We present stellar kinematics for a sample of 10 early-type galaxies observed using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope and the Modular Spectrograph on the MDM Observatory 2.4 m telescope. These observations are a part of an ongoing program to understand the coevolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. Our spectral ranges include either the calcium triplet absorption lines at 8498, 8542, and 8662 Å or the Mg b absorption at 5175 Å. The lines are used to derive line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) of the stars using a maximum penalized likelihood method. We use Gauss-Hermite polynomials to parameterize the LOSVDs and find predominantly negative h4 values (boxy distributions) in the central regions of our galaxies. One galaxy, NGC 4697, has significantly positive central h4 (high tail weight). The majority of galaxies have a central velocity dispersion excess in the STIS kinematics over ground-based velocity dispersions. The galaxies with the strongest rotational support, as quantified with vmax/σSTIS, have the smallest dispersion excess at STIS resolution. The best-fitting, general, axisymmetric dynamical models (described in a companion paper) require black holes in all cases, with masses ranging from 106.5 to 109.3 M☉. We replot these updated masses on the MBH-σ relation and show that the fit to only these 10 galaxies has a slope consistent with the fits to larger samples. The greatest outlier is NGC 2778, a dwarf elliptical with relatively poorly constrained black hole mass. The two best candidates for pseudobulges, NGC 3384 and NGC 7457, do not deviate significantly from the established relation between MBH and σ. Neither do the three galaxies that show the most evidence of a recent merger, NGC 3608, NGC 4473, and NGC 4697.


PURPOSE: To provide a table for medical operation and/or examination, which is operated accurately and makes the table top part to respond better by installing a valve device having a rotating valve element that enables to control whole table top by one hand. CONSTITUTION: Sub-systems, each of them are improved, are provided to the total system of an operation and/or observation table. One of them is a control device to control selectively the flow of fluid to plural cylinder/piston units 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18, which are independent from fluid pumps driving liquid to one or the other way by compressing the piston in each cylinder. A control valve device has a detention device to keep a valve part 63 releasable when the valve part 63 is turned against a valve block. Also, each of the cylinder/ piston units 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 is equipped with a detention valve of 106 to 110 to lock the piston position for controlling the flow of the fluid in the units and for an occasion of the device is in breakdown. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


The purpose of the research is to establish the characteristic features and signs, the inherent mechanism and strategies of managing financial and economic security, which should be used by domestic enterprises in the war period and in the post-war recovery period in the conditions of the development of Industry 4.0 trends in the realities of the BANI world. Defects in the organization and functioning of the financial and economic security management mechanism were identified, which began to be clearly investigated during the work of business entities in wartime conditions. Additional elements of the financial and economic security management mechanism of the enterprise in the conditions of Industry 4.0 and BANI World are proposed. The peculiarities of the strategy and mechanism of managing the financial and economic security of enterprises in various models of the world system are specified. The outline of the GUARDIAN strategy for the implementation of the tasks of strategic management of the financial and economic security of enterprises was developed and the expediency of its use in the realities of Industry 4.0 and BANI World was substantiated.The development of a new paradigm of strategic management of financial and economic security for the post-war recovery of business entities in the conditions of BANI World, taking into account the trends of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, allows expanding the limits of the application of the tools of effective security-oriented management. In order to successfully optimize traditional approaches to financial and economic security management in the post-war period, it is necessary to transform the financial and economic security management mechanism to ensure its readiness to counteract the impact on the enterprise's corporate resources from the threat of military aggression, global pandemics, the development of the trend of Industry 4.0 and BANI world.


This paper shows how semantic attribute features can be used to improve object classification performance. The semantic attributes used fall into five groups: scene (e.g. 'road'), colour (e.g. 'green'), part (e.g. 'face'), shape (e.g. 'box'), and material (e.g. 'wood'). We train classifiers from representative images for 60 semantic attributes. We first assess the accuracy of the individual classifiers, and show that they can be used to predict semantic annotations for test images. We then use output from the set of trained classifiers to create a new low-dimensional image representation. Experiments on data from the PASCAL VOC challenge show that the semantic attribute features achieve an object classification performance close to that of high-dimensional bag-of-words features, and that using a combination of semantic attribute features and bag-of-words features gives a better classification performance than using either feature set alone.


The morphology and quantity of neural elements in 109 tissue specimens of gingiva and edentulous mucosa were studied by the cholinesterase whole-mount technique. The microscopic findings were compared on the basis of morphology, sex and age of patient, location of the biopsy site in the mouth, edentulous state and time, and the presence of a prosthesis.


"We give up so much to come here. Culture as ancient as the pyramids. Our mother's tongue, first spoken to us while we were in her iron-deficient womb. And our gods, too. We leave them behind. Because they do not have papers. They cannot come with us and we must abandon them. They become inconsolable, our gods, like our children whom we must, much too often, also leave behind. Why then do we come here if we lose so much?" - Anonymous Mexican ImmigrantPublic schools in the United States have been and continue to be major sites for development and sanctioning of colonizing ideologies resulting in lopsided educational practices and cultural genocide for Chican@' students. Chican@s are the largest Indigenous-based group in the US yet many within our society are often unaware that Chican@s are Indigenous. The US Census categorizes Chican@s as "Latin@" or "Hispanic," a separate category indicative of not having Indigenous heritage or ancestry and are othered as minorities in the same way as Black Americans are. While we share the politicized identity of involuntary minority (Ogbu, 1989) with Native-Americans, this factor does nothing more than assure us that we are non-white. The history and agency of Chican@s in the US public school curriculum contributes to the invisibility and societal views of this populace as an immigrant group rather than an Indigenous one.Chican@s are descendent of the multiple Indigenous groups of Meso-America and what is today the US Southwest, therefore their Indigenous ancestry can be located on both sides of the border. However, this historical relevance is not made explicit through the US public school curriculum, resulting in ambiguity as to where this population originated from. For example, labeling Chican@s as "Hispanic" assumes this group are immigrants from Spain and obscures the preColumbian history and the subsequential colonization that occurred in Meso-America resulting in a massive population of Mestizos2 (Batalla, 1996). The conquest and occupation of what is today Mexico and the US southwest, ensued via the soldiers and priests of Spain, and later by Anglo-Americans (Acuna, 2011). This multiple conquest produced a population that was Indigenous first, European/white second (Menchaca,1993).The history of Chican@s in the US tells of a time when Mexicans3 were classified as "Indians" or of having Indian ancestry (Menchaca, 1993). The pressure to assimilate for political as well as economic survival caused, Mexican-American communities in the US Southwest to fight for legal desegregation, and racial reclassification, which they believed would benefit their children. Sadly, the racial reclassifying of Mexican-American students did not end the discriminatory schooling practices or policies (Menchaca, 1993; Valencia, 2002). The reclas- sification of Mexican-Americans as white unfortunately prompted an even greater segregation for minority students (Valencia, 2002). This occurred especially in poorer urban settings where the public school system could argue that black and white students were indeed attending school together, therefore reflecting a fictional desegregated public school system (Gonzalez,1990). The truth of the matter was that Mexican-Americans despite the legal status of white did not benefit from white privilege (Haney Lopez, 1996). While many Chican@ scholars have addressed and continue to address the learning needs of this population of students, few truly address the importance of Indigenous heritage to Chican@s in their analysis.The issue of tribal recognition is mandated under the US federal government's Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), yet according to Article 9 of the United Nation's Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (2007) concerning the right of an individual to belong to an Indigenous group:Indigenous peoples and individuals have the right to belong to an Indigenous community or nation, in accordance with the traditions and customs of the community or nation concerned, no discrimination of any kind may arise from the exercise of such right (p. …


— In the article on the basis of the methodology of the system organization of the economy the basic principles of the provision of the sustainability of the economic carcass of the regional economic complex. Their practical realization is based on the interrelated development of the objective, environmental, process and project subsytems of the economic frame. It was shown that the reference points of the frame forming the object sub system should have the opportunity of the transformation of the centripetal tendencies into the centrifugal in the course of the implementation of the innovative projects. In the environmental sub system the most important are institutional and infrastructural factors. The development of the project and process sub systems consist in the provision of the continuity of the reproduction processes in the country. The methological basis of the decision making in administration is renewed. It is connected with the modeling of the economic frame of the economic complex and with the isolation of its points of growth. The example of the agriculture of the South of Russia shows the basic directions of the increase of the sustainability of the economic frame of a region.


An improved technique for the estimation of glycyrrhizic acid has been developed in Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The technique is based on the estimation of glycyrrhizic acid through its aglycone, the glycyrrhetic acid. The procedure reported so far give erroneous results because of the fact that the amount of non-glycyrrhizic acid components accompanying glycyrrhizicacid were not taken into consideration during the processing of samples. This method is considered to be more accurate as it also estimates the glycyrrhizic acid present during the preliminary processing of samples i.e. filtration and washings etc.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify emerging critical generic managerial competencies in the Kenyan hotel industry. Design/methodology/approach - A cross-sectional survey research design was used to gather primary data using self-administered questionnaires. The population was composed of hospitality managers from ten five-star hotels in Nairobi and Mombasa, Kenya. A sample of 160 hospitality managers was selected proportionately by simple random sample method. Findings - Several critical generic management competencies are emerging in the Kenyan hospitality industry. However, there is a gap between utilization and importance of managerial competencies in Kenya. Managers do not value human relations competencies. Practical implications - Hotels and training institutions need to enhance acquisition of generic managerial competencies in their management development programs and curricula, respectively. Originality/value - The paper focuses on both the level of utilization of managerial competencies and the level of importance attached to managerial competencies. It contributes to a new body of knowledge in management literature in Kenya. The paper has value to researchers, hospitality graduates and students, hospitality educators and human resource managers in Kenya.


This study focused on the development features and sex difference of the students in senior high school. Results showed:(1) creativity thinking improved slowly with ages,senior two students′ creativity thinking was in the ebb;(2)There was little significant sex different in senior students;(3) The relation between senior students′ creativity thinking and writing achievements was not positivly correlatedin originality. That between senior students′ creativity thinking and math achievements was not positivly correlated in all aspacts.


Recent work has demonstrated that extended high-frequency (EHF; >8 kHz) hearing is valuable for speech-in-noise recognition. These findings contradict the broadly accepted "speech bandwidth" that has historically been limited to below 8 kHz. Several studies also indicate that EHF pure-tone thresholds predict speech-in-noise performance. One question that has arisen is whether the association that has been observed between EHF pure-tone thresholds and speech-in-noise recognition is causal—that loss of audibility of EHF cues in speech degrades speech-in-noise recognition. Indeed, this effect has been demonstrated using low-pass filtering, but whether elevated EHF thresholds would produce a similar effect is not certain. Another possibility is that EHF thresholds are a marker for subclinical dysfunction at lower frequencies that degrades speech recognition. These two possibilities are not mutually exclusive (nor exhaustive) and each could contribute to the observed relationship. Here we present a reanalysis of previous data collected in our lab, the results of which suggest that 16-kHz pure-tone thresholds are consistent predictors of speech-in-speech recognition, regardless of whether EHF cues are present in the speech signal. These findings suggest elevated EHF thresholds may indicate subclinical auditory dysfunction impairing speech-in-speech recognition.


Lawful interception (LI) involves legally accessing private communication such as telephone calls or email messages. Numerous countries have been drafting and enacting laws concerning the LI procedures. With the proliferation of portable Internet services such as the IEEE 802.16e wireless mobile networks, surveillance over illegal users is an emerging technical issue in LI. The ever-migrating users and their changing IP's make it harder to provide support for seamless LI procedures on 802.16e networks. Few studies, however, on seamless LI support have been conducted on the 802.16e mobile networks environments. Proposed in this paper are a seamless LI architecture and algorithms for the 802.16e networks. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture improves recall rates in intercepting mobile user, when compared to the existing LI architectures.


Abstract Legumes are important constituents of predominantly vegetarian diet of populations of subtropical and tropical areas. Some of the non-conventional legumes like fababean and ricebean are early maturers, resistant to yellow mosaic virus infection and can withstand high water tables and soil salinity. The high-yielding varieties of fababean (VH-82-1) and ricebean (RB-32) were analysed for physico-chemical properties and nutrient profile. Hydration index, swelling capacity as well as swelling index of ricebean were greater as compared to those of fababean which resulted in less cooking time. On a dry weight basis, fababean contained higher concentrations of crude protein (25.5 g/100 g), fat (2.7 g/100 g), ash (5.1 g/100 g), various dietary fibre constituents and digestible starch (42.1 mg maltose released/g meal) than those of ricebean. On the other hand, ricebean contained higher concentrations of total soluble sugars (5.6 g/100 g) and non-reducing sugars (5.0 g/100 g), digestible protein (58.4%) and total and available Ca, P and Fe than fababean. Both the legumes contained quite high concentrations of antinutrients viz. phytic acid (1012–2018 mg/100 g), polyphenols (750–1698 mg/100 g), saponins (1313–2168 mg/100 g) and trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) (55.2–905.2 TIU/g).


Targeted therapy is a cutting edge technology that deals with drugs that target some specific pathways in the growth and development of tumors.The cells of this category include polyps, precancerous lesions, premalignancies and other aberrant phenotype which may progress to cancerous state.Some non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Indomethacin have been reported to shrink the polyps by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via a variety of COX-dependent and/or COX-independent mechanisms. It has been reported that indomethacin can inhibit the growth of transplanted human colorectal tumor through inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor .Effectiveness of Indomethacin to treat colon polyp can be increased if it is targeted directly to colon .So the present study is aimed to prepare colon specific beads of Indomethacin to target directly to colon . An interpolymer complex of polymers like chitosan and Chondroitin sulfate in different ratio are used to prepare the beads.The results confirmed that specific delivery of Indomethacin to colon can sustain the release for a long duration in comparison to marketed product.


Faba bean is the most important legume grown in Ethiopia. But, insect pests have been causing its substantial loss under farmers' storages. A survey to assess the farmers' pest protection practices of stored faba bean was conducted in its selected major growing peasant associations of the Farta District from 4 January 2019 – 15 May 2020. Semi-structured questionnaires and farmers' participatory discussion were used to conduct the study. Accordingly, the majority of farmers (66.7%) harvested their grain in usual time (in December) fearing insect pests infestation. A substantial proportion of the farmers (25%) used a combination of cultural and botanical methods, followed by botanicals (20.83%) for grains protection. Eucalyptus globlus, Croton macrostachyus and Otostegia tomentosa were the three most commonly used botanicals and suggested to be potent. Threshing was done most commonly by livestock (66.7%), followed by beating with sticks (25%) both of which are not recommended as they might lead to grain losses. The insect infestation level was high in threshed and un-threshed forms of faba beans after 3 and 7 months storage periods, respectively. Consequently, the farmers' traditional practices were ineffectual for storing beans for longer periods. Therefore, planning pest management strategies of stored beans are desirable.


In May 2017, the New York Times announced it would eliminate its public editor position, something a number of news organizations have done recently. Using the theory of metajournalistic discourse and textual analysis as a methodology, this study examines how actors within or on the boundaries of journalism reacted to the news and defined the ombudsman position. The data illustrated that today's public editor should be a watchdog, perform public relations functions, be a conduit between readers and a newsroom, and build trust with readership. Finally, the author then argues the merit of the position in today's journalism industry.


Mine models incorporate geological, geotechnical, and rock mechanics principles to offer a 3D distribution of the principal stresses within the rockmass. Information that can independently confirm and calibrate these models is essential to offer reliable tools to the industry. Event mechanisms have long been used in earthquake seismology to infer the orientation of principal stresses assuming quasi-static stresses. This study evaluates the conditions under which the stress tensor can be derived from event mechanisms in a mining environment. Advantage is taken of the microseismic array at Goldex mine, Quebec. The array comprises 4 triaxial and 22 uniaxial accelerometers covering a volume of 450 x 250 x 120 m. A total of 544 reliable seismic moment tensor solutions for events occurred between February and May 2009 are retained for analysis. The results indicate that the mechanism solutions exhibit a high variability in both the type of fracture components and the actual fault-plane geometry. The most significant clustering of these solutions appears related to the development blasts. These blasts cause a significant reorientation of the stress tensor in a volume adjacent to that of the advancing cave front. It is further shown that the highest homogeneity in the orientation of the moment tensor solutions is obtained for events closely located in time and space with respect to each other. monitoring provides indirect information on the stress distribution underground. Source parameters such as magnitude, energy release, size, apparent or static stress drop allow for approximate assessment of possible ranges of acting stress magnitudes. Furthermore, seismic waveform inversion for failure mechanisms or SMT solutions provides means to evaluate directly the principal stress orientations and relative stress magnitudes. The present study is a preliminary work intended to evaluate the conditions under which ST inversions can be carried out on SMT solutions derived from mine seismic events using the algorithm proposed in [4]. Once these conditions can be established, reliable inversions can be made available for practical use.


Electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) refers to the phenomenon of a sharp transmission window in a broad absorption profile, which was first discovered in the interference between the electronic transition paths of three energy levels. In this work, a metasurface structure with EIT is designed by coupling a dark-like mode and a bright mode. In order to make its resonance intensity dynamically adjustable, the metasurface structure in this paper adds a structure composed of vanadium dioxide (VO2) to the original EIT structure. When vanadium dioxide is at different temperature, its conductivity is different, and the degree of participation in metasurface resonance is different. Thus, the dynamic tuning of the EIT resonance intensity is realized, and the modulation depth can reach 76.18%.


Abstract The effects of a management system on changes in culling patterns were determined with observations from 1182 lactations. From 1968 to 1972, 307 of 471 cows were culled. Management was synchronization of estrus of lactating dairy cattle by administration of a progestogen, melengestrol acetate, at 1 mg/head per day usually for 14 days, beginning between 14 and 55 days postpartum. The rate of culling in the lactation coincident with treatment was less for treated than for control cows (16% versus 25%). Of the treated cows culled in the lactation of treatment, 22% were removed for failure to reproduce, contrasted to 31% of the control cows culled for the same reason. Of the control cows, 20% were removed for low milk production, contrasted to 42% of the treated cows which were removed for the same reason. Culling for other reasons (dairy sale, death, injury, etc.) and for mastitis or poor udder were similar for treated (18% and 18%) and control cows (24% and 25%). Administration of melengestrol acetate for several lactations had no detrimental effects. Culling of treated cows for reproduction remained below that for control cows. Culling for milk production of treated cows decreased and culling for mastitis or poor udder increased slightly. Cows which were culled in the first year following complete removal of melengestrol acetate had a culling pattern similar to that for the control cows. Overall the progestogen system for managing reproduction shifted cause of culling from reproduction to milk production.


Fas (CD95) and Fas ligand interaction induces apoptosis in Fas+ cells of many cell types. The expression of FasL on tumor cells (tumor FasL) has been implicated in evasion of immune surveillance. How Fas-L on tumors affects tumorigenesis and metastasis, however, is not clear. In this study, we have established B16F10 melanoma-derived cells carrying either plasmid encoding FasL specific ribozyme (FasLR; FasLlow tumor cells) or vector plasmid (FasLhigh tumor cells) to investigate the role of Fas-L in tumorigenicity and metastasis. FasLR suppressed the expression of FasL but not Fas or TNF- in B16F10 melanoma cells. When injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice, FasLlow tumor cells grew slowly than did FasLhigh melanoma. FasLhigh tumor cells showed more intensive neutrophilic infiltration accompanied by multiple necrotizing areas than did FasLlow tumor. The average size of FasLlow tumors, but not that of FasLhigh tumors, was significantly enhanced in mice depleted of neutrophils. Consistently, a local injection of LPS to recruit/activate neutrophils significantly delayed tumor formation of FasLlow tumor cells, and slightly retarded that of FasLhigh tumor cells in both C57BL/6 and NOD/SCID mice. Neutrophils killed FasLlow melanoma cells more effective than FasLhigh melanoma cells in vitro. The resistance of FasLhigh melanoma cells to being killed by neutrophil was correlated with impaired neutrophil activation as demonstrated by reductions in gelantinase B secretion, ROS production, and the surface expression of CD11b and the transcription of FasL. Local transfer of casein-enriched or PMA-treated neutrophils delayed tumor formation by melanoma cells. Thus, inactivation of neutrophils by tumor FasL is an important mechanism by which tumor cells escape immune attack. On the other hand, suppression of FasL in B16F10 melanoma cells by FasLR enhanced lung metastasis of the cells in C57BL/6 mice, and that was correlated with reductions in both apoptotic tumor cells and granulocytic infiltration. Mice depleted of granulocytes, but not CD4+ and CD8+ cells, showed a greatly elevated susceptibility to lung metastasis. Moreover, apoptosis in tumor cells was significantly reduced in granulocyte-depleted mice during the course of tumor formation. In summary, FasL on tumors affects tumorigenesis and metastasis, but the effect was diverse in different tissues or organs.


A wide variety of fungal and bacterial pathogens cause post-harvest disease in fruits and vegetables. Some of these infect produce before harvest and then remain quiescent until conditions are more favourable for disease development after harvest. Other pathogens infect produce 1 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2 School of Life Sciences, RCPGD, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, S. Africa. * Corresponding Author: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Recent Trends in Post Harvest Technology and Management during and after harvest through surface injuries. In the development of strategies for post-harvest disease control, it is imperative to take a step back and consider the production and post-harvest handling systems in their entirety. Traditionally fungicides have played a central role in postharvest disease control. However, trends towards reduced chemical usage in horticulture are forcing the development of new strategies. This provides an exciting challenge for the 21st century. The objectives of this chapter are: i) to maintain the good quality of the produce grown so that the produce can be competitive in the various market places i.e. local or overseas; and ii) to reduce loss in quantity or volume and in the qualitative or nutritive value of the produce.


The rate and extent of post-mortem pH decline is an important determinant of meat quality, influencing among other things the incidence of pale, soft, exudative meat. In this perspective I argue two things. First, the accuracy of our modelling of pH decline rates might be improved by incorporation of a muscle mitochondrial content parameter. Second, that high mitochondrial content might help explain the surprisingly rapid pH decline that has sometimes been reported in red, oxidative muscles. The proposed physiological mechanism relates to the fact that mitochondria are known to act as net consumers, rather than producers, of ATP during periods of anoxia – a process called mitochondrial treason. To the best of my knowledge, the implications of the phenomenon of mitochondrial treason have never previously been applied or discussed in a meat science context.


Descriptions are given of efficient design and operation of radiological departments in Oncological Research institutes. The construction of the building, and equipment and storage facilities offer maximum shielding and protection to the personnel and patients in the research wards. A complex territorial and functional design is given for efficient time saving and safe technological procedures. (R.V.J.)


Summary The thyroidal content of CT was measured by bioassay and radioimmu-noassay in intact, parathyroidectomized, and adrenalectomized rats fed diets with varying Ca:P ratios for 4 to 8 weeks. There was a good correlation between values obtained with the two assay methods. In intact, parex, and adrex rats, thyroidal CT content was higher 4 and 8 weeks after feeding a diet with a Ca:P ratio of 1:8. However, there was a little difference in overall CT content between intact, parex, and adrex rats despite marked differences in the levels of serum calcium. CT content appeared to be related to the length of time the rats were fed the high phosphate diet. In intact rats fed diets with Ca:P ratios ranging from 8:1 to 1:8 and prepared by varying the calcium content (P constant at 0.4%), the CT content of thyroid gland and serum was elevated only in those animals fed the 1:8 diet. In other intact rats fed with diets having the same range of ratios but prepared by varying the phosphorus content (Ca constant at 0.4%), thyroidal CT increased progressively with the diets having a Ca:P ratio below 1:1. The results indicate that changes in thyroidal CT stores produced by feeding diets with varying Ca:P ratios cannot be explained solely on the basis of changes in the levels of serum calcium.


Objective: This article is a narrative review of published data regarding locoregional radiotherapy in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. such as young age, aggressive morphological features and worse outcomes that don't always correlate with traditional prognostic features. Moreover, regional and distant recurrences seem to occur more frequently than non-TNBC patients. Locoregional radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of these patients. Current challenges focus on the development of strategies combining locoregional management and systemic treatments. Furthermore manipulation of the immune system with a combination or radio-immunotherapy is being explored in trials to improve outcomes in this subtype which lacks expression of other molecular targets. Methods: Using medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and text words related to 'breast cancer' 'radiotherapy' 'triple negative', PubMed and Medline (OVID) electronic databases were searched from 2009 till June 2020. Abstracts were reviewed and appropriate full-manuscripts retrieved. This search was complemented by the authors' personal and institutional expertise. We looked into the timing and pattern of recurrences, role of radiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and possible immune-radiotherapy combination mechanisms to guide future strategies. Conclusion: TNBC patients have a distinct recurrence pattern consisting in early recurrences, mainly regional nodal recurrences in the axilla and the supraclavicular region. Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is of value in advanced disease, however it could be discussed in early stage disease in a patient presenting with multiple high risk factors of recurrence. Use of radiotherapy (RT) is strongly advocated after neoadjuvant treatments. Radio-immunotherapy should ideally be tested in the oligometastatic setting.


Keloids are benign fibroproliferative growth seen on the skin usually secondary to trauma. They are scar tissues that project above the skin surface and may be tender or pruritic. They cause functional and aesthetic discomfort to the patient. This is a case report of a 34 year old woman who was diagnosed as a case of keloid of the left auricle and treated surgically. Keloids have a high degree of recurrence even after treatment. It is crucial to differentiate keloids from hypertrophic scars and treat them accordingly.


Greece has given an important boost to the Social and Solidarity Economy since 2011 with the approval of various laws that regulate this sector. Among others, and closely following the work carried out by the European institutions, Greece has regulated for the first time in Europe, the energy communities. These are defined as civil cooperatives whose sole purpose is to promote the social and solidarity economy and innovation in the energy sector; the fight against energy poverty and the promotion of sustainable energy, production, storage, self-consumption, distribution and supply of energy; increase energy self-sufficiency and security in the municipalities of the islands; as well as the improvement of energy efficiency in end use, locally and regionally, through its activities in the sector of renewable energy sources, the cogeneration of highly efficient electrical energy, the rational use of energy , energy efficiency, sustainable transport, demand management and the production, distribution and supply of energy. In this work we wanted to learn about know this pioneering regulation of energy communities, the problems generated by its conception as a cooperative, the various models of energy communities that could be developed in accordance with its exclusive corporate purpose, and the experiences that have been given so far, as well as its main characteristics.


The Human Connectome Project (HCP) faces the challenging task of bringing multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities together in a common automated preprocessing framework across a large cohort of subjects. The MRI data acquired by the HCP differ in many ways from data acquired on conventional 3 Tesla scanners and often require newly developed preprocessing methods. We describe the minimal preprocessing pipelines for structural, functional, and diffusion MRI that were developed by the HCP to accomplish many low level tasks, including spatial artifact/distortion removal, surface generation, cross-modal registration, and alignment to standard space. These pipelines are specially designed to capitalize on the high quality data offered by the HCP. The final standard space makes use of a recently introduced CIFTI file format and the associated grayordinates spatial coordinate system. This allows for combined cortical surface and subcortical volume analyses while reducing the storage and processing requirements for high © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. First Author/ Corresponding Author Matthew F. Glasser, +1-404-247-1694 (tel), +1-314-747-3436 (fax), firstname.lastname@example.com. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Neuroimage. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 October 15. Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2013 October 15; 80: 105–124. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.127. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript spatial and temporal resolution data. Here, we provide the minimum image acquisition requirements for the HCP minimal preprocessing pipelines and additional advice for investigators interested in replicating the HCP's acquisition protocols or using these pipelines. Finally, we discuss some potential future improvements for the pipelines.


He commands us to 'meditate that this came about', to carve the words on our hearts and repeat them to our children – or face his curse. Levi's account takes us to a world where simple distinctions between human and nonhuman no longer make sense; a world where people die for no reason except that a guard has decided to kill them; a world where there are no comrades in adversity but an endless 'grey zone' where many are implicated in the evil that is taking place and all are contaminated by it. In the universe of the concentration camp, most prisoners are stripped of all dignity and lose even their will to survive. They become part of 'an anonymous mass, continually renewed and always identical, of non-men who march and labour in silence, the divine spark dead within them, already too empty to really suffer' (Levi 1979: 96). In one sense they have become non-human. They no longer care whether they live or die; their only interest is in food and shelter: 'One hesitates to call them living: one hesitates to call their death death, in the face of which they have no fear, as they are too tired to understand.' 2 However, not everyone in the camp is brought to this state. Some manage to retain their human dignity through various strategies or through luck: they become camp officials, or they steal from fellow inmates, or they obtain privileges that mean they have more to eat or less strenuous work to perform. Survivors are drawn mainly from this group of course, and they are the ones that bear witness to the camps. The question is: In this context, is it more human to retain one's dignity, one's 'humanity', or to lose it? 3


People in Song Dynasty carried on the law of Tang Dynasty,they properly broadened the terms of voluntary surrender,and set further detailed regulations of the Law of Voluntary Surrender under Arrest.This demonstrated the tendency that the utilitarianism of law had gradually influenced the legislation of confession to justice,which has been manifested by the controversies over A'yun Case in Shenzong's age of Earlier Song Dynasty,and the legislative changes in the system of voluntary surrender.Therefore,as is the same with the other countries,ancient China was experiencing the process from absolute surrender to relative surrender.In this process,the basic reason why the utilitarianism and impartiality of law are going to merge in conflicts is that it is"outside the law",which is closely related to the then social environment,historical conditions,which was a need-based process.


This paper puts forward the essences of Lu Jiuyuan's idea, "Xin (mind) equals to Li (reason)" is clearly shown in the elaboration of the righteousness of The Book of Changes——universalism, the absoluteness and the ultimacy of "the reason of changes" is unimpeachable. However, this reason is an object not outside but united with human mind. The best way of self-cultivation is to wipe out the coxcombical mirage, so as to return to the syncretism of inside and outside.


In this article we deal with the issue of network traffic monitoring in large multi-channel wireless IoT networks. Assuming known link conditions on all radio channels, i.e. connectivity matrix defined through Packet Delivery Ratio on all frequencies and all links between nodes, we propose two methods for defining the number and the positions of sniffer devices, with the goal to maximize the capture of network traffic. Method I is based on probabilistic theory and assumes brute-force search over the connectivity matrix for defining the optimal positions of a given number of sniffers, or, for a given percentage of the traffic to be captured as the input parameter, this method determines number of sniffers and their locations. Due to the computational complexity of brute-force search of the connectivity matrix, we complement Method I and propose Method II. Method II is based on graph theory and uses the minimal Packet Delivery Ratio on each link as the input parameter for defining the number and position of sniffers. We input traffic traces from an experimental testbed into the network to examine and compare both methods. Results show that the Method I outperforms Method II in the percentage of captured network traffic, for a given number of deployed sniffers. However, Method II complements Method I in scenarios where there are a large number of sniffers, due to lower computational complexity.


The University of Alaska Fairbanks Nanook EV team's electric snowmobile has a 51.5 km (32 mi) range at 32 km/h (20 mi/h) under optimal snow conditions and with the competition's allowable battery capacity. In last year's competition UAF won first place with the much improved chassis: a Ski-Doo Renegade Sport 550F (wet weight: 232 kg (512 lb)). This year we are using the same snowmobile, with very many similar components. The modified NetGain WarP 7 DC-series motor is connected directly to the sprocket shaft using a Gates Poly Chain. The accumulator is con d to support a maximum of 222 V using a series string of Zippy Flightmax Compact "10S" 5.8 A·h lithium-ion polymer hybrid cells, which utilize a gel electrolyte. However, the battery box, contains a mere 1.287 kW·h accumulator. Innovation was a key design concept as the team developed the first electric snowmobile on the Ski-Doo RevXP Chassis. This was a difficult design challenge with its tight pyramidal frame; however the result is having one of the most efficient snowmobile chassis available, running on electric power. The design allowed for any part to be easily removed and replaced. The team developed a robust Battery Management System (BMS) based on the Peter Perkins open source work. This innovation consisted of modifying the programming for a user display that contains battery information, power monitoring and speed. Not content with current DC motor controllers the team utilized the Open ReVolt plans to come up with a reliable and safe unit. The 137 inch suspension was retained to allow for use of the GTX silent track technology and assist during the drawbar pull. Our innovations have kept our MSRP the lowest amongst the competition sleds. The snowmobile weighs a record-breaking 218 kg (481 lb) and has a top speed of 120 km/h (75 mi/h) and a noise level of less than 60 dB. This snowmobile is poised to do very well in the competition. Table 1 summarizes our goals.


In response to curricular reform, a particularly effective new approach was developed for a course offered at all nine IUSM centers. Participants will learn about interdisciplinary planning, implementation of a "Grand Rounds" approach, novel use of audience response system for retrieval practice and formative assessment of teaching methods, and how Bloom scale ratings relate to student engagement and focus. . GOAL 1: Comparable at all 9 Centers GOAL 3: Active Engagement of Learner "I found myself more engaged with the Q & A response so that I wouldn't feel like I was disrupting class." NOVEL USE OF Audience Response System  End of Session Questions formative teaching evaluation GOAL 4: Development of Higher Order Skills "Pulmonary Grand Rounds! This was BY FAR the best learning experience we have had throughout Phase 1 curriculum thus far." GOAL 5: Increase Student Participation in Course Evaluations


The dislocation substructure and precipitation in type 316 stainless steel deformed in creep have been investigated using a transmission electron microscope. Creep tests were carried out at 823, 873 and 923 K over a broad range of stress levels. The rupture lives varied in the range of 100 to 139000 h. The dislocation substructure was found to depend on the test temperature and stress level. Uniformly distributed dislocations, dislocation cells, equiaxed subgrains and elongated subgrains have been observed depending on test conditions. M 23 C 6 carbides were present in the matrix at almost all the test conditions. The substructural observations are correlated with the mechanisms of creep deformation.


where a, bj, t(j = 1,2,...,«) are positive constants. Equation (1.1) denotes a generalization of the equation ^p= rN(t)[K-N(t-r)]/K, (1.2) in which r, K, r are positive constants. By a change of variables (1.2) can be put in the form (1.1) with n = 1. It has been suggested by Hutchinson [22] and Wangersky and Cunningham [42] that (1.2) can represent the dynamics of a single-species population system growing with a constant reproduction rate r toward a saturation level K, the term [K N(t)]/K denoting a feedback mechanism which takes t units of time to respond to changes in the population size. Cunningham [5] indicated that (1.2) can be used to


A tight-binding quantum Hamiltonian and an empirical embedded-atom model (EAM) potential are used to get insight into the finite-temperature behavior of small Lin clusters, n = 8, 20, and 55. Exchange Monte Carlo simulations provide an extensive sampling of configuration space, including the putative global minimum and many relevant isomers. The heat capacities obtained from the classical simulations are corrected for low-temperature quantum delocalization using the Pitzer-Gwinn approximation. Alternatively, the caloric curves are estimated from the database of local minima using the quantum harmonic superposition approximation. While the two atomistic models predict qualitatively similar features, including some premelting effects in Li20 but none in Li55, strong variations are observed in the melting temperatures, the EAM potential giving unexpectedly low values.


Conical tank system is a non-linear system. Due to its non-linear behaviour, it is a challenging problem to control the liquid level in the tank. Real time processes are always exhibits non-linear property. In many process industries like Chemical industries, Petroleum industries, Paper industries, Water treatment plants, Fermentation industries etc.., it is preferred to have conical tank system because, it leads to better drainage of solid mixtures, slurries and viscous liquid at the bottom of the tank. In this project work, Internal Model Controller(IMC) is designed and response of the process is obtained in both simulation and real time. Due to changes in process parameters the behaviour of the system can be varied. To measure an exact performance of the system, the faults introduced into the conical tank system and to be detected. If not, the faults which degrade the performance of the system. Various fault diagnosis methods are to be considered. PID controllers are used to detect the faults in conical tank system. Consequently, they can provide better output performance which can be measured in terms of overshoot, set point tracking and settling time. Keywords—Conical tank system, PID controller, Internal Model Control, Fault diagnosis and estimation ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________


The aim of this study was to study the feeding behaviour of indigenous goats and the selection drivers of different plant species in a Mediterranean forest rangeland. To achieve this goal, the seasonal variations in terms of forage availability and quality of ingested plant species were studied during three grazing seasons. In the same period, eight indigenous goats of Beni Arouss breed were selected to explore the seasonal changes in their browsing behaviour. Forage quality was determined by the hand-plucking technique. The results showed a wide seasonal variation in forage availability and quality, and feeding behaviour. Woody species were more selected independently of the season (p < 0.001). The crude protein content varied from 53.3 g/kg of dry mater (DM) for Erica arborea in summer to 197 g/kg DM for Calicotome villosa in autumn (p < 0.001). Despite the high condensed tannins content in selected shrubs, they were highly consumed. In vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) had recorded the highest contents in herbaceous during spring. Shrubs and trees contain the lowest levels of IVOMD (<500 g/kg) and ME (<7.2 MJ/kg) during autumn and summer. It is concluded that seasonal changes in forage availability and quality did not necessarily affect the indigenous goats' preference. These findings could help goat herders to develop feeding and grazing systems while increasing the performance of goats in the Mediterranean silvopastoral system.


Scarcely mentioned in the debate over NYC's proposed Park 51 Mosque is the earlier controversy that surrounded the building that would replace the Twin Towers. Yet underlying both debates are questions about the proper constitution of the democratic community as well as its appropriate architectural representations in a nation increasing defined by and anxious about its religious diversity. Indeed, suspicion about the motives of Park 51's sponsors has inspired questions about the commitment of American Muslims to the country's democratic values. I argue that democratic theorists are poorly equipped to respond to these dilemmas because they have focused on describing practices that initiate democratic communities and possibilities rather than sustain them. I criticize recent interpreters of Arendt who prioritize initiation over the practices of tending to the conditions of possibility for the radical elements of her work. I argue that Arendt's attention to the reflexive relationship between culture, architecture in particular, and the formation of political judgment may provide the basis for an architecture better suited to the cultivation of democratic practices. To conclude, I examine the practices of judgment informing the place-making activities developed by American Muslims as part of their weekly prayer service to argue that these are not only critical for sustaining community but are also broadly democratizing.


Novel topological phenomena are anticipated for three-dimensional (3D) Dirac electrons. The magnetotransport properties of cubic ${\rm Sr_{3}PbO}$ antiperovskite, theoretically proposed to be a 3D massive Dirac electron system, are studied. The measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and Hall resistivity indicate the presence of a low density ($\sim 1 \times 10^{18}$ ${\rm cm^{-3}}$) of holes with an extremely small cyclotron mass of 0.01-0.06$m_{e}$. The magnetoresistance $\Delta\rho_{xx}(B)$ is linear in magnetic field $B$ with the magnitude independent of temperature. These results are fully consistent with the presence of 3D massive Dirac electrons in ${\rm Sr_{3}PbO}$. The chemical flexibility of the antiperovskites and our findings in the family member, ${\rm Sr_{3}PbO}$, point to their potential as a model system in which to explore exotic topological phases.


A centrifugal powerless evaporator includes a cylindrical shell; a middle shaft and an impeller are arranged in the shell; the upper end and the lower end of the middle shaft are respectively connected with the shell by an upper supporting rod and a lower supporting rod; the impeller consists of a plurality of vanes and hubs; the vanes are uniformly arranged on the hubs along the circular direction; the hubs are connected with the middle shaft by a bearing; a gas collection conflux hood is suspended and arranged below the shell; a clearance is arranged between the top part of the gas collection conflux hood and the bottom part of the shell; the gas collection conflux hood is connected with the cylindrical shell; the moving part of the utility model is the impeller; the impeller rotates automatically under the action of air flows to generate vortex effect; the resistance to the gas is small, thus leading the gas to smoothly circulate; the faster the speed of the air flow is, the higher the rotating speed of the impeller is and the larger the centrifugal force is; under the action of the centrifugal force, the water drops on the vanes are thrown to the wall of the shell; under the action of gravity, the water drops flow into a seal box along a draught tube; thereby fast and effectively removing the water in the gas.


devices require increasing amounts of power as processors and sensors improve. Unfortunately, battery capacities are increasing at a much slower rate. This is especially an issue in mobile robotics where there is not only an assortment of sensors and processors, but also higher-current actuators that demand a significant amount of power. The required battery weight and size is a bottleneck when attempting to achieve miniaturization or longer operational range. Traditional commercial batteries can quickly become depleted, thus severely limiting the functionality of mobile robots. This paper will explore common commercial as well as several investigational rechargeable battery types. Each battery type will be evaluated for use in robotic applications in order to provide some insight into current and emerging choices for various applications.


Background: Numerous studies have compared CT with DWI ASPECTS, yet differences in timing between study acquisition may impart error or confound. We analyzed a large cohort of concurrently acquired CT and MRI to discern differences in regional variation in the ability to detect early ischemia.

Methods: CT and DWI were acquired within 1 hour of each other during the first 8 hours after symptom onset and pooled from two large academic stroke centers for these analyses. Two raters independently scored CT ASPECTS and DWI ASPECTS at separate reading sessions. Modified DWI-ASPECTS (including only >20% per region) was also scored. Consensus readings were then utilized to compare regional ASPECTS across the 3 ASPECTS scales using the kappa statistic.

Results: 136 patients underwent both CT and DWI within 1 hour of each other in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. Regional involvement on DWI included caudate in 57%, lentiform in 73%, insula in 69%, internal capsule in 24%, M1 in 34%, M2 in 49%, M3 in 36%, M4 in 21%, M5 in 57% and M6 in 41%. The agreement between CT and DWI varied by region, from caudate kappa 0.616 (0.484-0.748), to lentiform 0.602 (0.457-0.748), insula 0.690 (0.558-0.822), internal capsule 0.374 (0.189-0.559), M1 0.583 (0.435-0.731), M2 0.515 (0.389-0.641), M3 0.421 (0.275-0.568), M4 0.453 (0.262-0.644), M5 0.388 (0.268-0.507) and M6 0.500 (0.366-0.634). Modified DWI-ASPECTS (>20% per region) and CT demonstrated overall better agreement, yet still markedly varied by region. In general, CT and DWI ASPECTS reveal good agreement in subcortical structures, whereas very limited agreement is noted in several cortical ischemic regions. Modified-DWI ASPECTS improves cortical agreement, yet remains poor in the internal capsule.

Conclusions: Detection of early ischemia varies considerably depending on the location or topography depicted with either CT or MRI. Deep subcortical regions are best detected with either modality, whereas cortical regions exhibit marked distinctions. Modified DWI ASPECTS improves agreement with CT ASPECTS in cortical regions.


The author of the article presents critical look of Rozewicz at the globalization of the world. It emphasizes the disappearance of rational cognitive sources and points to the consequences of economic changes of the 20th century. She also identifies marketing as an industrial instrument to reach as many customers as possible, because the modern people used to satisfy spiritual needs with material goods, the effect of this action is astoundingly profitable. Referring to the work of sociologists and political analysts (such as George Ritzer, Jean Baudrillard, Benjamin Barber, Marshall Berman), the author interprets the poem entitled Valentine's Day (poem from the end of the 20th century) as a human response to participation in the consumed world. The analysis of the text shows a critical attitude towards the contemporary media, but not without a witty sense of humor, typical to Rozewicz's writing.


ICRF has been applied at power levels up to of 4 MW for plasma heating with good results in the L‐ and H‐modes, alone and in combination with NI. Mainly minority heating has been applied so far, in some cases combined with second harmonic. Modulation experiments allowed to determine the power absorption efficiency, deposition profiles and the local heat conduction. The ICRF was also shown to have further interesting and beneficial effects on the plasma: the central impurity concentration of tungsten injected by Laser Blow Off was reduced, and a transiently improved energy confinement at the beginning of the NBI pulse was stabilized. The influence of plasma variations on the RF system and methods allowing stable operation, e.g. during the ELMy H‐mode, were studied. Coupling measurements were also used to examine SOL characteristics. Experiments comparing antennas with and without Faraday screen show only minor differences of their electrical properties and heating characteristics.


We give an overview about different options for energy efficient FEC realizations in future optical communication systems. We especially highlight different options for realizing energy efficient decoders for higher order modulation formats.


OBJECTIVE
To compare how disability, fear of movement, psychosocial status and quality of life are affected in terms of low back-neck health status in three occupational groups using different work postures.

METHOD
Three hundred thirty-nine individuals participated in this study from the following three different occupational groups: group A, where the individuals worked in a prolonged sitting position (secretaries), group B, where the individuals performed dynamic activities in a standing position (cleaning workers) and group C, where the individuals worked in a prolonged standing position (private security officers). The participants were evaluated by Million Visual Analog Scale, Neck Disability Index, Oswestry Disability Index, Nottingham Health Profile, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

RESULTS
It was found that disability, emotional status and the quality of life were minimally affected, but kinesiophobia was increased in all of the occupational groups. In the group C, low back pain disability, quality of life and fear of movement were more affected than the other groups (p< 0.05).

CONCLUSION
For the occupational groups with long working years, the presence of kinesiophobia should be considered and cognitive-behavioural treatment methods should be recommended. In cleaning workers, low back pain is an important risk factor. Therefore, its awareness should be increased, and preventive programmes should be offered.


Distillation separation process for 2,5 dimethyl 2,4 hexadiene is proposed based on energy integration.Optimal simulation computation and analysis is carried out.Sufficient data are provided for separation process design.Real production proves that the process has improved the present production status of 2,5 dimethyl 2,4 hexadiene and greatly increased the economic performance.


The article gives a review of the population history of the Polish National Region named after Julian Marchlewski (settlement of Dovbysh, Zhitomir province, Ukraine). The author explores the psychological factors affecting the preservation of culture, religion and identity of the Polish community in the period of the repressions 1920-30 years. The article researches and analyses the phenomenon of internal psychological migration as a factor in preservation of national and personal self-identity.


A source of intermittent noise in oxide-cathode receiving valves is identified with the presence of variable leakage paths between certain electrodes. The dependence of this phenomenon on valve parameters is discussed and mention is made of an improvement in valve design which inhibits the growth of inter-electrode leakage.


Were been examined 20 blood samples from reformed sheep with ovine oestrosis.The sheep were then slaughtered and the necropsy of their heads confirms thepresence of Oestrus ovis larvae. A brut antigen was prepared from O. ovis larvaefrom I, II and III stadiums of evolution, after Bautista method (1982), with a proteiccontent of 3.84 total protein/ml serum (P.T.). The obtained results after I.D.S.R. testemphasized that O.ovis larvae induced in infected animals immunologicalreorganizations characterized through antibodies synthesis in dependence oninfestation degree. The results of I.D.S.R. test indicates this method for an immunereaction through antibodies syinthesis evaluation in O. ovis infested sheep, but itcan't be use for an ovine oestrosis diagnostic purpose, because has 0.83 sensibilityand 0.50 specificity.


The article presents an analysis of media messages about dyslexia, focusing on the controversy and emotions
concerning the disorder, which occurs in public opinion. Journalistic and common knowledge available in the
media is becoming a valuable source of information on the social mood and attitudes towards dyslexia. The
meaning of the newspaper articles, forum and blog entries, web graphics may reveal the wrong understanding
of dyslexia phenomenon, as well as negative perception of people with dyslexia or perceiving the disorder as
a type of "epidemic" or "educational trend". Such opinions on dyslexia are strongly criticized by people with
the disability, their families and researchers working on learning difficulties. in the light of arising controversy
and polemics, occurring frequently in the media, the need for further research on the phenomenon, the
promotion of in-depth knowledge and introducing systematic, educational changes are the essential conditions
needed for a complete understanding of the disorder.


The lean thinking accentuates on the philosophy of continuously improving performance by systematically eliminating wastes. Lean thinking [1] was introduced to extend the concept from manufacturing floor to various fields like health care, supply chain, service industries, construction, hotel industries etc. Experience shows that adopting lean thinking requires abandoning deeply engrained mainstream management thought routines and this is never easy. As various lean tools when applied to industries results in development. Now this is the time to adopt this valuable tool of development in agriculture field for changing its status. This paper is intended to provide an overview on concept of lean thinking and its applicability for implementation on farming by conferring with various lean tools.


In the brick manufacturing industry, there is a growing concern among researchers to find solutions to reduce energy consumption. An industrial process for obtaining bricks was approached, with the manufacturing mix modified via the introduction of sunflower seed husks and sawdust. The process was analyzed with artificial intelligence tools, with the goal of minimizing the exhaust emissions of CO and CH4. Optimization algorithms inspired by human and virus behaviors were applied in this approach, which were associated with neural network models. A series of feed-forward neural networks have been developed, with 6 inputs corresponding to the working conditions, one or two intermediate layers and one output (CO or CH4, respectively). The results for ten biologically inspired algorithms and a search grid method were compared successfully within a single objective optimization procedure. It was established that by introducing 1.9% sunflower seed husks and 0.8% sawdust in the brick manufacturing mix, a minimum quantity of CH4 emissions was obtained, while 0% sunflower seed husks and 0.5% sawdust were the minimum quantities for CO emissions.


In this report, our collective experience with a technique of glottic reconstruction using intraluminal stenting, thyroid perichondrium, and invested cervical fascia is reviewed, with emphasis placed on survival and functional outcome


The incidence of vascular dementia (VaD) increases year by year, and it is more valuable in the prevention and treatment than Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the research on pathogenesis of VaD has very important medical and social significance. Studies have showed that some neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, monoamines and excitatory amino acid, etc, neuropeptides including somatostatin and vasoactive substance, etc, free radicals and some hormones all participated in the process of learning and memory, and they may play an important role in the occurrence and development of VaD.

Key words:
vascular dementia; neurotransmitter; neuropeptide


As indicated in the previous chapters, a family or family member may decide to specialize the keeping system of usually one selected species whenever an opportunity presents itself. As depicted in Fig. 6.1 (page 54), the keeping of this species then changes from low input and diversified to a more specialized system. This implies a higher input level in terms of labour and other inputs than low-input systems. The rest of the animal species will remain under the low-input conditions. When a family decides to dedicate itself more to one species and to intensify its husbandry, they may do so for various reasons. There are often special reasons within the family in combination with changes in the external situation. Some general factors may influence this transition, for example:


Among the parameters of the signal measured by the SMAP radiometer to identify RFI is kurtosis which indicates the departure of the received signal from a gaussian distribution and therefor helpful in identifying RFI. But the kurtosis has the potential to provide additional information. This manuscript reports results of an investigation examining the connection between the level of kurtosis (K) and the characteristics of the source of the RFI. It is shown, for example, that the level of can be used to distinguish the short pulse, relatively wideband RFI associated with radar from the narrow bandwidth signals associated with faulty consumer electronics.


Psoralens are medicinal photosensitizing furocoumarins which are used in photochemotherapy and photoimmunotherapy of dermatoses. Psoralen photooxidation products may be involved in therapeutic effects, but the possible mechanisms of their action remain unclear. The study was aimed to assess the prospective pharmacological effects and mechanisms of activity for six previously identified ortho–hydroxyformyl-containing psoralen photooxidation products and their cycloadducts with aminothiols, as well as for structurally similar compounds (furocoumaric acid and tucaresol). Chemoinformatic analysis of the prospective pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of these compounds was performed using the PASS and PharmaExpert software. The predicted pharmacological effects partially confirmed by previous studies highlight the possible involvement of psoralen photooxidation products in the effects of PUVA therapy or photopheresis during the course of dermatoses and proliferative disorders treatment. A broad spectrum of pharmacological effects found for furocoumaric acid and cycloadducts of coumarinic and benzofuranic photoproducts of psoralen with cysteine and homocysteine appoints new directions of research relating to therapeutic use of psoralens.


The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device of a fine pattern, which adhesive layer the patterned photoresist as a first mask pattern, and then oxidizing the polysilicon or amorphous silicon, silicon oxide as a second mask film pattern, repeated fine pattern is transferred to the target layer, thereby forming a fine pattern smaller size. Without changing the existing lithography infrastructure under the premise of increasing the limit of lithography.


[1] This article presents the first results regarding the investigation of the response of the equatorial ionospheric F region in the African sector during geomagnetic storm periods between April 2000 and November 2007 using GPS-derived vertical total electron content observed at Libreville, Gabon (0.35°N, 9.67°E, dip latitude −8.05°S). We performed a superposed epoch analysis of the storms by defining the start time of the epoch as the storm onset time. During geomagnetic storms, the altered electric fields contribute significantly to the occurrence of negative and positive ionospheric storm effects. Our results showed that the positive storm effects are more prevalent than the negative storm effects and generally last longer irrespective of storm onset times. Also, the positive storm effects are most pronounced in the daytime than in the premidnight and postmidnight periods.


HUBBS, C. L. AND J. D. BLACK. 1947. A revision of Ceratichthys, a genus of American cyprinid fishes. Misc. Pub. Mus. Zool., Univ. Mich. No. 66, 56 pp. AND K. F. LAGLER. 1958. Fishes of the Great Lakes region. Rev. ed. Bull. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. 26, 213 pp. AND E. C. RANEY. 1947. Notropis alborus, a new cyprinid fish from North Carolina and Virginia. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Univ. Mich. No. 498, 17 pp. ILLICK, H. J. 1956. A comparative study of the cephalic lateral-line system of North American Cyprinidae. Am. Midi. Nat. 56(1): 204-223.


The generation of photovoltaic solar energy worldwide has increased significantly in recent years. This is mainly due to the growing demand of society for electricity, the need to reduce environmental impacts, and costs of such technology. The installation of a photovoltaic system with horizontally fixed panels requires a significant unshaded area, which has become increasingly scarce, especially in urban centers. The photovoltaic solar tree is a strategy used to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic systems by reducing the occupied area and optimizing the orientation angles of the panels. The originality of this work was that, through a literature review in different researches, seven relevant parameters related to solar photovoltaic trees were analyzed: (i) modeling and simulation, (ii) tree topology, (iii) orientation of the panels, (iv) constructive characteristics, (v) solar tracking, (vi) occupied area and (vii) site multiple uses. It was found that the photovoltaic solar tree is an interesting alternative to generate renewable energy for places without large enough areas, which can be used for other purposes, such as crop production and parking. Finally, it was concluded that, to date, there are no studies available in the literature on the optimization of photovoltaic generation per area for different topologies of known solar trees.


Mutations in the calreticulin gene ( CALR ) have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). With rare exceptions, CALR mutations are considered mutually exclusive with JAK2 or MPL and have until recently not been reported in conjunction with the BCR-ABL1 translocation. The only other report of a coinciding BCR-ABL1 translocation and CALR mutation was recently published by Cabagnols et al ( N Engl J Med. 2015;372:688-690). Here …


Experience products (e.g., Apps) require purchase or sampling in order to evaluate product quality. Online content reviews and free trial version of the product both can provide information for consumers to reduce quality uncertainty when evaluate product quality. This paper studies the firm's pricing strategy of apps when free trials meet online reviews by considering the impact of informativeness of online reviews and the perceived quality homogeneity of the product. We define the value of the perceived quality homogeneity of free trial dividing informativeness as H/I ratio. Our results show that when the H/I ratio is low no consumer would try the free version and the optimal price with online reviews is higher than that without online reviews. However, when H/I ratio is relatively high some consumers would try the free version but the optimal price with online reviews equals to that without online reviews. Moreover, the optimal price, optimal demand of commercial version, the optimal demand of free trial version and the optimal profit are all increasing in the informativeness of online reviews. Some implications and future research directions are also discussed.


A relatively new concept for producing joints in structures made from polymers with potential for polymer-matrix composites is presented, described, positioned, and organized. Named here integral micro-mechanical interlocking or IMMI (pronounced "eye-my") joints, the concept is derived from several different traditional integral attachment approaches, but on a finer scale. As such, IMMIs offer the freedom from fasteners and fastening tools and the ease of assembly sought in design for assembly (DFA) philosophy, with expected improvements in strength compared to joints in polymer-matrix composites made by conventional mechanical fastening or adhesive bonding. The position of IMMIs within an overall hierarchy ofjoining methods is shown, and three fundamental approaches are identified, described, and illustrated, depending on whether the interlock is accomplished in a rigid, elastic, or plastic fashion. An IMMI design matrix is also presented that shows general performance expectations in shear, tension, and overall load-carrying capability and utility. The overall intent of the paper is education, organization, and stimulation of thinking.


An improved one-stationary bistatic synthetic aperture radar (OS-BiSAR) range migration algorithm (RMA) with loss compensation for millimeter-wave imaging is presented. In the process of image reconstruction, the 2-D spectral amplitude factor is considered during the Fourier transform process for compensation of the propagation loss, and the linear-phase 2-D spectrum formula is derived. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Numerical simulations and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in compensating range loss, resulting in range-independent consistency in image resolution and contrast.


Summary Five conscious adrenalecto-mized dogs on a high-sodium diet Received iv injections of 650 μg of estradiol, 650 μg of estriol, or vehicle alone. Every animal Received each of the three injections on separate days. One hour prior to and 4 hr following the injection, the urinary excretion rates of Na and K, creatinine clearances, and plasma Na and K concentrations were determined. After administration of estradiol, the urinary Na excretion decreased from 154 ± 7 (SEM) to 63 ± 7 μequiv/min (P < 0.01); urinary K excretion also declined from 22 ± 4 to 10 ± 4 μequiv/min (P < 0.05). Following the injection of estriol, urinary Na excretion fell from 139 ± 8 to 56 ± 16 μequiv/min (P < 0.01), while urinary K excretion decreased from 21± 2 to 9 ± 3 μequiv/min (P < 0.01). Administration of the vehicle alone did not alter the rate of urinary excretion of Na or K. No detectable changes in creatinine clearance occurred following administration of estrogens or the vehicle. Plasma Na concentration remained unaltered, but plasma K declined slightly in all experiments. These studies demonstrated that estrogens administered iv require 2-4 hr for pronounced effects on urinary Na and K excretion, and that the acute Na-retaining effects of estrogens are not mediated by adrenal steroids or by decreases in glomer-ular filtration rate. Surgical assistance was provided by Mr. Charles Payne, Mr. Jerry Benedict, and Mr. Dale Welch. Creatinine determinations were performed by Ms. Rebecca Wright.


Abstract 1,3-Diacylglycerols modified in 2-position were synthesized by combining enzymatic and chemical methods. The syntheses started from the regioisomerically pure 1,3-dilauroylglycerol or 1,3-dimyristoylglycerol obtained from glycerol and vinyl esters of carboxylic acids by means of lipase from Mucor mihei. The 2-hydroxyl group in the glycerol derivatives was subsequently substituted by phosphate as well as its disodium salt, by sulfate, phosphocholine, the benzyloxy, the succinimidyl or the amino group.


The rewritten version of the Akedah story in Jubilees. 17:15–18:19 describes that the idea of testing Abraham did not originate with God, but rather with another character, Prince Mastema; the Lord only approved his idea. In contrast to the biblical Akedah story, the rewritten version in Jub. 17–18 presents the Lord as completely good. One aim of the rewritten version of the Akedah story in Jubilees, therefore, is theological, in order to transform the Lord into an omniscient God, who is also completely good. The rewritten Akedah story in Jubilees foreshadows the pentateuchal Passover law by dating the event to the fourteenth of the first month, and by adding the motif of Isaac as a firstborn. In contrast, the legal passage dates Abraham's journey to the dates of the festival of Unleavened Bread.Keywords: Abraham; Akedah story; God; Isaac; Jubilees; pentateuchal Passover law; Prince Mastema; unleavened bread


Introduction: Because amiodarone generates free radicals that may mediate amiodarone's toxicity, simultaneous therapy with an antioxidant might be beneficial if the antioxidant did not impair amiodarone's antiarrhythmic action. We tested whether simultaneous administration of a flavonoid antioxidant, silymarin, altered the electrophysiologic (EP) actions of amiodarone in 62 open chest dogs with electrically induced atrial flutter created by a Y‐shaped right atrial incision.


The innovational approaches to teaching foreign students of the medical university at the pre-university stage and using some latest educational technologies in particular are considered. The aim of using teaching module technology is to create the choice conditions for complete mastering of educational programs in a different sequence, different extend and tempo through separate educational modules with regard for individual abilities and interests of the subjects of the educational process. Conclusion: Introduction of the latest technologies in educational process is the means of teacher's professional improvement and efficiency of student's activity.


ABSTRACT Ten administrators were interviewed from residential facilities that serve sex trafficking victims in the United States in order to gain a better understanding of the programs they use to treat their clients. Residential facilities are defined as centers designed to separate victims from their perpetrators while proving residential treatment and training to maintain a life outside of sex trafficking. Study participants were asked to describe the clients they serve, the services they provide, the way services are structured, and the standards they use to measure success. Key findings show that residential facilities designed treatment around five program categories to address multiple needs of sex trafficking victims. These are social support, counseling, education, job skills, and life skills. The study also found that residential facilities do not have standards for the evaluation of their programs or a standard definition of success.


Renewable energy development is growing fast and is expected to expand in the next decades in West Africa as a contribution to addressing the power demand and climate change mitigation. However, the future impacts of climate change on solar PV and the wind energy potential in the region are still unclear. This study investigates the expected future impacts of climate change on solar PV and wind energy potential over West Africa using an ensemble of three regional climate models (RCMs). Each RCM is driven by three global climate models (GCMs) from the new coordinated high-resolution output for regional evaluations (CORDEX-CORE) under the RCP8.5 scenario. Two projection periods were used: the near future (2021–2050) and the far future (2071–2100). For the model evaluation, reanalysis data from ERA5 and satellite-based climate data (SARAH-2) were used. The models and their ensemble mean (hereafter Mean) show acceptable performance for the simulations of the solar PV potential, the wind power density, and related variables with some biases. The Mean predicts a general decrease in the solar PV potential over the region of about −2% in the near future and −4% in the far future. The wind power density (WPD) is expected to increase by about 20% in the near future and 40% in the far future. The changes for solar PV potential seem to be consistent, although the intensity differs according to the RCM used. For the WPD, there are some discrepancies among the RCMs in terms of intensity and direction. This study can guide governments and policymakers in decision making for future solar and wind energy projects in the region.


correspondence mapping is the fundamental problem to achieve human like vision capabilities to machines and robots. Many local and global algorithms have been reported in literature in the last decade. Window-based cost aggregation methods for solving the correspondence problem have attracted researches as it can be implemented in real time using parallel processors. In this paper a new window-based stereo matching algorithm with segment controlled window at each pixel to compute disparity map has been proposed. The proposed method uses sum of square difference correlation function on the window. In the proposed algorithm, pixels of square window which lie on the same segment to which the center pixel belongs are only considered while creating the window. Further, left-right consistency check is applied to generate disparity map taking full advantage of speed and simplicity of window based method.


This article presents a computer assisted procedure for virtual fragmentation of molecules. The proposed algorithm defines fragments which usually coincide with the classical functional groups. The fragmentation criteria are the bond order's value of the chemical bonds and the type of the connected atoms (hydrogen, carbon, heteroatom).


Aiming at the problems of the traditional industrial waste disposal, such as heavy workload, low efficiency and poor safety, a single visual servo sorting robot based on SVM is designed. These include intelligent identification and classification systems, and wireless communication systems. The robot adopts a rectangular coordinate robot structure. After collecting picture information, the robot interacts with the upper computer. The SVM algorithm is used to identify and classify the waste material to realize autonomous sorting and transportation of waste material. When the system is applied in practice, it can effectively reduce labor input, improve recovery efficiency, and reduce production costs.


(1996). The evolution of distance education: Emerging technologies and distributed learning. American Journal of Distance Education: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 4-36.


The crystal structure and the microstructure of epitaxial Sr4Fe6O13±δ thin films grown on a single-crystal SrTiO3 substrate by PLD have been investigated. A combination of electron diffraction and high-resolution microscopy allows us to refine the structure and to identify an incommensurate modulation in the Sr4Fe6O13±δ films. The incommensurate structure (q = αam* ≈ 0.39am*, superspace group Xmmm(α00)0s0) can be interpreted as an oxygen-deficient modification in the Fe2O2.5 double layers. Moreover, it is shown that the experimentally determined α component of the modulation can be used consistently to estimate the local oxygen content in the Sr4Fe6O13±δ films. The compound composition can therefore be described as Sr4Fe6O12+2α and the value α = 0.39 corresponds to a Sr4Fe6O12.78 composition. The misfit stress along the Sr4Fe6O13±δ/SrTiO3 interface is accommodated via both elastic deformation and inelastic mechanisms (misfit dislocations and 90° rotation twins). The present results also suggest the existe...


The current domestic exterior insulation system fire incidents are frequent. The study of exterior insulation system fire performance gets more and more relevant national authorities and insiders' attention. Based on two sides wall exterior insulation system as the research object, fire prevention experimental research method of insulation system and the insulation system temperature spread rule are expounded. Reveals the insulation system burning speed and scope of the fire from spreading under the action of the fire. The temperature and temperature field change regularity and insulation system of damaged situation after combustion are compared, and structural measures to improve the insulation system fire performance role is drawn.


This paper presents two independent case studies selected from n = 11, an 11-year-old male with Down's Syndrome and another 12-year-old male with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). An audiovisual immersive interactive environment was developed to encourage creative interaction and expression from the participants. The feedback was via a microphone attached to a sound processor to capture any vocal utterances or speech, additionally the child's gestures were captured through a digital camera and mapped to computer vision algorithms to create a 'moving painting', and then further to a MIDI sound source that responded to the movements of the child. Results indicated increased engagement spans whilst in the environment, atypical communicative responses in the case of the ASD child; highly expressive gestural movements that vividly illustrated aspects of the theory of movement as postulated by Laban (1963) and Laban and Lawrence (1974); and increased vocal utterances.


By knowing the biocompatibility of the five kinds of extractant system,such as oleyl-20% decanol alcohol,oleyl-40% decanol alcohol,1-octanol,1-heptanol and ethyl acetate,a mixed extractant that contains decanol in oleyl alcohol is chosen for its low toxicity to the strains.After measuring the extraction rate of oleyl-decanol alcohol,phase rate of 1∶5 and a mixed extractant that contained 20% decanol in oleyl alcohol are combined to carry out in-situ extractive acetone-butanol fermentation,resulting 19.21 g/L of butanol concentration.Butanol productivity could be 62.8% higher than that of control,meanwhile,comparing with the control,total organic solvent productivity increases by 42.3%.


IEEE Standard 519-1992 is nearing the final stages of a revision. The major goals of this revision are to incorporate experience gained since 1992 and to further harmonize with other standards in this field, notably IEC Std. 61000-3-6. The major areas of revision which have been identified, drafted, and reviewed are summarized in this paper. These include the addition of harmonic voltage limits for point-of-common coupling locations with a rated voltage of less than 1.0 kV, the adoption of the harmonic measurement protocols of IEC Standard 61000-4-7, the inclusion of interharmonic limits, and the incorporation of statistical methods to capture time-varying aspects of harmonics in a way consistent with IEC Standard 61000-3-6. Additional topics which have been proposed as a result of the initial review process are also presented


Effect of low temperature stress treatment in five selected clones of Camellia sinensis (T-17, TV-19, TV-25, TV-29, TV-30) was found to be significant. Guaiacol Pero xidase (GPX) decreased with decreasing temperature. PPO decreased with decreasing temperature showing highest activities at 20℃ in all clones. CAT activit ies decreased in T-17, TV- 29, and TV-30 with decrease in temperature with exceptions in TV-19, and TV- 25 which showed increase catalase ( CAT) and guaiacol pero xidase (GPX) activ ities. A decreasing trend of lip id pero xidation was observed in all the clones with decreasing temperature. Total phenolics content was highest in all clones at 20℃ with exception in TV- 30, wh ich showed lowest at 20℃. Total sugar content was found to be highest in all clones treated at 20℃. The present study indicates that various clones of tea showed a range of physiological and biochemical sensitivities under a lo w temperature stress


Brightly luminescent semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) continue to play an increasing role in biophotonic research and applications such as bioassays. Here, we present methods for the immobilization of QDs on the cellulose fibers of paper substrates for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based assays of proteolytic activity. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence characterization of FRET between immobilized QDs and self-assembled dye-labeled peptides within the paper matrix revealed a substantial enhancement in energy transfer efficiency. Compared to bulk solution, the rate of energy transfer increased approximately fourfold resulting in a concomitant sevenfold increase in the ratio of FRET-sensitized acceptor dye emission and quenched QD emission. Spots of immobilized QDs with different amounts of dye-labeled peptide had bright luminescence under UV/violet illumination and the net QD and Alexa Fluor 555 (A555) dye emission was visible by eye as different colors. Tryptic digestion of the peptides linking the QD donor and the acceptor dyes resulted in loss of FRET. Changes in the dye/QD photoluminescence (PL) ratio permitted the tracking of proteolytic activity, including the effect of increasing amounts of aprotinin, a potent inhibitor of trypsin. The combination of QDs, a paper substrate, and enhanced FRET has strong potential for developing bioassays.


Introduction: Intracerebral bleeds are the second most common cause of stroke. The initial consciousness level and progressive deterioration and various radiological parameters like hematoma volume, its expansion, mass effect and location has been implicated with poor outcomes of Intracerebral Hematoma (ICH) regardless of the management methods. In this study we aimed to study various clinical and radiological parameters associated with outcome of spontaneous supratentorial ICH.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out in 89 patients of spontaneous supratentorial ICH admitted to National Institute of Neurological and Allied Sciences, Nepal in between January 2015 to December 2015 to assess various parameters associated with its outcome. Outcome of the patients were assessed against various clinic-radiological and demographic variables using chi square test and student's t test respectively for categorical and continuous variables using IBM SPSS 20 software.
Results: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (p=0.00), size of hematoma (p=0.034), presence of midline shift (0.000) and presence of intraventricular hematoma (p=0.020) were found to have statistically significant difference when compared in between good and poor outcome group.
Conclusion: GCS at admission, size of hematoma, midline shift in cerebral tomography scan (CT scan) and presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were significantly associated with outcome of spontaneous Supratentorial ICH.


With the proliferation of physical attacks the implicit assumptions made in traditional security models no longer reflect the real world. To address this issue, a number of new security models, e.g. Algorithmic Tamper-Proof Security, have been proposed. In this work, we take another step and identify the cryptographic properties of a particular family of physical functions, termed as Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), that exploit physical phenomena at deep-submicron and nanoscale level. PUFs provide low-cost tamper-evident and tamper-resiliant implementations. Motivated by this fact, we specifically describe a general method for constructing Pseudorandom Functions (PRFs) from a class of PUFs. We provide a formal model for certain types of PUFs that build the basis for PRFs, which we call PUF-PRFs. Furthermore, we show experimentally that some real world PUF instantiations (e.g., SRAM PUFs) satisfy the model. This strongly indicates that PUF-PRFs can indeed be physically realized.


This paper deals with the hystological anatomy of the caterpillar and of the adult Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel (Lep., Brassolidae), a pest of palm trees. A few organs, particulary reproductive and digestive ones, were studie.


Abstract Benzyl and allyl halides undergo homocoupling when treated with zinc in the presence of a catalytic amount of a cationic iridium(III) complex under irradiation with 400 nm light-emitting diodes. The reaction proceeds through the intermediate formation of an organozinc reagent, which disproportionates to a free radical and elemental zinc under photoredox conditions.


We report an improved method to extract the optical absorption coefficient of a semiconductor electroabsorption modulator. Only the transmission and photocurrent data are needed with this method. The method makes it possible to obtain the optical coupling efficiency between laser and modulator, photocurrent conversion efficiency, and optical absorption coefficients from experimental data.


Gas-solid two-phase flow in a tangentially-fired boiler(TFB) is simulated with Eulerian-Lagrangian stochastic model. Dynamics of the particles with different Stokes number are analyzed by comparing particulate velocities, void fraction of volume and trajectories at burner region and exit of the furnace. Due to such different dynamical properties as inertia, responsiveness to gaseous flow and turbulent diffusiveness, particles with different Stokes number show evident variance of dispersion characters, based on the gas flow pattern in the boiler. The impact of particle dispersions on the problems of TFB such as slagging and gas-side-temperature-imbalance are discussed. It is also found that due to strongly non-uniformity of gaseous velocities on the burner region, the resident time and trajectory length of the particles are sensitive to its starting positions. Predicted results are compared with particulate velocities measured by 3D-PDA, the general good agreement is achieved.


Canonical tensor model (CTM for short below) is a rank-three tensor model formulated as a totally constrained system in the canonical formalism. In the classical case, the constraints form a first-class constraint Poisson algebra with structures similar to that of the ADM formalism of general relativity, qualifying CTM as a possible discrete formalism for quantum gravity. In this paper, we show that, in a formal continuum limit, the constraint Poisson algebra of CTM with no cosmological constant exactly reproduces that of the ADM formalism. To this end, we obtain the expression of the metric tensor field in general relativity in terms of one of the dynamical rank-three tensors in CTM, and determine the correspondence between the constraints of CTM and those of the ADM formalism. On the other hand, the cosmological constant term of CTM seems to induce non-local dynamics, and is inconsistent with an assumption about locality of the continuum limit.


The education planning of "One Student,One Village" is a serious method for revitalization of agriculture by Science and Education of Heilongjiang province.And it is the guarantee to building a new socialist countryside.The article discusses how to carry out library extra service to the student of the planning.We should do our best to educate excellent students graduated from agricultural universities and provide technical-support and talent-security for the development of rural areas.


The invention discloses a novel solar sludge vacuum drying device comprising a box body. The box body is connected with a vacuum extractor; a sludge placing plate is arranged in the box body; a heat pipe near the sludge placing plate is connected with a medium and high temperature solar collector; and the lower part of the box body is provided with a sludge draining valve. The invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, favorable effect of environmental protection, no environmental pollution of waste gas in the process of drying, excellent drying performance, simple process and easy operation and reduces the moisture content of sludge to about 20 percent from about 80 percent.


The purpose of this paper is to determine spectrum and fine spectrum of the operator $\Delta_{uv}$ on the sequence space $c_0$. The operator $\Delta_{uv}$ on sequence space $c_0$ is defined as $\displaystyle \Delta_{uv} x=(u_n x_n + v_{n-1} x_{n-1})_{n=0}^{\infty}$ satisfying certain conditions, where $x_{-1}=0$ and $x=(x_n) \in c_0$. In this paper we have obtained the results on the spectrum and point spectrum for the operator $\Delta_{uv}$ on the sequence space $c_0$. Further, the results on continuous spectrum, residual spectrum and fine spectrum of the operator $\Delta_{uv}$ on sequence space $c_0$ are also derived.


During software maintenance, regression testing is an expensive but critical activity to ensure that modified versions of the system do not "regress". As software evolves, chances are that not only the implementation changes, but that the specification of the system changes too. We argue that guiding regression testing by the system specifications generated early in the software lifecycle will be more accurate than extracting specification from source code, and more cost effective. Model checking is used to reason about the truth of statements about the system specification. We use a model checker as part of a highly automated regression test generation tool, providing a practical approach to specification based regression testing. Features of our approach that support different specification description languages and different test coverage criteria are also presented.