In this paper a sheath near the wall whose surface is "rough," containing random bumps with a height comparable to the distance between them is considered. The magnetic field is assumed to form a shallow angle with the wall (as in a tokamak divertor) and the scale of nonuniformities is assumed greater than the ion gyroradius. The following new effects caused by surface roughness are identified: (1) The fraction of the surface "wetted" by the plasma becomes much smaller than for a flat wall. (2) The ion subsheath is broadened and the diamagnetic current in it acquires a complex three-dimensional structure. (3) Cross-field nonuniformities of the plasma potential appear in the bulk plasma.


In this paper, we show a method that significantly improved our previous work in single-channel dereverberation. The proposed method is more robust to changes in speaker position in distant talking ASR. First, we update the room transfer function (RTF) and weighting parameters for dereverberation to the target speaker position. This scheme corrects speech power variation as a function of position in the waveform level. Consequently, its impact to the acoustic model is verified. Then, we implement a fast acoustic model update reflective of the speech power level of the target speaker position. Furthermore, the scheme in updating the model is simple and precludes time-consuming model re-estimation. As a result, the proposed method can be executed online. The synergy of these corrective measures significantly minimizes the mismatch between training and testing conditions. We test our method using real reverberant data with different locations inside the room. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods in terms of ASR performance. Moreover, our fast acoustic model update scheme is at par in terms of recognition performance against time-consuming model re-estimation.


A 72-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and a surgical history of cholecystectomy and aortic valve replacement for aortic valve stenosis, was admitted to her neighborhood hospital with fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Because her symptoms did not improve despite the administration of antibiotics, she was transferred to Yamaguchi University Hospital, on January 17, 2003. Upon admission, her serum bilirubin was elevated, at 6.4mg/dl. Hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen, HBs antibody, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody were negative. Contrastenhanced computed tomography revealed a round mass, (measuring 25 mm in diameter) in the bile duct, but no tumor was detected in the liver. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed a 27 mm ¥ 21-mm round defect in the superior bile duct (Fig. 1). These findings led to the diagnosis of bile duct tumor, and the patient underwent surgery on February 21, 2003. Intraoperative examination showed that the liver edge was slightly dull and that the liver was dark green, under the influence of obstructive jaundice; however, no tumor was detected in the liver. The bile duct tumor had not invaded to the serosa. There was no lymph node swelling in the hepatoduodenal ligament. The extrahepatic bile duct, the tumor, and regional lymph nodes were resected, and the biliary tract was reconstructed by the Roux-en-Y method. Examination of the resected specimen revealed a round tumor, measuring 25 mm ¥ 22mm and connected to the surface of the bile duct mucosa by a stalk. The surface of the bile duct mucosa was smooth (Fig. 2a). Histopathologic examination of the tumor revealed cancer cells proliferating sinusoidally. The cells were almost circular, with abundant cytoplasm that was eosinophilic and showed a fine granular appearance (Fig. 2b). These characteristics supported a diagnosis of welldifferentiated HCC. There was no evidence that cancer Abstract We report a case of ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma arising in the bile duct. A 72-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital with fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Contrastenhanced computed tomography revealed a round mass, measuring 25mm in diameter, in the bile duct. The mass was causing obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed a 27mm ¥ 21-mm round defect in the superior bile duct. These findings led to a diagnosis of bile duct tumor, and the patient underwent extrahepatic bile duct resection and biliary reconstruction. Gross examination of the tumor showed a fibrous capsule and a stalk arising from the bile duct mucosa. The tumor was diagnosed histopathologically as well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma arising in the bile duct.


Author Institution: Centre for Molecular Beams and Laser Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo; Department of Chemistry, St. Francis Xavier University


In recent years, the concept of lesion sterilization and tissue repair therapy (LSTR) has been developed. This employs the use of a combination of antibacterial drugs (Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin and Minocycline i.e. Triple antibiotic mix) as an intracanal medicament. This combination has been used for non surgical treatment and healing of large periradicular lesions.This article reports two cases, on the usage of triple antibiotic paste to treat non healing periapical sinus, diagnosed as a refractory apical periodontitis.


This document contains standard plans for general road work, bridges roadside and overhead signs, and, signals, lighting and electrical systems. This is the fourth edition of the Standard Plans and is based on metric values using the International System of Units (SI).


OBJECTIVE
To report successful surgical repair of a grade IV lateral patellar luxation in a 437-kg heifer.

STUDY DESIGN
Case report.

ANIMAL
Seventeen-month-old Holstein heifer (437 kg).

METHODS
Diagnosis of traumatic lateral patellar luxation was made based on physical examination, and confirmed on radiographs. Arthroscopic examination of the stifle assessed joint changes. Lateral patellar luxation was surgically repaired using lateral release of the patella and medial imbrication of the joint capsule.

RESULTS
The heifer presented nonweight-bearing lameness of the left hind limb (5/5 lameness score). Unilateral grade IV lateral patellar luxation was diagnosed based on physical examination and radiography. Arthroscopic examination of the stifle showed synovitis and cartilage eburnation of the medial articular surface of the patella and of the lateral trochlear ridge of the femur. Lateral release of the patella and medial imbrication of the joint capsule was performed. The heifer remained lame (4.5/5 lameness score) and developed severe disuse muscle atrophy after surgery. By day 112, the heifer was walking easily and was completely weight bearing on the left hindlimb but did have a gait alteration (2/5 lameness score). On day 229, the heifer calved for the first time and lameness was no longer evident.

CONCLUSION
This report documents successful surgical treatment of traumatic lateral patellar luxation in a large heifer but additional case evaluation is required to provide an accurate prognosis for this condition and treatment in large cattle.


This paper used FEM to nonlinear analysis the isolating earthshock structure at No.12 plot office building in Sanlihe three district,by establishing spatial model of total system of substructure,surrounding soil body,the isolating earthshock floor and superstructure.With analyzing the system responding to imitating earthshock vibration,the paper compared interlaminar shear and ratio of shear force of isolating earthshock structure with usual structure, and checked the level displacement of nappe rubber brace,in order to proof validity of the technology for isolating earthshock.


The paper presents a modeling study using a whole atmosphere CCM to evaluate how sensitive is the stratospheric loading of chlorinated very short-lived species (Cl-VSLS), including both Source Gas Injection (SGI) and Product Gas Injection (PGI), to different model configurations for the dynamical transport (i.e., considering free-running and nudged setups). The analysis focused on the CL-VSLS evolution during the 2000-2019 period, where they found an overall SGI enhancement from 40 ppt to 80 ppt for the free-running simulation, and up to 10-20 ppt additional Cl-VSL when the model was nudged to ERA-Interim or ERA-5 reanalysis. The larger SGI for the nudged configurations resulted in an overall smaller SGI + PGI due to the faster transport. To evaluate the total inorganic chlorine evolution in the stratosphere, they present a comparison of HCl and COCl 2 trends in the stratosphere and upper troposphere with satellite observations (ACE-FTS). They show that regardless of the transport configuration, the inclusion of Cl-VSLS improves the model performance, although the hemispheric asymmetry observed in the lower stratosphere is only captured with the nudged simulations. The work is very well planed and provides a realistic and clear evaluation of the magnitude of the Cl-VSLS contribution to the total inorganic chlorine loading in the lower stratosphere. The methodology and results are generally well presented, although some clarification is required as described below. I suggest the paper is accepted for publication after the following issues have been solved:


Vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are altered in the presence of a strong gravitational background, with important physical consequences. We argue that a nontrivial spacetime geometry can act as an optically active medium for quantum electromagnetic radiation, in such a way that the state of polarization of radiation changes in time, even in the absence of electromagnetic sources. This is a quantum effect, and is a consequence of an anomaly related to the classical invariance under electric-magnetic duality rotations in Maxwell theory.


ABSTRACT The conversion of two-phase esterification was performed with the employment of two approaches whereby in the first approach, pseudo-homogeneous phase was assumed and deviation from the experimental data was noticeably observed; and to overcome the drawback, in the second approach, vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) was accounted for using ASPEN PLUS and the reaction was allowed to occur in small-time steps using the fatty acid catalyzed kinetics model prior to subsequent VLE calculation. It is assumed in the second approach that transfer between the phases would be faster than the reaction in the separate phases. The outcomes of the second approach show good agreement between the calculated conversion and experimental esterification data in the presence of two phases.


In the growing era of communication there is a need for frequency reconfigurable antenna which helps in deduction of antenna dimensions by considering the higher permittivity of the substrate. The need for frequency reconfigurable antenna is that, it able to change its frequency dynamically by the use of switching mechanism. The proposed antenna is fabricated using FR4 substrate having a thickness of 1.6mm. By configuring the P-I-N diode, two operating frequencies are obtained. This design can be switch between two operating frequencies 14.9GHz, bandwidth (800MHz) and 25.5GHz, bandwidth (1400MHz) in the case of diode ON and OFF conditions. The performance of the antenna is analysed at higher frequencies especially Ku and K bands due to the impact of PIN diode with two switch configuration is analysed. The proposed antenna is good for Ku and K band applications. Ku band is reserved for high power satellites intend for delivery of digital signal and mostly applicable for Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS). K band is applicable for satellite communication and weather report. The antenna is simulated using ANSYS HFSS software.


This electroacoustic transducer has a structure of the so-called "Tonpilz" general type, i.e., comprising a radiating horn, a rear mass and a motor formed by at least one piezoelectric element interposed between said horn and said rear mass, and electrically excited so as to produce a vibration transmitted to the horn. Said piezoelectric element is submitted to an electric field with a direction perpendicular to the main direction of polarization of said piezoelectric material so as to stress the latter in the shear mode. Said horn and rear mass are terminated one in the form of a foot and the other in the form of a U accommodating said foot between rectilinear arms, the foot and arms extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the transducer, and said motor being formed by substantially parallelepipedal piezoelectric elements disposed between the facing sides of said foot and of each arm, these elements being fitted with electrodes creating an electric field parallel to said longitudinal direction, and the shape of said piezoelectric elements being chosen so as to promote the strain of the piezoelectric material substantially in this longitudinal direction. This configuration allows to considerably lower the resonant frequency of the assembly with moderate overall size and weight and with a small volume of piezoelectric material.


MIMO systems promise high performance gains over conventional single antenna systems. To accomplish high data rates over wireless links the use of multiple transmit and receive antennas is an alternative that does not require any extra bandwidth. It has the potential to address the unprecedented demand for wireless services, particularly for the multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS). This service supports downlink streaming and download-and-play type services to large groups of users. From the radio perspective, MBMS includes point-to-point (PtP) and point-to-multipoint (PtM) modes. New proposed MBMS related enhancements in the physical layer specifications and their effects on resource requirements are presented in this paper, such as the use of MIMO to broadcast/multicast video streaming using or not the complex rotation matrix (CRM) signal space diversity algorithm as a way to maintain an acceptable QoS for all the users


Abstract Gamma scanning and radiotracer applications are very effective and inexpensive tools to understand and optimize the process as well as troubleshoot the various types of problems in many chemical, petrochemical industries and refineries. These techniques are non-invasive; hence, the problems can be pinpointed online, which leads to reduce the downtime, schedule the shutdown and maintenance of the plant equipment, rendering huge economic benefits. In a leading refinery of India, the catalytic cracking unit (CCU) was malfunctioning. It was suspected by the refinery engineers that the catalyst powder was being carried over to the fractionator, which could have led to erosion of the fractionator column internals resulting in their rupture, and consequentially, to the fire hazard. To understand the flow behaviour of the catalyst powder and to ensure the mechanical integrity, catalyst accumulation and choking, both radiotracer study and gamma scanning of the CCU reactor was carried out. The reactor consists of a riser, three primary cyclones and three secondary cyclones. Gamma scanning of the reactor was carried out with the help of an automatic gamma scanner using 1.8 GBq of Co-60 sealed source. Results showed that the catalyst powder was accumulated in one of the secondary cyclones and uneven density distribution was observed in another secondary cyclone. The radiotracer study was carried out using the irradiated catalyst powder as a radiotracer, which contains 0.9 GBq of Na-24. The radiotracer was injected in the reactor through the specially fabricated injection system. Radiation measurement was done using the thermally insulated and collimated NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors located at various strategic locations coupled to a multi-detector data acquisition system. The data were mathematically analysed. It was confirmed that the catalyst powder was accumulated in one of the secondary cyclones with no flow downwards. This resulted in excess powder available to travel along with hydrocarbon towards fractionator. Since the quantity of powder released through the hydrocarbon outlet of CCU was higher than the designed value, the catalyst powder was observed in various zones of the fractionator. Mathematical modelling of the radiotracer data obtained at various locations corroborated the scanning results; also, the flow pattern was obtained. Partially blocked secondary cyclone showed plug flow with recirculation; normal working cyclone had plug flow behaviour and the vortex breaker showed parallel flow.


Abstract : Eight sites located in Corps of Engineers Districts (Baltimore, Detroit, Fort Worth, New Orleans, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and Savannah) were examined upon District requests to the Dredging Operations Technical Support Program at the U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss. Habitat development feasibility and assessment were studied at estuarine sites in the Santa Ana River, Calif.; Trinity River, Tex.; Brunswick Harbor, Ga.; Smith Island, Md.; Tangier Island, Va.; and the Delaware River, Pa. Marsh restoration and habitat development were studied at freshwater sites on Bayou Dourcheat, La., and at Point Mouillee, Lake Erie, Mich. Development of salt marshes, fresh marshes and ponds, bottomland hardwoods, furbearer habitat, waterfowl habitat, and seabird habitat and island creation and management are discussed in detail for appropriate sites. (Author)


Merck & Co. has decided to write off its R&D program for uprifosbuvir, a nucleotide prodrug in Phase II development for treating hepatitis C. Merck acquired the compound when it purchased Idenix Pharmaceuticals for $3.9 billion in 2014. Recent changes in the pricing and sales outlook for the competitive hepatitis C market caused Merck to reassess its prospects and the drug's value. As a result, the company will take a $2.9 billion pretax charge against 2016 earnings. Merck says it will continue to evaluate options for the uprifosbuvir clinical development program.


Aluminum Company after years of information construction, operation of enterprises is becoming more and more network, mobile, while ensuring that increasing requirements of network security, endpoint security has become the security architecture is highly concerned part. In this paper, a secure and efficient endpoint security solution is proposed for the Aluminum Inc. Scheme of low cost, simple structure, convenient management, effective protection of the safe operation of the enterprise network.


African countries are well recognised as being among the worst affected by the impacts of climate change. However, efforts to secure recognition of these "special circumstances" of African countries within the UN climate negotiations have been unsuccessful, despite this being a continental priority prior to and following adoption of the Paris Agreement. Such status is linked to global priorities for funding adaptation to climate change. This article explores why some other groups of developing countries have been successful in securing such recognition when African countries have not. It provides a historical institutionalist explanation of the path-dependent politics of such institutional recognition, emphasising the timing of when different groups have advanced vulnerability claims, which shapes the opposition that African countries have encountered in their efforts, as relative late-movers, to exercise agency. It highlights contestation surrounding what "vulnerability" to climate impacts means, and how this contestation has divided Global South solidarity.


For a total of twenty years (1856–76), Gustave Flaubert corresponded with a woman whom he would never meet and who had first written to him to express her admiration for his novel, Madame Bovary. These forty-five letters are among the most fascinating and important that he was to write, reflecting on his life, on art and esthetics, and on his determined dedication to the practice of writing. The letters to Marie-Sophie Leroyer de Chantepie occupy a central role in Flaubert's Correspondence, between the long series of letters he wrote to two other women, Louise Colet and George Sand. They are all dominated by the idea of the centrality of art, literature, and the activity of writing, and of the subordinate status of all other experiences and interests.


This article makes a critical analysis of the various forms or methodologies of the sanitary programme such as the CENDES/OPS method and the approach based on the full analysis of rise. The alternative choice is a kind of programme which has not been completely elaborated and which has its basis situational planning and the social epidemiological approach.


Objective: Transcatheter aortic valves (TAVs) are prone to structural valve deterioration resulting in limited long-term durability. However, data regarding long-term durability of TAVs are limited and there might exist a difference in long-term durability of different TAVs. The aim of this study was to perform a side-byside comparison of leaflet stress distribution of three most commonly used transcatheter and surgical bioprostheses.


Abstract : PC12 cells are well characterized for their ability to differentiate into neuronal‐like cells when challenged with nerve growth factor. It has been reported that the calpain and proteasome inhibitor N‐acetyl‐Leu‐Leu‐norleucinal (CI) is also able to induce neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. In this study, we report that the inhibitor of proteasomal chymotrypsin‐like activity, carbobenzoxy‐Ile‐Glu‐(O‐tert‐butyl)‐Ala‐Leu‐aldehyde (PSI), can also induce differentiation of PC12 cells. Induction of neurite outgrowth with PSI, CI, or its close analogue, carbobenzoxy‐Leu‐Leu‐leucinal (MG132), was associated with stress‐activated protein kinase (SAPK) activation. Neurite formation induced by protease inhibition was independent of mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, p38/reactivating kinase, or phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase activities. The exact mechanism by which protease inhibition activates SAPKs remains to be elucidated ; however, our results suggest that the SAPK signal transduction cascade may be an alternative and/or parallel pathway in the regulation of neuronal differentiation.


A procedure is described to design the overall dimensions of a centrifugal impeller. Initial optimization is carried out by minimizing the inlet and discharge Mach numbers. The procedure is developed for a range of possible pressure ratios and the effect of high pressure ratio on the Mach numbers and resultant impeller geometry is discussed. Empirical impeller flow modelling techniques to predict the performance of the proposed design are then briefly reviewed.


Our understanding of the role of marine phytoplankton in the global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and sulphur, particularly the rates and variability of primary production and calcification, phytoplankton activity and ecology in the subsurface chlorophyll maximum, and the use of satellite remote sensing to detect coccolithophore blooms, has progressed substantially through research initiated, led and undertaken by Patrick M. Holligan. The enthusiasm and commitment of Patrick's colleagues for both this special issue and the symposium on "Marine Plankton: From Cells to Ecosystems" held in his honour in April 2008 at Plymouth, UK are testament to the high esteem in which he is held within the international scientific community. His expertise as a scientific leader, teacher and writer has inspired students and collaborators over more than three decades. In particular, his chairmanship during the early 1990s of the Planning Committee for the "Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone" (LOICZ) project led to the establishment of a new core project within the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). As the first Head of the School of Ocean and Earth Science (SOES), University of Southampton (1998– 2002), Patrick had responsibility for substantial expansion of the School, including 13 new academic appointments. As one of the first UK Principal Investigators to propose an open-ocean latitudinal time-series study, he helped initiate the development of the Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) programme (www.amt-uk. org), and as the President of the Council of the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science (SAHFOS), he guided the transition to a new Directorship of the Continuous Plankton Recorder programme. Patrick gained an MA in Botany from Christs College, Cambridge in 1966. He then moved to the Department of Botany at the University of Leeds where he completed his PhD in 1970 on "Carbohydrate metabolism in the fungus Dendryphiella salina" under the supervision of David Jennings. During the first year of his PhD, Patrick assisted Ed Drew in some research on acclimations by seaweeds to changes in light intensity and quality that required summer fieldwork in Malta. It was here that Patrick practised his self-taught skills in scuba diving, met John Woods for the first time, acted as a guinea pig for behavioural research into the effects of nitrogen narcosis, and developed a serious interest in the marine environment. While doing his PhD, Patrick also met and married his wife, Sue. Patrick then undertook a postdoctoral appointment (1969–1973) with David Lewis in the Department of Botany at the University of Sheffield to work on the physiology of higher plants infected by rust fungi. In 1973, Patrick joined the staff at the Marine Biological Association (MBA) in Plymouth UK as a Research Scientist, despite his only "marine" credentials being research on a marine fungus and his hobby of scuba diving. He sought external advice from David Cushing and Tim Wyatt at Lowestoft and from Jack Talling at Windermere about developing a new research programme on marine phytoplankton and then, over morning coffee, met Robin Pingree, a physicist with an interest in biology who had come from the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (IOS), Wormley, UK to work


-Due to increase in number of modern cellular devices and wireless data communications in the recent years, demand of radio spectrum has been increased but current radio spectrum is a scarce natural resource due to static allocation of the spectrum bands to certain services like TV satellites, mobile fixed broadcast etc , so the efficient utilization of radio spectrum is a crucial task. Cognitive radio helps in removing this problem through proper utilization of radio spectrum. Cognitive Radio is a new emerging technique in which the free spectrum bands are identified to be used by non licensed users for their instant communication. Cognitive Radio helps in finding the occupied frequency spectrum bands over a time interval by spectrum sensing methods. Spectrum sensing plays a vital role in Cognitive Radio systems. In this paper, various spectrum sensing techniques like energy detection, Matched filter, Cyclostationary are discussed with their advantages and disadvantages. Work proposed by various authors on spectrum sensing in cognitive radio has also been discussed. Keywords--Cognitive radio, Spectrum sensing, Energy detection, Matched filter, Cyclostationary detection.


Ophthalmologists know that a very large number of patients in general practice, and in many subspecialty practices, present with eye symptoms that are too dry or too wet. These common situations trigger coding issues that must be understood in order to ensure proper compensation for care of this sizable patient group.


JN a discussion on the proteids which may occulr in the urine, which was opened by Prof. Halliburton at the Pathological Society' in 1900, he pointed out that the presence of albumin in the urine in greater quantity than the globulins of the blood when the damage to the kidney cells is comparatively slight, may possibly be a question of molecular size. Experiments by Gottwalt2 had previously shown that albuniin passes through the membrane of a dialyser more readily than globulin, and Dr T. G. Brodie stated at the same discussion that some experiments he had performed on perfusion of the isolated kidney supported the theory that the molecules of the globulins are larger than those of the albumins. Considering the difficulty of making direct observations on the molecular size of proteids it is important to utilise all indirect methods for the purpose. The globulins are, as is well known, more rea(iily salted out of their solutions than are the alburnins; they coagulate as a rule at a lower temperature, and some of them, like fibrinogen, pass easily into insoluble mnodifications. All these facts point to an extreme colloidal condition. If now we compare the colloidal with the crystalline carbohydrates, we see that the colloidal menmbers of the group are readily salted out from solution, whereas the crystalline ones are not. The dextrins, which occupy an intermediate place between the two divisions, are less readily salted out than the colloidal carbohydrates like starch and glycogen. The facility with which the carbohydrates are precipitable by alcohol runs parallel to this; starch and glycogen require a comparatively small amount of alcohol to precipitate them; the dextrins require more, while the crystalline carbohydrates are soluble in alcohol.


Some kinds of incoherent Doppler lidars using edge filters have been proposed for the wind velocity measurement. Korb et al. (1992) proposed the single edge technique to measure the wind velocity by the intensity change of the light transmitted through the sharp-slope of the etalon. Friedman et al. (1997) proposed the single edge technique that used an iodine vapor cell instead of the etalon. Recently, the double edge technique was proposed by Korb et al. (1998), who used two edges with opposite slopes symmetrically located about the laser frequency and improved the accuracy compared with the single edge technique. In this paper, we propose a new incoherent Doppler lidar using two transmission slopes of one iodine absorption line and the injection seeded Nd:YAG laser which changes the frequency alternately. We produced actually this new lidar and obtained the preliminary result ofthe wind measurement experiment.


The study of time use in different Bhutanese regions presents a wide array of information related to public policy issues. For instance it was found that rural people spend quite a substantial amount of time on travel and commute as well as waiting for services to be delivered. This amounts to a waste of people's precious time since they are not able to work in their farms during such days. Such information could be very useful to our policy makers involved in planning rural roads and transport and communication facilities and those engaged in instituting effective governance. Finally, the study provides a clear picture of how time use affects wellbeing or happiness. To the extent we know that there is such a relationship we can design policies towards affecting time use pattern that would bring greater happiness or wellbeing to the society.


Nocardia is a rare gram-positive bacteria causing opportunistic infection, and belongs to the aerobic Actinomycetes group. As the mortality in the immunocompromised patients with nocardiosis is high, early diagnosis and treatment is very important. However, clinical manifestations of infection caused by Nocardia are very variable and early diagnosis is limited by the difficulty in obtaining specimens and its isolation. Rapid diagnosis of Nocardia infection may allow for earlier effective therapy, thus improving patient outcome. We report a case of Nocardia farcinica diagnosed by DNA sequencing through blood culture in a renal transplant recipient with severe pneumonia and multiple brain abscesses.


Background There are data demonstrated association between BMD and the risk of manifestation OA. Some researchers revealed association between high BMD score in hip and lumbar region and high risk of knee OA. Objectives To study of association between axis BMD and the age of the manifestation, clinical and instrumental features of OA. Methods 158 consecutive females aged 45 years and over with primary knee OA diagnosed according to the ACR criteria were included in the study. Bilateral knee radiographs was performed using posteroanterior position, DXA of lumbar spine and femoral neck was acquired on QDR-450w (Hologic). MRI and US of knee were performed. 74 patients with normal or increased spine BMD and 42 patients with osteoporosis (OP) were analyzed. Results OP had 30,8% patients, osteopenia - 14,7%, and normal or increased spine BMD had 54,4% patients. The duration of OA was comparable in all three groups. The manifestation of OA in the group with OP was in a older age (54,2±11,9 yr.) as compared with the group with osteopenia (47,5±10,4 yr.) and the group with normal BMD ((47±8,4 yr.) (P12=0,046, P13=0,005). The share of the person with early knee pain manifestation (before 45 yr.) among women with high or normal BMD was as twice more than among women with OP (67,6% vs 30% accordingly). At the age of over 45 yr. knee pain was in 32,4% in group with high or normal BMD and in 70% in group with OP. The odds ratio was 4,8 in group with early OA manifestation and high or normal lumbar BMD score. The OA stage was less among persons with combination of OA and OP. X-ray examination demonstrated more wide joint space and smaller osteophyte size in this persons. The results of the logistic regression analyses are presented in table. Parameters B S.E. Sign. BMD spine (g/sm2) –53,4 7,5 0,000 BMD Femoral neck (g/sm2) –60,3 8,8 0,000 Menopauseage(yrs) 1,2 0,2 0,000 R: medial joint space narrow (mm) 4,7 0,8 0,000 R: subchondral sclerosis –11,7 2,5 0,000 MRI: damage of medical tibia cartilage (points) –6,6 1,3 0,000 MRI: size of cysts in medial department of tibia (points) –4,1 1,8 0,034 MRI: damage of medial menisci (points) –2,9 0,8 0,002 US: cartilage thickness in medial department (mm) 9,3 2,6 0,002 US: cartilage thickness in lateral department (mm) 11,1 3,6 0,005 US: cartilageoutline –4,1 1,5 0,011 US: cartilage homogeneity –8,02 2,9 0,01 Constant –38,1 12,1 0,004 Overall percentage in logistic regression model = 93,0%. Conclusions Persons with high and normal lumbar BMD score have more early OA manifestation. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


A fast implementation of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for spectral analysis of two-dimensional images is presented. The implementation time is order N, where N is the width of the image. The implementation is based on an old algorithm and a new architecture. The algorithm is the Chirp Z transform (CZT) implementation of the DFT. The architecture is a multiprocessor, mesh-connected, single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) scheme based on the Martin Marietta Geometric Arithmetic Parallel Processor (GAPPTM) chip. Using this implementation, image texture may be adaptively filtered for real-time image understanding applications.


In the generalized-$tJ$ model the effect of a large local Coulomb repulsion is accounted for by restricting the Hilbert space to states with at most one electron per site. In this case the electronic system can be viewed in terms of holes hopping in a lattice of correlated spins, where holes are the carriers doped into the half-filled Mott insulator. To explicitly capture the interplay between the hole dynamics and local spin correlations we derive a formulation of the generalized-$tJ$ model where doped carrier operators are used instead of the original electron operators. This ``doped carrier'' formulation provides a starting point to address doped spin systems, and we use it to develop a fully fermionic, mean-field description of doped Mott insulators. This mean-field approach reveals a mechanism for superconductivity\char22{}namely, spinon-dopon mixing\char22{}and we apply it to the $t{t}^{\ensuremath{'}}{t}^{\ensuremath{''}}J$ model as of interest to high-temperature superconductors. In particular, we use model parameters borrowed from band calculations and from fitting angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data to obtain a mean-field phase diagram that reproduces semiquantitatively that of hole- and electron-doped cuprates. The mean-field approach hereby presented accounts for the local antiferromagnetic and $d$-wave superconducting correlations which, we show, provide a rational for the role of ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ in strengthening superconductivity as expected by experiments and other theoretical approaches. As we discuss how $t$, ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ affect the phase diagram, we also comment on possible scenarios to understand the differences between as-grown and oxygen-reduced electron-doped samples.


Optical fiber cable lasher is an key equipment.It is used in information and communication engineering construction of the smart grid information.The model of Sculpt lasher's parts is built by SolidWorks 3D software;and the virtual prototype model of lasher is gained by virtual assembly technology.The results show that the designed lasher can meet the construction requirements,and have a certain values to the actual design.


According to the characteristics of driving controlling system of ultrasonic motor,in this paper,a two-phase resonant inverter for driving ultrasonic motor wiht MOSFET is designed,the frequency and phase difference Through the series inductance,we can get good performance of driving wave.


In this paper, according to the characteristic and need of AutoCAD plot, conclude the methods of AutoCAD plot accurately form in several modes and analysis the way of setting for the modes, it be of great practical.


This note presents pseudotransient Newton-Krylov-Schwarz solutions to two idealized low-Mach-number combustion problems. Preconditioning with a low-order discretization proved to be a wise choice in terms both computer memory requirements and algorithm performance


In this project, we study about the designing, controlling and successful working of robots under different environmental conditions and topography using WEBOTS simulator and try to optimise its functioning using Fuzzy-Logic. A robot carrying out a particular needed task has promising applications for the betterment of human society.
A well written code in WEBOTS simulator helps us to utilise the sensor information and integrate it with the robot's motor control to achieve the desired goal effectively. In order to synthesize the robot's controller, we rely on Fuzzy-Logic, which we show to be a powerful tool for the production of simple and effective solutions for our problem.
At the end, the performance of BOT performance with/without Fuzzy-Logic can be compared and used for further improvement.


The present invention relates to a technique for analyzing the odor emitted from an air conditioner and investigating odor causing materials. According to the present invention, provided is a method for investigating the odor causing materials of the air conditioner, comprising the steps of a) evaluating odor sensory; b) gathering a sample for analyzing a device; c) analyzing the taken sample; and d) sorting the odor causing materials.


We calculate radiative corrections to the flavor-changing neutral current process K → πll, both for charged and neutral kaon decays. While the soft-photon approximation is shown to work well for the muon channels, we discuss the necessity of further phase space cuts with electrons in the final state. It is also shown how to transfer our results to other decays such as η → γll or ω → πll. PACS. 13.20.Eb Decays of K mesons – 13.25.Jx Decays of other mesons – 13.40.Ks Electromagnetic corrections to strongand weak-interaction processes


Many companies empower employees without delegating to them. However, the economic literature on empowerment implies, if not assumes, that delegation is always empowering. While delegation is empowering in a single-agent context, we show that it may be disempowering with multiple collaborative agents. Delegation to an agent may disempower him indirectly by demotivating his collaborator. We show that the possibility that delegation can disempower causes the principal to retain decision rights precisely when delegation is most profitable in a single-agent environment. Our results imply a managerial role in empowering a collaborative team with heterogeneous preferences.


In this paper,we analysis China's foreign trade throughput time-series data from January 2001 to June 2009.intervention analysis model were made to study the impact of the financial crisis on China's foreign trade.The result showed that the model has good simulation and prediction.


The Internet of Things, by the dimension and the important roles that objects will play in their environment, make object authentication and identity management a high issue and a difficult challenge. Sometimes, the complex relationship between objects and users makes identities management difficult to the scalability issues. The heterogeneity of techniques for identifying users and objects is another technological barrier that requires special investigation. The objective of our work is to analyze some mechanisms of authentication and identity management of objects. To carry out this work, we analyzed the fields of application and the socio-economic challenges of IoT. Then, we studied the security needs of IoT. Our work ends with a study and an analysis mechanisms of identity management of objects based on a secure identity integrated into microcontrollers (MCUs), on the provisioning of PKI identities, on a secure identity integrated into electronic chips and by a study and analysis of authentication management mechanisms based on cryptographic solutions by public / private keys, on elliptical curves and on Blockchain.


The paper deals with the role of the independent regulators in network industries with the special attention to Croatian national regulators. First part describes the notion of network industries and their liberalization from the previous state monopolies. Basic economic principles underlying such change are explained. This is followed by an overview of regulatory authorities both on the EU and the national level. Role of all regulatory authorities should be based on the principles of good governance. Central part of the paper deals with the Croatian regulatory authorities, namely their legal status and independence, accountability, bodies, financing and duties and powers. Conclusions are made whether a unified regulatory authority would improve the existing situation and eliminate certain inconsistencies.


1. A mold (1) for casting molten metal into a billet with a round or polygonal cross section in an installation for continuous casting soderzhaschiyskvoznoe molding hollow space (2), while forming a hollow space (2) is limited in the pulling direction of the blank inlet (3) pouring the melt into the mold and the outlet (4) for extracting at least partially solidified billet from the mold (1), while forming a hollow space (2) is limited transversely directed eniya inner wall extract (5) of the mold (1); and wherein the forming hollow space (2) has a zone (8), referred to in the subsequent zone (8) removal of the load, with an appropriate potting cone (9), called thereafter discharging the priming plug (9), wherein the area (8) removing the load has several recesses (10) in the inner wall (5) of the mold (1) for unloading the workpiece, characterized in that the recess (10) or a repetitive sequence consisting of a zone with a recess and the area without depressions, extends along the longitudinal length of the zone (8) removal of the load in the direction removed Nia, wherein the recess (10) or a repeating sequence has the form of a helix; and wherein the depth or width of the recess (10) in the inner wall (5) decreases continuously and monotonically in the expanded length of the helical line is opposite the direction zagotovki.2 extraction. A mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess being either in the form of grooves or as vykruzhki.3. A mold according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the area (8) removing the load has n Indented


Some solutions to solve the class imbalance problem that is one of the representative difficulties in machine learning have been proposed. Among them, SMOTE algorithm is proposed recently to reduce the influence of the problem and shows its remarkable performance to solve real world problems. This paper proposes a novel kind of the SMOTE algorithm by combining the previous SMOTE algorithm and fuzzy logic to deal with uncertainties underlying learning samples. Also, fuzzy c-means clustering is used to assign membership degree to given samples efficiently. Moreover, the extended gap statistics is applied to select the optimal number of cluster. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on using several benchmark datasets and shows its good performance by combining support vector machine classifier.


The study investigates the relationship between corporate governance performance, related party transactions and shareholder activism among listed firms in India. The study provides valuable insights into the impact of shareholder activism on corporate governance performance (CGP) and the occurrence of related party transactions (RPTs). Results infer a significant difference in overall CGP between the firms subjected to shareholder activism and firms not subjected to shareholder activism. The study proposes significant evidence on the close monitoring of the governance practices of the firm by activists' investor and they respond immediately to any evidence of poor governance practice of the firm. A significant difference was found in the amount of sales to RP prior to the incidence of SA than the post incidence of SA for the firms subjected to SA. However, no such difference was found with respect to other major components of RP.


In this report, we have developed a pneumatically assist system for human walk who has a handicap or damage. The assist system supports the human leg force by using pneumatic linear actuators when he desires to stretch his knee joints. The supportable angles of knee are enough wide and the system can be used in the range of stand up and go up/down stairs. This system consists of two outfits of each leg actuated by pneumatic linear cylinder and a pair of shows having the weight sensors on the sole. When the human tries to move, the force change is detected by sensors on shoes and the deferent signal forms in the various conditions, i.e. he attempt to walk, go up/down the stairs and stand up from chair, are used to decide the assist timing of each assist control mode. The usefulness of this system will be evaluated by the power reducing ratio of human and his impression for use.


Emergency Departments (EDs) constitute an important component in a healthcare system. Recently, they are confronted with a substantial growth in demand. Combined with the ever tightening budgets, this has led to the problem of overcrowding in many EDs. Simulation has been widely used in operations management research for analysing and improving patient flow in EDs. The quality of input data is of great importance to build a realistic simulation model. In this paper, data quality problems in healthcare records of emergency departments are identified based on a case study in a Belgian university hospital. The problems are categorised and data quality assessment techniques are developed for each category. A combination of quantitative and qualitative metrics is described to estimate the potential impact of the data quality issues on simulation.


Based on discrete event-triggered communication scheme and taking into account of the actuator failures and saturation constraint,the problem of robust fault-tolerant design is studied for NCS with timevarying delay andα-stability.Aimed at the linear controlled object with uncertain parameters and employing the state-feedback control law,a closed-loop failure model of NCS is established first,in which the actuator failures,network time-delay,saturation constraint,and event-triggered communication constraint are included.Then based on Lyapunov stability theory,the definition of fault-tolerant attraction domain,and the improved Jessen inequality,the time-delay/event-dependent sufficient condition of invariance set is derived for an closed-loop failure system withα-stability,and a cooperative design method of fault-tolerant controller and communication triggering parameter is given out.Finally,it is verified by a simulation example that the method proposed in the paper can make the closed-loop failure system possessα-stability,so that the qualitative relationship of system dynamic performance with the amount of transmission data is revealed.


THE INVENTION IS ON A TWO-DIMENSIONAL ADJUSTABLE NOZZLE, ESPECIALLY FOR AIRPLANE REACTOR. THE NOZZLE INCLUDES SIDE WALLS FIXED 8 AND ASSEMBLY COMPONENTS MOBILE OPERATED SYSTEM ORDER FORM FOUR SETS WITH EACH FRAME AND 17 MOBILE LENGTHWISE pREFERABLY ABLE TO ROTATE AROUND AN AXIS OF sYMMETRY OF THE PLAN nOZZLE, ONE PIECE CAM 26 cOOPERATING WITH ROLLER AND FIXED JOINT ON STREAM BELOW 11 AND UNDER 17 COMPONENT ABOVE IS JOINT ON THE FRAMEWORK AND THE DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT. UNDER THE PIECE CAM AND THE TWO COMPONENTS FORM A qUADRILATERAL DEFORMABLE.


Localizing and recognition of objects are critical problems for indoor manipulation tasks. This paper describes an algorithm based on computer vision and machine learning that does object detection and gripping tasks. Detection of objects is carried out using a combination of a camera and depth sensor using a Kinect v1 depth sensor. Moreover, machine learning algorithms (YOLO) are used for computer vision. The project presents a method that allows the Kinect sensor to detect objects' 3D location. At the same time, it is attached to any robotic arm base, allowing for a more versatile and compact solution to be used in stationary places using industrial robot arms or mobile robots. The results show an error of locating an object to be 5 mm. and more than 70% confidence in detecting objects correctly. There are many possibilities in which this project can be used, such as in industrial fields, to sort, load, and unload different kinds of objects based on their type, size, and shape. In agriculture fields, to collect or sort different kinds of fruits, in kitchens and cafes where sorting objects like cups, bottles, and cans can occur. Also, this project can be added to mobile robots to do indoor human services or collect trash from different places.


Objective To investigate the serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70),and evaluate their clinical significance in brain injury of children with complicated febrile convulsions (CFC).Methods Forty-three patients with CFC,41 children with simple febrile convulsions and 36 healthy controls were recruited in this study; their serum levels of BDNF and HSP70 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); correlation between levels of BDNF and HSP70 and both time of twitch duration and twitch frequency were analyzed.Results The mean serum concentrations of BDNF (4.96±1.21 ng/mL) and HSP70 (2.86± 0.93 ng/mL) in patients of CFC group were significantly higher than those in patients of simple febrile convulsions and healthy controls (P<0.05); while no significant difference was noted between patients of simple febrile convulsions and healthy controls (P>0.05).These changes were closely related to the duration time and frequency of convulsions(r=0.553,P=0.015; r=0.587,P=0.012; r=0.526,P=0.024; r=0.562,P=0.018).Conclusions It is sure that some brain injury exists in children with CFC; BDNF and HSP-70 might be one of the molecular mechanisms for the brain injury and protective effect.

Key words:
Complicated febrile convulsion;  Simple febrile convulsion;  Brain derived neurotrophic factor;  Heat shock protein 70;  Children


Background: Little is known about acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD), a diagnostic category introduced with ICD-10.
Case Presentation: Acute transient psychotic disorder is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterised by the acute onset of psychotic symptoms such as delusion, hallucination and perceptual disturbances, and by the severe disruption of ordinary behaviour. Patient history: The Male patient 48 year old who was apparently admitted in AVBRH on date 08/05/2021 with chief complaint was Abnormal behaviour( taking clothes off in public ), irritability, aggressive, muttering and smiling to self from 10 days back. His parents once locked him in a room as they fear he might hurt him. He was taken to a faith healer in Pandarkawda twice by his parents. The Baba gave him some mysterious beats like bracelet to wear which eventually decreased his symptoms for 3 days but the symptoms persisted from the fourth day. This time, the Baba mixed a lemon juice, turmeric powder & kumkuma (a powder made from dried turmeric with a bit of slaked lime) and applied all over him eyes which severely inflamed & burnt his eyes. His eye injury elevated his psychotic symptoms which is why his parents took him to psychiatric OPD in AVBRH.
Past History: Patient was apparently asymptomatic 2 yrs back. He was married to a woman of his parent's choice. His marriage life was stressful and unhealthy. He was underestimated by his wife due to his low qualification and health problem.
Clinical Finding: The patient has been undergone with various investigations like culture, blood tests, Physical examination and mental status examination symptomatically with antipsychotic agent and anticonvulsant such as Tab Olanzapine 10mg- HS, Tab Clonazepam 0.5mg – SOS.
Medical Management: Antibiotic eye drop homatropine and eye ointment ciprofloxacin.
Nursing Management: Administered fluid replacement i.e DNS and RL, eye care was done with betadine and Normal Saline solutions, eye care by administering eye drops and monitored all vital signs hourly.
Conclusion: Patient was admitted to hospital with the chief complaint of muttering to self, irritability and eye injury, blisters, pus discharge from eyes and his condition was very critical and patient was admitted in AVBR Hospital ,immediate treatment was started by health team member and all possible treatment were given and now the patient condition is satisfactory.


With the ozone layer depletion problem and the use of refrigerant which contribute to global warming it is necessary to find alternate refrigerant which is environment friendly and also does not have any effect on global warming and ozone -layer depletion. In this analysis the performance of vapor compression cycle evaluated theoretically with d ifferent refrigerant and at different mass fraction. In vapor compression refrigerat ion system, the commonly used refrigerant is R134a Tetra -fluoroethane (C2H2F4) and here we are using R290a Propane (C3H8) and R600a Isobutane (C4H10) for evaluating various parameter separately and also at different mass fraction about 25%-75%, 50%-50% and 75%-25% respectively and also at different outside condition by varying outside temperature. The evaluation was made in term of various performance parameters such as volumetric efficiency, compressor discharge temperature, condenser temperature, pressure ratio, cooling capacity and coefficient of performance. The result obtained are compared with in itial used R134a Tetra-fluoroethane and other used refrigerant i.e . R290a propane and R600a Isobutene.


This guide is for the Preservation and Access Committee to use for reference, for information sharing, for documents storage and for workspace.


The advective acceleration term is examined using a simplified hydrodynamic analysis for partially mixed estuaries. Although neglecting advective acceleration yields a different surface slope, it provides the same velocity profile as the calculation does with the advective acceleration term. In many water quality modeling studies, the slope of the free surface is usually not used in determining the distribution of water quality constituents on a tidally averaged basis. As long as the calculations yields the same results in velocity profiles, neglecting the advective acceleration term in the calculation would be allowed as an approximation when the tidal current data to generate the advective acceleration term are not available.


This contribution shows the monitoring of AC and DC millivoltage signals by means of lossy mode resonances generated by Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) on optical fibers. Sensors were obtained by sputtering ITO thin-films onto 25 mm-length segments of 200 μm bare optical fibers. Depositing a 1 μm thin-film of ITO leads to obtain reduced thin-film resistances of near 340 ohms. This allows the detection of voltage signals by monitoring the wavelength shift of the resonances. Sensitivities up to 40 nm/V can be achieved when tracking sinusoidal signals of a few cents of mV peak-to-peak. This opens the path for further research pursuing the detection of biomedical signals.


The Himalaya, the southern frontier of Central Asia, has been for centuries a geographic enigma akin to the headwaters of the Nile and the wanderings of the Lop Nor. The earlier problems of location and elevation were solved, for the most part, by the pioneering efforts of the Surveyor General of India and the Survey of India, conducted since the mid-nineteenth century. Unfortunately, virtually all of the maps produced by the Surveyor General of India are officially restricted and thus normally not available. Far from satisfying our curiosity of the Himalaya, the Surveyor General and the Survey generated a host of questions regarding the population, cultures, and human ecology of that mountain system. These questions have attracted the full attention of numerous scholars representing many disciplines. Among geographers interested in the Himalaya, the cartographic work of Professor Pradyumna P. Karan is well known.


The effect of threading dislocations on the electronic properties of AlN is investigated through density functional theory calculations on the six atom ring core of c -screw dislocations. Additional calculations are performed in order to elucidate the effect of doping through decoration of the dislocation cores by Indium and Oxygen atoms. Substitution of Al (N) core atoms by In (O) impurities as well as incorporation of a rhombohedral In2O3 structural unit in the core, are examined. It is revealed that multiple levels are induced in the band gap of AlN in all cases and screw dislocations are identified as conduction pathways to charge carriers. This feature is exemplified when rhombohedral In2O3 is incorporated in the cores. The presence of these dopants shall augment the conductivity along the dislocation line and new prospects arise for AlN threading dislocations since, following the "dislocation technology" scheme, the role of conductive nanowires in semiconducting thin films is appointed to doped screw dislocations (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Recent research has shown that the microbiota affects the biology of associated host epithelial tissues, including their circadian rhythms, although few data are available on how such influences shape the microarchitecture of the brush border. The squid‐vibrio system exhibits two modifications of the brush border that supports the symbionts: effacement and repolarization. Together these occur on a daily rhythm in adult animals, at the dawn expulsion of symbionts into the environment, and symbiont colonization of the juvenile host induces an increase in microvillar density. Here we sought to define how these processes are related and the roles of both symbiont colonization and environmental cues. Ultrastructural analyses showed that the juvenile‐organ brush borders also efface concomitantly with daily dawn‐cued expulsion of symbionts. Manipulation of the environmental light cue and juvenile symbiotic state demonstrated that this behaviour requires the light cue, but not colonization. In contrast, symbionts were required for the observed increase in microvillar density that accompanies post dawn brush‐border repolarization; this increase was induced solely by host exposure to phosphorylated lipid A of symbiont cells. These data demonstrate that a partnering of environmental and symbiont cues shapes the brush border and that microbe‐associated molecular patterns play a role in the regulation of brush‐border microarchitecture.


Abstract: Indigenous rice has maintained the survival of local people for more than a thousand years in the Yuanyang terraced rice fields of southern Yunnan, China. It is the foundation for long-term stable development of local agriculture and food security and its unique and irreplaceable characteristics give the terraces value. The status of indigenous rice resources is threatened by serious loss, so a better understanding of rice diversity and the factors that influence rice variety protection is conducive to policy. Here, we investigate the planting and conservation situation of indigenous rice, analyze factors impacting the protection and loss of traditional rice varieties, and construct an indigenous rice protection influence index system. Controllable factors which have special meaning to the maintenance and management of local rice are identified and corresponding strategies for the protection and maintenance of indigenous rice are discussed.


Synopsis The preparation of clay samples to allow the detailed investigation of microstructure inevitably involves some degree of disturbance, introduced by the standard preparation techniques for ...


We use frequency domain methods to study robust output regulation of a stable plant in a situation where the controller is only required to be robust with respect to a predefined class of perturbations. We present a characterization for the solvability of the control problem and design a minimal order controller that achieves robustness with respect to a given class of uncertainties. The construction of the controller is illustrated with an example.


In this research, the non-formaldehyde wrinkle-resistant treatment of cotton fabrics has been investigated using the 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid as cross-linking agent and sodium dihydrogen hypophosphite as catalyst together with nano titanium dioxide as co-catalyst compound. The effect of changes in the concentration of 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid and nano titanium dioxide on the wrinkle recovery angle, tensile strength, tearing strength and bending length of cotton fabrics was evaluated. It was found that the addition of nano titanium dioxide could enhance the wrinkle resistance and decrease the bending length of the cotton fabric with little effect on the tearing and tensile strength of the treated fabrics.


Taking Tai'an as an example,the actuality of heavy metal pollution in the target soil was studied,using the single factor and N.L.Nemerow composite index method.The potential ecological hazard suggested by Hakanson was used to assess ecological hazards of heavy metals in urban soils.Results showed that the single pollution indexes of urban soils were 0.11,6.8,1.15,0.86,0.41 and 0.29 for Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn,Cr and As respectively.The target soil was highly polluted by Cd,the potential ecological hazard single index of Cd was 204,and slightly polluted by Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr and As;Potential ecological risk index is up to 241.88,at the medium ecological hazard degree.


ABSTRACT Recent excavations undertaken by the Aerial Archaeology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (AAKSA) project have recovered significant skeletal material, evidence for funerary offerings, including jewelry, and the earliest chronometrically dated domestic dog in the Arabian Peninsula. Despite being heavily disturbed by recent looting, these monumental funerary structures were found to be collective burials dating to the 5th and 4th millennia b.c. The evidence recovered from these graves provides new insight into the social and funerary landscapes of northwestern Arabia during the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods, shedding light upon issues of social memory, territoriality, and monumentality in the Middle Holocene of the Arabian Peninsula.


Objective
To introduce the construction and clinical application of nursing assessment information model to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Methods
The electronic nursing assessment sheet was designed and perfected, the correct rate and nursing assessment length of DVT were compared.

Results
After the application of DVT nursing assessment information model, the correct rate of DVT assessment increased from 80% to 98% (χ2=49.64, P<0.01); the assessment length decreased from (5.36±3.02)min to (1.24±2.89)min (t=7.63, P<0.05).

Conclusions
The application of DVT nursing assessment information model can improve nursing staff members′ work efficacy and protect patients′ safety.

Key words:
Deep vein thrombosis; Nursing assessment; Information system; Clinical application


Our knowledge of protein structures has increased exponentially in the last 30 years or so. In 1970, there were only four protein structures known. By 1990, about 300 structures had been solved. Today more than 14 000 structures are stored in the Protein Data Bank and several hundred new ones are deposited every month. At the same time, however, our knowledge of protein sequences has increased at an even faster rate in recent years. Chemists, biochemists and biologists thus increasingly face the intellectual imperative of developing effective and rapid methods for prediction of protein structures. In this volume, No. 143 in the well regarded series Methods in Molecular Biology, editor David M. Webster has assembled an eclectic but prodigious collection of articles on protein structure predictive methods that is likely to be regarded as a valuable addition to the series. The present volume describes established methods for prediction of secondary and tertiary structures of proteins, together with their theoretical bases. The mix of theoretical and practical aspects here is the result of Webster's attempts to target both novice and experienced researchers and to provide information that is not always immediately obvious in the primary scienti®c literature. It is fair to say that this excellent volume meets both these goals. Articles in this volume range from basic to advanced and include the use of sequence alignment and SAP (the Structure Alignment Program), how to identify domains within protein sequences, comparative protein structure modeling, use of residue±residue mean-force potentials, genetic algorithms for protein folding, ab initio structure prediction methods, classi®cation of protein folds, restrained molecular dynamics methods for modeling transmembrane helix bundles, predictive models of protein active sites and methods for peptide±protein and protein±protein docking. This list clearly covers a lot of ground, but at the same time one notices a surprising lack of coverage of both theoretical and experimental approaches to protein-folding algorithms. This may be intentional, as Volume 168 of this series, which was due out in March 2001, is tentatively titled Protein Structure, Stability and Folding (Kenneth P. Murphy, editor) and will presumably cover the exciting recent advances in the study of protein folding. Each chapter in this volume is written by one or more of the experts working currently in that particular ®eld. The result is state-of-the-art coverage of each of the topics presented. At the same time, the chapters differ from one another, in that some emphasize theory whereas others are much more practical in nature. The theoretical chapters provide valuable all-in-oneplace presentations for novices and the practical articles provide useful step-by-step instructions, warnings of pitfalls and strategies for method optimization that will be valuable to anyone hoping to implement new methods in their own laboratory. The ®rst six chapters of the book do a good collective job of covering the practical aspects of sequence alignment and comparative structure modeling. The article entitled Genetic Algorithms and Protein Folding by Steffen Schulze-Kremer contains useful source code (in C) for two-dimensional modeling of proteins, and the chapter Comparative Protein Structure Modeling by Roberto SaÂnchez and Andrej SÆ ali provides a good introduction to MODELLER, along with information on how to obtain this free UNIX/LINUX program. Robert E. Bruccoleri's chapter Ab Initio Loop Modeling and Its Application to Homology Modeling provides detailed information on the use of CONGEN, a free UNIX-based program for homology modeling. This is an eminently practical volume, one that will lead the interested reader logically and expeditiously through a ®eld that has become complex and challenging in recent years. Its only fault may be that some of the articles were not carefully proofread prior to publication. For example, on p. 308, in the chapter on classi®cation of protein folds, `staphylococcal' is misspelled twice in Fig. 2 as `staphococcyl' and on pp. 313 and 314 the legends for Figs. 4 and 5 are switched. These oversights notwithstanding, this book can be recommended enthusiastically to anyone who wishes to learn about either the theoretical or the practical aspects of protein structure prediction.


Abstract : The conventional gas dynamic laser is driven by a gas mixture consisting of approximately 85% N2, 10% CO2 and 5% H2O. The formulation of all solid fuels which generate such a gas mixture at the required temperatures and rates is beyond reach. Investigations were conducted to determine the small signal gain of gas compositions amenable to all solid gas generator formulating. It was found that acceptable gains can be achieved when N2 is partically replaced by CO and H2O by HCl. Based on these results a solid composition was formulated and tested which gave 28% CO, 10% CO2, 16% HCl and 46% N2. (Author)


Hydroxyl radical (·OH) is a key component that leads to the cleavage of the glycosidic bond in the process of chitosan (CS) degradation by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC). In this paper, methylene blue (MB) was selected as the trapping agent of ·OH and the yield of ·OH in an impact-jet hydraulic cavitator was investigated. The results showed that the cavitation intensity and the number of passes (N) were the two main factors affecting the yield of ·OH. A smaller cavitation number (Cv) or a larger N indicated that more ·OH can be produced. Based on the dimensionless number correlation method, the yield of ·OH was correlated with Cv, N, Euler number (Eu), Reynolds number (Re), and a dimensionless parameter (γ), and a prediction model of ·OH yield was established. The relative deviations between the experimental and calculated values of the ·OH yield were basically within 10% by the prediction model. On the basis of the prediction model, the yield of ·OH produced in the process of CS degradation by HC was obtained. The results showed that the predicted yield of ·OH was significantly correlated with the intrinsic viscosity reduction rate of CS. It was suggested that the prediction model of ·OH yield based on the MB solution can be used to calculate the ·OH yield during the degradation of low concentration CS by HC.


For a thousand years or so Europe and Christendom were synonymous. Since the Reformation (and in fact well before) the average Briton has viewed Europe with suspicion. Europe has produced the greatest threats to our sovereignty, our liberty and freedom of religion – Philip II, Louis XIV, Napoleon, Hitler, all absolutist rulers, and now, if one is to believe our press, the European Union. Apparently reasonable people regard the EU as an absolutist popish plot: note well – the Treaty of Rome! They may have a point. The main architects of the European Iron and Steel Federation, subsequently the EEC, the EC, and now the EU, were Roman Catholics – French, German, Belgian, Dutch and Italian politicians, deeply influenced by the social teaching of Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum Novarum. But they also had colleagues who were deeply influenced by non-Catholic champions of liberal democracy – Barth, Bonhoeffer and William Temple. Their aim was to create structures that would serve the quest for peace and justice – a highly laudable Christian aim, for without peace and justice the gospel cannot be proclaimed, and the gospel and theology are significant weapons in working for peace and justice. The story of the EU and the churches has now been told in brief compass by Ken Medhurst, formerly Professor in the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford.1 Professor Medhurst sets the global context in which the EU now exists, describes the genesis of the European Movement, the European institutions, the recent enlargement and development of the Union and the changing contexts and policies, discusses faith and Europe's future, and provides a concluding theological reflection. It is good to have a calm discussion of the complex issues and the current and future proposals for the development of the European Union, apart from the 'anti-Europe' hysteria of the greater part of the British press, fearful of possible curbs on the monopolistic tendencies of the press barons.


Thes article proves that the actual direction of effective enterprise management is the use of network management concept of production and commercial activities, which is based on the theory of stakeholders. This area of research is widely discussed in foreign economic publications, where a significant number of innovative developments and proposals have already accumulated. Research, generalization and use of foreign experience in the field of stakeholder theory are extremely important for domestic industrial enterprises.
The purpose of the study is to study the methods of substantiation of theoretical and methodological approaches and practical recommendations for managing relations with stakeholders on the basis of a cost approach, identification and grouping of stakeholders of industrial enterprises taking into account their interests. Achieving this goal is carried out using a conceptual approach to the formation of total value, which includes the value of the industrial enterprise and the value of its stakeholders, who jointly create the overall contribution of this economic entity in achieving society as a whole. The proposed approach differs positively from the conceptual provisions available in the theory of stakeholders and can be based on the theoretical provisions of managing the relationship of an industrial enterprise with its stakeholders on the basis of a cost approach.
The implementation of the proposed approach allows an industrial enterprise to rank stakeholders by value, analyze the dynamics of the structure and parameters of flows of material and financial resources of the enterprise and its stakeholders.


Renewed interest in the concept of "uneven and combined development" has led some to argue for an international historical sociology that transcends the binary between a societal and international reality. This paper suggests in its place an alternative reading of Marx's materialist conception of history and ultimately argues that a feminist historical materialism is a sociologically more promising framework from which an international historical sociology can arise.


1School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 3Institute of Medical Science Popularization, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the quality of life of older adults/patients with degenerative lumbar diseases (ODLs) and analyse its association with some of their healthrelated perceptions. Materials and Methods: This mixed-methods study consisted of a questionnaire survey and an in-depth interview, which was designed within this study. ODLs were recruited from January 12, 2017 to June 27, 2018. The independent sample t-test and grounded theory coding method were employed for data analysis. Results: Of the 125 participants who returned valid questionnaires, 18 were included in the in-depth interviews. ODLs' quality of life was associated with the following health-related perceptions: "life barriers", "subjective health status", and "treatment outcomes" across the domains of physiology, psychology, social relations, and environment. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that ODLs' quality of life is associated with their healthrelated perceptions. Thus, to improve older adults' quality of life, more attention should be paid to enhancing non-medical factors such as their health-related perceptions.


The spatial brightness profiles of Ar and Kr ions have been measured during a set of experiments in which these gases were puffed into FTU (Frascati Tokamak Upgrade) and Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas. These profiles were measured by spatially scanning photometrically calibrated vuv and x-ray spectrometers covering 3 to 1700 Aa on a shot to shot basis. Several simulations of these profiles were performed using the multiple ionization state transport (MIST) code to validate the atomic physics rates used to determine the charge state distribution in the plasmas. A comparison of two sets of atomic physics rates was made. The chosen rates were the original rates in MIST and the more accurate ionization/recombination rate coefficients from the HULLAC atomic code and the current compilations by Mazzotta. The simulations with the more accurate rates could correctly predict the brightness profiles. The simulations with the older rates adequately predicted the Ar brightness profiles but did not accurately predict those of Kr. The inclusion of the excitation autoionization rates which were absent from the MIST code had the most profound effect on the simulated charge state distributions. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.


The manufacturing enterprises production logistics is one of the most important links of the company. In particular, attention is drawn to waste and is looking for opportunities to reduce costs. Improvements in the manufacturing, supply chain and warehouse management allow to obtain financial benefits. To improve the existing situation should take appropriate decisions and use all available tools. Used in the company "lean management". The aim of the study was to demonstrate that by changing the method of preparation and delivery of materials for the production can be eliminated from the production process unnecessary intermediate time. This will allow for smoother operation, elimination of waste and the increase in value added.


In this paper, we apply a blow-up method of Schoen and Yau in \cite{SY81} to study a large class of prescribed mean curvature (PMC) Dirichlet problems in $n(n\geq 2)$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. In this process we establish curvature estimates for almost minimizing PMC hypersurfaces, using an approach of Schauder estimates from Simon \cite{Sim76}. We define an Nc-f domain, where $f$ is a given function generating from the PMC equation. Combining this condition with a sufficiently mean convex assumption the blow-up method yields corresponding solutions to these PMC Dirichlet problems. Such Nc-f assumption is almost optimal by an example. An application of our result into the PMC Plateau problem is also presented.


The main reasons behind the setting up of the 2008-2009 Information Literacy Review at Victoria University (VU) are discussed. The ultimate aim is to provide students with valuable opportunities and services.


Knowing that a loved one is approaching the end of their life can be extremely difficult and traumatic. Health professionals are in a position to offer support and reassurance to partners and families, and should see this as part of their duty of care. Aysha Mendes explains why communicating sensitively with and actively listening to patients and the ones they hold dear is so important.


We make a detailed study of the moduli space of winding number two (k=2)
axially symmetric vortices (or equivalently, of co-axial composite of two
fundamental vortices), occurring in U(2) gauge theory with two flavors in the
Higgs phase, recently discussed by Hashimoto-Tong (hep-th/0506022) and
Auzzi-Shifman-Yung (hep-th/0511150). We find that it is a weighted projective
space WCP^2_(2,1,1)=CP^2/Z_2. This manifold contains an A_1-type (Z_2) orbifold
singularity even though the full moduli space including the relative position
moduli is smooth. The SU(2) transformation properties of such vortices are
studied. Our results are then generalized to U(N) gauge theory with N flavors,
where the internal moduli space of k=2 axially symmetric vortices is found to
be a weighted Grassmannian manifold. It contains singularities along a
submanifold.


Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TAE) on glucose tolerance (GT#) in the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: One hundred and ten patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were involved in this study: thirty non-diabetics without chronic liver disease (control group), thirty non-diabetics with chronic liver disease (CLD group), and fifty diabetics (diabetic group). GT tests were performed for the three groups before and after TAE using lipiodol and anticancer drugs alone or together with following gelfoam. Then, we evaluated changes of GT after oral glucose loading, changes of fasting blood glucose (FBG) related to the degree of diabetes and embolic materials, and the relation between FBG and ALT value. Results: GT after TAE was significantly impaired from 60 to 120 minutes in the CLD group (p<0.05), and from 30 to 180 minutes in the diabetic group (p<0.01). FBG level had a tendency to elevate as the degree of diabetes mellitus advanced, but had no relation with the difference of embolic materials. There was no significant relationship between ALT value and FBG. Conclusions: TAE for HCC sometimes causes significant impairment of GT, especilly in the advanced diabetics. Thus, before and after TAE, careful management of diabetes is required for improvement of the prognosis. (Kor J Gastroenterol 1999;34:357 - 362)


The herbicide S-metolachlor is used to control or suppress annual grasses, nutsedges and several broadleaf weeds in sweetpotato. However, a decline in storage root quality is suspected when an excessive rainfall occurs within 24 h after application. A sunlit, controlled environment experiment was conducted to investigate sweetpotato response to five levels of S-metolachlor (0.00, 0.86, 1.72, 2.58 and 3.44 kg ha−1), and two levels of simulated rainfall (0 and 38 mm at 51 mm h−1) immediately after application. Sweetpotato slips were transplanted into white polyvinyl chloride pots filled with sandy loam soil. S-metolachlor treatments were applied to slips and a simulated rainfall treatment delivered immediately after transplanting and herbicide treatment. All pots were transferred to sunlit growth chambers that were maintained at 30/22 ◦C, day/night temperatures and ambient carbon dioxide concentration (400 L L−1) for 60 days. An evapotranspiration-based irrigation system was used to supply water and nutrients. Plant biomass components and quality of storage roots were recorded 60 days after transplanting. There was no difference between rainfall treatments across S-metolachlor rates for vine lengths, leaf numbers and leaf area. These parameters, however, declined linearly and significantly with increase in S-metolachlor concentration. Total storage root weight declined linearly with increased S-metolachlor concentration; the decline was steeper with simulated rainfall. Yield of marketable storage roots declined by 18 and 31% in the absence of rainfall and 55 and 79% in the presence of rainfall with S-metolachlor at minimum (0.86 kg ha−1) and maximum (1.43 kg ha−1) recommended label rates, respectively, used to control weeds. Yield reduction was directly proportional to the rate of S-metolachlor applied in the absence or presence of rainfall; 77 and 123 g fresh weight kg−1 ha−1 S-metolachlor for no-rainfall and rainfall treatment, respectively. These results can be used to improve management decisions to optimize yield under field conditions as well as to mitigate risk of injury that could be associated with the use of S-metolachlor in sweetpotato production


The author analyzed the application status of China's agricultural Internet of Things, conceived and forecast the application of Internet of Things technology in field crop production monitoring, expounded and analyzed the meaning, basic framework and several issues needed to be solved, described that it has an excellent basis and bright prospect for the application of Internet of Things in crop production. Besides, the author also described the significance of applying Internet of Things to this aspect.


Present during public session: Commissioners Kelley, Devine, and Howe, Chief Russ, Deputy Chief Magnant, Budget Coordinator Karen Senecal, City Councilor Harold Whitehouse, Captain David Young, Captain Len DiSesa, Sergeant Earl Case, Officer Andre Wassouf, Officer Michael Maloney, Officer Brian Stubbs, Officer Rodney McQuate, Officer Michael MacKenzie, Officer Robert Lukacz, Officer Tim Cashman, Detective Steve Arnold, Detective Mark Newport, two members of the print media and Executive Assistant Carol Bryant.


Cowpea protein hydrolysates were prepared using thermolysin, alcalase, and trypsin and analysed for bioactive properties, and then, the release of bioactive peptides was investigated in silico. It was found that the degree of hydrolysis reached 48% after 24 h hydrolysis with alcalase. The hydrolysate prepared using alcalase showed higher ACE inhibitory (62%) and DPPH scavenging activity (19%). SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that vignin was the major protein in cowpea protein isolate. In silico analysis indicated the presence of potential bioactive peptides with potent bioactivity in the primary structure of proteins. The 3D structure of proteins was built, upon which bioactive peptides were mapped using their location in the primary structure. The secondary structure and solvent accessible surface around each bioactive peptide were then calculated. On this basis, the higher degree of hydrolysis and bioactive properties of cowpea protein hydrolysate prepared by alcalase were explained, and structural factors influencing the release of bioactive peptides were investigated.


Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) monochloro macroinitiators or PEO telechelic macroinitiators (Cl-PEO-Cl) were prepared from monohydroxyfunctional or dihydroxyfunctional PEO and 2-chloro propionyl chloride. These macroinitiators were applied to the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene (S). The polymerization was carried out in bulk at 140°C and catalyzed by Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) in the presence of 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) ligand (CuCl/bipy). The amphiphilic copolymers were either A-B diblock or A-B-A triblock type, where A block is polystyrene (PS) and B block is PEO. The living nature of the polymerizations leads to block copolymers with narrow molecular weight distribution (1.072 < Mw/Mn < 1.392) for most of the macroinitiators synthesized. The macroinitiator itself and the corresponding block copolymers were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and SEC analysis. By adjusting the content of the PEO blocks it was possible to prepare water-soluble/dispersible block copolymers. The obtained block copolymers were used to control paper surface characteristics by surface treatment with small amount of chemicals. The printability of the treated paper was evaluated with polarity factors, liquid absorption measurements, and felt pen tests. The adsorption of such copolymers at the solid/liquid interface is relevant to the wetting and spreading of liquids on hydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces. From our study, it is observed that the chain length of the hydrophilic block and the amount of hydrophobic block play an important role in modification of the paper surface. Among all of block copolymers synthesized, the PS-b-PEO-b-PS containing 10 wt % PS was found to retard water absorption considerably. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4304–4313, 2006


Internal Audit is an independent assessment function made within an organization or company with the aim of testing and evaluating the number of varios activities carried out by the organization or company. With the aim of assisting the management of the organization in providing accountability in an effective form. Internal Audt  activities are to provide recommendations and sses in order to improve the governance process of a company (Good Corporate Governance), in order to be able to achieve the goals and targets that have been previously set by te company. In the current era of globalization which has entered the 4.0 era, the developing business world has developed very rapidly. Therefore, in dealing with this, companies/business entities need to improve the implementation of Good Corporate Governance especially on the principles of transparency and accountability. The implementation of this matter is also influenced by the role of the internal auditor. The more the role of the Internal Auditor's performance in the company, the more application of these two principles will be. This research was conducted at PT. Bank Mega Syariah KC MEDAN. This company is company in a banking service. This research was conducted by taking data from the OJK and the website which focused on the application of the principle of accountability, and the role of internal auditors in supporting the implementation of these two principles. The research indicate that the implementation of the principles of transparency and accountability has beeb going well, and the role of Internal Auditors has supported implementation of these two principles.


The new relationship between government and public higher institution is quasi-supervise.The relationship of quasi-supervise is followed by quasi-market.It is a relationship between center and branch.By the means of quasi-supervise,the role of the government is transformed to supervisor by manager,the style of working is transformed to accountability by conduct,the task is transformed to guiding and accounting and incentive from decision-making,broadcasting and examination,etc.


It is likely that the vulnerable peoples live houses being worn and uncomfortable. Low heating efficiency is another weak point of such houses. To help the peoples, Seoul city government has recommended to do residential environment improvement. Driving forces of the project are the financial loan and financial aid by governments and the donation of money and valuables from citizen or enterprises. On the other hand, building industries are suffering from excess buildng materials of which are used as what it is after storage but a part thrown away as a construction waste. That is the reason that the Surplus Building Materials Bank(hereafter it is called SBMB) is proposed and supposed to do to collect the surplus and to use them for public purposes. However Seoul city government has never imagined how much building materials can be collected, who will found the SBMB, and whether the SBMB would be beneficial to economics and environments. This study was conducted on the basis of such questions above and a few findings are introduced here. There are 1,626 builders of interior architecture industry in Seoul. A questionnaire survey of 164 companies showed that interior architecture industry in Seoul purchase 173,325 tons of building materials(100%) annually and remain 6.4% of the purchased as the surplus. Most of the surplus are taken back to the sellers or used as it is after stock for a while, but it is inevitable to be disposed as much construction waste as 2.0% of the purchased building materials or 16,000 tons per year. A questionnaire survey was done for 100 households and answered that 10% of houses have kept the residual building materials after building construction or repair, accounting 41,160 tons. Another crucial finding is that 33,520 tons of building materials would be donated from building industries and house owners when the SBMB is open. Market price of the donated is estimated to be 159 billion Korean Won. Also running the SBMB would benefit national resource conservation, valuable use of land and space, waste minimization, and reduction of greenhouse gas emission meaningfully. Key rolls of SBMB are securing high-quality building materials, selling those materials with adequate sale margins, and open management. To secure high-quality building materials, it might be necessary partly to buy building materials in a reasonable price rather than fully relying on donation. Collected materials should not only be sold to common needers but also be donated to public projects for vulnerable peoples. However there is no experience on SBMB in Seoul. No one has a belief that SBMBs will settle down successfully in our society. Simulation results on income and outgo even implies that SBMB is not easy to make even. So this study does inevitablely recommend that Seoul city government try to do pilot projects to check if SBMB works in Seoul, to figure out how to run SBMB and to answer several questions mentioned above.


The serum lipid profiles of 269 pregnant women in North-eastern Nigeria were studied. Thirty-four apparently healthy non-pregnant women were used as control subjects. The results of the study show a significant increase in total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein and phospholipid levels of pregnant women relative to those of the control. While serum phospholipid showed a linear increase from the first trimester of pregnancy to the third, serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein each peaked at the second trimester. The mean serum high density lipoprotein level of pregnant women at second trimester, 0.92 0.06mmol/l was significantly lower than that of control subjects which was 1.43 0.10mmol/l. Changes in lipid metabolism during pregnancy are physiological and may be related to increased metabolic rate and the need to prepare the would-be mother for lactation.
Key Words: Serum lipids, pregnancy, North-eastern Nigeria.
(Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences: 2002 8(3): 315-318)


Abstract : Individualism-collectivism (IC) appears to be related to some important social problems. The development of a scale to measure it will allow tests of hypotheses concerning such relationships. Besides being a variable of individual difference, it is also a continuum along which the world's cultures can be placed. To be more specific, collectivism is a syndrome of attitudes and behaviors associated with a concern for others and the belief that the collective, not the individual, is the basic unit of survival. A paper-and- pencil test (INDCOL Scale) was developed to measure this multifaceted construct. As an instrument, the INDCOL Scale was shown to be sufficiently reliable and cross-culturally appropriate. Seven studies were done to be established the validity of the Scale. Collectivism, as measured by the Scale, correlated with interpersonal orientation and social interest; it was socially valued in Chinese society but not necessarily in American society. Moreover, it correlated with sharing of responsibility as well as the correspondence between obligation and behavioral intention. The assumption that various kinds of collectivism should be distinguished according to target persons was supported by the data.


Written in an easy-to-read style and with useful references to research, this book explores the issue of disclosure of sexual abuse.


We present and analyze ROSAT PSPC observations of eight Seyfert 2 galaxies, two Seyfert 1/QSOs, and one IR-luminous non-Seyfert galaxy. These targets were selected from the Extended 12 μm Galaxy Sample and, therefore, they have different multiwavelength properties from most (optically or X-ray-selected) Seyfert galaxies previously observed in the soft X-rays. The targets were also selected as having atypical X-ray fluxes among their respective classes, e.g., relatively X-ray-strong Seyfert 2s and X-ray-weak Seyfert 1/QSOs. Comparing our observations with those from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, we find variability (of a factor of 1.5-2 in flux) in both the Seyfert 1/QSOs, but in none of the Seyfert 2s. Both variable objects have steeper photon indices in the more luminous state, with the softest (< 1.0 keV) flux varying the most. The timescales indicate that the variable component arises from a region less than a parsec in size. Fitting the spectra to an absorbed power-law model, we find that both the Seyfert 2s and the Seyfert 1/QSOs are best fit with a photon index of 3.1-3.2. This is in agreement with the average photon index of a sample of Markarian Seyfert 2s observed by Turner, Urry, & Mushotzky, indicating that most Seyfert 2s, even those displaying a wide variety multiwavelength of characteristics, as well as some Seyfert 1/QSOs, have a photon index much steeper than the canonical (Seyfert 1) value of ∼1.7. One possible explanation is that these objects have a flatter continuum plus a soft (< 1.0 keV) excess in the form of high-EW iron and/or oxygen fluorescence lines, a blackbody or even a thermal plasma. Alternatively, the underlying continuum may indeed be steep, powered by a different physical mechanism than that which produces the flat continua in other Seyfert 1/QSOs. We imaged one Seyfert 2 (NGC 5005) with the ROSAT HRI, finding about 13% of the soft X-rays to come from an extended source. This object also has the most evidence from spectral fitting for an extra contribution to the soft X-ray flux in addition to a power-law component, indicating that different components to the soft X-ray spectrum of this object (and likely of other X-ray-weak Seyfert galaxies) may come from spatially distinct regions. © 1996. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.


Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is an imminent reliable precise biomarker for vascular inflammation involved in the development of unstable plaques in cardiovascular diseases. The atherosclerotic plaque formation, inflammation and rupture of arterial vessels lead to heart attacks and strokes in most of the cases. The vessel-specific inflammatory enzyme, Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 shoot ups in response to the rupture of arterial vessels having atherosclerotic plaques. The accurate measurement of Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 envisages the individual risk of a patient and the treatment can be customized based on the result.