Introduction/Background The professional literature is well documented with citations that predict a future perioperative nursing shortage not only in the United States, but throughout the world. Only a small percentage of all nurses are perioperative and it is estimated that nearly 20% of those employed will retire in the next five years. This shortage is compounded by the absence of a perioperative curriculum in most nursing programs. Because of the amount of information included in both ADN and BSN programs, courses in clinical specialty areas are offered less often. In addition, clinical rotations in perioperative settings have been eliminated form most baccalaureate nursing curricula. This absence of perioperative courses in nursing programs also reduces new graduate interests in this specialty area and awareness of employment opportunities in the operating room environment. Finally, the cost of recruiting, hiring and orienting nurses to a medical specialty is difficult to calculate. According to the literature, the cost is estimated from $59-64,000. The difficulty includes application, recruitment, interviewing and hiring process. Further costs are associated with the extensive length and experience requirement to orient a new perioperative nurse to be a productive member of the surgical team. In order to proactively plan for this shortage, a private University's Undergraduate Nursing Program and a large, mid-western Hospital system entered into an innovative partnership. Assembled in April 2012 to explore, develop and implement a perioperative course, the team included faculty from Otterbein University and staff from three OhioHealth hospital campuses, Organizational Development and Experiential Learning. Traditionally, undergraduate nursing education has not emphasized process or experiential learning groups as a way to facilitate students learning the skills required to understand group processes and to function effectively in teams. These learning environments are critical for successful perioperative staff. In response, a curriculum applying experiential learning theory and using simulation instead of traditional learning Methods was designed. The hands-on course, offered in a condensed semester called a J-term, incorporated online activities, lecture, simulation and clinical experiences in a small group setting. Methods The innovative elective course developed by the cross-disciplinary team resulted in positive outcomes. The course was added to the undergraduate nursing curriculum for a second J-term in 2014 and a full semester in 2015 at the University. Additionally, the University intends to use this planning model to pilot other elective courses for alternate specialty areas. Most notable outcome was OhioHealth hired three of the four senior nursing students completing the elective course as perioperative nurses. Hiring these nursing students reduced the human resource costs of recruiting and hiring specialty nurses. In each case, the hiring managers indicated a reduced orientation length of two months for these new hires. This reduction in orientation time is equivalent to approximately $30,000. Further outcomes include opportunities to offer senior practicum and nursing electives in various specialty areas within the hospital system and improved communication among and within perioperative areas across the participating hospital campuses. Results: Conclusion The collaboration between multiple OhioHealth hospital campuses, experiential learning, organizational development and academic partnership staff was new to the system. The success of the collaboration demonstrates the need, opportunity and quality of further cross-disciplinary partnerships, not only in management of academic opportunities but in creatively meeting staffing needs. This model can provide a system approach to ensure the future of staffing for our operating rooms as well as serve as a model to reduce orientation time in specialty areas where orientation is often extensive. References 1. Kinyon, J., Keith, C. B., Pistole, M. C. 2009. A collaborative approach to group experiential learning with undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education. 48.3:165-6. 2. Lisko, S. A., O'Dell, V.
2010. Integration of theory and practice: experiential learning theory and nursing education. Nursing Education Perspectives. 31.2:106-8. 3. Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. 4. Bambini, D., Washburn, J., Perkins, R. 2009. Outcomes of clinical simulation for novice nursing students: communication, confidence, clinical judgment. Nursing Education Perspectives. 30.2: 79-82. 5. Pugsley, K.E., Clayton, L. H. (2003) Traditional lecture or experiential learning: Changing student attitudes. Journal of Nursing Education 42.11:520-3. 6. Scherer, Y.K., Bruce, S.A., Graves, B.T., Erdley, W. S. (DATE). Acute care nurse practitioner education: enhancing performance through the use of clinical simulation. Buffalo, The State University of New York, School of Nursing, Buffalo, NY. CONFIRM CITATION. 7. Holmes, S.P. 2004. Implementing a perioperative nursing elective in a baccalaureate curriculum. AORN Jour. 80:5. 902-910. 8. Happell, B. 2000. Student interest in perioperative nursing practice as a career. AORN Journ 71. 600-605. 9. Kinyon, J., Keith, C.B., Pistole, M.C. 2009. A collaborative approach to group experiential learning with undergraduate nursing students. Jour of Nurs Education 48.3:165-6. 10. Bambini, D. Washburn, J., Perkins, R. (2009). Outcomes of clinical simulation for novice nursing students: Communication, confidence and clinical judgment. Nursing Educ Perspectives 30.2: 79-82. 11. Pugsley, K.E. and Clayton, L.H. (2003). Traditional lecture or experiential learning: changing student attitudes. Jour of Nurs Educ 42.11:520-523. 12. Mullen, L. and Byrd, D. (2013). Using simulation training to improve perioperative patient safety. AORN Jour. 97.4: 419-427. 13. Messina, B.M., Ianniciello, J.M. and Escallier, L.A. 2011. Opening the doors to the OR: Providing students with perioperative clinical experiences. AORN Jour 94.2: 180-188. 14. New Zealand Nurses Organisation. 2010. Shortage of perioperative nurses predicted. Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand. 16.9: 9. 15. Storen, I. and Hanssen, I. 2011. Why do nurses choose to work in the perioperative field? AORN Jour 94.6: 578-589 16. Wilson, G. 2012. Redesigning OR Orientation. AORN Journal. 95.4: 453-462. 17. Claridge, S. 2012. Reintroducing nursing students to the perioperative environment. The Dissector. 40.3: 40-42. 18. Willemsen-McBride, T. 2010. Preceptorship planning is essential to perioperative nursing retention: Matching teaching and learning styles. Canadian Operating Room Nursing Journal. 28:1. 10-11, 16, 18-21. Disclosures None.


A series of oxine containing polymers, prepared by condensation techniques and by the coupling of oxine to diazotised poly(amino-styrenes), have been investigated in terms of their total capacities for Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II),Zn(II), Al(III), and UO(Il) as a function of pH and their rates of equilibration with, solutions of metal ions. Other chelating polymers containing salicylic acid, alizarin or pyridyl azo resorcinol as the functional group have also been examined to determine their behaviour with the same six metals. An attempt to determine the magnitude of the stability constants for the metal-resin complexes, uranyl and copper-poly styrene chelates, has been made. It has been shown that the uranyl values lie somewhat lower than the stability constants of the corresponding metal-monomor complexes, whilst the copper values are of the same order as the corresponding metal-nonomer complex.


Security is an important issue for deployment of applications based on software agent technology. However, not all applications require the same set of countermeasures, nor can they depend entirely on the agent system to provide them. Instead, countermeasures are applied commensurate with the anticipated threat profile and intended security objectives for the application. Our focus here is specifically on technical mechanisms, as opposed to procedural or non-technical measures. Such countermeasures can be integrated directly into an agent system, or incorporated into the design of an agent to supplement the capabilities of an underlying agent system they typically face a more severe set of threats than do static agents and, therefore, demand more rigorous countermeasures The use of agents has several advantages and a few disadvantages, including added security issues. In this paper, we survey several experimental agent systems under development and describe their current security mechanisms. We then develop a general agent model and discuss general security issues in that model. . This paper gives an overview of the threats associated with software agent systems and including the strengths and weaknesses of the techniques involved. Emphasis is on mobile software agents, since


This chapter explores ways in which equivalence between qualifications across Europe can be established and, in particular, the basis for constructing zones of mutual trust(ZMTs). It addresses the following questions: Is trust alone sufficient to establish some form of equivalence between qualifications? What do qualifications stand for? What is the labour market currency of occupational qualifications? Where and how can ZMTs be established? The chapter concludes by emphasising the need to establish equivalence between qualifications that are vocational education and training (VET) based rather than purely labour market based.


Abstract:  Recently, deposition of C4d, reflecting complement activation via the classical pathway, has been established as marker of antibody‐mediated rejection. As C4d can be detected in paraffin sections, it allows for retrospective analysis in populations with low case loads, such as in pediatric transplantation. In this study we re‐evaluated consecutive renal transplant biopsies obtained since 1990 in 36 children (18 boys, 18 girls) who had received their allograft (nine living, 27 cadaveric) at an age of 10.12±4.4 yr. Clinical indications for biopsy were 16 acute steroid resistant rejections (ASRs), 11 chronic rejections and nine other diagnoses. Overall, C4d deposition was found in nine cases (25%), eight of them with diagnosed ASR. Six out of these eight allografts were lost during 36 months of clinical follow‐up, a significantly higher rate than in C4d‐negative biopsies (p<0.05). C4d status therefore turned out to be an excellent predictor for inferior graft survival following ASR. None of the other histopathologic markers were sensitive for humoral rejections. In conclusion, the high prevalence of C4d‐positive staining in ASR demonstrates the importance of the humoral part of the immune system in pediatric transplantation. The worse outcome of C4d‐positive rejections despite massive immunosuppressive therapy clearly indicates the need for innovative therapies in this high‐risk population.


Between August 2016 and January 2017, a very energetic seismic sequence induced substantial horizontal and vertical ground displacements in the Central Italian Apennines. After this event, the Italian Military Geographical Institute (IGM), owner and manager of the Italian geodetic networks, executed several topographic surveys in the earthquake area in order to update the coordinates of vertices belonging to the IGM95 geodetic network. The measurements began in the areas where the most significant deformation occurred: the localities of Amatrice and Accumoli, in the Rieti Province, and the area covering Norcia and Castelluccio, in the Province of Perugia, all the way to Visso (Province of Macerata). The activities described in this paper focused on the updated measurement of the IGM95 network points through GNSS and the restatement of extensive parts of the high precision geometric lines that were levelled until reaching stable zones. This unprecedented amount of data was used for a new geological interpretation of the seismic sequence, which confirms some of the previous hypotheses of the scientific community. In the analyzed territory, the latest estimate of the geodetic position points has allowed for an accurate determination of the east and the north and of the altitude components of the displacement induced by the earthquake through a comparison with the previous coordinates. The results confirm that the seismicity was induced by normal faults system activity. Still, they also indicate the possible influence of a significant regional thrust that conditioned the propagation of the seismicity in the area. The obtained maps of the displacement are coherent with other geodetic works and with a rupture propagation driven by the documented geotectonic structure.


From a narrative perspective, the novel and the film The Joy Luck Club tell the same story, but they use different narrative strategies. There is still a gap in research comparing the novel and film texts of The Joy Luck Club from a narrative perspective. This paper compares the narrative texts of the novel and the film version of The Joy Luck Club, analyzing the similarities and differences between the narrative of the literary work and its film adaptation and their effects through five aspects: narrative structure and narrative perspective, artistic expression, plot, imagery transformation, and narrative frequency. Ultimately, it is found that although the film version of The Joy Luck Club has altered the original novel in terms of plot, it still respects the core ideas that the author wanted to express. Furthermore, due to its unique presentation method, it also achieves sound artistic effects.


Isolated gastric rupture due to blunt trauma is anextremely rare entity in traumatology where the diagnosis can be extremely uncertain. Patients may be lulled into a false sense of security and present late which can be detrimental. Expedient treatment is lifesaving in this condition which can associated with high morbidity and mortality. We wish to present an interesting case of isolated gastric rupture in an adolescent.


the nanocomposites formed by SO3H-hollow-nanosphere and chiral amine are highly efficient catalysts for the direct asymmetric aldol reaction of cyclohexanone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. The catalyst showed 91% yield with 96% ee under optimized reaction conditions. The nanocomposites showed much higher reaction rate than the catalyst formed be the combination of chiral amine and SO3H-mesoporous-organosilica(ribbon shaped particle with particle size of tens of micrometers)in the direct asymmetric aldol trection. This is mainly attributed to the hollow spherical morpholigy and nano-scaled partical size (16-20nm)of the SO3H-hollow-nanospheres.Our results show that the hollow nanosphere is an excellent catalysts or catalyst support for heterogeneous catalysis, and its applications in other fields can be expected.


According to density functional theory, we investigate the effects of BF3, BF4, BCl3, AlF3, AlCl3, AlBr3, BeF3, GaF3, GaCl3, GaBr3, NO3, BS2, BSO, BO2, F2, PF5, PCl5, and ASF5 molecules on the geometric, electronic, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of an Mg12O12 nanocage. The thermodynamic stability and feasibility of the adsorption process are investigated by analyzing the free energy. It is shown that the adsorptions of almost all molecules on the Mg12O12 surface are exothermic. The calculations of the polarizability of these nanoclusters show that among the studied molecules, BeF3 has the largest influence on the polarizability value (α ≈ 315 a.u., the unit a.u. is short for atomic unit). The static first hyperpolarizability (β0) value is increased in the presence of these superhalogens. This increase is greatest for BeF3 and BF4 of which the highest value of the first hyperpolarizability (β0 ≈ 5775 a.u.) is related to a BeF3c(e@Mg12O12) nanocluster. The adsorption position is a key to estimating the value of increasing the first hyperpolarizability.


We can easily find that the sources for the picture books are obtained from the diverse sources. It is never too exaggerating to say the sources may come from the east and west in all history. The present text centers on the theme-"the Moon"-to explore the style presentations of pictures and texts, in the ten illustrated children storybooks: "Si Lune Pouvait Parler," "Many Moons," "Jon's Moon," "Happy Birthday Moon," "Papa, Please Get the Moon for Me," "Moon Man," "My Moon, Our Moon," "My Friend the Moon," "The Moon.the Earth.the Sun," "Moon, Don't Chase Me," "The Dragon and the Seven Moons," "Blasket Moon" and "Seven Moons," etc.


The results of an investigation of the influence of the effective mass m* of carriers and of their density in a surface regions of a semiconductor with a permittivity epsilon-c on the electrophysical parameters of Josephson junctions (P.T.O) are reported and optimization of these parameters is described. (AIP)


There have been many applications of the maximal covering location problem (MCLP). An underlying assumption of the MCLP is that demand not covered (i.e., not within a prespecified maximal distance of a facility) is not served. This may be an unrealistic assumption in many location planning scenarios, especially in the public sector. For example, in cases such as fire protection or ambulance service, calls not technically covered will still be serviced. The MCLP, however, does not consider the distances or travel times necessary to service such demand.

This paper presents a bicriterion locational covering model which explicitly considers the travel distance or time necessary to service demand not within the maximal covering distance of a facility. The model may be used to generate noninferior (Pareto optimal) siting configurations which demonstrate the inherent trade-offs between a siting scheme designed to maximize total coverage and one designed to minimize total travel time for uncovered demand to reach its nearest facility. In addition, it is shown that for any particular weighting scheme on the two objectives, the problem can be solved as a p-median problem; a problem for which several efficient solution methods exist.


When the image displayed on the display panel and the combination of lenses, the correction of inconsistencies between the lens center and the center of the eye viewing position of the user of the projected image due to image distortion. Pre-established for the distortion correction vector, the correction vectors corresponding to the offset between the center of the lens and the eye in the visual center position of the optical system. When the user wears the head-mounted unit (10), using the offset between the center of the lens and the center of the eye position of the optical system in the visual correction vector corresponding to the input image correction, on the head-mounted unit (10) presenting images without distortion or chromatic aberration.


Preparation of bachelors and masters on directions 280200 "Protection of an environment" and 280400 of "Arrangement of a nature" on faculty of arrangement of a nature of Mari State Technical University is conducted from the end of XX century. The saved up scientific and pedagogical experience has allowed to reveal for conditions of mentality of Russia and slow reform of education the main difficulties of introduction of principles Bologna agreement. The technique of calculation of the criteria describing properties of quality of through education and education of the person from its birth before end of a cycle of creative (innovational) labour activity is given.


The geo-economic diversity of the regions of France is considerable. Their ability to fit into the knowledge economy leads to a typology into five categories.


Charts 2812 and 2813 show the N orthern and Southern hemispheres o f the E arth respectively in polar stereographic projection, the chart face being restricted to the approximate coastlines. The charts m ay be used for global representations o f all kinds, for example for hydrographic and meteorological purposes. The peculiarity of stereographic projection is, however, shown to particular advantage if it is intended to represent circles, since circles on the E arth 's surface also appear on the chart as circles (or straight lines) if it is permissible to regard E arth approximatively as a sphere. This is to be taken as a presupposition for the following remarks. Furtherm ore, all lines on the chart intersect at the same angle as in nature: the projection is "conform ai" .


With the acceleration of smart grid construction, Distributed Generation (DG) integration technology needs to be developed urgently. Reactive power optimization including windfarm is studied, and the variability and intermittency of wind speed is considered in this paper. The multi-objective reactive power optimization model including network loss, average deviation of voltage and stability margin of static voltage is established. The traditional genetic arithmetic is improved, and logarithmic barrier function in interior point method is introduced into the fitness function. So premature and partial convergence is avoided and the problem that some voltage values easily approach the upper limit in the traditional reactive power optimization is solved. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE-57 bus system with wind farm.


:Objective To establishthe optimum preparation process for Yinxingye Dropping Pills. Methods The preparationconditions, such as different kinds of primary substance, cooling agent, the proportionbetween the extracts and primary substance, etc, were studied with L9 (34) orthogonaldesign. Results At the following conditions could the best was 30 d/min, dropping distancewas 8cm, and cooling temperature was 10℃. Conclusion This preparation process was suitable forboth laboratory test and industrial production for Yinxingye Dropping Pills.

Key words:
Yinxingye Dropping Pills; Polyglycol; Orthogonal design


also Ontly a few pathological reports upon special topics not dealing with the disease as a whole have been published by Stevenson, Tuirnbull, and Seidelin in relation to the disease known as yellow fever in .West Africa." (The italics are mine.) This, I submit, does a great deal less than -justice to the work and reports of the Yellow Fever Coinimission (West Africa), appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1913,. of which the late Sir William Leishman, Sir Ronald Ross, and Sir William J. Simpson were the oilginal members, and of which I had the honour to be chairiman. The.reports of that Commission and of the investigators who were senit out to West Africa, amongst whom was the late Mr. Bacot, deal very fully and exllaustively with the diseage in all its aspects, and I am not aware of aniy important additionis to our kniowledge of that disease which have since been mnade, with the exception of those for wlhich we are indebted to the late and grievously lamented Adrian Stokes. I note in the paper just mentioned the followinig: It is not our purpose to discuss the parallelism of the lesions :if the various organs in fatal cases occurring in. Africa and in kmerica. Suffice it to say that in a pathological study of the naterials from thirty-five fatal cases taking place in Nigeria ind the Gold Coast we were led to conclude that no fundamental difference was to be noted." An erroneous, bacteriological observation would appear bo be ani inadequate reasoni for a change in the name of a disease.-I ami, etc., JAMES K. FOWLER, Chairman, late Yellow Fever Commission London, W.I. (West Africa).


One of the most active and promising areas of statistical machine translation (SMT) research are tree-based SMT approaches. Tree-based SMT has the potential to overcome the weaknesses of early SMT architectures which (a) do not handle long-distance dependencies well, and (b) are underconstrained in that they allow too much flexibility in word reordering. In this tutorial, we will review the various possible approaches to tree-based SMT, ranging from the original Inversion Transduction Grammar (ITG) models to later models such as alignment templates, dependency models, treeto-string models, tree-to-tree models, and also probabilistic EBMT models. We will discuss the theoretical relationships between approaches, with critical analysis of their strengths and weaknesses. Within this framework we will survey the emerging comparative results from intriguing new large-scale empirical studies across various language pairs. We will consider what kind of constraints and biases can or should be imposed by models on the variation between unrelated human languages, and how this can facilitate efficient algorithms for a wide range of tasks in machine learning and processing of language. We will consider both scientific and engineering implications, and investigate the potential relationships to crosslanguage universals.


The integration of teaching and scientific research is the core and foundation of modern university education. Under the current performance evaluation mechanism of university quantitative evaluation, the university's "paying much more attention on researching other than teaching" education ideology is deeply ingrained. The teaching and scientific research shows obvious disadvantages such as segmentation, utilitarian, hollow, and superficial. This article attempts to start from the analysis of the mechanism of academic ability on teaching ability, and proposes a triple effect model of feedback, linkage and diffusion among them. It proposes the strategies to promote the teachers' teaching ability and integrated development of teaching and research on the basis of the core concept of "academic teaching".


Many software efforts estimation models and methods are invented to make efforts estimation accurate. Unfortunately no model or method is suitable for all kind of project and situations. it is frequently suggested that using experience data, estimation models and checklists can increase software effort estimation accuracy. However, there has been limited empirical research on the subject. It was found that in projects where experience data was utilized in the estimation process, they experienced a lesser magnitude of effort overruns. The use of a checklist also appeared to increase estimation accuracy. The utilization of an estimation model did not appear to have a substantial impact [08].This paper is suggesting that use of estimation model can also produce good estimation results, but historical data is always necessary to assist the estimation. We can use historical data to improve the result of Use Case Point and COCOMO model .In our research we have gain 10% improvement in Use case Point model with use of historical data. This paper is also suggesting that a strong monitoring policy is always required to make your estimation as a success.


Friedrich August Lueder's stance on statistics around 1810 is rather severe. It is less clear why the professor for history and statistics should have turned against a system of knowledge production that he himself taught at Göttingen for quite some time.2 Why did he reject statistics as a method of investigating the "strength" and the "happiness" of countries? German descriptive statistics is an auspicious case for any history of knowledge in transition. A short-lived discipline, it was practiced from 1750 to 1810.3 It presents the odd case of statistics before data. In these early days, solid numbers were not easy to come by. Words were favored over mathematics, although units and lists, sizes and scopes were increasingly integrated into the text. The statistical descriptions of diff erent countries, which appeared in great number, were much closer to a collection of historical facts, which could include numbers. As this article will show, descriptive statistics is a type of knowledge that could not be produced at universities alone. Scholars depended on voluntary associations, politicians, travelers, planters, the church, insurance and harbor records or on the emerging statistical bureaus of state governments.4 » but none of the countless short biographies gives any evidence that his 1812 Kritik der Statistik und Politik had anything to do with it. From 1817–1819 he was honorary professor at the University of Jena. See Emanuel Leser, "August Ferdinand Lueder," in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 19 (1884), 377–378 [online edition]; Friedrich Saalfeld, Johann Stephan Pütters Versuch einer Geschichte der Universität Göttingen von 1788– 1820, vol. 3, (Hannover, 1820) 122–124; Wilhelm Roscher, Geschichte der National-Oekonomik in Deutschland (Munich, 1874), 619–624.


The objective of this field study is to obtain a relationship between the measured near bed undertow current speed and the beach slope which will be compared with the mean flow velocity derived using linear wave theory by Dally (1980). The mass of water carried shoreward by the breaking waves in a surf zone will, in a two-dimensional situation, be compensated by a seaward return flow, the undertow. The undertow currents best develop in a two dimensional situation like in a laboratory wave-flume. To represent such a situation in the field two headland bays and a straight beach where waves approach almost normal to the shoreline were selected for the current measurement. The six sets of field data were used to compute time averaged normalized near bed undertow current speed. It was found that the data matches reasonably well with the theoretical relationship.


Analytically tractable statistical-physical models of man-made noise environments have been constructed [1]-[3]. These permit quantitative description of the various types of electromagnetic interference appearing in typical radio receivers and, in particular here, for the communication links employed in mobile transportation systems and urban environments generally. This paper presents a summary of some of the principal analytical results obtained to date [1], [4], and includes some suggested next steps for joint theoretical and experimental study of these increasingly important phenomena. First-order probability density functions (pdf's) and probability distributions (pd's) are obtained explicitly; (higher order pdf's and pd's may also be found by similar methods) [2]. These models are based on a Poisson distribution of sources in space. The approach is canonical, in that the results are, in form, independent of particular emitted waveforms, propagation conditions, source distributions, beam patterns, and specific system parameters, as long as the interference is narrow-band following (at least) the aperture and/or the RF stages of a typical receiver. Considered here only are the cases of communication interference, where source and receiver bandwidths are comparable. The paper concludes with a short discussion of some features of suggested future interaction between theory and experiment.


The 19th-century expansion of the American economy, and the emergence of the great 'robber barons', was founded in part upon the exploitation of labour and raw materials in neighbouring Mexico. In this engaging study of the Batopilas Mining Company, which conducted silver mining operations in the Copper Canyon region of Mexico's Sierra Madre Occidental between 1861 and 1910, historian John Hart endeavours to explore the impact of American mineral extraction efforts on the community of Batopilas. Hart utilises company records, selected secondary sources, and his own active imagination. The mining records provide ample insight into the entrepreneurial mindset of the capitalist founders of the BMC, John Robinson and his successor, Alexander 'Boss' Shepherd, but Hart is on shakier ground in his characterisations of the indigenous Raramuri people and his descriptions of the activities and emic experiences of the miners, labourers, and townsfolk. An overall lack of citation makes it diffi cult to discern the evidentiary basis for bursts of purple prose, as in the description of Robinson encountering (34) '. . . an infi nite number of sublime scenic displays . . . in the changing late afternoon sky, characterised by ever more vivid salmon and reddish colors, . . . seemingly endless lines of ever higher arêtes extending with darker shades of purple to the southern horizon . . . The view of the cliffs and sunset was awe inspiring'. Considering Robinson's willingness to blast those same hills in the search for silver, one could question whether he was so inspired by natural beauty. Hart's study succeeds in examining the attitudes and accomplishments of the two protagonists, Robinson and Shepherd. While Robinson endeavoured to accommodate local practices to ensure smooth running of his operations, Shepherd preferred aggressive paternalism, exploiting captured Yaqui labourers, encouraging debt peonage, and knowingly polluting local waters with arsenic, mercury, and lead. Hart has little sympathy for such practices, which culminated in a workers' revolt during the Mexican Revolution of 1910. From an archaeological perspective, the study is disappointing. Descriptions of technical processes are brief and not illustrated, and all imagery derives from library collections. Hart presumes absolute reliance on the Company store, but does not engage with material evidence. His descriptions of the Raramuri, while sympathetic, are derived from 19th-century descriptions and late 20th-century ethnography, implying a 'static' culture. His description of local women is one-dimensional and contradicts his own evidence for independent businesswomen (180): 'in Batopilas, whether as wives, daughters, or prostitutes, women played essential roles'. Given Hart's interest in the experiences of the 'exploited', he would have been well advised to seek alternative sources to explore 'subaltern' perspectives. As a nod to the built heritage of Batopilas, Hart concludes by advocating preservation of Shepherd's mansion (207): 'the ruins stand as a testament to the American who once ran things here, the Mexicans who worked for him and those who challenged inequity and dictatorial authority. It should be protected as a national monument'. Shepherd's house and the associated mining landscape of Batopilas possess more than symbolic value and could have contributed signifi cantly to Hart's study. Nevertheless, the book is an enjoyable read and an important contribution to the literature on the social impact of industrialisation.


ABSTRACT Organizational frameworks in Swedish schools have resulted in instrumentality and measurability. To literature studies, this has led to a focus on comprehension and proficiency at the expense of aesthetic aspects of fiction-reading. This study examines how teachers in Swedish upper secondary schools relate the aesthetic experience to literature studies. Data was collected using an online questionnaire, answered by 22 teachers. The findings suggest that participants are aware of and include the aesthetic aspects of fiction-reading, while at the same time prioritizing instrumental goals, such as language development and reading comprehension.


enough to allow most of the British species to be identified with certainty. This has made the group available for ecological studies and the present work has been concerned with some of the habitat preferences shown by the larvae. Biologists have long maintained that some stream animals are 'fast flow' specialists and others are 'slow flow' specialists. This is also the impression gained from a study of net-spinning caddis larvae, in which different species predominate in rapids and in pools. It has always been difficult to confirm that water velocity is the important factor because of the problems of measuring it in sites where the animals live. This difficulty has been partly overcome in the present study by the use of a new type of miniature water velocity meter. It has been possible to establish beyond question that high velocity and low velocity species can be distinguished in this group of caddis larvae. It has also been possible to interpret these limitations of distribution in terms of the specializations shown by the various species. Net-spinning caddis show another type of distribution pattern, one which entails a sequential replacement of species down the length of a stream. Such sequences are found in many groups of stream animals. In caddis the sequences appear to be unrelated to water velocity and a complete explanation for them cannot be offered at present.


Recognizing O'Connor's relevance as a political thinker, Political Scientist Alison Staudinger puts O'Connor in dialogue with Hannah Arendt in order to explore O'Connor's approach to fascism, a pressing subject in the author's Cold War context, as well as in our contemporary political moment. By engaging Arendt, Staudinger examines O'Connor's relationship with fascism on three levels—as the practice of the artist, as the worldview of some fictional characters, and as an approach to her personal friendships. Staudinger argues that while O'Connor sees the temptations of fascism, she finally rejects it as a totalizing denial of human plurality. Staudinger suggests that O'Connor falls short of depicting an earthly community that could accept this plurality, especially regarding racial equality; at the same time she points out that O'Connor's fiction demonstrates how it is the country's deep-seated racial hierarchy that makes it vulnerable to fascism.


High relationships between muscle strength and various forms of jumps are usually based on the research samples of professional athletes or students of sports and physical education. However such studies are less known in the case of recreational women. This study aimed to determine the relationship between isokinetic parameters of knee joint muscle strength with the efficiency of performing vertical jumps. The sample represents a group of 16 healthy and physically active women (age=31.04±3.71; height 168.13±8.34; weight 59.80±9.80). Knee extensors and flexors were evaluated by using an isokinetic dynamometer, while the two-foot vertical jump performance was measured using the Opto Jump System. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine correlation magnitude (p<.05). The obtained results indicated high correlations of the knee extension peak torque dominant leg (KEPT D), knee extension peak torque non-dominant leg (KEPT ND) and knee flexion peak torque non-dominant leg (KFPT ND) with counter movement jump free arms (CMJFA) (r=.525; r=.511; r=.594; p<.05). High correlations was also indicated between KFPT ND with counter movement jump (CMJ) (r=.514; p<.05). Given that these are recreational women, we can assume that the countermovement free arm jump type was the most natural form of expressing their explosive potential. It is certainly important that future studies further examine the relationships between muscle strength and performance of primary and specific motor tasks in recreational women.


This paper reviews non-probabilistic approaches of modelling uncertainty, particularly in flood forecasting and introduces a fuzzy set theory-based method for treating precipitation uncertainty in rainfall-runoff modelling, which allows the temporal and/or spatial disaggregation of precipitation. The results of the fuzzy set theory-based method are compared with the probabilistic approach using Monte Carlo method. This paper also discusses the hybrid approaches using propabilistic and possibilistic or fuzzy approaches jointly and their potential for modelling uncertainty. It also introduces the concept of the fuzzy-probabilistic risk in which the forecasts are probabilistic and the consequences are fuzzy. The latter concept can be used for flood warning decision-making.


This paper develops a portfolio choice theory in which the sequential order of decision makers is endogenously determined. We examine investors' choices of either purchasing current information concerning the return on an investment or waiting and later basing their investment on information inferred from the investment decisions of others. Because the quality of that inference increases in the number of investors who purchase information, those with the least to gain from such information--the less wealthy in our context--may find it advantageous to wait and invest later. Thus investors endogenously separate into leaders and followers. Further, the extent of such separation is shown to be related to the persistence in states of the world across time. Some implications of the model are tested using data on international lending by US banks for the 1982-1994 period. The empirical results support the main predictions of the model.


Precise manufacturing of an ultra miniature ceramic composite turbine impeller (O 20mm), which is a key component of a Belgian micro fuel-based power generation system, is finalized. The EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) process is optimized which not just preserves the surface integrity with a satisfied strength but also increases the dimensional and geometrical accuracy. Furthermore, with the help of a universal clamping device, a production chain is carefully designed to allow one-time clamping for all processes and reduce the systematic error. The grinding of the bearing-connected surfaces as a post-processing step after EDM of ceramic composite not just meets the requirements on accuracy but also elevates the material performances.


In May 1982, a dense community of ciliates of the Trachelocercidae family was found at the mid-depth of Lake Kaiike, where the bacterial population was also so dense that the water turned pinkish (bacterial plate). The maximum density of these ciliates, about 3×104 ind.·l-1, may be one of the highest densities ever found in natural unpolluted waters.


Secondary education in Ghana has experienced phenomenal expansion and changes in the last two decades (Foster, 1965; Greyham, 1971; Education Report, 1968-71). The number of schools has increased and the curriculum has also expanded. The general aims of secondary education in Ghana are to prepare students for employment and for continuing education. Specifically, the expansion of the last two decades was in response to the need for middle-level manpower for economic development and preparation of more qualified candidates for higher education in polytechnics, colleges and universities (Education Report, 1968-71). What occurs in practice is that many secondary school students consider the secondary school as a place to prepare for the professions and they, therefore, concentrate on preparation for higher education.


e13086Background: Pulmonary toxicities have significant impact on morbidity, mortality, drug dosing inconsistencies and financial burden among patients undergoing chemotherapy. Everolimus (E), an o...


Capital punishment is still exist as one of kind punishments in Indonesia. The existence of capital punishment is based on the Penal Code and other laws. On the other hand, however, according to Constitution 1945, MPR Decree Number XVII/MPR/1988 on Human Rights and Law Number 39 / 1999 on Human Rights, the right to live cannot be limited under any circumstances (non derogable). Capital punishment and the right to live as the right that cannot be limited under any circumstances (non derogable) are contradictive. This contradiction results a conflict of norm between legislations that legalize the existence of capital punishment and legislations that legalize the existence of the right to live.  Solutions should be resulted to solve the conflict of norms.


This is to certify that the thesis entitled "A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL ON THE INVESTMENT BEHAVIOUR OF MUTUAL FUND INVESTORS", being submitted by Sanjay Kumar Mishra to School of Business, College of Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra (J&K), for the award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, is a bonafide research work carried out by him under our supervision and guidance. The results obtained in this thesis have not been submitted to any other University or institute, either in part or in full, for the award of any other Degree or Diploma.


Although modern operating systems and architectures have already made it easy for programmers to hide the nanosecond and millisecond scale latency resulting from conventional memory and storage devices, there are very few software or hardware techniques that are effective in hiding the latency on microsecond level. Microsecond scale latency has become increasingly common in data centers and warehousescale computing environment. Inability to hide such latency leads to low resource utilization and performance degradation. Since the "killer-microsecond" problem gained widespread attention, a number of possible solutions have been proposed to hide microsecond scale latency, and enabling fast context switching is a noteworthy example. However, the conventional operating system managed context switching mechanism has significant overhead and is difficult to optimize, which gives us the motivation to find out the bottleneck of the context switch. In this study, we measured the cost of both the kernel-level and user-level context switch, and we compared them to show the differences. By analyzing the results in great length, we provide explanations about the components of the overhead and also the insight into the bottleneck of context switch.


What is the theatre's particular aptitude for the continuation of Hanif Kureishi's "arduous conversation," for what he calls in his Guardian article of July 19. 2005 "patriotism… that refuses the banality of taking either side"? In part (as we can see in the recent surge in "documentary theatre") it is the polyvocal quality of the drama that lends it its resistant strength, an ability to embody many different points of view with equal sincerity that sometimes yields a refreshing multivocality, or multiplicity of interpretation, and sometimes produces a powerfully didactic experience. More than this, it is the malleability of embodiment - the ability to mold and shift identity when inhabiting a character – that has made the theatre the site of so much postcolonial experimentation. This paper will examine the resonance of the metatheatrical trope of the rehearsal play for the postcolonial stage. This trope undergoes a transformation in the hands of playwrights like Timberlake Wertenbaker, Athol Fugard, John Kani, Winston Ntshona, and Derek Walcott as they address the particular role of the theatre in various postcolonial situations. Whereas the earlier tradition of the rehearsal play had taken the playwright's pretensions and powers as the center of its satirical project, this new, resistant rehearsal drama takes place in a world in which the playwright and the text have been radically decentered. It focuses instead on the processes through which the actor negotiates a fluid, nontextual character, processes that become metaphors for the negotiation of identity within and against the script of colonialism. The stage becomes a type for the prison, but also a means of escape. Again and again, the idea of professionalism, of fixity and finality, of performing for a judgmental, approbative audience, is displaced. The ethics of theatrical performance give way before those of rehearsal: spontaneity, mimicry, fluidity, ephemerality.


farmers, gardeners and landowners because they feed on large numbers of agricultural and garden pests. Insects such as cutworms and beetle grubs are eaten in large quantities by skunks. Occasionally, skunks take up residence in small town or suburban areas where choice den sites associated with ready food and water supplies are found. In most cases, problems caused by the presence of skunks are outweighed by their beneficial habits. As with most wild animals, if they are not molested, they will cause no harm. Unless skunks become really bothersome, they should be left alone.


<italic>Goal</italic>: The HF-CGM is a proof-of-principle study to investigate whether cardiogoniometry (CGM), a three-dimensional electrocardiographic method, can differentiate between pacing modes in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). <italic>Methods</italic>: At a tertiary cardiology center, CGM recordings were performed using four pacing modes: no pacing; right ventricular (RV) pacing; left ventricular (LV) pacing, and biventricular (BIV) pacing. Three orthogonal CGM planes orientated to the long axis (<italic>XY</italic>), the frontal plane (<italic>YZ</italic>), and the short axis (<italic>XZ</italic>) of the heart were constructed, and the direction of the QRS-axis was calculated for each pacing mode in each plane. During BIV pacing, the direction of CGM QRS-axis was compared between patients with optimal and nonoptimal 12-lead pacing variables. <italic>Results</italic>: Twenty-two participants (aged 71.5 ± 10.8; 77.3% male, LVEF 29 ± 7%) were consecutively recruited. Only QRS-axis measured in the <italic>XY</italic> plane could significantly distinguish between all three pacing modes versus no pacing. Mean QRS-axis in the <italic>XY</italic> plane with pacing off and during RV pacing was leftward and basal; LV pacing was apical; and BIV pacing was rightward and basal. There was a statistically significant difference in the direction of the QRS-axis between patients with optimal versus nonoptimal paced QRS morphology in the <italic>XY</italic> plane (rightward and basal versus inconsistent). <italic>Significance </italic>: CGM recorded in the <italic>XY</italic> plane can accurately detect differences between ventricular pacing sites. It may also be able to identify patients with a CRT device <italic>in situ</italic> who have optimal response.


Use of nitrogen fertilizer is thought to contribute significantly to the increase of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). While the current increase of fertilizer use is concentrated in tropical areas, nearly all studies of nitrogen oxide emissions have been conducted in agricultural systems in temperate areas. We measured N2O and NO fluxes from a fertilized banana plantation in the humid tropics of Costa Rica, where 360 kg N ha−1 yr−1 is applied. Using chamber techniques, we sampled an Andisol and an Inceptisol on a monthly basis. Twice on each soil type, we sampled intensively in time following fertilizer applications. There is a strong spatial and temporal dependence of nitrogen oxide emissions on place and time of fertilizer application. We find greater mean N2O and NO emissions from the Andisol (31.4 ng N2O-N cm−2 h−1 and 55.6 ng NO-N cm−2 h−1) than from the Inceptisol (9.3 ng N2O-N cm−2 h−1 and 41.1 ng NO-N cm−2 h−1) under the plants where fertilizer is typically applied. The percentages of applied fertilizer-N that are converted into nitrogen oxide ("yield") are between 1.26 and 2.91% for N2O and between 5.09 and 5.66% for NO depending on soil type. We consistently calculate higher nitrogen oxide yields based on intensive sampling versus monthly sampling. Temporal variation in nitrogen oxide emissions probably causes monthly sampling to underestimate mean annual fluxes. Our results suggest that in some tropical systems a higher percentage of applied nitrogen may be lost in gaseous form than in temperate agriculture. Current global estimates of N2O and NO sources from tropical agriculture are based on information from temperate areas and may cause an underestimate of the contribution of tropical agriculture to the budgets of these trace gases.


Thank you very much for downloading crossfire an argument rhetoric and reader. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this crossfire an argument rhetoric and reader, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious bugs inside their laptop. crossfire an argument rhetoric and reader is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the crossfire an argument rhetoric and reader is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This paper propses the use of a high-level distributed concurrent language for the implementation of reliable distributed sys- tems. By using the language, the basic com- ponents of a transaction kernel are described. This system is made up of a set of cooprating processes, according to the message-passing model, placed on the various hosts of the dislri- buted system. The interesting aspects of our approach,are presented in terms of modularity, concurrency, portabilily and reliability. They are bound to the use of a high-level concurrent language, in spite of the traditional approaches which are followed for the transaction kernels implemen- tat ion.


This paper aims to determine whether there is uniformity in the interpretation of the UNCLOS Article 121.3 and whether the Arbitral Award can be considered as a threat to it. The historical context and the ambitions of the involved parties are presented and analyzed. In addition, an analysis of the treatment of the island regime   in international case law is carried out, as well as an analysis of the Tribunal's interpretation of Article 121.3. The main finding is that there is no contestation regarding the uniformity its case law interpretation; but a necessary complement given the ambiguity of Article 121.3.


Russian actions towards its neighbours. The best leverage for shaping Russian behaviour, according to Simons, is global respect, esteem, and equality. When Russia acts badly, its reputation is damaged; when Russia acts as we desire, the best thing we can offer is praise before the nations. If we wish to foster peace and prosperity in Eurasia we must act "as if" Russia and the other Eurasian states are responsible, capable participants. If we approach them in this way, then we have to abandon or postpone any desire to change these societies to match our own. We can't have it both ways. William Reger, Illinois State University


A molecular dynamics simulation was applied to investigate the diffusion behavior and mechanical properties of a Fe/Cu solid–liquid interface with different orientations, temperatures, and strain rates. The results show that the displacement distance of Fe atoms' diffusion into the Cu matrix was obviously larger than that of Cu atoms' diffusion into the Fe matrix at any diffusion temperature and diffusion time. Moreover, the diffusion coefficient and diffusion distance both increase with temperature and time, and reach the highest value when the temperature and diffusion time are 1523 K and 3 ns, respectively. Additionally, the diffusion coefficients of the Fe atoms are arranged in the following order: Fe (100) < Fe (110) < Fe (111). The diffusion coefficients of the Cu atoms are arranged in the following order: Cu (110) > Cu (111) > Cu (100), when temperature and time are 1523 K and 3 ns, respectively. The yield strength and fracture strain of the bimetallic interface is positively correlated with the strain rate, but negatively correlated with the tensile temperature. Moreover, the yield strength of the three orientations can be arranged as follows: Fe (110)/Cu (110) > Fe (100)/Cu (100) > Fe (111)/Cu (111), and the yield strength and fracture strain of Fe (110)/Cu (110) diffusion interface are 12.1 GPa and 21% when the strain rate was 1 × 109/s and the tensile temperature was 300 K. The number of stacking faults and dislocations of the diffused Fe/Cu interface decreased significantly in comparison to the undiffused Fe/Cu interface, even in the length of Stair-rod dislocation and Shockley dislocation. All these results lead to a decrease in the tensile yield strength after interface diffusion.


Aim: this study aimed to analise the puerperals' understandment on breastfeeding e its caracteristics. Methood: descriptive study with quantitative aproach, which took place in the maternity school Assis Chateubriand between november of 2006 and january of 2007 with 252 puerperal interns. Results: most women were between the ages of 19 and 25 (48,8%), had gone to school for 8 years or more (59,5%), lived with theirs partners (75,8%) and were housewifes (73%). Most of them were going throught their first pregnancy (86,5%), went through seven or more pre-natal apointments (48,8%), prefered vaginal delivery (69,8%), believed that the best moment to iniciate breastfeeding is right after delivery (51,1%) and said had received information on breastfeeding (86,9%). Regarding their understandement on breastfeeding, they know that maternal diseases may impose it (31,7%), refered to liquid ingestion as a possible lactine prodution estimulate (51,1%) and pointed out that massages (26,2%) and milking (28,6%) ease the mamalian shrinkcage. Acknowledgements: many issues still need to be improoved to assure breastfeeding carries on until the recommended period and with success.


In this paper, we proposed a novel separated Y branch structure, the spacing area length and transverse displacement of the output branch can achieve low loss transmission.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of concurrent chemoradiotherapy on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods:The retrospective clinical data of 38 patients who were newly diagnosed and pathologically proven as NPC with Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa and treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy,were analyzed and matched with those of 38 patients who were simultaneously treated by radiotherapy.Results:No difference was noticed in the 3-year overall survival(OS),disease-free survival(DFS),relapse-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival rates between two groups(P0.05).For the patients with Stage T3-4N0-1M0,the 3-year OS and DFS in chemoradiotherapy group were higher than those of the radiotherapy group(93%,52% for OS and 86%,33% for DFS,P0.05).Conclusion:Our study fails to confirm any improvement on survival in patients with Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa NPC treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Nevertheless,the stratified analyses indicate that the concurrent chemoradiotherapy be-nefits DFS and OS of the patients with advanced T Stage(T3-4N0-1M0).


OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential gene expression related to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells. METHODS: The gene expression profile and the differential gene expression between EOC cell line (SKOV-3) and normal ovarian epithelial cells were studied by cDNA array including 384 neoplastic-related genes. RESULTS: Of 384 screened genes, 33 differentially expressed genes related to EOC cell line were found, and 22 genes were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: cDNA array is effective in screening candidate genes related to EOC.


Abstract Objective: It is known that social isolation process has an impact on individuals' eating behaviours. Continuing nutritional behaviour resulting from emotional eating, uncontrolled eating and cognitive restriction may turn into eating disorders in the future. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible effects of Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and social isolation process on individuals' nutritional behaviours and body weight changes. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Nutritional behaviours of the participants before the COVID-19 pandemic and in the social isolation process were evaluated with the Three Factor Nutrition Questionnaire. The changes in individuals' body weight during this period were also evaluated. Participants: A total of 1036 volunteer individuals (827 women, 209 men) aged 18 years and over participated in the study. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic and social isolation process, there was an increase in emotional eating and uncontrolled eating behaviours of individuals, but no significant change in cognitive restriction behaviour occurred (P = <0·00; P = <0·00 and P = 0·53, respectively). It was reported that the body weight of 35 % of the individuals who participated in the study increased during this period. Conclusion: Social isolation process practiced as a result of COVID-19 pandemic may lead to changes in some nutritional behaviours. Some precautions should be taken to prevent this situation that occurs in nutritional behaviours from causing negative health problems in the future.


Respiratory quotient of rats was studied under pentobarbital after hypothalamic operations at different ages and after fasting 18 to 24 hours. Only with fasting up to 24 hours did R.Q. change from around 0.80to 0.70 which was not affected inspite of a higher O2 consumption for the weanling rats, though of a different strain. The higher O2 consumption indicated a faster gaseous exchange for the young while wide variationin R.Q.'s probably resulted from varying degrees of nocturnal activity and food deprivation. Both factors tended to complement each other in lowering the R.Q. to 0.70 in approximately 24 hours. Analysis of the carcasses revealed the constancy of water with respect to nonfat body weight which was correlated with O2 consumption in ml and better still with heat production in calories per 100 gm non-fat body weight. The fact that non-fat body weight is oriented more with body water and heat prodcction is in line with findings blood volume, vital capacity etc. per unit essential body mass.


We consider partial sums Sn of a general class of stationary sequences of integer-valued random variables, and we provide sufficient conditions for Sn to satisfy a local limit theorem. To prove this result, we introduce a concept called the Bernoulli part. The amount of Bernoulli part in Sn determines the extent to which the density of Sn is relatively flat. If in addition Sn satisfies a global central limit theorem, the local limit theorem follows.

Nous considerons les sommes partielles, Sn, d'une classe generale de sequences stationnaires de variables aleatoires B valeurs entieres et nous fournissons des conditions suffisantes pour que Sn satisfasse a un theoreme limite local. Afin de demontrer ce resultat, nous presentons un concept nomme la composante Bernoulli. La quantite de composante Bernoulli dans Sn determine dans quelle mesure la densite de Sn est relativement plate. Si, de plus, Sn satisfait a un theoreme limite central global, le theoreme limite local ensuit.


where Ẇ is the space-time white noise, α ∈ (0, 2], β ∈ (0, 2), γ ≥ 0 and ν > 0, under the condition that 2(β + γ) − 1− dβ/α > 0. The case when β + γ ≤ 1 has been obtained in [8]. In this paper, we have removed this extra condition, which in particular includes all cases for β ∈ (0, 2). MSC 2010 subject classifications: Primary 60H15. Secondary 60G60, 35R60.


In this paper, a hierarchical anti-swing control scheme based on end effector is proposed for a two-dimensional overhead crane. The proposed control scheme consists of a passivity-based controller and a sliding mode controller. The passivity-based controller is used to suppress load swing and track virtual position, which will deduce desired crane acceleration. The sliding mode controller is used to control crane acceleration. The stability of the proposed closed-loop system is verified by using Lyapunov function and the LaSalle's invariance theorem. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is shown by simulation results. Specifically, the proposed controller guarantees accurate control of crane position and swift suppression of load swing.


THESIS: Biomechanical adjustments over time of an exhaustive run: comparison of compression tights and running shorts STUDENT: Barbara J. Schornstein DEGREE: Master of Science


A coherent differential circular polarization shift keying (DCPOLSK) scheme for free space optical (FSO) communications is proposed and analyzed. No polarization coordinate alignment is needed and the complexity is thus reduced. The unconditional bit error rate (BER) expression for DCPOLSK in a weak turbulence has been derived, and its performance is compared with the coherent amplitude shift keying (ASK) and the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) employing a single subcarrier. DCPOLSK scheme is highly insensitive to the phase noise of the phase lock loop (PLL) in contrast to the BPSK scheme. We also show that DCPOLSK requires ~ 3 dB lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in order to achieve the same BER in a weak turbulence environment compared to the ASK scheme.


Abstract. Efficient use of forage in grazing systems benefits from regularly quantifying forage. A rising plate meter has been the most accepted technology for non-destructively estimating forage yield but this approach is hard to integrate into an on-the-go measuring system and with GPS technology. Ultrasonic sensors emit a pulsed ultrasonic wave and determine the distance to an object based on the time it takes for the sound echo to return to the sensor. Initial work in Australia, Germany and Sweden has demonstrated potential for this approach for measuring forage yield. The ultrasonic sensor has the added benefit that it is compatible with GPS technology which will facilitate creation of on-the-go forage yield maps. In this preliminary study, a Senix TSPC-30S1 sensor emitting a pulse at 20 Hz was mounted on an all-terrain vehicle to measure forage height along with GPS position information. Results were compared with actual harvested dry weights. The technology was tested under a range of conditions in predominantly tall fescue hay at three harvest dates from May 2012 to November 2012. Initial results showed ultrasonic sensor readings were correlated with dry matter yield (r2=0.71). Ultrasonic sensor technology has potential to be an effective tool to non-destructively estimate on-the-go forage dry matter yield.


Abstract Attention is drawn to the similarity between auantum mechanics and finding the simplest explanation for the data from an array of sensors. In particular, comparison of the Durbin-Willshaw approach to solving the travelling salesman problem with the Feynman path integral for motion of a charged particie in a magnetic field suggests that quantum mechanics might be of practical use both for integrating multiple measurements and for solving non-polynomial (NP)-complete problems.


The last two decades have seen a surge in kinetic and macroscopic models derived to investigate the multi-scale aspects of self-organised biological aggregations. Because the individual-level details incorporated into the kinetic models (e.g., individual speeds and turning rates) make them somewhat difficult to investigate, one is interested in transforming these models into simpler macroscopic models, by using various scaling techniques that are imposed by the biological assumptions of the models. Here, we consider three scaling approaches (parabolic, hydrodynamic and grazing collision limits) that can be used to reduce a class of non-local 1D and 2D models for biological aggregations to simpler models existent in the literature. Next, we investigate how some of the spatio-temporal patterns exhibited by the original kinetic models are preserved via these scalings. To this end, we focus on the parabolic scaling for non-local 1D models and apply asymptotic preserving numerical methods, which allow us to analyse changes in the patterns as the scaling coefficient $\epsilon$ is varied from $\epsilon=1$ (for 1D transport models) to $\epsilon=0$ (for 1D parabolic models). We show that some patterns (describing stationary aggregations) are preserved in the limit $\epsilon\to 0$, while other patterns (describing moving aggregations) are lost in this limit. To understand the loss of these patterns, we construct bifurcation diagrams.


The article describes the results of the survey of students' motivation typology using the Gorchakov model. The survey covered the students of five courses of a specialty "Information systems andtechnologies". The work shows the percentage distribution of the types of students' motivation, presents the correlation analysis, and also describes the influence of the type of motivation on the average score. This research was carried out before the implementation of the index-rating estimation system and material stimulation for students for the purpose to estimate the influence of the system on the changes in students' motivation.


The concentrations of Pb in five species of plants were found to increase with proximity of the sampling sites to a well-travelled highway.The Pb content of oats and alfalfa grown in four soils pretreated with PbCl2 in pot tests varied inversely with the organic matter content and pH of the soils. The amounts of Pb taken up by the plants were reduced upon addition of phosphate or of lime to the acid soils. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of organic matter, phosphate and lime in reducing Pb in the plants were usually in accord with corresponding reductions in extractable Pb in the soils as measured in 1 N neutral ammonium acetate and 0.1 M CaCl2.


This article discusses actual gas by means of statistical thermodynamics and draws two conclusions:(1)In actual application there will be some gas which meets pV=nRT relatively,but don't meet U=(T).(2)The gas which meets the ideal gas equation absolutely will be bound to meet Joule's law.


The administration, a part of which is police, passes diverse legal acts. A prominent place among these belongs to material acts, which include administrative actions and administrative measures. It should be noted that the issues related to administrative measures have not been properly addressed so far in expert legal literature. This paper therefore presents an attempt to provide additional information about the very concept of administrative measures in legal theory and existing legislation, focusing on police measures taken to protect public order.


The intensity of spinning approximate ellipsoidal heads is analyzed and compared with that of standard ellipsoidal heads. The comparison shows that spinning approximate ellipsoidal heads are not comparable to standard ellipsoidal heads and can not be substituted.


By the late 1980s communism had begun to crumble in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Yet today, the fate of communism throughout the world is far from certain. As former communist nations continue to undergo dramatic change in the 1990s, it is becoming apparent that the road away from communism is not a smooth path from Marxism to capitalism but one that may lead to different and quite unexpected destinations. Dismantling Communism takes a close look at the long-term forces of change and reform in communist countries. Stepping back from the optimists' giddy proclamations of Cold War "victory" as well as from the pessimists' warning that communism could rise again, the book presents two comparative approaches to analyzing the transformation of communism. The first approach is regional, stressing the commonalities and differences that exist among communist nations and states in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, China, and Asia. Other chapters use a topical approach to explore the causes and pattern of transformation. Dismantling Communism is a timely look at the dizzying events that are reshaping the modern world. Its authors, experts on communism from a variety of fields and disciplines, provide insightful analysis and reasoned judgments. Their aim is not to predict the outcome of the transformation of communism throughout the world, but to suggest the significance reform will have in remaking the world community of the twenty-first century.


Energy contributions of proton beams to the chromospheric region of a solar flare are determined by the spectropolarimetry technique under the assumption of an impact character of the observed H{sub {alpha}} hydrogen line emission. 10 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.


This paper presents the boundary–layer parameterisation model which is applied as a meteorological pre–processor by Finnish regulatory dispersion models. The parameterisation scheme is based on the energy–flux method, which evaluates the turbulent heat and momentum fluxes in the boundary layer. We have compared the model predictions with those of the corresponding scheme of Berkowicz and Prahm, using the same synoptic input data. The comparison shows the basic physical differences between these two models. Some numerical results from these two pre–processors differ substantially, while the results for net radiation are statistically nearly identical.


The effects of date of weaning, weaning live weight, autumn grazing management and level and pattern of winter nutrition in relation to summer grazing on the live-weight gain of farmed red deer calves to 16 months of age were tested in three experiments. In experiment 1, the effect of two weaning live weights (37 and 46 kg) in September and two levels of autumn and winter nutrition were examined with 48 calves. In October, live-weight gains were positively related to sward height and herbage mass. The calves lost live weight in November. Compensatory live-weight gains of 28 g/day occurred at summer pasture after the low level of winter nutrition. Weaning live weight had a major influence on live weight at 16 months of age. In experiment 2, the effects of maintenance, ad libitum and intermediate treatments were compared using 50 calves given a complete diet in winter. The intermediate treatment consisted of a maintenance followed by an ad libitum level of feeding. Compensatory live-weight gains of 49 g/day occurred at pasture with the intermediate treatment achieving complete live-weight compensation at 16 months of age. In experiment 3, the effect of two weaning dates (19 September and 14 November) on live-weight gain of calves and on the date of subsequent calving of hinds were compared with 34 lactating hinds. There was no difference in live-weight gain of calves between weaning dates but the subsequent calving date was delayed by 8 days from those hinds weaning in November. A management system is advocated with weaning in September, housing in November after grazing sown swards greater than 6 cm, a pattern of a low followed by a high level of nutrition in winter and the summer grazing of sown swards maintained at 4 to 6 cm.


Measuring the suppressibility of the thyroidal radioiodine uptake during the administration of some form of thyroid hormone is a well-established method of distinguishing between a thyrotoxic and a euthyroid radioiodine thyroidal uptake in doubtful cases (Werner et al., 1952; Morgans et al., 1952; Greer and Smith, 1954; Spencer et al., 1958). The degree of suppression of the thyroidal clearance rate during the administration of either thyroxine or triiodothyronine (T3) has also been assessed in an Australian population (Oddie et al., 1960a; Hales et al., 1961), where the dietary intake of iodide is lower than that generally obtaining in Great Britain or the United States. Calcium acetylsalicylate also reduces thyroidal radioiodine uptake in euthyroid subjects (Austen et al., 1958), but fails to reduce appreciably the uptake in hyperthyroid patients (Myhill and Hales, 1963). Thyroid suppressibilities during T3 and calcium acetylsalicylate administration are here compared. (min.-') on T3 was greater than the fall on calcium acetylsalicylate. The mean difference in the fall was 1.09, which is significant at the 5% level. T3 is thus the superior suppressing agent for euthyroid subjects. Eight hyperthyroid patients were measured on calcium acetylsalicylate, with a mean ratio close to unity; the previously reported results for patients assessed on T3 gave a similar mean ratio. Five hyperthyroid patients were also assessed on both calcium acetylsalicylate and T3. On the administration of T3 all the five clearance rates rose slightly, whereas only one rose on calcium acetylsalicylate, the rest falling. The mean difference between the two sets of results was 2.58 x 10-3 min.-', which is significant at the 5% level. This is evidence that calcium acetylsalicylate may cause a slight fall in the thyroidal clearance rate in hyperthyroid patients, whereas T3 causes a lesser fall or a rise.


The authors conducted the content analysis of the news release of the 1 Channel content devoted to the coverage of the November 4 and November 7 events from 2005 to 2013. The results of the research is the statistical analysis of thematic content. The authors analysed the meaningful discourse and semantic newscasts. Media constructs the ''falshstrukt'' regarding the November 4 and November 7 coverage, which have a significant meaning in terns of the social memory. ''Falshstrukt'' is the image of the past, artificially generated and based on the realities and goals of today. The process of formation of the ''falshstrukts'' are shown in the article, following the examples of holiday events taking place on November 4 and November 7.


Introduction: The New Schoolhouse Education, Ideology, and Work The Policies, Politics, and Philosophies of Literacy Education Justifying the Education Strategy: Learning and Legitimacy Learning to be Literate at Work: Rhetoric and Reality Learning to be Literate at Work: The Impact on Organization and Individuals "No Guarantees"--Literacy, Responsibility, and Employability Managers, Power, and Education: Contradictions of Location Literacy, Managers, and Belief: Engaging the Contradictions Index Bibliography


Infrared diode laser absorption spectra of the 7h-6g and 7i-6h systems of H2 have been measured in a low pressure a.c. discharge in H2. Line positions of the ro-vibrational structure of both systems have been calculated to experimental precision in many cases using the long-range multipole-polarization model of high l Rydberg states.


Objective: Evaluate optimal ranges of 6MWD for inclusion in ambulatory DMD trials.
Background: 6MWD is a validated clinical outcome for ambulatory DMD studies and the primary endpoint in trials of ataluren, drisapersen, tadalafil, and eteplirsen. Decline in 6MWD is predictive of disease progression, time to loss of ambulation, and subsequent onset of disease milestones. Over time, there has been an effort to tighten 6MWT inclusion criteria, thereby excluding ambulatory patients with near-normal walking ability and those with severely impaired ambulation.
Design/Methods: Recent DMD studies were reviewed to determine how the 6MWT has evolved as a sensitive clinical endpoint.
Results: 6MWT inclusion criteria for DMD clinical trials have evolved since 2008 from the original criteria of 75m with no ceiling value for the first two trials which used the 6MWT as a clinical endpoint. These baseline 6MWT criteria have narrowed to a floor value as high as 300m for the eteplirsen open-label Phase 3 study (Sarepta 4658-301 initiated 2015) and ceiling values as low as 400m in the tadalafil Phase 3 trial (Eli Lilly H6D-MC-LVJJ initiated 2013). The Phase 3 ataluren study (ACT DMD; initiated 2013) included patients with a baseline ≥150m and <80[percnt] predicted, with a pre-specified subgroup of 300-400m baseline. In the ACT DMD study, the benefit of ataluren over placebo observed in the overall population (48-week difference=15m; p=0.213) was enhanced in the pre-specified 300-400m subgroup (47m; p=0.007). Sensitivity analyses confirmed an ataluren effect with 6MWD ≥250 to <400m (29.5m; p=0.035); ≥200 to <400m (26.6m; p=0.0501); and ≥300 to <450m (24.4m; p=0.0504).
Conclusions: When evaluating drugs expected to slow progression in DMD, narrower 6MWD ranges are being used as inclusion criteria. For ataluren, a pre-specified range of 300-400m demonstrated the greatest treatment effect. Meaningful effects were seen with 6MWD from 200-450m.
Supported By: PTC Therapeutics Inc. Disclosure: Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sweeney has received personal compensation for activities with PTC Therapeutics as a consultant. Dr. Luo has received personal compensation for activities with PTC Therapeutics as an employee. Dr. Elfring has received personal compensation for activities with PTC Therapeutics as an employee. Dr. Kroger has received personal compensation for activities with PTC Therapeutics, Inc. as an employee. Dr. Riebling has received personal compensation for activities with PTC Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Ong has received personal compensation for activities with a pharmaceutical company as an employee. Dr. Spiegel has received personal compensation from PTC Therapeutics. Dr. Peltz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mercuri has nothing to disclose.


The aim of this study is a verification of possibilities for introducing budding yeast cells as a microreactor into biofuel cells. The investigation includes optimization of conditions for high efficiency utilization of in vivo produced electrons within the main biochemical pathways, which naturally cover the energy needs of the living cells. We trace out the three stages of cellular respiration - glycolysis, citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells, aspiring to shuttle the electrons between the biological system and the fuel cell anode by using appropriate mediator. The challenge is to use the biological energy from subcellular level. We modulate the biofuel cell/cell suspension elements in such manner that the mediator could capture the electrons from the biological electron transport chains and transfer them subsequently through the double mitochondrial membrane and outer membrane of intact cells and/or from cytosol under anaerobic conditions and finally, to the electrode, where they are transmuted into electricity.


The paper studies the scholars' literature,national literature and job requirement of shipping enterprises,aiming to explore the competence model of shipping enterprise human resources management personnel,and provides the reference for the concrete function of human resources management.


The article is devoted to problematic issues of judicial practice in Ukraine, related to the consideration of civil cases on reducing the amount of maintenance in the context of defining this category of cases as minor. Attention is drawn to the fact that according to the current Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, the cases of recovery of maintenance, increasing its amount, payment of additional costs for the child, collection of penalties for late payment, indexation of maintenance, changing the method of collecting the maintenance payments are considered minor unless they are related to establishment or contestation of paternity (maternity) (paragraph 3 of Part 6 of Article 19 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine). However, in this norm, there is no legislative instruction to refer reduction of maintenance to the category of minor lawsuits, which, taking into account the number of such cases that can be reviewed in cassation, is viewed as a legislator's fault.


The present invention relates to a surgical thread and an apparatus for inserting a surgical thread and, more specifically, to a surgical thread compensating for the drawbacks of an existing protrusion thread, and integrating the strengths of a mono thread, to minimize side effects and pain and maximize therapeutic effects, and an apparatus for inserting a surgical thread. Provided is the surgical thread according to an embodiment of the present invention. The surgical thread comprises: a protrusion thread part having multiple protrusion part on the surface; and a mono thread part combined with at least one end of both ends of the protrusion part, wherein each protrusion part has a pair of cutting grooves recessed inside from the surface of the protrusion thread part arranged in a certain interval.


A distributed sensor array network consisting of sub-arrays with arbitrary locations and rotation angles placed on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms is studied, where narrowband electro-magnetic waves are sent out by a transmitter, and the echo signals reflected from the targets are then received by the distributed UAV system. Based on this model, a joint reference signal based beamformer is proposed, leading to improved performance by exploiting the collected information across different sub-arrays simultaneously. Simulation results show that this novel beamformer is capable of extracting the signals of interest while suppressing interfering signals, and a lower mean square error (MSE) and higher output signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) are achieved compared with a regular reference signal based beamformer performed using a single sub-array.


Objective To investigate the expression of survivin, caspase-3 and p21WAF1 proteins in colorectal carcinoma and their relationship between their expression and clinical pathology parameter, and correlation between expression of survivin protein and caspase-3, p21WAF1 protein expression respectively. Methods SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect expressions of survivin, caspase-3 and p21WAF1 proteins in 15 normal colorectal mucosa and 62 colorectal carcinoma. Results Colorectal carcinoma compared with normal colorectal mucosa, there was significant differences of survivin, caspase-3 and p21WAF1 protein expression (P0.05).No correlation was observed between survivin, caspase-3 protein expression and lymph node metastasis (P0.05), but survivin, caspase-3 protein expression were both correlated with cell differentiation degree (P0.05). Positive rates of survivin protein was 44.44%(16/36) in A and B of Dukes phase, which lower than positive rates (73.08%) of survivin protein in C and D of Dukes phase(P0.05). No correlation was observed between caspase-3 protein expression and Dukes phase (P0.05). There was significant differences between p21WAF1 protein expression and cell differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, Dukes phase (P0.05).A highly negative correlation was present between survivin and caspase-3, p21WAF1 protein expression respectively(P0.01). Conclusion survivin, caspase-3 and p21WAF1 genes may be an important role to formation and progression of colorectal carcinoma. It is rarely reported on relationship between p21WAF1 gene and the malignant progression of colorectal carcinoma.


The major constituent of our body is filled with liquid fluid and it is a very essential requirement and needs to be fulfilled. In modern life there are different kinds of soft drinks available in market such as carbonated drinks, juices, milk products and fruit drinks. This study will help the company to get extensive knowledge about the consumer's perception about the aerated drinks and can thus plan out their strategies to influence the customer perception. Aerated drinks segment include all carbonized drinks such as Coca Cola, Pepsi, Sprite, Thumsup etc. The study makes an attempt to understand people's preference related to drinks. For this research demographic variables have been considered. An in-depth analysis has been made to find out the buying pattern across different age group, income level, and employment. It further attempts to find out the consumers spending on the aerated drinks, their buying behaviour, and frequency of purchase. Analysis relating to factors like advertisement, packing, taste, and price has been studied too. Data has been analysis with the help of analytical tools which has helped us to establish relationship with variables. It has also revealed strong relations between the perceived value of consumers and their consumption pattern.


In the paradigm of modern architecture constantly demanding for a change, Alberto Compo Baeza, a spanish architect, concentrates on the essence of architecture, and is consistent in expressing his own philosophy. This study aims at exploring the essential meanings of architecture that he pursues. To be specific, it verifies the concepts of light and gravity as key themes and tools in realizing his architectural world. Further, it analyzes how the idea of architectural spaces existing for spiritual values and human beings is expressed in the works during the golden days of his activities. In the first part of analysis, the concepts of "Control of Gravity" and "Manipulation of Light", which are considered as the core methods in his architecture, are examined by reviewing his works for each type of spacial expression. In the second part, the essence of his architecture is defined. In order to do this, the real meaning of the architecture that he pursues is understood, and the method of his expression that can be summarized as control and precision is derived. It is concluded that the essential nature of Compo Baeza"s architecture is to construct a space satisfying aesthetic satisfaction of human being by way of 'Light & Gravity' and history of architecture.


On 1.1.2021, the new Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, adopted on 28.05.2020, came into force. This is a major step on the way towards a unified civil code, which goes back to the beginning of the 20th century. Thanks to the expertise of renowned German and Chinese authors, this volume covers a selection of new regulations of the special section of the Chinese civil code comparing it to the German legal system. At the same time, this volume is also a product of the good German-Chinese academic relationship.

With contributions by
Prof. Dr. Martina Benecke; Ass.-Prof. Dr. Ruyi Du, LL.M.; Dr. Carmen Freyler; Prof. Dr. Beate Gsell; Prof. Dr. Michael Kort; Dr. Weiwei Lei; Prof. Dr. Hao Li; Dr. Yungyang Li, LL.M.; Prof. Dr. Zhiyang Liu, LL.M.; Prof. Dr. Thomas M.J. Möllers; Prof. Dr. Keping Ran; Dr. Dorothee Schulze; Prof. Dr. Reiner Schulze; Dr. Liuhua Shen, LL.M.; Matthias Veicht; Prof. Dr. Peter A. Windel; Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wurmnest; Prof. Dr. Tong Zhang, LL.M.; ao. Prof. Dr. Lijun Zhu; Prof. Dr. Xiaofeng Zhu and Prof. Dr. Xiaozhe Zhu.


Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a small vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis, which often needs to be distinguished from urticaria and other dermatoses. Treatment of UV in children is challenging because of the unsatisfying efficacy of antihistamines and the safety concern of long-term systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. As a classical biological agent widely used in chronic spontaneous urticaria, omalizumab might also be a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of UV children. This report presented four children, aged 4-6yrs, with glucocorticoid-unresponsive UV successfully treated by omalizumab, which provides evidence of omalizumab treatment of UV with good efficacy and tolerance in the pediatric population.


Background/Introduction: Field hospitals present an attractive solution for Emergency Medical Teams due to their portability and ease of assembly, yet are generally designed to be temporary, often leading to a gap until permanent facilities are restored after a sudden-onset disaster. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to understand the duration of field hospitals deployed to the 2010 Haiti Earthquake, identify the time taken to re-open permanent facilities, and propose approaches to better address this gap. Method/Description: Following a review of field hospital typologies and standards, a comparative study was conducted of five key field hospitals deployed to Haiti. Quantitative data from in-house reports, limited available studies, and mapping exercises were complemented with qualitative findings through interviews with key personnel. Additional data were collected for another 21 field hospitals, confirming the rough duration of 26 of the total 44 field hospitals deployed for Haiti. This was compared against information available on the re-opening of major permanent health care facilities. Results/Outcomes: The results indicated most field hospitals were decommissioned after two-to-six months. Some semi-permanent facilities opened in their wake, but not until 18-24 months. Permanent facilities started re-opening after approximately four years, however the main 500 bed hospital did not fully re-open until almost 10 years after the disaster. Conclusion: Provision of more durable, semi-permanent structures during early relief stages could better capture the initial funding impulse as well as reduce the gap of bed numbers as field hospitals reach the limit of their viable lifespan, lasting until more permanent facilities are re-opened often many years later. Tables and Figures (optional)


Abstract Emerging out of Web 2.0 there have been almost breath-taking technological advances in the geospatial web spurred on by developments in neogeography and the inter-connectivity provided by published open-source application programming interfaces. In addition, the greater availability of location-intelligent devices, social media technologies and the advent of volunteered geographic information promises to further revolutionize traditionally conceived geospatial technologies and empower a world of spatially aware citizen sensors. Together, these new Web 2.0 geospatial platforms and citizen-generated geotagged media pose significant opportunities and challenges to the traditional geospatial framework of GIS and standards-based spatial databases, and to archaeology. The new Web 2.0 geospatial capabilities enable communities of stakeholders and interest groups to contribute, participate, and draw upon spatial data and mapping services formerly in the domain of expert geospatial and archaeological communities.


57 ABSTRACT The halogen and organic substances content of the catalyst residues in alpha-olefin crystalline (co)-polym ers prepared with catalysts obtained by reacting: (a) a metallorganic Al compound with (b) a Ti compound supported on a Mghalide, in which an electron-donor is combined with the Ticompound and/or the Mg compound and optionally with (a), are reduced by passing a stream of superheated steam (optionally mixed with other gaseous fluids) over the polymer in powder form at a temperature of 105-140' C. and under a pressure of 0.1-10 kg/cm2 gauge, the steam/polymer ratio being comprised between 0.10 and 1 by weight.


Abstract : Painted RFC-material has been tested by extremely high electrostatic charging. Charge densities reached some hundreds of nanocoulombs per square centimeter on thin surface layers. The resulting high field strength in the dielectric leads to an electric breakdown with or without mechanical damage depending on material thickness and the conductivity of any grounded layer next to the surface. The time-dependent development of the entire local charge distribution was monitored by a computer-controlled measuring system. In any case, there was little influence of a damaged point on the discharging or recharging process. (Author)


The effect of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-protein on the structural parameters of the model lipid membrane on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) systems with cholesterol and melatonin impurities was studied by the method of small angle neutron scattering. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of melatonin in the lipid membrane leads to a decrease in the thickness of the lipid bilayer, and an increase in the concentration of cholesterol leads to an increase in it. It has been suggested that increasing the concentration of melatonin in the membrane prevents the interaction of coronaviral S-protein with the lipid membrane of the cell. In the presence of cholesterol impurities in the system, the interaction of the lipid membrane with the active part of the S-protein occurs depending on the phase state of the lipid. Thus, when the lipid is in the gel phase (at 10 ° C), the active part of the S-protein does not change the structural parameters of the lipid bilayer, i.e. the interaction between the lipid membrane and the active part of the S-protein does not occur. At 37 ° C, when the lipid is in the liquid crystalline phase, the addition of RBD SARS-CoV-2 in the system DMPC / 30% Cholesterol / D2O leads to a decrease in membrane thickness, indicating the interaction of S-protein with the membrane.


The main goal of the article is to find the factors that can have an impact on our national currency. Crisis of 2014 has affected the ruble, which led to a sharp fall. In order to understand whether this is unexpected phenomenon or a certain regularity, we should consider the shift in trends, including referring to past events. Also there are the conditions that have been observed in the Russian economy in 1998 and 2008, described in detail the reasons that could affect the ruble. Such a careful approach allows to assume what the ruble will be in the future. The article summarizes the views of leading analysts and recognized experts as to how the course will be in 2018.


EDITOR,—The finding by the General Medical Council's professional conduct committee that the anaesthetist in the case discussed by John Mitchell and others was guilty of serious professional misconduct raises serious issues.1 The merits or otherwise of the finding are one thing; more serious is the fact that the committee seemed to conclude that, in inserting a suppository without specific consent, the doctor …


Based on the religious connotation of market quality,the authors make systemic analysis on the Shanghai securities market qualityand draw the conclusion that Shanghai securities market possess the market charters of high transparency,weak efficiency and perfect liquidity to small amount dealing.Aiming at disfigurement of Shanghai securities market as high fluctuation and deficient liquidity to large amount dealing,the author suggest to enhance market quality in the round by establishing short sales mechanism, staple trade mechanism as well as mixture driven trading mechanism based on rivalrous market makers.