Pension era is one thing unavoided from perspective and problems in the eye of pension
candidate. In facing pension era, sometimes someone needs to make mature preparation whetherin physical or psychological to face different tomorrow from yesterday. Beside the preparation,
the most basic thing needed by pension person is social support, which came from significant
others, like spouse, child, and friends, are really influenced somebody to do selfadjustment in
facing different environment and activity. Good social support would create good self
adjustment, where someone place himself in society, so he/she would be accepted well by
society and also in the contrary. The research purpose was to find whether any relation of social
support with selfadjustment in pension era.
The research used quantitative research method, the variables used were: independent variable
(x): social support. Dependent variable (y): selfadjustment, using interval data kind, while scale
used were social support scale and selfadjustment scale. Data collection technique was total
sampling. Data analysis used was product moment correlation, where the technique used to state
correlation or relation between x and y variables and how much the variable x influenced
variable y.
According to data analysis, there could be concluded that there was significant relation between
social support and selfadjustment in pension era, which mean more positive social support, there
would be better self adjustment. Effective contribution to the research from determinant
coefficient (r2) was 0.398 which means that social support have effective contribution to self
adjustment was 39,8%.


R. Harrabi and E. Ben Braiek CEREP, ESSTT, 5 Av. Taha Hussein, 1008, Tunis, Tunisia Abstract: In this paper, a novel method of color image segmentation based on the Fuzzy C-means algorithm and statistical features is presented. The role of including first order statistical feature vector in the Fuzzy C-means technique is studied in this paper to obtain the optimally segmented image. Instead of using the simple pixel value, feature vectors are extracted from sliding window centered on the pixels. The Fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm is used to cluster the obtained feature vectors into several classes corresponding to the different regions of the image. Classification accuracies of the proposed technique are compared with those of the recent techniques in literature for the same image data. The experimental results on medical and textures color images demonstrate the superiority of combining statistical features and the standard Fuzzy C-Means algorithm for image segmentation.


Context. K-type stars of similar effective temperatures in clusters younger than about 250 Myr are characterised by a wide dispersion in lithium abundance whose origin is not understood. Aims. The present study addresses this question in light of rotation period measurements recently conducted in the Pleiades and M 34 open clusters. Methods. The study investigates the dependence of lithium abundance with effective temperature distinguishing stars that belong to different rotation sequences in diagrams where measured rotation periods are plotted against B − V colour indices. Results. At any given effective temperature below 5500 K, stars on the fast rotator sequence in the Pleiades and M 34 have significantly higher lithium abundances that stars with same masses and ages located on the slow rotator sequence. Conclusions. This correlation suggests that shear-induced turbulence at the base of the convection zone accelerates the depletion of lithium in rapidly rotating late G- and K-type stars during a brief episode of strong rotational braking by stellar wind in their early evolution on the main sequence. The epoch at which this strong rotational braking occurs does not depend on stellar mass only but also on the rotation history of each individual star. I argue that the large dispersion in surface lithium abundance of K stars in the Pleiades and M 34 could be a consequence of this phenomenon.


The main content of the study subject is the organization and management model for the physical exercise of the faculties in the institutions of higher learning.We try to find the problems that exist in the present system through the inverstigation and study.On the basis of the study,we suggest that new organization and managemen system should be adopted;the fund of manpower and material resource should be increased;the relation between the revelant establishments should be better coordinated;the pracrical problems facing the faculties who join the the exercise should be solved effectively;the ties between the faculties' work,life and their exercise should be strengthened;the corresponding encouragement mechanism should be established with the intention to inspire those who are weak,or who have the feeble awareness of exercise to take part in it.


The most common type of joint in large single-phase transformer cores is the 45° mitred overlap, but also important in smaller cores is the simpler butt and lap joint. The localized power loss and flux distribution has been measured in these two types of joint built from the same size and type of gain-oriented silicon-iron laminations. In both joints, the localized loss rose to double the nominal limb loss in some areas due to the presence of normal flux or rotational flux. The rotational flux occuring mainly in the butt and lap joint caused it to be the less efficient joint. The butt and lap joint was 18% less efficient than the mitred overlap joint at 1.5 T (50 Hz) built in the cores with 15-cm wide laminations.


The kinetics of denitrosation of N-methyl-N′-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosothiourea has been studied in the range of pH 3.45–3.73 using four organic acids; acetic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acid, and cyanoacetic acid. Analyses of the kinetic data including the Bronsted plots have shown that the reaction is subject to a general acid catalysis.


The expanded polypropylene beads with microcellular structure were prepared by an autoclave-based batch foaming process using non-supercritical CO2 as the foaming agent. Herein, smaller polypropylene micropellets (∼0.6 mm) were obtained from three kinds of polypropylene resin by underwater micro-pelletizer system. The results from differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the double melting peaks of beads moved to higher temperature with increasing saturation temperature and pressure. The kind of comonomer did not exert noticeable influence on the double melting behaviors. The X-ray diffraction of expanded polypropylene bead revealed that characteristic peaks of α-type crystal did not change compared with that of original polypropylene micropellets. The relationship between cell morphology and saturation temperature/pressure of expanded polypropylene beads are discussed preliminarily by scanning electron microscope.


Recommending stock with the highest return ratio is always a challenging problem in the field of financial technology. In this paper, we propose a time-aware graph relational attention network (TRAN) for stock recommendation based on return ratio ranking. In TRAN, time-aware relational attention mechanism is the key unit to capture time-varying correlation strength between stocks by the interaction of historical sequences and stock description documents. With the dynamic strength, the nodes of the stock relation graph aggregate the features of neighbor stock nodes by graph convolution operation. For a given group of stocks, our model can output the ranking results of stocks according to their return ratios. The experimental results on several real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our TRAN for stock recommendation.


Intermediate and narrow-band photoelectric observations obtained at Biruni and Villanova Observatories from 1977 to the present, when combined with previous data, strongly suggest that light increases of about 0.5 mag occur at 6 year intervals. Possible explanations are considered. The X-ray pulsator X Persei (4U 0352+30) is an intriguing object at both X-ray and optical wavelengths. From the X-ray data a period of 13.9 minutes now appears well-established, but early suggestions of a 22.4 hour periodicity remain unconfirmed (White et al.,1976, Becker et al., 1979). The nature of the X-ray emission is unusual; the source is about 3 orders of magnitude weaker than other X-ray binary pulsars, and the spectrum contains a strong high-energy X-ray component (Mushotzky et al., 1977). Long known as an irregular variable, X Per has been classified as a Be star with an 09.5 (III-IV)e spectral type and showing broad hydrogen emission and absorption features (Brucato and Kristian 1972, Hutchings et al., 1975). A 581-day period is indicated by the radial velocity study of Hutchings et al., (1975). This has been variously interpreted as an orbital period (about a black hole) or an apsidal period, the models having in common accretion on to a neutron star as the source of the pulsed X-rays. In 1977 an increase in brightness of the star was observed by Kalv (1977) and Guinan et al., (1978), and by April 1979 we had accumulated sufficient evidence to suggest that X Per undergoes periodic (≃ 6-year) outbursts (Dorren et al., 1979a).


We present two criteria for a group $G$ to satisfy the following statements: any $G$-graded gr-prime (gr-semiprime) right gr-Goldie ring admits a gr-semisimple graded right classical quotient ring. The criterion for gr-semiprime rings is that the group $G$ is periodic. Actually, the sufficiency of periodicity was proved by the author in 2011 and the necessity of it follows from the well-known counterexample (1979). The main result of the paper concerns the gr-prime case. In this case, Goodearl and Stafford proved the graded version of Goldie's Theorem for rings graded by an Abelian group (2000). Developing their idea we extend the class of groups to the following: $(\forall g,h\in G)(\exists n\in \mathbb{N})(gh^n=h^ng)$. Moreover, for any group $G$ outside this class, we construct a counterexample, precisely, a~$G$-graded ring $R$ such that $Q^{gr}_{cl}(R)=R$ is gr-Noetherian but not gr-Artinian.


This paper applies on-the-road crash data and computer modelling to clarify opportunities for reducing rollover crash casualties. Countermeasures to reduce rollover casualties include increased belt use, and technological interventions to prevent ejection and to reduce the severity of body contacts with the vehicle interior. The vehicle speed immediately prior to the rollover is a pivotal predictor of rollover crash severity. The number of vehicle quarter turns, the vehicle damage, and the roll rate are also predictors, and are strongly related to the initial vehicle speed. Computer simulators described suggest that the severity of the tripping acceleration may also have a strong influence on occupant ejections and injuries. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 894848.


Today, among the best-performing algorithms for music similarity computations are algorithms based on Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCCs). In these algorithms, each music track is modelled as a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) of MFCCs. The similarity between two tracks is computed by comparing their GMMs. As pointed out in [1, 2, 3], the distance space obtained this way has some undesirable properties. In this MIREX'06 submission, a technique has been implemented that aims to correct such anomalies to a certain extent 1 . The described algorithm ranked second (out of six) in the MIREX evaluation based on human listeners (note that the differences between the top-fiv e ranked algorithms are not statistically significant). Ther e is indication that it works better for artist identification th an the other submitted algorithms. 1. Feature Extraction and Basic Distance Computation The basic feature extraction process is quite similar to the one in [5]. It was chosen because its good tradeoff between runtime and quality, and because algorithms based on related techniques yielded good results in MIREX'05. • The input wave files (22.050 Hz sampling rate, mono) are divided into frames of 512 samples length, with 256 samples overlap, disregarding the first and last 30 seconds. • The number of frames corresponding to 2 minutes (i.e. 20.672 frames) are used for feature extraction. In the submitted algorithm, these frames are not chosen to be consecutive. Instead, the length of the wave data is divided into 20.672 fragments of equal length, and from each of those fragments, randomly 512 consecutive samples are chosen for feature extraction. By randomly choosing the frames possible aliasing effects with respect to the track's meter are reduced. It seems that this approach yields better results than choosing the frames in a fully random manner, or taking all frames from the two minutes in the middle of the track. • From the chosen frames, 25 MFCCs are computed. 1 For more detailed evaluations, please refer to [4] • A song is represented as the overall mean of the MFCCs, and the full covariance matrix. The feature extraction process was implemented using the MA-Toolbox ([6]). Two songs are compared by the KullbackLeiber (KL) distance. If the inverse of a song's covariance matrix can not be found, it is assumed that it is dissimilar to all other songs. One drawback of this technique is that it does not take into consideration the temporal order of frames, thus aspec t related to time are not modelled. An approach to add timedependent features is propsed in [2]. However, the version used here it is a good starting point for the post-processing step described in the next section.


A dichotic tonal sequence was constructed, consisting of the repetitious presentation of the C major scale, with successive tones alternating from ear to ear. The scale was presented simultaneously in both ascending and descending form, such that when a component of the ascending scale was in one ear, a component of the descending scale was in the other, and vice versa. Various illusory percepts were obtained, which differed statistically for the two‐handedness populations. About 50% of the righthanders obtained a localization illusion, whereby the upper tones of the dichotic sequence were all perceived as emanating from the right earphone, and the lower tones from the left. When the earphone positions were reversed, this percept was maintained with the paradoxical consequence that the earphone which had apparently been emitting the high tones now appeared to be emitting the low tones, and vice versa. Further analysis revealed that this illusion is based on a mechanism different from that underlying the d...


Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy and complication occurrence of two interventional therapeutic orders,i.e.thrombolysis followed by vascular dilatation and vascular dilatation followed by thrombolysis,in treating acute left iliofemoral venous thrombosis.Methods Fourty-five patients with acute left iliofemoral venous thrombosis were divided into two groups.Patients in group A(n = 21) were treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis through the catheterization of left iliofemoral vein via the left popliteal vein,and balloon dilatation or stent implantation would follow if there was any residual stenosis after thrombolysis.Patients in group B(n = 24) were treated with balloon dilatation for the left iliac vein and thrombus first,which was followed by catheter-directed thrombolysis through the catheter inserted in the left iliofemoral vein via the left popliteal vein access.Stent implantation would be applied if there was any residual stenosis after thrombolysis.In all patients the optional filter was placed in the inferior vena cava and the filter was removed within two weeks.Results In both group A and group B,balloon dilation was applied in 18 and 24 cases(P = 0.09) respectively,and stenting was employed in 11 and 16 cases respectively(P = 0.24).The mean urokinase dosage used in group A was(427.14 ± 49.71) × 104 unit,which was much higher than that used in group B,which was(315.00 ± 62.48) × 104 unit.The difference between the two groups was significant(P 0.001).In group A,thrombus in cava filters was found in 2 cases and complication occurred in 7 cases.The edema reduction rate in group A was(71 ± 19)% at one week and(98 ± 3)% at one month after the treatment,that was(81± 12)% and(99 ± 2)% respectively in group B.In group B,thrombus in cava filters was found in 8 cases and complication occurred in 2 cases.Conclusion For the treatment of acute left iliofemoral venous thrombosis,balloon dilatation followed by thrombolysis can well reduce the use of urokinase and decrease the incidence of complications.It will not increase the incidence of thrombosis-related complications under the protection of the cava filter.


The specific performance and the damage compensation are the two main remedies of contractual liability.The civil law system emphasizes the specific performance,however,the common law system pays attention to the function of the damage compensation.According to our national conditions and the microscopic economy,our contract law should adopt the civil law's "strict and efficient breach"system,that is to say,the specific performance should be the main remedy in principle,when the specific performance is inefficient,the damage compensation will substitute it.Only this can let the parties make more profits with lower costs.


This narrative reflective paper discusses a qualitative research study on multiple sclerosis (MS) caregiving in which the author/researcher utilized her own caregiving experiences and shared with the study participants in open dialogues. The paper examines the choice to research a topic with a close personal connection, i.e., the use of self in research. Moreover, this paper discusses the use of reflective journaling to gain greater awareness during the research process, and to assist with data analysis. Intimate passages from the journal are shared throughout the narrative concerning shared experiences, self-care, and topic analysis. Discussions are framed chronologically as before, during, and after the qualitative study was completed. The experience of caring for a partner with MS is central to this reflection, and the paper provides insight into that experience along with a discussion of the practice of using oneself in research.


The present work is the result of a research study on the production and management of wastes in the siderurgical industry. It deals with production decreasing, recycling, revaluation and dumping processes


Serendipity in the library stacks is generally regarded as a positive occurrence. While acknowledging its benefits, this essay draws on research in library science, information systems, and other fields to argue that, in two important respects, this form of discovery can be usefully framed as a problem. To make this argument, the essay examines serendipity both as the outcome of a process situated within the information architecture of the stacks and as a user perception about that outcome.


Electron-transfer processes in solution are among the most important reactions in chemistry and biology. The huge number of redox reactions of transition metal ions and complexes, many preparatively important oxidations and reductions of organic compounds, photosynthesis, and metabolism are only a few examples where electron-transfer reactions play a pivotal role. This ubiquity, as well as their relative simplicity, makes them excellent models for the study on a molecular level of chemical reactions in solution. A particularly important question in chemical reaction dynamics in solution is the influence of the solvent on the reaction rate. In this context one distinguishes between static and dynamic solvent effects. Static effects refer to the stabilization of reactants, transition state, and products, that is, how the solvent affects the free energies of these species and the energy of activation. This interpretation of solvent effects on all kinds of chemical reactions is well established. A more recent development is the investigation of the influence of solvent dynamics on the rate of a reaction. The transfer of an electron is usually thought to be triggered by a fluctuation of the dielectric polarization in the surrounding solvent. The dynamics of such fluctuations is determined by the finite response time of the orientational polarization of the solvent. Under certain conditions this dielectric response time can become the rate-determining factor of the reaction. In this article I intend to give a review of these modern developments in the theory and experimental study of electron-transfer processes. We shall see that solvent dynamics may lead to a whole plethora of phenomena in reaction dynamics. The concepts needed for their description are not limited to electron transfer but bear relevance to many other chemical reactions in solution.


Seeds of 5 cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were adjusted to moisture contents between 5 and 22% and subjected to temperatures of 5, -18, -70, and -196°C (liquid nitrogen) for 7 days. Seeds with moisture contents up to 18% were not damaged by either -18 or -196°C; however, the -70°C treatment resulted in loss of germination even with seeds containing as little as 16% moisture. Seeds held at 5°C showed no loss in viability. The loss in germination at -70°C appeared to be related to cooling rate. High moisture (18 to 20%) seeds were cooled to -196°C at different rates from 1 to 200°C/min. Germination was reduced in seeds cooled at rates slower than 25°C/min. At 200°C/min cooling rate and 18 to 20% seed moisture both germination and root growth occurred although at reduced levels compared with control seeds held at 5°C. Prolonged storage (33 days) in liquid nitrogen of rapidly frozen high moisture lettuce seeds did not result in further loss of germination after the initial freezing to -196°C.


1. Predictions from the Phylogenetic Constraints Hypothesis were tested for the first time in a tropical system using the pasture pest Deois flavopicta Stal, which oviposits into the ground and not into plant tissues. The prediction that there is no oviposition preference–larval performance linkage was supported. The absence of such a link provides an evolutionary basis for eruptive population dynamics.


Ensuring that all students who want to pursue degrees and careers in science can do so is an important goal of a number of undergraduate STEM equity programs throughout the United States. Many of these programs, which promote diversity and the importance of diversity in science, directly address the 2012 PCAST report, which notes that "1 million additional STEM Professionals will be needed within the next decade" and "women and members of minority groups now constitute approximately 70% of college students, but earn only 45 percent of STEM degrees." The PCAST report also indicates that these students "leave STEM majors at higher rates than others and offer an expanding pool of untapped talent." Many of these programs recognize that it is important to provide students with a variety of support: financial, mentoring, research-based instruction, cohort development, and specific activities tailored to target population strengths and needs.


Adsorption and desorption of Pb(II) on two natural minerals (natural calcite and eggshell) were studied. The ability of the natural materials in removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions had been examined in a batch adsorption process with respect to several experimental conditions including initial solution pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, temperature and adsorbent concentration. The absorption isotherms showed that the adsorption capacity of substrates varied as follows: natural calcite>eggshell. Desorption kinetics show a complete hysteresis testify to the irreversibility of the bonds formed between Pb and the substrates. Thus, the uptake of lead was reproduced by a cation exchange model and by a surface complexation model for the mineral-aqueous solution interface. The thermodynamic study demonstrated that lead adsorption is endothermic for both adsorbents. It is spontaneous and non-spontaneous for natural calcite and eggshell, respectively. All these results indicate that eggshell and natural calcite could be employed as efficient low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbents for lead removal from industrial wastewaters.


This paper presents a novel uneven erasure-protection (UEP) strategy for scalable data formed by interleaving independently decodable and scalable sub-streams. The main differences between UEP and the proposed novel strategy are: 1) the placement of separate sub-streams in separate packets to establish independence and 2) the use of permuted systematic Reed-Solomon (RS) codes to enhance the distribution of message symbols amongst the packets. To maximize the performance of this transmission scheme, we optimize the erasure protection assignment in a rate-distortion sense. Our experiments demonstrate the net superiority of the new UEP strategy over the traditional UEP for moderate numbers of packets (up to 42). Peak performance improvements (0.3-0.7 dB) occur between 4-10 packets for various transmission rates and packet erasure rates.


Entities on social systems, such as users on Twitter, and images on Flickr, are at the core of many interesting applications: they can be ranked in search results, recommended to users, or used in contextual advertising. Such applications assume knowledge of an entity's nature and characteristic attributes. An effective way to encode such knowledge is in the form of tags. An untagged entity is practically inaccessible, since it is hard to retrieve or interact with. To address this, some platforms allow users to manually tag entities. However,while such tags can be informative, they can oftentimes be inadequate, trivial, ambiguous, or even plain false. Numerous automated tagging methods have been proposed to address these issues. However,most of them require pre-existing high-quality tags or descriptive texts for every entity that needs to be tagged. In our work, we propose a method based on social endorsements that is free from such constraints. Virtually every major social networking platform allows users to endorse entities that they find appealing. Examples include "following" Twitter users or "favoriting" Flickr photos. These endorsements are abundant and directly capture the preferences of users. In this paper, we pose and solve the problem of using the underlying social endorsement network to extract useful tags for entities in a social system. Our work leverages techniques from topic modeling to capture the interests of users and then uses them to extract relevant and descriptive tags for the entities they endorse. We perform an extensive evaluation of our proposed approach on real large-scale datasets from both Twitter and Flickr, and show that it significantly outperforms meaningful and competitive baselines.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of sole percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) compared to that of PMCT combining with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of primary hepatoma.

METHODS
A total of 50 patients diagnosed with primary hepatocellular carcinoma were recruited and divided into two groups. Group A included 15 patients only treated with PMCT. The other 35 ones falling into group B were treated with PMCT in combination with TACE. Analysis of therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects were conducted.

RESULTS
The objective effect rates in group A and group B were 40.0% and 62.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups(P = 0.136). The one-year survival rates of the two groups were 46.6% and 71.4%,respectively(P = 0.095);and the two-year survival rates were 26.7% and 42.8%,respectively (P = 0.048). No grade III adverse effects or beyond were observed.

CONCLUSION
PCMT combining with TACE is safe and more effective in one-year survival than PCMT alone for the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.


In order to study the mechanical behaviors of irregular joints in rigid steel frames that are used in large-scale power plants,6 specimens in 1 /4 scale of the prototype model were designed according to different axial compression ratio and section height ratio of beams and were tested under low cyclic loading.Parameter analysis including axial compression ratio and section height ratio of beams were extended by ANSYS,to unveil the general rules beyond those by experimental tests,such as that the bearing capacity of irregular joints depends on the bearing capacity of the core 1 area that is at the same hight as the I-beam.The result provides a guide for the design of the joints.


Walking is the most basic elements of the transportation community and the environment of space, which is a direct connection. Pedestrian space of cultural values in the urban environment, giving the street and creating an enjoyable and prosperous, urban citizens are living in a safe and comfortable life so that you can do is the basic means. Considering the existing functional faces reckless pedestrian environment, urban development of the factors that inhibit the appearance of the feature was one of the acts. Today, the urban environment, as well as to the functional with the aesthetic aspects of the plan considering the pedestrian area by providing a more pleasant city is trying to create an environment. In this study, St. euneungjeongyi in Daejeon that distance of the pedestrian zone around the existing understanding about the issues, and pedestrian arcade through the installation of drive by creating, studying for the direction of improving the urban environment is presented.


Polymorphic transitions in CasSiO6 have been investigated by precise high-temperature X-ray diffractometer measurements and by differential thermal analyses. In addition to change caused by normal thermal expansion, three principal crystallographic transformations take place: α-triclinic–β–triclinic (sluggish) in the range 550° to 700°C; 8-triclinic-monoclinic at 910°± 10°C; and monoclinic-trigonal at 970°± 10°C. The sluggish 550° to 700° C reaction alternatively may be interpreted as two separate triclinic-triclinic transitions, accompanied by broad endothermic heat effects at 575° and 675°C.


Cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention: The effects of lifestyle behaviour change on the progression of CAD and the long-term recurrence risk - and on the effects on and of depression.


Although not electronics-based, this article is a fine example of the way project work should be tackled. We reproduce here some of the illustrations from Mr Davidson's project report. Other illustrations and notes are available from the Editorial Office.


The Na + , K + -adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in microsomal membrane vesicles is covalently labeled with the triplet probe eosin 5'-isothiocyanate. Rotational mobility of the protein is investigated by measuring the time-resolved depolarization of the emitted phosphorescence from the triplet state of eosin, induced by a laser pulse. The probe is attached either nonspecifically to the protein or under conditions where the eosin is attached specifically to a lysine residue located atthe putative ATP binding site. The total anisotropy of the emission is found to be almost constant when measured over the temperature range 10 to 25°C. The anisotropy value is relatively small when the label is bound nonspecifically to the binding sites of the protein, but markedly increases when specifically bound to the protein, suggesting that the independent motion of the probe is constrained at this site. The anisotropy decay curve obtained from the specifically labeled protein shows a clearly biphasic character, and is composed of a rapidly rotating component with a rotational correlation time of 20 to 5 μs and a slower rotating component with a rotational correlation time of 250 to 90 μs in the temperature range 10 to 25°C. These motions are individually assigned to the segmental motion of the polypeptide chain and rotation of the whole protein about its axis normal to the plane of the membrane, respectively. It is estimated that about 80% ofthe total anisotropy signal is contributed by the fast rotation, and the remainder results from slow rotation.


Equipment allocation is an important part of the military equipment management. The equipment allocation plan is a guarantee plan for the military to carry out tasks, and its quality directly affects the formation and display of combat effectiveness. In this paper, combined with the characteristics of the supply of equipment allocation, the research situation of equipment allocation decision methods was expounded and the relevant models and algorithms of equipment allocation decision were analyzed, so as to achieve accurate and economic equipment allocation and supply. The scientific and reasonable analysis of the allocation plan is of theoretical and practical significance to provide auxiliary support for the equipment commander to command and make decisions and to support the improvement of the combat effectiveness of the troops.


CVDs are concertedly contributed by hypertension, diabetes, overweight and unhealthy lifestyles. Around 17.9 million people die every year due to heart diseases accounting for 31% of all the deaths in the world. It is important for early and accurate detection of heart diseases This work focuses on the optimal solution for producing pattern by using deductive learning algorithms for heart disease dataset. The RBF Kernel has high correlation coefficient compare with other models which is 0.69. The Linear Kernel has the correlation coefficient value is 0.68. The Puk kernel produces the low correlation coefficient compare with others. The Linear kernel has very low Mean absolute error, Root Mean Squared Error, Relative absolute error and Root squared error which are 0.28, 0.36, 57.16% and 72.90% respectively. This model is comparatively good for other models.


The semiconductor industry needs to take care of customer demand,process auditing,quality improving and cost reducing.The ERP and MES system are playing an important role in the above aspects.Due to the equipment's intelligentization and digitalization,perfect identity,well-functioned ERP and capital support,the integration system between ERP and MES is necessary.This paper analyzes the necessary conditions of system integration and predicts the popularity of system integration in semi-conductor industry.


The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore graduate students' perspectives of how graduate school affected their participation in physical and social activities and their self worth. Seven focus groups (n = 47) were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Finances and quality of interactions were among the main social challenges reported. Activity availability was among the main physical activity concerns reported. Delayed gratification and an elation/depression cycle were among the themes pertaining to self-worth. Any changes to one wellness component could jeopardize an individual's well being and life balance. This study's participants' physical and social activity and self-worth were reportedly all impacted by being a graduate student; at times, some areas of their lives (i.e., school) received magnified attention at the cost of other areas. Further research is needed to explore these issues to assist graduate students' life balance. ********** Social relationships and how humans behave in their environments are a reflection of their social connectedness in society (Hasselkus, 2002). To be considered socially healthy, an individual must create and maintain social bonds and supports through social interactions with family, friends and acquaintances (Donatelle, Davis, Munroe, & Munroe, 1998). Graduate students encounter many unavoidable life changes in areas such as work, finances, living conditions, school and social relationships (Goplerud, 1980). According to Haworth, Reardon and Conrad (1998), master's students report that their workload is very time consuming and entails both completing and thinking continually of their work and workload, thereby limiting the time for interacting socially with others. Physical activity is the "extent that there is a significant increase in energy expenditure during work, routine activities of daily living or leisure' (Foss & Keteyian,1998; p. 376). Research has shown that all people benefit from regular exercise (McWhorter, Wallmann, & Tandy, 2002). Findings from the 1995 National College Health Risk Behavior Survey in the United States revealed that university students' behaviors put them at increased risk for adverse health outcomes including the future onset of chronic diseases (Douglas et al., 1997). A study by McWhorter et al. (2002), revealed that physical therapy graduate students have difficulty finding the time to implement the principles of fitness they are taught during graduate school. Graduate students may experience unique challenges regarding the physical, emotional, and social aspects of their lives during the course of their studies (Association for Support of Graduate Students, 1993). All these components contribute to how individuals view their personal sense of self-worth. According to Crocker, Sommers, and Luhtanen, self-worth is the feeling people have about themselves; the extent to which they perceive themselves to be a success or a failure in the world (2002, p. 1275). A positive sense of self-worth has been associated with graduate students' successful experiences in academic performance (Crocker et al., 2002). Although many assumptions can be made about the impact of graduate school on students' lives, to date, there is a paucity of research that explores and documents the psychosocial experiences of graduate students from their own perspectives. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore graduate students' perspectives of how their occupation of being a graduate student affects their participation in physical activity and social opportunities and their overall sense of self worth. Methods Seven, semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with full-time graduate students at the University of Western Ontario (UWO). UWO is a large urban campus which hosts 2,380 master's students, 1,019 doctoral students, and 19,596 undergraduate students. …


Hole transport in a polyspirobifluorene homopolymer and a statistical polyspirobifluorene-triarylamine copolymer has been studied in detail employing the charge-generation layer time-of-flight (TOF) technique over a wide range of electric fields and temperatures. Both materials exhibit nondispersive TOF signals after injection of a sheet of charge carriers from a thin (10nm) perylene-diimide charge-carrier generation layer into a relatively thick (d>1μm) polymer film. Results were analyzed within the framework of the Gaussian disorder model and the charge transport parameters were extracted for both polymers. The zero-field hole mobility of the spirohomopolymer was found to be on the order of 10−6cm2∕Vs, whereas the copolymer showed a considerably lower hole mobility of 6×10−8cm2∕Vs. The width of the density of states σ was determined to be 86meV for the homopolymer and 107meV for the copolymer. The latter polymer also showed an increased positional disorder due to the statistically incorporated triarylam...


Planning practices in the United States are being influenced by principles of sustainable development. Sustainable development and the field of urban planning originate from different schools of thought but have a naturally symbiotic connection. Both ideologies are concerned with the interaction of the economy, environment and equality as they pertain to society on a local, regional and global level. The literature suggests that in order to meet the demands of society (short of prohibiting growth altogether) sustainable development practices must be implemented at the local level. Applying principles of sustainable development to comprehensive planning must be a coordinated effort at the local level, across all city departments and officials. Our case study evaluating Gainesville, Florida's comprehensive plan will provide context to examine the influence of sustainable development principles on local planning. The evaluation uses previously developed methodology to create indices based on the presence of principles for sustainable development in the policies of Gainesville's comprehensive plan. The methodology will also identify the occurrence of development management techniques used by each policy in supporting specific principles of sustainable development. In general, Gainesville?s comprehensive plan is similar to many plans that do not have an overarching framework of sustainability. Gainesville's comprehensive plan strongly promotes the physical form; in particular the 'Livable Built Environment,' which can be described as the orientation, form, density, balance and quality of development interacting to enhance the human scale. Gainesville's approach to planning is similar to communities found in the research that are typically dominated and prescribed to address land use regulation. Although land use regulation contributes significantly to the pursuit of sustainable development, having such limited developmental techniques does not embrace the holistic interconnectedness of the environment, economy and social equality. The theme of planning in Gainesville is characteristic among local governments throughout the United States in that principles associated with sustainable development have not been integrated in comprehensive planning. Gainesville does not have a single city department devoted to sustainability. Although the presence of organizations that are sustainability-related exist in Gainesville, this does not reflect commitment by the local government to principles of sustainable development. To effectively promote sustainable development in Gainesville the following recommendations are required: coordinated acceptance among city officials and departments instituted under a state mandate, the development of a new city department whose sole purpose is to address the principles of sustainability and a more dispersed promotion of all principles of sustainable development in the policies of the comprehensive plan. ( en )


In the figure of "Big Brother," George Orwell[1] gives us a generic version of the totalitarian leader-image, the face of an all-seeing state power at once governmental and familial. Big Brother is the big Other personified, a symbol of the power of the state that is specifically not the power of the individual; its design hides the average person's own role in propping up the totalitarian order, while suggesting that the gaze of the state is protective, like that of an older sibling. In Facebook, we have another figure of power, not a single still image but a dynamic and interactive social network of friendly faces. A more subtle but real commercial power interest—rather than that of the state—pervades a collection of overlapping connections: friendly, familial, fraternal, collegial, professional. In Facebook, the face of Big Brother has been replaced by the actual face of your big brother (sister, in my case). And your work friend. And your college roommate. And that person you had a crush on but never asked out. And that face you cannot place but did not refuse to "friend" because you don't want to hurt anyone's feelings to no purpose. You are watching them and they are watching you and you "like" this and they "like" that and the marketers are watching it all and figuring you out. In the future, your desires will appear before you as options to buy with uncanny speed and accuracy, things you did not even know you wanted and likely do not need: options for identity, channels for communication, venues for community commoditized. A Notion of Faces Not Laws: Facebook as Ideological Platform


people valuie health, we neglect to educate the people, and thus kill out the chances of such follies spreading through the world. In all our movements for social reform, for sanitation, or for public health, it is not our better hearts or kinder feelings which urge us on. We belong to a nation full of generous impulses, but which is simply ignorant of the right path. What urges us forward is our special knowledge of the causes of disease. To us they are apparent, but the world cannot see them until educated to our standard, or near it. If you ask me at present what element is at work in the country, creating most regard for the medical profession, and drawing the sympathies of the world to it, I would say it is neither colleges nor universities. It is the ambulance movement which is showing to the outer worlldow their bodies are built up, and how injuries result. This movement, which is quite in its infancy, is creating a wide sympathy for us everywhere. Its teaching of aid to the injured is merely a small part of its work, for the world is not always breaking its bones. But every day men and women are dying of equally preventable causes, of which they are ignorant. When a man or a woman has advanced as far as the ambulance class has taught him or her, the probability is that it is merely the first step to a study of life-conditions and sanitary needs. We need every day to become more teachers than we are; the logical function of the sanitarian is to teach each man to guard his own hea.lth, and until that teaching is given, progress cannot come to its full extent. I beg to suggest that without in any way interfering with the existing routines of the annual meetings, that a popular lecture addressed to all classes be part of the annual programme, and that the Council of the Association nominate the lecturer.-Yours,


• Large annular gaps in transition disks => probable dynamical clearing by multiple-planets (e.g. Dodson-Robinson et al. 2011, Zhu et al 2012, Zhu et al 2013). • Previous detections of spiral arms in transition disks: mostly in optical and NIR (e.g. Grady et al. 2001, Clampin et al. 2003, Muto et al. 2012, Grady et al. 2013, Boccaletti et al. 2013). • Spiral arms detection in sub-mm/radio wavelength before this work: only AB Aurigae (Corder et al. 2005, Lin et al. 2006, Tang et al. 2012.


BACKGROUND: The high mortality rate of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (CKD-HD) is influenced by the high number of cardiovascular-induced death and blood pressure variability (BPV).
AIM: The aim of this study is to understand the association between frailty status and intradialytic BPV.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study examining patients with CKD who underwent hemodialysis (HD) at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital from August to September 2022. BPV was calculated using the average real variability method and frailty status was assessed based on Frailty Index 40 Item. The association between frailty and systolic BPV was analyzed using the Chi-Square test, followed by logistic regression analysis to exclude the influence of the confounding variable.
RESULTS: Out of 88 subjects recruited, 28.4% (95% CI: 18.98–37.82) were considered frail, 55.7% (95% CI: 45.32–66.08) were pre-frail, and 15.9% (95% CI: 8.26–23.54) were robust. The mean intradialytic BPV was 10.11 (8.60–13.35). It was found that the trend increased along with the rising frailty status, and the mean difference of intradialytic systolic BPV based on the results of Kruskal–Wallis testing had statistical significance. The result of the multivariate analysis revealed an increase in BPV prevalence in patients with pre-frailty (adjusted PR = 1.606, 95% CI: 0.681–3.787) and frailty (adjusted PR = 1.886 (95% CI: 0.783–4.545).
CONCLUSION: Statistically, there is no association between frailty status and intradialytic BPV. However, clinically, a dose-response association was observed, indicating that the higher the frailty status, the higher the prevalence ratio for the occurrence of high BPV.


The presented article aims at marketing strategies adopted by organisations in the non-profit sector, as one of a few works in Slovakia dealing with this issue. Several scientific disciplines merged, or coincided, to integrate in the field of social services, which is undoubtedly the consequence of a growing need for competitiveness of organisations providing social services. The research was conducted in the second quarter of 2016 on a sample of selected NGO´s in two major cities in the West-Slovakia region Bratislava and Trnava (n=46). It flows from the results of the questionnaires and statistical processing of the obtained data that non-profit organisations (NGO´s) try to incorporate marketing strategies in their day-today activities, mainly due to their effort to improve the quality of the provided social services and customer retention.


This paper presents a non-contact current measurement method for multiconductor systems. Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors are used to form a circular sensor array. The fundamental current phasor on each conductor along with the conductor positions can be simultaneously recovered using the voltage phasors of the TMR sensor array by solving sufficient equations. The TMR sensor is characterized with an almost constant gain factor and a zero- phase shift over a frequency range of 50 Hz- 3.05 kHz such that the time-domain current waveforms can be then recovered in real time by matrix multiplication. A prototype instrument is designed and fabricated. Experiments for fundamental current phasors measurement and time-domain current waveforms reconstruction are performed to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.


The general dynamics of the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field is examined. We apply the Galerkin projection method to transform the partial differential equations ruling the dynamics of the collapse into a finite set of ordinary differential equations for the modal coefficients, after a convenient truncation procedure. We thus generate a dynamical system that not only reproduces the essential features of the dynamics of the gravitational collapse, even for a low order of truncation, but also discloses the structure of the dynamics. Each initial condition in modal space corresponds to a well defined spatial distribution of the scalar field. Numerical experiments with the system show that two main asymptotic configurations are possible: either the formation of a black hole or the dispersion of the scalar field leaving behind flat spacetime. Between the two asymptotic states there is a critical solution represented by a periodic orbit in the modal space with period Δ u ≈ 3.55. This periodic orbit acts as an intermediate attractor for the dynamics, being a limiting configuration for orbits generated from initial conditions in a critical surface of codimension one in the N-dimensional modal space. The compactness and fractality of this surface are briefly discussed.


As a kind of particular uncertain programming problem, stochastic transportation problem has wide application value in many fields, such as production planning, resource allocation, etc. In this paper, combining with the characteristic of stochastic transportation problem, take mathematical expectation and variance as the compound quantitative value of objective, moreover, take objective value and the synthesizing satisfying of constraints as the compound quantitative value of stochastic transportation problem, propose the objective evaluation strategy and decision synthesizing strategy, then the stochastic transportation programming model based on effect is established (denoted by BESTPM) and specific building steps are given. Finally, its performance is further discussed through a stochastic transportation example. All these indicate that BESTPM not only has good structure characteristics, but also effectively merges decision consciousness into solution.


The present study was conducted to observe the response of selenium application as a foliar spray on growth, some chemical composition, yield and quality of pea plants in Nubaria farm El-Behira Governorate, Egypt. This experimental study was done using split plot design in three replications in 2016/2017. Four levels of selenium foliar applications in "Nano and Mineral-Se (10, 20, 30 and 40 ppm) were used, in addition to the control treatment sprayed with water. Achieved results aboutsome parameters of pea plants in this study showed that the Mineral-Se (chemical) and Nano-Se (biological) selenium spraying treatments had a significant positive effect on all studied characteristics such as plant height, no. of leaves, no. of branches, fresh weight of leaves and stems, dry weight of leaves and stems, chlorophyll (SPAD) as well as yield quantity and quality which represented in pod weight, plant yield and total yield of pea plant. It could be concluded that, foliar spray of selenium " Nano or Mineral-Se" at rates of 10 and 20 ppm increased vegetative growth, yield and quality as well as mineral contents in leaves and seeds of pea plants. Moreover, the best use of selenium as a foliar spray was the Nano type because it is more safety and friendly environmental application compared with the chemical type.


Organic materials are an important source of nutrients for many smallholder farmers. The use of composted organic amendments is constrained by their variability and maturity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of aerobically composted chicken blood and maize stover mixtures on maize N uptake and to determine the effect on seed emergence in a greenhouse pot experiment. Four composts with proportions of 10%, 30%, 70% and 100% maize stover were used as soil amendments and compared against an unamended soil (control). The greenhouse pot experiment involved planting 10 maize seeds in each pot. Seed emergence percent was determined a week after sowing to ascertain whether the composts had phytotoxic effects. Percent emergence did not differ significantly among treatments (p =0.26). Two plants were allowed to grow in the pots for five weeks after which maize dry matter yield and foliar analysis followed. The foliar samples were analysed for total nitrogen, dry matter yield and cations (Mg, Ca, K and Na). Nitrogen uptake differed significantly among treatments and ranged from 0.27% to 0.75%. Nitrogen uptake was higher in soils amended with 10% and 30% maize stover compost treatments. Dry matter yield also differed significantly ranging from 1.09g to 2.2g per pot). Uptake of all cations did not differ (p>0.05) significantly among treatments. The 10% and 30% maize stover composts had greater potential to support maize growth as shown by the dry matter yield and total N concentrations in the plant samples.


Future sensors and weapons rapidly vary their power consumption presenting new challenges to ensuring stable operation of naval power systems. Through a series of examples, it is shown that standard small-signal impedance methods are a poor surrogate for understanding these pulsed systems and there is a need for large-signal stability analysis tools. Sum-of-squares optimization is proposed as a means of analyzing the nonlinear dynamics of these systems by providing estimates of the region of attraction, a key metric in large-signal stability. It is compared to polytopic methods and seen to provide more accurate results.


Arginine vasotocin (VT) is the ortholog in all nonmammalian vertebrates of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in mammals. We have previously cloned an amphibian V1atype vasotocin receptor (VT1R) that exhibited higher sensitivity for VT than AVP, while the mammalian V1a type receptor (V1aR) responded better to AVP than VT. In the present study, we identified the amino acid residues that confer differential ligand selectivity for AVP and VT between rat V1aR and bullfrog VT1R (bfVT1R). A chimeric rat V1aR having transmembrane domain (TMD) VI to the carboxyl-terminal tail (C-tail) of bfVT1R showed a reverse ligand preference for AVP and VT, whereas a chimeric VT1R with TMD VI to the C-tail of rat V1aR showed a great increase in sensitivity for AVP. A single mutation (Ile315(6.53) to Thr) in TMD VI of V1aR increased the sensitivity for VT, while a single mutation (Phe313(6.51) to Tyr or Pro334(7.33) to Thr) reduced sensitivity toward AVP. Interestingly the triple mutation (Phe313(6.51) to Tyr, Ile6.53 to Thr, and Pro7.33 to Thr) of V1aR increased sensitivity to VT but greatly reduced sensitivity to AVP, behaving like bfVT1R. Further, like V1aR, a double mutant (Tyr306(6.51) to Phe and Thr327(7.33) to Pro) of bfVT1R showed an increased sensitivity to AVP. These results suggest that Phe/Tyr6.51, Ile/Thr6.53, and Pro/Thr7.33 are responsible for the differential ligand selectivity between rat V1aR and bfVT1R. This information regarding the molecular interaction of VT/AVP with their receptors may have important implications for the development of novel AVP analogs.


The main objective of this study was to ascertain the impact of job clarity on nurses' job satisfaction in the public hospitals of Sindh province of Pakistan. The results presented a valid and reliable measurement model so that a structural model could be built upon it for testing research hypotheses. Results indicate that job clarity has an insignificant impact on job satisfaction among nurses in Pakistan. Moreover, the fairness perception does not moderate; rather, it is found to be a strong predictor of nurses' job satisfaction. In other words, people have a lack of clarity about tasks, roles, and responsibilities, often end up affecting their outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the element of fairness in jobs to boost job satisfaction. HR policies and general policy makers in the organization have a greater role in this regards to ensure that the work and task are divided on fair grounds and so the rewards.


Catherine Fitzmaurice (Professor of Theatre, University of Delaware; Diploma, Central School of Speech and Drama; B.A, M.A, University of Michigan) has taught at the Juilliard School, NYU, Harvard University, and the Central School of Speech and Drama, and currently at the Actors Center and privately in New York City. Catherine teaches workshops for voice professionals at numerous American and international universities and medical symposia. She has performed in and directed Shakespeare and contemporary works in London, California, and New York. Catherine's article, Breathing is Meaning, is published by Applause Books in The Vocal Vision.


An illumination assembly includes a lamp (10) having a plurality of light sources (11) which each emit light in a different color, and a control unit (12) for operating the light sources (11), wherein the control unit (12) is adapted to to change the setting of a desired color point or color temperature for the light output by a user, the spectral composition of the emitted light at substantially the natural color point or color temperature unchanged.


That insurance is the media which is support the economic of Indonesia, but in
Indonesia not explain spesific about the Consequential losses insurance, beside
Consequential losses insurance in practice has been standard contract and in general
is the kind of business interruption. Business Interruption consists of two kinds of
policy that is first, the policy separated from the mind insurance (ISFP 1998), or
Property All Risks Insurance and second, the policy covered under the main policy so
that becames combined policy. This business interruption can not stand by itself, it
always follows the other policy that become its main policy, by claim threatening that
its by man can be rejected. The safest legal form for insured is the separated policy,
the real business interruption insurance has its standard policy.Beside, by separated
policy there is freedom to gave formulation of clauses in insurance contract more
exactly and completely, the rights and obligation of the parties can be discribed
through schedule, specification, definitions, condition, and memorandum the policy
in practise has increased into "bestending gebruikelijke bedingen" as included in
Art. 1347 BW.


This paper presentS the results of mineralogical ana lysis of hydrothennal altered rocks from the Comstock Lode, near Virginia City, Nevada, USA, using two different techniques: reflectance spectromerry and X-ray diffraction. These resultS are discussed based on thcir quickncss, accuracy and low COstS. The applicability to mineral mapping using high spectral resolution rcmote sensing images is also briefly discussed. Comparison of the results obtained for both techniques have a good degree of correlation. showing that reflectance spectrometry represents an exped ite, simple and relatively inexpensive technique, capable of mapping nwnerous minerals in the field or in laboratory.


We must break through the developmental pattern of traditional economy,walk along the road of sustained development.It is impersonality demand that economy development,and economy internationalization.The strategy of sustained development is based on innovation of science and technology.To make innovation system through innovation of science and technology will make us suffice affront new challenges.


Objective: To investigate the internal consistency, the domain structure and the influence of social desirability with regard to a questionnaire translated and adapted to assess the quality of rehabilitation team conferences in the Netherlands. Study design: A questionnaire to determine group decision-making processes was translated and adapted to rehabilitation and completed by 44 rehabilitation professionals. Results: The internal consistency of the domains Personal participation, Negative socio-emotional behaviour, Result satisfaction and Process satisfaction was found to be satisfactory (Cronbach's α ranges from 0.70 to 0.84). The domain structure is confirmed by item–total and item–rest correlations. From the original English questionnaire, one question concerning the domain Personal participation was omitted. The domain Informal leadership has been deleted from the questionnaire, because informal leadership is not an issue in a situation in which the Chairman is already known. Response to the questionnaire did not seem to be biased by social desirability. Conclusion: The translated and adapted questionnaire can be used to assess the group processes of rehabilitation team conferences. Results from the literature concerning the original questionnaire suggest that the translated and adapted questionnaire might be able to detect changes in the group process of rehabilitation team conferences.


Document classification and document summarization have a fairly indirect relation as document classification fall into classification problems as opposed to document summarization, where it is treated as a problem of semantics. A major part of the summarization process is the identification of the topic or topics that are discussed in a random document. With that in mind, we try to discover whether document classification can assist in supervised document summarization. Our approach considers a set of classes, in which a document may be classified in, and a novel summarization scheme adapted to extract summaries according the results of the classification. The system is evaluated against a number of supervises and unsupervised approaches and yields significant results.


It is not generally recognized that there is "painter-lithography" as there is "painter-etching." Lithography has been and is being used as a means of direct expression, as an "original" art, just as are etching and woodengraving. It is a medium richly and delicately responsive to the artist's touch. The use of this process has resulted in a rich record of achievement. That appears clearly in the exhibition of Portraits in Lithography now on view in the New York Public Library, which is to remain there until April, and perhaps later.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this reseach to know the effect of cooperative learning model type team games tournament to see learning outcomes Science of primary school 15 Inderalaya Utara. The population is all of students in Primary School 15 Indralaya Utara. The sample is five grade with 34students as experimen class and 34 students as compare class. Methods of this reseach is experimen semu. Data collection used test tehniques with writting test. The writting test question analysed used validitas, reliabilitas and difficulties level test. The result tests analyzed with uji homogenitas, uji normalitas and uji-t. Based of analyzed, experiment class and compare class was homogen, distribution normal and  that means there are different average learning outcomes from experiment and compare class. Can be concluded there is effect from implemation cooperative learning type team games tournament to ipa learning outcome in primary school 15 Indralaya Utara. Keywords: learning models, TGT, learning outcomes.


The research was carried out in Liudaogou watershed,Shenmu County,which is the most serious erosion centre of wind-water erosion crisscross region.Vertical fine roots distribution of 6 main plant species were investigated with dig method.The results showed that(1) fine roots of these 6 plant species had similar vertical distribution characteristics,i.e.mainly focused in the upper soil and few in the deep soil;(2)Their fine root density(FRD)had great difference,the total FRD of Robinia pseudoacacia was 1.195 m2·m-2 in 0~2 m soil,Caragana korshinskii was 0.927 m2·m-2,Salix psammophila was 0.941 m2·m-2,Hippophae rhamnoides was 1.248 m2·m-2,Artemisia ordosica was 0.446 m2·m-2 and Medicago sativa was 0.631 m2·m-2,respectively.There were positive correlation between vertical distribution of fine root and soil water distribution in the profile;(3)Therefore,the further exploration between fine root distribution of different vegetation and soil water will promote vegetation construction in this region.


This time, we experienced a huge retroperitoneal liposarcoma (hereafter to as the present disease). The present disease commonly lacks in clinical manifestations due to the anatomical situation and is often discovered after developing to a huge tumor.For the diagnosis of the present disease, CT and MRI were useful. In CT. it presented as a low density tumor showing the CT values of -13-99 which are about the same as those of fat and the inside was heterogeneous without enhancement by the contrast medium. In MRI, it was heterogeneous of a low density in T1 image, a part of which showed a shelflike high intensity. In Gd-DTPA, an irregular contrast enhancement was observed at the marginal area. Angiography revealed a hypovascular tumor nourished mostly by arborizations from capsular artery system.Histopathologically, it was a mixture of well differentiated and myxoid types.


Building Electrical and Intelligent as one of the new professional in Civil Engineering,is highly interdisciplinary. Aiming at solving problems and deficiencies of Practical Education System of Building Electrical and Intelligent,with the experience of the researching on Practical Education System of Tianjin Chengjian University,propose a combination of production,study and research culture methods for excellence personnel practice. Social needs,technology updates and practice patterns are combined. Practical Education System for excellence personnel of Building Electrical and Intelligent is created,which is systematic and reflecting the engineering application.


Abstract Only little information is hitherto available on the thermal mobility of lithium in metals and semiconductors. Therefore, we undertook a study on the thermal behavior of lithium, implanted into various solids, by means of the NDP technique. In the majority of cases, the Li mobility is strongly influenced by trapping at damage sites, which were either induced by the previous irradiation or preexisting in the target material. In those cases, a more or less complete transition from the regular range profile shape to the nuclear damage profile shape is observed. Finally, in several systems, regular thermal diffusion is found, which can be described well by Fick's law. Frequently, a fraction of the implanted Li is found to be much more mobile than the majority of the implanted material, which gives rise to surface precipitations at relatively low temperatures. The surface precipitations vanish when Li sublimation sets in.


Brouwer, A.R.; Adaptive edge detection and line extraction for the vision survey system. M.Sc. Thesis, Measurement and Control Section ER, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands, June 1994. A Vision Survey System is being designed as a part of an intelligent robot welding system. The VSS uses CCD cameras to generate a geometrical scene description with the aid of knowledge based object model descriptions. Subtasks of the VSS are camera calibration, low-level vision operations, structural and geometrical matching and object part clustering. A synthetic image modeler is applied for verification purposes. The subjects of this thesis are the low-level vision module algorithms and the design and implementation of a user interface for the VSS. Output of the low-level vision module is a set of line-segments. These are obtained from a grey-level input image by performing lens correction, edge detection, line extraction and post-processing in succession. The task of edge detection is marking locations where changes in the brightness of the image occur. The line extraction algorithm attempts to fit straight lines through these so-called edgepixels. Schemes are proposed to automatically set optimal values for some edge detection parameters. Application of a post-processing algorithm condenses the number of lines and enhances their accuracy. The edge detection algorithm was improved by combining brightness information from different images, obtained with different lighting conditions. A user interface has been implemented using MS-Windows 3.1. A separation has been made between the coding of the VSS algorithms (nonwindows) and their graphical output and parameter settings. These I/O functions are handled by the user-interface.


The prospects for the use of molybdates and tungstates in the opto-electronic devises prompted studies of the structure, as well as luminescence and scintillation properties of MgWO 4 -MgMoO 4 system. The powder samples of (1 − x ) MgMoO 4 − x MgWO 4 ( x = 0 ; 0.01; 0.05; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7; 0.9, and 1.0) were synthesised by the solid state reaction technique at 900 ◦ C. The results of the X-ray structure analysis identified three types of crystal structure in the pseudo-binary MgWO 4 -MgMoO 4 system, i. e. β -MgMoO 4 , cuprosheelite α -MgMoO 4 , and wolframite MgWO 4 . It is shown that a single-phase solid solution MgMo 1 − x W x O 4 with β -MgMoO 4 structure is formed at x < 0 . 10 , whereas at higher concentration of tungsten the mixture of different phases is created. The phase composition of the sample determines the luminescence spectra; the maximum of the emission band is observed at 520 nm for β -MgMoO 4 , 590 nm for α -MgMoO 4 , and 480 nm for MgWO 4 . A possible correlation between the emission spectra and peculiarities of crystal structure are discussed in terms of the canonical configuration coordinate model. The emission efficiency of magnesium tungstate is found to be highest within the compounds under investigation. The scintillation light yield of MgWO 4 at T = 295 K is found to be 0.90 ± 0.15 of that of ZnWO 4 and remains high with the decrease of temperature.


ABSTRACT Coral reefs at Kaua'i, O'ahu, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawai'i were surveyed using a rapid assessment method for marine nonindigenous and cryptogenic species commonly found in Hawaiian harbors and embayments with restricted circulation. In 41 sites surveyed by rapid assessment 26 nonindigenous and cryptogenic species (three algae, 19 invertebrates, and four fishes) were recorded from a total of 486 total taxa identified, and 17 of the nonindigenous and cryptogenic species occurred at only one or two sites. No more than six non-indigenous and cryptogenic species were recorded at any one site, and 21 of the 41 sites had fewer than three. By comparison, laboratory identification of samples collected from seven of the sites closest to harbors found 6–23 nonindigenous and cryptogenic species per site. Values for nonindigenous and cryptogenic species from rapid assessment were compared with factors potentially influencing spread and proliferation of introduced marine species. These factors included distances from harbors, boat-launching ramps, stream mouths, and shorelines; degree of shoreline urbanization; quantity of artificial surfaces in the water; reef condition and isolation from the open ocean; and native species richness. A best subsets regression model explained over 65% of the variance in nonindigenous and cryptogenic species from two predictor variables and their interaction: isolation from the open ocean and number of native taxa, with most of the variance explained by a highly significant relationship of nonindigenous and cryptogenic species with isolation from open-ocean conditions.


In this paper, we study invariant Finsler metrics on homogeneous manifolds. We first give an algebraic description of these metrics and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a homogeneous manifold to have invariant Finsler metrics. As a special case, we study bi-invariant Finsler metrics on Lie groups and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a Lie group to have bi-invariant Finsler metrics. Finally, we provide some conditions for a homogeneous manifold to admit invariant non-Riemannian Finsler metrics and present some interesting examples.


Software development organizations are now discovering the efficiencies that can be achieved by architecting entire software product families together. In Software Architecture for Product Families, experts from one of the worlds most advanced software domain engineering projects share in-depth insights about the techniques that work -and those that dont. The book offers a solutions-oriented, case-study approach covering the entire development lifecycle, based on advanced work done by three of Europes leading technology companies and their academic partners. Discover the challenges that drive companies to consider architecting product families, and the new problems they encounter in doing so. Master concepts and terms that can be used to describe the architecture of a product family; then learn how to assess that architecture, and transform it into working applications. The authors also present chapter-length, realworld case studies of domain engineering projects at Nokia, Philips, and ABB.


Electric field derivatives associated with Narrow Bipolar Pulses (NBPs) were analyzed and presented in this paper. The electric field derivatives (dE / dt) of NBPs are characterized by bursts of high frequency (HF) oscillations which is distinctly different from the derivatives of the first return strokes. The wideband dE / dt of NBPs recorded with sampling rate of 100 MS/s in Sri Lanka showed that, the mean interval between each oscillating pulses was the order of 40 ns. The duration of the dE /dt bursts varied between 6 µs to 15 µs with the mean duration of 10.3 µs. Hence it was suggested that the mechanism of NBPs was a result of many micro scale breakdowns which occur within every few tens of nanoseconds inside the thundercloud. Therefore they were mostly responsible for the strong HF and VHF emissions from NBPs.


The low molecular weight polyisobutene (M n =2000) end capped with transition metal carboxylate groups has been observed to behave as a thermorheologically simple polymer. In these polymers, relatively weaker networks are developed compared with those containing alkaline earth or alkali metals. However, when the polymer contains double bonds, as in case polybutadienes, stronger networks are formed. The latter behaviour is conjectured to be due to the coordination of double bonds of the polybutadiene chain and the d-orbital of the transition metal


Straining of sheet metal leads to surface roughness changes. In this study, foils of AISI 201 and AISI 304 stainless steel were strained in uniaxial tension to impose roughening of their surfaces. Thereafter, the corrosion resistance, electrical resistivity, magnetic field density, and lubricated friction of the resulting surfaces were evaluated. The effect of strain-rate on the surface roughening, and thereby on the friction against tools, corrosion resistance, and occurrence of deformation-induced martensite was investigated. The AISI 304 material showed higher roughening than AISI 201 at low strain-rate. Lubricated friction is clearly affected by the changes to the surface of the strained foils that occur. When simulating a micro-forming process, the effect of strain-induced changes should be included where possible to maintain a high fidelity of the simulation. Strain-rate, in the range tested in this work, had only a minor effect on corrosion properties; however, the martensite fraction was reduced for material elongated at higher strain-rates.


The topic of my talk is the relationship between different kinds of possessives and their semantics. Most of the discussions of this topic consider nominal possessive constructions and center around the question of whether the possessum takes the possessor as an argument or as a modifier ([4], [2], [8] inter alia). I use data from a wider range of Russian possessive constructions, which typically has not been considered in the previous literature, to show that there is a relationship between the accessibility of the possessor's referent and its syntactic realization. Consider the following examples of Russian nominal and external possessive constructions:


Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum S100β in cardiopulmonary resuscitated patients. Methods Serum S100β concentrations were detected by ELISA in 67 patients with cardiac and respiratory sudden arrest treating with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 33 normal control group, and dynamic detecting the level of blood S100β of cardiopulmonary resuscitated patients. Results Blood samples in 67 patients were taken for the determination of S100β. Maximum S100β levels within 2 hours after cardiac arrest were significantly higher in patients with documented brain damage [surviors and nonsurviors, (4.2 ± 0.7 ) μg/L] than in patients without brain damage [(0. 8 ± 0.5) μg/L]. Significant differences between these two groups were observed from 30 minutes until 72 hours after cardiac arrest. Conclusion Astroglial protein S100β is an early and sensitive marker of hypoxie brain after cardiac arrest in humans.

Key words:
Heart arrest cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Brain damage; S100β protein


Objective: To study the effect of medical treatment combined with rehabilitation trainingprevention on venous thromboembolism complication of spinal cord injury.Methods: 138 cases of spinal cord injury patients were divided randomly into the treatment group(n = 69) and the control group(n = 69).The patients of the treatment group were treated by medical treatment combined with rehabilitation training,while the patients of the control group were treated by rehabilitation training.We observed their Efficacy of all patients.The two groups complicated venous thromboembolism were also analysed and evaluated.Results: Medical treatment combined with rehabilitation training in the prevention of venous thromboembolism complication of spinal cord was better than simple rehabilitation training.Conclusion: The rate of complicated venous thromboembolism of treatment group was 10.1%(7 case),but the control group was 15.9%(11 case).Their comparison showing very important significance(p 0.05).


Two Pentium Multi-Chip Modules (MCM) containing a Pentium Processor, part of the Intel Chipset and 512kBytes 2 level cache are compared in this paper. Since these two modules are targeted at different markets, they are implemented in quite different technologies. Both modules were developed at the Electronics Laboratory of the ETH Zürich. One module is built on a four layer MCM-D substrate and packaged in a Plastic Stud Grid Array Package (PSGA), developed by IMEC. The complete module is treated like a standard SMT component. The second module is a mix of SMT and Chip-on-Board (COB) technology. Therefore the substrate is an eight layer laminate with laserdrilled microvias, which is populated on both sides. The second level interconnection is provided by two SMT connectors on two sides of the module. The comparison of these two MCMs should reveal the impact of a chosen target market on partitioning and technology.


Aim We examined patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension using color Doppler ultrasound to observe the characteristics of atherosclerosis in lower artery.It would provide a theory for lower vascular disease prevention in patients with T2DM and hypertension. Methods 70 T2DM patients were divided into two groups: 35 type 2 diabetes without hypertension and 35 type 2 diabetes with hypertension,35 people in the control group received lower extremities vascular Doppler ultrasonography test.It included both lower extremities femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery.The intimal-media thickness(IMT) value,plaque size,resonance,distribution and haemodynamics index of every subjects were recorded. Results Plaque of lower extremities in type 2 diabetes without hypertension and type 2 diabetes with hypertension were higher than the controls(P0.05).The plaque incidence rate and IMT in group type 2 diabetes without hypertension were much lower than group type 2 diabetes with hypertension(P0.05).Compared with the controls,the femoral artery,popliteal artery,arteria dorsalis pedis peak value flow rate cut down in the type 2 diabetes without hypertension and type 2 diabetes with hypertension group(P0.05). Conclusion It can detect the characteristics of atherosclerosis in lower artery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hypertension by color Doppler ultrasound.In the two-dimensional images of the performance of the lower extremities artery IMT-irregular thickening,plaque formation,particularly the main artery distal small;Color Doppler showed femoral artery,popliteal artery,dorsalis pedis artery peak velocity slowed down,pulsatility index(PI)raised.


SIMULATION OF A HOLOGRAPHIC 3-D TELEVISION DISPLAY Gözde Bozdağı M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Levent Oniiral December 1990 The theory and the computer simulations of an acousto-optical holographic 3-D television display are presented in this dissertation. The technique used is based on the reproduction of the desired pattern, in our case the hologram, using traveling surface waves. The crystal that will be used as the medium of display is assumed to have a number of electrodes attached to it on one side. If signals are applied to all of the electrodes, propagating waves from the electrodes will superpose to form a time-varying surface field pattern on the crystal. It is possible to find out the signals to be applied to the electrodes through an inversion relationship from the original holographic pattern. The proposed method is simpler and more efficient than the methods available in the literature and it solves the display resolution problem completely.


This super high resolution (SHR) video codec system is based on a spatial image division and multiple stream output approach and is implemented with multiple MPEG-2 HDTV Codec LSI's. The encoder has two operation modes, a non-multiplexing mode, and a multiplexing mode. In the non-multiplexing mode, the encoder outputs four constant bit rate transport streams (CBR-TS's) for which it can use two channel-synchronization schemes, system time clock (STC) sharing and sync-marker. In the multiplexing mode, the encoder outputs one CBR-TS comprised of four variable bit rate elementary streams (VBR-ES's), where cooperative operation between the pre-encoder and main-encoder realize adaptive bit allocation between four channels. The encoder also has a video shift and padding function which reduces distortion caused by the image division. These functions enable high-efficiency, high-quality SHR video coding.


SUMMARY One important practical application of principal component analysis is to reduce a large number of variables, say p, to a smaller number, m, by making use of the first m principal components. This technique can easily be extended to two or more groups if the subspaces spanned by the first m principal components are the same for all groups. In this paper we develop an approximate procedure for testing such a hypothesis of common subspaces when two groups are involved. The adequacy of the approximation is investigated by a simulation and the method is illustrated by a numerical example.


A graph $G=(V,E)$ is a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if there exists an edge-weighted tree $T$ and two non-negative real numbers $d_{min}$ and $d_{max}$, $d_{min} \leq d_{max}$, such that each node $u \in V$ is uniquely associated to a leaf of $T$ and there is an edge $(u,v) \in E$ if and only if $d_{min} \leq d_{T} (u, v) \leq d_{max}$, where $d_{T} (u, v)$ is the sum of the weights of the edges on the unique path $P_{T}(u,v)$ from $u$ to $v$ in $T$. Understanding which graph classes lie inside and which ones outside the PCG class is an important issue. In this paper we propose a new proof technique that allows us to show that some interesting classes of graphs have empty intersection with PCG. As an example, we use this technique to show that wheels and graphs obtained as strong product between a cycle and $P_2$ are not PCGs.


This app is mainly concerned with police department .The basics of police architecture build with four zones namely south, east, north, and west. Each zone has three to four districts and each district has eight to ten station .This app focused on one district with eight stations. This app acts as a bridge between people and their respective police station in charges directly; People can register and communicate with their respective police station. This app can be used as an emergency alert purpose locked house information, general complaints and accidental complaints etc. Whenever people make their information about locked house, it gives alert to station in charges so that station in charges can monitor the house .It provides information to the people about police station daily safe guard mission. People can inform any complaints or accidental complaints via this app so that it directly reaches their station   limit in charges,  police in charges can take actions immediately. Through this application the people who are seeing the accident or the crime on the road side can easily make a picture on that scene and can send it the nearest portal so that their preference will give according to situation need such as ambulance, fire station help or police help. This application provides more user friendly to the user


In the past 10 years, the number of malpractice claims filed against physicians increased ten times. The reasons of rapid increasing are various, the most important reason is breaking belief toward doctors. In past, patients regard doctor as humanistic, patients believed that medical treatments were proper. In these days, patients regard patient-doctor relation as contract. And conflicts(includng lawsuits) concerned with medical malpractice are rapidly increased. There are many approaches to managing and resolving conflicts. The solutions they seek are those that allow people in conflicts to satisfy their interests and minimize their costs. And now, more than ever before, there is a need for dispute resolution procedures that assist parties in meeting their needs, satisfying their interests, and minimizing physical and psychological harm. For these reasons, the Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR") methods have made an important contribution to peaceful dispute resolution in the field of medical accidents. The purpose of this paper is to address the concept and procedures of ADR in the field of medical accidents in Korea, and then to explore some ways of improving the ADR procedures in Korea. Now, the Korean courts are confronted with a great burden of caseloads, and thus inevitably need diverse ADR methods. Various ADR methods are available to resolve medical malpractice claims. Many promise to work more effectively and fairly than the current tort system. Litigation is adversarial, traumatic, and often detrimental to the patient-physician relationship. Litigation stress can take an enormous toll on the both the plaintiff and the defendant. The expense of litigation prevents equal access to the system; sometimes patients who have suffered damages from medical negligence are not able to secure representation because their claim is too small. The other purpose of this paper is to provide alternative strategies for resolving malpractice disputes that have been applied to medical malpractice actions. In actions for damage arising out of medical malpractice, the question of evidence, whether the cause of action is breach of obligation or tort action, is considerably different from that in general proceedings. That is, as most of the evidence is centered on the part of doctors, the successful chances of patients in such actions are low. There has been much research on theories which attempt to overcome these problems under the Evidence Act. In this thesis, I made a similar attempt at, by taking into consideration, in particular, the applicability to Korean legal procedures, the doctrines of "reduction of burden of proof", "shift of burden of proof" and "obstruction of evidence production" by analyzing these doctrines.


Pre-service teacher librarians in the United States often are en route from careers as classroom teachers and view field experiences as needless repetitions of student teaching. Meaningful internships can be pivotal in helping students explore potential roles, build collegial networks, and gain valuable on-the-job insight. For an educator in transition from a single classroom to a manyfaceted school library, field practica can provide crucial opportunities to shift to the organizational, collaborative mindset outlined in Information Power, the U.S. school library guidelines (1998). This paper presents an instrumental case study gathered as part of an ongoing study of practicum experiences.


From December 1991 to April 1995, 70 consecutive New Jersey low-contact stress (LCS) total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) were performed. Twenty two TKAs were done using rotating platform tibial component, and 48 were done using meniscal bearing tibial component. Two patients sustained bearing insert failure at eight years after primary TKA. Subluxation of tibiofemoral articulation occurred in one case, secondary to increased polyethylene wear and ligamentous instability. It was corrected easily by the insertion of a thicker bearing. The other case had patellar bearing breakage with delamination, but patellofemoral maltracking was not seen. The polyethylene of the patellar component was changed, improving the condition of both patients with relief of pain. Component failure, especially polyethylene wear and breakage were found to occur frequently.


Given a general channel, we first formulate the idetification capacity problem as well as the resolvability problem with input cost constraint in as the general form as possible, along with relevant fundamental theorems. Next, we establish some mild sufficient condition for the key lemma linking the identification capacity with the resolvability to hold for the continuous input alphabet case with input cost constraint. Under this mild condition, it is shown that we can reach the {\em continuous}-input fundamental theorem of the same form as that for the fundamental theorem with {\em finite} input alphabet. Finally, as important examples of this continuous-input fundamental theorem, we show that the identification capacity as well as the resolvability coincides with the channel capacity for stationary additive white (and also non-white) Gaussian noise channels.


Scintillator is an important component which determines the overall performances of PET detectors, and scintillators with fast timing in addition to high light yield are required to achieve better performances, especially for TOF PET scanners. Recently, there have been several reports [1] [2] [3] on Lutetium Fine Silicate (LFS) [4] scintillator showing its improved timing and energy resolution than LYSO (LSO), which has been commonly used for TOF PET. In addition to the superior timing performance of LFS, excellent time resolution, e.g., 96 and 148 ps fwhm, were reported in [2] and [3], respectively, by using 15 mm LFS scintillator. We have carried out a performance comparison between LFS and LYSO scintillator to check the reported results experimentally. In our study, a high-speed waveform sampling digitizer, DRS4 [5], is used for signal readout to measure the event time of the detectors precisely; the electronic time resolution of the DRS4 readout is measured to be ~5 ps fwhm [6]. To investigate the effects on the timing performances, scintillators with three different length are tested in our study. Some preliminary results on decay time, time and energy resolution at 511 keV are presented here.


In wireless sensor networks, a moving object tracking scheme is one of core technologies for real applications such as environment monitering and enemy moving tracking in military areas. However, no works have been carried out on processing the failure of object tracking in sparse sensor networks with holes. Therefore, the energy consumption in the existing schemes significantly increases due to plenty of failures of moving object tracking. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel moving object tracking scheme based on polynomial regression prediction in sparse sensor networks. The proposed scheme activates the minimum sensor nodes by predicting the trajectory of an object based on polynomial regression analysis. Moreover, in the case of the failure of moving object tracking, it just activates only the boundary nodes of a hole for failure recovery. By doing so, the proposed scheme reduces the energy consumption and ensures the high accuracy for object tracking in the sensor network with holes. To show the superiority of our proposed scheme, we compare it with the existing scheme. Our experimental results show that our proposed scheme reduces about 47% energy consumption for object tracking over the existing scheme and achieves about 91% accuracy of object tracking even in sensor networks with holes.


Taxonomical study of Orchidaceae at Talang Mountain had been done from September 2012 to March 2013. Plant samples were collected along climbing path of Talang Mountain using survey method. Those samples were processed and identified at Herbarium of Andalas University (Herbarium ANDA) Padang. This study found 23 species of orchids which belong to 16 genera (i.e. Arundina, Bulbophyllum, Ceratostylis, Coelogyne, Chelonistele, Dendrobium, Dendrochilum, Eria, Hylophila, Liparis, Oberonia, Peristylus, Phaius, Pholidota, Sphatoglotis, and Trichoglottis ). Fifteen species were ephyphytic and eights pecies were teresterial plant. One speciesof the orchids ( Eria merapiensis Schltr.) is endemic in Sumatra. Keywords : orchidaceae, species, identification, Talang Mountain, endemic.


The relationship between depression and alterations in circadian hormonal rhythms has received much attention in recent times. In particular abnormalities in cortisol rhythm can be viewed as an endocr


External ocular infections caused by adenoviruses are among the most common eye infections seen worldwide. They lead to highly infectious community epidemics, seasonal outbreaks, lost productivity, significant patient discomfort and in some cases permanent visual compromise from long-term immune-mediated sequelae1. Though several therapeutic agents have been evaluated for acute viral conjunctivitis in both animal models and human trials, none to date have been approved for therapeutic use in humans2,3,4. Both bacterial and viral pathogens cause acute infectious diseases of the ocular surface with similar clinical presentation. Key differences exist in the mechanism, host response and epidemiology of each etiologic agent. Consideration of these differences shapes our approach to treatment and our approach to the evaluation of therapeutic agents in clinical trials.


This paper studied ways of muskmelon in vitro regeneration, and the effects of vitro regeneration of muskmelon,including genotype, explant, culture factors and plant growth regulating substance. The problems existing in the research were discussed, and the prospect of application and development prospects of vitro regeneration of muskmelon.


The presented study is focused on the investigation of influence factors and mechanism of small-volume liquid extraction of four amphetamines,named amphetamine(AM),methamphetamine(MAM),3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine(MDA) and 3,4-methylenemethamphtamine(MDMA) in biological samples.The extraction efficiencies between regular volume and small volume extraction methods were compared;some influence factors for small-volume liquid extraction such as the type and volume of organic solvent,concentration of target analytes in aqueous phase were examined,and the mechanism was studied preliminarily.It was shown that small-volume liquid extraction has a certain effect on the enrichment of analytes,the smaller the volume was,and also the lower the analytes concentration in aqueous solution was,the greater the enrichment gained.It could be deduced that organic film between organic and aqueous phases played an important role in the enrichment.Some biological specimens such as saliva and hair were extracted by means of the method.The organic phase was directly injected into GC for analysis,or transferred into another vial for derivatization after extraction.The LOD for these amphetamines was 5×10-8 g/mL in saliva with GC/MS-SIM without derivatization,and 5×10-11 g/mg in hair after MBTFA derivatization.The method validation data demonstrate that all parameters such as linearity,repeatability,relative standard variation and accuracy can meet the requirement for the drug analysis.The extraction procedure is simple,sensitive,economic and time-saving,and can be used for the analysis of the drugs in biological specimens.