The hypothesis to be tested in this paper is to explore whether there is any link between political economy and inflation in Pakistan. Inflation has always been a fiercely debated issue and is one of the main objectives of the macroeconomic policies both in developed and developing economies. Governments believe that persistently high inflation can have damaging economic and social consequences. Therefore, monetary and fiscal policies are formulated to combat inflation. This paper explores the major reasons behind inflation in Pakistan and looks at the interplay between economic policies, law, politics and inflation. To summarise, this paper aims to examine the link between political economy and inflation in Pakistan. This study has used the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method to obtain the desired result. It is concluded that the SBP must be free from politics and government intervention in formulation and implementation of monetary policies to eliminate this menace.


Elucidating the biochemical basis of host-parasite relationships will be instrumental in the success of biologically based control in agriculture. This challenge is an ambitious one, but several central themes emerge regarding the roles of both parasiteand host-derived molecules. These include their contribution to nematode attraction, recognition, and reproduction as well as the response of plant hosts. Identification of the gene products involving such fundamental biological processes as nematode behavior and sex determination, although not usually considered as direct participants at the host-parasite interface, will also expand our knowledge of host-parasite interactions and provide alternative strategies for pest management. The complex nature of plant-nematode interactions and the obligate parasitism of many phytopathogenic nematodes have combined to hinder progress on elucidating mechanisms involved in events such as feeding site initiation and plant responses. With the adoption of molecular biology techniques to plant nematology, new lines of research have been opened in these areas. Rapid advances in understanding the basic biology of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans will most certainly ease the tasks that lie ahead. Answers to such seminal questions as "What makes


Copyright © 2018. Innovative Research Publications. All Rights Reserved 24 Abstract The proposed paper presents the topic "Deployment of Docker Services on Private Cloud". It briefs how the system is implemented to provide Docker services to client, in order to reduce client's overall system load and to make the client enjoy the application layer facilities easily. The paper tells how this system uses Docker Hub which works on the concept of Container as a Service, thus making the task of creating, deploying and running applications simpler and light weighted. Docker Server in this system acts as a bridge between Docker client and Docker Hub. Client requests server for applications, server fetches the images from Docker Hub via Docker Engine which is responsible for packing these images along with its dependencies and binaries into a Container. Client can access these applications using web browser (URL,Tags). Traditionally, server could access Docker through Command Line Interface (CLI); hence to make it simpler, we present this paper illustrating creation of User Interface (UI) for the server side. Thus this paper summarizes how Docker services are deployed on private cloud


This study is designed to find out how the artistic works are remediated to media contents such as movies, advertisement, animation and music video and also analyzes the process and strategy by which the traditional artistic works are remediated to the media contents based on the text analysis of the music video "Blood Sweat & Tears" of the world popular boy band BTS. The result of the study shows that the artistic works remediated in the digital media are not just limited to simple formative features but used to find out the creative arts embedded in the artistic works and even remediate the secondary experience and emotion interpreted by the painters in an extemporaneous and objective manner. In addition, it was found that the artistic works express linguistic, cultural, and cultural practices in the process of being remediated to the media contents and convey the message effectively. Revealing or hiding their original features as old media, the artstic works remediated to the media contents are modified into new media by themselves and release totally different energy. So it is expected that they make the incessant expansion as the new type of artistic genre.


This paper examines the progress of Indias rural development programmes and reviews the countrys rural development programmes. Over the years, Indias rural development has undergone several changes in terms of emphasis, approaches, strategies, and programmes. As a result, it has acquired a new dimension and provided new opportunities. Indias rural economy is a vital component of the countrys overall economy. Poverty eradication remains a significant obstacle to planned economic development. Its difficult to make broad policy recommendations because different states experiences with economic growth and poverty reduction have been so varied. Rural development programmes (RDP) have significant implications for India in terms of poverty alleviation.


The radio counterparts to the IRAS Redshift Survey galaxies are identified in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) catalog. Our new catalog of the IR flux-limited (S60 μm ≥ 2 Jy) complete sample of 1809 galaxies lists accurate radio positions, redshifts, and 1.4 GHz radio and IRAS fluxes. This sample is 6 times larger in size and 5 times deeper in redshift coverage (to z ≈ 0.15) than those used in earlier studies of the radio and far-IR (FIR) properties of galaxies in the local volume. The well-known radio-FIR correlation is obeyed by the overwhelming majority (≥98%) of the IR-selected galaxies, and the radio AGNs identified by their excess radio emission constitute only about 1% of the sample, independent of the IR luminosity. These FIR-selected galaxies can account for the entire population of late-type field galaxies in the local volume, and their radio continuum may be used directly to infer the extinction-free star formation rate in most cases. Both the 1.4 GHz radio and 60 μm IR luminosity functions are reasonably well described by linear sums of two Schechter functions, one representing normal, late-type field galaxies and the other representing starbursts and other luminous IR galaxies. The integrated FIR luminosity density for the local volume is (4.8 ± 0.5) × 107 L☉ Mpc-3, less than 10% of which is contributed by the luminous IR galaxies with LFIR ≥ 1011 L☉. The inferred extinction-free star formation density for the local volume is 0.015 ± 0.005 M☉ yr-1 Mpc-3.


In 2005, 10 new cassava varieties were officially selected and released to farmers in Nigeria for high root yield, high dry matter content and acceptability for food. This work compared in three on farm locations, the root and stem yield of these varieties together with an old improved variety currently in farmers' field. In all the locations, root yield of all the new materials were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the old improved variety. The root yields of the new varieties were between 40%-50% higher than the old improved varieties. Overall yield advantages of the new materials over the old improved material ranged between 40%-150%. Stem yield figures showed significant variations with few of the new varieties producing higher stem yield in comparison with the old improved variety due to inherent growth pattern. Figures for tuber girth and node numbers per unit of stem were similar. The high yield levels of the new varieties might lead to high demand for stems indicating the likely wider spread and higher demand for varieties with high stem yield potentials.


This study is an attempt to explore learning environment in vocational training institute of district Faisalabad. Data was collected from seven vocational Training institutes. Seven dimensions of learning environment i.e. Continuous learning, Inquiry & Dialogue, Team Learning, Embedded System, Empowerment, System Connection, Strategic Leadership are explored. Results shows moderate learning environment is prevailed in vocational Training institutions. Vocational training institutes are suggested to improve these dimensions to increase the quality of teaching and satisfy the stakeholders.


The essence of socialist political civilization is the high stand ar dization of socialist democracy, which is realized collectively by the practice' insisitence on Party's leadership ,people treated as the master and country-ru ling by law. The basic principle of political civilization at present period is supposed to be the proposals such as active and reliable, drawing lessons and ab sorbing merits, completing concerning rules.


Quasi-phase matching in periodic nonlinear structures provides an efficient method to phase match a single nonlinear process. However, periodic modulation is not suitable for multiple-wavelength interactions, such as dual wavelength second harmonic generation, frequency tripling and frequency quadrupling. Multiple processes may be phase-matched by using aperiodic, rather than periodic, modulation of the nonlinear coefficient. We have developed a method to phase match any two arbitrary processes by quasi-periodic modulation of the nonlinear coefficient. This method was experimentally verified by performing dual wavelength second harmonic generation, as well as frequency tripling (based on simultaneous phase matching of frequency doubling, followed by sum frequency generation of the first and second harmonic waves) in a single quasi-periodically-poled KTP crystal. Additional degrees of freedom are obtained by using two dimensional periodic or quasi-periodic modulation of the nonlinear coefficient. We discuss frequency tripling by a 2D periodic structure, as well as the application of 2D quasi-periodic structures for nonlinear frequency conversion.


In this issue of Acta Physiologica, Bottermann et al,1 describe a novel tool to examine cardiac substrate metabolism in the mouse myocardium, offering a valuable addition to the existing toolkit for studying cardiac metabolic reprogramming in the diseased heart. The heart is a high energydemanding organ that requires a continuous supply of ATP to sustain its contractile function.2 To meet its highenergy requirements, the heart can utilize a variety of substrates such as fatty acids, glucose, amino acids, lactate, and ketone bodies.3 In normal physiological conditions, the adult heart primarily depends on fatty acids (40%– 70%) and glucose (20%– 30%) as energy sources, with lesser contributions from lactate (5%– 20%) and ketone bodies (5%– 15%).4 Importantly, changes in substrate utilization can drive the progression of pathological conditions like ischaemiareperfusion injury and heart failure. For example, heart failure is generally associated with a shift in cardiac energy substrate preference, leading to reduced fatty acid oxidation and increased glucose utilization.2– 4 This metabolic remodeling is linked to impaired mitochondrial function and reduced ATP production, contributing to the energy deficiency observed in failing hearts.2 Metabolic modulation holds great promise as a novel therapeutic approach to treating heart failure and improving cardiac function, therefore understanding the interplay between altered substrate metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction and heart failure is crucial. The current stateoftheart techniques to gain insights into cardiac metabolism encompass a diverse often complementary array of cuttingedge methodologies.5 Advanced imaging techniques like positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enable noninvasive assessment of cardiac metabolism in vivo using radiotracers. Metabolomics and stable isotoperesolved metabolomics (fluxomics) are widely used techniques.5 Metabolomics provides a comprehensive snapshot of metabolite abundances in a biological system (e.g., isolated cardiac cells or whole hearts), while fluxomics allows the analysis of metabolic flux by measuring the incorporation rate of stable isotopelabeled substrates, such as glucose and fatty acids, as a readout of metabolic pathway activity.5 Recently, extracellular flux (XF) analysis has emerged as a powerful and widely used tool for studying cellular metabolism and bioenergetics.6 Seahorse XF Analysers enable continuous and simultaneous monitoring of O2 consumption and extracellular acidification rates (OCR and ECAR), as readouts of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis respectively, in living cells. The technique is nondestructive and noninvasive, meaning cells can be continuously monitored throughout the assay without the need to lyse or disrupt them. It also has the advantage of analyzing multiple samples simultaneously (24 or 96 depending on the instrument type), and it is suitable for various cell types, including adherent7 and nonadherent cells,8 organoids,9 and intact tissues.10 However, when studying cardiac metabolism, XF analysis has primarily been conducted in isolated cardiomyocytes.11 Isolated cardiomyocytes offer precise control and manipulation of the cellular environment, eliminating potential confounding factors from other cardiac cell types. Nonetheless, drawbacks include the possibility of metabolic alterations during enzymatic digestion and cell culture, as well as the loss of tissue architecture and intercellular interactions, which might not fully recapitulate in vivo conditions. To overcome these limitations, Bottermann et al,1 have developed novel protocols for measuring extracellular flux analysis in intact murine cardiac tissue slices.1 Myocardial slices are 100to 400μmthick slices of living adult myocardium that can be obtained, using a highprecision vibratome, from various small and large mammals, including mice, rats, pigs, and human tissue biopsies. Cardiac tissue slices provide a powerful platform for cardiovascular research as they maintain essential features of the native multicellular structure, tissue architecture, and physiological characteristics found in adult cardiac tissue.12 Previous studies on porcine cardiac slices have demonstrated their suitability as models for metabolic measurements.13,14 However, these studies were limited to measuring glucose utilization using radiolabelled tracers,13 or baseline oxygen consumption


Optical microscopic examination of air- and rain-borne dust shows most of the particles to be less than one micron in diameter. Electron microscopic examination of the same dust shows predominantly clusters of particles whose individual diameters are in the range 200 to 1000 A. The residue obtained by filtering rain water through a millipore filter is found to be slightly radioactive in more than half the cases observed.


It has not only economical and social benefit but also meets the need of clean production to reclaim rich metals such as copper,lead,bismuth,zinc from copper blast furnace dust.The process and technological conditions are recommended in this paper to recover these usable metals.


The last ethical political events in the Eastern countries seem to confirm the old Hegelian idea according to which the way of history advances, even when errors and contradictions occur, in direction to freedom. Nevertheless, the post-Hegelian thought has emphasized the value of individuality. For Croce, the individual constitutes the central problem and the object of historiography. For that reason he tries to release it of the danger of the consideration of persons like marionettes or simple appearances. But, as soon as he starts from the empiricist and the singular, individuality is for Croce part of an aesthetic character


In this thesis we study Wiener's lemma. The classical version of the lemma, whose realm is a Banach algebra, asserts that the pointwise inverse of a nonzero function with absolutely convergent Four ...


This chapter describes the asymmetric synthesis and NMR analysis of the side chain of β-mannosyl phosphomycoketide, a natural product from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycoketide, containing a 1,5-methyl ramification with the five stereocenters exhibiting an all-syn relationship, was subjected to NMR analysis and compared to predicted spectra of all possible diastereoisomers. The resolution of empirical NMR data was enhanced by Traficante processing which allowed detailed analysis of the 1,5-methyl array. Comparison of the predicted and actual NMR spectra of mycoketide allowed us to unambiguously assess the relative stereochemistry and isomeric purity. Part of this chapter has been published: J. Buter, E. A-H. Yeh, O. W. Budavich, K. Damodaran, A. J. Minnaard, D. P. Curran, J. Org. Chem. 2013, 78, 4913. The work in this chapter is the result of a collaboration with the Curran laboratory (Pittsburgh University) who performed the NMR-studies of the provided synthetic material.


Individuals learning together do so less effectively than individuals learning alone, an effect known as the collaborative encoding deficit. In the present studies we examined whether providing participants with a warning about the collaborative encoding deficit would increase their encoding task performance, and reduce subsequent memory deficits. Across two experiments, specific warnings were beneficial for memory. Collaborating participants who were told about the collaborative encoding deficit, and who received suggestions for how to complete the encoding task, had superior memory than participants who received no warning. This benefit was not due to qualitative changes in encoding task performance, was unrelated to the type of collaboration utilised, was absent when a more general warning was utilised, and was unrelated to self-reported task motivation. Rather, specific warnings appear to protect against the collaborative encoding deficit by increasing time spent on, and attention directed to, the encoding task.


The principle of public key encryption numeration and the decipher course are recounted.The capability about a variety of numeration and their different application are assayed.A better method of network data encryption is proposed.


In this study,the effiency of sperm-mediated gene transfer was analyzed for foreign gene introduced into and intergrated in the silkworm′s genome and inherited by the offspring.Different concentration or conformation vector DNA including gfp or egfp report gene were used in the gene transfer experiment on silkworm.The results showed that 5 DNA samples extracted from 14 G_(0)generation spawns were positive by PCR(positive proportion 35.7%) after introduction linearized pG350 with the concentration 2.0 mg/mL into moth,and the results of PCR and Southern blot detection of G_1 generation indicated that the gfp gene was intergrated in the silkworm′s genome.The positive proportion of introduction linearized or circular pMD-Fib-IE-EGFP was 61.2% and 57.1% by PCR respectively.When the circular pEGFP-N3 was transferred with the concentration 1.2 mg/mL,the positive proportion was(46.2)% by PCR.The hybridization results indicated that the egfp gene had intergrated in the genome of G_0 generation silkworm.From this study,the conclusion was drawn that the sperm-mediated gene transfer technology could introduce foreign gene into silkworm,and the foreign gene also could intergrated in the genome and transmitted to G_1 generation.


In order to improve the communication efficiency of ForCES Transport Mapping Layer(ForCES TML),the paper proposes an evaluation model based on communication model of TML.The model tries to separate the communication process into two steps: connection-setup and data-transmission step.In both of them, it tries to calculate the main variables which consume system resource.Also combined with the analysis,we explore several interesting factors caused by the constrains and propose methods for generating optimal solution to communication efficiency.Simulation results show the effectiveness of the improvement.


Latin-Americanism, at least as practiced in humanistic disciplines within the North American university exists today as a strange kind of ritualized enclave, outwardly cosmopolitan, but,beneath the surface, increasingly provincial and sectarian. It has become a form of 'study' that, over the last couple of decades, has succeeded in inventing for itself a theoretically 'regional' object withalmost no remaining connection to any real place. This is the disturbing and no doubt contentious observation with which I begintoday, in a polemical spirit but also in a self-critical and reflectiveone.


SUMMARY In this article J. Lukowski has examined how the ideas of Montesquieu and Rousseau were used by the framers of the Polish constitution of 1791 to overcome the prevailing Sarmadan ideology of the Polish gentry. This assumed that the traditional institutions were perfect and were geared to block any attempt to change them. The first major breakthrough was to recognise the Chamber of Envoys in the Diet (Sejm) as the Embodiment of Rouseau's General Will, freeing it from the tradition of mandated delegates. This created a problem of how to prevent the strengthened royal executive using its extensive powers of patronage to subvert the newly sovereign legislature. Here too ideas taken from Montesquieu and Rosseau were used to give the executive Council control over the use of royal powers. The article concludes that the authors of the constitution of 1791 made skilful use of enlightenment ideas to appease the fears of the conservative gentry, while leaving open the possibility of future development towar...


To study the neurodynamics features in elite athletes from a gender perspective. The used of the following methods "Sensory-motor reaction", "Functional mobility of nervous processes", "Reaction to a moving object", "Endurance of the nervous system." The two groups of elite judokas with different sexes were studied. Revealed that male athletes higher performance and better visual perception of the effectiveness of visual information processing, the study of neural function, compared with women, which suggests the presence of cognitive component depending on the perception and processing of information from the floor in athletes. It is revealed that the male athletes, in terms of information load, better perform spontaneous, high-speed, but not enough trained motor actions, as compared to women.


We study the half-filled Hubbard model with Anderson and Coulomb disorder by mean of dynamical mean field theory using the geometrically averaged local density of states. The paramagnetic phase diagram of the model as a function of the Coulomb interaction and Anderson disorder strength is obtained. The spectral phase diagrams of the ground states for the model are also constructed and discussed. We show that in the intermediate and strong interaction regimes, the Coulomb disorder leads the metallic and Mott insulator phase regions shrink, while the Anderson insulator region is enlarged.


This paper examined ways by which nonconformity to confidentiality among accounting academics could lead to increased-recruitment-and-legal-costs to their employing universities in Ghana that offered accounting degree programmes. With a cross-sectional design, data collected from 1,225 accountants analysed via Cronbach's alpha, differences-between-proportions, and one-way ANOVA revealed that the impact of lack of confidentiality on increased-recruitment-and-legal-costs was not significant. The most outstanding ramification to the nonconformity problem among accounting academics was increase in expensive lawsuits against the universities. Universities must provide rules and regulations as well as incentives to ensure conformance to confidentiality by The fundamental principles of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants are integrity, objectivity, professional competence and due care, confidentiality, and professional behaviour (IFAC, 2010). This paper focuses on the fourth. Confidentiality is crucial in the life of every institution disregard for which could bring untold consequences to the individuals and their employers alike. Undeniably, the accounting profession, like any other, reasonably appreciates the need for its members to uphold this crucial ethical behavior and hence have listed it as one of its fundamental principles in its ethics code. The principles are not only listed by the profession, it requires every accountant, regardless of where they are engaged, and even accounting students, to live and do their work in consonance with the provisions in the code. By virtue of their work of training future accountants, those who teach accounting should be the most conforming group of accountants with respect to upholding the provisions in the code of ethics. Regrettably, however, the literature has demonstrated that some of these academics fail to conform in myriad ways. Academics' unethical behaviours such as using student assistants for personal work, sharing with colleagues confidential disclosures told to academic by a student, sharing with students confidential information about colleagues in class, using colleagues' confidential information to pursue personal interest, etc. (Robie & Kidwell, 2003; Engel & Smith, 1990; Tabachnick et al., 1991) are some of the commonest examples which are deemed to increase recruitment and legal costs for the employing institutions. The universities also experience high labour turnover on account of academics disclosing confidential information or telling lies about colleagues or publicly criticising or censuring them (Richards-Gustafson, 2013), and coercing or retaliating against other academics (Wile, 2013). It is against this backdrop that this study was conducted to examine some of the ways by which nonconformity to confidentiality among accounting academics could lead to increased recruitment and legal costs to their employing universities. The study concludes with computations of some of the probable financial costs that could be suffered by those universities whose accounting academics do not conform to the fundamental principle of confidentiality. 2. Theoretical and Conceptual Issues All professionals do have obligations, sense of responsibility and accountability towards their profession and its stakeholders. Nagy (2011) indicated that safeguarding information about an individual is a primary obligation of a psychologist. Similarly, belonging to a highly professional body, accountants have this sense of duty to the organisations in which they serve. Without a doubt, their duty extends further than themselves and their organisation to their profession and the public expects them to keep the highest ethical behaviour standards. They are responsible for their own competence and maintenance of confidentiality (Ogbonna & Ebinobowei, 2011) and other requirements of unquestionable ethical standards. From Canada to Egypt to Japan, accounting codes of ethics require accountants to conform to these principles. The fourth fundamental ethical requirement for accountants is confidentiality. The principle requires a professional accountant to respect the confidentiality of information acquired as a result of professional and business relationships and should not disclose any such information to third parties without proper and specific authority unless there is a legal or professional right or duty to disclose. Confidential


Using radioimmunoassay, we measured immunoreactive progestins and estrogens in 116 fecal samples of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) as potential indicators of pregnancy. Progestins provided a reliable diagnosis by Day 50 of pregnancy and for the remainder of the gestation period. Estrogen levels of pregnant females were distinctly high during the last trimester of pregnancy. Males had levels of progestins and estrogens comparable to nonpregnant females. Measuring reproductive hormones in the feces of free-ranging caribou is a noninvasive method to assess pregnancy with a high level of confidence. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 54(2):279-283 Pregnancy in wild ungulates can be detected by rectal palpation (Greer and Hawkins 1967), ultrasound (Barrett 1981), and serum assays (Wood et al. 1986). Often, the stress of capturing an animal for blood sampling and physical examination precludes use of these methods. Capture can increase mortality (Valkenburg et al. 1983), can reduce reproductive success (Ballard and Tobey 1981, Larsen and Gauthier 1989), and can be stressful in most situations. Furthermore, physical restraint might alter the normal endocrine profile of an animal, thus generating spurious results for serum assays (Welsh and Johnson 1981). The measurement of reproductive steroids and their metabolites excreted in urine (Kirkpatrick et al. 1988) or feces (Desaulniers et al. 1989) provides a new technique for detecting pregnancy among free-ranging mammals. During pregnancy of most mammals, estrogens and progesterone are produced by the placenta. These steroids and their metabolites circulate in the peripheral plasma of the mother (Robertson and King 1979) and may be excreted via urine, feces, and milk (Desaulniers 1989). Recent studies of captive animals revealed that measurements of estrogens and progestins (i.e., progesterone and its metabolites) in feces were indicative of pregnancy status (Bamberg et al. 1984, Safar-Herman et al. 1987, Desaulniers et al. 1989). We tested the use of steroid levels in feces as a pregnancy diagnosis for free-ranging caribou. The confirmation of pregnancy from field-collected feces would constitute an easy, noninvasive procedure with no mortality risk or stress to the animals. We thank D. Le Henaff and B. Picard for their field assistance. B. R. Neal, M. A. Ramsay, This content downloaded from 126.96.36.199 on Wed, 22 Jun 2016 06:49:51 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 280 PREGNANCY IN CARIBOU * Messier et al. J. Wildl. Manage. 54(2):1990 and 2 anonymous reviewers provided critical comments on the manuscript.


Vowels are the main components of Chinese syllables, and in order to produce standard Chinese pronunciation, it is essential to accurately distinguish the pronunciation of vowel variants under different conditions. Korean-speaking learners often struggle with differentiating Chinese non-low back vowels, leading to pronunciation errors. Through Praat speech analysis of formant values for the pronunciation of Chinese non-low back vowels by six participants, Korean L2 Chinese speakers and L1 Chinese speakers' vowel spaces were compared. It was found that the distinction between /ʅ / and /ɿ / was not very clear, with both vowels overall shifting closer to /i /. In terms of /u / and /o / pronunciation, Korean L2 Chinese speakers differentiated these two vowels mainly based on the value of F2, whereas L1 Chinese speakers primarily distinguished them by the difference in F1 values, indicating variations in tongue height. Furthermore, the F1 and F3 values for /ɣ / were higher for Korean L2 Chinese speakers, suggesting an incorrect interpretation of /ɣ / as a front vowel with slightly higher tongue position, whereas it should align closely with /o / in terms of height.


Quantum interferometry based on induced-coherence phenomena has demonstrated the possibility of undetected-photon measurements. Perturbation in the optical path of probe photons can be detected by interference signals generated by quantum mechanically correlated twin photons propagating through a different path, possibly at a different wavelength. To the best of our knowledge, this work demonstrates for the first time a hybrid-type induced-coherence interferometer that incorporates a Mach-Zehnder-type interferometer for visible photons and a Michelson-type interferometer for infrared photons, based on double-pass pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion. This configuration enables infrared optical measurements via the detection of near-visible photons and provides methods for characterizing the quality of measurements by identifying photon pairs of different origins. The results verify that the induced-coherence interference visibility is approximately the same as the heralding efficiencies between twin photons along the relevant spatial modes. Applications to both time-domain and frequency-domain quantum-optical induced-coherence tomography for three-dimensional test structures are demonstrated. The results prove the feasibility of practical undetected-photon sensing and imaging techniques based on the presented structure.


Abstract A transverse profile of velocity was measured across Ice Stream B, West Antarctica, in order to determine the role of the margins in the force balance of an active ice stream. The profile extended from near the ice-stream center line, through a marginal shear zone and on to the slow-moving ice sheet. The velocity profile exhibits a high degree of shear deformation within a marginal zone, where intense, chaotic crevassing occurs. Detailed analysis of the profile, using analytical and numerical models of ice flow, leads to the following conclusions regarding the roles of the bed and the margins in ice-stream dynamics: (i) The overall resistive drag on the ice stream is partitioned nearly equally between the margins and the bed and, thus, both are important in the force balance of the ice stream. (ii) The ice within the chaotic zone must be about 10 times softer than the ice in the central part of the ice stream. (iii) The average basal shear stress is 0.06 × 105 Pa. This implies that the entire bed cannot be blanketed by the weak, deformable till observed by Engelhardt and others (1990) near the center of the ice stream — there must be regions of increased basal drag. (iv) High strain rates and shear stresses in the marginal zones indicate that strain heating in the margins may be significant. While the exact quantitative values leading to these conclusions are somewhat model and location-dependent, the overall conclusions are robust. As such, they are likely to have importance for ice-stream dynamics in general.


Breast Cancer is the utmost usual cancer among the women and is also leading cause of deaths in women all over the world. However, with timely diagnosis its treatment is possible. So, mammography is the most common method for diagnosis through which we can have knowledge about its abnormalities, symptoms and different modalities that are used by the medical professionals to diagnose abnormal conditions. In this paper, a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system is developed that can detect the abnormalities from the input image. Firstly, the image is cropped to extract the ROI from the input image, and then it is pre-processed to enhance the details of ROI and then the masses are extracted from the input images using watershed transform as well as thresholding technique. The database taken is Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) that is an organization of UK research groups interested in the understanding of mammograms and has generated a database of digital mammograms. Keywords— CAD,CADx, MIAS, Mammography, Watershed Transform, Dilation, Erosion, and Thresholding.


This study aimed to investigate how science teachers perceived major features of the 2007 revised science curriculum and implementing them in classes. The 2007 revised science curriculum included critical features such as creativity, open inquiry, science writing, discussion and STS. In terms of necessity, clarity and complexity of those features for curriculum implementation, teacher perceptions were examined. Particularly with regard to open inquiry assigned 6 class periods per semester as one of the critical features of 2007 revised science curriculum, we asked teachers how they would prepare and implement the technique in their teaching. In results of this study, science teachers agreed on the necessity and importance of those major features of the 2007 revised science curriculum, including creativity, open inquiry, science writing, discussion, and STS. However, they were not clear on how those would work in their classrooms and expected various impediments. Open inquiry was specifically perceived as most negative in its implementation with the mention of various complex reasons. Based on findings in this study, we proposed the 'Dual Action Research Model' for curriculum implementation. It tries to explain how curriculum is implemented in classrooms and diminish the gaps between curriculum developers and teacher users by means of leading teachers to understand the curriculum meaningfully and implement their teaching based on this understanding.


Dictionaries define "backyard" as 'a yard at the rear of a house'. Some of them are used as parking lots, others as rubbish dumps. Often they appear very dark, probably as a result of the fact that nobody feels responsible for them. The inherent mystery of these hidden places in town has inspired many writers and has delivered a lot of material for cinema and art. Is there an oasis hidden in the city or do we face the dark side of town there? To find out, 62 architecture students were sent out to backyards in the city of Graz. In detective manner they observed the backyard city life. For 24 hours the atmosphere of the scene and the activities in it were carefully documented. This 'city in the city' experience provided the plot for reconstructing light and colour ambiences in a 1:1 scale in a laboratory setting. Students transformed real scenes into spatial installations. The project's success became apparent as the students improved their skills to analyse spatial transformations and embody them into light and colour expressions.


Novel thick film strain gauges have been constructed using a z‐axis orientation on insulated stainless steel for a variety of force sensing applications. These devices exhibit high gauge factor and good thermal stability compared with conventional x‐axis devices and offer other mechanical advantages due to their mode of operation. The work reported here investigates the characteristics of different types of stainless steel substrate and different types of insulating material used in the construction of the sensors. Both ferritic and austenitic steels have been investigated, together with different resistive and insulative compositions. The temperature coefficient of resistance of the devices has been shown to be a complex function of device thickness, surface area and the difference between the thermal coefficients of expansion of the various materials employed.


Recently, the interest in the mitigation of the damages caused by accidental events increased significantly. The knowledge of loads transfer mechanisms from the damaged to the undamaged part of the structure is the key for developing adequate design strategies. Despite the potential important role of flooring systems, research of this subject is still limited. A European Research Project aims at achieving an insight into the case of steel‐concrete composite frames with solid concrete slabs. Two geometrically different 3D composite sub‐frames are subjected to the loss of an internal column. The sub‐frames are a full‐scale portion of 5 stories 3D frames. Equivalence between the sub‐frames and the full‐frames required a series of careful numerical analysis, which enabled definition of the boundary restraints of the specimens and of the loading sequence in the test. The present paper illustrates these preparatory studies and gives some preliminary information about the outcomes of the first test.


European HIV testing numbers need to be improved for early HIV case finding. Recently, a Spanish study by Agusti et al 1 showed an HIV testing rate of 18.6% following the 4 months after HIV indicator (IC) diagnosis. We performed similar secondary analyses with 102 newly diagnosed HIV cases (2002–2012) from six general practices located in a high HIV prevalence area in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.2 In the medical records of these patients, we found an HIV testing rate of 26.0% in the 3 months after IC diagnosis.

In the …


(57) Abstract: Method and apparatus for automated cell analysis of biological specimens acquire an image to be analyzed to determine the interest candidate cell object (288) as to automatically scanned at low magnification. Low magnification image is converted from a first color space to a second color space (290). Then, color space converted image is low pass filtered (292), is compared to a threshold to remove artifacts and background subject from interest candidate target pixel of the color-converted image (294). The interest candidate target pixel being processed morphologically (296), arranged into groups of interest candidate target pixel together into groups, these groups were compared with the blob parameters (298), the medical diagnosis of a biological specimen identifying interest candidate object corresponding to the relevant cells or other tissues. Location coordinates of interest is stored, the candidate cells subject to additional images are acquired at high magnification. High magnification images are analyzed in the same manner as the low-magnification image in order to confirm the interest candidate object is of interest. High magnification images of interest candidate object is stored for review and evaluation after by pathologists.


Legal scholarship has begun to consider the implications of algorithmic pattern recognition systems, colloquially dubbed "artificial intelligence" or "AI," for intellectual property law. This emerging literature includes several analyses that breathlessly proclaim the imminent overthrow of intellectual property systems as we now know them. Indeed, some commentators have prophesied the demise of patentable innovation under the influence of AI research and development tools.

Although AI systems pose fundamental challenges to the many areas of law and legal institutions, careful consideration suggests that intellectual property generally, and the patent system particularly, encompasses sufficient flexibilities to address AI innovation. In many cases, previous accommodation of biotechnology within the patent system points the way similar accommodation of AI tools. However, the incorporation of AI innovation into patents reveals a significant gap in patent doctrine regarding issues of causation, which deserves resolution quite apart from the unnecessary furor over the intersection of AI and patent doctrine.


PropSim is an easy-to-use propeller simulation program for evaluating cruising propellers. The basic functions and usefulness are described in a first part, and the way it works in a second, where emphasis is given to explaining propeller physics in simple terms.


Refugees resettled in Western countries experience long periods of family separation due to waiting first for asylum, and then for family reunification. This study aimed to examine if family separation is associated with psychiatric disease among refugee fathers.

 We traversed full-population Danish administrative data since 1986 to establish a cohort of refugee fathers from nuclear families in which the father was the first to arrive and resettled alone during 1995-2015, and where the mother and children were later family reunified. We followed these fathers for up to 24 years from the day their residence permit was issued until their first psychiatric diagnosis, emigration, death, or study end, whichever came first. Using Cox proportional hazard regression, we estimated the temporary and longer-term risks of psychiatric disorders for i) the total family separation period, and ii) the family separation decomposed into time waiting for, respectively, asylum and family reunification.

 6176 fathers were included in the study. The HR assessing the temporary risk of psychiatric disorders was 2.23[95% CI: 1.72-2.89] for separated fathers compared with those who were already family reunified. As to the longer-term risk, compared with fathers separated for 0-9 months, the HR of psychiatric disorders was 1.54[1.08-2.21] after +9-12 months of separation, increasing to 1.84[1.29-2.62] after +24 months of separation. The decomposition analysis revealed that +6 months of waiting increased the risk of any psychiatric disorder by approximately 40% for both time waiting for asylum and time waiting for family reunification.

 Strong evidence supports that fathers waiting for their wives and children face an increased risk of psychiatric disease. Countries receiving refugees should be aware that delayed family reunification can lead to adverse mental health effects.

 Family separation is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disease among refugee fathers—both while the fathers are separated from their families and after family reunification. The risk of psychiatric disease is more than double among refugee fathers still separated from their family compared with those who have been family reunified.


Air Force More-Electric Aircraft Systems require high-current switching devices such as MOS controlled thyristors and insulated gate bipolar transistors for motor controls and inverters. These hermetically sealed, high-heat-dissipating devices cannot be cooled adequately by conventional air cooled heat sinks. Rather, advanced and efficient ways of mounting and cooling are necessary to handle the large heat fluxes dissipated by these devices. An IGBT and an MCT device were independently tested in hard-switching mode up to 70A peak load-current and 270 Vdc at 1--5 kHz frequency and 50% duty cycle when cooled by the venturi flow system. Steady state electrical and thermal dissipation measurements were made and compared for both devices. The test results are expected to aid the motor control circuit designers and to emphasize the need for efficient convective cooling for these high power devices.


Humanitarian intervention is one of the most important international law issues in recent
years. On the one hand there is one of the basic principles of international law on the
prohibition of the use of force and the principle of the sovereignty of states; on the other
hand, there is a necessity to intervene in the event of severe and systematic violations of
human rights done by states in their own countries. This situation causes to look for an
appropriate solution. In this article, legitimacy of humanitarian intervention is dealth with
within the framework of both in and outside of the UN system. Meaning of peace according
to the United Nations Convention is examined through the decisions that Security
Council made.


In recent years, the increase in mail-order users tends to increase the demand for robot unmanned transport vehicles that transport packages in warehouses and factories. However, the unmanned transport vehicle currently in use runs on magnetic tape and stops when there is a load on the runway, so transport efficiency is poor. So there is a need to detect and avoid obstacles. Currently, ultrasonic sensors, PSD sensors, cameras and 2-D LiDAR are used as obstacle detection sensors. These sensors have several disadvantages. Ultrasonic sensors and PSD sensors can only measure at a point (one dimension) and are susceptible to illumination and noise. In the case of a camera, it is necessary to update the background image, which is time-consuming and costly. Although 2-D LiDAR can be measured in a wide range, it requires a drive system equipped with a rotating mirror etc. and has problems with cost and durability. In order to solve the above problems, in this research, an obstacle is detected using a line laser and a camera, and the distance to the obstacle and the shape are recognized to avoid the obstacle and transport it efficiently. We propose an obstacle recognition method. In this method, not only obstacle detection but also shape recognition can be carried out, and even if there is an obstacle on the runway, it can be flexibly avoided and efficiently transported.


THAT THE MORAL AND THEOLOGICAL ISSUES discussed in what follows are not "academic" matters, we are reminded by an exchange that moved theater-goers four centuries ago. KING HENRY Methinks I could not die anywhere so contented as in the king's company,--his cause being just and his quarrel honourable. WILLIAM That's more than we know. BATES Ay, or more than we should seek after, for we know enough if we know we are the king's subjects: if his cause be wrong, our obedience to the king wipes the crime of it out of us. WILLIAM But if the cause be not good, the king himself hath a heavy reckoning to make when all those legs and arms and heads, chopped off in a battle, shall join together at the latter day and cry all, We died at such a place; some swearing; some crying for a surgeon; some upon their wives left poor behind them; some upon the debts they owe; some upon their children rawly left. I am afeared there are few die well that die in a battle, for how can they charitably dispose of anything when blood is their argument? Shakespeare, King Henry V, iv. i. The Origins of Just War Theory It has become a commonplace to assert that "just war theory" arose from a Christian tradition formulated by St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas. This half-truth conceals both the indebtedness of each to earlier thinkers as well as the profound differences between them that have important consequences. It is also often claimed that just war theory has been developed in order to justify wars favored by authors of the theory. This claim is confuted by the historical circumstances in which Christian thinking on this subject reached its fullest development. In what follows, I hope to stimulate constructive doubt about these opinions. I wish to indicate that as just war doctrine matured it also progressively departed from Augustine's point of view. Augustine makes a significant contribution to moral wisdom about war, but he does not contribute to a theory of war's justice. I shall also suggest that just war doctrine was both a distinctively Catholic achievement and one that could, for that very reason, be appropriated by all conscientious persons. Fatuous as it may be to assign provenance to great movements in human thought, international law has been repeatedly assigned either of two originators. The more widely known is the seventeenth-century Dutch Calvinist scholar, jurist, and diplomat, Hugo Grotius. (1) The other candidate is the sixteenth-century Spanish Dominican philosopher and theologian, Francisco de Vitoria. (2) By a winsome irony there exists at The Hague a plaque dedicated to "The Founder of International Law." The plaque was erected by the Grotius Society. The person it honors is Vitoria. My present interest in this amicable question of origins is the symbolic focus it provides. For between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, a progressive though erratic Catholic doctrinal development reached its maturity. It subsequently shed its ecclesiastical particularities and entered upon a new tradition, secular and juridical. (3) Finally, after two world wars, the theory has gained firmer footing in practice through the League of Nations and the United Nations. I hope to indicate two things in this condensed account: first, how just war theory originated as a moral doctrine; and second, how it was modified by the principles of authoritative thinkers and refined in controversy generated by unforeseen events. I shall stop at the period commonly labeled Renaissance and Reformation because it was then that just war theory, in essence nearly complete, ceased to be part of specifically Christian intellectual history and became part of the new jurisprudence of international law. After that time, Catholic just war theory participated in a general stagnation of post-Reformation Catholic moral and political thought that continued to the nineteenth century. During the same period, mainstream Protestant religious thinkers paid it little attention beyond insisting, against Protestant pacifists, that wars certainly could be just and--at least when conducted by Protestant rulers--were best presumed to be so. …


. The evaluation of quality culture in military enterprises is an important work in the quality culture construction of military industry, which is conducive to accurately understanding the weaknesses in the culture construction, horizontal comparison, inspection, and supervision, and can also be used for the outcome evaluation and work improvement of culture construction. The quality culture evaluation of military enterprises needs a set of scientific and feasible evaluation schemes, which mainly includes the establishment of an evaluation team, data evaluation, and on-site evaluation. The evaluation indicators system in the data evaluation phase includes process indicators of quality culture construction and outcome indicators of quality culture construction. The evaluation key points in the on-site evaluation phase mainly include leadership and staff quality, the protection of cultural construction resources, process control and product quality, infrastructure and cultural carrier, etc.


Epiphytic and tree-phase individuals of two hemiepiphytic figs (Ficus pertusa and F. trigonata) growing in a seasonally dry palm savanna in central Venezuela were compared on the bases of leaf longevity and temporal patterns of leaf production and loss. Epiphytic plants of both species produced new leaves more often and had a greater number of transitions from leaf-bearing to leafless than conspecific trees during the two-year observation period. Leaf production by epiphytic plants but not by trees of either species was positively correlated with rainfall received during the fortnight prior to phenological observation. Epiphytic plants of both species were leafless or nearly so during more of the year and had more separate episodes of becoming deciduous than conspecific trees. Periods of leaf loss generally coincided with dry periods but the negative correlation with rainfall during the previous fortnight was significant only for F. pertusa trees. Leaf life spans were shorter on epiphytic than on tree-phase figs. Pattems of leaf production and loss are interpreted to be responses to water deficits suffered by epiphytes, deficits that are at least partially overcome when plants becomes deeply rooted in the ground.


A total of 166 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Khorasan Kurdish ewes' milk cheese and identified phenotypically. They belonged to six genera and 26 species. Of the isolates, 65.7% were identified as Lactobacilli, 13.3% as Lactococci, 9.6% as Pediococci, 6.0% as Enterococci, 3.6% as Leuconostocs and 1.8% as Weissella. Lactobacilli were subdivided into three main groups: facultatively heterofermentative (30.12%); obligately heterofermentative (25.3%); and obligately homofermentative (10.24%). Lc. lactis subsp. lactis, Lb. plantarum, Lb. brevis, Lb. helveticus and Lb. buchneri were the dominant species of all the LABs isolated from the samples, while the dominant species of each genus were Lb. plantarum, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis, P. acidilactici, E. faecum, Leu. lactis and W. confusa. Non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) constituted 73% of all isolates.


The ferrimagnetic mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 cubic Ising nanowire is studied in the framework of the Monte Carlo simulation. The competition between the bilinear interaction and crystal field of spin-1 atoms as well as the nanowire size effect is highlighted. The corresponding phase diagram is discussed showing compensation points and critical second-order phase transitions. The effect of an external magnetic field and the hysteresis loops behavior are also carried out. Finally, we compare our results with other works in the literature.


A multibeam antenna fed by cluster horns can reduce sidelobe level, and a design method for determining antenna parameters is described as well as its electrical properties. The horn size and the antenna aperture diameter are determined, and a relation between the horn excitation amplitude distribution and the sidelobe level is discussed. Degradation of sidelobe level is given as a result of errors in horn size, frequency, and excitation amplitude. The received mode analysis method is optimized when horns are displaced from the focal point of the antenna, and the excitation distribution is determined. Finally, results are described of the present method, which is applied to the domestic satellite-borne multibeam antenna.


Objectives: To study the effect of hyperinsulinemia on ovulatory dysfunction of the rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods: Female SD rats aged 85 days were divided into two groups in pairs.The study group was given human chorionic gonadotropin for 9 days and insulin for 22 days.The control group followed the same procedure but normal saline was given instead.The levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG),serum fasting insulin(FINS) and sex hormones in blood of both groups were detected.Ovarian follicles of two groups were counted by morphometric analysis and GDF-9 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results:(1) The levels of FBG,FINS and testosterone were significantly higher in study group than those in control group(P0.01).(2)In contrast to the control group,the ovaries in study group demonstrated the higher ratio of follicular cysts with prominent thecal and interfollicular stromal proliferation.(3) The expression of GDF-9 protein in the ovaries of study group was significantly lower than that in control group(P0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that hyperinsulinemia inhibits follicular development,possibly through down-regulation of GDF-9 in the rat ovary,implying that GDF-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS.


7 ES P E Poster presented at: M. Cerbone1,2, M. Güemes1,2, N. Improda1, M.T. Dattani1,2 1London Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes at Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital and University College London Hospitals; 2Section of Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, University College London Great Ormond Street Hospital Institute of Child Health, London


WHEN the Ministry of Aircraft Production drastically reduced the military aircraft programme in 1945, forecasts had to be made of the consequential reductions in labour requirements in the aircraft factories. During the drawn‐out build‐up period, and the period of relative stability in 1944, labour forecasts had been made with somewhat arbitrary adjustments, and not entirely without success, on a pro rata basis. With the end of the war in sight, the forecasters were faced with a programme that showed a reduction of something like 75 per cent in output to be achieved in the course of a few months. Could the pro rata assumption give labour forecasts even approaching the right order of magnitude?


In meshless methods, the moving least squares approximation technique is widely used to approximate a solution space because of its useful numerical characters such as nonelement approximation, easily controllable smoothness, and others. In this work, a generalized version of the moving least squares method Is introduced to enhance the approximation performance through the Information converning to the derivative of the field variable. The results of numerical tests for approximation verify the improved accuracy of the generalized meshless approximation procedure compared to the conventional moving least squares method. By using this generalized moving least squares method, meshless analysis of thin beam is carried out, and its performance is investigated.


Abstract The computational complexity of an algorithm is traditionally measured for the worst and the average case. The worst-case estimation guarantees a certain worst-case behavior of a given algorithm, although it might be rough, since in "most instances" the algorithm may have a significantly better performance. The probabilistic average-case analysis claims to derive an average performance of an algorithm, say, for an "average instance" of the problem in question. That instance may be far away from the average of the problem instances arising in a given real-life application, and so the average case analysis would also provide a non-realistic estimation. We suggest that, in general, a wider use of probabilistic models for a more accurate estimation of the algorithm efficiency could be possible. For instance, the quality of the solutions delivered by an approximation algorithm may also be estimated in the "average" probabilistic case. Such an approach would deal with the estimation of the quality of the solutions delivered by the algorithm for the most common (for a given application) problem instances. As we illustrate, the probabilistic modeling can also be used to derive an accurate time complexity performance measure, distinct from the traditional probabilistic average-case time complexity measure. Such an approach could, in particular, be useful when the traditional average-case estimation is still rough or is not possible at all.


: Many non-profit resource sharing organizations and collectives (e.g., libraries of things) and local peer-to-peer exchange initiatives leverage underutilized personal resources, such as household tools, to optimize their use. These local sharing initiatives and arrangements often suffer from challenges of continued participation, visibility of members' interactions as well as interpersonal trust among the membership, which prevent their sustainable development. In prior work, we engaged in a field study of Pumpipumpe, a local resource sharing community in Switzerland to identify members' needs and requirements to support sharing practices among neighbors. Following insights from this study, we conducted a generative participatory workshop with six community members and design and sustainability experts to approach these emergent challenges. We present the design artifacts that we have developed for the co-creation workshop as well as three design alternatives that our participants conceptualized to address issues of visibility of social interactions and trust among neighbors. Abstract. Many non-profit resource sharing organizations and collectives (e.g., libraries of things) and local peer-to-peer exchange initiatives leverage underutilized personal resources, such as household tools, to optimize their use. These local sharing initiatives and arrangements often suffer from challenges of continued participation, visibility of members' interactions as well as interpersonal trust among the membership, which prevent their sustainable development. In prior work, we engaged in a field study of Pumpipumpe, a local resource sharing community in Switzerland to identify members' needs and requirements to support sharing practices among neighbors. Following insights from this study, we conducted a generative participatory workshop with six community members and design and sustainability experts to approach these emergent challenges. We present the design artifacts that we have developed for the co-creation workshop as well as three design alternatives that our participants conceptualized to address issues of visibility of social interactions and trust among neighbors.


Data gathered in a descriptive-comparative study on 1320 Argentine adolescent students are reported. Samples include subjects living in three different geographical regions: Buenos Aires, Tucuman and Patagonia. For psychological assessment the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) in its Spanish version and a sociodemographic survey were used. We present data analyzed by sex, age and region, pointing out main differences found. Significant statistical differences by region, gender and age were found for some of the psychopathological dimensions analyzed. These data allow to hypothesize that differences in social norms and cultural patterns could explain differences in the way adolescents construct and express their emotions, mainly those called negative affects or psychological distress.


A difference weighing method applied to sachets of diet on which groups of 40–50 larval Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were allowed to feed for 24 hours gave information on the absolute and relative uptake of different diets in terms of the fluid volume of diet and the amounts of nutrients taken up per aphid per day.


British author Philip Pullman's celebrated trilogy for young readers, His Dark Materials [Northern Lights/Golden Compass (1995), The Subtle Knife (1997), The Amber Spyglass (2000)], has reached a broad spectrum of readers, from those appreciating his metaphysical imagination and literary depth to those charmed by his suspenseful and emotional storytelling. Pullman's trilogy is distinguished not only for its narrative and poetic power but also for its awareness of literary tradition. His Dark Materials confronts some of the most urgent dilemmas of our time without suggesting answers but rather a way of meeting them with courage and surviving them with grace. Edited by Millicent Lenzrenowned for her study of Pullman's workthis is the first book to place His Dark Materials in critical perspective. The fourteen diverse essays within offer literary and historical analysis as well as approaches from such disciplines as theology, storytelling, and linguistics 1886167249 03e040305-56


A simple technique which employs a bias current with a positive nonlinear temperature coefficient is used to compensate for the temperature variations of the transconductance in a CMOS linearised differential pair. Simulated results show that a temperature drift of less than 100 ppm/ o C can be obtained in the 0-100 o C range


From 2012-2016, Jialan Wang was employed at the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which oversees a number of policies that are relevant to the paper. Kathleen Burke was employed at the CFPB from 2013-2014. Besides salary support, both received access to the data as employees of the CFPB. Jialan Wang worked on this paper as an unpaid visiting scholar at the CFPB from 2017 to 2020. The CFPB reviewed this paper prior to circulation for the purposes of maintaining consumer and lender confidentiality. We are grateful to Sean Hundtofte, Carlos Parra, and Victor Stango and participants at the American Law and Economics Association, CFPB, FDIC Consumer Research Symposium, National University of Singapore, and SFS Cavalcade for valuable comments. We are thankful to Jesse Leary for contributing to an earlier version of this paper, circulated as "Information Disclosure and Payday Lending in Texas," and to Yucheng Zhou, Yunrong Zhou, Renhao Jiang, Deepti Kumari, Di (Freddy) Li, Bo Lyu, Prarthana Patel, Vikas Venkatapathy, Lihan Yu, Filipe Correia, and Peter Han for research assistance. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau or the United States, and should not be interpreted as those of the Congressional Budget Office or the National Bureau of Economic Research. Any errors are our own.


In an extract from her new Practical Pre-School Book, Jenny Barber looks at how practitioners can recognise the signs that children are actively learning, and how they can build on that by planning appropriate activities.


Objective: To examine the feasibility of the Motivational Interview based Adherence Therapy (MIAT) with family support program. Method: This pilot study used purposive sampling to recruit 8 patients with schizophrenia and their major family caregivers. These patients received outpatient treatment at the Mental Health and Psychiatric Department, Abhakorn Kiattiwong Hospital, Sattahip Naval Base, Chon Buri province, Thailand. They were in adulthood (age 20 - 59 years), with diagnosis of schizophrenia disorder within 5 years, and with a previous history of re-hospitalization due to recurrent severe psychiatric symptoms from medication non-compliance. Instruments included demographic data record form, the Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire, the Hogan Drug Attitude Inventory, the Medication Adherence Questionnaire, the MIAT with family support program, and a program evaluation questionnaire. Schizophrenic patients participated in 6 weekly sessions, 45 - 60 minutes per sessiom. Family caregiver for each patient participated in 3 rd and 6 th week. Three aspects of adherence were assessed at before and after 6 sessions, and 1 month follow-up after the last session. Descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: Scores of insight into illness, adherence attitude, and adherence behavior at post-test and follow-up were significantly higher than the pre-test (P-value < 0 .05 for all). The participants and family caregivers were satisfied with the program's activities. Suggestions were feasible to adjust the program. Conclusion: The Motivational Interview based Adherence Therapy (MIAT) with family support program was feasible for further studies with a larger sample size.


The article focuses on the novel "Mansfield Park", which explores the category of «Englishness» through the prism of the concept of marriage. In the novel by Jane Austen marriages are presented through the opposition of Englishness/ Britishness, authenticity/simulation, and are also through the concepts of endogamy and exogamy. In the novel by Jane Austen only one marriage between Edmund Bertram and Fanny Price can be considered as the embodiment of genuine Englishness and, accordingly, endogamy. This becomes possible primarily due to the image of Fanny, whose pastoral essence, connected with the motive of authenticity, turns out to be very important for understanding "Englishness".


The fracture behaviors near the interface crack tip for mode II of orthotropic bimaterial are discussed. The oscillatory singularity fields are researched. The stress functions are chosen which contain twelve undetermined coefficients and an unknown singularity exponent. Based on the boundary conditions and linear independence, the system of twelve nonhomogeneous linear equations is derived. According to the condition for the system of nonhomogeneous linear equations which has a solution, the singularity exponent is determined. Total coefficients are found by means of successive elimination of the unknowns. The theoretical formulae of stress intensity factors and analytic solutions of stress field near the interface crack tip are obtained. The crack tip field is shown by figures.


The invention relates to a control device (10) for a heating device (1), having a control unit (18) thermostat (13), wherein the control unit (18) is connected to a power source that is used to operate the control unit (18). According to the invention, it is provided that the energy source as an energy source (15; 15a) is formed, which in the presence of temperature differences between the two reference points (11, 12) generates power.


Having children at an early age is known to be associated with unfavorable economic outcomes, such as lower education, employment and earnings. In this paper, we study the long-term consequences of early parenthood for mothers and fathers. Our study is based on rich register-based data that, importantly, merges all childbirths to the children's mothers and fathers, allowing us to study the consequences of early parenthood for both parents. We perform a sibling fixed effects analysis in order to account for unobserved family attributes that are possibly correlated with early parenthood. The analysis is based on Danish men and women born between 1968 and 1977, from whom we identify brothers and sisters, respectively. We find that early parenthood reduces educational attainment and employment, and that the relationship is only slightly weaker for men than for women. One exception is earnings (and to lesser extent employment), as fathers appear to support the family, especially when early parenthood is combined with cohabitation with the mother and the child. Heterogeneous effects reveal that individuals with a more favorable socioeconomic background are affected more severely than individuals with a less favorable background. We interpret this as evidence of higher opportunity costs or stigma.


Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is considered a risk factor for the development of cognitive difficulties. The present study examined whether the cognitive performance of Chinese children with T1DM differs from that of healthy control (HC) children, and whether cognitive dysfunction is related to glycemic control.


An embodiment of the invention provides an interleaved sequence constructing method, an interleaving-based information processing method and a transceiver. The interleaved sequence constructing methodcomprises the steps of constructing a plurality of pseudo random sequences according to the preset length of a to-be-constructed interleaved sequence; for each constructed pseudo random sequence, constructing at least one corresponding numerical digit random sequence according to the numbers of more than two kinds of numerical values in the pseudo random sequence; and for each constructed pseudorandom sequence and the corresponding numerical bit random sequence, and constructing a corresponding interleaving sequence according to a mapping relation between the pseudo random sequence and the numerical digit random sequence so that a plurality of interleaving sequences are used as a multiple-access resource for distribution. According to the interleaved sequence constructing method, relatively low computation amount and relatively short time delay are realized in a construction mode of combining the interleaved sequence or pseudo random sequence and the numerical digit random sequence;the combination of the interleaved sequence, or the pseudo random sequence and the numerical digit random sequence is used as a multiple-access user identification, thereby facilitating distribution to the receiver at the user end and facilitating standardization.


The increase of eletric vehicle numbers would lead a considerable reduction in polluting gases emittion. However, there are several challenges related to the connection of electric vehicles and renewable sources to the electrical power system. The main objective of this work is to study the behavior of an electric vehicle battery recharging system composed of a set of photovoltaic solar panels connected to the electric power grid. Thus, the energy generated by the solar panels is preferably used to recharge the electric vehicle where the generated energy is injected into the power grid. In situations where the generation of energy by the panels is less than the demand of the electric vehicle, the grid complements the required energy. The topology and operation of the system studied in this paper consists essentially of the power management of three static converters, which share the same DC link. The simulation results indicate that the system works properly even on days of small power production at photovoltaic solar panels.


1. Specialist in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Associate Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Dept., Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2. Dentist, Public Health Center, Bardsir, Iran 3. Dentist, Prosthetics Dept., School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran  Received: 8 Apr, 2008  Accepted: 19 Aug, 2008


The synthesis and testing issues for certain nonclassical faults (delay and bridging faults) are considered. Cost versus performance tradeoffs in synthesizing circuits which are robust delay fault testable are first examined. A new type of scan latch design is presented for robust delay fault testability of sequential circuits. The testability of bridging faults in combinational logic is also addressed. Tests are generated using implicit don't cares obtained for the circuit during the synthesis process. A PODEM-based algorithm has been developed for fast detection of a class of bridging faults.<<ETX>>


use of this distinction. And when we are confronted with terms of trade gains or losses between individual industries, caused by changes in relative prices that have been created artificially by protectionism, it would be most unfortunate to give it up. It does involve a lot of nasty index ambiguities, but that is a difficulty we have to live with, if at all we want to break down real national income changes in terms of trade gains, changes in primary factor quantities, and changes in productivity of primary factors. se of this distinctio . And when we are confronted REFERENCES


Pose variation which brings illumination change, occlusion and non-linear scale variation, dramatically drops the performance of face recognition systems. In this paper, we propose a novel pose invariant face recognition method, in which we build a joint sparse coding scheme to predict face images from a certain pose to another. By introducing autoregressive regularization and symmetric information, our algorithm could achieve high robustness to local misalignment and large pose differences. Besides, we propose a new coarse pose estimation algorithm by collaborative representation classifier, which is very fast and enough accurate for our synthesis algorithm. The experiment results on multi-pose subsets of CMU-PIE and FERET database show the efficiency of the proposed method on multi-pose face recognition.


Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether adjustment factors for lamb weight (covering ewe age, litter size, sex and lamb age) should be different for different types of flocks. The appropriateness of using common adjustment factors for all flocks was studied with respect to interaction between the adjusted effects and with region, flock size and production level. The survey was based on data from the Swedish Sheep Recording Scheme from the years 1981–83, comprising the main breed groups Swedish Peltsheep (P), Swedish Landrace (L), Swedish Crossbred (X), the imported heavy breeds (K) and some minor breeds Swedish Finewool (Lf), Swedish Rya (Lr) and Swedish Crossbreds with crossbred parents (X*X). Interactions with region revealed that ram lambs (P, L, X) and lambs born to one-year old ewes (P and X) were in general given slightly too high adjusted weights in the northern part of Sweden. K-Group ram lambs tended to be slightly favoured in the western region. The adjustment factors were approp...


for tomorrow's test when your antivirus software prompts you with a message indicating new virus definitions are available. Would you update the antivirus software now or later or not at all? Imagine now that you're browsing online and you receive an instant message (IM) with a friendly greeting and a Web page link from one of your IM buddies. She asks that you follow the link to see an amusing picture. You're not busy at the moment but would you click on the link? These vignettes illustrate the kinds of computer-security situations that people encounter on a daily basis. They are often mundane, seemingly small decisions that hide the potential for a security incident. While new authentication mechanisms can replace passwords to offer more secure and user-friendly security, any computer security situation that involves an action or decision from the user is open to risk. Therefore, understanding how users perceive and make security decisions is fundamental to designing security features that users will use and use well.


January 11, 2020 marks the centenary of the birth of Vassiliy Ilyich Nechaev, a well-known Soviet mathematician, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Number Theory of Moscow Pedagogical State University (MSPU). Vassiliy Ilyich Nechaev has made a significant contribution to Development of Russian scientific school on number theory. The research of Professor V. I. Nechaev and his disciples in the field of analytical number theory and its applications is very considerable. Moreover, the scientific and educational activities of Professor V.I. Nechaev have been very influential in the development of methods of teaching mathematics at colleges for teacher education. V. I. Nechaev was a leading figure at the scientific school and the organizer of the analytic number theory research seminar at the Moscow State Pedagogical University. Among his many students received their PhD and doctoral degrees. Vassiliy Ilyich Nechaev has published a large number of scientific and methodical works, was a translator of several fundamental scientific monographs. He was for many years a member of the editorial board of the journal "Mathematical Notes" and served as a member of the program committees of many international conferences on algebra and number theory.


e-Published: 1 July 2020 Abstract Introduction: Radical prostatectomy is an effective curative treatment option for organ-confined prostate cancer. There is a recent trend in offering curative treatment to patients with oligometastatic disease. More sensitive imaging modalities can identify oligometastatic disease that is not usually detected by conventional imaging techniques. Case presentation: We present a case in which a solitary left para-aortic metastatic lesion was ablated; using CyberKnife image-guided stereotactic radiotherapy after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy with negative margins and negative lymph node status. Conclusion: With the increasing number of patients diagnosed with oligometastatic prostate cancer, there is a paradigm shift towards its treatment with curative intent. The unusual sites of metastasis, can be cured effectively with Cyber Knife technology, whilst minimising adverse effects. Our report is an effort to highlight this technique as an effective treatment modality to be used and popularised as a standard option. CyberKnife Ablation of a Solitary Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis After Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Faith Hirri1, *, Muhammad Arshad Irshad Khalil1, Muhammad Shoaib Anwar Bajwa1, Naveed Afzal1


Theory of Ergonomics as a Science. A Short Historical Survey of the Development of Ergonomic Ideas. Ergonomics as a Complex Science. Ergonomics as an Empirical Science. Is Ergonomics an Applied Science? The Place of Ergonomics in the Classification of Sciences. The Structure of Ergonomics as a Science. The Subject of Ergonomics. Why Use the Formula-Man-Technics? Humanistic Technics - A New Paradigm. Practicism - a Strange View for Ergonomics. Theoretical Constructs in Ergonomics. Stratification of Aims and Tasks in Ergonomics. The Problem of the Definition of Ergonomics. The State and Perspectives of Development of Ergonomics. Interdisciplinary Connections in Ergonomics. Ergonomics and Labour Hygienics. Ergonomics and Anthropology. Ergonomics and Labour Medicine. Ergonomics and Labour Physiology. Ergonomics and Ergonomic Psychology. Ergonomics and Pedagogics. Ergonomics, Sociology and Social Politics. Ergonomics and Praxeology. Ergonomics and Technics. Ergonomics and Technology. Ergonomics and Work Organization. Ergonomics and Aesthetics. Methodological Principles in Ergonomics. The Principle of Complex Approach. The Principle of System Approach. The Principle of Anthropocentralism. The Principle of Optimization. The Principle of Bilateral Adaptation of Both Subsystems in the Ergonomic System Man-Technics. The Principle of Dominant. The Principle of Parsimony. The Principle of the Integration of Theory with Practice. The Principle of Assimilation of Modern Theories. Transition from Theory to Practice. Metatheory in Ergonomics. Metapractice in Ergonomics. Diagnosis and Expert Evidence in Ergonomics. Ergonomics in Industrial Design. Ergonomics in Agriculture. Ergonomics in Forestry. Bibliography. Summary. Author Index. Subject Index. List of Figures.


In Italy, the potential of geophysical prospection for the characterization of archaeological landscapes, especially in previously unexplored rural or formerly urban areas, has rarely been acknowledged or seriously tested in the field, leaving the character and density of rural settlement across time virtually unknown outside areas favourable to aerial survey. It is obvious, however, that the open countryside must conceal a wide variety of archaeological information, difficult to detect and analyse within an Italian research framework largely dominated in the past by field‐walking survey and artefact collection. In response, this article presents some initial results and practical lessons from a programme of large‐scale magnetic survey aimed at the initial exploration of the lowland landscape of the Grosseto‐Roselle valley, a few kilometres inland from the Adriatic coast, in south‐western Tuscany. It is hoped that the results briefly illustrated here will encourage others to undertake similar work elsewhere in Italy and around the Mediterranean as part of a move away from an essentially 'site‐based' approach towards a truly 'landscape' perspective.


Abstract Reconnaissance, surface collecting, and test excavation were carried on in Salts Cave in August, 1963, by a joint Illinois State Museum-Cave Research Foundation expedition in cooperation with the National Park Service. Various analyses and secondary investigations have continued since then. The main upper passages of the cave were extensively visited during the last millennium B.C. by a prehistoric people who are probably to be assigned to the Early Woodland culture grouping. They were exploiting the mineral resources of the cave, primarily sulfate crystalline deposits, at least one of which is cathartic. Some individuals penetrated nearly two miles into the cave, using cane torches. Quantities of prehistoric, dried human feces are available and are yielding important dietary information. The people were apparently cultivating some plant species, including sunflower (Heliarn thus annus) and two members of the classic tropical horticultural complex, squash and gourd (Cucurbita pepo and Lagenarid siceraria). There is as yet no evidence that they grew or used maize (Zea mays).


The use of ethyl methacrylate as a permanent, transparent, colorless medium for mounting in toto invertebrate and vertebrate embryos and small adults is demonstrated.The liquid monomer is partially polymerized by heating over a hot-plate, the reaction being aided by the use of benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst. The object to be mounted is fixed, stained, dehydrated, and cleared in the usual manner, and is then infiltrated with the partially polymerized ethyl methacrylate. It is oriented on a hardened base in a glass or porcelain dish, and the mold is then allowed to harden (polymerize) completely at a temperature of 38-40° C. under a 250-watt infra-red, ultra-violet bulb. After the block is removed from the dish it may be polished by the ordinary metallurgical methods. More than 40 species of animals have been satisfactorily treated in this manner.


Nonfullerene electron acceptor materials have gained enormous attention due to their potential as replacements of fullerene electron acceptors in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. A novel thiophene bridged selenophene-containing perylene diimide acceptor PDISe-T has been synthesized and applied as an acceptor in nonfullerene organic photovoltaic cells. The inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) solar cells based on PDISe-T:PBT7-Th (acceptor:donor) blends give a power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of 2.53% with an open-circuit voltage ([Formula: see text] of 0.92[Formula: see text]V, a [Formula: see text] of 6.55[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], and a fill factor (FF) of 0.42.


The thermodynamic properties of the (2+1)-dimensional non-rotating black hole of Ba\~nados, Teitelboim and Zanelli are discussed. The first quantum correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is evaluated within the on-shell Euclidean formalism, making use of the related Chern-Simons representation of the 3-dimensional gravity. Horizon and ultraviolet divergences in the quantum correction are dealt with a renormalization of the Newton constant. It is argued that the quantum correction due to the gravitational field shrinks the effective radius of a hole and becomes more and more important as soon as the evaporation process goes on, while the area law is not violated.


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Foreword Preface: Successful Small Open Economies and the Importance of Good Institutions On the Road to Prosperity: An Introduction Economic Growth and Structural Change -- A Century and a Half of Catching-up Feeding Economic Growth: Agriculture Business: Rooted in Social Capital over the Centuries Foreign Trade and Transport The Labour Market, 1850-2000 Monetary Aspects of a Changing Economy Guns and Butter -- Central Government Spending in the 20th Century Income Distribution in the 20"' Century Productivity Growth: The Role of Human Capital and Technology The Tension Between the Social and the Economic -- A Historical Perspective on a Welfare State.


We should pay attention to the cultivation of their morals need in the moral work.The channels to cultivate university students include launching moral education actively;optimizing the moral environment;strengthening the morals institutionalized construction of university students; changing the structure and condition of university students, Setc.


We present a Nd:YVO4 cavity-dumper with average power of 10W at 1MHz and pulse energies up to 15.6µJ at 10ps. These parameters render it a compact source for picosecond micro-machining, alternative to more complex schemes.


We study how the transition of a bound mode through the mass threshold of a scalar field theory in 1+1 dimensions affects the soliton dynamics in a generic (nonself-dual process) process, i.e., when a static intersoliton force shows up. We show that the thin, precisely localised spectral wall which forms in the self-dual limit (no static force), broadens in a well-defined manner in the non-self-dual case, giving rise to what we will call a thick spectral wall. This phenomenon just requires that a discrete mode crosses into the continuum at some intermediate stage of the dynamics and, therefore, should be observable in many soliton-antisoliton collisions. As an example, we consider solitonantisoliton scattering in a one-parameter version of the φ4 model. ar X iv :1 91 2. 09 37 1v 3 [ he pth ] 1 5 Ja n 20 20


The catalogue page is an important component of academic journals.It fulfills the practical functions of index and extract and the aesthetic function of revealing the distinctive features of the academic journal.In the aspect of layout,there sometimes exist omissions of the heading and the journal basic parameters,and non-standardized positions and page numbers.In the aspect of manipulation of details,there are a variety of neglected problems.In addition,the arrangement of items and the list of article titles should also be taken into consideration.All these require earnestness and carefulness of editors and depend on the accumulation of daily work.


Abstract Foraminiferal assemblages from Upper Jurassic Klentnice beds in Lower Austria are described and analysed. The early late Tithonian assemblages comprise 75 foraminiferal taxa and simple diversities reach up to 31 taxa per sample, pointing to comparatively high diversity in general. The assemblages are dominated by lenticulinid forms (Genera Astacolus, Lenticulina, Saracenaria, Vaginulinopsis). Trocholina is the most common genus and present in all samples. Other frequent genera are Marssonella and Neobulimina. Co-occurrence of epifaunal (grazing) herbivores and epi- to deep infaunal active deposit feeders points to mixed assemblages from different sources and supports the concept of turbiditic systems as prevailing sedimentary regimes in the basinal setting.


Background: The levet of beta-amyloid (Ap) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSS) can beused as a marker to detect cognitive impairment, but fhe CSS retrieval technique is invasive. so if r's necessa4z fo find biomarkers that are relatively easy, cheap and reliable. Therefore, biomarkers that can be measured in blood is needed. Aims: To determine fhe association of the blood levels of BACE-I, AB and 4HNE with ischemic cognitive functisn after stroke event. Methads: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design using cases and controls. A number af 84 patients with ischemic stroke and 42 normal subjecfs as controls were enrolled. Cognitive function u/as assessed 3 months aftdr stroke event using MoCA-lna test and measurement of blood levels of BACE1-1, 4p40, AP42 and 4HNE was conducted within 72 hours of onset of stroke. Regression statistical analysis was used to determine the most daminant factars related to the occurrence of impaired cognitive function after stroke event. Resuffs; ln bivariate analysis, we found a significant assocrafion between cognitive impairment after stroke with high blood levels of BACE1 (p = 0.004, OR = 1.714), low levels of AB40 (p = A.0001, AR = 14.80) and low /eve/s of AB42 @ = A.U7, OR = 3.44). There was no significant association between the blood levels of 4HNE with impaired cognitive function after stroke event. ln multivariate analysis, we found low low plasma level of 4840, high level of BACE-1, and low level of AB42 were variables strongly related with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke subsequently based on the strength of correlation. Canclusians: Low levels of 4840, ttigh levels of BACE-I and low ievels of Ap42 are associated with the incidence of impaired cagnitive functian after ischemic stroke. M}(A, Volume 37, Nomor.Supl. 2, November 2014 MKA, Volume 37, Nomor.Supl. 2, November 2014 http:/imka.fk. u nand.ac. id/ ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Kecacatan pascastroke diperberat oleh terganggunya fungsi kognitif. Metode diagnostik yang tersedia sekarang, tidak cukup sensitif bila digunakan sebagai upaya untuk menemukan gangguan kognitif pascastroke secara dini. Kadar beta-amyloid (AP) di cairan serebrospinal (CSS) dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda telah terjadinya gangguan kognitif, namun teknik pengambilan CSS adalah invasive, sehingga perlu dicari biomarker yang relatif mudah, murah dan dapat dipercaya. Untuk itu perlu dicarai biomarker pada plasma. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar BACE-1, AB dan 4HNE plasma dengan fungsi kognitif pascastroke iskemik. Metode : Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan disain cross sectional, menggunakan kasus dan kontrol. Mengikutkan 84 penderita pascastroke iskemik dan 42 subjek normal sebagai kontrol. Fungsi kognitif diperiksa 3 bulan pascastroke dengan test MoCA-lna dan pemeriksaan kadar BACEI-1, AF40, AP42 dan 4HNE plasma dalam 72 jam onset stroke. . Analisa regresi statitistik digunakan untuk menetapkan faktor mana yang paling dominan hubungannya dengan terjadinya gangguan fungsi kognitif pascastroke iskemik. Hasil : Pada analisis bivariat, ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan kognitif pascastroke dengan tingginya kadar BACE1 (p=0,004, OR= 4,714), rendahnya kadar AP40 (p=0,0001, OR=14,80) dan rendahnya kadar AP42 (p=0,0t7, OR=3,44). Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar 4HNE dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif pascastroke. Pada analisis multivariat, didapatkan rendahnya kadar AB40 dan tingginya kadar BACE- 1 plasma sebagai variabel yang kuat hubungannya dengan kejadian gangguan kognitif pascastroke iskemik. Kesimpulan : Rendahnya kadar AB40 dan tingginya kadar BACE-1 plasma berhubungan dengan kejadian gangguan fungsi kognitif pascastroke iskemik. 62


In a δ13C speleothem record from Duhlata cave, Sofia region, Bulgaria we found a positive value of δ13C. It is rather unusual and only way to explain it is that all carbon in the speleothem was supplied from the bedrock above the cave during the formation of the corresponding layer in the speleothem. Such situation can happen only during total freezing of the ground above the cave during glaciations. Only in such case both organic and air carbon dioxide cannot reach the cave.


Digestion of DNA from male and female pigs (Sus scrofa) with EcoRl reveals a faintly staining 4 kb band present only in the male. A plasmid containing one copy of the 4 kb band was isolated and shown to hybridize specifically with male DNA in Southern blots and dot blots The cloned sequence is 3832 nucleotides in length with no marked internal repetitions or open reading fiames. This DNA should be useful as a male-specific probe in pigs.


An embodiment of the invention discloses a password setting method and device and relates to the technical field of software. The method comprises: displaying a password setting page comprising picture display regions with a pre-set quantity to a user; displaying pictures selected by the user in the picture display regions of the password setting page according to picture selection operation of the user; acquiring a touch track of the user aiming at the picture display regions; and setting a password according to the mark of the picture display regions recorded in the acquired touch track and the sequence of each picture display region in the touch track. The password is set by adopting the scheme provided by the embodiment and the individual requirements of the user can be met.


The research paper explores that how the students can develop their reading skills by using effective reading approaches. It is acknowledged that the reading comprehension is one of the most important parts in the English curriculum in all education level of Bangladesh. It is observant that teaching reading approaches are considered as an important procedure to develop the skills of the Bangladeshi students. In Bangladesh most of the teachers do not have the idea of teaching reading approaches. For this reason, the teachers should need to enhance their skills, knowledge and gathering proper idea about effective reading approaches as well as need to prepare themselves to utilize their practical experiences and knowledge on to their students. So the prime purpose of this study to show the effective reading approaches in order to develop student's reading skills in English. From June to December in 2018, an action research has been applied to a number of 40 students at higher secondary level in Manikganj, Bangladesh. The most important question of the study is 'could the reading approaches help student's English reading comprehension studies?' The outcome of the study specifies that students who have been tutored about the reading strategies have a development to a great level. Keywords:  Reading, English Reading Approaches, develop, predicting, proficiency.