SUMMARY Ez. 20 comprises two pericopes: (1) the elders' request and God's refusal to be consulted, clothed in a denunciation of Israel's history (1–31); (2) a communal lament that Israel may be assimilated into the heathen cults, met by an announcement of salvation which holds out the prospect of the true worship on the holy mountain (32–44). Both parts of the chapter constitute independent prophecies; are made up by different literary genres; and take root in a distinct Sitz-im-Leben. Their refined inward unity, built up by structure and topic, is largely demonstrated in the first two sections of the present article.—As for Vss. 27–29, it is argued that they offer a midrash-like explanation of the preceding verses where Israel is depicted as having gone from the desert straight into exile. The third section deals with the literary unity of the chapter as a whole. The inculpation of Israel's history (5–26) and the announcement of its salutary future (33–44) are liable to have become considered as a themat...


This research analyzed the responses of 96 subjects on a questionnaire in which they indicated (1) their own attitudes toward social and political issues, (2) their perceptions of attitudes of probable wearers of clothing shown in stimulus photographs, and (3) their own responses to types of clothing shown in the photographs. The subjects represented two types of students attending a large midwestern university: "conservatives," oriented to the established American culture, and "liberals," oriented to a counterculture. Data from the two types of subjects were contrasted and compared with data from a random sample of all students. Findings indicated that clothing communicated social and political attitudes among both types of students, those oriented to the established culture and those oriented to the counterculture. In addition, all subjects tended to like and wear types of clothes that they perceived to be consistent with their own attitudes. However, subjects with attitudes oriented to the countercul ture indicated more liking for and more wearing of clothing that reflected their own attitudes than did subjects oriented to the established culture.


It was shown some time ago that voluntary hyperventilation induces an elevation of the blood pH and a lowering of the bicarbonate concentration. 1 , 2 Since fever, whether due to disease or produced by various physical means, is also accompanied by similar changes in the blood pH and bicarbonate concentration, hyperventilation has been suggested as the cause of the disturbance and the condition is considered to be one of a primary CO2 deficit. 3 From the observations of Peters, Bulger, Eisenman and Lee 4 one infers that in instances of hyperventilation, the extent of the electrolyte changes depend upon the duration and intensity rather than the cause and nature of the hyperpnea. Hyperthermia produced by means of the Kettering Hypertherm has been employed by one of us (R.M.S.) in the treatment of certain diseases. It is common for the patients receiving this form of therapy to perspire profusely and to consume considerable quantities of fluid. Some individuals prefer to drink water while others prefer a dilute salt solution. Occasionally some of the patients show somewhat violent systemic disturbances. The present investigation was undertaken to observe the differences in the total acid-base balance of the blood and salt concentration of the sweat when water or a dilute salt solution was drunk by the patient. This is a preliminary report of the total acid-base balance changes of the serum obtained in 4 experiments on a single individual. In 2 of the experiments the patient was allowed to drink water and in the other 2 a 0.6% solution of sodium chloride. The body temperature was controlled at an average of 40°C. The serum acid-base changes observed when water was given were an elevation of the pH, a fall in the CO2 tension and a fall in the bicarbonate, chloride, and total base concentrations.


A generalization of the /spl Lscr//sub 2/-gain inequality utilizing "point to set" distances is applied to cope with systems with persistent excitation. This generalization is compared with notions of power gain introduced in Dower and James (1998). In particular it is found that the gain inequality associated with "point to set" distances freely admits a definition of available storage and allows the standard Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman PDE to be generalized in a simple way. Issues concerning stability are also addressed. The nature of the generalized /spl Lscr//sub 2/-gain inequality admits a simple understanding of stability, which is an improvement over the power gain generalization. However, casting optimal control problems is less satisfying in that it is more difficult to minimize the power generated by the system.


In embedded control systems, the potential risks of software defects have been increasing because of software complexity which leads to, for example, timing related problems. These defects are rarely found by tests or simulations. To detect such defects, we propose a modeling method which can generate software models for model checking with a program slicing technique based on a variable dependence graph. We have applied the proposed method to one case in automotive control software and demonstrated the effectiveness of the method. Furthermore, we developed a software tool to automate model generation and achieved a 35% decrease in total verification time on model checking.


Author/s: Eleonora Laura De Paola1, Giuseppe Montevecchi2,*, Giuseppe Vasile Simone1, Francesca Masino1,2, Davide Garbini3, Martino Barbanera3, Andrea Antonelli1,2 Affiliation: 1 Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy. 2 Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Biogest-Siteia, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy. 3 Coop Italia soc.coop., Via del Lavoro 6/8 – 40033 Casalecchio di Reno (Bologna), Italy Societal Challenge: NMBP: 01. Advanced Manufacturing and Processing INTRODUCTION As acrylamide is considered a carcinogen and neurotoxic, its level in food raises great concern although it still does not exist a legal limit for its concentration in foodstuffs. Acrylamide is a process contaminant, absent in raw foods and only formed during thermal processing due to Maillard reaction among reducing sugars (glucose, fructose) and L-asparagine (Mottram et al., 2002; Stadler et al., 2002). This work focuses on the development of a method for acrylamide determination in dried fruits based on a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) approach for sample preparation (Schenck et al., 2004) and HPLC-ESI-MS-Triple Quadrupole for sample analysis.


This report focuses on the solution of contamination problem on the developing International Space Station. It was demonstrated that the orientation thrusters and the reheling systems are the main contamination sources on the station. Experimental modeling of these real gasdynamic contamination processes was maid. The new concept was formulated and new technical solutions were found aimed to reduction of the total divergence angle of contaminating fractions. This would make possible to almost completely eliminate the Contamination of the Working Module of the International Space Station. Introduction The real investigations on the orbital space station MIR and modeling experiments [1,2] revealed that operation of its orientation thrusters is accompanied with exhaust into space of burned and non-burned (including droplets) particles which go throughout almost the whole sphere (from 0 to 180" relative the jet axis). The elements of the space station being exposed to the exhaust jet of the orientation thruster undergo the mechanical, physical and chemical impact, which of are, certainly, a negative factor for them. Existence of cold surfaces (even those beyond the stream field) may cause secondary processes of condensation and makes the contamination zone even larger. The radical solution of a problem consists, probably, in refusal of orientation thrusters on chemical fuel and transition to thrusters of other type, for example, electrical on chemical neutral gases with large molecular weight xenon, krypton, argon, fulleren C60 etc. But in this case there is a problem of electrophysical effect of an exhaust plume on construction elements of orbital station. However at the present stage of development of space engineering it is quite expedient to raise the question about elimination (in a limit exception) negative influence of a plume of orientation thrusters on construction elements of orbital station. It is possible to solve this problem by limiting an angle of expansion of contaminating fractions. The engineering solution of this idea consists in the installation on an output part of the nozzle of orientation thruster of special gasdynamical protecting devices. At the same time this gasdynamical protecting devices should not change the parameters of orientation thruster, first of all thrust vector and its value (specific impulse). As far as it is known to the authors, earlier idea of use gasdynamical protecting devices for limitation of an angle of expansion of contaminating fractions and, accordingly, elimination of contamination of orbital station was not considered and was not realized. This paper is devoted mainly to the experimental solution of the shown idea. 0-7803-5729-9/99/$10.00


Objective We assessed whether fibroids alter specific sonographic characteristics in the diagnosis of adenomysis. Methods Eighty-three Patients with the adenomyosis were evaluated and compared with the pathological results. Results Some characteristics were observed. Forty-eijht specimens contained adenomyosis, thirty-five specimens contained fibroids. The coincidence rate of ultrasonogry in diagnosing adenomyosis and adenomyosis contained fibroids was 91.6% and 71.4%.Conclusion Fibroids limit the ability to diagnose the adenomyosis.


Oral Communication is a new course which starts with the qualities and requirements of trans-century talents and combines the characteristics of vocational students. The oral communication competence relates to the learning, working and life, so training secondary vocational students' oral communication ability is vital. But due to the characteristics of these students, the course teaching still rested on the level of knowledge imparting and didn't make students indeed speak. The paper starts from the learning situation to use different interactive methods to change the traditional cramming teaching, hoping to make the Oral Communication course become a real ability training course.


The inhibition of the corrosion of auminium aloy by ethanolic extract of Striga hermonthica has been studied using gravimetric and thermometric. The results of the study reveals that the different concentrations of the plant extract of Striga hermonthica inhibits Aluminium alloy corrosion. Inhibition efficiency of the extract was found to vary with concentration, temperature and time of immersion. Values of activation energy of the inhibited corrosion reaction of aluminium alloy were greater than the value obtained for the blank. Thermodynamic consideration reveals that the adsorption of Striga hemonthica extract on aluminium alloy was spontaneous and obeyed the langmiur adsorption isotherm. Physical adsorption mechanism was proposed for the adsorption of the inhibitor. Keywords: corrosion inhibition, Aluminium alloy, adsorption isotherm, Striga hermonthica.


The diversities of insect communities of 4 kinds of degraded ecosystems in Arid-hot Valleys along Heqing Reach of the Jinshajiang River were studied.158 species were found in the 7351 captured specimens.The results indicated that the maximum of species diversity index and evenness index were found in the natural secondary forest,and the minimum of predominant index as well.The species diversity of insect community in the shrubbery was higher than that in the reforest land and the scrub and grass clump.Species richness,diversity indices and evenness indices in each degraded ecosystems in the rainy season were higher than those in the dry season,while predominant indices were lower.Predominant orders and predominant species were different among the different degraded ecosystems and between the rainy season and the dry season.During the degraded ecosystems restoring,species diversity of insect communities in those ecosystems was influenced by the vegetation components and the degree of disturbance that the ecosystems were received.Maybe certain predominant insects could impede the restoration of the degraded ecosystems.It was active for insects species diversity preservation that foresting shrubbery in the Arid-hot Valleys along the Jinshajiang River.


Spermatogenesis is a highly efficient and intricate process in the testis by which mature spermatozoa are produced daily to maintain lifelong male fertility. Essential to this process are spermatogonia capable of both proliferation and differentiation. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms for spermatogonial proliferation and differentiation remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of non-coding small RNAs with regulatory functions by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the target mRNA. Previous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are capable of modulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, but the roles of individual miRNAs in spermatogonial fate determination remain largely elusive. Here, by using a mouse spermatogonial cell line (GC-1), we investigated the role for miRNA-382 in spermatogonial proliferation. We found that pre-miRNA-382 was expressed in spermatogonia. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrated Kmt5a but not Top1 as a target gene of miRNA-382. Overexpression of miRNA-382 by transfecting a miRNA mimic downregulated Kmt5a at both RNA and protein levels, and further reduced the proliferation and viability of spermatogonia. Knockdown of Kmt5a by RNA interference (RNAi) resulted in a uniform phenotype in spermatogonia. We therefore conclude that miRNA-382 inhibits the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia by targeting Kmt5a. Our finding extends the knowledge about the regulatory roles of miRNAs in spermatogonia and lays the groundwork for diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.


FOXL2 is a member of the large family of winged helix/forkhead transcription factors involved in ovarian development and function.Herein we cloned the FOXL2 from the giant panda genome.The FOXL2 was sequenced,analyzed and expressed in E.coli BL21 and in HEK293 cells.The ORF of FOXL2 was inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a(+) to constructed recombinant expression plasmid pET-32a(+)-FOXL2 and expressed in E.coli BL21 by IPTG induction.A recombinant eukaryotic expression vector FOXL2-pcDNA3.1/V5-His C was constructed,the recombinant plasmid was transfected into HEK293 cells with Lipofectamine 2000 and the fusion protein was identified by Western blot analysis.SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant FOXL2 was highly expressed at 4 hours after IPTG induction and the expressed product of FOXL2 was about 58.9 kDa which was recognized by His monoclonal antibody.The results could be useful for further study of the bioactivity and application of FOXL2.


The purpose of this study is to analyze students' perception on traditional and alternative assessment as a tool to evaluate students' abilities. The respondents of this research are students of English language education. The problem of this study is students' perception on traditional and alternative assessment. This study uses qualitative approach and the data were obtained through questionnaire and interview from 462 students 4th semester and it took 20% out of it. The total respondent of this research is 92 out of English language education students over than 4th semesters, and 18 out of 92 interviewed. The result of the research served descriptively, regarding the two types of assessment that applied in their classroom, traditional assessment; multiple choice, essay, fill in the blank, short answer, etc. and alternative assessment; computer based test, portfolio, and group project. The results indicated that the two types of assessment cannot be compared in the same time. Both of these two types of assessments is needed to aply even though the result showed that the alternative one gives more positive value on students' perception than traditional one. Based on the research findings, some recommendations for the faculty as policy maker, the students, and the lectures are finally presented.


Distributed environments often require collection of large amounts of critical and raw data from multiple locations to a central clearinghouse, e.g., task results or large datasets from multiple clouds, logs from multiple PlanetLab nodes, video transcripts in tele-immersive settings, etc. We present the design, implementation and evaluation of Confluence, a system for rapid and lossless transfer of unique files from multiple source nodes to a single sink node. First, we formally model the multi-source single-sink data collection problem for a static network and present an optimal solution in terms of total transfer time. Second, we build in mechanisms to make the system workable in dynamic networks. The resulting Confluence system builds an adaptive source-2-source (s2s) overlay amongst participating nodes, which exploits spatial as well as temporal heterogeneity of available bandwidth. We conduct an evaluation of Confluence on PlanetLab traces in ns-2. Results show that Confluence can improve total transfer time by as much as 40% (with up to 50 sources).


RE CEJVED U{!'~3t/tL LBL-6971 Submitted to Journal of Chemical 'Physics L':\ VJ t ?ENCE p,r.- . , . ~ tA BORAro:~y Preprmt co, J MAI~ ( 8, I.l.RY AND Duf. ..,:U tvIENTS SECTION QUANTUM MECHANICAL REACfIVE SCATTERING VIA EXCHANGE KERNELS: APPLICATION TO THE . COLLINEAR H + H2 REACfrON 13ruce C. Garrett and William H. Miller October '1977 Prepared for the U. S. Department of Energy . under Contract W-740S-ENG-48 For Reference Not to be taken from tbis room


A presentation from three different University of Pittsburgh campuses highlighting the ways they are addressing library anxiety and supporting first-year students through outreach initiatives and information literacy instruction.


The effect of economic diversification on regional economic development has received considerable attention from regional scientists and a number of themes have emerged in recent literature. It is widely believed that fluctuations in regional employment and economic growth can be reduced by increasing the diversity of the economic base of the region. Several approaches have been developed to measure regional economic diversity.


fundamental works that marked the scientific career of Pierre-Gilles. He recalled his impact on chemistry and industry, and his great passion for science. Professor Friedel reports on the fundamental contributions of Pierre-Gilles on magnetism made in Nuclear Research Center of Saclay. Professors de Gennes and Friedel together pioneered works on resistivity anomalies in certain magnetic metals. Professor Deutscher presents a survey on the study of surface bound states in non-conventional superconductors. Such a study was inspired from early work by de Gennes and Saint-James. Professor Bok reports on the main properties of high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprates studied by Deutsher and de Gennes. He also discusses the predictions of this model. Professors Guyon, Hulin and Roux discuss applied percolation theory to random media. Pierre-Gilles has the merit to develop the percolation theory to describe the sol-gel transition. Professor Balibar presents a survey on the contributions of Pierre-Gilles to supersolidity. In particular, he explains de Gennes' idea about this subject. Professor Lubensky describes the essential of some analogy made by Pierre-Gilles between superconductors and smectics-A. This powerful analogy allowed the description of nematic-smectic-A transition in liquid crystals. Finally, Professor Pieranski reports on the nematodynamics and explains the impact of Pierre-Gilles on this subject. I might have two criticisms to make. First, the preface could focus only on works by Pierre-Gilles on solids. Second, the section on liquid crystals could be relegated to the second volume, since this field is classified as a soft matter. To sum up, I say that the present textbook offers to readers an overview and a panorama on the prestigious works of Professor Pierre-Gilles that marked forever Solid State Physics and Liquid Crystals.


The authors have measured the hydrogen/deuterium fractionation factor for the rapidly exchanging, water ligands of cobalt in Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} and in two Co(II)-substituted isozymes of carbonic anhydrase. The fractionation factor was determined from NMR relaxation rates at 300 MHz of the protons of water in mixed solutions of H{sub 2}O and D{sub 2}O containing these complexes. In each case, the paramagnetic contribution to 1/T{sub 2} was greater than to 1/T{sub 1}, consistent with a chemical shift mechanism affecting 1/T{sub 2}. The fractionation factors obtained from T{sub 1} for Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} and for the isozymes of Co(II)-substituted carbonic anhydrase were close to the fractionation factor for bulk water which is unity. The fractionation factors obtained from T{sub 2} were 0.73 {plus minus}0.02 for Co(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{sup 2+} and 0.72 {plus minus} 0./02 for Co(II)-substituted carbonic anhydrase I, with a value of 0.77 {plus minus} 0.01 for isozyme II. They concluded that fractionation factors in these cases determined from T{sub 1} and T{sub 2} measured isotope preferences for different populations of ligand sites. They suggest that since T{sub 2} has a large contribution from a chemical shift mechanism, the fractionation factor determined from T{sub 2} has a largemore » contribution of the fractionation of inner-shell ligands. The fractionation factors determined from T{sub 1} are close to unity, the value of the fractionation factor of bulk water, and contain a large contribution of the fractionation of outer-shell water.« less


Field excitation and bulk current injection (BCI) on a wire bundle are analytically compared. The equivalence of the two excitation techniques is investigated in order to ascertain the validity of using current injection testing rather than radiated immunity testing for an equipment connected at one end of the bundle. The wire bundle is modeled as a multiconductor transmission line which, throughout the analysis, is treated as a multiport device. The equivalence is discussed by comparing the effects that the sources produce at the terminal ports, with the aim to control the clamp voltage in order to match the incident field characteristics. This approach yields general results, which are not affected by any assumptions on the terminal networks. It is shown that one injection probe is not sufficient to assure the equivalence in the general case, but it is possible, although practically difficult, to achieve this result by employing two injection probes. In the simpler but more specific case of linear terminations, a test procedure is proposed which allows equivalence by using a single injection current probe. Since the ideal BCI procedure must represent a worst-case stress analysis for the equipment under test, the possibility of adopting BCI tests to reproduce the upper envelope of the radiation-induced currents is also investigated. In this case practical difficulties are evidenced and arise from the need of feeding the injection probes with a complicated frequency-dependent power distribution.


Referencing the successful experience of community shopping center and convenience market,the paper originally suggests a new community commerce model: community mini retail center.The meaning,characteristics,operating mode and competitive advantage of community mini retail center are discussed.


OBJECTIVE To study the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the water and ethanol extract of Radex Berberis Amurensis in mice.METHODS Observed the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the water and ethanol extract of Radex Berberis Amurensis on swelling of ears in mice induced by xylene and croton oil,writhing test and hot-plate test.RESULTS Water and ethanol extract of Radex Berberis Amurensis can significantly inhibit the swelling of ears in mice induced by xylene and croton oil,and remarkably reduce the times of twisting body induced by acetic acid,and significantly increase the pain threshold.CONCLUSION Water and ethanol extract of Radex Berberex Amurensis show a certain anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.


Nicotine and three major metabolites, cotinine and both isomers of nicotine‐N‐oxide, were found in the urine of healthy adults who had consumed tobacco snuff. The ratio of the metabolites was similar to that found in smoker's urine. Nicotine must, therefore, be absorbed from snuff through the nasal mucous membrane.


The development of teacher professional learning communities (PLC) has attracted growing attention among practitioners, policy-makers and researchers. The aims of this study were to identify typologies of professional learning teams based on measures of professional learning engagement, and assess their linkages with teachers' value orientations. Based on data obtained from 408 professional learning teams in Singapore schools, cluster analysis identified three types of professional learning teams: highly engaged, moderately engaged and less engaged. These three profiles differ mainly in terms of level of endorsement for the four measures of professional learning engagement (collective focus on student learning, collaborative learning, reflective dialogue and shared values and vision). Results revealed that highly engaged professional learning teams reported the highest levels of endorsement for all four engagement measures. Teachers among the learning teams in the highly engaged profile reported a significantly higher level of uncertainty avoidance than those in the moderately engaged and less engaged profiles. Teachers in the less engaged profile also reported a significantly higher level of power distance than those in the highly engaged teams. Multinomial logistic regression analysis found that team power distance and team uncertainty avoidance were significant predictors of engagement profile membership. The implications for fostering effective teacher development through more systematic support of PLC are discussed.


Accelerated rehabilitation after ACL surgery was initially advocated by Shelbourne and Nitz.11 Since that time, it has become standard practice to accelerate the rehabilitation after ACL surgery because complications of flexion contracture, quadriceps weakness, and arthrofibrosis are seen less frequently after an accelerated rehabilitation program than after more traditional ACL rehabilitation protocols. In clinical practice, however, some physicians and therapists are employing a more unbridled, aggressive approach to rehabilitation than was originally advocated.


A capacitor disclosed herein, including an electrode and a conductive material in combination with the quaternary ammonium tosylate is made of activated carbon, and a method of manufacturing the capacitor. This method can be prepared without special electrode with high capacitance equipment. The capacitor shows a high specific capacitance and high energy density.


Kerala reported India's first COVID-19 case on 30 January, 2020. Since then, the state has 10,72,436 total confirmed cases with 95.51% recovery and 0.4% mortality rate as reported on 06 March 2021. Built on decades of investment in public health, the state is handling the COVID-19 crisis in a commendable way with large support from the community. To trace, quarantine, test, isolate and treat is mentioned as state's strategy to fight against COVID-19. The state had developed a three tier system for treatment of patients in the initial stages of the disease outbreak. The three tiers being 1) COVID Care Centres for quarantining exposed individuals, 2) COVID First Line Treatment Centres for treatment of asymptomatic/ mildly or moderately symptomatic patients 3) COVID Hospitals for treatment of severe and critically ill patients. ABSTRACT


In section 2 of Critique of the Power of Judgment (1790) Immanuel Kant refers to the Iroquois sachem declaring that what pleased him in Paris were cook-shops, not palaces. For Kant the sachem seems to be a barbarian ensnared by his appetite and incapable of disinterested pleasure. This essay, however, argues first that Kant, extracting this episode from "The History of New France" (1744) written by French Jesuit missionary Charlevoix, tacitly advocates the idea of the noble savage, thereby giving the Iroquois sachem the function of criticizing a luxurious civilization. Second, the essay shows that in the "General Remark on the Exposition of Aesthetic Reflective Judgments" Kant evaluates positively a castaway Crusoe as a person who withdraws from civilized society, conscious of the fact that society is far from being a moral ideal. The Iroquois sachem and the castaway Crusoe are examples that anticipate section 83 in the second part of his Critique of the Power of Judgment, which focuses on the role of the faculty of taste in the process of civilization, thereby incorporating into his whole system the theory of taste as expounded in the first part.


The Ways of Improving Utility Wastewater Treatment and Improvement of Biological Cleanup Technology for High-Water Pistia (Pistia stratiotes L), Eichornia and Waterproof Azure Wils Resilience through biological treatment methods.


Combined with the originating technique for the shield structure in the fourth contract sect of 1# line of Shenyang underground, through the analysis on the technique difficulty of the construction about originating technique for the shield structure, this paper mainly introduced the construction technics and key technique and put forward the corresponding preventive measures for the familiar questions.


We improve the regularity criterion for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in the full three-dimensional space involving the gradient of one velocity component. The method is based on recent results of Cao and Titi [see "Regularity criteria for the three dimensional Navier–Stokes equations," Indiana Univ. Math. J. 57, 2643 (2008)] and Kukavica and Ziane [see "Navier-Stokes equations with regularity in one direction," J. Math. Phys. 48, 065203 (2007)]. In particular, for s∊[2,3], we get that the solution is regular if ∇u3∊Lt(0,T;Ls(R3)), 2/t+3/s≤2312.


Guardianship laws and the process of alternative decision-making by guardianship authorities pose a dilemma for those promoting inclusion of people with disabilities. While guardianship is considered an important means of protecting people who are unable to manage their own affairs, the manner in which the decisions are made has a direct effect on position of people with disabilities. The success of the Australian guardianship tribunals would appear to be a result of the participatory setting and the inclusive attitude adopted by the tribunals. It is argued that this success is consistent with the republican citizenship model which incorporates a socially inclusive set of aspirations.


An optimal control algorithm is derived which minimizes at each time instant the one-stage k-step-ahead performance index for the state-space representation of the CARMA model. Equivalence of the input-output representation in its asymptotic form and in the Clarke-Hastings-James algorithm is proved. Formulae for computing the output and control variances at any time instant for both optimal and asymptotic algorithms are given. The results are illustrated by a numerical example.


ABSTRACT This article forms part of a larger qualitative, conceptual project that investigates the ways in which Laban Movement Analysis (LMA) can contribute to the larger field of dance research and education with reference to dance, new technologies and particularly notions of space in screendance. Screendance refers to a dance that is specifically made for the camera or the screen, or rendered in either film, video or digital technologies, resulting in a form that is both screen related and kinesthetic. This article aims to introduce an alternative vocabulary for observing and analysing the ways in which screendance and specifically, Rosas danst Rosas, utilises space. Observation within the context of LMA refers to recognising changes regarding the Body, Effort, Shape and Space patterns observable in a mover. Therefore, this observational and analytical approach facilitates an awareness regarding the specific spatial, temporal and dynamic qualities attributed to the movements, gestures and expressions perceived in Rosas danst Rosas. This article demonstrates the applicability and efficacy of LMA as a framework for observing and analysing screendance as a hybrid of dance and screen, with reference to space in Rosas danst Rosas.


Dust collecting apparatus for a vacuum cleaner according to the invention, with the inlet air from the outside of the space turning increases the cyclone chamber, the cyclone body where the space is increased dirt is separated during the turning of the air loading garbage collection chamber formed within the , is disposed in the upper portion of the dust collection chamber is disposed in the interior of the cyclone body cyclone passes that cyclone chamber therein formed to be mutually separated from the dust collection chamber, through the outer wall of the cyclone body to the lower end of the outer suction flow path and the cyclone chamber and the air inlet pipe to communicate the air can be connected, by sequentially through the cyclone through the bottom surface of the bottom surface and the cyclone body comprises an air discharge pipe to guide the air discharged from the cyclone chamber to the outside exhaust channel of the cyclone body, the dirt collection chamber through the dust discharge port formed at the upper side of the cyclone chamber Stand is connected. With this structure, because the cyclone chamber and the dirt collection chamber is configured in a mutually independent spaces, so that the dirt loading in the dust collection chamber to be re-scattered by the flow of air to be prevented from flowing into the cyclone chamber. Vacuum cleaner, the dust collecting apparatus, a cyclone, a cyclone tube, the dirt collection chamber, the support ribs


Based on analyzing the existing Ⅰ and Ⅱ inverters,the principle and structure of a new type Ⅲ inverter is proposed.The design method of its driven circuit and its application in the electrical machines drives system are described.


This study investigates the challenges faced by users of electronic payment platforms of Nigerian banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Four specific purposes and four research questions were posed to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research using quantitative approach. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by an expert of measurement and evaluation from Federal College of Education (Tech.), Omoku and a marketer from Ecobank Nig, Bayelsa branch. Cronbach alpha was used to obtain a reliability index of 0.86 for the instrument. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that challenges faced by users of ATM machines for e-payment are poor network, waiting time on ATM queues, lack of provision of slips with updated balance after ATM transaction, insufficient number of ATM machines within banks, poor working conditions of available ATM machines within banks, and delay in reversal of ATM error transactions. The results also revealed that challenges faced using POS for e-payments are misused of personal information at POS terminals, prolonged period of reversing wrong or failed transactions, and malfunctioning of POS machines. The results also revealed that poor customer's information protection, unsecured internet transaction, difficulty of generating tokens, time spent on web page response, poor handling of internet banking complains by customer's service unit lack of physical back-ups for internet transaction, poor access to internet service, and poor bank's web content are challenges faced using internet banking for e-payments in Rivers State. The study also revealed that challenges faced using mobile banking apps for e-payment in Rivers State are poor quality of mobile banking apps, consistent update of mobile banking apps, payment limits on USSD and mobile banking apps, vulnerability of mobile banking transaction to activities of fraudsters, mobile phone virus, difficulty of navigation of mobile banking app's content and bureaucratic process of resolving wrong transactions. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Banks in Rivers State should champion the provision of good smartphones, computers and original antivirus in collaboration with tech companies to their customers at subsidize rate with a flexible repayment policy.

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After a drug advanced chemoembolization for which the composition ratio of the raw materials by weight: Codonopsis 4.2-12.5%, 2.7-6.5%, herb, Atractylodes 2.7-6.5%, 4.2-12.5% Polyporus, Poria 4.2-12.5 % 2.64.5% Pinellia, Citrus 4-6.7%, Radix 2.6-4.5% 4.2-12.5% white peony root, angelica 4.2-12.5% 4.2-12.5% barley, wormwood 4.2-12.5%, Paeonia 2.7-6.5% 2.7-6.5% turmeric, Gallus gallus 2.7-6.5%, coke Sansen 8.4-18.7%, 1.6-2.7% licorice, therefore, be able to protect the patient's liver function, enhance the efficacy, improve quality of life and prolong the patient's life, to reduce the financial burden of families, especially for the advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after chemoembolization with.


Food is heterogeneous mixture of complex chemicals that react with one another or with any other chemical comes into direct contact with them. Fresh and processed foods are exposed to various storage and processing conditions that may trigger reactions between chemicals or may facilitate movement of active micro molecules from the package surfaces into the food. The primary aim for packaging food is to extent it shelf life by protecting it wholesomeness in such a way that safe food will reach consumer's table. This can be achieved by creating packaging atmosphere that will maintain the levels and quality of all the nutrients present, avoid changes in the chemical composition and prevent entrance of any foreign material. Interaction between food and packaging materials is highly undesirable and it draws more attention when the composition of the migrants is unknown or was not proved to be safe. Packaging materials are required to be absolutely inert so that they will not interact in any way with the food. Scientific evidences proved that food components can react with some packaging materials and produced chemicals that may be dangerous to consumers. Chemicals in some food contact surfaces do not really react with the food but they do release poisonous chemicals into the food when they come into direct contact. The extent of food contamination by package's chemicals in both flexible and rigid packaging materials depend on nature and composition of the food, nature and composition of the packaging material and properties of the storage or processing conditions.


by comparing siblings whose mothers smoked in one but not in subsequent pregnancies and found that hyperactivity. short attention span, and lower scores on spelling and reading tests were more frequent for the children whose mother had smoked during pregnancy. but the differences were relatively small, the test scores being only 2 to 4 percent lower. Dunn also studied neurological and electroencephalographic abnormalities among 6-year-old children of smokers and found these conditions to be slightly more common in the children of mothers who had smoked during pregnancy, but again the differences were not statistically significant. Small sample sizes in many of these studies and the relative infrequency of the events of interest limit interpretation of the studies (Dunn et al. 1977).


This Special Issue is the third in a series of literature reviews designed to identify relevant social science theories that provide a multi-disciplinary understanding of major social problems as they impact human behavior and the social environment. The first Special Issue (published as issues 1–2 of volume 16) focused on theories of poverty, and the second (published as issue 1 of volume 19) addressed theories of disabilities, both issues reflecting the social science theories from the disciplines of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each issue represents the work of a talented group of doctoral students who searched the social science literature for the most current and comprehensive theories that can inform our understanding of social problems. The audiences for these Special Issues are faculty and students involved in courses on human behavior and the social environment as they search for theories that can inform practice. In addition, the conceptual frameworks found in each article reflect the interrelationships of key concepts from each discipline that can inform our understanding of immigration. The social problem focus of these Special Issues dates back to the early years of the social work profession when practice was defined by the social problems emerging in a rapidly industrializing society. As the profession achieved greater specialization over time, there has been a tendency to overlook the ways in which social problems affect the clients served in many of our agencies. For example, today we do not have agencies solely devoted to eradicating poverty or dealing with the consequences of multiple disabilities. The same is true for the many social problems related to immigration. The topic of immigration was selected for several reasons. First, we cannot ignore the impact of immigration on our social institutions (e.g., schools, hospitals, and prisons) as we seek to respond to multiple waves of immigration primarily from south of our border and from Pacific Rim countries. Second, there is renewed interest in Congress to find ways to address immigration that is responsive to the needs of our marketplace and the needs of those risking their lives to enter our country in search of a better way of life. We have a difficult time remembering that we are a nation of immigrants when we see multiple examples of anti-immigrant sentiments. If we look around our communities, we see immigrants collecting our garbage, picking our crops, rebuilding our homes, providing child care, mowing our lawns, slaughtering our animals, washing our dishes and cooking our food in restaurants, and shouldering many of the menial tasks that we no longer


Existing study examines the sound effects of external factors related to Herzberg's two-factor theory on employees of food industries. For this purpose seven point Likert scale is employed. The test of reliability is accompanied for realizing the consistency level of extrinsic factors as independent variables and employees' performance as dependent variable. Further, Pearson correlation, Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA), t test and multiple regression techniques are conducted for analysis.The results found that all extrinsic factors have positive and significant effects on employees. This study delivers huge amount of information on the significance of extrinsic factors for enlightening the employees' performance.


Economic, technological, and regulatory changes in the international airline industry, along with corresponding changes in telecommunications and information processing, have been important contributors to the overall globalization of the world economy. The international airline industry itself has been globalizing in the past twenty years, and the pace of its globalization has accelerated in the 1990s. This paper argues that strategic alliances are an important contributor to the globalization of this industry because they allow carriers quick and low-cost access to markets globally and because they permit carriers to bypass regulatory restrictions against entry and cross-border mergers and acquisitions. However, reliance on strategic alliances as the primary vehicle for globalization may be a mixed blessing if they suppress competition. This paper explores the impact of strategic alliances on competition using several definitions of the relevant market. It also assesses the impact of the U.S. Department of Transportation's current policies on maintaining adequate competition in such markets. Our analysis suggests that strategic alliances will increase competition on a regional basis. They also are likely to increase competition on a country-pair basis as long as an open skies accord exists in that country-pair market. Their impact is less clear when the relevant market is defined as the city-pair. Passengers whose origin and destination involve at least one city that is not a hub of the two partners will likely benefit from the strategic alliance. However, any strategic alliance will inevitably create antitrust problems for true O&D passengers flying between the partners' gateway hubs. The paper then discusses several criteria that may mitigate the antitrust concerns in such markets. The paper's overall conclusion is that while strategic alliances between carriers from different countries improve the quality of service offered to many passengers, they also hold that the potential for reducing competition in some circumstance even if an open skies accord is in existence.


The mining methods for comment text polarity are usually used to adopted supervised learning algorithms, but supervised learning algorithms require significant manual labor marked the training set, and its text set in dealing with will be also faced with dimension disaster, sparse vector, high spatial and temporal complexity, low recall and precision rates that cannot be used for a flood of text polarity classification task. In response to these circumstances, this article will introduce a new polarity clustering algorithm for text of the Chinese commentary, constructed specifically for the Chinese comment on the polarity of the text polarities dictionary meaning of words, a criterion function based on semantic means clustering K-means algorithm. The study is the use of semantic clustering method based on Chinese texts deal with a subjective exploration. The methodologies of experiment, statistics, and analysis are used to do this research. The results of experiment showed that average recall rate of 81.22%, average accuracy rate of 67.76%, indicating that the algorithm is feasible and effective.


Active thiourea uptake by Chlorella fusca var. vacuolata was accompanied by a simultaneous uptake of protons. The ratio of uptake of protons: uptake of thiourea was 0.92 (average of 5 experiments). The half maximal rate of proton uptake occurred at a thiourea concentration of 62 μM. Rate of thiourea uptake was highest at pH 5.5 and fell to 20% of the maximal rate as pH was increased to 8.0. It is concluded that thiourea is transported into Chlorella by a proton cotransport system similar to that known for glucose transport.


Artemisia verlotorum, popularly 'infalivina', is a medicinal herb used for respiratory, circulatory and digestive treatments. Antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of A. verlotorum aqueous extracts in three different concentrations (6, 32 and 48 g/L) were evaluated on the Allium cepa cell cycle. Results clearly showed a significant difference using the χ2 test (p = 0.05) among treatments with a decrease in the mitotic index as the concentration of the extract increased. Extracts of A. verlotorum proved to be genotoxic and showed antiproliferative potential on the A. cepa cell cycle. This study suggests the use of infusions of A. verloturum for medicinal purposes only after selecting suitable concentrations.


Suppose that ℌ is a complex Hilbert space and that 𝔅(ℌ) denotes the bounded linear operators on ℌ. In this paper we show that if 𝒜 ⊆ 𝔅(ℌ) is an abelian algebra with elements that admit representations under which they have a spanning set of eigenvectors, and if 𝒜 has the property that given any bounded representation ϱ: 𝒜 → 𝔅(ℌϱ) of 𝒜 on a Hilbert space ℌϱ, every invariant subspace of ϱ(𝒜) is topologically complemented by an invariant subspace of ϱ(𝒜), then 𝒜 is similar to an abelian C*‐algebra. From this it follows that any amenable Banach algebra of triangular operators on a separable Hilbert space is similar to an abelian C*‐algebra.


Polarization switching in polycrystalline PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films on Pt-coated Si substrates was studied by switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SSPFM). Acquisition of multiple hysteresis loops allows polarization switching parameters, including nucleation, coercive biases, and switchable response to be mapped in real space. In contrast to measurements made on the free surface, those on the metal-ferroelectric-metal capacitor structures show the evolution of correlated switching of 102–103 grain clusters with well-defined imprint and nucleation biases. The role of substrate bending on clustering and SSPFM detection mechanisms are discussed. These studies demonstrate real-space imaging of mesoscopic polarization reversal in real-world devices.


Background For decades, child labor has been an important global issue associated with inadequate educational opportunities, poverty and gender inequality. In order to make effective policies to reduce child labor it is important to understand the specific factors that affect it.  We aimed to investigate the main factors affecting child labor n Iran. Materials and Methods There are authoritative websites on the topic of working children in Iran, including the WHO, UNFPA, UNDP, Web of Science, ProQuest, Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL databases for reviewing studies conducted in Iran. Articles from internal dissertations and Google's databases, SID, Magiran, and Iran Doc during the period 1985 to June 2019 were included. Quality of studies was reviewed by the STROBE checklist. Information was extracted by two blind researchers. Results A total of 9 studies were identified (including 17, 219 on child labor), the majority of which were cross-sectional. Affecting factors on child labor and Street children were grouped into four categories such as "Family problems", "Urbanization", "Social and Cultural", and "Personality". Conclusion In the contemporary Iranian society, many children, for some reasons including personal, family, social and cultural, and urbanization problems, are involved with important social damages such a child labor. These factors make children vulnerable and endanger the health of the community.


PURPOSE: To provide a continuous cutting device capable of continuously cutting a delivered cut article at a special desired angle without stopping the delivered cut article. CONSTITUTION: A cutting means 9 of a water jet and others, a transfer means 3 to transfer the cutting means 9, a displacing means 10 to position the cutting means 9 by way of inclining it at a specified angle and a control means to compute the specified angle and others or to control the displacing means 10 and others are included. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Educational institutions have come to realize the potential benefits of using Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). When used correctly, VLE may transform learning experience of students into a more enjoyable, satisfying and effective setting. This paper evaluated students' satisfaction on the use of VLE as a support technology in teaching students in the Graduate School. Procedures involved in the study include installation of a Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE) package, customizing the VLE and determining the students' satisfaction. The instrument used for data collection was the developed online questionnaire. A total of 67 Master of Business Administration (MBA) students of Batangas State University (BatStateU) enrolled in the course Management Control and Information System (MCIS) for the period of 2011-2013 served as the respondents of this study. The VLE is found to be effective as a supportive tool to supplement traditional classroom instruction as revealed by satisfied students. Positive attitude is exhibited on the use of VLE regardless of gender. On the other hand, young and experienced users of e-learning platforms tend to be difficult to satisfy with regards to the use of VLE. Keywords: e-learning, virtual learning environment, satisfaction


This study was initiated with encountering and identifying the analogous external characteristic of Mario Botta's projects. Mario Botta managed to amalgamate the experience that he gained while he was under the three masters and his architectural talent to generate his own architectural style and expression. Also he created his own individual, unique style of the exterior expression. Generally, Mario Botta's projects exterior are symmetrical with the big openings, the element of loggia that is placed on the main elevation. Brick, Stone and concrete are the most used materials on Mario Botta's project and various patterns are created through using them variously. Considering the locality, tradition and the inhabitants of the project context important, makes Mario Botta one of the architects that critical regionalism theorist, Kenneth Frampton, mentioned as one of critical regionalism representative architects. Mostly, tectonic expression aspect of the critical regionalism in Mario Botta's architecture has been studied. This paper will investigate the exterior side of the projects, the exterior expression and strive to interpret the intention behind Botta's exteriors through critical regionalism perspective and to study whether the elevation expressions are adapted to Kenneth Frampton essay on critical regionalism theory and help for better understanding of Mario Botta's architecture and in designing various exterior envelopes.


The topic was hybrid corn. In 1949, the open pollinated varieties of sweet corn are gradually being replaced by improved sweet corn hybrids. Varieties of poor as well as excellent quality exist in both open pollinated and hybrid sorts. Although the best open pollinated varieties are better than many hybrids, they are generally inferior to the better hybrids in the various maturity seasons. For a complete succession of maturities, five selected hybrids
would mature over a period of about four weeks.


The conventional explanation of aerodynamic lift based on Bernoulli's law has important mistakes, which are pointed out. Lift is be explained here in a coherent way using Newton's laws. We show that the higher streaming velocity at the upper side of an aerofoil is the consequence but not the cause of the lower pressure. The cause of lift is the downward acceleration of air by the aerofoil. For a detailed analysis we regard the normal acceleration of air in case of curved streamlines that results in pressure gradients perpendicular to the streamlines. The analysis of curvature of streamlines in the vicinity of obstacles shows the generation of pressure distribution on the surface. Other misleading and erroneous aplications of Bernoulli's law are also analyzed and corrected. We present classroom experiments to demonstrate convincingly the downward movement of air caused by an aerofoil and the generation of pressure by the deflection of air stream.


The inhomogeneous behaviour of associating chain fluids is studied by molecular simulation. The fluid molecules are modelled as a chain of four tangentially bonded Lennard-Jones spheres with an associating square-well site placed at an end sphere. Adsorption isotherms between a bulk phase and a system confined between two parallel structureless walls are obtained using the Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo technique. Walls and molecules with and without associating sites, different pore widths and different solid-fluid interactions are considered. For surfaces without associating sites, the adsorption is seen to be governed by the solid-fluid interactions of the molecules rather than by the molecules ability or inability to self-associate. The number density of associating sites placed on the walls strongly influences the adsorption characteristics of these molecules.


We study toroidal compactifications of string theories which include compactification of a timelike coordinate. Some new features in the theory of toroidal compactifications arise. Most notably, Narain moduli space does not exist as a manifold since the action of duality on background data is ergodic. For special compactifications certain infinite dimensional symmetries, analogous to the infinite dimensional symmetries of the $2D$ string are unbroken. We investigate the consequences of these symmetries and search for a universal symmetry which contains all unbroken gauge groups. We define a flat connection on the moduli space of toroidally compactified theories. Parallel transport by this connection leads to a formulation of broken symmetry Ward identities. In an appendix this parallel transport is related to a definition of conformal perturbation theory.


For the first time long broadband chirped fibre Bragg gratings with a dispersion profile designed to compensate 3/sup rd/ -order- dispersion are presented. These results demonstrate how the increased demands for dispersion compensation at very high bit-rates can be met using chirped fibre Bragg gratings.


Diethylene glycol (DEG) in wine was purified by alumina column chromatography and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with a flame ionization detector. Wine was easily cleaned up by the use of an alumina column with methanol as an eluent. Therefore, the determination of DEG by GC could be completed in less than 10 minutes. The reroveries of DEG added to wine at levels of 40 and 200ppm were 86.2 and 89.3%, respectively, and the detection limit was 10ppm. This method is rapid and simple, and is convenient for large numbers of analyses as compared with the Extrelut column method.


Understanding how households form their long-term saving and investment decisions to shoulder risks not covered by social security systems has been of primary importance in all the countries which, like Germany, introduced major reforms to face the challenges of an aging population. This paper documents the scientific background and the design of the SAVE survey, a panel study developed in 2001 aimed at analyzing households' saving behaviour. Few selected results of particular relevance for the analysis of the private old-age provision in Germany are also presented. Ultimately, the future development of the SAVE-project is sketched. It will contribute to answer the new questions that challenge researchers as well as policymakers, after the financial crisis and now that the reforms of the social system in Germany are implemented.


World-wide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs). Routing and multimedia application plays an important role in the WiMAX networks. In this study, the main focus is on analyzing and comparing the different routing algorithms such as AODV, DYMO, DSR, Bellman-Ford and Fish-Eye for the WiMAX networks. We have considered few QoS parameters such as total data received, average end-to-end delay, average jitter and throughput. Here, we have considered the CBR application. From the obtained result DSR routing algorithm outperforms high throughput and total data received. Bellman-Ford and Fish-Eye provides less average end-to-end delay. Bellman-Ford routing algorithm also provides less average jitter.


Context: Dental caries is the most common type of dental problem known to mankind, and the bacterial species-Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) is known to initiate it, thus playing a significant role in dental caries formation. Theobromine in dark chocolate and probiotics are known for anticariogenic and antibacterial properties. Aims: The aim of this study is to find the effectiveness of white chocolate, dark chocolate, and probiotic-infused dark chocolate against S. mutans. Subjects and Methods: Blood-infused Mueller–Hinton agar was prepared with three wells. Twenty grams of chocolate were dispersed in each well. Chlorhexidine and saline were used as positive and negative control. The agar plate was then streaked with S. mutans. These prepared culture media was then allowed to incubate at 37°C for a time period of about 24 h under sterile environment. Finally, the diameters of the zone of inhibition were measured using the Hi Antibiotic Zone Scale. ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical. Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical. Results: On comparison, probiotic-infused dark chocolate shows the greatest zone of inhibition (16.83 ± 1.329) followed by chlorhexidine (15.18 ± 1.458) which is then followed by dark chocolate (11.33 ± 1.751) and white chocolate (7.17 ± 1.835), and finally normal saline which showed no zone of inhibition. On overall evaluation using ANOVA, the statistically significant difference was found out (P < 0.001). Intergroup comparison was performed using Tukey's post hoc test, whose P < 0.001 thus being statistically significant. Conclusion: Among all the different kinds of chocolates used in the study, probiotic-infused dark chocolate showed the greatest anti-microbial activity against S. mutans.


. Although much progress has been made in studying the multiplicity properties of pre-main-sequence T Tauri stars over the past decade, younger and more embedded protostellar systems are just now being surveyed for multiplicity. I examine several recent infrared imaging and spectroscopic studies which reveal the multiplicity properties of embedded protostars for the first time. The overall binary / multiplicity fraction of protostars is statistically indistinguishable from that of pre-main-sequence stars when measured over similar separation distances. Some individual components of protostellar binaries appear to be coeval from their spectral energy distributions or spectra. However, there are some systems which appear to consist of both a protostar and a pre-main-sequence star, and the coevality of these systems is very uncertain. There is much yet to be learned about the multiplicity properties of protostars, and future high resolution near-IR imaging surveys will likely make much headway.


Single parent families, reconstituted families and dual-earner families -- this monumental effort synthesizes research and explores theories about such alternatives to traditional family life. Leading scholars were asked to write chapters about the new family forms. They review what is already known about their particular topic, its historical context, its impact on individuals and society and suggestions for future directions. They also deal with such key issues as the reaction of religion to these changes.


This essay proposes a method for camera calibration. This method calibrates camera's all intrinsic parameters and extrinsic parameters step-by-step under the condition of considering the first order radial distortion. Compared with Tsai's two-stage method, this method only needs to use a coplanar target and can calibrate the image center and the scale factor. It also introduces a new distortion model and then can completely calibrate camera linearly, avoiding the trouble and the instability of non-linear optimization. It's simpler. Then, this essay introduces a computing model of three-dimensional reconstruction of the two cameras' system, and proves that this calibration method has high accuracy after the three-dimensional reconstruction.


The article deals with the ways of development of Ukrainian literary fairy tale. The author defines artistic originality of Ukrainian literary fairy tale of the age of romanticism, enumerates genre modifications of fairy tale of the first half of XIXth century


It has long been known that the Coulomb-Mohr criterion does not satisfactorily account for the direction of faults and fractures in the Earth. Modern numerical methods now permit the use of a better criterion, i.e., that fracture initiates and propagates in the direction in which the strain energy release is maximum for a given crack length. This criterion is thermodynamically correct, can be used for heterogeneous and elasto-plastic bodies, and yields results in good agreement with laboratory data, but it is somewhat computer intensive.


Osteoporosis often leads to fragility fractures of the hip, resulting in impaired quality of life and increased mortality. Augmenting the proximal femur could be an attractive option for prevention of fracture or fixation device failure. We describe a tissue engineering based strategy to enhance long-term bone formation in the femoral neck of osteoporotic rats by locally delivering bioactive molecules; recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), and zoledronic acid (ZA) by using a calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) biomaterial. A defect was created by reaming the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic (OVX) rats and they were treated as follows: G1. Empty, G2. CaS/HA, G3. CaS/HA+Systemic ZA, G4. CaS/HA+Local ZA, and G5. CaS/HA+Local ZA+rhBMP-2. Bone formation was evaluated 6 months after treatment. Further, radioactively labeled 14C-ZA was used to study the bioavailability of ZA at the defect location, which was determined by using scintillation counting. Micro-CT indicated significantly higher bone volume in groups G4 and G5 compared with the other treatment groups. This was confirmed qualitatively by histological assessment. Addition of rhBMP-2 gave no additional benefit in this model. Local delivery of ZA performed better than systemic administration of ZA. Mechanical testing showed no differences between the groups, likely reflecting that the addition of bioactive molecules had limited effect on cortical bone or the choice of mechanical testing setup was not optimal. Scintillation counting revealed higher amounts of 14C-ZA present in the treated leg of G4 compared with its contralateral control and compared with G3, indicating that local ZA delivery can be used to achieve high local concentrations without causing a systemic effect. This long-term study shows that local delivery of ZA using a CaS/HA carrier can regenerate cancellous bone in the femoral neck canal and has clear implications for enhancing implant integration and fixation in fragile bone. Impact statement This long-term study shows a promising method to enhance bone formation in the femoral neck canal of osteoporotic rats. The approach involves a ceramic carrier that facilitates bone regeneration via sustained delivery of bioactive molecules locally in the femoral neck. Further, the carrier acts as a local depot for bioactive molecule delivery for as long as 6 months with overall positive effect on bone regeneration. The results from this model can potentially be translated into the clinics for reinforcing the femoral neck or for enhancing implant anchorage in poor-quality osteoporotic bone, which presents a real clinical challenge in fragility fractures.


The four strains of Bacillus(Bacillus megaterium M3,Bacillus oleronius O4,Bacillus subti-lis S10,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A8)isolated from the foliar fertilizer of sitaibeiya are taken as a start-ing point,the foliar fertilizer of sitaibeiya is researched and reformed.With the AGAR block method and the molybdenum antimony colorimetric method,the inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi and degradation of the difficulty to use the situation of phosphorus in the soil are investigated of the four of bacillus and mixed strains.The results show that the mixed strains inhibit them better than others,the inhibition rate to pear penicillium bacteria is as high as 75.8%.There are little differences about the degradation of the difficulty to used phosphorus in the soil between Bacillus megaterium M3 and the mixed strains,and they can de-grade them between than other strains.This foliar fertilizer contains Chemicals,and it will be a burden to the human body and the environment,so we fermented production of biological organic fertilizer,with nat-ural,no chemical composition and high organic matter content of wheat straw as raw materials,and added PDA solution after completed the fermentation.Then we determine the disease index and control effect as cucumber seedling plant infected the pathogenic fungi,and the growth index after the application of biologi-cal organic fertilizer on soybean seedlings.The research shows that biological organic fertilizer can reduce the disease index remarkably,and the control effect can be to 5 5 .5 6%.It also can improve the plant height, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight to a certain extent.


From August to September 2013, c. 21 specimens of the blue runner Caranx crysos were caught by commercial fishermen in two locations off the south coast of Newfoundland, Canada. These samples represent the first records of C. crysos in Newfoundland waters, and a potential northward range expansion of this species in the north-western Atlantic Ocean. They also illustrate the importance of fisher-derived sampling that spans times and locations outside of the limited range targeted by scientific surveys in this region.


South Africa is in great need of improving the effectiveness of engineering and technical tuition and also enhancing technology transfer from universities to industry, the commercial sector and communities. These practices can create new job opportunities and increase the level of living standard of populations at all levels. This article highlights some models that were recently implemented at the School of Engineering of the University of South Africa in Johannesburg in order address these challenges. These included new on-line teaching methodologies with an emphasis on group work and project-based outcomes, new methodologies of work-integrated learning, the creation of an undergraduate-postgraduate dualism, a focus on innovation and product development at graduate level, and the creation of community entrepreneurship winter school programs. Measures as implemented contributed to an increase in enrolment rates 10 per cent over four years from the online teaching programmes in the diploma programme, enhanced placement of work integrated students, and eventually increased the graduation rate at graduate level by about 15 per cent over four years. Several new small companies have been created from winter school programmes.


tion works. Several authors who were interviewed apparently had not published any literary work at all recently (Cheng Min, Feng Chih, Kuo Hsiaoch'uan, Shen Ts'ung-wen, Tsang K'o-chia, Tsou Ti-fan, Yang Mo, and Yuan K'o-chia). Others could not be met and are represented by writings from before the Cultural Revolution (Ho Ch'ifang, Juan Chang-ching, Liang Shang-ch'iian, T'ien Chien, Yen Chen). Still others could not be interviewed, although they have been published since the Cultural Revolution (Ho Ching-chih, Kao Yii-pao, Kuo Mo-jo, Li Ying, and Lu Ping). This leaves only four writers who both were accessible and had published recently: Cheng Wanlung, Hao Jan, Li Hsiieh-ao, and Wang Tsengch'i. Evidently the two latter groups should be considered the most representative of the recent cultural policies. It is not at all simple to characterize their writings. Hsu has refrained from giving any elaborate judgments. Is that because the dust of the Cultural Revolution has not yet completely settled down? It is quite significant that even officially acclaimed authors, such as Hao Jan, apparently had their reservations about the Cultural Revolution. Hao Jan confessed that he was "a conservative in the movement." During the Cultural Revolution, he was protected by the authorities and did not become a target of criticism (p. 93). He admitted that he cannot write about the Cultural Revolution (p. 98). Indeed, all his material derives from earlier years (although one feels that the political situation of those years has been interpreted in the light of post-Cultural Revolution policies). The poet Li Hsiieh-ao reveals that both he and Hao Jan feel "that too many writers have been unnecessarily scared by the literary controversies during the Cultural Revolution and consider publishing a dangerous business" (p. 242). As many writers were persecuted and some were killed (or forced to commit suicide) during the Cultural Revolution, the word "unnecessarily" strikes one as somewhat odd. But the fact remains that several spokesmen of the present cultural establishment wish to undo some of the negative effects of the Cultural Revolution. It would be easy to point to conspicuous gaps. Mao Tun and Pa Chin are the most notorious absentees. Yet the book provides priceless information to those who search for continuity in the recent literary history of China.


This paper proposes new product-sum type public-key cryptosystems using the Chinese remainder theorem as the trapdoor. The security of the proposed schemes is based on the difficulty of finding a specific solution of the linear Diophantine equation. The proposed schemes are invulnerable to the low-density attack because they can realize the sufficiently high density for a practical parameter.


Over 110 yr ago, the first description of a West Indian student with sickle cell disease (SCD) was reported by Dr Herrick in Chicago, USA, opening the way to deciphering the disease from its molecular basis to its complex systemic and multicellular pathophysiology1. SCD is characterized by a single mutation in the gene encoding for β-globin chain of haemoglobin which, in the homozygous state, results in a cascade of events starting with the polymerization of the mutated haemoglobin (HbS) when deoxygenated. Multiple downstream and interrelated biological processes contribute to the clinical expression of SCD, among which chronic inflammation, hypercoagulability, ischaemic injury, functional nitric oxide deficiency, endothelial, platelet and leucocyte activation and oxidative stress play important roles. Painful vaso-occlusion, chronic haemolytic anaemia, susceptibility to infections and systemic vasculopathy are among the main clinical consequences of the disease2. Patients with SCD experience considerable morbidity from both acute and chronic complications that lead to end-organ damage and reduced life expectancy. In addition, disease-related complications starting in infancy significantly impair physical, mental and psychosocial aspects of health-related quality of life3.


In this study, a lithium (Li) doped aqueous solution processed zinc oxide (ZnO) layer was employed as the electron buffer layer for inverted organic solar cells (OSCs). It was found that compared with the pure ZnO buffer layer, application of the 5% Li-doped ZnO buffer layer enhanced the open circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.57 V to 0.62 V and the fill factor (FF) from 0.61 to 0.67, resulting in a better device performance. The increased Voc resulted from the increased built-in field and decreased work function of the cathode, and the improved Jsc and FF were due to the significantly increased charge carrier mobility, enhanced charge carrier collection efficiency and reduced charge carrier recombination. Based on the poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PC61BM) system, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 3.9% was obtained for the device with the 5% Li-doped ZnO buffer layer, which is much higher than that obtained with the pure ZnO buffer layer (3.2%). When using the poly(4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl):[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB-7:PC71BM) system as the active layer, the PCE was enhanced to 8.4% for the Li–ZnO (5%) layer compared to pristine ZnO with a PCE of 7.5%. These results suggest that the Li-doped ZnO layer can act as a good electron buffer layer for inverted organic solar cells.


Abstract Background Primary diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is based on detection of virus RNA in nasopharyngeal swab samples. In addition, analysis of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 has an important role in viral diagnostics and seroprevalence estimates. Methods We developed and optimized an enzyme immunoassays (EIA) using SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (N), S1 and receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein, and N proteins from SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and 4 low-pathogenic human CoVs. Neutralizing antibody activity was compared with SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgA, and IgM EIA results. Results The sensitivity of EIA for detecting immune response in COVID-19 patients (n = 101) was 77% in the acute phase and 100% in the convalescent phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection when N and RBD were used as antigens in IgG and IgA specific EIAs. SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly increased humoral immune responses against the 229E and NL63 N proteins. S1 and RBD-based EIA results had a strong correlation with microneutralization test results. Conclusions The data indicate a combination of SARS-CoV-2 S1 or RBD and N proteins and analysis of IgG and IgA immunoglobulin classes in sera provide an excellent basis for specific and sensitive serological diagnostics of COVID-19.


Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have revolutionized the disease characterization as they enable the simultaneous measurement of functional and anatomical information of the body. However, the whole body simultaneous PET/MRI has been limited by its high cost. To address this issue, we are developing an RF-transmissive PET insert system that can be inserted into an MRI system without requiring modifications to the MR hardware system. Our PET system prototype consists of 16 PET detector modules in a 32 cm ring pattern with small gaps between them. By using electro-optical signal transmission technology, the PET insert is electrically floating relative to the MRI RF ground which allows the PET detector insert to be RF-penetrable. The inter-modular gaps and the electrical floating enable the RF fields of MRI body coil to pass through with some attenuation. We performed 2D electromagnetic simulations and experiments in a 3-T MR system to understand the degree to which a ring of electrically floating Faraday cages facilitates the RF transmissivity. The electromagnetic simulation results showed that the grounded PET insert blocks the RF field while the electrically floating PET insert allows the RF field to uniformly transmit through the gaps with some attenuation. The MRI attenuation experiments showed that the transmit attenuation was -3.47 dB and similarly the receive attenuations were -3.40 and -3.94 dB for GE and SE sequences, respectively. We have shown from both simulations and experiments that the RF field of the MRI body coil can penetrate a PET ring through small inter-modular gaps, when the PET ring is electrically floating with respect to the MR system.


Nowadays, the Internet offers data to anyone at any time. Websites on the Internet have been warehousing data for many years ago, i.e., for 10 years and more. In the meantime, many websites have became obsolete. This means they no longer have owner because of either they have no-one to maintain them or they have become unavailable for indexing by spiders that retrieves information about documents to be referenced. As a result, these websites are lost for accessing from Internet browsers and are therefore, referred to as abandoned websites. This paper focuses on the problem of how to identify the abandoned websites and how to preserve and reconstruct the data they hold. We have mainly concentrated on abandoned sport websites that, in general, contains very important data about the results achieved at various sporting competitions in the past. The proposed solution consist of four steps: an analysis of the abandoned servers that held these websites, identifying the structure of the abandoned web page sets, web scrapping, and preserving and visualizing these page sets. In order to test prototype solution, some steps were applied in order to reconstruct and preserve the data on the abandoned web servers for tracking the results on running. Additionally, opportunities and challenges of applying data mining techniques on reconstructed website are listed.


A semiautomatic method of fitting transition curves to X-ray film optical density measurements of electromagnetic particle cascades is described. Several hundred singly and multiple interacting cosmic ray events from the JACEE 8 balloon flights were analyzed using this procedure. In addition to greatly increased speed compared to the previous manual method, the semiautomatic method offers increased accuracy through maximum likelihood fitting.


Since the credit crisis the valuation of simple derivatives has become much more complex, primarily through so-called adjustments such as the credit value, debt value and funding value adjustment. Most of these elements of the valuation are well understood, although not always easily calculated. However, on the inclusion of the funding costs in the valuation, through a funding value adjustment, there is currently no consensus. This paper shows that the lack of concensus comes from two fundamentally different assumptions regarding funding costs of a bank. One assumption, mostly used in the literature, is that funding costs are fixed. This leads to derivatives' values that, in general, depend on the funding rate of the bank. The other, newly introduced, assumption is that funding costs immediately adjust after each new transaction to reflect the new asset composition. It is shown that under this assumption, in the Black-Scholes model, the funding costs of the bank do not affect the value of derivatives. I argue that the latter assumption is more appropriate for the valuation of derivatives.


Under the name Stregoni, Gianluca Taraborelli and Marco Bernacchia have been organising workshop-concerts involving more than two thousand economic migrants, asylum seekers and refugees (from Africa, Syria, Afghanistan and the Indian subcontinent) who are hosted in reception centres and camps. This non-institutional project explores a way to promote intercultural integration through the practice of improvised music in Italy and Europe. Sampling the music that refugee and asylum seekers usually listen to on their smartphones, the two Italian musicians create soundscapes to improvise together in a concert. Stregoni represents an attempt to understand what is happening within and outside the borders of the EU, while providing an opportunity to promote communal spaces and experiences in the field of intercultural integration with the objective of letting migrants express their own 'sonic citizenship'.


Abstract New Impulses in Australian Poetry was an anthology of contemporary Australian poetry published in Brisbane in 1968. The book was the idea of two Queensland poets, Rodney Hall and Thomas Shapcott. New Impulses was modelled on international modern poetry anthologies. At the time, this type of anthology was unfamiliar in Australia. Hall and Shapcott declared their intentions in modernist terms: to challenge the literary establishment and to promote the new poetry of the 1960s. It was a new type of anthology for a new type of poetry. This article explores the anthology's Queensland origins and examines its modern themes and influences. It concludes with a discussion of the anthology's impact and legacy from the perspective of Australian literary history, especially the 'New Australian Poetry', which it prefigured. In addition to its literary significance, New Impulses was an Australian publishing milestone. The book was the first poetry anthology published by University of Queensland Press. Its success demonstrated the market potential for literary publishing in Australia.


Bull testes must be 2 to 6 C below body temperature for morphologically normal, motile and fertile sperm. Scrotal/testicular thermoregulation is complex, including a coiled testicular artery, surrounded by the venous pampiniform plexus comprising the testicular vascular cone, a counter-current heat exchanger. In addition, heat radiation from the scrotum, sweating, complementary arterial blood supplies, and temperature gradients in the scrotum and testes all contribute to testicular cooling. Despite a long-standing paradigm that mammalian testes are close to hypoxia and blood flow does not increase in response to testicular heating, in recent studies in mice, rams and bulls, warming the testes stimulated increased blood flow, with no indications of testicular hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia did not replicate the changes and hyperoxia did not provide protection. Therefore, we concluded that testicular hyperthermia and not secondary hypoxia affects spermatogenesis and sperm quality. Increasing testicular temperature causes many cellular and subcellular changes. As testicular temperature increases, the proportion of defective sperm increases; recovery is dependent upon the nature and duration of the thermal insult. Environmental control of temperature (shade, sprinklers, air conditioning) and some chemical approaches (e.g., melatonin and L-arginine) have promise in reducing the effects of heat stress on bull reproduction.


In the paper, it is shown that according to the selected load shedding strategy, all individual reliability constraints corresponding to customers can be integrated into a single reliability constraint corresponding to the system ELNS. If the system reliability constraint is satisfied, then all individual consumers' reliability constraint would be satisfied, too. Therefore, the ISO should set spinning reserve based on the system ELNS.


PURPOSE: Hypothyroidism is a common situation among the aged which affects protein synthesis. The objective of the present study was to determine the influence of hypothyroidism on the healing process in aged rats. METHODS: 96 male Wistar rats were used, 48 of them with a mean age of 110 days and 48 with a mean age of 750 days. Half the young animals and half the old ones were euthyroid and half were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism was obtained by total thyroidectomy. Thirty days after surgery the animals were submitted to median laparotomy followed by laparorrhaphy on 2 synthesis planes. Six animals from each group were submitted to euthanasia by drawing lots on the 3rd, 7th and 14th postoperative day and submitted to macroscopic, resistance, and histopathological analysis. RESULTS: The resistance of the skin scars was lower in hypothyroid animals, both the young (p=0.0145) and old (p=0.0242) ones, with no significant relation with age being detected. The resistance of the scars on the peritoneum-muscle-aponeurosis plane was lower in old animals on the 24th day (p=0.0014) and even lower in hypothyroid old animals (p=0.0000). The histological evolution was similar, but differences in collagen presence were observed. On the 7th day the skin scars had a lower collagen content in young (p=0.0201) and old (p=0.0003). hypothyroid animals. On the 14th day the scars of old hypothyroid animals had less collagen than those of normal old animals (p=0.0092) and those of young hypothyroid animals (p=0.0283). On the 3rd day, the scars of hypothyroid animals on the peritoneum-muscle-aponeurosis plane presented less collagen than those of both young (p=0.0089) and old (p=0.0171) normal controls, but there was no relation with age. This association persisted on the 7th and 17th day, but age dependence was observed at these time points. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the results permits us to conclude that healing is impaired in the presence of hypothyroidism and worsens with aging.


This is the last in a series of six papers presenting key findings from a national study that was undertaken to investigate the role and responsibilities of midwives in England and to identify and address continuing educational needs. The background to the study and the titles of other papers in the series have been outlined in the first paper. The first five papers have provided an overview of the main research findings that have been used to determine the continuing educational needs of midwives. This paper provides a more detailed picture of the issues that were identified in relation to educational need, and an overview of the way in which an educational package was developed on the basis of the research findings for use by midwives nationally.


A regional tectono-stratigraphic framework has been developed for the Cretaceous and Tertiary section in the Northern Carnarvon Basin. This framework places traditional observations in a new context and provides a predictive tool for determining the temporal occurrence and spatial distribution of the lithofacies play elements, that iss reservoir, source and seal. Two new, potential petroleum systems have been identified within the Barremian Muderong Shale and Albian Gearle Siltstone. These potential source rocks could be mature or maturing along a trend that parallels the Alpha Arch and Rankin Platform, and within the Exinouth Sub-basin. A favourable combination of reservoir and seal can be predicted for the early regressive part of the Creta- ceous-Tertiary basin phase (Campanian-Palaeocene). Lowstand and transgressive (within incised valleys) reservoirs are more likely to be isolated and encased in sealing shales, similar to lowstand reservoir facies deposited during the transgressive part of the basin phase, for example, the M. australis sand play. The basin analysis revealed the important role played by pre-existing Proterozoic-Palaeozoic lineaments during extension, and the subsequent impact on play elements, in particular, the distribution of reservoir, fluid migration, and trap development. During extension, the north-trending lineaments influenced the compart mentalisation of the Northern Carnarvon Basin into discrete depocentres. Relay ramp-style accommodation zones developed, linking the sub-basins, and acting as pathways for sediment input into the depocentres and, later in the basin's history, as probable hydrocarbon migration pathways. The relay accommodation zones are a dynamic part of the basin architecture, acting as a focal point for response to intraplate stresses and the creation, modification and destruction of traps and migration pathways.


AIM The objective of this study is the evaluation of the perception and real knowledge that the doctor working in the diabetological field has of the figure of the Podiatrist. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was distributed with 22 questions at two national events (national diabetology congress). The questions were divided into two sections: the first (1-8) for the classification of the sample of doctors and the second (9-22) to explore the relationship between diabetologist and podiatrist. The answers when not codified have been previously classified into coherent, dubious and non-coherent ones to facilitate data analysis. Only the questionnaires filled in by doctors were analyzed. The sample consists of 81 doctors with a median age of 51.6 ± 9.6 years and with a work experience of 20.7 ± 10.8 years, belonging to the metabolic endocrine area (60%) or general medicine (40%) and with a homogeneous distribution on the Italian territory (31% north, 41% center and 28% south), engaged in hospitals for 74.1% of cases and with a prevalence of women (65%). RESULTS From the questionnaires filled out by doctors it appears that the patients are not sent by the hospital podiatrist either because they are not present (66%) or because their presence is not known (42%). The same reasons why patients are not sent to podiatrists operating in the area: they are not known (40%) or there are none (40%). In most cases, collaboration with podiatrists is reserved for simple injuries (61%), this is probably related to the reduced knowledge of doctors towards the skills of this professional category. From the data it emerges that the function of the podiatrist is underestimated in 75% of the interviewees while only 62% would like a greater use in prevention and 17% in the active participation of the diabetological team. CONCLUSIONS The figure of the Podiatrist, in the current state of knowledge has proved to be very little known by the medical class, and involved only for small diseases. Furthermore, it would be desirable to update the professional profile so as to be comparable to that of other European countries. KEY WORDS podiatrist; diabetologist; diabetic foot; diabetic foot team.


In this work, we propose a novel framework for synthesizing the stylization of text-based images. It is composed of several steps without supervision. Initially, the style image is segmented to foreground and background images. Then, the main color of foreground is accumulated and assigned to the stroke-based binarized geometric shape like text, symbols and icons to be content image. The foreground image is considered as the target style and transferred to the content image by image style transfer neural network. Meanwhile, the blank space in segmented background image is filled by image inpainting-based partial convolution neural network. Finally, the composition of the stylized geometric shape and the complete background image is accomplished by texture synthesis. The features of edge, color, texture, etc., are explored for the stylization of multiple geometric shapes. It explains the rationality of our proposed method on binarized geometric shape style transfer. The extensive experiments on various tasks, such as visual-textual presentation synthesis, icon/symbol rendering and structure-guided image inpainting, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of surgical treatment of multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods Totally 67 patients who were diagnosed with multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis is and operated by back decompression,fused by bone graft and internal fixed by pedicle screws from January 2009 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed here were 35 males and 32 females,with an average age of 52.5 years.Patient history was from 2 to 20 years.67 patients with two segments or more than two segments affection,intervertebral discs were removed,and closed together vertebral plate were removed,fused by bone graft between intervertebral.Results 0peration time was from 90 to 180 minutes.Blood loss was from 400 ml to 1200 ml and no patient died.The follow-up duration averaged for 1.5 years.Fused disks of multi-segments had good to excellent rate of 85.7% by JOA evaluation.Conclusion The operation of multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis is difficult to operate and has high risk also.Back decompression,fused by bone graft and internal fixation by pedicle screws is a good method.


Two routes, one based on a Michael-initiated aldol condensation and the other on an intramoleculer carbonyl-ene reaction, have been found to be feasible for an entry to benzo[𝑏]fluorenones. Reaction of 4,9-dimethoxybenz[𝑓]indenone with nitromethane in the presence of DBU gave the corresponding Michael adduct, which afforded 2-methyl-5,10-dimethoxybenzo[b]fluorenone on reaction with methacrolein under a variety of basic conditions. Similarly, 2-methallyl-4,9-dimethoxybenz[𝑓]indenone reacted with nitromethane to give the corresponding Michael adduct, Nef reaction of which furnished 3-formyl-2-methyl-4,9-dimethoxybenz[𝑓]indanone. This underwent ene-cyclization under the influence of SnCl4. 5H2O, and yielded 2-methyl-5,10-dimethoxybenzo[𝑏]fluorenone.


Electro-optic and polarization reversal measurements were performed on a side-chain polymer exhibiting a chiral smectic phase. Based on the observed electro-optic and current responses, we discuss the possibility of an antiferroelectric structure in the polymer. In order to establish a model for the observed behavior, a detailed comparison with the properties of the low molar mass antiferroelectric substance MHPOBC was made. The birefringence modulation in the chiral smectic polymer, originating from the field-induced antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric transition, is analyzed for the case of a randomly oriented sample. The result shows that the coincidence of birefringence modulation and polarization current peaks is strong evidence for the existence of antiferroelectric order in the smectic layers. Such coincidence was observed both for MHPOBC and the chiral side-chain polyacrylate.


The clinical picture is suggestive of cervical ectropion. Consider referring to secondary care for symptomatic cervical ectropion. Management options include diathermy, cryocautery or silver nitrate depending on local guidelines. An alternative therapy option is use of acidifying agents, such as boric acid, vaginally at bedtime. For those using combined oral contraceptive pills, consider stopping or changing the pills. If the bleeding stops after changing or stopping the pills, then no further action is needed.


Through the establishment of the capital flight model of asymmetric evolutionary game, this paper focuses on the study of game relationship among perpetrators, perpetrator assistants and government, and analyzes the evolutionary stable process under different conditions by three-dimensional figures. This paper also analyzes and compares features between the two parties' model and the three parties' model, connecting the two kinds of evolutionary games and providing a theoretic basis for a better understanding of the mechanism of capital flight and motivation of all groups. The result shows that by making use of expectation, government can control the ESS of capital flight groups by adjusting relative benefits and punishment in different regulation modes. It can also expand the strategy space that is in favor of capital control through the adjustment. In the end, this paper will propose policy suggestions for the control of capital flight according to the research findings above.


The article develops the connotation of quality of educational technol ogy and the practice significance of advancing it at present. On this ground,th e article develops how to train the teachers'quality of educational technology in normal colleges and universities.