Objective To explore the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in nurse of reproductive age and compare the characteristics of four phenotypic subgroups.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in nurses aged 18-45 years in Renji Hospital in 2011.Questionnaire and anthropometric and biochemical assessments were made.Pelvic ultrasound evaluations were made and blood androgen levels were determined.Diagnosis of PCOS was based on Rotterdam 2003 criteria,consisting of anovulation/oligo-ovulation (ANOVU),clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA) and polycystic ovaries (PCO).Results There were 520 participants and finally 486 individuals finished questionnaire and androgen level determination.283 subjects were totally normal,48 suffered from PCO,129 HA,and 89 ANOVU.54 out of 486 women were diagnosed as PCOS,a prevalence of 11.1%.A significant difference exited only in age among four phenotypic subgroups (P<0.05).There was no statistic difference in other parameters.Conclusion Establishing an explicit definition of each condition in PCOS criteria has important investigational implications and increase the comparability of published researches.Application of Rotterdam criteria is feasible for earlier diagnosis and timely intervention in order to prevent serious complications.

Key words:
Polycystic ovary syndrome ;  Rotterdam criteria ;  Prevalence ;  Phenotype


This paper introduced the emusion of 5% acetamiprid and beta-cypermethrin which is the new pesticede formulation . The experimental results of the rate of feed , storage stability , insecticidal activitar and the charactieristic of this formulation showed that it has the advantage of low cost ,good effect ,stadle guality , safety and economical benefits .


Drug therapy has a secondary function in the management of patients with alcoholism. The benzodiazepines are the drugs of choice for treating alcohol withdrawal, especially initially, in a high-dose loading technique. The alcohol-sensitizing drugs disulfiram and calcium carbimide may help your patients to maintain abstinence, but full medical assessment of the patient and knowledge of the adverse effects of these drugs is required prior to their use. The management of the disulfiram ethanol reaction is described.


Petroleum exploration in Australia has evolved through three distinct phases and is now entering a fourth. It began with the wild, speculative flurries that culminated in drilling on the Coorong, South Australia in 1892, it was revived by the accidental discovery of gas near Roma at the turn of the century leading to the oil boom from 1926 to 1933, and it reached its peak in 1962-72 in the third phase, after which exploration activity has gone into decline. Examination of the economic, political and social background to the industry reveals that, on the national scene, political events rather than economic and social trends have had greater impact on the fluctuating course of its development. International influences also appear, in many instances, to be of greater significance than domestic factors. Much time and effort have been devoted by industry, government and academics to the analysis of economic, political and social influences on Australia's petroleum exploration but it is quite obvious that the basic determinant Is still the oft-forgotten geologic-technological factor. The condition of the domestic industry depends primarily on the potential of Australia's sedimentary basins and the quality of the technology used to explore them. In the long term, all other influences are temporary in their impact and subordinate in their ultimate effect.


In the last decade a lot of attention has been paid to the spectra of dileptons produced in heavy ion collisions. In particular, CERES data of 1995-1996 [1] were extensively analyzed and discussed both by the CERES collaboration (which released only recently the definite version of their results [2]) and by many theorists [3]. Whereas the spectra from pBe and pAu collisions agree satisfactorily with a "decay cocktail" Rc(m) (R calculated from the known yield of various hadrons and their decay processes, dominated by ρ in the mass range 0.6−0.9 GeV/c2), already the SAu collisions show a clear excess of dileptons with masses in the range 0.2−0.8 GeV/c2, and no clear peak at the ρ mass [2]. More recently, the dimuon spectra from the In-In ion collisions were presented [4] from an experiment which collected thousand times as many events. However, these data are not normalized to the charged hadron spectra. The excess of dileptons was established assuming no excess for the ω and φ peaks and the standard ratio ρ/ω' 1.2 for the "cocktail" contribution. In this note we suggest to use the dilepton results for a very simple test of basic assumptions concerning the space-time development of particle production in heavy ion collisions. Let us remind first that many hadron-nucleus data are reasonably described if the process is treated in the first approximation as a superposition of nucleon-nucleon interactions (more precisely, an idea of "wounded nucleons" is used, where the number of interacting "wounded" nucleons, and not the number of interactions, determines the multiplicity) [5, 6]. This idea was also implemented successfully in the string-like MC generators [7]. On the other hand, nucleusnucleus (heavy ion) collisions are known to produce more particles, than the "wounded nucleon model" predicts, and many "collective effects" contradicting the superposition picture were found to exist [8]. There are many proposals to cure this problem ("wounded quarks" [9], string interactions leading to "color ropes" [10] etc.), but no satisfactory global description of data in this framework was presented. Therefore the different description is used, where the collision is supposed to produce (after some preliminary stages) a "hadron gas" expanding and cooling thermodynamically (in a chemical equilibrium?) until the "freeze-out" stage, from which hadrons flow freely to the detectors (obviously subject to decays on their way) [11]. Both the transverse spectra and the relative hadron multiplicities were successfully described in this picture [12] as well as many other data [13]. However, this fact cannot be regarded as disqualifying definitely a "superposition" picture, as it is possible to imitate "thermal spectra" of transverse momenta by the string decays, when the string tension fluctuations are taken into account [14] (in fact, similar spectra are seen for elementary collisions [15]). Also the "chemical composition" of hadrons may be explained similarly. In the last decade the majority of physicists accepted the suggestion that the collision leads to a "quark-gluon plasma formation" [16] (possibly preceded by a "color glass condensate" state [17], whose interaction explains some features of the plasma state). The evolution of this plasma, ruled by the equations of QCD, leads eventually to the hadronization, possibly followed by a "hadron gas" phase before the "freezeout". However, some characteristics of plasma survive in measured hadron quantities [18]. Dileptons belong to the small class of signals which may collect the contributions from all the stages of the process, since the lack of strong interactions allows them to escape both from "quark-gluon plasma" and from "hadron gas", and, obviously, they may result from the electromagnetic decays of hadrons on their way to detectors. In the case of neutral pions, for which no competition from strong decays exists, this last process is certainly a dominant component, and the "lowest mass" dilepton spectrum is simply proportional to the number of final pions (and thus rather independent of the adopted assumptions on production process). This is, however, not the case for heavier mesons, for which the branching ratios for the electromagnetic decays are small. In particular, the dileptons from ρ decay were investigated and their yield was found to depend crucially on the process.


We construct instances of the symmetric traveling salesman problem with n = 8k cities that have the following property: There is exactly one optimal tour with cost n, and there are 2k-1k-1! tours that are next-best, have arbitrarily large cost, and cannot be improved by changing fewer than 3k edges. Thus, there are many local optima with arbitrarily high cost. It appears that local search algorithms are ineffective when applied to these problems. Even more catastrophic examples are available in the non-symmetric case.


This is a journey of memory and emotion, from images of Country to interpretive drawings and photos that contemplate the state of transition, a shared space.
» More on the School of Art website


Objective: To analyze the clinical profile of obese patients with COVID-19 in ambulatory care during the first wave of the pandemic. Methods: A retrospective observational study conducted in an outpatient setting in Aracaju/SE, Brazil. The patients with COVID-19 received medical care in a referral center from April to August 2020 and were followed remotely. Clinical data was analyzed using Jamovi 1.2.27. Results: Of 1,134 patients with COVID-19, 288 (25.4%) were obese, 59.7% were women. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease were more frequent in the obese group. Dyspnea and diarrhea were more frequent in obese individuals, while odynophagia, nausea, and vomiting were more common in non-obese individuals. Attending physicians prescribed more antibiotics, ivermectin, corticosteroids, and heparin for obese patients. Hospital admission (6.6% vs. 3.1%; p=0.008) and use of oxygen therapy (5.1% vs. 2.1%; p=0.011) were more frequent in the obesity group. Obesity was independently associated with hospital admission in multivariate analysis (OR: 2.561, 95% CI 1.352 - 4.853; p=0.004). The lethality rate was higher in obese individuals (2.1% vs. 0.7%; p=0.049). Conclusion: In this outpatient cohort of COVID-19 patients, there were more comorbidities among obese individuals. Despite the low frequency of unfavorable outcomes overall, obesity increased the risk of hospital admission and there were more deaths among patients with obesity.


1. Theory predicts that if optimal reproductive effort is adjusted with changes in density, then an equilibrium should result in which any change in density will result in a change in reproductive effort as the system returns to equilibrium (Schaffer & Tamarin 1973). If reproduction lags behind density, then a clockwise trajectory through reproduction-density space will result. Seasonality may alter the equilibrium point by affecting resource abundance. Many temperate rodents appear to adjust reproductive effort with changes in density to optimize individual fitness, thereby conforming to predictions. 2. Populations of Neotropical rodents living in seasonal environments have not been studied for sufficient duration to examine relationships among resource abundance, density and reproductive activity. Populations of Proechimys semispinosus (Tomes 1860) (Central American spiny rat) on four small(< 3 ha) islands in Panama were sampled by monthly live-trapping for 4 years to examine changes in density and reproductive effort. Fruiting trees were also censused to examine the relationship between density and resource abundance. 3. Density and reproductive effort (number of young born per adult female) varied significantly over time and among populations. Length of each annual breeding season and age and body mass at first reproduction in females also varied. 4. Phase plots of young born per adult female and breeding season length vs. total density both progressed clockwise through reproduction-density space in all four populations. 5. Breeding-season density was positively related to density of fruiting trees and lianas. 6. We suggest that resource abundance was a major determinant of breeding-season densities, and reproductive effort may have been adjusted in response to changes in density. Thus, resource abundance was a major force driving population trajectories through reproduction-density space.


The SOCK system is intended to provide a set of procedures for sociometric clique identification. The procedures in SOCK are based upon numerical clustering techniques which isolate highly interrelated subsets of individuals. Since clustering techniques do not generally work well when operating on simple dichotomous choice data, i.e., on adjacency matrices, these procedures involve the derivation of some matrix of pairwise social distance or proximity from the dichotomous choice data.


The evaluation study deals with the function of money in the management of economic and business processes. The author has postulated a yearly time potential 525,600 minutes as a commodity for its time-based money system. The author has defined a new currency—a Monetary-Minute Currency (in abbreviation MonMin Currency, ṁ )—as a value of the GDP per capita of a specific state divided by the number of minutes per year (525,600). The author has calculated the MonMin values for the U.S. and Czech economies in the 2010-2018 years. The author has found out, that the MonMin Currency is a usable tool for comparison of living costs and economic performances of the individual states, as well as for evaluating a quality of monetary policy of states. The author has identified distortion of the real Czech economy outcomes expressed in US$, in comparison with outcomes in the MonMin Currency in CZK. In author's opinion, the Czech Crown's exchange rate against the US dollar was determined on the money market rather than based on the real economy in 2010-2018.


Two-dimensional (2D) layered double hydroxides (LDH) are classic materials in fundamental research and practical application. 2D LDH have unique structural features, such as high aspect ratio, high specific surface area,...


– In this presentation, we will discuss crystal growth and scintillation properties of large diameter SrI<inf>2</inf>:Eu2+ single transparent crystals. The crystals were grown successfully using the vertical Bridgman technique. Crystals with different diameters from 1 inch to 2 inches are discussed. SrI<inf>2</inf>:Eu2+, a scintillator discovered a half century ago by Hofstadter, was recently re-discovered as an outstanding material for gamma ray-spectroscopy. Its key properties include good non-proportionality, high light yield (from 85,000 to 120,000 photons/MeV) and excellent energy resolution (2.8 % at 662 keV). Due to its good properties our immediate focus has been on scaling up and development of this material for commercial use. Other properties of SrI<inf>2</inf>:Eu include Z<inf>eff</inf> of 50, a mono-exponential decay with a time constant of 1μs to 5 μs (depending on crystal size and dopant concentration), an emission band at 410-450 nm (2.7-3.0 eV). SrI<inf>2</inf> also shows no intrinsic radioactivity unlike lanthanide compositions.


Abstract : This document analyzes arrival runway occupancy times, separation, and interarrival time data collected in July 1984 at New York La Guardia and Boston Logan Airports. Runaway occupancy time data collected in December 1983 at Newark airport is also included in the study. The data collection effort was undertaken by FAA's Terminal Procedures Branch, to obtain baseline reference data at a busy airport operating a single arrival stream under the current separation standards. In addition to the summary data, means, standard deviations, and the number of observations are included for statistics on the three types of data collected. These are broken down by aircraft type (Small, Large, and Heavy), by runway at each airport, and, for La Guardia, by weather condition (VMC and IMC). Also, a comparison is made of runway occupancy times in wet- versus dry-runway conditions. Additional keywords: data reduction; weather; tables(data); instrument flight rules.


In recent decades, the popularity of hitchhiking in North America has undoubtedly
declined. Nonetheless, the tradition persists—albeit residually—as people continue to
hitchhike in both community based (short-distance) and long-distance contexts. This
thesis draws on interviews with hitchhikers based in Newfoundland and Cape Breton,
who have hitchhiked and picked up hitchhikers from the 1960s to the present day.
Hitchhiking strategy is considered through the framework of occupational folklore, and
the use of such strategies for fostering trust is discussed. This thesis also examines
hitchhiking personal experience narratives from a folkloristic standpoint, questioning why
these narratives are often assessed as "good" (i.e., engaging) narratives, while analyzing
how hitchhiking personal experience narratives might convey values and ideas about
trust. Although a range of trusting attitudes is documented, the interviewed hitchhikers
are generally positive about their experiences; many connect hitchhiking with a
deepening sense of empathy, and exhibit counter-hegemonic attitudes towards reigning
"cultures of fear." While considering the influence of gender, location, and historical
context, this work aims to demonstrate the connection between hitchhiking folklore and
trust, on both an individual and societal level. By examining hitchhiking as a narrative
resource, rite of passage, and source of empathy, this thesis also shows how hitchhikers
may derive meaning from and situate their experiences in the greater context of their
lives.


The otosco pic view is that of the left ear of a 15-yearold boy, taken 2 months after he had undergone revision surgery. At the age of 13 years, he had undergone surgery for an attic cholesteatoma via a closed techn ique. A tragal car tilage graft had been used to recon struct the attic wall, but the patient developed a retraction pocket. Thi s recurrence led to a second intervention-this time via an open technique (modified radical mastoid ectomy). The photo shows the malleus (minus the head, which had been amp utated), the chorda tympani supporting the pars tensa, and the transposed incus on the head of the stapes. The atticoantral cavity appea rs to be epithelialized and healthy-or at least under control. It is surprising to see bubbles at this level. Thi s evidence of serous otitis is further confirmed by the dullness and dark hue of the drum , which extends upward under the epithelialized tissue of the atticoantral cavi ty. The patient' s hearing fluctu ated; it was excellent when the ear was well aerated, and it was worse when there was a seromucinous build-up, which necessitates paracentesis or placement of a tympanostomy tube. Thi s case illustrates the fact that acquired cholesteatoma is associated with an underlying physiopathology in the middle ear. Cholesteatoma must be removed because it might lead to complications . In choosi ng a surgical techniqu e, the surgeon must consider the nature of the underlying disease process, which is not always easy to assess.


Abstract Comparative studies on cross-national policy transfer and diffusion emphasize an impressing degree of policy convergence in many areas. This holds true, in particular, for the environmental field. However, we are still confronted with limited knowledge about the mechanisms accounting for this phenomenon. Against this backdrop, we theoretically investigate the impact of three different convergence mechanisms that are generally seen as central sources of cross-national policy convergence: regulatory competition, international co-operation and transnational communication. In particular, our focus is on the analysis of the interaction of these three factors. As will be shown, the empirically rather likely interaction of different mechanisms constitutes a plausible explanation for the still puzzling gap between the theoretical prediction of a race to the bottom through regulatory competition and the lacking empirical support for this hypothesis.


In cycler and semi-cycler Mars mission architectures a crew "taxi" docks with the interplanetary transfer vehicle on a hyperbolic flyby trajectory, hence the term "hyperbolic rendezvous." An algorithm that guides the taxi to intercept the transfer vehicle is presented with a control law for final approach. When navigation and thrust uncertainties are included, the vehicles dock at a closing rate of a few cm/s with a misalignment of a few cm. Because this maneuver is critical to crew survival, we advocate redundant systems and propellant margin for 3-σ (~99.7%) reliability. These safety measures lead to marginal increases in taxi mass.


I think that the sessions have been extremely interesting and provocative. It would be a shame to end the meeting without an opportunity to raise further questions, and to tie some issues together between the various sessions, such as relationships between the clinical and basic issues. There are many interesting loose ends, perhaps related to neural transplantation in general or to specific issues raised in the various sessions, that it would be useful to try to tie together. At the same time, because we have a large audience and hopefully many of you have important things to say, we are going to set some ground rules for the discussion that will give everybody an opportunity to speak. Therefore, we have chosen some specific topics as a way of beginning the discussion, and then we will open the discussion to the floor. We are going to ask the people who are speaking to limit themselves to 2 minutes so that everyone or nearly everyone can get an opportunity to speak. The first issue in which several people have expressed a significant interest, is a continuation of the discussion concerning the design of clinical trials, and what do we need to do next to move the field forward. I have had a request from Patrick Aebischer to start that discussion.


This study researched the structure and scale of teachers'professional identity with the integrated qualitative and quantitative research method.The results showed: teacher's professional identity is a multi-dimensional systematic structure composed of four factors: occupational values,role values,the sense of occupational belonging and professional behavior inclination."Primary,Middle and High School Teachers'Professional Identity Scale" formulated in this study is of fine reliability and validity and it is applicable to the measurement of the professional identity of Chinese primary,middle and high school teachers.


In this article, multi‐time reflection phenomenon induced by fiber connector at the connection point of device module in engineering applied all‐fiber long‐distance distributed vibration sensing system is analyzed and discussed. Despite the application of phase generated carrier (PGC) technology, this multi‐time reflection phenomenon severely degrades the performance of the system. Through theoretical analysis and experiments on the basis of PGC technology, it is found that the influence of multi‐time reflection on the system can be suppressed by selecting appropriate modulation frequency according to the position of the reflection point, and the distortion of the phase retrieved signal is effectively eliminated.


Access to justice is a fundamental right of workers stipulated in a set of international, EU and national instruments of law. The lockdowns induced by the Covid-19 pandemic have had double negative impact on the effective enforcement of this right. While pandemic-related lockdowns resulted in an increasing number of labour disputes and dismissals as well as generated novel and difficult questions of labour law, accessibility of legal remedies in Hungary became limited through the (temporary) restrictions concerning the functioning of the judiciary. In parallel, emergency-related amendments of labour law have, on the one hand, supported the survival of undertakings, on the other hand, restricted individual and collective rights of workers. This paper is designed to give a comprehensive view on the endeavours of Hungarian labour courts to guarantee the possibly uninterrupted and safe maintenance of litigation in labour cases.


Behind the ghost of the Iron Curtain lurks a public health crisis. Superseded in the media by East-West tension and military flare-ups, infectious disease has launched its own war on the Russian Federation. Besides the HIV epidemic, which has continued to escalate for decades, the Russian Federation has become a greenhouse for multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). This problem is not just a problem of the Russian Federation, but has worldwide significance due to the spread of resistant TB. Furthermore, the issue has not received the attention it deserves from the international media or the Russian government.  MDR-TB in Russia needs to be taken more seriously.


The site of this bin, which was exec led by the Ministry of Works for the Mines Department. is approximately two thousand feet above sea level on the Denniston Plateau overlooking the Tasman Sea. It has an annual rainfall averaging 200 in.with snow to complicate matters in winter. In fact, adverse weather was one of the main problems encountered on this project. and was one over which neither management nor workmen had any control. Extremely high winds are experienced at the site. A n idea of their force can be gained from the following. The original plans called for cross-bracing on the 35 ft. main legs to a height of 22 ft. 6 in. However, the force of the winds on the 9 x 4 R.S.J.'s spanning the bin caused the 1 3 x 5 R.S.J, legs to bend between the 22 ft. 6 in.


Aimed at the requirement of disassembly/assembly Training for complex equipment and practical situation of the troop training,the paper constructed the frame of virtual disassembly/assembly training and examination system by means of modeling software and virtual reality technology.In the paper,it introduced the realization process of system function,and proposed the method of training and examination for virtual disassembly/assembly of complex equipment,and recommended the process of man-machine interaction.The virtual reality technology owns lots of advantages in its intuitive and interactive property and good repeatability,etc.,and therefore it has great development space and better application prospects in complex equipment training,maintenance.


Purpose – To examine the work done by the business development managers (BDMs) who are employed by the pub owning companies with leased/tenanted estates to support the individual licensees.Design/methodology/approach – The public statements issued by the pub owning companies, together with job descriptions were studied. A national survey about the attitude of leaseholders to their landlords was considered, and then both BDMs and lessees were interviewed, so as to see if the employers, the BDMs and the lessees agreed about the service provided.Findings – The companies maintained that the BDM assisted the individual licensees, but licensees felt that they lacked real power and existed mainly as a debt collector and a company man to check that the tie is not broken. The national survey suggested dissatisfaction with the business relationship between lessee and landlord.Research limitations/implications – The case study was confined to a small number of lessees and BDMs. Practical implications: the work confi...


We show that the quality of sentence-level subjectivity classification, i.e. the task of deciding whether a sentence is subjective or objective, can be improved by incorporating hitherto unused features: readability measures. Hence we investigate in 6 different readability formulae and propose an own. Their performance is evaluated in a 10-fold cross validation setting using machine learning. Thereby, it is demonstrated that sentence-level subjectivity classification benefits from employing readability measures as features in addition to already well-known subjectivity clues.


In order to more fully comprehend contemporary Brazil one must understand some of the recent changes of capitalist system. One must take into account that the inflexibility of capitalism is completely connected to a historical process that is multifaceted and needs to be viewed within the developmental paradigm here in Brazil . This paper highlights some of reflections derived from the relation between Brazil and financial globalization.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical effect of OPIN suppository and microwave treatment of chronic cervicitis in combination with HPV infection.METHODS A total of 167 patients with chronic cervicitis in combination with HPV infection were randomly divided into the observation group and control group in accordance with the principle of informed consent.80 cases of control group were treated by microwave,87 cases of observation group were treated by OPIN suppository combined with microwave.The clinical effects of two groups were compared and analyzed.RESULTS The cure rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the amount of vaginal discharge and the timing of bleeding scab off were significantly better than the control group,the differences were all statically significant between two groups(P0.05).CONCLUSION OPIN Suppository combined with microwave has satisfactory clinical effect in treating chronic cervicitis in combination with HPV infection,and it is conducive to the rehabilitation of the patients and is worthy of the promotion in clinics.


The need for a new health paradigm is irrefutable and well documented. The ever increasing number of complex chronic diseases that cannot be managed by the "pill for an ill" model of traditional health care has necessitated a medical paradigm that deals with the underlying causes of complex chronic diseases instead of the symptoms they manifest. A systems biology approach to medicine adopts the abundant scientific evidence that the human body operates through a web of interconnected systems, not as individual organs or organ systems working alone and independent of one another. Consider life as a tree, where the branches represent different organs and their corresponding specialties of medicine (eg, cardiology, pulmonology, psychiatry). These branches and specialties operate largely independently of one other in the current medical model, yet all of the branches are joined together at the trunk of the tree. Functional medicine addresses the state of the "trunk," recognizing that there are core, unifying imbalances that are common to many chronic diseases, such as inflammation (Figure). We hypothesize that there are seven "roots" to the tree of life, seven fundamental necessities to thrive. These are outlined in our modified functional medicine tree as follows:


We present Polonium, a scalable and e↵ective technology for detecting malware. We evaluated it with the largest anonymized file submissions dataset ever published, which spans over 60 terabytes of disk space. We formulated the problem of detecting malware as a large-scale graph mining and inference task, for which we construct a huge bipartite graph of almost 1 billion nodes from our data, 48 million of which are users, and 903 million are files. Edges, each denoting a file appearing on a machine, exceeds 37 billion. Our method for identifying malware is to locate files with low reputation. Our Polonium algorithm computes file reputation based on the fast and scalable Belief Propagation algorithm (O(|E|)), which iteratively improves inference quality. With one iteration, our method attained 85% true positive rate (in detecting malware). With more iterations, the true positive rate further improves for an additional 2%, which is a significant improvement given the baseline performance is already very good. We detail important design and implementation features of our method which enable its successful application on our dataset. We also present empirical observations on characteristics and patterns in our large billion-node graph.


Abstract French film-makers have long recognized the primordial importance to the nation's 'imagined community' of the centralized public school system, which, since the early days of the Third Republic, has been viewed as a bulwark of Republican values. In this essay, I discuss the ways in which two recent films, Abdellatif Kechiche's L'Esquive/The Dodge (2004) and Laurent Cantet's Entre les murs/The Class (2008), interrogate the role French schools play in shaping national identity. Both films focus on language as a marker of difference as well as a point of tension, performance and potential subversion, by exploring the respective contrast between the aggressive street French of the respective films' adolescent protagonists with the stultifying bureaucratic discourse of the inflexible educational system (in Entre les murs ) and Marivaux's elegant eighteenth century French (in L'Esquive ). Accorded significant media attention for their portrayal of the experiences of school-aged youth, both films have thus contributed to the ongoing national debate about what it means 'to speak, and to be, French' (Doran 2007: 498).


The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the effect of participative leadership, interpersonal communication, and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT Putra Wijaya, Klaten, Central Java. This research uses causal-comparative research. The research object is the transportation service company PT Putra Wijaya, Klaten, Central Java. Research data were obtained by distributing questionnaires. The population of this research is all employees who work at PT Putra Wijaya, Klaten, Central Java. This research utilizes 77 respondents. The results prove that participative leadership, interpersonal communication, and job satisfaction have a significant effect on employee performance. This research proves a strong influence on job satisfaction.


With the ever-greater creation of data, new ways to extract information from it in faster ways is a subject of great interest to the scientific community in general and any entity that may benefit with the interpretation of data. Virtual reality, although not a recent discovery only now is becoming broadly available and driving new state of the art designs and implementations. Nonetheless, already existing results, provide positive feedback of virtual reality on some cases of data visualization. One of the scientific areas that may benefit from virtual reality technology visualization is the scientific field of material sciences. A current project of FCT is the Tomo-GPU system that was developed to aid the material scientists in processing and visualizing their data. This work focuses on the integration of a virtual reality visualization on the Tomo-GPU system to aid material scientist in interpreting their data more efficiently.


Olfactory loss is a challenging clinical problem with few proven therapeutic options. Early experimental results with olfactory training suggest that this novel therapy may be an effective intervention for olfactory dysfunction of multiple etiologies. The aim of this study was to systematically review currently available studies that assess the efficacy and outcomes of olfactory training in patients with olfactory loss.


For regions or nations which historically have had low levels of domestic R&D investment, such as Ireland, North and South, inward investment represents a potentially important source of inward knowledge transfer. Using data from large multi-national plants throughout Ireland this paper examines the geography of knowledge within Irish manufacturing, focussing particularly on knowledge gaps and knowledge transfer activity. The analysis suggests four main empirical results. First, no significant knowledge gaps exist between the Irish plants of multinational (MNE) companies and international best practice. Second, larger knowledge gaps exist between MNE plants and their best local suppliers suggesting the potential for local learning in the supply chain. Average knowledge gaps to suppliers also tend to be larger in the North. Third, there is no clear evidence that knowledge transfer activity is more intensive where knowledge gaps are widest. In particular, developmental interaction between MNE plants and suppliers tends to be more common in the South. Fourth, MNE plants indicated they had a larger impact on their suppliers in the South. These results suggest the potential benefit of policy measures both to increase knowledge transfer activity along the supply chain but also between companies which are not trading partners. The InnovationLab conducts research and other activities to support the development of innovation strategy and policy by firms and government organisations throughout Ireland. The InnovationLab is based at the Northern Ireland Economic Research Centre and continues the Centre's research on innovation that began in 1994. Hallmarks of the research conducted by the InnovationLab are its policy-relevance and international perspective. In addition to its main research activities the InnovationLab undertakes other teaching, training and contract-research activities for public agencies in Ireland, the UK and internationally. InnovationLab staff, and its international research partners, have particular expertise in innovation benchmarking, conducting local innovation audits and developing innovation promotion strategies for local authorities and regional development agencies. More details about the activities of the InnovationLab, its publications and a range of information on business innovation in Ireland can be found at www.innlab.org, or by contacting Stephen Roper 028-9026-1811 or Nola Hewitt-Dundas028-9026-1813. EURO-ASIA CENTRE (EAC) The Republic of Ireland's first Research Centre dealing with Euro-Asian relations was established at the University of Limerick in January 1997 in order to promote the contribution of the country to Asian affairs, from a European perspective. The major research projects of the EAC deal with the issues of technological change, technology & knowledge transfer, and economic growth, in developed as well as developing countries. Recent publications include: The Changing Economic Environment in Asia, McMillan/Palgrave: London, 2001), and 'The Impact of Technological Change on China's Economic Growth', Paper delivered at the International Conference on the Chinese Economy, Shanghai, 14-15 December 2001). More information on the activities and publications of the EAC can be found at the web-site www.ul.ie/eac/ or by contacting B. Andreosso-O'Callaghan (Phone number: ++353 61 202204).


We present a computationally efficient scheme of modeling the phase-ordering dynamics of thermodynamically unstable phases. The scheme utilizes space-time discrete dynamical systems, viz., cell dynamical systems (CDS). Our proposal is tantamount to proposing new Ansa$iuml\char22{}tze for the kinetic-level description of the dynamics. Our present exposition consists of two parts: part I (this paper) deals mainly with methodology and part II [S. Puri and Y. Oono, Phys. Rev. A (to be published)] gives detailed demonstrations. In this paper we provide a detailed exposition of model construction, structural stability of constructed models (i.e., insensitivity to details), stability of the scheme, etc. We also consider the relationship between the CDS modeling and the conventional description in terms of partial differential equations. This leads to a new discretization scheme for semilinear parabolic equations and suggests the necessity of a branch of applied mathematics which could be called ``qualitative numerical analysis.''


Local characterizations of electric, magnetic, mechanical, electrochemical, and structural properties of materials by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) can be carried out by sensing variations of the contact cantilever's resonance frequencies, resulting in diverse microscopy techniques such as piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) and piezomagnetic force microscopy (PmFM), to name a few. In this work, we provide a simple setup to determine such frequencies, together with the dynamic response of the SPM cantilever and its harmonics. The setup is less expensive when compared to the commercial versions and allows a better control of the in-and-out PFM. It is based on the use of the internal AC source of a lock-in amplifier controlled by software developed in LabVIEW. In order to illustrate the utility of the contact resonance frequencies in the SPM, resonance-PFM, PFM non-linearities, discrimination of ferroelectric from non-ferroelectric responses and PmFM measurements, and determination of the modulus of elasticity by AFAM are conducted.


PURPOSE: To suppress electric power loss in the secondary side. CONSTITUTION: A tertiary winding N3 provided on the secondary side of an isolation converter transformer PIT is wound to obtain lose coupling between a primary winding N1 provided on the primary side of the isolation converter transformer PIT and a secondary winding N2 provided on the secondary side, thus it is possible to reduce the peak current of secondary current I4 outputted from a second half-wave rectifier circuit 3 with the tertiary winding N3 of the isolation converter transformer PIT.


Peptic ulcer is one of the most common diseases in developed countries as revealed by morbidity surveys. It is now believed that a large proportion of peptic ulcers are initiated by infection with H. pylori . According to Mera the natural habitat of this bacterial organism is the stomach. It is believed to be transmitted primarily by faecal-oral route.


A lost diary documenting the last days of Scottish physician Sir James Young Simpson (1811-1870), who discovered the anaesthetic properties of chloroform, has been found in a secondhand bookshop run by …


In this article the author illustrates a gap between irrigation potential created and utilised and gives the probable reasons for the short-fall of the utilisation of irrigation potential created. He further illustrates how the long term credit facilities to ryots helped to achieve the complete utilisation of the irrigation potential created in the Musi Project in Andhra Pradesh within a short period of 3 years, which otherwise, in the normal course would take at least 10 years.


The 10CFR50.55a, paragraph 9, regulation requires that operating nuclear facilities perform a baseline preservice inspection and then periodically perform in-service examinations of piping systems, components, and equipment. The purpose of the preservice examinations is to establish a reference or baseline of the future in-service examinations, which are designed to detect any degradation in the systems or equipment induced by the operating environment. Any indications above preset values are compared to the baseline preservice examination data. This comparison will provide information as to whether the indication was present before operation began or whether the indication has grown in size.


In this poster session, we describe a framework for developing human, social, and cultural behavior models. The goal of this framework is take a hybrid approach to intelligence and behavior modeling. This hybrid model, called the Intelligent Resource Operational Network (IRON), attempts to combine multiple modeling and machine learning resources which include, but are not limited to: rule-based and expert systems, neural networks, genetic algorithms, and cognitive models, etc.


The new version of Eurocode 2 will include for the first time an informative annex, Annex R "Embedded FRP reinforcement", to design reinforced concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement. FRP embedded reinforcement has some advantages such as their low susceptibility to corrosion, high‐strength, and low life‐cycle cost. FRP rebars can be used as longitudinal or transverse reinforcement in a similar way than conventional steel rebars, but considering some particular aspects, such as their linear elastic behaviour up to failure or their lower modulus of elasticity, which may condition the design by the verification of theserviceability limit state. Since, the content of Annex R is new, a summary and background related to all aspects required for designing with FRP reinforcement are given in this paper.


The utility model discloses a petrol-electric hybrid power engine. A left box body (1), a right box body (2) and a right side cover (3) form an engine shell; the engine shell is internally provided with a crankshaft (4), a main shaft (5) and an auxiliary shaft (6); a clutch (7) is arranged at the right end of the crankshaft (4); a drive gear (8) on the clutch (7) is meshed with a driven gear (9) on the main shaft (5); the right end of the main shaft (5) extends into an overrunning clutch (10), and is connected with an inner ring in the overrunning clutch (10); an outer sleeve of the overrunning clutch (10) and the right side cover (3) are mutually supported through a bearing; the outer sleeve of the overrunning clutch (10) is connected with an output shaft of a motor (11) which is positioned at the right side of the right side cover (3). According to the petrol-electric hybrid power engine, the structure is simple and compact, the size is small, and the assembly is easy. The petrol-electric hybrid power engine has the characteristics of rational design, good reliability, easy modification, low modification cost and the like.


This study aims to develop a product in the form of a tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding practice manual for Class XII students and find out the level of the eligibility. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research. The stages of this research include problem identification, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, limited trial, product revision I, large group trial, product revision 2, product ready to use. Data collection techniques are done using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this study are in the form of a TIG welding practice manual for class XII students. The feasibility level of the TIG welding practice manual is known through the validation process carried out by 4 expert validators. The feasibility test was conducted on 30 students. The average feasibility value obtained from experts as well as the feasibility test on students was 84.81% and included in the very feasible category.


There are many applications in which scalable encoding and progressive transmission of information are very attractive. Successively refinable quantization, as a strategy for scalable coding, seeks for an embedded optimal representation of data in the rate-distortion sense. In this paper, successively refinable trellis-coded quantization (TCQ) is studied. Motivated by the observations on the TCQ quantization residual, and through characterizing the geometry of TCQ Voronoi regions and exploiting the algebraic structure of trellis, an algorithm is proposed, which is able to achieve successive refinability for TCQ at high quantization rates. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance.


The invention belongs to the field of video monitoring, relates to image recognition technology, and particularly relates to a scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) based illegal building detection method. The SIFT based illegal building detection method comprises the following steps: step one, a monitoring area is customized in a video image; step two, the initial information of the monitoring area is loaded, SIFT feature descriptors are extracted, clustering is performed with k-means algorithm, and a two-dimensional SIFT feature histogram of the monitoring area is obtained; and step three, video images to be detected are obtained regularly, the two-dimensional SIFT feature histogram of a current frame of the monitoring area to be detected is extracted according to the step two, and image matching is performed according to the distances of histograms in different images of the monitoring area to determine whether the monitoring area changes. The SIFT based illegal building detection method is used in long-term follow-up detection and early warning for a specific area or a specific building. Image processing time and image processing complexity are reduced through customization of an interested area to be monitored and an interested person to be monitored, and therefore the real-time processing capacity and the robustness of a system are improved.


Habitat preference has played an important role in the evolution of the genus Isoetes. Aquatic Isoetes species are generally distributed in oligotrophic softwater. However, it is still uncertain if chemical properties of the water have an impact on the pattern of distribution of Isoetes species. Investigation of habitat preference with regard to water chemistry in natural habitats of species would contribute significance to our understanding of evolution in the genus.
Four species of Isoetes are known to occur in China: Isoetes taiwanensis in Taiwan island and /. hyp-sophila, I. yunguiensis and I. sinensis in the mainland, and their distribution regions do not overlap. All four species are endangered aquatic plants throughout their distribution range in the country.
In this paper, 20 parameters of water chemistry in the natural habitats, of three species of Isoetes in mainland China were measured, using HANNA Pocket-sized pH Meter HI98107 (resolution = 0.1 pH, accuracy = ±0. 1 pH), HANNA Conductivity Meter Dist4/HI983004 (resolution = 0. 1 m S · cm-1, accuracy = ±0.1 m S·cm-1) and HANNA C200 Multiparameter Ion Specific Photometer (resolution of NO3-N, NO3- , P, Mn and Mo =0.1mg·L-1, accuracy = ±0.1 mg·L-1; resolution of other factors = 0.01 mg·L-1, accuracy = ±0.01 mg· L-1 ). The character and variation of the chemical properties of the water were analyzed using mean, coefficient variability and difference significance tests (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis).
Results showed a common character in that there were bigger variations in average and coefficient variability of the 20 parameters. Average Ni was overwhelmingly greater than the other factors, and lower conductivity indicated there was litter pollution in the water. However, of the 20 factors assessed, except for pH (p 0.05), P (p 0.05), NO3-N (p 0.05) , NO3- (p 0.05) and Al (p 0.01) , the rest displayed no significant difference among habitats of the three species. This indicated that most of the factors (75% ) were relatively stable. pH had an identically positive correlation with NO3-N and NO3- (p 0.05) ; on the contrary, P had an identically negative correlation with NO3-N and NO3- (p 0.05). pH and P were also negatively correlated (p 0.05). Only Al had a positive correlation with P (p 0.05). An analysis, according to data from other research and this study, suggested the significant difference of chemical nature of the water among the three Isoetes species could be due to differences in physiological characters among them, and has no impact on their distribution.


The role of mitochondria fission protein Drp1 in metastatic ovarian cancer Dong-Hui Shin, Yeon Soo Kim, Usawadee Dier, Patrick F. Timmins, Yisang Yoon, Joshua Kesterson, Rebecca Phaeton and Nadine Hempel Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA Nanobioscience Constellation, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA Women's Cancer Care Associates, Albany, NY, USA Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA Background Ovarian cancer remains the most deadly gynecological malignancy. A large proportion of patients are diagnosed at late stage, when significant metastasis has occurred through the intra peritoneal (IP) cavity and this is characterized by high rates of relapse and chemoresistance. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in both tumor growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. On the contrary, functional mitochondria are integral to proper apoptosis induction and it is thought that mitochondrial dysfunction is one mechanism by which cancer cells evade killing by this pathway. We recently showed that the ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma cell line OVCA420 has dysfunctional mitochondria. In addition, a subgroup of cancer cells derived from ascites fluid of patients diagnosed with late stage disease showed a similar phenotype. The cause of mitochondrial dysfunction has been attributed to a number of factors including deregulation in mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics. Here we investigated the role of different Drp1 variants in regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and function in ovarian cancer. Methods Mitochondrial function of ovarian cancer cell lines and cells derived from ovarian cancer patients ascites fluid was assessed using Seahorse extracellular flux analysis. Mitotracker staining was used to analyze mitochondria morphology and expression levels of mitochondria fission related protein Drp1 determined using immunoblotting. The gene expression levels of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in OVCA 420 cellular spheroid aggregates were assessed using Human Stem Cell RT2 profiler PCR Array. Results We found that OVCA420 cells and one of 4 patient derived samples showed very low basal oxygen consumption rate and a lack in respiratory reserve capacity compared to other ovarian cancer cell lines, while relying primarily on glycolysis and glutamate utilization. Further, these cells displayed highly disordered mitochondria morphology with areas of high Mitotracker aggregation. We identified that the expression of a low molecular weight variant of the mitochondria fission protein Drp1 (short Drp1) is highly expressed in ovarian cancer with mitochondrial dysfunction. Importantly, a subgroup of cancer cells from patients also had overexpression of this short Drp1. This suggests that short Drp1 may represent a dominant negative form that inhibits mitochondrial fission, inhibiting mitochondrial function, and altering tumor metabolism. In addition, we found that expression of short and full length Drp1 expression are dynamically regulated during different stages of ovarian cancer progression. We investigated the formation of cellular spheroid aggregates, as a model of cells detaching from the primary tumor into the IP cavity. We found that short Drp1 expression is decreased and full length Drp1 protein is increased in spheroid aggregates. In addition, CSC-associated transcription factors Oct4 and Nanog were increased in spheroids. We are investigating if expression of short, potentially dominant-negative Drp1 is associated with a highly proliferative cellular phenotype, while full length active Drp1 is increased in CSCenriched spheroids to maintain a healthy pool of mitochondria during anchorage independence. Conclusion Dynamic Drp1 expression switching between the dominant-negative short and the full length Drp1 fission protein may be a novel way for cancer cells to regulate fission/fusion, mitochondrial quality control and metabolism. R eults he ole of m itoondria fision ptein D p1 in m etstatic oarian cncer D og-H ui S in 1 , Yeon S oo K im 1 , U aw adee D er 2 , P arick F. im m ns 3 nd N aine H em el 1 1 D eartm nt of P harm aclogy, P ennylvania S ate U niersity C olege of M edcine, H ehey, PA , U S A 2 N anoscience C onsllation, S ate U niersity of N ew York P olychnic Initute, A lbny, N Y, U S A 3 W om n's C acer C re A ssiates, A lany M eical C oge, A lany N Y, U S A


Criteria to evaluate and select software for online text information storage and retrieval software are presented in the form of a checklist. The list has a hierarchical structure; the headings are Input of information, Indexing, Interactive searching for information, and Output features, with, additionally, a few remarks about Current awareness, Security/Privacy/Authorisation, Read‐only version, and Integration with other programs.


Factor XIIIa introduces up to six crossllnklng bonds per molecule of fibrin; the bonds between the γ chains on adjacent fibrin molecules form most rapidly. Since cross linking is essential for normal hemostasis and is likely to be important in tests to detect thrombosis, we have attempted to develop a radioimmunoassay that exhibits specificity for the γ chain crosslinks. The immunogen consisted of a 54 amino acid, crosslinked peptide, isolated from purified human γ-γ chains following CNBr cleavage, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex. Amino acid analysis and Edman degradation through step 24 confirmed the sequence of Chen and Doolittle (Biochemistry 10: i486, 1971), and the two degradation steps that failed to liberate the expected PTH-amino acids matched the reported location of the Gin-Lys crosslinks. Antisera were obtained against this immunogen coupled either to bovine thyroglobulin or bovine serum albumin. All antisera elicited bound immunogen that was covalently coupled to ribonuclease radiolabeled with 125I as a tracer. The unlabeled γ-γ, crosslinked peptide effectively inhibited binding (0.03-0.08 picomoles for 50% inhibition), while with some antisera up to 500 times more of the 27 amino acid γ monomer peptide was required for the same degree of inhibition. Fibrinogen and fragment D also were poor Inhibitors. The results Indicate that it is possible by radioimmunoassay to distinguish the COOH-termlnal region of the γ-γ dlmer from that of uncrosslinked molecules.


1,2-Dehydropyrrolizidine derivatives with 7-OH or 1-CH2OH substituents are readily oxidized by manganese dioxide. The principal products are dihydropyrrolizine derivatives with the hydroxyls still present or changed to carbonyl, or N-(2'-formylethyl)pyrroles resulting from fission of the C7-C8 bond of the pyrrolizidine ring. The several reaction pathways are defined and interpreted on the basis of mechanisms involving formation and fission of manganate esters.


We measure the correlation between the Brillouin characteristics and structural parameters of a holey fiber (HF). Our observations point to a means to perform high resolution non-destructive structural characterization along lengths of HF.


A week before Christmas 2012, there arrived on my desk six largeformat, paper-bound volumes. They carry a rights notice that reads: "© Danis Rose, Revised Edition; November 2012." The preceding (first) edition was announced in April 2012 and, at a subsequent unspecified date, saw distribution. Some orders had been met by the end of May/beginning of June, in time for the 2012 International James Joyce Symposium in Dublin. No precise account is given in the revised edition of just why, within a short interval, a revision was deemed necessary, let alone how extensive it was. The foreword addressing the revised edition (printed and paginated identically in all six volumes) voices generalities about it being "well-nigh impossible to get [transcriptions] letter-perfect" and devotes just one sentence to the additional labor invested: "Over the course of the last year the texts . . ., especially the draft versions of the episodes, have been subjected to a major overhaul, and the result is a much more exact version" (7). This, together with some further remarks in the foreword, reads like a veiled admission that, since the "overhaul" was undertaken over the course of a year and thus was apparently begun well back in 2011, the edition of April-May 2012 was likely less than well considered and should not have seen publication in the first place—but let that pass. I have known Danis Rose for some thirty-five years. When the editorial work for the critical and synoptic edition of Ulysses began, we worked closely together for a brief span, and our conceptions for formalizing in print the genetic dimension of Joyce's texts—of Ulysses, in my case, of Finnegans Wake, in his—were so close that we traded solutions to mutual benefit. Of his generation, Rose is one of the few richly experienced readers and transcribers of James Joyce's hand. John O'Hanlon is his life-long fraternal partner, and together they form a sharp-eyed team whose results I would go a long way in trusting. But trust is subjective and can in scholarly exchange never exist without the counter-balance of objective checks and controls. REVIEW ESSAY


Digital image correlation (DIC) is well known as a contact‐less, full‐field strain and displacement measuring method. The use of the method is widely spread in experimental mechanics. Nevertheless, there are error sources such as light settings, speckle pattern and noisy images, which strongly affect measurement quality, but often stays uninvestigated. Therefore, this work outlines a simple routine to identify errors and enhance the accuracy of DIC measurements. A calibration sample adapted to the specifications of the setup using the beam theory to link machine displacement, DIC measurements and forces. All evaluations are done in the commercial software ISTRA4D. The noise in the measurements is reduced to an error of under two per cent. The routine allows estimating the quality of the images before performing the experiments. Furthermore, the routine is transferable to all experimental setups. The calibration of the setup allows getting reliable experimental results with a known error. With this estimated stochastic error, the advantages of DIC can be used to evaluate mechanical experiments such as three‐point bending tests on single struts of an open cell metal foam.


A brief overview of the usefulness of metabolic agents in patients with cardiovascular diseases is presented. The efficacy of a new metabolic agent, Mexicor (2-ethyl, 6-methyl, 3-hydroxypyridine succinate) in coronary heart disease patients was studied. With Mexicor treatment, there was more rapid regression of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), hypersensitization to slow release nitrates, and decreased myocardial ectopic activity in coronary heart disease patients. Mexicor also had positive effects on the cardiac action potential, the cardiac output index, and myocardial contractility, as well as on blood lipids, particularly lowering levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The mechanism of action of Mexicor in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is pathophysiologically based, resulting in appropriate therapeutic effects. Key words: Coronary heart disease (CHD), oxidative stress, cytoprotective agents, metabolic agents, Mexicor


In the municipality of Delft a bicycle network enhancement plan has been launched, aimed at encouraging bicycle use and improving cycling conditions. The improvements and new provisions for the cyclists are located and designed in such a way that a hierarchical bicycle network was created, consisting of a course sub network of high quality city level routes, and a fine system of local provisions. The Delft bicycle network plan introduces a number of innovative features in traffic planning. In this paper detailed results are presented of changes in trip level, changes in route choice and network use, and changes in bicycle volumes. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 816307.


Objective According to the change of B ultrasound and serum TBA,PAB,CHE levels to evaluate the grades liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Detecting the serum TBA,PAB,CHE levels of78chronic hepatitis B patients determined by liver histopatholgical findings and making.B ultrasonic examination and comparing the results with the grades of fibrosis.Results The grade of liver fibrosis is from S1to S4,38patients was in compensation stage(S1-S2)and40patients was out of compensation(S3-S4).The coincide of the ultrasound and the liver fibrosis was90.6%in compensation,97.3%out of compensation.PAB and CHE declined and TBA rose gradually with the aggravation of fibrosis.The correlation between TBA.CHE and fibrosis in significant(P0.01).The correlation between PAB and fibrosis in significam(P0.05).Conclusion B mode ultrasound and serum TBA,PAB,CHE has their own benefit in eˉvaluating early liver cirrhosis.


I. Getting Started 1. Preparing for a Consultant (Jamaica, May 1985) 2. Now or Later? (Trinidad and Tobago, May 1985) 3. Assessing the Plan (Tunisia, February 1986) 4. Taking Delivery (Abu Dhabi, UAE, February 1985) II. Computer Applications 5. An Embarassment of Choices (Burma, November 1986) 6. Physical Planning Applications (Yemen A.R., April 1986) 7. Social Planning Applications (Malaysia, June 1986) 8. Management Applications (Thailand, August 1985) III. Information Systems 9. Data Isn't Everything (Indonesia, March 1985) 10. Top-down versus Bottom-up Design (India, April 1985) 11. Data Banks & Information Systems (Philippines, August 1985) 12. A Land Management Information System (Mauritius, February 1987) IV. Institutional Factors 13. Identifying User Needs (Bahrain, November 1985) 14. Setting Priorities (Turkey, May 1986) 15. Increasing Productivity (Swaziland, April 1986) 16. Improving Computer Use (Jordan, July 1985) 17. Building Institutional Capacity (Sri Lanka, April 1985) V. Policy Choices 18. Making the Most of Available Resources (Cyprus, November 1985) 19. Computers and Decentralization (Mexico, May 1985) 20. Computers and National Development (Panama, May 1985).


The present paper attempts to reassess the "social psychology as science or history" debate insti gated by Gergen (1973). It is argued that although Gergen is correct in asserting the transhistorical variability of social psychological phenomena, the implication is that social contextual variables should be incorporated into our theoretical framework, rather than that we should engage in an historical endeavor.


The aim of this study is to identify the pheromone in sperm and its effect on the maturity level of female gonad in tiger grouper. The methodology used in this study for sperm retrieval was tested for the steroid pheromones. LC-MS/MS is used to examine the element of pheromone in sperm. The sperms were given on some tiger grouper mothers by spraying it into the water tub (maintenance media). Each tub was filled with four tails of tiger grouper. The size of the mother fish used as a test-animal was 55 59 cm long with a weight of 4 4.5 kg. The doses of sperm used as the parameter in this study were 2 ml, 4 ml, and 6 ml. This male sperm and urine were sprayed at nights (7 PM). In this research, the design used was Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The observation of hormone profile in female blood plasma was performed by using ELISA method. A cannulation was also done to monitor the Gonad Maturity Level of female tiger grouper, and subsequently, the eggs obtained were processed (histology stage). The results of the analysis using LC-MS on tiger grouper sperm based on the appearing peak showed that the ion percussion was at the level of 255 ms and 273 ms. On the other hand, the ion products showed a number of 159F and 255F. This is also in line with massbank databases. There are two groups of steroid hormones viz., estrogen and androgens; present in the analysis, the estrogen is a 17β-Estradiol compound, while the androgens consist of androstenediol, epiandrosterone, epietiocholanolone, etiocholanolone, and androsterone. The visual observation showed that the female tiger grouper showed a positive response when they receive the sperm. The female fish is known to be more aggressive and have irregular swimming patterns. However, the appetite of the female fish is decreased. c The high estradiol hormone was related to the egg formation in female fish before the spawning season. From these results, it could be concluded that the male sperm of tiger grouper had a pheromone that could increase the stimulation and maturity of female gonad.


We show that the category of simplicial sets is a co-reflective subcategory of the category of cubical sets with connections, with the inclusion given by a version of the straightening functor. We show that using the co-reflector, one can transfer any cofibrantly generated model structure in which cofibrations are monomorphisms to cubical sets, thus obtaining cubical analogues of the Quillen and Joyal model structures.


Piezoelectric interfacial waves (PIWs) propagate along conducting planes embedded in piezoelectric crystals: shortening of the electric field by the plane reduces the elastic wave velocity and provides the waveguiding mechanism. Propagating inside the body, PIWs are well protected from environmental interference and thus, PIWs are interesting for applications in highly stable devices, filters and piezoelectric resonators. In this paper, the problem of generation and detection of PIWs by interdigital transducers (IDTs) is considered, the IDTs widely used in SAW technology. The theory is developed accounting for bulk waves that are generated and transmitted between two uniform IDTs.


The utility model provides a self-dumping device of a fire-fighting truck extension ladder. The self-dumping device comprises a self-dumping assembly and an extension ladder bracket, wherein the extension ladder bracket is connected with a carriage by the self-dumping assembly; the self-dumping assembly comprises a lifting mechanism and an upper support; the bottom of the lifting mechanism is fixedly connected with the top of the carriage; the top of the lifting mechanism is in rotary match with a lifting transverse rod in the middle of the upper support; the bottom of the upper support is in rotary match with the lateral upper edge of the carriage by a hinge; the top of the upper support is provided with a double-steel-cable winch motor assembly; a middle transverse beam of the upper support is provided with two first fixed pulleys; each of the two ends of the upper support is fixedly connected with the bottom of the extension ladder bracket by a three-connection guide column; a second fixed pulley is arranged at each of the tops of the two three-connection guide columns; two steel cables arranged at the bottom of the double-steel-cable winch motor assembly sequentially pass through the first fixed pulleys and the second fixed pulleys on the same side and then are fixedly connected with the top of the extension ladder bracket. The self-dumping device of the fire-fighting truck extension ladder has the advantages that the ladder can be stably put, the time spent for putting the ladder is short, the performance is stable, and the service life is long.


Saturation field entropies of antiferromagnetic Ising models on quasi one-dimensional lattices (ladders) and the kagome lattice are calculated. The former is evaluated exactly by constructing the corresponding transfer matrices, while the latter calculation uses Binder's algorithm for efficiently and exactly computing the partition function of over 1300 spins to give, in Boltzmann's units, S = 0.393589(6). We comment on the relation of the kagome lattice to the experimental situation in the spin-ice compound dysprosium titanium oxide.


This paper tests the effects of Aid from 14 OECD donor economies on bilateral asylum seeker inflows from 113 developing countries during 1993-2013. Results are that Aid affects asylum seeker inflows nonlinearly in the pc income of the origin country, in a 'U' shaped fashion, with a turning point at 9,150 pcGDP, PPP2011$. Aid has also cross-donor negative spillovers and regional effects. Overall, deterring effects concern especially Sub Saharan countries. Moreover, Aid does not influence bilateral voluntary migration. Making Aid transfers conditional on improvements in political and economic institutions in recipient countries can strengthen their effects on asylum seeker inflows.


The Oncologist 2005;10:309–310 www.TheOncologist.com In their paper, "Safety and Convenience of a 15-Minute Infusion of Zoledronic Acid," Berenson and Hirschberg [1] do, in fact, review the beneficial effects of long-term palliative therapy with bisphosphonates to reduce the skeletal morbidity associated with malignant bone disease. The authors emphasize the safety of chronic i.v. administration of the newer bisphosphonates, pamidronate (Aredia®; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, http://www. pharma.us.novartis.com) and zoledronic acid (Zometa®; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation), and justify the title of their article with a short paragraph on the convenience of a 15-minute versus a 2-hour infusion. Nevertheless, a whole chapter is missing in the review, which concerns the serious and worrisome complications recently described during bisphosphonate therapy. Chang et al. [2], from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, reported no fewer than 72 patients who developed renal failure associated with zoledronic acid, of whom 27 required dialysis and 18 died. Acute tubular necrosis has also been described in association with zoledronic acid therapy [3]. None of these very serious events are described in the Berenson and Hirschberg [1] review. Also in 2003, Marx [4] reported a "growing epidemic" of pamidronateand zoledronate-induced avascular necrosis of the jaws. Thirty-six cases were described—24 of these had been treated with pamidronate, six had been treated with zoledronate, and six had received both therapies successively. More cases have been reported since then by Migliorati [5] and Schwartz [6]. We recently reported the first three cases of osteomyelitis of the jaw among myeloma patients chronically treated with both pamidronate and zoledronate [7]. In Israel alone, 12 more patients with osteomyelitis of the jaw related to bisphosphonate therapy have been reported to us since publication of these first cases. We are convinced that a comprehensive review on the safety of chronic bisphosphonate therapy should have included all these complications in order to prevent their related potential morbidity and mortality.


This paper deals with Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) in switching power supplies. The EMI consists of mainly common mode and differential mode noises. Due to interference, the efficiency of the equipment reduces and some times the equipment may be damaged. A procedure to design a novel topology of EMI filter to suppress these two noises is presented in this paper.


Stanley Baker: A Life in Film (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2008)
This is the first published academic study of the leading Welsh film star and producer Stanley Baker. The book makes use of extensive primary research including interviews with his widow, family members and collaborators, as well as archives and historical documents to provide a detailed assessment of his life and work. Baker's career arc, from impoverished childhood in the Welsh mining valleys to international success as star and producer of Zulu (1964), allows for an exploration of a range of issues relating to class, national identity and gender. These are explored through the specifics of his life and his representation of these themes on screen. The book also considers his role within film production in the 1960s and 1970s when he established his own independent company and was then involved in the takeover of British Lion. Baker's public role within Welsh culture, including his involvement in the creation of HTV, is assessed. As well as examining the importance of his film work in its own right, the book considers Baker's significance to the wider culture of Wales through his articulation of a particular form of Welsh masculinity.


Ultracold atomic gases have been used extensively in recent years to realize textbook examples of condensed matter phenomena. Recently, phase transitions to ordered structures have been predicted for gases of highly excited, 'frozen' Rydberg atoms. Such Rydberg crystals are a model for dilute metallic solids with tunable lattice parameters, and provide access to a wide variety of fundamental phenomena. We investigate theoretically how such structures can be created in four distinct cold atomic systems, by using tailored laser excitation in the presence of strong Rydberg–Rydberg interactions. We study in detail the experimental requirements and limitations for these systems and characterize the basic properties of small crystalline Rydberg structures in one, two and three dimensions.


Given the global health burden caused by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19), there have been numerous studies aimed to understand its clinical course and to determine risk factors that may impact prognosis. Pre‐existing medical conditions are linked with COVID‐19 severity, particularly cardiometabolic diseases. Increasing evidence has also linked metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with severe COVID‐19 illness. Thus, we review different published clinical data relating to the association of MAFLD and COVID‐19 severity. Our review showed that published studies consistently support the association between MAFLD and more severe COVID‐19, even after adjustment for confounding factors. It was also observed that an increasing hepatic fibrosis score is correlated with increasing severity of COVID‐19. Finally, younger age and obesity among MAFLD patients also led to a greater risk of severe illness.


The results of the papermaking tests performed in paper sheets produced in a pilot paper machine using Eucalyptus globulus bleached kraft fibres and a new filler of silica-modified PCC obtained by the sol-gel method are presented. This new filler proved already to be advantageous at lab scale and its performance is now evaluated at a pilot scale. Its application in a pilot paper machine led to results better than those obtained at lab scale. For paper sheets containing ca. 26 wt% of PCC-silica filler, improvements of 40% were obtained for the tensile index when compared to papers produced with the reference PCC. The optical properties were negatively affected in a magnitude similar to that of the lab trials. The improvement of the paper mechanical properties as well as the decrease in the optical properties are explained by the better bonding between the hydroxyl groups of the silica attached to the PCC particles and those of the cellulosic fibres. The present paper is of particular importance since it reveals the high potential of PCCsilica as filler for paper produced in a continuous paper machine.


Objective:To study Gln-Arg 192 polymorphism of paraoxonase (PONA) in Chinese and serum PONA activity in coronary heart disease (CHD).Method:PONA enzyme activity was measured with phenylacetate as substrate,genotype was determined using PCR and restriction mapping with Alw l.in 256 cases with CHD and 155 normal controls. Plasma lipid,malodiadehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assayed according to kit manu.Result:The genotype distribution of the PONA polymorphism was comparable between CHD patients and control subjects,CHD patients had a significantly higher frequency of the B allogene (64% vs 55%,P 0.05 ) and lower frequency of the AA genotype (36% vs 45%,P 0.05 ).PONA activity was lower in CHD then normal control (105±66∶131±79,P 0.05 ) PONA activity in CHD patients was closely related with serum level of MDA (P 0.01 ).Conclusion:PONA was releted with the pathogenesis of CHD,decrease of its activity might cause lipids oxidizing.


Recently renewed interest in flow control devices using various forms of plasmas has motivated the design and systematic investigation of a localized arc filament plasma actuator, or LAFPA-type devices. The newly constructed system creates electric arcs by generating electric fields in the range of 20 kV/cm between two pin-type electrodes. The flow actuation then occurs due to volumetric gas (Joule) heating, synthetic jet production, blast wave creation (dilatation effects), and electro-magnetic (electrostatic and Lorentz2 effects. The potential of the actuator to influence surrounding quiescent flow was investigated using emission imaging, schlieren imaging, current and voltage probes, particle image velocimetry (PIV), and emission spectroscopy. The schlieren imaging revealed a potential to cause blast "Mach" waves and a synthetic jet with controllable directionality dependent on cavity orientation. The electric measurements revealed that, in order to increase the power discharged by the plasma, the electrode separation will only aid mildly and that an optimum plasma current exists (between 300-400 mA for the tested parameter space). The PIV data were acquired for various actuation frequencies and showed a negative trend between discharge frequency and maximum induced jet velocity. Finally, the emission spectroscopy data were acquired for four different cases: two electrode separations and two plasma currents. For each of the four conditions tested, the spectrum fit very well to a thermal distribution for early times in the emission. However, at later times in the emission, the spectrum no longer matched that of the second positive system under optically thick conditions for any combination of rotational and vibrational temperatures.


Abstract INTRODUCTION We present a data analysis and review of recent studies regarding the laboratory diagnosis of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) infections in Brazil. METHODS Target populations, available diagnostic serological assays (screening and complementary tests), molecular assays (in-house), causes of false-positive and false-negative results, and flowcharts were analyzed. RESULTS A table presents the target populations, two diagnostic flowcharts (depending on laboratory infrastructure and study population), and recent research that may improve how HTLV-1/2 is diagnosed in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the implementation of public policies to reduce HTLV-1/2 transmission and its associated diseases.


In forensics, fingerprints can be used to uniquely identify suspects in a crime. Similarly, a tool mark left at a crime scene can be used to identify the tool that was used. However, the current practice of identifying matching tool marks involves visual inspection of marks by forensic experts which can be a very subjective process. As a result, declared matches are often successfully challenged in court, so law enforcement agencies are particularly interested in encouraging research in more objective approaches. Our analysis is based on comparisons of profilometry data, essentially depth contours of a tool mark surface taken along a linear path. In current practice, for stronger support of a match or non-match, multiple marks are made in the lab under the same conditions by the suspect tool. We propose the use of a likelihood ratio test to analyze the difference between a sample of comparisons of lab tool marks to a field tool mark, against a sample of comparisons of two lab tool marks. Chumbley et al. (2010) point out that the angle of incidence between the tool and the marked surface can have a substantial impact on the tool mark and on the effectiveness of both manualmore » and algorithmic matching procedures. To better address this problem, we describe how the analysis can be enhanced to model the effect of tool angle and allow for angle estimation for a tool mark left at a crime scene. With sufficient development, such methods may lead to more defensible forensic analyses.« less


Water scarcity is a major problem for Namibia and South Africa as both countries are classified as "water stressed", based on their per capita water availability which is below the threshold of 1,000-1,666 m·person·year. Water provision in both countries has traditionally relied on supply-side sources, and the potential for expansion is becoming dim, making efforts towards demand management approaches more feasible. Findings show that CBM (community based management) systems of water points offer an alternative in terms of ownership and self-reliance based on institutional arrangements at community level. However, the CBM system involves some forms of payment for water access, and affordability has become a main challenge, to the extent that some governments are considering the reintroduction of water subsidies for poor rural communities in the near future.


The invention relates to a cinerary casket system with a positioning function and a wrong position storage prevention function. The cinerary casket system comprises a wrong position prevention warning system and a positioning system. A cinerary casket is provided with a perspective window; an inner box and bone ash can be see through the perspective window; and meanwhile, through the perspective window, the inner box and the bone ash can be dynamically displayed in a display of a display system for worship by relatives. The cinerary casket system has the advantages that the cinerary casket storage management problem can be solved; the cinerary casket loss is prevented; further, the real conventional worship scene can reappear to the maximum possible degree; the hurt to the feeling of the relatives is avoided; the remote worship can be realized; and the social cost is reduced.


Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2) control the dynamics of the microtubule network via their deacetylase activities. Tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP/p25) enhances microtubule acetylation by its direct binding to HDAC6. Our objective was to characterize the multiple interactions of the deacetylases and to establish the inhibitory potency and the pharmacokinetic features of the deacetylase inhibitors, trichostatin A (TSA) and AGK2.


Regional transfer of tax means the departure of tax revenue from tax source and is marked by tax revenue flowing-into or flowing-out from tax sources. The main causes are: the consolidated tax of non-corporation businesses;the present tax system and policies;transactions between affiliated enterprises and tax planning;price distortion of resource products as well as tax competition between regions.Tax transfer between regions has obvious influences on regional macro tax burden,namely,a region witnessing positive tax transfer will face an increase of regional macro tax burden while a region witnessing negative tax transfer will confront a decrease of its macro tax burden.


At present, duplicate research has become very common among English thesis writing in universities. This thesis aims at applying divergent thinking in English thesis writing teaching, trying to find ways of choosing good topics in thesis writing.


Having already launched a number of new products in 2015, Caterpillar used a customer event at its Tinaja Hills facility in Tucson, Arizona to talk up what was next for the original equipment manufacturer. Daniel Gleeson looks at what the market can expect from Cat in the near and long term


The application of parallel mechanism (PM) is getting more and more widely due to its many advantages. In this field, the research of the 3-PRS parallel mechanism, which undergo one translational degree of freedom (DOF) and two rotation DOFs, has a high practical value and great significance, but far from reaching its proper degree in practical applications at present. This paper presents a new application of 3-PRS PM and provides the whole process of its analysis of inverse kinematics and parasitic motion.


Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE)-copper laminates were achieved by surface graft copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) on an argon plasma-pretreated PTFE film at elevated temperature with simultaneous lamination of a copper foil in the presence of an epoxy resin adhesive. The plasma pretreatment introduces peroxides which are thermally degraded into radicals to initiate the graft copolymerization of GMA on the PTFE surface. The graft copolymerization with concurrent lamination of copper was carried out in the complete absence of a polymerization initiator or system degassing. The modified surfaces and interfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The adhesion strength between the PTFE film and copper was assessed by the T-peel test method. The adhesion strength was affected by the plasma pretreatment time, as well as by the grafting and curing temperatures. The PTFE/GMA-epoxy resin/Cu assembly exhibits a significantly higher measured a...


In view of reactive control problems such as unqualified voltage of point of common coupling(PCC) and high network-loss of power collection system in DFIG-based wind farms, this paper proposed a new reactive control strategy using reactive sensitivity of power collection system. Firstly, network-loss/reactive sensitivity and voltage/reactive sensitivity of wind farm power collection system were presented, based on analysis of reactive demand of wind farm. Ensuring maximum active power output as well, the proposed strategy suggests two goals about reactive control of wind farm, that is, to improve PCC voltage level using reactive sensitivity and to reduce network-loss using network-loss sensitivity. Simulation results of actual wind farm verified effectiveness of the proposed strategy.


In this paper, a double layer stopband Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) for Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) applications is presented. The proposed FSS consists of two cascaded conventional FSS, one with double square loops and other with square loops. The – 10dB frequency band from 3.00 GHz to 11.64 GHz is achieved, with a fractional bandwidth of 149 %. Effects of angular stability and polarization independence over the frequency response are investigated and conclusions are presented. In order to show transmission performance, the FSS was simulated by ANSYS HFSS. The FSS shows angular stability and polarization independence in entire UWB band (3.10 – 10.60 GHz). A prototype was built and measurements were performed. A good agreement between simulated and measured results was observed.


Consider a sequence U 1, U 2 , · ·· of i.i.d. uniform (0, 1)-random variables. For fixed α ∈ (0, 1), let U(n, K) denote the [Kα]th order statistic of the subsample Un +1, · ··, Un +K , and set . Book and Truax (1976) proved the following analogue of the Erdös-Rényi (1970) strong law of large numbers: for α < u < 1 and C = C(α, u) such that −1/C = αlog(u/α)+ (1 – α)log((l – u)/(1 –α)), it holds almost surely that In view of the Deheuvels–Devroye (1983) improvements of the original Erdös-Rényi law, we determine the lim inf and lim sup of where K = [C log N]. This improves (∗), showing that it holds with a best-possible convergence rate of order O(log log N/log N). Using the quantile transformation the result can be extended to a general i.i.d. sequence X 1, X 2, · ·· with d.f. F satisfying a strict monotonicity condition.


The present study aims to show the main laboratory techniques used in the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait, and it is concluded that sickle cell anemia occurs in individuals with hemoglobin S (HbS) due to a mutation on chromosome 11 where the replacement of glutamic acid by valine causes hemoglobin S (HbS) to originate.


Information is an essential resource for all businesses today and is the key to growth and success. However, we need to ensure that the information held on our IT systems is secure. The impact of a security breach may be far greater than we would expect. The loss of sensitive or critical information directly may not only affect our competitiveness and cash flow but also damage our reputation - something which may have taken us years to establish and which may be impossible to restore. In our paper we introduce a structure of Business Service Management (BSM) with security approach offering an advanced model of integrated secure BSM model.


A personal Kansei modeling (PKM) system Is proposed in this paper. In Kansei modeling, tendency that is common to group members is usually discussed. However, treating personal tendency is becoming more and more important. With this system, a set of fuzzy rules are extracted through the analysis of Kansei data such as questionnaire responses. Generally, the amount of Kansei data taken from one person tends to be too small to analyze his/her Kansei. Basic idea of PKM system proposed in this paper is to create a common Kansei model from group data (first stage) before creating a personal Kansei model from personal data (second stage). In order to create a common Kansei model in the first stage, variance predictable general regression neural network (VP-GRNN), which is an enhanced version of GRNN, and fuzzy adaptive resonance theory (fuzzy ART) are employed in this system. A common model consists of a set of fuzzy rules, each associated with an adjustment factor, for the second stage. In the second stage, the fuzzy rules in the common model are adjusted using personal Kansei data to produce a set of fuzzy rules composing a personal Kansei model.


Chapter 1 "A Most Mild and Equitable Establishment of Religion": John Adams and the Massachusetts Experiment Chapter 2 The Use and Abuse of Jefferson's Statute: Separating Church and State in Ninteenth-Century Virginia Chapter 3 Thomas Jefferson, a Mammoth Cheese, and the "Wall of Separation Between Church and State" Chapter 4 The Revolution in the Churches: Women's Religious Activism in the Early American Republic Chapter 5 Evangelicals in the American Founding and Evangelical Political Mobilization Today Chapter 6 The Influence of Judaism and Christianity on the American Founding Chapter 7 Why Revolutionary America Wasn't a "Christian Nation"


This study explored the factors associated with daily spiritual experiences of older adults and the association of daily spiritual experiences with major depressive disorder among older Indian adults.


Since differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry(D-InSAR) based on repeat observation technology came out in 1990s,it has become a hot research topic immediately and been applied in many fields afterwards.However,the conventional D-InSAR technique is vulnerable to be affected by spatial,temporal decorrelations and the atmospheric variations,and sometimes can not obtain reliable deformation,therefore it is difficult to put this technique into operational uses in practice.Permanent scatterer(PS) technology and small baseline subset(SBAS) technology overcome the constraints of above problems effectively.This paper presents the Multi-Temporal InSAR(MT-InSAR) technology and its key processing aspects.The MT-InSAR processing combines the merits of PS and SBAS InSAR techniques.Finally an experiment based on MT-InSAR is conducted to extract the deformation over Taiyuan area from 2005 to 2009.


Language testing is a key component of the college English reform. It will affect the achievement from the reform whether the language testing way can wholly reflect it. The course evaluation of the college English under web/multi-media teaching context needs to cover the two aspects like formative evaluation and summative evaluation. These two evaluation methods can function as effective language testing approach. Computerized language testing model, though it takes a lot of work and money, still is a better and promising testing way for summative evaluation.


High stocking rates and continuous grazing of communal area natural pastures affect resilience of preferred herbacouse species and soil organic matter. With increased global warming, and higher livestock pressure, palatable species will be decimated and likelihood of alien species invasion of natural pastures in high. The current transformation of rural livestock sector toward communal dairy farming for improving nutrition and incomes is likely to exert higher pressure on natural veld as crop residues, previously grazed by beef herds are re-directed toward sustaining dairy herds. The recurring droughts, high livestock pressure and loss of vegetation and soil organic matter in degradaed veld will affect recovery of natural pasture. Limpopo communal area natural pastures are characterized by increaser species with low livestock turnovers and high cattle morbidity and mortality during dry seasons. The aim of the study is to assess vegetation cover and soil organic matter in semi-arid communal areas co-grazed by beef, small stock and dairy cattle. Communal grazing areas in three adjacent wards that also have dairy cattle herds will be selected for ruminant livestock inventory, veld vegetation characterization, soil cover assessment and estimation of carrying capacity. Soil organic matter carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) content will be investigated. Herbaceous vegetation will be assessed using the transect line method for species identification and abundance determined. Predictions of nutrient supply from veld, and likely growth performance without supplementation will be computed. Relationship analyses will be done to determine significance of associations between palatable species, soil nutrients and livestock units. The results of this study will be useful in directing the Limpopo Department of Agriculture rural Livestock Development strategy apart from destocking.


Staged assimilation is a means of extracting information from a sequence of related images. It is used to develop feature detectors of transformation-invariant properties. It is applied within a hierarchical network, referred to as the bipanel architecture. Temporal response properties of neurons are used to capture this information. High-level feature detectors arise when sequentially detected low-level features are grouped into equivalence classes. When the system is exposed to imagery undergoing a continuous transformation, it develops detectors for properties that tend to remain constant over time. This is how it forms invariant feature detectors. The authors explain how the approach derives from studies of the visual cortex and J.J. Gibson's theory (1986) of perception. An example is given of how it works, and details of the system's operation are discussed. Its relationship to other learning paradigms and networks is described.<<ETX>>