This thesis compared the neuropsychological functioning of 51 people with schizophrenia to 60 normal controls by administering a range of tests representative of executive functioning. The clinical group was impaired, compared to controls, on 53 of the 57 test indices, which provided evidence of executive dysfunction in this disorder. Significantly inferior performance was observed on the Stroop Color and Word Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trails A and B, the California Verbal Learning Test, the Tower of London Test, the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Go No-Go and the Ruff Figural Fluency Test. The major empirical focus of this thesis was to explore the factorial structure of tests representative of executive functioning in a sample with schizophrenia and a normal control group by submitting the data to principal components analysis followed by orthogonal rotation. The aim was threefold: to extract several cognitive constructs representing separate aspects of executive functioning, to identify and elucidate the dimensions of deficit in schizophrenia and to determine the stability of the factor structure identified by Levin and colleagues (1996), in a sample of children with documented head-injuries. Four distinct factors were identified in each of the groups. Inhibition and ConceptualPlanning factors were found in both groups. In the control group a Productivity-Strategy construct was identified which was similar to the Productivity construct which emerged in the clinical group. A Cluster factor unique to the group with schizophrenia was also revealed. The detected factor structures provided validation for the factors identified by


Background/Aims: Atherosclerosis is a serious disease that increases the risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-29c could play significant roles in atherosclerosis via regulating inflammatory processes. However, the relationship between miR-29c and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) remains unknown. This study investigated associations between miR-29c and atherosclerosis and tested whether plasma miR-29c levels could be used to detect atherosclerosis. Methods: Plasma miR-29c levels were estimated by quantitative real-time PCR, and CIMT was measured by carotid ultrasound. Associations between miR-29c and CIMT were assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: In total, 170 participants were divided into the study (CIMT ≥0.9 mm) and control (CIMT < 0.9 mm) groups. The study group showed higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and miR-29c relative expression levels compared with the control group. CIMT was positively correlated with miR-29c (r=0.659, p< 0.001) and CRP (r=0.447, p< 0.001), and miR-29c levels were also correlated with CRP (r=0.512, p< 0.001). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis showed that CIMT was significantly correlated with miR-29c (β=0.573, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.315-0.839; p< 0.001) and CRP (β=0.439, 95%CI: 0.186–0.825; p< 0.001). After age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and fasting blood-glucose were adjusted for, CIMT was still closely associated with miR-29c (β=0.529, 95%CI: 0.354–0.812; p< 0.001) and CRP (β=0.417, 95%CI: 0.198–0.724; p< 0.001). Evaluating CRP and miR-29c together (AUC=0.900, p< 0.001) achieved a better prognostic value for atherosclerosis than miR-29c (AUC=0.870, p< 0.001) or CRP (AUC=0.722, p< 0.001) alone. Conclusion: Increased miR-29c was closely associated with CIMT and may serve as a biomarker for identifying atherosclerotic patients.


Abstract Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Background Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are considered a multipotent population with high proliferative potential, and are widely used in the treatment of leukemias, multiple myeloma, and some lymphomas. In the context of infectious diseases, some microorganisms have been reported to induce changes in the expression of surface markers in HSCs by a direct effect or through the induction of cytokines. Systemic infections are characterized by inducing stress on the bone marrow, which is reflected in an increase or decrease in leukocytes and platelets in peripheral blood, a process known as 'emergency hematopoiesis'. Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Histoplasma spp., which occurs mainly in immunosuppressed individuals; this mycosis can present a severe clinical picture with dissemination to various organs, including the bone marrow, and is associated with anemia and pancytopenia. So far, the effect of a possible interaction of Histoplasma with HSCs is unknown. Objectives To evaluate, in vitro, the effects of Histoplasma capsulatum infection on activation and proliferation of HSCs. Methods HSCs were obtained from bone marrow of C57BL/6 male mice; after isolation and purification, they were characterized by flow cytometry. Later, the basal expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR4, and Dectin-1 was determined using flow cytometry. HSCs were infected with H. capsulatum yeasts in a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5 and incubated for 24 h. In addition, some of the co-cultures were previously treated with specific blocking antibodies for TLR2 and TLR4 or with a blocking peptide specific for Dectin-1 (CLEC7A). Furthermore, phagocytosis, microbicidal, and cell proliferation assays were done, and the expression of the genes encoding the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and TGF-β as well as arginase-1 and iNOS were assessed. Results We observed that H. capsulatum has the capability to adhere and internalize within these HSCs; nonetheless, this process did not affect the survival of the fungus. The interaction of H. capsulatum with HSCs induced a significantly increased expression of TLR2 and Dectin-1 but not TLR4. In addition, this fungal interaction significantly induced an augmented expression of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, TGF-β, as well as the immune mediators Arg-1 and iNOS. Interestingly, blockade of these receptors significantly decreased the phagocytosis process as well the expression of all inflammatory mediators evaluated, especially when blocking TLR4 and Dectin-1. Of note, H. capsulatum induced apoptosis but did not inhibit the proliferation of these stem cells. Conclusions These results indicate that HSCs are capable of phagocytosing H. capsulatum but do not affect its survival; moreover, this fungal pathogen could induce changes in the expression of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), especially TLR2 and Dectin-1, and could subsequently activate the HSCs leading to the expression of inflammatory mediators as well as affecting the viability of these stem cells. Altogether, these findings indicate that H. capsulatum could affect the hematopoiesis process as reflected in an increase or decrease in leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets as observed in patients with severe and disseminated disease, especially in those with dissemination to bone marrow.


Stability of access tunnels through high stressed abutments remains a problem associated with deep level mining. The problem is compounded by the presence of faults or dykes in these abutments or pillars as large seismic events can occur on such features. This paper describes a novel way of ensuring the long-term stability of access tunnels through high stressed areas by mining an off reef de-stressing slot 7m above the tunnel simultaneous with and leading the development of the tunnel.


Abstract This study intends to explore the influence of learning systems (formal and informal) and knowledge process integration on individual level learning outcomes. This article reviews the extensive literature on the role of learning systems to acquire, disseminate, interpret, and store knowledge within the organizational purview, which subsequently leads toward learning outcomes in the workplace. A methodical review of the literature has been conducted to explore the connection among learning systems, knowledge process, and learning outcomes. Based on the theoretical underpinnings, a conceptual framework has been proposed. Furthermore, this study incorporates a discussion on Huber's (1991) learning components for achieving better learning outcomes. Findings of the study outline that the role of informal learning is preferential than formal learning system, which harmonizes with knowledge processes and subsequently affects organizational learning outcomes. Authors point out the potentiality of contextual factors to affect the aforesaid relationship. Later part of the study discusses implication, limitations, and future suggestions for the researchers.


Active figure control will be necessary to meet the challenging requirements of the Gen-X optics. In this paper we present our adaptive grazing incidence mirror design and the results from laboratory tests of a prototype mirror.


Volcanic eruptions are usually fed by dikes. Understanding how crustal inhomogeneities and topographic loads control the direction (lateral/vertical) and extent (propagation/arrest) of dikes is crucial to forecast the opening of a vent. Many factors, including buoyancy, crustal layering, and topography, may control the vertical or lateral propagation of a dike. To define a hierarchy between these factors, we have conducted analogue models, injecting water (magma analogue) within gelatin (crust analogue). We investigate the effect of crustal layering (both rigidity and density layering), topography, magma inflow rate, and the density ratio between host rock and magma. Based on the experimental observations and scaling considerations, we suggest that rigidity layering (a stiffer layer overlying a weaker one) and topographic gradient favor predominantly lateral dike propagation; inflow rate, density layering, and density ratio play a subordinate role. Conversely, a softer layer overlying a stiffer one favors vertical propagation. Our results highlight the higher efficiency of a stiff layer in driving lateral dike propagation and/or inhibiting vertical propagation with respect to the Level of Neutral Buoyancy proposed by previous studies.


Cloud computing provides rapid on-demand access to shared services over the Internet. Elasticity is a key feature of cloud that allows the system to dynamically adapt to workload changes such that the resource allocation sufficiently models the resource usage as close as possible. It is a highly challenging job as a number of users enter and leave the cloud environment dynamically. Predicting the usage of different resources in advance helps the service providers in better capacity planning and satisfy the needs of users. In this paper, we analyze the multi-step ahead CPU usage predictions of different existing time series prediction models. To model the highly varying cloud workloads and counter the effect of error propagation in iterative multi-step ahead predictions we proposed and analyzed online adaptation of time series CPU usage prediction models. We also use fractional differencing to capture long range dependence in the data. We evaluate the proposed adaptive models on Google cluster trace.


Events The Course of the War During the last year of the war, the power balance within China shifted decisively. The Guomindang (GMD) government and its armies were critically weakened, and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and its armed forces grew rapidly in strength. The United States, the GMD's main ally, had real doubts about its future capacity, while in the last week of the war the CCP acquired a potential international ally, its fraternal socialist brother, the USSR. By late 1944, the tide of war in Europe had turned. The German armies were on the defensive, thrown back from the USSR and North Africa and losing ground against Britain and the United States in Western Europe after the Normandy landings in June. Italy was effectively out of the war. In Europe, towns and cities under German control were being subjected to tremendous Allied bombing. In the Pacific, US naval and air forces were winning victory after victory against Japanese forces. Japan's cities were coming under ferocious bombing. In the largest raid, in March 1945, a firestorm created by bombing almost destroyed Tokyo and killed nearly 90,000 people. The Americans seemed to be taking retribution for Pearl Harbor. The end of the war was very close. In May 1945, Allied victory was proclaimed in Europe. Three months later, Japan surrendered unconditionally. The war that had convulsed the world ended sooner than had been expected, brought to an end in Asia by the dropping of two atomic bombs on Japan.


This issue of SHOCK is both intriguing and exciting with many new reports probing fundamental gaps in knowledge at the epicenter of chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, sepsis pathophysiology, traumatic injury, and persistent catabolism. It is a pleasure and privilege to read, deconstruct, and assimilate the scientific reports in this issue against the greater stage of human knowledge. The opportunity to experience firsthand the insight, passion, and at times frustration that each of these reports has added to our field is priceless. More importantly, many of the studies in this issue have been generated outside the confines of the Unites States, indicating that the Journal readership, desirability, and notoriety are expanding and scientifically valuable. Immune modulatory therapies aimed at bolstering desirable cellular functions such as bacterial eradication and wound healing, while mitigating undesirable aspects of ongoing inflammation that promulgate organ injury, are of growing interest. Endo et al. sought to explore the functional change in neutrophils in patients diagnosed with severe sepsis or septic shock before therapeutic intervention (1). The authors first demonstrate that neutrophil priming state was significantly elevated at presentation, further elevated on day 3, and subsequently returned to initial levels by day 7 in the face of inflammation resolution. Furthermore, the authors show that neutrophil transmigration and adhesion were suppressed most strongly on day 0, and gradually recovered over the next 7 days, by measuring CXC chemokine receptor 2 and paired immunoglobulin-like receptor a expression. To conclude their studies, the researchers show that contrary to patient clinical trajectory, neutrophil priming state was most robust 3 days after sepsis diagnosis. Considering these insights juxtaposed against the recent upsurge in interest for applications of immune modulatory therapies to improve the recovery phase of sepsis, these findings provide an important timeline for the initiation of potential agents aimed at neutrophil cellular modulation. Moving from pure innate immunity onto the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems and their role in sepsis, Albertsmeier et al. sought to determine which immune cell initiates postoperative immunosuppression during sepsis (2). The researchers isolated T lymphocytes and monocytes from abdominal surgery patients preoperatively as well as in those patients who developed sepsis. The results showed a


The present invention has a plurality of sub-image processing device from a host image processing unit through the power line communication to be transmitted receives a desired image display. That is, the video signal The present invention is a host image processing device for transmitting after the treatment to enable displaying the image signals received from a broadcast signal or an external image data generating apparatus is received through an antenna, a transmission from the host image processing device transmission and the sub image-processing device for displaying received, is configured to include the host apparatus and an image processing sub-PLL's transmitting / receiving unit for signal transmission / reception period of the image processor. Accordingly, the present invention has the advantage that can be implemented for multi-system at a lower cost by making it possible to play any audio / video data received from a host image processing apparatus through the sub image processing apparatus having no tuner, a host image processing device and through the power line communication of the term sub-image processor monitors the status of sub-image processing device, it is possible, by implementing the picture with little or no user's operation to the image processing sub-unit effect. Host image processing unit / power line / sub-image processing device


SUMMARY. Both the preliminary test and shrinkage versions of the maximum likeli hood estimatoFS aim to reduce, in a meaningful setup, the risk of the estimator. Under the usual regularity conditions pertaining to the asymptotic normality of the classical version of the maxi mum likelihood estimators, asymptotic distributional risks for these versions are studied, and it is shown that none of these versions dominates the other, though each one fares well relative to the classical version.


To study the population genetic diversity of T.multicepsisolated from Sichuan and the phylogentic relationships with other taeniaspecies,the complete sequences of mitochondrial Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1(cox1)and Cytochrome b(Cyt b)genes of 20 Coenurus collected from goats(11from brain,and 9from intramuscular)in Sichuan were analyzed and phylogentic trees were reconstructed.The results showed that the complete lengths of mitochondrial genes sequenced in this study were 1 623bp for cox1gene and 1 068bp for Cyt b gene.Variable sites were 59and 9,respectively.The sequence divergence between the cox1sequences of Coenurus isolated from Sichuan ranged from 0.1%to 2.5%,while differences in Cyt b sequences ranged from 0.1% to 0.7%.Seventeen haplotypes and 6haplotypes were detected in cox1and Cyt b,with the global haplotype diversity being 0.968±0.033(cox1)and 0.737 ± 0.068(Cyt b),the nucleotide diversities were 0.005 98±0.001 33for cox1and 0.003 06±0.000 79for Cyt b,and the averagegenetic distances were 0.006for cox1and 0.003for Cytb,respectively.The phylogenetic trees inferred from both cox1and Cyt b showed that all 20 Coenurusisolated from Sichuan were the species T.multiceps.A closer relationship was found between Sichuan isolates and Iran and Turkey isolates,and it was closer than that between Sichuan and Gansu,Guangzhou and Italy isolates.The results indicated that cox1gene and Cyt b gene were suitable markers for detecting genetic diversity of T.multiceps,and the diversity of T.multiceps based on Cyt b gene was lower than cox1gene.


Objective: To explore the factors which caused Gonorrhea increasing,and to supply the scientific theory basis for responding prevention and control strategy, through analysing the epidemiological characteristics of Gonorrhea from 1991~1999 in Jinagsu province Methods: collecting and analysis 9 years Gonorrhea in Jiangsu province Results: The incidence of 1991~1999's Gonorrhea in Jiangsu province greatly increased, the annual average growth rate and incidence rate attains 37 93% and 23 29/100000 respectively, and no obvious seasonal change The incidence age concertrated in the sex active phage, between the age 20~29 covers 75 59% of the total cases; worker, farmer, household and unemployment, and business service dominated in the occupation, whose propotion were 23 63%, 18 52%, 9 43%, and 7 67% respectively The most cases come from Sunan, whose ecnonimc is developed compared with other areas of Jiangsu. Conclusion: According to the epidemiological characteristics of Gonorrhea, we should take effective measures aimimg at high risk population so as to control the incidence rate of Gonorrhea


Combining traditional Wang-Landau sampling for multiple replica systems with an exchange of densities of states between replicas, we describe a general framework for simulations on massively parallel Petaflop supercomputers. The advantages and general applicability of the method for simulations of complex systems are demonstrated for the classical 2D Potts spin model featuring a strong first-order transition and the self-assembly of lipid bilayers in amphiphilic solutions in a continuous model.


Principal water agencies in the Petaluma Valley groundwater basin seek to understand the availability of groundwater to meet increasing regional water supply demand caused by increasing agricultural and urban water demands. Surface water from the Russian River is the primary water supply in the basin, but the future availability of this surface-water supply is uncertain. Groundwater is an important supplemental source of water for the City of Petaluma and the primary supply for agriculture and domestic use by rural property owners. Furthermore, supplies of recycled water are becoming more available. Water managers face the challenge of meeting increasing water demand with a combination of surface water, local groundwater resources, and use of recycled wastewater. In 2014, California adopted legislation to manage groundwater: the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). The SGMA requires the development and implementation of Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) in 127 mediumor high-priority groundwater basins, and the Petaluma Valley groundwater basin was designated as a high-priority basin. Sustainability is defined within the SGMA in terms of avoiding undesirable results: significant and unreasonable groundwater-level declines, reduction in groundwater storage, seawater intrusion, water-quality degradation, land subsidence, and surface-water depletion. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Sonoma County Water Agency (SCWA) and the City of Petaluma, characterized the hydrology of the Petaluma valley watershed (PVW) and developed an integrated hydrologic model that can be used to improve understanding and management of the groundwater system and develop a GSP. The objectives of the study are to (1) develop an updated assessment of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of the PVW and (2) develop an integrated hydrologic model for the PVW. The purpose of this report is to describe the conceptual model of the hydrologic, hydrogeologic, and water-quality characteristics of the PVW and a numerical groundwater-flow model of PVW.


INTRODUCTION During the past century, gastroenterologists have experienced major shifts in the occurrence of several common diseases affecting the digestive tract. The historic fall in the occurrence of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease during the twentieth century was accompanied by a simultaneous rise in the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease during the same time period (1,2). The fall of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer, as well as the rise of gastroesophageal reflux disease, are now mostly ascribed to the decline of H. pylori infection in the general population (3,4). Have the concomitant changes affecting inflammatory bowel disease been just a coincidence, or does yet another hidden association with H. pylori underlie these opposing times trends? The present article pursues the hypothesis that H. pylori infection may have protected its carriers against developing inflammatory bowel disease and that the increase of inflammatory bowel disease was in part caused by the loss of this protective influence.


Poverty is considered as one of the major problems faced by the Indonesian people which has a direct impact on the community in fulfilling their basic needs. This problem obviously has an impact on the social welfare of the community. For this reason, the community needs assistance to fulfill basic needs which include food, health amenities and education. One of the efforts made by the government to overcome the problem of poverty and improve community welfare is the Family Hope Program. This program is the provision of conditional social assistance to poor families. It is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs Number 1 of 2018 concerning the Family Hope Program. With the implementation of this program in Sungai Kakap Village, Kubu Raya Regency, it is hoped that it can help people who are unable to meet the needs of life, especially education and health, for families classified as Very Poor Households. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Sungai Kakap Village, Kubu Raya Regency. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques employed are interviews, observation and documentation studies. The research findings show that the recipients of the Family Hope Program in Sungai Kakap Village, Kubu Raya Regency, increased from 2019 to 2020. This was due to the Covid-19 pandemic which caused high prices of basic commodities and the loss of community jobs, so that the financial assistance provided by the government is barely sufficient to meet the needs of the poor. In addition, there is still a lack of program companions for the Family Hope Program, which only amounts to 4 people for 187 families. In the implementation of the Family Hope Program, the involvement of each implementing agency is often considered unimportant due to poor coordination of 3 (three) agencies, namely the Social Service, Sungai Kakap District Office, and the Village Government. The factors that influence the poor communication of the three aformentioned institutions are a fairly wide geographical area, assistants who do not have access to signals and village governments who do not understand the Operational Standards for work procedures.


IN A RECENT publication 1 two of us (S. J. P. and N. M.) presented a method for selecting the most suitable antibiotic in the treatment of respiratory infections. The method included growth of a culture as well as in vitro inhibition tests in order to determine specific antibiotic action. The need for this kind of bacteriological evaluation is becoming increasingly great in view of the fact that organisms resistant to the various antibiotics are becoming more noticeable. It has become apparent that clinical diagnosis only is often misleading as a basis for the choice of an antibiotic, and at times even bacteriological diagnosis made by culture and identification of the organism only is misleading. For these reasons our studies continue on in vitro inhibition, by the antibiotics in common use, of bacteria isolated from sinorespiratory infections. Furthermore, since the above-mentioned publication a new antibiotic of wide range, terramycin, has


The Tarsdeller oil and gas field, which has a brachyoanthicline structure, is the most promising area of the oil-gas region (OGR) in the Kura-Gabirri interfluve. Goal: Based on the reservoir characteristics of rock samples obtained from exploration wells drilled in the area adjacent to the field, petrophysical models have been compiled, reflecting the spatial variation in porosity and permeability of oil-containing reservoirs. Objects: Consideration of the petrophysical properties of core samples taken in the study area made it possible to confirm the oil and gas potential of deep-seated reservoirs. Methods: This analyzed the values and variation of petrophysical properties by depth, age and various physical factors. The observed wide range of changes in the reservoir properties of rocks in the study area is mainly due to tectonic changes, lithological heterogeneity of the sedimentary complex, differences in the depth of bedrocks, as well as the complexity of tectonic conditions. As a result, to predict the oil and gas content in deep reservoirs of the same structures, it is advisable to use the methods of exploration geophysics, as well as the results of changes inthe reservoir characteristics of rocks, determined by petrophysical data. At the same time, it is most expedient to focus on the study of Paleogene-Cretaceous tectonics for the search for oil and gas objects using prospecting and exploration (preferably aerial-photo-space) works at the field. Results: Models made in 3D format illustrate the predicted oil and gas potential and patterns of distribution of productive horizons involved in the geological structure of oil and gas deposits, along the depths and stratigraphic units. It is shown that although the permeability of the rocks in the area is low, the porosity values are favorable for the industrial accumulation of hydro-carbons. Fractured carbonate reservoirs of the Upper Cretaceous are the most promising among the Mesozoic sediments in the OGRbetween the Kura and Gabirri rivers. Deep-seated structural uplifts complicated by large-amplitude fractures are recommended as the priority targets for further geological exploration. However, the real potential of the Eocene deposits, which are widespread in the NGR between the Kura and Gabirri rivers, remains unexplored by deep drilling. This is due, on the one hand, to the incomplete opening of the Eocene section in the structures prepared for deep drilling, structural-tectonic and lithofacies features, as well as insufficient knowledge of drilling for oil and gas, and on the other hand, poor development of promising intervals of the section.


Sydney, Australia's SHINTO KATANA, have announced the details of their upcoming new album entitled "Redemption". The band is streaming their brand ...


The invention discloses a basement bottom plate dewatering well mouth plugging casing and a construction method. The basement bottom plate dewatering well mouth plugging casing comprises a vertically-arranged steel pipe, wherein a stabilizing ring is welded on the outer circumference of the bottom of the steel pipe, a water retaining ring is welded on the outer circumference of the upper portion of the steel pipe, a flange plate is welded on the outer circumference of an upper opening of the steel pipe, a cover plate is arranged on the flange plate, and a rubber washer is arranged between the flange plate and the cover plate. In addition, the construction method adopts the plugging casing to perform basement bottom plate dewatering well mouth plugging. A double-insurance measure is adopted for the casing. By adopting the construction method, the tubular well plugging can be performed before basement construction completion, backfill completion and post-cast strip completion, underground water is continuously extracted from the basement, and the effective height of a plugging rear bottom plate is ensured.


Passenger stations are usually having complex structure, and filled with crowds and luggage. Once an emergency occurred, the passengers were perhaps required to evacuate immediately, hence they may drop off their luggage arbitrarily because of scare, tension and some other factors, where the abandoned luggage inevitably result in additional obstacle for evacuation. This article improves the traditional cellular automation model by involving with the special settings we mentioned above in passenger station. A case study with different simulation parameters are implemented. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model can clearly reproduce the characteristics and phenomena of the crowd flow in the simulation of evacuation process.


Organic photodiodes (OPDs) have been the subject of extensive research due to their inherent advantages of large-area detection, wide range of material selection, and low-cost fabrication. Near infrared (NIR) OPDs were realized mainly by using narrow energy-gap materials and doping organic NIR dyes into the active layer. Here, we report on realization of NIR OPDs by exploiting the exciplex absorption in heterojunction consisting of neodymium phthalocyanine (NdPc2) and C60. For NIR OPDs based on NdPc2/C60 planar heterojunction with C60 thickness of 50 nm, the optimal NdPc2-layer thickness for specific detectivity is 30 nm, while that for photoresponsivity is <;10 nm. A maximal specific detectivity of ~4.46 × 109 Jones was obtained at the optimized NdPc2 layer thickness of 30 nm. At NdPc2 layer thickness of 10 nm, a maximal photoresponsivity of 60 mA/W and a maximal external quantum efficiency of 17% were obtained. The results presented here demonstrate that utilizing exciplex absorption in heterojunction based on NdPc2 and C60 is a prospective route for realizing NIR OPDs.


The Volvo Cars aerodynamic wind tunnel has had a vortical flow angularity pattern in the test section since its original commissioning in 1986. The vortical flow nature persisted after an upgrade in 2006, when the fan was replaced and a moving ground system was introduced. It has been hypothesized that the cause for this flow angularity pattern was leakages around the heat exchanger installed in the settling chamber. The present paper tests this hypothesis by measuring the flow angularity in the test section before and after sealing the leakages. The findings show that the leakage path around the heat exchanger does not influence the flow angularity, and that the current pattern is different compared to the commissioning after the upgrade. This prompted an investigation of the influence from the turbulence screens, which were changed after the upgrade commissioning. These investigations indicate that the probable cause of the vortical flow angularity pattern is residual swirl from the fan. Force measurements on a reference car with and without extra induced flow angularity show that the flow angles measured in the tunnel for regular operation are most likely small enough to not have a significant effect on the measured aerodynamic forces.


As piracy continues to pose a threat to the shipping industry, a number of measures for protecting ships, cargo and crew will need to be implemented. Along with other steps, such as deploying military rescue teams, securing the crew within a ship's citadel has proved to be a highly effective form of self-protection against hostage-taking by pirates. From a design standpoint, aspects that should be considered include the location and dimensions of the citadel, the maximum time crew can stay within it and the specific requirements for various elements of the ship or citadel equipment. Exploiting data on pirate attacks recently occurring in High Risk Areas, this article analyses the design and use of the citadel as a self-protection measure against piracy. As a conclusion, various requirements for these structures are recommended.


We discuss optical/electrical hybrid switching for datacenters. Our current prototype uses an optical circuit switched architecture based on a wavelength-selective switch (WSS) that has a measured mean host-to-host network reconfiguration time of 11.5 μs.


OBJECTIVE
To observe the therapic effects of the recompression treatment schedule D2 (breathing 100% oxygen at 0.12 MPa gauge pressure) on the type I decompression illness (DCI) by hyperbaric chamber pressurized with air.

METHODS
The recompression treatment schedule D2 was from the decompression treatment tables of in Germany BGI690. Seven cases on work site group (work site group) and five cases in hospital (hospital group) were treated using recompression treatment. All cases suffered from type I DCI after normal decompression procedures from working in compressed air in tunnel construction. These patients were treated with basic schedule D2 or extended schedule D2 according to the symptoms of the cases responded to recompression therapy.

RESULTS
In the work site group, the pains of joints, arms and legs were released quickly, the therapic effects appeared at (8.1 +/- 8.1) min, the cases were cured with a recompression therapy of basic schedule D2, the total mean time of treatment was (150 +/- 0.0) min. In the hospital group, the pains of joints, arms and legs disappeared slowly, the therapic effects appeared at (115.0 +/- 60.0) min, the cases were cured with a recompression therapy of extended schedule D2, the total mean time of treatment was (270.0 +/- 0.0) min, which was significantly longer than that in the work site group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
The treatment pressure is 0.12 MPa(gauge pressure) in schedule D2 with medical hyperbaric chamber pressurized with air,which can be used for treatment of type I DCI, the curative effects in the work site group are better than those in the hospital group.


The successful hot extrusion of billets of Ti-Hastelloy N (13 percent Mo, 7 percent Cr, 2 percent Ti, 0.06 percent C, 87.94 percent Ni) into tube shells and followed by cold drawing into 19-mm-OD (0.75-in.) tubing depends largely on the billet microstructure. It was imperative that the preheat annealing treatment given directly before hot extrusion be designed to uniformly dissolve most of the MC-type carbide particles. A 101.6-mm-diam x 304.8-mm-long (4 x 12-in.) billet required a preheat of 4 hr at 1533/sup 0/K.


The aims of this research is to develop an analytical method by combining the immunoassay technique (strip test) with TLC-Spectrophotodensitometry in screening, confirmation, and determination test of benzodiazepine compounds in urine samples. The research method was done with experimentally on unknown urine samples of compounds contained in the sample, then the immunoassay technique (strip test) was used as a preliminary test to determine the class of compounds contained in the sample, then proceed with sample preparation with the LLE (liquid-liquid extraction) using organic solvent ethyl acetate and phosphate buffer pH 6. Then the confirmation test is using the TLC-Spectrophotodensitometry method by applying two mobile phase systems namely TE (ethyl Indonesian Journal of Legal and Forensic Sciences 2020; 10 (1) : 1 – 15 http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/ijlfs e-ISSN 2657-0815, p-ISSN 1979-1763 Asosiasi Ilmu Forensik Indonesia


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine companies' reasons for voluntarily obtaining third-party integrated reporting (IR) assurance and the role of external auditors in the assurance process.

Design/methodology/approach
By conducting 25 in-depth semi-structured interviews, a wide range of significant actors in the assurance process of integrated reports are addressed. In addition, archive materials are considered. The authors apply institutional theory, agency theory, and the diffusion of innovations theory to analyze IR assurance.

Findings
Companies follow coercive pressures by their stakeholders when obtaining external assurance. They intend to appreciate their non-financial indicators and increase their credibility and reliability. Auditors play an important role as change agents for the implementation of IR assurance by, e.g., supporting the correct interpretation of the International Integrated Reporting Council standards and by promoting IR.

Research limitations/implications
First, 25 in-depth interviews can only give a first insight about the stated questions. Second, this paper only considers auditors and company representatives from Germany. Third, investors were not questioned about their attitude toward IR assurance.

Practical implications
The results may serve as a basis for the implementation of IR assurance.

Originality/value
This study combines the relatively unexplored research field of IR with three established theories. Hereby, it exposes companies' motivation for obtaining external assurance and auditors' role on the assurance process.


Unified large-scale epistemologies have led to many unfortunate advances, including cache coherence and 128 bit architectures. Given the trends in robust symmetries, cyberneticists shockingly note the refinement of e-commerce, demonstrates the exten- sive importance of artificial intelligence [1]. We understand how systems can be applied to the emula- tion of A* search. While it is entirely an essential purpose, it is derived from known results.


This paper introduces a kind of configuration software-KingView. When introducing it's function and property,it also put forward some questions for kingview by writing the MMI of elimination of SO2Nox by electric beam.


Plant relocation (PR) is a major organisational change, ostensibly focused only upon geographical transfer, but in fact having broad‐spectrum accompanying effects. A conceptual analysis of PR is presented, supplemented by data from 35 interviews with managers and union leaders of organisations having recently relocated. PR is viewed as a catalytic process of turbulent change, radiating upon organisational structures, social processes, and external environmental systems. The uncertainty and turbulence created by PR are shown to affect management‐worker relations, as well as the interrelationships among employees and the distribution of power within the organisation. The potentials of PR as an opportunity for organisational growth and revitalisation on the one hand, and as a period of crisis and turmoil, on the other, are presented. Some general guidelines are proposed for the effective planning and management of relocation.


The article aims to identify problems with the logistics of supplying dairy plants with milk. The
methods used in the article include an analysis of literature and diagnostic surveys. Focused interviews
were conducted with chairmen of cooperatives and directors for purchase and transport of milk in six dairy
plants in various parts of Poland. Based on the research conducted, the following problem areas related
to the logistics of supplying dairy plants with milk were identified: the number and size of the suppliers,
seasonal character of milk production, continuous collection of milk, the suppliers' location and problems
with the organisation of transport.


In December 1978, the Electric Power Research Institute sponsored an international specialists workshop on disturbance analysis systems. Since the Three Mile Island incident, the electric-power industry has been evaluating the use of this type of system as a means to improve the operator-process interface during normal and abnormal modes of nuclear plant operation. The functional requirements, justification, technical descriptions, and operation experience with such systems are summarized on the basis of the workshop presentations. Unresolved problems are identified, and ongoing research and development activities in the United States and Europe are briefly reviewed.


The present work is a synthesis of the theoretical reference presented as part of the master's degree in Civil Engineering of the Federal Technological University of Paraná, which had as its theme the pavement and its varieties. This research was based on a literature review about the types of pavements, their costs, problems originated as a result of the flow and, consequently, the environmental impacts promoted by the exchange and maintenance of these structures. As a methodology, there were data pertinent to the research that led to the results, demonstrated that the recycled pavement presented better advantages as asphalt cover in the economic criteria and also in terms of environmental impacts.


The stability characteristics of a Helmholtz velocity profile in a stably stratified, compressible atmosphere in the presence of a lower boundary are studied. A jump in the Brunt–Vaisala frequency is introduced and the level at which this jump occurs is assumed to be different from the shear zone, to simulate sharp temperature discontinuities in the atmosphere. The results are compared with those of Pellacani, Tebaldi, and Tosi and Lindzen and Rosenthal. In the present configuration, new unstable modes with larger growth rates are found. The wavelengths of the most unstable gravity waves for the parameters pertaining to observed cases of clear air turbulence agree quite closely with the experimental values.


Objective To investigate the breakfast behaviors and nutritional quality among primary and secondary students,and to provide scientific evidence for developing intervention strategies.Method Random three-stage clustering sampling method was employed in the study.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 9194 primary and secondary students aged 6-17y,from seven cities in China.Results The rates of primary and secondary students having breakfast everyday were 97.0%,92.4%,and 93.4%,Most of the students had their breakfast within 30 min after getting up,the rates being 75.4%,74.7%,and 68.6% respectively.Mothers primarily cook breakfast for the students,the rates being 53.1%,49.9%,and 49.7% respectively.In most cases,they had breakfast at home,the rates being 71.8%,67.0%,and 63.8% respectively.The rates of students having poor quality breakfast were above 80%.Conclusion Primary and secondary students are one of the focal target people for preventing unhealthy dietary behaviors due to shortcomings of eating breakfast.It is necessary to improve the nutritional quality of breakfast for better health of students.


The article deals with understanding of the visual fashion images historical and cultural heritage, collected by now. It contains the analysis of the suit image and fashionable shapes, as well as its characteristics. The results of the men's fashion images studies during the period of XX XXI centuries are given. The author describes also the possible ways of visual images usage (photos and drawings of fashion, design drawings) in modern Computer-Aided Design systems.


Two dominant features of agricultural history in the English West Indies are the formation of the plantation system and the importation of large numbers of servile labourers from diverse parts of the world—Africa, Europe and Asia. In Barbados and the Leeward Islands, the backbone of early English colonisation of the New World, large plantations developed within the first decade of settlement. The effective colonisation of these islands, St. Christopher (St. Kitts) in 1624, Barbados 1627, Nevis 1628, Montserrat and Antigua 1632, was possible because of the early emergence of large plantations which were clearly designed for large scale production, and the distribution of commodities upon the world market; they were instrumental in forging an effective and profitable agrarian culture out of the unstable frontier environment of the seventeenth century Caribbean. These plantations, therefore, preceded the emergence of the sugar industry and the general use of African slave labour; they developed during the formative years when the production of tobacco, cotton and indigo dominated land use, and utilised predominatly European indentured labour. The structure of land distribution and the nature of land tenure Systems in the pre-sugar era illustrate this. Most planters who accelerated the pace of economic growth in the late 1640's and early 1650's by the production of sugar and black slave labour, already owned substantial plantations stocked with large numbers of indentured servants.


Arachidonic acid (AA) and prostaglandin (PG) E2 stimulate carbon monoxide (CO) production, and AA metabolism is known to be associated with generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, AA and PGE2 generated in cerebral microvessels might increase cerebrovascular dilation through generation of CO or ROS. In this study we tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of inhibitors of CO and ROS production on the cerebral vasodilation produced by AA and PGE2 in newborn pigs. Experiments were performed in anesthetized newborn pigs with closed cranial windows. In experiments with PGE2, indomethacin (5mg/kg i.v.) was administered to inhibit endogenous prostanoid production. AA (10‐7 M, 10‐5 M) and PGE2 (10‐7M, 10‐5M) produced cerebral vasodilation that was inhibited by heme oxygenase (HO) inhibitor chromium mesoporphyrin (CrMP) (2×10‐5 M) (P<0.05), but not by ROS inhibitor tempol (SOD mimetic)(1×10‐5 M) or the H2O2 scavenger, catalase (100U/ml). Both tempol and catalase minimized the cerebral vasodilation produced by 0.2mM U/ml xanthine and 0.2mM xanthine oxidase. These data suggest that CO independent of ROS is involved in the cerebral vasodilation produced by AA and PGE2.


The various schemes currently used for controlling the noise of aircraft engine test stands and warm‐up operations on the ground are briefly surveyed. The first step is to evaluate a design goal for acceptable levels in the neighborhood for the installation. The size of cross section required to handle the intake and exhaust gases is determined from the amount of air consumed, the temperature, acceptable gas velocities, and the aerodynamic pressure drops. The modern trend in size of engines is such as to require cross sections of 200 sq ft or more. Several different styles of structures have been found successful. The various types used—steel mufflers, duct splitters, and plenums and 180‐degree bends—are discussed, and typical data are given for each type. Economic considerations are emphasized. The use of scale model acoustic tests for untried acoustic designs is strongly recommended.


While household credit booms and busts are not new phenomena, the financial crisis in 2008 and its devastating effects have spurred a deeper examination of the mechanics underlying these episodes. We review this growing literature and attempt to answer four primary questions: What drove the recent (and previous) household credit booms? What factors precipitated the tipping point in household borrowing in the economy? How did the following deleveraging efforts affect the economy? Can the literature guide us on how to avoid these destructive cycles or mitigate the damage in the future? Looking at the origins of the recent episode we find more evidence supporting the "irrational exuberance" demand-side view espoused by Robert Shiller than an exclusive supply-side explanation that stresses loosening mortgage credit standards as argued by Atif Mian and Amir Sufi. However, both perspectives likely are important and researchers remain far from reaching a consensus on the origins or implications and any of the other key aspects of the recent episode. The double leverage cycle and its violent unwinding triggered by "scary bad news" put forth by John Geanakoplos is the most compelling model of a tipping point. Whether deleveraging per se was responsible for the slow recovery remains uncertain as important structural factors such as demographic, technological or political changes were also at play during this time, confounding identification. Given the uncertainty surrounding the recent episode, few prescriptions are available for policymakers. William R. Emmons Lowell R. Ricketts Center for Household Financial Stability Center for Household Financial Stability Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com Prepared for the symposium TIPPING POINTS: MAPPING AND UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF DEBT ON HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL WELL-BEING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH A Research Symposium June 22, 2017 | New York, New York Version: November 2017 JEL No. E32, E44, E51, G01 1 The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis or the Federal Reserve System.


The present case report attempts to study the current scenario regarding the latest decision of DCGI for banning certain drug vide the Gazette of India G.S.R.910 (E), the Gazette of India G.S.R.82 (E), and the Gazette of India G.S.R.218 (E). Pharmacovigilance is the science of collecting, monitoring, researching, assessing and evaluating information from healthcare providers and patients on the adverse effects of medications, biological products, herbalism and traditional medicines. If through Pharmacovigilance, adverse events are found to be critical, DCGI takes the action to ban such a drug in India. Recently DCGI banned drugs Rosiglitazone, Nimesulide, Cisapride, Phenylpropanolamine, Sibutramine, Gatifloxacin and Tegasorid for certain indications and specific group of patients. It was thought to carry out a survey pertaining to these drugs availability in the medical shops to reveal the implementation of the highest authority's decision in this matter. For this, a random visit to various medical stores in and around Bhopal, Vidisha, Raisen, and Indore (Madhya Pradesh) was made with prescription containing the above mentioned drugs to reveal the exact scenario of their availability and dispensing by the pharmacist. The case report reveals the pathetic condition of implementation of law regarding such matters. Also the Community Pharmacists are not well aware about the reasons behind such prohibition of sale of these aforementioned drugs. This problem can be resolved by Educating the Community Pharmacist through continuing Education program.


An improved technique for the location of hot spots in proteins based on the use of a bandpass notch (BPN) filter is described. The BPN filter is designed by specifying a stability margin and then minimizing the area under the amplitude response so as to achieve maximum selectivity for the chosen stability margin. Preliminary results indicate that the use of a BPN filter leads to improved hot-spot prediction compared to results obtained with classical filters investigated earlier by the authors such as inverse-Chebyshev filters. The results also show that the improved technique yields predictions that are consistent with results based on biological methodologies. In addition, the technique reveals certain new 'potential' hot-spot locations which could be investigated further by the biological community.


Animals have evolved a bewildering diversity of mechanisms to determine the two sexes. Studies of sex determination genes – their history and function – in non‐model insects and Drosophila have allowed us to begin to understand the generation of sex determination diversity. One common theme from these studies is that evolved mechanisms produce activities in either males or females to control a shared gene switch that regulates sexual development. Only a few small‐scale changes in existing and duplicated genes are sufficient to generate large differences in sex determination systems. This review summarises recent findings in insects, surveys evidence of how and why sex determination mechanisms can change rapidly and suggests fruitful areas of future research.


This paper presents a more active and efficient recycling investment strategy that considers the balances among the current production constraints, manufacturing profits, and recycling investments for a sustainable circular economy as compared to the current methods. While existing production planning has numerous uncertainties and nonlinear characteristics, the circular economy-based production planning constitutes more complex uncertainties and nonlinear characteristics that result from an uncertain return rate, demand uncertainties, and nonlinear return on investment costs. This paper suggests a stochastic nonlinear programming model-based active recycling investment framework so as to generate a more effective process plan to handle these characteristics. In the proposed framework, recycling investment strategies are quantitatively analyzed when considering uncertain demand and unclear production conditions. In addition, the effective solving techniques for the circular economy based production framework are obtained while using Monte-Carlo based sample average approximation and memetic algorithm. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed framework, it is implemented for a given system and the numerical analyses that were conducted for the various sustainable manufacturing scenarios.


India's urbanization rate has increased from 26% in 1991 to 35% in 2021, and it is expected to reach 41% by 2030 (World Bank 2022). In response to this, as the backbone of its growing economy, the country's infrastructure development, particularly transportation development, has been heavily emphasized. The railway sector will see an investment of $715.41 billion by 2030. Along with a series of supporting government policies, an opportunity to expand the high-speed rail (HSR) network has been presented in India. From the viewpoint of the government, HSR is an effective tool to address the surge in travel demand because of its mass transportation, high speed, and high energy efficiency (Suzuki et al. 2022). Besides, HSR projects bring about a ripple effect on the Indian economy by generating local employment opportunities, catalyzing the steel and cement sector and galvanizing AatmaNirbhar Bharat (an initiative by the Government of India to make the country self-reliant) through the indigenization of technology (National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited 2022). From the perspective of communities and individuals, HSR improves their quality of life by offering a faster and safer transportation option for work and travel.


We highly appreciate the efforts of all authors in preparing and submitting their papers to DMWPC 2011. Last, but not least, we thank all of the attendees for contributing to the success of this workshop. We hope you will find the scientific program rewarding. The papers capture a snapshot of the current state of research and development in the wireless and pervasive data management field. We hope that it will serve as an invaluable reference and a source of new ideas for future research in the area.


Habitat conservation planning aims to find a balance between the protection of endangered species on nonfederal land and the protection of private property rights, a topic that has recently become polarized among parties with conflicting interests. More than 90% of endangered species in the United States are estimated to occupy at least some private land (GAO 1994). It is unreasonable to expect all that land to be put into public ownership, but it may also be unreasonable to expect private landowners to bear the full responsibility for the protection of the endangered species on their land. Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) prohibits the "taking," on both


The crystal structures of N-para-bromobenzoyl-ot-aminoisobutyric acid (1), and its S(4H)-oxazolone (2) and methyl ester (3) derivatives have been determined by X-ray difTraction techniques. The Compounds possess the foUowing parameters: (1) monocUnic, space group P l i j a , a = 10.057(4), b = 12.733(4), c = 9.706(4) k, ß = 99.8(3)°, and Z = 4; (2) monocUnic, P2,/fl, a = 12.637(4), b = 7.818(3), c = 12.241(4) A, /? = 110.7(2)°, and Z = 4;(3)orthorhombicPca6,a = 17.615(5),Ä = 14.357(5), c = 10.251(4) Ä, Z = 8. The crystal structures were solved by direct methods. The least-squares refinements led Xo.R values of0.067,0.047 and 0.048 for 1205, 1510 and 734 reflections with / > 3 ff(I) for 1 3 , respectively. The conformation of Compounds (1) and (3) is remarkably simülar, with a trans amide bond and folding about the N—aC bond. The C = N bond of the oxazolone group of Compound (2) is not conjugated with the ester moiety.


Clay fractions of soils which contain intergrades of chlorite-expansible 2:1 layer silicates from three states were studied. The citrate, fluoride, and 400° and 500°C. dehyroxylation-NaOH methods of removing the interlayer materials were compared. The latter method removed more interlayer material than either of the other two methods as indicated by greater collapse of potassium-saturated samples heated at various temperatures from 300° to 600°C. The greater effectiveness of the dehydroxylation—NaOH method compared to the other two methods was more evident for clays which contained larger amounts of interlayer material. The Al, Si, and Fe extracted by the dehydroxylation-NaOH method were determined. The soil clays contained differing amounts of interlayer material, possibly allophanic in part, which varied between about 1 to 2% alumina (400°C. minus 110°C. extractions), corresponding to about 4 to 8% chlorite equivalent. The heat stability of the 14A. peak increased with quantity of differentially soluble interlayer alumina. The cation-exchange capacity of the Cookeville Aₚ horizon, 2 to 0.2µ fraction, increased from 38.0 me. to 61.2 me. per 100 g. while the corresponding increase in specific surface by the mono-interlayer method was from 79 m.² per g. to 148 m.² per g. on dissolution of interlayers.


Classical MAC and DAC are reexamined in the light of e-government. In this paper, we focus on the information flows, which have been addressed by classical MAC, in my view, somewhat inadequately, and never been addressed by classical DAC.


Triage on the battlefield is a very challenging task. Life of the wounded soldiers depends on the efficiency of this process and there is still lack of supporting solutions. This paper presents a new approach for using Internet of Military Things in combat triage. We propose an ontological approach to evaluate soldiers' health state and information framework which allows first responders and commanders to query the sensor network for needed information. Some simulation experiments were conducted, which results show that the proposed method can be applied in highly distributed and heterogeneous environment of the smart devices on the battlefield.


It is studied the critical spinning speed of a spinning isotropic Timoshenko beam with free-free boundary condition under a tip follower force. The critical speeds are computed for various non-dimensional parameters. Isoparametric element is used to analyze the two dimensional Timoshenko beam. For a beam with free-free end condition, a convergence test of critical spinning speed is performed. The effects of follower force, shear deformation and rotary inertia on critical spinning speed of beam are studied.


Aim: To improve the solubility and antibacterial activity of trimethoprim (TMP) by preparing its multicomponent crystals with malic acid (MA).
Methods: Multicomponent crystals of TMP-MA were prepared by solvent co-evaporation. The solid-state properties were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The solubility was investigated in an aqueous medium, while the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was investigated using the agar disk diffusion method.
Results: The PXRD pattern of the TMP-MA binary system differed from the starting materials, supporting the formation of a new crystalline phase (equimolar ratio). The DTA thermogram showed a single, sharp, endothermic peak at 212.5 °C attributable to the TMP-MA multicomponent crystal's melting point. FT-IR spectroscopy showed a solid-state interaction involving proton transfer between TMP and MA. The multicomponent crystal displayed a 2.5-fold higher solubility and had increased antibacterial activity compared to TMP alone.
Conclusions: The TMP-MA binary system forms salt-type multicomponent crystals that significantly increase solubility and antibacterial activity. Multicomponent crystal formation is a viable technique for modifying the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients.


Aim of the study Evaluation and improving of periodontal status through alignment of the molars in mesial tipping. Material and methods We studied 26 patients, affected by aggresive periodontitis, with age between 26-35 years old, with extracted 3.6 and 4.6 from different reasons and second molar rotated and mesialized. Periodontal clinical exam revealed thin gingival tissue of 3-4 mm (21 cases, 80, 7%) on the mesial surface of the second molar. Radiographic exam revealed the enlargement of the periodontal space and the resorbtion of the interproximal mesial bone. The treatment for the second molar consisted in fixed orthodontic devices and different uprighting techniques depending on the periodontal status of the patient: 50% with uprighting spring, 30% with orthodontic implant and 20% with tip back technique. Results After treatment it was noticed an improving of the gingival tissue status, the reduction of the periodontal pockets with 2 mm and the reshaping of the bone. Conclusions Orthodontic treatment applied to partial toothless aims to create optimal conditions for the insertion of oral implants to represent elements of support for future prosthetic reconstruction.


This paper presents the research directions pursued by the WiPLASH European project, pioneering on-chip wireless communications as a disruptive enabler towards next-generation computing systems for artificial intelligence (AI). We illustrate the holistic approach driving our research efforts, which encompass expertises and abstraction levels ranging from physical design of embedded graphene antennas to system-level evaluation of wirelessly-communicating heterogeneous systems.


This paper advances understanding of electronic government and reports a systematic literature review of electronic government websites. The review includes studies that appeared in the literature after 2000 since starting in that year, several electronic government stage models and insights into electronic service quality were offered. Five themes were synthesised: perspectives of medium quality, evaluation measurement (usability measurement), comparison and benchmarking of electronic government website development, citizen visitation and engagement, and government-citizen relationship. The originality of the research lies in structuring understanding of such website during public service delivery, elucidating the importance and subjective role of the medium by synthesising the literature and demonstrating what is known about electronic government websites, and what direction needs to be further established.


ABSTRACT Sankofa is an Akan principle which philosophizes that in order to move forward and build a future, one must reach into the past to retrieve that which is at risk of being left behind or forgotten. Marvel Cinema's Black Panther which is usually perceived as a speculative, Afrofuturist representation of Black identities has a strong concern with the historical African past. In its construction of the futuristic, high-tech African nation Wakanda, the film brings into play some aspects of erstwhile ancient African cultural practices which faded out, or were disregarded during and after colonialism. In this paper I argue that in its treatment of the futurist African space, Black Panther shows many analogies consistent with the Sankofa theory and also shows a de-colonial agenda. I first elaborate on the Sankofa theory by outlining its history and relevance. Secondly, I examine the treatment of three indigenous practices in the film: Wakandan architecture, Wakandan writing systems and the representation of Wakandan women, as elements Black Panther retrieves from the ancient African past in order to build its futuristic African space.


The worst disaster year in the state's history happened in 2008 with 82 of 92 counties receiving a Presidential declaration. " The efforts you've put forward are appreciated and the good that you've done to be able to help folks who have suffered by these disasters has been incredible, " said Joe Wainscott, executive director at IDHS. But the Indiana Department of Homeland Security (IDHS) has completed and had many more accomplishments than response to disasters. Throughout all of this, teamwork did prevail. " Teamwork really showed what we're made of, what our folks are made of, and we continue to work together, " added Wainscott.


Fieldhouse observed that any finitely presented left R-module P is projective with respect to pure exact sequences, i.e. can always be completed to a commutative diagram when the sequence is pure exact. A left R-module A is absolutely pure if it is a pure submodule of every module which contains it.


The imminent changes to federal linear fluorescent product standards removing the majority of T-12 lamps from the US market, will increase the minimum baseline energy efficiency level for retrofit projects. This will dramatically reduce previously available commercial lighting savings, an important resource for energy efficiency programs. Program implementers will need other commercial and industrial lighting resources in order to meet rising electric energy savings targets and fill this void. A comprehensive technique that combines advanced lighting equipment, controls and design principles yields more savings per lighting project (and provides better quality lighting), yet this method remains foreign to the contractors that provide much of the retrofit lighting services in the Pacific Northwest. Program implementers find it difficult to promote this approach with trade allies because it increases project costs and requires more time for design. The Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA), in partnership with several utilities, and the Energy Trust of Oregon (ETO), is piloting this technique with increased program requirements and incentives, and by providing technical training, sales training, and project "coaching". Pilot programs testing this combination (collectively referred to as the "comprehensive approach" herein) are being conducted between mid-2011 to mid-2012 and target known top-performing trade allies in several states. Pilot program activities are providing a wide variety of insights into utility lighting program design and implementation. Lessons learned include: a) the necessity to provide detailed specifications and guidelines for project requirements; b) targeting trade allies that are already experienced with basic lighting design, or focus on energy efficient lighting as a large portion of their business; c) the importance of both technical and sales trainings to help trade allies develop and sell projects that meet standards; d) consideration of integrating some of the standards into existing programs and providing training to allies on how to implement these standards, and, e) owner marketing is needed to help the trade allies in the field. Participating utilities have offered different incentive structures, and have learned the importance of rewarding increased effort and savings. It is important to note that comprehensive program options should be structured and tiered carefully within a utility's portfolio so that trade 1 According to interviews by Evergreen Consulting, who is on contract with Bonneville Power Administration, the Energy Trust of Oregon, Idaho Power Company and other northwest utilities to run their lighting trade ally networks. 10-247 ©2012 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings allies and owners can easily choose the offer that best suits their needs and avoids confusion between offers. Results of the pilot programs will be solidified with both qualitative and quantitative evaluation by summer 2012. Background – The Situation in the Northwest The Pacific Northwest, like the rest of the country, faces the challenge of the new federal standards and their impacts on commercial and industrial lighting programs. T-8s fluorescent lamps will soon become the baseline efficient technology on which utility incentive programs are structured. The exact impacts are unknown and difficult to anticipate, but it is clear that the bar for retrofit incentives will be raised. Lighting equipment replacements, especially retrofit conversion to T-8s from T-12s linear fluorescent lamps have long been the "bread and butter" of realized kWh savings for commercial and industrial lighting efficiency programs in the Northwest. As late as 2010, some service territories in the Northwest attributed over 50% of their commercial lighting savings to T-12 replacements. Electrical contractors and other lighting related trade allies have been doing these retrofit projects for the past 15–20 years and have ingrained, almost habitual practices, which includes counting fixtures, determining replacements, and presenting a simple payback proposal to the customer. These lighting retrofit projects typically do not take advantage of current lighting design best practices, do not aim to meet current IES recommended light levels and do not address all of the potential efficient lighting opportunities available in the space. There is great opportunity for program implementers to realize deeper savings and move trade allies toward best lighting practices in the retrofit market. Changes in Technology For many building types and applications, one of the next big jumps in lighting savings centers on combining advanced equipment, controls and best design principles that yield greater energy savings per project. Currently, there is not another market-ready technology to immediately fill the "one-for-one" gap that will be left when the current T12 to T8 conversions' energy savings resource is no longer commercially viable. Northwest utilities have yet to agree on which emerging products are currently ready for program implementation. A comprehensive lighting redesign applying current best practices, is a logical component to achieve continued and deeper savings in future program portfolios. However, to be viable, the approach needs to balance contractor costs, owner resources, and utility program cost effectiveness requirements. Applying these techniques remains foreign to a large majority of electrical and lighting contractors that work in the retrofit market. In order to succeed, program implementers need to teach "old dogs" – lighting electrical contractors and trade allies who have been serving utility 2 Based on the analysis of the Northwest Power and Planning Council's 5 year plan. 3 Based on reports of Northwest utility incentives. 4 Per CEE's 2011 review of lighting retrofit potentials, for example 5 LEDs are advancing very quickly, but according to DOE's CALiPER reports, may not be ready with qualified, cost-effective products for many applications. 10-248 ©2012 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings lighting programs for years, "new tricks" – the basics of lighting design best practices and the integration with controls. The region is grappling with this challenge through a variety of strategies.


: One of the hospitals in Surabaya that accepts patients using BPJS facilities is the Jemursari Islamic Hospital (RSI). Islamic Hospital (RSI) Jemursari Surabaya is one of the hospitals in Surabaya that provides BPJS Health services for Muslim and non-Muslim communities. RSI Jemursari Surabaya and BPJS are jointly committed to serving the lower middle class community with better and affordable services, including high-cost services, such as hemodialysis (dialysis), surgery, heart disease, and so on. The snowball sampling approach was used in this study by giving questionnaires to BPJS RSI Jemursari patients who had been treated at this hospital and were randomly selected as samples. The city of Surabaya was chosen as the distribution location for the surveys, ensuring that the 220 respondents picked are in line with expectations. Non-probability sampling and snowball sampling are the sampling techniques employed. Six of the nine hypotheses investigated were supported, while three were rejected, according to data analysis.


We demonstrated the realization and characterization of a solid photonic bandgap fiber (SPBF) with a compact size of about 10 mm and a high wavelength sensitivity of up to -4.034 nm/°C by means of fully infiltrating an ultraviolet curable polymer with a high refractive index of 1.515 into air holes of a photonic crystal fiber (PCF). To the best of our knowledge, it was the first time that the SPBF with tunable bandgaps was fabricated in the conventional index-guiding PCF. Compared with conventional fluid filled PBFs, the proposed SPBF can be stable to temperature and other environmental effects and maintain a large extinction ratio of more than 30 dB within a broad wavelength. The splicing between the SPBF and single mode fibers has been solved. Moreover, it is observed that the bandwidth of bandgap (G2) gradually broadens with the increase in temperature.


The issue of "peasant, countryside and agriculture" became the focus of discussion. Only with the great support could the rural economy develop. But the defect of financial structure in rural areas, still remains. The paper examined the current type and features of financial organization in rural areas. Five innovations were presented to improve the defect.


;8-Spironaphthoxazines 1 undergo oxidative addition of the C-N bond of the indoline moiety at ambient temperature upon treatment with the labile Ru(0) precursor, Ru(η 4 -cycloocta-l,5-diene)(η 6 -naphthalene) (2), to give the Ru(II) complex with the naphtholato-tethered 1,4-diazabuta-1,3-diene ligand 3. The reaction should be triggered by chelation of the isomeric azanaphthoquinone structure, which should bring the C-N bond to the position suitable for the oxidative addition.


Objective To explore the effect of angina pectoris in 48 hours before the initial of acute myocardial infarct on the heart function of acute myocardial infarct.Method All acute myocardial infarct patients were divided into two groups based in having typical angina pectoris in 48 hours before acute myocardial infarct.The data were done with statistical treatment.Result The patients who had typical angina pectoris in 48 hours before acute myocardial infarct had better heart function than the patients who had no typical angina pectoris.Conclusion The patients who had typical angina pectoris in 48 hours before acute myocardial infarct would reduce injuring for the myocardial and prefect the heart function.The mechanism of action may be ischemic precondition.


[This abstract is based on the author's abstract.] A paint manufacturing firm faced the problem of low resistivity in one of its important resin products. Company personnel attempted several changes in the existing recipe for the product but did not im..


At the end of World War II roughly 300,000 American GIs were deployed as occupation forces in Germany. Many of them quickly developed intimate relations with their former enemies. Those informal interactions played a significant role in the transformation of Germany from enemy to ally of the United States, argues Petra Goedde in this study. Goedde finds that as American soldiers fraternized with German civilians, particularly as they formed sexual relationships with women, they developed a feminised image of Germany that contrasted sharply with their wartime image of the aggressive Nazi stormtrooper. A perception of German "victimhood" emerged that was fostered by the German population and adopted by Americans. According to Goedde, this new view of Germany provided a foundation for the political rapprochement that developed between the two countries even before the advent of the Cold War. Her provocative findings suggest that the study of foreign relations should focus on interactions not only between politicians and diplomats but also between ordinary citizens.


Research background, nowadays in The globalization era of each company is not only focused on getting profits, but the companies have CSR program as the primary concern of each company around the world. CSR is an excellent program for each company to invest long term relationships with the community, environment, and social. Research problem, this study aims to analyze corporate social responsibility on customer trust: the mediating effects of reputation and word of mouth in PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur.The literature review in this study focuses on the influence of corporate social responsibility on customer trust, and explore the mediating effects on reputation and word of mouth. Methodology, the respondents are consumers who have experience purchasing products and knows CSR programs in Indofood. This study applies structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses. Results, the findings of this study, corporate social responsibility has a negative impact customer trust. CSR has significant positive impacts on corporate reputation and word of mouth. The mediating effect has positive relationship between reputation and word of mouth.


It is important to consider ways to help planning students develop a concern for social justice before they enter professional life. In previous decades, particularly the 1960s and 1970s, the task of instilling a sense of social commitment among planning students was not so difficult. Students were very likely to come into the classroom with a heightened awareness of social justice concerns, in great part because of the civil rights movement and because of an "urban crisis" that may have actually called them into the profession. In the current situation, in which such background and sense of urgency cannot be assumed, it is important to consider ways in which to create classroom learning experiences that foster a sense of social consciousness. Only a limited number of tools exist that can help with this process, however, and each has advantages and disadvantages. Planning history is one of these tools, but it has value only if used carefully and with purposeful preparation on the part of the instructor.


In 1974, the important Russian nationalist samizdat journal Veche was suppressed by the KGB after a three-year existence and its editor, Vladimir Osipov, sentenced to eight years in the camps. Though this has not been sufficiently understood in the West, Veche represented a publication of considerable political significance, serving as a sounding-board for most strands of contemporary ethnic Russian nationalism. In this respect, the title was most appropriate: the word veche refers to the medieval popular assembly. Today Veche remains the unsurpassed source for every student of this important ideological current in the USSR, a trend which, moreover, continues to have sympathisers in the ranks of the Party-state elite and the Soviet military. * The KGB has apparently resolved not to permit sequentially numbered Russian nationalist samizdat journals to appear in the future. Thus Obshchina (Community), a publication of the Moscow-based ReligioPhilosophical Seminar headed by Alexandr Ogorodnikov, now in prison, was the object of severe harassment and persecution by the authorities, as was the journal Mariya, organ of a most interesting Russian Orthodox women's club, whose leaders were expelled to the West (others have i~ince been arrested). Given this situation, it was with some surprise that one learned of the appearance in 1980 and 1981 of a samizdat almanac, Mnogaya teta (Many Years), l edited by the conservative nationalist Gennadi Shimanov. Each issue of the almanac contained approximately two hundred pages. One wondered why the regime would permit Shimanov and his authors' collective (Felix Karelin and Vladimir Ibragimov being the most noteworthy contributors) to engage tn such activity. An examination of Mnogaya teta, which is now available in the West,2 suggests an answer to this question. Whereas Veche, while professing its "loyalty" to the Soviet state, had focused on points of conflict between the regime and Russian nationalists for example, the widespread and


Solitary necrotic nodule (SNN) of the liver is a very uncommon benign lesion, and it is detected incidentally as a rule. It is important to differentiate SNN radiologically from various single hepatic nodules because SNN mimics hepatic metastasis, especially in staging work up of known primary malignancy. The reported imaging findings of SNN are well-defined nodule without enhancement or with subtle peripheral enhancement. There has been no report about the target-like SNN of the liver and about the imaging finding of 3T magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. We report a case of targetlike SNN of the liver, mimicking hepatic metastasis, with findings of various imaging modalities and try to find a cause of this nodule according to the pathologic and literature review.


The paper contains a description of postgraduate education for general practice in Flanders (Belgium), including the links between undergraduate and postgraduate education, the educational principles and tools, the examinations and the instruments for quality assurance. The items were selected in order to point at the differences compared to postgraduate training in Germany.


Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computer Tomography (CT) are routinely used together to detect tumors. PET/CT segmentation models can automate tumor delineation, however, current multimodal models do not fully exploit the complementary information in each modality, as they either concatenate PET and CT data or fuse them at the decision level. To combat this, we propose Mirror U-Net, which replaces traditional fusion methods with multimodal fission by factorizing the multimodal representation into modality-specific branches and an auxiliary multimodal decoder. At these branches, Mirror U-Net assigns a task tailored to each modality to reinforce unimodal features while preserving multimodal features in the shared representation. In contrast to previous methods that use either fission or multi-task learning, Mirror U-Net combines both paradigms in a unified framework. We explore various task combinations and examine which parameters to share in the model. We evaluate Mirror U-Net on the AutoPET PET/CT and on the multimodal MSD BrainTumor datasets, demonstrating its effectiveness in multimodal segmentation and achieving state-of-the-art performance on both datasets. Our code will be made publicly available.


Author Note: Our client for this Capstone Project is the Department of Defense's Joint Artificial Intelligence Center (JAIC), an organization that works to harness the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The JAIC uses different forms of AI to develop new military and government capabilities as well as increase efficiency within already existing programs. The JAIC is divided into six different mission initiatives. This project supports the JAIC's Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) initiative to advance search and rescue operations through technical platforms in order to optimize response times and effectiveness by better connecting victims with first responders with the proper critical lifesaving equipment. Abstract: The Department of Defense is often called upon to support Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief efforts to include domestic Search and Rescue operations. The key to success in these operations is the rapid identification of the location of the incident, equipment required, and the conditions of injured personnel. This research focused on improving search and rescue operations through the means of a technological platform to collect and organize vital information. The project seeks to develop a program architecture that will model a response system that will efficiently and effectively connect victims to first responders.


This paper makes an analysis of the popularity of Jin Yong Novels from the perspective of communication.Firstly,it analyzes that the information charm of the spreading of Jin Yong Novels lies in that they integrate the splendid traditional Chinese culture with the modern spirit;secondly,these novels could meet the complicated mental requirements of the readers and tally with the national mentality and aesthetic sentiment;and lastly,the unsurmountable effect is achieved through taking the advantages of a combination of communication tools such as mass media,electronic media and network media.


What does water mean to contemporary society today? This paper is interested in water and race; Blackness specifically, wherein the Middle Passage (Mid-Atlantic Slave Trade) marks the beginning of a fraught and complex relationship between African-Americans and water...typified many might argue by Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath in 2005. This article looks backward at water's ability to destroy and to create through lenses focused on race and art: something akin to water as a symbol of America's complicated relationship with race. Using cultural texts such as art and film this piece works to unsettle the intimate connections of power, gender, and sexuality and offer alternative cartographies of empowerment and survival with regard to racialization and water.


Pregnancy is a complex experience for the woman and several factors may facilitate or harm the course of this process. The literature suggests that parental support during pregnancy is crucial in psychological development of the child as well as the quality of the mother-infant relationship. In this sense it is plausible to think that the lack of parental support may eventually result in diffi culties for this transitional moment. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the feelings and expectations of unmarried pregnant women in relation to their babies. Attended nine primiparae aged 19 to 28 years,


This thesis introduces the basics of the PCI standard and shows us different
aspects of development, and how the PCI interface works. First, it introduces
the PCI interface as the hardware device developer sees it - as different logical
circuits interconnected, and second through the eyes of the driver developer -
as an address space and a set of registers.
It explains the main signals that are important for understanding this standard.
It shows the configuration procedure of the PCI interface and the meaning
of different registers that are involved in the process. Where important, it
explains the meaning of certain bits in the registers.
In greater detail, it elaborates the operation of the basic data and configuration
transactions, and how they are used within specific clock cycles. It shows us
how the device behaves, given some specific values of configuration registers.
It sets up a starting point to developing a hardware interface.
In shorter detail this thesis shows how operating systems work in general,
and explains how GNU/Linux operates. It explains which are the roles of
the kernel, which are the roles of the driver, and how drivers are classified in
GNU/Linux operating system. It shows an example of how to develop a simple
driver. Finally, it shows how the driver and PCI interface, built for this thesis,
operate.


Vaccines often contain preservatives, adjuvants, additives, or manufacturing residuals in addition to pathogen-specific immunogens. Some parents, alerted by stories in the news media or information contained on the World Wide Web, are concerned that some of the substances contained in vaccines might harm their children. We reviewed data on thimerosal, aluminum, gelatin, human serum albumin, formaldehyde, antibiotics, egg proteins, and yeast proteins. Both gelatin and egg proteins are contained in vaccines in quantities sufficient to induce rare instances of severe, immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. However, quantities of mercury, aluminum, formaldehyde, human serum albumin, antibiotics, and yeast proteins in vaccines have not been found to be harmful in humans or experimental animals. Pediatrics 2003;112:1394–1401; vaccine safety, thimerosal, aluminum, formaldehyde, gelatin, egg proteins, yeast proteins. ABBREVIATIONS. FDA, Food and Drug Administration; DTaP, diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis; Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type B; EPA, Environmental Protection Agency; ATSDR, Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry; MMR, measles-mumpsrubella; IgE, immunoglobulin E; CJD, Creutzfeld-Jacob disease; BSE, bovine spongiform encephalopathy; vCJD, variant Creutzfeld-Jacob disease. Vaccines contain live viruses, killed viruses, purified viral proteins, inactivated bacterial toxins, or bacterial polysaccharides. In addition to these immunogens, vaccines often contain other substances. For example, vaccines may contain preservatives that prevent bacterial or fungal contamination (eg, thimerosal); adjuvants that enhance antigen-specific immune responses (eg, aluminum salts); or additives that stabilize live, attenuated viruses (eg, gelatin, human serum albumin). Furthermore, vaccines may contain residual quantities of substances used during the manufacturing process (eg, formaldehyde, antibiotics, egg proteins, yeast proteins). Some parents, alerted by stories in the news media or on the World Wide Web, are concerned that substances such as thimerosal, formaldehyde, aluminum, antibiotics, and gelatin are harmful. We review safety data obtained from human exposure and experimental animal studies that address these concerns.


Solving mobile manipulation tasks in inaccessible and dangerous environments is an important application of robots to support humans. Example domains are construction and maintenance of manned and unmanned stations on the moon and other planets. Suitable platforms require flexible and robust hardware, a locomotion approach that allows for navigating a wide variety of terrains, dexterous manipulation capabilities, and respective user interfaces. We present the CENTAURO system which has been designed for these requirements and consists of the Centauro robot and a set of advanced operator interfaces with complementary strength enabling the system to solve a wide range of realistic mobile manipulation tasks. The robot possesses a centaur‐like body plan and is driven by torque‐controlled compliant actuators. Four articulated legs ending in steerable wheels allow for omnidirectional driving as well as for making steps. An anthropomorphic upper body with two arms ending in five‐finger hands enables human‐like manipulation. The robot perceives its environment through a suite of multimodal sensors. The resulting platform complexity goes beyond the complexity of most known systems which puts the focus on a suitable operator interface. An operator can control the robot through a telepresence suit, which allows for flexibly solving a large variety of mobile manipulation tasks. Locomotion and manipulation functionalities on different levels of autonomy support the operation. The proposed user interfaces enable solving a wide variety of tasks without previous task‐specific training. The integrated system is evaluated in numerous teleoperated experiments that are described along with lessons learned.


This paper presents procedure for calibrating several sensors used for multispectral 3D surface scanning. Besides intrinsic parameters evaluates also the mutual position of sensor relatively to each other. Such parameters can be used for further data fusion, e.g. using ray tracing method. The method is deeply described to be able to reconstruct it and its functioning is experimentally verified.


Background: Breast reconstruction plays a vital role in the restoration of form post-mastectomy. Autologous breast reconstructions using both free as well as pedicled flaps form the bulk of the breast reconstruction in our centre. Objective: This study seeks to evaluate the muscle-sparing modification of the pedicled transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (MS-TRAM) flaps against conventional transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps, in an attempt to marry the benefits of both and minimise the drawbacks of each technique. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of 20 women, 10 of whom had undergone unilateral immediate breast reconstruction with pedicled MS-TRAM flaps after skin-sparing mastectomy (MS group), and 10 who had undergone the conventional pedicled TRAM flap (control group) by the same surgeon (S. Ho) over a two-year period from 2013 to 2015 was performed. Patients' records were reviewed, assessing patient demographics including age, smoking status and evaluating the operative time, time to ambulation, length of hospital stay, pain scores and abdominal bulge rates. Results: Mean operative time was not significantly longer in the MS group. Pain scores were lower in the MS group. The length of hospital stay was not significantly different between the two groups. Abdominal bulge rates at 24 months postoperatively were 0% in the MS group patients and 10% in the control group. Conclusion The pedicled MS-TRAM flap is an excellent breast reconstruction option that is comparable to the conventional TRAM flap. It preserves innervated muscle in the donor site that reduces time to ambulation and postoperative pain. It does not add significantly to surgical time and does not require microvascular anastomosis.


Background of the study: Hypothyroidism is known to affect electrolyte, fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. Though the effects of thyroid hormones on lipid profile has been well established, the effects on electrolytes and certain minerals like calcium, magnesium and phosphorus is not clear and the underlying mechanisms responsible for these changes are not well understood. Aim and objectives: The objective was to find out the effects of hypothyroidism on certain electrolytes and minerals levels. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in Dept. of Physiology in collaboration with Medicine, Endocrinology and Biochemistry.100 cases of overt hypothyroidism of both genders aged 25-60 years were chosen,100 age and sex matched healthy controls were chosen. Blood samples were collected from them and serum TSH, total T3, T4, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus levels were measured. The values of the above parameters of cases and controls were compared and statistical analysis was made. Results: It was found that the levels of serum sodium, potassium and calcium were significantly decreased in cases than the controls. Serum magnesium and phosphorus were significantly elevated in cases than controls. Conclusion: From this study we were able to conclude that higher the TSH levels, higher will be serum magnesium and phosphorus in the blood and lower will be serum sodium, potassium and calcium levels.


The effectiveness of traditional type checking in C is limited by the presence of type conversions using type casts. Because the C standard allows arbitrary type conversions between pointer types, ...


Today, according to the increasing spread of information wh ich people deal with, taking advantage of methods such as data mining to extract hidden knowledge from data is inevita ble. Due to the extremely high volume of data in many applicat ions and higher importance of new data, storage of these data is no t effective in cost, so clustering these data is more importa nt because of the data that are processed are always changing dynamical ly. Another problem in data mining is the issue of clustering of graph data stream. According to a number of existing algorithms fo r graph data stream clustering, choosing an appropriate alg orithm has been challenged, which its challenge is time and space compl exity. On the other hand, the uncertainty in edge graph strea m should be taken into consideration to ensure reliable results that ha ve not been investigated in studies so far. In this paper, a no vel algorithm, for clustering of graph data stream considering uncertainty is investigated in a dynamic environment. Generally, the main innovation of this paper is to provide an approach for clustering uncertai n graph data stream possessing a concept drift and dynamic. T he results of the experiments conducted in this paper indicate the suitab ility of the proposed approach to this problem. Its time and s pace complexity is also reasonable.