A major challenge in IC design applications is simplifying structure of a sinusoidal generator without serious performance degradation. This paper presents a triangular-to- sine/cosine converter (TSCC) implemented from simple CMOS circuits that can generate sine/cosine waveforms simultaneously from a triangular input. Its principle of operation is based on generating two functions that approximate sine/cosine in a 45 degree span and sequentially combining them to form a full wave with one-fourth the frequency of the triangular input. The circuits of TSCC are modeled using 0.18 micron CMOS technology for HSPICE simulation. As a result, the output signals with a total harmonic content of 0.220 percent at 1 kHz are achieved.


The photolysis of CH3COOCD3 has been investigated over the temperature range 145 to 350°C at varying initial pressures and light intensities.The following reactions have been studied in detail: CD3O+CH3→CH3D+CD2O, CD3O+CH3→CH3OCD3, CD3O+CH3COOCD3→CD3OH+CH2COOCD3, CH3+CH3COOCD3→CH4+CH2COOCD3. A value of about 1.4 is obtained for k7/k6. The results indicate that the activation energy of reaction (7) is zero kcal. A value of 10±0.5 kcal is obtained for E12, while the data indicate a value of approximately 5 kcal for E16.


Particulate zinc oxide (ZnO) is a known antibacterial agent. Studies have shown that reducing the size of ZnO particles to nanoscale dimensions further enhances their antibacterial properties. ZnO is also piezoelectric. Upon mechanical deformation of ZnO, a transient electrical charge across the material is produced. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of ultrasonically stimulated ZnO nanoparticles. Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria were seeded at a known cell density into 96-well plates and observed for 48 h with a 10 min ultrasonication period at 24 h. Optical density reading data was collected every 12 h, with an additional reading taken immediately after the ultrasonication period. Bacteria activity was significantly reduced in experimental groups exposed to nanoparticles and ultrasonication compared to groups exposed to nanoparticles or ultrasonication alone. Developing methods and understanding mechanisms for reducing bacteria activity may help reduce potential infection complications following biomaterial implantation.


Dear readers, at the close of 2011 I would like to spare a moment of thought over tax issues which have come up during the year. The Czech Ministry of Finance has continued with the preparation of a single collection point, an intention which has been the subject of several years of acclaim and preparation. The aim of a single collection point is to unify the collection of taxes, social and health insurance to a single form, to a single authority. These intentions can adequately be termed using the word "tax reform". They are certainly attractive from the taxpayer's point of view (administration would decrease), but less so for numerous state officials. The result of these preparations was the presentation of the proposal of the Act to the House of Parliament, where it was shown to be incomplete, ill-conceived and impracticable. Thus the tax reform has been postponed to 2014 for the purposes of better preparation. Across the border, the situation (as far as tax reforms are concerned) is not much better. In October 2011, Milan Chovan (the President of the Slovak Chamber of Tax Advisors) informed his Czech colleagues at the annual general meeting that Slovakia is preparing a major tax reform, the intention of which is (among others) the implementation of super gross salary in the Slovak Republic. Apparently, the Czech model had gained such favor among them that they were inspired by it and would like to implement it in the Slovak Republic. Roughly a month later, the Slovak government fell and all intentions connected with tax reforms were indefinitely shelved. Let me one more remark in connection with super gross salary. Its abolition is among the intentions of the Ministry of Finance, as presented in the Czech tax reform. In the area of taxation of physical entities - employers, however, we would not return to the state of affairs before its implementation (when insurance paid by the employer was deducted when calculating the tax base) but rather the tax base under the new concept would be comprised of gross salary minus non-taxable items. Thus we have yet another new model of taxation. The only people pleased by this novelty will be software companies (who will be the ones changing software for the calculation of salaries) and education agencies. The Commission has presented a proposal for a financial transaction tax in the 27 Member States of the European Union. The tax would be levied on all transactions on financial instruments between financial institutions when at least one party of the transaction is located in the EU. The exchange of shares and bonds would be taxed at a rate of 0.1% and derivative contracts at a rate of 0.01%. The Commission has proposed that the tax should come into effect from 1st January 2014. The revenues of the tax would be shared between the EU and the Member States. Part of the tax would be used as an EU own resource which would partly reduce national contributions. Member States might decide to increase the part of the revenues by taxing financial transactions at a higher rate. Algirdas Semeta, Commissioner for Taxation, Customs, Anti-fraud and Audit, said: "With this proposal the European Union becomes a forerunner in the global implementation of a financial transaction tax. Our project is sound and workable. I have no doubt this tax can deliver what EU citizens expect; a fair contribution from the financial sector. I am confident that our partners in the G20 will see their interest in following this path."1 The financial transaction tax aims at taxing the 85% of financial transactions that take place between financial institutions. Citizens and businesses would not be taxed. House mortgages, bank loans, insurance contracts and other normal financial activities carried out by individuals or small businesses fall outside the scope of the proposal. The decision followed an analysis of different tax instruments to make the financial sector contribute to the recovery of the EU economy. In parallel, the Commission has explored ways to introduce a financial transaction tax at global level since 2009 with its international partners in the G20. A further activity of the European Commission aims towards the harmonization of direct taxes. In 2011, a proposal for a directive on a common consolidated corporate tax was presented. After several years' of discussion, material which would enable the implementation of a single, voluntary system of taxing legal entities was compiled. This would entail replacing 27 tax systems with a single one, but the introduction of a 28th multi-national system for the taxation of income tax. Europe drew inspiration from USA and Canada. This theme is highly acute. Dear readers, allow me in closing to wish you pleasant times during the festive season and all the best health and wishes for the New Year.


The electronic structures of model oxy-, nitrosyl-, and carbon monoxy ferroporphyrin compounds with N-methylimidazole as an axial ligand are calculated for a number of different conformations of the O2, NO, and CO ligands using the iterative extended Huckel method. For the dioxygen ligand a bent end-on (Pauling) geometry with a low-energy off-axis displacement is favored. The "anomalously large" electric field gradient at the iron nucleus can be accounted for by a paired iron(II)-dioxygen configuration. The carbon monoxide ligand is linear in model compounds but bent or tilted in protein. The reduced affinity observed for the intact protein is explained by these results. The nitrosyl ligand is bent both in model compounds and in the protein. The calculated electronic structure is consistent with the spin density observed in hyperfine splitting in electron spin resonance spectra and gives a quadrupole splitting in excellent agreement with experiment.


The invention relates to a support apparatus for a brace (12) for the support of a lower limb, in particular for a knee joint, a leg, a foot or instep of the foot, wherein a thigh brace ( 14) and a leg brace (16) which are connected together with a hinge (17) are provided, the leg splint (14) has at least one load-receiving surface (24, 28), the splint leg (16) has at least one load-receiving surface (31), a mounting brace (18) is provided which is applied to the splint (12), the leg brace (16) and fixing brace (18) being coupled together for the transmission of force.


This paper is concerned with global existence and blow-up phenomena for two-component Degasperis-Procesi system and two-component b-family system. The strategy relies on our observation on new conservative quantities of these systems. Several new global existence results and a new blowup result of strong solutions to the two-component Degasperis- Procesi system and the two-component b-family system are presented by using these new conservative quantities.


Contents Preface 11 Abbreviations 16 1. The Sultanate and its Challenges 21 2. War in Northern Oman 63 3. War in Southern Oman: the Front Ascendant 183 4. War in Southern Oman: the Sultanate Victorious 294 5. The Triumph of the Sultanate 400 Concluding Remarks 447 Appendix 1: Glossary and Gazetteer 449 Appendix 2: Sultanate Command Arrangements 464 Appendix 3: A Chronology of the War in Northern Oman 467 Appendix 4: A Chronology of the Dhufar War 476 Maps 488 Bibliography 498 Index 509 Tables 1-1. The Agreement of al-Sib (1920) 47 2-1. Muscat Armed Forces, 1956 65 2-2. Narrative of Events, August - September 1957 87 2-3. Exchange of Letters between the Government of the United Kingdom and the Sultan of Muscat and Oman 103 2-4. Casualties, 2 - 31 January 1959 137 2-5. SAF Personnel by Nationality, 1964 150 2-6. Mining in Oman, 1 January 1958 to 31 March 1961 179 3-1. PFLOAG Organisation (1970) 220 3-2. Dhufar Casualties (1967 - 1970) 222 3-3. SAF Forces Operating in Dhufar (1972) 284 4-1. International Organization of PFLOAG, 1973 321 4-2. British Sub-units in Oman (April 1974) 330 4-3. SAF Deployment in Dhufar, at June 1974 340 4-4. PFLO Organization, 1974 350 4-5. PFLO Organization in Dhufar (February 1975) 363 4-6. Civil Development Centres, 1976 396


This thesis is a collection of two projects in which the author was involved during his master's degree program. The research involves the estimation of 3D Euclidean coordinates of features from 2D images. The research also includes a project funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) on the design of a test system for the Argon Environment Electrical Study (AEES). The first chapter introduces both projects and provides the necessary background to the research. A review of the literature is presented for the estimation of 3D Euclidean coordinates from 2D images. Additionally, we provide a background to the issues associated with operating electrical equipment in an argon environment. In the second chapter, we develop a 3D Euclidean position estimation strategy for a static object using a single moving camera whose motion is known. The Euclidean depth estimator which is developed has a very simple mathematical structure and is easy to implement. Numerical simulations and experimental results using a mobile robot in an indoor environment are presented to illustrate the performance of the algorithm. In the third chapter, we describe the design of a test system for the AEES conducted by the DOE. We provide a summary of the completed design and describe how the final design was developed. The initial research proposal, safety


Metal matrix composites can be produced by powder metallurgy (P/M). Product of P/M generally contains porosity that affects physical and mechanical properties. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of temperature variation on compacted and graphite addition on the physical and mechanical properties of Al-Si/C composites. The materials in this research were Al-Si as the matrix and graphite powder as the reinforcement. The content of reinforcement were 0 and 2.5 wt% of graphite. Powder was compacted 400 MPa at 150o C, 200o C and 250o C. The green bodies were sintered at 500 oC for 2 hours. Physical and mechanical properties of Al-Si/C composites were tested by Brinnel hardness, optical microscopic and density. Results of the research show that the addition of graphite up to 2.5 wt% and increasing compacted temperature increases the hardness and density of Al-Si/C composites. Hardness and density of a specimen containing 2.5 wt% graphite which is compacted 250o C are 49 VHN and 2.7 gr/cm3 respectively whereas a graphite-free specimen compacted at 250o C has hardness of 48 VHN and density of 2.68 gr/cm3.


The aim of the study was to research the cytokine profile of cow blood in the treatment of acute postpartum endometritis with the use of recombinant α-, γ-interferons. Animals of the first group (n = 9) with a diagnosis of acute postpartum endometritis were intramuscularly injected with propranolol hydrochloride, denatured emulsified placenta, and nioxityl. Propranolol hydrochloride was administered for 4 days at a dose of 10 ml/animal at 24-hour intervals. The denatured emulsified placenta was injected subcutaneously on days 1-5-9 at a dose of 25 ml /animal. Nioxityl was injected intrauterine at a dose of 150 ml three times with a 48-hour interval. Cows of the second group (n = 11) with the same diagnosis were additionally injected intramuscularly with bovine recombinant α-, γ-interferons three times in 1–3 days at a dose of 5 ml/animal, 1 cm3 of which contains at least 1x104 IU/cm3 of the total antiviral activity of bovine recombinant α-, γ-interferons. Blood samples are taken from all groups before and at the end of the experiment. Blood samples are examined for the content of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-10 (IL-10) using Bovine Elisa Kit Clood-Clone Corp (USA). The therapeutic effectiveness in the first group was 77.8%, in the second - 90.9%, which is 13.1% more. At the end of the course, the level of IL-2 decreased by 42.5% (43.5±4.2 pg/ml, P < 0.01), TNF-Α by 9.1% (457.9±34.6 pg/ml), the level of IL-4 increased by 14.8% (44.2±3.5 pg/ml, P < 0.05), IL-10 by 56.6% (35.7±2.8 pg/ml, P < 0.01). In the second group, the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines decreased: IL–2 by 48.7% (38.8±1.6 pg/ml, P < 0.01), TNFα by 26% (372.5±17.6 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and increased anti–inflammatory cytokines: IL-4 by 46.2% (56.3±4.1 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and IL-10 by 80.3% (41.1±3.5 pg/ml, P < 0.001), which indicates a decrease in the inflammatory response.


Purpose Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are vulnerable to cervical spine injury following relatively minor trauma. The authors present a retrospective review to determine the characteristics, treatment and outcome following cervical spine injury in these patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of case notes and images of patients with AS admitted to the Spinal Injury Unit over a 10-year period. Results Thirty-nine patients were identified. Records were available for 31 patients at the time of this analysis. The median age was 62 years (range 37-84). The male:female ratio was 7:1. Mechanisms of injury included falls (72%) and RTAs (7%), while 14% were unable to recall an injury. Alcohol was involved in 20% of the cases. Fracture through an ankylosed disc in the mid to low cervical spine was the commonest injury. Concomitant non-contiguous bony injury was seen in 2 patients. More than half (55%) were Grade E on ASIA impairment scale (AIS), while 14% were Grade A and 31% Grade D. Two patients required skull traction. Most patients were successfully treated by external immobilisation. Halo crown and jacket was the most common orthosis used. Twelve patients underwent surgical stabilisation. The mean duration of external immobilisation in the non-surgical group was 13 weeks (range 10-32), whereas following surgery it was 6 weeks (range 2-8). Adequate radiological evidence of fusion was seen in all 22 patients for whom this information was available at a median of 22 weeks (range 12-32). Patients with AIS Grade A and E were unchanged at discharge, while 4 patients in AIS Grade D improved to E. Conclusion External immobilisation with halo in an effective first-line therapy in achieving fusion and stability. Surgical stabilisation can be reserved as a second-line treatment.


We discuss non-adiabatic effects in macroscopic quantum tunneling. We formu-late deviations from the adiabatic limit in terms of an increase of the mass of the tunneling motion or a decrease of the norm of the environmental space. We apply the latter method to discuss the effhcts of a nuclear intrinsic excitation on the fission rate of 234U. We also compare the result with that obtained by the Schmid method, where the fission is treated as a quantum tunneling in a two dimensional space.


Student mobility is a subject of very in-depth study in the urban sciences in the United States while it is little addressed in the literature on Europe, especially for Mediterranean countries such as Italy. The present paper focuses on Viterbo, a city located in the central part of Italy where there is a significant presence of university students. Welcoming more than 10,000 students, the Tuscia University in Viterbo is currently divided into seven Departments, ranging from Agricultural and Forestry sciences to linguistic and juridical studies. For this reason, the Tuscia University is appreciated for its graduate courses rather than the other neighbouring universities, such as Rome. Though the city of Viterbo is not infrastructurally well-connected and forces students to a difficult commute. Based on the limited literature in which student mobility is interrelated with issues affecting the spatial scale, a questionnaire was submitted to a sample of voluntary and anonymous students, which described their experiences giving insight into an intimate relationship between territorial networks and university reality. Results raised many topics of discussion, offering evidence, advantages and perspectives for Tuscia University, its territorial area and even the city of Viterbo.


The present study examines the factors that mediate and moderate the relationship of psychological contract breach (PCB) with innovative work behaviour. Specifically, affective commitment is posited to mediate and collectivism to moderate the above relationship. Data were collected from 707 managers across 12 organisations in India. Hierarchical multiple regression was used for statistical analysis of the moderated-mediation model. Affective commitment was found to mediate the negative relationship between PCB and innovative work behaviour and collectivism moderated the influence of PCB on affective commitment. Results from the moderated mediation analysis revealed that the mediation of affective commitment was moderated by collectivism such that at the lower level of collectivism, the mediation effect of affective commitment became stronger.


This paper intends to study convex hull vector machine based on two-stage method and its application in the analysis of Web server performance.Experiments show that the introduction of convex hull theory improves the efficiency in the implementation of support vector machines,realizes fast and accurate classification of network server performance parameters,which is of guiding significance for further study of server performance monitoring and alerting based on pattern recognition.


The K-means algorithm is the most widely used partitional clustering algorithms. In spite of several advances in K-means clustering algorithm, it suffers in some drawbacks like initial cluster centres, stuck in local optima etc. The initial guessing of cluster centres lead to the bad clustering results in K-means and this is one of the major drawbacks of K-means algorithm. In this paper, a new strategy is proposed where we have blended K-means algorithm with genetic algorithm (GA) and volume metric algorithm (VMA) to predict the best value of initial cluster centres, which is not in the case of only K-means algorithm. The paper concludes with the analysis of the results of using the proposed measure to determine the number of clusters for the K-means algorithm for different well-known datasets from UCI machine learning repository.


The behavior of a two stage slotted gyro TWT is self consistently simulated in this paper by a single wave nonlinear code .The effects of the length and position of the sever and the lengths of the first and the second sections on beam wave interaction are analysed and discussed in details. The influence of the velocity spread of the electron beam on the efficiency, gain, and bandwidth of the beam wave interaction is also simulated and discussed in details in this paper.The electron beam employed encircles around the axis of the wave guide.


The use of synthetic materials as active ingredients in soap making has a negative effect on human skin such as causing irritation. These potential hazards can be overcome by making soap using natural ingredients as activeingredients such as VCO and green tea. The purpose of this activity is to provide socialization to the community in the Pasir Jambak Coast of Padang regarding Hand Washing with Soap (CTPS). In technical implementation, thecommunity service team made liquid soap followed by education about CTPS and the distribution of free liquid soap to the community. The implementation methods and approaches developed in the PKM program activities can overcome the mindset about the importance of washing hands. The result of this service is that the community is enthusiastic in participating in counseling and understanding the importance of CTPS.


Part I: Labour Law's Autonomy: Theory and Methodology 1 Otto Kahn-Freund, the Contract of Employment and the Autonomy of Labour Law Mark Freedland 2 Contractual Autonomy Hugh Collins 3 Labour Law and the Trade Unions: Autonomy and Betrayal Alan Bogg 4 Common Law Confusion and Empirical Research in Labour Law Lizzie Barmes 5 Evaluating the Reflexive Turn in Labour Law Diamond Ashiagbor Part II: Labour Law's Autonomy: Core Organizing Concepts 6 Autonomous Concepts in Labour Law? The Complexities of the Employing Enterprise Revisited Jeremias Prassl 7 Uses and Misuses of `Mutuality of Obligations' and the Autonomy of Labour Law Nicola Countouris 8 Migrants and Forced Labour: A Labour Law Response Cathryn Costello Part III: Labour Law's Autonomy: Labour Law, Public Law and Human Rights 9 Labour Law as Public Law ACL Davies 10 Equality Law: Labour Law or an Autonomous Field? Sandra Fredman 11 Labour Law as Human Rights Law: A Critique of the Use of `Dignity' by Freedland and Kountouris Christopher McCrudden 12 The EU Internal Market and Domestic Labour Law: Looking Beyond Autonomy Phil Syrpis and Tonia Novitz Part IV: Labour Law's Autonomy: Labour Law, Commercial Law and Economic Theory 13 Labour Law as the Law of the Business Enterprise Alice Carse and Wanjiru Njoya 14 Conceptualizing the Employer as Fiduciary: Mission Impossible? Jill Murray 15 Efficiency Arguments for the Collective Representation of Workers: A Sketch Paul Davies 16 Labour Law on the Plateau: Towards Regulatory Policy for Endogenous Norms Deirdre McCann


The quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) is used to predict the cloud point of surfactants. Several structural, electronic, spatial, and thermodynamic properties are selected as descriptors to build the relationship between cloud point and the microscopic structures. These descriptors include the octanol/water partition coefficient AlogP, the total energy, the molecular density, the highest occupied orbital energy EHOMO, Dipole-y and the Dipole-z. Two methods, the multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares (PLS) analysis, were chosen to model the structure-properties relationships. The result showed that MLR analysis is better to predict the cloud point of nonionic surfactant than PLS analysis.


The paper discusses the principal problems of GIS integration and the basic theory and realization technology of Service Oriented Architecture(SOA).Then an integration framework based on SOA is proposed and the implementation of the system is offered.


Although mostly not perceived consciously, mirages are very familiar phenomena of everyday life. They can generally occur if light is incident on media with a gradient of refractive index. This article starts with the easiest mirage effect, known as astronomical refraction, then presents examples for inferior and superior multiple image mirages, and finally focuses on demonstration experiments for the classroom.


We apply two single cell methods to perform comparative studies on the UCSF cell lines: cell respirometry, in which we measure the cells' respiration rates; and 3D cytomorphometry, in which we quantify the 3D structure of fixed cells stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). We measured oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of individual live cells in hermetically sealed microchambers using extracellular optical sensors. We found significant cell-to-cell variations in oxygen consumption rates within the same cell type and marked differences in OCR between the non-tumorigenic (high OCR) and the metastatic (low OCR) cell types. To quantify cell morphology, we imaged H&E-stained cells using single-cell optical absorption computed tomography and extracted quantitative morphological descriptors or features from the volumetric cell images. 3D cytometry revealed several interesting trends in cellular and nuclear morphology and in coarse heterochromatin texture between the two lines. Using our quantitative methods, we plan to develop biosignatures to robustly distinguish between the two cells types based on their structure and respiration phenotype. We plan to correlate observed differences in OCR values to the alterations in the nuclear morphology and high-order chromatin organization to explore potential structure-function relationships in the two cell types.


The problem of development of preschool teachers' professional competence is raised. The requirements for training programs for this category of pedagogical staff are revealed


Most part of the Philippines are located within watersheds. The best unit for managing natural resources like land and water is a watershed. This study aimed to prioritize the nine sub watersheds of Upper Pulangi River for conservation and rehabilitation using land use and land cover and anthropogenic parameters. Land cover and land use was analysed using remote sensing and GIS techniques to identify and delineate its categories. In terms of anthropogenic parameters, watersheds with the most extensive and highest human alterations, such as surface mining/quarries, illegal logging, land conversion to agriculture, kaingin, built-up areas, and upland settlers, were assigned the top priority for conservation. Watershed prioritization is the process of ranking different sub-watersheds in the order in which they must be addressed for soil conservation measures. Out of the nine sub watersheds being studied, the results showed that Sawaga sub watershed has the high priority for conservation followed by Maapag, Upper Pulangi, Taganibong, and Malingun sub watersheds with medium priority. Panlibatuhan, Tigwa and Taganibong sub watersheds fall under low priority while Manupali sub watersheds has the lowest priority due to its favourable vegetation cover and existing conservation and rehabilitation projects. It is recommended to watershed managers of Upper Pulangi river to prioritize and consider for funding the rehabilitation and soil conservation measures for Sawaga sub watershed. The methods used in this study can be applied to other watershed management under limited resources.


This paper describes the first example of the patterning of surfaces via nanocontact printing with chemically distinct features in the <50 nm scale over 3 × 3 mm2. These ultrasmall features are achieved via a combination of "sharp" and "hard" poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps, keeping the contact area in the 50 nm domain, and high molecular weight inks to avoid diffusion. The patterns consist of dendrimers or proteins and can be used as a scaffold for further modification with gold nanoparticles.


Objective To understand the trend of influenza epidemic and to explore the variation of the viruses isolated.Methods Surveillance sites were established.Data of influenza-like illness(ILI%)was collected and analyzed.Throat swab and gargling specimens collected from influenza-like cases were isolated with MDCK cells and embryonated eggs aged 9-11 days.Results A total of 99 333 influenza-like illnesses were reported from 2004 to 2008,accounted for 4.49%(99 333/2 210 318)of the total outpatients,with 5 784 specimens collected and 686 virus isolated.Among the virus isolation,there were 163 cases of influenza H1N1 virus,492 cases of influenza H3N2 virus,and 31 cases of influenza B Victoria virus.The average isolation rate of influenza virus was 11.86 %(4.14%-22.32%).The epidemic of influenza was seasonal with two peaks of ILI% in the end of spring(March and April) and the beginning of autumn(August and September).When comparing amino acid sequences of HA1 protein domain of H1N1 viruses isolated in 2006 with those of New Caledonia/20/1999(H1N1) virus,it was revealed that there were 7 differences in amino acid sequences between them.There were 6 differences in amino acid sequences of HA1 protein domain between H1N1 viruses isolated in 2008 and Brisbane-59-2007(H1N1) virus.Conclusion The change of ILI% is associated with influenza virus variation.The mutation of H1N1 is active.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a color-protecting and brittleness-keeping semen euryales product. According to the method, fresh semen euryales is subjected to vacuum cold storage and added to saturated salt water containing calcium chloride, calcium sulfate and alum which are measured proportionally for an aerobicpickling, the pickled semen euryales is put in an aqueous solution containing calcium chloride and copper gluconate for soaking, bleaching and color protection, and the color-protecting and brittleness-keeping semen euryales product is obtained. The semen euryales product has bright color and crisp taste, the content of original nutritional ingredients in semen euryales is increased, the economical additional value of semen euryales is increased, and the semen euryales product can be more widely applied.


Linear problems appear in a variety of disciplines and their application for the transmission matrix recovery is one of the most stimulating challenges in biomedical imaging. Its knowledge turns any random media into an optical tool that can focus or transmit an image through disorder. Here, converting an input-output problem into a statistical mechanical formulation, we investigate how inference protocols can learn the transmission couplings by pseudolikelihood maximization. Bridging linear regression and thermodynamics let us propose an innovative framework to pursue the solution of the scattering-riddle.


Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations 1. The Origins of Division: The Republican Movement in the 20th century, 1916 - 1962 2. The Movement Divides: The 1960s 3. The Split and its Aftermath: The 1970s 4. The American Dimension: How Support from America Directed the Path of Irish Republicanism 5. Prison, Politics and Violence: The 1980s 6. Irish-America in the 1980s 7. Changed Priorities: The 1990s 8. The 21st Century Bibliography.


In this paper, a survey of recent progress made in machine vision systems is presented. The main focus of the paper is on industrial inspection problems. Several important contributions recently reported in automated visual inspection of integrated circuits, printed circuit boards, packaging, diskheads, metal surfaces, and other products are revisited.


The paper discusses the relevance of the use of electronic educational resources (EER) in educational activities as a means of students information competence development. A variety of electronic educational resources, widely represented in the modern educational space, are actively used at Geography lessons and contribute to the development of students ability to work competently with information: to search for it in various sources; apply computer technology and use information devices to solve educational problems; independently select and analyze data; establish causal relationships; present information in a structured form using maps, presentations, virtual objects, tables, diagrams, etc. In order to study various aspects of the use of EER, a questionnaire survey was launched for Geography teachers at secondary schools in the south of the Tyumen Region. The paper contains a number of conclusions based on the analysis of the study results. Teachers note significant experience and high activity in the use of EER due to both the implementation of projects digitizing the educational environment and a change in the education format because of the pandemic. For solving various educational problems preference is given to electronic educational platforms, electronic textbooks and teaching aids, as well as Internet resources for preparing for the Basic State Exam and the Unified State Exam. Electronic educational resources have become an integral component of the educational process, significantly expanding educational opportunities for students skills and abilities development when they work with information.


A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class A (IgA). It is the most common primary antibody deficiency. It may be inherited or the reversible sequela of infection or certain drugs. It may be caused by decreased or inefficient class-switching from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. T hough affected persons may be asymptomatic, low levels of IgA will reduce the immune system's ability to combat infection where IgA is normally secreted, at mucosal surfaces. Selective IgA deficiency is seen in greater proportion among patients with autoimmune disorders. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020


This article seeks to establish a new foundation for the interpretation of the Early Bronze Age in the northern Meseta. The incorporation and spread of new cultural information is analyzed not just as a consecuence of exogenous factors, but above a1l as a result of endogenous change. The discovery of new sites with traditional inventories suggests the co-existence of diversified cultural contexts instead of the uniformity of Beaker culture hither to supposed to have characterized the area.


The World Bank Group ("World Bank") created the Office of the Compliance Advisor Ombudsman (CAO) in 1999 to ensure that development projects financed by its private-sector lending arm are environmentally and socially sound. This study examines the effectiveness of CAO in addressing complaints by private citizens about World Bank-financed companies.
The study uses quantitative and qualitative methods to offer an empirical view of how CAO works, what factors influence its approach and outcomes, and when communities believe it is effective and fair. The study finds that during its first decade of operation (2000-2011), CAO had some success facilitating agreements between affected communities and World Bank-financed companies, but failed to produce an agreement or conduct an audit in the majority of its cases. Our data also suggests that several factors — such as the wealth of the company, the involvement of international NGOs, and the size of the World Bank's loan — may have influenced CAO's process and outcomes. A forthcoming study will examine cases filed with CAO between 2011-2016.
In CAO, the World Bank has created the expectation of accountability, but seldom the reality. We recommend that the World Bank strengthen CAO's accountability mandate. CAO currently does not have the authority to hold accountable the bank or the private companies the bank finances for breaches of bank social and environment policies. Nor does CAO have the authority to provide a remedy for harms caused by development projects. We also suggest ways CAO should address power imbalances between parties and create opportunities for meaningful participation by affected communities throughout its complaint process.
Today, every major International Financial Institution (IFI), including the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Investment Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank, has established an accountability mechanism similar to CAO. These IFI accountability mechanisms are often the only form of recourse available to affected communities.


An analysis has been carried out to determine the heattransfer characteristics for turbulent flow of a heat generating fluid in a circular tube with wall heat transfer. The internal heat generation is uniform over the tube cross section, but may vary longitudinally in an arbitrary manner. The wall heat transfer may also vary in an arbitrary way in the longitudinal direction. T he analysis applies along the entire length of the tube, that is, in thermal entrance as well as fully developed regions. The fluid is assumed to have a fully developed turbulent velocity profile throughout the length of the pipe. Numerical results are presented for fluids with Prandtl numbers ranging from 0.7 to 100 for Reynolds numbers from 50,000 to 500,000. The extension of the results to include radial heat source variations is indicated. (auth)


This paper presents an algorithm used to automatically mesh a 3D computational domain in order to solve electromagnetic interaction scenarios by means of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain -FDTD-  Method. The proposed algorithm has been formulated in a general mathematical form, where convenient spacing functions can be defined for the problem space discretization, allowing the inclusion of small sized objects in the FDTD method and the calculation of detailed variations of the electromagnetic field at specified regions of the computation domain. The results obtained by using the FDTD method with the proposed algorithm have been contrasted not only with a typical uniform mesh algorithm, but also with experimental measurements for a two-wire crosstalk set-up, leading to excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental waveforms. A discussion about the advantages of the non-uniform mesh over the uniform one is also presented.


Ancient records describe how plant diseases were attributed to many causes which included divine power, religious belief, and superstition. Far from these days, we now have detailed knowledge about how plant immunity is executed. Plants employ two types of sensors to perceive and defeat the litany of pathogenic organisms that attack them, whilst microbes deploy a myriad of specialized weapons to suppress immunity and promote infection. This opens a path to exploiting these insights to increase crop resistance. Here we describe novel biotechnological approaches for designing superior disease-resistant crops to fight agricultural losses in the field while reducing chemical inputs, towards a more sustainable agriculture that ensures food security.


We use a unique dataset of 167 North American and European clusters' funding structures, obtained from an independent questionnaire survey carried out in the first half of 2016. The aim of this study is to determine possible differences in the proportions of public and private funds in the financing clusters from these two regions. Our results show that there is not a statistically significant difference in public-to-private funding sources among the European vs. American clusters. The proportion of public-to-private sources is on average approximately 43:57 in both regions. However, overall private sources of financing are significantly higher than funds obtained from public sources when we compare average values without respect to geographical regions. Furthermore, using a seemingly unrelated regression model, we identify dominant sources of public funding – in the European clusters dominate European Union budgets (24.29%), and for American clusters, the more prevailing sources are national (26.25%) and local budgets (10%).


By reorganizing and analyzing the numbers of published papers,the authors,the content and method of the research and the characteristics of the quotes of the papers in the magazines of Curriculum,Teaching Material and Method from 1990 to 2008 with the research methods of bibliometrics,this essay exact the focuses and development of the teaching theory research in China in the past two decades so as to explore the future development trends of it.


The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and a system used for subscribing long tail type information. The method comprises steps that: expect-to-subscribe long tail information types are received from the client; when information content is determined to be consistent with the long tail information types, a long tail type information prompting message is sent to the client, and prompting display is updated by the client according to the long tail type information prompting message; a triggering request message for the prompting display is received from the client, and the long tail type information corresponding to the triggering request message is sent to the client. The method improves information issuing efficiency.


The uncertainty of seismic excitation and structural parameters in the process of establishing fragility curves leads to statistical dependence among observations,which has been neglected in past applications.In this paper,a new methodology based on beta-binomial distribution to calculate structural fragility is presented.Observations indicating the states(failure or survival)are confirmed via quantitative indicators threshold as well as Monte Carlo after each earthquake.Beta-Binomial distribution is addressed to discuss the statistical dependence among observations.Improved cumulative beta-binomial distribution function is derivation to calculate failure probability combined with logistic regression model.Seismic vulnerability curve can be fitted by means of cumulative lognormal distribution,which is compared with traditional fragility that of neglecting statistical dependence among observations and fragility curve considering statistical dependence among observed failure rates.A seat eight floors reinforced concrete frame-shear structure is used as an example to illustrate the approach:fragility curve considered statistical dependence is larger than traditional fragility,and the proposed method taken into account statistical dependence among failures will be better conservative to ensure the safety of structures.


The refined data about one specimen of Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra) and one specimen of White-winged Crossbill (L. leucoptera) collected at the end of the XIX century on Commander Islands are given, as well as the data on two specimens of L. curvirostra collected in 1940 in Kronotsky reserve on Kamchatka. The history of their skins received by the collections of zoological museums of Saint Petersburg and Moscow is regarded. The results of the revision of birds subspecies identification allowed to conclude that the chance of appearance of crossbill subspecies in the northeast of Russia was higher for the Palearctic subspecies than for the Nearctic ones.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak severely impacted the everyday lives of people with dementia. For example, this group may have difficulty understanding and adapting to abrupt changes in everyday behaviours, such as social distancing, washing hands and wearing masks. In Japan, outpatients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia were reported to have difficulty taking preventive measures against COVID‐19. However, the everyday lives of community‐dwelling older people with dementia during this pandemic have not been fully explored. The person‐centred approach highlights that the experiences of individuals with dementia are important. However, the nature of cognitive impairment and the need for physical distancing means accessing these experiences is challenging. We believe that archiving the voices of people with dementia is essential in combating future zoonotic disease pandemics, which is an important global public health issue. In 2020, we reported a quantitative analysis of our telephone outreach project for people with cognitive impairment during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We compared those with cognitive impairment with healthy controls and found the former had a severe risk of being homebound. Here, we report a qualitative analysis from the same project, focusing on people with dementia that were diagnosed by a visiting psychiatrist before the pandemic. Details of the project have been described elsewhere. In summary, we conducted a large‐scale epidemiological survey and community action approach in parallel under a community‐based participatory framework. Two public health nurses who were central to the action research telephoned potential participants during Japan's declaration of a national state of emergency in April and May 2020. Because a simple information‐ gathering method was preferable during the pandemic, we allowed cases in which only family members wished to respond. A limitation of this study was that we were unable to collect descriptions for the same participant from both people with dementia and their family members. In addition to collecting qualitative data, we gathered data for Mini‐Mental State Examination responses (obtained from October 2020 to February of 2021, just before pandemic), and subjective anxiety (selected from the three potential answers: "no anxiety," "moderate anxiety," and "severe anxiety"). The Ethics Committee of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology approved the study protocol. Table 1 compares records of everyday life described by people with dementia (n = 9) and family members (n = 8) who were unrelated to those people with dementia. The latter showed a high frequency of anxiety (7/8) compared with the former (5/9). The narratives of people with dementia showed that they cared more about others than themselves. Furthermore, narratives of three people with severe anxiety included breaking relationships: not seeing their sister (No. 2), visiting dentist stopped coming (No. 6), and quitting their club (No. 8). In contrast, the narratives of four people with no anxiety included maintaining relationships: stable relationships with family (Nos. 1 and 4) and continuing day‐care services (Nos. 3 and 9). Family members' reported observing advancing dementia, decreasing appetites (and subsequent death), and severe behavioural symptoms, such as making threats and getting lost. However, those with dementia did not report such events. Interestingly, increasing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia during the pandemic were reported in Canada. We drew the following conclusions from our explorative project. (1) Because information concerning behavioural symptoms was only included in the narratives of family members, behavioural symptoms of people living with dementia who are living alone may be difficult to find. (2) Maintaining relationships may be central to stable everyday lives. (3) More support is essential for the family member who often manage behavioural symptoms. (4) Because our telephone outreach project in the community‐based participatory framework revealed voices that are usually overlooked, more social outreach to vulnerable populations such as people with dementia is essential, especially in challenging situations such as pandemics. A strength of our study was that despite substantial societal disruption, we could access people with dementia because of long‐ term relationships with residents. Our study also had some limitations. First, the number of participants was small. Second, telephone interviews with people with dementia might have been a source of bias. Third, as noted, we were unable to collect descriptions for the same participant by both people with dementia and their family members.


The U.S. healthcare sector is undergoing rapid change, with providers and payers adopting new organizational forms as payment methods and delivery models transform. Many of these forces have created strong financial incentives for assorted healthcare entities to join forces, some opportunistically to aggregate market power, and some to bring greater value to an inefficient delivery system. Though there is little empirical doubt that competitive markets generate enormous benefits for patients and consumers, reducing the cost of healthcare while improving its quality, the need for swift and predictably pro-competitive policies may never be more pressing than it is today. Unfortunately, the current policy environment has inherited healthcare markets that for many years suffered from inadequate antitrust attention. Among policymakers' most pressing challenges is to confront the market harms stemming from unchallenged transactions that now bestow many market participants with monopoly power. Attentive antitrust enforcement—with a particular focus on merger review—is therefore critical to assure that the pro-competitive benefits of financial and clinical integration are not thwarted by excessive concentration, collusion, or abuse of dominant positions. Pervasive market concentration stemming from inadequate enforcement in prior years leaves current policymakers little room for error and has raised the stakes for today's enforcement challenges. The current challenges confronting the healthcare markets involve both a recurrence of the familiar horizontal mergers among providers and insurers and also a complex set of new vertical arrangements. Because the policy community cannot afford to continue playing catch-up, realizing the competitive harms of certain industrial realignments only after they win regulatory or judicial approval, antitrust law must be aggressive and decisive. The most recent wave of transactions pose special threats to competition in many geographic markets, in part because the competitive harms are less familiar and because the rate of integration is outpacing what traditional agency resources can police. This White Paper, Part I of a series sponsored by the American Antitrust Institute, identifies and analyzes the major concerns and priorities surrounding consolidation in the markets for delivery and payment of healthcare services. It takes a close look at the myriad competitive issues raised by ongoing consolidation in provider and insurers markets. These are multidimensional issues that raise substantive concerns for enforcers and courts. They also suggest a useful agenda for furthering academic and policy research that supports more vigorous enforcement. Some of the major takeaways from the analysis include: Absent meaningful rivalry, rivals in provider and payment markets will not face incentives to innovate, conserve costs, or pass on savings to consumers. Vigorous antitrust enforcement, with a particular focus on merger review, is critical to assure that the pro-competitive benefits of financial and clinical integration are not thwarted by excessive concentration, collusion, or abuse of dominant positions. Enforcers should aggressively pursue harmful provider mergers. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has recently successfully demonstrated that concentrative hospital mergers did meaningful harm to consumers and judicial opinion on hospital mergers in recent years has been marked by a number of important changes, ranging from finding for more local geographic markets, to rejecting arguments that the ACA limits the antitrust laws or that large insurance companies with purchasing power should mitigate concerns about mergers to monopoly. Research on cross-market mergers has accelerated as their incidence has risen. The FTC should be attentive to this new wave of regional mergers and will need to employ alternative strategies to assess and block anti-competitive transactions. Further research is also needed to ensure such mergers do not evade scrutiny. The FTC and state Attorneys General should be vigilant in monitoring acquisitions of physician practices. Horizontal mergers among physician practices raise familiar concerns that have heightened effects in already-concentrated markets. Less familiar but perhaps even more pernicious are vertical acquisitions of physician practices by dominant hospitals. Enforcers should consider challenging acquisitions that, while causing only modest increases in market share, contribute to a trend toward increasing concentration. Moreover, the many alternative methods of achieving the benefits of clinical and economic integration highlight the urgency of developing robust theories and aggressive enforcement actions against vertical linkages. There is good reason to fear that most ACOs have exacerbated the problems of consolidation more than they have generated benefits from coordination. The FTC and U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) should work with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to review information and undertake case studies on competitive performance in commercial markets to evaluate implications regarding the resulting effects of concentration and efficiency in commercial markets. Successful challenges of commercial insurer mergers by the DOJ set a high bar for future horizontal mergers. Enforcers and courts should closely examine the impact of such mergers in distinct health insurance product markets, paying particular attention to the need for innovation in insurance markets, and require strong evidentiary support for claims that easy entry, government regulation, and proposed divestitures obviate competitive concerns. As vertical mergers proposals involving healthcare entities such as insurers and PBMs tick upward, enforcers should clearly enunciate enforcement principles and develop presumptions and burden-shifting rules in litigation that are attentive to the risks of foreclosure, raising rivals costs and facilitating coordination. Moreover, enforcers should avoid employing ineffective conduct remedies to redress problematic vertical mergers. Consent decrees containing structural remedies that constrain market power in some cases can replicate the consumer benefits of competition. However, behavioral remedies that require course to dictate and supervise competitive conduct should be discouraged in merger cases and the FTC actively should oppose any conduct remedies crafted by state enforcers. Rather, the agencies should seek proactive approaches to deal with extant hospital market power. Certificate of Public Advantage (COPA) proceedings are unlikely to ascertain when consolidations will generate benefits that outweigh costs to competition and administrative controls have proven to be a poor substitute for marketplace competition. Given the weighty evidence that provider consolidations impose significant economic harm, COPAs frequently amount to evasions of needed FTC scrutiny. COPAs present the danger of counteracting needed, long-awaited federal antitrust scrutiny in a political environment in which providers can lobby state and local policymakers for antitrust immunity.


The utility model discloses a mouse pad with a hot-water bag. The mouse pad is characterized in that the hot-water bag is adhered to the bottom of the mouse pad, a USB (universal serial bus) connector is connected with the hot-water bag by an electric wire. The mouse pad disclosed by the utility model has the beneficial effect that when a computer is used in winter, the hot-water bag on the mouse pad can be electrified firstly, so that because placed on a warm mouse pad, a hand naturally feels warm, thereby effectively improving the work efficiency.


This investigation illustrates the use of major and trace elements to evaluate the petrogenetic evolution of the Late Jurassic Russian Peak Plutonic Complex in the Klamath Mountains Province, northern California, U.S.A. The two principal plutons in the complex consist of quartz diorite and granodiorite, both of which were most likely derived by partial melting of amphibolitic oceanic crustal sources and ultimately emplaced at a shallow level of ~10 km (Ptotal ~ 3 kbar). The major-element compositional variations in quartz diorite are consistent with crystallization of plagioclase (45 %) and amphibole (69 %) and resorption of clinopyroxene (–14 %). Major-element variations in granodiorite could have resulted from crystallization of plagioclase (60 %), amphibole (26 %), and biotite (14 %). Trace elements in whole-rocks and amphibole record different degrees of fractional crystallization, whole-rocks reflecting differentiation on a plutonic scale, and amphibole crystals reflecting differentiation on the scale of an individual sample. Quartz diorite experienced 10% fractional crystallization for the suite as a whole and 45% for individual samples; in contrast, granodiorite experienced 40% crystallization for the suite and 80% for individual samples. For both quartz diorite and granodiorite, comparisons of whole-rock REE patterns with those for melts calculated to be in equilibrium with amphibole demonstrate that the whole-rock REE compositions represent a combination of crystals and melts from evolving magmas, rather than melts alone.


Phase Doppler Anemometer(PDA)measure technology was applied to six corners tangentially fired boiler for the first time, a cold model experiment for investigating gas-solid two-phase flow field at burner region was performed, gas flow characteristics was made by numerical simulation with k-e two-equation turbulence model, and particle turbulence pervasion with stochastic particle trajectory model, numerical simulation results agree with experiment results well. Study showed that adopting homocentric two tangential circles of primary air and secondary air properly could improve the structure of flow field in furnace effectively, thus slag phenomenon of heat-transfer surface is control.


In this paper, we study the self-dual Einstein-Maxwell-Higgs equation on compact surfaces. The solution structure depends on the parameter \begin{document}$\varepsilon $\end{document} appearing in the equation. We find an upper bound \begin{document}$\varepsilon _c $\end{document} of \begin{document}$\varepsilon $\end{document} for the existence of solutions. By using the topological degree theory, we prove that there exist at least two solutions for \begin{document}$0 . We also study the asymptotic behavior of solutions as \begin{document}$\varepsilon \to 0$\end{document} .


an advanced level. What Dunphy does not offer, and it happens to be something I am interested in, is a consistent distinction between gender identity (who you think you are or want to be) and object choice (who you desire). Historically, these two factors have been blurred together. For instance, although we know that transvestites are not necessarily homosexual, we tend to assume that they are until proven otherwise. Again, it is widely supposed that gay men are really feminine and that lesbians want to be men, despite evidence to the contrary. Dunphy is certainly aware of such complexities, but they do not prompt a significant analysis in his book. He is excellent on gender, but this is interpreted as mainly about relations between women and men; he is not much interested in masculine women and feminine men. The illuminating issue for my argument here is transsexualism, which Dunphy hardly mentions. It demands that we address gender identity in its own right, thereby raising a new phase of questions for sexual politics. For example, our customary dismissal of essentialism is challenged by the unswerving conviction of the transsexual that s/he really is a man, or really is a woman. Again, our assumption that coming out is the route to personal contentment and political organization fits unevenly with the transexual's wish to confirm hir gender identity by passing. Dunphy's book has only just reached this reviewer, but it was published in 2000 and derives from teaching in the 1990s. I suspect that the topic I have raised has become more pressing since that time. It shows that we have not yet reached the end of our investigations into sexual politics.


[Objective]Study the effects of re-vegetation on soil enzyme activities and physio-chemical properties on sloping-lands with purple soils in Hengyang City,in order to reveal the change of soil property in different re-vegetation phases and the mechanism of recovery/degeneration of soil ecology.[Methods]Successional stages were postulated as those communities with different physiognomy,and in which soil samples of0—10cm,10—20cm and 20—40cm in plots of grassland(Ⅰ),frutex and grassplot(Ⅱ),frutex(Ⅲ),arbor and frutex community(Ⅳ)were collected.Some soil enzyme activities and physio-chemical properties in the postulated stages of re-vegetation were assayed and illustrated.[Results](1)Patrick richness index(R),Shannon—Wiener index(H)were followed the order as:ⅣⅡⅠ,Simpson index(D):ⅠⅡⅣⅢ,Evenness index(E):ⅣⅢⅡⅠ.The above and under-ground biomass significantly increased along revegetation;(2)SWC(soil water content),SOM(soil organic matter),TN(total nitrogen),TP(total phosphorus),NO-3—N(nitrate-nitrogen)and AP(available phosphorus)significantly increased along revegetation,whereas SBD(soil bulk density),pH values and R/Sratio(root/soil ratio)gradually decreased.Withthe increase of soil depth,SWC,R/Sratio,SOM,N and P significantly decreased,SBD and pH values gradually increased;(3)The activities of URE(Urease),PRO(protease),APE(alk-phosphatase),INV(invertase),CEL(cellulase)and PPO(polyphenol oxidase)significantly increased,and the activities of CAT(catalase)was the highest in Ⅲ.With the increase of soil depth,except for PPO and CAT,the activities of the other soil enzyme activities decreased obviously.[Conclusion]Re-vegetation could improve soil physiochemical properties and increase soil enzyme activities.


pure for rure in Met. II. 4 (28. 6), belle for uelle in Met. IV. 31 (99. 16), igni inntim for inigninum in .Afe/. VII. 20 (169. 19), imperio orbidae for imperor uide in .Aftf. VIII. 9 (184. 9), and compseram for conipseram in J/*/. XI. 3 (267.29). His ingenuity sometimes runs to perversity, as when he argues that in Apollo cantauit ad chiteram (Met. VI. 24 ; 146. 21) chiteram represents not citharam but a Latinisation of \vrpav, with the sense of adpocula.


In hydraulic engineering and traffic construction in recent years increasingly used thin-walled concrete and reinforced concrete structures . Facilities, which used similar designs , operated under difficult conditions. Concrete is subjected to hydraulic pressure , freezing and thawing , drying and moistening , the dynamic fluid impact and ice salt and other effects [1 ] The analysis showed that the main indicators that provide durability of thin-walled structures of water (including floating ) and transport facilities in the climatic conditions of Ukraine , are waterproof and frost resistance of concrete , as well as its resistance to dynamic loads ( impact resistance , crack resistance ) . Studies have allowed to find out that to achieve and increase the frost resistance of concrete waterproofness without reducing its strength and processing characteristics can be achieved by introduction of complex modifiers consisting of a plasticizing and bridging additives and fillers. To increase resistance to weathering and dynamic integrity structure material at the development of integrated therein alternating strains [2 ] Concrete reinforcing components should be able to perceive three-dimensional deformation and to redistribute and be resistant to the operating environment. INTRODUCTION. During the operation of hydraulic and transport facilities in the construction of the concrete structure is subject to continuous change, which must be considered when setting the initial requirements for the material and the design of its composition. For forecasting and durability of concrete [3 ] we use the working scheme developed [4] , taking into account : Concrete compositions . Due to the nature of concrete walled hydraulic ( including floating ) and transport facilities should be used sulphate resistant Portland cement , gravel size up to 20 mm , and it is desirable to use a fine filler ; Preparation technology . By providing high mobility of the mixture at a low water-cement ratio and high physical and mechanical characteristics shall apply bridging and plasticizers , as well as resistant to fiber production environment , such as polypropylene ; The structure that is formed at the initial stage of production of thin-walled structures . Due to the nature of operation of thin-walled concrete for hydraulic and transport facilities , the most important structural features can be recognized as the total amount and type of pore space . For fiber-reinforced concrete need for a separate fiber fiber frame ; Changes in the structure as a result of operational impacts ( pressurized water action , freezing and thawing , capillary suction , the accumulation of salts , etc.) as well as the processes taking place in the structure of the modified concrete . Among the positive processes that adapt thin concrete structures of hydraulic and transport facilities should be called first, then mudding through the action of chemical additives [4] , and secondly, clogging pores corrosion products , and in the third , late hydration of cement . To improve the durability of concrete and fiber-reinforced thin-walled hydraulic (including floating ) and transport facilities to develop integrated modifier comprising kolmatiruyuschauyu and plasticizers , as well as a fine filler ground quartz sand . Research Methods. Conducted studies of the properties of concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete thin-walled hydraulic and transport facilities. The influence on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete data of factors : the amount of sulfate portland cement


Abstract This paper examines the numerous benefits of digital scholarly communication made visible through institutional repositories (IRs) that have become trendy in institutions of higher learning in developed countries of the world. In line with its vision to be a leading centre of academic excellence in Africa and the world, the University of Botswana (UB) established its own IR known as the UB Research, Innovation and Scholarship Archive (UBRISA). This paper discusses the challenges of profiling digital scholarly communication on UBRISA, a technology brimming with potential but which UB staff has largely ignored. The consequences of this neglect are seen in the paltry submissions to it during its four years of existence. The paper explains the implementation policy, and the involvement and functions of a tripartite team that drives UBRISA. The paper notes that the problem of tardiness experienced in populating the digital repositories of other institutions is also deeply rooted in UB. It shares some failed efforts made to populate UBRISA through the instrument of the performance management system – an annual contract which the academic staff members sign at the beginning of the year. The paper then analyses the efforts of the Scholarly Communication in Africa Programme (SCAP) that worked with UB in training its staff regarding the operation of the IR, and also established a workflow process for vetting, describing and uploading content to the IR so that UB scholarship could become more visible to the world. Some recommendations are also offered.


Eleven years ago two NSF-funded programs aimed at fostering the development of a Community of Practice (CoP) among engineering education researchers, the Rigorous Research in Engineering Education (RREE) and the Institute for Scholarship on Engineering Education (ISEE), were initiated. Both programs ran from 2004 to 2006 and, although independently, were highly complementary in terms of goals, design and impacts. The RREE and ISSE programs involved approximately 200 (147 RREE and 48 ISEE) faculty members in workshops and other professional development learning experiences that helped them become aware of and learn how to navigate the nuances of conducting engineering education research (EER) that met the standards of any scholarly field. While big-data analytics can be applied to show evidence of a developed and existing community of practice among past participants of the RREE and ISEE programs, individual stories of "becoming engineering education researchers" are impossible to capture using such techniques. In order to gain insights of the lived experiences from some participants after more than 10 years since their experience in these programs, we took a qualitative approach and conducted semi-structured interviews using photo elicitation. So far we have collectively interviewed a total of 37 past participants, 21 for RREE and 16 for ISEE. This paper focuses on the results from the RREE past participants. We used a protocol that was divided into two main sections: I. eliciting engineering education research stories and II. becoming an engineering education researcher. This paper will report on section one where participants were asked to submit three photos or images that they felt were good representations of: (1) themselves before participating in the workshops, (2) where they see themselves presently and (3) where they hope to be in the future. Of the 21 participants that were interviewed for the follow-up to the RREE project, 18 provided the solicited photos/images and discussed their rationale for their choice when prompted in the interviews. The photos/images spanned the range of personal life events or interests to career and research endeavors. In this paper we will describe the common themes associated with the photos/images in terms of how participants identified with the photos/images and their justification for choosing them. The idea behind this approach is that through the selection of photos/images participants are able to not only produce a visual progression of their identity since the workshops, but to also serve as a starting point for verbalizing connections in their experiences they may have long forgotten existed. This paper will add to the body of literature that seeks to uncover stories or information that might be difficult to voice or describe.


The anthropic interference have changed the original soil condition in Campos de Cima da Serra region, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of humic substances in an Oxisol under native pasture (CN), native burned pasture (CNq), native forest (MN), pine afforestation (FP) and annual crops (LA). The levels of total organic carbon (TOC) and C compartments of chemical soil organic matter (SOM) were determined. The use and management adopted affected the levels of TOC and C in the chemical compartments of the SOM. In comparison to CN, the MN increased the amounts of TOC, which remained unchanged in the CNq and was reduced by land uses with LA and FP. Changes in land use and management tended to reduce the C in humic fractions and modified the humic and fulvic acids distribution.


Biochemistry International, the initial name of IUBMB Life, was a rapid communication journal published for the International Union of Biochemistry from 1980 to 1992 by Academic Press (Sydney, Australia), an imprint of Harcourt Brace & Company Australia PTY Limited. Biochemistry International was renamed Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International (BAMBI) in 1993 to follow the change of IUB to International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) when molecular biology content became an essential part of biochemistry. Academic Press published Biochemistry International followed by BAMBI from volume 1 to volume 46, until 1999. With the IUBMB Presidency of William (Bill) Whelan in 1997, it was decided that BAMBI had to undergo significant change so that it could better fulfill its role as a valuable, rapid publication journal concerned with various aspects of Biomolecular Science. Responsibility for the implementation of the change was assigned to Angelo Azzi, in his capacity as the Chair of the IUBMB Committee on Publications. A tender for publication was published and direct information was also sent to many publishers including Blackwell Science Ltd, Portland Press, Springer Verlag, Wiley & Sons Ltd, and Taylor & Francis. All, but Taylor & Francis, answered negatively. Interestingly, one of the negative answers came from Wiley and Sons Ltd., that several years later became the publisher of most of the IUBMB Journals, including IUBMB Life. Keith Courtney, Publishing Director at Taylor & Francis, answered very enthusiastically and a publishing agreement for BAMBI was signed on June 1st, 1998. It was agreed that Taylor & Francis were to be publish volumes 47–49, 1999, in paper form. In August 1999, IUBMB Life replaced BAMBI, Taylor & Francis, became part of Informa PLC, and continued publication until volume 60. With Taylor & Francis, the electronic submission system begun at the end of 2004. Following the difficulties with Informa, such as substantial delays in IUBMB Life publication, text editing errors and mistakes in proofs, the decision was made that a change in publisher was necessary and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. became a potential opportunity, being already the Publisher of another IUBMB Journal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education (BAMBED); so, their attractive publishing proposal for IUBMB Life was accepted. The December 2007 issue of IUBMB Life was the last published by Taylor & Francis-Informa, with which a cordial and profitable collaboration was acknowledged. As from January 2008, commencing with volume 60, no. 1, the new publisher was John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Electronic submission continued, using Manuscript Central platform. Print issues ceased with volume 66 in 2014 with only the online version being published. The Publishers have never been just companies but instead persons, with friendly interactions. Starting with Taylor & Frances, the Editors-in-Chief were invited to annual dinner meeting in London, at special restaurants hosted by Keith Courtney, and Beverly Ackerman. Reviews of the past years were presented, and forthcoming plans were discussed, that were later implemented with the aid of Matthew Pacey. The tradition continued Abbreviations: BAMBED, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education; BAMBI, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International; FASEB, Federation of the American Societies for Experimental Biology; FEBS, Federation of the European Biochemical Societies; IUBMB, International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; PAABS, Pan-American Association of Biochemical Societies. Received: 27 March 2021 Accepted: 14 April 2021


New composite doped poly (ethylene oxide) polymer electrolyte was developed using 2-mercapto benzimidazole as plasticizer and iodide/triiodide as redox couple. The fabrication of the cell involves Poly(ethylene oxide)/ 2-mercapto benzimidazole / iodide/triiodide as polymer electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cell fabricated with N3 dye and TiO2 nanoparticles as the photoanode and Platinum coated FTO (fluorine doped SnO2) as counter electrode. The current-volatage characteristics under simulated sunlight AM1.5 shows a short circuit current Isc of 8.7mA and open circuit photovoltage 508 mV. The conductivity measurements for the new polymer electrolyte and the photoelectrochemical measurments were carried out systematically. In 2-mercapto benzimidazole the electron rich sulphur and nitrogen atoms, act as pi-electron donors that form good interaction with iodine which plays a vital role in the performance of the fabricated dye-sensitized solar cells. The resonance effect increases the stability of the cell to a considerable extent. These results suggest that the new composite polymer electrolyte performs as a promising new doped polymer-electrolyte.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Kuntai capsules,a Chinese Traditional Medicine,in the treatment of climacteric syndrome.Methods:A randomized,double blind,multi-center and parallel control clinical study enrolled 147 menopausal women with hot flushes more than 3 times a day,who were randomly administered with either Kuntai capsules(4 capsules,tid,n=77) or estradiol valerate(E_2V) tablets(0.5 mg,qd,n=70) for 3 months.The patients were stratified according to their perimenopasual and postmenopausal stage in each arm group.The patients were requested to record their climacteric symptoms,vaginal spotting and breast tender on the daily basis,and were assessed in the improvement of climacteric symptoms using the Kupperman Menopausal Scores(KMS) at each scheduled study visit.The serum estradiol(E_2) level and vaginal epithelial maturation index were measured at the beginning and the end of the study.Results:Compared to the estradiol therapy,the Kuntai-treated patients showed no significant difference in the improvement of climacteric symptoms based on the KMS evaluation in the 3-month course of the therapy(86.2% vs.78.9%,P0.05).The hot flushes were significantly decreased in both groups(92.3% vs.96.5,P0.05).The E_2 levels and vaginal epithelial cell maturation index were significantly increased in the Kuntai group at the end of therapy,compared with the pre-therapy(P0.01 and P0.05,respectively).No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion:Kuntai capsules provide an alternative therapy for women with climacteric symptoms,and show more efficacies for perimenopausal women than for postmenopausal women.


Some closed cell foam insulation products show an increase in thermal conductivity at low temperatures. This reduction in thermal performance has been attributed to the diffusion of air and blowing agent through the foam and to the condensation of the blowing agent. Aging processes and polymer degradation further increase the thermal conductivity of foams. The initial cell structure plays a role in dictating the thermal performance and changes with foam aging which is rarely investigated. To understand the loss of thermal performance in closed cell foams, a microstructure and chemical characterization of pristine and aged samples was performed in this study. The aging behaviour was analyzed by SEM imaging and by measuring the blowing agent concentration in the foam. Changes in the polymer physical attributes were identified. This study also used gas chromatography and quantified changes in pentane concentration in aged polyisocyanurate foams. Results show that aged foams undergo change in their polymer appearance and cellular elongation. Gas chromatography quantified a decrease in blowing agent in the range of 11-85% for polyisocyanurate foams after aging.


The invention relates to a storage device (10) for supporting a first component (12) to a second component (14), with at least one bearing element (18), meanwhile, switching the first component (12) on the second component (14) to relatively this is to store movable, the storage device (10) comprises at least one magnetoelastic sensor (28) for detecting on the bearing element (18) acting loads, and a method for detecting a bearing element (18) acting loads (F).


Background Dysregulation of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signalling is implicated in neutrophilic asthma. TNF-α signalling involves membrane-bound and soluble ligand (TNF-α) and receptors (TNFRs); however, little is known about how these proteins are altered in asthma. We hypothesised that intercompartment-, immune cell- and/or asthma inflammatory phenotype-dependent regulation could relate to TNF dysregulation in neutrophilic asthma. Methods Measurements were made in 45 adults with asthma (36 non-neutrophilic, 9 neutrophilic) and 8 non-asthma controls. Soluble TNF-α, TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 were quantified in plasma and sputum supernatant by ELISA, and membrane-bound TNF-α/TNFR1/TNFR2 measured on eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages in blood and sputum by flow cytometry. Marker expression was compared between inflammatory phenotypes and compartments, and relationship of membrane-bound and soluble TNF markers and immune cell numbers tested by correlation. Results Soluble sputum TNFR1 and TNFR2 were increased in neutrophilic versus non-neutrophilic asthma (p=0.010 and p=0.029). Membrane-bound TNF-α expression was upregulated on sputum versus blood monocytes, while TNFR1 and TNFR2 levels were reduced on airway versus blood monocytes and neutrophils. Soluble TNFR1 and TNFR2 in sputum significantly correlated with the number of airway monocytes (p=0.016, r=0.358 and p=0.029, r=0.327). Conclusion Our results imply that increased sputum soluble TNF receptor levels observed in neutrophilic asthma relate to the increased recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils into the airways and their subsequent receptor shedding. Monocytes also increase TNF-α ligand expression in the airways. These results suggest an important contribution of airway monocytes to the altered inflammatory milieu in neutrophilic asthma. Monocytes modify the inflammatory milieu in neutrophilic asthma. Blood and sputum analysis reveal TNF pathway dysregulation relating to altered TNF-α ligand and receptor expression by monocytes and their increased airway recruitment in neutrophilic asthma. https://bit.ly/3onJ1s7


The recombinant gene containing human proinsulin gene driven by ovine β lactoglobulin gene was microinjected into the pronucleus of mouse zygotes.A total of 888 eggs injected were transferred into 31 recipients,of which 14 recipients were pregnant and produced 53 pups,and there were 5 transgenic female mice in 51 pups screened by PCR.Milk samples,collected from two lactating transgenic mice,contained 37.44 mg/L and 39.99 mg/L human proinsulin respectively by radioimmunoassay.Other three transgenic mice were too weak to be pregnant,of which one was dead.


The prevailing analyses of the structure of the Gospel of Mark represent modifications of the form-critical approach and reflect its tendency to regard the Gospel not as a unified narrative but as an anthology of sayings and acts of Jesus which were selected and more or less adapted to reflect the early Church's theological understanding of Christ. However, a narrative-critical reading of the Gospel reveals that the opening proclamation, the Transfiguration, and the concluding proclamation provide a definite framework for a close pattern of recurring words, repeated questions, interpolated narrative, and inter locking parallels which unfold the basic theme of the Gospel: the person and work of Christ.


The illustrations of illuminated manuscripts between 1300 and 1450 featured a very large number of animal musicians. They were set in the marginal borders of the pages, and framed the text and miniature with their musical sonorities. Along with King David, animals were the main musicians featured in medieval illuminations, far more numerous than angels and minstrels. The monkey, dog, fox and half-animal, half-human hybrid creatures were the " champions " of instrumental music. At the crossroads of history and art history, musicology and literature, their representations suggest that we identify typologies of books, animals and instruments. They raise several questions on three levels: 1/ the visual level of the instruments and instrumental practices represented 2/ then, the level of the cultural foundations of images and their rhetoric modus operandi 3/ finally, by adopting a synaesthetic approach to images and sounds to try to understand how to describe the sounds of instruments when they are " produced " by instrumentalists as peculiar as animals (sounds, noises, harmony, musica, silence?). This synaesthetic approach is also anthropological: as animals imitate human beings, what can be considered musical in both of them? What makes " musicality " and " sonority " criteria that allow us to distinguish and organise creatures in the order of God's creation in a hierarchy according to the medieval understanding of the world? I will discuss these questions from the perspective of the intellectual context: humanism present in princely courts, but also Aristotelianism and Neo-Platonism taught in European Colleges of Arts...


reSearch IN afrIcaN lIteratureS, vol. 50, No. 1 (Spring 2019), doi: 10.2979/reseafrilite.50.1.15 those seeking a broader, more theoretical analysis of the African dictator novel, the anthology does little to define the genre. Ndĩgĩrĩgĩ acknowledges some limitations of the collection and even urges future scholarship to interrogate a self-identified gap, that is, "the ways women writers have fictionalized dictatorships"; however, future scholars on the topic should also explicitly link their analyses to the genre of the Latin American dictator novel in order to develop a more nuanced, critical understanding of the specificities of its African counterpart.


We propose a subspace learning algorithm for face recognition by directly optimizing recognition performance scores. Our approach is motivated by the following observations: 1) Different face recognition tasks (i.e., face identification and verification) have different performance metrics, which implies that there exist distinguished subspaces that optimize these scores, respectively. Most prior work focused on optimizing various discriminative or locality criteria and neglect such distinctions. 2) As the gallery (target) and the probe (query) data are collected in different settings in many real-world applications, there could exist consistent appearance incoherences between the gallery and the probe data for the same subject. Knowledge regarding these incoherences could be used to guide the algorithm design, resulting in performance gain. Prior efforts have not focused on these facts. In this paper, we rigorously formulate performance scores for both the face identification and the face verification tasks, provide a theoretical analysis on how the optimal subspaces for the two tasks are related, and derive gradient descent algorithms for optimizing these subspaces. Our extensive experiments on a number of public databases and a real-world face database demonstrate that our algorithm can improve the performance of given subspace based face recognition algorithms targeted at a specific face recognition task.


This study aims to assess empirically the impact of the recent financial crisis on the integration of Islamic stock markets in the Asian region. Leading Muslims South East Asian countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, and Geo-Politically important South Asian countries like Pakistan and India's Islamic stock markets performance have been compared vis-a-vis with the Islamic stock market of America, used as a benchmark in the study. The period of analysis has been divided into two sub-periods: pre-crises time period: January 2005 - June 2007 and crises from July 2007 - June 2010. The relevant data regarding these stock markets have been taken from Dow Jones Islamic Index series. The adverse effects of financial crisis on stock's returns and integration of Islamic stock markets have been investigated through Analysis of variance model (ANOVA), Pearson correlation coefficient method, And finally, a newly developed cointegration technique, powered by Pesaran et al [1] named as Auto Regressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) are used to investigate the long run integration among the Islamic stock market. Finding of the study reveals that Islamic stock markets performance is adversely affected from exogenous financial shocks like the conventional stock markets. The study also affirms increasing integration among the Islamic markets during the crisis period. The practical implementations of the study can be described as a greater mutual resilience of Islamic stock markets exists during the crises therefore; the stakeholders should be made conscious about this tendency and should minimize interdependence among stock markets by taking some pre-emptive measures.


In this paper, we try to understand how the human cognition identifies various sentiments expressed by different lexical indicators of sentiments in opinion sentences. We use the psychological index, Reaction Time (RT) for the analysis of various lexical indicators required for understanding the sentiment polarity. The test bed was developed using linguistic categories of lexical indicators of sentiments and selected sentences which have various levels of sentiments. Experimental results indicate that variations in syntactic categories of the lexical indicators influence the thought in deciding sentiments at varied levels. The results from this work is to be used for fine tuning machine learning algorithms which are used for sentiment analysis and it can also be used in the development of real time applications such as educational tools to better educate students, particularly those with neurocognitive disorders.


National strategies for the dissemination of environmental information are rarely examined by social scientists. This is despite the fact that policies to secure the effective dissemination of environmental information play an important role in the success of national educational programmes. This paper evaluates the dissemination strategy pursued in one of the UK's constituent parts, Scotland, and draws lessons of general relevance to students of policy implementation. The discussion is based on a large-scale survey of key actors involved in the dissemination of environmental information within Scotland and incorporates a distinctive methodology which could serve as a template for future studies. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of the baking process of cookies made with onion powders (onion cookie). Experiments were carried out according to a central composite design, selecting onion powder content (1.15~8.86%) and baking temperature (155.9~184.1℃) as independent variables and pH, titratable acidity, moisture content, density, spread factor, CIE color parameters (L * -, a * -, and b * -values), and hardness as response variables. pH decreased with increasing amount of onion powder and baking temperature. Moisture content also decreased as the baking temperature increased. L * - and b * -values decreased but a * -values increased with increasing onion content and baking temperature. Most polynomial models developed by RSM were highly effective to describe the relationships between the studied factors and the responses. Overall optimization, conducted by overlaying the contour plots under investigation, was able to point out the optimal range of the independent variables within which the six responses were simultaneously optimized. The point chosen as representative of this optimal region corresponded to 4.01% onion powder content and 161.84℃ baking temperature. The predicted dependent or response values in the optimal region were: pH=6.87, moisture content=2.77%, L * -value=68.45, a * -value=1.98, b * -value=34.64, and spread factor=9.41.


Summary The species composition and abundance of ground beetles and rove beetles inhabiting unexploited willow's plantation (Salix viminalis) were investigated at four study sites in the suburban district of Rzeszow, Zalesie in 2011 and 2012. The beetles were caught using Barber's traps‐ at each site four traps were placed. As a result of the investigation, 1.532 beetles were collected, including 22 ground beetles and 50 rove beetles. Both ground beetles (Col., Carabidae) and rove beetles (Col., Staphylinidae) are considered useful entomofauna since they are natural enemies of many pests, and help regulate the number of harmful insects, thus results in providing environment resistance to phytophagous insects. Leaving in the ecosystem unnatural shrubberies, for example, willow plantations excluded from the use, creatses new habitats for coleopterofauna, including species that are not only useful but they also enrich enviroment by increasing number of species inhabiting wooded land. The study also shows the presence of very rare species of the Staphylinidae and protected representatvies of the genus Carabus. That observation confirms the assumption of conservation unused functions monocultures.


Purpose

This paper aims to explore local social value creation by entrepreneurs located in residential neighborhoods, what drives their behavior and the influence of their local social networks therein, both as a direct effect and through fostering local embeddedness.

Design/methodology/approach

In-depth interviews are conducted with 18 neighborhood-based entrepreneurs in the Netherlands to explore whether these entrepreneurs are active in local social value creation and the different drivers of their behavior in that regard (personality, organizational, contextual and issue characteristics) in relation to their local social networks. The research neighborhoods are selected based on social cohesion and collective efficacy scores.

Findings

Most interviewees are active in social value creation. Personality characteristics are the main drivers of local social value creation. Local social networks have a direct, indirect and moderating effect, but are not prerequisites for local social value creation to occur. Local embeddedness through emotional attachment to the neighborhood also drives local social value creation.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest that neighborhood-based entrepreneurship is a source of local social value, indicating the need for additional and large-scale quantitative research on this type of entrepreneurial activity.

Social implications

The findings of this study can motivate policymakers to promote entrepreneurship in neighborhoods as a means of stimulating bottom-up local social value creation.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the debate on the social value of entrepreneurship and considers the understudied group of neighborhood-based entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the paper offers a conceptual contribution by focusing on the local social networks as a driver of local social value creation.


The article introduced the mechanism of electromagnetic radiation,its present situation and its applications in predicting rock or coal dynamical disasters,roof stability and geological structure.Finally,the article analyzed the prospect of electromagnetic radiation technology.


The flexible crankshaft may influence diesel's instantaneous speed when diesel runs at high speed and load. In this paper the nine-degree crankshaft dynamic model is set up aim at 6-135 type diesels, and studies the instantaneous speed fluctuating rules at different position of crankshaft. The Simulating outcome shows that the obvious difference and rules are exist in instantaneous speed of all degrees: The instantaneous speed waveform corresponding to each cylinder accomplishes a change of several small wave crests to one beg crest gradually from freedom end to flywheel end. At last the simulating outcome are compared to experimental measured instantaneous speed of freedom end and flywheel end, they are in agreement at both wave shape and frequency spectrum sides, then the model's effect is proved.


In his Bellum Ciuile, Caesar reports the events of 1 January 49 with these words (1.3.1): misso ad uesperum senatu omnes qui sunt eius ordinis a Pompeio euocantur. laudat  Pompeius atque in posterum confirmat, segniores castigat atque incitat. When the Senate had been dismissed towards dusk, all who belonged to that order were summoned by Pompeius. He praised the determined and encouraged them for the future while criticizing and stirring up those who were less eager to act.This meeting has not attracted much scholarly attention and admittedly for a good reason: other circumstances of the outbreak of the Civil War are, perhaps, more significant for understanding the events as well as the intentions and decisions of the political actors. The importance of this gathering lies, however, not so much in what its role might have been in the developments of the year 49 but rather in the context of the phenomenon of the promagistrates' interference in the domestic politics of Late Republican Rome.


Introduces LD type dense air deliver ash system,its operating principle and process flow of ash conveying system (PLC). Analyzes cause of fault always happened during the operating process. Introduces handling method to the fault.


A theoretical study on the buckling behaviour of concrete filled steel RHS was carried out in this paper.An energy method was used to establish an eigenvalue problem,and by buckling deformation function,which satisfy all the restrained boundary conditions,the explicit solution of plate local buckling coefficient was obtained.Formulation of local buckling coefficient was used to analyse plates of concrete filled steel box columns with rectangular section subjected to axial compression,and the formula of local buckling coefficient k was obtained.The limitation of width thickness ratio and formulate local buckling strength of concrete filled steel tubes with rectangular section were presented.Comparisons between calculated results and those measured from tests were carried out,and good agreements were achieved.The conclusions in this paper may be referred for relevant research.


A dynamic sensor management algorithm based on improved efficacy function is proposed to solve the multi-sensor faced to multi-target management problem. The tracking task precision requirements (PR), target priority (TP) and sensor used cost (SC) are considered to establish the efficacy function by weighted sums the normalized value of the three factors. The PR is described by the diversities of the desired covariance matrix and the predicted Covariance matrix which is obtained by the centralized sequential Kalman filtering algorithm. The TP model is established based on multi-attribute linear weighting and SC is estimated by practical experience. The simulation results proved that the proposed method can meet the requirements of PR and adjust sensor selection according to TP and SC. This makes sensor management scheme more reasonable and effective.


In this article, the forces that will impact the development of cities as information hubs are assessed and proposed. By analysing the recent direction and trajectory of development, and using assessments from other professions, this article outlines the future of wayfinding as a distinct profession and set of connected activities. It highlights the growing influence of the need for optimization, and not just the construction of cities transport systems. Finally, it creates a blueprint for how Legible Cities will be built in the future.