We propose a new approach based on estimating illumination veil. The algorithm for non-uniform illumination of fog image has a good result. Given a degraded image, minimum intensity of RGB components of each point can be figured out as haze energy veil with the proposed guided filter, subtracting the hazy energy veil form the hazy image, then maximum intensity of residual RGB components of each point can calculated and filtered as the scene illumination veil. Consequently, the RGB reflectance of each point can be obtained from the illumination/reflection imaging model. The proposed approach can dehaze images and enhance contrast simultaneously, and the global atmospheric light does not need to be calculated to avoid the risk of estimation errors. The proposed algorithm can also be applied to eliminating the scene illumination. Experiment results on a variety of outdoor hazy images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves good restoration in terms of visibility and color fidelity. Keywords-Single image dehazing; dark channel prior; scene illumination; illumination veil; guided filter


In this paper I consider some of the tensions and problems that can arise, and that need to be addressed, in attempting to undertake research with hard to reach groups of 'subjects'. In terms of my research this specifically relates to studies undertaken families that include children on the autism spectrum (including the children on the spectrum themselves) as well as children with multiple disabilities and visual impairment (MDVI). I begin by summarising my work experience and how this has shaped my research interests before moving on to discuss studies I have undertaken with the 'hard to research'. I outline the research studies and the process of the studies before moving on to look at the issues arising. Finally I identify seven key factors regarding this type of research.


Measurement is essential to any quality improvement effort. However, most organizations that have initiated measurement programs have been dissatisfied with the results. Why is this the case, and how can IS managers ensure the success of a measurement program?


Although the clinical outcomes of patients with TP53‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are dismal, subsets of patients eligible for curative‐intent therapies may fare better. Because racial disparities are known to affect outcome in hematologic malignancies, the authors sought to explore disparities among patients with TP53‐mutated AML.


The invention discloses an oil soaked transformer fault diagnosis method, including the following steps: a sample is firstly obtained, and the concentration data of five gases in the sample is in normalized treatment, so that a training sample set and a test sample set are formed; the number of elementary kernel functions and the parameters of each basis kernel are determined, and the optimal punitive parameters are determined by using the method of cross validation; according to the optimal punitive parameters, corresponding disaggregated model is obtained by using training sample and multi-classification multi-kernel learning method; and the disaggregated model after trained is used for carrying out fault diagnosis of the sample to be tested in verification centralization. The invention can guarantee very high accuracy rate of diagnosis, and has very good practicability and generalization.


The impact of modulation instability on system Q over non-zero dispersion shifted fibre with positive dispersion is demonstrated experimentally and that its effect can be mitigated using dispersion compensation.


What does it mean to be kind, and why is it so important? Kindness is any action that you perform that's not designed just to help yourself, but to improve the well-being of somebody else. That can include acts of cooperation where two people mutually benefit, like working on a project together.


omen make up more than 16.5 percent of the active-duty force and serve in all military occupations. Therefore, their health and well-being are critical to overall force readiness. Given the importance of service women's health and well-being, the 2016 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) required the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to provide service women access to comprehensive family planning and counseling services, including at health care visits before and during deployment and annual physical exams. The 2017 NDAA required DoD to conduct a survey of service members' experiences with family planning services and counseling. As a result of these mandates, in 2018 the Defense Health Agency asked the RAND Corporation to conduct a survey on select aspects of the health of active-duty service women (ADSW) to help determine whether their reproductive health needs were being addressed. To address this request, RAND developed the Women's Reproductive Health Survey (WRHS) of ADSW. The WRHS represents the first DoD-wide survey of only women since 1998. The only requirements in terms of survey content were topics identified in the 2016 and 2017 NDAAs (e.g., access to contraceptive counseling and family-planning methods, experiences with use of contraceptives, and availability of preferred methods); the research team identified other related items to also include in the survey. Findings summarized here focus on


A growing gap exists between the growth of traffic at the one hand and the upkeep and extension of the infrastructure at the other hand. We need new modes of financing, if the government is neither able nor ready to finance the existing and new infrastructure. These new assignments of financial responsibility are necessary but the ongoing public responsibility for planning the infrastructure is irrefutable. The responsibility for an overall efficient level of infrastructure is a public good––not expected to be financed to an efficient level by voluntary contributions. Additionally markets can only be used to finance projects for which the overall costs do not exceed the expected total willingness to pay. In such cases a system change from the budget based financing to a user based financing is the more efficient and societal acceptable institutional arrangement to preserve the quality of the traffic infrastructure. In all other cases even financing infrastructure remains due to the


Honeysuckle was digested in a microwave digestion system and based on the method corrected by deuterium light background.HNO3 was used in the direct FAAS determination of Fe Zn Cu and Mn in the same sample solution of Honeysuckle.Optimum conditions for the determination were studied thoroughly.Under the optimum conditions,the detection limits were found to be 0.0047 μg/mL for iron,0.0032 μg/mL for zinc,0.0052 μg/mL for copper and 0.0028 μg/mL for manganese.RSDs of the method were in the range of 1.5%~3.2%,and recoveries in the range of 96.4%~103.4%.The method was applied in the determination of dram amounts of Fe Zn Cu and Mn in Honeysuckle samples with satisfactory results.


frequency, reduced tampon usage or failure to recognise the syndrome. Non-menstrual cases account for about 13 per cent of those reported in the USA[2,4]. The mean age for menstrual TSS is 22.6 years, 65 per cent of diagnoses being made in women under 25 years, although only 45 per cent of tampon users are in this age group. Nonmenstrual TSS patients tend to be slightly older, reflecting the greater age distribution of post-partum and postsurgical cases. Racial differences have been recognised in the USA, 96 per cent of menstrual cases occurring in whites, who represent 83 per cent of tampon users[5].


In the three-parameter ellipsometry (TPE), also known as reflectance-ellipsometry, the ellipsometric measurements, , are combined with the reflectometric measurement, R, to determine the optical parameters and the thickness of a light-absorbing thin film. The constant and R surfaces are analyzed graphically to understand the nature of the TPE solutions. A sensitivityanalysis is shown to be useful not only for identifying the film properties which affect most the TPE measurements, but also for estimating errors in film properties arising from the uncertainties in measurements.


Urban neighborhood-based organizations have long played an important role in mobilizing resources and resident participation to revitalize communities. Today, these organizations seek information about environmental hazards and assets that affect the health and quality of life of residents as part of the revitalization efforts. University students and faculty can contribute to these community development activities if they become cognizant of the neighborhood's needs and challenges. This paper describes the use of a service learning framework to guide faculty and students who engage in community development activities and capacity-building in the community. The paper presents a case study that describes several projects focused on access to and use of environmental information for environmental problem-solving in a Cleveland neighborhood. Guiding principles, design, implementation challenges, and lessons learned from the projects are described.


The next generation dual-phase (liquid/gas) xenon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) Dark Matter detectors will require a total mass of LXe on the multi-tonne scale to reach the desired sensitivity to WIMP-nucleon interactions. One natural and effective way to increase the target mass is to build a TPC with larger cross-sectional area and longer drift distance. Construction and operation of such a detector leads to many new issues and technological challenges which need to be addressed. One example is that the cooling system has to to be efficient and reliable to handle the large volume of Xe gas which has to be continuously purified to reduce signal loss over time. Another major challenge for a tonne-scale detector is the requirement of very high voltage (50− 100kV across 1m) to generate a suitable drift field inside the TPC. A prototype facility, the XENON1T Demonstrator, has been built at Columbia University to study these and other challenges related to the construction and operation of a multi-tonne scale detector. The facility was built to enable TPCs of varying drift length to be tested, each optimized to study a different problem to demonstrate a different technological solution.


A quantum point contact placed close to a quantum dot can be used as a charge detector with time resolution to monitor the charge flow on the level of individual electrons. The current through the quantum point contact may take two possible values corresponding to the situation of an additional electron being on or off the quantum dot. Time traces of such two-level behavior allow to measure the average current, the tunnel rates in and out of the quantum dot, the time-dependent fluctuations of the current (noise), as well as higher-order current correlations. This high-sensitivity method to measure charge flow can also be used to detect time-resolved single-electron interference.


Navigation is a challenging problem, particularly in the underwater marine environment. The maximum visibility in pure water is 80 m but such clarity is rarely present in nature, limiting the utility of vision-based navigation techniques to much shorter distances in clear waters. A further challenge is the lack of visual features in open waters. Using an underwater polarization video system inspired by the mantis shrimp eye, we have previously shown that it is possible to bypass this limitation and perform celestial navigation without direct observation of the sun. The heading and elevation of the sun can be inferred from polarization angle measurements of the scattered, in-water light field. Our proof-of-concept system achieved an accuracy of 61 km in global positioning, or 0.38° in heading. To reduce the material, computational, and energy costs of the system, we have applied the biological design principles of sparsity and matched filtering. That is, we sense and compute the minimum information necessary for specific levels of accuracy and our sensors are tuned to the most informative set of signals in the environment. This work brings us closer to a practical realization of a new method for long-distance navigation in underwater vehicles, without the need to surface, and shows how biological design principles can ease requirements for real-time and resource-constrained systems.


Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) of 101 acinetobacter baumannii isolated were measured by microdilution method.Results 101 Acinetobacter baummanii were mainly isolated from ICU,and most of them were from sputum.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed the resistant rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to TrimethoprimSulfamethoxazole was the highest(91%),followed by gentamicin(86%),cefotaxime(86%).Conclusion The drug resistance of Acinetobacter baummanii is serious.Carbapenem is the preferred antibacterial therapy for Acinetobacter baumannii.


In this paper, we develop an ontology-based customer feature extraction method in e-commerce environment. We define e-commerce customer ontology using the term constructors of ontology and demonstrate description logics to construct a semantic-oriented model. The framework of customer information integration is provided to support the query structure. Then, we build a customer ontology and develop a method and process for e-business customer features query and extraction using both query extension and query reconstruction based on it. The method is demonstrated by an example and notable results have been obtained that provides a new way to analyze the customers' features pattern especially those who trade on internet.


The Effect of Neuromuscular Blockade on Canine Laparoscopic Ovariectomy: A Double-Blinded, Prospective Clinical Trial Bart Van Goethem, Diplomate ECVS, Sebastiaan Alexander van Nimwegen, PhD, Ies Akkerdaas, DVM, Joanna Claire Murrell, BVSc., PhD, Diplomate ECVAA, and Jolle Kirpensteijn, PhD, Diplomate ACVS & ECVS Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands Corresponding Author: Bart Van Goethem, Diplomate ECVS, Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent University, Gent, Belgium E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Submitted July 2010 Accepted November 2011 DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.2011.00962.x Objective: To evaluate the effect of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) on surgical time and various anesthetic variables during laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs. Study Design: Prospective, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Animals: Female dogs (n = 40). Methods: Laparoscopic ovariectomy by bipolar electrocoagulation was performed by 1 surgeon using a standardized protocol, where 1 ovary was removed under NMB, and the other without NMB. Surgical and anesthetic (respiratory and circulatory) variables were recorded for predetermined procedural stages and were statistically evaluated. Results: Mean total surgical time was 25.1 ± 6.3 minutes (range, 16–47 minutes). With NMB, mean duration of surgical excision of the ovary (5.7 ± 2.3 minutes) was not significantly changed compared to ovariectomy without NMB (5.9 ± 1.9 minutes). Arterial blood pressure was the only recorded anesthetic variable that significantly changed under NMB (5% decrease). Occurrence of intraoperative complications did not differ. In obese dogs, total surgical time was increased by 22%. Other variables, including occurrence of intraoperative mesovarial bleeding did not influence surgical duration. Conclusions: NMB did not significantly improve laparoscopic ovariectomy times and except for a 5% decrease in arterial blood pressure did not change any of the evaluated anesthetic and surgical variables.


This paper proposes a new method EER/FL to specify e-bargaining in logic form such to infer and validate e-bargaining process under logic foundation. The bargaining process between initiator (buyer) and participant (seller), involve several activities. The decision process in bargaining is to get the mutual goal and gain. However, being due to complexity of bargaining process, the final contract is still performed manually unsupported by computer systems. This paper proposes a reference template of e-bargaining based on EER (extended entity-relationship) data model and FL (frame logic) to express the static structure and dynamic behavior of multi agents in e-bargaining. The development framework of the EER/FL includes three levels, i.e. conceptual level, logical level and simulation and validation level. The interface of different level is a mapping from a source model to a target model using a set of transformation rules. Finally, the simulation level is supported by FLORID tools to evaluate the correctness and the adequacy of the model. After validating the e-bargaining model, the e-commerce system can be synthesized further. This paper will apply an example of e-bargaining to validate the feasibility of the EER/FL model.


This study aims to examine the political communication of the Aceh governors' candidate during the Indonesian local leaders' election in 2017. The focus of the study is to analyze the political communication of the candidates and the effectiveness of the campaign. This study used a qualitative approach. The findings show that both candidates used propaganda political communication, communication techniques, and various political campaign strategies. The political propaganda strategy and campaign the governor candidate of Irwandi-Nova were far more intense, effective, widespread and comprehensive in quality and quantity compare to Muzakkir-TA. Although the candidate of Irwandi-Nova cannot predict their supporters for granted, apparently their political communication strategy, propaganda and political approach have effectively anesthetized Acehnese voters and placed them as the winner of the Aceh Governor's Election that counted for 898,710 votes while Muzakkir-TA only gained 766,427 votes.


Molecular mechanics (MM) (29–31) and molecular dy-Molecular mechanics calculations were employed to study the namics (MD) (32–36) calculations have been performed in inclusion of 2-methyl naphthoate in-and -cyclodextrinin vacuo computational studies of the molecular structures and con-and in the presence of water as a solvent. The driving forces formations of CDs in isolation, solvated by water, and in for complexation are dominated by nonbonded van der Waals their crystalline forms. The application of these computa-host:guest interactions in both environments. The 2-methyl naph-tional techniques to CD:guest inclusion compounds for a thoate penetrates completely into the cavity of -cyclodextrin, but better understanding of the complexation process itself, how-there is only partial penetration by the same molecule into the ever, has been more limited. Earlier MM works are from smaller cavity of -cyclodextrin. 1997 Academic Press Harata (37) and Tabushiet al.(38). More recently, MM


This paper mainly deals with influences of teaching style and developmental processes in learning model to the acquired representations (primitives). We investigate these influences by introducing a hierarchical recurrent neural network for robot model, and a form of motionese (a caregiver's use of simpler and more exaggerated motions when showing a task to an infants). We modified a Multiple Timescales Recurrent Neural Network (MTRNN) for robot's self-model. The number of layers in the MTRNN increases according to learn complex events. We investigate our approach with a humanoid robot "Actroid" through conducting an imitation experiment in which a human caregiver gives the robot a task of pushing two buttons. Experiment results and analysis confirm that learning with phased teaching and structuring enables to acquire the clear motion primitives as the activities in the fast context layer of MTRNN and to the robot to handle unknown motions.


This paper presents a concept design of an envisioned future intelligent Earth observing satellite (FIEOS) system. The proposed system is a space-based architecture for the dynamic and comprehensive on-board integration of Earth observing sensors, data processors and communication systems. The architecture and implementation strategies suggest a seamless integration of diverse components into a smart, adaptable and robust Earth observation satellite system. It is intended to enable simultaneous, global measurements and timely analyses of the Earth's environment for a variety of users. In particular, common users would directly access data in a manner similar to selecting a TV channel. We also discuss key technology problems, current technology development, amongst other things. It is concluded that (1) the proposed intelligent Earth observing satellite system is technically feasible; and (2) information technology and real-time information systems, for example multi-layer satellite networks connected with an organic system and on-board data processor capabilities, are crucial for implementation of the intelligent system. This revolutionary concept should dramatically impact on how Earth observing systems develop and conduct missions in the future.


The use of peat for agricultural crop cultivation needs to be done carefully by considering water management and peat characteristics. The use of peat for cultivation affects the breakdown of organic matter, which produces CH4 and CO2. CO2 and CH4 are glasshouse gases that cause global warming and impact climate change. The purpose of this activity was to determine the flux of CO2 and CH4 from the peat used for palm oil cultivation at different ages. The gas collection was carried out surrounding and between plants at 50m, 100m, and 150m from the drainage channel. Gas samples were taken using the closed chamber method, and gas was analysed using gas chromatography equipped certain detector. The results of the activity showed that the flux of methane from peat with palm oil trees aged < 3 years tended to be higher than oil palms aged > 3 years, while the CO2 flux was relatively not different between palm oil aged < 3 years and > 3 years. The distance of the presence of the drainage channel affects the CH4 and CO2 fluxes, namely the high CH4 flux at the point near the drainage channel but the low at the CO2 flux. Further and in-depth research is needed to understand GHG flux from peat with different oil palm ages.


The molecular beam epitaxial growth of the diluted magnetic semiconductors Cr/sub y/Ge/sub 1-y/, (Cr,Mn):Ge, and Fe/sub z/Ge/sub 1-x/ was reported and the structural, magnetic and transport properties of the samples were described.


Cultural, spiritual and material life of a country is best reflected through language. Seen in its entirety, PHRASEOLOGY is a complicated and a vast field of study. There are many issues that deserve special attention in future studies. Phraseological units with their petrified forms or relatively petrified, are extended in time in all forms of life. Viewed over the years, the way of living in these areas had more specifics related to life events, such as agriculture, livestock, orchards, vegetation etc. Therefore, the formation of phraseological units was motivated and related to everyday life and the surrounding environment. With the beginning of the organization of civic life and the emergence of different handicrafts, new phraseological units were formed and most of them already belong to the whole Albanian nation. In this regard, we will treat phraseological units associated with Dukagjini Region. Special attention will be paid to phraseological units considered as having "local" character, especially those formed last years, for which we have already concluded that they are petrified. Distinguished units such as: si n'dardha t ' Cetin - in abundance, wholesale; si shati i bac's Met - crooked , that does not care for themselves; si podrimcaki n'ar ' - dedicated, hard worker; si bunkeri i Mark Avdyit - fortified, strong (Mark Avdyli was an old man who fought in the last war and had built a bunker very strong and fortified, in the village of Ramoc); s'e lan as Ereniki - great shame; prashit n'uj - does work in vain; korr mi tromak - speaks without foundation, speaks unfounded, lying; i cofi morri - he finished his work, he lost influence. Keywords: Phraseology, phraseological unit, vocabulary, motivation.


(ASIS) Working Group was formally chmtered under the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Ada (SIGAda). The ASIS Working Group (ASISWG), originally established under sponsorship of the STARS Program, is now sponsonxi by the Ada Joint Program Office (AJPO) and SIGAda. The goal of the ASISWG is to develop and participate in the standardhtion of an implementation independent application pro-g into ~OW mtriev~ of syntactic and semantic information stored within an Ada compiler's compilation database. The initial goal of the WG is to develop an ASIS version for Ada83. A draft of ASIS version 1.OA is currently available for review and commeats from the AJPO public Intemet archive. The WG will then develop ASIS for Ada9X, and work towards its adoption as an international standard. The definition and operational semantics of ASIS are specified using Ada packages, with supporting commentary to describe the semantics and usage of operations. Each ASIS vendor is expected to provide a compliant implementation. ASIS enables users to access semantic data stored in the Ada library without understanding the complex internal representation of the Ada compiler vendor. Thus, it increases software development productivity of Ada tool developers, and enables Ada semantic fimctionality not possible with conventional syntax analyzera. In addition, the use of ASIS hlCRtlStX portability of tightly integrated Ada tools between platforms and Ada compilers. The availability of ASIS should increase the quality and availability of more powerful Ada tools, which should tu$umce the entire Ada market. ASIS will provide tool vendors with a low cost migration path to transition from Ada83 to Ada9X. Membership in the working group is open to any interested party. Current members include representatives of Ada compiler vendors, CASE tool developem, application developers, and other Ada users. ASISWG aims to reach out to the Ada community to assure that the interests of all parties are equally represented within the group. Having a special ASIS session at the Tri-Ada'93 will help the WG to meet this goal. The purpose of the ASIS session at the Tri-Ada'93 will be to present the history of the ASISWG, review progress on the evolution of the interface, present various user experience reports on the use of the existing impl=memtathm of ASIS and, possibly, other intermediate representations and solicit input from the audience. It is important that ASIS gets input from the diverse international Ada community. We, at ASISWG, hope that the special …


INTRODUCTION : Physical fitness implies the ability to make adequate physiological adjustments to the stresses imposed by a specific task. Good cardiorespiratory function is reflected by the ability to deliver oxygen to the tissues to maintain continuous activity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The present study was carried out to study the effect of exercise on the physical fitness of healthy young adults. Exercise stress test was done by Harvard step test. Study population comprised of 100 young adults with subset of 50 trained athletes and 50 sedentary healthy adults. The parameter for measuring Physical fitness was Physical Fitness Index.
RESULTS: Mean value of PFI in trained athletes and sedentary healthy adults were 85.42 and 72.79 respectively i.e., mean value of PFI is higher in trained than sedentary group. This is statistically highly significant (P value < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The study reveals that physical fitness is high in trained athletes than the untrained group. There is a need for inclusion of regular exercise in medical students to attain high level of physical fitness.


Articles you may be interested in Fabrication of triangular nanobeam waveguide networks in bulk diamond using single-crystal silicon hard masks Appl. Mechanical properties of polymeric nanostructures fabricated through directed self-assembly of symmetric diblock and triblock copolymers Design and focused ion beam fabrication of single crystal diamond nanobeam cavities Aligned dense single-walled carbon nanotube beams and cantilevers for nanoelectromechanical systems applications


The family is a biological reality entailed by the union between a man and a woman and by procreation; it is a social reality, given the community of life between the spouses, between parents and children and, generally, between the family members; last but not least, it is a legal reality, by way of the legal regulations regarding the family. In a narrow sense, the notion of the family includes the spouses and their minor children. In a broader sense, the notion of the family would mean the genealogical tree that includes the totality of the persons descended from a common author, to whom are added the spouses of those persons. A precise and rigorous definition of the notion of family is hindered by many difficulties, simply because it is an object of research in various and numerous sciences, such as sociology, psychology, law, medicine, etc., each trying to capture its characteristic aspects from their particular angles. The motivation? The legislators themselves are not consistent in establishing a legal definition of the family, providing this notion with an array of different meanings. In this paper, we will attempt to outline and account for these realities of the family from a legal standpoint, as evinced by various statutory regulations in this field.


Oral delivery of peptides is severely limited by their instability and poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. In contrast to coadministration strategies using medium‐chain fatty acids, which have recently gained regulatory approval with low oral bioavailabilities ≤ 1% (Rybelsus and Mycapssa), efforts to clinically implement delivery systems based on nanocarriers have not been successful to date. The approved drug‐delivery formulations show fairly accurate correlation between clinical results and nonrodent mammal bioavailability, including Beagle dogs for Rybelsus, indicating that Beagle dogs represent a translationally relevant model. Here, a nanocarrier formulation for the oral administration of peptide therapeutics is reported with systemic targets consisting of liposomes decorated with cyclic cell‐penetrating peptides, which significantly increase oral bioavailability in translationally relevant Beagle dogs. This nanocarrier formulation is optimized using the glycopeptide vancomycin, and results in a considerable oral bioavailability of 3.9%. Further, this nanocarrier system increases the oral bioavailability of the large linear peptide therapeutic exenatide 20‐fold, and consistently achieves effective plasma concentrations in Beagle dogs.


In spite of encouraging experimental results of suturing menisci in the not-vascularised area, even today in most of these cases subtotal resection will be done. The results of meniscal reconstruction in 15 patients with a longitudinal tear of the degeneration area as consequence of a combined injury of the knee joint are discussed. Only one patient suffered a postoperative rerupture. The others did not show any signs of continuing tears of the menisci during a study period of 18.7 months. Whereas in arthrography only in a few cases superficial notches, sign for a physiological recessus, were found, CT-scan as well as arthrosonography showed in large degree of correspondence change of density in the region of suture, which can be interpreted as a process of scar transformation. Thus it is recommendable to use suture of meniscus next to stabilizing measurements of injured knee-joint, even in the zone of degeneration.


Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is a relatively abundant, low-value fish that has wide distribution in India because of its adaptability to different environments. However, the fish has limited scope for consumption in the fresh form. This study is an attempt to explore the possibilities of better utilization of this species by development of mince-based value-added products and the evaluation of shelf life during frozen storage. Mince from tilapia was used for the preparation of value-added products viz., chilly fish, fish cutlets and fish balls. The biochemical and sensory parameters of these products were analyzed to study the quality changes and shelf life of these products in frozen storage at −20C. Fish cutlets and fish balls remained acceptable up to 18 weeks of storage after which loss in flavor and texture was noticed. Chilly fish remained acceptable for 21 weeks in frozen condition.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

The study aims in value addition of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), a low-value fish, which at present has only limited scope for consumption in fresh form. Earlier studies showed that the mince yield of this species is 32–36%. The quality of tilapia mince is comparable to that from other marine and freshwater species of commercial importance. Utilization of the mince for the production of cutlets, fish balls and chilly fish are simple and a cost-effective means of converting tilapia to value-added convenience products. Shelf life studies indicate that in frozen storage, the products can retain the sensory qualities for 18–21 weeks. Commercialization of these products can contribute to diversification in the fish processing industry through better utilization of a relatively underutilized species.


A rigorous derivation of constitutive laws for nonlinear behavior of compressible and incompressible elasticity is presented. As a tensor-valued function with a single tensor variable, i.e. strain, stress is expressed as a tensor polynomial that contains high order elasticity tensors. Various symmetric features of these tensors are then introduced to simplify the expression. Finally, for isotropic material the constitutive laws and strain energy functions are obtained. The expressions satisfy the criterion known as representation theorem for tensor functions and are complete and irreducible.


The utility model relates to the technical field of a mixer and the component thereof, and particularly to a plummer block for a mixing shaft of an automatic batching system. The plummer block for mixing shaft of automatic batching system is sleeved on the mixing shaft which is outside a mixing box body. The plummer block for mixing shaft of automatic batching system comprises the following components: a bearing block, and a sealed bearing which is equipped in the bearing block. The bearing block is fixedly equipped at an outer surface of a side wall of the mixing box body. The bearing block is provided with a through hole or a groove which is provided below the mixing shaft and is positioned between the sealed bearing and the mixing box body. The plummer block for the mixing shaft of the automatic batching system settles a technical problem, namely non-ideal service life of the bearing for the mixing shaft of prior-art mixer.


We provide the 21N‐moment multi‐temperature collision coefficients for the Boltzmann collision operator using the Sonine‐Hermite polynomial ansatz in the style of Zhdanov et al. First, we outline the general derivation method. Then, we provide the collision coefficients in the most general form in terms of the Chapman‐Cowling integrals for any potential of interaction for the 21N‐moment approximation. Then, we provide the collision coefficients for the specific case of the approximated Coulomb potential cross‐section with Debye cutoff. These coefficients help in order to find easy implementation in current scrape‐off layer/edge fluid packages, which currently implement the 21N‐moment single‐temperature coefficients. This provides the completion of a missing link in the current literature.


Tourism is an industry with enormous economic power and high environmental and cultural impact. If we handled tourism with care and consideration, it could substantially contribute to the conservation of nature and natural resources, the growth of environmental awareness, and the protection of indigenous communities and cultures. Tourism should mean to visit and admire foreign countries and unspoiled nature without harming the ecosystem or the native civilisation. Ecotourism puts these considerations into practice, and pursues an even broader goal; not only to minimise the negative environmental impact, but to directly benefit the protection and conservation of nature and the environment. Among the high number of studies and reports about ecotourism, it is difficult to maintain an overview of the criteria, which are crucial for its effectiveness and to understand what are the most important regulations to follow in order to speak of genuine ecotourism. This study aims to examine the meaning of ecotourism and develop a framework of effectiveness criteria in order to indicate measures, guidelines and barriers for the successful implementation of ecotourism as a tool for conservation.


A numerical study of the static and dynamical properties of the pairing interaction in a two-level system is presented as a search for a large-{ital N} scaling behavior already empirically found in other models of the same class. A scaling behavior is found in the spectra as a function of {ital N}, but the dynamical properties show strong dependence on the initial conditions.


Based on the teaching experience,the authors give a brief discussion on the education of students' characters and morals at animal biology teaching in colleges and universities from the following aspects: materialistic dialectics,patriotism,strong will,making progress,devotion,having a good spirit and forming a good attitude towards fame and wealth.


: In children's interview programs, hosts are faced with a group of lively and free-thinking children, whose attention is difficult to maintain for extended periods. The ability of the host directly impacts the effectiveness of the program's broadcast. Thus, this paper focuses on children's interview programs and analyzes the current issues concerning hosts, as well as the essential qualities hosts should possess. Furthermore, the discussion delves into the techniques employed by hosts in children's interview programs, aiming to provide practical guidance for hosts in this field


The invention discloses a gaseous environment acquisition control system for a lithography projection lens internal chamber, and belongs to the field of controlling a lithography projection lens, aiming at solving problems of the prior art which is low in lithography precision and poor in reliability and stability of lithography lens in case of change in gaseous environment of the lithography projection lens internal chamber. An upper machine comprises a human-computer interaction interface and a network interface, and an environment control chassis comprises a chassis backboard as well as a chassis main control card, a gaseous environment acquisition card and a gaseous environment control card fixed on the chassis backboard, wherein the network interface of the upper computer is connected to the chassis main control card of the environment control chassis through a network interface line; the gaseous environment acquisition card and the gaseous environment control card are connected to a gaseous environment measurement unit and a gaseous environment control unit through analogue amplifying lines respectively; the lithography projection lens internal chamber and the gaseous environment control unit form a gas loop through a high-purity supply line and a gas return line; and the gaseous environment measurement unit is connected to the lithography projection lens internal chamber through a gas path to be detected.


The design of a technically feasible experiment is discussed that would distinguish between Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and de Broglie's relation, ( Delta x)i( Delta p)f>or=h(cross)/2 where ( Delta x)i is the initial localisation of the particle and ( Delta p)f is the final scatter in the momentum of the free particle.


Five perylene bisimide (PBI) derivatives were designed and synthesized, on the basis of quantum-chemical calculations. The influence of halogen substituents on the shape and energy of the frontier orbitals and the Raman spectra were calculated, in the prospect use in surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) studies. The corresponding experiments confirmed a very strong SERRS response in the presence of pristine (i.e., uncoated) gold nanoparticles. These spectra can be used for multiplexing measurements, namely measurements in which, by using a single laser excitation, one can recognize the simultaneous presence of several analytes.


Polarity of a series of ionic liquids (ILs) prepared by neutralization of N-alkylimidazoles and acids was measured with solvatochromic dye, Nile Red. Polarity of the N-alkylimidazolium salt-type ILs was in the comparable range to that of N,N'-dialkylimidazolium salt-type ILs. In the range, higher polarity was found when stronger acid (small pK a value in water) was used. This is the first report on the polarity of ILs containing dissociable protons.


DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most lethal types of DNA damage that occurs in eukaryotic cells. There are two distinct pathways of repairing DSBs, homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). In the NHEJ repairing pathway, DSB recognition and repair initiation is directed by the interaction of DNAbinding subunit Ku70/80 heterodimer with the DNA-PK protein catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). Mutations in these proteins result in repair stalling and eventual DNA misrepair that may lead to genomic instability. Studying the binding kinetics of these repair proteins is therefore important for understanding the conditions under which DSB repair stalls. Currently open questions are, what is the minimum DNA length that this complex needs to get a foothold onto a DSB and how tightly does DNA-PKcs bind onto the DNA-Ku70/80 complex. Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) and Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) techniques have the potential to give information about the binding kinetics of DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions at the single-molecule level. In this work, FCS/FCCS measurements were performed to explore the minimum DNA base-pair (bp) length that Ku70/80 needed as a foothold to bind effectively onto the tips of different lengths of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments that mimic DSBs. 25 bp, 33 bp and 50 bp of dsDNA were used for these experiments and binding was studied as a function of salt concentration in solution. It was found that the 25 bp binding was weak even at physiological salt concentrations while the dissociation constant (Kd) remained constant for 33 and 50 bp dsDNA strand lengths. These studies indicated that the minimum binding length for the Ku70/8 is in the vicinity of 25 bp. The specificity of binding of Ku70/80 was proven by competitive binding FCCS experiments between Cy5-labeled DNA, GFP-Ku70/80 and titrations of unlabeled Ku70/80. Finally, using FCCS it was possible to estimate the apparent Kd for DNA-PKcs binding to the DNA-Ku70/80 complex and the induced dissociation of DNA-PKcs from that complex by phosphorylation was observed in real time.


As we move rapidly into 21st century leaders face the challenge of being effective in a global knowledge environment. This research studies the factors of Transformational leadership model in 2010's is a leadership style that creates valuable and positive change in the economic crisis. Results on economic crisis around the world are impacting with every types of business, especially in the part of hotel and tourism in Thailand. The numbers of recruiting staffs were declining for hotels and tourism. This is a major problem for new graduates' because a few of them could find job that related with hotels and tourism. The researcher would like to find out some model that can help or support the leadership in the International Programs in Hospitality and tourism for Thai Higher education universities in Thailand. There are three aspects: 1) Propose the theory of transformational leadership, 2) Issues on Curriculum Development, 3) Effects on economic crisis and decreasing of employment. Within the range of these three aspects there are ten factors which will be focused in this study: transformation leadership development, curriculum development, leadership perception, universities conditions, leader's knowledge, ICT assisted teaching and learning, declining of economy, owner's perception, student's affair department, and quality assurance. The study is to investigate those ten factors for both public and private international universities. There are ten international universities in Thailand were randomly, and concerned only the master programs. Name of ten International University in Thailand: Assumption University, Silpakorn University, Mahidol University, Burapha University, Stamford University, Ramkhamhaeng University, Dusit Thani College, Naresuan University, Rangsit University, and Prince of Songkla University. All sample universities should have run in English language programs. The first part in the research design was identified all factors of transformational leadership, and leader's knowledge from various sources such as websites, journals, research, online data base, textbooks, and library. The second part of research design is interviewing: to gather information of owners' perception, student affairs department, and ICT teaching and learning by using open-ended questions. The results of this research, the researcher could find out new information that supported new model of transformational leadership for 2010's. Researcher is expected out from review of the literature, can be suggested that findings are as follows: The model of transformational leadership for 2010's, the model will be developed by our research is divided into seven sections: 1) Universities vision, 2) Organizational value, 3) Universities goals, 4) Characteristics of leadership, 5) Owners' perception, 6) Students' communities,7) Instructional support. As the results what can be happening to improve the effectiveness on the model of Transformational Leadership for 2010's for the Leaders of the International University in Thailand.


Background: Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever that is endo-epidemic in Edo state, with case fatality of 90-100% if not treated. It has been claimed that early treatment with Ribavirin reduces mortality to less than 20%. This study was carried out to assert/confirm or refute/reject this claim. Aim: To review the clinical features, laboratory findings of Lassa fever and the outcome of confirmed cases treated with Ribavirin. Methodology: The study was a case series study of the first 41 cases that were treated with Ribavirin in the Lassa fever isolation ward from 28 th November 2010 to 26 th May 2011. Results: Up to 63.4% of cases presented late (onset of illness greater than 6 days at presentation). Fever remains the predominant presenting feature of the disease (97.5%). Of the cases that were admitted, 41 were treated, 31 recovered and 9 died, giving a case-fatality rate of 22%. One discharged against medical advice. Conclusion: Lassa fever victims still present late at the hospital and fever remains the predominant presenting feature. Early Ribavirin treatment improves treatment outcome of Lassa fever in confirmed cases. Recommendations: The Federal, States and Local government area council members must make efforts to c reate public awareness on early presentation, diagnosis and prompt treatment with Ribavirin.


A discussion of an earlier paper with the aforementioned title by J.L. Briaud, M. Ballouz, and G. Nasr, published in this journal (Volume 126, Number 7, July 2000), is presented. While commending the original authors for presenting a well-documented case history with interesting conclusions, the discusser feels that the analysis of the data could be pursued in an alternative manner, resulting in conclusions that both differ from and emphasize those of the authors. A number of points relating to the static loading tests, intermediate testing using the Statnamic testing method, and pile driving tests monitored with the pile driving analyzer in the authors' research are raised.


The integration of large-scale offshore wind power located far away from the onshore grid can be realized through multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) technology. However, power surplus problem of isolated wind power connected to multi-terminal HVDC caused by direct current (DC) fault is easy to result in the system overvoltage and trip-off accidents of wind turbine. Firstly, the fault ride through (FRT) performance of multi-terminal HVDC system is studied, and the influence of power surplus on DC voltage is investigated. Secondly, based on the marine scenario, the configuration method of DC chopper considering the clustering power characteristics of offshore wind power and power conversion control of HVDC is proposed. And then, the FRT control strategy based on DC chopper configuration method is further determined. Finally, simulation on offshore wind power integrated by three-terminal HVDC is carried out to verify that the proposed FRT strategy contributes to the fast recovery of offshore wind power delivery system via HVDC grid.


Fifteen patients with refractory Hodgkin's disease were treated in a dose-escalation trial with the bispeci®c monoclonal antibody (bi-mAb) HRS-3/A9, which is directed against the Fcc receptor III (CD16 antigen) and the Hodgkin's-associated CD30 antigen. Treatment consisted of four cycles of four bi-mAb infusions given over 1 h every 3±4 days at di€erent dose levels ranging from 1 mg/m2 to 64 mg/m. Measurable serum levels (above 0.1 lg/ml) of circulating bi-mAb could be detected in patients treated with doses above 4 mg/m, reaching peak levels of 9.5 lg/ml immediately after the end of antibody infusion on the highest dose level. Bi-mAb elimination corresponded to second-order kinetics with a terminal half-life time (t1=2;b) of 28±32 h. Bi-mAb treatment induced the occurrence of human anti-(mouse Ig) antibodies (HAMA) in 6 out of 13 patients initially testing negative. All 6 patients not only developed anti-isotypic anti-(mouse Ig) but also antiidiotypic and anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies. While no consistent changes of peripheral blood cell counts, or of any lymphocyte subpopulation including natural killer (NK) cells, has been observed, 4 out of 6 evaluable patients treated with doses of at least 4 mg/m showed an increase of NK cell activity within 2 weeks after treatment, which lasted for a maximum of 12 weeks. Circulating amounts of soluble CD30 antigen could be detected in the serum of 6 patients. However, like the results and time courses of all the other immunological parameters evaluated, this was not predictive for treatment outcome.


Spectrophotometer for the automated optical characterization of solar collector tubes and operation method, which measures the transmission coefficients of the glass tube (13) and reflection of the metal tube (15). This kit includes all components necessary to perform this measure, such as the optical bench (1) wherein the tube (2) is supported, the standard or pattern (3) and the optical device modules, a main module (5) it generates the light beams a measuring module (4) which performs the measurement of the transmission coefficient of the outer glass tube (13) and the reflection coefficient of the metallic inner tube (15), a mechanical system rotating tube ( 9), an electronic acquisition and processing of data (6), an external computer (7) for controlling the equipment and processing the measured data and a communication system (8) between the computer and the computer (7 ).


The objective of this investigation is to present proper signal processing techniques to analyze nonlinear aeroelastic time series where limit cycle oscillations and chaotic motions may occur. A powerful method to study nonlinear aeroelastic behavior of aircraft structures is the phase-space reconstruction technique. In the reconstruction process, the mutual information function and the percentage of false neighbors methods are used to estimate the time-delay and the dimension of the attractor, respectively. The dynamics of the system is then determined from the Lyapunov exponents. A method of estimating frequency and damping values of the aeroelastic system from the reconstructed phase-space is also presented. Examples are given for a two-dimensiona l airfoil oscillating in pitch and plunge with either a bilinear or a cubic spring nonlinearity in one of the degrees of freedom.


n the fall of 2013, Representative Tim Murphy of Pennsylvania introduced comprehensive legislation to reform the federal framework that shapes the delivery of mental health care throughout the United States.1 Murphy, a clinical psychologist, had been charged by the Republican leadership in the House of Representatives with developing a legislative response to the highly publicized mass school shooting that had taken place in Newtown, Connecticut.2 The Murphy Bill was fashioned to reform a number of existing policies and practices, including the Medicaid reimbursement rules for inpatient psychiatric care, the funding requirements for community-based behavioral health services, and the health privacy rules that restrict the communication of patient information to family members and other caregivers of adult psychiatric patients.3 In addition, the bill proposed a system for linking primary care physicians with mental health professionals in order to provide behavioral health services to rural and other difficult to reach patients.4 Among the various


The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) global market has grown and developed significantly in recent years, and the number of IoMT devices is increasing every year. IoMT systems are now very popular and have become part of our everyday life. However, such systems should be properly protected to preventing unauthorized access to the devices. One of the most popular security methods that additionally relies on real-time communication is Blockchain. Moreover, such a technique can be supported by the Trusted Third Party (TTP), which guarantees data immutability and transparency. The research and industrial community has predicted the proliferation of Blockchain-based IoMT (BIoMT), for providing security, privacy, and effective insurance processing. A connected environment comprises some of the unique features of the IoMT in the form of sensors and devices that capture and measure, recognize and classify, assess risk, notify, make conclusions, and take action. Distributed communication is also unique due to the combination of the fact that the Blockchain cannot be tampered with and the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technique, especially compared to the traditional cloud-based techniques where the reliance of IoMT systems on the centralized cloud makes it somewhat vulnerable. This paper proposes a Blockchain-based technique oriented on IoMT applications with a focus on maintaining Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (the CIA triad) of data communication in the system. The proposed solution is oriented toward trusted and secure real-time communication. The presented method is illustrated by an example of a cloud-based hospital application. Finally, the security aspects of the proposed approach are studied and analyzed in detail.


The role of IT devices and technology in our everyday lives is growing. The commercial availability of sensor and wireless communications technologies has led to an increase in the number of system ...


Since the 1960s, numerous cases of induced seismicity have been associated with reservoir impoundment, mining and the injection of fluids into the subsurface [National Resources Council, 2012]. In recent years, fluid injection activities have intensified as a result of growing shale gas production, enhanced oil recovery, disposal of produced waters in dedicated injection wells, enhanced geothermal systems operations, as well as carbon dioxide sequestration. In addition to a rise in the volume of fluid injection, a documented increase in the rate of M3.0 and greater earthquakes in the US has been observed in the midcontinent since 2001 [Ellsworth et al., 2013]. Many of these earthquakes occurred near areas of wastewater disposal in Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. This study seeks to connect a swarm of recent earthquakes in the Delaware Basin which straddles the New Mexico-Texas border. Using a match filter, I construct a template from previously observed earthquakes. My results expanded existing catalogs in the region by a factor of 1.5. The updated catalog supports the spatial and temporal connection between earthquakes and injection activity.


The major objectives of this study are to experimentally investigate the influences of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) used in oil recovery on characters of crude oil. The HPAM is SNF 3640D from SNF Floerger in French. The experiments were putting HPAM with different concentrations into crude oil, and analyzing the basal characters of crude oil. Settling experimental results showed that the content of resin and asphaltene were decrease with the increase of HPAM concentrations. The viscosity of crude oil had relation to HPAM concentrations, when the concentration of HPAM reaching 700 mg/l, the viscosity would increase about 15 percent. The forms of HPAM were observed by environment scanning electron microscope (ESEM) also changed, at first the HPAM gathered into mass, in the end the HPAM was taken off with produced water presented longer linear.


It is found that an aluminum conductor can fail due to a thermal stress caused by periodically applying rectangular power pulses to semiconducting devices that generate heat internally. The mean time to failure due to this process is calculated. The agreement between the calculated values and the experimental data is good.


New national and international economic and social forces have reshaped national geographies in general and the characteristics of cities in particular, resulting in a range of diverse social and spatial outcomes. These outcomes, which include greater differentiation across, within and between cities has become a feature of the economic and social forces associated with post-Fordist social structures. Taking localities across Australia's metropolitan regions, this paper develops a typology of advantage and disadvantage using a model-based approach with clustering of data represented by a parameterised Gaussian mixture model and confidence intervals of the means providing a measure of differences between the clusters. The analysis finds seven clusters of localities that represent different aspects of the socio-spatial structure of the metropolitan regions studied.


This paper introduced simply the mechanism and types of rutting production,analyzed the influence of asphalt mixture,filler and asphalt ratio,aggregate,filler,asphalt surface layer thickness to rutting,and proposed corresponding prevention measures,in order to reduce the asphalt pavement diseases,prolong the service life of asphalt pavement.


Metallic Fe nanoparticles partially occupy the sulfur vacancies at edge sites of WS2 leading to 4-fold higher NRR performance due to the boosted p-d hybridization between Fe and N atoms.


The invention discloses an air-filled polyvinyl chloride toy and a surface decal method of a polyvinyl chloride rotocast toy. The surface decal method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a toy and a transfer sticker, wherein the toy is provided with a surface layer made of a polyvinyl chloride paste resin material, and a decal region of the surface layer is provided with a smooth outer surface, and the transfer decal comprises a thin-film substrate, and a transfer pattern layer, namely a thin polyvinyl chloride resin layer; S2, decal pretreatment: wiping the decal region by using a diluent to sufficiently dissolve an outer surface of the decal region; S3, decal: sticking the transfer sticker on the surface layer and locating the transfer pattern layer in the decal region, and hard pressing the transfer pattern layer to be completely fitted; and S4, removing the film: removing the thin-film substrate, separating the transfer pattern layer from the thin-film substrate, and then forming patterns in the decal region. Patterns formed by using the method provided by the present invention can be guaranteed in quality; the grade of a product can be improved; besides, less processing steps are involved; the operations are convenient and fast; and the cost is low; further, an excellent effect can be achieved.


Fibrolipomatous hamartoma of nerve and macrodystrophia lipomatosa are rare conditions that present characteristic imaging findings. The plain films, magnetic resonance imaging studies and medical records of four patients were reviewed. The lesion was resected in one patient allowing histological confirmation of the diagnosis. Diagnosis was based on imaging and clinical findings in three patients who had unavailable biopsy data. We describe two cases of isolated macrodystrophia lipomatosa, one case of fibrolipomatous hamartoma and one case where both conditions were found. In the macrodystrophia lipomatosa cases plain films demonstrated enlargement of osseous and soft tissue structures in the affected limbs, with fatty streaks interspersed along the muscle fibers. The median nerve was affected in the cases of fibrolipomatous hamartoma. Magnetic resonance imaging findings included nerve fascicle thickening characterized by low signal on both T1 and T2-weighted sequences, and surrounding fat, which appears as high signal on T1 and low signal on T2-weighted sequences with fat saturation. Both nerves had a "coaxial cable" appearance on axial images. The fibrolipomatous hamartoma extended to the nerve branches, which is a typical finding. The typical imaging findings of macrodystrophia lipomatosa and fibrolipomatous hamartoma of nerve, particularly at magnetic resonance imaging examination, allowed a reliable diagnosis of these frequently coexistent conditions.


ObjectiveTo investigate effective methods of ovarian stimulation during in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo cryopreservation in breast cancer patients of reproductive age before post-surgical chemotherapy.


Abstract In this paper, I defend a general theory of competition and contrast it with a corresponding general theory of cooperation. I then use this analysis to critique mutualism. Building on the work of Arthur Applbaum and Joseph Heath I develop an alternative adversarial model of competitive sport, one that helps explain and is partly justified by shallow interpretivism, and argue that this model helps shows that the claim that mutualism provides us with the most defensible ethical ideal of sport is false. By replacing that view with an understanding of sporting adversarial ethics we can appreciate that the ethics of sport are more complex than has been commonly recognized.


With the rapid proliferation of data centers, their energy consumption and green house gas emissions have significantly increased. Some efforts have been made to control and lower energy consumption of data centers such as proportional energy consuming hardware, dynamic provisioning and virtual-ization machine techniques. However, it is still common that many servers and network resources are often underutilized, and idle servers spend a large portion of their peak power consumption. We first built a novel model of a network virtualization in order to minimize energy usage in data centers for both computing and network resources by taking practical factors into consideration. Due to the NP-hardness of the proposed model, we have developed a heuristic algorithm for virtual network scheduling and mapping, considering expected energy consumption at different times, a data center architecture, and virtual network migration, as well as operation costs. Our evaluation results show that our algorithm could reduce energy consumption up to 40%, and take up to 57% higher number of virtual network requests over other existing virtual mapping schemes.


Nanosecond pulse discharges have been used for high pressure plasma processes and plasma flow control applications. It is well known that the pulse repetition rate has a strong impact on the behavior of the nanosecond pulse discharges and their performance in the applications. Therefore, understanding the effect of pulse repetition rate on the nanosecond pulse discharge is very important, since this may lead to a key to control the role of the plasma for applications. In this work, the Fast Ionization Wave (FIW) discharge in helium is selected to investigate this pulse repetition rate effect. This is because its operation is both stable and reproducible, free of jitters that are often found in other high pressure nanosecond discharges. This feature is crucial for a reliable measurement of the discharge parameters. In addition, findings on the FIW discharges can be useful for the understanding and control of other high pressure discharges, such as the atmospheric pressure plasma jet and the surface dielectric barrier discharge, due to their similarity in the discharge propagation features and the discharge cell geometry. In the experiment, the repetitive FIW discharge characteristics are investigated with a capacitive potential probe for the breakdown electric field measurement and with the optical emission spectroscopy for electron energy estimation at the FIW front. Since the helium atomic metastable is one of the most important residues in the afterglow,its decay is measured by the diode laser absorption spectroscopy. With these temporally and spatially resolved diagnostics, the influence of the pulse repetition rate on the breakdown field, the emission intensity, and the metastable density is observed. The breakdown field tends to decrease with the increase of pulse repetition rate. This is caused by the increase of the residual electrons generated via Penning ionization, as predicted by a quasi-one-dimensional analytical FIW model implementing the residual electron effect. The breakdown electric field from the model agrees well with the measurement at high pulse repetition rate, while at the low pulse repetition rate, the model significantly underestimates the breakdown field. A possible reason is that the model does not take into account energetic non-local electrons, which are more pronounced at the low pulse repetition rate. These electrons are generated at the FIW front and travel backward. This argument is supported by the experimental evidences that (1) the measured electric field at the FIW front exceeds the runaway electron threshold and (2) the excited helium ion emission line is quite strong behind the FIW front. The importance of the high energy electron on the FIW propagation is also qualitatively discussed with the analytic model.


The Emoti-Chair is a novel technology to enhance entertainment through vibrotactile stimulation. We assessed the experience of this technology in two workshops. In the first workshop, deaf film-makers experimented with creating vibetracks for a movie clip using a professional movie editing software. In the second workshop, trained opera singers sang and `felt' their voice through the Emoti-Chair. Participants in both workshops generally found the overall experience to be exciting and they were motivated to use the Chair for upcoming projects.


Passion, enthusiasm and involvement characterizes engaged employees. A complete commitment to the success of the organization, fostered by management's ability to inspire a strong desire for excellence in their work teams, is what differentiates engaged organizations.


Recently, "KY-Boost-Converter (KYBC)" has been extended as a substitute between PV-system &AC-load. DC-level is enhanced using QBC &its yield is applied to a DC-Motor. The CQBC is exploited to escalate the voltage-gain. Simulink-models are developed for CMC-PI and CMC-FOPID based KYBCsystems. This effort mainly compares the time-responses of CMC-PI and CMC-FOPID based KYBCsystems. The investigations indicate that the response of FOPID based KYBCI system is better than PI based KYBCI system.


Purpose

– This paper aims to demonstrate how logistics company DHL's work on incorporating events into its internal‐communications strategy has enhanced employee engagement.

Design/methodology/approach

– Draws specifically on one campaign within the company's Europe, Middle East and Africa (EEMEA) regions. Examines how this helped DHL to communicate with its diverse and widespread employee audience.

Findings

– Highlights the benefits of incorporating events into an internal‐communications strategy. Reveals that DHL decided that one of the best ways to communicate with its selection of employees across the EEMEA region was physically to take the message to them.

Practical implications

– Shows how investing in staff communication can have an impact on staff morale, communication and attitudes towards the company.

Originality/value

– Highlights an increase in employee morale and engagement.


Exercise induces a number of adaptive changes that ensure adequate blood supply to the exercising muscles while maintaining systemic homeostasis. Sustained static exercise triggers sympathetic activation and increases in heart rate and blood pressure. This exercise pressor reflex (EPR) and the metabolites that trigger it are the focus of this Perspective.

Among the processes that contribute to the EPR are cortical impulses that initiate voluntary muscle contraction (central command), activation of mechanosensitive afferent fibres (mostly type III fibres) by the contracting muscle, and activation of chemosensitive afferent fibres (mostly type IV fibres) by metabolites generated from the mismatch between energy demand and supply. The identification of the metabolite(s) responsible for the activation of chemosensitive afferent fibres has been an area of great interest and some controversy. Potential candidates should meet the following criteria: (1) their interstitial concentrations increase during exercise; (2) their exogenous application triggers sympathetic and cardiovascular changes that mimic the EPR; and (3) their elimination or blockade blunts the EPR.

Adenosine, known to activate a variety of afferent fibres triggering sympathetic activation (e.g. arterial chemoreceptors, renal and myocardial afferents), has been proposed as a metabolic trigger of the EPR. In support of this hypothesis, interstitial concentrations of adenosine increase during ischaemic exercise in humans (even after accounting for the local trauma invariably associated with the microdialysis technique used) and correlate with the magnitude of sympathetic activation; adenosine is not a potent stimulus of chemosensitive afferents in the anaesthetized cat model (Kaufman & Hayes, 2002), but in humans local administration of adenosine into the forearm triggers sympathetic activation not explained by spillover into the systemic circulation and abolished if afferent nerve traffic is interrupted by axillary blockade, and the adenosine receptor antagonist theophylline blunts the EPR (Biaggioni, 2003). Against this hypothesis, potentiation of endogenous adenosine with the nucleoside uptake blocker dipyridamole failed to enhance the increase in blood pressure induced by intermittent isometric handgrip (Riksen et al. 2005). These investigators, however, did not use postcirculatory ischaemia, the preferable paradigm to selectively investigate the contribution of metaboreceptors to the EPR, nor did they measured sympathetic activation directly. Nonetheless, it is fair to say that the adenosine hypothesis requires further validation, ideally using selective adenosine antagonists currently under development.

In this issue of The Journal of Physiology, Kindig et al. (2007) propose ATP as a metabolic trigger of the EPR. Evidence from previous studies, cited in their paper, favours this hypothesis: ATP concentrations increase linearly with muscle contraction; ATP agonists stimulate group IV chemosensitive fibres in animals, an effect blocked by the purported P2 receptor antagonist pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2′,4′-di-sulphonate (PPADS); and PPADS blocks the EPR in animal models. In their current study, the authors found that PPADS prevents the stimulation of type IV chemosensitive afferents induced by static exercise. Thus, ATP appears to meet all the requirements of a metabolic trigger of the EPR. Only time will tell whether contradictory reports will be forthcoming as has been the case with other candidates. It should be noted that PPADS may have actions unrelated to purine receptors such as blocking arachidonic acid release (Shehnaz et al. 2000). It would be reassuring if these results are confirmed with other P2 antagonists in animal models, and we look forward to human studies using selective P2 receptor antagonists, when and if they become available.

The metabolite signalling a mismatch between energy consumption and oxygen supply in exercising muscle would ideally not only trigger the EPR but also mediate local vasodilatation to increase blood flow to the exercising muscle. It is unclear if ATP fulfills this profile because it induces vasodilatation in some vascular beds, most often via release of NO, EDHF or prostacyclin, and direct vasoconstriction in others, including the hindlimb vasculature as acknowledged by the authors. Nonetheless, purinergic mechanisms combining ATP and adenosine could provide the ideal interaction between metabolic and autonomic factors that regulate cardiovascular function during static exercise (Fig. 1): (1) ATP and adenosine increase when metabolic demands exceed energy supply, and activate P2 and P1 receptors, respectively; (2) ATP (and adenosine?) then activates chemosensitive fibres that contribute to the EPR; (3) the resultant sympathetic activation leads to systemic vasoconstriction, increased blood pressure and improved perfusion pressure; and (4) locally, metabolic vasodilatation and 'functional sympatholysis' protect the exercising muscle from systemic vasoconstriction, and adenosine can contribute to both actions. ATP is coreleased with noradrenaline upon sympathetic stimulation and is converted in the synapse to adenosine, which can then activate presynaptic P1 receptors inhibiting further release of noradrenaline.

Figure 1

Potential purinergic pathways modulating the exercise pressor reflex

We emphasize that this is simply a hypothesis, proposed with the hope of stimulating research in this area.


When a power transformer is energized, the resulting inrush current can cause a differential relay to issue a false trip signal. Traditionally, the second harmonic content of the inrush current has been used as a form of pattern recognition to distinguish between this current and legitimate internal fault current. Other forms of pattern recognition have been suggested, particularly one in which the extensive horizontal or flat section of the inrush waveform is used as the distinguishing feature. In this paper, these two methods are compared, for a wide variety of conditions, including asymmetrical current transformer saturation, for which the waveshape is quite similar to that of inrush current. It is concluded that the flat section method may have an advantage over the second harmonic method of restraint.


The Shenzhen University 1 # bridge adopt the double deck steel truss web prestressed concrete composite structure.The main structure of the space radiation concrete filled steel tubular piers can improve the beam flexure and torsion resisting performance without diaphragm condition.Steel truss web is an integral combination of nodes,using Twin-PBL bonding shear stud combination connection.Full bridge is prestressed by tri-directional steel wires.The upper and lower decks use both longitudinal and transverse prestressing to ensure the overall performance of structure,and a cantilever composite structure is formed;the triangular steel pipe concrete truss chord is prestressed to reduce the tensile bar stress,enhance the node connection,and satisfy the main beam shear demand in the absence of external prestressing.The main bridge is assembled without construction formwork.For the main bridge structure,Midas / Civil 2010 finite element analysis program was used for analysis.The results show that,the space radiation concrete filled steel tubular piers and the monolithic composite node stay in the elastic state;the first order natural frequency of the main beam is 1.13 Hz,the whole structure has good stiffness;the eigenvalue of the first order buckling is 74.6,indicating good structure stability.


Routing is one of the key issues in IP networks. However, few methods exist to optimize the routing for a particular network. Most e ort is invested to improve the routing protocols itself. In this work a possibility to specify appropriate values for the link costs of a given network with linear programs is presented. The obtained link costs can be directly translated into values suitable for the metrics of the two currently most important routing protocols EIGRP and OSPF in today's Internet. With this method a homogeneous distribution of tra c in IP-based networks can be achieved.


Abstract Individual cow milk production data from simulated herds were used in a classroom exercise to illustrate variability of milk production within and among cows and to explain evaluation procedures for lactations in progress. Students entered data on Dairy Herd Improvement forms, and the Washington State University Computing Center processed the data in its standard program. The synthesis of dates calved and the pre- and postdating of test days in relation to class sessions, provided a 3-test-day study. Cows ranged from 61 to 91 days in lactation upon completion of the study. Four class sessions were required. The influence of test day, a comparison of official DHI and alternate AM-PM plans, and the effect of selection based upon a 1-day sampling of production were observed in problems assigned to pairs or trios of students. Amounts of feed required, feed cost, milk income, and early lactation reproduction phenomena were introduced to show computer capability. Herds of 12 cows were of sufficient size for illustration.


A novel method for vehicle detection and tracking, which is capable to correctly detect and track vehicle headlights in rural and urban areas is presented. The detection procedure does not require image thresholding, or other preprocessing, which is commonly used in other methods, thus offering robustness and performance. A tracking method based on Joint Probability Data Association Filter (JPDAF) efficiently associates object detections with existing tracks and provides a track management system. The method deals with object appearance and disappearance and can handle false detections introduced by the frame-based detector.


Chemoprevention is a promising and relatively new approach to cancer prevention that has precedence in cardiology, in which cholesterol lowering antihypertensive, and antiplatelet agents are administered to prevent coronary heart disease in high-risk individuals [1]. Chemoprevention can be defined as "the use of natural or synthetic chemical compounds to reverse, suppress or to prevent one or more of the biological events leading to the development of invasive cancer"


Genentech was testing a drug candidate targeting lung tissue, and the data didn't add up. Data from cell-based assays suggested that the drug was potent, and analyses of ground-up tissue suggested that plenty of drug was reaching the lung. But the agent wasn't consistently producing the expected effect in animals. So the project team asked Sheerin K. Shahidi-Latham, head of imaging mass spectrometry at Genentech, for help. Her team used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS to acquire images of the compound's distribution in lung tissue and find out where the drug was going. They took images at different time points with different drug formulations and different routes of administration. They even tried different drugs to make sure the problem wasn't compound-specific. "We found that the route of administration and the formulation influenced the distribution of the drug in the lung and whether it reached the target tissue," Shahidi-Latham says.


Background: Periodontitis is one of periodontal disease, which is an infection or inflammation of the periodontal tissues. Periodontitis patients exhibit risk of the number of fibrinogen circulation. Enhacement of fibrinogen levels is associated with systemic inflammation. The enhancement in blood eases erythrocytes and platelets aggregation. This condition was suspected that inflamation accompanied the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and platelet aggregation. Objective: To identify platelet aggregation level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in periodontitis rat models. Materials and Methods: The animal models were divided into 4 groups: control group, P1 group with treatment for 14 days, P2 group for 21 days of treatment and P3 group for 28 days of treatment. Animal models were treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis injection and wire ligature at the left lower jaw in order to experience periodontitis. Platelet aggregation was observed by spectrophotometric and microscopic methods, while erythrocyte sedimentation rate used westegren method. Results and conclusions: There was significant increase the number of platelet aggregation and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in periodontitis rat models.


Web Conveyor used in the processing of plastic films and other materials is a large-scale system consisting of multiple drive rolls, and it is difficult to understand the system characteristics during driving. This paper proposes a database-driven control scheme based on the FRIT scheme to implement motor control of this conveyor without system identification. To reduce the computational cost, the concept of database design based on similarity is introduced. The web conveyor's operating output can quickly achieve a reference signal, because it can be based on a database that holds operational data


-Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylato- 2 O 1 :O 4 )bis-[aqua-bis-2-(aminomethyl) pyridine- 2 N,N') nickel (II)] decahydrate, [Ni 2 ( amp ) 4 ( btc )(H 2 O) 2 ] 10H 2 O has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the Monoclinic space group P 2 1 / n with cell dimensions a= 11.0102 (10) Å, b= 21.5416 (19) Å, c= 11.0445 (10) Å and = 118.753 (1)°, and two formula units per cell (Z= 2, Z'= 0.5). The structure consists of centrosymmetric dimeric units in which the benzene tetracarboxylate anions ( btc ) bridge the symmetry–related nickel (II) cations, two bidentate chelating molecules of 2-(aminomethyl) pyridine and a terminal aqua ligand completing the six-fold coordination at each metal. These dimers link to each other via H-bonding to form chains parallel to [100], while the water solvates form a strongly bound 2D network parallel to (100), made up by small (R 44 (8) ) and large (R 2020 (40)) rings, the latter ones "pierced" by the chains of dimmers, with a profuse H-bonding interconnection between both substructures. Magnetic susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature disclose weak interdimeric exchange interactions. Fitting of these data to a dimeric model yields J= -3.5 cm -1 and g= 2.13.


Although obesity research has traditionally focused on the role of diet and exercise, the unique contribution of sedentary behaviour (e.g. sitting or lying down) has received increasing attention in recent years. In particular, television (TV) viewing has been frequently associated with weight gain in both children and adults independent of other risk factors including baseline BMI and physical activity levels. Like TV watching, sleep is an activity characterised by prolonged periods of reduced energy expenditure. Yet accumulating evidence suggests that adequate sleep protects against obesity, while short sleep duration is prospectively associated with increases in both total and abdominal adiposity in adults and children. These contrasting lines of evidence suggest that if an individual is planning to spend an afternoon on the couch, they are better off asleep than watching TV. While the above may seem like an odd public health message, it is nonetheless supported by a growing body of research suggesting that TV viewing and sleep have contrasting effects on energy balance and weight maintenance. TV viewing burns energy at a slower rate than most other waking activities, which may initially seem like the most probable mechanism explaining its association with excess weight gain. However, a meta-analysis has reported only minor associations between TV viewing and moderate or vigorous physical activity in children and youth, suggesting that TV viewing does not displace high-intensity exercise in this age group. Further, it has been reported that the relationship between TV viewing and adiposity is not mediated by physical activity energy expenditure. It is worth noting that it is also entirely possible for an individual to accumulate large amounts of TV time while still exceeding physical activity guidelines. Although the relationship between TV viewing and energy expenditure is not yet conclusively understood, most available evidence suggests that it may be energy intake, rather than expenditure, that largely accounts for the relationship between TV viewing and weight gain. TV viewing has been linked to increased food intake in both prospective and intervention studies. This may be partially due to exposure to food advertisements, which often promote unhealthy dietary habits, and may prime individuals for future food intake. A recent intervention study by Harris et al. has reported that exposure to food advertisements increased subsequent food intake by roughly 30 and 45 % in adults and children, respectively. TV viewing also provides opportunities for snacking, and is associated with an increased intake of high-energy foods and passive overconsumption. Intervention studies that impose a reduction in TV viewing among children have consistently reported reductions in body weight, which may be moderated through reductions in food intake. These findings suggest that TV viewing has a relatively strong positive association with food intake in both adults and children. As with TV viewing, people burn energy slowly while asleep. Reducing time spent sleeping could therefore theoretically provide an individual with more opportunities for increased energy expenditure. Nevertheless, some evidence suggests that partial sleep deprivation may actually be associated with decreased energy expenditure through fatigue-related reductions in physical activity and lowered body temperature. This remains controversial, however, as more recent studies have found little evidence linking partial sleep deprivation to changes in total energy expenditure, RMR or physical activity. Thus, as with TV viewing, available evidence suggests that energy expenditure is not the primary mechanism linking insufficient sleep with increased adiposity. Current evidence suggests that sleep duration is negatively associated with both acute and chronic food intake. Sleep restriction is known to increase food intake in both human subjects and animal models, and seems to predispose individuals towards increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fats and carbohydrates. These effects on food intake are probably related to changes in homeostatic (e.g. hormonal) and/or hedonic (e.g. reward-seeking) feeding behaviour. Insufficient sleep may increase the homeostatic drive to eat, as short-duration sleepers are known to have increased levels of ghrelin, reduced levels of leptin and altered glucose homeostasis. Short sleep duration may also increase the rewarding value of food, which suggests that food intake could also be increased through non-homeostatic mechanisms. Finally, reduced sleep may simply offer individuals increased opportunities for energy intake. This impact may be especially strong when extra waking hours are spent watching TV, which may further stimulate food intake. Collectively, this evidence suggests that inadequate British Journal of Nutrition (2012), 108, 946–947 q The Authors 2012


The aim of the research work is to quantify interaction between phenanthrene with modified humic acids in aquatic environment. The changes in the structure and properties of humic acids after modifications were studied with 1H NMR spectroscopy and potentiometric titration methods. Our research demonstrates that the application of thiourea as a modified agent increases the binding capacity of humic acids towards phenanthrene.


Objective To study the anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide with different concentrations on subcutaneously transplanted human cervical carcinoma(HCC) cell(Hela cell line) in nude mice and their action and mechanism. Methods A tumor model of human HCC was created by subcutaneous inoculation of 4×106 Hela cells into nude mice.The mice were randomized to low-(1.0 mg/kg),medium-(2.5 mg/kg),and high-dose arsenic trioxide(5.0 mg/kg) group,saline group and DDP group.The mice in each group received intraperitoneal injection of the drug for 10 days,and were sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection and tissue specimen was obtained.Tumor inhibition rate was calculated,the apoptosis rate detected with flow cytometry,the relative expression of caspase-3 gene was determined with RT-PCR.Immunohistochemistry SP method was adopted to detect the expression of phosphorylated extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase(pERK). Results Compared with saline group,the mice in arsenic trioxide groups and DDP group showed significant inhibition in the growth of the transplanted tumor(F=39.14,P0.05).The apoptotic peak was observed in all three arsenic groups with the apoptosis rates being 17.89%,17.19% and 18.52% for the high-,medium-and low-dose groups,respectively.The expression of caspase-3 in arsenic groups was significantly higher than that of the saline group(F=8.76,q=3.06-5.81,P0.05),while the expression of pERK was lower. Conclusion Arsenic trioxide showed obvious inhibition on the growth of transplanted HCC cells.The inhibitory action is related to the up-regulation of caspase-3 expression which induces apoptosis,down-regulation of pERK expression and inhibition of MAPK signal transducting system.


Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease targeting against aquaporin 4 (AQP4), localized mainly at the astrocytic foot processes. We previously reported the loss of AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and the relative preservation of myelin sheaths in NMO lesions, especially at the perivascular areas where complement and immunoglobulin were deposited, suggesting the primary astrocytopathy by anti-AQP4 antibody and complement. However, it remains to be elucidated whether there is any other specific mechanism inducing aquaporin astrocytopathy in NMO and other acute demyelinating diseases. Here, our data show that active lesions in NMO display a wide spectrum of pathology, even within a single tissue block of an individual patient. We have distinguished six different lesion types with the alteration of astrocyte-related proteins, such as AQP4. The first reflects complement deposition at the surface and feet of astrocytes, associated with granulocyte infiltration and astrocyte necrosis (lesion type 1), and followed by demyelination, global tissue destruction and the formation of cystic, necrotic lesions (lesion type 2). Such destructive lesions lead to Wallerian degeneration in lesion -related tracts (lesion type 3). Around active NMO lesions, AQP4 might selectively be lost in the absence of loss of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) or other structural damage (lesion type 4). Another pattern is characterized by clasmatodendrosis of astrocytes, defined by cytoplasmic swelling and vacuolation, beading and dissolution of their processes and nuclear alterations resembling apoptosis, which was associated with internalization of AQP4 and AQP1, and astrocyte apoptosis in the absence of complement activation (Fig. 1). Such lesions give rise to extensive astrocyte loss, which can occur in part in the absence of any other tissue injury, such as demyelination or axonal degeneration (lesion type 5). Finally, lesions with a variable degree of astrocyte clasmatodendrosis are found with patchy loss of AQP4, which show plaque-like primary demyelination that is associated with oligodendrocyte apoptosis, but with preservation of axons (lesion type 6). In active multiple sclerosis lesions, astrocytes show changes of reactive protoplasmic or fibrillary gliosis. Only in a subset of lesions, in patients with aggressive disease, is loss of AQP4 observed in the initial stage of their formation, which is associated with retraction of astrocyte processes in the absence of complement deposition, granulocyte infiltration, or loss of AQP1 or astrocytes. Our data underline the primary assault of astrocytes in NMO lesions, but our data show that different mechanisms of tissue injury are operating in parallel in the same patient and lesion. Especially, like ischemia, the clasmatodendrosis (Fig.1) is likely to be involved in the lesion formation of NMO.


Abstract A series of 31 side-chain-modified analogs of cholesterol, zymosterol, lanosterol, and cycloartenol and the steroidal alkaloids solasodine and solanidine were studied as inhibitors of ( S )-adenosyl- l -methionine:Δ 24(25) sterol methyl transferase (SMT) enzyme activity from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two classes of sterol methylation inhibitors were tested: substrate analogs, including mechanism-based inhibitors, and transition state analogs. Several novel sterol methylation inhibitors that contained an aza, aziridine, or ammonium group in the sterol side chain were prepared and tested for the first time. The degree and kinetic pattern of methylation inhibition were found to be influenced by the position and nature of the variant functional group introduced into the side chain. The most potent inhibitors of SMT enzyme activity were transition state analog inhibitors ( K i values of 5 to 10 n m ) that mimicked the structure and conformation of the natural substrate presumed to form in the ternary complex generated in the transition state. Steroidal alkaloids were potent competitive inhibitors with K i values ranging from 2 to 30 μ m , which is about the K m app of zymosterol, ca. 27 μ m . An isosteric analog of the natural substrate, zymosterol, in which the 26/27-gem-dimethyl groups were joined to form a cyclopropylidene function is shown to be a potent irreversible mechanism-based inactivator of SMT enzyme activity that exhibits competitive-type inhibition, K i 48 μ m with a K inact of 1.52 min −1 . Mechanistic implications of these results provide new insights into the topology of the ternary complex involving sterol–AdoMet–enzyme.


Objection:To investigate the MRI and 31P-MRS features of lipid storage myopathy (LSM),and evaluate their clinical application values.Methods:6 cases of LSM confirmed by pathologic biopsy and 17 normal volunteers as control were performed MRI and 31P-MRS examinations. Results:Posterior muscle group and medialis muscle group displayed hyperintensity on T1WI and T2WI in all patients,and attenuated signal intensity on T2WI with fat saturation.Compared with the control group,PCr,PCr/ATP and phosphorylation potential (PP) of the LSM group obviously decreased (P0.05),but ADP,Pi,Pi/ATP,Pi/PCr markedly increased (P0.05),PH has no significant difference between LSM and control group.Conclusion:MRI with 31P-MRS can be helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of LSM.


The basic laws of change of properties of the residues of a stage of regeneration of the cobalt catalyst of butyl alcohols manufacture are investigated. The opportunity of reception of secondary plasticizing agents (Plasta) and corrosion inhibitors is shown. The optimum parameters of process are determined.


Abstract In this paper, the classical Jordan's inequality is studied once again, a new sharpened and generalized version of Jordan's inequality is given by means of polynomial representation, and the result thus derived is then used to obtain several substantially more refined inequalities of Jordan type. Finally, an application of the results presented in this paper toward the improvement of the Yang Le inequality is considered.


Magnesium, uranium, and some of their alloys' burning temperatures have been systematically determined in an air or carbon dioxide atmosphere, either dry or wet. Two different ways of heating have been used: either continuously raising the temperature or heating to and then maintaining a constant temperature. The results are clearly different in the two cases. Besides, if moisture has little effect on the magnesium burning temperatures in air, it does lower them by about 130 to 140 deg C in CO/sub 2/. The differences of sight between the burning of magnesium and uranium have been noticed; this leads to distinguish between an "ignition" and an "inflammation." (auth)


In this paper, we propose a novel approach for scalable video delivery over multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems with MAXMIN fairness ensured. Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is efficient for rate adaptation and unequal protection in wireless networks where heterogeneous mobile clients have different hardware specifications and time-varying channel conditions. Using the scalability characteristics of SVC, we propose a general approach to ensure fairness for multiple scalable video downlink from a multiple-antenna base station. The fairness is achieved by packet priority analysis referring to layer dependency from application layer and a MAXMIN resource allocation at the physical layer. Based on packet priorities, time-frequency resource, power and modulation schemes are adaptively selected for transmission. This scheme significantly improves the overall system performance and guarantee fairness among users, as demonstrated by experimental comparisons with conventional radio resource allocation schemes.