This paper discusses nonparametric distributed learning. After reviewing the classical learning model and highlighting the success of machine learning in centralized settings, the challenges that wireless sensor networks (WSN) pose for distributed learning are discussed, and research aimed at addressing these challenges is surveyed.


Data of petrology and geochemistry of gypersthenic plagiogranites of sapshilanskii complex of Western Pribaikalia lead. Rocks refer to peraluminous and magnesium differences. Plagiogranites has nearness to adakitic granites. Rocks distinguish low summary contents of rare earth elements, concentrations Y, Yb and high – Sr, Ba. Tetrad effect fractionation of REE Wtype display in rocks. Forming of rocks related with partial melting of two pyroxene gneiss of low Earth crust.


This paper presents the distribution of the monomeric units in the copolymers of butadiene with styrene as a function of the molar ratio KOH/LiR' in the reaction mixture. In the absence of KOR during a change in the styrene content in the reaction mixture, the authors observed the influence of the styrene concentration on the distribution of the monomeric units in the butadiene-styrene copolymers. The results show that during the copolymerization of butadiene with styrene in the presence of lithium alkyls, styrene considerably influences the distribution of the monomeric units in the polymer chain and the structure of its butadiene segment.


Religion is a significant social force that contributes in shaping environmental attitudes. The aim of this study is to analyse the religiosity impact on environmental attitude, concern, knowledge and behaviour, and to evaluate the main determinants of environmentally friendly behaviour. Results show that attitude of religious and practicing young Lithuanians is characterized as more ecocentric. The results also showed that the most significant determinants of environmentally friendly behaviour are environmental concern, new ecological paradigm (NEP), environmental action related and effectiveness knowledge. Thus it is important to stimulate people"s interest in environmental issues and to provide more information about environment.


Antonio Benitez-Rojo is author of the novel Sea of Lentils, the short-story collection A View from the Mangrove, and the nonfiction work The Repeating Island: The Caribbean and the Postmodern Perspective. He was formerly director of the Publishing Department and the Center for Caribbean Studies at Casa de las Americas in Cuba. He is the Thomas B. Walton, Jr. Memorial Professor at Amherst College. Benitez-Rojo presented this lecture at the Americas Society on October 13, 2000, as the opening program of the series "Writing and Music in Spanish America and Spain."


ABSTRACTThe response surface methodology was used for the optimization and condition obtainment of a complex nutrient medium composition used for the biosynthesis of the enzyme L-lysine decarboxylase from a mutant strain Bac. cadaveris-P-2VD. The concentration of the detail salts components taking part in a substrate were received and specified optimal relations between the bioproduct quantity and it's enzyme activity level.


This paper demonstrates the clinical application of a multiplanar imaging system, which simultaneously acquires en-face (C-scan) OCT and corresponding confocal ophthalmoscopic images along with cross-sectional (B-scan) OCT at cursor designated locations on the confocal image. Advantages of the simultaneous OCT/confocal acquisition as well as the challenges of interpreting the C-scan OCT images are discussed. Variations in tissue inclination with respect to th coherence wave surface alters the sampling of structures within the depth in the retina, producing novel slice orientations which are often challenging to interpret. We evaluate for the first time the utility of C-scan OCT for a variety of pathologies including exudative ARMD, macular hole, central serous retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and macular pucker. Several remarkable observations of new aspects of clinical anatomy were noted. The versatility of selective capture of C-scan OCT images and B-scan OCT images at precise points on the confocal image affords the clinician a more complete and interactive tool for 3D imaging of retinal pathology.


Background: In recent years, much attention has been given to the evidence that the concomitant occurrence of hyperglycaemia in patients admitted to intensive care units with an acute myocardial infarction (MI) enhances the risk of mortality and morbidity, whether the patient as DM or not. In some cases, the elevation of sugar could simply be a marker of pre-existing, but not yet detected type 2 diabetes or impaired sugar tolerance (IGT). This may mean that besides being causal, elevated sugar also could be a marker of existing insulin resistance and/or beta-cell failure that may contribute to the poor prognosis through other mechanisms. However, a positive association between hyperglycaemia at the time of the event and subsequent mortality from MI has frequently been reported. Consequently, understanding the possible mechanisms through which hyperglycaemia worsens the prognosis of a MI, as well the effectiveness of its control during acute MI, seems to be of great relevance. Aim: To study clinical profile of acute myocardial infarction in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Material and methods: Present study type was a cross sectional observational type of study carried out at Medicine department of tertiary care hospital. A160 patients were included in the study. Patients, both male and female who are having acute myocardial infarction with elevated blood sugar level but previously not diagnosed as diabetic. Registration of patients was done from October 2019 to October 2021. Registration was done when patient got admitted under department of medicine. On registration the patients having exclusion criteria were not taken for the study. Objective of the study was to study clinical profile of acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes and non-diabetes. All data was collected and complied in Microsoft excel. Results of continuous (quantitative data) measurement were presented on Mean +/- SD (min-max) and result on categorical (qualitative data) ..........


Exact penalty function methods for the solution of constrained optimization problem are based on the construction of a function whose unconstrained minimizing points are also solution of the constrained problem. One of the popular exact penalty functions is l1 exact penalty function. However l1 exact penalty function is not a smooth function. In this paper, we propose a new method for smoothing the l1 exact penalty function for inequality constrained optimization. Error estimations are obtained among the optimal objective function values of the smoothed penalty problem, of the nonsmooth penalty problem problem and of the original optimization problem. We develop an efficient algorithm for solving the optimization problem based the smoothed penalty function and prove the convergence of the algorithm.


identified for careful study. Thus, an elementary-school staff may study the problem of developing a more adequate system of reporting to parents or problems pertaining to the organization of student councils. Studies of this kind often lead to proposals for a different grade placement of subject matter or perhaps to a recommendation that certain textbooks be adopted in place of those currently used. There may be a suggestion that a wider range of objectives needs to be considered or perhaps that a shift should be made in the emphasis being given to objectives already formulated. Such changes are not very upsetting since the general organization of the school is not likely to be altered in any significant way. Some genuine improvement in the curriculum may result. It is also possible that no basic changes will take place. If, on the other hand, a marked change occurs in the way the school appears to the community, and even to members of the staff, there can be a vigorous reaction. A "core" program is introduced in the junior high school, or a "common-learnings" course is established, or a "general-education" class is organized-let any of these events take place and the long-estab-


Special Region of Yogyakarta is one of the few provinces that passed a law on domestic workers . The emergence of the Governor of Special Region of Yogyakarta No 31 Year 2010 on Domestic Workers is responded by passing the Mayor's Regulation No 48 Year 2011 on Domestic Workers. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of Governor of Special Region of Yogyakarta No 31 Year 2010 on Domestic Workers in Yogyakarta after the government of Yogyakarta passed the Mayor's Regulation No 48 Year 2011 on Domestic Workers. This research uses empirical method. Data sources used are primary data through research done in the Yogyakarta community and secondary data which is regulation. Data collection techniques are by interview and questionnaires. The result of this research is the Governor of Special Region of Yogyakarta No 31 Year 2010 on Domestic Workers in Yogyakarta after the government
of Yogyakarta passed the Mayor's Regulation No 48 Year 2011 on Domestic Workers has not been implemented well so socialization to the community need to be held, and a change and content/material addition in Mayor's Regulation No 48 Year 2011 on Domestic is needed.


In the present understanding of joint pathology, the exact pathogenic role of hydroxyapatite crystals, both periarticularand intraarticular, is not yet completely clear. An association between rapidly destructive osteoarthritis (OA) andhydroxyapatite or basic calcium crystals was confirmed. This is a case report of a 78-year old female patient presentingwith a five-month history of shoulder pain with swelling of both AC joints. Imaging showed a large bursitis starting in theAC joints of both shoulders. Synovial fluid analysis showed many hydroxyapatite crystals and no calcium pyrophosphateor sodium urate crystals, which confirmed the diagnosis of crystal-induced periarthropathy and AC arthritis. Theseperiarticular radiographic and synovial fluid findings are a frequent and known manifestation of hydroxyapatite crystaldeposition disease, similar to the intra-articular destructive "Milwaukee shoulder syndrome". Surgical intervention wasthe only therapeutic option to reduce the patient's shoulder pain.


Assessing ecological security of tourism destination has an important meaning of theories and practice and it is a precondition and foundation to study ecological security.Based on ecological footprint model,the paper designed a series of indexes system to assessing ecological security and set up a ratio I to make sure the situation of ecological security.Took Kaifeng city as an example,adopted the method of ecological footprint analyses and constructed evaluation method and indexes system.The result showed: Average ecological footprint of every person was 0.02361hm~2 in 2005,among transport was 88.9%,next food and drink was 7.72%.Average person tourism land carrying capacity was 0.04180hm~2 and ecological security degree was 0.56 which showed it was in a more safe condition.Compare to tourism environment capacity and synthetically indexes method,the result was more reasonable.Some problems and application foreground were also analyzed.


This study aimed to find out a portrayal of learning implementation using the discovery method by Islamic education teachers in the State Junior High School no. 01 of Ujan Mas, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. This study used a qualitative approach, and the informants were teachers, while the subjects observed were Islamic education (PAI) learning activities for grade VII students. In order to garner data in the field, two approaches were used, namely interviews and direct observation. Meanwhile, data analysis adopted the interactive model of Miles and his colleagues by analyzing the data based on four elements of analysis namely data collection, data condensation/data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. The conclusion of this study revealed that the implementation of discovery method began by determining learning objectives and determining the method written in the form of a lesson plan (RPP). This method was able to solve students' problems in learning processes and able to lead them to think independently.


The purpose of this study was to determine historical and physical factors associated with anterior knee pain in a cross section of athletic and nonathletic adolescents. We studied 142 high-school students, each of whom answered a questionnaire addressing athletic involvement and a history of knee pain. All subjects underwent a complete knee examination, and measurements of quadriceps girth, Q angle, lower extremity flexibility, and limb length. Forty-five percent of the subjects had a diagnosis of anterior knee pain including patellofemoral pain, patellar tendinitis, or tibial tuberosity pain. Significant correlations were found between anterior knee pain and several historical variables: current pain, pain with exercise, pain with stair climbing, the theater sign, and pain with routine activity. Painful quadriceps "setting" was significantly related to the diagnosis of anterior knee pain. Multiple regression analysis showed that a history of current pain and painful quadriceps setting accounted for 34% of the variance of the diagnosis of anterior knee pain. No other measurement variable, including Q angle, was related to the current diagnosis. We conclude that traditional historical variables associated with anterior knee pain contributed to its diagnosis in a cross section of adolescents. Anterior knee pain could not be predicted from structural measurements of lower extremities.


On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the recent theoretical researches on constitutive models and failure criteria for brick masonry, a combination of a useful constitutive model with a reasonable failure criterion is used for describing the behavior of brick masonry under the loading in plane. A finite element program of nonlinear analysis is compiled. The predicted results are found to be in good agreement with Andreau's results.


Background. The incidence of healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections in non-ventilated patients (NVA-HARTI) in neurosurgical intensive care units (ICU) is unknown. The impact of NVA-HARTI on patient outcomes and differences between NVA-HARTI and ventilator-associated healthcare-associated respiratory tract infections (VA-HARTI) are poorly understood. Our objectives were to report the incidence, hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and mortality in neurosurgical ICU and compare these characteristics between NVA- and VA-HARTI.Methods. This prospective cohort study was conducted in a neurosurgical ICU in Moscow from 2011 to 2020. All patients with ICU LOS >48h were included. Time trends were analyzed for all outcomes. A competing risk model was used for survival and risk analysis.Results. A total of 3,937 ICU admissions were analyzed. NVA-HARTI vs VA-HARTI results were: cumulative incidence 7.2 (6.4-8.0) vs 15.4 (14.2-16.5) per 100 ICU admissions, incidence rate 4.2±2.0 vs 9.5±3.0 per 1000 patient-days in the ICU, median LOS 32 [21; 48.5] vs 46 [28; 76.5] days, median ICU LOS 15 [10; 28.75] vs 26 [17; 43] days, and mortality rates 12.3% (7.9-16.8) vs 16.7% (13.6-19.7). The incidence of VA-HARTI decreased in ten years while NVA-HARTI incidence did not change. VA-HARTI was found to be an independent risk factor of death, odds ratio 1.54 (1.11-2.14), p-value=0.009 while NVA-HARTI was not.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that NVA-HARTI in neurosurgical ICU patients represents a significant healthcare burden with relatively high incidence and associated poor outcomes. NVA-HARTI appeared to be different from VA-HARTI and persisted despite preventive measures; therefore, extrapolating VA-HARTI research findings to NVA-HARTI should be avoided.


A GA-based BP network model was presented and applied to runoff prediction at Sanmenxia of the Yellow River.The model combined with GA for global optimization ability and BP neural network advantages of local search,to effectively prevent the network fall into a local minimum,at the same time guarantee the accuracy of prediction results.The simulation results show that,as for the annual runoff at Sanmenxia of the Yellow River from 1950 to 1985,the average relative error of GA-BP prediction model is 5.76%,but the average relative error of standard BP network prediction model is 11.05%,indicating that GA-BP prediction method is effective and feasible.


A brief status report on particulate, SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ control technology for industrial boilers is presented. While there are many techniques that are either in the laboratory, experimental or pilot plant stages, there are relatively few that can presently be considered adequately demonstrated. There are also fewer techniques that combine particulate, SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ control in one system that have been proven operationally on a full-scale basis over a reasonable period of time.


Hypernetted chain calculations are reported for pure liquid acetonitrile and for a 0.39 M acetonitrile solution of cryptate K+ 222, ClO−4. The obtained molecular correlations between solvent and solute particles are discussed in detail. It is found that the acetonitrile correlations are very similar in the pure liquid and in the solution. The solvation geometries around the cations and the anions are surprisingly unsymmetric and hence far from the picture which chemists currently use to describe ionic solvation. The theoretical results are compared to available wide‐angle neutron scattering data for the pure liquid and to small‐angle neutron scattering data for the cryptate solution. To our knowledge, this is the first integral equation study of molecular correlations in a real nonaqueous electrolyte solution.


We present a numerical study of twin-core fiber amplifiers to be used in WDM soliton communication systems. The equalization capability and the influence on the shape of soliton-like pulses are both investigated. Different pulse widths, corresponding to different bit-rate systems, are also considered.


This essay examines the stylistic and political ramifications of the radical aesthetics of Nightwood, focusing on Barnes's strategic deployment of...


Score equity assessment (SEA) refers to an examination of population invariance of equating across two or more subpopulations of test examinees. Previous SEA studies have shown that score equity may be present for examinees scoring at particular test score ranges but absent for examinees scoring at other score ranges. No studies to date have performed research for the purpose of understanding why score equity can be inconsistent across the score range of some tests. The purpose of this study is to explore a source of uneven subpopulation score equity across the score range of a test. It is hypothesized that the difficulty of anchor items displaying differential item functioning (DIF) is directly related to the score location at which issues of score inequity are observed. The simulation study supports the hypothesis that the difficulty of DIF items has a systematic impact on the uneven nature of conditional score equity.


BACKGROUND
Alloreactive donor T cells in marrow grafts mediate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but T-cell depletion has resulted in increased graft failure. Add-back of gene-modified alloreactive donor T cells could prevent graft rejection. After engraftment, in vivo depletion of those modified T cells with ganciclovir may control GVHD.

METHODS
Canine recipient-specific donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were retrovirally transduced with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene.

RESULTS
Gibbon ape leukemia virus-pseudotyped vector yielded primary CTL transduction efficiency of 22.9+/-9.9%. After selection and expansion, 96.7+/-0.8% of CTL expressed retrovirally transferred genes. Recipient-specific cytotoxic activity was maintained with 84.3% specific lysis. After ganciclovir treatment, herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-transduced CTL proliferation was reduced 98.7+/-0.2% compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONS
We have demonstrated efficient ex vivo transduction, expansion, maintenance of alloreactivity, and ganciclovir-mediated ablation of canine CTL, which will permit in vivo studies in the dog, a well-established model for GVHD and engraftment.


Objective To evaluate multi-spiral CT angiography in diagnosing cerebral aneurysm. Methods 25 cases with cerebral aneurysms were performed with multi-spiral CT scanning. SVR, Fly-through, CPR techniques were applied to post-process 3D-CTA images. CTA results were compared with DSA. Results 27 cerebral aneurysms in 25 patients were confirmed by DSA, 17 located in AcoA, 5 in MCA, 1 in ACA, 4 in PCA. 25 aneurysms were deteced by CTA, diagnosis rate was 92.6% (25/27). Conclusions Multi-spiral CT angiography is an important method in non-invasive diagnosis of cerebral aneurysm. Multi 3D-CT image post-process combination increases diagnosis reliability.


Production from oil and gas fields induces velocity changes and strains in the subsurface, which create time shifts between vintages of time-lapse seismic data. Recovering these time shifts can be useful for reservoir management, particularly through calibration of geomechanical models. Rickett et al. (2007) and Williamson et al. (2007) have shown that these shifts can be estimated using non-linear inversion of post-stack time-lapse seismic. These existing inversions of post-stack data assume that the seismic ray paths in all vintages are vertical. However, examining pre-stack time-lapse data shows that the recorded time shifts are offset dependent. To estimate the true subsurface changes we must invert pre-stack time-lapse seismic, which requires more accurate modelling of the seismic energy propagation. This abstract introduces a new tomographic inversion of pre-stack time-lapse seismic which aims at estimating the velocity changes that explain all pre-stack time shifts. We retain the assumption of the existing post-stack methods that the ray paths do not change between vintages, but discard the assumption that they are vertical. This allows a linear tomography system to be set up and solved for velocity change. We test this method on synthetic data and compare the results with an existing post-stack approach.


Chairs are items of furniture that are in direct contact with the human body – sometimes even for many hours a day. This is why the ergonomic aspect is one of the most important factors in the design process of this piece of furniture. Moreover, it is to a greater or lesser degree connected with other features of the final product, such as: aesthetics, strength and rigidity, stability as well as the cost of materials and production. By reaching a good enough compromise between these features a numerical optimisation of a chair can be arrived at. In this paper mathematical descriptions of the above features are proposed with the aim of preparing an optimisation model of a chair. The decision variable box was formed by a set of selected furniture dimensions and the limiting conditions were to be realised indirectly by minimisation or maximisation of a goal function. The analysis of selected features as well as the expected result of the calculation leads to the conclusion that in order to achieve the best chair project from an ergonomic point of view, a polyoptimisation is required in which many features are considered simultaneously.


The torsional potential function for methyl rotation in dimethyl ether (DME) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) has been determined by utilizing ab initio (Hartree–Fock and MP2) and density functional theory (B3LYP, B3P86, and B3PW91) methods along with several basis sets. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis was also applied to investigate the origin of the rotational barrier.


Histochemical methods specific for carbohydrate constituents distinguish a number of widely different entities in several types of gastric epithelial cells in the dog.


The preparation and applications of radioactive isotopes by the CS-30 cyclotron in Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology of Sichuan University was briefly introduced.Until now,several isotopes,such as 109Cd,57Co,211At,98Tc and 123I have been produced.Among the isotopes,211At labeled compounds were prepared and preliminarily evaluated in vitro and in vivo.In the future,some other isotopes,such as 62Zn(62Zn-62Cu),64Cu,67Cu,67Ga,18F,201Tl,67Ga and 111In will be explored,so as to promote the development and application of the accelerator-produced nuclides.


During the past four years twenty-six of my private patients with pyloric stenosis have been operated on by the Rammstedt method. Twenty-four were operated on by Downes at the Babies' Hospital, one by Downes at St. Luke's and one by Jennings at the Brooklyn Hospital. In the cases reported, seventeen were boys and nine were girls. The sex in my series of cases agrees with the observation of Still, who reported that among forty-two cases, thirty-five were males. Ibrahim found boys affected four times as often as girls. Thirteen patients represented the first pregnancy, six the second, five the third, one the fourth and one the fifth. In one, a second pregnancy, the first-born also had pyloric stenosis and died after gastro-enterostomy. All were full-term infants. The ages at the time of operation ranged from 3 to 16 weeks. Fourteen were 6 weeks old or less, four were under 4


This is an excellent upgrade to a well known text. The book's primary audience remains the nursing student training in the UK. However, Physiology for Nursing Practice will also appeal to trained nurses needing to refresh their knowledge of the subject.


This article is intended to cover the major issues of lost possible selves and their relationship with psychological well-being. A brief review of contemporary studies devoted to the phe-nomenon of lost possible selves was made. The results of an empirical study of the content and parameters of lost possible selves and their connection with the components of subjective well-being on a sample of online volunteers are presented. The study involved 42 respondents, and the average age was 27 years. Participants filled in a modified questionnaire for studying Possible Selves phenomenon, filled in the E. Diener Life Satisfaction Scale, S. Lubomirski Scale image of self, the frequency of reference to it and self-acceptance has also been revealed. There is a positive relationship between the significance of lost possible selves and positive relation-ships with others and personal growth; between the ability to realize lost possible selves and personal growth. The results of the study reveal that parameters of lost possible selves — such as significance, actions taken for their realization, frequency of appealing and confidence in the ability to realize them — predict changes of the indicators of the components of psychological well-being. The results also indicate that lost possible selves do not leave people's lives, but continue to exist, determining the characteristics of their psychological well-being.


Repetitive high-voltage square pulses are of great importance for producing long-pulse electron beams and high-power microwaves. One of possible technologies for the generation of such pulses is a Marx generator using pulse forming network (PFN) stages, often combined with a pulse sharpening technique to reduce the rise time to a few nanoseconds (peaking stage). This paper presents an innovative design, named the "zigzag design," for the optimization of the compactness and of the rise time of 400-kV–85-ns PFN-Marx. Thanks to this design, the 16 stages of this generator, which delivers an open circuit output voltage of 720 kV, fit in a 650-mm length. For a slightly overmatched load ( $Z_{\mathrm {load}} = 100 ~\Omega$ ), the output voltage reaches 400 kV with a rise time as less as 5 ns. The inductance reduction associated with the innovative zigzag design, which allows this sharp rise time with no need for a peaking stage, is described. The 85-ns plateau duration of the pulse is given by the PFN construction of each stage, which is based on six ceramic capacitors (2.1 nF–45 kV) connected within a strip line. The 16 PFN stages are housed in a 360-mm diameter gas pressurized vessel. Burst mode operation for a duration of 10 s at a pulse repetition frequency of 100 Hz is reported, for a resistive load and for the electron beam diode of a X-band relativistic backward-wave oscillator (BWO). To reach further compactness, the BWO system is integrated on side of the generator vessel and a U-shaped gas pressurized line connects both systems through a compact conical vacuum insulator.


Aspergillus peritonitis is a rare but serious cause of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. We report 2 cases of peritonitis caused by Aspergillus niger in CAPD which were treated successfully with voriconazole and caspofungin, respectively, and catheter removal. Both patients initially received amphotericin B; however, they were not cured with the agent. We briefly discuss the proper selection of antifungal agent and the treatment duration. Previously reported cases of the CAPD peritonitis caused by A. Niger are also reviewed in this article.


Mixed life cycle stages of rat‐derived Pneumocystis carinii were isolated from host lungs and their sterols were compared with those present in lungs from normal and immunosuppressed uninfected rats. Gas‐liquid chromatography consistently detected, resolved, and quantified 9, 10, and 20 sterol components in the total nonsaponifiable neutral lipid fraction of lungs from normal rats, lungs from immunosuppressed uninfected rats, and P. carinii preparations, respectively. In all samples, cholesterol was the most abundant sterol present, comprising 97%, 93%, and 78% of total sterols in lungs from normal rats, lungs from immunosuppressed uninfected rats, and P. carinii, respectively. Tentative identifications of several rat lung and P. carinii minor sterols were made based on gas‐liquid chromatogram retention times and fragmentation patterns from mass spectral analyses. Campesterol (ergost‐5‐en‐3‐ol), cholest‐5‐en‐3‐one, and β‐sitosterol (stigmast‐5‐en‐3‐ol) were among the minor components present in both types of lung controls, and were also components of P. carinii sterols. In contrast to lung controls, the sterols of P. carinii were enriched in C28 and C29 sterols with one or two double bonds, and a hydroxyl group at C‐3 (ergost‐5‐en‐3‐ol, ergost‐7‐en‐3‐ol, ergosta‐dien‐3‐ol, stigmast‐5‐en‐3‐ol, stigmast‐7‐en‐3‐ol and stigmasta‐dien‐3‐ol). Steryl esters of P. carinii, probably stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets, were dominated by those present in the host lung. In separate studies. 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A activity, a key enzyme in the regulation of sterol biosynthesis, was detected in purified P. carinii preparations and incorporation of radiolabeled squalene and mevalonate was observed. Together, these results suggest that the parasite readily takes up and incorporates host sterols, and that the organism synthesizes some of its own "metabolic sterols"


The impact of large dams on fish communities is much better documented than that of weirs. This paper investigates the influence of weirs on fish community patterns along a piedmont river (the River Viaur). Presence/absence of species was obtained distant from a weir (NW), and immediately downstream (DW) and immediately upstream (UW) of the weir. More than half of the species captured were non‐native, probably introduced when upstream reservoirs were built. Most of these species were eurytopic or limnophilic. Species richness at UW sites and the number of introduced species found at each site did not depend on the distance from the source (DFS). UW sites had more introduced and limnophilic species than NW sites. Conversely, NW had more rheophilic species than UW. Furthermore, total species richness (SRT) was higher at DW than NW suggesting a direct influence of the weir on the downstream community. UW sites were characterized by the presence of tench, roach and bleak which were scarce in NW sites where brown trout predominated. Weirs appear to modify habitat to favour the colonization of introduced species, and therefore have influenced the structure of fish communities. The study underlines the importance of local conditions in artificially‐influenced rivers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background: Burns is a serious health problem and is the most common injury among paediatric patients. Paediatric burns are usually caused by accidental spillage of hot liquids. These are typically partial thickness burns. Study aimed at clinico demographic and outcome of acute paediatric scald burns Material and Method: Forty patients with scald burn less than 12 years of age,with less than 60% TBSA burns admitted under the burn care unit during Jan 2018 to Jan 2019 were included in the present study. Children suffering with electrical, chemical, ame burns and scald burns more than 60% TBSA were excluded from the study. Patients were categorized according to the patient's age and sex, length of hospital stay, percentage of burns,wound management and complications. Result: Total of 40 paediatric scald burns admitted in the burn care unit were followed up for the nal outcome of burns. There were 23 male and 17 female children admitted during the period of study. Among them, 27 were below the age of 5 years. 72.5% of the children had <30% of the burn and 27.5% had more than 30% but less than 60% burn. The total survival rate was 92.5% and death rate was 7.5%. Conclusion: Majority of patient's burn wounds healed well with collagen dressing. Few needed skin grafting after 3 weeks. For most of the paediatric scald burns collagen dressing is the best skin replacement.


We need linguistic knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar in order to understand English sentences. Besides, we need to understand English sentence structures. I have been teaching 'English Reading' in a college for several years. When I began to teach this subject, I thought that only one semester would be enough to enable college students to understand complex English sentences. This was due to my mere assumption that they might have acquired the sufficient knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar because they were students of English Department. As a result, my teaching concentrated on the structures of English complex sentences such as relative clauses. After a few years of teaching, however, I came to realize that one semester was not enough to teach English Reading. The basic reason for the conclusion was that they were short of knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar. Without deep knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar, it would be almost impossible to develop the ability of reading English. In order to help my students, I think now that I have no choice but to teach not only sentence structures but also English grammar. It will take long time and require a great deal of labor.


Estimates have been made of the electron affinities of the following elements: He(∼+0.), Li(0.5), Be(∼+0.), B(0.3), N(0.2), Ne(∼+0.), Na(0.7), Mg(∼+0.), Al(0.4), Si(1.9), P(0.8) ev. The known electron affinities of the other elements of the first two groups of the periodic table form the basis of the graphical method. It involves the variation of screening constants derived from the ionization potentials of isoelectronic sequences.


Abstract : We are here today to present the results of our review of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program, which we performed for your subcommittee. As a nation competing in a global economy, the United States depends heavily on innovation through research and development. The Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982, which authorized the SBIR program, directs agencies with sizeable external research and development budgets to set aside a portion of these budgets for projects by eligible small businesses. It emphasizes the benefits of technological innovation and the ability of small businesses to transform the results of research into new products. In reauthorizing the program in 1992, the Congress stated its intention to expand and improve the program, emphasize the program's goal of increasing the private sector's commercialization of technology developed through federal research and development, and improve the federal government's dissemination of information on the program.


Abstract Studying perceptions of litter and littering behavior among marginalized, poor and undeveloped communities is important since these populations frequently inhabit important conservation sites. Jisr-A-Zarqa ("Jisr"), is a coastal town on the Mediterranean shores of Israel and one of Israel's poorest, densely populated communities. Litter accumulation in the streets and beach of Jisr is a known problem, and its proximity to the nearby stream and beach makes the study of littering important for the conservation of the coastal and marine habitats. I studied residents' perceptions of litter and littering practices and found that littering and waste accumulation are surface indicators of profound underlying social, economic and political constraints, problems and distresses. These must be considered as an integrated context and addressed when designing litter-reducing interventions.


With his work, De animalibus insectis (1602), Ulisse Aldrovandi occupies a prominent place in the history of entomology. Of particular interest in this volume are the many original descriptions and woodcuts of insects. Partly due to the 'Tavole di animali' [Tables of animals] − illustrations drawn and watercoloured by hand, made by the author previously for the realization of the woodcuts for the printed book − some of them can be identified at genus or species level. For a large number of insects, Aldrovandi's descriptions and illustrations are the oldest in the entomological literature. Three adult antlions and one adult green lacewing are recognizable in the book and have already been studied; hypothetical larvae of green lacewings can be added and are recorded here. Among the butterflies and moths, there is another rather enigmatic insect, which could be an owlfly (ascalaphid), though there is some uncertainty due to discrepancies between its colouring in the 'Tavole di animali' and its description in the book. This paper deals with the possible identification of this insect as an ascalaphid and outlines the origin and meaning of the term 'ascalaph'.


Although responsible for five deaths per day in the United Kingdom, the pathophysiology behind the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (Sids) remains unknown. Not surprisingly, therefore, attempts have been made to prevent deaths by empirical methods. With the hypothesis that a cessation of breathing or a slowing of heart rate will occur prior to death from any cause, monitors to detect these changes have been developed and used on infants thought to be at increased risk of SIDS. The hypothesis presumes that by the time such changes are detected by the monitor there will be adequate time to resuscitate the infant without irreversible damage, and that infants at high risk of Sids can be identified.


The cultural soft power is an important part of the comprehensive national strength and the international competitiveness.To win the initiative in the fierce international competitions,China should promote its cultural soft power.For this reason,measures should be taken to construct the core values,to promote the national qualities,to enhance the cultural communication,to try to produce innovations in cultural system,to build cultural bases in both urban and rural communities,and to establish preferable environment for the spreading of the Chinese culture.In this way the soft power can be well improved.


This thesis explores the potential of the 'one-two punch' therapy, in which cancer cells are first induced to senescence with a first drug, and subsequently targeted by a second (senolytic) drug.
In chapter 2, a customized CRISPR-Cas9 genetic screen has been developed to screen for genes that upon knock-out induce senescence. This genetic screen leads to the discovery that ULK1-inhibitors induce senescence in lung, but also in liver, colon, and pancreas cancer cells. Furthermore, it is shown that these senescent cancer cells undergo apoptosis after treatment with ABT-263, a senolytic drug that antagonizes anti-apoptotic proteins.
In chapter 3 is sought for common features of senescent cancer cells that would identify universal vulnerabilities and allow unambiguous detection of senescent cancer cells. It appeared that cell lines derived from various cancer types are heterogeneous in their response to ABT-263, their transcriptome, and the SASP factors they express. To find shared expression patterns between the heterogeneous expression patterns of senescent cancer cells, artificial intelligence is used to build the 'SENCAN classifier model'. This algorithm can predict the probability that cells are senescent using transcriptome data.
In chapter 4, the main focus is to find the underlying mechanisms that explain the variability of response to senolytic ABT-263. As ABT-263 acts as an inhibitor of anti-apoptotic proteins, the apoptosis pathway is investigated with BH3 profiling, a technique that measures how close cells are to cell death (apoptotic priming). This technique elucidates that cell lines with a high senolytic response to ABT-263 are more primed to apoptosis, not only in senescent but already in their parental state. Overall, this study shows that senolytic sensitivity is already determined in the parental state, possibly providing a predictive biomarker for the response to senotherapies.
In chapter 5, the aim was to identify possible resistance mechanisms to senolytic killing with ABT-263. Where CRISPR/Cas9 resistance screens in proliferating cells rely on the outgrowth of resistant colonies to amplify their gRNA signal, a resistance screen in non-proliferating senescent cells comes with specific adaptations. In this chapter, recommendations are provided on how to perform resistance screens in senescent cells for senolytics.
In chapter 6, the research focus is to find a senolytic treatment strategy superior to ABT-263 to kill senescent cancer cells. From a genetic screen, cFLIP is identified as a gene that is essential for the survival of senescent cancer cells. This leads to the finding that senescent cancer cells are more sensitive to the stimulation of extrinsic apoptosis with TRAIL or DR5 agonist in preclinical models. Forthcoming studies will determine whether this therapeutic method will enhance the treatment of cancer patients.
In chapter 7, the overall conclusion is that the heterogeneity of senescent cancer cells provides a challenge for the clinical development of the one-two punch strategy, but that various studies also describe various immune-enhancing effects of senescent tumor cells that stimulate tumor killing. Overall, senescence is expected to remain an interesting cancer research area in the coming decades.


The withstand voltage capability of a cylindrical solid insulator can be improved considerably by incorporating a concave geometry. in the insulator ends at the contact region with the conductors. It is found that the higher the value of the angle ¿between the curved edgèof the insulator and the ambient field the lower is the value of the tangential field at the triple junction. The influence of the relative dielectric constant of the material and the length of the insulator on the field at the triple junction is found to be negligibly small. Measurements of the. flashover voltage in. ultrahigh vacuum (< 10-8 Torr) are conducted for cylindrical rods made of glass-ceramic with concave curvature at both-ends. ¿is varied in the range 0-65°. The DC, AC and 1.2/50 Ps lightning impulse flashover voltages are between 20 to 30% higher than the respective voltages of a straight cylindrical insulator of the same thickness. The DC pre-stress has negligible influence (< 10%) on the subsequent combined DC + impulse and DC + AC flashover voltages, of a concave insulator made of Macor glass-ceramic.


We propose a hierarchical CNN model for the recognition of confusable similar handwritten Chinese characters, which are automatically extracted from a large character set by utilizing a classifier's recognition result. The proposed hierarchical CNN model takes advantage of deep networks and traditional hierarchical methods, and consists of two stages, which are expected to differentiate inter-group characters and intra-group characters, respectively. Different from traditional ways of expanding depth and/or width of general sole classifier CNNs, we explore the way of designing multiple parallel CNN classifiers to capture critical regions of similar characters. Each classifier along with their feature extraction layers is trained only with a group of similar characters so that the subtle shape difference can be captured. Totally, 368 similar characters (categorized into 172 groups) are extracted from 3755 frequently used Chinese characters. Experimental results on these similar characters demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method to the expanded CNN models.


The adsorption behavior and mechanism of Levulinic acid (LA) with ion exchange technique were studied. Under optional reaction system, the influence on the ion exchange process including the granularities of resin,concentration of LA,Speeds of Stirring and temperature were investigated by batch ion-exchange method. Moving Boundary Model was applied to describe the kinetics of exchange process. The results show that the dominant procedure is ion diffusion through particles. The influence of stir speed and temperature on the adsorption r is little, the adsorption rate increases with the raise of primary consistency of LA. The rate constant of exchange (k0), order reaction (n) and the apparent activation energy reaction (Ea) were obtained: k0=0.8315, n=0.5313, Ea=9.504kJ/mol and the kinetics equation was obtained too.


When we think of colour experience in architecture, the judgement of perceived colour, which is affected by the human perceptual system, is critically important because the goal of architectural design is to construct the human-centric environment. However, recording observers' judgement of the perceived colour is not always easy in field surveys. Recently, several methods have been developed to measure perceived colour. In this study we propose to use portable tablet devices in consideration of its easiness to carry and use in the actual architectural field survey. The validity of the method using portable tablet devices to judge perceived colour is verified by comparing its performance with that of the conventional colour matching method, with the help of colour charts. Experimental results show that the proposed method has sufficient validity for the judgement of perceived colour in spaces under sufficient light by matching the correlated colour temperature on the tablet display to that of the surrounding light.


The utility model relates to a passive peak value follower circuit. The passive peak value follower circuit comprises an input diode, an output diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a capacitor. The negative electrode of an input resistor is the input end of the passive peak value follower circuit, the positive electrode of the input resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the output diode, and the negative electrode of the output diode is the output end of the passive peak value follower circuit. The positive electrode of the input diode and the positive electrode of the output diode are connected together and then are connected with one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with a power source. One end of the second resistor and one end of the capacitor are both connected with the negative electrode of the output diode, and the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both connected to the signal ground. The passive peak value follower circuit has high response speed and reliability, is low in cost and can meet the demand of a peak value detection circuit.


Objective:To study the curative effect and the influencing factors about the treatment of lung cancer insenility by administration into bronchinal artery infusion(BAI).Methods: Selective angiograraph of the bronchial arrery was performed by Selddinger method.After the target artery was found.three kinds of the combination chemotherapeutic drugs were administered.respecitively,then the curative effect and influencing factor were observed.Results:①The total effecitv rate of the 101 lung cancer cases in seninlity was 90.10%,it was 81.18% in the central type,it was 65.71%in the peripheral type.②In groups with and without metastasis of extrapulmonary lymphode,the effective rate was 70.21%and 61.11% respectively.③The influence of different combination of chemotherapeutic drugs on the curative effect was 56.09%,44.14% and 52.88% respectively.④As for the tumor with and without lateral branch circulation supplied.The effective rars 85.70%and 65.30%respectively.⑤The influence of the new-grow blood vessels in tumor:the less blood vessls was 45.81%;the mean was 65.63%;the more was 75.56%.Conclusion:Conrrast administration into the selective bronchinal arery with ioto the venous drips,the curative effect of the treatment of lung cancer inbut wasn't connected with the combination of the drugs,the mentasis of lymphnode,and etc.


Of five techniques studied for assaying the biological activity of acaricides against 3-month-old nymphs of Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Food and Agriculture Organization, filter paper dip, filter paper residue, pipet, and teabag), the pipet method provided the best combination of precision and ease of use. This method (test specimens sealed inside a disposable pipet that hat been previously dipped in an acaricide-acetone solution and allowed to dry) was used to establish base-line dosage-mortality data for A. americanum for 14 acaricides. Amitraz, permethrin, chlorpyrifos, and lindane, in that order, were most toxic based on LD90 values. The remaining compounds ranked from most to least toxic were: carbaryl, stirofos. diazinon, coumaphos, dioxathion, phosmet, toxaphene, methoxychlor, ronnel, and malathion.


The emergence of bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents continues to be an important clinical problem, although it is not shared equally by all bacterial species and classes of antibacterial agent. Gram-negative bacteria exhibit numerous drug resistance mechanisms, such as plasmid or chromosomally-mediated β-lactamases, outer membrane permeability changes that confer resistance to β-lactams and other drugs and enzymes capable of modifying non-β-lactam drugs, such as the aminoglycosides. This has led to increased resistance among Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae as well as Enterobacter spp. and among glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, such as Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Burkholderia spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . Recent years have seen Gram-positive bacteria re-emerging as important nosocomial pathogens. Current resistance problems among Gram-positive species include methicillin resistance in staphylococci, penicillin resistance in pneumococci and vancomycin resistance in enterococci. Some organisms have acquired multiple drug resistance mechanisms making them virtually untreatable with contemporary antibacterial agents. Determination of current resistance patterns and the most appropriate empirical antibacterial treatment is best achieved by bacterial surveillance. This can be done in individual hospitals, nationally between hospitals and internationally between countries. Microbiological surveillance provides vital information on the pathogens isolated from patients, particular hospital environments, and other sources, together with common patterns of antibacterial susceptibility. Surveillance is likely to be of greatest benefit in environments such as intensive care units (ICUs), where patients are at a particular risk of acquiring nosocomial infection. Other benefits include the early detection of antibacterial resistance in specific bacteria and a reduction in the inappropriate use of antibacterial agents. Studies have shown that infection control measures together with microbiological surveillance can significantly reduce infection rates and hospital costs. However, currently the collection of bacterial susceptibility data is incomplete and comprehensive national and international data are not yet established or the information is not made widely available.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the response of bone to chronic long-term growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) excess by measuring the expression of selected mRNA and microRNA (miR) in bone tissue samples of patients with active acromegaly.

DESIGN
Case-control study.

METHODS
Bone tissue samples were obtained during transsphenoidal adenomectomy from the sphenoid bone (sella turcica) from 14 patients with clinically and biochemically confirmed acromegaly and 10 patients with clinically non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) matched by sex and age. Expression of genes involved in the regulation of bone remodeling was studied using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

RESULTS
Of the genes involved in osteoblast and osteoclast activity, only alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA was 50% downregulated in patients with acromegaly. GH excess caused increased expression of the Wnt signaling antagonists (DKK1) and agonists (WNT10B) and changes in the levels of miR involved in mesenchymal stem cell commitment to chondrocytes (miR-199a-5p) or adipocytes (miR-27-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-188-3p) P < 0.05; q < 0.1. Relevant compensatory mechanisms were found through the changes in miR involved in osteoblastogenesis (miR-210-5p, miR-135a-5p, miR-211, miR-23a-3p, miR-204-5p), but the expression of TWIST1 was 50% downregulated and RUNX2 was unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS
Acromegaly had minimal effects on tested mRNAs specific to osteoblast or osteoclast function except for downregulated ALP expression. The expressions of miR known to be involved in mesenchymal stem cell commitment and downregulated TWIST1 expression suggest acromegaly has a negative effect on osteoblastogenesis.


Based on the practice which is made in consulting by the author,and also mixing with the characteristics of forestry construction project,such technical methods as the principle,the process,the main points while assessing are studied preliminarily.This essay especially points out that the ecological impact is the outstanding characteristics for forestry construction project,and is also the core contents of environmental impact assessment.Finally,the case of Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland assessment is enumerated for discussion.


Dietary compounds capable of improving metabolic profiles would be of great value, especially for overweight individuals undergoing a CR regimen. Cur, a possible anti‐obesity compound, and Pip, an anti‐inflammatory agent and plausible enhancer of Cur bioavailability, may emerge as bioactive compounds to modulate energy metabolism. In our previous study, single treatment with Cur or Pip plus CR had no effect on body weight reduction, or in percent body fat. However, the combined Cur and Pip treatment reduced percent of total body fat as measured by MRI without having significant effect on total body weight, plasma glucose and insulin levels. Here, we focused on inflammatory markers in plasma of the obese mice under CR. CR obese mice with both Cur and Pip supplementation showed significantly lower IL‐1β and KC/GRO. Hence, these cytokines would be attenuated by anti‐inflammatory activity of Pip itself or possibly by additive anti‐inflammatory property of Pip with CR and/or Cur. The decrease in these cytokines may not have direct relation with the modifying effect of Pip on Cur metabolism, since chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry showed that there were virtually no differences in Cur metabolite levels in plasma of CR obese mice fed Cur alone or together with Pip. Our results provide new insight to further investigate mechanisms by which inclusion of Cur and/or Pip in the diet may enhance metabolic profiles of CR. Supported by USDA contract 58‐1950‐0‐014.


This article is an analysis of the unique needs of returning service members at the college or university level that impact the teaching decisions made by instructors. The article also discusses the challenges that service members are individually addressing while acclimating themselves to their new environment of learning. With the reduction in forces occurring after the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, many higher level learning institutions are struggling to adequately meet the needs of returning veterans. In turn, veterans often find that the style of instruction and the general college-level universe are difficult to negotiate. The combination of these factors can often result in veteran students performing below expectation or leaving school without finishing. The article proposes a variety of ways to understand and address these challenges including the use of Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) strategies and characteristics.


Numerous studies have been conducted on sensor-equipped face masks for monitoring respiratory diseases. However, these studies have some drawbacks, including bulky solid-state components, poor comfort-ability, and difficulty in seamless integration onto the mask. In this paper, a new smart face mask is proposed that integrates embroidered radio frequency identification (RFID) tags with temperature sensing capabilities. Two antenna designs, a slotted patch and an S-shaped, were designed, studied, fabricated, and compared. The proposed S-shaped antenna design was found to be more stable under bending deformation and could be seamlessly embroidered onto the mask, creating a system that wirelessly monitors the respiration rate and temperature changes of individuals or respiratory disease patients in real-time. The proposed RFID embroidered mask can reach a reading range of 1 meter on face and over 1.8 meters in air, which has the potential to allow medical personnel to monitor the respiration conditions of patients in a ward. The stability and effectiveness of respiration monitoring have been verified in this study. This research can enhance the development of smart face masks and improve the care of patients with respiratory disease.


With the development of social information technology , the application of network technology is extensive , Chinese is an important subject in higher vocational colleges , and it is also the core subject of humanities education .The current network technology has been widely used in the teaching of education , which has promoted the teaching efficiency .In the network environment, we should gradually abandon the traditional education and teaching methods, and seek a cultural environment suitable for the characteristics of the times. This paper analyzes the construction of Chinese teaching mode in higher vocational colleges under the network environment, and puts forward some corresponding measures.


The pattern of zero entries in the inverse covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution corresponds to conditional independence restrictions between variables. The structure is most conveniently summarized in a graphical model (Lauritzen, 1996). Covariance selection (Dempster, 1972) aims at estimating those structural zeros from data. The complexity of standard covariance selection methods is, however, very high, making inference of all but lowdimensional graphs infeasible. Moreover, existence of the MLE estimate cannot be guaranteed and the performance of the method is poor if the number of observations is small compared to the number of variables. We propose neighborhood selection with the Lasso as a computationally attractive alternative to standard covariance selection for sparse high-dimensional graphs. Neighborhood selection estimates the conditional independence restrictions separately for each node in the graph. We show that the proposed neighborhood selection scheme is consistent for sparse high-dimensional graphs. The consistency hinges on the choice of the penalty parameter. The oracle value for optimal prediction does not lead to a consistent neighborhood estimate. It is proposed instead to control the probability of falsely joining some distinct connectivity components of the graph. This leads to consistent estimation for sparse graphs (with exponential rates), even when the number of variables grows like the number of observations raised to an arbitrary power.


The purpose of this letter is to call attention to the availability of a technical report on the chronic radiation syndrome (CRS) which may be obtained from the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI). Pursuant to facilitating communications between radiation scientists in the United States and the former Soviet Union, AFRRI and the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) have provided small amounts of funding for scientists in the former Soviet Union to conduct pilot experiments or to pursue critical archiving documentation and/or analysis of existing data. The overarching goal was to augment the process whereby important newly available data or ideas could be communicated outside the former Soviet Union for evalua-


This paper is about a studio design project for third year interior architecture students, which challenges notions of cultural identity through the milieu of politics. The studio project emerged from a recognition that traditions of interdisciplinarity, especially between the discipline of anthropology and architectural theory, have contributed to generally unreflective assumptions about the cultural identity of building designers and students. These assumptions make cross cultural design teaching problematic. Investigation led to the conclusion that through risky and new approaches to studio projects anesthetised interdisciplinary assumptions can be overcome. The paper focused mostly on the theoretical context for the studio rather than the processes or outcomes within the studio. In that sense, the paper is not so much educational as theoretical and so it sets the scene for the type of studio project described. The studio design project is based on the premise that the Communist Party of Australia, in order to remain financially viable, must adopt the same policy towards capitalism as other communist parties. In short, this means that the Communist Party of Australia will have to become involved in new open-ness, private property and, in short, a commercial venture. to contemporary musical


Objective To investigate the clinical effect of telescopic denture used in patients with most tooth defect.Methods 15 patients with most tooth defect received 18 telescopic denture treatment.From 0.5-2.0 years after treatment when the patients almost coped with their telescopic dentures,their personal feelings,the mastication efficiency,the retention and the stability of denture,and X-ray examination were investigated when callback.Results After treatment,most patients felt satisfying with the fitness,good looking,the retention and stability of denture.12 cases of them had used the traditional removable partial dentures before feel obviously that the attachment dentures were more beautiful and comfortable.Conclusion The telescopic denture is a more reasonable and effective in restoring most tooth defect disease.


: This paper discusses the evaluation of the effect of child insurance work in primary hospitals in the form of families, which is a new and effective model of child insurance in primary hospitals in the form of families, and the child insurance work in primary hospitals in the form of families can be better realized in grassroots hospitals, which is conducive to improving the capacity of child insurance services in primary hospitals, conducive to the transformation of child insurance work from institutionalization to family, and can better meet the demand for child insurance services, thereby promoting the development of child insurance work nationwide.


Web-based virtual laboratory of communication theory is developed based on LabVIEW simulation platform,by which telenet experiments of communication theory are realized.Laboratory's overall structure and implementation of various functions are introduced in detail.


Higher education is highly appreciated by the public as well as policy-makers in Vietnam. The current boom of colleges and universities, however, has raised doubts on their quality. Using Labor Force Survey 2007, this paper aims at examining the impact of higher education on individual earnings in the labor market with a special focus on impact heterogeneity across the population. Applying OLS, Propensity Score Matching and IV methods, the author finds relatively large returns that greatly vary across individuals. Interestingly, a unique Heterogeneous Treatment Effects analysis reveals evidence for Negative Selection Hypothesis: those who are less likely to obtain tertiary education tend to benefit more from it.


The Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey was selected as M4 mission in the ESA Cosmic Vision programme. This mission will study the chemical composition of exoplanetary atmospheres via high resolution, multi-wavelength spectroscopy with high photometric precision. These tasks demand highly stable pointing during operation, which is provided by a dedicated Fine Guiding Sensor (FGS). The FGS uses two MCT detectors operating in 0.6-1.95μm range. The instrument provides target identification and centroid measurements to the spacecraft forming a closed loop in the guiding. In addition, the FGS detectors are also used for science including photometric and spectral windows. Our instrument contains it own Data Processing Unit (DPU). This is a dual core LEON-based computer running the Instrument Application Software (IASW). The software implements a large number of ECSS services to fulfill the various operating needs. The mission-specific modes cover target acquisition and tracking tasks, processing of the photometric and spectral windows as well as various calibration modes. Aside from that, the thermal control is also handled by the FGS software. The science data need to be compressed in a lossless manner. In this respect we build upon our experiences gathered in our contributions to the ESA missions Herschel and Cheops. While the science data processing has only soft real-timing needs, the centroiding is critical to run and provide results as fast as possible. We present the architectural design of the software particularly highlighting the low-level software adaptations needed to support the high demands from the centroid timing. The presented overview will cover the current development status of the IASW with a detailed look at the design and expected performance of the algorithms. Furthermore, we will present our development and testing workflow, which is built upon our own EGSE software.


The ion-molecule and the radical-molecule mechanisms are responsible for the dissociation of hydrocarbons, and chlorosilane monomers and the formation of polymerized species, respectively, in the plasma state of a RF discharge. In the plasma, of a mixture of monomer with Ar, the rate determining step for both dissociation and polymerization is governed by an ion-molecular type interaction. Additions of H2 or NH3 to the monomer Ar(+) mixture transforms the rate determining step from an ion-molecular interaction to a radical-molecule type interaction for both monomer dissociation and polymerization processes.


The Greek mythological theology, one of the important ideological resources of Western culture, originated from the combination of the ancient Greece history and the ancient humanitarian spirit. So tracing back to the origin of the Greek culture, the theological idea contained in its mythology, can help to extend the research space of mythology, help to tap the unique spiritual value of culture, and help to provide a basis of grasping the inner of relationships between the Greek mythology and religion, between the Greek spiritual faith and the historical culture. Hence it is of great revelations.


Sweden is today, one of the most industrialised nations of the world, and as such, one of the most ethnically diverse countries in terms of immigrants. Of a total population of just over 9 million ...


The stylized naturalistic herbaceous perennial planting is the most innovative approach in the urban landscape (Dunnett and Hitchmough, 2007; Oudolf and Kingsbury, 2014; Rainer and West, 2015). The characteristic beautiful prairies and meadows ecosystem (Schmithals and Kuhn, 2017; Hitchmough, 2017), as well as the herbaceous understory vegetation (Martinek, 2004; Hillová, 2010; Schulte, 2017) became the most frequent sources of inspiration for landscape designers around the world. The enrichment of herbaceous layers is an essential part of recreation of urban woodland and urban parks in last decades (Gilbert and Anderson, 2004; Brunet, 2007). Enhancement of attractive field layer species has been possible by natural succession processes (Gilbert and Anderson, 2004; Brunet, 2007; Onaindia et al., 2013) or management interventions (Martinek, 2004; Riedel et al., 2007). Natural colonization was found out to be very poor and slow and should build out from cores of ancient woodland for optimal ground vegetation development. However, many typical forest species are not able to disperse across open fields (Brunet, 2007) and are not able to persist through competitive aggressive ruderal weed species (Francis, 1998; Hill, 2002). Without effective control of these competitive species, any attempts to either encourage or actively introduce other less competitive ground layer species (by sowing or planting) are likely to be unsuccessful (Hill, 2002). The successful herbaceous plant introduction by direct enhancement techniques to increase species diversity and additional correct management may be a long-term benefit in the appearance, use, ecology and provision of wildlife habitat (Woodland, 2005). Mixed planting is the simplest way to establish a multipurpose and dynamic perennial community in low maintained urban parks. The affordable perennial mixes which combine attractiveness with low maintenance were developed under the auspices of the German Federation of Plant Nurseries (BdS) (Riedel et al., 2007; Schulte, 2017). This has become an excellent tool for practitioners who may be possible to ensure quality and functional introduction of semi-shade and shade tolerant herb layers into low maintained urban parks. The aim of this research project was to investigate the performance of diverse herbaceous perennials mixtures in low maintained urban woodland edges. The key research questions were as follows: " What effects does the structure of woody plant species have on the establishment success of understorey planting mixtures?


Landsat imagery covering the Hopi Buttes and Snowflake d is tr ic ts of northeast Arizona was analyzed in an e ffo rt to aid in uranium exploration. Selection of these areas allowed for the exploration of uranium occurring within diatremes, as in the Hopi Buttes d is tr ic t , and within conventional sandstone units , as in the Snowflake d is tr ic t . I t was fe l t that i f lineaments, indicating possible fa u lts , mapped from Landsat imagery could be correlated to known uranium deposits, such correlations could provide a basis for additional and more intensive exploration. The id en tifica tio n of lineaments was greatly improved by applying computer enhancement techniques to the imagery, but only within the Hopi Buttes d is tr ic t was a correlation between lineament densities, lineament trends, and uranium-bearing structures attempted. In addition to the lineament studies, color composites of d ig ita lly enhanced Landsat Scenes served to delineate areas of past uranium production and uranium-associated a lteration among the diatremes of the Hopi Buttes d is tr ic t . Uraniurrt-associated a lteration within the tabular sandstone deposits of the Snowflake d is tr ic t was not detected on sim ilar color composite imagery. Since uranium-associated a ltera tio n was detected and a positive lineament correlation discovered within the Hopi Buttes d is t r ic t , further exploration in th is area could be warranted. x i


Setting urban distribution network structure should consider service level and cost.For the city goods distribution with time limit,a nonlinear 0-1 integer programming model for optimal urban distribution network structure analysis under different distribution requirements is created with the target of minimizing the total cost of urban distribution network.The model is solved by ant colony algorithm to obtain urban distribution network layers and the setting of nodes that meet the time constraints and minimize the cost of the system.The setting of urban distribution network is proved by a practical example to verify the feasibility of the model and algorithm.It can provide theoretical basis for construction,operation and optimization of urban distribution network.


Health condition in the most of Indian villages is comparatively poor and requires more attention. This is due to number of factors like unavailability of Health Check up and health care services is villages, access to town or city due to distance or non-awareness of Government schemes. The proper healthcare can be achieved using routine health check up at village itself by providing required facility. This facility can collect the individual health condition data in terms of vital parameters like blood pressure, heart rate, Electro cardogram (ECG), asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) parameters and also fitness test for fatigue analysis. This information can be collected by a trained lab physician or hospital nurse and can be shared by hospital and Government Health Department to access public health in that village or area. The aim of this research work is to design and develop a platform to interface different biosensors and to acquire above physiological parameters as a health check up facility. A real time Arduino based prototype is designed for health care improvement as a part of telemedicine system. The Doctors will be updated with public health periodically and a better treatment can be provided using this data. And also gender wise health information can be made available. This can help in providing higher quality health care services for the population of Rural India.


Abstract 'Practice Forum' is intended to provide a forum for social work practitioners to share their practice with others; to describe what they are doing and assess its effectiveness. We extend an invitation to all social work practitioners to submit articles for 'Practice Forum' and we look forward to receiving your contribution. This paper describes a response to Koorie concerns about the inappro-priateness of the white foster care system in meeting their needs. The program that evolved was based on a philosophy of recognition of the extended family system, an integral part of Koorie culture.


zeta functions. In this paper we will be concerned with equivariant torsion for Hermitian locally symmetric spaces. It turns out that the equivariant torsion, or rather a quotient of the equivariant torsion over the equivariant L 2 -torsion can be expressed as a special value of a zeta function which is dened in quasi-local geometric terms, i.e. by data related to closed geodesics and their Poincar e maps. The L 2 -contributions will vanish if the isometry has no xed points. Our formula may be considered as a Lefschetz formula in a wider sense. More generally, consider an elliptic complex over a compact manifold. The eigenvalue zero of the Laplacians gives the cohomology. The nonzero eigenvalues give the torsion which may be viewed as the analogue of the Euler characteristic of the complex. The analogue of the Atiyah L 2 index theorem [1] would then be the equality of torsion and L 2 -torsion. This


Africa is characterised by, inter alia, oppressive political systems, a culture of impunity of those who govern, and the use of state sovereignty mantra in the face of gross and systematic rights violations. Yet, African states have, through the establishment of the African Human Rights Court, created an avenue for judicial scrutiny of their laws and executive action that affect human rights. While the Court holds great promise in relation to fighting impunity and the provision of effective remedies for rights violations, ensuring respect for human rights, and fostering Africa's quest for good governance, development and regional integration, it operates amidst state resistance and other complexities, which threaten its effectiveness and existence. This article considers whether, against this background, the Court has shown restrictiveness or progressivity in its enforcement of rights.


The Marica Group (Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil) contains the first sedimentary successions deposited after the denudation and tectonic subsidence of the basement units of the Gaucho Shield that was formed during the Brasiliano Orogeny. This subsidence event lead to the generation of the Camaqua Basin (Neoproterozoic III / Early Paleozoic), which posteriorly evolved to a rift system characterized by volcanosedimentary successions (Bom Jardim group) and coarse-grained siliciclastics (Santa Barbara and Guaritas groups). The Marica group consists of 2000-2500 m of arkosean sandstones and, in smaller proportion, conglomerates and pelites. Three lithostratigraphic units are here defined: Passo da Promessa formation (fluvial sandstones and conglomerates), Sao Rafael formation (marine sandstones and rhythmites) and Arroio America formation (fluvial sandstones and conglomerates). Stratigraphic and provenance analyses of the alluvial units, as well as paleocurrent data, show that: (i) sedimentary transport was towards the North during the evolution of these units; (ii) source areas were composed of granitic rocks, both foliated and unfoliated; (iii) there was an important contribution of a volcanic source, comprehending mainly rhyolitic and pyroclastic rocks, which frequency of occurrence increase towards the top of the succession, also including rare andesites in the Arroio America formation. The stratigraphic relationship among the Marica formation and the basement units shows that the basin was not related to the Brasiliano Orogeny, as revealed by the fact that the Marica group overlies both the cratonic foreland regions and the collisional suture, represented respectively by paleoproterozoic granulites (Rio the La Plata Craton) and a neoproterozoic subduction complex (Rio Vacacai Terrane).


T h e mutations in the ovarian tumor (otu) gene arrest oogenesis at several stages in development. A series of deletion mutations in the otu region were characterized, each of which causes the absence or reduction of the otu transcript. These alleles range from the most severe class, which results in ovaries lacking egg cysts, to relatively mild mutations that allow the development of late stage oocytes. Heteroallelic combinations of these mutations demonstrate that the phenotypic complexity of otu mutant ovaries is due to a dosage dependent requirement for otu activity. Reciprocal cross and developmental Northern blot studies suggest a maternal requirement for otu in the development of the female germline. In addition we demonstrate that the otu zygotic null phenotype is variable, ranging from the absence of cysts in the most extreme cases, to the presence of tumorous egg chambers. T HE development of the female germline in Drosophila is a complex process requiring the activity of both somatic and germline-specific genes [reviewed in PAULI and MAHOWALD (1990)l. A number of mutations have been isolated that block egg development at different stages, resulting in female sterility (GANS, AUDIT and MASSON 1975; PERRIMON et al. 1986). One distinctive class of female sterile mutations is characterized by the "ovarian tumor" phenotype, in which mutant egg cysts undergo supernumerary cell divisions (PAULI and MAHOWALD 1990). Proposed causes for the production of ovarian tumors include defective cytokinesis (KING and STORTO 1988) and disruption of sex determination in the germline (PAULI and MAHOWALD 1990). Extensive morphological studies provide a detailed description of oogenesis (KING 1970; MAHOWALD and KAMBYSELLIS 1980). The adult ovary consists of two lobes that are each composed of 15-20 ovarioles. At the tip of each ovariole are 2-3 mitotic stem cells that are descended from the embryonic pole cells. These cells divide into a daughter stem cell and a cystoblast. The cystoblast undergoes four mitotic divisions, characterized by incomplete cytokinesis, to produce 16 cystocytes connected by intercellular bridges. One of these cystocytes differentiates into an oocyte, the other 15 cystocytes become nurse cells. Somatically derived follicle cells surround the oocyte and nurse cells to form an egg cyst. Maturation of the egg cyst is subdivided into 14 stages that are distinguished by morphological criteria. Oogenesis occurs throughout adulthood and all 14 stages of development are present within each ovariole, arranged in a linear array. Genetics 133: 265-278 (February, 1993) Essential to oogenesis is the activity of the ovarian tumor (o tu) gene. The otu product is required at multiple times during oogenesis, as demonstrated by the observation that o tu mutations cause a range of morphological defects (KING and RILEY 1982). The otu mutations have been subdivided into three classes based on the average morphology of the mutant egg cysts in individual ovarioles (KING et al. 1986). Mutations of the quiescent (QUI) class are defective in oogonial proliferation or survival, resulting in ovarioles lacking cysts. Oncogenic (ONC) lesions produce ovarioles containing what are described as tumorous egg cysts. In this case, the mutant cystocytes undergo increased cell division such that each cyst contains up to several hundred cells (KING and RILEY 1982; BISHOP and KING 1984; KING and STORTO 1988). These divisions differ from normal cystoblast growth in that they are characterized by complete cytokinesis and the absence of intercellular bridges. The differentiated (DIF) class of mutations is characterized by ovarioles that contain more mature egg cysts, as defined by the presence of nurse-like cells and yolk deposition. The isolation and the initial molecular characterization of the otu gene have been previously described (MULLIGAN, MOHLER and KALFAYAN 1988; CHAMPE and LAIRD 1989; STEINHAUER, WALSH and KALFAYAN 1989). Germline transformation studies identified a 5.0-kb genomic DNA fragment that rescues the female sterility caused by otu mutations. This region produces at least one ovary-specific 3.2-kb RNA class as determined by Northern blot analysis (MULLIGAN, MOHLER and KALFAYAN 1988; COMER, SEARLES and 266 P. K. Geyer et al. KALFAYAN 1992). Isolations of cDNAs indicate that a t least two alternatively spliced RNAs of approximately the same size are produced from this gene (STEINHAUER and KALFAYAN 1992; COMER, SEARLES and KALFAYAN 1992). These RNAs encode otu protein isoforms that differ in their temporal expression (STEINHAUER and KALFAYAN 1992). It was proposed that these isoforms are required at different stages of oogenesis and may explain, in part, the phenotypic complexity of the otu mutations. Both the otu RNAs (PARKS and SPRADLING 1987) and proteins (STEINHAUER and KALFAYAN 1992) are expressed in germ cells of the adult ovary. This tissue localization is consistent with the cell autonomous, germline requirement for otu activity (WIESCHAUS, AUDIT and MASSON 198 1 ; PERRIMON and GANS 1983). A model was developed to explain the phenotypic complexity of otu mutations. STORTO and KING (1 987) proposed that otu activity is required at six developmental periods during oogenesis in a dosage dependent manner. During the first period, the otu product was hypothesized to be required at a relatively low concentration for the division of oogonia. Mutations that reduce the level of otu activity below this threshold result in the quiescent phenotype. Period 2 occurs when stem cells divide to form cystoblasts and sister stem cells. I t was hypothesized that ONC alleles produce sufficient otu activity for stem cell division but not for cystoblast differentiation, leading to the production of tumorous egg cysts. The third period occurs during nurse cell differentiation. If the level of otu product falls below this third threshold, cells form that are morphologically reminiscent of nurse cells, b u t differ in that their chromosomes are polytene (KING et al. 198 1). These mutant cells are denoted as pseudonurse cells (PNCs). Three additional periods were proposed to account for mutations that disrupt later stages of oogenesis, requiring either higher levels of the early otu product or the activity of a second otu function. Mutations that arrest oogenesis at the third or later thresholds result in the DIF class of mutant


A simple macromodel of mass and energy flow in production processes is proposed. The importance of mass recycling in production processes, i.e., mass reutilization for production, is pointed out. This type of model has a possibility of further extension to study the properties of production processes.


Luminescent, transparent nanocomposites incorporating very tiny crystals in glassy host matrix are a strategy to control a local structure with low phonon energy and/or adjustable band structure, and the charge‐transfer state of luminescent centers such as rare‐earth ions, resulting in their high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency and controllable absorption–emission route mechanism. For this purpose, it is important to know how many luminescent dopants can be incorporated into the nanocrystal domains. Herein, Eu3+‐doped ZrO2–SiO2 nanocomposites are considered as a test case, together with the starting gel thermal evolution. The progressive sol–gel chemistry enables the preferential introduction of Eu3+ ions into the ZrO2 nanocrystals. An analytical method using the Eu3+ PL decay curves quantitatively reveals for the first time that the number of Eu3+ ions doped in the ZrO2 crystalline nanodomains, which is obtained above 900 °C, exceeds 60%, and increases to 76% when the thermal treatment temperature is 1100 °C. The fractional number of Eu3+ ions and the local asymmetry ratio of Λ = I(5D0 − 7F2)/I(5D0 − 7F1) for each region are estimated as Λ = 2.1–2.9, Λ ≈ 15, and Λ = 4.6–7.4 for the ZrO2, boundary, and SiO2‐rich glass phases, depending on the heat‐treatment temperature.


Fourier-transform infrared equipped with attenuated total reflection (ATR–FT-IR) was used in combination with multivariate statistical analysis for classification and identification of food pathogens Staphylococcus and Salmonella. The goals of the present study were to validate the feasibility of ATR–FT-IR in collecting information for discriminating different bacteria, and to assess the merits of two routes for effectively identify target foodborne bacteria. The results showed that ATR–FT-IR was able to provide enough chemical information of each species. Cluster-analysis-test was able to identify target bacteria at the genus and species level using Pearson's product-moment correction coefficient and Ward's algorithm. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) coupled with multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV) and their derivatives demonstrated the probable use of this routine method to differentiate food pathogens at the sub-species level.


1 project provides a framework for integrating, validating, analysing and disseminating information to assess the comparative importance of diseases, injuries and risk factors in causing premature death, loss of health and disability in different populations. The study has introduced a new metric –disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) – as a single measure to quantify the burden of diseases (BOD). Countries can combine this type of evidence, along with information about policies and their costs, to decide how to set their health agenda. However, data on mortality and health are often fragmented and inconsistent. In particular, comprehensive data on the health burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are still extraordinarily difficult to obtain. data (isolate-based data) to a system that includes epidemiological, clinical, and population-level data. This approach has been shown to strengthen understandings of the impact of AMR on human health, and enable better analysis and prediction of AMR trends. Review on methodological challenges to monitor clinical burden of bacteria – Limitations & potential avenues to follow by Evelina Tacconelli (Tubingen and Verona Universities). The review indicated that current estimates of the burden of AMR are very poor, and mainly rely on prevalence data from single centres, retrospective cohorts and case-control studies performed in high income countries (HICs) and assessing very limited health outcome measures. The definitions of outcomes vary substantially across studies, and the statistical methodology is often of poor quality. Mortality is most frequently reported as crude-mortality, and very few studies assesses the length of stay (LOS) after infections. Complications are reported usually only during hospitalisation and within a short follow up (not longer than 4 weeks). A limited number of studies focus on high risk populations (cancer, transplants, HIV). Only one third of the studies apply scores for the assessment of comorbidities. Sample size determination, or sensitivity and interaction analyses are also very rarely performed. Definition of controls is provided in a minority of the case-control studies, and among the matched studies less than half specified the analysis used to account for matching. The review highlighted the need to develop a standardised methodology for data collection on AMR epidemiological parameters based on the already established WHO GBD methodology, to inform the generation of required metrics. The development of this methodology will require: the provision of incidence (prevalence) and mortality data for health outcomes of interest; the prioritisation of infections based on their clinical impact; measurement of the duration and distribution of health states; and the design of specific outcome trees (models describing the disease progression pathway and linking the infection with possibly sequelae) for each clinical syndrome caused by resistant bacteria.


Background: Dyslipidemia (DL) is a blood lipid disorder characterized by high cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein with reduction of high density lipoprotein. Crataegus Oxyacantha hawthorn (COH) is used in treatment of hyperlipidemia , hypertension , angina pectoris and arrhythmia as alternative medicine . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fenofibrate alone or in combination with Crataegus Oxyacantha on lipid profile in patients with mixed dyslipidemia. Methods: A total number of 64 patients with MD on fenofibrate therapy compared to 24 healthy controls were recruited and randomized into three groups: Group A: (control, n = 24) not received any lipid-lowering agents, Group B: (fenofibrate, n = 30) received fenofibrate 200 mg/day for 10 weeks, and Group C: (combination, n = 34) received fenofibrate 200 mg/day plus C. oxycantha for 10 weeks. The estimation of lipid profile and blood pressure changes were done at baseline and following 10 weeks of therapy. Results: Following 10 weeks of C. oxycantha add on fenofibrate therapy, there was a significant reduction on total cholesterol, triglyceride, non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol AI, and low-density lipoprotein plasma levels compared with fenofibrate-treated patients (P < 0.05). Blood pressure profile showed more significant reduction in patients with dyslipidemia (DL) treated with C. oxycantha compared with baseline data and with patients with DL treated with fenofibrate alone (P < 0.05). Fenofibrate plus C. oxycantha showed more significant reduction on high-sensitive C-reactive protein serum levels from 5.28 ± 1.61 mg/dL to 2.74 ± 1.99 mg/dL, P < 0.0001. Conclusion: C. oxycantha synergized the effect of fenofibrate therapy in patients with MD through the improvement of lipid profile and attenuation of endothelial inflammation.


Constipation is an apparently common condition in children, but it has important consequences in pediatric age. Its prevalence varies between 0.7 and 29.6% (with an average of 8%), with no important difference between sexes. The etiology still remains unclear, and although many mechanisms involved in this disease were discovered, it is still very heterogenous. Constipation may be functional, related with an inadequate diet or with psychical circumstances which in fl uences the normal act of defecation, organic, in which gastrointestinal diseases and not only, play a big role, or it may be talked about a genetic determinism. Speci fi c associated gene mutations haven't been related yet. There are plenty of genetic syndromes in which constipation is a frequent symptom. Trying to objectify the diagnosis, many types of classi fi cations were suggested, based on the main types of the symptoms. Despite of this, diagnosing constipation in children still remains an important challenge.


In this paper, we show that if an
injective map on symmetric matrices Sn(C) satisfies then for all , where f is an injective homomorphism on C, S is a complex orthogonal matrix and Af is the image of A under f applied entrywise.


This paper introduces BW0 of 3rd Generation HF Automatic Link Establishment(ALE) and studies the Mary orthogonal modulation/ demodulation in the burst waveform BW0.In order to enhance the communicatable efficiency of HF communication,the Automatic Link Establishment(ALE) process has adopted the burst waveform BW0 in the 3GALE controller to transmit all the 3GALE PDUs so that the error code performance has made the vital important action to the linkestablishing probability of the whole ALE system.Because the antiinterference ability of the spectrum spreading communication is very strong and its invisibility is also very good,the communication can be executed in the abominable poor channel environment so that the burst waveform BW0 has adopted the Mary orthogonal spectrumspreading modulation/ demodulation to perform the analysis and study.After the project has been validated and this method has been adopted,the problem of the Automatic Linke Establishment(ALE) in the low Signal to Noise and Distortion Ratio(SINAD) can be effectively solved.


This paper reports about an interactive humanoid robots, Robovie, that work in a science museum where visitors are supposed to study and grow interests toward science. Each visitor wore an RFID tag, and looked around exhibits in the museum. Robovie has an implemented function for an autonomous interaction as free-play [1] . Moreover, it obtains its exact position, visitors' positions, and their moving history in the museum from ubiquitous sensor networks, including RFID tag readers, recording cameras and infrared cameras. It performs exhibits-guiding by moving around to several exhibits and explaining these exhibits based on the sensor information, in addition to the freeplay interaction. We compared the effect of the exhibits-guiding and the free-play interaction under three operating conditions. As a result, the free-play interaction and exhibits-guiding contributed to promote visitors' interests for science, while Robovie mostly received higher subjective impression, which is probably due to its novelty.


Machang is situated at the central uplift zone in Dongpu seg abundant in natural gas in the southern area of the Yellow River. The accumulation of natural gas and the gas reservior forming conditions are analyzed from angles of geological features, fluid property and pressure of gas reservoir as well as formation, migration and collection, preservation of gas. The research result shows that Machang area has the advantages of gas accumulation. The gas reservoir belongs to the counter regional fault type and mainly developed coalbed gas. Machang area has good gas bearing conditions and natural gas sources. There is a great explotation potential in this area.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming integrated into a wide range of modern IoT applications. The growing number of networked IoT devices generates a large amount of data. However, processing and memorizing this massive volume of data at local nodes have been deemed critical challenges, especially when using artificial intelligence (AI) systems to extract and exploit valuable information. In this context, mobile edge computing (MEC) has emerged as a way to bring cloud computing (CC) processes within reach of users, to address computation-intensive offloading and latency issues. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the most relevant research works related to UAV technology applications in terms of enabled or assisted MEC architectures. It details the utility of UAV-enabled MEC architecture regarding emerging IoT applications and the role of both deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) in meeting various limitations related to latency, task offloading, energy demand, and security. Furthermore, throughout this article, the reader gains an insight into the future of UAV-enabled MEC, the advantages and the critical challenges to be tackled when using AI.


Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science , Rivers State University of Science of Technology, Port Harcourt- Nigeria, in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy