In teaching complex analysis,one always faces difficulties in explaining the multiple-value functions.In his textbook,Professor Zhong Yuquan is quite successful in handling this problem.He presents the methods of dividing multiple-valued functions into single-valued branch and calculate the values of the functions through some examples.He summarizes these methods,and concludes that: once an original value is given,one can only get the values at other points through continuous change of variables.This is completely different from the traditional substitution method.However,after the summary he still uses the substitution method to calculate Arcsin2.We think that this defeats his own method just established,and confuses the readers. In this paper,we would like to share with the readers an alternative elementary method to calculate Arcsin2,through a discussion on dividing Arcsinz into single-valued branch.


discovered among seedlings being grown for experimental use, and suggested that the condition may have arisen from a bud mutation. Horne 3 / mentioned and illustrated such plants and stated that the modified, albino-type leaves were composed of tissues similar to those of the white leaf scales which normally appear at the base of the stem of young avocado seedlings. In 1952, Haas 4 / reported on some studies in which he obtained a high percentage of abnormal avocado seedlings grown from a lot of seeds taken from a parent tree infected with the virus that causes the disease known as avocado "sun-blotch". Inasmuch as another lot of seeds from a tree believed not to be infected with this virus, yielded no offtype seedlings, Haas concluded that seed-transmitted virus was responsible for the disordered development. No transmission tests were made to demonstrate if sun-blotch virus was present at any time in the abnormal plants. All affected seedlings were reported to have recovered by the gradual production of normal appearing tissues and the symptoms suspected of being sun-blotch did not reappear. Because of their interest in the matter of seed transmission of the avocado sun-blotch virus, the writers— were conducting studies on albino avocado seedlings at the time Haas reported the results of his observations. Since preliminary experiments of the writers had indicated that the virus was not causally related to the abnormal avocado seedlings, these studies were expanded in an attempt to determine the cause of the seedling abnormalities.


Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union independent country of Georgia was faced ultimate challenges both in internal as well as foreign political spheres. Leader of the national movement and the first president of the Republic Zviad Gamsakhurdia was found victim of international isolation. Pro-European course of Georgia is connected to the presidency of Eduard Shevardnadze, former foreign minister of the Soviet Union, whose political project was to push Georgia to full membership of Euro Atlantic organizations. These tendencies became even stronger since 2003, after the "Rose Revolution", under the government of the third president of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili. In parallel with achievements on the way of Euro Integration anti-Western feelings were gradually emerged and strengthened in the Georgian public discourse. The successes in the pro-European politics and attempts to ratify the European legislative and constitutional norms were accompanied with protests supported by some public and political figures. The paper aims at analysing controversial nature of the process of Georgia's European Integration with its under streams and flows what have been making the process complicated.


The professional pressure of preschool teachers in rural China is closely related to the stability of the teaching staff and the development of children. A study of 734 teachers in 155 rural preschools from three national-level poverty-stricken counties and one non-poverty county in Hubei Province showed that current rural preschool teachers are facing greater professional pressure. Approximately 44.47% thought that the pressure is high, but has not yet reached the level of high burnout; non-poverty county preschool teachers have relatively high pressure. According to the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) model, the main pressure stems from the work requirements of children and parents, especially parents' excessive emphasis on children's safety, knowledge, and skills. The results of the Ordered Probit Model showed that the influencing factors of preschool teachers' professional pressure in rural preschools in China include work factors such as workload and the number of children in difficulty; control factors like perseverance and professional identity; support factors such as staffing status, salary satisfaction, family support, and work support; as well as demographic variables such as age and household registration type (Hukou); and certain inter-county differences exist. Therefore, we recommend that the government, society, and preschools establish effective incentive and restraint mechanisms to reduce the professional pressure of preschool teachers in terms of salary, social status, parental guidance, workload, and stress training, and improve their ability to cope with pressure. Meanwhile, more focus need to be given on teachers who are for the first year preschool, older in age, lacking staffing status, no non-agricultural household registration, and overloading working.


This chapter begins with an explanation of "elite authenticity" in full, including a definition of the five rhetorical strategies of which it is composed: historicity, simplicity, lowbrow appreciation, pioneer spirit, and locality/sustainability. Using theories pertaining to media discourse and mediatization, the author presents an analysis of the New York Times food section, relying on a corpus of 259 articles (including restaurant reviews and top-viewed articles). Throughout her analysis she demonstrates how the aforementioned interconnected rhetorical strategies are not only indexical of what is considered "authentic" in contemporary society, but also essential to the construction of status based on a purposeful distancing from traditional markers of eliteness. In sum, this chapter sets the groundwork for the simultaneous (dis)avowal of distinction which is integral to contemporary class maintenance.


The effect of two types of Superdisintegrants on the in vitro dissolution of Efavirenz Form II (EFV) 600 mg tablets was evaluated. The type and concentration of the Superdisintegrant was optimized using the design of experiments (DOE) approach. The design space for the concentration of binder and Superdisintegrant at which the formulation would always achieve > 80 % (Q) within 30 minutes was established.


Recently, research on sprawl was increasing due to its impacts on the economy, society, and environment. Several studies have focused on the application of containment strategies to curb urban sprawl. Urban growth boundaries (UGBs) were among the containment policies adopted to tackle the issue of sprawling cities. This paper set out to undertake an analysis of the factors influencing the performance of the UGB of Riyadh City. A qualitative data analysis using NVivo12 software was adopted. To collect the required data of UGB, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine experts involved in urban management, Riyadh city development, and other planning agencies. If the application of UGB policy in the western countries has managed to restrain more or less city sprawl, its replication to the case of Riyadh seems to have had some adverse impacts. That is, instead of controlling urban sprawl, it has stimulated it. The reasons may lie in the deficiency of monitoring and evaluation of urban studies, free provision of infrastructure, and lack of coordination between different city planning agencies. Understanding the factors affecting the UGB efficiencywill assist policymakers and urban planners in reducing the spread of scattered and leapfrog residential development, lowering the cost of service supply and promoting infill development


The epoxidation modification of nonpolar rubber could improve its polarity,and increase the application scope.Many studies reported the epoxidation reaction of natural rubber.In this article,we reviewed the epoxidation modification of trans-polyisoprene rubber,which has the same chemical composition but different configuration to natural rubber.


Clinical studies has shown that patients with breathing disorders can have a better standard of living through breathing exercises. To this end, this paper presents an interactive game, Flappy Breath, in which users can learn and practice breathing exercises in a gamified manner. The game is meant to be not only beneficial to users health, but also enjoyable to play and easy to understand. The testing application is a Flappy Bird like game developed for the Android OS. The User inhales and exhales in order to dodge obstacles. This application is targeted on making lung rehabilitation exercises accessible to anyone with an Android device, providing patient breathing data, and a simple interface for exercising. Throughout the applications lifetime, inhaling and exhaling data is saved and can be used to construct a model of the patients breathing cycle. Therefore, the application could provide vital information to aid in patient breathing exercises and lung health.


To customers, brand means familiarity and credibility as they get to experience some contacts in their everyday life; therefore, they use the brands as an indicator to try or make a decision to buy new products. Moreover, brands are regarded as causal signs of determinants of product quality depends on if the intrinsic attributes and processes that truly determine quality. The study is to ascertain the reason why foreign brands of clothing are now being purchased more as compared to the domestic brands and the consumer perception about both types of brands. 130 questionnaires were designed and distributed to collect information from the respondents. The result indicated that, 58% of the respondents had a monthly income of $100. Moreover, 6% of the respondents preferred local made cloth whiles 22% preferred both local and foreign brands and 46% preferred foreign brands. On the issue of affordability, it was realized that 49% said that the foreign branded cloths were expensive, 26% said that they were very expensive, 22% moderate and only 2% said that it was cheap. It was noted that 40% said that they strongly agree, 33% agreed, with only 2% disagreeing to the fact that foreign branded cloths are more durable than the locally branded clothing.


work. Despite the relatively small number of cases quoted, it seems reasonable to conclude, therefore, that such a group more closely corresponds to the type of epileptic who is at large in the general population than the aggregate of those admitted to Craig Colony. On this assumption the figure 12.3 per cent. may more nearly represent the proportion of living adult epileptics whose malady has first been manifest after the age of thirty than the smaller percentage deduced from the Craig Colony statistics. The point is of some small medico-legal interest. Epilepsy is often advanced as a defence in cases of murder and other acts of violence. It is observed in a number of cases that the accused has appeared dazed for a considerable time after the crime and seems genuinely to have no memory of it. Post-epileptic automatism and the " epileptic equivalent " are recognized phenomena. But if the accused has no history of epilepsy, and especially if he be over thirty years of age, counsel for the defence is not likely to obtain a sympathetic hearing. Nevertheless, an unhappy feeling must remain in the mind of many a doctor who reads of the execution of a murderer suspected of being an epileptic. Even to those who are in favour of capital punishment, epilepsy must appeal as an excuse greatly mitigating the crime. On the other hand, epileptics accused of crime have been known to boast of their imperviousness to conviction! A. J. M. BUTTER, M.A., M.D. London, N. Medical Officer, St. David's Hospital.


Financial sector and economic development in Shandong both have made great achievement ever since China' s reform and opening up. This paper sums up the different stages and their respective features of the financial sector development in Shandong over the past three decades. It then makes an empirical study of the relationship between the development of the three major financial industries—banking, insurance and securities—and economic development. In light of the findings, we further put forth policy implications for future economic and financial sector development.


An approximate theoretical expression is derived for the ratio by which heat-transfer data, obtained from simple symmetrical flow passages, must be 'transformed' when applied to passages with varying roughness and heat flux around the perimeter. It is shown to be in good agreement with more elaborate theoretical treatments of special cases and with experiment.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: With increased use of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), surgeons are seeing better patient outcomes and shorter lengths of hospital stay. Ambulatory surgery centers (ASC) permitting discharge within 23 hours have greater clinical efficiency and reduced costs without sacrificing patient outcomes. To identify patients that can safely undergo RARP in an ambulatory setting, we evaluated preoperative patient and system factors associated with reduced length of stay (LOS) following RARP. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing RARP from March 2015-March 2018 at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and system factors were summarized with descriptive statistics overall and by LOS group (<24 or ≥24 hours). Univariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between preoperative patient/system factors and postoperative LOS. Readmission rates, defined as emergency room visit or hospital readmission, were also summarized at 30 and 90 days post-op. RESULTS: Among the 338 patients included, the average post-operative LOS was 34 hours with 27 patients (8.0%) having LOS <24 hours and 311 (92.0%) patients having LOS ≥24 hours. Of the patient and system factors examined, private insurance status (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.06, 5.71), use of the Xi robot (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.18, 6.68), and later surgery order (OR=5.48, 95% CI: 2.16, 13.21) were associated with increased odds of patients having LOS <24 hours. No strong relationship was seen between surgery order and time of discharge, with median discharge time of 1:44 pm (IQR: 12:06pm, 2:52pm) regardless of surgery order. Readmission rates were lower for patients with LOS <24 hours compared to patients with LOS ≥24 hours at 30 days (7.4% vs. 14.8%) and at 90 days (0.0% vs. 5.1%) post-op. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative patient demographic and clinical factors were similar between patients with LOS <24 and ≥24 hours. Insurance status, robot type and surgery order were found to be associated with reduced LOS, suggesting that success of RARP in an ASC may rely on socioeconomic and system factors. Discharge times were similar despite surgery order, indicating that hospital workflow may also be contributing to LOS. These results suggest that implementation of a clinical care pathway could potentially shorten LOS for patients currently discharged after 24 hours; however, more data and future studies are needed to confirm these findings. Source of Funding: None


The modern engineer recognizes an expansion problem in every pipe that carries steam. Increasing temperatures and pressures may compel the labeling of every important joint in the piping of a power plant with the bending stress allotted to it, the same as the stress diagram of a truss. The paper describes a serviceable method for determining the stresses. The claimed advantages are that it is graphic and thus free of tables and formulas; it is concerned only with the entire pipe structure from one anchor point to another; it is a standardized method applicable to any pipe structure in one or more planes; it involves less work with greater accuracy.


Taking Heidegger's thought about listening to language as a starting point the argument explores some contrasting ideas about reading literature and the ways in which it might interact with the practice of creative writing. While recommending a kind of reading based in criticism rather than critique, the essay goes on to an assessment of some of the obstacles that stand in the way of realising this possibility.


Purpose:  The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment on corneal thickness (CT) in patients with trachomatous dry eye.


This essay argues for the importance of replication in journalism, media, and communication research, and illustrates how the author's research and that of others has benefited from replication. It begins by citing several research methods books on the value of replication and then turns to the different kinds of research done by the author in the past half century and how these studies have benefited from replication. It ends by citing other prominent programs of communication and media research that have also used replication to increase knowledge of subjects such as the cultivation effects of television, the effects of movies and television on children, media uses and gratifications research, studies of television and social behavior, and research on journalism and communication education.


An ion selective glass electrode was prepared with nefopam-tetraphenylborate ion-pair complex as the electroactive material. The electrode showed Nernst response for nefopam in the range of 1.0×10 -2~1.0×10 -5 mol/L with a slope of 57 mV/pC. The detection limit was 6.3×10 -6 mol/L. The result was conformable to that of UV spectrophotometric method.


cal service to a trauma center. Patients who met any of the field trauma triage criteria were considered "triage positive". Hospital data was statistically linked to pre-hospi tal records. The primary outcome of defining a "major trauma patient" was Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 16. RESULTS: There were a total of 200 injured patients evaluated over a 2 years period who met at least 1 triage criterion. The number of false positives was 64 patients (ISS < 16). The PPV was 68%. The sensitivity and the negative predictive value could not be evaluated in this study since it only included patients with positive Vittel criteria. The criterion of "PH resuscitation" was present for 64 patients (32%), but 10 of them had an ISS < 16. This was statistically significant in correlation with the severity of the trauma in univari ate analysis (OR = 7.2; P = 0.005; 95%CI: 1.6-31.6). However, despite this correlation the overall PPV was not significantly increased by the use of the criterion "PH resuscitation" (68% vs 67.8%). CONCLUSION: The criterion of "pre-hospital resuscitation" was statistically significant with the severity of the trauma, but did not increase the PPV. The use of "pre-hospital resuscitation" criterion could be re-considered if these results are confirmed by larger studies. Abstract AIM: To evaluate the perf ormance of the specific French Vittel "Pre-Hospital (PH) resuscitation" criteria in selecting polytrauma patients during the pre-hospital stage and its potential to increase the positive predictive value (PPV) of pre-hospital trauma triage. METHODS: This was a monocentric prospective cohort study of injured adults transported by emergency medi-World increase the PPV. This criterion, which is the only difference between French and United Stated pH triage criteria, does not procure extra value and compromises potential comparisons with multinational cohort studies. The use of "pre-hospital resuscitation" criterion should be revaluated if these results are confirmed by larger studies. adults to evaluate the performance of the French Vittel criteria to select polytrauma patients during pre-hospital stage and evaluate if their pre hospital resuscitation criterion increases positive predictive value of pre-hospital trauma triage.


Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner var. robusta) germplasm comprising of 73 collections established in the gene bank of Regional Coffee Research Station, Chundale, Wayanad, India were evaluated with respect to 15 characters including seven growth parameters and eight yield contributing characters, for three successive seasons. The data were subjected to ANOVA to assess the significance of variations between accessions. All the seven growth parameters and eight yield contributing characters showed significant variations between the accessions. Among the growth characters, the highest coefficient of variation was observed for girth of primary branches followed by number of secondaries per primary while the lowest coefficient of variation was observed in the case of stem girth. With respect to yield contributing characters, the highest coefficient of variation was recorded for number of fruits per node followed by fruit volume. There was a wide variation for yield both within the accession and also among different accessions evaluated. Out turn (ripe to clean coffee) ranged from 18.84% to 26.06%. Study of overall performance of genetically diverse accessions of a crop plant is the first step in selection of superior genotypes for further exploitation in breeding programmes. Based on performance index derived from growth as well as yield contributing characters, all of which were quantitative in nature, the genotypes were ranked from 1 to 71 in the order of performance. The five superior accessions selected based on overall performance were S.3399, Wt.4, S.3657, Wt.2, and Wt.6 in the order. Interestingly, the best performer was the exotic introduction from Costa Rica followed by collections from Wariat Estate of Wayanad region of India and collections from Ivory Coast. Elite plants were marked from among these five accessions for cross compatibility studies in order to establish clonal as well as seedling orchards.


ABSTRACT The Festivals of Moors and Christians represents a unique and concrete world that crosses both the history and geography of Spain and its social, political and economic configurations. Historically, they have had a pedagogical sense and, for that reason, they present the complexity of different events, elements, objects and actors that compose it as contrasting elements (assimilation of nationalism and regionalisms or the eternal Hispanic struggle between good and evil), making everything appear normal, exerting a power that few celebrations hold. These chameleonic feasts have adapted to different historical moments and, with the coming of postmodernity, have opened their gates to a colorful game of fantasy where visual and performing arts have become of the utmost importance.


The influences of reaction temperature,content of precipitation agent and dispersing agent on CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution prepared by co-precipitation method was studied,and the solid solution was characterized by TEM and XRD.The results indicated that the even distribution of CeO2-ZrO2 nano-solid solution with particle size about 10 nm could be obtained under the following process conditions such as temperature of reaction 18~25℃,5~6 mol/L NH3·H2O and dispersing agent polyacrylamide.


This research aims to explore the characterization of Sierra as the main female character reflecting body positivity presented in the Sierra Burgess Is a Loser (2018) film directed by Ian Samuels. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method supported by the character and characterization theory by Joseph M. Boggs and Dennis W. Petrie and representation theory by Stuart Hall. This research also uses the concept of body positivity by Tracy and Wood Barcalow to support the analysis. In the Sierra Burgess Is a Loser film, Sierra represents intelligence, independence, and confidence as a teenage girl who reflects body positivity. She struggles to achieve her freedom as a plus body size woman. Becasue of her plus body size, Sierra experiences injustice and bullying as a fat girl in her school. Sierra reflects body positivity as she fights to gain her confidence and face her fear through the struggles of being a fat girl. Moreover, it shows that Sierra Burgess Is a Loser (2018) film tries to support the body positivity movement as the film portrays Sierra as an intelligent woman who breaks the stereotype of unrealistic body image and manages to embrace other women to have a body positivity image.


(57) [summary] Disclosed is a set of golf clubs (30). This club is divided into the golf club at least a first group (32) and at least a second group (34). The first group (30) desirably has a plurality of club heads, each head has a body made of a low density metallic material. The golf second group of clubs (34) desirably has a plurality of club heads, each head, from the first group (32) a high density of the metal material than the density of each of the body of metal material of the head of made has a body. The first group of the club (32) desirably has a low count of the club from the club of the second group (34).


Diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the pancreatic islets produce insufficient insulin. One of the treatment strategies is islet isolation, which may damage these cells as they lack vasculature. Biocompatible scaffolds are one of the efficient techniques for dealing with this issue. The current study is aimed to determine the effect of transfected BM‐MSCS with angiomiR‐126 and ‐210 on the survival and functionality of islets loaded into a 3D scaffold via laminin (LMN). AngiomiRs/Poly Ethylenimine polyplexes were transfected into bone marrow‐mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs), followed by 3‐day indirect co‐culturing with islets laden in collagen (Col)‐based hydrogel scaffolds containing LMN. Islet proliferation and viability were significantly increased in LMN‐containing scaffolds, particularly in the miRNA‐126 treated group. Insulin gene expression was superior in Col scaffolds, especially, in the BM‐MSCs/miRNA‐126 treated group. VEGF was upregulated in the LMN‐containing scaffolds in both miRNA‐treated groups, specifically in the miRNA‐210, leading to VEGF secretion. MiRNAs' target genes showed no downregulation in LMN‐free scaffolds; while a drastic downregulation was seen in the LMN‐containing scaffolds. The highest insulin secretion was recorded in the Oxidized dextran (Odex)/ColLMN+ group with miRNA‐126. LMN‐containing biocompatible scaffolds, once combined with angiomiRs and their downstream effectors, promote islets survival and restore function, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and glycemic status.


Conclusion: The software we have developed has an easyto-use interface, that makes the calculation complexity of red cell survival studies completely hidden for the user, saving you the time that you previously spent on these laborious calculations and reducing the risk of error. Materials and methods: 51Cr is eluted at a rate which significantly affects estimates of mean red-cell lifespan. The average rate of chromium elution is of the order of 1% per day, which is of the same magnitude as the normal rate of red-cell-destruction. Accordingly, variations in the rate of elution in different individuals may seriously affect the accuracy of estimates of mean red-cell lifespan when survivals is normal or only slightly reduced. Elution is fairly constant in normal subjects and an appropriate correction factor f can be applied. For developing a software incorporating the calculations of f, T1⁄2 and the percentage of red cell destroyed a day, we have used Visual Basic 6.0 and Visual Studio Installer. Introduction: Red cell survival studies are performed in a large number of hospitals throughout the world. The object of these studies is to obtain estimates of the rates of red cell production and destruction. The calculation of the time taken for half the label to leave the circulation (T1⁄2) and the percentage of red cell destroyed a day, are not very complex but annoying and time-consuming


This article discusses Gish Jen's novel Typical American according to the theory of initiation story, mainly focusing on the protagonist Ralph Chang's process of growing-up and the characters of conductors in the process. And the article concludes that Ralph Chang's process of growing-up is widely meaningful to that of all the male Chinese Americans.


Microtextures in thin section, but also textures at hand specimen scale, affect the strength (resistance to abrasion and fragmentation) of rocks. The first objective of this thesis is to see if correlation exists between studied textures and mineral assemblages and technical analyses. When correlation exists the next approach is to see which textures/mineral assemblages result in good or poor rock strength i.e. good or poor resistance to abrasion and fragmentation. The metamorphic scenario, in the Sala-Heby area, set by Delin and Söderman (2005) will be tested through the comparison of the geographical locations of samples with granodioritic composition and textures which result in good or poor rock strength. It is also important to see which one of the three rock types in the investigated area generally show better rock strength than the others and why. Hand specimen and thin sections from the Sala-Heby area, Sweden, with granitic-, granodioriticor tonalitic composition have been studied visually and through an optic microscope in order to identify the current textures and mineral assemblages. Point counting was carried out on thin sections to receive the rock composition of all samples, so comparison with technical values could be made. Gneiss texture, compositional banding (in hand specimen), type of grain boundaries, preferred orientation formed by amphibole, relative directions of different types of foliations (in thin section) and biotite content (a mineralogical texture) affects the strength of the rocks considering abrasion. Rocks with granitic composition show best resistance to abrasion when considering the studied textures and mineral assemblages. The ability of rocks to resist fragmentation is widely affected by augen-, gneiss texture (in hand specimen), preferred orientation formed by amphibole and biotite and the relative directions of different types of foliation (in thin section).


(57) Abstract: The method and apparatus for measuring the index of brain activity, central nervous system signals (CNS) non-invasively acquired station signals to specific anatomical and functional CNS sites standing turned into, associate satisfaction site signals and brain by pain, and includes interpreting the correlation results. As with the results of the correlation result interpretation, in particular humans and animals, but are not limited to internal or external stimuli, consciously or unconsciously stimulation, pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment, and processes based on diseases such it is possible to objectively measure their response to motivational noticeable stimuli including. Moreover, using this method for measuring brain activity in satisfaction / dislike the central nervous system, it is also possible to determine the efficacy of the compound.


The present invention, by simplifying the structure of the gate valve and to minimize the space the gate valve occupies relates to a gate valve structure of the vacuum system that enables the size of the vacuum system, the gate valve structure of the vacuum system of the present invention includes a first chamber and the second is provided between chambers, it is provided at one side of the first chamber and the wall barrier and said barrier to separate the space of the second chamber sikimyeo connecting the space of the first chamber and the second chamber, the first chamber and the second becomes to place a door unit for selectively opening, blocking the opening and the opening that enables the specimen transfer between the chamber and the door apparatus, is rotated about the hinge axis to open, and blocks said opening It is provided between the main door, perpendicular to the vertical cylinder that is vertically movable, the main door and the vertical cylinder, the vertical cylinder Including rotating the medium to convert the vertically moving force to the main door hinge axis, the rotational force is being configured.


ABSTRACT Structural properties, elastic properties, sound velocities and Debye temperatures of CsCl-type refractory TiTM, ZrTM and HfTM (TM = Fe, Ru, Os) intermetallics were investigated using first-principles calculations. The calculated equilibrium lattice parameters are coincided with the reported experimental and theoretical data. Based on single-crystal elastic constants, polycrystalline elastic moduli, Poisson's ratios, sound velocities and Debye temperatures were evaluated. Anisotropies in elastic moduli of these CsCl-type intermetallics were discussed by elastic anisotropy indexes, three-dimensional surface constructions and their projections, and directional elastic modulus. The results showed that ZrFe has the highest elastic anisotropy and ZrOs presents the lowest one. Finally, sound velocities, Debye temperatures and their anisotropies were also calculated and discussed.


1. A method is described for separating and enumerating the ciliate Protozoa which occur in the large intestine of the horse. 2. The concentration of ciliates varied in the different regions of the large intestine, being low in the caecum and highest in the left dorsal colon. 3. Two distinct populations of ciliates occurred in the large intestine of the horse, one from the caecum to the pelvic flexure and the other from the pelvic flexure to the rectum.


In view of the CERN Proton Synchrotron replacement with a new ring (PS2), a detailed optics design is undertaken following several options, which cross or avoid transition. The different lattices are compared with respect to their linear optics flexibility, acceptance and chromatic properties. The effect of magnet misalignments in the beam orbit and linear optics functions are reviewed and correction schemes are proposed. Finally, the different lattice options are compared with respect to single particle non-linear dynamics.


GARDONE, D. S.; RIBEIRO, S. M. R.; SILVA, R. R.; MARTINO, H. S. D. Impact of nutritional intervention on the anthropometric profile and dietary intake of participants of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Nutrire: rev. Soc. Bras. Alim. Nutr. = J. Brazilian Soc. Food Nutr., Sao Paulo, SP, v. 37, n. 3, p. 245-258, dez. 2012. The evaluation of the impact of nutritional intervention on dietary habits and anthropometric profile of adults and elderly assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS) consisted of a descriptive study carried out with 77 subjects enrolled in this program in a health center in the municipality of Vicosa, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil . A clinical nutritional script was used to collect data on the socioeconomic, health, anthropometric and dietary profiles of patients. Anthropometric measures and dietary intake were assessed in the first and last days of assistance. Dietary habits were assessed using the Diet Quality Index (DQI). Hypertension was prevalent among the diseases reported, with or without associations to other comorbidities. At baseline, it was found that most patients (80.5%) were overweight; at the end of the study, weight loss was 36% and 33.3% for the adult and elderly patients initially treated, respectively. Weight gain occurred in 21.3% of adults and 26.7% of the elderly. It was also possible to observe that the total fat (r=–0.494) and saturated fat (r=–0.257) correlated negatively, while the dietary fiber (r=+0.421) showed positive correlation with the DQI. Thus, nutritional intervention promoted a positive impact among those who lost weight, as well as among those who improved the quality of food intake measured by the DQI, only through simple measures such as the increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, encouragement of rice and beans consumption, and discouragement of high-fat content foods consumption, especially saturated fats and simple sugars.


Over the last two decades, there has been substantial progress in the area of blood safety in Uganda. In contrast, little attention has been paid to transfusion safety in Uganda and there are gaps in laboratory and clinical transfusion practices within hospitals. Assessment of the current practice at Mulago and Mbarara Referral Hospitals showed inadequate documentation of the transfusion process, and poor monitoring of blood recipients. Our findings also indicated that one in every 16 transfused Ugandans and a similar number of RhD negative pregnant women possessed clinically significant red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies in their plasma. However, RBC alloantibody screening is not performed during pre-transfusion and antenatal testing in the country. Thus, alloimmunized recipients and babies of RhD negative mothers are at high risk of morbidity and mortality due to haemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and haemolytic disease of the fetus and the newborn (HDFN). Furthermore, data on the occurrence of acute and delayed HTRs and HDFN in Uganda are lacking.
A cost-effectiveness analysis showed that introduction of RBC alloantibody screening would be cost-effective and improve blood transfusion safety. Therefore, there is need to improve immunohaematological testing in Uganda so that RBC alloimmunization and the consequences thereof may be prevented.


The First International Conference on Structural Engineering organised jointly by Tsinghua University and Yunnan Polytechnic University was held on 18-20 October 1999 in Kunmin, China, at which over 100 papers were presented. The idea of publishing a small selection of the presented papers in a special issue in Advances in Structural Engineering was discussed at the Conference between myself and the Editor-in-Chief Professor J.M. Ko. As both the Conference and the Journal share the common mission of promoting international exchanges in structural engineering, we both enthusiastically supported the idea. As a result, I was kindly invited by Professor J.M. Ko to be the Guest Editor of such a special issue. Selected authors were then invited to revise and extend their papers for publication in the Journal, with the result being this Special Issue. Most readers are aware that construction activities are booming in China and the nearby region. This boom is expected to last for decades to come, making the region attractive for both structural engineering practice and research. Against this background, it is important that frequent exchanges between researchers and practitioners from the region and those from other parts of the world are maintained. It is hoped that this Special Issue will make a useful contribution to these exchanges. I would like to thank the authors for their careful preparation of the manuscripts, the reviewers for their helpful comments and the Editorial Team at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University for their assistance in handling the review process. Last but not least, I would like to thank the Editor-in-Chief, Professor J.M. Ko for kindly inviting me to be the Guest Editor of this Special Issue.


People in developing countries suffer from coronary artery disease at a relatively younger age. Dyslipidemia is considered as established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hypothyroidism constitutes a significant cause of secondary dyslipidemia. Secondary dyslipidemia causing acute myocardial infarction in a young adult is rare. We describe a case of acute myocardial infarction in a young male due to hypothyroidism.


Many aspects of the explosion mechanism of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) still remain unclear -- causing uncertainties in the derived cosmological parameters. Realistic models of the generation and transport of radiation in the ejecta are required which link theoretical explosion models to observations. We aim to construct theoretical spectra and light curves from consistent radiative transfer models that allow to study the dependence of observable features on the physical parameters of the explosion.


Data from the SINGLE trial demonstrated that 88% of treatment‐naive HIV‐1 patients treated with dolutegravir and abacavir/lamivudine (DTG+ABC/3TC) achieved viral suppression at 48 weeks compared with 81% of patients treated with efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC). It is unclear how this difference in short‐term efficacy impacts long‐term cost‐effectiveness of these regimens. This study sought to evaluate the long‐term cost‐effectiveness of DTG+ABC/3TC versus EFV/TDF/FTC from a US payer perspective.


A collection of 18 papers by R. P. Brent and various co-authors, on the following topics: 1. Parallel evaluation of arithmetic expressions. 2. Circuits for arithmetic operations. 3. Continuous models for discrete algorithms. 4. Algorithms for manipulating formal power series. 5. The complexity of algorithms for solving nonlinear equations. 6. Asymptotically fast algorithms for high-precision computations. The theme of the collection is the derivation of rigorous bounds on the cost of certain computations. Cost may be measured in several different ways. For example, the number of arithmetic operations performed on integers or real numbers, the number of Boolean operations, the number of function and derivative evaluations, the time required for the computation on a parallel machine, or the area-time product for a VLSI circuit. Most of the papers are concerned with upper bounds, which are established by exhibiting an algorithm and analysing its performance. However, papers [6, 17] establish nontrivial lower bounds.


Rigan, a graduate of the Department of Engineering (1914) of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Mikhail Krivoshapkin, after studies worked as an engineer in Russia, where he built grain elevators. From 1920 until deportation to Siberia in 1941 he lived in Riga and was the author of several bridge projects in Latvia, worked as an engineer at Riga Construction Board and was a member of the Riga City Council (1925–1934). He worked in various public organizations. His descendants – grandchildren and great-grandchildren also pursue careers in engineering.


The results of a comparative analysis between transient triggered and voltage referenced ESD power clamps are presented. Different architectures with both external and the internal breakdown voltage reference techniques are studied leading towards both optimal snapback characteristics and a small footprint ESD protection solution for power management applications. The physical mechanism of ESD snapback operation is discussed in terms of the classical understanding of avalanche-injection conductivity modulation in a bipolar transistor. The advantage of an internal Zener diode solution over both an enhanced Zener and a BVCER clamp is demonstrated.


  60 Elliott Carter Cello Concerto & Dialogues Arnold Whittall 60 John Tavener's 'Schuon Lieder' Paul Conway 62 Schoeck's 'Penthesilea' Peter Palmer 63 Adnan Saygun's symphonies Bret Johnson 64 Trio Fibonacci James Weeks 64 Nikos Skalkottas ballets and other works Guy Rickards 66 Cecilia McDowall Paul Conway 67 Brouwer, Kim and other Americans Bret Johnson 68 'The Tend'rest Breast' and other songs Peter Palmer 69 Tarik O'Regan's 'Voices' Jill Barlow 70 Kate Romano recital James Weeks 70 Maxwell Davies compilation CDs and 'Naxos' Quartets Edward Venn


The dimethyl carbonate is an important organic chemical intermediates,using as a gasoline additive.A new product formulations DMC were applied using different proportion of the DMC added to gasoline to recon-cile.Experimental filter through to a reasonable compatibility with the DMC,significantly increase octane num-ber,it was the better economy that mixing 4.7% DMC to gasoline showed the octane number would increase three to six points.


Tourism is one of the mainstays to obtain the country's foreign exchange and its development is expected to spur Indonesia's economic growth. Every area in Indonesia has the potential to be used as a tourist attraction, as well as the area of Bengkulu City which has exotic marine tourism, namely in Tikus Island. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) on tourist visiting decisions to Tikus Island and to analyze the influence of Destination Image on tourist visiting decisions to Tikus Island and to analyze which variables had the most dominant influences of visiting tourists to Tikus Island. This research also has an output target that is expected to be achieved, including this research can provide input for the government and employers to find out Electronic Word Of Mouth (eWOM) and Destination Image so that it can ultimately increase tourist interest.. This research was conducted in the area of tourist objects that are often visited by local and outside tourists in the city of Bengkulu. The sampling method in this study is a survey using a cross sectional questionnaire and the sample used is 385 respondents. The results of the research are Concern for Other independent variables, Helping the company and destination image partially have significant positive influence on visiting decisions. While Expressing positive filling variables did not have a significant effect on visiting decisions. However, simultaneously Concern for Other, Expressing positive filling, Helping the company and the destination image have a significant positive effect on the dependent variable of visiting decisions. While the destination image variable is considered as the dominant variable in influencing tourists visiting decisions to Tikus island BengkuluKeywords: Consumer Satisfaction, Destination Image, Electronic Word of Mouth, Visiting Decision


There are various burning furnaces and smelting furnace in metal smelting enterprises.The pyrometer is the key safety indicator for the normal operation of the furnace.Several optimal methods for the use of burning furnace pyrometer from daily aperation practice were summarized and some points of choosing appropriate pyrometers for various burning furnaces.


The purpose of the current study is to identify the research gaps existing in the Stress & Well-being literature & to address the ways to fill those research gaps. This study tries to integrate the theories of biology into the Management discipline. This article is based on a review of the literature on various Stress & Well-being journals belonging to management & biology disciplines. This article suggests a research model or conceptual framework for measuring "Individual Well-being". This conceptual framework is derived on the basis of various theories belonging to Biology & Management disciplines. Well-being of the Individual is found to be a function of the Circadian rhythm i.e., the Well-being of an Individual is found to be correlated, according to the fluctuations in the Circadian rhythm. It is also founded that the Objective measure of the Stress (i.e., Salivary Cortisol) is a reliable indicator of the Stress level of the Individual. This paper contributes to the literature in many ways. This article has highlighted the usage of the "Circadian rhythm theory" in the Well-being studies. This article also emphasized the usage of Salivary Cortisol to measure the Stress of an Individual. Academicians can make use of these to find out the Well-being & Stress of the Individuals respectively. This study provides a few Practical Implications as well. Practitioners can plan their work schedules according to the Circadian Rhythm. The practitioners can assess the Stress level of the Individuals by the Salivary Cortisol values, in spite of using the Questionnaire-based measures.
 Keywords:circadian rhythm,cortisol, Salivary cortisol,Well-being


Response of wheat cultivars irrigated by sprinkler to side dressing nitrogen under savannah soil. The high demand of nitrogen for wheat crop increases the importance of the study of doses to different wheat cultivars. The studied doses were 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 as urea at side dressing in 4 wheat cultivars (IAC 24, IAC 364, IAC 370 and IAC 373) in 4 replications. The soil is a Red loamy dystrophic Latosol (Haplustox), irrigated by a sprinkler system. The length of spikes and the spikelets number for spikes increased significantly with N doses; the doses of N increased leaf N content, the spikes number for meter, the mass of 100 grains and the grain yield up to 77, 74, 68 and 70 kg ha -1 of N, respectively. It is recommended, seeking the productivity of grains, the application of 70 kg ha -1 of N, at side dressing, to any cultivar.


The probability distribution of a model prediction is presented as a proper basis for evaluating the uncertainty in a model prediction that arises from uncertainty in input values. Determination of important model inputs and subsets of inputs is made through comparison of the prediction distribution with conditional prediction probability distributions. Replicated Latin hypercube sampling and variance ratios are used in estimation of the distributions and in construction of importance indicators. The assumption of a linear relation between model output and inputs is not necessary for the indicators to be effective. A sequential methodology which includes an independent validation step is applied in two analysis applications to select subsets of input variables which are the dominant causes of uncertainty in the model predictions. Comparison with results from methods which assume linearity shows how those methods may fail. Finally, suggestions for treating structural uncertainty for submodels are presented.


Nowadays, the amusement park is the central place for lighthearted enjoyment, and it is of practical significance to predict the number of visitors to the amusement park and the corresponding waiting time to plan the tourist routes. Through time series analysis, holiday and special events are modeled while Fourier series are used to study seasonal fluctuations, to obtain the predicted number of people. Based on the queuing theory, the average waiting time and the average number of people are obtained to give the optimal planning with the most fun items, and it has reference significance for the development of amusement parks.


Temperature dependent splitting of N-alkyl 1H and 13C NMR signals in a series of 4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxamides has been analysed in terms of rotation of the amide group. Rotational barriers have been calculated from dynamic 1H NMR data and the conformational options have been explored.


Abstract This work evaluated the reliability of the multivariate statistical analysis to discriminate the feeding system and the species of ruminants using their intramuscular fatty acids (FA) profile. FA composition of 53 meat samples (longissimus dorsi muscle) from animals of different species (sheep and cattle) raised with different feeding systems (pasture and stall-fed) (4 groups overall) was determined and expressed as % fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). A stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) was applied to the full set of FA to select the variables that best discriminated between feeding systems and animal species. The selected variables were then submitted to a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) to test the ability of those variables in discriminating against the four groups. Discriminant analysis (DA) was then exploited to classify meat samples. From the 62 initial variables detected in the FA profile, 24 were retained in the SDA. The subsequent CDA developed by using the selected variables, significantly discriminated the four groups (Hotelling's test p < 0.0001) by extracting three canonical functions. Heptadecenoic acid C17:1 c10, seemed to play a pivotal role both in discriminating species and feeding system while some 18:1 isomers (C18:1 c12, C18:1 c13 C18:1 t13/t14) together with CLA c9, t11 and ω-3 were important in discriminating feeding systems. Multivariate statistical analysis of FA was able to track both the species and the feeding system of source animals with good accuracy. Highlights The increasing interest in the 'green image' of meat obtained from grass-based systems guides the search for methods to trace the animal feeding system. Extracting more information from the large amounts of meat data provided by laboratory equipment is of utmost importance. Multivariate statistical analysis is able to trace with good accuracy meat samples back to their animal species and feeding system origin.


Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its usefulness for diagnosis and prognosis still need validation.


ness a spectacular growth in the recreation industry. The largest portion of the recreation dollar goes for tourism and related recreational activities. Individual states in the United States, just like the individual countries in Europe, have discovered that out-of-state visitors can make a highly significant contribution to tax revenues as well as stimulating general economic growth and providing jobs for the unskilled segment of the labor force. When a family spends a portion of its savings for


Measurements of footprint geometrical properties and fore and aft stiffness and damping characteristics were obtained on 30 x 11.5-14.5 bias-ply and radial-belted aircraft tires. Significant differences in stiffness and damping characteristics were found between the two design types. The results show that footprint aspect ratio effects may interfere with the improved hydroplaning potential associated with the radial-belted tire operating at higher inflation pressures.


Image processing applications such as video codecs represent a great challenge in terms of real-time embedded systems. Programmable multicomponent architectures can provide suitable target solutions combining flexibility and computation power. Integrating multicomponents on FPGA provides greater flexibility but presents more challenges in system level design e.g. design space exploration, multiprocessor distribution and scheduling, inter-processor communications and real-time constraints. The aim of our work is to develop a fast automatic design process dedicated to the implementation of deterministic image processing applications on parallel multicomponent architectures. This design process is based on AAA methodology using the SynDEx CAD tool. A distributed implementation from high-level application and architecture descriptions is automatically provided, saving a considerable amount of time in design space exploration achieving optimisation by reducing global execution time. This paper presents the design process for an FPGA-based multi-MicroBlaze system using SynDEx, and several kernels are developed for the automatic code generation.


The following notes and accompanying specimens are due entirely to Dr. Thomas W. Brockbank of Philadelphia. I was called May 13, 1895, to attend Mrs. D., aged 36, healthy Pennsylvania German, mother of nine children, eight of which are living and healthy. Mrs. D. first menstruated at 15 years of age, has always been regular, and was married at 16. Her husband is also of Pennsylvania German type and healthy. I found her in labor at the end of the seventh month of gestation; external palpation showed nothing abnormal; bimanual examination showed genital organs and pelvis normal; cervix three-fourths dilated; position L. O. A. with vertex presentation; membranes had already ruptured and the waters escaped. Dilatation was soon complete and under good uterine contraction the head advanced rapidly. The extension and rotation were normal and complete, body rotating one-half circumference. The head and shoulders having been expelled from the vagina


The purposes of this study are to find out the score of students' vocabulary mastery and writing descriptive text ability and also the correlation between students' vocabulary mastery and writing descriptive text ability among the seventh grade students in SMP N 3 Bantul Yogyakarta academic year 2016/2017.This study used descriptive and correlational analysis. The data collection technique used were two tests, multiple choices test to find out the students' score of vocabulary mastery and essay test to find out the score of students' ability in writing descriptive text and to find out the correlation between students' vocabulary mastery and writing descriptive text ability among the seventh grade students in SMP N 3 Bantul Yogyakarta in the academic year 2016/2017.The result of this study showed that students' mean in vocabulary mastery was 67.12 greater than the ideal mean 53.5. The mean of students' writing ability was 63.79 close to the ideal mean 70. Based on the result, it is shown that there is a positive and significant correlation between vocabulary mastery and writing descriptive text ability. It means that vocabulary mastery influences writing ability.


The paper talks about the understanding and knowledge about the digital library according to the developing tendency of library. Then it elaborates several basic characteristics of the digital library as well as states some specific jobs during constructing the digital library in col-lege.


Globally banks are faced with keen competition for customers and as a result both banks and non-banks financial institutions are looking for all types of information on consumer behaviour and motivation pertinent to banking activities. This is because the drive to acquire information about customers is reflected in the growth of relationship banking that draws heavily on the experiences of relationship marketing. The current study analyses the factors that University students consider important in their choice of commercial banks. The study used primary data from a survey using self-administered questionnaire as the instrument. Both descriptive and multivariate statistical methods were used to analyse the data. It was found that the most important factors influencing student choice of a commercial bank are recommendation by parents and friends, availability of ATM facility, provision of efficient services, the ease with which an account can be opened and service charges. It is recommended that managers of commercial banks should develop tailor made products and services that would attract, maintain and sustain the interest of younger age group especially university students who constitute potential lucrative future market segment.


We commend Baker-Henningham et al [1][1] for carrying out a relevant and important intervention study on pre-school children with conduct problems and poor social skills in a middle-income country. Classroom and school intervention studies are sparse from low- and middle-income countries and this


The name of the present invention is an optical glass frit drain molding apparatus. The optical glass material forming part of the drain art. It is primarily to solve the problem of the small stripe viscosity of the glass molding. Its main features are: an axial end surface comprising open, the other face of the closed mold cavity; leaky feed tube is inserted into the closed end surface of the mold cavity or the closed end face of the adjacent side wall, a drain tube with the cavity a seal between the mold; the drain pipe provided with a feed nozzle heating electrode. High temperature molten glass enters the apparatus complete and in contact with the mold, and no air boundary, so it will not volatilize, and a sealing layer, and the remaining side farther away from the inlet, but also form a seal against the high-temperature molten glass, thereby preventing the molding when volatilization of stripes. The present invention has a simple structure, the effect is obvious, can significantly improve the characteristics such as the viscosity of the glass forming small stripes fluorophosphate glass, fluoride glass, a lanthanum-based glass, etc., mainly for small leakage of the viscosity of the glass frit mold.


Kisspeptin (Kp) is considered one of the main regulators of the reproductive axis, exerting its effects via stimulating GnRH expression in the hypothalamus. Apart from its central localization in the hypothalamus, the presence of Kp has been reported in the ovary, with possible local function. To date, very little is known about the ovarian Kp in the domestic cat. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the presence and localization of Kp at different reproductive stages in domestic cat ovaries. Twenty ovaries were collected from free-ranging domestic cats (body weight 2.7–4.5 kg) after routine ovariohysterectomy. Reproductive stages were classified by ovarian gross morphology, vaginal cytology, and blood progesterone level. Ovarian samples were grouped into inactive (n = 6), follicular (n = 8), and luteal stages (n = 6). Tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and processed routinely. Immunohistochemistry was performed using polyclonal rabbit Kp-10 primary antibody (AB9754; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) at 1:500 at 4°C overnight. Immunoreactive cells were identified by avidin-biotin-peroxidase system. Rat hypothalamic tissue was used as a positive control. Primary antibody was substituted with PBS and normal rabbit IgG as the negative and isotypic negative controls, respectively. In addition, primary antibody was incubated with metastin overnight and applied for preabsorption test. Negative, isotypic negative, and preabsorption tests showed no staining. Immunoreactive Kp was detected in the ovaries of all reproductive stages with no obvious changes in localization or intensity of staining between stages. Kisspeptin was present in the cytoplasm of oocytes, granulosa cells, and theca cells of preantral (primordial, primary, and secondary) follicles and antral follicles. Interestingly, in most follicles, Kp staining was more prominent in theca cells and oocytes compared with granulosa cells. In corpus luteum, Kp was localised in the cytoplasm of luteal cells, with more intense staining on the periphery of corpus luteum compared with the middle in 3 luteal samples, whereas the rest of the samples demonstrated homogeneous staining distribution. Apart from oocytes and steroidogenic cells, Kp was also present in the cytoplasm of cells of the ovarian surface epithelium. Our study for the first time demonstrated the presence and localization of Kp in the ovary of the domestic cats. The localization of Kp in the cat oocyte is similar to previous reports on hamsters and dogs, indicating a possible function in oocyte development. The staining in steroidogenic cells, mainly theca cells and luteal cells, is in good agreement with studies on hamsters, rats, humans, and marmosets, suggesting the possible local involvement of Kp in steroidogenesis. In addition, Kp staining in the ovarian surface epithelium suggests a possible role in the ovarian remodeling after ovulatory defects, as reported in humans and marmosets. This research was funded by the RGJ PhD program PHD/01882556; RG 7/2559.


Accurate, reliable and cost effective design of steel structures in heavy & medium engineering industrial sector plays a key role in the growth of industrial development. Objective is to get awareness about the difficulties faced by engineers / managers for reducing time to minimum level for preparation of drawings and other detailing work. New concept of detailed engineering techniques is introduced, which guides, how to customize design detailing stage and how to overcome (i-e optimize) delays to meet final production targets of the product in an Heavy Duty Engineering company specialize in the manufacturing of huge and massive steel structure frames. Design engineers must understand basic tools, methods, latest techniques which will be used for minimizing cost and time effect in the production of steel structures. Extensive knowledge of AutoCAD, AutoLISP for design and customization technique is required for the production drawing as output for shop floor. For sustainable engineering development, it becomes utmost important to utilize detailed engineering customization technique. This approach mainly governs on theoretical design approach, practical / on-the-job experience and computer aided design techniques. Use of all above approaches can lead to the successful achievement of efficient engineering optimization techniques / procedures. Because of complex and complicated nature of work of steel structures in Heavy Industries, it is essential to customize such work. Therefore it is suggested to use such methods for the mass production of steel structures on time and hence lot of time could be saved in heavy duty steel industries.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


FLOWERING ENTOMOFAUNA IN Thitonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A.GRAY (COMPOSITAE). Studieson Tithoniadiversifoliadiversity, frequency andconstancy of floral visiting at different hourswere carried out. The floral biology studies included occurence of osmophores, corolla pigments, ultraviolet reflexion and absorption patterns, viability of pollen, pollinators and flower visitors. The behavior of the most frequent insects and their relation to environmental factors was observed. A large


Abstract This study made it possible to characterise by GC (in combination with retention indices), GC-MS and 13C NMR, the chemical composition of the essential oils from Solanum rugosum and Solanum erianthum, two Solanaceae of the Ivorian flora. The two essential oils were characterised by a very high proportion of sesquiterpenes. Specifically, the essential oil of S. rugosum was dominated by (E)-β-caryophyllene (33.7%), β-elemol (19.8%) and germacrene D (14.4%), while that of S. erianthum was mainly composed of α-humulene (38.6%), β-elemol (17.8%) and (E)-β-caryophyllene (16.7%). The chemical composition of Solanum rugosum is described here for the first time. Graphical Abstract


Using enzyme Piccantase A to prepare high degree of hydrolysis enzyme fermented bean curd,in order to investigate the effect of enzyme concentration,hydrolysis temperature and substrate concentration(soy bean∶water) on DH with the degree of hydrolysis(DH) as an index.The optimal conditions were described as follows,enzyme concentration 3.0g/100L,hydrolysis temperature 45℃,substrate concentration(soy bean∶water) 1∶6.4(w/w),by BOX-BENHKEN central composite design and Response Surface Methodology.Under these conditions the maximum degree of hydrolysis was 25.7%.And then the research showed novel manufacture of sufu by enzymatic accelerated maturation was feasible and had certain theoretical basis for decreasing ripening cycle time instead of long time in traditional process


Salt marshes attenuate waves and currents, thus protecting landward-lying constructed defences and the hinterland from incoming waves and extreme water levels. As such, understanding the stability of the marsh sedimentary platform is important, particularly as marsh edge erosion is common on many shores. To understand why marshes are losing material from their exposed fringes, we must better understand the relations between the marsh fabric and incoming hydrodynamic energy; this is likely to be strongly influenced by marsh biological, geochemical and sedimentological/geotechnical properties. Currently there is little systematic research into the within- and between-marsh variability in these properties and how they affect both marsh edge and marsh surface erosion processes.

We compare Tillingham marsh, eastern England, where the sediment is clay/silt-dominated and the marsh canopy is species-rich, to Warton marsh, Morecambe Bay, NW England, where the sediment is sand/silt-dominated and the vegetation species-poor. We determine soil shear strength by applying geotechnical methods which, to the best of our knowledge, have not previously been applied to salt marsh environments. Shear box and ring shear tests are used to determine the natural- and residual (i.e. post-failure) shear strength of the substrate, respectively. This is expressed as the cohesion of the sediment and the angle of internal friction. We demonstrate that the ring shear test consistently returns a lower angle of internal friction for the substrate, which is expected for the residual angle of internal friction. However, we are also able to link this reduction in the angle of internal friction to substrate composition (e.g. root content, organic matter and particle size distribution). This enhanced methodological understanding will improve our comprehension of marsh resistance to edge erosion and thus our ability to predict future erosion. Ultimately, accurate measurements of the shear strength of natural foreshores are essential for the informed implementation of nature-based coastal flood defences, including ‘de-embankment’/‘managed realignment’ schemes.


Thrombin formation results from cleavage of prothrombin following Arg271 and Arg320. Both bonds are accessible for cleavage, yet the sequential action of prothrombinase on Arg320 followed by Arg271 is implied by the intermediate observed during prothrombin activation. We have studied the individual cleavage reactions catalyzed by prothrombinase by using a series of recombinant derivatives: wild type prothrombin (IIWT) contained both cleavage sites; IIQ271 contained a single cleavable site at Arg320; IIQ320 and IIA320 contained a single cleavable site at Arg271; and IIQQ was resistant to cleavage. Cleavage at Arg320 in IIQ271 could account for the initial cleavage reaction leading to the consumption of either plasma prothrombin or IIWT, whereas cleavage at Arg271 in either IIQ320 or IIA320 was found to be ∼30-fold slower. Equivalent kinetic constants were obtained for three of the four possible half-reactions. Slow cleavage at Arg271 in intact prothrombin resulted from an ∼30-fold reduction in Vmax. Thus, the observed pathway of bond cleavage by prothrombinase can be explained by the kinetic constants for the four possible individual cleavage reactions. IIQ320 was a competitive inhibitor of IIQ271 cleavage, and IIQQ was a competitive inhibitor for each reaction with Ki ≈ Km. The data are inconsistent with previous proposals and suggest a model in which substrates for each of the four possible half-reactions bind in a mutually exclusive manner and with equal affinity to prothrombinase in a cleavage site-independent way. Despite equivalent exosite binding interactions between all four possible substrates and the enzyme, we propose that ordered bond cleavage results from the constraints associated with the binding of substrates in one of two conformations to a single form of prothrombinase.


The teams shortlisted for this year's education award are improving learning in areas ranging from diabetes to delirium, Nigel Hawkes reports


The aim of this paper is to describe the implementation of integrated water management projects for mine
closure in Germany and Chile, drawing on the experience of G.U.B. Ingenieur AG and BioPlanta GmbH.
Integrated water management means the planning, regulation and management of water use throughout the
mine life cycle, starting with the draw-down of groundwater level before exploitation, through on-going
water drainage due to the cleaning of process water and other waste water, and the management of
groundwater recharge following the end of exploitation. Integrated water management systems can make
substantial contributions to the non-aggressive and sustainable use of water, and contribute to
environmental protection.
In terms of water management, we describe the planning and management of the restoration of groundwater
levels in areas mined extensively for brown coal mining (Germany and Mongolia). This includes addressing
protection of water quality, i.e. the risk of acid mine drainage (AMD). A prerequisite was the development
and utilization of complex models to characterize hydraulic properties and potential mass transport.
With regards to the treatment of process water in the mining industry, passive biological water treatment
technologies are suitable for applications where, (a) water treatment is required for decades, and
conventional treatment plants are economically unsuited for long-term operation, (b) water flow rates and
pollutant concentrations are variable, (c) treatment of complex mixtures of contaminants (inorganic and
organic) is required, and (d) pollution point sources are diffuse. Here we describe the treatment of sulphate-
polluted process water from a copper mine in Chile using passive biological systems. In this case the
polluted process water was collected in a basin and discharged to a plantation of trees. Investigations are at
the technical scale (Germany) and pilot scale (Chile), with the objective of fulfilling the irrigation quality
standard enforced in Chile.
Passive treatment of seepage from uranium mines in Germany involved the separation of uranium and
arsenic using biological processes. This approach involved a combination of anaerobic and aerobic
processes within one system for the efficient treatment of the mine water. After treatment of the seepage, it is
discharged in a nearby stream.
The concept for the Orcopampa Province in Peru addressed municipal waste water from the settlement
Orcopampa, and mining industry water (Buenaventura). The water streams from the two sources were
combined in order to improve efficiency of a biological treatment system that relies on the synergism
between both, i.e. the organic carbon source and nutrients in the municipal waste water supports
microbiological processes that in turn are responsible for the treatment of the mining industry water.


Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Caregiver Burden Inventory, CBI.Methods: After translating CBI into Chinese, use CBI and ZBI (Zarit Burden Inventory) to assess the 59 caregivers' burden, who take care of patients with dementia at home. The 59 patients were evaluated with BEHAVE-AD, after 2 weeks of the first assessment, 30 caregivers among them were evaluated again.Results:The split-half reliability was 0.94 (P0.01), every subscale and every item was also highly correlated with the total score of CBI (r=0.70~0.90, r=0.38~0.76,P0.01). The coefficient of inter-item consistency (Cronbach α) was 0.92. The test-retest reliability was 0.93. The correlation between CBI and ZBI (criteria validity) was 0.85 (P0.01). The correlation between CBI and BEHAVE-AD were 0.51(P0.01). Factor analysis got five factors, which could explain 69.55% of the total variance.Conclusion:the Chinese version of CBI has good reliability and validity, can be used in Chinese caregivers of patients with dementia.


Multi-type heat pump system can be saving energy, installation cost and cut down installation space. In this study, experimental apparatus was equipped with multi-type heat pump system that is available at Japan market. The system runs three rooms simultaneously with inverter-driven compressor and electronic expansion valve. Three indoor units which was installed in the room could operates in steady state or cyclic according to the environmental conditions. System characteristic such as pressure ratio, mass flow rate and power consumption are increased with cooling capacity of the system. However, system performance(COP) decreased in case of increasing cooling capacity or outdoor air temperature. Dimensionless variables were used to consider cyclic operation. The cyclic degradation coefficient, PLF and WLF of the heat pump is designated in terms of CLF.


Leaf-cutting ants are widely distributed in Brazil, particularly species of the genus Atta. We therefore described the occurrence of leaf-cutting and grass-cutting ant species of the genus Atta. Five routes comprising some of the main highways in the South, Southeast, Center-West, and North of Brazil were sampled, in addition to ants received from other 82 municipalities, composing 300 municipalities sampled. This is the first comprehensive study of Atta in Brazil. The following species were found: A. laevigata, A. capiguara, A. sexdens rubropilosa, A. sexdens piriventris, A. sexdens sexdens and A. cephalotes. Atta laevigata and A. capiguara were the species present in the largest number of the Brazilian municipalities sampled. Atta laevigata assumed the position of species of greatest occurrence in the Brazilian territory. Atta sexdens piriventris was only recorded in the southern region of Brazil. Atta bisphaerica presented lower expansion than A. capiguara. Atta cephalotes and Atta opaciceps are species of very restricted occurrence. Southeastern region was characterized by the occurrence of A. capiguara and A. laevigata. Atta laevigata exhibited a generalized pattern of occurrence in the Center-West and North. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the so far unknown occurrence of leaf-cutting and grass-cutting ants within Brazil.


Objective
To investigate the role of micro RNA-124(miR-124)in regulating activation of microglias and secretion of pro-inflammation cytokines and its potential mechanism.

Methods
(1)BV-2 cells were exposed to different concentration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for different durations; relative expression level of miR-124 was detected by real time-quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR).(2)The BV-2 cells were divided into four groups: PBS group, LPS group, LPS + ctrl-simulant group and LPS + miR-124 simulant group. Protein and mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors(tumor necrosis factor[TNF]-α and interleukin[IL]1-β)were evaluated by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Expressions of p38α, phosphorylated(p)-p38α, ERK and p-ERK were detected by Western blotting.(3)Besides the above groups, four groups were added: LPS + VX702 group, LPS + miR-124 inhibitor group,LPS + VX702 + miR-124 simulant group and LPS + VX702 + miR-124 inhibitor group; pretreatment with p38α specific inhibitor VX702 was given to the BV-2 cells, the latter two groups were given miR-124 simulant or miR-124 inhibitor, and LPS was used to activate the cells; the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were evaluated by ELISA.

Results
(1)As compared with control group, miR-124 was significantly down-regulated in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells(P 0.05).(3)The TNF-α and IL-1β levels between LPS+VX702 group and LPS+VX702+miR-124 simulant group were not significantly different(P>0.05); those between the LPS+VX702+miR-124 inhibitor group and the LPS + VX702 group were not significantly different(P>0.05).

Conclusion
The miR-124 is down-regulated in LPS-activated BV-2 cells and miR-124 could suppress the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by targeting to p38α.

Key words:
Neuroinflammation; Microglia; Micro RNA-124; p38α


The comprehensive application of underwater concrete is introduced in Xinkai River mouth's emergency protection engineeringNon dispersible underwater concrete,geofabriform concrete and concrete diaphragm wall in construction technical design test are summarizedComprehensive application of underwater concrete should be generalized


In this paper we study almost p-ary sequences and their autocorrelation coefficients. We first study the number l of distinct out-of-phase autocorrelation coefficients for an almost p-ary sequence of period n + s with s consecutive zero-symbols. We prove an upper bound and a lower bound on l. It is shown that l can not be less than min{s, p, n}. In particular, it is shown that a nearly perfect sequence with at least two consecutive zero symbols does not exist. Next we define a new difference set, partial direct product difference set (PDPDS), and we prove the connection between an almost p-ary nearly perfect sequence of type (γ1, γ2) and period n + 2 with two consecutive zero-symbols and a cyclic (n+ 2, p, n, n−γ2−2 p + γ2, 0, n−γ1−1 p + γ1, n−γ2−2 p , n−γ1−1 p ) PDPDS for arbitrary integers γ1 and γ2. Then we prove a necessary condition on γ2 for the existence of such sequences. In particular, we show that they don't exist for γ2 ≤ −3.


The proceedings of the International Press Institute at its London meeting dominate the material in this quarter's foreign publications. The richness of I. P. I.'s contributions of material in the field grows with each meeting and each issue of its publications. The final stages of the press council debate in the United Kingdom produced more readable controversy, and there is an article by Erwin Canham in which the Boston editor says that American editors feel the work of a press council already has been done in this country. There is an article summarizing censorship and interference trends in South America which teachers will find especially valuable. Items dealing with the newsprint shortage do not appear in the bibliography for the first time since the war. A coronation supplement issued by World's Press News, London, on May 1 brings much late material to the teacher interested in the British press. Newspaper World, a British trade publication indexed in this bibliography for many years, ceased publication without previous notice on March 11, a victim of an adverse financial trend which produced other changes in Britain, including cutting back of the Northcliffe interests in the field of provincial weekly newspapers to one establishment.


The joint should be considered as an organ made up of critical tissues, all of which can be affected in the disease process of osteoarthritis: the joint capsule (with its components of fibrous joint capsule and synovial membrane), intra-articular and capsular ligaments, articular cartilage, and subchondral bone (Fig. 1). The fibrous portion of the joint capsule is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue that provides some mechanical stability to the joint. The collateral ligaments are associated with the joint capsule. Intra-articular ligaments normally have a synovial membranea cover. The fibrous portion of the joint capsule and the ligaments are principally composed of collagenous fibers and type I collagen predominates in these fibrous connective tissues of the joint. The insertions of the fibrous capsule and articular ligaments into the adjacent bones demonstrate a zonal organization. Parallel bundles of collagen first become invested with the fibrocartilaginous stroma and as they near the bone become calcified. The collagenous fibers enter the bone cortex in a manner analogous to Sharpey's fibers. This gradual transition of joint capsule and ligaments to mineralized fibrocartilage and then to bone enhances the ability of the insertions to distribute forces evenly and decrease the likelihood of pullout failure.


This paper presents a method for analog design synthesis at circuit-level and pareto front exploration of the design through a combined approach of Simulated Annealing (SA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The method consists of dividing the design parameters search in three main parts. The first has the objective of finding the minimal specifications defined by the user through the use of SA and using an aggregate objective function to combine all the design objectives into a single cost function. The second part starts when all the minimal specs are met and it performs a single-objective optimization for each objective in order to obtain a non-exhaustive exploration of the pareto front. The third part applies PSO for multiple objective in order to spread the results and find a more accurate pareto front of the design. This approach allows the designer to have a visual feedback about the trade-offs of the design to a specific topology and technology selection. Results of a folded-cascode opamp circuit-level synthesis using a 0.35 μm technology show this method provides a fast approach to good solutions using SA (considering Gain, UGF, Slew Rate, Consumption, Phase Margin, ICMR, Output Swing and PSRR specifications) and further good pareto front exploration through its connection with the PSO algorithm.


For decades, alcohol has become a significant part of our society and culture. Alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of both short and long-term harmful physical and mental health effects. The study is aimed at finding the relationship between alcohol consumption and stress, anxiety and depression. Materials and Methods: Descriptive-correlational design was adopted for conducting the research. The sample consisted of 160 participants aged 18-60 years out of which 81 were females and 79 were males. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess alcohol consumption and The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS-21) was used to evaluate the stress, anxiety and depression levels. Results: The findings of the study showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between alcohol consumption and stress in males and females (


Computational studies have been widely applied for the thermal evaluation of the nanomaterial thermal feature in different industrial and scientific issues. The squeezed flow and heat transfer features for Al2O3-water nanofluid among analogous plates are investigated using the GOHAM and its validity is verified by comparison with existing numerical results. Novel aspects of Brownian motion and thermal force were accounted in the simulation of nanomaterial flow within parallel plate. Analytical investigation has been done for diverse governing factors namely: the squeeze, chemical reaction factors and Eckert number. The obtained outcomes show that [Formula: see text] has direct relationship with absolute values of squeeze factor. Nu increases for large Eckert number and absolute values of squeeze number.


This article argues that prior accounts of Moi and KANU's re-election in Kenya's 1992 and 1997 polls overemphasise divisions within the opposition and underestimate the role of international actors. Drawing on interviews with central players and internal donor documents, the author demonstrates that aid donors played a central part not only in initially advancing the cause of multipartyism but subsequently also, on several occasions, actively impeding further democratisation. Donors twice knowingly endorsed unfair elections (including suppressing evidence of their illegitimacy) and repeatedly undermined domestic efforts to secure far-reaching political reforms, which were a prerequisite for an opposition victory and a full transition to democracy. In the face of anti-regime popular mobilisation, donors' primary concern appeared to be the avoidance of any path that could lead to a breakdown of the political and economic order, even if this meant legitimising and prolonging the regime's authoritarian rule.


Abstract Among the accelerators which are at present on the market two are very much used, viz., diphenylguanidine as an accelerator of medium activity, and tetramethylthiouram disulfide as a rapid accelerator. Diphenylguanidine is used most of the time in proportions between 0.5 to 1 per cent, based on the rubber, and with about 3 per cent of sulfur. Tetramethylthiouram disulfide is used in proportions of between 0.2 and 0.5 per cent, based on the rubber, with about 1.8 per cent of sulfur. In this way "nervy" mixtures are obtained which have excellent physical properties; but it must be recognized that these two accelerators are, each in its class, the ones which impart to mixtures the poorest aging qualities. For example, the mixture: Pale crepe 100 Zinc oxide 5 Sulfur 3 Palm oil 1 Stearic acid 0.5 Diphenylguanidine 0.7 vulcanized 1 hour at 3 kilograms pressure, i. e., under conditions which lead to the best physical properties for the proportions used, was investigated.


A full-term, 3 kg baby girl developed early onset Candida tropicalis septicemia. The fungus was resistant to amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. She developed an acquired diaphragmatic hernia during the course of the infection. The possible association of the hernia with the fungal sepsis is discussed. She improved on treatment with 4-flucytosine and after being operated for the hernia.


Electronics Cooling and the Need for Experimentation, K. Azar Uncertainty Analysis, R.J. Moffatt Similitude in Electronics Cooling, M.T. Boyle Measuring Velocity in Electronics Systems, J. Foss, C. Wark, and D. Williams Temperature Measurement in Electronics Cooling, J. Sweet Measuring Pressure in Electronics Systems, G.A. Pender Measuring Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity, J.E. Graebner Heat Flux Measurements: Theory and Applications, N.R. Keltner Wind Tunnel Design, R.V. Westphal Flow Visualization Methods and their Application in Electronics Systems, S.V. Garimella Principles of Component Characterization, J.W. Sofia Acoustical Noise Measurement and Control in Electronics Systems, G.C. Maling and D.M. Yeager Index


The Supreme Court's decisions banning racial segregation in public schools have given rise to much apprehension. One question being asked over and over is, "Will not integration bring about a lowering of scholastic standards in the formerly all-white schools?" This concern is more than a mere reflection of prejudice, for there is substantial evidence that the Negro child is behind in achievement as compared with the white pupil and that, if the I.Q. is taken as a measure, he is also at a disadvantage in his capacity to learn. As early as 1913 a study by Marion J. Mayo showed Negro pupils in New York City were retarded to the extent of seven months by the time for entering high school. Mayo further discovered that it required the Negro student 4.5 terms to complete high school as compared with 3.8 terms for the white student.' In 1934 Wilkerson reported an extensive survey covering a number of school systems and concluded that the general achievement of Negro pupils tended to be lower than those of white pupils and


Research was reviewed globally from mobile/cellular carriers to develop the six antecedents (customer satisfaction, perceived service quality, customer trust, corporate image, perceived value, and perceived switching costs) contributing to mobile customer loyalty in Thailand. Data were drawn from interviews with 515 Thai mobile users, who were asked about customer satisfaction, service quality perceptions, and customer loyalty. Findings suggest that perceived service quality and value have a direct positive influence on customer satisfaction: if the customer's perception of service quality and customer satisfaction is high, it has a strong influence on customer loyalty. Additionally, if the perceived service quality is high, it has a direct impact on perceived value and customer satisfaction, in terms of price, value, terms, and reasonable carrier services. Finally, perception regarding switching costs is recognized in non-monetary terms and plays a key role in influencing customer loyalty.


The rising interest in spirituality in health care research has led to the development of numerous scales to measure spirituality, most of which assess multiple dimensions of the concept (Monod et al., 2011; Selman et al., 2011). However, many studies still measure spirituality with only a single question, such as ''How spiritual are you?'' The lead research article in this issue by Peter la Cour and Povl Götke raises serious doubts about the use of single item measures of spirituality and has implications for the use of multidimensional scales, as well. Following up on earlier research (la Cour & Hvidt, 2010), the study by la Cour and Götke in this issue presented a list of over 100 words associated with spirituality to convenience samples of students and clergy in Denmark, who were asked if the words captured the meaning of spirituality to them. Factor analysis indicated that the words fell into six factors: (1) ''Spirituality as positive dimensions in human life and well-being,'' which included concepts commonly associated with spirituality in health care research, such as meaning and purpose in life, love, joy, peace, nature and beauty (Galek, Flannelly, Vane, & Galek, 2005), but without a connection to religion or transcendence; (2) ''Spirituality as New Age-ideology,'' which included the paranormal; (3) ''Spirituality as an integrated part of established religious life and religious traditions''; (4) ''Spirituality as a striving,'' which was separate from religion, such as ''something larger than oneself''; (5) ''Spirituality as selfishness''; and (6) ''Spirituality as ordinary, secular inspiration in human activities.'' Given the fact that spirituality may be viewed from at least six different perspectives, it is obvious that a researcher cannot know what it means when an individual responds to the simple question: ''How spiritual are you?'' The findings have implications for multidimensional scales with respect to what dimensions they capture. As the first factor tends to align with common conceptions of spirituality, as encompassing positive attitudes and emotions, such as meaning and purpose in life, love, joy, and so forth, one might conclude that measuring this one dimension would be sufficient for research on spirituality and health. However, Koenig (2008) has argued that such a measure of spirituality confounds the concept of spirituality with Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 18:95–96, 2012 Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0885-4726 print=1528-6916 online DOI: 10.1080/08854726.2012.720857


The Knossos Ga tablets are receipt and delivery accounts dealing with certain commodities, which seem to be mainly aromata. These documents have been systematically studied by A. Sacconi in her examination of ideogram *123. The commodities recorded in the Ga tablets vary in accordance with scribal hand: scribe 223 deals with ku-pa-ro (set 3); scribe 135 does both with ku-pa-ro and ko-ri-ja-do-no (set 1); scribe 136 records entries both oi ko-ri-ja-do-no and po-ni-ki-jo (set 2); documents in hand 137 deal with po-ni-ki-jo alone (set 4) and, finally, those in hand 221 do with ki-ta-no (set 5).


Experience with "screening" of children with suspected congenital heart disease in a rural community over a period of 8 years demonstrated that the procedures used were safe, effective, and economical. They should become more so with increasing experience. The patients were separated into those needing immediate definitive care, those for whom such care was unavailing, those for whom definitive care could await an optimal time, and those with no indications for such care. No increase in mortality or morbidity could be attributed to the selection of cases. The records of 182 children are included in this study; the salient features are reviewed, and the costs are discussed briefly.


The following case study portrays the several steps required to conceive a product from scratch. The first step involves an in-depth analysis of today's electric bicycle market in order to obtain data and information relating to the levels of innovation and comfort required by customers. Then, we evaluate the implementation of a useful method to understand the level of innovation that the product must have to be competitive on the market. The second part studies the architecture of the product, considering the different components already sold on the market which will become part of the project. The third part concerns a comparison between different stylistic trends that the vehicle may have (in order to outline the best one). The fourth part concerns the CAD realization of the virtual model complete with all its parts, including a structural verification study of the frame. The last part studies the presentation of the product to the customer, exploring different effective ways to communicate what the strengths of the new product will be (also allowing them to customize it before its realization). The plan for the realization of the new product, starting from the concept to arrive at the final presentation to the customer, follows the methods proposed by applying a series of steps to develop a generic new product in an efficient, sensible, and methodical manner. Therefore, we will refer to quality function deployment (QFD), benchmarking (BM), design for X, until reaching the final prototyping and testing phases.


The study investigates the current state of information demands and the information-seeking behavior of Urdu literary students using digital technologies. Another purpose of the study was to determine the level of satisfaction with both the existing facilities and resources. A quantitative survey method of research is used to achieve the study's objectives. Four major public universities of Lahore were the population. Containing the use of the convenience sample approach, data was obtained using a self-structured questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions. Results show that Urdu literature students were not very familiar and comfortable with using research journals, research reports/theses, and reference works while finding information. There is a need to encourage students the use research journals, research reports/theses. The study focuses solely on Pakistani Urdu literature students. For generalizations, this survey should be reproduced on a larger scale. The findings of the research will contribute to knowledge about Urdu literature students' information-seeking behavior at the university level in Pakistan, which may be beneficial to ultimately provide better services in the domain of Urdu literature. Universities and libraries need to provide more facilities and electronic resources for the Urdu language and literature students, keeping in mind their trends toward new technologies. University libraries should organize special training programs for literature students.


Thorium and uranium phosphates were synthesized via soft chemistry and then calcined at high temperature, respectively up to 850 and 1,170 C. Th{sub 3}(PO{sub 4}){sub 4} was not found. Instead, the authors found they had made a new mixed valence compound: U(UO{sub 2})(PO{sub 4}){sub 2}, for which crystal structure, absorption spectrum in ultraviolet and visible, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were done. All of these experiments confirmed the presence of uranium in both tetravalent and hexavalent states. Lixiviation of thorium phosphate labeled with radioactive isotopes: {sup 227}Th and {sup 223}Ra allowed them to determine the upper limit of the solubility for this compound (about 7.6 {times} 10{sup {minus}11} M) and, the percentage of {sup 223}Ra released in deionized water (about 5 {times} 10{sub {minus}3}%). Similar lixiviation tests on U(UO{sub 2})(PO{sub 4}){sub 2} labeled with {sup 230}U (radiochemically produced) gave a uranium solubility value 10 times greater than uranium measured by laser spectrofluorometry. This discrepancy is attributed to the radiation chemistry inherent in the use of radioactive isotope at high specific activity. The lixiviated uranium fraction from U(UO{sub 2})(PO{sub 4}){sub 2} is seven to eight orders of magnitude higher than for thorium. Unexpected behavior was observed for uranium solubility which increases bymore » two orders of magnitude after 2,000 hours of lixiviation. This phenomenon is not yet understood.« less