This experiment assessed the effects of biosolids in the soil's chemical and physical characteristics. Soil was mixed to a biosolid in a totally randomized design, within a 5 × 4 factorial scheme: five doses of biosolid (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 m3 ha-1) and four depths (0–0.10; 0.10–0.20; 0.20–0.30; 0.30–0.40 m). Soil was placed in 50 L-tubs imitating the soil profile. Doses of biosolid were added to the soil and samples were retrieved after 120 days. Biosolid tended towards acidification, with very low P and K rates. Nutrient leaching, such as Mg, increases microporosity and the reduction of soil macroporosity should be considered in high doses of biosolid.


We describe a frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) setup that uses cheap LEDs for illumination. Application of this system is demonstrated by measuring lifetime changes caused by the diffusion of iodide ions across a microchannel.


Purpose: To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has examined the health-promoting effects of a daily supervised concurrent workplace training program in inactive office workers. The main objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a 6-month workplace training program on health indices, musculoskeletal pains, functional capacity, and physical fitness in office workers. Design: Randomized controlled study. Setting: Four workplaces in the Region of Thessaly, Greece. Participants: A total of 36 office workers (≥6 hours/d, 5 days/wk) were randomly assigned to either a training group (TG; n = 18) or a control group (CG; n = 18). Intervention: The TG participated, every working day, in a 6-month supervised concurrent (flexibility, strength, balance, aerobic) training program (120 training sessions, 2 workouts/d of 15-20 minutes) that was implemented, in small groups, at the workplace during the work shift. The CG did not participate in any training. Measures: Health indices (body composition, blood pressure, respiratory function), musculoskeletal pains, functional capacity (flexibility, balance), and physical fitness (maximal strength, cardiorespiratory fitness) were measured before and after the completion of the program. After the completion of the program, participants' enjoyment was assessed. Analysis: Two-way analysis of variance (group × time) with repeated measures on the "time" factor. Results: The statistical power, for all parameters, ranged from 0.85 to 0.94. Training group significantly increased lean body mass (3.81%); respiratory function (4.20%-4.53%); cervical, handgrip, back, and leg maximal strength (8.75%-26.55%); and functional capacity (19.71%-188.20%; P < .001-.01; Cohen's effect size: 0.80-7.21), while significant reductions were observed on body fat (7.58%), blood pressure (4.99%-8.05%), heart rate (12.80%), and musculoskeletal pains (33.33%-100%; P < .001; Cohen's effect size: 0.81-6.21). In CG, all the above variables did not change. Furthermore, a great percentage of workers (94.4%) reported high levels of enjoyment. Conclusion: The program "HealPWorkers" is an enjoyable exercise modality that may be safely and effectively used, to work settings, for the improvement of worker's health, overall fitness, and functional capacity.


The technology of rotors manufacturing for orbital hydraulic motors causes a certain form error of the gear surface. This leads to oscillations of the diametrical gap between the rotors. Such oscillations have a negative effect on the change in the output characteristics of the orbital motor. The previous studies on the issue consider the interaction between the rotors of orbital hydraulic machines as a gapless (theoretical) connection. The authors do not take into account that between the rotors of the orbital hydraulic motor, there is no rigid kinematic connection. This allows the internal rotor to move randomly within the diametrical gap (self-aligning). The study led to the development of the mathematical models that describe the relationship between the design features of the rotors and the output characteristics of an orbital hydraulic motor. To simulate the oscillation of the diametrical gap, the limiting deviations for the form error of the rotor gear surfaces have been substantiated. Investigations revealed that fluctuations in the form error of the rotor gear surface have a significant effect on the variation of the diametrical gap. The limiting deviations in the form errors of the gear surface manufacturing enabled to eliminate the oscillation of the diametrical gap and to ensure stability of the output characteristics for the orbital hydraulic motor.


Inductor–capacitor (LC) sensors feature passive wireless detections under harsh and sealed environments. With the booming demands of multiple parameters detection in an integrated chip, the research of multicoupled LC sensors is urgently needed. In this letter, we explored the multiple coupled LC sensors system to reveal the amplitude limit of detection, whose minimum value determines the frequency discrimination. We demonstrated that the amplitude of the sublow-resonant frequency is the minimum due to the inhomogeneous energy distribution, which limits the signal-to-noise ratio of the overall system. The research results and conclusions can guide the design and signal analysis of multiparameter LC sensors and can be extended to the signal analysis of other multiple wireless electromagnetic coupling sensor systems.


Abstract This study examines credit guarantee schemes in one of important emerging market economies in the Southeast Asian region, Thailand. We find that SMEs in Thailand face greater barriers to obtain bank credits compared to large established firms. The role of Thai Credit Guarantee Corporation (TCG) in the Thailand's credit market has increased but it is still limited compared to the role of credit guarantee institutions in other countries. There is a sign of vulnerability of the credit guarantee schemes in Thailand. More specifically, the leverage level of TCG exceeds the best practice level of 5 times the capital amount. However, the default rate of guaranteed loans is close to the sustainable level. Although the operation of Thai Credit Guarantee Corporation, at this point, shows indication of sustainability, periodical review of the scheme is necessary to prevent the vulnerability to become materialized. The challenge for policy makers is to strengthen the operation of Thai Credit Guarantee Corporation so as to increasingly facilitate SMEs access to bank credits. New methods of risk management (e.g., a risk-adjusted guarantee fee structure) can be adopted. Through the credit guarantee mechanism, banks will gain more experience with lending to SMEs. When a longer bank-customer relationship is established, better risk perception of SME lending will lead to reduction in interest rates and less collateral requirements on SME loans.


To promote the healthy and sustainable development of characteristic agriculture,the characteristic agriculture(including crops of rice,corn,oil crops,vegetables,food grains and livestocks)data resources sharing system was established in term of construction of internet environment and home page of gateway websites,user management,ID certification,development of retrieval system and management system,which realizes the high efficiency utilization of characteristic agriculture data resources.


To discuss the morbidity and mortality asscoaited with the fashioning of colostomy and its closure. This study was conducted in the surgical A unit of LRH, Peshawar. A series of 50 consecutive patients with colostomy for various indications were managed in surgical A unit and emergency department of LRH, Peshawar. Careful stoma formation minimizes risks of complciations asscoaited with it. In our study there was no difference between single layer and double layer closure.


Business leaders are becoming increasingly explicit regarding the skills, attributes and behaviours expected of graduate entrants. These skills are often developed through a combination of academic studies and work experience. While universities are increasingly providing opportunities for experiential learning, typically a placement year or internship, a growing number of students are undertaking self-initiated part-time work alongside their full-time degree studies. This part-time employment, typically in retail or hospitality, will help develop the skills, attributes and behaviours that employers demand. However, it is important that graduates are able to elucidate their learning to future employers during the graduate recruitment process. The purpose of this viewpoint article is to challenge full-time degree students who are working part-time to record (perhaps through a logbook) and reflect on their work experience so that they will be able to provide concrete examples to reinforce their skills and experience. The article concludes by discussing the role of universities in the process.


The project LeMo (monitoring of learning processes on personalizing and non-personalizing e-Learning environments) aims to develop a prototype of a web based Educational Data Mining application, which shall provide detailed information on user pattern within e-Learning environments and identify needs of enhancement and revision of the learning offer. The poster presents a case study of analysis of learning paths in a non-personalizing eLearning environment. Research data have been obtained on the base of log-files during three arbitrarily chosen days.


Issue ownership theory argues that the perceived competence of a party on a certain issue creates an ownership over that issue. This influences a voter's choice, mostly when the issue is valued by the voter. A segment of issue ownership deals with issue trespassing, the notion that a party still speaks out on a topic when they do not own it. The manner in which a party's candidate speaks out on an issue owned by the opposition, however, has not broadly been researched. This research adds to the existing knowledge of issue trespassing by studying techniques used to speak out on un-owned issues. The research does so by studying three speeches given by Barack Obama given during his 2008 presidential election campaign. A discovery is the manner in which Obama uses his ownership of one issue to create credibility for himself on an un-owned issue.


Abstract Leptin inhibits feeding, reduces body weight and increases thermogenesis. Experimental data suggest involvement of GABAergic mechanisms in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy balance. The present study was set to determine the effect of combinations from leptin, GABAB-agonist baclofen and GABAB-antagonist CGP35348 on thermoregulation of male Wistar rats, using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The substances used for in vivo experiments were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). The measurement of the body temperature was done via thermistor probes (TX8) and monitored on multichannel recorder Iso-Thermex16. In vitro experiments were conducted on rat PO/AH neurons, recorded extracellulary by conventional electrophysiological equipment, using brain slice preparations. The separate intraperitoneal injection of leptin as well as GABAB-antagonist CGP35348 produced significant hyperthermia in rats while the GABAB-agonist baclofen caused a decrease in the core body temperature. The probable synergy between the hyperthermic effects of leptin and GABAB-antagonist did not occur. On the contrary, the effect of this combination was lower as compared to the result of the separate administration of GABAB-antagonist. When leptin was applied just prior to GABAB-agonist baclofen, neither of their separate effects appeared. In vivo effects determined correlated with in vitro changes of firing rate observed in PO/AH neurons. The data from this study provide a new point of view concerning the interactions of leptin and GABA on the level of thermoregulation. These results represent a step forward in understanding the complicated mechanisms involved in thermoregulation.


The case of a Marine in whom a vertex epidural hematoma developed, depressing the superior sagittal sinus as a result of a fracture of the vertex of the skull, is presented. The hematoma was removed, and the patient did well until signs of progressive right hemiparesis suddenly developed two days after the hematoma removal. Serial carotid angiography demonstrated the interval development of spaism of the left internal carotid, anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries, and occlusion of the posterior parietal branch of the left middle cerebral artery. Prior to the development of the arterial spasm an earlier angiogram had shown these vessels to be of normal diameter. This delayed or "spate" spasm and thrombosis of major intracranial vessels is a rare but serious complication of head injuries. In addition to the usual causes of post-traumatic hemiplegias, this vascular spasm or thrombosis should be suspected in patients in whom progressive neurological signs develop after head injuries.


This paper briefly introduces the contents, application effects and future development of power line's economic operation technology, and connecting with actual examples, expounds power line's economic operation mode, economical load dispatching, and optimization of power line's composition, etc., puts forward some new opinions and concepts on power line's economic operation, and points out that power line's economic operation technology is a new energy-saving technology, the application of which has obvious energy-economizing effect and is favorable for the energy-caving and environmental protection.


A system and associated methods for optimizing power consumption in the data center by dynamically adjusting a workload. The data center into the current workload distribution optimal workload solution to provide an acceptable level of service at the lowest power consumption. The sum of the power cost and migration cost corresponds to the optimal workload solution is in the sum of all correspond to the respective candidate workload solution of the lowest. Determining the power cost by the maximum temperature and cooling costs incidental each candidate workload solution of the data center. Determining the cost of migration by the workload distribution performance of the data center from occurring during the current workload distribution into each candidate workload solution decreased.


The goal of any treatment is to improve the way patients feel, function and survive. An analysis involving 781 515 patients with cirrhosis revealed a significant reduction in in-hospital mortality from 9.1% to 5.4% over a period of a decade (2002-2010) when compared to that observed in patients without cirrhosis (2.6%-2.1%) and those with congestive heart failure (2.5%-1.4%).1 Improved outcome was


The utility model discloses a fumigating physiotherapy bed, comprising a bed plate, wherein bed legs are fixed under the bed plate, a fumigating plate is embedded on the bed plate, a plurality of fumigating holes are uniformly distributed in the fumigating plate, a sliding slot is arranged below the fumigating plate and is internally provided with a sliding plate, a handle is arranged on the sliding plate, an opening is arranged below the sliding plate, a bottom plate is arranged below the bed plate, a fixing frame is arranged on the bottom plate, and a fumigating pot is fixed in the fixing frame. The fumigating physiotherapy bed disclosed by the utility model has the beneficial effects that the structure is simple; the fumigating pot is arranged in the fixing frame, after the sliding plate is pulled to be open and the fumigating pot is started, steam emitting from the fumigating pot can fumigate bedridden patients by the opening, the sliding slot and the fumigating holes in the fumigating plate without the support of other people, thus being very convenient; after the fumigating, the fumigating plate is reset, and then the fumigating physiotherapy bed can be used as a common sickbed; and the fumigating pot is convenient to fix as the bottom plate is arranged below the bed plate and the fixing frame is arranged on the bottom plate.


Individually using C_(16)H_(36)O_4,CH_3COOH,HC1,C_9H_(20)O_5Si(KH560),C_9H_(14)O_3Si(Ph-TMS),CH3 OH and deionized water as raw material,NH_3·H_2O as catalyst,anti-photoaging poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)(PBO) fibers were prepared by sol-gel method and multiple sol-gel method,respectively.The particle size analyses were done to verify the successful preparation of two kinds of nano-sol.The chemical composition and the physical properties of the surface of PBO fibers were characterized by EDS,SEM,particle size determination and contact angle test to verify the preparation of anti-photoaging PBO fibers.The anti-photoaging property of PBO fibers were characterized by SEM,tensile strength and contact angle test.Results show that after photoaging for 130 h,the tensile strength retention rate of PBO fibers individually coated by nano-TiO_2 hydrosol-gel method and nano-organo-silicon sol-gel method are just 5%and10%higher than the uncoated PBO fiber,respectively.Whereas after aging for 130 h,the tensile strength retention rate of PBO fiber successively coated by nano-TiO_2 hydrosol-gel method and nano-organo-silicon sol-gel method is 27%higher than the uncoated PBO fiber,and the surface of the fiber is still complete.


Cloud storage is the best & efficient way to handle our data remotely. However, since data owners and u sers are usually outside the trusted domain of cloud service providers the data security and access control is the importa nt f ctor at the time of sensitive data stored in the cloud. Mor eover, now days there are different mechanisms are available f or data sharing & preserving privacy of data owner & user. Key Escrow is the one of the major issue now a day. We can't keep full trust over the key authority center because th y may be misuse there privileges. This is unsuitable for inf ormation sharing situations. In this paper we studied the ex isting technique for sharing the data from data owner to d ata user. Keywords— Data Confidentiality, Key Authority, Attr ibute based schemes, Access Control policy, Data Sharing.


A new impact/contact algorithm is described. It is based on the well known pinball algorithm presented in [1]. The new algorithm was implemented into the NEPTUNE code [2, 3]. To verify/validate the developed algorithm and procedures, several experiments that dealt with contact/impact were modeled and numerical simulations of the transient dynamics were performed. The first simulation was of a thin walled pipe impacting against a rigid steel plate and the second simulation was of a thin walled pipe impacting against a concrete slab [4]. In the third simulation, the transient dynamics of a clamped beam struck transversely by a mass was analyzed [5]. The results of the three analyses show good correlation with available experimental data.


Structure-activity relationship studies on batzelladines A and D were examined. Seven batzelladine derivatives, including 24-epi-batzelladine A (3) and 7-epi-batzelladine D (4), were synthesized. The inhibitory activity of these derivatives on binding of gp120 with CD4 was evaluated by the use of ELISA-based assay method. For the potent biological activities of batzelladines, tricyclic guanidine moiety, a common structure of batzelladine A and D, and side chain bearing guanidine functional group were found to be mandatory.


Part 1 Solidarity: the Durkheimian dilemma rituals and hyper-rituals the ethics of fatalism. Part 2 Declassification: social classification anomic declassification moral innovation the problem of disorder. Part 3 Schism: revolutionary polarization contradiction and anti-system the theory of action material and moral impoverishment revolutionary practice. Part 4 Ideology: indoctrination fetishism hegemony the problem of class action. Appendix: Social integration and system integration.


Consistent use of one method to express the magnitude of experimental effect in studies on retroaction would greatly aid the interpretation of the growing literature on retroaction. In two recent studies (King & Cofer, 1958; King, 1959), the author has utilized a technique which seems to combine clarity with accuracy by expressing the relative amounts of retroaction in percentage terms after statistical significance has been reached by analysis of covariance. The first step of this analysis consists of adjusting the delayed recall means with respect to both the original recall means and the within-groups regression coefficient. Following the symbolism and development presented by Lindquist (1953), the formula for computing the adjusted m'eans (i.e., M'y is the adjusted mean for Group 1) is: 1


Abstract A study of the convergence behavior of the eigenvalue response matrix method (ERMM) for nuclear reactor eigenvalue problems is presented. The eigenvalue response matrix equations are traditionally solved by a two-level iterative scheme in which an inner eigenproblem yields particle balance across node boundaries and an outer fixed-point iteration updates the global k-eigenvalue. Past work has shown the method converges rapidly, but the properties of its convergence have not been studied in detail. To perform a formal assessment of these properties, the one-dimensional, one-group diffusion approximation is used to derive the asymptotic error constant of the fixed-point iteration. Several problems are solved numerically, and the observed convergence behavior is compared to the analytic model based on buckling and nodal dimensions (in mean free paths). The results confirm the method converges quickly, with no degradation in the convergence rate for small nodes, which is an observation that suggests ERMM can be used for large-scale, parallel computations with no penalty from the decomposition of a domain into smaller nodes. In addition, results from multigroup problems show that convergence depends strongly on the heterogeneity and the energy representation of a model. In particular, the convergence for two-group and heterogeneous, one-group models is substantially slower than for the homogeneous, one-group model.


Motivation plays a critical role in engaging students to study mathematics and in improving their mathematics performance. The relationship between motivation and mathematics achievement has been discussed in the literature; however, research gaps exist in terms of empirical testing of the key aspects in the context of mathematics education in Vietnam. Therefore, the aim of this study is to address the research gaps by empirically examining the relationship between mathematics motivation and mathematics achievement among high school graduate students in Vietnam. This study adopted the academic motivation toward mathematics scale (AMTMS) for its questionnaire survey and data collection. Six hundred and eighty responses were received from high school graduate students. The data were subjected to structural equation modelling analysis. The current study generated several key findings. Amotivation has been proven to negatively affect mathematics achievement. However, introjected regulation, identified regulation and intrinsic motivation positively affect mathematics achievement. The findings emerging from the current study provide a strong theoretical foundation for improving mathematics achievement by encouraging teachers to improve motivational conditions in mathematics classes in Vietnam. The study discusses some strategies, such as how to foster mastery orientation and the application of effective technology, to improve mathematics achievement.


Handwriting verification is a technique of distinguishing the same person's handwriting specimen from imitations with any two or more texts using one's handwriting individuality. This paper suggests an effective verification method for the handwritten signature or text on the off-line environment using pattern recognition technology. The core processes of the method which has been researched in this paper are extraction of letter area, extraction of features employing structural characteristics of handwritten text, feature analysis employing DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) algorithm and PCA(Principal Component Analysis). The experimental results show a superior performance of the suggested method.


"But my patients are sicker!" Health Source/CIGNA put a stop to this physician complaint by switching to quarterly physician profiles that are case mix adjusted using clinical algorithms based on ICD-9 diagnosis codes. The new method levels the playing field, and helps to more accurately identify inefficient use of services. A sample physician profile is included in this report.


ABSTRACT Abrasive water-jet machining (AWJM) is a hybrid advanced machining process, which can be economically applied to machine almost any kind of material. It employs a high velocity waterjet to propel abrasive particles through a nozzle on the workpiece surface for material removal. The machining performance of AWJM process naturally depends on its several control (input) parameters, like water pressure, nozzle diameter, jet velocity, abrasive concentration, nozzle tip distance etc., which have also predominant effects on its responses, i.e., material removal rate, surface roughness, overcut, taper etc. In this paper, a new evolutionary algorithm, i.e., grey wolf optimizer (GWO), a technique based on the hunting behavior of grey wolves, is applied for finding out the optimal parametric combinations of AWJM processes. The main advantage of this algorithm is that it does not accumulate towards some local optima, and the presence of a social hierarchy helps it in storing the best possible solutions obtained so far. The derived results using GWO exhibit a significant improvement in the response values as compared to the previous attempts for parametric optimization of AWJM processes while applying other algorithms.


Computer-generated holography (CGH) is an immersive next-generation display technology with exciting prospects for television and cinema. By modulating laser light via a spatial light modulator (SLM), a holographic display can project a three-dimensional (3D) scene into the viewer's eyes. The resulting image is the closest to a real-world scene representation that can be created. When viewed, all physiological as well as psychological depth cues are preserved. This article provides a brief introduction to CGH and proposes a suitable workflow for high-quality hologram (HQH) delivery. CGH offers a potential scene-referred and wide color gamut display system, in such a way that can easily be integrated with existing methods of content production. Also highlighted are some potential future standards for maximum cross-compatibility to ensure that display features such as multiview, semitransparencies, and occlusion can be utilized to their fullest extent.


The EQuity model is a Life Cycle Assessment-based tool aimed at evaluating and improving building products Environmental Quality aspects. Unlike most "classical" LCAs, EQuity is strongly based on users' statements about their perception of environmental quality, as well as their goals and constrains pertaining to a given product study. Two applications of the EQuity model are presented in this paper. They illustrate the benefits of the case-by-case approach. Lessons drawn from these field-studies are detailed, and show that EQ can benefit from being integrated in all building products' life cycle steps.


Between June and July the dollar rose by around 5 per cent against the other major currencies, despite central bank intervention to hold the dollar down. There have been two major factors behind this strength. Firstly, the US trade figures improved in April and May and were considerably better than the market had anticipated. This reflected both some reduction in the volume and value of imports and an increase in the level of exports. Sentiment towards the US dollar has also been affected by the strength of growth in the other major industrial economies.


Let ϕ(z )= g(z )+ f(z), where f(z )= N=1 anz n and g(z )= N n=1 a−nz n are bounded analytic functions. In this paper we give a generalized necessary condition for the hyponormality of the Toeplitz operator Tϕ on the Bergman space. Mathematics Subject Classification: 47B35, 47B20


Agency nonenforcement is an increasingly important aspect of administrative law. Although nonenforcement is often beneficial (or, in any event, inevitable in light of resource restraints), like other forms of administrative discretion, it can be abused. Indeed, nonenforcement raises difficult questions about administrative regularity and fairness.
The Administrative Conference of the United States has commissioned this Report to examine agency nonenforcement of otherwise applicable legal provisions. In particular, this Report's purpose is to investigate waivers and exemptions, as well as the related concept of prosecutorial discretion. The analysis is intended to be both conceptual and empirical, and to be driven by a very practical goal: identifying ways to improve the nonenforcement process. Accordingly, this Report develops a taxonomy of nonenforcement, presents novel empirical data about the nonenforcement practices of a number agencies, and offers recommended best practices.


The article reviews career guidance as a support mechanism for professional education and considers it as a necessary tool to choose the right career. The need of providing advisory service to young people and adolescents regarding professional guidance, identifying strengths and weaknesses, realizing one's interests and inclinations may arise at various stages of life: after the completion of basic level, finishing secondary school, starting a professional career, changing a job, career planning, starting a family, unemployment. In each of these situations young people and adolescents may need help from professional consultants. Within the scope of the article secondary and tertiary level students and parents from Georgia have been surveyed. The questionnaires were designed to identify students' and parents' attitudes towards professional orientation classes, how they evaluate the importance of career guidance at school, which grades they consider most suitable for professional orientation classes. The survey attempts to find out who gives advice to Georgian secondary-level students when making career choices from students' and parents' perspectives. Tertiary level students were also surveyed in an attempt to find out what or who influenced them when choosing careers and to evaluate their satisfaction with their decisions. It also looks at the level of parents' involvement in the implementation of professional guidance at schools. Through the analysis and processing of qualitative questionnaires we summed up the main challenges and problems that hinder making meaningful career choices. The article draws up some conclusions and recommendations important for Georgian environment.


The process of dualization in the pair of ESI-LIE is described in detail. Certain stages of this process are identified. Literary examples and observations from real life are given.


Thromboelastography was performed on 1133 women aged 18-54 studied in an Automated Multitest Laboratory. The thromboelastogram (TEG) measures the rate of clot formation (RK) and its firmness (ma). These parameters are summarized by the Thromboelastographic Index (TI) which i s 1-0 (R + K)/ma. Increased coagulation activity is associated with a s hortened RK or TI and an increased maximum curve amplitude (ma). Analy sis of TEG parameters associated with contraceptive drug use revealed no differences between never and past users but present users had shorter clotting times (RK) and firmer clots (larger ma). For 323 users the R K ma and TI were respectively 23.76 8.78 56.19 and 58.49; for 810 nonusers these figures were respectively 25.55 9.95 53.67 and 67.03 with p less than .001 for each category. Comparison between prod ucts containing ethinyl estradiol (EE) and mestranol (MEST) demonstrated that the MEST-treated group had an increased coagulation activity. This was manifest by a more rapid clotting time (R) but clot firmness was similar. For 263 MEST-treated patients R K ma and TI were 23.52 8.76 56.25 and 57. 92; for 48 EE-treated patients these figures were respectively 25.05 8.92 55.82 and 61.61. Significance levels were less than .01 nonsignificant nonsignificant and less than .05 respectively. No differences based on progestational component or estrogen dose were observed. These results show that increased coagulation activity is produced by oral contraceptives and is more pronounced when the "pill" contains mestranol.(FULL TEXT)


Subject review In current situation of fast transition of world economy to competition in efficiency, European production companies are forced to deal with painful transformation, while passing through often, in last decade impossible, changes of economical conditions. Intensive global contest makes industrial companies to focus more closely to reinforcements of marketing and to quick reactions to increasing requirements and expectations of customer. This article surveys the problems of bridging the technological gaps between small and big companies with the use of simulation technologies for creation of simulation models of concrete production systems, which means giving the CIM technologies access to the environment of small and medium companies in order to improve their competitiveness.


RTejournal - Fachforum fur Rapid Technologien, Vol. 2018, Iss. 1 - With specific additives, the high-performance engineering plastic PPS can be used in the form of powder material for laser sintering. In addition to modification of the material, it is necessary to adapt the laser sintering equipment.


As the modeling of mechatronic product simulation is completed often in manner of centralization, a new distributed collaboration modeling method was given. First analysed the information which are necessary for distributed collaboration modeling, then made use of the distributed object technology to integrate them into distributed simulation model object. The distributed simulation model object not only can be correctly assembled and re-used with its plenty of information, but also can be accessed transparently with its distribution. The distributed collaboration modeling method based on distributed simulation model object can strongly support distributed collaboration modeling of mechatronic product simulation.


To undo Carter's failed energy policies, Dr. Samuelson recommends that Reagan should decontrol natural gas, modify or repeal the windfall profits tax on oil production, repeal the government's planned participation in synthetic fuels development, and impose a gasoline tax of 30 to 50 cents a gallon. What is needed now is a policy that will make the US less dependent, he feels, even if it results in higher prices and higher oil company profits. This will make oil and gas exploration and production more attractive and will cost less than most synthetic fuels, encourage conservation, and stimulate the development of renewable energy sources. Dr. Samuelson also suggests that, by restricting access to public lands, environmentalists help to promote a premature synthetics industry when they should be working with the oil companies. (DCK)


To study the factors associated with successful trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) among women with diabetes and no prior vaginal delivery and compare with TOLAC in nondiabetic women.


In this communication, we report dissociation conditions of methane hydrates in the presence of (0.1 and 0.4) mass fractions of polyethylene glycol-400 aqueous solutions in the temperature ranges of (276.8 to 287.3) K and (276.1 to 285.6) K, respectively. The equilibrium data were measured using an isochoric pressure-search method. It is shown that low concentration of polyethylene glycol 400 in aqueous solution has almost no inhibition effect on the dissociation conditions of methane hydrates, while this effect is not ignorable at high concentrations.


Much effort has been focused on establishing optimal conditions for obtaining in vitro maturation of oocytes from different species with results comparable to those achieved after in vivo development (reviewed by Brackett, 1992). However, even though extraordinary progress has been made, the in vitro technology for oocyte maturation lags far behind that in vivo and improvements are needed to increase the quantity and quality of the embryos produced from these matured oocytes.


Crime is behavior that violates the law and social norms so that people oppose it which can occur due to environmental factors, namely the imitation of criminality and individual economic factors, can be prevented by criminal policies, and can increase in certain situations, one of which is the economic crisis. The mathematical model of the spread of crime is built by considering individual economic factors which are implemented as work and non-work compartments, crime imitation factors which are implemented as the rate of crime affected, and criminal policy factors as an obstacle to crime. Based on the model that has been built, the equilibrium point and its stability, the basic reproduction rate, population dynamics, and conditions that can describe the influence of criminal policy and the economic crisis on the crime rate are determined. The model has one non-endemic equilibrium point and one non-negative endemic equilibrium point which can reach a stable condition. Numerical simulations show that population dynamics using parameter values and initial compartments obtained from various sources are stable towards an endemic equilibrium point, criminal policies can reduce crime rates, and economic crises can increase crime rates.


Bispecific antibodies are capable of binding to two different antigens or to two distinct epitopes on the same antigen, the latter called biparatopic antibodies. Their dual specificity enables completely new therapeutic strategies and applications which were not achievable with the classical monoclonal antibody format. In this work, we constructed and comparatively characterized new antibody-based formats with multiple specificities, based on Dual-Variable-Domain Immunoglobulins, Strand Exchange Engineered Domains, and the IgG-scFv format, for two different innovative applications. The first part of the thesis work was dedicated to the development of novel biparatopic antibodies against granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and the investigation of their efficiency on the monomeric soluble target. The aim of the second part of the thesis was T cell immunomodulation through receptor co-ligation. Bispecific antibodies binding the T cell receptor as well as the inhibitory receptor PD-1 have been generated and characterized in vitro in relevant bioassays.


To study the effect of the growth temperature on the nitrate concentration and nitrate reductase (NR) activity in komatsuna ( Brassica rapa L. var. perviridis ), cv. 'Harumi-komatsuna' and 'Rakuten' plants were hydroponically grown under growth temperatures of 10/5, 15/10, 20/15, 25/20, 30/25, and 35/30 ° C, and a 12-hr photoperiod at a PPFD of 300 μ mol ・ m − 2 ・ s − 1 . Generally, the nitrate concentration in 'Rakuten' plants was higher than that in 'Harumi-komatsuna'. As the growth temperature increased, the nitrate concentration increased and NR activity decreased in both cultivars. A negative correlation between NR activity and the nitrate concentration was observed. Under high temperature conditions, the NR activity decreased, and, therefore, the nitrate concentration in komatsuna plants increased.


A method for detecting a psychological disorder in a person comprises collecting movement and, optionally, other data from the person by a device borne by the person; storing the data in a memory in contact with the device during the collection of data; transferring the stored data to a computer; calculating at least one set of parameter data distinctive of the movement data; feeding the least one set of parameter data to an Artificial Neural Network trained to recognize in the data a feature specific for a psychological disorder or a group of such disorders. Also is disclosed an assembly for carrying out the method.


The second reported case of a puerperal, sloughing fibroid occurred. Expulsion of the tumor on the first postpartum day was spontaneous and uncomplicated.


This paper provides evidence for the explanatory power of the theory of entrepreneurship through analysis of one of the most widely publicized acts of American entrepreneurship: Ford's five dollar day. Economists have debated the proper classification and interpretation of the Ford Motor Company's wage policy extensively. The majority categorize it as an efficiency wage policy, though others argue for rent sharing or the high-wage doctrine. This article argues that Ford acted as an alert, innovative entrepreneur who exercised judgment under uncertainty when he developed the 1914 labor policy and Ford Sociological Department. Viewing the events of 1913 and 1914 at Ford through this lens reveals that Ford's personnel innovations were not merely efficiency wages, rent sharing, or motivated by the high-wage doctrine. Rather, Ford's actions are best understood as those of a profit-seeking entrepreneur.


Though many Chinese textile enterprises have passed the ISO9000 certification,there still exist a number of problems in the implementation and application of the standards in recent years.Combining the IS09000 quality standard system and the 5S management regime in accordance with the specific circumstances of textile enterprises can play to their respective advantages and make up for their deficiencies and thus steadily improve the effect of their quality management.


The research studies the learning strategies used by student of Primagama
playgroup Yogyakarta in mastering English vocabulary. The type of this research is
case study. The subject of this research is a student of Primagama playgroup. The
methods of collecting data are interview and observation.
The result of the research shows that the subject of the research uses three
kinds of learning strategies. They are metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies,
and social-affective strategies. Metacognitive strategies covers advance organizer,
directed attention, selective attention, and delayed production. While cognitive
strategies involve repetition, inferencing, imagery, and resourcing. The last, the
subject uses one type of social-affective strategies. It is question for clarification.
Each of them modifies each other. Totally, she applies nine strategies in learning
English.
Most of learning strategies employed are full consciousness. As a playgroup
student, she likes applying these strategies. In learning English as a foreign language,
she needs full concentration and awareness.


There have been many advances. However, women are still far from achieving real equality with men and, in some cases, they still undergo physical, psychological, verbal, sexual assaults... aggressions that, sometimes, have their origin in the ideas historically and culturally transmitted from generation to generation. Some people believe that domestic violence does not affect the new generations, but the latest research shows us a very different situation: schools are the first stage of gender abuse. Therefore, teachers' work is essential in detecting and treating violence, in improving school life and in training and raising awareness on gender issues. The piece of research contained herein intends to reveal whether teachers are ready for that and whether teacher training takes these issues into account. In this article, we show some of the most relevant results of research on "teacher training for the educational treatment of conflicts on cultural diversity and gender". The results state, in consistence with others previous pieces of research, the fact that there are significant gaps in the training of teachers in gender, gender coexistence, conflict management and violence issues.


Skeletal muscle mass and function tend to decline with increasing age. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a key role in promoting skeletal muscle growth. Exercise improves skeletal muscle mass and function via activating the IGF-1 signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different types of exercise could promote muscle hypertrophy, exercise and metabolic capacities, and activate IGF-1 signaling in early aging mice. 12-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (CON), aerobic exercise group (AE), resistance exercise group (RE), whole-body vibration group (WBV) and electrical stimulation group (ES). Muscle weight, myofiber size, levels of IGF-1 signaling, oxidative stress, protein synthesis and degradation, and apoptosis in gastrocnemius muscle were detected. C2C12 cells were used to explore the mechanism. In this study, we confirmed that four modes of exercise increased skeletal muscle mass, exercise capacity, indicators of metabolism and protein synthesis, and inhibited oxidative stress and apoptosis via activating the IGF-1 pathway. The most effective intervention was RE. We found that WBV promoted muscle hypertrophy better than AE. Furthermore, in vitro experiment, the importance of IGF-1 / IGF-1R-PI3K / Akt signaling for maintaining skeletal muscle mass was further confirmed. AE, RE, WBV and ES increase skeletal muscle mass, exercise capacities, protein synthesis and metabolic enzyme activities, inhibit protein degradation and apoptosis in mice undergoing early aging via activating IGF-1 signaling. Among them, WBV has been shown to be significantly effective and has a similar effect of conventional exercise in promoting muscle hypertrophy.


To provide a game which generates a predetermined game event when the controller is operated in a particular procedure, to provide a game system which is possible to vary based on the occurrence difficulty of the predetermined game event to the player skill . The present invention relates to a game system including one or more controllers. Determining unit 52 determines whether the reference operation data sequence is inputted to the determination period from the controller. Game event generating section 58 generates a predetermined game event in accordance with the determination result by the determining unit 52. Determining unit 52, based on the past determination results for at least one of the one or more controllers, changing the length of the determination period. .Field


Semseddin Sami, a famous journalist and philologist, is recognized as one of the nationalist intellectuals in the modern period of the Ottoman Empire. His activities and ideas are specified by two kinds of national consciousnesses; The one is Albanian identity, the other is Turkish identity.Originally he was an Albanian, born in Frasheri (now the town in Greece) in 1850, and so he was influenced by the Albanian movements for autonomy under the Ottoman rule.He started to develop his ideas of nation (kavim) after the Russo-Turkish war and the Berlin Treaty in 1878. By this treaty, the Albanian people's areas under the Ottoman rule were pressured to be divided by the surrounding Balkan states—Serbia, Montenegro and Greece, thereby he found it necessary to save the weakened Ottoman Empire from the foreign intrusions and then intended to awaken the national consciousnesses among the Ottoman peoples. From this point, we can say that his idea is a sort of Ottomanism.After finishing the high school, he came up to Istanbul and there he continued to undertake the editorial works of various periodicals, including the weekly newspaper Hafta publised in 1881. He gave a great importance to these jounalistic activities in order to enlighten the peoples and then to inform them of the knowledges of the progressive Western civilisation, especially those of modern technology that could save the deceased Ottoman Empire.In Hafta he maintained that each people (ethnic groupes), having their own languages, could become kavim (nation) within the Empire, and could have the political and cultural equality in the Ottoman nationality. He did not give more superiority to the Ottoman Turkish people (language) than to any other peoples (languages) in the Empire. He thought that the cultural development of each kavim by their own written languages would bring political and social stability to the Ottoman Empire. But unfortunately Sami's Ottomanism was not generally accepted by the intellectual elites of that period.


The present invention incorporates a specific type of carbonaceous material, resulting in an effective and selective removal of protein fragments without adversely affecting the yield of the desired protein product, protein purification process which is a new and improved provide.


In this article, we investigate the parameter optimization problem via the variational adjoint data assimilations in the framework of the spectral approximation of a heat model. Precisely, we consider the optimization for the initial condition of the heat equation by means of the discrete adjoint data assimilations. Spectral methods and the classical Crank–Nicolson scheme are applied to deduce the full discrete system for the continuous model, then the variational adjoint data assimilation approach is used to derive the gradient and the corresponding adjoint system. The main contribution of this work consists of: (i) proposing efficient methods to solve the parameter optimization problems based on the discrete observation data. In particular, an optimal choice of step sizes is presented; (ii) comparing different strategies of calculating the gradient of the objective functions with respect to the initial state corresponding to the complete and incomplete assimilations and (iii) investigating the convergence rate of the optimal parameter with respect to the polynomial degree. Our numerical results show that all proposed methods can properly optimize the initial condition, and the so-called spectral convergence rate is obtained. Moreover, it is found that the computational cost can be significantly reduced if the matrix appearing in the gradient calculation is explicitly constructed in the incomplete assimilations.


In fulfilling the community's need to purchase motorized vehicles and because the community does not always have sufficient income to obtain an item, the financial institution can provide convenience in terms of funding specifically for the community. This study examines the form and content of consumer financing agreements at PT Summit Oto Finance Surakarta between finance companies and consumers and the application of the principle of trust in consumer financing agreements at PT Summit Oto Finance Surakarta. This research is descriptive qualitative research and the legal approach method used is normative juridical. The research results that the authors conclude from this research are that the form and content of the agreement are made in writing with the title of the Consumer Financing Agreement at PT Oto Finance Surakarta between the Financing and Consumer Companies. And the application of the principle of trust is carried out before the implementation of the consumer agreement, namely by providing conditions that must be fulfilled to purchase motorized vehicles and at the time of the implementation of the agreement, namely by giving ownership rights to the vehicle as collateral to creditors.

Keywords: principle of trust, motor vehicle, consumer financing agreement.


This study aims to analyze the implementation ofRegional Financial Management Information System (SIPKD)and analyze the factors that hinder the implementationRegional Financial Management Information System (SIPKD) in Regional Financial Management in Padang Panjang City. The type of research that will be used is qualitative research,with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and recording. This study uses the analysis technique Manual Data Analysis Procedure (MDAP) to analyze the interview transcription data that has been obtained in the field. The findings of this study use George C. Edwards III's theory of policy implementation, which can be seen in the implementation of SIPKD for regional financial management that has not been optimal. This is due to not being optimal in socialization, employees who are still not proficient in the use of SIPKD, supporting facilities are not maximized, the network in the operation of SIPKD sometimes has errors and information has not been updated on the website, and the organizational structure is not in accordance with its field in Regional Financial Management in accordance with the recommendations. from the Ministry of Home Affairs


This year's Philadelphia Live Arts Festival featured more than 200 performances (including the popular Festival Fringe) taking over the city's cultural venues and streets. Based on the small sampling of shows I saw, and a perusal of some of the programming that I didn't, it would appear that a subtheme of this year's international offerings was focused on investigating American folkloric images and their contested history refracted through a critical lens. One prime example was Sweet By-and-By produced by the local favorite Pig Iron Theatre Company in conjunction with Sweden's Theatre Sláva. Sweet By-and-By, presented an unabashedly nostalgic look backward with a spirited narrative from the twentieth-century American labor movement. In doing so it made a committed effort to reach across the performer-audience divide to create a present-day sense of shared community and renewed faith in the power of the laboring body and working class perspective. In a political season rife with the polemics of a newly revitalized class conflict in this country, Sweet By-and-By announced a salvo through a backward look to origins.


This paper presents a new method for calculating the distribution ratio of lightning current between each current sharing paths in common grounding system, which is need to allow for the equivalent grounding impedance. The equivalent grounding impedance calculated with the equivalent frequency of lightning current includes the transient characteristics of the grounding electrode considering circuit parameters of R, L, C, G. When the calculated distribution rates are compared with test results, the method using the equivalent grounding impedance is more effective than the method using only the grounding resistance.


Objective: To investigate the relationship of the complications in hospitalized chronic heart failure patients and the drug therapy of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), β-receptor blockers and angiotensin receptor antagonists(ARB). Methods: All patients with chronic heart failure, hospitalized between July 1973 and July 2007 in the second hospital of Tianjin Medical University, were collected from medical record library. The retrospective index included age, gender, etiology, complications, risk factors, electrolytes, heart function and drug therapy of ACEI, β-receptor blockers and ARB. All data were collected by SPSS 13.0. And all data were divided with a decade interval into group A (1973-), group B (1980-), group C (1990-) and group D (2000-2007). Results: There were 6 602 patients in this study including 3 325 male (50.4%) and 3 277 female (49.6%). There were significant differences in patients combined with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, renal inadequacy and anemia between the groups. There were higher application ratios of ACEI, β-receptor blockers and ARB in patients combined with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal inadequacy and anemia than those of control. And in recent years, the application of these drugs increased gradually. Conclusion: To some extent, chronic heart failure patients combined with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, chronic renal insufficiency and anemia were more likely to use ACEI, β-receptor blockers and ARB.


ABSTRACT Mallarmé's "Sonnet en –yx" offers a unique challenge to the translator. Developed through various versions between 1868 and 1887, it is built round an ultra-rich and ultra-rare rhyme-scheme, which remains largely unchanged over twenty years of gestation. The sonnet includes from the start one invented word, "ptyx", to complete the octave's quadruple rhyme scheme. Is it madness to try to reproduce this highly determined pattern in a different language? This paper responds to the question by exploring in the final version of the poem aspects of language that, counter to expectation, enable the creation of formal and semantic equivalence. The translator's strategy is thus to translate the same into the same as well as into the different, to mitigate nonsense through a certain correspondence. In this it follows Mallarmé's own strategy in transforming the first version of the sonnet into the second as a kind of the translatory process.


The imitation of human visual memory, which demands the multifunctional integration of light sensors similar to the eyes, and image memory, similar to the brain. Although humans have already implemented electronic devices with visual memory functions, these devices require a combination of various components and logical circuits. With the advancement of integrated circuits, the miniaturization and high integration of devices are an inevitable trend. Therefore, the combining of visual perception and high-performance information storage capabilities into a single device to achieve visual memory remains a challenging. In this study, inspired by the function of human visual memory, we designed a dual-functional perovskite-based photodetector (PD) and memristor to realize visual perception and memory capacities. As a PD, it realized an ultra-high self-powered responsivity of 276 mAW-1 , a high detectivity of 4.7×1011 Jones (530 nm; light intensities, 2.34 mWcm-2 ), and a high rectification ratio of ∼100 (± 2 V). As a memristor, an ultra-high on/off ratio (∼105 ), an ultra-low power consumption of 3×10-11  W, a low setting voltage (0.15 V), and a long retention time (>7000 s) were realized. Moreover, the dual-functional device has the capacity to perceive and remember light paths and store data with good cyclic stability. Our device exhibits perceptual and cyclic erasable memory functions, which provide new opportunities for mimicking human visual memory in future multifunctional applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


This paper focuses on the Constitutions of twenty-two Latin American and Caribbean countries with a view to deliver a concise descriptive analysis on their foreign policy cycles, by identifying the constitutional distribution of legal competences and assessing alternatives for participation as well as opposition through institutional design. Three specific goals will guide this endeavor: mapping out the distribution of competences among Latin American states' branches through procedural regulation; identifying non-procedural regulation mechanisms; organizing sets of countries by comparing their constitutional designs. The methodology is predominantly qualitative, insofar as instruments of systematic review are extensively employed to generate descriptive analysis. The main results demonstrate a concentration of prerogatives on the Executive branch, mostly on the Presidency, which is occasionally mitigated by the sharing of prerogatives with the Legislative, mainly decisional ones, and with the possibility of popular participation and opposition through popular referendums in some countries.


The relationship between the velocity of polymerization of light-cured resins and the wal1-to-wall contraction in a dentine cavity was studied. The final degree and the velocity of polymerization were determined by measuring the quantity of remaining carbon double bonds by infrared spectroscopy with respect to time. Diallylsulfonamide (DASA) as reducing agent in the experimental monomers increased both the velocity and the final degree of polymerization. Hydroquinone-monomethyl ether (MHQ) as inhibitor in the monomers decreased the velocity although its concentration did not affect the final degree. On the other hand, the wall-to-wall contraction increased with increasing content of DASA and with decreasing content of MHQ. From statistical analysis, it was found that the wa11-to-wall contraction was affected by the velocity of polymerization of composite resins, but was not affected by the final degree.


We propose and numerically demonstrate a method for at least a ten-fold enhancement of the resolution of optical spectrum analyzers. The light to be measured is reflected from a thermally tuned sampled fiber Bragg grating.


This special edition emerged from a day-long conference session held at the Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, Colorado, in March 2005. The special edition, like the conference session, is inspired by collective endeavours to critique dominant conceptualisations of the ubiquitous, normally developing, middle-class, white, child resident in Northern European or English speaking nations of the Global North. Although this process began early in explorations of 'new' geographies of childhood, it is questionable whether this the critique has been as holistic and complete as might be desired. In this editorial we point to some potential ways in which children's geographers can reproduce, rather than transform, dominant representations of childhood before suggesting how such problems might be, at least partially, overcome. We end by illustrating the ways in which the papers in this issue, which individually represent a range of theoretical perspectives and empirical foci, can collectively contribute to this more thorough jettisoning the ubiquitous child and to the retheorising other childhoods in a globalised world A central theoretical achievement of children's geographies and broader social studies of childhood has been to illuminate and critique dominant conceptualisations of childhood and youth. Hegemonic representations cast young people as 'less than' adult, as adults inthe-making; in short as adult becomings rather than social beings (James et al., 1998; Holloway and Valentine, 2000a). Further, hegemonic discourses represent childhood as a natural, essential and ubiquitous category, with people sequentially developing in line with chronological age (Aitken, 2001a). 'New' geographies and social studies of childhood have emphasised that such understandings of childhood, which are naturalised and accepted as 'common sense' within the Global North and globalised institutions (Aitken, 2001b), are powerful social constructions specific to both time and place (Holloway and Valentine, 2000b). This is not to deny the embodied experience of maturing (Prout, 2000; Aitken, 2001a). Rather, it is to emphasise both the heterogeneity of experiences of aging and the diversity of adultist constructions of childhood (Robson, 2004) that serve to exclude and marginalise children in different parts of the world. Geographers and social scientists of children and young people have self-consciously sought to destabilise and transform spatially and temporally contingent constructions of childhood which dominate within the Global North. A central aspect of the universal child that has been challenged within children's geographies is the child as 'less of a Children's Geographies, Vol. 4, No. 2, 135–142, August 2006


The movement problem of the triaxial ellipsoid in ideal and viscous fluid in Stokes approximation is considered. With the help of the Newton potential theory it is shown that the complete solution of this problem may be expressed through a single function of two variables, which, in its turn, can be expressed through two well-known elliptic functions – E(x, y) and F(x, y). The result obtained simplifies the analysis of fluid velocity field when a triaxial ellipsoid is moving in it. The solution of the external boundary problem for the Stokes equations of viscous fluid flow is built. The ellipsoid in incident flow with velocity v experiences the same resistance as a ball of a certain radius. Using this, the triaxial ellipsoid which experiences minimum resistance is found, and its resistance is compared to the one of a sphere.


Many academic scientists reject the very idea of networking for a variety of reasons. Many feel that acquiring and using professional contacts is more appropriate for those in industry or business, but not in academia. Tenured faculty may feel that they have already achieved the peak of their career and no longer need to put forth the effort to get to know new people. Younger scientists may shy away from the idea of proactively approaching peers and senior colleagues because they are introverted or because they don't know how to start. However, the tendency to refrain from networking can limit scientists from reaching their full potential. Scientists with an expanded network of contacts have an edge when it comes to grants, publications, awards, invitations to speak, coveted job offers, and promotions. Whether you are in academia or industry, whether you are naturally introverted or extroverted, or whether you are at an early or late stage of your career, it is important to develop and improve your networking skills. This article outlines an approach for generating and cultivating valuable relationships that turn acquaintances into sponsors for your future career. On many levels, this advice will sound like common sense, and it is. However, the advantage of this approach is that it breaks down a seemingly overwhelming task into practical steps and provides motivation to implement those steps.

Some people think of networking as kissing up to influential people, or building professional relationships for advancing their career. However, this view is too limited because everyone—not just influential people or members of your profession—has the potential to influence your career in a positive or negative manner. Someone who you view as non‐influential now may progress to be in a powerful position later. Students in combined MD/PhD programs come to realize this all too …


Countries are looking beyond their borders for options to satiate a forecasted increase in natural gas consumption. A strong option for importing natural gas is by way of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply chain where natural gas is liquefied, transported in special tankers, and regasified at the destination. Research was conducted to determine a method of evaluating the feasibility of such a project. A computer-based simulation model was created to calculate financial metrics for potential LNG projects based on unique inputs such as annual production, distance, and natural gas market and commodity price. Potentially feasible projects are based on the resulting metrics as well as interpretations of risk, and a source's ability to meet a consuming market's demand requirements. Financially, the most attractive projects were the short haul routes to countries with high market prices. However, due to risk and supply inadequacy, it was determined that markets with the most growth to satisfy were best supplied by countries with the most adequate resources. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Henry S. Marcus Title: Professor of Marine Systems


Background. Insufficient back muscle tone of 6–7-year-old children does not guarantee stable spin curves. The preschool children's posture is an important society problem that raises the scientists interest (Okely, Trost, Steele, Cliff, & Mickle, 2009), when posture is formed during the pre-school period and taking into account fine motor skills peculiarities, it is possible to ensure the optimal movement function (Rodger & Vishram, 2010). The purpose of this study was to identify the need for animated play programs and risk factors for the development of about 4–7-year-old children's abnormal posture.

Methods. We analysed annual preventive health collaborating with public health professionals and pre-school medical personnel. Two social surveys were conducted using an anonymous online questionnaire for respondents. The first survey included questions to parents/caregivers (interpersonal level) in order to establish the psychomotor development of children up to one year of age and possible causes of abnormal posture formation. The second survey had questions to the kindergarten educators and administration (organizational level) in order to find out the need for animated play programs in the educational process. The survey questions were based on the child's motor development principles. Research participants were 311 parents/caregivers and 117 kindergarten educators. Anonymous online surveys were conducted between October and December of 2018.

Results. According to the analysis of annual preventive health indicators, less than half of the pre-school age children were healthy in Kaunas city and with the age the number of healthy children decreased. Analysis of preventive health checks in pre-school children showed that skeletal muscle disorders were most common in children aged 4 to 6 years. Parents/caregivers, kindergarten educators and the administration indicated that physical activity had a positive effect on the child's posture in the educational institution, but parents/caregivers had doubts that kindergarten had a favourable environment for the child's posture correction.

Conclusion. As a result, most kindergarten educators and administrators as well as parents/caregivers believed that animated play programs in kindergarten would help to improve posture.


Abstract Some aspects are analyzed of the theory of the conductivity of dilute colloidal suspensions in alternating electric fields, proposed by DeLacey and White (J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2 77, 2007 (1981)), and, by using the Kramers-Kronig relations, the contributions to the total conductivity increment predicted by the model are calculated separately. Our results indicate that there is no frequency dependence of that part of the conductivity not associated to dielectric loss. Cole-Cole plots of the complex dielectric increment of the suspensions suggest that, if a Debyelike behavior is admitted (no interaction between dipoles), the suspensions must have a distribution of relaxation times, even though they are formed by monodisperse particles. The same conclusion seems to be suggested by the computations carried out for the dielectric response function of the suspensions studied.


Abstract School ground greening has many acknowledged benefits for play, learning and health, but less is known about the outcomes of such projects from children's perspectives. This study aims to investigate the process, and children's participation, at two Swedish schools over four years of planning, planting, management and maintenance, using short interviews and observations. There was a large general interest among the children to participate in the development and maintenance of their school grounds, but different participatory and pedagogical approaches were used. The participation of children in the planning stage appears to be of specific importance for the functionality of school grounds, while long-term participation in management and maintenance can affect children's experiences from, and perspectives on, greening areas and projects positively over time. The results point to the large impact that greening projects with continuity in participation can have on children's activity and meaning-making.


There have been considerable growth in awareness of Geographic Information System (GIS) in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region, and there are initiatives underway for developing regional Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs). Such infrastructures are being advocated to fulfill the gaps in data standards, data sharing protocols and software platform so that resources can be saved from duplications and societies can benefit from easy access to data. These initiatives include sharing of data such as basic geographic map, socio-economic data, environmental or disaster related data etc. These activities advance scientific discovery and help decision makers to tackle problems caused by global climate change, promote regional sustainable development and better the lives of people living in this region. However, harmonizing data at various levels and across different disciplines is challenging as these data platforms are usually heterogeneous and lack inter-connection. Activities of cross-border data sharing is not well implemented, its sharing practice requires unique technical standards and specific software platforms. China has growing interests to participate in data sharing activities in HKH region, an initiative was set up to conduct pilot researches to promote HKH region data sharing. One of the components of this initiative is to build a HKH region data sharing network (platform) in close collaboration with International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) and other related agencies in the region. This paper mainly focuses on the technical aspect, study on the technical standards and software platform selection in the process of building the network. It reviews relating data sharing network across the world and in HKH region. The study believes that the emergence and maturity of open source software and service models reduced the difficulty in constructing platform for data sharing. Open source software is open, flexible, and low cost and supports a number of technical standards; it provides tools and methods for jointly building cross-border and inter-agency data sharing network. Therefore, in terms of technical standards and platform architecture, GeoNetwork Open source is applicable for data sharing in HKH region. This paper discusses the framework, technologies, core function of the network, and then reviews key points in platform customizing and developing based on GeoNetwork. The work provides a common framework for regional data sharing and exchange.


Objective To discuss the ST-segment depression on acute myocardial infarction patient.Methods All 28 cases of AMI patient includes ST-segment nromal 7 cases,depression 18 cases,elevation 3 cases.And all patients made ECG test and record the ST-sement change value.Results The infarct range,diseased vessels number,diseased degree of anterior descending artery has no relationship with anterior ST-segment change(P=0.7322,0.8932,0.2632).And vessel stenosis degree has relationship with ST-segment change(P=0.0121).Conclusion Vessel stenosis degree has highly relationship with ST-segment change of AMI patients.


Most social policy texts make only marginal, if any, reference to racism in the welfare state, or the experiences and struggles of Black people. Welf are theory likewise has failed to take account of major theoretical work on 'race' and class. Full acknowledgement of these issues is not only essential to any pro gressive welfare strategy but also poses major challenges to existing welfare thinking. These challenges are explored here and a tentative framework of analysis is offered for understanding the historical and contemporary relationship between "race', racism and the welfare state.


Mary of Alania, though Georgian born, was the centre of a circle of literati in Constantinople during the early years of the reign of Alexios I. The court of her fi rst husband, Michael VII Doukas, had seen the revival of an interest in philosophy and natural science, with renewed study of both Plato and Aristotle and works composed for the emperor and court on philosophical and scientifi c topics by scholars such as Psellos, John Italos and Symeon Seth. Following this interest in natural science, including meteorology, in the 1070s, Mary continued such studies at her own court at the Mangana Palace, where she commissioned works not only on theology from Theophylact, but on natural science from Eustratios of Nicaea, who may have succeeded Theophylact as tutor to her son Constantine Doukas. Eustratios' piece, in fact, appears to be one of a series on meteorological topics composed for the empress. This paper argues that, as the betrothed of Constantine Doukas, Anna Komnene gained her interest in intellectual pursuits from Mary, with whom she lived for several years as a girl, and that Mary's interests played a part in shaping Anna's, even though Anna concentrated primarily on literature and philosophy, rather than the theology and natural science which is known to have interested Mary. Anna was to play a key role in the revival of Aristotelian scholarship, as patron of a circle of scholars working on commentaries on Aristotle, Plato, Euclid and Ptolemy, a circle which included Eustratios, and her dedication to scholarship may have arisen from her upbringing in the household of an imperial woman who was genuinely interested in intellectual pursuits. Apart from her taste for learning, Anna's attitude towards power may also have been infl uenced by the involvement of Mary in the plot of Nikephoros Diogenes against Alexios, with the hope of reinstating Constantine to the place in the imperial succession which he had lost after the birth of Anna's brother John. In her laments over her fi ance Anna may have been regretting the failure of this conspiracy, as much as she did her loss of status after the death of her father and accession of her brother. She never forgot that she had been betrothed to an emperor-designate and Tornikes' Funeral Oration consoles her for the death of Constantine, to whom she had been betrothed some 60 years earlier, and her loss of imperial rank as a deliberate act of Divine Providence which allowed her to devote herself instead to scholarship, which had in the interim become so important a part of her self-identity.


Editorial Blind He et al's report 1 from a multinational population-based cohort underscores the fact that near vision impairment from presbyopia has its onset and peak during the heart of the working years. The importance of this for poverty-alleviation strategies has been highlighted by the PROSPER trial, 2 in which provision of near vision correction to Indian tea-pickers was shown to have a larger effect on work productivity than previously reported for any other health intervention in a lower-middle income country (LMIC) setting. The on-going PROSPER II and III trials (NCT04629820 and NCT04654013) are now designed to extend the evidence base from agriculture into other work settings such as garment manufacture, and to asses the impact of presbyopia correction on workplace retention in the elderly. This latter is of particular importance due to declining workforce participation seen in the fifth decade of life and beyond in many LMICs, as shown in Key Indicators of the Labour Market data from the Internaional Labour Organization.


F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is now commonly used for metabolic imaging in nuclear medicine. In nuclear cardiology, its use has been limited primarily to the assessment of myocardial viability with positron emission tomography (PET), although its potential utility is expanding on the basis of new applications and instrumentation. In particular, recent data may stimulate a renewed interest in the use of FDG as a marker of myocardial ischemia. FDG is a glucose analog that is transported into the myocardium, phosphorylated, and trapped within the cytoplasm, thus indirectly reflecting regional glucose utilization. As such, it has the potential to track specific aspects of cardiac metabolism and therefore may be a useful marker of ischemia. In this issue of the Journal, Araujo et al report increases in regional FDG uptake colocalized in myocardial segments with dipyridamole-induced perfusion defects in patients with coronary artery disease and chronic stable angina. This increase in FDG uptake was consistent in all subjects, irrespective of symptomatic or electrocardiographic signs of ischemia during the dipyridamole infusion. This study highlights the potential utility of FDG as a sensitive noninvasive marker of ischemia and also raises interesting questions regarding the incidence and pathophysiology of ischemia during vasodilator stress in patients with coronary artery disease.


Abstract In many applications of magnetic resonance imaging large linewidths means that to achieve useful resolution in the image large magnetic field gradients should be employed. This paper outlines the principles of stray field imaging that utilises the large gradients intrinsic to the fringe field of superconducting solenoidal magnets. Examples of images from strongly broadened everyday objects are given.


After 20years' development,self -t eaching in China has achieved great s uccess,which rapidly leads the theo ry of lifelong education to practice.It has become an education form that give s fullest expressions to the concept ion and the features of lifelong education.It will play an irreplaceable part in higher education,espec ially in the building of lifelong edu cation system.


The 5S methodology is a philosophy of continue improvement that maximizes efficiency in the workplace, obtaining benefits from lower costs of production, higher quality, more security at the plant, greater flexibility to diversify products, etc. The overall objective of this work is to solve the problems caused by the disruption, disorder and lack of cleanliness in one area of a company using this methodology. The specific objectives are: more space for the circulation of materials, reduce the search time of coloring, more efficiently manage the information needed for production, and provide a tool to assess the conditions of organization, order and cleanliness to take corrective actions as they begin to decline. The methodology of implementation begins with determining the flow of the process. Subsequently collected to ascertain the level 5S initial indicators are established and measured, will map the value chain, and the diagram is plotted route. Then apply the components of the 5S and again collected the above information to determine the final status and by comparison to the improvements noted.


1Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 2School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1 3Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, SK, Canada S9H 3X2 4College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China 5Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA


Since the early 1980s the concept of New Public Management (NPM) has had a considerable impact on both theoretical debate and practical management in the public sector. Within this debate issues of efficiency and productivity are critical when discussing the performance of publicly funded organizations. The concept of NPM is also relevant to the issues surrounding privatization and deregulation. New Zealand has been in the vanguard of these changes from the early 1980s and this contribution investigates how changes in government funding mechanisms have affected the organizational structure, culture and human resource management strategies and practices of one Crown research institute in New Zealand. The case study shows how difficult it is not only to change a public sector organization to one that is more 'market-focused', but also how this is compounded in a research and development institute.


A bilingual dictionary or word list is an important resource for many purposes, among them, machine translation. For many language pairs these are either non-existent, or very often unavailable owing to licensing restrictions. We describe a simple, fast and computationally inexpensive method for extracting bilingual dictionary entries from Wikipedia (using the interwiki link system) and assess the performance of this method with respect to four language pairs. Precision was found to be in the 69–92% region, but open to


The concept of lasting movement is one of characteristic in TCM theory,which have important effects on constracting TCM theory.TCM very emphasize to grasp the course of disease and pathologic change with the concept of lasting movement in clinical diagnosis.The author explain the means of concept of lasting movement for directing TCM technique of diagnosis.


Mechanics-electricity correlated characteristic curves of resistance sensor were measured,and calibration equation of mass-voltage was obtained by adopting balance principle of Wheatstone Bridge based on resistance strain effects.The function of electronic balance was realized and several articles were measured in the linear region of sensor based on calibration equation.Meanwhile,data were processed by using the method of data-based graph and linear regression in Excel.


A review is presented of more general kinds of stellar oscillations than the purely radial, spherically symmetric type. Some general remarks are made on the nature and classification of nonradial oscillations of stars, and the nonradial oscillations of spherical stars without rotation, magnetic fields, or other perturbations are considered. Some effects of certain perturbations on nonradial stellar oscillations are briefly discussed, and some applications of nonradial-oscillation theory to certain kinds of real stars are surveyed. 1 fig., 4 tables, 175 refs. (GHT)


1-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene (3-CNB) is an aromatic halo-amine compound used as chemical intermediate for the production of several fine chemicals like pharmaceuticals, dyes, agricultural chemicals, etc. The stable isotope ratio analysis has drawn attention in numerous fields such as agricultural, food authenticity, biochemistry, etc. The objective of the current research was to investigate the impact of the biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, PM+2/PM and PM+3/PM in 3-CNB using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sample, 3-CNB was divided into two parts - one part was denoted as control and another part was referred as biofield energy treated sample that was treated with biofield energy (The Trivedi Effect®). T1, T2, T3, and T4 were represented to different time interval analysis of the biofield treated 3-CNB. The GC-MS spectra of the both control and biofield treated 3-CNB indicated the presence of molecular ion peak [M+] at m/z 157 (calculated 156.99 for C6H4ClNO2) along with same pattern of fragmentation. The relative intensities of the parent molecule and other fragmented ions of the biofield treated 3-CNB were improved as compared to the control 3-CNB. The percentage change of the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM was significantly increased in the biofield treated 3-CNB at T1, T2 and T3 by 11.62, 18.50, and 29.82%, respectively with respect to the control 3-CNB. Accordingly, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM in the biofield treated 3-CNB at T2 and T3 was significantly improved by 15.22 and 35.09%, respectively as compared to the control sample. The isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in the biofield treated 3-CNB at T1 and T4 were changed as compared to the control sample. The percentage change of the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+3/PM was enhanced in the biofield treated 3-CNB at T1, T2, T3, and T4 by 4.67, 18.69, 31.31 and 6.08%, respectively as compared to the control 3-CNB. The isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM, PM+2/PM and PM+3/PM in the biofield treated 3-CNB changed with the time. So, the biofield energy treated 3-CNB might exhibit the altered isotope effects such as altered physicochemical and thermal properties, binding energy, and the rate of the chemical reaction as compared to the control sample. The biofield energy treated 3-CNB might assist in designing for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, dyes, corrosion inhibitors and other several useful industrial chemicals.


Based on the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data of Hadley Centre and NCEP/NCAR atmospheric reanalysis, the interactions between the SST anomalies in Tropical Pacific and Tropical Atlantic are studied. The Pacific ENSO can give rise to Atlantic Nino Mode (ANM) or Atlantic Meridional Dipole Mode. This depends on whether ENSO influences the Atlantic through the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction between both oceans or through the response of mid-latitude atmospheric circulation anomalies by Pacific-North America teleconnection mechanism. The warm (cold) ANM should lead to the cooling (warming) in the central and eastern Equatorial Pacific through two possible ways: The warm (cold) ANM should induce the Indian Ocean warming (cooling), which triggers easterly (westerly) wind anomalies in tropical Pacific and then the development of La Nina (El Nino) through ocean-atmosphere interaction positive feedback mechanism. In addition the warm (cold) ANM should directly strengthen (weaken) the Walker Circulation in Pacific and decrease (increase) SST anomalies in eastern Equatorial Pacific.


Antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria poses an increasing threat. To control it, we need a concerted effort from clinicians, patients, farmers, pharmaceutical companies, and public health officials.


It is shown, that hot electrons generated in a semiconductor can transfer their excess free energy into an embedded/adjacent plasmonic metallic structure (reservoir), before it is lost irreversibly to phonons in the semiconductor. Since the plasmon–phonon (and plasmon–photon) scattering in the metallic structure could be much slower than the electron–phonon scattering in the semiconductor, free energy of the hot electrons can be this way effectively protected from phonon emission for a significant amount of time. While the cubic point‐dipole crystal is proposed and studied here specifically as the plasmonic reservoir, other plasmonic structures including planar can be employed. It is also shown how the plasmon‐protected energy can by recycled in a novel, 3rd generation solar cell, be employing a planar plasmonic structure that is simultaneously also an electron collector of the cell. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


We have been looking at the potentials for integrating Xerox's GAIA system into the INFObus architecture. Ramana suggested we look at Xerox/Novell's Document Enhanced Networking (DEN) specification which incorporates some of the GAIA ideas in a product. I went through the spec, and had some realizations about what we are trying to do with the INFObus that I thought would be generally useful. The latter part of this message is a proposal for our own architecture.


I characterize cosyndication relationships between lead banks and syndicate participants and identify their effects on borrowing capacity during the recent financial crisis. Cosyndication relationships are persistent and reduce bank-bank information asymmetries as measured by retained share. Consistent with the moral hazard in monitoring problem between lead and participant banks, I find that the effect of financial shocks to lead banks is concentrated among borrowers whose lead banks relied more heavily on cosyndication relationships to fund their loans. This result suggests that cosyndication relationships amplify credit market disruptions, providing microfoundations for the connection between interbank linkages and systemic risk.


Dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) dates back 20 years and was paramount to the adoption of stents. In 1998, the Stent Anticoagulation Restenosis Study established that the combination of aspirin and a thienopyridine for 4 weeks resulted in a significantly lower rate of bare-metal stent thrombosis than aspirin alone or combined with warfarin (1). One month of DAPT was established as the treatment duration for PCI. In 2001, 3 to 12 months of DAPT was shown to reduce atherothrombotic events but increase major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndromes (2). An onslaught of studies of optimal DAPT duration followed recognition of late and very late stent thrombosis in first-generation drug-eluting stents. In December 2006, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that, despite the unknown optimal duration, patients without high risk for bleeding should continue DAPT for 12 months (3). More than a decade later, and with 32000 patients having participated in randomized controlled trials of DAPT duration, what have we learned? Randomized controlled trials consistently show lower rates of stent thrombosis and myocardial infarction with prolonged DAPT at the expense of increased bleeding. In a Bayesian network meta-analysis, shorter DAPT (6 months) was associated with an 18% lower risk for all-cause death than prolonged DAPT (1 year) (4). In another meta-analysis, the effect of shorter therapy on stent thrombosis was dependent on stent type, with a nearly 4-fold higher risk with first-generation drug-eluting stents and a nonsignificant 0.5-fold increase with second-generation drug-eluting stents (5). The individual risk for ischemic and bleeding events after PCI is highly variable and depends on patient and procedural factors, but many factors are not discriminatory. Patients with the greatest potential for benefit with DAPT may also have the greatest risk for harm. Optimal duration of therapy may be tailored according to individual ischemia and bleeding risks. The DAPT score was derived from the DAPT Study, which randomly assigned 11648 PCI patients who were event-free at 12 months to an additional 18 months of DAPT versus placebo. The score is calculated as an integer ranging from 2 to 10. In the derivation and validation cohorts, a score of 2 or higher showed moderate ability to predict a net benefit of extending therapy beyond 1 year (6). Piccolo and colleagues evaluated the DAPT score in PRODIGY (Prolonging Dual-Antiplatelet Treatment After Grading Stent-Induced Intimal Hyperplasia Study), which randomly assigned unselected PCI patients to 1 of 4 stent types and a DAPT duration of 6 versus 24 months (7). Because patients in PRODIGY were randomly assigned after a 30-day event-free period, those who experienced an outcome of interest or were lost to follow-up before 6 months were censored from the DAPT score analysis. There were few exclusion criteria, and end point adjudication was blinded. In the overall population, patients with a score of at least 2 had a significantly reduced risk for the primary efficacy end point (death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and stent thrombosis with 24 versus 6 months of DAPT. However, the reduced risk for the primary end point with prolonged therapy was isolated to patients with paclitaxel-eluting stents. These findings are congruent with those in 4703 patients receiving everolimus-eluting stents in the DAPT Study and a meta-analysis of short (<12 months) versus prolonged (12 months) DAPT in patients with second-generation drug-eluting stents (6, 8). A score less than 2 predicted a significantly increased risk for bleeding with prolonged versus short DAPT. A sensitivity analysis of events starting at 1 month after PCI suggested that earlier application of the score reduces risk differences in ischemic outcomes. One reason the current study did not observe the same utility of the score is that it was calculated at 6 rather than 12 months. The inclusion of early events, however, did not negate the ability of a low score to identify persons at risk for bleeding with prolonged DAPT. Piccolo and colleagues' study suggests that the DAPT score can be used to identify patients who should be treated with short term DAPT, but it is not useful for determining which patients treated with current-generation drug-eluting stents derive a net benefit from extending therapy beyond 1 year. Even if the net clinical benefit is neutral, there are costs associated with prolonged DAPT. Different score cutoffs should be examined in patients with current-generation drug-eluting stents. Two other DAPT duration scores have been developed but have not been directly compared with the DAPT score. The PARIS (Patterns of Non-Adherence to Anti-Platelet Regimen in Stented Patients) score uses different integer values to assess ischemic and bleeding risk as low, intermediate, or high (9). The PRECISE-DAPT (PREdicting bleeding Complications In patients undergoing Stent implantation and subsEquent Dual Anti Platelet Therapy) score is a 5-item score calculated at the time of PCI with a dichotomous cutoff for bleeding risk to identify patients for short DAPT, but it does not help identify who benefits from therapy beyond 1 year (10). In the absence of more sophisticated risk assessment tools, it seems reasonable to use the PRECISE-DAPT calculator (http://precisedaptscore.com/predapt) at the time of PCI to identify patients with high risk for bleeding to target for 3 to 6 months of DAPT. Unfortunately, a Web or app-based calculator for the PARIS score is unavailable. The DAPT Risk Score (http://tools.acc.org/DAPTriskapp) can be applied in patients who remain event-free at 6 to 12 months to identify those to consider for longer therapy. Although risk scores can assist with decision making, clinical judgment remains essential. There may be PCI patients with current-generation drug-eluting stents for whom DAPT duration as short as 1 month or as long as a lifetime is reasonable. Although current DAPT scores include clinical and in some cases procedural variables, there are genetic determinates of responsiveness to antiplatelet therapy and risk for spontaneous coronary events. The future may bring point-of-care genetic tests or imaging methods that better identify patients who are vulnerable to recurrent ischemic events. Patient preferences also matter. We should strive to practice shared decision making that factors in evidence and patient values.