Coffee beans of two cultivars, Arabica (Mexico) and Robusta (Vietnam), were roasted in a small-scale drum roaster at different temperature profiles. Evolving volatile compounds out of the roasting off-gas were analyzed by photoionization mass spectrometry at four different wavelengths, either with single-photon ionization (SPI) or resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). The different analyte selectivities at the four wavelengths and their relevance for the examination of the roasting process were discussed. Furthermore, intensities of observed m/z were grouped by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to reveal the temporal evolutions of four roasting phases ("evaporation", "early roast", "late roast", and "overroast") from NMF scores and the corresponding molecular composition from the NMF factor loadings, giving chemically sound results concerning the roasting phases. Finally, linear classifiers were constructed from real mass spectra at maximum NMF scores by linear discriminant analysis to obtain quantities which are simple to measure for real-time analysis of the roasting process.


The concept for home hemodialysis (HHD) is quite urgent during the COVID-19 pandemic. The opportunity to treat the patients from a distance, as well as the possibility to apply flexible schemes for dialysis treatment, contribute to the improvement of quality of life and the application of frequent and prolonged dialysis procedures, which proved to be more effective. The selection of the patients for HHD is based on the right assessment of their medical and mental status. The education is done by a multidisciplinary team and comprises of all aspects of the dialysis procedure. The permanent tunnel catheter is the most appropriate vascular access for HHD, due to its simple maintenance. The requirements for the conditions at home, the dialysis machines and the water purifying system are identical with those in every dialysis structure and must correspond to all criteria of the national and the international dialysis standards. HHD is 20% 50% cheaper than the conventional dialysis. The lack of legislation in many countries, including Bulgaria, restricts the application of HHD. In the pandemic situation with COVD-19 and with a right assessment of the patients, HHD can be a good alternative of the conventional hemodialysis.


The title of this research was improving students' writing ability through Think Talk Write (TTW) technique by using English Blog as media. the aim of this research were first, to improve the students' writing ability through Think Talk Write (TTW) technique by using English Blog as media and second, to know the students' responses toward the implementation of Think Talk Write (TTW) technique by using English Blog as media in learning writing. This research was designed in Classroom Action Research (CAR) and the subject of the research was the fourth semester students which consisted of 30 students. In collecting the data, the researcher used some research instruments such as observation sheets, test, questionnaire and field note. This research was done in two cycles by following the four steps; planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. After all of process of the research was done (cycle 1 and cycle 2), the researcher found some research findings. The first result was found from the observation. It showed that the percentage of the researcher's performance in implementing the technique by using English Blog as media in teaching writing in cycle 1 was 69% or belongs to level 'good' and it increased to be 85% or belongs to level 'excellent' in cycle 2. Furthermore, the percentage of the students' activities in cycle 1 was 63% or belongs to level 'fair' and it increased to be 82% or in level 'good' in cycle 2. The second result was found from the students' achievement in writing test. It showed that the average score of the students' writing test in cycle 1 was 60 or in level 'fair' and increased become to 72.33 in cycle 2. The last result was found from the questionnaire and the result showed that the students gave positive response toward the implementation of TTW technique by using English Blog as media in learning writing. It could be proved by the result of questionnaire was 3.48 or belongs to criteria 'agree'. Based on the research finding above, it can be concluded that the research was done successfully. Key words: Writing, Think Talk Write (TTW) Technique, English Blog


Presents a method of using paracentric technology in the learning process of the subject «Physical culture», as well as semester when checking the formation of cultural competence in the discipline of students of 1st year technical direction in the spring semester. In the technology provided for transferring the emphasis from teaching to learning process of the students themselves and their mastering of the experience of self-education under the guidance of a teacher based on the use of developmental teaching methods – heuristic and problem – on lectures and algorithm paracentric technology seminars. With this technology the students most of my time on the seminars, self-study, and the teacher provides assistance to both indirectly and directly.


This study provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of academic mobility on higher education innovation through an empirical study on returned Chinese academics at two research universities in China. Based on data obtained through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with 15 academic returnees, this paper aims to examine the everyday interactions between individual returnees and their environment, with a focus on exploring how different institutional contexts affect returnees' capacity for integration and innovation. It finds that returned academics play an important role in promoting higher education innovation in China through mobilizing their transnational capital and resources. However, their capacity to innovate is largely subject to their working environment. Evidence from the study suggests that differing institutional contexts make a substantial difference to the reintegration experiences of returnees and to their contributions to institutional changes. This paper provides a window into the changing institutional environment in China and the academic lives of returnees there. It also provides important implications for talent policy decisions.


Abstract A three-dimensional Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code model was developed for a 17-km segment of the Mobile River, Alabama, USA. The model external forcing factors include river inflows from upstream, tides from downstream, and atmospheric conditions. The model was calibrated against measured water levels, velocities, and temperatures from 26 April to 29 August 2011. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients for water levels were greater than 0.94 and for water temperatures ranged from 0.88 to 0.99. The calibrated model was extended approximately 13 km upstream for simulating unsteady flow, dye, and temperature distributions in the Mobile River under different upstream inflows and downstream harmonic tides. Velocity profiles and distributions of flow, dye, and temperature at various locations were analyzed and show that flow recirculation could only occur under small inflow (50 m3 s-1) when downstream tides control the flow pattern in the Mobile River. The model results reveal complex interactions among discharges from a power plant, inflows, and tides. Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Associate editor D. Yang


The taxonomic identity of Kadsura matsudae is reevaluated. This taxon is often treated as a synonym of K. japonica , a species known from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. When studying the type materials of K. matsudae , however, we noted that some of its morphological characters, such as the non-contiguous thecae in adjacent stamens, do not fall within the typical variation range of K. japonica . Phylogenetic analysis suggests that although K. matsudae is retrieved within the sect. Kadsura clade, it is not closely related to K. japonica. We therefore propose that K. matsudae should be recognized as a distinct species. Because the protologue of K. matsudae lacks sufficient detail with regards to stamen morphology, which is one of the most important characteristics for identifying the species, we provide an emended description o f K. matsudae based on the holotype specimen and newly collected specimens.


The article explores the representation of young–black men in the 2002 film City of God. The film deploys 'pathological scripts' of Black masculinity in Brazil as criminal and deviant. The controlling image of Black men's bodies as a source of danger and impurity sustains Brazilian regime of racial domination, and the narratives of violence make explicit the ways in which the Brazilian nation is imagined though a racial underpinning. Blackness is consumed as an exotic commodity, yet is also understood as a threat to national harmony. The nation is, then, written and re–imagined as a racial paradise, but mostly by inscribing death on the black body.


Starting in the 1910s and continuing for six decades, about 6 million black Americans left the southern U.S. for better lives. Prompted by discrimination, injustice and oppression, the migrants faced an uncertain future, but one that offered more promise than a life in the Jim Crow South.


Without a stop to control the depth of pene tration of the root canal file in the canal dur ing endodontic treatment, periapical irritation and an overfilled canal that may not be her metically sealed may result. The new stop discussed in this paper and the new point of reference, the floor of the pulp chamber, en able the dentist to use standardized instru ments with greater accuracy, efficiency, and convenience. Successful endodontic treatment demands respect of the periapical tissues during biomechanical in strumentation and a properly prepared canal to receive the filling material. There have been many attempts to develop a stop to control the depth of penetration of the root canal file in the canal. This paper describes a new concept that uses the pulpal floor of the chamber as a point of refer ence and a new stop developed as a result of thig concept. The importance of the root canal instrument stop in endodontics has been well established. Many types are in use today, indicating its im portance and the fact that a stop has not been developed to satisfy most dentists. Root canal stops in use need perfecting be cause they are bulky and cumbersome; adjust ment of the depth of penetration is time-consum ing; the dentist's vision is usually obscured, and his tactile sense is impaired; the predetermined depth may change while the instrument js in use; most root canal stops are expensive; some are difficult to sterilize properly; some can be used only on the anterior teeth, and all root canal stops


We propose the asymptotic method of the integration of linear system of differential equations with a small parameter at a part of derivateves and a turning point.


In the previous study, we reported the antioxidative activity of Equisetum arvense extracts. In this study, its inhibitory effect on elastase and components were investigated. Aglycone fractions obtained from the deglycosylation reaction of ethylacetate fraction among the Equisetum arvense extracts, showed 4 bands and 4 peaks in TLC and HPLC experiments, respectively. Four components were identified as luteolin (composition ratio, 19.12 %), quercetin (12.87), apigenin (15.81) and kaempferol (52.20). TLC chromatogram of ethylacetate fraction of Equisetum arvense extract revealed 7 bands and HPLC chromatogram showed 8 peaks, which were identified as kaempferol-3,7-O-diglucoside (composition ratio, 15.74 %), luteolin-5-O-glucoside (galuteolin, 11.91), apigenin-5-O-glucoside (12.91), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (astragalin, 27.94), quercetin-glycoside (10.81, structure was not determined), kaempferol-glycoside (12.33, structure was not determined), luteolin (3.72) and apigenin (4.62) in the order of elution time. The inhibitory effect of aglycone fraction on elastase (IC50, 9.8 g/mL) was very high. But ethylacetate fraction (flavonoid glycosides) rarely exhibited the inhibitory activity on elastase. Combined with the previous results of the antioxidative activity of Equisetum arvense extracts, it is concluded that the inhibitory activity on elastase of the aglycone fraction could be applicable to new functional cosmetics for smoothing wrinkles.


Objectives
Currently, sphincter-saving procedures are increasingly performed in the treatment of low rectal cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients who underwent intersphincteric resection.

Material and Methods
This was a single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study. We evaluated the electronic data files of 29 patients who had intersphincteric resections at our institute between 2008 and 2018. Bowel function outcomes were assessed prospectively using Wexner incontinence score. Histopathological, surgical and functional outcomes were analyzed.

Results
Mean age of nine female and 20 male patients included in the study was 55.8 ± 12.8 (30-76) years. A tumor-free surgical margin was achieved in all patients. Anastomotic leakage was detected in two patients. Mean Wexner incontinence score of 20 patients who still had functional anastomosis was 8.35, whereas 65% of the patients (n= 13) had a good continence status. There was no relationship between the continence status and sex, tumor distance from anal verge, T stage, distal surgical margin, and lymph node involvement. Twenty-one patients underwent primary coloanal anastomosis and eight patients underwent two-stage coloanal anastomosis.

Conclusion
In the treatment of distal rectal cancer, adequate oncological surgery and relatively acceptable functional outcomes can be obtained with intersphincteric resection technique in suitable patients.


This decoration seems more original than the rest although it is possible that this is a copy, The decoration is related to the Gupta style,


The flow and heat transfer in stratified liquid film falling down a linear heated inclined plate are described by the N-S equations, and the corresponding mathematical models are established. Then the governing equations and their boundary conditions of the small perturbation are derived. The equations are solved by the perturbation method, and then the expression of dispersion relation is obtained and analyzed. At last the effects of different factors on the stability of the film are discussed using numerical simulation. The stratification effect is not obvious, the liquid flow is stable. And the liquid film flow is instability because of linear heating.


The PGCE courses offered in universities and colleges of education face a number of crucial problems at a time when teaching has changed, and is still changing, its character at a tremendous rate.


Exposure to pollutants in the air over a long period of time slowly degrades aluminum stranded conductors steel reinforced (ACSR) of overhead transmission lines. Presently, a large number of ACSR conductors have exceeded their forecast useful life. Therefore, it is required to assess the condition of most conductors to determine an economic maintenance schedule. This paper describes a method for evaluating the current condition of aged conductors based on dominant factors such as years in service, environment index, and conductor configuration. The paper presents a diagnostic tool with a fuzzy inference system (FIS) to predict the deterioration degree corresponding to the lifetime of aged conductors based on experts' knowledge. This system can be used as an effective guide to perform nondestructive diagnosis and maintenance of old ACSR conductors.


The aim of my work summarizes theoretical information concerning localisation algorithms. In the beginning, my work introduces principles of sound propagation in a media, principles necessary for localisation methods comprehension. Next, I describe hardware requirements of acoustic signal processing in detail. Following part of my work deals with localisation methods of acoustic sources. The practical part evaluates algorithm features based on time delay estimation methods and reception characteristics modifications. The last part describes a laboratory experiment that is to acquaint students with the topic.


A key component of the 2011 Australian National Health Reform, via the Access and Equity Policy, is to improve access to quality health services for all Australians including CALD communities. Awareness has been raised that certain CALD communities in Australia experience limited access to health care and services, resulting in poor health outcomes. To address this issue, the Community Navigator Model was developed and implemented in four CALD communities in Logan, Queensland, through a partnership between government and non-government organisations. The model draws on local natural leaders selected by communitymembers who then act as a conduit between the community and health service providers. Nine 'navigators'were selected from communitieswith low service access including the Sudanese, Burmese, Afghan and Pacific Islander communities. The navigators were trained and employed at one of two local nongovernment organisations. The navigators' role included assessing client needs, facilitating health promotion, supporting communitymembers to access health services, supporting general practitioners (GPs) to use interpreters andmaking referrals to health services. This paper explores the 'lived experience' of the navigators using a phenomenological approach. The findings revealed three common themes, namely: (1) commitment to an altruistic attitude of servility allowing limitless community access to their services; (2) becoming knowledge brokers, with a focus on the social determinants of health; and (3) 'walking thewalk' to build capacity and achieving health outcomes for the community. These themes revealed the extent towhich the role ofCALDcommunitynavigators has the potential tomake adifference tohealth equity in these communities, thus contributing to the Australian National Health Reform. Additional keywords: health service access and equity, national health reform, phenomenology, role of community navigators. Received 3 May 2011, accepted 11 August 2011, published online dd mmm yyyy


The holy grail of anticancer therapy is to selectively eradicate malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. Tremendous progresses have been made in this sense during the past decade, as demonstrated by the development and subsequent integration into the clinical routine of ever more effective and safe therapeutic agents.1 Among these, chemical inhibitors of oncogenic drivers such as vemurafenib (an inhibitor of mutated BRAF currently employed for the treatment of melanoma),2,3 and highly specific monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab (an ERBB2-targeting antibody nowadays used for the treatment of several ERBB2+ solid tumors including breast carcinoma)4-6 have contributed to significantly decrease the side effects associated with antineoplastic regimens and, simultaneously, to increase their therapeutic potential.1

Thus, the introduction of targeted anticancer agents has considerably improved the life expectancy of (at least some subsets of) cancer patients. In most cases, however, the therapeutic benefits of this approach are paradoxically limited by its own specificity. Indeed, only a few tumor types, when not a single one, can be successfully treated with a highly specific chemo- or immunotherapy, owing to the restricted expression pattern of the drug target.7,8 Moreover, cancer cells can adapt quite rapidly to a very specific selective pressure, such as that posed by targeted anticancer agents, by downregulating one (or a few) protein(s), a mechanism that also intervenes in the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance.9 Conversely, traditional chemotherapeutics—which are generally employed as a first-line treatment against a variety of tumors—exert antineoplastic effects by targeting functions that are preferentially, but not exclusively, present in tumor cells. As a consequence, these cytotoxic chemicals are frequently associated with mild to moderate adverse reactions in a consistent proportion of patients. The identification of agents that preferentially kill cancer cells remains therefore subject of intense investigation.

The notion that viruses may constitute specific antineoplastic agents is not particularly novel, but oncolytic virotherapy has emerged only recently as an actual therapeutic alternative.10 A large panel of viruses has been tested and genetically engineered in this sense, including (but not limited to) the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the Newcastle disease virus and several distinct adenoviruses.11 Oncolytic viruses mediate antineoplastic effects by preferentially infecting and killing cancer cells while simultaneously activating a tumor-specific immune response.10,11 Early attempts to exploit viruses as antineoplastic agents were not especially promising, as naturally occurring viral strains exhibit a limited selectivity for malignant cells and often result in disseminated infections as they spread to neighbor, non-malignant tissues. The advent of recombinant DNA technology allowed for the genetic engineering of viral strains with improved specificity and immunostimulatory potential.12 HSV was among the first viruses to be characterized and developed for oncolytic virotherapy, owing to the facts that it was genetically well characterized, exhibits an elevated lytic potential and is relatively safe for use in humans. More than ten years ago, Kucharczuk et al. developed a genetically engineered variant of HSV-1, HSV-1716, which is unable to replicate in normal post-mitotic cells owing to the deletion of RL1 (coding for the neurovirulence factor ICP34.5).13 A few years later, BioVex Limited, now part of Amgen, developed a second-generation HSV-1 variant that lacks not only RL1 but also the gene coding for ICP47, another neurovirulence factor that primarily functions to inhibit antigen presentation by infected cells.14 The virus was also engineered to drive the secretion of the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF),14 mainly intended at recruiting immune cells at the site of infection.15

On March 19th, 2013, Amgen announced encouraging results of a Phase III clinical trial testing the antineoplastic activity of this recombinant virus, talimogene laherparepvec, in melanoma patients. In previous Phase I and II clinical trials, the biweekly intratumoral administration of talimogene laherparepvec (formerly known as OncoVEXGM-CSF) to patients with various solid tumors, including unresectable melanoma, was well tolerated.16,17 At the injection site, tumor cell necrosis coupled to a local inflammatory reaction involving the expression of GM-CSF and the recruitment of various immune cells was documented.16 In addition, the administration of talimogene laherparepvec to melanoma patients was associated with an overall response rate, according to the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST), of 26%,17 prompting the initiation of several Phase III clinical studies, including OPTiM (OncoVEXGM-CSF Pivotal Trial in Melanoma, www.clinicaltrial.gov NCT00769704).18

This global, randomized, open-label Phase III trial enrolled more than 400 patients bearing unresectable Stage IIIB, IIIC or IV melanoma to evaluate the safety and therapeutic profile of intratumoral talimogene laherparepvec, as compared with subcutaneous GM-CSF. In a recent press release, Amgen's investigators reported a significant difference in the durable response rate, defined as the rate of complete or partial response lasting continuously for at least six months, between the talimogene laherparepvec and the control arm (16% vs. 2%). Fatigue, chills and fever were the most prominent adverse events. Of note, overall survival data are not yet available, but are expected for the end of 2013.

These results suggest that oncolytic virotherapy may soon become an actual therapeutic option for the clinical management of melanoma. This said, there are several aspects that remain to be clarified for understanding whether oncolytic viruses may also be employed one day to treat other, less immunosensitive tumors. Several studies indicate indeed that the therapeutic effects of oncolytic viruses depend, at least in part, from the elicitation of tumor-specific immune responses.12 In this sense, melanoma (together with renal cell carcinoma) surely constitutes a relatively privileged setting. Further studies will have therefore to elucidate whether oncolytic virotherapy is sufficient to trigger a therapeutic immune response against all types of solid tumors or whether—most likely—combinatorial regimens involving one or several immunostimulatory agents will be required to fully exploit the antineoplastic potential of oncolytic viruses.


Motion compensation (MC) is a critical component in terms of computational complexity and memory bandwidth. The MC complexity of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) for UHD contents significantly increased more than that of AVC/H.264. This paper reveals and analyzes a feature of generalized P and B pictures in HEVC and introduces a simple and effective method for MC complexity reduction that can be exploited at both the encoder and decoder without affecting the compression performance. The proposed method bypasses the \(L1\) interpolation process when the \(L0\) and \(L1\) motion information of a bipredicted block are identical. The simulation results show that the time reductions of 14.5% and 6.4% for the encoder and decoder, respectively, were achieved for LD-B configuration without any changes in coding results. The proposed method was adopted in the HEVC test model as a non-normative complexity reduction tool.


This paper discusses key technologies specific for fifth generation (5G) cellular systems which are expected to connect internet of things (IoT) based vertical sectors. Because services for 5G will be expanded drastically, from information transfer services to mission critical and massive connection IoT connection services for vertical sectors, and requirement for cellular systems becomes quite different compared to that of fourth generation (4G) systems, after explanation for the service and technical trends for 5G, key wireless access technologies will be discussed, especially, from the view point of what is new and how import. In addition to the introduction of new technologies for wireless access, flexibility of networking is also discussed because it can cope with QoS support services, especially to cope with end-to-end latency constraint conditions. Therefore, this paper also discuss flexible network configuration using mobile edge computing (MEC) based on software defined network (SDN) and network slicing. key words: 5G cellular systems, massive MIMO, mobile edge computing, IoT, enhanced mobile broadband service


OBJECTIVE To study separation and purification methods of total flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones which from Ginkgo Biloba P.E.METHODS In methods of flash silica gel column chromatography separation,different polar organic solvents with different polar from weak to strong is used to elution and track testing,then screening out the amount of solvents and eluent with which we can separate Ginkgo flavonoids and terpene lactones which from Ginkgo Biloba P.E efficiently.RESULTS This method can be used to separate Ginkgo flavonoids and terpene lactones efficiently,and the content loss is minimum in the separation process.CONCLUSION This method was a new way to further purify Ginkgo flavonoids and terpene lactones separately.


To be in-between and to be bewildered to which country to belong is what the main character of Saud AlSanousi's Bamboo Stalk (2013) suffers from. In this novel, the main character is the son of a Kuwaiti father and a Filipina. Being confused to which country to belong shakes the basis for one's own identity and belonging. Al-Sanousi reflects the dramatic identity crisis and the bitter internal and external conflict by aggravating the obsession of belonging from inside to the outside and vice versa. To resolve his inner conflict, the main character decides to embrace the two identities together. This paper examines the significance of hybridity in the modern world. Unlike the concepts of diaspora and multiculturalism, Hybridity is paramount as it promotes togetherness-in-difference rather than disintegration and discrimination.


Abstract The corrosion of 99·997% aluminium by 0·1 N-sodium fluoride and chloride has been examined in the presence of air over the pH range 2—13. When a solution of either salt was saturated with aluminium oxide, corrosion was arrested.Under anaerobic conditions, 0·1 N-sodium fluoride attacked the air-formed oxide film and corrosion was rapid, in contrast no corrosion was observed in 0·1 N-sodium chloride solution.


To raise the awareness of resistance to thyroid hormone complicated with Graves' disease by analyzing the clinical features and management of a patient with resistance to thyroid hormone complicated with Graves' disease. One case of resistance to thyroid hormone complicated with Graves' disease in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed, including clinical feature, laboratory findings, treatment, and follow-up. All the data and pertinent literatures were reviewed and analyzed. Free thyroxine(FT4)and free triiodothyronine(FT3)levels are elevated and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)level is normal or mildly elevated, accompanied by thyroid enlargement. Thyroid receptor β gene mutation exists in most thyroid hormone resistance syndrome but does not exist in a few others, its molecular etiology is unclear. The disease of resistance to thyroid hormone complicated with Graves' disease has the symptoms of both disorders, normal thyroid function is hardly achieved by treatment. Oral medicine therapy is the first choice while radioactive iodine and surgery are not recommended, and the objectives should be set according to clinical manifestations and thyroid function individually. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2016, 32: 224-226)

Key words:
Thyroid hormone resistance; Graves' disease; Thyroid hormone receptor β; Genetic mutation


To develop and sustain our societies, we need reliable access to minerals and raw materials, energy and water. With an increasing World population and emerging economies in underdeveloped parts of the World, the pressure for more natural resources will continue to rise. A good knowledge of geological resources is therefore essential for our future development. With increased urbanization and future global climatic changes, we need to better understand the human impacts on the environment, both on global and local scales. On long term the availability of geological resources and living space to house our populations are limited. Therefore, building the societies for Homo sapiens futurensis challenges us to have a holistic and international perspective of the natural resources and the environment. The present paper gives examples of how some of the key questions and challenges are addressed by the Nordic geological surveys.


Quality monitoring of assessment practices should be a priority in all residency programs. Validity evidence is one of the main hallmarks of assessment quality and should be collected to support the interpretation and use of assessment data. Our objective was to identify, synthesize, and present the validity evidence reported supporting different technical skill assessment tools in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OTL–HNS).


Fetal stroke is a rare disease that occurs between 14 weeks of gestation and the onset of labor and can be caused by ischemic, thrombotic or hemorrhagic injury produced during pregnancy. One of the maternal conditions associated with fetal stroke is alloimmune thrombocytopenia. This needs to be differentiated from autoimmune thrombocytopenia, a condition in which mothers are previously affected. The neurological consequences of the fetal brain injury may be delayed neurological milestones, cognitive impairment, epilepsy and cortical blindness. Magnetic resonance represents the best diagnostic method to reveal prenatal brain injury


Background: The alarming rise in the obesity epidemic and growing concern for the pathologic consequences of the metabolic syndrome warrant great need for development of obesity-related pharmacotherapeutics. The search for such therapeutics is severely limited by the slow throughput of animal models of obesity. Amenable to placement into a 96 well plate, zebrafish larvae have emerged as one of the highest throughput vertebrate model organisms for performing small molecule screens. A method for visually identifying non-toxic molecular effectors of fat metabolism using a live transparent vertebrate was developed. Given that increased levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) via deletion of CD38 have been shown to prevent high fat diet induced obesity in mice in a SIRT-1 dependent fashion we explored the possibility of directly applying NAD to zebrafish.


Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is a multicategory entity that may cause substantial visual loss due to the formation of a macular hole or traction-induced tissue distortion. We report a remarkable case of spontaneous resolution of VMT in a 76-year-old caucasian female who presented a reduction visual acuity in one eye and a macular hole stage IV with margins edema in the other eye. The patient denied any treatment and was followed over time with optical coherence tomography (OCT) which showed the evolution of the vitreomacular adhesion and then the subsequent spontaneous detachment with a complete visual acuity recovery. Therefore the therapeutic decision must be guided from the evaluation of the visual acuity, fundus appearance and OCT performed over time. This case report demonstrates how the same macular traction has led to two different outcomes in the two eyes at different times and ways; not always the course of an eye is the same in the other eye.


ABSTRACT Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is a retinopathy caused by mutations in the bestrophin-1 protein, which is thought to function as a Ca2+-gated Cl− channel in the basolateral surface of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Using a stably transfected polarised epithelial cell model, we show that four ARB mutant bestrophin-1 proteins were mislocalised and subjected to proteasomal degradation. In contrast to the wild-type bestrophin-1, each of the four mutant proteins also failed to conduct Cl− ions in transiently transfected cells as determined by whole-cell patch clamp. We demonstrate that a combination of two clinically approved drugs, bortezomib and 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA), successfully restored the expression and localisation of all four ARB mutant bestrophin-1 proteins. Importantly, the Cl− conductance function of each of the mutant bestrophin-1 proteins was fully restored to that of wild-type bestrophin-1 by treatment of cells with 4PBA alone. The functional rescue achieved with 4PBA is significant because it suggests that this drug, which is already approved for long-term use in infants and adults, might represent a promising therapy for the treatment of ARB and other bestrophinopathies resulting from missense mutations in BEST1. Summary: Chemical chaperone 4PBA fully restores Cl− conductance activity for mutant bestrophin-1 proteins associated with inherited retinal dystrophy, autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy.


A new sesquiterpenoid,named baimuxifuranic acid,has been isolated from the volatile oil of Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.belonging to the family Thymelaceae by silica gel column chromatography.Based on spectral analysis its structure was deduced as(1).Reduction of baimuxifuranic acid by LiAlH_4 gave a


The influence of Co and Cu doping on Ni-Mn-Ga alloy is investigated using the different ab initio methods for description of chemical disorder. The exact muffin-tin orbital method in combination with the coherent-potential approximation provides almost identical profiles of total energies along the tetragonal deformation path compared to the supercell approach used within the projector-augmented wave method. On the other hand, the simple virtual crystal approximation exhibits different results and thus it is not able to describe doping in Ni-Mn-Ga alloy properly.


In a smartphone-driven world, a sound mobile strategy is imperative for SMEs. Plans must include a mobile-friendly site and social media marketing activities. Learn more.


ABSTRACT Estimating yield is a major challenge for the majority of agricultural crops. With the advancement of field technologies however, especially those related to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or Drones, the quality of available information has increased, making it possible to overcome technological bottlenecks. However, drone technologies have advanced much faster than studies dealing with the treatment and analysis of information, which can represent an obstacle to the complete adoption of such technologies in sugarcane fields. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential for UAV images to assess the degree of canopy closure from different planting approaches and row-spacing treatments applied to sugarcane crop, in order to assess the potential of these tools to predict crop yield. The vegetative growth of the crop was evaluated and the images were obtained at the point of maximum tillering and the inflection point of the biomass accumulation curve. The evaluations included the index; LAI (Leaf Area Index) and GRVI (Green-Red Vegetation Index) obtained by field sensor and UAV, respectively. Because the images from UAV cover the total area, the results revealed that GRVI appears to be much better able to reflect the whole condition of the crop yield (R2 = 0.69) in the field when compared to LAI (R2 = 0.34); demonstrated convincingly by the high spatial resolution capacity of the technology. When integrated, these two indices were able to improve yield estimates by 10% (R2 = 0.79). Images obtained using UAV can represent a low-cost tool for obtaining high-precision remote data that can be used to estimate the agricultural yield of sugarcane fields; and in this way are an effective tool to aid decision making by growers.


There are many types of inquiry activities out there: Demonstrations, guided or scaffolded inquiry labs, open- or free-inquiry labs, and problem-based or project-based learning activities are all staples in science education (Trowbridge and Bybee 1996). The importance of inquiry is highlighted in such documents as the National Science Education Standards (NRC 1996) and the Benchmarks for Science Literacy (AAAS 1993) as well as in many state performance standards (GaDOE 2005). Inquiry activities are important because they facilitate students' understanding of science concepts and expose them to process skills such as observing, measuring, classifying, testing, and predicting. In using these skills, students can develop those habits that characterize the scientific community (Cothron, Giese, and Rezba 2000). [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Professional literature describes many studies in which inquiry activities are used to engage students (Carriere and Abouaf 1997), yet there seems to be a lack of research into perspectives on project work. This article provides a closer look at their students' perspectives on an authentic research project in which they are given the freedom and responsibility to identify a problem, develop and implement a manner of testing the problem, and reach conclusions based on relevant data and subsequent analysis. The study This qualitative study followed 14 students through a local science and engineering fair project to gain insight into their perspectives on research. Data were collected through a written, open-ended survey, audiotaped and transcribed individual interviews, transcripts from a blog set up for the participants, and a final group interview (also audiotaped and transcribed). After data were collected and coded, student comments were grouped into categories or main ideas. As with qualitative studies, these summary ideas should not be projected to a larger group or the general population but rather provide grounds for further exploration. The following sections describe these summary ideas. Reluctance Generally, students were reluctant to complete a project for the fair. One student, for example, commented: "Glorified science experiment ... graded heavily on tiny details ... little to no relevance to actual science." Students reported that other activities--such as sports, family obligations, jobs, and socializing--were higher than academics on their priority lists. This might be especially true for first-time science fair participants. As teachers, we are all too familiar with the myriad of things that take priority in students' lives; we simply have to treat this like any other extended project and encourage students as they work. Difficulty in topic selection For the students in this study, choosing a suitable research topic was the most difficult aspect of the process. A couple of comments captured the sentiment of most students: "The toughest part is determining the study and how to do it," and "The toughest part was picking a topic; then there was time management." As students struggled to come up with what they thought was a worthwhile topic, many opted to use ideas they found on the internet. One student, comfortable enough with his decision, said: "Got the topic off the internet, because [my partner and I] couldn't come up with an idea." (Note: For suggestions on choosing a research topic, see the LaBanca article on p. 48 of this issue.) Once students selected their topics, the second most difficult aspect was developing and implementing a study that would provide insight and help answer their research questions. Time management was mentioned in passing throughout the data collection: In retrospect, students thought they could have managed their time better. Ownership Once students had negotiated their way through topic selection and study design, the work became a bit easier, and they could focus on implementing their plans. …


The paper describes a new approach to processor construction, which combines a general purpose processor and a program reconfigurable device, as well as its implementation in digital signal processing applications. Significant flexibility and adaptability of such a processor is obtained through the possibility of varying the components of the processor architecture. A simple change of architecture enables easy adaptation to various applications in which such processors are used. Furthermore, to achieve even greater functionality, a dynamic adjustment of the processor is enabled, by enabling the change of function of individual processor components without the need to turn the processor off. The functionality change itself is conducted in such a way that it is made in a single clock, which allows for a great flexibility of the processor, increases the functionality and enables simple implementation in various applications. Such processor architecture is broadly used in embedded computer systems for various multimedia, encryption and digital signal applications.


High-temperature stable defect complexes in 6H-SiC crystals created by heavy neutron irradiation and following high-temperature annealing have been discovered by electron paramagnetic resonance. After thermal annealing at 1500 °C at least five new axially symmetric centres with electron spin S = 1/2 and S = 1 were shown to arise in 6H-SiC crystals. The striking feature of all discovered centres is a strong hyperfine interaction with a great number (up to 12) of equivalent host Si (C) atoms. Two models, a four-vacancy complex VSi–3VC, and a split-interstitial antisite (C2)Si or a pair of two antisites (C2)Si–SiC are discussed. As a result of multi-defect cluster decay new triplet centres labelled as N-V have been observed in 1900 °C annealed 6H-SiC crystals which were concluded to consist of silicon vacancy and carbon substitutional nitrogen in the adjacent lattice cites oriented along the c-axis. The parameters of these centres are similar to those for the well-known N-V centre in diamond.


A double-layer detector consisting of a pyroelectric layer and a thin photoconductive layer is presented. The expressions for the responsivity and the NEP of the pyroelectric layer are given. The responsivity and NEP of the pyroelectric layer are computed as functions of the detector thickness and the operating frequency.


Small cyclic loads, superimposed on a static load, will significantly increase settlement rates of friction piles embedded in frozen ground. An experimental study involving model steel piles with controlled surface geometry (lug size, shape, and spacing) provides information on displacement mechanisms operating at the pile/frozen-sand interface. Settlement rates due to static and incremental static loads are analyzed and compared to rate increases resulting from superimposed cyclic loads. Variables controlled during these tests include cyclic load amplitude, load application frequency, static load magnitudes, pile surface roughness, sand density, ice fraction, and sand particle size. Typically, a small static load increase of magnitude \IX\N produces a displacement rate increase corresponding to a cyclic load with amplitude of 1.4\IX\N. Measured creep rates are independent of frequency of 0.1–10 Hz. Larger lugs (more than twice the maximum particle size) densify and partially crush sand particles at their leading edge. The onset of increasing pile displacement rates (tertiary creep or failure) is shown to be a function of lug height and spacing.


This working paper analyses temporary agency work in France, focusing both on the regulatory framework of the sector, and on the characteristics of firms and employees. The growth of the sector over the last 15 years has favoured the concentration of the big firms, but the smallest agencies have not disappeared, which results in an increased segmentation. Such a characteristic can also be identified at the level of the workers' profiles : a segment of qualified and specialized temporary workers has emerged, but the large majority of agency workers remain in the industrial sector, where it is used as a flexibility tool. Globally temporary agency work remains characterized by low income (given discontinuities between the missions, or part time work), hard working conditions, and a limited access to training (with a majority of very short training sessions). However the analysis of some low wage sectors, like hotels and restaurants, or food industry, reveals that temporary agency work is challenged by other types of flexible contracts that offer a lower level of protection for workers.


Using wavelet and bat algorithm to study the damage identification of frame structure.Firstly, solving the curvature mode of the damaged structure by finite element analysis. Secondly, by using continuous wavelet transform, the curvature mode is processed to obtain the wavelet coefficient figure. The damage position of the structure was identified by the position point of the maximum modulus in the wavelet coefficient figure.Finally, constructing the objective function based on the frequency and mode shape of the structure and using the bat algorithm to solve the objective function, the degree of structural damage is obtained.A two-stage structural damage identification method based on wavelet and bat algorithm was established. Using this method to analyze one - floor one - span and two - floor two - span frame structure.The results showed that the combination of wavelet and bat algorithm could effectively identify the damage location and damage degree of the structure.


In Response: We agree that measuring the pressure at the inflow channel may give a more reliable assessment of increased ICP. However, wherever the ICP is measured, it is the perfusion pressure that determines the brain perfusion. That is why knowledge of the MAP is crucial. Also, the onset of a Cushing reflex will always alert when ischemia occurs, for which invasive blood pressure monitoring is indispensable. Although most third ventriculostomies will be a rather straightforward procedure with minimal bleeding, this can never be foreseen. In any case, major bleeding can occur, necessitating intensive flushing. In these rare cases, it is crucial to have both precise knowledge of the perfusion pressure, to be able to allow increased flushing rates in a controlled manner, and fast assessment of hemodynamic changes, to detect the onset of a Cushing reflex. For both of these, invasive blood pressure measurement is essential.


To the Editor.— Rudolf Baer and his co-workers performed a valuable service for their fellow dermatologists in documenting the safety and efficacy of high-dose tetracycline therapy in severe acne (112:479, 1976). Their paper should eliminate a major side effect of using more than 1 gm of tetracycline a day in treating acne— the raised eyebrows and negative comments of one's nondermatologist medical colleagues! As one (among many dermatologists) who frequently employs more than 1 gm of tetracycline a day in acne, I concur with their conclusions as to the efficacy of the drug and the paucity of side effects with high-dose tetracycline—with one exception. In regard to photosensitivity, my experience with high-dose tetracycline therapy differs markedly from that of my New York colleagues. Probably, this is a consequence of the much touted California sunshine; but in this area, photosensitivity with higher dosages of tetracycline are often troublesome. Not only are


Examining the metaphoric base of dominant current theories of memory enables clarification of views about the self which such theories entail. When the need for memories is examined in its contextual richness a different view of the self arises. Beings participating in mutual inter‐relationships with an environment do not need memories. Instead they are involved in remembering as part of their continual adaptation within that environment.


This paper describes algorithms for the exact symbolic computation of period integrals on moduli spaces $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$ of curves of genus $0$ with $n$ ordered marked points, and applications to the computation of Feynman integrals.


In this paper,the structural insulation concrete of grade LC20 was prepared.In this kind of concrete,the cement of grade P.O.42.5 was used as the main cementing material,the shale pottery and shale haydite were added as the light aggregate,and the fly slag and silica fume were added as the auxiliary cementing material with composite additive and polypropylene fiber.With this ratio,the fluidity,homogeneity,stability and water-retaining property of concrete were improved and the contractility was decreased.The structural insulation concrete was of proper performance of strength and insulation so that it could satisfy the requirements of constructional column,ring beam and frame of self heat-insulation load-bearing wall which made of autoclaved aerated concrete block.


Vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) may play role in altering host defence against Mtb via cathelicidin production and regulating nitric oxide (NO) production through inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). 100 active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients, 75 household contacts and 70 healthy controls were recruited. Serum Vitamin D and NO levels were measured using CLIA and colorimetry based kit respectively. VDR and iNOS mRNA was studied in monocytes using qPCR. Serum VDR, cathelicidin and iNOS levels were measured using ELISA. Lower serum levels of vitamin D was found in PTB group compared to household contacts and healthy controls (P<0.001). VDR (both mRNA and protein) and iNOS mRNA levels were also lower in PTB group compared to household contacts and healthy controls (P<0.005)probably due to decreased levels of vitamin D. However, despite low serum vitamin D, serum cathelicidin levels were higher in PTB group compared to household contacts and healthy controls (p<0.01) which could be attributed to direct trigger via toll like receptors where Mtb is multiplying actively. Serum iNOS and NO levels were higher in PTB group compared to household contacts and healthy controls (p< 0.05), despite decreased iNOS expression which needs further evaluation. Increased VDR and iNOS expression in household contacts compared to both PTB and healthy controls could be due to optimum levels of vitamin D along with some exposure to Mtb as evident by increased levels of cathelicidin and NO compared to healthy controls. Adequate levels of vitamin D, VDR and iNOS that in turn promote production of antimicrobial cathelicidin and NO might have protective role against TB among household contacts and needs further investigation for its therapeutic potential.


Background: Accumulation of studying the oxygen (O2) response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should provide important clues to the pathophysiology of exertional dyspnea. We investigated the exercise responses of hyperoxia on the dyspnea profile, as well as cardio-pulmonary, acidotic and sympathetic parameters in 35 patients with stable COPD. Methods: The patients breathed 24% O2 or compressed air (CA) in random order during two incremental cycle exercise tests. Results: The PaO2 and PaCO2 values were higher (P Conclusion: Regardless of breathing CA or hyperoxia, COPD patients did not develop ventilatory compensation for the exertional acidosis to stop exercise, resulting in reaching a similar pH. During a standardized exercise phase, hyperoxia did not change the pattern of exertional dyspnea while breathing CA in these patients, although hyperoxia exerted miscellaneous effects.


Successful arterial revascularization using the internal thoracic artery is dependent on unobstructed inflow through the subclavian artery. Systematic physical examination should discover subclavian stenosis; however, simple routine injection into the orifice of the subclavian artery during the diagnostic catheterization may avoid a catastrophic outcome. (Int J Cardiovasc Intervent 2003; 5: 81-83)


Objective To research and analyze the application value of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection(ESTD) in treating early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods 7 patients with early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions were detected by endoscopy and endoscopic ultrosonography,both cases were treated by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection.Results 7 lesions were all cut integrity,the diameter of lesions were between 2.0 to 4.0 cm.Operation time were 37~110 min.The base and edge of specimen had no residual lesion by pathological detect.4 case bleed in operation.No delayed hemorrhage and perforation.Re-examination 3 month later presented there were no recurrence.Conclusion ESTD is a fast,security,simple method in treating the early cancerous dosaes.


the light beyond the forest the quest for the holy grail is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the the light beyond the forest the quest for the holy grail is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out genetic screens are powerful approaches to unravel new regulators of viral infections. Here, we took advantage of the ability of interferon (IFN) to restrict HIV-1 infection, in order to create an environment hostile to replication and reveal new inhibitors through a CRISPR screen. This approach led to the identification of the RNA helicase DDX42 as an intrinsic inhibitor of HIV-1. Depletion of endogenous DDX42 increased HIV-1 DNA accumulation and infection in several human cell lines and primary cells, irrespectively of IFN treatment. DDX42 overexpression inhibited HIV-1, whereas a dominant-negative mutant of DDX42 increased infection. Importantly, DDX42 restricted retrotransposition of long interspersed elements-1 (LINE-1), infection with other retroviruses and positive-strand RNA viruses, including Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, DDX42 did not inhibit infection with negative-strand RNA viruses such as influenza A virus (IAV), arguing against a general, unspecific effect on target cells. In line with this, RNA-seq analysis did not reveal changes upon DDX42 depletion that could explain the observed phenotypes. Proximity ligation assays showed that DDX42 was found in the vicinity of viral elements during infection, and RNA immunoprecipitation confirmed DDX42 interaction with RNAs from LINE-1, CHIKV and SARS-CoV-2, but not IAV. This strongly suggested a direct mode of action of DDX42 on viral ribonucleoprotein complexes. Taken together, our results identify DDX42 as a new, broadly active intrinsic antiviral inhibitor.


This final report is maked to complete one of the rules in finished the Diploma of III education program in Business Administration program in State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya. The tittle of this final report is "Analysis Break Even Point as the methode of planning in profit on Toko Karya Ibu Palembang (Case Study on Uniform Store". This company is one of the company that active in printing sector. Based on the data from observation and interview, the writer finds the problems is that the company haven't done classification fixed cost and variable cost so the company haven't done the calculation of analysis break even point and the company doesn't know the boundaries of pemissible minimum sales or margin of safety. This matter make the company can't do the planning of profit. Based on the analysis, the writer suggested that the company can use the analysis break even point and margin of safety as the methode in profit so the management can take the right decision for the development of the company in the future.
Keywords : costs classification, break even point, the margin of safety


SUMMARY Nowadays, the installed power capacity of Itaipu Power Plant is 14.000 MW, with a energy production around 90.000 GWh per year. This amount of energy makes the plant responsible for the supplying about 23% of Brazil and 90% of Paraguay electricity markets. Another parameter gives an idea of the dimension of the involved systems: only 6% of the energy generated in the plant is supplied to Paraguay, the others 94% is supplied to Brazil.


This paper presented a concept of DC active power filter( DC-APF) based on analyzing the instantaneous power,average power and power factor in the DC grid. The DC-APF includes the parallel type,series type and series-parallel type,etc. Then the paper proposed and analyzed the circuit topologies and the working principles of two kinds of DC-APF: the general type,which can compensate the harmonic currents and reactive currents; the correction type,which can track the DC voltage. On the basis of the aforementioned analysis, comprehensive simulation analysis in terms of the double bridge half controlled DC-APF of the correction type was built by using Matlab / Simulink. The simulation results prove that the circuit topologies and work principles of the proposed DC-APF are correct and feasible.


Maintaining competitive ability with a growing number of product variants and shorter product life cycles requires new logistic strategies. The Just-in-Time-concept has the goal to adjust the activities of the value adding process closer to the market requirements and to meet the request of higher flexibility without increasing the current assets


A general theoretical treatment of spectral line broadening of gas molecules is given using a resolvent operator formalism in Liouville space. The methods introduced previously by Mead for treating resonance broadening in monatomic gases are developed and generalized here for molecular spectral lines. The basic equation relating the susceptibility to resolvent operator matrix elements is derived here for the case of a molecular gas and takes into account the rotational-vibrational structure of the spectra and the presence of complicated molecular interactions.


There is a lot of hype about prefabricated architecture. It has become the "Holy Grail" that students want to learn, and the environmentally sustainable methodology that many clients want to build. Scores of designers are promising high design, near instantaneous construction, and rock-bottom prices, which is rather skewed. This typology has a rich history that can teach us a great amount about construction processes, marketing and how the potential of mass customization plays into contemporary culture. Many feel that prefabricated construction is the way that we will all build in the future.


species (71‐185 bp). The sequence similarity between the Em-like proteins are present in dry seeds of several species introns of the BnEm6 and AtEm6 genes was calculated to be playing a role in the desiccation tolerance of the embryo. A 68% and no significant sequence similarities were detected novel Em gene (BnEm6 )o fBrassica napus was identified with the introns of any other Em gene. Strong sequence using a PCR-walking method. BnEm6 shares high amino acid homology was also detected at the DNA level between the sequence identity with other known Em proteins and a similar AtEm6 and BnEm6 genes in the 5ae untranslated sequence, pattern of expression. with long stretches of sequence identity, which included some putative regulatory elements. For example, at position '110


Objective. To describe the different prenatal sonographic findings in 3 cases of omphalocele‐exstrophy‐imperforate anus‐spinal defects (OEIS) complex, or cloacal exstrophy. Methods. Three patients with OEIS complex were examined by sonography. In 2 (cases 2 and 3) of the 3 cases, color Doppler sonography was applied to the area of cord insertion and the abdominal mass to determine the origin of the abdominal mass. Results. Three cases of OEIS complex with different sonographic appearances are included in this series. An absent bladder without an abdominal mass but with bowel floating in the amniotic cavity was revealed in case 1; an absent bladder with a lower anterior abdominal mass was found in the second trimester in case 2; and a large cystlike mass located in the anterior abdominal wall was found in case 3. Color Doppler imaging showed that the abdominal mass originated from the urinary bladder in cases 2 and 3; therefore, OEIS complex was presumptively diagnosed antenatally in these cases. In all cases, OEIS complex was confirmed postnatally. Conclusions. Omphalocele‐exstrophy‐imperforate anus‐spinal defects complex should be considered in patients with an absent bladder combined with either an anterior abdominal wall mass or defects. Special attention should be given to search for other combined anomalies. We suggest that color Doppler sonography for identifying the perivesical umbilical arteries is a very useful method in establishing of the diagnosis of OEIS complex.


The advantages of both grey clustering method and fuzzy ISODATA method were analyzed and colligated. First, the decision-making evaluation results of uncertainty system with small sample were acquired with grey clustering method. Then, applying the fuzzy ISODATA model to learn and revise the results of above grey clustering, an optimal fuzzy classification could be produced through iterative operation. A cluster center matrix also could be obtained which could be used to achieve automatic decision-making evaluation on new samples. The model would be verified with classification coefficient and average fuzzy entropy. Considering the characteristics of urban road traffic and according to the national ambient air quality standards, the experimental sample data of city road traffic pollutants were normalized. The evaluation matrix of air pollution condition of road traffic was got and the credibility of the results of evaluation model would be further enhanced. The entropy theory was used to verify the system model. Concluding remarks summarized the work and analyzed further studies.


Sibutramine is a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor which has been used for weight loss in obese patients. There are slimming products on the market claiming to be 'natural' which never...


Through discussing the main factors of impacting the capacity of the Intrinsically Safe Circuit ignited,and using neural network to construct a predicting model,and verified the model by some actual test data and verification data,and achieved the desired results,so that established the basic research for the realization of judgment intrinsically safe circuit by computer.


Most popular website for free Books. Platform is a high quality resource for free Books books.Here is the websites where you can free books download. You can easily search by the title, author and subject.Platform is a volunteer effort to create and share e-books online. No registration or fee is required, and books are available in ePub, Kindle, HTML and simple text formats.The deeharga.com is home to thousands of free audiobooks, including classics and out-of-print books. No registration or fee is required, and books are available in ePub, Kindle, HTML and simple text formats.


Multiple version optimistic concurrency control protocol (MVOCC) is presented. The protocol can eliminate conflicts between read-only and update transactions and resolve data conflicts flexibly using dynamic adjustment of serialization order to avoid unnecessary transactions restarts. The results of experiment show that the protocol performs better than optimistic concurrency control protocol (OCC) and timestamp order protocol (TO).


8519 Background: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in stage IB (pT2aN0) and IIA (pT2bN0) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently unclear. Existing guideline recommendations are inconsistent, ranging from all tumors >4 cm, to any patient with "high-risk features" (visceral pleural invasion (VPI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), high grade, or sublobar resection). We used the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to clarify the role of AC in pT2N0 patients. Methods: The NCDB was queried for treatment-naïve, post-R0 resection, pT2N0 (AJCC 8th edition) NSCLC patients between 2010 & 2014. Patients treated with single-agent AC were excluded. Survival was calculated from 30 days after surgery to minimize immortal time bias. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between AC and survival across tumor sizes (T2a: 3-4 cm and T2b: 4-5 cm to reflect guideline stratifications) and risk features. Results: Of the 10,127 patients identified, 1,856 (18%) received multi-agent AC. AC patients tended to be younger (median age 64 vs 70 yrs, p<0.001), privately insured (40% vs 24%, p<0.001), treated at a non-academic center (71% vs 66%, p<0.001), and comorbidities-free (53% vs 48%, p<0.001). In T2a patients (N=6,699), AC was not significantly associated with a mortality reduction, regardless of the presence of any high-risk features. In T2b patients (N=3,428), AC (N=931, 27%) was associated with a lower mortality (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.9, p=0.001). However, in the absence of any high-risk features (N=1414, 41% of the 4-5 cm cohort), AC was not significantly associated with survival benefit (Table). Conclusions: The presence of high-risk features does not appear to support the guideline recommendations regarding the use of AC in stage IB patients with 3-4 cm tumors. On the other hand, the benefit of AC for 4-5 cm tumors may be limited to patients with at least one high-risk feature. [Table: see text]


Art Forum presented by Jennifer Turpin and Prof. E. Rubenstein.
Jennifer Turpin discusses her work with water. Prof. Rubenstein discusses photography as part of art history


Abstract A verification study of wind accuracy is presented for wind nowcasts generated by augmenting Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) wind forecasts with near-real-time aircraft reports using the Integrated Terminal Weather System (ITWS) gridded winds algorithm. Aircraft wind reports collected between the end of the RUC data collection interval and the time each RUC forecasts is valid are available for use in augmenting the RUC wind forecast to form a wind nowcast. The 60-km resolution, hourly RUC-1 wind forecasts are used. ITWS-based nowcast wind errors and RUC forecast wind errors are examined statistically over a 1-yr dataset. The addition of the recent aircraft reports significantly reduces the rms vector error and the 90th percentile vector error. Also reduced is the number of hours of sustained large errors and the correlation among errors. The errors increase with increasing wind speed, in part due to an underestimation of wind speed that increases with increasing wind speed. The errors in the augmented w...


The work of Stockard in varying the normal environment of developing eggs with resulting malformations suggested carrying out similar experiments on a warm blooded animal, such as the chick. The eggs were placed in an incubator for 16 to 18 hours prior to operation. A piece of shell was removed, and in some instances 3 drops of 1/1000 solution of 95% alcohol were added to the side of the embryo, in others, 3 drops of normal saline (both at room and incubator temperatures), while a few eggs were carried along as controls. At various times, chiefly 48 and 72 hours later, the eggs were reopened and where embryos existed, they were fixed. Photographs were made and then the specimens were sectioned. The control eggs showed no abnormality. Results: Total eggs treated with saline—–18 Total eggs treated with alcohol—–27 Of these 5 were completed for microscopic study; of them all fail to show a pituitary gland; 4 showed optic defects; 2 showed failure of closure of the head folds and in one no olfactory pits appeared. It made no apparent difference in the results whether the environment was changed with weak alcohol or normal saline solution. The treated embryos exhibited malformations of the nervous system. The abnormalities were chiefly (1) an absence of the pituitary gland, (2) in some an absence of an eye, (3) failure of the head folds to close, (4) in one, an absence of the olfactory pits.


The paper describes mathematical model and control algorithm for hexa-copter flying machine. Hexa-copter is a member of multi-rotor flying devices which consist of multiple fixed rotors attached to a simple mechanical construction. Hexa-copter itself consists of 6 six rotors with fixed pitch blades. The main property of such devices is their instability. Thus the control algorithm is non-trivial and its tuning is relatively difficult. Since incorrectly tuned control algorithm can cause device damage the use of mathematical model for testing is appropriate. The model of flying hexa-copter is derived using classical Newton laws. As the perfect model would be complicated, some approximations have been done. Using the state variables of model and linearization a control algorithm is designed. Then the results of control algorithm are presented.


We report significant enhancement of THz radiation from InAs under magnetic field irradiated with femtosecond pulses. The THz-radiation power is significantly enhanced and reaches sub-mW level in a 1.7-T magnetic field with 1.5-W excitation power. The THz-radiation power is related almost quadratically both to the magnetic field and excitation laser power. Furthermore, the radiation spectrum is found to be controlled by the excitation pulsewidth, chirp direction of the excitation pulse, and the magnetic field. Additionally, we have demonstrated a new method to generate THz radiation from a saturable Bragg reflector in a magnetic field.


ABSTRACT Since 1888, when Parinaud first described this form of conjunctivitis, very few instances have been reported. It was my good fortune to study such a case.REPORT OF CASE An American school girl, aged 13 years, came to the office, Nov. 22, 1923, with a swelling of the left upper eyelid and the left side of the face which had been present for the past three weeks. The condition started about four weeks previously as a "cold in the left eye," characterized by redness of the conjunctiva, tearing, and the adhesion of the lids by a purulent discharge in the morning. In a few days, this acute inflammatory condition of the left eye subsided, but the upper lid began to swell, and continued to do so until the ptosis interfered with vision. One week after the swelling in the lid began, a swelling started in the left preauricular region, which


Abstract We performed a pilot study to determine whether camera traps were an effective means for establishing a baseline of species richness, distribution, and abundance at a state natural area in San Antonio, Texas, that has never undergone a full wildlife census. We measured 1,714 trap events and 18 wildlife species. We calculated low species diversity and evenness; and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), coyote (Canis latrans), and gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) were the most abundant species. However, the invasive exotic feral pig (Sus scrofa) was also recorded in high densities. The results of this camera study illustrate the ease with which camera traps can be used to collect baseline data, by undergraduate students in the case of this study, which can provide vital field-based research experiences for students and produce much needed wildlife occurrence data for federal or state agencies in designing management plans for species of concern, such as the feral pig, or for threatened or endangered species.


An optical video disk system for reproducing high-definition pictures with digital audio was developed, using two-channel recording and playback technology. A 20-MHz-bandwidth luminance (Y) signal and 6-MHz-bandwidth line sequential chrominance (C) signals for the 1125/60 HDTV (high-definition TV) standard were recorded without bandwidth compression. The maximum playback time is 8.4 min per side in a constant-angular-velocity disk rotational mode and can be prolonged to 15 minutes per side in a constant-linear-velocity mode. >


In this issue of Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Bergh et al present a study in which they account for reasons why thrombolysis is not given to patients with ischemic stroke.1 They wisely conclude that increasing the use of thrombolysis within the time window of 4.5 h must be weighed against possible harms. In Sweden, the Swedish Stroke Register started in 1995. In 2011, the register decided to present target levels for some variables. One of these variables was the use thrombolysis. The target level for a "moderate" performance was 10%– 14%, while the target level for a "high" performance was 15% or more. (Today, thrombolysis and thrombectomy are merged.) The National Board of Health and Welfare chose to publish these variables in their annual publication "Open comparisons," which at least during its first year received some media attention. Reporting thrombolysis in this manner gives a clear message to the healthcare: more is better. Is there any reason be that proactive? For those of us who were stroke physicians in the early 2000s, when thrombolysis was introduced, remember that it was only after several years of hesitation that the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA, now EMA) approved the treatment. This long hesitation was related to safety issues, more specifically the increased mortality that is associated with thrombolysis. Death is the most serious outcome of any medical treatment, and in the case of thrombolysis, the increased mortality is still unsolved. Later studies, such as The Third International Stroke Trial (IST3),2 have confirmed this harmful effect. However, a metaanalysis published after IST3 gave seemingly reassuring news: "Numbers of deaths within 7 days were increased ... but by final followup the excess was no longer significant...."3 This statement seems to have created a belief among stroke physicians that early deaths caused by thrombolysis are unimportant, as thrombolysistreated patients have better longterm prognosis. There are at least three objections to this way of reasoning.


8 TABLE OF CONTENT 9 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 12 1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM 15 1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 17 1.5 METHODOLOGY 18 1.6 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY 20 1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 20 1.8 CLARIFICATIONS OF CONCEPTS AND TERMS 21 1.9.1 "Conflicts and Crisis": 21 1.9.2 "Ethnicity and Tribe": 22 1.9.3 Ethnic Group: 22 1.9.4 National Unity: 22 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND LITERATURE REVIEW 25 2.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 25


The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is a unique institution. It exercises legislative and executive powers and it is the most active organ of the United Nations. The Security Council has primary responsibility to maintain international peace and security in line with objective and principles of UN Charter. Under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the Security Council can adopt mandatory measures to maintain or restore international peace and security. Security Council can resort to imposing sanctions and its resolutions are binding for all UN member states. The sanctions contribute to the enforcement of international law since they have punitive nature and require states to respect human rights, to refrain from their wrongful acts and comply with international law through altering their policies and political behaviours by ceasing fire, ending hostilities and withdrawing from foreign territories. Accordingly, the actions of the Security Council have international law implications. Despite the fact that the Security Council empowered to impose sanctions, this does not mean that the Security Council has absolute power and free from any limits, there are many international law limits and constrains on Security Council power to impose sanctions.


We and others have found female Rapp (Jr) salt‐sensitive (SS) rats recently purchased from Envigo, formerly Harlan (Hsd) and maintained on a low sodium diet are spontaneously hypertensive. To further investigate the role of T cells in the new phenotype of spontaneous hypertension (SH) observed in the Envigo's Rapp strain (SHSS/JrHsd), we compared the T cell profile in SHSS/JrHsd with that of the Rapp normotensive salt‐resistant rats (NSR/JrHsd).


ABSTRACT In product design, accuracy of the product information greatly affects design quality. The Taguchi method simplifies the analysis method and provides an effective product design approach by confirming the variable characteristics and determining the optimum combination of characteristics. However, determination of the levels of the variable characteristics in the Taguchi method relies on human experience and might not achieve the optimum situation. The research objective is to use evolutionary neural networks into a robust product design to help designers search for an optimum combination of variable characteristic values for a given product design problem. In the design procedure, the data resulting from the experimental design in the Taguchi method are forwarded to the back-propagation network training process and genetic algorithm simulation to predict the most suitable combination of variable characteristic values. The recommended combination of variable characteristic values is represented in 3D form. A design case of a lat bar for pull-down fitness stations is used to demonstrate the applicability of the design procedures. Note that the signal-to-noise ratios are derived from experiments that measure the muscle responses using an electromyography (EMG) apparatus. The results indicate that the proposed procedures could enhance the efficiency of product design efforts.


Objective. To solve the problem of correction of involutive changes in the periorbital region, it is necessary to approach from the position of a multidisciplinary approach, since a wide range of problems that need to be solved is possible in this localization. Laser therapy methods have been the standard for correcting age-related changes for many years. However, many questions of combined methods remain open, so the search and development of the most effective protocols for their use is an urgent task of modern medicine.
Purpose of the study. Based on the study of the results of clinical efficacy and taking into account the indicators of quality characteristics of the skin, as well as microcirculation, to develop a combined method for correcting involutive skin changes in the periorbital region in young and middle-aged patients using fractional Nd:YAG and CO2 laser in combination with lower transconjunctival blepharoplasty.
Material and methods. The study involved 108 patients with involutive changes in the skin of the lower eyelid. Depending on the method of treatment, patients were divided into groups. Special methods were used in the study: the study of qualitative characteristics of the skin (cutometry, TEVA-metry, corneometry), microcirculatory processes using laser flowmetry.
Results. The effectiveness of the developed combined method is based on a pronounced positive effect on the active and passive mechanisms of hemodynamics at all levels of the microcirculatory bed, which is confirmed by an increase in the integral indicator of MC by 45.92% against 26.35% and 5.77% in the comparison groups, while the coefficient of variation of the indicator of MC increased by 33.02% against 24.19% and 6.46% after applying the components of the method. The use of the combined treatment method leads to the restoration of skin quality characteristics: the moisture index increased by 27% (p 0.05) compared to 14.1%, 7.8% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, the transepidermal water loss index decreased by 47% (p 0.05) (compared to 35%, 12.7% in groups 1 and 2, respectively), the ua/Uf elasticity index increased by 23.2% (p 0.05) (compared to 18.4%, 16.4% in groups 1 and 2, respectively).
Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted research it can be concluded that the developed combined method of treatment is highly effective.


In the present time, the science has occupied quite important position in the social life, but the people's understanding of it is often unilateral and incorrect. Therefore, it possesses very important influence to evaluate and understand the social role and the humanistic significance of the science overally, objectively and historically by using the science history.


T HE title of my presentation of course, raises the question: What is a special test? I would think that I am expected to discuss procedures customarily performed in the office today. One can take a good history and do a good physical examination. One can take x-rays, do fluoroscopies, and electrocardiograms. The next point I would like to raise concerns the use of some of these office tools such as the stethoscope. I would like to put in a word that you should use a stethoscope of the proper length (10 inches), with proper tubing (1/8-inch bore), equipped with 2 end-pieces, a diaphragm, and an open bell.' I also must tell you that I have found surprising improvement in the accuracy of my auscultation by doing the very complicated maneuver of cleaning out the ear pieces. Next I would like to make a few remarks about a second tool, the fluoroscope. Fluoroscopy can teach us a lot, but it involves a great deal of radiation, relatively speaking. My radiologist friends tell me that a minute of fluoroscopy under ideal circumstances, generates about 6 r's, whereas only .25 r is involved in a posteroanterior film of the chest.2 So I would like to caution you to use fluoroscopy sparingly. In our hospital we fluoroscope all patients initially, and then no more often than once every 2 to 3 years, and in the majority, even less frequently, when specific reasons arise. We rather prefer to


Recently, Venn et al. (1996) showed that the strength of the UV line of B II in five Galactic main sequence B stars — i.e. in 100% of their sample — can only be understood if the boron abundance in these stars is considerably less than the meteoritic/solar boron abundance of log (B) = 2:88 (Anders & Grevesse 1989). Furthermore, a spread of the boron abundances in these otherwise similar stars appears to indicate that the boron depletion occurs during the main sequence evolution. We analyze the results of recent stellar evolution calculations (Fliegner & Langer 1996) for stars of 10 and 15M which include the effects of rotation on the stellar structure as well as various mixing processes triggered thereby, and an appropriate nuclear network to follow the evolution of all elements from hydrogen to silicon. Mass loss, at the observed and predicted rates for B stars, is found to have little effect on the boron depletion. The rotating models predict a distinct correlation between nitrogen enhancement and boron depletion, as the thermonuclear destruction of boron occurs in the outer stellar envelope but the synthesis of nitrogen occurs in the deep interior of the stars. Thus, the N/B ratio reflects the efficiency of the mixing processes in quite different stellar layers. The qualitative agreement of this correlation with the observed boron and nitrogen abundances of main sequence B stars provides the strongest evidence for rotational mixing acting in massive main sequence stars so far.


1. Pope TM, Bennett J, Carson SS, Cederquist L, Cohen AB, DeMartino ES, et al. Making medical treatment decisions for unrepresented patients in the ICU: an official American Thoracic Society/American Geriatrics Society policy statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:1182–1192. 2. Bosslet GT, Pope TM, Rubenfeld GD, Lo B, Truog RD, Rushton CH, et al.; American Thoracic Society ad hoc Committee on Futile and Potentially Inappropriate Treatment; American Thoracic Society; American Association for Critical Care Nurses; American College of Chest Physicians; European Society for Intensive Care Medicine; Society of Critical Care. An official ATS/AACN/ACCP/ESICM/SCCM policy statement: responding to requests for potentially inappropriate treatments in intensive care units. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 191:1318–1330.


The fire retardants were used in flexible polyurethane foam (PUF) to get fire retardant PUF, whose kinetic parameters activation energies (E) were calculated by Ozawa integral method and the Kissinger differential method. The results show that the correlation coefficient (R) is above 0.95, which shows good reliability of the two methods for solving E. E for the fire retardant foam is decreased by 80 kJ•mol-1, which shows that the fire retardant can catalyze decomposition and carbonization of flexible PUF.


In this paper a new type of beam-to-column connection is introduced, which is capable of absorbing both very large rotations and axial movements, due firstly to thermal elongation and subsequently to extreme weakening of the connected beam. The main idea is to connect the beam and column using a special connector bolted to the column flange using a face-plate and to the beam web using a fin-plate. Between these a highly ductile element, which is in this case a hollow circular tube, is included. This plays the crucial role in absorbing beam-end movements occurring firstly during the expansion of the beam and secondly during its catenary behaviour at very high temperatures. This study aims to extend the research on this connection to structural case studies in the context of performance-based structural fire engineering design. The connection has been modelled using different approaches, starting with 3-D finite element modelling and proceeding to validated simplifications which feed into a component-based model. In order to make calculations feasible, the mathematical model of the ductile component is developed and calibrated using the information provided by parametrized numerical FEM computations. The component model is developed to be capable of representing the hysteresis occurring due to deformation-reversals as temperatures rise, as well as failure corresponding to fracture in tension. Thus, the component model is described as a function of displacement and temperature, including sufficiently realistic plastic deformation and fracture criteria. This model is then implemented into global FEM models and utilized to assemble the stiffness matrix of a special connector element used to join the beam and column nodes. This component-based connection model is then applied in some comparative studies.


Two findings from Hanson's 'The anatomy of privacy in architects' London Houses' are taken as a point of departure for an exploration of the genotype/phenotype distinction in architecture. In the first part of the paper, the definition of genotype within space syntax literature is reviewed, the problem of ostensibly typological buildings not showing expected genotypical consistency is described, and two approaches developed to address it partially are discussed. This leads to a reconsideration of the biological origins of the genotype-phenotype distinction, and to the recognition that the two terms refer to different types, each identified by traits resulting from causally distinct pathways. In the final, speculative, part of the paper, it is suggested that this principle might be fruitfully applied to architecture as well, and that analogous to the concepts of genotype and phenotype in biology, one might propose the presence of two causally distinct conceptions of type in buildings: 'sociotypes' and 'stylotypes'. The concept of stylotype, it is suggested, might help explain the distinctive spatial qualities that architects bring to their designs.


Traditionally, chronotype classification is based on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). It is implicit in the classification that intermediate individuals get intermediate scores to most of the MEQ questions. However, a small group of individuals has a different pattern of answers. In some questions, they answer as "morning-types" and in some others they answer as "evening-types," resulting in an intermediate total score. "Evening-type" and "Morning-type" answers were set as A1 and A4, respectively. Intermediate answers were set as A2 and A3. The following algorithm was applied: Bimodality Index = (∑A1 × ∑A4)2 − (∑A2 × ∑A3)2. Neither-types that had positive bimodality scores were classified as bimodal. If our hypothesis is validated by objective data, an update of chronotype classification will be required. (Author correspondence: firstname.lastname@example.com)


This paper studies the relevance of the asset-market model of exchange-rate determination theory for the Korean won - U. S. dollar exchange rate. We find that the portfolio-balance model produces better forecasts than the random-walk model when the structural model is well specified. From this finding, we believe that the portfolio-balance model can be a good frame of reference for explaining movements of the Korean won-U. S. dollar exchange rate. We expect that this model will become increasingly important for the Korean economy, as well as other newly industrializing countries, as they undergo full scale capital-market liberalization. [F 31, F 47]


A diffusion euqation in multiple-scatter media with photon wave last years.In order to modity the diffusion equation a new physical model in three-dimension infinite cube was proposed.The analytic solution of Green-function is presented under the boundary conditions,and the relationship between absortion factor Δμ_a and flux J_n is figured out.This physical model is much closer to the experiment,with the conflicts between the intrinsic model and the experiment settled.As a new physical model,it bears some theoretical guaranty in practical application for improving the quality of the images.


Varieties of antibacterial agent and their mechanism are introduced.Development situations of antibacterial plastics as well as test methods for their performance at home and abroad are described.Taking PVC antibacterial plastics as examples,the applications of several antibacterial agents are illustrated.


Utilizing Corn cob residue as substrate the cellulose enzyme solid-state fermentation conditions for Trichoderma viride T9806 was studied through single factor experiments and orthogonal test.The results showed that optimal culture conditions were as follows: medium prepared from 22.91 % slag several,15.27 % wheat bran,0.4 %(NH4)2SO4,0.12 %MgSO4,0.12 %CaCl2,0.08 %ZnSO4 and 61.1 % water,at 35 ℃for 96 h.Under these optimal fermentation conditions,cellulose enzyme activity reached 1.36×10-4 kat/g dry medium.


The levels of some mineral elements in serum, urine, ruminal fluid and digesta of camels and cattle of the North East Sahel region of Nigeria were evaluated using apparently healthy animals presented for slaughter at the Maiduguri municipal abattoir during the months of November and December, 1993. Serum, urine, and rumen samples were obtained from the animals and analysed for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and copper. The results showed that the concentrations of all the minerals studied, except sodium, were higher in the ruminal fluid of camels compared to cattle. However, serum concentrations were comparable in both species, with the exception of phosphorus which was lower in cattle, and potassium which was higher in cattle. For urine samples, all the minerals measured were higher in camel than in cattle. Analysis of solid rumen digesta showed that the concentrations of phosphorus, magnesium, copper and calcium, sodium, potassium were respectively higher in camels than cattle digesta.

Key Words: Cattle, Camel, Minerals, Sahel Region
(Nigerian Veterinary Journal: 2003 24(1): 13-20)


Orodispersible films (ODFs) are promising drug delivery systems for customized small scale pharmacy preparations. The aim of the present study was to develop a versatile casting solution suitable for the


Act~ity coefficients of the solute components in H20 + MCI + DL- lanine (M = K, Rb) systems at 308 K are reported from emf meas rements on cells with transference. The results indicate net attrac ive interactions between electrolytes and DL-alanine. These have en correlated with mutual salting out effects of electrolytes and a ino acid.


This chapter shows that some of the Confucian ideas, though apparently in conflict with some of the "democratic ideas" or ideas considered essential to rights, can be made compatible with rights. But clearly, Confucians have a more ambitious agenda. Given the Confucian continuum and harmony model between the private and the public, they also reject the mainstream liberal idea that the state should remain value-neutral, and stay out of the realm of the private. Instead, the state has a duty to promote virtues, including some of those that are considered to be in the realm of the private. For a liberal democracy to function well, the promotion of some virtues is necessary. That is, the virtues a liberal state needs to and should promote have to be "thicker" than what the liberal value neutrality or even a later Rawlsian would endorse.


Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes typhoid fever in humans. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of S. Typhi and certain drawbacks in presently available vaccines against typhoid, has added a sense of urgency to develop more effective typhoid vaccines. Outer membrane protein (OMPs) has been reported to be immunogens for eliciting active/protective immunity against Salmonella and thus, have great potential for use in vaccination. Earlier, in a study done in our laboratory, a protein from an outer membrane protein (OMP) of S. Typhi with apparent molecular weight of 49kDa was identified in S. Typhi. The 1.3 kb gene for this was cloned in pQE60 plasmid, expressed in E. coli SG13009 cells and purification of r49 kDa OMP was done by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography under different pH conditions. The yield of expressed protein of ~26 mg/L was obtained. We now report the expression of this protein in E. coli BL21 cells using the expression vector pET28a. The r-49kDa OMP was purified by Ni-NTA metal chelate affinity chromatography using 150mM imidazole under denaturing conditions and a yield of ~39 mg/L was achieved.


The article is devoted to the consideration of creativity as a field of knowledge in relation to the musical art and education, the qualitative content of this concept (its significance, intensity, effectiveness and sustainability). A historical analysis of the development of the term «creativity» is performed, and the ways of developing creativity through somatic, mental and spiritual activity are considered. Some methods of stimulating creativity used in the educational process are analyzed: the method of solving creative problems, the method of step-by-step development of creativity, the method of original play, the method of the creative field. The author analyzes the components of creativity in a musician's activity: motivational, intellectual, and personal. A three-pronged approach to the structure of creativity is described, which includes characteristics of speed, characteristics of energy, and characteristics of non-triviality and originality of actions. The author concretizes and differentiates the concepts of «creativity» and «oeuvre» as universals in order to establish one's own position on the concept sphere of creativity in music art and education.


This paper proposes a dynamic deletion method of units for SOM (Self-Organizing Map) by using the updated information of each unit on the competing layer. Concretely, during the process of learning, a unit with a low contribution to learning, is removed dynamically by each unit's ability to judge for itself (extinction of unit) . This process may imitate a cell death in a living body. This dynamic deletion of units enables SOM to map the input data on the competing layer accurately with a small number of units. Furthermore, by using the proposed method, the input space with discontinuous distributien of data can be learned