Abstract: Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex, multi‐factorial disease where genes and the environment may affect susceptibility and severity. Diet is an environmental factor with the potential to influence disease susceptibility. We considered dietary soy (soya) oil content and the soy‐derived phytoestrogen genistein as potential modifying agents for C3H/HeJ mouse AA. Normal haired C3H/HeJ mice were grafted with skin from spontaneous AA affected mice, a method previously shown to induce AA. Grafted mice were given one of three diets containing 1%, 5% or 20% soy oil and observed for AA development. In a separate study, mice on a 1% soy oil diet were injected with 1 mg of genistein three times per week for 10 weeks or received the vehicle as a control. Of mice on 1%, 5%, and 20% soy oil diets, 43 of 50 mice (86%), 11 of 28 mice (39%), and 2 of 11 mice (18%) developed AA, respectively. Four of 10 mice injected with genistein and 9 of 10 controls developed AA. Mice with AA had hair follicle inflammation consistent with observations for spontaneous mouse AA, but no significant association was observed between the extent of hair loss and diet or genistein injection. Mice that failed to develop AA typically regrew white hair from their skin grafts associated with a moderate macrophage and dendritic cell infiltration. Soy oil and derivatives have previously been reported to modify inflammatory conditions. Hypothetically, soy oil compounds may act on C3H/HeJ mice through modulating estrogen‐dependent mechanisms and/or inflammatory activity to modify AA susceptibility.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: We determined the national impact over time of the COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient urology visits and procedural volume. METHODS: We examined temporal changes in urologic care delivery in the United States from February 2020 to July 2020 based on patient, practice, and local/regional demographic and pandemic response features using real-world data from the American Urological Association Quality (AQUA) Registry, which is a Qualified Clinical Data Registry. Data are collected via automated extraction from practices' electronic health record systems. RESULTS: There were 2,750,001 unique patients represented in our study cohort, accounting for 8,953,832 total outpatient visits and 1,570,161 procedures;data represented 157 outpatient urologic practices and 3,165 providers across 48 US states and territories. We found large (>40%) declines in outpatient visits from March 2020 to April 2020 across all patient demographic groups and across states, regardless of timing of state stay-at-home orders. Visits recovered through May and early June, but began falling again by early July. Non-urgent outpatient visits decreased more across various non-urgent procedures (39e47%) than for procedures performed for urgent diagnoses (29e43%);surgical procedures for non-urgent conditions also decreased more (37e53%) than those for potentially urgent conditions (13e21%) (Table). African American and Hispanic patients had smaller decreases in outpatient visits compared with Asian and Caucasian patients, but also slower recoveries back to baseline. Medicare-insured patients had the steepest declines (50%) while those on Medicaid had among the lowest percentage of recovery to baseline (84.4%). Practices in zip codes with lower median incomes, higher poverty levels, and lower urologist to population ratios had smaller decreases in outpatient visits. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides timely, real-world evidence on the magnitude of decline in the provision of specialty care across demographic groups and practice settings, and demonstrates a differential impact on the utilization of urologic health services by sociodemographic strata and specific diagnoses.


Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1987, Vol 32(2), 193. Reviews the book, The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence (2nd ed.) by Kathleen Stassen Berger (1986). This book is organized into five sections, each devoted to a specific age period. The fir


Any sequence of 4-dimensional cubes of total volume not greater than 1/8 can be online packed into the unit cube.


The impact of heating rate on the strength and type of networks formed with ovalbumin and vicilin were investigated at three pH levels. Changes in protein conformation and structure development were monitored with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic rheology. Networks were characterized by rheological properties and microstructure. Under conditions which promoted the formation of well crosslinked networks, slower heating rates resulted in stronger networks but had little impact on the type of network. As conditions were shifted to promote aggregation rather than network formation, the impact of heating rate was reduced so that for both ovalbumin and vicilin at pH 5, network characteristics were essentially independent of heating rate.


The Horqin sandy steppe is an ecosystem where groundwater‐dependent grasslands are main components. To study the dynamics of soil water and evapotranspiration, and its partition into transpiration and soil evaporation, the SIMDualKc model was applied to two sites in the Agula eco‐hydrological study area, Inner Mongolia, China. This model adopts the dual crop coefficient approach to compute daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and uses a parametric function to compute capillary rise from a shallow watertable. The application refers to three years of field observations, 2008 with high rainfall and higher watertable, 2009 with low rainfall and lower watertable, and 2011 with average rainfall and watertable conditions. Model calibration and validation were performed comparing simulated against observed soil water content throughout the vegetation seasons, with regression coefficients close to 1.0 and small root mean square errors (RMSE < 0.013 cm3 cm−3). The groundwater contribution represented 41–47% of the actual ETc in the higher rainfall year and 56–59% in the dry year, which clearly shows the role of groundwater in sustaining grasslands in the Horqin steppe. The ratio between transpiration and actual ETc ranged 88 to 94%, which is much higher than observations in other grasslands because capillary rise contributes to extraction by crop roots, not to soil evaporation. Simulations relative to lowering the watertable show that groundwater contribution decreases up to 25% for a dry year with a consequent decrease of transpiration of 24%. Hence, there is the need for developing appropriate groundwater protection measures to preserve the Horqin landscape. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Geophysical prospecting and velocimetric measurements, aiming at the seismic microzoning of the Cerreto di Spoleto area (Perugia, Italy), are presented. Starting from the data obtained by previous geological-geomechanical surveys, seismic-refraction investigations were carried out in order to obtain a dynamic characterisation and a geometrical description of both soil and rock materials. The velocimetric measurements were performed through temporary free-field arrays, recording both ambient noise and small-magnitude seismic events. The analysis of the obtained records is still in progress in order to evaluate the local seismic wave amplification.


[Objective]This research attempted to understand the Clitoria ternatea L. seed germination conditions in order to provide theoretical bases for the future artificial planting of C. ternatea L. and to fully utilize relevant resources in future studies. [Method]Using blue-flowered C. ternatea L. as test material, the seed germination rate, germination index, vigor index, and seedling growth under the influences of different conditions of illumination, temperature, and warm water soaking were determined. [Result]After 0, 24, and 12 h of illumination, the germination rate of C. ternatea L. seeds was 25.56, 23.33, and 21.11%, respectively. At 0 hr illumination time, the germination index and vigor index were the lowest and the seedling growth was at the weakest; in contrast, the seedling growth under other illumination times grew relatively well. Under different temperature conditions, the C. ternatea L. seed germination rate were arranged in the following order from highest to lowest: 30℃25℃20℃35℃15℃. Between 20-30℃, the seedling growth was excellent, and the germination index and vigor index were significantly higher than those tested under 15℃ and 35℃. Under different warm water temperature soaking conditions, the C. ternatea L. seed germination rate were arranged in the following order from highest to lowest: 80℃60℃50℃40℃70℃CK. At 40℃ soaking temperature, the germination index, vigor index, lateral root occurrence rate, true leaf growth rate, and seedling growth were all superb. [Conclusion]Temperature was the main determining factor for seed germination growth. The optimal temperature for C. ternatea L. germination was between 20-30℃. Under 40-60℃ of warm water soaking, the C. ternatea L. germination rate noticeably increased. The influence of illumination on the seed germination rate was negligible, so seed germination was not affected by illumination conditions.


Based on the investigation, statistics of the field pick up and the research on previous literature, the results of the first top 8 gymnasts of the team events, the first top 8 of the all round competition and the first top 3 of the individual events, the difficulty of the movements and the performance in the men′s competition of the 37th World Gymnastics Championship the authors think Chinese team will gain 4 gold medals in Athens Olympic Game.


Aim To investigate the relationship between the promoter region of Bβ fibrinogen (Fg) gene polymorphism 148C/T, 455G/A and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods By Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR RFLP) restriction enzyme digestion methods,the genotypes and allele frequencies of Bβ fibrinogen gene polymorphism 148C/T, 455G/A were determined in 148 CHD patients and 173 controls. Result Fg Bβ 148T, 455A allele frequencies are higher in CHD group than that in control group (P0.05). Both heterozygous genotype frequencies of 148CT and 455GA are higher in CHD group than that in control group. The plasma Fg levels have differences among genotypes: 148CC, 455GG 148CT, 455GA 148TT, 455AA respectively. The plasma Fg levels are higher in CHD group than that in control group, when compared the same genotype, CHD group Fg levels also higher than that of in control group. Conclusion The promoter region of Bβ Fg gene polymorphism 148C/T, 455G/A are associated with the development of CHD, and at same time impact on the plasma Fg concentration. The polymorphism 148C/T and 455G/A are complete linkage disequilibrium in Southern Chinese.


Broadband system (1) for transmitting and receiving broadband signals with a built-adaptation means (2), which a compensation signal (KS) from the received wideband signal (EBS), which with a reinforced sinusoidal signaling signal (verSS) one to the broadband system (1) can be coupled language system (3) is superimposed, adaptively generated and the generated compensating signal (KS) from the superimposed received wideband signal (eBS + verSS) is subtracted, so that an error compensated received wideband signal (FEBS) is formed.


The ability of the boiling water reactor KERENA to safely handle beyond-design seismic ground motions s analyzed within a seismic margin assessment (SMA) s upported by PSA (probabilistic safety analysis) mod eling. The performed analysis covers the two major domains of PSA-based SMA, namely i.) fragility analysis of  safety-relevant structures and equipment, and ii.) system and accident sequence analysis using the fra gilityaugmented PSA model (fault trees and event trees). The focus of the fragility analysis is on the civil structures and on the advanced passive safety equipment of the KERENA design, which are designed against standard  design spectra (EUR-spectra) with a peak-ground acc eleration (PGA) of 0.25g. The results of the fragility analysis indicate a hi gh robustness of the analyzed structures and equipm ent to design-exceeding seismic ground motions. The PSA ba sed system analysis also manifests the benefits of he passive safety features, which remain functional ir respectively of the availability of electrical powe r supply.


Objective To investigate the effects and clinical significance of 5% compound Lidocaine cream for adult male patients before urethral catheterication to reduce urinary tract irritation during the anesthesia recovery period.Methods 200 cases of adult male patients undergoing elective surgery were randomly divided into two groups.The control group took conventional methods of urethral catheterization after anesthesia.5% Lidocaine cream was applied before catheterization to the observation group.Urinary tract irritation and related reactions of patients in both groups were observed during the general anesthesia recovery period.Results The related urinary tract irritation reaction of the observation group was lighter than that of the control group.Conclusion 5% compound Lidocaine cream for adult male patients before urethral catheterication can significantly reduce the anesthesia recovery period of urinary tract irritation,which ensures the smooth transition.


Sodium hydrosulfite is universally applied as a reducing agent for the reduction of indigo, but also produces hazardous by-products viz. sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate ions with harmful effects on the environment due to their toxicity, as well as corrosive effects on the waste lines. To overcome these problems, use of an ecofriendly reducing agent, viz. alkaline catalase, along with iron (II) sulfate, was used in place of sodium hydrosulfite for dyeing of cotton with indigo. Dyed samples were characterized by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The alkaline catalase with iron (II) sulfate reducing system produced the same reduction potential in dyebaths, reduction bath stability, surface color strength, and color fastness properties of dyed cotton compared to sodium hydrosulfite use.


[1.1] There are many reasons to assign a starring role to music making in the teaching and learning of music theory--that is, to get students learning theory through playing and singing--but also many obstacles standing in the way. Especially in so-called "written" theory, keyboard work stands to make the learning process active, aural, and creative; to pave, for students with aural and kinesthetic learning preferences, paths to success in a subject laden with visual and logical structures; and to draw explicit links between music-theoretical learning and the performance, listening, and compositional activities that it informs. Scholars of music theory pedagogy have made a compelling case for creatively oriented instruction.(1) The principles of backward design and instructional alignment, cornerstones in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, offer a useful algorithm for deciding on intended learning outcomes, determining which kinds of assessments will aid and demonstrate these outcomes, and finally planning teaching and learning activities that develop the associated skills.(2) Taking as a premise the goal that students use what they learn in music theory to make (i.e., perform, compose, improvise, listen to) music, how might a theory curriculum feature music making as a principal means of learning and assessment?[1.2] There are a growing number of resources for teaching music theory through playing and singing. Several pedagogues, especially Peter Schubert, have amassed instructional toolkits of improvisational teaching methods by sketching or demonstrating classroom-tested exercises.(3) In addition, some comprehensive theory textbooks include keyboard, vocal, and sing-and-play exercises, either alongside written and analytical tasks or in separate aural workbooks.(4) Particularly in the case of music making at the keyboard, which is the focus of this article, the recent unearthing of partimenti has granted pedagogues access to fertile teaching methods that integrate composition, theory, performance, and improvisation.(5) In fact, historical methods are exactly what I teach to the few students per semester who work with me in independent studies. They are proficient keyboard players and good musicians, and they are willing to work an hour or two per day, so they master figured bass and the Rule of the Octave, realize partimenti, read and discuss open scores, and improvise over ground basses. These independent studies are privileged situations, however, markedly different from what many of us face in the trenches--namely, large and diverse classes of overcommitted students with little to no comfort at the piano.[1.3] If keyboard activities are to be integrated as central and pervasive elements of an undergraduate theory curriculum, two sizeable barriers must be surmounted: first, finding a way to assign, guide, assess, and integrate them within constraints that are often, as in my case, unchangeable, such as class sizes, teaching spaces, instructional time, course staffing, and students' pianistic (in)ability; and second, gathering compelling evidence that the resultant impact on student learning is positive and substantial enough to justify the expenditure of time and resources. This article aims to clear both of these hurdles, first by charting a technologically assisted route around the logistical and pedagogical obstacles that can stand in the way of incorporating keyboard work into theory instruction, and then by substantiating its effectiveness with qualitative and quantitative data collected during a formal impact study with second-year students at Michigan State University during fall 2013. Results showed dramatic benefits to what, how, and how well students learned in music theory; to their attitudes toward music theory; and to their ability to apply these skills to their musical endeavors outside the course.[1.4] Through trial and error, I have identified four obstacles to keyboard skills in the twenty-first-century music theory class. …


Alkaline activation of fly ashes is a procedure that enables an alternative binder which has been receiving much interest by several research groups particularly on the manufacturing of mortars and concretes. The properties of the materials that are developed during the alkaline activation are influenced by the curing conditions (temperature and relative humidity). Another relevant facet related to the curing procedures is the possibility of carbonation occur, which may have an impact on the mechanical strength of the alkaline cements. In this research, several sets of curing conditions were tested to understand which one results in a higher strength and reveals carbonation. Uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted to assess mechanical behavior. The outcome suggests that higher temperature and low relative humidity yields higher mechanical strength.


Multiple, interacting flames in DLE systems can increase flame surface area and promote mixing of hot-products into the reactants — leading to an efficient usage of combustion volume and improved injector performance. An optically-accessible, confined, linear array of five swirl nozzles was recently built [1] to investigate flame dynamics and validate computational strategies. The present work focuses on modeling a dataset representative of lean gas turbine conditions, using a flamelet approach. A preheated (500K), premixed fuel-air mixture (ϕ = 0.55, Tflame = 1732K) at atmospheric pressure was injected through the swirlers at 40 m/s into a rectangular chamber. High-speed laser measurements of the flow (3 component velocity field from 10 kHz stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (S-PIV)) and flame (planar laser induced fluorescence of the hydroxyl radical (OH-PLIF)) were used for model validation.
 The objectives of this work: (1) Evaluate a flamelet-progress variable method based on flamelet-generated manifolds (FGM) and examine its sensitivity to models for micro (scalar dissipation) and large scale mixing (anisotropic RANS vs LES) and (2) Obtain insight into the velocity field and flame stabilization in an interacting system.
 Computations indicate that high-swirl nozzles produce bluff-body flames anchored to shear-layer vortices due to an arrested flow expansion. The anisotropic RANS turbulence model under-predicts the recirculation zone strength but predicts flow development and Reynolds stress profiles fairly well. While LES is more accurate overall, both models over-predict flow fluctuations in the transitional flow at the end of the recirculation bubble where flow becomes axially positive. The flamelet approach predicts the flame-shape and length correctly but over-predicts the reaction rate in-between swirlers. The effect of including a reactive SDR model is to significantly increase flame-flow interaction (higher scalar variance) but does not appear to influence the overall shape or location of the flame.


The function of vitamin E (vitE) is typically ascribed to protection from oxidation, however recent reports describe its non‐antioxidant functions. To investigate the non‐antioxidant effects of vitE in GPCR signaling, we reconstituted bovine rhodopsin into 1‐stearoyl‐2‐docosohexanoyl‐phosphatidyl choline (SDPC) bilayers. The effects of 5 and 10mol% vitE on rhodopsin function were determined spectroscopically by measuring the equilibrium amount of the signaling‐competent conformation of rhodopsin (MetaII) following photoactivation. The kinetics of MetaII formation was measured by flash photolysis. Effects of vitE on rhodopsin thermal stability were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Phospholipid acyl chain packing was determined via DPH time‐resolved fluorescence polarization anisotropy. Addition of vitE reduced both the rate of MetaII formation and the amount of MetaII formed. DSC thermograms demonstrate that vitE increases the thermostability of rhodopsin by up to 0.8°C. Model‐dependent analysis of the scan rate‐induced shift in Tm shows that vitE slows the kinetics of rhodopsin denaturation. VitE induced more constrained acyl chain packing while reducing DPH fluorescence lifetimes. These results demonstrate that high levels of vitamin E modulate lipid packing and inhibit GPCR activation in SDPC bilayers.


Many classes of high-performance applications and combinatorial problems exhibit large degree of imbalance in terms of task execution times. One approach to achieving high machine efficiency and balanced resource use is to over-decompose the problem into fine-grained tasks that are then dynamically re-balanced across the system by approaches such as workstealing. For such irregular applications, existing work stealing or work balancing techniques exhibit high overheads due to potentially excessive communication messages, and/or delays experienced by idle nodes in finding work due to repeated failed steals. In particular, on very large scale clusters, the problem of matching work generation and work consumption is extremely challenging. At the heart of the problem is the dilemma: idle workers do not know where to look for work and the work producers do not know where to send the generated extra work. We contend that the fundamental problem of distributed work-stealing is not one of rapid dissemination of availability of work but one of rapidly bringing together work producers and consumers. In response, we develop a workstealing-based algorithm that performs timely, lightweight and highly efficient matchmaking between work producers and consumers. The matchmaker simultaneously accumulates the work availability messages from the producer nodes and rapidly redirects messages of work availability to the consumers. The matchmaker is a regular worker which works on its own work queue executing tasks when it pauses from the matchmaking work. We validate these claims via an implementation of a match-making-based scheduler for Charm++, that we evaluate using representative benchmarks running on up to 8K cores. Results show that our scheduler is able to outperform other load balancers and distributed work stealing schedulers, and to achieve scale beyond what is possible with current approaches.


This study aims to test the economic value chain of the palm oil industry in North Sumatra and the contribution to economic growth. This research type is explanatory survey with quantitative method. The data used is secondary data. Population and sample used are trade value and economic turnover in Rupiah and Dollar amount to economic growth of North Sumatera Province. The analysis used with statistical tool Structural Equation Modeling. The results show the palm oil industry has a large economic value chain and contributes to the economic growth of North Sumatra Province.


The real magnetic fields (MFs) acting on the graphene can induce flat real Landau levels (LLs). As an analogy, strains in graphene can produce significant pseudo MFs, triggering the appearance of dispersive pseudo LLs. By analyzing the low-energy effective Hamiltonian, we introduce the concept of the effective orbital MFs to integrate the real MFs and pseudo MFs. Accordingly, we obtain the complex LLs which incorporate the real LLs and pseudo LLs, and calculate the related transport properties. These concepts enable us to uncover the mechanisms driving the fragility of pseudo LLs against disorders and dephasing, proving that tuning the real MFs and Fermi energy can effectively improve the robust performances. Furthermore, the tunability of the valley-polarized currents is also studied, opening up new possibilities for the design of valleytronics devices.


Ju-shey Ho and Ching-Long Lin (2006) Two species of Makrostrotos gen. nov. (Copepoda: Taeniacanthidae) parasitic on the laced moray (Gymnothorax favagineus Bloch and Schneider) in Taiwan. Zoological Studies 45(4): 578-585. Two species of Makrostrotos gen. nov. (Copepoda: Taeniacanthidae), M. acuminatus sp. nov. and M. hamus sp. nov., were discovered parasitic on the gill filaments of the laced moray, Gymnothorax favagineus Bloch and Schneider, caught and landed at fishing ports in southern Taiwan. The new genus is characterized in having a T-shaped (instead of a Y-shaped) rostral bar, a robust, prehensile maxilla, and a whiplike maxilliped. The 2 new species of Makostrotos can be distinguished by the structure of the terminal claw on the maxilla and the armature of the 3rd expopodal segment of leg 4.


We use multidimensional coherent spectroscopy to identify interlayer coherent coupling between excitons in a M<inf>o</inf>Se<inf>2/</inf>WSe<inf>2</inf> heterostructure, which brings us towards the goal of resolving energy transfer processes in transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures. © 2019 The Author(s)


Service-based architecture (SOA) are extensively adopted in web applications. In this scenario, REST-based web services has become a large adopted standard. The addition of semantics enhances the web services description, which enables automatic agents to discover them and to make calls. However, the existence of many different languages to semantically describe services makes it difficult to discover and to select the service that best attends a requirement. Furthermore, most of these languages does not attend to describe RESTful services, making the discover process even more difficult. This work proposes a RESTful semantic web service discovery architecture based on semantic interfaces (SERIN). SERIN intends to semantically described RESTful web services through an annotated ontology. We present a study showing that is possible to adopt the proposed architecture to implement a semantic service-based application, with minimum development effort, that enables software agents to automatically discover and to make service calls in order to execute a determined task.


The diagnosis of advanced lung cancer is made with minimally invasive procedures. This often results in the availability of cytological material only for subtype determination and companion diagnostic testing, with the latter being technically and clinically validated on histological material only. Thus, the primary objective of the MO29978 clinical study was to assess programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) protein expression on cytology samples as surrogates for histology samples in patients with lung cancer.


It is a challenges to traditional teaching methods with the courses of robotics set up in colleges and universities.In order to improve student learning interest and learning initiative,to achieve the objective of teaching the robot,this robot technology university courses on the teaching methods of the existing The analysis to identify where the shortcomings and make some improvements in order to achieve good teaching results.


To elucidate the determination factors affecting Li-ion transport in glyme-based electrolytes, six kinds of 1.0 M tetraglyme (G4) electrolytes were prepared containing a Li salt (LiSO3CF3, LiN(SO2CF3)2, or LiN(SO2F)2) or different concentrations (0.5, 2.0, or 2.7 M) of LiN(SO2CF3)2. In addition to conventional bulk parameters such as ionic conductivity (s), viscosity (h), and density, self-diffusion coefficients of Li, anions, and G4 were measured by pulsed-gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance method. Interaction energies (DE) were determined by density functional theory calculations based on the supermolecule method for Li–anion (salt dissociation) and G4–Li (Li solvation) interactions. The DE values corresponded to ion diffusion radii formed by solvation and/or ion pairs. The order of dissociation energies DE was LiSO3CF3 > LiN(SO2CF3)2 > LiN(SO2F)2, which agreed well with the dissociation degree of these salts in the electrolytes. From the obtained knowledge, we also demonstrated that increasing the mobility and number of carrier ions are effective ways to enhance s of glyme-based electrolytes by using 1,2-dimethoxyethane with lower h and similar dielectric constant to those of G4.


The design of an integrated rectangular microstrip patch array antenna with enhanced isolation characteristic between transmitter and receiver is presented to produce a full-duplex transceiver with transmit and receive operation at the same frequency and with the same polarization. This integrated circulator-like antenna has potential uses in both short-range communication systems and radar.


The present study focuses on the technique of defluoridation by using the process of electrocoagulation (EC). Efficacy of EC process was investigated for laboratory simulated sample called as control sample and groundwater sample collected from Shivdaspura (Rajasthan) under different operating conditions. Continuous flow experiments were conducted for fluoride removal using aluminium electrodes to study the parameters such as: current density, flow rate, number of stages in treatment, fluoride uptake capacity and residual aluminium. The results obtained showed that double stage treatment system gave higher treatment efficiency than single stage system. Residual Aluminium was measured and found in the range of 0.08-0.1 ppm which shows that EC offers better quality of water when compared with other methods of defluoridation like Activated Alumina (AA) process and Nalgonda technique.


A recent (2015) study conducted by the Society of Human Resource Managers concluded that nearly half of US employers, across industries, believe recent college graduates to be lacking in requisite competencies for communication, broadly, and writing, in particular. This paper describes an advanced writing course in public relations that seeks to ameliorate this proficiency gap by using experiential learning modules, small group learning methods, authentic exercises, and instructional scaffolding techniques to improve student writing and promote workplace readiness. The module series, Writer's Bootcamp, is a short, intensive, and rigorous collaborative among students and instructor aimed at shaping independence and aptitude in writing. Authentic exercises, derived from real-time, real-world situations, were assigned. Students in small groups worked together to appropriate the piece (from the PR Toolbox, a collection of trade writing), collaboratively script, and present a response in thirty minutes. An assessment of learning outcomes involving the programmatic writing rubric, critical incident reports (verbal), and a reflection instrument (written) indicates the Bootcamp as engaging, gratifying, and transformative by students. Limitations are discussed followed by implications for teaching and learning in upper-level, pre-professional writing courses.


In this paper we describe standard structures for model transformation specifications and implementations, which serve as patterns for constructing a wide range of model transformations. We use specification patterns to derive relationships between invertibility, change-propagation and the existence of language-level interpretations for transformations that are defined using the pattern. We also consider how these specification patterns can be used to systematically construct implementations for the specifications, and what software patterns (both variations on well-known design patterns, and those specific to the model transformation domain) are particularly relevant to model transformation implementation.


SUMMARY

A number of methods for determining the quantity of mineral in bones have been considered.

The use of radioisotopes of calcium and strontium in uptake studies of bone lesions has been briefly reviewed. Comparative sensitivities of the radiographic and radioisotopic methods have been indicated, and the use of 47Ca for sequential studies on skeletal tumours has been mentioned as a possibility.

High accuracy in determining bone mineral concentration can be achieved by the use of transmission dose techniques provided that low energy X rays are used, but measurements are restricted to regions with only small quantities of overlying soft tissue.

The morphological technique affords the simplest approach to an assessment of the patient's clinical condition, but the technique cannot be considered to give a reliable estimate of the quantity of bone mineral present.

Microradiography eliminates the effect of soft tissue by the use of biopsy and a low X-ray kilovoltage, but evaluation at the same site at successive time intervals is not possible.

Some problems encountered in the radiographic densitometry technique, and their solution by a suitable experimental method, have been described. The possible use of a double kilovoltage technique (currently under investigation) in bypassing the limitations of a single kilovoltage method has been outlined, and future applications of the technique have been proposed.


The formal effectiveness of the private documents can be judged by the authenticity of nominal signer and formal authenticity.The authenticity of nominal signer can be presumed by the true name of a person's signature,and the formal authenticity can be presumed by the authenticity of nominal signer.When verifying the substantial effectiveness,factual presumption may take effect to some extent.The proving party are responsible for the onus probandi of the personal document's authenticity,when legal presumption rules is applied;the theme and criterion of verification have some difference in basic truth and presumptive truth for the parties concerned.


ABSTRACT This paper responds to the call for occupational scientists to advance understandings of occupation beyond a Western paradigm by considering the implications of drawing upon Africana womanism as a theoretical underpinning to explore gendered occupation. The uptake of Africana Womanist theory can challenge taken-for-granted assumptions tacitly embedded within occupational science surrounding gender and womanhood, while creating space for alternative ways of being, knowing, and doing in the conceptualization and study of occupation. The dual aims of this theoretical discussion paper are: to outline how Africana womanism both challenges implicit assumptions regarding gender and occupation (specifically gendered occupations) embedded in occupational science, and to critically consider how Africana womanism can advance understandings of occupation beyond a Western paradigm.


One of my favourite proverbs in Twi, the largest African language in Ghana, is: Wonkoa didi a, wonkoa bene (If you eat alone, you will also shit alone). It is a blunt saying because of the directness of the term ne (to shit). People are usually more 'polite' and apply euphemisms to refer to defecation. The proverb points at the sociability of eating; someone eating alone is not considered to be a good person. S/he may be an egoist, or a miser, who will be punished for their bad behaviour and therefore will have to go to the toilet alone. But what punishment is there in visiting the toilet alone? Most readers of this article probably prefer to be alone in that place. The proverb refers to toilet conditions in the past of the Akan society of Ghana. Some elderly informants explained to me that the toilet used to be a large pit covered by a scaffold of poles. The pit was always situated outside the 'town', in the 'bush'. Visiting the toilet alone, in the night, was not a pleasure. If one became sick after eating a meal in the evening, one would probably have the company of another person who ate the same meal. Only the lonely eater, however, had to walk alone. The memory of the poles on which people had to squat to relieve themselves has been retained in some of the euphemisms for defecation, for example kO dua so ('to go on a tree'). One of Christaller's proverbs (no. 407) also refers to the wooden poles of the traditional toilet: Obi se 'ObEma woane' a, Ente se woankasa wosEn yanee so (If someone says he will help you to shit, it isn't the same as sitting yourself on the poles). Christaller explains in his Twi dictionary that oyanee means 'the scaffolding of poles outside the town used as a privy ... wc'. My knowledge of the pre-colonial, colonial and early post-colonial history of the Akan toilet is entirely based on discussions with people and the dissection of a few traditional sayings. There is an absence in the literature on 'traditional' Akan society about faecal matters. Rattray, the 'Royal Warrant Holder' of Akan tradition, who wrote Ž ve books on Akan culture, ignores his informants' more mundane and natural necessities in life. Surprisingly, even in his collection of folk-tales, which, as he points out, are often vulgar and coarse, defecation does not occur. In his ethnographic work there is only one reference to a toilet, when he lists the sixty-four rooms of a paramount chief's palace. Room 48 is named as Kantamereso ('the chief's lavatory'). There is no indication what that 'lavatory' looks like or what is in it. Moreover, the reader may wonder where the other residents of the palace went to relieve themselves. The overall picture that arises from my conversations with Ghanaians is that, in the olden days, people had public toilets in the bush which constituted a hole


The paper introduced the components, health function and medical value, development and utilization of longan fruit including its false seed peel, pericarp and seeds.


Rrom such aspects as structures,material choices,drying and the routine operations,In the article analysed is the cause of the part collapse of the U-shaped suspension Wall—the separating equipment of the 500 t/d floatation glass kiln,and also introduced In it is the practical experience of the repair of the collapsed foreign U-shaped Suspensin wall in high temperature, with the equipment continuing working.


The research on the interaction between the Wedge-shaped blade head and the rock is not only the theoretical basis for developing TBM,but also the research focus of scholars at home and abroad.The study of the phenomenon of the Wedge-shaped blade head's piercing the rock and the interaction between them reveal that under the effect of the Wedge-shaped blade Head,the macro form of rock-breaking is "jump crushing." Before that,the rock undergoes elastic deformation and plastic deformation.The rock deformation is mainly in the form of plastic deformation with minor elastic deformation plastic.The force exerted on the Wedge-shaped blade head and the cutting depth maintain linear relationship.Thus,the physical equation for rock's plastic deformation in such a case is expressed as the generalized Hooke's Law.The theory of single-point and double-angle variables is put forward.With the balance equations for the interaction between the Wedge-shaped blade head and the rock established,the value of Young modulus in terms of the generalized Hooke's Law is analyzed.Hence,a new research method and new theory is presented.


In the present work, we investigate the melting process of phase-change material (PCM) such as paraffin wax. The study is carried out by an illustrative numerical exercise using an enthalpy-porosity method for modeling the melting process. The isotherms and the liquid-solid interface of the melting process, the impact of the hot temperature, the effect of the aspect ratio and of the inclination of the heating surfaces of a square cavity, the stored energy, and the melt fraction are studied and analyzed at different stages. The results showed that the energy was amplified with the increase in the temperature gap. The degree of the influence of convection was also increased by decreasing the aspect ratio. Finally, the melting fusion and the stored energy are better for vertical wall heating than for horizontal bottom wall heating.


This presentation outlines strategies for successful school tours to the public library, including book talks, reading stories, joke telling, and clarifying library rules for young library users. It was presented at the 2006 BCLA Conference called Sharing a Vision: the Power of Collaboration.


China's performance in relation to climate change has become one of the most significant factors affecting its national image.Chinese scholars generally affirm China's stance and image on this issue,while the comments from western countries are entirely different.This paper argues that the chief reason behind this is that western media,as the major information provider to the western public,offer tendentious information on China's climate change.At the meantime,the western public tend to opt for the media's information and support their viewpoints.If China hopes to advance its national image on climate change,it must take greater efforts to improve information transmission and international communications and abandon its development pattern of "remediation after pollution".


It is with great pleasure that Visual Anthropology reprints excerpts from one of the major texts in our field, Luc de Heusch's monograph, "The Cinema and Social Science: A Survey of Ethnographic and Sociological Films." First published in English in 1962 in UNESCO's series on the social sciences, the monograph has been out of print and difficult to locate for a number of years. It is being reprinted here so that we might better understand the historical development of visual anthropology by again having access to this classic. The editor would like to thank Professor de Heusch and the rights and permissions unit of the Unesco Press for allowing us to make this work again available. We have omitted Chapter 5, "Brief Outline of the History of the Ethnographic and Sociological Film," and Chapter 6, "Use of the Film in Ethno‐Sociological Research and the University Teaching of Social Sciences."


This article is a continuation of a study begun in 2020 and devoted to the strategic and practical aspects of US military policy in Latin America at the present. The authors analyze the changes occurred in the US military policy towards Latin American countries under the influence of COVID-19 and after Joseph Biden has taken office. The current areas of cooperation between the United States and the region are considered, chiefly through the work of the US Southern Command. The authors highlight non-military security programs carried out by the State Department. They come round to thinking that there is an urgent need to redistribute resources for humanitarian missions due to their swelling importance for the vital interests of the United States in the region. At the same time, US military policy continues to be reduced to "combating drug trafficking, organized crime and illegal migration." Some of the last political steps taken by Washington in the region have aimed at stemming the Chinese and Russian sprawling influence. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.


The aim of this article is to present a new projective stereological method which enables to estimate the size and the shape of a three-dimensional (3-D) convex geometrical object from measurements only made on some of its two-dimensional (2-D) projections. In order to do so, some geometrical and morphometrical measurements on the projected shadows of the 3-D convex object are done and the size and shape parameter values of the 3-D convex geometrical object are retrieved using the maximum likelihood estimation method. After several validation tests on synthetic 3-D convex objects, the proposed method is successfully applied to estimate the 3-D particle volume distribution during crystallization processes.


In recent times, multi-storey buildings in urban cities are required to have column free space due to shortage of space, population and also for aesthetic and functional requirements. For this buildings are provided with floating columns at one or more storey. In the seismic regions the construction of these floating columns are highly disadvantageous. The earthquake forces that are developed at different floor levels in a building need to be carried down along the height to the ground by the shortest path. Deviation or discontinuity in this load transfer path results in poor performance of the building. The object of the present work is to study the behaviour of multistorey buildings having floating columns under seismic forces and observe the effect of shear wall in the same building. For this purpose three cases of multi-storey buildings are considered having 8 storey, 12 storey and 16 storey. All the three cases are considered having floating columns provided with and without shear wall, and also analysed for zone III, zone IV and zone V by using software Staad.Pro. Observation shows that the provision of floating columns is advantageous in increasing FSI of the building but is a risky factor and increases the vulnerability of the building. It is observed from the analysis that lateral displacement and storey drift of the building increases from lower to higher zones because the magnitude of intensity will be more for higher zones. By the use of shear wall these parametric values reduces in all the models. This analysis work provides a beneficial help on the parameters lateral displacement and storey drift in the multistorey buildings having floating columns with and without shear wall.


Purpose: This study aims to assess lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after radical prostatectomy (RP) and compare longitudinally the short-time LUTS changes of three techniques: robot-assisted RP (RARP), laparoscopic RP (LRP), and open RP (ORP). Materials and Methods: We reviewed prospectively the collected longitudinal data on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) from patients who performed RP for localized prostate cancer. One-year longitudinal data (preoperatively and at postoperative 3, 6, and 12 months) on IPSS were available for 322 patients. The number of patients was 231 for RARP, 42 for LRP, and 49 for ORP. LUTS was assessed on the basis of the IPSS and the IPSS quality of life (QOL) score. Results: The IPSS and IPSS related QOL scores were significantly improved over the baseline score not for the LRP and ORP but for the RARP. For patients with moderate to severe LUTS preoperatively, the RARP group immediately improved in terms of preoperative LUTS differently from both LRP and ORP groups. Only RARP significantly improved in terms of voiding symptom composites (VSC) differently from both LRP and ORP procedures. However, none of the procedures changed in terms of storage symptom composites (SSC) longitudinally. Conclusions: The improvement of LUTS for RARP may contribute to the improvement of not only SSC but also VSC.


[Objective] The aim was to provide the technical basis for the development and utilization of Pleione bulbocodioides from Jinggang mountain.[Method] With the capsule of P.bulbocodioides from Jinggang mountain as the material, its immature embryos were inoculated in medium.The induction effects of different mediums for immature embryo,induction medium contained different hormone combinations for protocorm and multiple buds,and root induction conditions were studied.[Result] The immature embryos inoculated in MS medium developed slowly and turned green after 65 d of culture,and the number of bottle in which the bud developed was 30%.When GA3 was added into MS medium,the number of bottle with developed bud was increased to 40%.The immature embryos in 1/2 MS medium turned green after 43 d of culture,and the number of bottle with developed bud was 62%.When 2.0 mg/L 6-BA was added into MS medium,the induction effects of protocorm and multiple buds were the best,and the induction rate was 90% and 80% resp.At 18 ℃,the seedling of P.bulbocodioides without root began to root after 15 d of culture,and after 30 d of culture,the rooting rate of the seedling in 1/2 MS medium reached 95.2% with average rooting number of 4.0 strips/plant.[Conclusion]The suitable egeneration system for P.bulbocodioides from jinggang mountain was established.


The present invention provides a method for filling underground space, comprising: extracting purified water into the sedimentation basin combustion air from the underground gasification zone; and purified water mixed with pulverized solids slurried feedstock into a slurry; the slurry is filled into the underground space and dried. Also provided for filling underground space, comprising: extracting from an underground sewage pumps air fuel gasification zone; purification of sewage sedimentation tank, after having the purified water outlet for purified water out of the pump outlet pumps communication sewage inlet; water injection system having a water supply pipe, the pipe having a water supply outlet, purified water outlet of the settling tank inlet communicating; slurry injection means, for having divided solid material into the pulp feed port, water supply port in communication with the outlet, and the solid was slurried with material transfer into the purified water were mixed to a slurry of underground space conveyor. In one aspect of the present invention to reduce the risk of groundwater contamination on the other hand reduces the risk of contamination of the soil surface.


Objective:to evaluate the biological response in vivo to poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(PHEMA) material for the use as the skirt of a keratoprosthesis. Methods:the porous discs of PHEMA were implanted into interlamellar pockets. The corneal tissues were evaluated clinically, histologically and ultrastructurally. Results: all of the implants have been retained, with no severe complications such as cataract, retrocorneal membrane formation, retinal detachment. Keratocytes migrationinto theimplants and depositionof complex extracellular matrix in the discs were found.The keratocytesaround the discs looked healthy and functionally activeby TEM. The migration of cells into the discs mimicked the scenario of wound repair. Conclusion:The moderated PHEMA is asuitable material for the skirt of one-piece keratoprosthesis.


The application of multiresolution techniques to subsurface sensing in the framework of linearized models of the scattering equation and in 2D geometry is considered. In particular, two approaches based on the so called "fixed" and "adaptive" multiresolution schemes, are been proposed.


I find strong evidence of economically and statistically significant predictability in Brady bonds, the most liquid emerging debt market, by implementing a new model for credit spreads. Active management provides U.S. investors in emerging markets with double the buy-and-hold returns at lower risk and the equivalent of free options on Brady bonds. My analysis suggests that predictability is primarily driven by credit spread deviations from fundamentals rather than time-varying risk or risk premia. This inefficiency results from the restrictions of a nontransparent, institutionally dominated, dealer market and the lack of a fully developed derivatives market for emerging country credit risk.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze stability of Jintan underground rock salt gas storage caverns during operation period. Some factors such as complex geological and operation conditions and high variability of physico‐mechanical parameters which will influence the safety of underground storage caverns are also considered.Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, taking account of stability and sealability, numerical models of single cavern and two caverns for Jintan rock salt are established and calculated based on Mohr‐Coulomb criterion and damage‐dilatancy criterion. Response surface method combining with Monte Carlo method are adopted to calculate the failure probabilities of elements near the caverns. Various working conditions including different operation pressures and distances between caverns are also considered.Findings – Shear failure is the main failure mode of Jintan underground rock salt gas storage caverns. The major failure area is located in the middle of the cavern. Rel...


The security of chaos-based cryptosystems is closely related to the possibility of recovering control parameters and/or initial conditions from partial information on the associated chaotic orbits. In this paper we analyze this possibility for the case of unimodal maps. We show a meaningful set of contexts where the dynamics of unimodal maps can be reconstructed, which means a relevant reduction of the scope where this kind of chaotic maps can be applied to build up new encryption procedures.


The sodium pump, Na,K-ATPase, has two principal conformations, termed E1 and E2, as does the calcium pump of sarcoplasmic reticulum, SERCA. Ouabain binds to Na,K-ATPase, poorly to E1, and tightly to E2, and binding residues have been identified.1 So how does the arrangement of ouabain-binding residues change between E1 and E2 to prevent or accept binding of ouabain? The three-dimensional arrangement of residues is unknown for Na,K-ATPase but is known for both conformations of SERCA.2,3 Although ouabain does not bind to SERCA, the primary structure of SERCA is homologous to that of Na,K-ATPase.4 Thus residues that bind ouabain in Na,K-ATPase can be mapped to corresponding residues in SERCA. Changes in the arrangement of these residues between E1 and E2 in SERCA should be similar to corresponding changes in Na,K-ATPase. Ouabain-binding residues of Na,K-ATPase were mapped to residues of SERCA as follows.4 The residue before the equal sign is in Na,K-ATPase,1,5 and the residue after the equal sign is in SERCA: C104 = S72 and Q111 = L75 in helix M1; D121 = I85 and N122 = T86 in loop L1-2; Y308 = G286 in loop L3-4; F786 = T778, L793 = E785, and T797 = P789 in loop L5-6; R880=A852 in helix M7; F982 = L968 in helix M10. The SERCA atomic coordinates (files 1EUL and 1IWO) were downloaded from the Protein Data Bank, and these structures were viewed in RasMol. The best view was that of the extracellular face showing only the residues previously listed. In order to view E1 and E2 in the same orientation, helices 8 and 9 were fiducial structures (not shown). As the enzyme changes between E1 and E2 (FIG. 1), residues in L1-2, M1, and L3-4 revolve around M6, as indicated by the double-headed arrow. As E1 changes to E2, the motion is counterclockwise in this view corresponding to rotation of the


Three soil moisture models are compared: the finite difference solution of Richard's equation as used by the Systkme Hydrologique Europeen (SHE); the finite difference Green-Ampt based model developed by Clapp and extended by Markar; a simplification of the Clapp model that determines movement of soil blocks based on their relative moisture contents and which computes solutions over a complete data interval in a single step. The study confined its attention to the wetting up and drainage of the soil under gravity, and evaporative demands were ignored. Each model was tested with three different sets of soil properties intended to represent clay, silt and sand. All soils were assumed homogenous. Two types of comparison are presented: temporal variations of total soil moisture content over a 10 day period; and soil moisture variation with depth at particular instants of time. For each soil, the temporal patterns of total soil moisture content show many similarities. Generally the pattern produced by SHE lies between those generated by the other two models. The main differences occur during soil drainage. The SHE component differs markedly when water ponds on the soil surface. Soil moisture profiles show greater differences, many of which appear to be related to how the upper boundary condition is modelled.


Marc RIGAUDIS is the author of several books at L'Harmattan, Photographer and writer. He is an Assistant Professor at the School of Science and Technology and the Director of the Filming Department at USIU-Africa


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) with the delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) pulse could suppress the blood flow signal and provide a higher contrast-to-noise ratio of enhancing lesion-to-brain parenchyma than the MPRAGE sequence. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of SPACE with DANTE compared with MPRAGE for detecting brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-one patients who underwent contrast-enhanced SPACE with DANTE and MPRAGE sequences and who were suspected of having metastatic lesions were included. Two neuroradiologists determined the number of enhancing lesions, and diagnostic performance was evaluated using figure of merit, sensitivity, positive predictive value, interobserver agreement, and reading time. Contrast-to-noise ratiolesion/parenchyma and contrast-to-noise ratiowhite matter/gray matter were also assessed. RESULTS: SPACE with DANTE (observer one, 328; observer two, 324) revealed significantly more small (<5 mm) enhancing lesions than MPRAGE (observer one, 175; observer two, 150) (P < 0.001 for observer 1, P ≤ .0001 for observer 2). Furthermore, SPACE with DANTE showed significantly higher figure of merit and sensitivity and shorter reading time than MPRAGE for both observers. The mean contrast-to-noise ratiolesion/parenchyma of SPACE with DANTE (52.3 ± 43.1) was significantly higher than that of MPRAGE (17.5 ± 19.3) (P ≤ .0001), but the mean contrast-to-noise ratiowhite matter/gray matter of SPACE with DANTE (−0.65 ± 1.39) was significantly lower than that of MPRAGE (3.08 ± 1.39) (P ≤ .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with MPRAGE, SPACE with DANTE significantly improves the detection of brain metastases.


The thermodynamic efficiency of a high speed propulsion engine can be augmented if the cooling capability of the on-board cryogenic fuel is exploited for the heat rejection part of the propulsion cycle. This paper presents a simplified model of a combined Brayton cycle with a supersonic air breathing turbo rocket engine that has been simulated using the European Space Propulsion System Simulation libraries (ESPSS Libraries for EcosimPro). Standard ESPSS models of the various heat exchanger modules, combustors, fitting and turbo-machinery elements were used to represent the physical behavior in design and off-design operation. The goal of this paper is to obtain the main turbomachinery and heat exchangers characteristics needed concerning geometrical dimensions which allow to obtain a predefined engine thrust. The startup operations needed to fulfil stabilized cruise conditions and the ascent line performances were also simulated. INTRODUCTION Potential supersonic aircrafts are currently under investigation. Such a system requires an efficient propulsion plant able to carry the vehicle to the cruise Mach number and maintain it during the flight duration. The design of components such as heat exchangers or turbo-machinery is crucial in order to achieve the expected performances. Consequently, a powerful simulation tool appears as a needed solution to carry out a first evaluation of the most suitable designs. In this sense, the ESPSS libraries are chosen as the natural simulation solution, being the ESA's recommended tool for the simulation of space propulsion systems. The main features of the libraries are: • Standard fluid database for a wide range of simulations. • Two-fluid, two-phase networks with detailed simulation of transient aspects due to inertia (water-hammer), heat exchange or control processes. • Liquid, hybrid and solid rocket engines with one or more combustion chambers including turbomachinery and two-phase cooling systems. • Simplified study of movement and attitude of satellites, orbital transfers and orbit control coupled to the propulsion system. • A standalone library with the necessary components for the calculation of steady performances of rocket engine cycles under design and off-design conditions. These libraries are based on EcosimPro, a powerful software for programming components and resolving mathematical problems, with the following main features: • A user-friendly appearance thanks to an easy-touse Graphical User Interface (GUI), each library containing palettes of components represented by symbols, which can be used to quickly build complex systems graphically. • Object-oriented programming, which enables the abstraction of components' behavior (equations and data), inheritance and aggregation. • State-of-the-art solvers and the possibility to exchange and share models or model data. SIMULATION MODEL Two models have been built using the ESPSS libraries and EcosimPro: one for steady conditions (design point, see Figure 1) with simplified heat exchangers (HXs) and the other for transient conditions (startup and cruise, see Figure 2) with a higher fidelity representation of the heat exchangers geometry. Both models share the general topology, which consists of three circuits: Air circuit: The "Intake" represents the flight conditions in Mach number and altitude, to be selected in a particular experiment (the name given in EcosimPro to the configuration for a simulation) as boundary conditions. The recovery conditions downstream the intake shock wave are calculated depending on the intake geometry and flight regime. Then, the air is cooled in a heat exchanger "HX1_1", which heats the closed loop of Helium, then pressurized in the compressor "C1", heated in the pre-burner to increase the temperature of the Helium circuit in "HX1" and finally burned in the combustor "CC". In order to maximize the heat exchange, the Air/Helium heat exchangers are considered of the type shell & tubes in a cross-flow disposition. The tubes of "HX1_1" are located within the engine nacelle behind the intake and wrapped in coils around the engine axis with the air flowing radially inwards and across the pipes. He circuit: The helium circuit is a closed Brayton cycle. The Helium is heated up through the heat exchangers "HX1_1" and "HX1" recovering thermal energy from the Air and the preburner. Then it is expanded across the turbines "T1" and "T2", cooled down in the heat exchanger "HX2", compressed in "C2" and finally fed back to the heat exchanger "HX1_1", thus closing the cycle. "HX2" is of the type plate and fins, thus providing enough wetted area to cool down the Helium before compression. The Helium Turbine "T1" is mechanically connected to the Air compressor, but not directly coupled to the Air conditions like in an air turbo-rocket cycle. The Helium is further expanded across Turbine "T2", which drives the Helium compressor "C2". H2 circuit: The hydrogen "Fuel" flow, whose inlet conditions are 30K – 100 bar (downstream the Pump), is heated in a plates heat exchanger "HX2" cooling down the Helium circuit (regenerative part of the Helium Brayton cycle). Then the flow is divided into two branches: one goes to the pre-burner, and the other enters into the combustor. The code takes into account real properties of Hydrogen, both in sub-critic and super-critic conditions. The cycle is regulated by two gaseous hydrogen valves (GH2) in the transient model: • The first one feeding the pre-burner "PB" and controlled to maintain a constant turbine "T1" inlet temperature. • The second one is controlled to maintain a predefined "HX2" helium discharge temperature. A faithful and straight-forward EcosimPro/ESPSS representation of the above explained combinedcycle air-breathing rocket engine model is shown here below, where each physical device has an ESPSS component associated. The system topology has been easily modeled by linking the different components of this particular engine. Figure 1 Design Model Figure 2 Transient Model CALCULATION METHOD This section contains a brief summary of ESPSS User Manual (see [1]). Design Models: ESPSS design models aim at calculating directly the steady solution corresponding to a transient model. The system of equations is basically obtained by removing the time derivatives from the formulation of the transient model, hence resulting in a highly nonlinear and coupled system of equations. Design models contain the design conditions (engine performances and imposed operating conditions) as a part of the components' input data. The remaining unknowns, e.g. nominal operating conditions and design parameters, can be computed thanks to the EcosimPro capability of re-ordering the whole system of equations of the model. The so-computed variables define the turbo-machinery and valves. A complete engine sizing (including the nozzle throat diameter) can also be done by imposing specific mission requirements. Typically, the design conditions comprise pump and turbine efficiencies, pressure ratios, characteristic speeds, combustor pressure and mixture ratio and efficiency of some heat exchangers. Calculated variables are the nominal operating conditions such as the cycle mass flows, valve cross-areas, pressure drops, temperatures as well as the turbo machinery power and torque. The design model does not calculate the geometry of the heat exchangers. These simplified components (HX1_1 and HX2) are based on the conservation of mass and energy by imposing efficiency and pressure drop. The pressure drop across the hot and cold streams of the heat exchangers is defined as a percentage of the inlet pressures. Transient Models: ESPSS transient models are explicit. This means that any state variable (mass flow, mass and energy at each fluid volume) is calculated by the conservation equations. The thermal and transport properties are retrieved by interpolating in real fluid property tables. The conservation and dependent variables (pressure, temperature, etc.) are calculated at each time step. The conservation equations in general form for fluid volumes are included below: ) ( ) (           x f t           


Abstract One thousand hectares in the south-east sector of Banks Peninsula are being managed for the protection and restoration of native vegetation and wildlife under a policy of minimum interference. The probable pre-human vegetation cover (1000 yr B.P.), inferred from current evidence and some historical records, was continuous forest, c. 55% of it podo-carp/hardwood forest and 45% Nothofagus forest. About 4% of this old-growth forest survives. The remaining area is a diverse mosaic of successional vegetation. Approximately 30% of the total area is closed-canopy second-growth native forest. About 53% is under scrub of naturalised gorse (Ulex europaeus) and broom (Cytisus scoparius). The remaining 13% is under pasture, fernland, and native tussockland. The predicted cover 50 years hence, assuming that fire can be excluded, is 95% second-growth native forest, 4% old-growth forest, and 1% tussock, shrubland, and scrub which will persist on bluffs. Successional pathways are diverse, involving both native a...


Distributed resources are connected to distribution feeders using synchronous generators, induction generators, or power electronic converters. Models of these interface technologies are developed for use with an open-source distribution system simulator. Test cases and examples are presented for voltage control, short circuit, and dynamic analysis. This modeling level is appropriate for distribution system planning and operating studies. More detailed models are appropriate for harmonics, transients, and detailed design studies.


Scene boundary detection is a well-known task in both computer vision and machine learning. Due to the different characteristics of scene boundaries according to applied aspects, scene boundary detection can be casted into an unsupervised learning with multi-view data. This paper suggested the scene boundary detection method which adopts several ways to handle information in multi-view data. More specifically, in the proposed method, a shot is represented with multiple features and then their relations are represented with multiple affinity graphs. In this situation, this paper explains how multiple graphs are combined in a single complementary graph without information loss. In experiments, we tested five methods to combine graphs by using six Korean TV-series.


Web browsers have scaled from simple page-rendering engines to operating systems that include most services the lower OS layer has, with the added facility that applications can be run by just visiting a web page. In this paper we will describe the front and back end of a distributed evolutionary computation system that uses the browser's capabilities of running programs written in JavaScript. We will focus on two different aspects of volunteer computing: first, the pragmatic: where to find those resources, which ones can be used, what kind of support you have to give them; and then, the theoretical: how evolutionary algorithms can be adapted to an environment in which nodes come and go, have different computing capabilities and operate in complete asynchrony of each other. We will examine the setup needed to create a simple distributed evolutionary algorithm using JavaScript, with the intention of eventually finding a model of how users react to it by collecting data from several experiments featuring a classical benchmark function.


ECDC (an EU scientific agency with the scope of preventing and controlling communicable diseases) is an organization started in 2005. ECDC has initiated the build-up of a number of domain specific information systems in parallel. A common, shared terminology service, providing proper interface both for human and machine clients seemed to be the proper tool towards conceptual consistency (later interoperability) among the different systems, notably ensuring transparency and cross-search ability in the quickly accumulating communicable diseases related data, information and knowledge. There will be internal and external machine clients of the terminology service, as the new European communicable disease surveillance system (TESSy), the epidemics intelligence supporting information systems (EPIS, TTT3), the ECDC WEB site, the Eurosurveillance journal, the Knowledge and Information service (KISatECDC4) etc. The human users will be internal and external experts, the public health and the communicable disease scientific community. This paper describes the enterprise and functional level planning of the terminology services, the necessary decisions ECDC were faced at and the planned process to build up services. As it was found that there will be a need for long term, strictly maintained, conceptually clear terminology handling to ensure consistency and expendability, the build-up of an ontology backbone became a core part of planning. The technical and engineering aspects are given in an adjoining paper.


A fundamental assumption of the Hamilton and Zuk (1982) model of sexual selection is that parasite-free males should produce mate attracting displays that are substantially more vigorous and effective than those of their parasitized counterparts. Further, the model predicts that parasite-free males should be preferred as mating partners by females and, as a consequence, should have higher reproductive success than their parasitized competitors. Gray treefrogs ( Hyla versicolor ) constitute an ideal species for testing both assumptions and predictions of the Hamilton-Zuk model in that: (i) mate attraction by males requires the production of energetically costly calls and (ii) males of this species have been shown to harbor a wide range of helminth parasites. The present paper summarizes results of analyses of calling and mating behavior by male gray treefrogs in relation to their parasite infection levels. In general, these analyses revealed no consistent relationship between the number and kinds of parasites harbored by males and either the duration or duty-cycle (a direct measure of energetic cost) of their calls. Furthermore, males found in amplexus (i.e., males actually selected as mating partners by females) showed a slightly higher prevalence of parasite infection (but a slightly lower intensity of infection) than did a comparable sample of unmated males. In sum, the present study failed to support the major within-species prediction of the Hamilton-Zuk model of sexual selection and also calls into question one of the fundamental assumptions of the model.


CU Treasurer Dan Wilson said he and others in management are working on advancing the topic, but noted the complexity of university assets requires more direction from the council. He described four main pools of assets, including CU's endowment, which is overseen by the CU Foundation Board and not by the CU Board of Regents. The treasury pool is the university's operational assets, while the university's non-PERA retirement assets currently provide investors with the ability to choose where their funds are invested. Non-pool money completes the set of assets.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Electromagnetic Timeline Radar Genesis of RFID Operating Frequencies Chipless RFID Recent Development Summary References


Designers can use moment redistribution to reduce the design bending moment envelope. Code provisions for moment redistribution are not entirely rational. They neglect the effects of important parameters on permissible moment redistribution and can be very conservative. To establish a realistic limit on permissible moment redistribution, one needs a rational model for predicting the plastic rotation capacity of critical sections (plastic hinges). This paper presents a model for computing the plastic rotation capacity, θp, and permissible moment redistribution, β, in reinforced concrete beams. Important parameters, affecting θp and β, are identified and incorporated in the model. The model is validated against experimental results and shows good agreement. A comparison of the moment redistribution limits is made between the model and CSA A23.3-94. Although the code provides a reasonable estimate of β for unfavourable combinations of parameters, the code can be very conservative when conditions are favourab...


Abstract: This study presents a reflection on the environmental issue as one of the most important themes in current debates on human rights. This critical reflection analyses the struggle for environmental justice and the lack of actual effectiveness of environmental protection laws based on the paradigmatic case of the Belo Monte Dam, a hydroelectric power complex that is being built on the Xingu River in the state of Para, Brazil. This project dates back to the time of the military dictatorship in Brazil, a period when the prevailing ideology favored fast economic growth at any cost. But even then the project faced strong resistance from civil society and was later abandoned due to the severe destruction it would cause to the Indians, na-tives, local populations, and the environment. Thus, the current reflection questions how, in this present historical context, when environmental problems are at the core of debates regarding the socio-economic development, it is possible to defend and execute this dam, on the margins of legality, against the interests of the oppressed peoples and still ravaging the environment.


Consider the nonlinear impulsive delay difference equation:Δx(n)=mi=1r i(n)1-e x(n-l-i)1-λe x(n-l-i), n≥0,n≠n-k, x(n-k+1)-x(n-k)=b-kx(n-k), k=1,2,3…,Sufficient conditions are obtained for the oscillation and nonoscillation of solutions of Eq.


In the field of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the main objectives of a control strategy are to optimize the electrochemical reactions in the reaction subsystem in order to increase the fuel economy and energy efficiency, as well as ensure the load demand under a dynamic load profile and variable available power from renewable energy sources (RESs). Among others, the Global Extremum Seeking (GES) optimization technique has shown its capability to deal with these requirements. In this paper a classical implementation of a GES controller is analyzed and an artificial neural network (ANN) based implementation is obtained, showing that the approximation is accurate.


Root colonization by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and its spore population dynamics in pollution-free and polluted soil was studied. AM fungal colonization, formation of arbuscules and vesicles and respective spore counts were comparatively lower in polluted soil. Maximum colonisation in polluted area near thermal power plant was up to 35-60% and highest spore count was up to 75-95 spores per 100 gm air-dried soil which were 50-80% and 121-168 spores/ 100 gm soil in pollution-free sites. Polluted areas near paper mill or sugar mill had VAM colonization up to 20-25% only and spore count was 52-60 spores/ 100 g soil where as in non-polluted sites these were 58-71 % and 120-145 spores/lOO gm soil. AM spore counts were comparatively higher in soil samples collected in October and February months as compared to those found in summer and rainy seasons. Species of Acaulospora and Glomus were dominating the AM fungal spore populations where as Entrophospora sp. and Scutellospora sp. spore population were the lowest.


We study the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in weakly coupled disordered planes on the basis of a Non-Linear Sigma Model (NL$\sigma $M). Using two different methods, a renormalization group (RG) approach and an auxiliary field method, we calculate the crossover length between a 2D regime at small length scales and a 3D regime at larger length scales. The 3D regime is described by an anisotropic 3D NL$\sigma $M with renormalized coupling constants. We obtain the critical value of the single particle interplane hopping which separates the metallic and insulating phases. We also show that a strong parallel magnetic field favors the localized phase and derive the phase diagram.


The invention relates to a milling tool for producing trenches comprising: - a frame (34); - a plurality of cutter members disposed on at least one cylindrical surface, - a motor assembly (12), - power supply means (46) of said motor assembly (12) .L'outil is characterized in that it further comprises: - releasable securing means (22; 44) of at least a portion of the motor assembly (12) on which are mounted the cutter members with the lower end of the frame (34); - means for relative positioning between the frame (34) and the motor assembly (12), - means for connecting the power supply means (46) to the motor assembly (12), whereby at least a portion of the motor assembly (12) with the cutter members can be dismantled with respect to the frame (34) of the machine.


An apparatus for generating flames and more particularly the microwave plasma burner for generating high-temperature large-volume plasma flame was presented. The plasma burner is operated by injecting liquid hydrocarbon fuels into a microwave plasma torch in air discharge and by mixing the resultant gaseous hydrogen and carbon compounds with air or oxygen gas. The microwave plasma torch can instantaneously vaporize and decompose the hydrogen and carbon containing fuels. It was observed that the flame volume of the burner was more than 50 times that of the torch plasma. While the temperature of the torch plasma flame was only 550K at a measurement point, that of the plasma-burner flame with the addition of 0.025lpm (liters per minute) kerosene and 20lpm oxygen drastically increased to about 1850K. A preliminary experiment was carried out, measuring the temperature profiles of flames along the radial and axial directions.


A simple, experimental method is described for studying the kindling mechanism of electric sparkover. Experimental evidence is presented which tends to prove that electrons and not protons or positive ions are the active carriers in the kindling mechanism; that Lichtenberg figures form the initial step in the kindling process; that the sparkover channel develops from the positive Lichtenberg figure and that the sparkover path tends to follow the positive and negative Lichtenberg figures streamers.


This study aims to determine the style of women's leadership at the PPPKB Disdik and Diskes who manage the organization through: charismatic and value based (visionary and inspirational), team oriented (collaborative team orientation and team integrator) dan self-protective (self-centered and procedural). This research is a descriptive qualitative research conducted by interviewing Appreciative Inquiry on government female leaders in Madiun City in the Department of Education (Disdik) and the Department of Health, Population Control, and Family Planning (Dinkes PPPKB) Madiun City. The results showed that female leaders at Disdik managed the organization precisely according to the official vision that was adapted to the mayor's vision and mission in education, although female leaders at the PPPKB Dinkes could more systematically describe the steps or mission of the service in a more systematic and timely manner. Meanwhile, female leaders at the PPPKB Health Office are more responsible for controlling, limiting and learning from experience. Furthermore, in the collaborative concept of team orientation and team integrator, female leaders in both services are equally focused on cooperation and coordination. On Self-centered and procedural, female leaders at Disdik are always consider inputs selectively, with Dinkes PPPKB not considering inputs.


Topics covered include: theory and evaluation of nuclear cross sections; nuclear cross section processing; fission products and actinides, yields, decay data, depletion and buildup. (GHT)


The utility model discloses a high temperature and high pressure metallic hose, which comprises a connecting tube, a high pressure flange and a corrugated tube, which are respectively connected with both ends of the connecting tube. A metallic net sleeve is wrapped on an outer layer of the corrugated tube and the connecting tube, and the rubber sleeves are mounted on both ends of the corrugated tube and the connecting tube, which are welded into integration. A corrugated body of the corrugated tube is a dense corrugated tube body, and no gaps exist among the corrugations on the corrugated tube. The utility model is capable of enduring the high temperature and high pressure, and the pressure bearing capability enhances 6-8 times compared with a common structure process production. And the utility model improves the permission pressure for the application compared with the same inside nominal diameter metallic hose, which is a comparatively ideal metallic hose in the similar products at present.


The research on the influence of transportation and urban factors and transportation time, in particular, on housing cost was done in the article. The methods of statistic analysis (Statistica; MS Excel packs) were used. The transportation mobility of city residents was characterized using city Kemerovo as an example. The model describing the influence of resident incomes and transportation time on the housing cost was designed.


Our daily life is dominated by constant Internet connectivity. In order to retrieve up-to-date information and to share personal experiences and impressions, our computers and mobile devices periodically communicate with servers or peers. During this data exchange, we constantly leave digital traces on different systems across the communication stack. These traces can be used to compute profiles of individuals. While such profiles may be used to increase user experience and convenience, they seriously affect privacy of individuals. Typically, service providers like Google or Facebook collect gigabytes to terabytes of user payload data to compute user profiles from. That is, they make use of a big data approach. In contrast to that, this paper shows a novel small data approach to compute profiles using behaviour templates derived from IP address and port number statistics. Our use case is to increase network security through concurrent identification. Our approach is capable of identifying individuals with true- and false-positive rates of 0.995 and 0.001, respectively, without relying on payload information, significantly outperforming related work.


The poor quality and even rejection of bottled purified water usually result from the microbial contamination caused by bacteria and moulds Disinfection is one of the most important measures of controlling the quality of bottled purified water And the rational and effective use of O_3 to kill bacteria and moulds is regarded as a relatively ideal method


There has been revealed specifics of production management adaptive automated control systems. There has been proposed a research procedure for such systems aimed at designing their formal description. There has been demonstrated that this method allows simplifying integration of processes both within a structural element and during interaction of elements in a multilevel control system.


Though the culture of a nationality and its language are mutually dependent, the culture's development will eventually have had its effect on the language. This article is intended to divulge one of the most interesting aspects of the Japanese culture-the cat complex. The paper will also explore the semantic change and etymological development as influenced by the complex, thus to demonstrate the unique experience of the Japanese and their good humour as shown in the language.


The spectral transfer function of the imaging spectrometer is defined on the basis of the linear system theorem. The spectral transfer functions including spectral modulation transfer functions and the spectral phase transfer functions of the temporally modulated Fourier transform spectral imager based on Michelson interferometer and those of the spatially modulated Fourier transform spectral imagers based on Sagnac interferometer,Fresnel interferometer, and Lloyd interferometer are deduced. These spectral transfer functions could be regarded as an objective criteria in the spectral domain of spectral imagers. Together with the well known optical transfer function, the performance of the imaging spectrometer could be described comprehensively.


Bovine β-1, 4-galactosyltransferase mediates the transfer of galactose from uridine 5′-diphosphogalactose and also transfer of glucose from uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose to elymoclavine 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside 2a, yielding the respective diglycosides 3 and 4. Both reactions were optimised on a semipreparative scale. The products were characterised by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.


This work models the militant worldview of a militant Islamic terrorist through a series of fictitious letters written by a hypothetical Jaad ("Grandfather") to his grandson, Habib Talib ("Grandson Student"). These letters represent Jaad's attempt to mentor Habib Talib and to indoctrinate him into the world of international militant jihad (holy war). Through these letters, the reader will get to know the workings of Jaad's mind and will develop a mental model of his worldview as a senior leader within Al Qaeda. The letters will show how easily an extremist can twist logic to convince otherwise rational people that waging violent jihad is their religious duty. Unfortunately, there are as many specific terrorist worldviews as there are terrorists. Jaad's letters are intended to provide a representative model, a composite viewpoint to illustrate many beliefs common to those who adhere to his version of militant Islamic ideology. The baseline understanding gained by getting to know Jaad's mind will help the reader understand the larger world of Islamic extremism. While few beliefs are common to all Islamic militants, the views expressed by Jaad should be representative of much of the militant thinking within Al


Magnetorheological (MR) materials can have their properties reversibly altered by exposure to a magnetic field. Currently they can be divided into three categories: magnetorheological fluids (MRF), magnetorheological elastomer, and magnetorheological gel (MRG). MRFs present sedimentation problems inherent to the densities of their components. MRG are an alternative to MRF, but they still need to be further studied for their preparation. This study aims to prepare and evaluate the rheological behavior of eight MRG samples using iron carbonyl (HQ and OM) particles, SEBS copolymer and commercial mineral oil in different compositions. The samples were characterized by creep-recovery and angular frequency sweep, without magnetic field, and under magnetic fields ( B ) of 88 and 180 mT . The sample OM4 ( 7.47 % vol / vol OM, 2.10 % vol / vol KRT and 90.43 % vol / vol mineral oil) showed a viscosity increase around ten thousand times under B = 180 mT , favoring a wide range of control. Through the results, the study concludes that the magnetorheological response of MRG was more affected by the gelatinous matrix (OIL + SEBS) than the particle size used. Even so, there are indications that the interparticle separation distance (IPS) in the polymer matrix of the material also influences the behavior of the sample.


In 1949, as a portion of the preparation for writing my dissertation at George Peabody College for Teachers, Nashville, Tennessee, I began collecting folksongs in Tennessee. An article of mine that appeared in ;he June, 1959, issue of the Tennessee Folklore Society Bulletin (" Progress Report: Collection of Tennessee Folksongs in Recent years," pp. 31-79) gives a good idea of the contents of the collection. For my book, Tennessee Folksongs, which is to consist of the best variants of the best folksongs collected by myself or anyone else in Tennessee, I have added one category: Tennessee folksongs. Here are the categories as they appeared in the 1959 article (pp. 69-70):


A data approach at system identification that is relatively design free and requires only one pass of the training data is implemented to simulate next-day stock market trends on real NYSE prices over 15 years (3,081 days). The SAM system may be used to enhance predictions of relevant technical indicators. 1. Motivation The highly nonlinear task of stock market trend prediction has increasingly been done using adaptive and soft-computing methods such as modern control theory, neural networks and fuzzy expert systems. Neural networks, particularly the multi-layer perceptron (MLP), shown by Kolmogorov to be an universal approximator given the right network design [3], has gained its due popularity in this application. The MLP uses the parameter approach, which necessitates a definition of a set of system parameters and the optimization of those parameters to produce a "learned" or "adaptive" system. For that, the MLP is very design-intensive: we need to design the initial weights, activation function, weighting function, bias, learning step size, and the training rule [2]. Too many or too few neurons or layers may affect the MLP's ability to learn or emulate the stock system. There are variations to the MLP in [1], [4], [5], etc., all of whom still depend on the optimization of a fixed set of parameters. The design-intensiveness of the parameter approach motivates the data approach. Instead of a system represented by a stored function generalized from the training data, the data approach would represent the system by deriving local functions from a stored set of relevant training data. The Self-organizing Associative Memory system is a data-based alternative which is virtually design-free and requires only one pass of the training data. 2. Self-organizing Associative Memory (SAM) System SAM's procedure is simple: present the system with a new input point; the new input evokes an association of the closest neighboring points; should the association yield an output of the new point reasonably well then the new point is familiar and deemed redundant; if the association of the stored neighboring points proves inaccurate for the new point then the new point is novel and it is memorized. As more and more non-redundant data are stored, the SAM becomes "adapted" to the system. Since the SAM recognizes and stores each and every novel data, the training only requires one pass of the data. 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 2 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Figure 1: Adaptation of SAM to a Function Given More and More Data Given an input, SAM will search in the input-space of the stored data for the closest neighbors, and generalize these neighboring data into a neighborhood or local function. Should the percentage error between the desired output y and the predicted output y' of the given input exceed some error threshold ε1, the given input and its corresponding desired output are stored. ( ) ε = − y y y y ' min ' 2 2 2 , (1) Many nonlinear approximation methods such as weighted linear combinations and weighted pseudoinverse were attempted, but the safest approximation relating a set of points in ddimensional input space may be a (d+1)-dimensional hyperplane. Given that the input is in ddimensions, the linear SAM gathers d+1 closest stored neighbors in the input-space xi T and their corresponding outputs yi into a matrix augmented by a '1' as reference for the hyperplane:


Based on the biological data collected from the trawl fishery survey in the southern Yellow Sea from 2008 to 2009,growth and mortality parameters of small yellow croaker( Larimichthys polyactis( Bleeker,1877)) were estimated by the FiSAT II software,and status of stock and optimal first capture size were assessed by Beverton-Holt model. Optimum catchable size was determined by comparing the critical size and the length of point of inflection. The result showed that:(1) the relationship between body length and body weight can be expressed as W = 0.0268× L2.814(;2) Growth parameters can be described by the von Bertalanffy growth equation,the parameters were estimated to be L∞ = 27.00 cm ,k = 0.45 a-1 and t0 = - 0.47 a;(3) Mortality coefficients were estimated to be Z = 2.40,M = 0.77, F = 1.63 and exploration rate E = 0.68;(4) Under the actual fishing mortality coefficient F = 1.63,Yw/R can get maximum when the first capture age and size were 1.41a and 15.42 cm. It was suggested that the optimum catchable size of small yellow croaker in the Southern Yellow Sea was 14.83 cm.