Explanation on how susceptible Marquis, Ceres, Thatcher, and Ceres wheat are to smut. Smut being Tilletia tritici and Tilletia Levis


Numerous studies have shown that mortality, technique survival, and hospitalization of dialysis patients are related to solute clearance rates, which are diminished when therapy is missed. Compliance with hemodialysis is easily monitored, as the center knows when the patient does not appear or shortens treatment. In a typical month, 21% of U.S. hemodialysis patients shorten, and 8.5% miss, one or more hemodialysis treatments (1). This contrasts with Japan and Sweden where hemodialysis compliance is excellent (2). In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, noncompliance with exchanges is not obvious and has been much less studied. To compare studies on compliance a definition of the term must be established. Both Bernardini and Piraino (3) and Fine (4) defined compliance as performance of 90% or more of prescribed exchanges. To be classified as "compliant," the patient on continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) with four exchanges per day can miss no more than two exchanges per week and the APD patient no more than one treatment every 2 weeks. Using this definition, two studies using two different techniques for measuring compliance have found that approximately two-thirds of PD patients are compliant with exchanges (5,6). Home inventory monitoring is a simple method of measuring noncompliance (Table 1). During a home visit by the training nurse the patient's inventory is counted and the number of dialysate bags on hand is subtracted from the supplies delivered to determine the number of bags used. Compliance expressed as a percentage is easily calculated by dividing this number by the prescribed number of exchanges for the time period. For example, if an APD patient's prescription is for tw o 6 L bags of dialysate per night but the patient has used 360 bags in 182 days, compliance is calculated as 360/364 or 99%. Using this method, we found that 65% of our peritoneal dialysis patients were performing at least 90% of prescribed exchanges (5). These compliant patients rarely missed an exchange, as the inventory count indicated that an astonishing 99% of their prescription had been performed. In contrast, noncompliant patients used only 74% of the prescribed solutions. An alternative measure of compliance was described by Sevick et al. (6). The 19 study patients placed pull tabs from the dialysate bags in a counting device (that also recorded the time) immediately after doing an exchange for a 2-week period. Patients knew this was a study of adherence with exchanges, but were not told the precise function of the event monitoring system. Sixtythree percent missed less than 10% of their exchanges, results remarkably similar to the 65% compliance measured in the home inventory report (5). Five patients (26%) missed more than 50% of their exchanges. There was also considerable variation in the timing of the CAPD exchanges. While a good research technique, event monitoring is too expensive to use on a routine basis. However, with the release of cyclers that contain a computer chip that records treatment information, including time on the cycler, the ability to monitor the APD patient will soon be widely available. The ratio of measured to predicted creatinine production was one of the first methods to determine compliance with PD exchanges. Creatinine excretion in effluent and urine remains constant in a patient in a steady-state condition. If the patient routinely misses an exchange but does all the exchanges at the time of a clearance study, creatinine excretion increases in the collection. In 132 CAPD patients, the ratio of measured creatinine removal to expected production was 1.29, not 1.0 as expected, suggesting that only 78% of prescribed dialysis was being performed (7). In nine PD patients who admitted noncompliance, there was a 57% difference between estimated and measured creatinine production (8). Using a 24% difference between measured and predicted creatinine as the definition of noncompliance, 26% of patients were deemed noncompliant. The initial enthusiasm for this approach did not prove justified. Subsequent studies found that the ratio of measured to predicted creatinine was not a reliable measure of noncompliance (9–11). Three-day collections also do not appear to be a sensitive marker of noncompliance (3, 12). Since the ratio of measured to predicted creatinine increases over time, serial measures of the ratio also are not helpful in determining compliance (13). A comparison of creatinine excretion during the first 6 months of PD versus later in PD also did not differentiate compliant from noncompliant patients (14). Self-reporting by the patient about the frequency of missed dialysis is unreliable. Only 12% of PD patients who (based on inventory) were missing an average of 26% of exchanges admitted missing any exchanges (5). Address correspondence to: Beth Piraino, MD, A915 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. pitt.edu. Seminars in Dialysis—Vol 13, No 3 (May–June) 2000 pp. 160–162 TABLE 1. Methods of measuring noncompliance


We propose a new CMOS-compatible fabrication process for miniaturised monolithic thermal inkjet heads. The ink channels are formed by sacrificial removal of metal wires in a standard CMOS process. This simplifies the processing and enables close spacing of the channels. It also allows for easy integration of nozzle and electronics. A demonstrator fabricated using a commercially available CMOS process followed by straightforward postprocessing is presented as well as specially made CMOS compatible structures. Typical dimensions of the channels are 10 /spl mu/m wide, 0.5-1.5 /spl mu/m thick, and 300-600 /spl mu/m long.


The load-balancing problem for centralized Jacksonian networks is investigated. The networks are subject to end-to-end flow control with nonzero acknowledgement delay. To analyze these networks, a closed queuing network controlled by a queue with a variable service rate is investigated. The load balancing problem is reduced to one of combined routing and flow control. The objective is to maximize the throughput of the network such that the end-to-end expected time delay does not exceed an upper bound. The optimal routing balances the traffic in the network, and the optimal flow-control policy guarantees the upper bound constraint. Iterative algorithms that derive the optimal routing and flow-control parameters are presented.<<ETX>>


Objective To construct the genomic DNA expression library and then screen to isolate proteins that might interact with the anti-radiation related proteins by the yeast two-hybrid system,the condition of digestion for Deinococcus radiodurans R1 genome was optimized. Methods The Deinococcus radiodurans R1 was cultivated and the genomic DNA was extracted,the digestion conditions including enzyme concentration and reaction time with Sau3AI for Deinococcus radiodurans R1 genome were optimized.Finally the results were checked by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results The results showed that the best Sau3A1concentration and reaction time for DR genome DNA are 0.125 U/10 μL and 3 hours.Conclusions The digestion condition for DR genome has been optimized,which lays a foundation for constructing the genomic DNA expression library and further screening for the proteins that might interact with the anti-radiation related proteins from Deinococcus radiodurans R1.


Zones of crustal weakness, representing foci of the mantle, have persisted for at least 2500 m.y., as shown by orogens and abundance of mafic igneous rocks. Karroo lavas are especially indicative of such zones. Diamonds in kimberlite and nickel associated with mafic and ultramafic rocks suggest a mantle source. The distribution of known diamond and nickel deposits is closely related to the zones of crustal weakness, and particularly to areas where two or more zones intersect. Such areas are exploration targets.


Objective To compare the efficiency of low temperature plasm and traditional surgery in children with OSAS.Methods One hundred and twenty cases of children with OSAS were divided into the observation group and the control group(low temperature plasm and traditional surgery),analyzed the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hemorrhage,postoperative PSG recovery time,white membrane peeling time.Results The observation group were less than the control group in operation time,intraoperative blood loss and postoperative PSG recovery time,the difference of postoperative hemorrhage has no statistical significance.White membrane peeling time of the observation group were more than the control group.Conclusion Treatment by low temperature plasm can save the operation time and reduce intraoperative hemorrhage,then minimize the surgical injury,which can be popularized widely.


Testing signal is very sensitive to the lift off effect in the hardness nondestructive testing of rail surface by electromagnetic method, so lift off effect must be restrained. Aiming at the lift off effect in hardness nondestructive testing of ferromagnetic materials, the paper presents impedance method and impedance plane computer image processing according to the analytical mathematics model of differential probe scatter impedance, which decreases the lift off effect and increases testing precision by the impedance method applying in the hardness testing of ferromagnetic materials. The paper has built the electromagnetic field mathematics model used in rail surface hardness nondestructive testing, and the quantitative hardness testing of rail surface has been realized.


Purpose: To present and evaluate the results of the use of Image Guided Radiotherapy(IGRT) using Megavoltage Cone Beam CT (MVCBCT) in prostate patients with fiducial markers. Method and Materials: 14 patients with 3 gold seed markers each were treated. The treatment unit was a Siemens Primus. The MVCBCT images were acquired using 3 MU, after skin mark alignment, prior to the treatment and registered manually with the planning CT using the seeds as surrogates. The resulting table coordinates shift in each direction (Lateral, Longitudinal and Vertical) to align the prostate in respect to the isocenter was stored. Different action levels (AL) were simulated and population margins (2.5∑+0.7σ) calculated for each scenario considering a residual error of 2 mm for intra‐fraction and observer errors; as well as the fraction of the days that would need table corrections. Results: 335 MVCBCT images were generated. The average prostate localization errors detected prior to the treatment were: 2±2 mm (Lateral), 3±2 mm (Longitudinal), 3±3 mm (Vertical). The population margins calculation for a non‐AL and for ALs from 8 to 2 mm, indicates that the margins for the non‐AL scenario of 5, 7 and 6 mm, in the Lateral, Longitudinal and Vertical directions respectively, can be reduced to 3 mm in all directions, applying IGRT daily with an AL of 3 mm, and thus acting in 84% of the days. Conclusion: The technique enables a fast and precise prostate localization with low dose. The AL is an important choice and will have a direct impact in the CTV to PTV margin that can be used for the procedure. The simulations indicate that with a 3 mm action level, a 3 mm margin could be used and thus reducing toxicity without compromising the local control.


The purpose of this article is to describe the need for establishment of the institution entitled "genetic ombudsman" — a new body in the field of human rights protection — in the Russian Federation. The paper addresses the following issues: (1) the role of the ombudsman as an institution acting as a guarantor of democratic freedoms and the value of human life; (2) historical development and the process of becoming the ombudsman; (3) the need to create the institution of the genetic ombudsman during the era of Industry 4.0 (digital society); (4) factors that influence the society's demand for the establishment of the aforementioned institution; (5) the main goals and objectives of the genetic ombudsman (legal, economic, medical). This research allowed for the possibility not only to highlight the importance of the genetic ombudsman in the context of the political and legal reality but also to identify existing gaps in the normative regulation. In this article, based on the key provisions of the theory of competence, the author attempted to conceptualize the activities of the genetic ombudsman, describe characteristics of this institution, and summarize areas for further research. In the course of this study, logical, comparative legal and formal methods were used.


We recently reported a new class of triphenylphosphine and isocyanide based multicomponent reactions (Ph 3 P/DAAD and IMCRs/DAAD) mediated by R 3 P/DAAD and RNC/DAAD zwitter-ionic intermediates in the presence of CH, OH, and NH acids. Herein-, the reactions of Huisgen 1:1 zwitterionic intermediates, generated from dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates (DAAD), trivalent phosphorus reagents, and isocyanides, with aromatic carboxylic acids as initial proton source are investigated. This novel binucleophilic (R 3 P-RNC/DAAD) system afforded 2-aminofuran derivatives.


Robotic arm with six degrees of freedom can be successfully used to do a surgical task through a small incision called (RCM point) on the patient's body. Inverse Kinematics modeling and simulating of a 6 DOF surgical robot is developed in this paper. The mathematical model equations are built using geometric approach and the Denavit-Hartenberg convention. The 3D model of the robot is created by CATIA5 to simulate the motion of the robot in surgical environments. The inverse kinematics equations model is validated through the simulating model. Result confirms that the proposed robot mechanism is applicable for minimally invasive surgery applications.


A thin film pattern forming method and a device manufacturing method, a photoelectric device and an electronic device, the film pattern forming method, a thin film pattern is formed by the functional liquid disposed on the substrate (P), characterized by comprising: the substrate (P projecting the thin film pattern corresponding to the cofferdam (B) of the) bank forming step (Sl); lyophobic treatment process to impart liquid repellency of the cofferdam (B) carbon tetrafluoride plasma step (S3); the functional liquid is disposed between the cofferdam imparted to the liquid-repellent (B) arranging step (S4). Therefore, it is possible to achieve a good thinning.


We read with interest the article entitled "Thoracic Epidural Bupivacaine Attenuates Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias After Pulmonary Resection" (1). Almost all of our patients who are scheduled for thoracotomy receive epidural for postoperative analgesia. In addition to the improved pain control and improved pulmonary function postoperatively, a less frequent occurrence of arrhythmias is yet an additional reason that epidural analgesia should be provided. Some patients who undergo video-assisted thoracoscopy (VAT) also receive epidural catheters for postoperative pain management. This population was not addressed in the current study. We would like to point out our previously published report that was not cited in your article (2). In our retrospective review, we reported a less frequent incidence of postoperative arrhythmias in patients who underwent VAT who received epidural analgesia compared with patients who did not have epidural analgesia. Of 51 patients who did not have epidural analgesia, 8 had postoperative supraventricular tachycardia, compared with 0 of 30 patients who had epidural analgesia. The use of epidural catheters for postoperative pain management is also beneficial in patients who have undergone VAT.


This study aims to develop natural science learning video media based on sasambo local wisdom for elementary school students that is suitable for use in learning based on aspects of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This research is included in development research (R&D) with the development model used is the 4-D model with 4 stages, namely define, design, development, and disseminate. The instrument used in this study is a validation instrument consisting of media expert validation instruments and material expert validation. Data analysis techniques in this study were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. Data from the validity and practicality questionnaires in the form of numerical scores were converted to qualitative data to be described in five categories. While the aspect of effectiveness is seen based on the results of students' learning tests. The results of this study indicate that the results of the assessment of the media expert validator obtained a score of 44 with very valid criteria, while the material expert validator's assessment obtained a score of 38 with valid criteria. Then the results of the teacher's assessment obtained a score of 78 which was in the range of effective criteria and the learning outcomes of students who fulfilled the KKM were 80% or 13 out of 15 students. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the science learning video media based on local wisdom sasambo is feasible to use.


In this paper the catalytic activity of metalloporphyrin
was studied. Influences of oxidant and axial ligand on cyclohexene oxidation catalyzed by this
catalyst were also investigated. The results indicated thatthe system of MnTFPPCl/NaOCl was
superior as compared to other systems. The effects of axial ligand were different for various
oxidants. In addition,the influence of solvent on the system of MnTFPPCl/PhIO was also
investigated.


An attempt was made to study in vitro screening of anti bacterial properties of leaf, stem and root of Anacardium occidentale L. in acetone and ethyl acetate extract. Acetone and ethyl acetate extract of leaf, stem and root found to possess good bactericidal properties against Bacillus megatarium, Micrococcus sp., Pseudom onas aeruginosa, Escherchia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. While leaf, stem and root extracts in ethyl acetate proves more bactericidal activity than acetone extracts.


Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) is recognized as a lifethreatening community‐acquired infection associated with pyogenic liver abscess. However, rhabdomyolysis secondary to hvKP infection is rare. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of rhabdomyolysis due to hvKP infection in a patient who survived septic shock syndrome.


This paper consists of some
properties of a new subclass of semigroup of linear operator. The stability and
spectra analysis of ω-order
preserving partial contraction mapping (ω-OCPn) are obtained. The
results show that operators on the proposed ω-OCPn are densely defined and closed. Several existing results in the literature
are contained in this work.


of having everything oriented inwards and to let the housing in the scheme profit from the view of the lake, the development lining the lake has been slit open at places. An uninterrupted serpentine canopy serves to reassert its continuity. The centre's orientation to the lake is strengthened by a steady decrease in building height towards the water.


The paper analyzes the limited load of wedge by unified strength theory, finds its solution in slip line and discusses its application in geotechnical engineering.


ABSTRACT Identifying the physical habitat characteristics associated with riverine freshwater mussel assemblages is challenging but crucial for understanding the causes of mussel declines. The occurrence of mussels in multispecies beds suggests that common physical factors influence or limit their occurrence. Fine-scale geomorphic and hydraulic factors (e.g., scour, bed stability) are predictive of mussel-bed occurrence, but they are computationally challenging to represent at intermediate or riverscape scales. We used maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling to evaluate associations between riverscape-scale hydrogeomorphic variables and mussel-bed presence along 530 river km of the Meramec River basin, USA, to identify river reaches that are fundamentally suitable for mussels as well as those that are not. We obtained the locations of mussel beds from an existing, multiyear dataset, and we derived river variables from high-resolution, open-source datasets of aerial imagery and topography. Mussel beds occurred almost exclusively in reaches identified by our model as suitable; these were characterized by laterally stable channels, absence of adjacent bluffs, proximity to gravel bars, higher stream power, and larger areas of contiguous water (a proxy for drought vulnerability). We validated our model findings based on model sensitivity using a set of mussel-bed locations not used in model development. These findings can inform how resource managers allocate survey, monitoring, and conservation efforts.


The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to mdi-cate this fact. and alters the function of its substrate adducin, submitted for publication. Abstract Tumor promotion/progression is known to be due in part to increased signaling through a variety of mitogenic pathways, including protein kinase C (PKC). To determine whether increased PKC activity could play a role in promotion and progression of renal cancer, we monitored PKC activity in normal and progressively transformed renal neoplasias from Eker rats. Eker rats carry a defect in the tumor suppressor TSC2 gene that predisposes them to renal carcinoma, whereas additional factors influence tumor promotion! progression in accordance with a " two-hit " model. We used the phosphorylation of adducins at Ser-660, a known PKC phosphorylation site, as a reporter for endogenous PKC activity. In normal proximal tubules, total adducin levels (measured with a phosphorylation state-insensitive antibody) were relatively high, whereas pSer66O-adducin (measured with a phosphorylation state-sensitive antibody) levels were very low. In comparison, in renal carcinomas, total adducin levels were decreased, and pSer-660-adducin levels were increased. Changes in phosphorylation correlated with changes in localization. In normal tissue, a-and y-adducin are targeted to the apical and basal membranes of proximal tubules, respectively, implying unique functions for these related proteins. In early lesions (atypical tubules), differential targeting is lost, and both a-and y-adducins localize to the basal membrane. In more advanced lesions, staining in lateral membranes at cell-cell contacts becomes apparent. Furthermore, plasma membrane targeting is no longer apparent. These changes in adducin expression levels, phosphorylation state, and localization parallel the increased growth potential and dedifferentiation of the progressive tumor phenotypes. These data demonstrate the utility of phosphorylation state-selective antibodies in immunohistochemical applications as reporters of endogenous PKC activity in tissue samples. We also provide the first evidence that increased PKC activity and phosphorylation of important target proteins occurs during progressive transformation in a non-phorbol ester tumor promotion model in vivo. Introduction Prolonged activation of PKC,3 the major cellular receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, promotes tumors in skin and other tissues (1). However, the role of PKC in non-phorbol ester tumor promotion/progression has not yet been defined. A key to understanding the biochemical role of PKC in tumor promotion is to identify substrates and interacting proteins that organize PKC signaling …


This paper gives an ARQ protocol with cooperative turbo coding based on node selection.It is proved that the proposed scheme can obtain higher diversity gain than the traditional ARQ protocol with turbo coding(T-ARQ),and lower FER(Frame Error Rate) is obtained compared with cooperative ARQ protocol without node selection.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide higher performance than T-ARQ.The effects on performance gains brought by changing the number of nodes in node selection are also simulated and analyzed.


In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of root extracts of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. was assessed by disc diffusion method against four bacterial strains ( Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi ) and three fungal strains ( Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum ). Minimum inhibitory concentration was also determined. The most susceptible bacterial and fungal strains were S. aureus and T. rubrum , respectively. The root extracts in organic solvents (hexane, methanol and chloroform) showed good antimicrobial activity. However, aqueous extracts could not exhibit any activity. Results of the present investigation indicate that root of M. koenigii possess antimicrobial properties and hence can be exploited for future natural plant based antimicrobial agents.


Complete Mesocolic Excision (CME) and Central Vascular Ligation (CVL) is a challenging procedure,[1] which requires intensive training and standardization of the technique to overcome the learning curve.[2] The technical steps have been described,[3,4] with some variability between them. We aim to facilitate adherence to the technique by offering a step-by-step procedure, thus providing a video-guide for laparoscopic Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV) first approach.


I have entered data I encounter when reading the pollination biology literature. The database is incomplete in that not all the fields (e.g., sex of visitor, proboscis length of visitor, species identifications) are complete for all records. Some of the taxonomic names are certainly outdated, but I have not taken the time and don't have the expertise to check all of those names. I have invested a significant amount of time into assembling the database, and have used it in some cases to generate data for publications (e.g., the number of families or species reported as visiting flowers). I would be glad to have a collaborator interested in cleaning up and completing the database for a future publication, but am posting it to make it publicly available for future users.


Crowdsourcing is a task-solving model in which human crowd is hired to solve a particular task. During the crowdsourcing process, the crowd selection is performed in order to select appropriate crowd workers for a specific task; without appropriate selection of crowd workers, the process of crowdsourcing is aimless. The main goal of this paper was to identify the features of crowd in crowdsourcing activity, reasons behind crowd participation in the activity of crowdsourcing, and the existing techniques that were utilized for crowd selection in crowdsourcing. Search strings with corresponding keywords were used to capture relevant studies related to crowdsourcing, and crowd selection was classified under conference papers, journal articles, proceedings, and book chapters. 81 relevant studies are selected from 7 digital data repositories using a search strategy. In crowdsourcing practices, crowd selection was considerably addressed. Nonetheless, it has been noticed that the selection is based only on a single crowd worker attribute such as confidence, past success, efficiency, and experience. For the efficiency and effectiveness of the crowdsourcing operation, crowd selection on multicriteria features is essential.


Objective To observe effects of dialectical nursing combined with blood-letting puncture and cupping on herpes zoster.Methods Seventy patients with herpes zoster were randomly divided in- to observation group and control group according to odevity of admission date,with 35 cases in each group.Routine nursing care was provided in the control group.Dialectical nursing combined with blood-letting puncture and cupping based on routine nursing care was carried out in the ob- servation group.Results Therapeutic effects of observing group,including analgesia,subsiding of herpes,scab forming and length of treatment,were significantly better than that of control group( P0.01).Incidence rate of postherpetic neuralgia was significantly lower than that of control group(P0.05).Conclusion Dialectical nursing combined with blood-letting puncture and cup- ping on herpes zoster can obtain evident therapeutic effects,including quick effect time and low in- cidence rate of postherpetic neuralgia.


Abstract : LONG-TERM GOALS. This project is one coordinated component of a larger combined 6.2/6.4 Rapid Transition Project (RTP) to address specific Naval Special Warfare (NSW) operational decisions that are affected by fine scale meteorology and oceanography (METOC) processes. Our overall goal is to develop technology for a unique, rapidly globally-relocatable, coupled air-sea, high-resolution data assimilation system capable of utilizing the diverse, highly perishable, on-scene environmental data collected by NSW forces for improved forecasts and characterizations of the impact of rapidly changing, operationally significant environmental situations. We envision transitions to incorporate nowcasting and forecasting technology within NSW and other naval operations by continuously blending all data and projecting the fused information forward into the near future, applying the information to a wide array of mission specific decisions. This project is in direct support of the Oceanographer of the Navy s (N84) Littoral Battlespace Sensing, Fusion and Integration (LBSF&I) initiative.


OBJECTIVE
To observe dynamic changes of blood lead concentration in rats with long-term toxicity test with Goupi Gao by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry, in order to provide reference for safe administration of Goupi Gao.

METHOD
The rats were administered with Goupi Gao by high-dose (7 g x kg(-1)), medium-dose (3.5 g x kg(-1)), low-dose (1.75 g x kg(-1)) by external use for consecutively 90 days. Then, the blood samples were collected from the rats before the administration and at 10, 30, 45, 52, 60, 90 d after the administration respectively, as well as 16 d and 28 d after the drug withdrawal. The samples were dispelled with microwave digestion system and then were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for blood lead levels.

RESULT
According to methodological study, the standard curve regression equation in this experiment was A = 0.004 9X + 0. 017, r = 0.999 5, with the detection limit up to 0. 380 microg x L(-1). The RSD was 1.4% by precision checks. Blood lead level of mixed blood samples was 175.77 microg x L(-1), whose RSD was 6. 0%. Blood lead concentration gradually increased after low-dose and medium-dose administration to rats and became stable at the 10th day and the 30th day by high-dose. Dose is directly related to blood lead concentration. Meanwhile, the blood lead concentration decreases after the drug withdrawal.

CONCLUSION
The method of determination in this experiment is so accurate and reliable that it can be used for the determination of blood lead. Long-term and high-dose external use of Goupi Gao can increase blood lead.


Laminated materials play an important role in civil engineering. The contribution is focused on the modelling of heat conduction in these materials. The analysis is carried out in the framework of the tolerance averaging technique, [1]. A new asymptotic procedure for finding solutions to the specific heat conduction problems is proposed. General results are illustrated by some numerical examples and compared with those derived from homogenization technique, [2].


Objectives: In this study, the caries experience, gingivitis and behavior s of 6-12 year old children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were investigated according to the Frankl scale during dental examination , and then compared with healthy children. Materials and Methods: Totally , 55 children with ASD ( including 49 males and 6 females) and 165 healthy children ( including 83 males and 82 females) were assessed in Rasht, Iran. Before clinical examination , their parents were asked to complete a questionnaire consist ing of several questions about parental education level, nutritional status and oral hygiene status. The number of decayed, miss ing and filled teeth, gingival status and behavior s of the children were recorded during the dental examination. The obtained data w ere analyzed using C hi -square and Mann Whitney U Test. P-value less than 0 . 05 was considered stati sti cally significant. Results: Our results implied that the c hildren with ASD had higher DMFT/dmft scores compared with healthy children ( p <0.001) . Also, the prevalence of localized and generalized gingivitis was higher in children with ASD than that in healthy children ( p =0 . 014) . Most of the children with ASD behaved in negative or definitely negative manner during dental examination ( p =0 . 001) . The results showed that the mean level of p arental education and oral hygiene habits (such as frequency of brushing and flossing) in healthy children were higher than that in the children with ASD. Conclusions: According to the results, the c hildren with ASD had higher caries experience and gingivitis compared with healthy children and most of them behaved in negativ e or definitely negative manner during dental examination.


[1] To help understand the deformational history of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, paleomagnetic samples were collected from 177 sites and two magnetostratigraphic sections at 16 localities distributed among Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous to Pliocene sedimentary and subordinate volcanic rocks within the Xining-Lanzhou region (34–37� N, 101–105� E). A total of 127 sites at 12 localities yielded primary magnetizations confirmed by fold, reversal, and conglomerate tests. Age control on sedimentary rocks is provided by regional synthesis of chronostratigraphic data and our own biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic analysis presented in the companion paper by Horton et al. [2004]. Analysis of paleomagnetic declination combined with results from previous studies yield a remarkably consistent trend of vertical axis tectonic rotations across the studied region. Whereas 19.0 ± 7.2� to 37.8 ± 10.6� clockwise rotations are recorded consistently in all paleomagnetic localities in Lower Cretaceous to Eocene rocks, all paleomagnetic localities in Oligocene to Pliocene rocks have recorded minor to insignificant rotations, indicating that the Xining-Lanzhou region has undergone a wholesale regional clockwise rotation during late Paleogene time. Consistent with regional chronostratigraphic and thermochronologic results, this late Paleogene tectonic rotation confirms that deformation reached regions of the northern Tibetan Plateau shortly after the initial collision of India with Asia. When compared to rotational paleomagnetic results from adjacent regions, several mechanisms can be proposed to explain the clockwise rotation. On the basis of consistency with geologic data we prefer a model involving clockwise rotation of the Xining-Lanzhou region through right-lateral shear, and associated shortening, related to northward indentation of the Qaidam basin. INDEX TERMS: 1525 Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism: Paleomagnetism applied to tectonics (regional, global); 8102 Tectonophysics: Continental contractional orogenic belts; 9320 Information Related to Geographic Region: Asia; 9604 Information Related to Geologic Time: Cenozoic; KEYWORDS: tectonics, paleomagnetism, Tibetan Plateau


Due to the growing academic and practitioner interest in the field of outsourcing, there is a need to do a comprehensive assessment and synthesis of research activities to date. This chapter addresses this need and examines the academic literature on information systems outsourcing and business process outsourcing using a paradigmatic and methodological lens. The objective of this chapter is fourfold. Firstly, it examines the status of outsourcing research from 1995 to 2005 in eight leading academic journals, to compare the current research trends with past research directions in terms of methodologies applied. Secondly, it analyzes the research paradigms adopted in these research papers using the Operations Research Paradigm framework. Thirdly, it compares and contrasts the outsourcing research work published in three leading European journals with the work published in three leading American journals. Finally, it uncovers the implications of this study and the directions for future research.


Pesticides play an important role in the high productivity achieved in agriculture through the control of pests. However, the presence of pesticide residues and metabolites in food, water and soil currently represents one of the major issues for the environmental chemistry(Ongley, 1996; Smith and Gangolli, 2002; Lintellman et al., 2003). Pesticides are often very persistent with half-lives of decades and are transported over long distances by global circulation, and through run-off, find their way into aquatic systems. They are intentionally toxic, often towards non-target organisms. Three classes of pesticides have been problematic, namely organophosphates, carbamates and organochlorines. Organophosphate(OPs) pesticides obtain their toxicity from their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), causing neurotoxicity (Fukuto, 1990). The presence of this enzyme in insects, birds, fish and all mammals give this class of pesticides enormous toxicity towards unintended targets. Carbamate pesticides are also cholinesterase inhibitors with a similar mechanism of action as organophosphate pesticides (Fukuto, 1990). An effective strategy for dealing with pesticide contamination in the environment has to commence with an assessment of the extent of the problem. Traditionally, chromatographic methods have been used to analyze the presence of compounds in environmental samples. These techniques are very powerful tools for monitoring toxic pesticides, but, they are expensive, time-consuming (involve extensive preparation steps), are not adapted for in situ and real time detection and require highly trained personnel. They are therefore unsuitable for screening of large volumes of samples, and due to their cost, developing countries do not readily have access to such methods. Biosensors has attracted intensive research interest as a result of the need for cheap, fast and easy to use analytical tools that are able to provide real-time qualitative and quantitative information about the composition of a sample with minimum sample preparation (Dyk and Pletschke, 2011). Biosensors are analytical devices which utilize the sensitivity and selectivity of a bio-receptor attached onto the surface of a physical transducer. The cholinesterase (ChE) enzymes based biosensors have emerged as an ultrasensitive and selective technique for toxicity monitoring for environmental, agricultural, food or military


In this paper, the effect of noise level on the performance of a large number of existing model selection criteria for two important computer vision applications (motion and range segmentation) has been investigated. The results of our experiments show that although the performance of all model selection criteria deteriorates by increasing the level of noise, the surface selection criterion (SSC) remains the criterion of choice for different noise levels.


Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the new onset or new diagnosis of glucose intolerance during pregnancy and its incidence varies from 3-12% depending on the population studied. This estimate may increase in future given the alarming increase in the rate of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in younger generations. GDM is an important medical complication in pregnancy and has significant impact on perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality.


The key aspect in the design of any contention-based medium access control (MAC) protocol is the mechanism to measure and resolve simultaneous contention. Generally, terrestrial wireless MACs can only observe success or collision of a contention attempt through carrier sense. An implicit estimate of the number of contenders occurs through repeated observation and changing back-off contention window. Recent work in underwater MAC protocols suggest there it is possible to directly count the number of contenders by exploiting the spatio-temporal uncertainty inherent to high-latency underwater acoustic medium. Prior work has shown how to use counting in underwater MACs, and how to optimize contention windows in radio MACs. In this paper, we quantify bounds to convergence time for MAC protocols employing exact contender counting. We show that perfect counting allows contention to converge quickly, independent of network density, with an asymptotic limit of 3.6 contention rounds on average. We confirm this analysis with simulation of a specific underwater MAC protocol, and suggest the opportunity for the results to generalize for any radio-based MACs that estimate contenders.


This article presents a profile of some of the Chesapeake & Ohio's (C&O) subdivisions that laced the Appalachian coal fields and ran coal from mines until roughly the mid-60s. It contains historic photos of various yards, including Cane Fork and Kayford. Included is a detailed map of the C&O's presence in the West Virginia coal fields.


Recent developments in "cryptocurrencies" and "smart contracts" are creating new opportunities for applying AI techniques. These economic technologies would benefit from greater real world knowledge and reasoning as they become integrated with everyday commerce. Cryptocurrencies and smart contracts may also provide an infrastructure for ensuring that AI systems follow specified legal and safety regulations as they become more integrated into human society.


Clays are considered important natural materials in the field of water purification, including bauxite clay (BAU) and its prepared and activated composite (BAU/CMC-AC) with carboxymethyl cellulose polymer. The ad-sorbent surfaces are characterized by FTIR and XRD techniques. The adsorp-tion of green janus (JG) from an aqueous solution with bauxite and its compo-site were studied under the influence of different conditions of the weight and size of adsorbed surface particles, contact time and temperature. The results were found to be: contact time (90, 45) min for maximum quantity adsorbed of (JG) dye on bauxite and its composite respectively. The experimental data were tested on pseudo 1st- and 2nd-order kinetic models. It was shown to apply more with the pseudo-2nd order kinetic model for both adsorbents. It also showed that the highest removal percentage were (78%, 88.5 %) for the bauxite surface and its composite (BAU, BAU/CMC-AC) at the preferred temperature


Although neuromuscular injury prevention programs decrease injuries, implementation is challenging. Netball Australia developed the Netball KNEE program – a netball-specific warm-up program designed for netball coaches, players and support staff to enhance movement efficiency and prevent injury. It contains exercises for warm-up/footwork, strength, balance/landing and agility. This study aimed to explore the Reach, perceived Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and intended Maintenance of the Netball KNEE program in community netball. Community netball coaches ( n = 257) from 52 community netball clubs completed an online survey on their familiarity with the KNEE program (Reach), satisfaction and perceived effectiveness (Effectiveness), use of the program in training (Adoption), use of specific program components and provision of feedback (Implementation) and intended future use of the program (Maintenance). 66.5% of coaches who responded to the survey were familiar with the KNEE program (Reach), and 43.0% of coaches reported using the program weekly (Adoption). Most coaches who were familiar with the program were satisfied with it (87.2%) and perceived it to be effective in reducing injuries (77.0%) (perceived Effectiveness). Only 58.7% of the 155 of coaches who adopted the program reported using all activity categories (warm up/footwork, strength, balance/landing and agility) (Implementation). Warm up/footwork activities were reported to be used most commonly (by 99.4% of coaches). Reported provision of feedback on program key principles (e.g., take off, landing, deceleration, changing direction) was variable (54.2%–97.4%) (Implementation). Study findings suggest the need for strategies to improve the reach, adoption and implementation of the KNEE program in community netball.


Abstract NEWCASTLE disease has spread rapidly in the U. S. since its first recognition. The means by which the disease has spread is not clearly understood. Hatcheries have been incriminated in disseminating Newcastle disease. DeLay (1947) isolated Newcastle disease (pneumonecephalitis) virus from eggs and chicks hatched from eggs laid by an infected flock. Jungherr (1947) has isolated Newcastle virus from yolks of eggs from presumably recovered hens. The present study was made in cooperation with a large hatchery in Iowa to determine what part the hatchery might play in the spread of Newcastle disease. The objectives were to determine the presence or absence of Newcastle disease virus in (1) eggs laid by hens during the decline in production and in (2) first eggs laid by hens during their return to production after recovery from Newcastle disease infection. The study was made on three large breeding flocks where Newcastle disease was diagosed . . .


Texture analysis plays an important role in many image processing applications to describe the image content or objects. On the other hand, visual surface defect detection is a highly research field in the computer vision. Surface defect refers to abnormalities in the texture of the surface. So, in this paper a dual purpose benchmark dataset is proposed for texture image analysis and surface defect detection titled stone texture image (STI dataset). The proposed benchmark dataset consist of 4 different class of stone texture images. The proposed benchmark dataset have some unique properties to make it very near to real applications. Local rotation, different zoom rates, unbalanced classes, variation of textures in size are some properties of the proposed dataset. In the result part, some descriptors are applied on this dataset to evaluate the proposed STI dataset in comparison with other state-of-the-art datasets.


In many ways it appears that the next frontier in the care revolution will be in the area of integrating acute and long-term care for older people While the notion that older people will benefit has become almost axiomatic, the real potential value of such integration-and specific, practical ideas about what it would take to achieve it-are not necessarily clear. Here, we've asked leaders in the field togive us their candid answers to five critical questions about integration of care. For their varying perspectives, we hear from James J Callahan, Jr, Jennie Chin Hansen, Rosalie A. Kane, William Weissert, Thomas E. Brown, Jr, andJoan L. Quinn. JAMES J. CA,n, JR. James J. Callahan, Jr., PhD., is director, Policy Center on Aging, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass. What is the most obvious benefit from the integration of acute- and chroniccare services for frail elders? This question generates more questions than answers because it does not operationalize integration nor does it identify who is to receive the obvious benefit. In the absence of a specific definition, "integration" becomes a Rorschach test for the responders to the question. Nor is it clear whether the question refers to the integration of acute with chronic-care services or integration within the acute sector and within the chronic-care sector. It certainly would be valuable if primary-care physicians, medical specialists, nurses, mental health staff, therapists, and others on the acute side could get their act together. It would be just as useful, if, within the chronic-care sector, the homemakers, nutrition providers, service coordinators, housing advocates, transportation specialists, and others could get their act together, as well. I suspect, however, that the question is referring to joining those two sectors, whether or not there is any level of integration within them. Services integration is a topic that's been of interest to me for most of my professional career-particularly integration of social services. A starting point for professional consideration of service integration would be the charity organization societies that sprang into existence in the late nineteenth century. They were designed to ensure that no poor person would get one more resource than what they deemed necessary. They created a technology of investigation using the police, friendly visitors, and, later, social case workers and now their descendants, case managers. Early in the twentieth century, Mary Richmond (I9I7) wrote her famous book Social Diagnosis, which created a structured methodology for integrating services around particular individuals. In the thirties, forties, and fifties, the United Way (called the Community Chest or United Fund) and its affiliates supported social service exchanges, which were an attempt to share information among agencies regarding individuals' use of services. I am old enough to remember reviewing carbon copies of records detailing some poor soul's many and lengthy contacts with a variety of limited-purpose social agencies. These people's experience with the fragmented system led them to be designated "multiproblem families." Social service exchanges added little other than curiosity to the task of meeting an individual's immediate needs. Much of the information they collected was irrelevant and discarded. My experience with this process has made me forever suspicious of communitywide data systems. Services integration at a programmatic or systems level was a goal of the multiservice centers funded by the War on Poverty and by the coordinating structures created by the Model Cities programs instigated by the federal government in the I96os. Probably the most serious effort at social service integration occurred during the Nixon administration under the leadership of Elliot Richardson, Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. The department conducted numerous studies documenting the lack of integration among services and supported a variety of service integration projects (Richardson, I976). …


In this paper I revisit Nancy Howell's essay on the need for a new theology that speaks to the continuity between humans and primates. I interrogate the assumptions and arguments that Howell employs to ground this new theology and unpack the theoretical, theological, and political implications of these assumptions and arguments. I contend that this new theology poses no threat to the status quo as it gives us no new ways of being in the world with others. That is, it gives us no new possibilities. I argue for a new set of assumptions that makes for a new and different understanding of what being human means and, in turn, makes for the beginnings of a new theology.


Significant quality of life improvements are seen in patients with sagittal imbalance after being treated with SPO and PSO techniques. Differences between both techniques were not found.


We estimate the resource requirements for the quantum simulation of the ground state energy of the one dimensional quantum transverse Ising model (TIM), based on the surface code implementation of a fault tolerant quantum computer. The surface code approach has one of the highest known tolerable error rates (1%) which makes it currently one of the most practical quantum computing schemes. Compared to results of the same model using the concatenated Steane code, the current results indicate that the simulation time is comparable but the number of physical qubits for the surface code is 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than that of the concatenation code. Considering that the error threshold requirements of the surface code is four orders of magnitude higher than the concatenation code, building a quantum computer with a surface code implementation appears more promising given current physical hardware capabilities.


Ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes termed as seismo‐ionospheric precursors have been extensively discussed due to the importance of earthquake prediction. Electric field driven mechanism is commonly used to explain seismo‐ionospheric precursors. Kim et al. (1993) first theoretically demonstrated that seismogenic electric fields could form intensified sporadic E layers in higher altitudes, which is so influential that motivates considerable statistical work on variations of foEs and h'Es before earthquakes. We attempt to establish a physical model of sporadic E layers at middle latitudes based on wind shear theory with the objective to reexamine the influence of seismogenic electric fields on sporadic E layers. The results show that zonal electric fields of several mV/m can influence the formation of higher sporadic E layers: For existing higher sporadic E layers, eastward/westward electric fields are capable of inhibiting/facilitating the existing layers accompanied by ascent/descent in altitude. For normal E region without sporadic E layers, the effect of eastward electric fields is not notable, while westward electric fields are able to form wider sporadic E layers. Taking into account their complicated response and inherently high variability, a suggestion is made about the necessity to be cautious when attributing variations of sporadic E layers to forthcoming earthquakes.


This paper discusses briefly the necessity of the information retrieval teaching in Continuing Nursing Education(CNE). It presents the author's practice and experience in launching this CNE item, and considers it the most important way for nurses to training information quality through developing the education of information retrieval in CNE.


possible to understand: understanding of the essence of physical education of the personnel of the subordinate unit; substantiation of pedagogical conditions that provide for the formation of the readiness of future officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to carry out a certain type of professional activity; specifica- tion of the organization of physical education, the content of its forms, features of the annual dynamics and the relationship between the increase of physical qualities, as well as the structure of detection and change of indicators of physical fitness of future officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, who at the end of training at a specialized institution of higher education were distin-guished from higher education and higher high levels of readiness for physical education of personnel. The purpose of the article is to approve the designed model of training and the method of its implementation during the physical activity of future officers of the SSSU in a specialized institution of higher education and to introduce into the pedagogical process an experimental factor, which made it possible to reach the future officers of the SSSU the appropriate result in theorizing. Methods. In the article used such research methods: search on existing methodological and scientific literature with the analysis of found material, the identification of causal relationships, systematization, abstraction and specification, analysis of documentation and results of researchers on the issue of research. Results. The projected model of training and method of its implementation during the physical activity of future officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine in a specialized institution of higher education was tested. Originality. Testing of the designed model of prepara- tion and introduction into the pedagogical process of the experimental factor was performed, which allowed the future officers to achieve a much higher result in theoretical and methodological preparation and formation of motivation of internal type to physical training of personnel, than to use the traditional approach to change Physi- cal Education. Conclusion. The author has formulated the conceptual provisions for the training of future officers for the physical education of personnel during the implementation of certain forms of physical activity. objects, methods and products of human activity, ability to establish safety effects on physical and mental healthhuman factors, awareness of the impact of envi- ronmental. methodological approaches in the educational activity of elementary school teachers, which, in our opinion, is an important criterion for environmental competence of elementary school teachers. The analysis of the selected criteria of environmental competence of future primary school teachers has allowed to specify several interrelated indicators: prognostic, activ- ity, research, evaluation (effective). Originality. Continued research on identifying and substantiating the criteria and indicators of professional environmental competence of future primary school teach- ers, which allow to develop more productive methods and approaches for their formation in future teachers in the process of professional training in higher education. Conclusion. The study made it possible to determine the criteria for professional environmental competence of future primary school teachers and their indicators. Some methodological approaches to formation of professional ecological competence of future teachers of modern ele- mentary school are revealed. The prospects of the following explorations are related to the improvement of the psychological and pedagogical component of the formation of the environmental compe- tence of the future primary school teacher as a complex personal formation, the search for alternative pedagogical conditions for effective influence on the determined process, approbation of forms and methods of educational process of directed learning in the field of environmental education and upbringing of primary school students.


This paper presents a method for modeling the dynamic behavior of harbor supply chains and evaluating strategic and operational policies of the proposed harbor supply chain by applying multiagent systems and simulation. The multiagent systems modeling represent business entities as agents and the involved information and material flows with proposed coordination method for collaborating among agents. The simulation model is applied to quantifying the flow of supply chain, information and material flow, and conducted to simulate the global harbor supply chain operations, and determined which strategic and operational policies are the most effective in smoothing the variations in the supply chain.


This thesis embarks to explore how incubated firms in Sweden, specifically in the city of Sundsvall perceive their respective incubators' intellectual capital. This is aimed to contribute a new vie ...


[1] We examine the sensitivity of simultaneous simulation of climate, natural 14C, bomb 14C, and anthropogenic CO2 uptake to the choice of three different ocean mixing schemes: horizontal/vertical mixing (HV), isopycnal mixing (ISO), and Gent-McWilliams mixing (GM) using an Earth system model of intermediate complexity, Integrated Science Assessment Model-2.5D (ISAM-2.5D). Our modeling results suggest that the HV scheme greatly underestimates the observed values of natural 14C in the deep ocean, while the ISO and GM schemes yield more realistic results by simulating increased amounts of natural 14C values through enhanced vertical diffusion and deep water formation. The GM scheme further improves the ISO-based natural 14C distribution in the Southern Ocean and the deep Pacific and Indian oceans through a more realistic simulation of the Southern Ocean circulation. The model simulated global uptake of anthropogenic CO2 for the 1980s ranges between 1.8 and 2.3 PgC/yr, largely consistent with data-based estimates and OGCM results. The ISAM-2.5D simulated oceanic uptake of 14C and CO2 is highest for the ISO scheme and lowest for the HV scheme, with the largest discrepancies occurring among different mixing schemes found in the Southern Ocean. However, no single mixing scheme is more successful than the others in simulating GEOSECS-measured uptake of bomb 14C and anthropogenic CO2 for various ocean basins. Climate change is found to reduce CO2 uptake by 7–9% and 6–8% for the 1980s and over the period 1765–1990, mainly as a result of decreased CO2 solubility associated with increased sea surface temperatures. However, the effect of climate change on bomb 14C uptake is negligible.


In her discussion of censorship in Dockside Reading: Hydrocolonialism and the Custom House, Isabel Hofmeyr homes in on a figure of reading invoked by Nadine Gordimer in a letter protesting that the censors treat literature "as a commodity to be boiled down to its components and measured like a bar of soap."1 Hofmeyr, recognizing that such reading echoes that of the officials of colonial custom houses, asks what we might learn from those "who tried to read a book as a bar of soap"?2


A bariatric surgeon needs to be aware of the possibility of benign tumors and cancer in obese patients as well as the optimal management of these conditions that may be present at the time of evaluation for bariatric surgery.


In this note we consider a finite-dimensional N-graded Lie algebra g = ⊕ i=1 gi over a field K of characteristic zero. Such algebras are nilpotent, as is easily seen. In his study [1] of varieties of nilpotent Lie algebras Vergne introduced the class of so-called filiform Lie algebras; these are nilpotent Lie algebras whose lower central series have maximal length s = dim g − 1 for their dimension dim g:


The paper deals with three-phase permanent magnet (PM) machines operated in the highspeed region and sensorless mode. The most common PM machines in the automotive area are permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) and brushless DC motors (BLDC). A sixstep commutation technique is used to control the BLDC motors, with disconnected motor phase for sensorless operation. Conventional field-oriented control (FOC) extended with a Back-EMF observer is used for PMSMs control without position sensor. The aim of the paper is to describe limitations of these basic sensorless control techniques focusing on challenges in high speed area, and to introduce tips and tricks how to extend the speed operating range.


The objectives of this study was to investigate of the influences of high‐dose (20 mg/kg/day) methyl prednisolone (HDMP) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) in shortening the duration of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia encountered in children with ALL receiving maintenance therapy. Sixty‐four non‐febrile neutropenic attacks developed in 29 patients with ALL receiving St Jude XIII maintenance protocol were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were clinically followed up without drugs for shortening the duration of neutropenia in 21 (32.8%) attacs, while HDMP and G‐CSF were administered in 26 (40.6%) and 17 (26.6%) attacks, respectively. After the detection of neutropenia, restoration of neutrophil counts at 2nd or 4th days to the levels that allow resuming the chemotherapy were considered as success. While second day and overall success rates in patients administered HDMP and G‐CSF were significantly higher than the patients who were observed clinically. Both second day and overall neutrophil counts were significantly higher in patients administered G‐CSF than the other groups. Methyl prednisolone and G‐CSF treatments were well‐tolerated by the patients. The cost‐per neutropenic attack was significantly higher in G‐CSF group than of the HDMP group. Especially in patients experiencing frequent neutropenic attacks and hence interruptions of the therapy, one of the myelopoiesis induction therapies can be used to shorten the duration of neutropenia. For this indication short‐course HDMP therapy can be considered as an alternative to G‐CSF in this patients due to its relatively low cost, amenability to outpatient administration, and well‐tolerability by children.


The most demanding Artificial Video analytic applications require in-edge inference of the AI model to ensure low-latencies to obtain the result. In general, the training process of the model can be executed on the cloud taking benefit from the high-performance computing capabilities available on those premises. This work presents an AI Video analytic application implemented on an Edge-computing device. This device is capable of accelerating the inference of AI models and Video compression by dedicated hardware. This paper presents the architecture designed to implement Image, Networking and Deep Learning Processing functionalities on a reconfigurable System-on-Chip. Additionally, the design tools and design flow followed to generate all software and hardware configuration is detailed. This Edge Intelligence platform is currently in-service, providing the preliminary results for the targeted applications. The proposed solution can process 33 times more video data volume in real-time than the software GPU accelerated implementation for the testing conditions described in the paper.


Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-1613 / The utilisation of plain radiography versus CT for C-spine trauma in a Major Trauma Centre over a 6 months period" by: "E. Sellon, I. Pressney, B. Olubaniyi, A. Jewison, A. A. Daghir; Brighton/UK"


Production practice is an important part of practice teaching,which is also a key link for students to apply what they have learned from book into reality to realize the smooth transition between graduation and work.In recent years,the author has made useful exploration and achievements on how to manage well production practice to ensure better practice effects in implementation of production practice for resources exploration specialties.


The utility model discloses a sun shield overturning test device, comprising a vertical overturning test rack, a horizontal overturning test rack, a driving motor and a motor controller, wherein the vertical overturning test rack comprises a first base, a supporting frame, a first mounting support set, a first motor mounting seat, a first driving rod and a first proximity switch set, the horizontal overturning test rack comprises a second base, a supporting column, a second mounting support, a second motor mounting seat, a second driving rod and a second proximity switch set, the driving motor is mounted inside the first motor mounting base or the second motor mounting seat to drive the first driving rod or the second driving rod, the driving motor is a vehicle-mounted wiper motor, and the motor controller is connected with the driving motor and controls the driving motor to operate. The such shield overturning test device is simple in structure, employs the vehicle-mounted wiper motor as the driving motor, and has the advantages of being low in cost and high in reliability.


The TriCounty Planned Parenthood Agency of Hershey, Pennsylvania saved $36,000 in purchasing costs during 1983 by instituting a policy to reduce the variety of oral contraceptive (OC) formulations prescribed by its clinicians. A study conducted by Paul G. Stumpf and others at the Hershey Medical Center concluded that a limited prescribing policy would reduce costs through bulk purchasing and reducing staff time devoted to ordering, inventory activities, labeling, and accounting procedures. The researchers identified 4 major groups of OCs including 1) a 30-35 mcg group, 2) a 50 mcg group, 3) a progestin dominant group, and 4) an estrogen dominant group. The relative costs and availability of specific products representing these groups were then assessed, and 1 product from each group was identified for inclusion in the agency's recommended list of OCs. The 4 products were 1)Ortho-Novum 1/35, 2)Ortho-Novum 1/50, 3)Demulen, and 4)Modicon. The agency's 7 obstetric and gynecology practitioners were then presented with a list of recommended drugs and provided with prescribing guidelines and information on the reasons for the new policy in educational sessions conducted by the agency's staff. Practitioners were asked to prescribe only those products on the recommended list unless other products were medically indicated. When the program was instituted in 1983 it was meet with some opposition on the part of the practitioners; however, over the next 2 years the practitioners adapted their prescribing pattern to the new policy. By 1983, 95% of all the cycles prescribed were from the recommended list. Furthermore, the number of OC cycles for which prescribed were written increased from 29,214-44,422 between 1980-83. This increase supports the contention that the patient dropout rate associated with the implemention of the new policy was minimal, and that the patient population was satisfied with the new polcy.


A certain distrust of institutions permeates our society. Such distrust inheres in our foundation as a nation dedicated to individual liberty, and is directed particularly to once "elite" institutions such as universities. And university faculty are especially prone to distrust their own institutions. Not only are many of today's tenured faculty products of the academic atmosphere of the 60's, we are also intellectually oriented to our disciplines, which are far broader than the institutions we work in, and which command our deepest loyalties. This distrust of institutions is at once a vital component of a university's intellectual life, and also sometimes a source of counterproductive animosity between faculty and administration. A colleague at a near-by university recently summed up the need for a new attitude in an email:


Abstract This experiment investigated the effects of length of passage, type of test readers were told to expect, and subject matter on three outcome variables: retention of information, reading speed, and highlighting patterns. College students read either a long or a short version of one of two passages then took a multiple‐choice test containing main point and detail questions. Reading speed and highlighting were affected substantially by passage length. There was also a subject matter by length effect on retention. The study provides evidence that much of the previous reading comprehension research may not permit conclusions about studying textbooks for classroom type tests. Implications for further research are also discussed.


This study examined the newscasts produced by Serbia's main television broadcaster, Radio-Television of Serbia (RTS), from 1989 to 2009. Its goal was to reveal possible changes that had been made in the newscasts as a shift took place in Serbia's political system, from one of authoritarian control to that of democratic governance. The findings showed the newscasts had changed, making them appear Western in style. Elements of Serbia's older news practices, however, were also apparent.


Introduction Classification of plaque severity is usually based on the degree of lumen narrowing, i.e. the higher the plaque size, the higher the risk of aterosclerotic plaque. However, there are evidences that mild to moderate stenosis can lead to acute ischemic events independently on plaque size. Furthermore, plaque rupture, that is the critical feature of these moderately but high risk lesions, is frequent in plaques with thinned fibrous cap and/or a rich lipid core rather than in fibrous and calcified plaque with a thickened cap [1]. Therefore, definition of plaque severity based on the identification of constituents can improve to identify high risk aterosclerotic lesions and our understanding on the plaque susceptibility to rupture or to regression and stabilization. Several studies have been done for aterosclerosis characterization with MRI studies both in ex vivo specimens [2,3] and in vivo [4,5]. In particular, it has been shown that [4] Magnetic resonance can distinguish the different plaque constituents, such as fibrosis, calcium, lipids, thrombosis and intraplaque hemorrhage, on the basis of signal intensity in T1, PD and T2 weighted images. Although a visually, but strongly operator dependent, assessment of tissue characterization can be effectively performed by MR, a more objective and quantitative description of plaque constituents can be done using first and second order statistical parameters. These give information on the kind of plaque constituents and their intraplaque distribution. The present work explains a method for quantitatively assessing constituents and architecture of carotids and abdominal aterosclerotic plaques, using first and second order linear statistical analysis on Magnetic Resonance Images. Methods Intact human carotid and abdominal artery specimens were studied, with a total of 15 studies. After excising, these were fixed and stored in formaline. In order to deal with potential methodologic problems related to the time at which the tissue was excised, sampling were performed only when the interval from death to excision ranged between 10 and 15 hours. MR and histological examination of each specimen was performed within three days after excision. MR images were acquired with a 1.5 T Signa LX system (GE Corporation) using a phased-array head neck coil. Spin Echo T1, PD and T2 weighted sequences were performed in each study with the following parameters: FOV= 10x10, 512x512 images, 4 NEX, T1 sequence: TR = 700msec, TE = 14msec.; PD sequence: TE = 14 msec. TR = 2000msec.; T2 sequence: TE = 38msec. TR = 2000msec.. All these parameters were kept unchanged for all the studies. On each specimen, acquired zone has been targeted in order to do excising operation for histological studies exactly in the same MRI acquired zone. On each MRI acquired image, regions including aterosclerotic plaques (region of interest, ROI), were manually signed by a medical operator; then, such regions have been processed for quantitative analysis. We propose a more objective and quantitative description of plaque constituents using first and second order statistical parameters that give information on the kind of plaque constituents and their intraplaque distribution respectively. In particular, as first order statistical parameters, we extract the mean of gray levels corresponding to the ROI. Second order statistical analysis was performed in the ROI frequency domain; in particular, the Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis was proposed. We have chosen as characterizing index the area under the PSD curve evaluated on higher frequencies points; in fact, higher spectral values give information about the higher spatial changes on plaque components. The integral of such values is relevant to mean spatial variability of plaque components in the image. According to theoretical results [6], low area values are relevant to spatially homogeneous phenomena while high values are relevant to a spatially irregular process.


In a double‐blind trial thirty‐five patients with moderately‐severe nasal polyposis were treated with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol for 3 weeks. The dose given (400 γg/day) had only local effect on the symptoms. Judged by diary card scores the nasal symptoms were reduced to 52% of the pre‐trial level for the whole group. Corrected for the placebo effect the percentage was 68. The reduction of symptoms was equally apportioned to the three symptoms, sneezing, nasal secretion and blockage.


The design and production for training bench combining the need of teaching which Toyota electronically controlled engine as an example.Training equipment as the carrier in the fault diagnosis skills training for the engine electronic control system.


On the base of analyzing the type of exciter No.11 bearing white metal damage, the root cause and its solution are found, and no damage was found on bearing white metal in the later time. On the base of analyzing the structure of the generator end bracket, It is pointed out that when the generator frame is full of pressed gas, the end bracket will deform, that result in the load on No.11 bearing increase, as a result causes the bearing temperature high, and then give its soultion.


Communication systems in aviation tend to focus on safety rather than security. Protocols such as Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) use plain-text, unauthenticated messages and, therefore, open to various attacks. The open and shared nature of the ADS-B protocol makes its messages extremely vulnerable to various security threats, such as jamming, flooding, false information, and false Squawk attacks. To handle this security issue in the ADS-B system, a state-of-the-art dataset is required to train the ADS-B system against these attacks using machine learning algorithms.Therefore, we generated the dataset with four new attacks: name jumping attack, false information attack, false heading attack, and false squawk attack. After the dataset generation, we performed some data pre-processing steps, including removing missing values, removing outliers from data, and data transformation.After pre-processing, we applied three machine learning algorithms. Logistic regression, Naive Bayes, and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) are used in this paper. We used accuracy, precision, recall, F1-Score, and false alarm rate (FAR) to evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithms. KNN outperformed Naive Bayes and logistic regression algorithms in terms of the results. We achieved 0% FAR for anomaly messages, and for normal ADS-B messages, we achieved 0.10% FAR, respectively. On average more than 99.90% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are achieved using KNN for both normal and anomaly ADS-B messages.


(57) Abstract: Ski (10), a body formed by the first core (28) comprises a (22), the first core (28) is reinforced by the structure layer (30) surrounding the first core ing. Second core (24) is disposed on the body, it is secured to the body by an elastomeric layer (32). Uppermost layer is disposed on the exposed portion of the second core and the body, and the second core integral with the ski. Moreover, the ski has a bottom layer which is reinforced by an edge strip (36) to (34). Second core (24), without giving much effect on the stiffness of the ski, to impart additional mass into the selected region of the ski, thereby, affects the dynamic contour of the ski.


This study revealed on the Application of Health and Safety (K3) in dressmaking workshop SMK State 1 Ampek Angkek Agam, terms of three indicators, that is (1) Application of K3 with itself, (2) Application of K3 in using the tools of practice, (3) Application of K3 in the work environment. This research is a qualitative study, in order to examine the condition of the natural objects with the intent of exposing some of the circumstances in which the researcher as the key instrument. Source of data obtained through informants who understand about the workshop are: students, teachers who teach subjects practice, the head of the workshop, head of the study program. Data was collected by observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data is done by way of extension of participation, persistence observation, triangulation and auditing. The results showed that the application of K3 in dressmaking workshop SMK State 1 Ampek Angkek Agam on each indicator has not been fully implemented at the time of practice.


arrester system for wind turbine blades with optimized injection lightning current carrying components in their shells media. The injection means comprise a current sink (27; 47; 67) element connected to the input cable of the lightning current and disposed on an area of the shells near the electrical conductor (22; 42; 62) component and a element current injection (28; 48; 68; 69, 69 ') disposed on the electrically conductive (22; 42; 62) component and connected to the current sink (27; 47; 67) element at least two distribution cables (31, 32; 51, 52, 53; 71, 72, 73, 74).


There is a world famous folk tale about"the frog prince".In china,it becomes a story of "the magical frog husband".This paper divides it into four types and uses the research methods of motif and type to explain the cultural connotation of this story and its chinese sources.


Each of the fuels distributed on the market must meet the quality requirements of the relevant standard. Some change of the methods and limits were also lonked to the addition of the biofuels in motor fuels. This article is focused on the determination of the distillation curve of gasoline blended with biobutanol as a possible alternative to bioethanol. It also defines the basic terms such as distillation, boiling and distillation curve parameters simultaneously. The experiment is aimed at comparing the distillation curve of pure gasoline and mixed fuel containing 5% and 10% biobutanol and for comparison and 5% and 10% ethanol. Furthermore the analyzed distillation curve of gasoline containing 30%, 50%, 85% biobutanol was also compared to that of net biobutanol and gasoline. The use of bioethanol is facing a number of problems. Developments in the field of biofuels is directed to the use of the second generation, which are made from non-food agricultural production and waste biomass. Biobutanol is now classified as such biofuels.


Six Sigma was from Motorola and famous from General Electric Company's use.Six Sigma not only equal to reject ratio of 3.4ppm.Six Sigma is a control way based on data.


Information from a variety of research and clinical methods related to the morphology and function of the renal vascular bed has been synthesized to analyze the role of the renal angiogram in the diagnosis of parenchymal disease of the kidney. With few exceptions, it is clear that the arterial tree of the kidney responds in a limited manner to a variety of diseases. Thus there is little basis for using the individual vascular elements of the arteriogram to make specific pathologic diagnoses. On the other hand, careful analysis of the angiographie nephrogram may allow individual cases to be classified according to perfusion abnormalities which may be of diagnostic and prognostic significance. Vascular changes produced by aging alone parallel those produced by diseases and must be taken into account in the analysis of die renal angiogram.


In order to investigate whether the up-regulation of GSNO reductase(GSNOR)by gaseous formaldehyde is associated with the changes of GSH levels, the Kunming male mice were used as experimental materials in present study. GSNOR activity and GSH levels were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage of mice after the exposure to 0, 3.0mg·m-3 formaldehyde and mice that were intraperitoneally injected with α-lipoic acid. The results showed that GSNOR activity was significantly increased in 3.0mg·m-3 formaldehyde inhaled mice, accompanied with the significant decrease of GSH levels(compared with 0mg·m-3 formaldehyde inhaled mice p0.01);while α-lipoic acid injection resulted in a significant decrease of GSNOR activity and increase of GSH levels in formaldehyde inhaled mice. After the exposure of formaldehyde, GSNOR and GSH showed an opposite tendency. The results suggested that gaseous formaldehyde regulated GSNOR via GSH pathway. Formaldehyde might up-regulate GSNOR by inducing oxidative stress, which might provide a basis for the understanding of the regulation of GSNOR in the airways.


PWM controlled line-side converters of modern ac traction locomotives inject harmonic currents into the feeding overhead line. This causes problem of electromagnetic interference. Passive and Active filters are usually provided for a reduction of the line harmonics. Active filters are more reasonable than passive filters in terms of weight and space of the filters. Successful control of active filters requires an accurate harmonic current reference. A technique to generate the harmonic current reference is proposed in this paper. The analysis is performed in frequency domain and its effectiveness is verified by simulation


With the rapid development of localization techniques and the prevalence of mobile devices, massive amounts of trajectory data have been generated, playing essential roles in areas of user analytics, smart transportation, and public safety. Measuring trajectory similarity is one of the fundamental tasks in trajectory analytics. Although considerable research has been conducted on trajectory similarity, the majority of existing approaches measure the similarity between two trajectories by calculating the distance between aligned locations, leading to challenges related to uncertain trajectories (e.g., low and heterogeneous data sampling rates, as well as location noise). To address these challenges, we propose Contra, a convolution-based similarity measure designed specifically for uncertain trajectories. The main focus of Contra is to identify the similarity of trajectory shapes while disregarding the time/order relevance of each record within the trajectory. To this end, it leverages a series of convolution and pooling operations to extract high-level geo-information from trajectories, and subsequently compares their similarities based on these extracted features. Moreover, we introduce efficient trajectory index strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our proposed measure. We conduct comprehensive experiments on two trajectory datasets to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. The experiments on both datasets show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach. Specifically, the mean rank of Contra is 3 times better than the state-of-the-art approaches, and the precision of Contra surpasses baseline approaches by 20–40%.


Modified kraft pulping has shown to improve the quality of pulp by achieving lower κ numbers and/or increasing the pulp strength, but its implementation is based on empirical knowledge and is installation-specific. One of the recommendations to implement modified cooking is that of leveling out the effective alkali concentration throughout the cook, which demonstrates the subjectivity of the approach. To apply a universal methodology that defines the specific effective alkali level or profile to achieve a desired pulp, a reliable effective alkali dynamics (model) is required. Effective alkali is consumed during the bulk phase mainly for delignification, but its concentration is also affected by supplying white liquor at different times or points. If a model describes the effective alkali dynamics properly based on delignification and process characteristics, then a more general methodology could be developed to define the required effective alkali levels. A model that is easy to use, has real-time feature...


A non-isothermal mathematical model was established which consists of the heat transfer equation within a porous medium,the mixed gas mass transfer equation,and the state of ideal gas equation to simulate the whole cylinder-type reaction process of the reduction of iron ore.By comparing the experimental data with the simulation data,it is shown that the model can accurately describe the reaction process of the direct reduction reactive cylinder.The reaction heat released by the reaction of carbon and heat conduction quantity is considerable in the semi-coke layer and the reduction reaction rate can be determined commonly by the chemical reaction and the porous medium heat transfer.The degree of iron ore reduction close to the coke layer is relatively higher and the reduction degree close to the center of iron ore layer is relatively lower,displaying a "U"-shape distribution.


Results are presented from calculations performed to determine the profile for supersonic channels that will ensure the specified distribution of the flow parameters on the surface of the body


Understanding the molecular mechanism of glaucoma and development of neuroprotectants are significantly hindered by the lack of a reliable animal model that accurately recapitulates human glaucoma. Here we sought to develop a mouse model for the secondary glaucoma that is often observed in humans after silicone oil (SO) blocks the pupil or migrates into the anterior chamber following vitreoretinal surgery. We observed similar intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after intracameral injection into mouse eyes of SO, and removing the SO allows the IOP level to quickly return to normal. This simple, inducible and reversible mouse model showed dynamic changes of visual function that correlate with progressive RGC loss and axon degeneration. We also used a single AAV vector for the first time to co-express miRNA-based shRNA and a neuroprotective transgene and further validated this model as an effective in vivo means to test neuroprotective therapies by targeting neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress.


It is recommended to use carbonatecontaining waste of the different branches of industry as efficient technological additives to clayey raw material for production of porous ceramic wall material with high heat insulation characteristics.


This paper presents a bow tie antenna with and without metamaterial loading operating from 1.2 GHz to 1.45 GHz. Five layers, each consisting of a 4⨯5 array of split ring resonators (SRR)and modified split ring resonators (SRR)on a FR-4 substrate is placed around the antenna. The directivity in the E-plane is increased by a factor of two compared to the H-plane. The gain at 1.32 GHz for the antenna with SRR and modified SRR is equal to 2.84 dB and 2.82 dB respectively, compared to 1.77 dB of a bow tie antenna without metamaterial loading.


A 42-year-old lady underwent a routine renal transplant ultrasound. She had IgA nephropathy and had received a first renal transplant from a deceased donor 2 years before. Her transplant function was stable and serum creatinine was found to be 200 μmol/l on tacrolimus monotherapy. On ultrasound, the renal transplant was 11 × 4 cm with mild parenchymal changes and no evidence of obstruction was found. Surprisingly, Doppler ultrasound of the segmental arteries showed two distinct and alternating waveforms (Figure 1). The patient was entirely asymptomatic. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus rhythm (Figure 2).


Contact-based cross-cultural training (CCT) is essential in cultural intelligence (CQ) development; however, little is known about how individual differences and training characteristics influence CQ development. This work argues that in the context of contact-based CCT, a participant's social complexity belief predicts the perception of disconfirmation in culturally shaped expectations, and ultimately his or her CQ development. Furthermore, using person–situation interactionist research, this study explores the interaction of social complexity belief with perceived optimal contact characteristics: common goals, personalized contact, equal status, and support of authorities. The hypotheses were tested in a pre- and postdesign study involving 174 management students who participated in a multiweek contact-based CCT. The results reveal that social complexity belief is positively associated with CQ development and that the perception of disconfirmation mediates this relationship. The perception of common goals by a CCT participant during contact attenuates the positive effect of his or her social complexity belief on the perception of disconfirmation. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual differences and training characteristics in CCT design and selection.


The entrainment response of a pair-cell ionic model is obtained as a function of the pacing frequency and of the coupling resistance. Changes in the response are shown to be linked to the modification action potential duration by the intercellular resistance. A two-dimensional finite difference model is proposed that reproduces the dynamics of the ionic model.