank money, and argues that a banknote may be 'written' electronically. The stance adopted in the article is critical of both account-based retail central bank digital currency and cryptocurrencies, and highlights the salient features of non-blockchain token-based alternatives. It sheds light on the considerations that influence the selection of a design that is appropriate from both the functional and legal perspectives.


This paper explores different approaches for developing skills in economics in schools. It considers the differentpreferred learning styles of students through the VARK method and applies a contextual learning approach to engagestudents and develop skills. The key skills that are considered are literacy, numeracy, information andcommunication technology, and critical and creative thinking. Graduate surveys and undergraduate student feedbackare used to demonstrate the success of this approach, as it was applied at a university in Sydney, Australia.


This study begins with a shortage of learning methods and media used by teachers in the classroom. The goal of this study is to uncover teaching and learning procedures, as well as students' abilities before and after utilizing domino games, in order to determine the efficacy of learning vocabulary through domino games. The researchers utilized a quantitative technique and an experimental research strategy. A total of 55 pupils were included in the study. The Random Sampling Method was used for sampling. The researcher employed observation, interviews, written tests, and documentation to collect data. The T-test formula was employed to analyze the research data. The researchers found that the use of domino games in vocabulary learning in Islamic boarding schools was appropriate and successful based on the findings of this study.


Does female employee whose job embeddedness is high proactively perform voice behavior which is potentially risky? This paper proposes an intelligent fuzzy neural network algorithm, which uses the memory characteristics of the neural network to automatically select the control strategy of each control stage. Make quick and accurate adjustments. Based on the questionnaire survey of 336 subordinate-supervisor dyads, this research explores the relationship between female employee's job embeddedness, work-family conflict and voice behavior, the mediating effect of work-family conflict and the moderating effect of supervisor support. The results indicate that female employee's job embeddedness has a positive effect on self-job-concerned voice and self-job-unconcerned voice while it negatively affects work-family conflict which mediates the relationship between female employee's job embeddedness and the two kinds of voice, supervisor support moderates the relationship between female employee's job embeddedness and work-family conflict as well as self-job-concerned voice. This research provides enterprises with guiding significance for preventing work-family conflict and encouraging voice behavior of female employees.


The delineation of brain lesion boundaries in computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences is important in many medical research environments and clinical applications. For example, computer-aided neurosurgery requires the extraction of boundaries of lesions in a series of CT or MRI images in order to design the surgical trajectory and complete the surgical planning. Currently, in many clinical applications, the boundaries of lesions are traced manually. Manual methods are not only tedious but also subjective, leading to substantial inter- and intraobserver variability, and confusions between lesions and coexisting normal structures pose serious problems. Automatic detection of lesions is a nontrivial problem. Because of the low resolution, the border regions between lesions and normal tissues are typically of single-pixel width in CT images, and the intensity gradient at the lesion boundary varies considerably. These characteristics of lesions within CT images, in conjunction with the generally low signal-to-noise ratio of CT images, render simple boundary detection techniques inadequate. Recent work in the field of computer vision has shown multiscale analysis of objects in gray scale images to be effective in many applications. This paper describes and illustrates the application of multiscale morphological techniques to the delineation of brain tumors.


In order to solve the problem that antennas on vessel easily arises machinery fault, translation-invariant multiwavelets denoising using neighboring coefficients is researched and applied to diagnosis for failure of satcom antenna. Neighboring coefficient denoising considering relativity of coefficients is introduced to translation-invariant multiwavelets domain to take advantage of excellent properties that scalar wavelet cannot satisfy, avoid Gibbs phenomena and enhance signal denoising effect. Experimental results show that proposed scheme extracts feeble character of early fault more effectively. In practice, damage on the sun gear of azimuth 1# decelerator is successfully diagnosed, which proves effectiveness of translation-invariant multiwavelets denoising using neighboring coefficients to failure diagnosis of antennas on vessel.


Due to its working mechanism, characteristics of the Fiber Optic Gyro (FOG) appear to be severely affected by ambient magnetic fields. Bias sensitivity to magnetic fields is an important parameter of FOG. Internal and external magnetic fields of inertial navigation system (INS) based on FOG both can cause gyro drift error. This will bring precision degradation during alignment of INS. To eliminate alignment error caused by magnetic fields and improve the performance of INS, based on magnetic fields distribution analysis of the system, a novel multi-position alignment process which substantially utilizing rotation ability of the INS with inertial measurement unit (IMU) indexing for error modulation is proposed. Experiments on different initial azimuth indicate that the method is effective. In addition, residual alignment error is discussed.


A class of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) presenting light curves with an extended plateau phase in their X-ray afterglows obeys a correlation between the rest-frame end-time of the plateau, Ta, and its corresponding X-ray luminosity, La, (Dainotti et al). In this work we perform an analysis of a total sample of 176 Swift GRBs with known redshifts, exhibiting afterglow plateaus. By adding a third parameter that is the peak luminosity in the prompt emission, Lpeak, we discover the existence of a new three-parameter correlation. The scatter of data about this plane becomes smaller when a class-specific GRB sample is defined. This sample of 122 GRBs is selected from the total sample by excluding GRBs with associated supernovae (SNe), X-ray flashes and short GRBs with extended emission. With this sample the three-parameter correlation identifies a GRB "fundamental plane." Moreover, we further limit our analysis to GRBs with light curves with good data coverage and almost flat plateaus, 40 GRBs forming our "gold sample." The intrinsic scatter, , for the three-parameter correlation for this last sub-class is more than two times smaller than the value for the one, making this the tightest three-parameter correlation that involves the afterglow plateau phase. Finally, we also show that a slightly less tight correlation is present between Lpeak and a proxy for the total energy emitted during the plateau phase, , confirming the existence of an energy scaling between the prompt and afterglow phases.


The Ames dwarf mouse has a long lifespan and is characterized by a marked resistance to cellular stress, an event that is implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders that are associated with aging, including Alzheimer's disease. However, very little is known on the extent to which the Ames dwarf mouse is protected against Alzheimer's disease. We have developed an organotypic slice system cultured from hippocampi of adult dwarf mice and examined deleterious effects of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptide, a key pathogenic event in the course of Alzheimer's disease. We present the first evidence that long living Ames mice resist β‐amyloid toxicity. We demonstrate that organotypic slices from adult dwarf mice, but not their normal phenotype counterparts (wild type), are resistant to Aβ25‐35‐induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, reduction in levels of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2, increase in levels of the pro‐apoptotic protein Bax, and activation of caspase 3. Moreover, incubation of organotypic sections with the GSK‐3β inhibitor SB216763 prevented tau phosphorylation but not alterations in levels of Bcl‐2, Bax, and caspase‐3. Because the hippocampus is a brain area that is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease, our study proposes that organotypic slices from hippocampi of adult Ames dwarf mice may constitute a model system for understanding endogenous factors that may confer protection against Aβ. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


ABSTRACT In this paper, several pickup/delivery and pickup/dispatching rules have been examined in an automated guided vehicle system which is the biggest set of strategies in the literature. The best control strategy has been determined considering some important criteria such as System Throughput(ST), Mean Flow Time of Parts (MFTP), Mean Tardiness of Parts (MFTP), AGV Idle Time (AGVIT), AGV Travel Full (AGVTF), AGV Travel Empty (AGVTE), AGV Load Time (AGVLT), AGV Unload Time (AGVUT), Mean Queue Length (MQL) and Mean Queue Waiting (MQW). All strategies have been ranked using SAW, VICOR and TOPSIS methods. For this reason, several simulation experiments were conducted to obtain the best solution. As the experimental results show the approach is effective enough to be used in real world environments.


This essay reads 'The Vox and the Wolf' as both a product and an allegory of the problematic of neighbouring. It argues that the poem's emphasis on ruination and distress, together with the parody of confession acted out by the Fox and the Wolf around the 'ginne' of a well, betrays the lasting effects that the coming of the friars had upon English communitarian life. It further argues that the Fox and the Wolf should be understood as representative, not of animal life, but of creaturely life: life exposed to the upheavals and dislocations associated with the institution of new sovereign regimes. The essay concludes by asking whether the poem itself, in its refusal to sacrifice a certain bitter enjoyment, might be understood as a kind of neighbour to its modern readers.


Rationale Intracranial scanning ultrasound combined with intravenously injected microbubbles (SUS+MB) has been shown to transiently open the blood-brain barrier and reduce amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in the APP23 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This has been accomplished, at least in part, through the activation of microglial cells; however, their response to the SUS treatment is only incompletely understood. Methods Wild-type (WT) and APP23 mice were subjected to SUS+MB, using non-SUS+MB-treated mice as sham controls. After 48 hours, the APP23 mice were injected with methoxy-XO4 to label Aβ aggregates, followed by microglial isolation into XO4+ and XO4- populations using flow cytometry. Both XO4+ and XO4- cells were subjected to RNA sequencing and their transcriptome was analyzed through a bioinformatics pipeline. Results The transcriptomic analysis of the microglial cells revealed a clear segregation depending on genotype (AD model versus WT mice), as well as treatment (SUS+MB versus sham) and Aβ internalization (XO4+ versus XO4- microglia). Differential gene expression analysis detected 278 genes that were significantly changed by SUS+MB in the XO4+ cells (248 up/30 down) and 242 in XO- cells (225 up/17 down). Not surprisingly given previous findings of increased phagocytosis of plaques following SUS+MB, the pathway analysis highlighted that the treatment induced an enrichment in genes related to the phagosome pathway in XO4+ microglia; however, when comparing SUS+MB to sham, the analysis revealed an enrichment in genes involved in the cell cycle in both the XO4+ and XO4- microglial population. Conclusion Our data provide a comprehensive analysis of microglia in an AD mouse model subjected to ultrasound treatment as a function of Aβ internalization, one of the defining hallmarks of AD. Several differentially expressed genes are highlighted, pointing to an ultrasound-induced activation of cell cycle mechanisms in microglial cells isolated from APP23 mice treated with SUS+MB. Graphical abstract


Background: The article presents diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for children, who have been exposed to a person with contagious tuberculosis. We stress the importance of recognition and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection which substantially reduces the risk of progression to tuberculosis disease. Children exhibit few clinical signs and symptoms which are rarely specific enough to indicate the tuberculous disease. Intrathoracic tuberculosis is frequently silent in its early stages. In contrast to adults, bacteriological confirmation is relatively infrequent in children and the diagnosis is based on the analyses of chest radiograph, tuberculin skin test and contact with tuberculous patient. Most of the radiographic manifestations reflect the compression of major airways by enlarged lymph nodes. Conclusions: Because the incubation period of disseminated tuberculosis in young children can be very short, children exposed to adults with pulmonary tuberculosis should be investigated without delay. Any delay in diagnosis and therefore treatment, may lead to severe and even life-threating complications.


An account is given of the molluscan assemblages recovered from fluvial deposits beneath the 'Upper Floodplain terrace' of the River Thames in the vicinity of Trafalgar Square, central London. A total of 37 aquatic and 28 terrestrial taxa have been recorded, a diversity indicative of full interglacial conditions. Palaeobotanical and vertebrate evidence suggests that these fossiliferous sediments belong to the Last (Ipswichian) Interglacial, a conclusion strongly supported by molluscan evidence. The combination of the presence of certain species, such as Belgrandia marginata, Potomida littoralis and Margaritifera auricularia, together with the absence of other taxa that no longer live in Britain, such as Pisidium clessini, Corbicula fluminalis and Unio crassus, imparts a distinctive character to the fauna. These temperate molluscs were not only present in the Trafalgar Square Sands and Silts, but also in the underlying Spring Gardens Gravel, showing the latter to be an interglacial aggradation that did not accumulate during the late Wolstonian, contrary to previous interpretations. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The triaxial compaction tests were made on a spherical atomized copper powder and an angular alpha alumina powder, which are both very hard to be formed by means of the conventional die or isostatic compactions. The shearing effect of the stress difference in this method on the forming and compacting of these powders was studied on the basis of the experimental results of the densification and the particle morphology on these compacts. The results obtained are as follows:1) On the atomized copper powder, the shearing effectively exercised to induce plastic deformation and frictional welding of the particles and considerably lowered the compressive stress for the forming as compared with those in the conventional methods.2) The effect on the forming of the alpha alumina powder was only to facilitate rearrangement and interlocking of the particles. For the forming of this sort of powder consisting of the particles with poor plastic deformability, the triaxial compaction was less advantageous.


Femicide: a reading from feminist look The aim of this study is to formulate an approach on the femicide phenomenon from the analysis of the categories of difference and hierarchy, understood in the context of feminist studies, having as initial motivation the legal debate about the relevance of specific legislation and its effectiveness in reversing the conditions that motivate violence against women.


Review(s) of: Lore and the Law. The life of John Sydney Power O'Keeffe. An Oral History Memoir, by John O'Keeffe, Supreme Court of Queensland, Brisbane 2007. 156 pp., illustrated.


Aiming at the social economy city high speed development and city ecosystem environment loading capacity antinomy,the paper discusses the city ecosystem construction and the content of the program from the ecology angle,and make a summary of the programming contents of ecosystem construction,to realize mankind are social to keep on the development.


Chuck muscles and fat from silage plus grain- and forage-fed steers were stored 7 days at 4°C before patty manufacture or processed into patties and stored at 4°C or −32°C. The thiobarbituric acid values were constant from 0 to 4 days for frozen patties but decreased (P 0.05) on refrigerated patties.


Recent studies suggest that springtime moisture transport into the Arctic can initiate sea ice melt that extends to a large area in the following summer and fall, which can help explain Arctic sea ice interannual variability. Yet the impact from an individual moisture transport event, especially the extreme ones, is unclear on synoptic to intraseasonal time scales and this is the focus of the current study. Springtime extreme moisture transport into the Arctic from a daily data set is found to be dominant over Atlantic longitudes. Lag composite analysis shows that these extreme events are accompanied by a substantial sea ice concentration reduction over the Greenland-Barents-Kara Seas that lasts around a week. Surface air temperature also becomes anomalously high over these seas and cold to the west of Greenland as well as over the interior Eurasian continent. The blocking weather regime over the North Atlantic is mainly responsible for the extreme moisture transport, occupying more than 60% of the total extreme days, while the negative North Atlantic Oscillation regime is hardly observed at all during the extreme transport days. These extreme moisture transport events appear to be preceded by eastward propagating large-scale tropical convective forcing by as long as 2 weeks but with great uncertainty due to lack of statistical significance. the number of days for the extreme event and the first day of an extreme event is defined as "lag day 0" in the lag composite analysis. In order to filter out noise of day-to-day fluctuations, a 5 day low-pass filter (which is a second-order forward-backward Butterworth low-pass filter) is applied to the composite data sets before the lag composite analysis is conducted.


Coning motion is a standard test input to evaluate the performance of the strapdown attitude algorithms. Angular-rate coning algorithms error consists of two parts: drift error and appr oximation error. Traditional angular-rate coning algorit hms usually improve the algorithm performance by increasing the sampling number in one update period. However the increase of the sampling number can only reduce the drift error, it has few effects on reducing ap proximation error. And the approximation error compensation is neglected in traditional angular-rate coning algorithms. In this pap er the calculation result shows that the approximation error is comparable with drift error for the most general case, which means the approximation error can not be neglected in high-precision strapdown navigation systems. A new angular-rate coning algorithm with an additional second-order noncommutativity error compensation term is developed. Without increasing sampling number, the new angular-rate coning algorithm can reduce the approximation error greatly. Theoretical analyses and digital simulations indicate tha t the new algorithm has advantages over the traditional coning algorithms for the general case.


RESILIENCE AND TERRITORY. A CONCEPTUAL OPERATIONALIZATION AND METHODOLOGICAL POINTS OF VIEW (IN ROMANIAN) Rezilienta si teritoriu. Operationalizare conceptuala si perspective metodologice ALEXANDRU BANICA, IONEL MUNTELE (eds.), Ed. TERRA NOSTRA, Iasi, 2015, 248 p. ISBN: 978-606-623-056-8This book presents a bold approach of the new problems the society faces including a complex territorial analysis based on statistical data, information from Corine Land Cover and other auxiliary sources (such as the electric company of CEZ, Open Street Map), which add to its veracity.The book is structured on 4 different parts and 10 chapters. The first part contains only one introductory chapter, while the second part has 4 chapters debating the problem of resilience in Romania on different fields of analysis. The third part also contains 4 chapters containing case studies based on Romania's urban areas and also on the urban environment of Iasi. In the last chapter the arguments and the usefulness of the study are presented.Chapter 1, Resilience - Conceptual landmarks, begins with the characteristics of the studied phenomenon and also with its inferences of "absorbing some places and to regenerate afterwards", exposing briefly the provenience of the concept but mostly explaining the ways of analysing that lie at the bottom of resilience. This includes the presentation of some additional concepts such as: sturdiness, absorptivity, adaptability or transferability, debated briefly through the opinions of some important scientific personalities. There are also being presented the different stages of the resilience system (transferability, the capacity to respond, the capacity of control and of monitoring), through which the phases undergone on different analysis scales of different administrative units are being reflected. It can be noticed that the resilience methodology contains different points of view coming from different scientific fields such as the technical, the ecologic, or the psychological field. In this sense, the book includes the review of a series of well-argued analyses (the small farmers, the green streets from Oregon, Uganda's tropical forest), which evidence that this paper is based on a well-documented methodology.The second chapter of the book presents a complex analysis of Romania's demography in a European context and also a methodology adapted to the concept of resilience. The study highlights the territorial context of the Romanian villages, through different cartograms representing the overall balance of t h e p opulation, the share of population living abroad, the migratory balance, based on the censuses between 2002 and 2011. The relations between the different groups of ages during the same period are evidenced, r e s u l t i n g an overall useful analysis of the Romanian demographic system. Thus, one can state that the problem of Romania's v u l n erability is given by the ageing of the population, and here are presented the i m p o r t a nce of this phenomenon and its impact based on an adapted typology.The third chapter brings into attention a very c o m m o n problem nowadays, related to the process of development - the renewable resources, such as the aeolian energy, the photovoltaics, the biomass, hydraulicity. One can read here a study case based on the e l ectric company of CEZ in Romania. There is a relative independence in the energetic field in Romania and there is an evident competition in this sphere, which brings multi- ple perspectives in developing the renewable resources. There is also presented, through some cartograms, the disposition of investments in renewable energy at local level. The most prevalent resource seems to be the aeolian one; it can be found in the districts of Constanta, Tulcea, Caras Severin but also in some districts from the region of Moldavia. The development of this area is attributed to the grants offered for the electric energy through the green tax that each consumer has to pay. …


The Normans in Wales, Edward I's Conquest of Wales, Thr Rise of Owain Glyndwr, Castles in Alphabetical Order, Other Castles in Wales And The Welsh Marches, Map


The width of cut tobacco is an important index to evaluate sensory qualities and physical indices of tobacco products.The rapid measuring instrument of cut tobacco showshigh efficiency and accuracy.This study based on a kind of cut tobacco set up the sampling methods about the rapid measuring instrument.Meanwhile,tobacco width measuring methods by using this instrument and using the plastic rod are contrasted.Moreover,this paper had done some work of application about different tobacco cuts including conditional tobacco,expanded tobacco and tobacco flake and different types of tobacco cutters.The results show that the rapid measuring instrument of tobacco width is more convenient and accurate than conditional measuring method.By comparing three kinds of tobacco and different tobacco cutters,standard deviation of expanded tobacco is the largest and its of tobacco flake is the smallest,and tobacco width of YS14 tobacco cutter is more stable than its of Topspin bobacco cutter.


The invention relates to a method for intensifying plasma beams on the surface of a combustion chamber of an aluminum piston of an internal combustion engine. The method is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: performing remelting intensification treatment on positions to be treated on the surface of the combustion chamber of a roughly processed piston blank by using plasma beams and naturally cooling in air after remelting; and finely processing the piston after the remelting intensification treatment, thereby obtaining a finished product, wherein the depth of a remolten layer is 3-8mm and the granular size of primary silicon phase and intermetallic phase of the remolten layer is 1/4-1/10 of that of an unmolten part of a substrate. By adopting the method, generation and diffusion of micro cracks at aluminum silicon phase boundary in the surface tissue of the combustion chamber of the aluminum alloy piston can be delayed, so that the thermal fatigue resistance of the combustion surface of the piston is improved by about 3-8 times, and the service life of the piston is greatly prolonged.


A novel polymorph of 10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine (form IV), which had been predicted to be thermodynamically feasible, was obtained from the vapour phase and displays an R22(8) hydrogen bonded dimer motif in contrast to the catemeric motifs in forms I–III.


This theory is proposed to account for the spinor transformation (ST), antiferromagnetism (AF) and superconductivity (SC) in the direct d-orbital overlap of iron based superconductors. The ST, shows the gradual transition in the pair representation by Nambu to the Fourier's Green function leading up to SC and AF state. The AF dominant in the band regime, is determining from the two component spinor describing its interaction effect on the band electrons, represented by the spin, Coulomb integral and exchange integral. I. Introduction Naturally the quaternary equi-atomic REOFeAs compounds are rather simple structured containing alternating layers of Fe-As and Re-O layers, where FeAs layers are believed to be responsible for superconductivity. The undoped compound of these systems is not superconducting itself but it exhibits both a structural and magnetic phase transition. This structural phase transition changes the crystal symmetry from tetragonal (space group P4/nmm) to orthorhombic (space group Cmma) and leads to an antiferromagnetical (AF) order with a spin structure (1), This is because the Fe magnetic moments along(1,1) direction are aligned (parallel) while the two nearest neighboring Fe are antiferromagnetically (antiparallel) aligned, similar to the well known antiferromagnetic ordering of the cuprates. The cuprates turns superconducting by introducing impurities that create electrons and holes in the parent compound. Unlike the cuprates, the iron oxypnictides are metallic and the antiferromagnetic parent compound is a Mott insulator. This transition is due to direct orbital interaction between Fe atoms at 285 pm, while there is no such direct d-orbital overlap observed in cuprates(1- 2). It is believed that this is caused by instability of the spin density wave (SDW). The electronic states of iron in LaFeAsO and fluoride doped have been extensively studied in detail by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy (2-3). The 57Fe spectra proved spin ordering in LaFeAsO and its suppression upon doping.The isomer shifts of the arsenide oxides are close to the data observed for the phosphate. Below the antiferromagnetic ordering (T=138 K), LaFeAsO shows full magnetic hyperfine field splitting with a hyperfine field of 4.86 T (2-3). The magnetic moment at the iron atoms was estimated to have values between 0.25-0.35μB/Fe atoms (3).In FeAs based superconductors both the structural and magnetic transition can be suppressed by dopant such as fluorine or with the oxygen deficiency (4). The addition of impurity elements affect superconductivity in the doped system and cause pair interaction in the presence of the applied field. This leads to magnetic spin fluctuation thereby


The purpose of this article is to analyze the positive and negative aspects of Law N ° 30838, by means of which the imprescriptibility of crimes against sexual freedom, sexual indemnity and other related crimes was incorporated for the first time into the 1991 Penal Code. How to establish the scope of the reform in the Peruvian penal system.


Public education expenditures are usually seen as having at least two desirable effects. On the one hand, it can foster economic growth through human capital accumulation. It can also decrease income inequality by offering every student the same learning opportunities. This paper studies both aspects of public education expenditures in a model of occupational choice with an endogenous supply of teachers. First, we show that the impact of public education expenditures on economic growth depends on the quality of teachers. The quality of the educational sector, in turn, depends on the level of public education expenditures as well as on the shape of the human capital distribution in the economy. In particular, we show that economies whose human capital distribution exhibits fatter tails can attract teachers of higher quality for the same level of public education spending. This implies that empirical studies aiming at identifying the role of public education expenditures should control for higher-order (beyond the mean) of the human capital distribution. Second, this paper documents a U-shaped relationship between public education spending and income inequality for a cross-section of countries as well as across US states. In our model of occupational choice, managers and workers are imperfect substitutes in production. Increasing public education expenditures (through increased taxation) modifies occupational choice, supply and demand of workers. Whereas an increase in public education spending benefits all through an improvement of production efficiency, relative income gains at the top and bottom of the distribution depends on the reallocation of labor across occupations and changes in human capital distribution. The general equilibrium interaction between these different forces can result in a U-shaped relationship between the level of public education spending and income inequality. We calibrate our model on data from 8 OECD countries and show that some countries, among which the U.S., could spend more on public education to yield more income growth and less income inequality.


Introduction: Volcanic and hydrothermal supply of reducing gases to the early atmosphere of Mars likely surpassed the slow supply of oxidizing power from hydrogen escape to space, resulting in a neutral or mildly reducing atmosphere and in geochemical cycles that operated very differently than they do on the modern Earth. We have recently suggested that one such difference between the modern and ancient geochemical cycle of sulfur is the possible existence of a SO2 climate feedback on early Mars [1], analogous to the negative climate feedback between atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the rate of silicate weathering on the modern Earth [2]. Being both a more effective greenhouse gas (when added to a CO2-rich atmosphere) and a stronger acid than CO2, small atmospheric concentrations of SO2 suffice for it to become the dominant control on climate, on the pH of surface waters and through these on the rate of silicate weathering and supply of alkalinity to surface water bodies. Precipitation of hannebachite (CaSO3·/2H2O) is an alkalinity, and therefore climate-dependent mineral sink for SO2, which completes the requirements for operation of a negative climate feedback. A prediction from the aqueous chemistry of SO2 is that under these conditions sulfite minerals should precipitate at the expense of carbonates [1]. In a series of mineral precipitation experiments we show that this is indeed the case and that oxidation of the precipitates gives rise to mineral assemblages similar to those detected on the surface of Mars.


Objective:Through analyzing the census condition of women disease,recognizing health level of women generation in Liuyang country,supplying some evidence for establishment of intervention action.Methods:It was adopted that retrospective study method of epidemiology,the result that general investigation on the disease of country women in this area was made meta-analysis.Results:The investigation included 2871 cases of women married,filling ill 1650 cases,the attack rate was 57.5%.more than ten kinds of women diseases were examined out.The top of attack mainly lay in the age of 26-50 years.When the age was increaseing,the attack rate was decreasing.Conclusion:There are many works for general investigation on the disease of country women,it includes that advancing to cultrue level and self-health care,improving living enviornment of women,protecting and promoting generative health of women,keeping no disease for provention,treatment in time with disease.


For eradicating Typha angustata, the most troublesome submerged wood of Chambal Command Area, experiments on the effect or various manual cuttings on its regeneration were conducted at Nanta Farm, Kota. The cuttings were made abovo and below water level at vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages and also in various seasons at different intervals. Cutting below water level at flowering stage was superior to cuttings above water level at vegetative and fruiting stages. The three cuttings at 30 days interval during the rainy season were better than cuttings made in winter and summer seasons at 45 or 120 day intervals. The per cent regeneration after six months of completion of three monthly cuttings in rainy season was only 8.2, while in the case of winter and summer seasons the figures were 104.0 and 53.3 respectively. The 4-12 unplanned cuttings started in seasons other than rainy season could not bring the regeneration to such a low level.


Image denoising has achieved unprecedented progress as great efforts have been made to exploit effective deep denoisers. To improve the denoising performance in real-world, two typical solutions are used in recent trends: devising better noise models for the synthesis of more realistic training data, and estimating noise level function to guide non-blind denoisers. In this work, we combine both noise modeling and estimation, and propose an innovative noise model estimation and noise synthesis pipeline for realistic noisy image generation. Specifically, our model learns a noise estimation model with fine-grained statistical noise model in a contrastive manner. Then, we use the estimated noise parameters to model camera-specific noise distribution, and synthesize realistic noisy training data. The most striking thing for our work is that by calibrating noise models of several sensors, our model can be extended to predict other cameras. In other words, we can estimate camera-specific noise models for unknown sensors with only testing images, without laborious calibration frames or paired noisy/clean data. The proposed pipeline endows deep denoisers with competitive performances with state-of-the-art real noise modeling methods.


Asymptotic forms of the Hilbert-Scmidt and Hilbert norms of positive definite Toeplitz matrices $Q_{N}=(b(j-k))_{j,k=0}^{N-1}$ as $N\to \infty $ are determined. Here $b(j)$ are consequent trigonometric moments of a generating non-negative mesure $d\sigma (\theta)$ on $[ -\pi ,\pi ] $. It is proven that $\sigma (\theta)$ is continuous if and only if any of those contributions is $o(N)$. Analogous criteria are given for positive integral operators with difference kernels.
Obtained results are applied to processing of stationary random signals, in particular, neutron signals emitted by boiling water nuclear reactors.


In acidic medium of pH1.0, trace V(Ⅴ) can catalyze the potassium bromate to oxidize chromotropic acid and ascorbic acid. This kinetic conditions were studied. A kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace V(Ⅴ) was established with detection limit 5.03×10 -11 g/mL V(Ⅴ). This measurement is in the range of 0.04~1.4 μg/25 mL for V(Ⅴ). The common metal ions can be separated by mercapto containing dextran gel.


SCR contactor usually used zigzag wave,which linearity is better,but structure is complex and cost is expensive.Now,a kind of 90°~80° linearity adjusting SCR contactor is introduced.Its structure is easy and performance is steady.Here,the charge control system of the storage battery is mainly introduced.


In what form was the symbolic program which persuaded the painters of the Kells Gospels to create the images on folios 7v, 1r and 32V introduced to the British Isles? Precedents for the architectural Canon Tables, cruciform pages, enlarged initial pages and Evangelist portraits in the Book are found in Insular or Continental illumination.90 Of the narrative scenes, the Temptation may depend, perhaps indirectly, on Byzantine book illustration.91 With the Arrest92 (and the paintings originally planned and those that have been lost), it becomes part of a cycle of Gospel scenes. Since isolated Insular full-page historical illustrations created before the late eighth century exist,93 it is likely that Gospel Books with elaborate narrative cycles were circulating in the British Isles before the Book of Kells was begun. In any event, there can be little doubt that the Kells narrative miniatures were based on manuscript models. And there are indications that the symbolic pages were similarly inspired. Majestas il...


This paper discusses the many reasons why environmental health is given too low a priority by governments in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and why limited resources are often used ineffectively. It illustrates this with a case study of the ineffectiveness of government action to control cholera in Madagascar and of the political reasons why the government was unwilling to work with the international agency, Médecins sans Frontières. The paper concludes with a discussion of the institutional, political and economic, technical and socio-cultural hindrances to effective government action and of the research agenda needed to help ensure more effective environmental health.


In this work we want to study about the Fazenda Geral, an oldier property of the jesuits, the intention in to monopolize the Passagem of the Cubatão river, the answer of the Santos Village and the royal decision about the question.


The nomenclature of potassic lamprophyres occurring in the Gondwana coalfields is discussed from a mineralogical-genetic viewpoint. The concept of a lamprophyre facies and the mineralogical character of calc-alkaline minette and peralkaline phlogopite sanidine lamproite is described. It is concluded that none of the Gondwana coalfields rocks represent calc-alkaline minettes and that there is no "minette-lamproite" association. The Gondwana potassic rocks, together with similar potassic rocks from Majhgawan and the Mainpur region, are considered to be formed from differentiates of distinct magmas formed by the partial melting of metasomatic veins in the lithospheric mantle, and as such cannot be classified using nomenclatural schemes devised for other petrological provinces. The Gondwana potassic rocks, which are the expression of potassic metasomatized lithospheric magmatism in the northern Singhbhum craton, are considered not to be Kaapvaal craton-type orangeites or Kimberley craton-type lamproites, but might be described as lamproites ( var.Damodar ). It is recommended that use of the terms: "minette-lamproite association"; kimberlite-clan rocks"; and "lamprophyre clan rocks" be discontinued as they serve no useful petrogenetic purpose.


This article uses the Logistic Regression Model in statistics to establish a withdrawal risks warning model for Internet concept Public Limited Company (PLC) in China, and verifies the applicability and effectiveness of this new model.


A biaxial ferromagnet in an external magnetic field is considered. A metastable state is realized when the magnetization is uniform and pointing antiparallel to the external field. At finite temperature, fluctuations drive the configuration over the lowest lying saddle point of energy. A known unstable structure is identified as this saddle point and nucleation rates are calculated by mean of the Brinkman/Laundauer-Swanson/Langer (BLSL) approach. >


Based on the famous reverse auction website Priceline,this paper studies a problem of how to dynamically set reserve prices for some goods of the seller in a period of continuous time when customers arrive at Priceline one after another according to a non-stationary Poisson process,so that the seller can gain a maximal expected revenue.With the comparability of both revenue management and reverse auction,and the uniqueness of reverse auction,the optimal control model of the expected revenue for sellers is set up,and the following properties are obtained: 1) the concavity and monotonicity of the maximal expected revenue function,2) the monotonicity of the marginal expected revenue function,and 3) the concavity of the optimal price.The results of numerical analysis are consistent with theoretical ones.It is also illustrated that the closer the bidding price is to the valuation,the more dominant Priceline will be to revenue management.


of ampicillin with tobramycin. There are contributions on the coagulopathy, antidotes to specific hepatotoxins such as paracetamol and the disturbances in amino acid metabolism. Oral and intravenous branch chain supplements have not lived up to early expectations. There is a fine chapter on the management of bleeding oesophageal varices based on the experience of the Barcelona liver unit but ascites gets little attention. Finally the quest for the elusive artificial liver is brought up to date. Chang from McGill University who has done so much pioneering work in this field reviews the various systems of liver support and their experimental evaluation. The King's College Hospital experience of charcoal haemoperfusion, especially if this is started when the patient is still in grade three coma, is encouraging and the survival rate is much better than that of historical controls on series from other centres. They present evidence that the procedure may prevent the development of cerebral odema. Undoubtedly the best results of treatment do come from centres such as the Liver Failure Unit at King's where there is an experienced medical and nursing team. Dr Roger Williams and his coauthors have produced a comprehensive and readable account of a complex subject and this book can be warmly recommended to all physicians dealing with patients with liver disease.


In this work, the shielding effectiveness (SE) of a densified-small-particles (DSP) cement composite, with different loading particles embedded in, has been investigated through the nested reverberation chamber facility. Particular effort has been spent in characterizing the SE behavior with the increasing drying and in improving the experimental practice to solve out previously faced measurement troubles. Findings are of interest in architectural shielding, microwave spectroscopy and investigation of physical-chemical properties of DSP materials.


Due to advances in spatial light modulator technology and high-speed imagers, optical correlators are becoming viable for a variety of high-speed image processing applications. However, conventional approaches to assembling correlators produce systems which are costly to manufacture, and which are too large for some uses. We are investigating approaches to the construction of compact, highly integrated correlators that combine ferroelectric liquid-crystal-on- VLSI spatial light modulators, a CMOS imager, and diffractive optical elements.


Background: Clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) can precede development of clinically evident inflammatory arthritis (IA). Autoantibody, C-reactive protein (CRP), and subclinical inflammation are known predictors, but risk estimation remains insufficiently accurate. Especially CRP has a small effect size and is inadequately reflective of inflammation that can be measured systemically. RNA expression in whole blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown differences compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, we hypothesized that differences in RNA expression can be found between CSA patients that do and do not progress to IA. Objectives: This study assessed whole blood RNA expression levels of inflammatory and immune genes as potential biomarkers for prediction of IA-development in patients with arthralgia. Methods: Between April 2012-March 2015, 234 patients were consecutively included in the Leiden CSA-cohort. Follow-up ended when patients developed clinically apparent IA (determined at physical examination), or else after 2-years. RNA expression in whole blood, at the moment of inclusion, was determined for 135 genes of the innate and adaptive immune system by dual color Reverse-Transcription Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (dcRT-MLPA) profiling. Cox proportional hazard models were used to associate time-to-event with gene expression level at inclusion, while adjusting for age, gender, and assay plate (model 1). The false discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing. Genes with significantly different expression were subsequently studied for reproducibility by qPCR, and mutual independence in their association with IA-development. For the latter, we employed a forward selection strategy, starting with the most significantly associated gene and iteratively adding more genes. Resulting mutually independent genes were further investigated for their added predictive value over known risk factors, CRP, ACPA, and subclinical joint inflammation. Results: 21% of CSA-patients developed IA after mean 3.6 months (IQR:1.6-10.7) follow-up. After correction for multiple testing, six genes were significantly associated with IA-development (model 1), namely IFN-γ, PHEX, IGF-1, IL7R, CD19, or CCR7 (ordered by significance). For all six genes, a lower expression at inclusion was associated with an increased risk of IA-development. IFN-γ was only weakly expressed in peripheral blood, hampering the technical reproducibility between MLPA and qPCR results, and was excluded for further analyses. PHEX and IGF-1 were highly correlated (R2 0.97) and only IGF-1, but not PHEX, was included in further analyses. Of the remaining significant genes (IGF-1, IL7R, CD19, CCR7), an independent association with IA-development was observed for IGF-1 and IL7R, but not for CD19 or CCR7. qPCR data of IL7R correlated with MLPA results (p Conclusion: Six genes were differentially expressed between CSA-patients that did or did not progress to IA. Expression of IGF-1 and IL7R showed added value to regularly used predictors. Validation is warranted. References: None. Disclosure of Interests: None declared


The invention relates to an atmosphere conditioning device for testing engines, comprising an inflow conduit connected to an engine admission, an outflow conduit connected to the exhaust of the engine and expelling exhaust gases, a communication conduit which communicates the inflow conduit with the outflow conduit, a supercharging turbogenerator comprising a turbine in the inflow conduit, a bypass valve which diverts the circulating air flow towards the turbine, a heat regenerator consisting of heat exchangers in the inlet and outlet conduits, connected by the same circuit of heat transfer fluid, a bypass valve in the outflow conduit together with the heat exchanger thereof, a heat exchanger in the outflow conduit, downstream from the heat regenerator, and a turbocompressor downstream from the heat exchanger.


The urban heat island effect is becoming more and more serious due to the continuous expansion of cities in China, and improving the urban thermal environment is an important prerequisite for creating a livable city. Based on the Landsat TM images of 2001 and 2011 and Landsat TIRS images of 2021, this study investigated the spatial and temporal distribution and evolution characteristics of the urban thermal environment in Lanzhou City in the last 20 years by using the radiation equation conduction method to invert the surface temperature of Lanzhou City. The results show the following: (1) The radiation range of the medium temperature zone in Lanzhou City spreads in an "extended" style from 2001 to 2021 until it covers the whole main urban area, the secondary high and low temperatures decrease, and the corresponding medium temperature zone increases over a large area. (2) The average temperatures of Lanzhou urban area and its arable land, forest, grassland, and water area within the urban area reaches 10–25 °C, and the heat island area decreases by 9.56% in 20 years, with the high-temperature zone decreasing by 42.32%. (3) The proportion of water bodies and the proportion of impermeable surfaces are dominant factors in the spatial differentiation of surface temperature, and the interaction and synergy of various influencing factors affect the spatial differentiation of surface temperature.


Layout of transformer substations is a central job in rebuilding rural grid,in which accurate load forecasting for the area supplied by transformer substations,called natural area,is a key element.Typical composition of electric power consumed in countryside,which is divided into four sub-classes,is analyzed.Among the four sub-classes three main sub-classes are analyzed and forecasted separately.At first,influence factors set for each sub-class is reduced based upon rough set theory,then forecasted by support vector regression for every sub-class.The final forecasting result is three individual forecasts plus one addtional forecast pro rata.Experiment shows that rough set combined with SVM regression is superior to traditional methods and has a good prediction precision.


Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS), a scattering type scanning near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM), is a technique which combines Raman spectroscopy with an optically active silver coated scanning probe microscopy tip. Only the molecules located in a small area close to the tip apex will experience the field enhancement. This provides a unique tool to obtain highly enhanced Raman signals together with a high lateral-resolution. In this paper, preliminary investigation of the interaction between methylene blue and calf-thymus double-stranded (ds) DNA has been carried out by SERS. Furthermore, TERS spectra of methylene blue have been collected for the first time, and are compared with standard surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The results are discussed in terms of possible biological applications.


The article is devoted to the problem of expediency of conducting the self-defense courses in the practical section of the discipline "Physical Culture" of the higher education. The method and the results of the test of the special preparedness of students, who have passed the self-defense training course within the bounds of practical physical culture lessons program, are represented in this work. The organization of the expertise (elaborated forms of tests, criteria for the testing, rating scale) has been described in details. The cases of minimum and maximum in the individual marks of the examinees have been considered, the arguments of the experts have been given.


Parallel sequence spread spectrum (PSSS) is a novel physical layer (PHY) technique allowing a flexible resource allocation through code multiplexing. This broadband technique is designed for high data rates in industrial applications, as it offers benefits in fading environments at a relatively low hardware complexity. In this paper we compare different approaches for the equalization of wireless channels in a PSSS communication system. For this purpose we employ multiple baseband impulse responses representing diverse transmission conditions. We analyze the performance of the cyclic prefix based PSSS design from previous work and compare it with our more efficient equalization approaches.


Summary Nitrogen metabolism, feed intake, and milk production were studied using six lactating dairy cows in a 3×3 Latin-square design. Soybran flakes and soybean oil meal were compared to either (1) soybran flakes, ground shelled corn, and soybean oil meal or (2) ground whole oats, ground shelled corn, and soybean oil meal as the principal sources of digestible nutrients. The two soybran flake mixtures were also compared to an alfalfa hay and grain concentrate ration, using six dairy heifers. The percentages of cellulose, starch, pentosans, polyuronides, and sugars were determined for each ration. Apparent protein digestibility reflected differences in the protein content of the complete rations. Cellulose digestibility was unusually high in the soybran flake rations, 77 to 79%. Higher average yields of milk nitrogen and larger positive nitrogen balances resulted in greater nitrogen efficiency in cows fed soybran flakes. However, differences in digestible dry matter intake were correlated with the differences in nitrogen utilization, and adjusting for digestible dry matter intake accounted for the differences in nitrogen efficiency. Abrupt shifts to high levels of cereal grain in the ration depressed milk yield because of lowered feed intake. It was concluded that cellulose is equal to starch for supporting nitrogen metabolism in growing or lactating dairy cattle, provided the cellulose can be digested.


An antidandruff shampo containing ethyl p-methoxycinnamate isolated from the rhizome of Kaempferia galanga L. was formulated in a liquid cream dosage form. ethyl p-methoxycinnamate was used at various concentrations 0.3; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 % respectively. The antidandruff shampoo was evaluated with respect to its description (consistency, odor and color), pH, homogeneity, rheology, wetting properties, foaming formation, skin irritation test and microbiological assay by using edible seaweed diffusion method towards Candida albicans and Tricophyton mentagophytes. The result showed that the antidandruff shampoo containing 2.0 % ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate was the best formula. Keywords : Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, Kaempferia galanga L., liquid cream dosage form.


This article highlights an opportunity for teaching staff in universities to utilise students' part-time work experience to enhance learning, teaching and assessment activities. Increasing numbers of university students are working part-time while studying and, as a consequence, there have been several academic studies highlighting the adverse impact of this practice on academic performance. This has led to suggestions for changes in educational policy, seeking either to reduce students' term-time working or to eliminate it altogether. With a gearing to business management education, this viewpoint piece provides an argument for university lecturers to embrace students' part-time work experience and use it to enhance the learning, teaching and assessment experience. The use of students' own work experience extends the case study method, which is common in business teaching, to give greater control and therefore reassurance to students and so yield deeper learning. The approach also strengthens the relationship between higher education and industry in that it connects more cohesively students' work experience and university study.


In this study, we analyze the incidence of corporate income tax using a dynamic general equilibrium model. The dynamic macroeconomic model enables us to analyze both the instantaneous and the intertemporal incidence of corporate income tax. We include capital structure (i.e., choices of equity, debt, and retained earnings) in the proposed model in order to implement investment. The model also includes a progressively increasing per unit agency cost on debt. We implement a simulation based on the dynamic model, and measure the incidence of corporate income tax on labor income, when the (effective) corporate income tax rate decreases from 34.62% to 29.74% in Japan. We find that the percentage of the incidence on labor income is about 20%-60%, in the short term (one year), and the percentage of the incidence on capital income is about 40%-80%. In the long term, about 90% of the incidence is on labor income. Thus, almost all of the incidence shifts to labor income in the long term. In contrast, in a neo-classical dynamic general equilibrium model, the entire incidence shifts to labor income in the long term. The difference between these results is caused by the inclusion of the agency cost on debt.


Results Altogether, 207 participants entered the study,127 inthe CBR group and 80 inthe OPC group.Among the117 fullycompliantparticipants the CBR modelwasmore effective in reducing disability, especiallyinmen.WithintheCBR group, compliant participants had significantly betteroutcomes compared with partiallycompliantornon-complaint participants (P50.001).Althoughthe subjects in the CBR groupweremore sociallydisadvantaged, theyhad significantly better retention intreatment.


Subject's ability to localize transient signals presented in a free field depends primarily on low‐frequency energy. The minimum audible angle is about 3/4° for all transients containing energy below 2000 Hz.


In this study, sol-immobilization was used to prepare gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-decorated titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts at different Au weight % (wt. %) loading (Aux/TiO2, where x is the Au wt. %) and Au–M NP-decorated TiO2 photocatalysts (Au3M3/TiO2), where M is bismuth (Bi), platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd) at 3 wt. %. The Aux/TiO2 photocatalysts exhibited a stronger visible light absorption than the parent TiO2 due to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect. Increasing the Au content from 1 wt. % to 7 wt. % led to increased visible light absorption due to the increasing presence of defective structures that were capable of enhancing the photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared catalyst. The addition of Pt and Pd coupled with the Au3/TiO2 to form Au3M3/TiO2 improved the photocatalytic activity of the Au3/TiO2 photocatalyst by maximizing their light-absorption property. The Au3/TiO2, Au3Pt3/TiO2 and Au3Pd3/TiO2 photocatalysts promoted the formation of glyceraldehyde from glycerol as the principle product, while Au3Bi3/TiO2 facilitated glycolaldehyde formation as the major product. Among all the prepared photocatalysts, Au3Pd3/TiO2 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity with a 98.75% glycerol conversion at 24 h of reaction time.


The increase of activities particularly shopping centers in Badung Regency, requires sufficient supply of parking facility. However, so far there is no study on parking characteristics and quantification of standard parking spaces demand. The objectives of this study are to evaluate parking characteristics on shopping centers in Badung Regency and to analyse standard of parking spaces demand. Data required are primary data which is obtained from survey on site to obtain parking characteristics and secondary data is obtained from the shopping centers management which is used to analyse standard parking space demand. Results of the study indicate that for light vehicle, parking index based on average parking accumulation is 0,72, while for motor cycles it is 3,09. Relationship model between average parking accumulation for light vehicle on working days is y = 0,0016x + 9,289 (R2 = 0,8786) and for motor cycle is y = 0,0032x + 123,69 (R2 = 0,5776). Average parking accumulation required for the maximum floor area of building of 75.648 m2 is 178 vehicles/hour with 194 spaces and 434 motor cycles/hour with 1.209 spaces. For the minimum floor area of building of 5.000 m2, average parking accumulation required is 19 vehicles/hour with 21 spaces and 141 motor cycles/hour with 393 spaces.


Recently, tribomicroplasma has been discovered around sliding contacts. This must be the unknown high energetic state that has been sought after for many years as the source of tribochemical reaction. On the other hand, the mechanism of tribochemical decomposition of the perfluoropolyether (PFPE) fluid, Z-dol, used as a hard disk drive lubricant, is not fully explained by traditional reaction mechanisms. A mixture of volatile decomposition products evolved from lubricated sliding contacts is collected by a sampling tube packed with an adsorbent and separated by gas chromatography (GC) into individual components, the chemical structures of which are determined by a quadrapole mass spectrometer (Q-MS). The volatile products at the sliding contact coincided completely with that of the gas-discharge plasma decomposition product. These results verify that PFPE fluid is decomposed by triboplasma. This verification opens a new mechanism of tribomicroplasma reaction in the field of tribochemistry. Presented at the ASME/STLE Tribology Conference in Long Beach, California October 24-27, 2004 Review led by Paul Bessette


This thesis analyzes the impact of the documentary An Inconvenient Truth, released in the United States in June 2006, which featured former vice president Al Gore discussing the causes, urgency and moral obligations of climate change. The film, which was published as a book by the same name, used PowerPoint slides of statistical models, photographs of melting glaciers, animation, and a personal narrative by Gore to communicate the science of climate change and to invite viewers to relate to the personal responsibilities of the warming planet. Before the film, climate change in the U.S. was largely a debate about the scientific proof and partisan politics of the issue, whereas afterwards it evolved into an issue of ethical concern. In recent years, the public's understanding and awareness of global warming has risen so that the majority of Americans say they agree with the world's leading scientists that the planet is warming due to humanity's burning of fossil fuels and is a responsibility of ours to fix. While the response is attributable to many factors, research and data show that unlike any work or event before it, the film was a turning point for shifting America to think and act more consciously about the warming climate. Chapter 1 focuses on the history of the environmental movement in the U.S.; chapter 2 discusses five events which preceded the film's release--Hurricane Katrina, the wars of Afghanistan and Iraq which were growing in size, scope, duration and death tolls, President George W. Bush's low approval ratings, Gore's evolving image as scientifically credible voice iv and a stable national economy--and opened a window for the message to be noticed; chapter 3 discusses the ethical message of the film; chapter 4 discusses public perceptions and behaviors in political, media, university, corporate and philanthropic circles in the years after the film, the post-An Inconvenient Truth era. The paper's conclusion acknowledges that Americans' opinions and behaviors vary based on age, political persuasion, socioeconomic class and education levels. It also recognizes that there is often still a disconnect between the expressed opinions and the behaviors of many Americans. In light of these challenges, this thesis looks to learn from the consciousness put in motion by the film and other timely events, and offers insights into what is needed to maintain and encourage such ethical reflection moving forward.


save that enclosed portion which claims to have a monopoly of Kultur. Before the unprejudiced conscience of humanity the appalling persecution of the Jews, simply because they are Jews, can have no manner of justification. It may be admitted, and indeed it is admitted by Jews themselves, that certain. restrictions upon the activities of a certain type of Jew in Germany were perhaps necessary. There were Jews, unquestionably, who exploited Germany, and cared only for their own profits. (But are there no Britons who treat their


Lightning Thermo Tube (LTT) is a recently introduced type of shock tube with characteristics that make it suitable for use with common pyrotechnics. LTT is reliably initiated by reasonably energetic electric matches and reliably ignites most pyrotechnic compositions. LTT is physically strong, easily spliced and branched, and is highly weather resistant. LTT produces a moderately bright flash of light upon functioning, which may be a useful effect in itself. This paper presents the results of a series of tests performed to determine some of the more important capabilities and characteristics of LTT as it relates to use with pyrotechnics in general and fireworks in particular.


Free-standing ultra-thing compliant nanocomposite membranes are good candidates for a new generation of membrane-based acoustic, pressure, and temperature sensor microarrays with high sensitivity, tremendous dynamic range, and built-in recovery ability. In this research, we fabricated compliant, highly-uniform, extremely robust, smooth, and long-living free-standing nanoscale membranes with excellent sensitivity. These membranes were fabricated from polyelectrolyte multilayers with and without an addition of a central interlayer containing gold nanoparticles. The central gold interlayer was used to enhance an optical response and detect surface plasmon resonances from membranes. These uniform nanoscale films with the thickness in the range from 30 to 80 nm for different numbers of layers were constructed with aspin-assisted LbL (SA-LbL) assembly. We exploited three different methods for characterization of membranes micro-mechanical properties. These methods allow to check membranes sensitivity in static and dynamic states and to obtain the value of elastic modulus and residual stress. From our measurements, we suggest that these compliant nanocomposite membranes can facilitate a new generation of membrane-based microsensor devices with lateral dimensions below 100 microns.


is a narrative production, structured by a logic that separates writer, text, and subject matter. Any social text can be analyzed in terms of its treatment of four paired concepts: 1) the real and its representations in a text, 2) text and author, 3) lived experience and its textual representations, and 4) subjects and intentional meanings. These reports from the field are written under the mantle of melodramatic, social realism and become masculine tales that turn the investigator into a hero who tells a subject's life story. This story is often oedipalized, locating subjectivity in the heterosexual, intimate family relationship. Such tales create the impression that the subject exists outside discourse. They presume a world out there that can be captured and brought into the sociologist's text. Four versions of the subject (flesh-and-blood, empirical, analytic, and textual) may be represented in a text. Often these versions are confused. The textual subject is a threefold construction, involving three layers or types of textual construction, that I called analytic, first-order, and second-order constructions. Often the sociologist writes the subject's experiences within a set of second-order, or analytic typologies, in which case the sociologist's representations displace the subject's experiences. The real, flesh-and-blood subject is seldom, if ever captured inside a text. The tensions between these several levels of textuality must be maintained when a writer claims to


Of the 20,000 miles of coastal deserts that gird the earth (8), most are all but bereft of population. Yet, paradoxically, many of them, were they given the amenities, could be productive, pleasant places to live. Several methods that might make these areas more habitable have been put forth, the most ambitious being that of the Oak Ridge National Laboratories (9). Oak Ridge scientists conceive of huge nuclear centers. Each center could support an industrial complex and a 300-acre farm. But the prerequisite investment would be of such enormity that few less developed nations could afford one without the largess of the developed world. On a modest, and hopefully more immediately attainable scale, the University of Arizona has devised an approach that can economically provide power, water and food for coastal communities.


For me, last week's sad events offer an eerie replay of my questioning of public accountability about the SIEV X tragedy during ten months in 2002. In just three days, I have been reminded of how efficiently Australia quarantines difficult questions that threaten to disturb our national self-esteem.


Abstract The effect of acute (1 day) or subchronic (25 days) treatment with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive constituent of marihuana, on plasma norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), corticosterone, β-endorphin (β-end), and splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity of the rat was studied. Groups of animals received subcutaneously, either THC in corn oil + saline (3 mg THC/kg); oil + saline: or THC + naloxone (2 mg naloxone/kg and 3 mg THC/kg). Acute injection of THC with or without naloxone did not significantly change plasma levels of NE, E corticosterone, β-end, or the NK cell activity. However, subchronic treatment with THC significantly reduced plasma levels of NE, E, corticosterone, and NK cell activity, compared to controls. The plasma β-end levels were significantly elevated in the THC-treated animals. In the THC + naloxone group of animals, the plasma hormone levels (corticosterone and β-end) were similar to control levels and the NK cell activity was significantly higher than in THC-treated animals. These results indicate that subchronic exposure to THC results in suppression of splenic NK cell activity. The interaction of THC with the endogenous opiate system appears to be a contributing factor leading to the NK cell suppression in rats. A direct suppressive action of THC or its metabolites on the NK cell is not ruled out by this study.


Abstract An exposition of the concept of directionality in human behaviour in general is given, as well as a brief indication of the extent to which adolescence is primarily a developmental phase characterized by directional fluidity and the seeking of directional identity. Briefly this entails a discussion of the perpetual state of fluctuating incongruency between ideal and reality and the fact that this existential differential is closely interwoven with conceptions of right and wrong. Furthermore attention is devoted to the phenomenon that individuals, groups, and even total societies are submitted continuously to the inevitable necessity of making evaluative choices. This existential state of man — and particularly of the adolescent — requires of all those in pOSitions of directional authority (i.e. parents, peers, teachers, psychologists, psychiatrists, probation officers, etc.) to be aware of their directional influence on others, and particularly on adolescents, and accordingly to act in a consciou...


In this paper the influencing factors,choice and match of bleaching agent were discussed deeply by a large quantity of tests and industrial practices.The techology conditions were analyzed such as pH value of slurry,concentration,temperature,amount of bleaching agent,bleaching time in the chemical bleaching process of kaolin and light calcium carbonate.The optimum ranges of these technology conditions were also given.


Ecological moral education is a new moral view,and is also a new pattern integrated traditional moral education.The aim of ecological moral education of Colleges is to train students to become "ecological";the article analyzed its systematic contents and gave some approaches to implement ecological moral education in colleges.


: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy and nitrogen levels 11 on meat traits, muscle fiber type and cytokine related gene expression of pigs. Forty-eight 12 pure-bred Bama mini-pigs and forty-eight Landrace pigs were selected and randomly allocated to 13 four groups: Landrace pigs were fed NRC diet, Landrace pigs were fed Chinese feeding standard 14 of swine (GB) diet, Bama mini-pigs were fed NRC diet and Bama mini-pigs were fed GB diet. 15 The animals were fed from 5 weeks of age to their market weights. At the end of each stage 16 (nursery, growing and finishing stages), eight pigs with similar body condition from each group 17 were slaughted, and analysis the muscle samples. The results showed that the growth stages 18 significantly affect the cooking yield percentage and mRNA expression levels of myosin heavy 19 chain ( MyHC ) Ⅱ x, MyHC Ⅱ b and interleukin-15 ( IL -15) of longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) 20 ( P <0.05), and it shows a increasing trend with growth stage. The cooking yield percentage, 21 mRNA expression levels of MyHC Ⅰ of LDM of Bama mini-pigs were significantly higher than 22 those of Landrace pigs ( P <0.05), while the drip loss of LDM was significantly lower ( P <0.05). 23 Compared with the NRC diet, the GB diet significantly increased the pH 45min of LDM during 24 growing stage ( P <0.05)


Nabulsi cheese is one of the most popular white brined cheeses produced in Jordan and, traditionally, no starter cultures are employed for ripening. However, the resultant high pH means that spoilage problems arise in cheeses stored at ambient temperatures. Direct acidification or the use of commercial starter cultures have an adverse effect on flavour, but cultures derived from lactic acid bacteria isolated from local milks gave rise to cheeses that were as acceptable as the traditional products. In addition, the pHs of the cheese brines were in the range associated with stability during storage (pH 5.1-5.3), and hence it is suggested that these locally derived cultures could be employed by the industry to manufacture a nabulsi cheese from pasteurized milk that should: (a) be free from pathogens; (b) not deteriorate in-store at ambient temperature; and (c) have a flavour profile similar to traditional nabulsi cheese.


We propose a two-phase diversity scheme to achieve the end-to-end spatial diversity gain for physical-layer network coding (PNC) based two-way relay with a multiple-antenna relay node. A novel binary PNC-specific maximal-ratio-combining like (MRC-L) scheme is proposed to obtain receive diversity in the multiple-access (MA) phase with linear complexity; the Max-Min criterion based transmit antenna selection (TAS) is adopted to obtain transmit diversity in the broadcast (BC) phase. Both the brief diversity analysis and the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves full diversity and outperforms other comparable schemes in terms of end-to-end diversity or power advantage.


In Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, high Arctic Norway, tar spot disease caused by Rhytisma sp. occurs widely on Salix polaris. Plant pathogens can affect individual growth and community structure in many wild plants (Gilbert 2002). Although the disease has long been recorded in Spitsbergen Is. (Lind 1928, Hagen1941), the ecological characteristics of the pathogen have not been determined. To clarify the aspects of early stage in the life cycle of Rhytisma sp., we investigated the ascostroma maturity levels and spore dispersal of the pathogen in both field and laboratory experiments.In field experiments, the pathogen developments were investigated in ascostromata and spores at the study site from snowmelt to late summer. The spore dispersal was periodically estimated using a trapping method using a slide glass with a layer of soft wax. In laboratory experiments, spore developments in ascostromata were compared among three deferent moisture conditions including natural drying, high humidy (99.9 %) and saturated conditions. The laboratory experiments were conducted at 15°C under light. The field experiments showed that the ascostroma was formed on the host leaves during the previous summer and on the fallen leaves over the winter. The ascostromata were immature just after snowmelt but matured in two weeks. The spores were dispersed by precipitation at the experiment site (Figure 1). A strong correlation (p < 0.05, R 2 =0.91) was found between the spore dispersion and precipitation. In laboratory experiments, ascostromata matured and released spores only under saturated condition (Figure 2). The laboratory experiments also showed that the minimum period for maturation of the ascostromata was five days at 15°C. These results demonstrated that saturation is necessary to release spores of the pathogen, at least for primary production of the spores from ascostroma. This suggests that the amount and frequency of rainfall highly influence spore release from matured ascostroma under field conditions at Ny-Alesund where is little precipitation in summer (34 mm / monthly mean precipitation of July).


The analysis of vibration signals is a major technique for monitoring the condition of machine components. A focus of this paper is given to the early detection of very small bearing damages like false brinelling faults, which occur in the presence of a small relative motion between the rollers and raceways during non-rotation times. This leads to a small damage which is characterized by elliptical wear marks in the axial direction at each roller position. The paper shows that the vibration structure generated by a small surface defect differs from a normal state even if the signal energy is eliminated by normalisation of the data. Suitable time domain features are a mathematical description of the shape of selected time domain peaks, which could easily be calculated by the higher derivatives of the time acceleration signal and some parameters characterizing the randomness of the peak positions. After the step of extracting 32 features from the time signal a feature selection process is executed automatically. This enables the selection of a feature subset which is best suited to the present fault situation. Test rig results indicate the high potential of the new time domain features for both fault types. The last chapter gives a short introduction in an algorithm for bearing fault simulation.


The present invention relates generally to anti-infective agents, anti-proliferative agents in the field of anti-inflammatory agents and prokinetic agents. The present invention specifically relates to a group useful as a pharmaceutical tricyclic compounds. The present invention is, for example, chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antiparasitic agents, antiviral agents, anti-infective agents such as anti-inflammatory drugs and / or prokinetic (gastrointestinal regulation) drugs and / or providing a group of compounds useful as antiproliferative agents. The present invention also provides a method of synthesizing the compound.


The essential oil in leaves of Cinnamomum porrectum(Roxb.) Kosterm can be extracted by steam distillation. It contained d-linalool 97.7761 %. The antifungal activity of the oil to be coordinating with the dwarf forest of C. porrectum will create huge benefit.


Fathering has changed considerably over the past century. The father's role has moved from being the moral leader to the breadwinner, advancing into a sex role model and, most recently, becoming more nurturing and caring in regular family interactions. The role of the father has been reflected in the shifting ways that scholars identify and measure father involvement using various models that take into account these shifting roles. In addition, other factors such as family structure, father identity, and co-parenting have been recently identified as having an important influence on contemporary father roles.

Keywords:

co-parenting;
family structure;
father identity;
fathering;
father involvement;
parenting


THE economic package which Mr. Wilson presented to Parliament on 20th July to meet Britain's latest sterling crisis is a negation of all he and his followers have stood for and a severe defeat for all that he and his Government have been trying to do up to now. Very briefly, since gaining power in October 1964 the Wilson Administration has sought to avoid the two classical and well-tried remedies for restoring balance to an overstretched economy which, for historical and structural reasons, is perhaps more exposed to external economic forces and financial pressures than any other. On the one hand, the Government rejected devaluation utterly and, on the other, it shunned from making its deflationary policies work. The efforts to avoid a forced devaluation have been successfully supported by the international community but with the proviso that Britain should halve its 1964 deficit in 1965, should eliminate it altogether in 1966 and should begin to repay the IMF debts which were incurred $1 billion in December 1967 and $1.5 billion in May 1970. The 1965 objective was duly reached. The overall deficit was cut by more than half from well over $2 billion to $1 billion. The return of confidence during the year brought a reduction in the adverse balance of monetary movements, in fact, of $1.4 billion. Exports rose by 7 per cent and imports hardly at all. The Central Banks gave further facilities to sterling in September. The giltedged market rallied strongly between July and October and this was reflected in equity markets despite continuing measures to restrict credit of every kind. Reported pretax profits and dividends rose by 13 and 12.8 per cent respectively during the year. But, in fact, wages continued to move ahead twice as fast as prices and prices rose more than double the rate of output. By the end of the year total output stood about 2 per cent above a year earlier compared with increases of 4 and 5 per cent respectively during 1964 and 1963. Retail prices increased by 41/2 per cent and hourly take-home pay by 91/2 per cent, the highest recorded since 1952. Output per head in manufacturing was up by a diminutive 11/2 per cent though, due to the many cuts in working hours, output per man-hour went up by a more respectable 3?12 to 4 per cent. Dividend payouts were also inflated to forestall the forthcoming Corporation Tax. As Mr. Wilson put it, when presenting his package, money incomes in 1965 rose by over $5 billion compared with the year before whilst the overall rise in production was a mere $1.7 billion. "These trends", Mr. Wilson openly admitted, "are continuing . . . and the time has come to call a halt." In short, the attempt to operate a policy for prices, incomes and productivity in an over-inflated economy has proved more than doubly abortive. Its failure was compounded by Mr. Callaghan's post-election Budget of 3rd May which was entirely devoid of any attempt to "take a view" on the economy. Instead, he rather cavalierly postponed the target for bringing Britain's payments into balance until mid-1967, announced that the import surcharge would be abolished in November and came forward with a selective payroll tax which was to take some $900 million out of the economy in the fall in order to pay two-thirds of it back to manufacturing industry early next year. Its novelty, ingenuity and complexity, and its attempt to kill several policy birds with one stone, still has everyone guessing as to its ultimate effect but in the words of the authoritative Banker it seemed to be "no way to cure a deficit". In fact the incomes policy failure of 1965, and beyond, soon began to show up in the figures. First and


The present invention is a glass transition temperature of 35 ° C. or higher, and a molecular weight of at least 35,000 g / mole of the acrylic resin A, a glass transition temperature of 57 ° C. or higher, and a molecular weight of at least 60,000 g / mole of the acrylic resin B, and, modified in the ratio of 60:40 by cardanol, a molecular weight of 3000, and to a hydroxyl equivalent weight of a coating composition comprising about 720 of epoxy resin.


Work Package 1 of the European Union's HERCULES-2 project [1] has the objective to develop an injection system allowing for fuel flexible engine operation. Such an injection system must cover the spectrum from classic fuels – residuals from the petrochemical industry – to the far end marked by liquid fuels like ethanol and/or methanol. The Spray Combustion Chamber [2] – a device developed and improved during earlier HERCULESprojects – was chosen to investigate the spray and combustion morphology of two fuel alternatives. As a reference Light Fuel Oil was applied and investigated with a new injector type which allows for variable flow area. Spray penetration of the alternative fuels shows strong differences, compared to classic fuels. The reason for this is expected in the lower viscosity and reduced compressibility of the alcohols, which both influence in-nozzle flow and hence spray tip penetration. The thermodynamic analysis shows a trend towards a good portion of pre-mixed combustion. This is a consequence of the pilot injection, which might still need some improvement on the exact timing, in combination with the swirl velocity. But the rate of heat release looks promising and for the engine tests following this year, a sound knowledge basis could be generated. For the first time CH2O-LIF was applied for the demanding conditions, present in the combustion chamber of large marine diesel engines. First signals could be recorded, but unfortunately the signal to noise ratio was far from useable. Further investigations are therefore necessary. The injector design proved a good repeatability and a stable spray pattern.


This paper proposes the design of a gain enhanced single circular patch radiator (SCPR) with a cavity-backed structure using multiple substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feeders for monopulse systems. We derive the equations of a radiation pattern for the multi-feed SCPR and compare it with the full EM simulation results. Based on the theoretical results, the proposed SCPR with multiple feeds is designed by adding the cavity-backed structure to obtain high gain characteristics. In the feeding network, four SIW structures are designed and circularly arranged, which can reduce loss and mutual coupling. Each pair of the SIW feeders can provide sum (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and difference (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) patterns to achieve the monopulse direction finding (DF) properties in both elevation and azimuth directions. To verify the feasibility, the proposed antenna is fabricated, and the antenna characteristics are measured. The measured reflection coefficient is −14.5 dB at 5.8 GHz, and the maximum gains are 4.9 dBi and 4.8 dBi in <italic>zy</italic>-plane. To observe the monopulse DF, the estimated direction of arrival (DOA) results are examined in both elevation and azimuth directions. In the whole estimated angle range, the estimation error is lower than 0.49, and the average error is 0.26.


The standardization of the installation and operation and maintenance of the smart meter box is particularly important to ensure the reliable and safe operation and maintenance of the smart power system. The smart meter box is generally maintained by manual inspection, which requires experienced power professionals to judge the meter box. Status anomalies often lead to false negatives. With the development of fifth-generation mobile communication, machine learning and other technologies, operation and maintenance personnel can take on-site photos of the meter box through mobile devices and upload them to the cloud. The photos of regular inspections can be compared through the image analysis method based on machine learning to automatically determine whether the meter box is damaged. In this paper, target detection, image perspective transformation and adaptive local affine matching algorithm are combined. First, target detection is used to identify and locate the areas in the smart meter box that need to be compared, and the detected objects are cut into opposite subsections. Image, then transform the target to be determined through image perspective transformation, remove the area that does not need to be matched, and then use the adaptive local affine matching algorithm to calculate the similarity between each feature point according to the local features of the image. The accuracy of the image comparison process.


Objective Polysaccharides (LBP) was extracted from Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.by ultrasonic method, and the content was determined. Methods Polysaccharides was determined by spectrophotometer. Results The content of polysaccharides was 3.26% by ultrasonic method, which was 36.0% higher than that of extracted by traditional method.Conclusion Ultrasonic extraction was a better method for polysaccharides extracted of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat..


A curable organopolysiloxane composition includes: (A) a straight-chain organopolysiloxane having per molecule at least two silicon-bonded alkenyl groups and at least one silicon-bonded aryl group; (B) a branched-chain organop olysiloxane with siloxane units represented by the following general formula: RSiO2, where R is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, and having per molecule at least one silicon-bonded alkenyl group and at least one silicon-bonded aryl group: (C) an organopol ysiloxane having in one molecule at least two silicon bonded hydrogen atoms; and (D) a hydrosilylation catalyst; and a semiconductor device with a semiconductor element coated with a cured body of the aforementioned composi tion.


Chapter 2 examines the French East India Company model of Sino-European trade, with a particular emphasis on the features that distinguish it from the two other major models, the English and the Dutch. In France, not merchants but the state itself gave birth to the French East Company, once memorably described as a "Versailles of trade," and the state continued to play a dominant role in the Company's operations, exerting the power of approval over the Company's decisions and issuing the edicts that established its policies. But the lure of private trade, and in particular, the appeal of the Chinese market, played a major role in hastening the demise of the company model, which from the mid-1700s was seen as increasingly obsolete in view of contemporary attitudes and conditions. The creation of the third French East India Company in 1785 after a fifteen-year period of private (open) trade was followed in 1790 by France's opening her East India and China trade once more to the private sector, and this time it was definitive; the French East Company was permanently abolished in 1793, and for the rest of the Canton era, trade remained open.


It is used that a series of interacting atoms. They are confined between two sinusoidal substrate potentials. When the top substrate is driven by the external driving force, its velocity changes from zero to non-zero. The dependence of the static friction force on the strength is presented for the incommensurate(the spiral mean and the golden mean ) and commensurate structrue. It is found that incommensurate structures is more likely to produce superlubricate phenomenon more than commensurate structures under different stiffness coefficients.