The purpose in the study was to investigate the dynamics of family functioning between delinquent and nondelinquent participants. A total of 181 participants (77 delinquents; 104 nondelinquents) answered the Family Functioning Questionnaire (FFQ). Results of the study indicated that there were no significant differences between delinquents and nondelinquents; but there were significant differences between males and females across FFQ subscales in favor of males; also there were significant differences between delinquents and nondelinquents on the emotional fulfillment and behavioral control subscales in favor of delinquents.


The reaction of N-aryl maleimides (II) with aliphatic ketazines (I), (VII), and (IX) leads to the formation of 4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-ones (III), (VIII), and (X) in moderate yields.


This article reports the results of a content analysis of a large sample of customer comments that deal with both service delivery and service outcome. The study develops a greater understanding of what customers care about in a service firm's offerings..


From the positions of Praxeology, the aspects of the forming of the future teachers' abilities to choose software that turns out to be the most rational for the solving of the professional task are considered in the article (on the example of computer science teachers' preparation to use dynamic mathematics software (DMS). The forming of such abilities based on a formula "one task – different software" is described. The methodology of organization of such experimental studies on the base of Sumy State Pedagogical University (Ukraine) is described. The results of the statistical analysis of data are given on the basis of non-parametric sign test for dependent sample. It is educed that taking into account such approach provides the positive dynamics of the level of future informatics teachers' preparation at the significance level of 0.05.


OBJECTIVE To develop an appropriate nanostructured lipid carrier(CsA-NLC) for ocular drug delivery of cyclosporine A and its in vitro physicochemical properties and ocular irritation studies were investigated.METHODS The melt-emulsification method was chosen to prepare CsA-NLC.The formulation was optimized by orthogonal design.The morphology of CsA-NLC was observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The mean particle size and Zeta potential were measured by laser particle size analyzer.The state of drug in NLC was confirmed by DSC.Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined by HPLC.Dialysis method at 34 ℃ was employed to investigate the in vitro release of CsA-NLC.The topical ocular irritation study of CsA-NLC was made in rabbits.RESULTS The obtained CsA-NLC was approximately spherical in shape with average particle size of(35.9±0.21) nm and zeta potential of(-13.9±0.21) mV.The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were(16.2±0.09)% and(97.5±0.58)%,respectively.The in vitro release of CsA-NLC was slowed down and fitted well single exponential distribution model.There was no irritation for CsA-NLC to rabbits eye.CONCLUSION CsA-NLC with small particle sizes and high drug loading,slow release would be a promising nanocarrier for ocular drug delivery to improve drugs bioavailability.


Compared with Taiwan's global metropolises, Tainan retains certain history and tradition. Also because of its close proximity to the sea, it offers rich natural resources and landscapes. More importantly, in Tainan one can witness both juxtaposition and integration of past lifestyles & customs and modern popular culture, constituting a unique urban milieu that not only insists on the tradition but also merges with contemporary spirits. Given such historic development and background, Tainan offers up a sizeable accumulation of photography assets, whether it be themes of ecology, art, humanistic documentation, weddings, memorials, families or historic photographs. A photography festival is a sphere where images can be re-presented and traditional culture can receive attention, resonance, allowing creativity infinite possibilities; it is also a great opportunity enabling the general public to re-visit the past while looking forward to the future. This paper will explore the positioning of feasible directions, themes, materials and framework packages if Tainan with unprecedented experience yet armed with favorable conditions is to host such events, as well as with a focus on whether photography festivals can yield cultural and creative benefits for the city to make an international impact, by way of the invisible force of culture.


The invention provides a drying method and device of a clothes drier. The drying method of the clothes drier comprises the steps of: drying objects to be dried in the clothes drier; prompting users to turn over the objects to be dried if the objects to be dried meet a preset first ending condition; drying the objects to be dried if the objects to be dried are turned over; and ending to dry the objects to be dried if the objects to be dried meet a preset second ending condition. In the invention, the users are prompted to dry the objects to be dried after the objects to be dried meet the first ending condition firstly, and then the objects to be dried which are turned over are dried, such that the external parts and the internal parts of the objects to be dried can be dried fully by the clothes drier and the drying effect of the clothes drier is improved.


Background: health communication has shown to be of vital importance to achieve changes in the individual and social behaviors of people. Objective: to design a health communication plan aimed at older adults with diabetes mellitus. Methods: a technological development investigation was carried out, methods of the theoretical level and empirical level were used, in the Hermanos Cruz University Polyclinic of Pinar del Rio, in the second quarter of 2018. Results: the diagnosis of the situation was made, the appropriate behaviors to be followed by the audience were established, the objectives of knowledge and appropriate behaviors were formulated and the definition of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms was also made. Conclusions: a health communication plan was developed and proposed for older adults with diabetes mellitus, taking into account the objectives of knowledge and appropriate behavior, and its importance is offered for the education of older adults with diabetes mellitus. The slogan of the messages allows to fulfill the behavioral and knowledge objective that it has from the proposed activities. DeCS: DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2/diagnosis; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2/prevention & control; AGED; HEALTH COMMUNICATION; NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES/prevention & control.


The technique of complex demodulation is applied to low latitude geomagnetic field data to isolate the long term changes in the amplitude and phase of the semiannual and annual variations. The phase for semiannual variation is in close agreement with that anticipated from equinoctial hypothesis. The amplitude does not show significant dependence on the 11-yr solar cycle. Comparable time variation for all the hours of the day leads to the conclusion that the semiannual variation originates in the disturbance field. A regular oscillation with a 6-7 year periodicity and a long-term variation of the amplitude of annual oscillation corresponding to 14 LT appear as new results.


Aims: Fusarium wilt of melon (Cucumis melo L.), which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis is regarded as a severe disease worldwide. Among the races (0, 1, 2 and 1,2), no gene conferringhigh resistance to race 1,2 has been identified in melon Wild Cucumis species have been reported to possess resistance to some melon diseases, and some of the methods of overcome to the reproductive barriers in genus Cucumis interspecific crosses were reported. We evaluated C. ficifolius for novel resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis and searched for novel sources of resistance. Study Design: A total of 10–20 plants were evaluated for each accession. Results were expressed as mean values and standard errors. Disease severity was log-transformed and data were analyzed using least-squares analysis of variance (ANOVA). A post hoc TukeyHSD test was performed to compare disease severity among the accessions.


Penulis Korespondensi: Zulkifli email@example.com In the world of IT, websites are very vulnerable to hacker attacks in various types of ways so that they can break into the security of the target website. SQL injection attacks are often carried out on breaching websites from the login form by entering a special injection username and password so that the website can be hacked easily. In securing a website from injection attacks, there are various ways, one of which is by using the max length technique and input type number. The maxlength technique and input type number are made in the form of php or html source code which is inserted into the login form source code in the username and password input section. One of the advantages of this maxlengnth and input type technique is that it limits the input of the username and changes the format of the password input to only numbers, which means it will prevent hackers from forcibly penetrating the SQL injection attack on the website.


The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a package wherein an organic EL element on a substrate is sealed by means of a resin composition layer. This method for manufacturing a package comprises: (1) a step for drying a sheet for sealing, which is obtained by sequentially laminating a supporting body, a resin composition layer and a cover film in this order, by a near infrared or middle infrared dryer without separating the cover film; and (2) a step for sealing an organic EL element by means of the resin composition layer of the sheet for sealing after removing the cover film from the dried sheet for sealing.


This coursework it is a performance analysis of banana fiber for textile purposes. We used the technical dialogue qualitative research interview to obtain data from the handcrafters. Through variation of the weft were obtained four tissue samples with different patterns. From the results, it was found that the banana fiber has a great potential for use in textiles, as a plentiful, economically viable and eco-efficient material.


We analyze data from a field experiment in which an auto repair firm provided checklists to mechanics and monitored their use. Revenue was 20 percent higher during the experiment, and the effect is equivalent to that of a 1.6 percentage point (10 percent) commission increase. Checklists appear to boost productivity by serving both as a memory aid and a monitoring technology. Despite the large benefits to the firm, mechanics did not use checklists without the firm directly monitoring their use. We show that a moral hazard can explain why mechanics do not otherwise adopt checklists. (JEL C93, D82, L25, L81)


This paper is concerned with the idea of the group as a signifying chain. Group elements, e.g., roles, subgroups, group episodes, and social acts, are viewed as signifiers open to particular significations each of which may be represented within the imaginary history of the group, i.e., in particular people and events. This theoretical position is arrived at via an application of Lacan's ideas to implications drawn from an examination of Freud's works on narcissism and group psychology. To Freud, the group is bound together by narcissistic identifications among the members who have each incorporated important aspects of the leader into his/her ego-ideal. The myth of the primal horde exemplifies this basic group structure. Taking this myth as a basis for further hypotheses about groups, this paper argues for differential member identifications with the leader. These differential identifications seem to be the imaginary effects of the signifying chain (group structure) that is anchored by the central signifier of the group, i.e., the symbolic father/leader. A particular group is exampled.


ABSTRACT Data for solubility of hydrogen in binary liquid aluminium alloys have been reanalysed by normalising alloy hydrogen solubility data with that for pure aluminium reported in the same study. This method has eliminated one source of variation, namely due to difference in experimental conditions between studies. Analysis has shown the effect of Cu, Mg, Si and Zn additions on normalised hydrogen solubility can be estimated by using exponential fits. The method is also demonstrated to provide accurate estimates for three multicomponent alloys.


The United Nations has established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a global initiative to achieve a more sustainable future. Within these goals, SDG16 emphasizes the significance of sustainable public sector management, which profoundly influences the accomplishment of other SDGs. Enhancing public service motivation is a critical element in advancing sustainable public sector management. This study explores the potential of mortality salience as an intervention to bolster public service motivation, aiming to provide valuable insights for SDG16. Specifically, the study investigates the varied effects of mortality salience on public service motivation using a survey experiment and employs machine learning techniques. The findings reveal a significant positive impact of mortality salience on public service motivation. Furthermore, this study highlights that this impact is more prominent in organizations characterized by high levels of servant leadership and extrinsic rewards, as well as low levels of organization-based self-esteem. These findings have practical implications for fostering sustainable public sector management in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.


This study aims to mitigate CaCO3 scale formation in pipes under influence of vibration and oxalic and formic acid additives. The vibration of the pipes was generated mechanically by an electrical motor and controlled by a computer program. CaCO3 scale was synthesized by CaCl2 and Na2CO3 reagents. The scale deposition was examined at a temperature of 35°C and vibration frequencies of 0.00, 3.00, and 6.00 Hz. The mass of scale deposit was found as 3.3211 g, 3.8358g, and 4.4705 g. Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy analysis proved that the additives successfully diffused into the crystal lattice and retarded carbonate anion formation, which consequently retarded the scale formation. In addition, the use of oxalic acid made the morphology of vaterite-changed. However,the formic acid was added, a new habit of hexagonal thin-plate vaterite-could be observed and a fewer carbonate scale was obtained.


Polarization-shift keying (PolSK) is shown theoretically and experimentally to improve performance of optical links based on spectrally-sliced sources. BER floors observed with on-off keying (OOK) at 5 Gb/s are eliminated when 2-PolSk is used.


It is known that deficiency of dietary zinc has caused hyperparakeratosis in orthokeratinized epithelia of skin and oral mucosa as well as growth retardation in several experimental animals1-3). Since the demonstration by McConnell and Henkin (1974)4) that a zinc-deficient diet caused hypogeusia in rat, interest has developed on the possible relationship between gustatory disorder and zinc5-7). This communication describes briefly the morphological changes of the tongue, especially the gustatory area, in zinc-deficient rats together with a discussion concerning the pathogenesis of the gustatory disorder.


ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of these foods on plaque pH and the potential development of tooth decay. Materials and Methods: Plaque pH was measured using the sampling method before and after 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min following consumption of these foods individually and after rinsing with a 10% sucrose solution. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results: Although there were statistically significant differences in all test groups except the BT (P = 0.620) and sucrose + XCG (P = 0.550) groups in time, none of the participants chosen for this study were having a plaque pH value anywhere close to the critical value (pH = 5.5). Conclusion: WC, BT, and XCG are advisable as anticariogenic foods because pH values are not below critical value.


In the present study, 868 SSR and 475 InDel markers were selected to study parental polymorphism of two different crosses between recipient parent Samba Mahsuri and false smut donor linesIC379047 and IC334233 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. Out of 1343 markers used for parental polymorphism, 100 markers were polymorphic between parental lines Samba Mahsuri and landrace IC379047 and the total polymorphism percentage recorded was 7.44%. Ninety-nine markers exhibited polymorphism between parental lines Samba Mahsuri and IC334233 and 7.37% of total polymorphism percentage was recorded between the parents. The identified polymorphic markers could be further used for QTL mapping studies in false smut resistance.


We present the construction of the classical Batalin–Vilkovisky (BV) action for topological Dirac sigma models. The latter are two-dimensional topological field theories that simultaneously generalise the completely gauged Wess–Zumino–Novikov–Witten model and the Poisson sigma model. Their underlying structure is that of Dirac manifolds associated to maximal isotropic and integrable subbundles of an exact Courant algebroid twisted by a 3-form. In contrast to the Poisson sigma model, the AKSZ construction is not applicable for the general Dirac sigma model. We therefore follow a direct approach for determining a suitable BV extension of the classical action functional with ghosts and antifields satisfying the classical master equation. Special attention is paid to target space covariance, which requires the introduction of two connections with torsion on the Dirac structure.


Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are believed to be non-recurrent bright X-ray sources lasting less than a day and occuring at serendipitous positions, they can best be detected and discovered by instruments having a sufficiently wide field of view and high sensitivity. The IBIS/ISGRI instrument onboard INTEGRAL is particularly suited to detect new or already known fast X-ray transient sources. We report on IBIS/ISGRI detection of newly discovered outbursts of three fast transient sources located at low Galactic latitude: SAX J1818.6−1703; IGR J16479−4514; IGR J17391−302/XTE J1739−302. The reported results confirm and strengthen the very fast transient nature of these sources, given that all their newly detected outbursts have a duration less than ∼3 h. Additionally, they provide the first evidence for a possible recurrent fast transient behaviour as all three sources were detected in outburst by ISGRI more than once during the last 2 years.


Abstract A Photon Monte Carlo method combined with a composition PDF method is employed to model radiative heat transfer in combustion applications. Turbulence–radiation interactions (TRIs) can be fully taken into account using the proposed method. Sandia's Flame D and artificial flames derived from it are simulated and good agreement with experimental data is found. The effects of different TRI components are investigated. It is shown that, to predict the radiation field accurately, emission TRI must be taken into account, while, as expected, absorption TRI is negligible in the considered nonsooting methane/air jet flames if the total radiation quantities are concerned, but non-negligible for evaluation of local quantities. The influence of radiation on the turbulent flow field is also discussed.


The goal of this project is to develop an automated algorithm of die filter to minimize the number of dies for PFA engineers to review and to confirm before PFA submission. This can reduce the workload of PFA engineers so that the PFA engineers can focus their investigations on few wafers and dies and thus the PFA job submission can be more efficient and accurate. The number, type, and location of dies for PFA sampling can be automatically given by following the rules set by PFA engineers.


The world is getting more polluted each day. Fortunately, consumers are now more aware and concerned about environmental issues. Customers are expecting the same sensitivity to the environment in both marketing and production strategies of companies. The main aim of this paper is to develop a framework for understanding the integration of green marketing concept with the marketing mix both in the form of 4Ps (price, place, promotion, product) and 4Cs (communication, costs, convenience, customer). This paper will deal with the environmentaly friendly measures to be taken by marketing organizations. In addition to the green marketing sub-mix, some important strategies, including green logistics and reverse logistics topics, are handled extensively with the aim of completing the framework of the green marketing.


talking about what Victorians said evolution implied about their society and the cultures of people they considered less evolved than themselves. Victorians talked about, wrote about, and pictured the idea of evolution and the trajectory from primitive to civilized society as inextricable. Everything stood for something else, represented something else. Evolution represented many things: it could be made to fit into the framework of Victorian order and progress, but cartoons and iconography in popular culture show that it was not necessarily an easy fit.


Ethanolic fermentation of sugar solutions obtained on acid prehydrolysis of aspen and pine woods and from those present in spent sulphite liquor (SSL) were investigated in batch culture and in a continuous dynamic immobilized cell (CDIC) fermenter. The inhibitory effect of acetic acid on the fermentation of such liquors was overcome by steam-stripping. Major benefits were obtained when Pichia stipitis R was employed in fermenting and removing sugar from SSL compared to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ethanol yields were 38% higher along with 40% more sugar removal from softwood SSL. S. cerevisiae was not able to ferment hardwood SSL effectively. Using immobilized cells of P. stipitis R in a CDIC bioreactor, we found that softwood SSL could be fermented in seven hours with 90% xylose fermentation, while hemicellulose hydrolysates were fermented in four to five hours, with an average volumetric ethanol productivity of about 2.6 g/l/h. The merits of using P. stipitis R for efficient and rapid fermentation of xylose-rich hydrolysates, and the possible application of the CDIC bioreactor to continuous ethanolic fermentations are discussed. (Refs. 28).


The evolution of mobile networks shows that there is a need for improvement in spectrum efficiency. Beyond spectrum efficiency, 5G networks must have massive connectivity and low latency. The role of multiple access techniques is important to provide spectrum efficiency and QoS. The existing orthogonal multiple access techniques do not satisfy the spectrum efficiency requirements for 5G. NOMA is a spectrum-efficient MAC protocol that provides solutions for 5G networks. In this paper, we have compared and analyzed existing multiple access techniques with promising multiple access NOMA for 5G networks. The evaluation shows that we cannot replace OMA with NOMA. A single MAC protocol will not fulfil the requirements of 5G networks. We proposed a hybrid MAC protocol for 5G that adaptively selects the MAC protocol as per channel characteristics. Our proposed software-defined multiple access techniques will adaptively conFigure different multiple access schemes according to the requirements of different applications and services in 5G.


We present a method to extract topology information from detection events of mobile entities moving through a network of binary sensors. We extract the topological structure of possible paths in the network by analyzing the time correlation of events at different sensors. The histograms of time delays between any two sensors contain the necessary information to reconstruct the network topology. This data is heavily corrupted by noise due to multiple agents in the network. We therefore use a mixture model of multiple Gaussian and a uniform distribution to explicitly isolate the noise. Our algorithm yields a graph representing the topology of our sensor network along with average travel time between nodes.


Predictive coding is attractive for compression on board of spacecraft due to its low computational complexity, modest memory requirements, and the ability to accurately control quality on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Traditionally, predictive compression focused on the lossless and near-lossless modes of operation, where the maximum error can be bounded but the rate of the compressed image is variable. Rate control is considered a challenging problem for predictive encoders due to the dependencies between quantization and prediction in the feedback loop and the lack of a signal representation that packs the signal's energy into few coefficients. In this paper, we show that it is possible to design a rate control scheme intended for onboard implementation. In particular, we propose a general framework to select quantizers in each spatial and spectral region of an image to achieve the desired target rate while minimizing distortion. The rate control algorithm allows achieving lossy near-lossless compression and any in-between type of compression, e.g., lossy compression with a near-lossless constraint. While this framework is independent of the specific predictor used, in order to show its performance, in this paper, we tailor it to the predictor adopted by the CCSDS-123 lossless compression standard, obtaining an extension that allows performing lossless, near-lossless, and lossy compression in a single package. We show that the rate controller has excellent performance in terms of accuracy in the output rate, rate-distortion characteristics, and is extremely competitive with respect to state-of-the-art transform coding.


Abstract. Plasma levels of non‐conjugated oestrone1 were measured with a radio‐immunological method in women with complicated pregnancies during the last trimester. A comparison was performed between values of normal pregnancies from a previous report (3) and those of pathological pregnancies. Women with severe pre‐eclampsia were found to have low values and to some extent the oestrone level could predict fetal outcome. In pregnant patients with long‐standing diabetes mellitus the plasma levels of oestrone seemed to be higher than those of uncomplicated pregnancy. In women with pregnancies complicated by Rh‐isoimmunization, oestrone plasma levels were similar to those found in normal pregnancies.


To examine the incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injury in women who had a successful vaginal birth after a previous caesarean delivery (VBAC).


A tracking horn-reflector antenna, a maser preamplifier (and standby parametric preamplifier), and a special FM demodulator were combined to form a low-noise receiving system which made possible the establishment of a high-quality voice circuit via the Echo I passive satellite. This paper describes the 2390-Mc receiving system located at the Bell Telephone Laboratories facility in Holmdel, New Jersey.


This report is in microfiche form. The filament winding process involves winding continuous resin-impregnated glass-fibre filaments onto a revolving mandrel having the shape of the required hull or other object . This process has been studied in order to identify any problems associated with this process. The winding machine and mandrel concepts are reviewed, together with structural requirements and suitable materials. A design for a one-fifth scale model of a 150-ft hull and its mandrel has been developed, and the developments necessary for the successful construction of such a model, and the full-scale ship, are discussed.


The present paper aims at understanding r-process nucleosynthesis by addressing the nuclear physics involved, the necessary environment conditions in the (stellar) production sites, and the observational constraints. We also summarize the remaining challenges and uncertainties which need to be overcome for a full understanding of the nature of the r-process.


Nowadays, user experience (UX) is treated as an essential element to be considered by smart device designers. UX of the disabled is also considered important, as the welfare of the disabled has become a major issue in today's society. This study aims to propose a new concept of the value of UX, from the perspective of the human life value. UX design principles and UX design properties on a smart device design for the disabled were also defined to enhance the value of the smart device's experience. Literatures that related to UX, human/life value, and product/service's value were collected from various academic fields like philosophy, economics, ergonomics, and education to define and analyze the smart device UX. Industrial literatures related to smart device/application design guidelines, usability/accessibility guidelines were also collected to develop the UX design principles and properties. Collected literatures were analyzed to define the value elements of UX such as utilitarian value, affective value, and social value that affect the human life value of the disabled. UX design principles were developed based on the value elements of UX and existing design guidelines. The UX design properties were refined from the literatures.


Objectives It is unclear if morphology impacts on diastole in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We sought to determine the relationship between various parameters of diastolic function and morphology in a large HCM cohort. Setting Tertiary referral centre from Stanford, California, USA. Partecipants 383 patients with HCM and normal systolic function between 1999 and 2011. A group of 100 prospectively recruited age-matched and sex-matched healthy participants were used as controls. Primary and secondary outcome measures Echocardiograms were assessed by two blinded board-certified cardiologists. HCM morphology was classified as described in the literature (reverse, sigmoid, symmetric, apical and undefined). Results Reverse curvature morphology was most commonly observed (218 (57%). Lateral mitral annular E′<12 cm/s was present in 86% of reverse, 88% of sigmoid, 79% of symmetric, 86% of apical and 81% of undefined morphology, p=0.65. E/E′ was similarly elevated (E/E′: 12.3±7.9 in reverse curvature, 12.1±6.1 in sigmoid, 12.7±9.5 in symmetric, 9.4±4.0 in apical, 12.7±7.9 in undefined morphology, p=0.71) and indexed left atrial volume (LAVi)>40 mL/m2 was present in 47% in reverse curvature, 33% in sigmoid, 32% in symmetric, 37% in apical and 32% in undefined, p=0.09. Each morphology showed altered parameters of diastolic function when compared with the control population. Left ventricular (LV) obstruction was independently associated with all three diastolic parameters considered, in particular with LAVi>40 mL/m2 (OR 2.04 (95% CI 1.23 to 3.39), p=0.005), E/E′>15 (OR 4.66 (95% CI 2.51 to 8.64), p<0.001) and E′<8 (OR 2.55 (95% CI 1.42 to 4.53), p=0.001). Other correlates of diastolic dysfunction were age, LV wall thickness and moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation. Conclusions In HCM, diastolic dysfunction is present to similar degrees independently from the morphological pattern. The main correlates of diastolic dysfunction are LV obstruction, age, degree of hypertrophy and degree of mitral regurgitation.


THE premorbid nutritional status of patients with anorexia nervosa is often one either of chronic obesity or else has included a phase of overeating and some weight gain just prior to the onset of illness. In some patients this phase may seem to be one aspect of the adolescent growth spurt, together with its attendant 'puppy fat'. The cause and effect relationship of eating behaviour to the adolescent growth spurt and puberty is complex (Tanner, 1962). Information concerning the nutritional history of patients with anorexia nervosa and also patients with obesity may be difficult to obtain, since these patients and also often their parents deny present and past fact concerning their feeding behaviour and weight, both to themselves and others (Crisp, 1965a; Quaade, 1955). Recently, Crisp (1965b) has shown, in a series of forty-two patients with anorexia nervosa, that the 'typical' group of patients were characterized premorbidly by a state of high level of nutrition apparent from the time of birth. Some evidence was presented to suggest that this was initially associated with intrauterine nutrition. In conjunction with these findings, the adolescent growth spurt, as marked by the menarche, was also found to be significantly early in the probands. It was suggested that this life-long nutritional and metabolic 'set' of the patient was related to family attitudes and to the developing personality of the subjects. Furthermore, it was suggested that such subjects were thereby predisposed to react to some post-pubertal emotional conflicts by mobilizing their nutritional status, either towards obesity or towards anorexia nervosa, in an attempt to resolve such conflict.


this digital age, with the ease of using digital imaging devices to create digital content or digital copies of analogue content, usage of digital watermarking has steadily increased due to the fact that it allows some form of protection and identification to the owner of the content against unauthorized copy or usage of the content. Visible watermarking is often the choice of content owners when the work they want to protect is in the form of digital images. This paper describes an approach for adaptive visible watermarking based on the analysis of the threshold value of the image using Otsu's threshold to select the best embedding strength of the watermark at a particular position. The approach also has the unique characteristic of allowing the watermark to be extracted from a watermarked image.


P (Xt = it|Xk = ik, 0 ≤ k ≤ t− 1) = P (Xt = it|Xt−1 = it−1) = p it−1it . If p it−1it is independent of t, we say that the Markov chain is time-homogeneous. In this case we use the transition matrix P ∈ [0, 1]|S|×|S| to store pij . All the Markov chains in the following discussion are assumed to be time-homogeneous. A Markov chain is uniquely determined by its initial distribution and transition matrix, based on which one can define a few fundamental concepts. States i, j ∈ S are said to be in the same communicating class if from either state there exists a path to the other. It is easy to check that the communicating class gives a relation. Most properties of the Markov chain to be discussed later are communicating class properties. For i, j ∈ S and m ∈ N, define the m-th return time to i started at j as


Title

Systems, Stability and Power. The Discourse of Information in Organizing Knowledge.

Abstract

The aim of this Master's thesis is to inquire into the consequences of an unequal distribution of power between information discourses in the field of knowledge organisation. A deconstruction of Jennifer Rowley's and John Farrows introductory textbook Organizing Knowledge from 2000 is related to the major discourses of information in LIS. Questions posed in this study are: What meaning is ascribed to information in the material studied? Which information discourses are given a dominant position? Which are excluded? and: How does this affect the construction of the library and information science student's identity, in relation to practices of knowledge organisation? The theoretical framework is provided by Ernesto Laclau's and Chantal Mouffe's theory of discourse and combined with techniques for text analysis originating from the work of Norman Fairclough.

The analysis reveals a strong domination of a cognitive discourse of information that underlines the importance of information systems for the organisation of knowledge. An examination of the ontological and epistemological assumptions of this discourse discloses an overarching desire to provide for a clarity in communication between the individual and the system. This implies that the library and information scientist has to be bestowed with an expert identity which is placed in sharp contrast to the identity of the user. The expert creates the system which mirrors the stable structure of reality, and helps the user to create an adequate mental model of this system, in order to ensure efficient information retrieval. The possibility of contingent structures therefore poses a threat to this order of power.

The consequences of the discourse and it's inherent distribution of power are discussed in terms of which system properties are considered important, and who has the power to create and influence the systems.


Venom produced by the animals consist indispensable multifarious concoction of peptides and proteins. The venom of catfish (Plotosidae) is unintentional for the pharmacological expediency in India and constrainedly considered in foreign countries. Fish themselves make available in the order of 1% (22204.8 tones) in the total marine landing in India, for the most part of them are catfish and to avert accidents after catching the catfish plotosidae, sting were broken and flung into the water by fishermen. The ease of use of catfish plotosidae is more in the parangipettai coast with the top figure of three species traced from Feb 2012 to April 2012. Studying the pharmacological effect of catfish venom makes worthwhile for developing imminent drug candidate for the diseases like cancer, neuromuscular, hematological and cardiovascular systems. In these studies the characteristic organisms of the chordate fauna of the Bay of Bengal and the ecological attributes are discussed.


Recent studies have implicated a possible role for NK cells in regulating dendritic cells (DC) in vitro. In the present study, we demonstrate that immature DC are rapidly eliminated by NK cells in vivo via a pathway dependent on the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Elimination of NK cells and/or neutralization of TRAIL function during immunization with immature DC loaded with nonself or tumor Ags significantly enhanced T cell responses to these Ags and Ag-specific tumor immunity. These data suggested that NK cell TRAIL might regulate responses to vaccination by controlling the survival of Ag-loaded DC. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 123–129.


Objective To evaluate the changes of right, left ventricular function and left atrial contraction function after transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) and during a short term follow up. Methods Twenty patients with secundum ASD underwent echocardiographic examination before and after transcatheter closure and during the short term follow up. There were 12 males and 8 females, aged from 8 to 52 years. The balloon stretched diameter of ASD was (22.79±6.22)mm. Amplatzer septal occluders were placed in 16 patients and Cardio SEAL occluders in 4 patients. Right and left ventricular volumes were calculated with the single plane area length method. Atrial filling fraction (AFF) was used as the parameter of the left atrial contraction function. Results After transcatheter closure, left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular end diastolic volume significantly increased while left ventricular end systolic volume was stable. Thus, left ventricular stroke volume, left ventricular ejection fraction and shortening fraction significantly increased, suggesting the presence of an improvement of left ventricular preload and left ventricular function; the eccentricity decreased significantly, suggesting the presence of an improvement of left ventricular geometry. During follow up, the improvements of left ventricular function and geometry were maintained. After transcatheter closure, right ventricular end diastolic diameter (RVEDD), right ventricular end diastolic volume (RVEDV), right ventricular end systolic volume (RVESV), right ventricular stroke volume (RVSV) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) decreased significantly. During the follow up, RVEDD, RVEDV, RVESV and RVSV decreased further, but RVEF was stable. The AFF was not changed significantly after the transcatheter closure and during the follow up. Conclusions Transcatheter closure of ASD not only decreases the preload of right ventricle, but also significantly improves left ventricular systolic function and geometry. At least during short term follow up, the improvement of left ventricle could be maintained while the right function is stable on normal level. Placement of occluder does not change the left atrial contraction function significantly.


There are many structural lateral systems used in tall buildings: rigid frames, braced frames, shear walls, tubular structures and core structures. The outrigger and belt truss systems are efficient structures for drift control and base moment reduction in tall buildings where the core alone is not rigid enough to resist lateral loads. Perimeter columns are mobilized for increasing the effective width of the structure, and they developed tension in the windward columns and compression in the leeward columns. Optimum locations for the outriggers have been studied because of the influence on the top displacement and base moment in the core. It was analyzed the optimal position for two to seven outriggers and belt trusses, aiming to achieve minimum bending moment and minimum drift.


Reciprocating compressors are commonly used in household refrigerators, and lubricants is supplied to the compression mechanism by the oil viscosity pump. While it is expected that this lubricants has a great influence on the compressor's performance and reliability, its flow characteristics is does not mean elucidated. In this study, we examined the flow characteristics of the oil viscosity pump that had a spiral groove on the shaft surface opposite to the bearing surface, using both theoretical and experimental study. The results revealed followings: (1) When oil flow in the oil groove is assumed to be a "uniform, two-dimensional flow which is a steady and sufficiently developed laminar flow," the theoretical flow rate in the oil viscosity pump and the pump head can be expressed with a linear function formula. It was also confirmed in experiments that both were in a linear function relationship. (2) Whether the theoretical flow rate formula can be applied does not depend on the oil groove angle, but on the oil groove length. It is possible to estimate the flow characteristics within an average relative error of 30% if the oil groove length is 60 mm or larger. (3) Whether the theoretical flow rate formula can be applied depends on the oil groove depth if the oil groove has a rectangular cross section. It is possible to estimate the flow characteristics within an average relative error of 30% if the aspect ratio of the oil groove is 0.5 or smaller.


Thomas Carlyle's writing has been deplored by some critics, Northrop Frye among them, as anachronistic; to the extent, however, that Carlyle considered time a "liar" and a "universal wonder-hider," he deliberately employed anachronism both structurally and thematically in his work to express his most characteristic insights. The material of Past and Present, for example, is put together so as not merely to emphasize the relevance of past events to present conditions but also to insist upon their identity and even, curiously enough, their simultaneity. The structures of his works thus resemble those of the Eddas, described by him as tales of "successive generations" which are nevertheless "flung out for us in one level of distance… like a picture painted on the same canvas." This phenomenological view of history, in which contiguity replaces continuity as the key relationship between the elements of experience, also informs Carlyle's politics and economics, giving to them their familiar intensity and antirational bias, without, however, rendering them entirely impractical. Insofar as Carlyle's anachronism represents the writer's stubborn resistance to change, it may properly be deplored. But insofar as it means rejection of the tyranny of mechanical chronology, it is a phenomenon in the author's work worthy of study.


with0.3m KCl/HCl (optimized), adjusted to pH 2.Both methods re-sulted in almost similar electrochemical and catalytic function(verified with glucose, ethanol, and formaldehyde); but ap-proach 2 yielded a material with a more stable cyclic voltam-metric (CV) response and hence this approach was uniformlyadopted throughout these stud-ies.Classical RuOx and PB wereprepared using RuCl


Two of the most influential contemporary approaches to international relations theory are neorealism and neoliberalism. The debate between these two approaches has dominated much of international relations theory for the last decade. It is now commonplace for an article about some aspect of international relations theory to begin by locating itself in terms of this debate. These two approaches and the debate between them have failed to contribute as much as they might have to international relations theory. These approaches suffer from serious internal weaknesses and limitations that the neorealistneoliberal debate often has tended to obscure rather than to clarify. Once we have exposed and clarified these weaknesses and limitations, we will be able to see several important directions for future theoretical work. Two books, Neorealism and Its Critics and Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate, make significant contributions to this debate. The former offered a wide-ranging critique of neorealism when it was published in 1986. The latter, which has just been published, is more narrowly focused. It takes up where some of the critiques in Neorealism and Its Critics left off. A review of these two complementary volumes affords an excellent opportunity to begin to identify some of the weaknesses and limitations that the neorealist-neoliberal debate frequently has obscured.


For a long time the notion that body activity did not play a meaningful role and even had negative effects on the health situation of the patient was viewed widely. The current state of scientific knowledge, though still scanty, points to the many potential positive effects of body activity on the recovery process. Since 1981, about 800 cancer-sports groups, mainly frequented by female participants, have been founded in Germany. Special groups for males are still rare and yet to be established. The main objective in the field of activity entitled "movement, sports and cancer" is to set up a general therapeutic activity and oncological framework containing standardized guidelines for therapists. Breast cancer patients can be considered as part of the initiators of the cancer groups because they overlooked the movement prohibition and naturally chose the active recovery path. They thus were able to improve not only their general physiological capacity but also a whole range of psychic factors caused by the disease and thereby significantly improved their well being and life quality. Nowadays, several studies show that regular moderate endurance training in the rehabilitation phase offers breast cancer patients a supportive effect on the healing process not only physically but also psychically (reduction of fear and depression). The role played by body activity with regard to endurance and strength training during the acute phase of chemotherapy is still under investigation.


The SOLERAS Program has designed and built four solar cooling systems, which have been installed on buildings in Phoenix, Arizona. The projects represent the latest state-of-the-art solar cooling systems of small commercial size. The systems use a variety of storage concepts. Because of time limitations, only one system is described in detail. Operational results of 1981 are discussed. The overall system performance was very close to engineering predictions.


The paper introduces a fine-scale parameterization scheme based on a landscape model using 30-m DEM data. The paper futher assesses the hydrological impacts of the fine-scale parameterization scheme compared to a coarse one based on outdated datasets (e.g., FAO soil data and SNAP vegetation cover) in a perfmafrost-dominated 100-km2 catchment. The results show that the streamflow estimates from the smallscale parameterization match the observations slightly better (but still rather poorly), which is kind of obvious. Of course using 9-km FAO data to parameterize a 100-km2 catchment is not going to work and I don't see why anyone would think otherwise. It is also a shame that the approach is tested in only one very small catchment, how much better does the approach work in considerably larger catchments?


A recurrent concern in the archaeological study of early Islam is the degree to which the physical record exhibits significant continuity with the centuries prior to 1/622. This chapter first summarises the earliest evidence for a distinctive Muslim identity in the archaeological record. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem marks a watershed in Islamic material culture, as among other things, it also provides evidence of a new sense of artistic ambition among the Muslim elite. Next, the chapter assesses changes in the countryside with particular emphasis on the elite country residences (qusur) of Greater Syria and the evolution of complex irrigation systems in different parts of the Islamic world. Then, it discusses the changes in the urban environment from the Late Antique period to the creation of new cities in Syria and Iraq during the early Abbasid caliphate. Finally, the chapter addresses changes in international trade from the Late Antique period to around 390/1000.


Testosterone (T), the major circulating androgen, must be converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the enzyme 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-R) for maximal activity in the prostate. Based on its higher affinity for the androgen receptor, its high intraprostatic concentration and the observation that men with congenital 5alpha-R deficiency have small prostates, DHT was considered to be the only active androgen in the prostate. In both rats and men, administration of 5alpha-R inhibitors such as finasteride results in prostate shrinkage but not to the same extent as castration. The most probable reason is the reciprocal rise in intraprostatic T that accompanies the decrease in DHT on 5alpha-R inhibition. The objective of the studies presented here was to investigate the relative potencies of T and DHT in prevention of rat ventral prostate regression and in regrowth.


Pedestrian detection is an important topic in object detection. Compared with other object detectors, YOLOv2 achieves high accuracy and fast speed for general object detection, however it degrades accuracy when detecting crowed pedestrians. In this paper, combining with the skip structure of FCN, we tailor the YOLOv2 network to improve the accuracy in detecting small pedestrians which appear in groups in underground coal mine. In this way, we propose two modified versions of YOLOv2 which are YWSSv1 and YWSSv2. Compared with YOLOv2, YWSSv1 slightly improves 0.1 mAP but keeps the same fast speed. YWSSv2 significantly gains 12 mAP higher than YOLOv2 but sacrifices its speed at just 5 FPS.


This paper presents an assessment of the usage of Arctic atmospheric observations in the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) system of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts, and of their impact on the quality of short‐ to medium‐range forecasts. The Arctic has low coverage of conventional data north of 70°N but one of the highest levels of coverage of satellite sounding data on Earth. The impact of Arctic observations on forecast skill was assessed by performing Observing System Experiments, in which different observation types were removed from the full observing system. This assessment was complemented by an analysis of Forecast Sensitivity to Observation Impact diagnostics. To our knowledge it is the first time that comprehensive numerical experimentation has been carried out to explore the role of different Arctic observations in a state‐of‐the‐art global operational NWP system. All Arctic observations were found to have a positive impact on forecast skill in the Arctic region, with the greatest tropospheric impacts on both short‐ and medium‐range forecasts due to microwave, conventional and infrared sounding observations. Results indicate the great importance of microwave sounding data and conventional data, which are found to be the key observing systems in the summer and winter seasons, respectively. These observations were found to have positive and statistically significant impacts on forecasts not only in the Arctic but also in the midlatitude regions at longer lead times. Differences between the seasons are most likely due to problems assimilating microwave sounding observations over snow and sea ice, leading to a reduced impact in winter. There is also the suggestion of increased importance of conventional data in winter, and other factors may also play a role.


There is an abundance of evidence indicating that, as a group, learning disabled (LD) children are more likely to be devalued by teachers, peers, and parents than non-learning disabled children (Bryan and Sonnefield, 1981; Gresham, 1982; Pearl and Cosden, 1982; Serafico and Harway, 1979; Wong and Wong, 1980). The relatively low social status of learning disabled children has been investigated by many researchers and deficits of behavior, social perceptiveness, academic and athletic ability, non-verbal communication, and language skill have all been implicated as possible sources of this rejection (Dudley-Marling, 1984). Researchers have been particularly interested in the pragmatic competence of LD children, that is, how well LD children adapt the use of their language to the demands of the language context or situation. Language use includes more than knowing appropriate vocabulary and the word ordering rules of language. It is also knowing "how, when, and with whom to talk and for what purpose" (Green & Harker, 1982). For example, speakers routinely consider such factors as the background knowledge, age, familiarity, and status of listeners in deciding what to say and how to say it. What language users choose to talk about, how they say it, and how listeners interpret what is said will be affected by the context in which language is used. Both speakers and listeners must adapt their language behavior to the physical and social context within which talk occurs if communication is \o be effective. Learning disabled children's use of language in context has been of particular interest to many researchers since pragmatics, the social use of language, would be expected to significantly affect LD students' social acceptability. Some researchers, especially Tanis Bryan and her colleagues, have concluded that pragmatic deficits are common among LD students (Donahue & Bryan, 1982) and there have been several attempts to improve LD students' pragmatic skills through direct intervention (Donahue & Bryan, 1982; LaGreca & Mesibov, 1981; Olsen, Wong, & Marx, 1983). Donahue and Bryan (1982) state: "The pervasive nature of these pragmatic difficulties suggests that conversational skills should be a high priority for language intervention with LD children" (p. 4). This conclusion may be premature, however. Although nearly 20 studies have investigated a number of different aspects of the pragmatic competence of LD children, here have been few attempts at replication and these have been generally unsuccessful. Additionally, many of the studies examining the pragmatic competence of LD children are plagued by methodological and conceptual problems. The purpose of this paper is to review the experimental literature which has examined the pragmatic competence of learning disabled students and to determine whether the conclusion that pragmatic deficits among LD students are pervasive is justified or whether this conclusion is premature. Nineteen studies were identified which examined the pragmatic competence of learning disabled students. For purposes of discussion, these studies have been placed into four categories: 1) studies examining LD students' spontaneous use of language in natural and contrived settings; 2) studies examining LD students' ability to adapt their language to listener characteristics; 3) studies investigating the effectiveness of LD students' communications; and 4) studies examining LD students' ability to fulfill listener responsibilities. Table 1 presents the characteristics of studies included in this review.


The performance of MIMO MRC systems is investigated. The exact closed-form expressions for the BER of Gray mapping M-PAM, M-QAM and M-PSK constellations are proposed. The validity of the performance analysis is demonstrated by computer simulations.


Mechanisms other than imprinting must underlie some of the sex differences observed in map distances estimated from linkage data, since recombination frequencies estimated from male and female meioses for DNA polymorphisms also show a sex difference. Imprinting will not be a mechanism underlying these sex differences, since the effect of imprinting on recombination frequencies is due to genotypic misclassification of unaffected individuals. However, extreme differences in male and female recombination rates for a disease trait and linked markers, compared with distances estimated for marker polymorphisms in the same chromosome region, may provide a clue that imprinting is present. With the extensive number of DNA polymorphisms now mapped across the human genome, it may be possible to estimate an average male:female recombination frequency for markers in a particular region and to compare a specific male: female ratio for a disease trait and linked marker localized to the same region. Development of methods to differentiate male:female recombination frequency differences due to imprinting from other sources requires further research. The magnitude of the effect of imprinting on sexspecific recombination frequencies will depend on the degree of imprinting and other parameters of the model (e.g., the degree of reduced penetrance included) in linkage analyses. Other clues (such as those discussed by Hall [1990]) may be used in combination with sex-specific recombination rates, to identify genes and/or chromosomal regions involved in imprinting.


This article discusses female underrepresentation in Ukrainian top-politics. It discovers problems concerning female perception either as beautiful objects or mothers. Events around March 2012 are analyzed as those that brought both challenges and hopes for women's issues. Gender party quotas are suggested as possible affirmative action tool to change situation.


Abstract A directly differentiated form of boundary integral equation with respect to geometric design variables is used to calculate shape design sensitivities. This allows the coupling of an optimizing technique and a boundary element elastic stress analyser to form an optimum shape design algorithm in two dimensions. Hermitian cubic spline functions used to represent boundary shapes offer considerable advantages in fitting a wide range of curves, and in the automatic remeshing process. They also reduce the need for optimization constraints to avoid impractical designs during the optimization procedure. The boundary element method offers advantages over the finite element method, and is applicable to a wide range of shape optimization problems.


We have frequently noticed that anodized pure aluminum sheets have skin patterns, such as honeycomb, pine-needles and fleecy patterns. Our investigations of such surface blemishes gave the following results. (1) We have confirmed that these skin patterns can be perceived on a surface of a sheet which was directly rolled from virgin ingot, namely the origin of the patterns should be recongnized already in the virgin ingot. (2) Chemical analysis of aluminum sheets having skin patterns on their surfaces shows that honey comb pattern can be seen mainly on the sheets of 99.5% or higher purity and pine-needle and fleecy patterns mainly on the sheets of less than 99.% purity. (3) These patterns can be visible in case either iron or silicon of smoll amount is added to high purity aluminum (99.9%), particularly iron is more positave than silicon in producing distinctive skin patterns. (4) Through microscopic observation it was found that these blemishes were actually the patterns of a group of fine metallic compounds of Al-Fe-Si, in other words they are the collective figure due to discontinuous distribution of metallic compounds.


This is an expository review paper illustrating the "martin- gale method" for proving many-server heavy-traffic stochastic-process lim- its for queueing models, supporting diffusion-process approximations. Care- ful treatment is given to an elementary model - the classical infinite-server model M/M/1, but models with finitely many servers and customer aban- donment are also treated. The Markovian stochastic process representing the number of customers in the system is constructed in terms of rate- 1 Poisson processes in two ways: (i) through random time changes and (ii) through random thinnings. Associated martingale representations are obtained for these constructions by applying, respectively: (i) optional stop- ping theorems where the random time changes are the stopping times and (ii) the integration theorem associated with random thinning of a counting process. Convergence to the diffusion process limit for the appropriate se- quence of scaled queueing processes is obtained by applying the continuous mapping theorem. A key FCLT and a key FWLLN in this framework are established both with and without applying martingales.


A general expression for coherent transients, free induction decay and echoes, of an atomic or spin two-level system excited by resonant laser or rf field in the form of two square pulses is given by using the Fourier-transform method. This expression interprets the main characteristics of the transient signals well. An analytic expression for the shapes of two-pulse echoes is derived by assuming infinite inhomogeneity and the same Rabi frequencies for the two pulses. Two-pulse echo shapes were numerically calculated for various combinations of pulse areas by using the analytic expression. Nuclear-magnetic-resonance experiment was carried out on an inhomogeneously broadened proton spin system. Experimental two-pulse echo shapes are compared with the calculated ones. Agreement between theory and experiment is quite excellent.


THE ROCKY heathlands of western Nova Scotia, popularly called "barrens", occupy some 31,000 ha in Digby, Yarmouth and Shelburne counties (Fig. 1). At the request of the Provincial government, an ecological examination was carried out between 1966 and 1968, to determine whether afforestation would be practical. The soil and vegetation of the heathlands were examined in detail and compared with adjacent soils and woodlands. Some planting trials were instituted and an attempt made to elucidate the history and origins of the barrens (Strang, unpubl. rep.). The heathland soil was a bouldery, ortstein podzol derived from coarse granitic tills. The organic layers, in which charcoal was fre, quently seen, were from 2 cm thick on the tops of knolls to 10 cm on side slopes and even more in depressions. The Ah horizon was usually thin and indistinct but the well-developed Ae was commonly between 10 and 15 cm thick. Below the Ae lay a thin, friable Bh horizon over a cemented, massively platey Bfc 5 to 10 cm thick. An


Value-added utilization of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to produce useful derivatives is of great interest. In this work, extremely radiation resistant Deinococcus wulumuqiensis R12 was explored for the first time as a new robust biocatalyst for selective oxidation of HMF to 5-hydroxymethylfuroic acid (HMFCA). Its resting cells exhibited excellent catalytic performance in a broad range of pH and temperature values, and extremely high tolerance to HMF and the HMFCA product. An excellent yield of HMFCA (up to 90%) was achieved when the substrate concentration was set to 300 mM under the optimized reaction conditions. In addition, 511 mM of product was obtained within 20 h by employing a fed-batch strategy, affording a productivity of 44 g/L per day. Of significant synthetic interest was the finding that the D. wulumuqiensis R12 cells were able to catalyze the selective oxidation of other structurally diverse aldehydes to their corresponding acids with good yield and high selectivity, indicating broad substrate scope and potential widespread applications in biotechnology and organic chemistry.


The purpose of this paper is to provide two examples which prove that Cubiotti's theorem and Yao's one on the generalized quasi-variational inequality problem are independent of each other. In addition, we give another example which tells us that certain conditions are essential in Cubiotti's theorem and Yao's one.


The nature of tide‐topography interaction reflects the topographic scales experienced by water parcels during their tidal excursions. In the deep ocean these scales are typically subkilometer, yet direct observations of tidal processes on such scales are lacking. At one site, a saddle amid steep and complex Mid‐Atlantic Ridge topography, observations reveal tidally pulsed, bottom‐trapped fronts, overflows, and lee waves in response to a tide combined with a mean flow of similar amplitude. The tidal pulsing of the fronts and overflows was only evident locally, and their phase became unpredictable over scales of hundreds of meters. Enhanced turbulence in a 100–200 m thick bottom boundary layer had an estimated dissipation rate of 2.6 × 10−2 W m−2, exceeding the large‐scale average of tidal dissipation in mid‐ocean ridge environments but by less than an order of magnitude. This site was not a dissipation "hotspot," and the processes observed could provide widely distributed mixing to the meridional overturning circulation.


Glomus cells in the carotid body are responsible for detecting changes in blood PO2. These glomus cells have recently been found to express leptin receptors and are activated by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and systemic leptin injections, although the function of leptin within the carotid body remains unknown. The present study was done to investigate whether IH activates leptin signalling pathways within leptin‐expressing carotid body glomus cells. Rats were subjected to IH (120s normoxia, 80s hypoxia for 8 h) or normoxia (8h). Exposure to IH increased plasma leptin levels almost 6‐fold compared to normoxic controls. Additionally, IH was found to increase leptin, ERK1/2 and Fra‐1/2 immunoreactivity within glomus cells. Systemic leptin injections evoked similar effects on leptin, ERK1/2 and Fra‐1/2 immunoreactivity within the glomus cells. Furthermore, using Western blot analysis, IH was found to increase protein expression of leptin, the short form of the leptin receptor (Ob‐R100 kDa), pSTAT3 and SOCS3. On the other hand, IH induced a decrease in Ob‐Rb protein expression. Taken together, these data suggest that the increased levels of leptin within the circulation and those within the glomus cells induced by IH may function within the carotid body to alter the sensitivity of chemoreceptors to hypoxic stimuli.


Exploring the concepts of fast and slow opens up a huge range of possibilities for learning and fun. Nicole Weinstein suggests some approaches and resources to get children thinking.


When you're the most populous state in the union, any extraordinary policies you sketch out could likely become a national catalyst for change. California has begun working on its state initiative for comprehensive healthcare reform, not simply for lack of a national proposal, but also because the health of its 36.1 million residents is at stake.


Using results from structural analysis of a sample of nearly 1000 local galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we estimate how the mass in central black holes is distributed amongst elliptical galaxies, classical bulges and pseudo-bulges, and investigate the relation between their stellar masses and central stellar velocity dispersion σ. Assuming a single relation between elliptical galaxy/bulge mass, M Bulge , and central black hole mass, M BH , we find that 55 +8 -4 per cent of the mass in black holes in the local universe is in the centres of elliptical galaxies, 41 +4 - 2 per cent in classical bulges and 4 +0-9 -0.4 per cent in pseudo-bulges. We find that ellipticals, classical bulges and pseudo-bulges follow different relations between their stellar masses and σ, and the most significant offset occurs for pseudo-bulges in barred galaxies. This structural dissimilarity leads to discrepant black hole masses if single M BH -M Bulge and M BH -σ relations are used. Adopting relations from the literature, we find that the M BH -σ relation yields an estimate of the total mass density in black holes that is roughly 55 per cent larger than if the M BH -M Bulge relation is used.


ADELMAN, M. A. Comment on "Major Issues in the Regulation of Financial Institutions" . 501 ALIBER, ROBERT Z. A Note on Official Support of the Forward Exchange Rate: Comment . 417 ARROW, KENNETH J. Samuelson Collected . . 730 ASIMAKOPULOS, A. The Pure Consumption Loan Model Once More . . . . . . . . . 763 BALL, DAVID STAFFORD. United States Effective Tariffs and Labor's Share .. ... . ..183 BAUMOL, WILLIAM J. Calculation of Optimal Product and Retailer Characteristics: The Abstract Product Approach ... . . . . 674 BEAR, D. V. T., and ORR, DANIEL. Logic and Expediency in Economic Theorizing . . . 188 BEN-PORATH, YORAM. The Production of Human Capital and the Life Cycle of Earnings 352 BERGSON, ABRAM. Market Socialism Revisited 655 BHAGWATI, JAGIISH. Non-economic Objectives and the Efficiency Properties of Trade . . . 738


In March 1962, using data obtained from official sources over seas, I published (Seale, 1962) the estimate that 600 graduates of the medical schools of Great Britain and Ireland had emi grated annually during the five years 1956-60. There was some criticism of the accuracy of this estimate at the time which, according to the British Medical Journal (1964), amounted to " a remarkable explosion of wrath."


In this paper, a computational study using the moving element method is carried out to investigate the dynamic response of a high-speed rail (HSR) experiencing sudden braking. The train is modeled as a 10-DOF system of interconnected spring-damping units. The Hertz contact theory is employed to account for the nonlinear contact force between the wheel and rail. The railway track is treated as an Euler–Bernoulli beam resting on a two-parameter elastic damped foundation. The effects of wheel sliding, initial train deceleration, initial train speed and the severity of railhead roughness on the dynamic response of the HSR are investigated.


I. Cholesterol esterification in human serum was measured in healthy male and female subjects using a modified version (2) of the Stokke & Norum assay technique (1). Strong positive correlation was observed between the rate of cholesterol esterification and serum free cholesterol esterification (rp = 93, p < 0.001 for males: rp = 81, p < 0.001 for females), suggesting that the fractional rate of esterification is a more useful parameter for comparative studies than the rate of esterification.II. Purification and characterization of LCAT. Highly purified LCAT preparations were obtained by using the combined techniques of density gradient centrifugation, DEAE cellulose chromatography, and affinity chromatography. A stable 4000-fold purified preparation was obtained as the result of this procedure, yielding 2 bands on acrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence or absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Molecular weight determinations on calibrated gel columns give a value of 95, 000 in the absence and a...


A new simple, sensitive and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for estimation of paracetamol and valdecoxib simultaneously from a combined dosage form. In this method pre coated silica gel 60 GF 254 TLC plate was used as stationary phase and the chromatogram was developed using chloroform: isopropyl alcohol: glacial acetic acid (9.5:1:0.2 v/v/v) as mobile phase. Paracetamol and valdecoxib showed Rf values 0.14±0.01 and 0.51±0.03, respectively. The plate was scanned and quantified at 250 nm using Camag TLC Scanner. The linear concentration was 2.5 to 12.5 µg/spot for paracetamol and 0.1 to 0.5 µg/spot for valdecoxib. The %RSD of intra day variation was 0.18±0.01 for paracetamol and 0.24±0.01 for valdecoxib. For inter day variation the %RSD was 0.03±0.005 and 0.1±0.02 for paracetamol and valdecoxib, respectively.


This paper gives a formula to estimate the upper bound of the Hausdorff measure of the Sierpinski gasket. By this formula, one can get the upper bound of the Hausdorff measure of the Sierpinski gasket as well as possible, in case he finds a set well enough.


In the emergency department, venous blood samples frequently are drawn using indwelling IV catheters instead of separate venipuncture, because the


William B. Hunter's essay, "The Provenance of the Christian Doctrine," was delivered 8 August 1991 to a session at the Fourth International Milton Symposium at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Dr. Gordon Campbell of the University of Leicester chaired the panel. Dr. Barbara Lewalski of Harvard University and Dr. John Shawcross of the University of Kentucky responded. Both respondents received advanced copies of the Hunter essay. The panel participants all agreed that the responses as well as a short reply from Dr. Hunter should appear in print with the original essay, already accepted for this issue of Studies in English Literature. Because of severe restrictions of time as the issue goes to press, no substantive changes have been made in any of the papers or in the initiating article.


That nutritional deficiency is associated with cardiac dysfunction has been recognized for almost sixty years. Kakke , which means "disease of the legs," was the subject of a paper by the Japanese author Takaki in 1886. 1 To others this disorder was known as beriberi. The Hollander Eijkman 2 and the Englishmen Fraser and Stanton 3 offered proof of the relation of beriberi to the consumption of a diet of polished rice. The elucidation of the cause of oriental beriberi is correlated with the development of knowledge concerning the vitamins. HISTORY AND CLINICAL DESCRIPTIONS OF BERIBERI As is well known, beriberi was prevalent in the Philippines. Chamberlain 4 reported that among 5,000 Philippine Scouts there were always 100 to 600 incapacitated from beriberi. Their diet consisted essentially of 12 ounces (340 Gm.) of beef, 8 ounces (230 Gm.) of white flour, 8 ounces of potatoes or onions and 20 ounces (560


In this note, we answer the following question of Foucaud, Krivelevich and Perarnau. What is the size of the largest $K_{r,s}$-free subgraph one can guarantee in every graph $G$ with $m$ edges? We also discuss the analogous problem for hypergraphs.


Progesterone is both a reproductive hormone and a neurosteroid that modulates neuronal excitability. Verapamil is a p-glycoprotein (p-gp), drug efflux transporter in blood-brain barrier and calcium channel inhibitor. Progesterone is a p-gp pump substrate that has been shown to be anticonvulsant in several animal seizure models. The purpose of present study was to investigate the anticonvulsant actions of progesterone in the strychnine- induced convulsion. Another purpose of the present study was to assess interaction of verapamil with progesterone in this model. Progesterone in presence and absence verapamil injected to ovariectomized mice, then strychnine injected and onset, number, duration of convulsions and time of death were measured after strychnine administration. Result showed that progesterone has anticonvulsant effect in strychnine- induced convulsion dose dependently and verapamil that had no effect on convulsion itself, had proconvulsant activity in progesterone received group. Perhaps decreased anticonvulsant effect of progesterone by verapamil is due, at least as a result of inhibited calcium channel. Thus calcium may be important in induction anticonvulsant effect of progesterone, a point that need to further investigation.


A noncrystalline composite alkali metal titanate composition which comprises at least 60 wt.% alkali metal titanate represented by the general formula MO nTiO(wherein M is one or more alkali metal elements and n is a number of 1 to 4) and at least 10 wt.% SiOand satisfies MO/SiO<=2.5. It is chemically stable, has excellent resistance to moisture absorption, and is suitable for use as a base for friction materials. If desired, the composition can further contain an oxide of at least one member selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, P, Ca, and Zn and/or an oxide of at least one member selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, and Ba.


This paper concerns a problem of robust stabilization of uncertain state-delayed systems. A new delay-dependent stabilization condition using a memoryless controller is formulated in terms of matrix inequalities. An algorithm involving convex optimization is proposed to design a controller guaranteeing a suboptimal maximal delay such that the system can be stabilized for all admissible uncertainties.


The evaluation of scientific article has always been a very challenging task because of the dynamicchange of citation networks. Over the past decades, plenty of studies have been conducted on thistopic. However, most of the current methods do not consider the link weightings between differentnetworks, which might lead to biased article ranking results. To tackle this issue, we develop aweighted P-Rank algorithm based on a heterogeneous scholarly network for article ranking evaluation.In this study, the corresponding link weightings in heterogeneous scholarly network can be updatedby calculating citation relevance, authors' contribution, and journals' impact. To further boost theperformance, we also employ the time information of each article as a personalized PageRank vectorto balance the bias to earlier publications in the dynamic citation network. The experiments areconducted on three public datasets (arXiv, Cora, and MAG). The experimental results demonstratedthat weighted P-Rank algorithm significantly outperforms other ranking algorithms on arXiv andMAG datasets, while it achieves competitive performance on Cora dataset. Under different networkconfiguration conditions, it can be found that the best ranking result can be obtained by jointlyutilizing all kinds of weighted information.


The structure of a natural bone has well oriented hydroxyapatite crystals and fibrous collagens. Although very different materials have been used for bone replacement and substitutes, mechanical and biological performances of these substances still are not very close to those of natural bones. Scientific researches about this subject have been going on with increasing interests [1]. The aim of this study is to prepare novel biocompatible bone nanocomposites to use in veterinary orthopedic surgery and bone tissue engineering as bone filling materials. Sprague Dawley / Wistar Rats and New Zealand White Rabbits' femur, tibia and calvairum bone samples were used after sterilization and autoclave application and turned into micropowder forms by using a grinder. Molecular structure of hydroxyapatite has been confirmed and controlled and then the crystallite sizes, crystallite morphologies and distributions in the micropowder contents were investigated by FTIR and SWAXS methods. Moreover, titanium and zirconium oxide nanopowders that can modify cell response and dental restorative Eco-Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent AG) were systematically mixed with micropowders and stirred for 20 minutes and then the prepared forms have been poured into a special matrix having four cells. Hardening of the samples was also completed by using visible light. FTIR and SWAXS measurements have been also carried out to characterize the shapes, sizes, distributions and molecular contents of the nanostructured aggregations. Mechanical testing of the samples was also carried out to compare mechanical properties of the composites including different bones and metallic nanopowders.


Simple Summary The use of genetic selection in livestock has allowed farmers to enhance the sustainability of their operations by producing animals that require fewer inputs relative to animal outputs. In swine, geneticists have selected for sows that farrow larger litters, which has reduced the feed required per piglet produced. Yet challenges remain with piglet survival from birth to weaning. Utilizing genetic selection to increase the sow teat number may be a strategy to enhance piglet nutrient access and therefore piglet survival. More publicly available data are needed to confirm associations between sow teat traits and piglet weaning traits. Hence, the current study explores the genetic relationships among sow teat traits at farrowing with the number of piglets at weaning and identifies strategies to enhance piglet survival and sustainable pig production. The results suggest geneticists should incorporate the number of functional teats a sow has at farrowing into genetic selection programs to improve piglet survival and animal well-being. Abstract The objective was to evaluate the genetics of sow teat and mammary traits at farrowing and at weaning. Data were recorded on 3099 Landrace × Large White F1 sows. Underline traits included the total teat number (TT), the functional teat number (FT), the non-functional teat number (NFT), the damaged teat number (DT), and the number of functional mammary glands (FMG). Variance components were estimated using AIREMLF90. Means for TT, FT, and NFT at farrowing were 14.93, 13.90, and 1.03, respectively. Heritability estimates for TT, FT, and NFT ranged from 0.18 to 0.37, 0.16 to 0.28, and 0.14 to 0.18, respectively. Estimates of heritability for DT and FMG at weaning were 0.03 and 0.06, respectively. Estimated genetic correlations between FT with TT and NFT were 0.68 to 0.78 and −0.19 to −0.57, respectively. Genetic correlation estimates between TT, FT, and NFT with the number weaned were 0.25, 0.50, and −0.38, respectively. An increase of one TT and FT enhanced (p < 0.05) the number weaned by 0.14 to 0.16 and 0.18 to 0.27 piglets, respectively. The results suggest that genetically increasing the number of functional teats on a sow at farrowing would improve the number of piglets at weaning.


The main topic of this contribution is the design, numeric simulation and optimization of a matrix 4 of applicators for local thermotherapy. Applicators are based on water filled waveguides with strip line horn aperture. The working frequency is 434 MHz. The work is aimed at optimization of 3D SAR homogeneity, effective penetration depth of SAR and reflection coefficient. Applicators may have different polarizations and we investigated the effects of the combination of polarizations of the applicators on the resulting 3D SAR distribution. We rotated individual applicators step by step by 90 degrees (by this activity we changed the individual polarization of applicators).


Angiolipomas are benign neoplasms of adipose tissue with a rich vascular component and are classifi ed as infi ltrating and noninfi ltrating. Non-infi ltrating angiolipomas are seen in young individuals, presents as painful, soft, subcutaneous nodules and are treated by simple enucleation. Infi ltrating angiolipoma is a rare neoplasm with only 23 previously reported cases. The lesions are usually non capsulated or rarely encapsulate partially and tends to infi ltrate bony, neural, mascular and fi brocartilagenous tissues. Treatment of infi ltrating angiolipoma aims at wide local excision with radiotherapy indicated for cases of recurrence. A case study of infi ltrating angiolipoma of a 10-year-old girl presented with symptomatic painful swelling over right lower onethird of the thigh on posterior aspect involving popliteal fossa, extending up to middle 1/3 rd of leg causing discomfort while walking. Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology confi rm the diagnosis of infi ltrating angiolipoma and treated with wild local excision.


Objective To evaluate microleakage of three different adhesives and cement materials (Glass ionomer cement, GIC; Resin luting cement; Adhesive resin system; Zinc phosphate cement) and use two different inlay materials (Resin inlay and Noble metal inlay). Methods Sixty caries-free human premolar teeth, divided into six groups of 10 teeth each, adopted resin inlay and noble metal inlay using resin adhesive system, glass ionomer cement and zinc phosphate cement. The teeth were thermocycled between 4~60 ℃ for 4 000 cycles with a dwell time of 30 seconds. The teeth were immersed in solution of 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours. The teeth were longitudinally sectioned and observed for microleakage under a stereomicroscope, and the marginal width was measured by microscope.Results After thermocycling, all of three different adhesives and cement materials can't prevent microleakage. The coloration of each group has obtained the bottom of the cavity and involved dentinal tubule. All of the groups showed more leakage at the gingival margin than at the occlusal surface margin. The groups using resin adhesive system performed less dyeing than the glass ionomer cement and zinc phosphate cementdid. Conclusion After thermocycling, all of three different adhesives and cement materials can't prevent microleakage. Enamel showed less microleakage than dentin and cementum. When marginal fissure width was within the clinically ideal acceptable range, there was no significant effect on microleakge.


Small-scale makings of 28 samples of Wisa barley and 27 samples of Union barley, side by side with comparable Proctors, suggest that these new varieties, if available in Great Britain in good condition and at suitable nitrogen contents, would be capable of yielding useful malts.


SUBTITLE: HAVING STARTED ONLY THREE YEARS AGO, BRAZIL'S FITST LOW-COST CARRIER HAS BECOME ONE OF THE MOST PROFITABLE AIRLINES IN THE WORLD. ALEXANDRA CAIN UNCOVERS GOL'S SECRET.


A new simple, rapid, sensitive, selective, and accurate method for the spectrophotometric determination of Chloramphenicol ( CAP )in different pharmaceutical preparations. Chloramphenicol as active antibiotic is widely used in the treatment the diseases. The spectrophotometric method is based on the condensation reaction between CAP and 1,2 naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic(1,2 NQS) as reagent to formed an orange-red product after reducing nitro group in drug into amino group by used a concentrated HCl and zinc dust . Orange-red product was showed a maximum absorption at 489nm. Beers law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1-9μg.mL-1 with a molar absorptivity (1.86 * 10 4 )L.mol-1.cm-1,and sandell's sensitivity (1.73* 10 -2 ) μg.cm-2, respectively. The analytical parameters were optimized as the following: It was found the t ime for completed r eact ion was (10 min) at temperature (70 0 C)in bicarbonate solution, and the best volumeof0.01 mol. L -1 of 1,2 NQS solutionis1mL.Limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ)are0.068 ppm, and 0.207 ppm, respectively, the recoveries range 98.52%-100.66%.The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the (CAP)in its pharmaceutical preparations(Eye drops ,Ointments and Capsules).


This chapter analyses the development and possibilities of contemporary painting through the lens of the discipline, approaches to interdisciplinarity and what this means to painting and also opens up the question of indisciplinarity and its potential impact methodologically on the process of painting.
The chapter discusses these approaches at a philosophical level, but also engages with their impact upon and through current teaching practices within painting.


Mental and physical phenomena have been investigated in the Theravada Buddhist philosophy. In this context the structure of the thinking process plays a very important role. According to the Buddhist classification of thinking structure, every being thinks in accordance with a special mechanism. This is known as the Thought Process. In a thought process, there is a sequence of steps called thought moments or consciousness. Each step has some sort of function in the process. Among these steps the most important and interesting is the determining state or determining consciousness. The aim of this model is to represent the determining state or determining consciousness with the use of mathematical concepts. In this discussion, I am going to analyse the thought processes in two stages. The first stage is modelling the thought processes according to the Buddhist philosophy, and the second stage is analysis of the model by means of mathematical concepts relevant to thought processes.


Abstract. Irawati W, Pinontoan R, Mouretta B, Yuwono T. 2021. The potential of copper-resistant bacteria Acinetobacter sp. strain CN5 in decolorizing dyes. Biodiversitas 23: 680-686. Bacteria with multi-resistance to copper and dyes may be employed in bioremediation of copper and dye waste more effectively than physical or chemical remediation. This study aims at determining the effect of the addition of various textile dyes and copper on the growth of Acinetobacter sp. CN5 and its ability to decolorize dyes. The dye resistance test was carried out by inoculating bacterial isolates into Luria Bertani media containing 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, and 500 ppm dyes. The twelve dyes used in the test were methylene blue, malachite green, congo red, mordant orange, reactive black, direct yellow, basic fuchsine, reactive orange, dispersion orange, remazol red, wantex yellow, and wantex red. The decolorization activity was analyzed by spectrophotometry at a 300-900 nm wavelength. The study results demonstrated that bacteria thrived in media containing 50 ppm of all dyes, except malachite green dye. Acinetobacter sp. CN5 was found to be resistant to up to 500 ppm methylene blue, basic fuchsine, and wantex red and resistant to congo red at 450 ppm. Acinetobacter sp. CN5 was also able to decolorize methylene blue, congo red, basic fuchsine, and red wantex by 57.64%, 53.17%, 91.37%, and 67.50%, respectively. The addition of 5 mM CuSO4 to the medium increased the ability of Acinetobacter sp. CN5 to decolorize the congo red from 57.64% to 82.58%.


Abstraction machine is a theoritical model of computer hardware or software system used in automatically. Then, abstract machine are used by heterogeneous for machine for memory process, ip address etc. The user proposed by encryption and decryption of same memory location. The decryption built on same memory on one set instruction computer based on multiplication process for encryption in programming languages. The encryption approach in function G generates new probabilistic cipher texts on every invocation; no plaintext information about the inputs of function G is leaked to its encrypted data. The memory process id designed by sectors of segments. In each sectors contain number of segment using availability of encrypted data with reduce waiting time machine. Then abstract machine send encrypted data to send sources node. The sources node select destination and send encrypted data. The encrypted key generated based on creation node process. Finally, the destination get original key and decrypt encrypted file and get original files.ion machine is a theoritical model of computer hardware or software system used in automatically. Then, abstract machine are used by heterogeneous for machine for memory process, ip address etc. The user proposed by encryption and decryption of same memory location. The decryption built on same memory on one set instruction computer based on multiplication process for encryption in programming languages. The encryption approach in function G generates new probabilistic cipher texts on every invocation; no plaintext information about the inputs of function G is leaked to its encrypted data. The memory process id designed by sectors of segments. In each sectors contain number of segment using availability of encrypted data with reduce waiting time machine. Then abstract machine send encrypted data to send sources node. The sources node select destination and send encrypted data. The encrypted key generated based on creation node process. Finally, the destination get original key and decrypt encrypted file and get original files. INDEXTERM— Abstract machine-Heterogeneous, Encryption, Decryption, Pailler formation, Partial Homomorphism encryption, Multiplication


ABSTRACT 31 Identification of hazardous road locations (network screening) is the first step of road network safety 32 management process. According to state-of-the-art knowledge it should be conducted using empirical 33 Bayes technique which relies on a crash prediction model (safety performance function). However 34 there is a dilemma in choice of a model: researchers strive for multivariate models, which demand 35 area-wide databases of several variables; on the other hand practitioners require simple models, based 36 only on fundamental variables, which are more easily available and able to be periodically updated. 37 The research question was: "What is the difference between network screening results based on 38 multivariate and simple crash prediction models?" For the purpose of investigation multivariate and 39 simple crash prediction models were developed for regional road network of South Moravia (Czech 40 Republic) and used in network screening. The results based on both models were compared and 41 discussed – the conclusion is that results from network screening with simple model are generally 42 comparable to the multivariate model.


In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis,a diagnosis method of the multi sensor information fusion is applied.After the vibration signal collected with multi sensors are processed,the particle swarm optimization-neural networks are used to carry on local fault diagnosis and acquire separate evidence,and then the evidence is employed to fuse them.The experimental results show that the method is able to improve the reliability of diagnosis and decrease the uncertainty of diagnosis.


A method and apparatus for sharing information regarding a purchase result between a plurality of clients and receiving at least one of an application and content from a server based on the shared information regarding the purchase result. The method includes receiving information regarding a purchase result of the at least one of the application and the content from a second client; transmitting the information regarding the purchase result and device information of the first client to a server providing the at least one of the application and the content; and receiving the at least one of the application and the content from the server in response to the transmission.


In the hype of A.I., we are observing a world where States are increasingly adopting algorithmic decision-making systems as a magic wand that promises to "solve" social, economic, environmental, and political problems. As if machines were able to erase societal biases and structural inequalities, instead of just automating them, we are gradually observing States using narratives around tech innovation for spending public resources in questionable ways, sharing sensitive citizen data with private companies and, ultimately, dismissing any attempt of a collective, democratic and transparent response to core societal challenges.


Military campus culture refers to a kind of human atmosphere,spiritual wealth,educational condition characterized by military camp.It has been created in the process of military training and learning.It has some functions as follows:guiding an orientation for the cadets,enhancing the cadets' capabilities,cultivating the cadets' morals,enhancing the cadets'consciousness of cooperation and having an influence on the society.Its functions have been developed by evoking the cadets' affective commitment,advancing their knowledge,emphasizing practice,and setting examples.The advanced military campus culture can bring a powerful spiritual dynamic and intellectual support to build military academies on a high plane.It also plays an important role in cultivating high-qualified military talents.


As treated here,Xylorhiza is a genus of eight species and two varieties of shrubs and suffruticose perennials. The relationships of the genus with others in the tribe Astereae is in need of more intensive study. However,Xylorhiza is easily distinguished fromMachaeranthera, to which there is purportedly a close relationship, and merits generic status.


Taking a 9 DoF full-vehicle model as an example,the vehicle vibration structure was discretized with the idea of finite element method(FEM).The element stiffness matrix and damping matrix were given by the transform of element displacement.The coefficient matrix of the mathematical model of the vehicle vibration was assembled according to the position of the element displacement in the vector of structure displacements.A mathematical model of vehicle vibration was built as the forced displacement disposed of as the restraint.The vibration response variables were deduced with the idea of FEM,and their simulations were realized by the virtual excitation theory.The results show that the combination of the modelling and the simulation provides a practical approach to the random vibration analysis of complex vehicles.