Background. Research has suggested an upward trend in the number of cannabis-related adverse events in Colorado since legalization of recreational cannabis in 2014. This was supported by an increase in the number emergency department (ED) visits for acute cannabis intoxication, misuse, unintentional ingestion, dependence, and/or addiction. Because California legalized recreational cannabis in 2018, we aimed to examine the patterns of cannabis use, misuse, and dependence with psychiatric or anxiety disorder diagnoses in California from 2015 to 2018. Methods. General population data and self-reported data on cannabis users in California from 2015 through 2018 were collected from US- and California-based databases. ED visits resulting in cannabis-related acute psychosis diagnoses were identified using ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes. A simple linear regression was performed to assess for trends. Results. The number of self-reported cannabis users in California has increased each year since 2015, according to US-based data. Moreover, cannabis-related acute psychosis diagnoses have increased since 2015 in California specifically. Conclusions. This exploratory analysis highlights the increase in psychiatric diagnoses associated with cannabis use, especially during an era of legalizing recreational cannabis. Given the increase in cannabis-related ED visits associated with acute psychosis, it would be fiscally and socially beneficial to develop specific therapies to reduce the time spent in EDs and to decrease the number of hospitalizations due to improper use.


The influence of traditional concrete bank protection on the ecological environment of rivers is described briefly.The application of three-dimensional vegetation net bank protection and vegetation-type ecological concrete bank protection in Tianjin river regulation is introduced.The key points in quality control of the two technologies and the problems needing attention in their application are analyzed.The further application of ecological bank protection in the regulation of urban rivers is discussed.


Article History: Received 5, January, 2015 Received in revised form 12, January, 2015 Accepted 6, February, 2015 Published online 28, February, 2015 The present study mainly focuses on the study of indigenous knowledge for treating skin disease in some selected districts of Chhattisgarh. A total of 34 species belonging to 24 families were recorded. Majority of the plant species described in the present paper was used in the treatment of Abscess, Boils, Burn treatment, Cuts, wounds, Eczema, Itching, Leprosy, Ring worm, Scabies, Skin disease, Chicken-pox and pimples. Most of the herbal remedies were taken externally in the form of paste. All these plants and plant parts need to be evaluated through phyto and pharmacochemical investigations to discover their potentiality as drugs. There is an urgent need to explore and document the ethnomedicinal plants used by the tribal and other communities of Chhattisgarh before such valuable knowledge vanishes.


Socio-Acoustic Survey Data Archive (SASDA), established in 2011 under the Institute of Noise Control Engineering, Japan, is a data archive that accumulates social survey data on community responses to environmental noise throughout Japan. Exposure–response relationships and community tolerance level (Lct), which is described in the latest version of ISO 1996-1, were calculated for each SASDA dataset. Among the noise sources, road traffic had the highest mean Lct value, followed by conventional railways, high-speed railways, civil aircraft, and military aircraft, in descending order. Additionally, the Lct values for road traffic and conventional railway noises decreased by about 5 dB and 10 dB, respectively, from 1994 to 2004. Differences of annoyance scales and/or decreasing of response rate may be possible explanations for this temporal trend, but future work is needed to comprehensively investigate possible causes. Furthermore, mean Lct values for each noise source were compared with results from previous studies based on surveys conducted in western countries and Vietnam. Overall, mean Lct values derived from the SASDA were lower than those in previous studies. INTRODUCTION Community tolerance level, Lct, is defined in ISO 1996-1:2016 [1] as the day-night sound level at which 50% of the people in a particular community are predicted to be highly annoyed by noise exposure. The Lct parameter is typically used to account for differences among sources and/or communities when predicting the percentage of individuals highly annoyed by noise exposure. Fidell et al. [2] calculated the values of Lct for aircraft noise using data derived from social surveys conducted from the 1960s to the 2000s, and they presented the distribution and mean values of Lct among the surveys. Similarly, Schomer et al. [3] calculated Lct values for road traffic and railway noises, and Gjestland et al. [4] reported the results of Lct comparisons between western countries and Vietnam for road traffic and aircraft noises. In the present study, in order to examine differences in annoyance responses among noise sources in Japan and compare the results with previous studies, exposure–response relationships and Lct were estimated using datasets derived from the Socio-Acoustic Survey Data Archive (SASDA), and


This article presents a study of the effects that an UHF (Ultra High Frequency) Passive RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag suffers when inserted on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board). The normal tags when are glued to electronic boards, they suffer from degradation in performance due to the presence of the metals plans and the respective traces and vias present in the electronics projects. The objective of this study is to identify the main features that should be considered in RFID UHF tags projects designs on printed circuit boards and develop a method to insert UHF RFID tags on PCBs. It was used here a folded dipole. First of all, it is shown the designs performance out of the PCB, without metals planes, traces and vias interference. After the design modeling, it was carried out simulations on CST to optimize the projects for one and two layers PCBs, working with the thickness of the cooper and the PCBs dielectric, the tag position on the PCB and the antennas parameters to attain impedance matching with IC (Integrated Circuit). Finally, it was manufactured one and two layers PCBs with the RFID tags to test in anechoic RF chamber. The results show that if the antenna design was developed with the methods described on this study, the strong influence of the PCB metals parts on tags performance will be reduced significantly and the manufacture of RFID tags on electronics boards become possible.


Abstract Waterpipe tobacco smoking carries adverse health consequences due to high level of chemical toxicants. This study investigated the anthropometric measurements of singleton newborns of Jordanian women with no known chronic diseases who smoked waterpipe during pregnancy, and the difference in these measurements in newborns of pregnant women who smoked waterpipe, cigarettes, both types, and none during pregnancy. The study also investigated the pattern of different types of tobacco smoking as a function of pregnancy trimester. A descriptive, comparative, retrospective, cross-sectional design was used. Two hundred and eight-five women (74 waterpipe, 84 cigarettes, 26 dual, 101 none) and their newborns were recruited from three hospitals. A questionnaire was used while interviewing mothers to assess tobacco smoking pattern. The results showed that compared with non-smokers, mean birth weight was 0.47 kg (95%CI = −0.70 to −0.35) lower for waterpipe-only smokers, 0.23 kg (95%CI = −0.41 to −0.8) lower for cigarette-only users, and 0.59 kg (95%CI = −0.81 to −0.31) lower for dual users. Compared to non-smokers, mean newborn length was 2.7 cm (95%CI = −3.80 to −1.42) lower for dual smokers, 2.2 cm (95%CI = −3.28 to −1.58) lower for waterpipe smokers, and 1.2 cm (95%CI = −2.01 to −0.45) lower for cigarette smokers. Compared with non-smokers, mean newborn head circumference was 1.9 cm (95%CI = −2.72 to −1.65) lower for waterpipe smokers, 1.7 cm (95%CI = −2.65 to −1.16) lower for dual smokers, and 0.8 cm (95%CI= −1.34 to −0.36) lower for cigarette smokers. From these results, we may conclude that waterpipe tobacco smoking during pregnancy can contribute to a reduction in newborn's anthropometric measurements. Increasing awareness of waterpipe tobacco smoking adverse effects and developing cessation interventions in pregnancy is needed.


The second edition of this revolutionary sourcebook is guaranteed to change the way people travel and to save them hundreds of dollars. Photos and drawings.


In a recent study of morphologic traits of the dentitions of the Skolt Lapps of northern Finland, an unusual character was noted in a considerable number of those examined. The character gave a bulging appearance to the lingual aspect of buccal cusps of premolars and mesiobuccal cusps of molars (Fig 1). The bulging area usually was bordered by well-developed supplemental grooves, which were clearly visible to the tip of the cusp. A proximal view shows the strong convexity and bulging (Fig 2), which makes these cusps easy to distinguish from normal cusps. Occasionally the supplemental grooves separate the bulging region from the tip of cusp, and thus two cusp tips can be observed (Fig 3). The trait occurs symmetrically in dentitions, most frequently in second premolars and first molars. Also, first premolars and second molars often have the trait; it is less frequent in the third molar. Sometimes the canine has extra bulging just lingual of the cusp tip. No frequencies have been calculated yet, but it seems as if the trait is slightly more common in the maxillary teeth than in the mandibular teeth. Since the supply of extracted intact teeth was limited, only one "affected" premolar and one molar could be used for preparing endocasts. The dentin crowns did not show any extra bulging in the corresponding regions (Fig 4). The trait should not be confused with the occlusal enamel pearl (V. ALEXANDURSEN and A. A. DAHILBERG, IADR Prograim and Abstracts of Papers, No. 372, 1967) or the premolar cone (C. S. COON, Tihe Origin of Races, 1962, pp 356-357). Nor is it a result of enamel wear, since it can be seen in erupting teeth that have not yet reached occlusion. Discussions with other workers suggest that the trait may be common in other nothern populations. However, the mode of expression in the dentition, and the high frequency in the Skolt Lapps, clearly calls for more detailed population genetic studies.


The implementation of infrastructure development in the marine and fisheries sector is faced with the challenge of realizing the integration between national policies through the potential, problems, or needs in the regions as outlined in society-based plans. The interest of the Indonesian government to develop Natuna Regency as a fishery industrial zone is related to potential resources that can still be optimized and has a strategic water as a border area, making it prone to illegal fishing cases by neighboring countries. Based on that, the purpose of this study is to examine the development of Natuna Regency as a fishery industrial zone. The analysis was carried out qualitatively with a case study approach and discussed descriptively. The parameters used to measure the readiness of Natuna Regency as a fishery industrial zone are: 1) government policy and governance; 2) fish resources utilization and spatial planning; 3) infrastructure; 4) community empowerment and business; 5) institutional; 6) technology. The result showed: 1) aspects of the development pillars that have been assessed as supporting Natuna Regency to become a fishery industrial zone; 2) the impact of fishery industrial development policies can increase economic activity in Natuna Regency; 3) the Natuna's Regency appointment as a fishery industrial zone by the Indonesian government is the right policy.


ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception and knowledge of caregivers of children with microcephaly on oral health care. Methods: This is a qualitative study with a research-action method, in which semi-structured interviews - diagnostic and evaluative - and oral health workshop were adopted as techniques for data collection and intervention.The study was conducted in a group aimed at caregivers of children with microcephaly, offered in the public health network of the capital Maceió, Alagoas. Nine women caring for children with microcephaly participated in the study. The participants statements were transcribed and, through the thematic analysis, the data was categorized and discussed. Results: The main caregivers of children with microcephaly were mothers and grandmothers. Of these, 45% had incomplete secondary education. Most reported self-care with their impaired oral health, were unaware of the risk of transmission of dental caries-related bacteria, did not offer exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age, and offered artificial milk to the children with sugared and farinaceous milk. Conclusion: For caregivers of children with microcephaly, oral health care is a less valuable topic when compared to other demands, both at home and other physical treatments. Responsibility for care is aimed at the maternal figures, which makes it difficult for them to take care of their own oral health. Educational action on oral health minimized doubts and fragilities for the self-care and care of children related to oral health.


A Vulcanization promoter for fluorine-containing elastomers prepared by (1) allowing 1.01 to 1.15 moles of a quaternary phosphonium Salt to react with one mole of monoalkali metal salt of bisphenol AF in alcohol, (2) allowing 2.02 to 2.30 moles of a quaternary phosphonium Salt to react with one mole of a dialkali metal salt of bisphenol AF in alcohol, (3) allowing one mole each of an alkali metal alkoxide and bisphenol AF to react with 1.01 to 1.15 moles of a quater nary phosphonium Salt in alcohol or (4) Subjecting one mole of bisphenol AF, 1.01 to 1.15 moles of a quaternary phos phonium Salt and one mole of an alkali metal alkoxide to reaction in alcohol, each followed by further addition of the bisphenol AF thereto, or (5) allowing 1.01 to 1.15 moles of a quaternary phosphonium Salt to react with one of 4alkali metal Salt of bisphenol AF in alcohol gives much more improved Vulcanization characteristics Such as Vulcanization Speed, etc. while maintaining advantageous properties Such as distinguished normal State physical properties as observed in case of Vulcanization promoters of bisphenol AF-quaternary phosphonium Salt Series.


Sexuality and leisure after stroke. W ith special reference to coping and rehabilitation. In Swedish, based upon five reports in the English language. Kerstin Sjögren, D epartm ent of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, U niversity of Umeå, S-901 85 Umeå, Sweden. Sexual life and leisure activities of former victims of one stroke w ith hemi plegia were investigated by means of structured interviews and were related to physiologic variables, to level of dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) as well as to feelings of stigm atization and depression. In 283 medical and para-m edical students sexual life and attitudes tow ards the sexuality of disabled persons were probed by a structured questionnaire. The m ajority of stroke victims, especially the males, had become dissatis fied, passively dependent spectators. The impoverishments of sexual and leisure repertoires were associated w ith degree of m otorand somesthetic impairment. Moreover, ADL-dependence was closely associated w ith deteriorations of both leisure activities and, especially, of sexual life. In contrast previously known arterial hypertension, m yocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus all caused little or no post-stroke sexual and leisure changes, conceiveably because of pre-stroke established passivity. In the males the pituitary-gonadal axis functioned norm ally and the site of brain lesion was not found to influence sexuality. Occurrence of general stigm atization was common and was associated w ith dissatisfying decrease in leisure activities. Frequency of sexual dysfunction increased m arkedly after the stroke, especially for the males. W hile partner-bound sexual drive and com m uni cation decreased, general sexual drive appeared to be unaltered post-stroke. Sexual perform ance-orientation and stigma appeared to influence several aspects of sexual life negatively. Most health-care students felt, at least to some extent, sexually dissatisfied. Sexual dysfunction(s) were not uncommon and occurrence of sexual spectatoring was associated w ith perform ance-orientated attitudes. Degree of alienation towards the disabled as sexual beings co-variated w ith degree of perform ance-orientation. The very common maladaptations to sexual life and to active leisure in subjects with one stroke and hemiplegia/hemiparesis is discussed within the framework of psycho-biologic and psycho-social coping. It is suggested that the frustrating passiveness is accomplished by the patients' insufficient own coping resourses and by insufficient support and understanding from significant others. Therefore, many stroke victims have not been able to reidentify as healthy, yet other, but have regressed into focussed illness-behaviour.


Presentation by Jerome Lord, Montana Department of Labor and Industry, from the Integrity on a Shoestring: Low-Cost Solutions that Have Helped States Move the Needle on Integrity workshop about how...


Tahuna Island is a border area which has an opportunity to create a coorperation with neighbour countries in Asia Pasific. It is also a nothem gate as an entrance and exit-way of cargoes and passengers. Tahuna also to be a front porch of the unitary state of The Republic of Indonesia as well as a security belt in nothern area and according to government regulation No. 28/2008, it becomes a regency capital that stated as center of national strategy activities and economic development area that has come facilities to support economic, development area that has some facilities to support economic development, social, culture and education. Sea Transportation to serve Manado and Tahuna is operated ever day, in order to attract national tourist visiting this island. So that, the author will access the efficiency of this transportation and carry out research whose topic is connectivity of Tahuna Island to big cities in Indonesia with regarding transportation of passenger aspect. Keyword : connectivity, transportation, Tahuna Island


Abstract : Increasingly  rapid  development of  the  internet is  also followed by rapid technological developments. Now almost all walks of life have a smartphone,  computer tables and other mobile devices. Mobile devices are no longer a luxury, no w the device has become a necessity and a tool to support the activities. Moreover, mobile devices are able to make an internet connection which is equivalent to a personal computer, so it can be a multifunction device. Th e   aim   of   the   research   is   to   design   and   build applications broadcasting system Rome Club Indonesia Regional Information Semarang with bulk SMS system with models wearing their use of the mobile phone WAP browser. Dissemination of information via SMS can be done by the coordinator and liaison RCIRS. The difference is added to the information activities coordinator will only be delivered via SMS to the management ranks RCIRS while activity information submitted by the public relations department RCIRS  will be delivered  via  SMS  to all members RCIRS. Members can check information via SMS by using keywords (keywords) that is sent to the SMS server number and will immediately get a reply (reply) SMS in accordance with the key word. For example, to check the status of RCIRS membership, members can send an SMS with the keyword "info". The downside of making this application is in its required to use the SMS server on a computer / laptop that is connected to the SMS modem and modem internet. Kata Kunci : Broadcasting system, roma club semarang, SMS


The use of cascade heat pumps for hot water generation has gained much attention in recent times. The big question that has attracted much research interest is how to enhance the performance and energy saving potential of these cascade heat pumps. This study therefore proposed a new cycle to enhance performance of the cascade heat pump by adopting an auxiliary heat exchanger (AHX) in desuperheater, heater and parallel positions at the low stage (LS) side. The new cascade cycle with AHX in desuperheater position was found to have better performance than that with AHX at heater and parallel positions. Compared to the conventional cycle, heating capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) of the new cascade cycle with AHX in desuperheater position increased up to 7.4% and 14.9% respectively.


Pediatric brain tumors including medulloblastomas and ATRTs are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Much of this morbidity is due to conventional treatments: radiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic options to combat these devastating diseases. Immunotherapy has gained traction as a potential alternative to current treatments. Because many immunotherapies rely on the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and pediatric brain tumors have poorly defined antigen profiles, we pursued the development of natural killer (NK) cells, which don't require TAAs for their activity, to treat these malignancies. Our work shows that most medulloblastoma and ATRT cell lines are sensitive to NK cell lysis in vitro. Furthermore, both intratumoral NK cell injections as well as infusion at a distant site limit the medulloblastoma growth in mouse orthotopic xenograft models, indicating NK cell trafficking through the brain. These results have provided the foundation for a FDA-approved Phase I clinical trial to infuse NK cells directly into the fourth ventricle of patients who have undergone re-resection of infratentorial tumors. The trial is scheduled to enroll patients in February 2015. Interestingly, our pre-clinical data has also identified overexpression of a novel tumor-secreted immunosuppressive molecule, which was originally shown to confer cardio-protection following myocardial ischemia, in human ATRT samples, and its involvement in promoting resistance to NK cell-mediated lysis. In conclusion, our findings have paved the way for a first in pediatrics brain tumor immunotherapy trial that merges two cutting edge technologies: immunotherapy and loco-regional therapeutics delivery. Our study also offers a novel biomarker for predicting patient response to NK therapy.


Rollovers account for 10.5% of the first harmful events in fatal crashes and 19.5% of vehicles in fatal crashes had a rollover in the impact sequence. This overview chapter on rollover crash sensing and safety serves as the introduction to a comprehensive textbook on occupant and vehicle responses in rollovers. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of rollover crash safety, including field crash statistics, pre- and rollover dynamics, test procedures, and dummy responses. The chapter also describes a research program aimed at defining rollover sensing requirements to activate belt pretensioners, roof-rail airbags, and convertible pop-up rollbars. The work required an understanding of the most relevant conditions for field rollovers, vehicle responses, and occupant kinematics in the vehicle. The most common rollovers involve a soil trip, fall-over, and curb trip. The researchers used cross-plots of vehicle roll rate and angle to consider triggering requirements for safety systems and to determine the timing of occupant motion in the vehicle. Results show that some rollovers require triggering of safety systems when the vehicle has only a 10-20 deg. roll angle because roll angular velocities exceed 100 deg./sec. The authors also include a bibliography of relevant literature.


Introduction: Problems often arise after section Caesarea such as pain in the incision area. Pain will cause the patient to delay breastfeeding from start. In addition, the psychological impact of post-section Caesarea patients is anxiety when giving breast milk, causing milk to not come out. This study reports the exploration of postpartum mothers with ineffective breastfeeding.
Method: This method uses descriptive quantitative research through case reports. Participants were 2 post-section Caesarea patients on day 0 (Mrs. S and Mrs. M) who were treated at Lumajang Hospital, with lumbar anesthesia, had no history of infectious diseases, nipples did not protrude or flat, and were willing to be respondents with signed informed consent.
Result: The results of the study on the third day, the patient Mrs. S said the milk came out smoothly, the nipples stood out, and the baby was able to suckle. Patient Mrs. M breastfeeds smoothly and the nipples are slightly protruding and the baby can suckle. Breast care using the Hoffman technique is an effective intervention to treat mothers with ineffective nursing problems due to flat nipples.
Conclusion: Nursing problems are ineffective breastfeeding for patients seen from the condition of the patient's nipples and patient complaints, coupled with the Hoffman technique and other innovations so that nursing care provided can be resolved.


According to the published VP60 gene of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) two pairs of primers were designed for detecting RHDV by nested PCR assay.Firstly a 389 bp product was amplified and then used as template to perform the second amplification with the inner primers.With this nested PCR method,12 RHD samples have been detected for RHDV and all got the positive results.


Human action recognition is a quite popular yet challenging problem in computer vision discipline, especially in automatical human motion understanding. This paper introduces a novel approach based on the second generation Curvelet transform to get the eigenvector for representing the human action in static images. As an exceptional multi-resolution feature extraction technique, the second Curvelet transform offers enhanced directional and edge representation that shows nice competitiveness. During feature descriptor extraction, the silhouettes and texture statistical information are extracted from the coefficients as the edge and the texture features. All the extracted features are aligned as the hybrid eigenvector of a frame. Experimental evaluation is performed on the benchmark Weizmann database and a comparison with the other counterparts is made. Results show that our method is rather competitive in quantitative index such as accuracy rate, which exhibits the descriptor developed from the second generation Curvelet to be a promising representation for such visual recognition tasks.


Quickening the promotion of urbanization is one of the fundamental requirements for the economy of Jiangxi to prosper in the Midwest areas. The development of modernization is inseparable from the great development of urbanization. To develop the economy in Jiangxi, we should promote industrialization and urbanization, borrow the experience of development of the urbanization at home and abroad, make plans, regulate the industrial structure and township structure, strengthen management and take the road of urbanization with the features of Jiangxi.$$$$


This study aims to investigate the differences in humidity and energy consumption results between thermal and hygrothermal simulation models. A prototype city hall building in Thailand (which has hot humid climate) is simulated by EnergyPlus software. Different exterior wall types are compared for their effects on humidity and energy consumption of the building. In addition, advantage and disadvantage of different air conditioning operation measures during lunch hour are investigated. Results indicate that hygrothermal model calculates cooling energy consumption lower than that of thermal-only model ranging from 4.04% - 7.45%; aerated concrete walls consume less cooling energy than one and twolayered brick walls; when air conditioners are turned off during lunch hour, opening windows consumes more energy than closing windows.


The structure diagrams of air passenger flow network of China are plotted with NetDraw.From the perspective of structural characteristics,statistic characteristics,degree distribution,and network centrality,the paper analyzes the structure of air passenger flow in China from the year 2002 to 2008 using theory and methods of network.It provides quantitative reference and theoretical support for the development of air passenger transport of China.Results show that a city averagely has direct air links with other 12 cities and any city can be reached by transferring for 1.3 times in the network.A short average path length(about 2.3) and a high degree of clustering(above 0.7) shows that the network has the characteristic of small-world.The cumulative degree distribution obeys the two-regime power law which demonstrates the property of scale-free.The density of the network is extremely small and centrality is low.The development of air passenger network of China is un-balanced,showing a weight east and light west pattern.


When power control is used in a cellular network, the base station attempts to either directly or indirectly track the received power of the desired signal from a mobile. As the fading rate increases, the tracking ability of a direct-sequence code-division multiple-access system deteriorates, and the power-control accuracy declines. It is shown that a large performance degradation occurs when the instantaneous signal level cannot be accurately measured, even when the channel-code interleaving is perfect. An alternative that is assumed by many authors is to measure a long-term-average signal level that averages out the fast fading effects. However it is shown that this approach is less viable than attempting to track the instantaneous signal level even if the latter results in large errors.


The main purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of satisfaction and behavior in a residence hall. Furthermore, the study examines how consistent or different results of the present study are, compared to the previous one, done with another residence hall, in the same campus. The analysis was carried out by means of observation and questionnaire research designed for a residence hall at Hongik University, Chochiwon. A 5-story residence hall, recently constructed with the modified layout based on the result of the previous study, was chosen for the study. Among others, the results of the both studies consistently showed that lack of space in the residence unit was the most dissatisfied factor, in spite of the fact that a great majority of the students studied and spent leisure time in the unit. In addition, the present study indicated that the overall unit dimension must be increased due to the extended size of the table to carry personal computers that most students have in their residence units.


ACCORDING to the book of Joshua, the Israelites entered Canaan from the east, conquered the country and proceeded to settle in it, following the schema laid out by Joshua. Many scholars support the tradition of the Joshua conquest with the theory that the destruction levels, present in most Canaanite cities from the end of the Late Bronze Age, were the result of the incoming Israelites' warfare.1 However, it is impossible to draw such a conclusion from the archaeological data since the artifacts from this period do not substantially differ from those of the earlier epoch.2 In reality, the material of the so-called Early Iron I Age is much the same as that of the Late Bronze II period.3 This may support the argument that the Israelites were indigenous people in Canaan.4 Moreover, their hypothesis disregards the Egyptian campaigns carried out in Palestine by Ramses II, Merneptah, and Ramses III, as well as the possible warfare between Canaanite city states, banditry, incursions by early waves of "Sea Peoples," and such a common phenomenon as fire. Objections to the use of archaeological data to prove a destruction caused by the Israelites were raised by several scholars, including Martin Noth,5 James B. Pritchard,6 and Manfred Weippert.7 Although archaeology can tell us that the central hill country saw an increase in settlements around 1200 B.C., it has not been able to confirm that all these settlements were "Israelite." For example, some of the remains of excavated houses show a lay-out that resembles types from Abu Hawam and Tell Qasile.Y One might conclude, therefore, that groups of people entered the hill country not only from the east and south, but also


The question of $\mathrm{CP}$ violating phases and electric dipole moments (EDMs) for the electron ${(d}_{e})$ and the neutron ${(d}_{n})$ for supergravity models with nonuniversal soft breaking is considered for models with a light $(\ensuremath{\lesssim}1\mathrm{TeV})$ mass spectrum and R-parity invariance. As with models with universal soft breaking (MSUGRA) one finds that a serious fine-tuning problem generally arises for ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{0B}$ (the phase of the B soft breaking parameter at the GUT scale), if the experimental EDM constraints are obeyed and radiative breaking of ${\mathrm{SU}(2)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{U(1)}_{Y}$ occurs. A D-brane model where ${\mathrm{SU}(3)}_{C}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{U(1)}_{Y}$ is associated with one set of 5-branes and ${\mathrm{SU}(2)}_{L}$ with another intersecting set of 5-branes is examined, and the cancellation phenomena is studied over the parameter space of the model. Large values of ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{B}$ (the phase of B at the electroweak scale) can be accommodated, though again ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{0B}$ must be fine-tuned. Using the conventional prescription for calculating ${d}_{n},$ one finds the region in parameter space where the experimental EDM constraints on both ${d}_{e}$ and ${d}_{n}$ hold is significantly reduced, and generally requires $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\lesssim}5$ for most of the parameter space, though there are small allowed regions even for $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}10.$ We find that the Weinberg three gluon term generally makes significant contributions, and the results are sensitive to the values of the quark masses.


The externality exists in distribution transportation widely with negative impacts on the whole society. However, these negative external costs have hardly been considered in total cost of enterprise operations, which results in that the best solutions of distribution network for enterprises are usually not the best one for the whole society. This article studies the distribution network design with considering externality of transportation, firstly setting up a concept model and secondly putting the experience data to get different networks with different externality rates. The article further analyzes the results of distribution networks with different rates and recognizes that the valuation of externality rate is the key for distribution network design and the external costs should be brought into the social total cost to get the optimal network design.


Molecular orbital calculations were performed to estimate the 18O/16O and D/H isotopic reduced partition function ratios (rpfrs) of water molecules around magnesium and calcium ions. As model for water molecules in the ith hydration sphere of the cation in aqueous solutions containing that cation, we considered water molecules in the ith hydration sphere that were surrounded by water molecules in the (i+1)th hydration sphere in clusters, M2+(H2O)n (M = Mg or Ca; n up to 100). The calculations indicated that the decreasing order of the 18O preference over 16O in the primary hydration sphere is Mg2+ > Ca2+ > bulk water. That is, water molecules in the primary hydration spheres of the Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions are expected to be enriched in the heavier isotope of oxygen relative to water molecules in bulk, and the degree of the enrichment is larger for the Mg2+ ion than for the Ca2+ ion. No such preference was observed for hydrogen isotopes in any hydration sphere or for oxygen isotopes in the secondary and outer hydration spheres.


Floods are the most common and widely distributed natural risk, causing over £1 billion of damage per year in the UK as a result of recent events. Climatic projections predict an increase in flood risk; it becomes urgent to assess climate change impact on extreme flows, and evaluate uncertainties related to these projections. This paper aims to assess the changes in extreme runoff for the 1:100 year return period across Great Britain as a result of climate change using the Future Flows Hydrology database. The Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) and Generalised Pareto (GP) models are automatically fitted for 11‐member ensemble flow series available for the baseline and the 2080s. The analysis evaluates the uncertainty related to the Extreme Value (EV) and climate model parameters. Results suggest that GP and GEV give similar runoff estimates and uncertainties. From the baseline to the 2080s, increasing estimate and uncertainties is evident in east England. With the GEV the uncertainty attributed to the climate model parameters is greater than for the GP (around 60% and 40% of the total uncertainty, respectively). This shows that when fitting both EV models, the uncertainty related to their parameters has to be accounted for to assess extreme runoffs.


How do teams working on complex projects get the help they need? Our qualitative investigation of the help provided to project teams at a prominent design firm revealed two distinct helping process...


: Ethics committee approval was obtained for the research from the Ethics Committee of Sirnak University on 09.04.2021 (No:2021/32). The main purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between people's ecotourism awareness and their ecotourism perception, who living in Şırnak province. In this context, data were collected by questionnaire between April 10 and May 30, 2021 using the quantitative research method. Data were collected through WhatsApp, Facebook, e-mail, and face-to-face interviews. The population of the research consists of local people and people residing in Şırnak province for at least 5 years over the age of 18. The sample of the research is people living in Şırnak province (421 participants) who participated in the research representing the universe. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a high-level positive linear relationship between awareness regarding meaning of ecotourism with ecotourism perception. In addition, it was determined that there is a low level of the positive linear relationship between awareness regarding meaning of ecotourism with awareness regarding applicable ecotourism activities, and between awareness regarding applicable ecotourism activities with ecotourism perception. Also, it was determined that the results of the regression analysis also supported these results.


High voltage substation equipment has been vulnerable to earthquake events. Substation equipment performance during earthquakes can also be affected by the dynamic interaction between equipments components. This paper first briefly summarizes the performance of substation equipment during recent earthquakes in the United States. Thereafter, the results of an experimental investigation of the dynamic interaction between components of electrical substation equipment interconnected by rigid bus conductors are presented. Shake table tests were conducted on five different pairs of generic substation equipment specimens interconnected by three different rigid bus assemblies. All connectors tested exhibit stable hysteretic behavior with various degrees of energy dissipation capacity. The first connectors incorporates a spring dissipates energy through yielding and generated the highest forces among the connectors tested, and generally caused an amplification of the dynamic response of one of the interconnected equipment components. The second connector includes a bus slider that dissipates energy through friction and generated lower forces than the spring connector did. Its high damping capacity, however, systematically reduced the dynamic response of interconnected equipment components. Finally, a special seismic connector that incorporates three flexural vertical aluminum cables generated the lowest forces. Its minimal damping capacity, however, resulted in higher equipment dynamic response than with the bus slider.


This research is a historical research with a qualitative approach, the main problem is the method of historical field trips to increase learning motivation and historical awareness of the History students, FKIP Unbari. The formulation of the problem proposed is why the method of field trips to historical sites can increase learning motivation and awareness of student history and how students can utilize historical sites that are visited as sources of historical learning. The purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between the field trip method and the increase in student motivation and historical awareness, and describe the function of the historical sites visited through the field trip method for students. Furthermore, the method used is the historical method, consists of heuristic stages (collection of sources), criticism (source verification becomes the primary source and secondary sources), interpretation (the relationship of all sources and give sorurce assessment), and historiography (final writing of research). The conclusion of the research is that the variation of methods when studying history is one aspect that lecturers must pay attention to in order to achieve an active, creative, effective, and enjoyable learning goal (PAKEM). Therefore, if students undergo saturation and boredom during studying in the classroom, lecturers must be dare to try innovative learning methods such as the field trip method by visiting historical sites according to the material in a particular subject.


Physically informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising emerging method for solving differential equations. As in many other deep learning approaches, the choice of PINN design and training protocol requires careful craftsmanship. Here, we suggest a comprehensive theoretical framework that sheds light on this important problem. Leveraging an equivalence between infinitely over-parameterized neural networks and Gaussian process regression (GPR), we derive an integro-differential equation that governs PINN prediction in the large data-set limit -- the neurally-informed equation. This equation augments the original one by a kernel term reflecting architecture choices and allows quantifying implicit bias induced by the network via a spectral decomposition of the source term in the original differential equation.


ABSTRACT We examined the effects of in-group relevance on inhibitory control in anti-saccades. In Experiment 1, following a central coloured cue, football fans were instructed to look at the target on pro-saccade trials or its mirrored position on anti-saccade trials. The targets were badges of participants' favourite football team (in-group), its closest rival, or a non-local neutral team. Our results revealed no significant differences on pro-saccade trials for in- versus out-groups. However, on anti-saccade trials participants made more directional errors for the in-group badge compared to the badges of the neutral and rival teams. Moreover, the percentage of directional errors to in-group stimuli on anti-saccade trials was positively correlated with satisfaction toward the participant's own team. Experiment 2, with separate blocks of pro- and anti-saccade and simple stimuli replicated the results of Experiment 1. Experiment 3, was conducted to test the effects of familiarity on the performance in pro- and anti-saccade tasks using items with no group relevance. Our results revealed that familiarity of the items with no group relevance did not modulate inhibitory control in anti-saccade trials. Further, Experiment 4 showed that for participants who did not have any interest in football the performance in anti-saccades did not differ for different football teams. Overall, our findings suggest that under conditions of real-world intergroup rivalry in-group relevance modulates inhibitory control over anti-saccades. Future studies should seek to unravel the mechanisms contributing to the effects of group relevance on inhibitory control.


The results of the studying expand views on the mechanisms of regulatory influences of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system on the chronotropic function of the rat heart in postnatal ontogenesis, the results of experiments indicate the determining value of currents activated during hyperpolarization (If) in the adrenergic regulation of heart rhythm.


The Covid-19 pandemic has become one of the biggest shocks to the Indonesian economy. As a result of the pandemic, there was deep pressure on aggregate demand and aggregate supply as well, so the economic output decreased and was not at optimal output levels. This paper will show the business cycle or economic fluctuations that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this paper is the decomposition of Indonesia's quarterly real GDP for the 2000-2022 period into the growth trend and short-term fluctuations using the Hodrick–Prescott (HP) Filter. The results of this study indicate that in the first quarter of 2020, Indonesia experienced an economic contraction and was followed by a recession in the following quarter. After that, economic recovery occurred and reached long-term optimal output after 1.5 years. The characteristics of a recession and economic recovery followed a W-Shaped due to new pressures during the recovery process caused by the Delta variant, so a new recession occurred. By looking at the business cycle of the economy, the government can implement appropriate policies both fiscal and monetary at each phase.


Traffic safety has been one of the most primary social problems puzzling big cities over the world. It is widely believed that connected vehicle technology will tackle this problem. To achieve that, we installed RSE (Road Side Equipment) in urban road environment to communicate with OBE (On Board Equipment) through DSRC (dedicated short-range communication) to organize a DSRC network system. However, as a fundamental communication device, RSE may lose connections, which will have impacts on the quality of collected data and finally this might lead to failures of traffic applications. Therefore, it is necessary to validate the connection status of DSRC network environment. In this paper, based on analyzing non-continuous DSRC network system, a field test method for connected vehicle technology (CVT) application is proposed to verify whether such a network system is in good condition to ensure normal usages of traffic applications or not. Then, a case study in the field is conducted to evaluate the validities of some important parameters (i.e., latency, distance, and speed). We draw a conclusion that the network system was available for CVT application; but was desired to be improved.


Taking into account the comparative analysis of establishment of environmental regulation of the specific state formations, the author considers the issue of mutual relations between Russia and Germany in the field of production and consumption of natural resources. Contrary to the periodization of the study of the ecological relations between the states in the second half of the 19th century, the earlier common grounds between the Russian side and the German side, related to the period of existence of the Holy Roman Empire and the Russian Empire, are in focus of attention. A number of ancient legal acts, including Russian chronicles such as the "Russkaya Pravda" and German local resolutions in the field of forest exploitation, are analyzed. A breach between the appearance and the borrowing of the experience in Russia is confronted. The sequence, the main stages and the nature of interstate interaction of Russia and Germany in the sphere of protection of forests and natural resources were unveiled during the research. The study concluded that the strengthening of the partnership between Russia and Germany in the field of environmental protection will have a positive impact on the Russian environmental situation. As a state with a long history of natural resource management, Germany can become a great source of experience and a model for modernization of the management of wood resources.


In a longitudinal sample of 2593 individuals, we investigated the frequency individuals with IQs ≤ 90 completed college and whether these individuals experienced the same social and economic benefits higher-IQ college graduates did. Although the majority of individuals with IQs ≤ 90 did not have a college degree, approximately one in three women and one in five men did. The magnitude of the college effect on occupational status, income, financial independence and law abidingness was independent of IQ level, a finding replicated using the longitudinal NLSY97 sample. Additional analyses suggested the association of college with occupational status was causal and that the educational success of individuals with low average IQs may depend on personality factors, family socioeconomic status and genetic endowment. We discuss our finding in the context of the recent expansion in college attainment as well as the dearth of research on individuals with low average IQs.


The author gratefully acknowledges the contribution of the "ARISTEIA" Action of the "OPERATIONAL PROGRAMME EDUCATION AND LIFELONG LEARNING", co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF) and National Resources Resources.


The invention relates to the technical field of video playing, in particular to a live video label inserting method and system. The method comprises the steps that a label generating device receives live video in advance, and frame data information of a specific frame and corresponding label data are generated; a real-time label inserting device receives an EPG, the live video, the frame data information of the specific frame and the corresponding label data, according to the EPG and the frame data information, the specific frame in the live video is found, and the label data are inserted into the specific frame; and an operator server sends the live video with the inserted specific frame to a user terminal. According to the method and system, a label can be inserted into the live video, the current played image of the live video is located accurately, and accordingly more information can be provided for a user or an operator.


The structure of fluorindine is established by nmr as the 5,14-dihydroquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine. The catalytic hydrogenation of 2,3-di(p-methoxyphenyl)pyrazino[2,3-b]phenazine 2a leads to the 6,11-dihydro derivative 4a. The electrochemical reduction in an hydroorganic medium furnishes 4a and then the 1,4,6,11-tetrahydro derivative 8a. In dry DMSO the voltammogram shows four monoelectronic reversible systems corresponding to the successive formation of a radical anion, dianion, radical trianion, and tetraanion. Thus 2a appears as a new example of the very restricted class of compounds leading to tetraanions upon electrochemical reduction. The catalytic hydrogenation of 2,7-diphenylpyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline 1a or the reaction of LiAlH4 with 1,2,7,8-tetramethylpyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline 1b leads to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro compounds. The electrochemical reduction of 1a and 1b in hydroorganic medium leads successively to 1,4-dihydro and then to 1,4,6,9-tetrahydro compounds which undergo a further rearrangement. ...


The entropic force attracts a lot of interest for its multifunctional properties. For instance, Einstein's field equation, Newton's law of gravitation, and the Friedmann equation can be derived from the entropic force. In this paper, utilizing a new kind of rainbow gravity model that was proposed by Magueijo and Smolin, we explore the quantum gravity corrections to the entropic force. First, we derive the modified thermodynamics of a rainbow black hole via its surface gravity. Then, according to Verlinde's theory, the quantum corrections to the entropic force are obtained. The result shows that the modified entropic force is related not only to the properties of the black hole but also to the Planck length and the rainbow parameter . Furthermore, based on the rainbow gravity corrected entropic force, the modified Einstein field equation and the modified Friedmann equation are also derived.


Harmonic mixing has been achieved at millimeter and sub millimeter waveband using high T-c Josephson junctions. In this paper, we have compared the I-V curves and the mixing results under liquid nitrogen refrigeration of different high T-c Josephson junctions, through the contrast experiments of the bulk YBCO Josephson junction, YBCO bicrystal Josephson junction and BSCCO intrinsic Josephson junction.


Artificial intelligence (AI) can be variously described as the project of creating working computational models of the human mind, as the creation of computer-based artifacts that appear to do things normally seen to require human intelligence, or, pragmatically, as a set of techniques that enable the simulation of human cognition. Despite these broad definitions, the dominant conception of the human being modeled in AI is a very narrow one: nonsocial individuals without bodies, race, class, or gender yet supposedly knowledgeable, reasoning, and in some sense intelligent. Artificial Knowinguses feminist theory to show how gender relations are nonetheless inscribed in AI through these models and to suggest ways in which elements of that theory provide the basis for the critique of AI and the development of alternatives. The book begins with short introductions to relevant feminist resources, in particular relating to science and technology, to the history of AI and its critics, and finally to both a mainstream and feminist epistemology. These wellwritten and clear reviews enable someone who comes from a gender studies, an AI, or a philosophical background—or none of these—to locate Adam's argument in its multi-disciplinary context. She describes two flagship projects in mainstream symbolic AI and criticizes them using arguments from feminist epistemology. The first, Cyc, is premised on creating human common sense by the creation of a huge knowledge base of consensus reality, assuming that the problem with existing AI programs is that they lack enough propositional knowledge to create an adequate context for the problems they focus on. The second, Soar, emphasizes a problemsolving architecture that searches through a space of states looking for a problem solution. Adam demonstrates how these projects are, mainly through implicit assumptions about the nature of humans or knowledge, rooted in the assumptions of mainstream epistemology, in which knowledge takes the form of 'S knows thatp' where S is a reasoning individual with no physical embodiment or cultural setting andp is a simple proposition formalizable in logic—Nagel's view from nowhere. The social is factored out, both because of its contradicting these norms of rationality and because of its messiness and the difficulties in formalizing it. By examining both the nature of the knowing subject, the nature of what is known, and the model of rationality in this framework, she argues that it takes "the male as norm" and excludes certain types of knowledge, in particular, "knowing how"—skillsbased and usually tacit knowledge—and those that are concerned with or dependent on the body, all of which she sees as typically those of women. MIND, CULTURE, AND ACTIVITY, 8(2), 210–211 Copyright © 2001, Regents of the University of California on behalf of the Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition


This is a carefully done study about the production, oxidation and emission of CH4 in Patagonian bog, the results are of considerable interest and the paper is well written. However, some points need clarifying and certain statements require further justification. 1. the authors should not ignore that acetogenesis might be important in anaerobic environments when H2 partial pressures are high and temperatures are low. Acetogens can outcompete methanogens at low temperature, as many acetogens seem to have a higher growth rate at low temperature than most methanogens (Kotsyurbenko et al., 1996, 2001). If acetogenesis process is active in the bog, the δ13C value of


Kerala people have a consumer oriented culture followed by the increased incomes, but on the other side the inflation rate is very high.Above 80 per cent of the households in rural Kerala have calorie intake lower than prescribed daily consumption value of 2400 Kcal.So food security of the people is very important. It's very difficult to manage the family budget of the ordinary people because of the increased prices. The compromise on the expenditure on food items always increases the other side expenditure the health expenditure. The health expenditure increases heavily if the family has at least any one sick member which influences the family budget very badly. If the govt. provide compensation in the form of food subsidy better provided with nutritious food it should be highly recommended than giving money directly or it can replace upcoming health expenditure.


Bench-scale studies of a sequencing packed-bed bioreactor were conducted for the treatment of waters contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE). The reactor contained a mixed-culture biofilm grown aerobically on phenol; the biofilm cometabolized TCE in the absence of phenol. These studies focused on the effect of phenol-feeding strategies in relation to sustaining high levels of TCE removal efficiency. The reactor was cycled between a rejuvenation stage, during which phenol at 5, 25, or 100 mg/L was supplied in a nutrient water, and a degradation stage, during which TCE was supplied as a contaminant at 100 μg/L in the absence of phenol. Two to three hours of rejuvenation per 24 hours of TCE degradation were required for stable operation. Pseudo-first-order rate constants for TCE degradation between 50 and 100 L/g volatile suspended solids.d were sustained for up to 29 days. The successful feeding strategies yielded average TCE removals between 70 and 90% at a packed-bed hydraulic residence time of 14 minutes. Conceivably, a full-scale sequencing reactor could operate indefinitely with the proper feeding strategy.


The utility model discloses a seepage-prevention slurry blocking device of an underground continuous wall. The seepage-prevention slurry blocking device comprises a reinforcement cage, a joint, a head sealing rib and a joint box. The two sides of the reinforcement cage are connected with slurry blocking iron sheets. The joint is a cross-shaped rigid joint formed by connecting a water blocking steel plate and a head sealing steel plate, and the cross-shaped rigid joint is connected with the end portion of the reinforcement cage of an anterior wall. The head sealing rib is in a V shape and connected to the end portion of the reinforcement cage of a posterior wall. When the anterior wall is constructed, the joint box is installed on the back side of the cross-shaped rigid joint, and the water blocking steel plate of the cross-shaped rigid joint extends into a groove of the joint box. According to the seepage-prevention slurry blocking device of the underground continuous wall, the cross-shaped joint and the slurry blocking iron sheets are utilized at the seam of underground continuous wall segments, when ground and wall connection concrete is used for pouring, cement slurry can be prevented from winding from the two ends of the joint box to the back of the joint box to form winding-pouring concrete, the seepage-prevention effect of the joint is good, the common problem of water seeping of ground and wall connection joints is effectively solved, the construction reliability is strong, and risks are small.


In this paper, the authors present a way of representing the development of an outcomes assessment process as an exercise in open-ended problem solving, where asking the right questions and understanding your options play significant roles. The purpose of this presentation is to show that the existence of viable options for each question can lead to different designs for different cultures and organizations. While this paper is written for ABET/EAC accreditation, the basic principles may apply to ABET/TAC accreditation.


the measurement of the different body parameters such as height, body weight or fat content the body is and it to the Material and Methods : The study was conducted on the group of 35 children aged 6 to 11 years old with diagnosed polyarticular hypermobility. The control group were randomly selected children in the same age from the same school without diagnosed polyarticular hypermobility. Anthropometric parameters of all children were measured according to accepted methods. The children were tested for body weight, height, body mass index, WHR index and their skinfolds were measured by skinfolds calipers. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric parameters of children with diagnosed polyarticular hypermobility and to compare these results to their contemporaries with no identified polyarticular hypermobility. Results: All the examined parameters (height, body weight, BMI, WHR, skinfolds measurement) in the two groups were on very similar levels, there were no statistically significant differences (BMI p = 0.3435, WHR p = 0.806). Conclusions: There is no significant difference between the study group and the control group in the examined anthropometric parameters (height, body weight and BMI). Children with diagnosed polyarticular hypermobility in terms of weight and height do not stand out from their peers.


This article develops and tests a general framework for explaining variations in the extent of postwar reconstruction. Existing studies point to the importance of economic resources and a coherent state apparatus in promoting effective reconstruction. This study argues that because reconstruction inherently requires coordination between numerous societal actors as well as between state and society, a full explanation for the extent of reconstruction must examine the linkages among those actors, especially civil society. By generating greater amounts of information, a more vibrant civil society leads to (a) better identification of needs, (b) more efficient implementation, and (c) more effective monitoring. Statistical analyses of newly assembled data from 46 Japanese prefectures lend support to the propositions advanced in the article.


The EU-legislation on quantitative ingredient declaration (QUID) raises problems in individual cases because of their partially unclear rules and indefinite terms. This may lead to different results in QUID-labelling. QUID-labelling of flavoured milk and milk products in principle should be carried out in the same way. That applies to the QUID-labelling of the flavouring food as well as the decision not to declare small quantities of added flavouring foodstuffs. In principle the declaration of the ratio of milk components in dairy products is indicated only if the content is not sufficiently fixed by or deviates from respective legislation or other rules.


This paper presents a method to assess the horizontal accuracy of class boundary location for large scale categorical data for large mountainous and protected areas. The test was performed on a land cover dataset which was created for the Swiss National Park (SNP) with an overall area of 370 km2. The average area of a polygon has been 0.66 ha with a minimal distance between two lines of 5 meters. Therefore a set up of stratified random samples was required because of the lack of sufficient data with higher accuracy as a reference and restricted access to the area due to conservation policies. Additionally we regarded the assumption that spatial properties in maps are a function of thematic categories and accuracy requirements differ in boundaries between different classes. The comparison is based on orthoimages with a well defined spatial quality description. We defined all possible pairs of neighboring habitat classes and classified the required accuracy by a confusion matrix. The accuracy values are based on the guidelines for interpretation. We intersected a regular set of directed transect lines across the data set and obtained a point dataset of all intersections between transect lines and class boundaries. The intersection point data was buffered according to the varying accuracy between the adjacent habitat types. With an independent manually operated control procedure the accuracy of the line was accepted or rejected by defining the delineation within or outside the buffer. In an area with missing data of higher accuracy or restricted access, the method has shown a simple approach to assess the overall accuracy of categorical data as well as a well distinguished image of the delineation work of different adjacent classes. Moreover, with the design of control points, an overall view over a large area is guaranteed.


Every days in our daily activities are functions that need regulation laws of normativity specially in the food industries, where is necessary have specific regulations to the customers, being relevant to the commercial treatments between regions of the world or some countries. This scientific study was made to develop an electronic system with a low cost and basic electronic components to supports in the measurement operations to obtain orange with specific dimensions, because the customer of this agricultural industry evaluated, being interesting to reduce the orange that were taken off of the production for not have the specific dimensions of the law regulations of the customers. This investigation was made in 2022 in this agricultural industry that is installed in the Mexicali Valley, which is a zone of the northwest of Mexico that is neighbor with the California State of the United States of America (USA), which have a great commercial treatments with this state and the orange of this agricultural industry evaluated, presented strict specifications of the dimensions, and was to increase the productivity and quality indices.


Dr. Johnson is the Director of the Intensive English Program Center and an associate professor of English at Kennesaw State University. He was the recipient of the KSU Foundation Distinguished Teaching Award in 2007 and the KSU Foundation Distinguished Service Award in 2013. The transcript includes two separate interviews: August 20, 2007, and September 3, 2013, both conducted by Thomas Allan Scott. It supersedes the single transcript for the August 20, 2007, interview.


Received Date: Nov 09, 2019 / Accepted Date: Dec 05, 2019/ Published Date: Dec 09, 2019 Abstract For the commiting criminal acts, juvenile can be sanctioned with educational measures and with juvenile imprisonment. The general purpose of juvenile sanctions is to provide protection, care, assistance and supervision, and by ensuring the general and professional training of juvenile perpetrators of criminal acts affecting his/her upbringing, development of his/her entire personality and strengthening his/her personal responsibility.


A wide range of medicinal value is provided by the natural products which are obtained from different plants. The study of traditional medicinal plants and their therapeutic properties plays a very important role in chemistry of natural products. Due to the increasing therapeutic use of natural products interest in this area is also increasing. The focus of this work is on methodologies that include extraction, separation and identification of natural products. The work was carried out on extraction of Piper betle and Justicia gendarussa leaves by three different solvents and then the identification tests of the chemical constituents were done. Different techniques such as chromatography i.e. Column chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) as well as spectroscopic techniques were used for identification of compounds.


hereinafter referred to as Cemex or the permittee, is authorized to operate a stationary source of air pollutants limited to the emission units and conditions described in this permit. Until such time as this permit expires, is modified or revoked, CEMEX is allowed to discharge air pollutants from those processes and activities directly related to or associated with air pollutant sources in accordance with the requirements, limitations and conditions of this permit.


In urban life, an interest in safety and demands for safety information about crimes and traffic are increasing. As well, communication on the internet is so active. In this study, we analyze web sites in US, UK, and JP, which have started safety map services, and then we provide basic material for the introduction of safety map into Korea. According to the analysis result, in US and UK, the safety map web sites are administered by the government and provided to the general public. The geographical area is provided around administrative districts and statistical data. In JP, The safety map web site provide not a one sided service but the service that user can directly take a part in, and also there is an web site for crimes against vulnerable people.


【Objective】The development and reproduction of the Hyalopterus amygdali on Xinjiang oases desert were evaluated at interior constant temperature in laboratory.【Method】Based on the results of growth and reproduction of Hyalopterus amygdale,life tables of laboratory population at five constant temperatures were constructed,and the life table parameters were analyzed at the same time.【Result】The results showed that the developmental rate increased with the rise of temperature from 18℃ to 28℃;Parameters of Hyalopterus amygdali,such as innate capacity(rm),net reproduction rate(Ro) increased within the range of 18-24℃ and presented a mzximum value at 24℃.【Conclusion】 The most suitable temperature for the Hyalopterus amygdali is 24℃.


A fragrant yellow powder used for steaming meat is prepared from 22 raw materials including rice, soybean, anise, cinnamon bark, cloves, liquorice root, etc. It can also play the role of invigorating the function of spleen and stomach and promoting appetite.


How to identify the quality of a house that is designed as a home? In a self-account of and an interview with Ai Weiwei he gives an overview of his understanding about life and quality of living space in the present situation of China.


Unnatural paramagnetic α-amino acids with 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yloxyl-3-yl radical or 2,5,5-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yloxyl-2-yl radical side-chains, including a lysine mimic azido precursor and their derivatives, are described. The new set of paramagnetic amino acids presented in this work with different (polar, nonpolar, aliphatic, aromatic, etc.) side-chains offers a useful tool for the ESR study of the protein structure and function after incorporation, fulfilling diverse structural requirements.


The central and eastern part of Tunisia is cut by several grabens trending generally NW-SE and WNW-ESE. Various explanations have been proposed for these features.


English Language Learners (ELLs) are falling behind in mathematics according to the new standardized tests that assess mastery of the Common Core State Standards (Smarter Balanced Test Results, 2017). Simultaneously, flipped learning models have gained momentum in the past decade. Recent studies have found this pedagogical shift to be promising in improving achievement if implemented correctly (Bhagat, Chang, & Chang, 2016; Hung, 2015, Lai & Hwang, 2016; Tawfik & Lilly, 2015; Zengin, 2016). This study used a preand post-test quantitative quasi-experimental design to compare the achievement of a mathetmatics standard between the treatment group (n = 30), who received flipped classroom instruction, and the control group (n = 29), who received traditional direct instruction. After data were gathered in a two-week study, independent and paired samples t-tests were performed to determine if statistically significant differences arose between the two groups. The results show the treatment group had more significant growth between the pre-test and post-test than the control group. These findings were consistent with the available research. Recommendations for future work include using a larger sample size with more ELLs to increase statistical power.


This essay explores an aspect of Cicero9s use of cultural writing for political ends: his employment of the epideictic rhetorical mode in two of his speeches, Pro Archia and In Pisonem . The
 epideictic is a ludic rhetorical domain that embraces paradoxes: it encompasses both praise and blame, is both markedly Greek and proximate to the Romans9 laudatio funebris , and is associated both
 with textual fixity and viva voce improvisation. The epideictic mode is thus an ideal vehicle for Cicero9s self-fashioning and, moreover, constitutes a framework which reveals that Cicero9s encomiastic
 defense of Archias9 Roman citizenship and his invective against his aristocratic nemesis Piso are polar and complementary opposites. The self-consciously literary quality of epideictic allows Cicero to
 transform the Pro Archia from a legal defense to a general meditation on literary culture in which Cicero blurs himself with his client to defend his own status within Rome9s elite while fixing his
 version of his consulate in ornate prose. The Pro Archia simultaneously becomes a simulacrum of the poem which Cicero hopes Archias will write and Cicero9s own pre-mortem funeral oration.
 Yet the Pro Archia9s suppressed legal arguments pregure the eventual failure of his immediate self-fashioning aims. The In Pisonem9s invective inverts the Pro Archia 9s self-fashioning strategies
 in order to debunk Piso9s image and to recuperate Cicero9s own prestige at the expense of Piso9s. The In Pisonem has the same long-range cultural ambitions as the Pro Archia, but without the previous speech9s
 hopes for tangible short-term success. Faced with his inability to cause Piso real political damage, Cicero crafts an ornately polished caricature of Piso designed to achieve canonical longevity. Cicero9s
 reception by the orators of Seneca9s Suasoriae and Controversiae gives evidence of the successes, and limitations, of these long-term cultural goals.


This paper summarizes the ion concentrations and chemical compositions of precipitation, based on the samples collected from The National Acid Deposition Research Monitoring Network with 261 sampling sites. The chemical composition and it`s spatial variation are given. The chemical characteristics of precipitation were analyzed and ion concentration contours were graphed. The results show that the annual ion concentrations of SO{sup 2-}{sub 4}, NO{sup -}{sub 3}, NH{sup +}{sub 4} and Ca over China are 125.86, 4 19.62, 67.89 and 80.41/{mu}eq/1, respectively. All of the ion concentrations much higher than that of Europe and North America, except N03 and H+ concentrations that are in the same level. SO{sup 2-}{sub 4} NO{sup -}{sub 3} is 6.4. SO{sup 2-}{sub 4} and NO{sup -}{sub 3} concentrations in rain water accounts for 31.6% and 4.9% of the total. SO{sup 2-}{sub 4} concentration in anions is 68.1%. So Chinese precipitation is typical coal burning type. NH{sup +}{sub 4} and Ca{sup 2+} in 4 cations are 31.8% and 37.6%. These characteristics are significantly different from are generally high in Europe and North America. Areas with high SO{sup 2-}{sub 4} ion concentration have low acidity, vise versa. Thus, the acidity of precipitation is not determined by absolute concentration ofmore » SO{sub 4}, but, it`s depended on relative concentration of ions in the precipitation. The estimates of wet deposition flux show that the area with acid highest annual deposition for H{sup +} 0.02 mg/m{sup 2} is defined roughly by the area bounded by Yangtze River to the north, Sichuan and Guizhuo to the west, however for SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}, the area with annual largest deposition flux (5 g/m{sup 2}) covered note only the area for H{sup +}, but also included the large north area of Yangtze River and the plain of lower reaches of Yellow River. This scenarios are quite different from Europe and North America.« less


Recently there have been many measures proposed to tackle the problem of congestion in computer networks. In this paper, we first analyze some of the measures and then present a new scheme in which the optimal operating point is obtained by evaluation of throughput gradient and resource sharing is adjusted only at the beginning and the end of a connection. Simulation results show that the scheme converges to an optimal operating point quickly and fairly.


Background: Various factors, most notably the stone's features, determine the selection of an appropriate method to extract common bile duct (CBD) stones during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In this study, the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sphincterotomy with balloon dilation (ESBD) versus endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for CBD stone extraction with a diameter of 10 to 15 millimeters were compared. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 154 patients referred to the Rouhani Hospital in Babol, Iran, with CBD stones. Consensus sampling was used. Each individual's demographic information and findings from the procedure were entered into the SPSS software (v. 26). A level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 154 patients were included in the study, of which 81 (52.6%) were in the EST, and 73 (47.4%) were in the ESBD group. Complete stones removal rate was higher in the ESBD versus the EST group (79.5% versus 46.9%, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed between the two methods' overall side effects rate (P = 0.469). Conclusion: For the complete extraction of CBD stones larger than 10 millimeters, the ESBD method outperforms the EST method.


This research depends on the relationship between the reflected spectrum, the nature of each target, area and the percentage of its presence with other targets in the unity of the target area. The changes occur in Land cover have been detected for different years using satellite images based on the Modified Spectral Angle Mapper (MSAM) processing, where Landsat satellite images are utilized using two software programming (MATLAB 7.11 and ERDAS imagine 2014). The proposed supervised classification method (MSAM) using a MATLAB program with supervised classification method (Maximum likelihood Classifier) by ERDAS imagine have been used to get farthest precise results and detect environmental changes for periods. Despite using two classification methods, the results of the suggested method (MSAM) have been proved its superiority, where the classification accuracies are 88%, 91% and 92% for years 1986, 2000 and 2018, respectively. The results indicated that during the last three decades for study area subjected to many artificial and natural changes, these changes have impacts on land cover, vegetation, and the aquatic environment. In this paper from the results, one can see these marshes suffered was dryness, rareness in vegetation and increasing in alluvial soil during the period 1986 – 2000, while during 2000 2018 there were increasing in water and vegetation with a decreasing in the alluvial soil.


Turkey's European Union accession process began in July 31, 1959. However, European Union-Turkey relations has been in a bumpy dialogue due to the changes in the international system in the historical process and the impact of the events of European integration. Relationships that have been going on for about 60 years have not resulted in full membership, thus, different alternatives have been raised for Turkey. In the study, process in Turkey- European Union relations, Turkey's political stance and the European Union can create alternatives to the European Union it will be considered, especially considering the current developments. The presence of alternative organizations in the international arena and their relations with Turkey will be examined and while Turkey's relations with both the European Union and the other organizations are being evaluated, whether participation in a politically different international organization will be an alternative to the European Union will be examined. The aim of the study is to examine organizations that can be an alternative to the European Union while the possibility of being a member of the European Union, which has been ongoing since 1959. At this point, Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Eurasian Economic Community have been evaluated as alternative organizations, however it has been concluded that there are no organizations that can be the exact alternative to the European Union.


The structure and dynamics of sponge-dominated assemblages living on both shallow and deep coastal and estuarine reefs in temperate NSW, Australia were quantified by examining their spatial and temporal variability at a number of scales. The effect of the discharge of sewage effluent on these assemblages was also examined. Quantifying the natural spatial and temporal variability in these assemblages has received inadequate attention because of the difficulty in sampling these habitats. Following assessment of the efficacy of photoquadrats and appropriate levels of taxonomic resolution, I sought to determine i) spatial and temporal patterns of variability and ii) assess the effects of point source sewage pollution on these assemblages. A reliable quantitative technique using photo-quadrats was therefore developed and tested for sampling the macrobenthic assemblages living on hard substrata. No loss in the accuracy of the data was detected whilst the increased efficiency of the method enabled these assemblages to be sampled at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. Both univariate and multivariate techniques determined that sufficient taxonomic resolution was attainable at the level of phylum for assemblages in kelp forests, whilst the level of order was necessary for assemblages in crustose habitats. Furthermore, as taxonomic resolution increased towards species level, the detection of differences associated with sewage became less likely. Patterns and processes in deep-water macrobenthic assemblages have largely been inferred from the study of such assemblages on shaded artificial structures or in relatively shallow water. Patterns in the diversity and abundance of sponges on the coastal reefs off Sydney were examined using photo-quadrats to provide estimates of species richness and percentage cover. Spatial and temporal variability was measured by sampling three nested sites within each of three reefs at each of three depths (20, 30 and 50 m) on three occasions. Sponge richness generally


Carbon short fibers reinforced polymer composites are commonly used composite materials in automotive and aerospace industries. In the present work, nickel coated carbon polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers/epoxy manufactured by open molding method were studied. Also, nickel coated carbon fiber /epoxy composites with aluminium oxide nano filler were evaluated. Addition of small proportions of 100 nm size Al2O3 fillers significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites. In nickel coated carbon fiber /epoxy composites the Al2O3 nano fillers were added with different weight percentage varied from zero to six percent in steps of two percent. All the tests were conducted according to ASTM standards. The results revealed that Al2O3 nano fillers reinforced composites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and fracture toughness.Carbon short fibers reinforced polymer composites are commonly used composite materials in automotive and aerospace industries. In the present work, nickel coated carbon polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fibers/epoxy manufactured by open molding method were studied. Also, nickel coated carbon fiber /epoxy composites with aluminium oxide nano filler were evaluated. Addition of small proportions of 100 nm size Al2O3 fillers significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites. In nickel coated carbon fiber /epoxy composites the Al2O3 nano fillers were added with different weight percentage varied from zero to six percent in steps of two percent. All the tests were conducted according to ASTM standards. The results revealed that Al2O3 nano fillers reinforced composites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and fracture toughness.


Compound A was isolated from endophytic fungus( No.2526) of mangrove Avicennia from the South China Sea. The structure of compound A was elucidated by compr ehensive spectral data and coincided with that of sterigmatocystin. Compound A s howed a weak cytotoxic activity against Bel-7402 and NCIH-460 in vitro wit h IC 50 96 53×10 -6 and 72 52×10 -6 g/mL respectively. It is the first report on sterigmatocystin that isolated from marine fungus.


Pupils with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) are often considered the most challenging group to manage within mainstream education. The challenges perceived by teachers may be due, in part, to negative attitudes towards this cohort of pupils, which may exacerbate feelings of inadequacy and impact negatively upon direct interactions with pupils. The current study comprised a combination of implicit (i.e. the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, IRAP) and explicit (The Opinions Relative to Mainstreaming Scale, ORMS) technologies to assess the attitudes of teachers (N = 25) and teachers in training (N = 20) towards pupils with EBD. When these attitudes proved to be negative (relative to typically developing pupils), the utility of a combined behaviour intervention (BI) and stress-management intervention (SMI), in conjunction with a series of pre and post measures, was examined. The IRAP results for teachers indicated that the SMI enhanced their implicit positivity towards pupils with EBD (EBD PUPIL) to a considerable extent (0.025-0.175), and this was greater than the impact recorded with the BI. The teachers in training showed implicit negativity towards EBD PUPIL (0.13) and this decreased, albeit marginally, at post-BI (0.05) and post-SMI (0.06). Significant differences were recorded in teachers' general attitudes towards inclusion (p < 0.001) and efficacy (p < 0.008). Significant effects were recorded for teachers in training in relation to their attitudes towards having a child with EBD and having a previously excluded child with EBD in their classrooms (all ps < 0.001). For this latter group, reductions were also recorded in their levels of depression, anxiety and stress (p < 0.001) and there was an increase in their psychological flexibility (p < 0.001). The current results indicate that a range of positive implicit and explicit outcomes was associated with the current BI and SMI package in terms of fostering more effective inclusion of pupils with EBD in mainstream education.


gain and the potential negative impact of hyperinsulinemia on the already-increased prevalence of macrovascular disease in these patients. Not only is the weight gain the natural response to improved control (2,3) (which also occurs, by the way, if control is improved by sulfonylurea agents [4,51) but it also seems doubtful that the few extra pounds that accrue to an already obese individual represent a significant increased health risk over the one already present due to the obesity. Hyperinsulinemia is one of the cluster of risk factors, along with insulin resistance, central obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia (elevated triglyceride levels and/or decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels) that are associated with coronary artery disease. Since association is not causation, it would be important to establish that elevated insulin levels directly cause a worsening of macrovascular disease. We know that they do not cause the obesity nor the hypertension (6). The association between insulin levels and coronary artery disease is found in younger Caucasian men but not in women, older Caucasian men, or nonCaucasian populations (6). Many of the in vitro studies in which insulin affected the metabolism and morphology of the arterial wall used extremely high concentrations of the hormone, far in excess of those measured physiologically. The effects may have been due to the interaction of these very high concentrations with the IGF-I receptor.


The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) method is one of the most commonly used statistical methods for the analysis of longitudinal data in epidemiological studies. A working correlation structure for the repeated measures of the outcome variable of a subject needs to be specified by this method. However, statistical criteria for selecting the best correlation structure and the best subset of explanatory variables in GEE are only available recently because the GEE method is developed on the basis of quasi-likelihood theory. Maximum likelihood based model selection methods, such as the widely used Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), are not applicable to GEE directly. Pan (2001) proposed a selection method called QIC which can be used to select the best correlation structure and the best subset of explanatory variables. Based on the QIC method, we developed a computing program to calculate the QIC value for a range of different distributions, link functions and correlation structures. This program was written in Stata software. In this article, we introduce this program and demonstrate how to use it to select the most parsimonious model in GEE analyses of longitudinal data through several representative examples.


To asses the sensitivity for non-random dropout in a selection model framework, several methods were developed. None of them are without limitations. In this paper, a new method called kernel weighted influence is proposed. It uses several features of global and local influence approaches. Together with the use of nonparametric techniques, it provides a challenging new technique with a variety of options.


The research discussed the romantic elements in "Princess Fauziyya", a Hausa novel written by Tambaya L.S. Guga, using the Romantic concept. The objectives of the research are to focus on the themes and characteristics of romanticism, and to know what kind of figurative language is used to support the Romantic elements in the novel by Tambaya L.S. Guga. The novel is studied using the descriptive analysis method and content analysis technique. The novel is meticulously and precisely analyzed the use of figures of speech to discover romantic elements as well as the presence of romanticism characteristics. The research has discussed the six primary characteristics: a celebration of nature, focusing on the individual and spirituality, a celebration of isolation and melancholy, an interest in the common man and childhood, idealization of women, and personification and pathetic fallacy. The figures of speech that took place in Tambaya L.S. Guga's novel "Princess Fauziyya" to support the Romantic elements in the novel are: personification, simile, metonymy, metaphor, and symbol, and are used to support both emotion and imagination. The researcher expects that the study will be useful to readers who want to know more about Romanticism.


. Causal representations are distinguished from non-causal ones by their ability to predict the results of interventions. This widely-accepted view suggests the following adequacy condition for causal models: a causal model is adequate only if it does not contain variables regarding which it makes systematically false predictions about the results of interventions. Here I argue that this condition should be rejected. For a class of equilibrium systems, there will be two incompatible causal models depending on whether one intervenes upon a certain variable to fix its value, or 'lets go' of the variable and allows it to vary. The latter model will fail to predict the result of interventions on the let-go-of variable. I argue that there is no basis for preferring one of these models to the other, and thus that models failing to predict interventions on particular variables can be just as adequate as those making no such false predictions. This undermines a key argument (Dash, 2003) against relying upon causal models inferred from equilibrium data.


Data assimilation is an increasingly popular technique in Mars atmospheric science, but its effect on the mean states of the underlying atmosphere models has not been thoroughly examined. The robustness of results to the choice of model and assimilation algorithm also warrants further study. We investigate these issues using two Mars general circulation models (MGCMs), with particular emphasis on zonal wind and temperature fields. When temperature retrievals from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) are assimilated into the U.K.‐Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique MGCM to create the Mars Analysis Correction Data Assimilation (MACDA) reanalysis, low‐level zonal jets in the winter northern hemisphere shift equatorward and weaken relative to a free‐running control simulation from the same MGCM. The Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS) reanalysis, which is also based on TES temperature retrievals, also shows jet weakening (but less if any shifting) relative to a control simulation performed with the underlying Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory MGCM. Examining higher levels of the atmosphere, monthly mean three‐dimensional temperature and zonal wind fields are in generally better agreement between the two reanalyses than between the two control simulations. In conjunction with information about the MGCMs' physical parameterizations, intercomparisons between the various reanalyses and control simulations suggest that overall the EMARS control run is plausibly less biased (relative to the true state of the Martian atmosphere) than the MACDA control run. Implications for future observational studies are discussed.


Soil,shallow groundwater,surface water and sediment samples of a contaminated site in a chlordane and mirex production plant were collected and analyzed,and the spatial structures and distribution characteristics of chlordane and mirex were investigated by means of geo-statistical theories and methods.The results showed that chlordane and mirex demonstrated high spatial variability,and random factors played dominant role in influencing the spatial variability.Soil pollution of chlordane and mirex was severe around the manufacture workshop areas.The pollutants indicated a significantly horizontal migration and the spread compass of contamination showed a certain correlation with the wind direction.There was a significant vertical migration of chlordane and mirex due to water leaching and had spread into deeper soil.Shallow groundwater and surface water around the site were both contaminated,while the sediment contamination was mainly limited to the vicinity of the sewage outfall.The distribution contour maps of chlordane and mirex in soil and shallow groundwater each year,diagramed by applying Kriging interpolation method,indicated the distribution trend of chlordane and mirex clearly.The pollution level of chlordane and mirex in the surface soil was severe.And the contamination of different soil layers and surface water were corresponding to the upper level soil.The contamination of mirex was less than chlordane in soil,groundwater,surface water and sediment due to their volatility,mobility,adsorption and other physical and chemical natures.Contrasting this study with the same type of POPs contaminated sites study found that POPs in the soil of such sites existed in the distribution of common features.


The induction heating source is based on the Joule effect, which is that a driver will induce an electrical current, producing the motion of electrons due to the kinetic energy stored in these, resulting in heat shock that experience between them. The high-frequency electromagnetic waves are manipulated by a PWM is to generate a pulse train that varies its width. Our input power is 1000 watts, with a voltage of 110V and a current of 9.09A. We also use copper tube of 0.003 m for the coil surrounding the material to be heated.


textabstractIt is evident that factors that influence the activity of
liver lipase could be important because of the role of liver
lipase in HDL-cholesterol metabolism. At the start of this
study not much was known about the regulation of liver lipase.
The activity had been found to be decreased after fasting
(10,34), during hypercortisolism {12), hypothyreoidism {35).
insulin deficiency in diabetes {35,12) and by estrogen treatment
{36) suggesting a role for respectively insulin~ corticosteroids, thyroxine and estrogens in the regulation of the activity of the enzyme, respectively.
This thesis describes the effects of several hormones
(corticosteroids, catecholamines, insulin, thyroxin) on the
liver lipase activity in vivo and in vitro. In chapter II and
appendix paper I the model used to study the regulation of
liver lipase in vitro is shown in addition to several factors
influencing the liver lipase activity in vitro. Aspects of the
regulation of liver lipase in vivo are described in chapter
III including the turnover of liver lipase and the influence
of essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency. In chapter IV factors
influencing the enzyme activity are discussed by an
integration of literature data with our own experiments