Advanced oxidative and reductive reactions based on non-thermal plasma have been used to reduce NOx gases emitted from 4kW free load diesel engine exhaust. Coaxial dielectric barrier discharge reactor derived by 50 Hz sinusoidal power supply (0-12kV) has been used. Different parameters including, discharge power, discharge length and applied voltage have been investigated experimentally. The discharge cell has been optimized to provide a maximum NOx removal percentage of about 73 % and a maximum removal efficiency of about 32 gm /kWh have been obtained.


PURPOSE: To make it possible for a current from a battery and/or a generator to be effectively switched, in order to exhibit performance of an automobile to the utmost. CONSTITUTION: An automobile 10 is equipped with a battery 18 which supplies power to a motor 14 under the control of a microprocessor. A generator 20 equipped with an internal combustion engine is used for charging the battery 18. The motor 14 operates under an operating mode that a current is supplied from the battery 18, or under a braking mode that a regenerative current flows from the motor 14 to the battery 18. Constitution of an electric circuit is used in order to make sure a regenerative current to be generated when an electromotive force of the motor 14 is lower than a voltage of the battery 18.


Characterizations of the vapor plume from a LY12 aluminum target irradiated by a focused normal mode pulsed Nd:glass laser beam have been studied by a plate shearing interferometer and high speed photography. The frame photos show that the speeds of the shock wave around the air are approximately treble that of the vapor plume front. At different sections (z), the refractive indexes are calculated with the Abel inversion, the electron density is about 7 X 1017 cm-3, the electron temperature is about 6,700 K by means of the saha equations.


Simple Summary Vitamin K (VK), and particularly phylloquinone (VK1), is an essential micronutrient whose stability in aquafeeds has not been extensively evaluated. Losing stability can lead to nutritional deficiency, which is known to hamper fish development and physiology. Gut microbiota also plays a key role in host health through the interaction with several biological processes. The present study evaluated the best storing conditions of aquafeeds when supplemented in VK1 and intestinal microbiota modulation in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. Aquafeeds with a high level of VK1 supplementation required storage at −20 °C for short-term (up to 7 days) and at −80 °C for long-term (up to three months) to ensure optimal preservation. Furthermore, gut bacterial communities of Senegalese sole specimens fed with a commercial feed supplemented with VK1 showed a better-balanced population of microorganisms in the intestine, which might improve Senegalese sole health during the ongrowing phase. These results provide the practical guidelines for the proper storing of aquafeeds in the industry when supplemented with VK1 and highlight the potential benefits of dietary VK1 supplementation for a balanced intestinal microbiota and overall fish health. Abstract Vitamin K (VK) is a fat-soluble vitamin necessary for fish metabolism and health. VK stability as dietary component during aquafeed storage and its potential effect on intestinal microbiome in fish have not yet been completely elucidated. The convenient storage conditions of aquafeeds when supplemented with phylloquinone (VK1), as well as its potential effects on the gut microbiota of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles, have been explored. Experimental feeds were formulated to contain 0, 250 and 1250 mg kg−1 of VK1 and were stored at different temperatures (4, −20 or −80 °C). VK stability was superior at −20 °C for short-term (7 days) storage, while storing at −80 °C was best suited for long-term storage (up to 3 months). A comparison of bacterial communities from Senegalese sole fed diets containing 0 or 1250 mg kg−1 of VK1 showed that VK1 supplementation decreased the abundance of the Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, and Rhodobacterace families. All these microorganisms were previously associated with poor health status in aquatic organisms. These results contribute not only to a greater understanding of the physiological effects of vitamin K, particularly through fish intestinal microbiome, but also establish practical guidelines in the industry for proper aquafeed storage when supplemented with VK1.


This paper presents a comparative study between 2D axisymmetric and 3D modeling of an EHV post station insulator equipped with a standard corona ring. The simulations were performed using the FEM commercial software Comsol Multiphysics® and particular attention was dedicated to the presence of two anchors or brackets of the grading ring. These anchors were taken into account in both 2D axisymmetric and 3D models in order to study their influence on the E-field distribution and magnitude closed to the HV insulator. The results obtained highlights the fact that the metallic anchors can have a notable influence on the E-field strength when 3D modeling was used. However, this influence is only limited within the vicinity of the HV electrode and does not extend to the entire potential and E-field distribution along the EHV insulator. The metal anchor tends to decrease the E-field strength closed to the HV electrode, providing a better grading effect. However, as the position is moving away from the metal anchor, the 3D and 2D axisymmetric E-field again becomes the same. This demonstrated that it is not necessary to take into account the metal anchors when 3D modeling of outdoor insulator equipped with grading ring has to be performed. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the creation of a complete electrical link between the grading ring and the HV electrode could result in a better improvement of the E-field strength reduction in the vicinity of the HV electrode.


Program analysis has been increasingly used in softwareengineering tasks such as auditing programs for securityvulnerabilities and finding errors in general. Such tools oftenrequire analyses much more sophisticated than those traditionallyused in compiler optimizations. In particular, context-sensitivepointer alias information is a prerequisite for any sound andprecise analysis that reasons about uses of heap objects in aprogram. Context-sensitive analysis is challenging because thereare over 1014 contexts in a typical large program, evenafter recursive cycles are collapsed. Moreover, pointers cannot beresolved in general without analyzing the entire program.
This paper presents a new framework, based on the concept ofdeductive databases, for context-sensitive program analysis. Inthis framework, all program information is stored as relations;data access and analyses are written as Datalog queries. To handlethe large number of contexts in a program, the database representsrelations with binary decision diagrams (BDDs). The system we havedeveloped, called bddbddb, automatically translates databasequeries into highly optimized BDD programs.
Our preliminary experiences suggest that a large class ofanalyses involving heap objects can be described succinctly inDatalog and implemented efficiently with BDDs. To make developingapplication-specific analyses easy for programmers, we have alsocreated a language called PQL that makes a subset of Datalogqueries more intuitive to define. We have used the language to findmany security holes in Web applications.


Over the years, Encyclopaedia Britannica has undergone a number of revisions and has been provided in a number of formats other than print. The different electronic formats include a CD‐ROM version, a subscription online version, a free online version that was recently changed to a subscription version, and a DVD‐ROM version. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability and effectiveness of the different electronic versions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica. The objectives of this study were to find out if one of the electronic versions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica is easier to use than the others, to see if the users are satisfied with the information that they retrieved from each version, and to see if the users retrieve the same information from each version. Over one third (six) of 15 participants thought that britannica.com was the easiest to use. The main reason mentioned was the set‐up of the initial results screen. Most of the participants felt that all of the databases answered the se...


Introduction: Communicating about environmental health is an important commitment for the scientific community involved in studying contaminated sites. In the last decade, international and national organizations in the WHO European Region have proposed theoretical approaches and practices for adopting effective communication strategies in contaminated areas. Methods: The aim of this paper is to propose communication plans as a tool for fostering midand long-term prevention actions in local contexts affected by natural and man-made contamination from industrial and agricultural production and waste management. Sharing responsibilities for strengthening social capacity building requires the effective commitment of relevant stakeholders in the communication process: experiences in two contaminated areas in Italy are presented


TiO2 nanorods with tunable aspect ratios were synthesized directly via heating different molar ratios of Ti and NH4Cl powders in air at 400 °C for 3 h. The resultant products have been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, and field emission scanning electronic microscope (FESEM). The proposed method is of simpleness, low temperature and low cost, which may be suitable for large scale production of multifunctional TiO2 nanomaterials


1. Introduction The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has led to their widespread use for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and as first-line treatment in acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), and also as secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with a history of VTE. In addition, many patients previously taking vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have switched to a DOAC for reasons including erratic international normalised ratio (INR) control, medication interactions, convenience, possible lower major bleeding risk and possible improved stroke prevention rates. Although DOACs are well tolerated, little is known about the numbers of patients switching from a DOAC to (or back to) a VKA or the reasons for doing so. 2. Methods This study was an analysis of prospectively-collected data from a four-year period surveying a computer-based VKA (warfarin) dose adjustment clinic in a large city centre hospital. The primary objective was to identify the reasons for patients switching from a DOAC to warfarin. Secondary objectives included assessing indication for anticoagulant therapy and choice of DOAC. The time in therapeutic range (TTR) once switched back to VKA and clinical events following commencement of warfarin were also determined. 3. Results In our VKA clinic with 1791 patients annually under review, 39 patients were identified as having switched from a DOAC to warfarin. The mean age of the patients was 68.5 years +/- 13.8 and the majority (N=24) were female. AF was the most common condition necessitating anticoagulation (N=24); VTE accounted for 12 cases; arterial thromboembolism (N=2) and cardiac thrombus (N=1) were less common causes and one patient had been started on a DOAC in the setting of valvular replacement. Of the patients who were switched to warfarin, seven (17.9%) had originally been anticoagulated with a VKA prior commencing on a DOAC. In terms of anticoagulant choice, the majority of patients (N = 27) were taking rivaroxaban with 6 patients each on dabigatran and apixaban. The causes for switching in this cohort are outlined in table 1. Interesting cases of note include one patient who had a splenic infarction while taking rivaroxaban for atrial fibrillation and one patient who developed a new thumb arterial embolus while taking rivaroxaban for a PE. Following warfarin commencement, there was a total of eight clinical events reported (21.1% of patients). There were seven bleeding events recorded with two serious events necessitating hospital admission and five minor events; in five of these (71.4%), the original reason for switching back to warfarin had been a bleed while on a DOAC. One further patient had a high INR necessitating administration of vitamin K. The mean TTR of this cohort was 61.4% +/- 22.3. 33 patients (84.6%) of patients still attend the warfarin clinic, with cessation of anticoagulant therapy having occurred in three patients (7.7%) and death occurring in one patient (2.6%); two patients (5.1%) have been recommenced on a DOAC. 4. Discussion DOACs have several advantages over warfarin for many patients; they do not require monitoring and the dose remains stable. Index trials have demonstrated at least non-inferiority to warfarin in stroke prevention in non-valvular AF and treatment of VTE, with at least no significant difference in bleeding outcomes. However, warfarin can be an attractive option in complicated cases as it can be rapidly reversed, and there continues to be greater levels of clinician experience with its use. In the present study, we report data regarding the switch back to warfarin in a DOAC cohort, an area into which little research has been conducted. There were only 39 patients reported over a four-year period; this represents only a small minority of the full cohort. As expected, the majority of patients required a switch because of re-thrombosis or a bleeding event. Patients also required an appropriate switch in situations outside of the licence of the DOACs i.e. renal deterioration or valvular AF. The authors are not aware of any data regarding arterial embolisation in rivaroxaban users, and acute hepatitis has been rarely described in rivaroxaban use. These data confirm that switching from a DOAC to warfarin is seldom deemed necessary by clinicians. However, familiarity and experience may guide therapy in complicated cases, and vigilance is required to ensure adherence to the licence when prescribing a DOAC. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The number of degrees of freedom (DOF's) required for the task of opening and closing a door by a service robot has not been a subject of research. This paper analyses the implications of using nonholonomic non-redundant service robots for this task as part of our research studying how the reduction of DOF's effects a robot's capability. We will show only one DOF remains after the door handle has been grabbed by a robot. Using mathematical simulations the dependence of the robot's path on the geometry of the door-robot system is analysed. As a result we find the system shows both stable and unstable behavior. Analysing the influence of walls and system geometry on the required positioning accuracy of a service robot we present a method to determine the robot dimensions. The width of the robot's base and the length of the robot's arm are the most important parameters.


Semi-regular meshes describe surface models that exhibit a structural regularity that facilitates many geometric processing algorithms. We introduce a technique to construct semi-regular, quad-only meshes from input surface meshes of arbitrary polygonal type and genus. The algorithm generates a quad-only model through subdivision of the input polygons, then simplifies to a base domain that is homeomorphic to the original mesh. During the simplification, a novel hierarchical mapping method, keyframe mapping, stores specific levels-of-detail to guide the mapping of the original vertices to the base domain. The algorithm implements a scheme for refinement with adaptive resampling of the base domain and backward projects to the original surface. As a byproduct of the remeshing scheme, a surface parameterization is associated with the remesh vertices to facilitate subsequent geometric processing, i.e. texture mapping, subdivision surfaces and spline-based modeling.


• The term "music education" as commonly understood covers an enterprise gigantic in scope and diversity, complicated in organization, and controversial in aims and objectives. Implicit in the history of public school music in the United States is the lofty ideal of musical training for every child in the land. There has never been a time in the history of American music education when the spirit of reform was not in the air. Strong forces in both public and private education, at all levels from elementary school to college and conservatory, arc working diligently and persistently to improve the quulity and raise the standards of music. Cooperation with these forces, whether isolated individuals or organized groups, is the order of the day for everyone with a concern for excellence, whether teacher, parent, headmaster, or lay member of a village school committee. A report On music in thc schools was the outcome of a two-week seminar held at Yale University in June 1963 as a result of the initiative of Jerome Wiesner, [then] director, President's Office of Science and Technology, and the Panel on Educational Research and Development of the Advisory Committee to the Commissioner of Education in Washington. The thirty participants-composers, concert artists, jazz musicians, conductors, musicologists, university professors of music and of music education, and teachers in the schools-represented a diversity of professions never before brought together to consider the problems of music education.


Reaction of malononitrile with dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride gave (dimethylamino-methylene)malononitrile (1), 4-chloro-7-methyl-5,7-diaza-1,3,5-octatriene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (3a) and the pyridine 2. Compounds 3a and 3b as well as the triaza-derivative 3c may also be obtained by treatment of tetracyanopropenides 4a-c with dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride. Ring closures were achieved by heating 3 under alkaline or acidic conditions. Substitution of chlorine in 3a with aromatic amines provided 1-aryl-1,2-dihydro-2-imino-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitriles 7. Hydrolysis of 7 gave the 2-oxo-derivatives 8.


This article aims to investigate the effects of trade on individuals' views of China. Specifically, winners and losers of trade with China – in Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Korea, and Thailand –are expected to have different views of China. Using the Pew Research Center 2014 survey, the results of empirical analyses show that, regardless of whether they are expected to be the winners or not, educated individuals were more likely to view China as a threat to their country than the less educated. Meanwhile, although support for trade ties with other countries was positively associated with favorable opinions of China, in the upper-middleand high-income countries, it did not particularly reduce the likelihood of viewing China as a threat. In short, although trade can foster favorable views of China among individuals in East and Southeast Asia, China can still be regarded as a threat to their country.


Unreliability and interruptions facing power supply are evidence of the excessive heat generated in power systems, as a result of the inefficiency of oil cooling medium employed in distribution transformers. The design and implementation of a prototype automatic temperature control system is to be employed as a method towards solving the above stated problem of excessive temperature rise in distribution transformers. The prototype design consists of a PIC microcontroller programmed in C language, an LM35 temperature sensor, an electric fan and other diverse electronic component. It operates a mechanism that detects temperature rise in the transformer and automatically turns on the cooling fan at extreme temperature conditions. A 16x2 LCD is employed as the medium for temperature display unit of the transformer. The resulting prototype functions in a way that it has the ability to detect every 1oC rise and reduction in the temperature of the transformer. Thus, at extreme temperature conditions, the automatic temperature control system diminishes the excessive heat generated in the transformer to the appropriate working temperature condition.
Orjiewulu, J. C. | Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.


Abstract Two-term expansions for burning velocity in activation-energy asymptotics are developed for four-species, two-reactant, steady, planar, adiabatic laminar flames with irreversible one-step chemistry. General Stefan-Maxwell transport is included with Soret and Dufour effects, pressure gradients, body forces and radiant transport neglected. The results lead to identification of effective Lewis numbers (combinations of Lewis numbers for different pairs of species) that affect the burning velocity, and by exhibiting influences of fully variable transport and thermodynamic properties they provide a basis for achieving improved accuracy in asymptotic analysis of flame propagation in two-reactant systems such as hydrogen-halogen mixtures. When suitably specialized to the more restrictive conditions considered in earlier work, the burning velocities obtained here agree with those derived previously


Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) employing outer-sphere redox shuttles. A three-electrode cell was used to overcome limitations associated with a high charge transfer resistance at the counter electrode, accurately compare alumina coated and bare photoanodes, and compare DSSCs with different solution potentials. The effect of an alumina coating, which has been shown to improve the performance of such DSSCs, was determined by comparisons of the chemical capacitance, charge transport and charge recombination. Contrary to previous reports and our expectations, no evidence of recombination from surface states was observed at any potential range for either coated or uncoated electrodes, further confirmed with open circuit voltage decay measurements. Instead, even a single atomic layer deposition cycle of alumina acts as a tunneling barrier layer, which produces the decrease in recombination rate of electrons from the TiO2 to the oxidized redox sh...


In the recently ended EC Desalination project, focused on evaluation of salt extraction by poultices in contaminated masonry, an innovative research methodology based on the use of Non-Destructive Techniques (NDT) was developed. The project findings revealed the importance to characterize the substrate to optimize the desalination process: the pore size distribution of the poultice must be adapted to the pore size of the building materials, as suggested by the main outcomes of the research. This paper presents the in situ application of three different poultice mixtures, characterized respectively by a coarse (> 10 μ), medium (1-10 μ) and fine (0.1-1 μ) porous structure, to the same porous material. The brick masonry of the Terese Convent (Venice, Italy) was selected as test site: affected by sea flooding, rising damp and marine aerosol it is damaged by sea salt crystallization. An adequate pre-treatment analysis of the masonry by NDT techniques, validated by laboratory analyses, shown the existence of three different kind of bricks (red, pink and yellow) characterized by different structural properties and physical parameters. In details, to control the surfaces before and after poultice application, the work was focused on resistivity measurements to verify and monitor, in a non invasive way, the effectiveness of the poultice treatments. The moisture content (MC%) and the hygroscopic moisture content (HMC%) of bricks powder samples collected at different height were related to the electrical properties of the building materials to assess the salt extraction effect of the different substrate-poultice combination on site.


Keywords: 3D city ; imaginaire ; modelisation ; ville numerique ; virtual worlds Reference EPFL-TALK-227135 Record created on 2017-03-30, modified on 2017-05-12


GABA is thought to elicit synaptic inhibition by two different mechanisms. Presynaptic inhibition appears to depend on partial depolarization by GABA of sensory nerve terminals primarily in the spinal cord and lower brain stem, causing a diminished release of their neurotransmitter (ECCLES et al., 1963; TEBECIS & PHILLIS, 1969; DAVIDOFF, 1972; BARKER et al. 1975a,b). In higher brain centers GABA is a major transmitter of postsynaptic inhibition, directly eliciting hyperpolarization of cells by an increase in chloride permeability (CURTIS & JOHNSTON, 1974; KRNJEVIC, 1974). Receptor sites for GABA effects on presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition differ in their sensitivities to various drugs (ECCLES et al., 1963; OBATA et al., 1970; NICOLL, 1971; NICOLL et al., 1976). Thus it would be of interest to compare biochemical properties of GABA receptors in the spinal cord, the major locus of presynaptic inhibition, with GABA receptors in whole brain, where GABA elicited postsynaptic inhibition presumably predominates. Several studies of presynaptic inhibition have utilized the frog spinal cord in which some aspects of GABA transmission appear to differ from mammalian species (BARKER et al., 1975a,b; PIXNER, 1974). Conceivably, biochemical characteristics of GABA receptors might differ in the frog and in mammals. Recently synaptic GABA receptors have been labelled by the sodium independent binding of C3H]GABA to CNS membranes (ZUKIN et al., 1974; ENNA & SNYDER, 1975; ENNA et al., 1975; ENNA & SNYDER, in press). Evidence that this binding involves physiological GABA receptors includes the close correlation between neurophysiological potency of several amino acids and their binding affinities. Neurophysiological antagonism of GABA synaptic effects by bicuculline is stereospecific with essentially all activity residing in the (+)-isomer. (+)-Bicuculline is a potent inhibitor of sodium independent C3H]GABA receptor binding, while the neurophysiologically inactive ( -)-isomer is much weaker (ENNA & SNYDER, in press; ENNA et al., in press). Bicuculline stereospecificity is not observed with receptor binding for other neurotransmitters. Regional variations in C3H]CABA receptor binding parallel the distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase in monkey brain (ENNA et al., 1975), though the correlation is less evident in rat brain (ZUKIN et al., 1974; ENNA & SNYDER, 1975). In the present study we have characterized the sodium independent binding of C3H]GABA in frog spinal cord and brain and compared properties of these binding sites with those of mammalian brain.


Objectives: To assess the characteristics of assumed accidental ear injury in children. Methods: A prospective survey of 111 children presenting with accidental external or internal ear injuries to a paediatric accident and emergency department. Results: The majority of patients were male (73%). Right and left sided injuries were equally common (51% right, non-bilateral). Presentation with accidental ear injury was very rare in children under the age of 1 year (n=1). Most patients were self referred (98%), and presented within six hours of injury (84%). The mechanism of injury was variable, but cotton bud induced injury was common (7%). The most common injuries were lacerations of the pinna, in 63 patients (56%). Fourteen per cent had blood in the external canal. Only three patients required admission. Conclusions: Lacerations are the commonest form of accidental ear injury. Ear injuries that are bilateral and in children less than 1 year of age are rare and may suggest non-accidental injury. Cotton bud induced injury is common and preventable.


Objective To know the prevalence of hypertension and its relevant factors among children in Guangxi.Methods From 8 urban and rural primary schools in Guangxi,6 399 children aged 6~13 years were sampled with two-step cluster stratified random sampling.Blood pressure,height,weight,waist circumference were measured and some related factors were investigated with a uniform questionnaire.PASW Statistics 18.0 soft ware was used for data analysis.Results The prevalence of hypertension among the children was 9.50%(10.20% in boys,8.74% in girls).Several ratios including heavier born weight,overweight,obesity,3 or more lineal relatives with hypertension,eating fried food each week,a one-side diet and eating quickly habit in the children suffering from hypertension were higher than those in normal children.Conclusion Born weight,family history of hypertension,fatness,eating quickly habit may be associated with hypertension among children.


The geometric mean is typically used to measure the mean of inflation rate and population fluctuation. It is also used in the description and analysis of singularities and geometric distance spaces. Gradient descent is an integral part of artificial intelligence. In this study, we transform the gradient calculation from conventional quadratic gradient descent algorithms into a root extraction calculation using geometric means. To eliminate the computational complexity of differential operations in gradient calculation and to easily calculate roots using only fundamental arithmetic operations, we introduce the Kai Fang method, the East Asian traditional root extraction method. To do this, we propose a new quadratic gradient descent method based on geometric means and we apply the Kai Fang method with geometric means to create an improved quadratic gradient descent method. The proposed method shows improved computational ease over conventional methods.


This work investigated the impact of bank credit on the growth of Nigerian economy for the period of 1986-2012. The data was sourced from CBN statistical bulletin. To determine the impact of the independent variables on the dependent OLS method of estimation was employed. ADF was used to determine the order of integration, and all the variables were found to be integrated of same order one I(1). The Johansen and Juselius co-integration test was employed and the result showed that there is at most one co-integrating equation in the model, implying that there is a long run relationship between the variables in the model. The result of the OLS regression showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between GDP and TBCPS in the long run. M2 which was used as control variable has a positive and significant impact on GDP at the long run. The ECM showed that 24.03% of the disequilibrium will be corrected yearly. The short run dynamics of the variables indicates that TBCPS also have a negative and insignificant impact on GDP at the short-run. The result of the granger causality test reviles that causation runs from GDP to TBCPS and not the other way round, a case of unidirectional causality. The result also showed bidirectional causality between TBCPS and M2. And based on the forgoing it was recommended that CBN should lower the lending rate by manipulating the monetary policy rate, direct credit control should also be adopted by the CBN in other to improve the contribution of the informal sector. The government should improve on the infrastructural facilities in the country at the same time improve the level of security in this country by tackling the issue of Boko Haram sect and Militancy in Niger Delta. Key words: Bank Credit, Economic Growth, Co-integration.


Abstract The pressure dependence of the rate of self-diffusion has been measured up to about 6 kbar by a radiotracer sputter-sectioning technique in Ag at 594, 683, 766, 885 and 994 K and in Au at 692 K. In the case of Aga gradual increase of the activation volume from 0.66ω (ω=atomic volume) to 0.84ω was observed. This observation may be considered as a further 'weak' anomaly of self-diffusion in addition to the already known curvature of the Arrhenius plot at ambient pressure and the decrease of the isotope effect with increasing temperature. In the case of Au the activation volume of 0.73ω from the present work, together with literature values near the melting temperature, indicates that the activation volume is almost temperature independent. This observation fits into the overall picture that for Au the other two anomalies are also very weak. It is concluded that a consistent analysis of the available data is possible in terms of the monovacancy-divacancy model. It appears that an interpretation of s...


converters are very attractive in practice because they have high efficiency, small size, light weight, fast dynamic response, low component stresses and low noise. One of the relatively new resonant DC-DC converters is a Series-Parallel Resonant Converter (SPRC) also called an LCC converter. Under constant frequency, the filter designs are simplified and utilization of magnetic components is improved. The LCC-SPRC takes on the desirable characteristics of the pure series and the pure parallel converter, thus removing the main disadvantages. The use of soft-switching techniques alleviates switching loss problems and allows a significant increase in the converter switching frequency. In the present work Bi-directional Series Parallel Resonant Converter are designed and the simulation results are presented. Keywordsfrequency converter; Isolated LCC converter; ZVS bi- directional converter.


ing larvae (N. osgoodi), direct development (N. malcolmi), ovoviviparity (N. tornieri and N. viviparus) and viviparity (N. occidentalis). The pattern of evolution of derived reproductive modes and the relationships of the species are discussed. Though N. osgoodi has the most primitive reproductive mode, it is more closely related to N. malcolmi and N. occidentalis than to N. tornieri or N. viviparus when both reproductive and other morphological features are considered.


A new approach is given to describe the superconducting properties of the A-15 compounds. Using the notion of charge transfer and local character of the constituents of an alloy, an attempt is made to give a coherent picture of the superconducting properties of different A3X alloys. A correlation is found between the difference of the density of electrons at the limits of the Wigner-Seitz cell of the atoms in an alloy and its physical properties. If the transfer is proportional to this difference, the Tc variations of different A-15 alloys can be described. This model also predicts high Tc for 'hypothetical' A-15 alloys like Nb3Si, Nb3Te or Nb3Bi.


Feed intake of a dairy cow is a main factor limiting milk production,it also affects the fertility and health of that cow.The authors developed a special feed trough that can identify each cow and automatically measure the feed intake of individual cows,with the management software for automatically analyzing feed intake change and behavior each cow,and identifying feed intake among individuals or groups.


In order to improve the real-time reliability of grid-connected wind turbines,optimize the maintenance strategy,and reduce the cost of wind power generation,it is necessary to consider the interaction and coupling between components or subsystems of a wind turbine.An online assessment model for the operation conditions of the whole wind turbine is established by data mining technology.Firstly,after analyzing the shortcomings of the supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA) warning system of wind turbines,a more robust on-line assessment scheme is proposed based on the cooperation of a regression prediction model and the SCADA warning system.Secondly,the regression prediction model is described in detail that the support vector regression(SVR) algorithm is adopted.The inputs of SVR are part of the monitoring projects of the SCADA system,and the output of SVR is the active power of the wind turbine.Finally,measurement results of a wind farm are used to verify the proposed model.


Objective Explore the relationship between the expression of survivin gene and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma and investigate its effect on malignancy of osteosarcoma.Methods Adopt in situ hybridization,immunohistochemistry and DNA in situ end-labeling methods to detect survivin mRNA in 38 osteosarcoma cases,15 osteochondroma cases,5 normal ones,Caspase-3 protein and apoptosis in osteosarcoma.Results Compare with normal osseous tissue (0%) and ostechondroma (6.7%),Survivin were significantly expressed in osteosarcoma (65.8%),and correlated with tissue typing and metastasis(P0.05);in osteosarcoma,positive ratio of Caspase-3 protein and apoptosis were 71.1% and 63.2% respectively,mean value of apoptosis index (AI) is 8.3%;AI of negative group of survivin is significantly higher than positive one(P0.01);Survivin has no correlation with expression of Caspase-3.Conclusion Survivin selectively expresses in osteosarcoma.It is probably involved in the etiology of osteosarcoma by suppressing apoptosis,and maybe an important reference marker in evaluating the prognosis of osteosarcoma.


In order to clarify the relationship of characteristic values obtained by the tensile tests and lateral compression tests, the both tests for cylindrical tubes of aluminum alloy were carried out at a quasi-static rate. The relatively hard alloys were selected as the fracture occurs at one or both sides of tubes in the lateral compression test. A theoretical study concerning the lateral compression of thin-walled tubes was also performed. A new model introducing strain hardening into an ordinary plastic hinge theory was proposed. Load/deflection curves predicted by using the new model agreed well with experimental curves for all materials tested. The proof stress and ultimate strength were also obtained from the lateral compression test data by using our new plastic deformation model. These values showed good agreement with those obtained from tensile test data.


In the framework of the QCD parton model, we study unpolarized scattering of high energy real photons from a proton target into lepton pairs and a system of hadrons. For a given parametrization of parton distributions in the proton, we calculate the cross section of this process and show the cancellation of the interference terms.


After a three day adjournment the trial of Dr Sidney Gee's libel action against the BBC moved into a new phase as the court began hearing the evidence of Dr Gerald Swyer, the first of the expert witnesses to be called on Dr Gee's behalf. A consultant endocrino logist in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of University College Hospital and Medical School from 1951 to 1978, Dr Swyer told the court that he was one of two researchers who carried out what he believed was the first double-blind trial of dried thyroid and dexamphetamine, the results of which were published in Clinical Science in 1950. At that time, he said, use of dried thyroid and amphetamines as adjuncts to dieting in the control of obesity was fairly widespread. He and his coauthor had found that the administration of 5 mg of dexamphetamine three times a day produced a statistically signifi? cant increase in the rate of weight loss, he said. Although there was a greater weight loss when dried thyroid in a daily dose of 90 mg was given, the difference between that and the weight loss with placebo was not statistically significant. With dexamphetamine plus dried thyroid the weight loss was again greater than that with dex? amphetamine alone, but the difference was not statistically signifi? cant. He said no adverse effects had been encountered in the patients. Subsequent trials, particularly in the United States, had generally confirmed those conclusions but showed that the administration of thyroid hormone could assist weight loss after the use of calorie controlled diets. Dr Swyer said that he disagreed with the view, commonly held in Britain, that, on the one hand, dexamphetamine could be a perilous drug and, on the other, no person with a normal thyroid function ought to be given thyroid hormone treatment. In the United States the use of both thyroid and anorectic drugs had been widespread and still continued. Experimental activity using thyroid hormone treatment in conjunction with low calorie diets still went on in Britain, he added, and there had been recently published papers? for example, from Professor Mills's department in Cambridge. Dr Swyer said that he would consider a charge that Dr Gee had endangered the Uves of his obese patients by the drug therapy aspect of his treatment to be wholly unjustified. He found the allegation that Dr Gee's treatment had made Mrs Day thyrotoxic uncon? vincing. Michael Beloff QC, leading counsel for Dr Gee, took Dr Swyer through Mrs Day's alleged symptoms. Dr Swyer concluded that the symptoms were not inconsistent with an anxiety state. Mr Beloff referred Dr Swyer to Mrs Day's thyroid test, taken within a week after she came off the thyroid extract. Dr Swyer said that the thyroxine concentration of 156 nmol/1 was within the upper part of the normal range, bearing in mind that Mrs Day had been having thyroid treatment. The total thyroxine figure of 115 nmol/1 six days later was a wholly normal figure and would imply that the dried thyroid treatment was no longer having any effect on the blood test. With regard to Mrs Day's raised pulse rates, Dr Swyer said the fact that there were high readings several months after treatment had stopped led to the conclusion that there was a cause other than the treatment. He said he would come back to an anxiety state as being the most likely cause, no doubt made worse from time to time by increased stresses in her environment. Moving on to the case of Mrs White, Dr Swyer said that he had not seen any convincing evidence that hyperthyroidism had played any part in her condition. Intermittent palpitations pointed possibly more directly to a condition affecting the heart. On the evidence, he said, he did not think that the charge that Dr Gee's treatment had caused or contributed to Mrs White's death was made out, on the balance of probabilities. Asked whether it was more probable than not that Mrs Falconer had been made hyperthyroid by Dr Gee's treatment, Dr Swyer replied that the evidence was by no means satisfying. Mr Beloff asked him to look at Mrs Falconer's "controversial" thyroid test, carried out on the Thursday preceding her death. Dr Swyer said that the T4 value given?which he took to be the total serum thyroxine?was 146 nmol/1, within the upper range of normal. But the T3, if it meant the serum T3 concentration, was impossibly high. He therefore assumed, he continued, that it was shorthand for T3 resin uptake. The figures were precisely what one would expect to find in a woman taking oral contraceptives, when a relative raised total thyroxine and a decreased T3 resin uptake would be charac? teristic. Dr Swyer added that if his interpretation of the T3 figure was right then the figure of 200 for the free thyroxine index was wrong. Doing the calculations correctly would give a figure of 106, pretty close to the normal range. Looking at Mrs Falconer's postmortem report, Dr Swyer said that there was nothing that pointed directly to her having been made thyrotoxic by Dr Gee's treatment. The weight of her thyroid gland was on the low side, which could indicate that the gland had been suppressed, but that could have been caused by the administration of exogenous thyroid hormone. From the description of the cardiovascular system he inferred that she had significant coronary atheromatous disease, which had nothing to do with Dr Gee's treatment but might have had to do with her smoking and being on the pill. Moving on to the effects of Dr Gee's treatment in pregnancy, Dr Swyer said there was no evidence that thyroid hormone, provided it was not in excess, did any harm to a pregnant woman or her fetus. There was no convincing epidemiological evidence of increased incidence of congenital malformations in babies born to mothers who were taking amphetamine. Cross examined by Andrew Rankin QC, leading counsel for the BBC, Dr Swyer said that the 1950 article he had referred to earlier was the only original article he had written on obesity. In the endocrine clinic he ran before he retired, he said, he had seen at least one new obese patient at each clinic. It was always his practice to start off the medical history by asking about the family history, particularly of hypertension, cardiovascular problems, and diabetes. Every patient at each attendance had a urine test. Dr Swyer said that he had stopped giving thyroid hormones for obesity probably around 1965. Occasionally he would use thyroxine for patients whose thyroid function when measured was in the lower part of the normal range. Such patients would be started on a low London NW1


This article highlights an action research project that sparked transformation regarding how early years practitioners documented children's learning. The dominant discourse of standardisation and narrowing of early childhood education, encapsulated in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's International Early Learning Study, has resulted in the 'shaping' and 'testing' of young children around the globe. The OECD has become very interested in early childhood education and is a very instrumental player today (Moss, 2018). Consequently, the testing of young children has been instigated by governments to ensure children gain the accepted knowledge, skills and dispositions required to be successful learners. Situated within this context of testing and standardisation, this article will share knowledge gained from a small action research project that took place in one Scottish early years setting. The study was stimulated by the early years practitioners of the setting, who strongly opposed the 'reductionist' formal 'tick-box' assessments produced by their local authority. These types of didactic formal assessments suggest that pedagogy is underpinned by a desire to tame, predict, prepare, supervise and evaluate learning. This article is of critical importance as it examines the imposition of didactic assessment from the practitioners' perspective. The practitioners in the study contested that 'tick-box' assessments diminished children's identities down to a list of judgements about their academic abilities, or lack thereof. The introduction of the 'tick-box' assessments presented a dilemma for the practitioners, in terms of the different views of the government and practitioners of what knowledge is worth knowing and what individuals and groups are able to learn. Many of the practitioners from the early childcare and learning setting positioned themselves and their work as being consciously different from what was going on in the wider sector. The early childcare and learning setting employed in this article introduced a new method to capture children's learning, which they named the 'Lived Story' approach. In this article, we argue that Lived Stories are a form of narrative assessment which are designed to track children's progress whilst respecting the complexity of their learning, their position within the learning process, the flow/fluidity of their ways of being and their ability to act in radical, creative and innovative ways. We conclude that by using 'Lived Stories' practitioners were able to lessen the surety of the language we use. The article highlights that as practitioners write Lived Stories and assess children's progress they are freed to use language such as 'wondering, puzzling, thinking, exploring'. In turn, we demonstrate that this language, and the ideas it enables, are on a continuum; a journey that spans a lifetime. understanding and inclusiveness. Exploring your community helps you to feel more connected to it and willing to participate in it. These concerns can extend to the global community, as you learn more. Perhaps you would like to make something with the wood that Tommy gave to us? What kinds of things would you like to create? There are musical instruments made from wood, you could continue with your explorations of sound with an instrument you have created. Structures, like houses and schools, can also be made of wood. The possibilities are as grand as your imagination. you know, outside hands-on on learning .. . da da da da da'. It actually repeats in quite a lot of the entries and I know that's the kind of learning bit.


The Endcap TOF (ETOF) of Beijing Spectrometer(BESIII) is consisted of 2x48 pieces of trapezoidal scintillator. Its main physics goal is to realize 2 sigma pi/k separation at momentum up to 0.8GeV/c, and to reach the intrinsic time resolution of 80ps. In this paper, the properties of photomultiplier tube(R5924) and plastic scintillators (BC404, BC408, EJ204) are studied, a ETOF module with different wrappings is tested with the beam of 800MeV electron at IHEP. The results show that the time resolution of an ETOF module using scintillator BC404 or EJ204 is below 80ps which includes the electronic fluctuation. The ESR wrapping can efficiently enhance the amplitude of the output pulse and improve the performance of the TOF detector.


Dengue Virus (DENV) is transmitted by mosquito bite. This paper discusses the importance of Dengue Fever (DF) as an emerging disease in the world. In this study, some keywords such as break bone fever, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, epidemiology, transmission methods, clinical manifestations, treatment, prevention, reservoirs, vectors, and Iran were searched on the Internet and reputable medical journals in order to find the papers published from 1988 to 2020. Until the mid-20th century, Dengue fever was restricted to special parts of the tropics and subtropics. Climate changes, increasing international travels and urban population, ineffective vector control methods, the lack of safe and effective antiviral drug and vaccine to prevent the disease are among the various factors contributing to the global distribution of DF. Dengue fever is a serious global threat to the lives of over 2.5 billion people in over 100 countries. Today, DF is endemic to Asia, Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. In fact, approximately 40% of the world's population is now living in countries with a high risk of DF transmission. The disease is endemic to urban and suburban areas across the tropics and subtropics of the world. It has been reported as an imported disease in Iran in recent years. Due to the appropriate climatic conditions and the presence of vectors, DF is likely to become endemic to Iran and put a large proportion of the population at risk of transmission. Therefore, the DF vectors' control should be precisely and consistently included in the Iranian health system's agendas.


Diabetic foot is severe chronic complication of the topographic skin microcirculation decreases the skin oxygenation of the lower limb,and plays an important role in the development of the diabetic foot.Transcutaneous oxygen pressureTcpo2 is a noninvasive method reflecting topographic skin microcirculation directly and can be used to detect diabetic patients at risk of foot ulceration and predict the healing of foot ulcers.TcPO2 tension also seems to be useful for deteminingthe optimal amputation level,monitoringclinical progression and evaluatingthe rapeutic efficacy.


The production of potato crops (Solanum tuberosum L.) is limited by the lack of healthy, certified, and good quality seed. In vitro tuberization could satisfy this
 need. Growth regulators and molecules such as H2O2 have been used to induce microtubers. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of H2O2 as inducer of microtuberization
 in three subcultures. The hypothesis suggests H2O2 has an inducing effect on the in vitro tuberization of S. tuberosum in more than one subculture. The experimental design was a 2?6?3
 factorial design, in which the main factors were: H2O2 treatment, observation days, and subcultures; each subculture had 12 experimental units with three replicates per treatment. Nodal
 explants of potato microplants were immersed in 5 mM of H2O2 for 1 h, and then they were incubated in a MS medium, during 30 d: this was the first subculture. One part of the microplants of
 this subculture were transferred to a tuberization medium, and another part was subcultured twice. The first subculture was submerged in H2O2. The inducing effect of H2O2 was observed in the
 microtuberization of the three subcultures. H2O2 stimulated the in vitro tuberization in the three subcultures during the observation days. The largest number of microtubers (MT) was recorded
 in subculture II; however, the inducing effect of H2O2 was observed in all three subcultures. The correlation between the weight and size of MT was positive (r2 ?0.63) and 64% of MT sprouted
 before the harvest. H2O2 could be included in MT intensive production systems.


Economic growth in Lao PDR is projected to rebound to 6.5 percent in 2019, up from 6.3 percent in 2018. This pick up is expected to be driven by growth of the construction sector supported by investments in large infrastructure projects, and a resilient services sector, led by wholesale and retail trade growth. The Government has remained committed to fiscal consolidation to contain public debt in the medium term by tightening public expenditure and improving revenue administration. The medium-term outlook remains broadly favorable, but subject to downside risks from heightened uncertainty in the global and domestic environments. Prolonged trade partners, and spillover to the domestic economy through lower trade and investment, and reduced prices for key export commodities. The authorities may face difficulty in responding to such economic shocks given the low level of foreign currency reserves and significant external public debt. A priority is therefore to create fiscal space through improving tax policy and administration as well as build up reserve buffers to respond to shocks. Additionally, improving the business environment and reversing the decline in the global ranking of the ease of doing business, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises, could also contribute to greater macroeconomic stability, job creation and poverty reduction.


Abstract Introduction Liver involvement is common in patients with Turner syndrome. Most patients are asymptomatic and the pathogenesis of these findings remains unclear. Objectives The aim of this study is to correlate the main clinical, anthropometric and laboratory characteristics with the findings of hepatic elastography in patients with Turner syndrome. Methods We performed an observational cross-sectional study of adult patients diagnosed with Turner syndrome, confirmed by karyotype, without signs/symptoms of acute or chronic liver disease. Anthropometric and laboratory tests were done, including liver enzymes, lipid, and glycemic profile. Patients underwent liver health assessment using transient liver elastography at a tertiary hospital. Continuous variables were compared by Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test as appropriate, while categorical variables were compared by Chi-square and Fisher exact test as appropriate. Results Twenty-three patients were enrolled and completed the study, with valid results from parameters of hepatic elastography. Patients who presented hepatic fibrosis risk on elastography, showed a higher concentration of triglycerides (p=0,046) and ALT/TGP (p=0. 028). The group with fatty liver showed higher concentrations of triglycerides (p=0. 033) and GGT (p=0. 046). Nine patients (34,8%) demonstrated intermediate risk of fibrosis and only one patient (4,8%) had a value suggestive of advanced fibrosis on liver elastography by kPa measurement. On the other hand, the CAP (Controlled Attenuation Parameter) identified steatosis grade I (S1) in 1/23 patients (4.3%), grade II (S2) in 1/23 patients (4.3%), and grade III (S3) in 7/23 patients (30.4%). Hepatic fibrosis and steatosis were not associated with the use of rhGH in childhood (p=0.190), neither with karyotype (p=0.675). Conclusions Our data showed a mild relationship among findings of elastography and comorbidities/kariotype. We demonstrate the importance of elastography as a non-invasive method for assessing liver involvement in Turner's syndrome, identifying degrees of fibrosis and steatosis in this population. Thus, fibroscan, with the measures of LSM (liver stiffness measurement) and CAP, emerges as a promising technique in the routine assessment of liver health in patients with Turner syndrome. Presentation: No date and time listed


With the introduction of the of notary public into Serbian law, notary services are gaining more and more importance, and thus the role of notaries has become more dominant in different fields of law, primarily in contract law. Proscribing the notarial form as ad solemnitatem form for the validity of some contracts, thus deviating from the principle of consensualism inherent to the law of obligations, the question of the justification of the constitutive character of the notarial form arises. In order to find the answer to the raised question, it is necessary to examine the types and functions of the form determined by legal policy goals which justify formalism in contract law, and whose realization is especially contributed by notaries as actors in shaping legal transactions. The notarial form also has a special significance for contracts of inheritance law, where it has been proscribed as obligatory for the most important contracts (inheritance law contracts, contract on lifelong maintenance, contract on assignment and distribution of property during lifetime ). The aim of this research is to determine the significance of the notarial form in contractual inheritance law.


8,477,851, which is a continuation of application No. 12,567,161, filed on Sep. 25, 2009, now Pat No. (7) ABSTRACT 8,050.323, which is a continuation of application No. Coding techniques for a video image compression system 1 1/831,723, filed on Jul. 31, 2007, now Pat. No. involve improving an image quality of a sequence of two or 7,894.524, which is a division of application No. more bi-directionally predicted intermediate frames, where 10/187,395, filed on Jun. 28, 2002, now Pat. No. each of the frames includes multiple pixels. One method 7.266,150, which is a continuation-in-part of involves determining a brightness value of at least one pixel of application No. 09/904.203, filed on Jul. 11, 2001, now each bi-directionally predicted intermediate frame in the Pat. No. 6,816,552. sequence as an equal average of brightness values of pixels in non-bidirectionally predicted frames bracketing the sequence (51) Int. Cl. of bi-directionally predicted intermediate frames. The bright H04N 7/2 (2006.01) ness values of the pixels in at least one of the non-bidirection H04N II/02 (2006.01) ally predicted frames is converted from a non-linear repre H04N II/04 (2006.01) sentation. HO)4N 7/50 (2006.01) H04N 7/26 (2006.01) 4 Claims, 15 Drawing Sheets


Background Keratoconus is mainly a noninflammatory, bilateral corneal disease, which changes stability and refractive intensity. Aim Studying the visual acuity, refraction, and keratometric data of keratoconic patients who underwent either standard or accelerated cross-linking at 6-month duration. Patients and methods A randomized, comparative study with 60 eyes of 30 keratoconus patients. The study participants were categorized into two groups: A and B. Patients in group A underwent epi off conventional corneal crosslinking according to The Dresden's protocol (3 mW/cm2 for 30 min), while patients in group B underwent epi off accelerated corneal crosslinking (30 mW/cm2 for only 3 min). Preoperative and postoperative outcomes were evaluated and then compared. Results The conventional corneal crosslinking group showed more improvement than the accelerated corneal crosslinking group in postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity and corrected distant visual acuity at 6 months of follow-up. The two groups were similar in terms of spherical equivalent and manifest refraction. No significant change in K1 and K2 in the both groups from preoperative at 6 months. The same results were found for 6 months of f/up of corneal topography as well as central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest location of cornea thickness. Conclusions The study has increased the proof on the power of conventional corneal crosslinking in comparison with accelerated corneal crosslinking at 6 months of follow up.


Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common reason for seeking medical care and prescribing antimicrobials. Purpose is to highlight the issues of diagnosis and treatment of UTIs, taking into account the updates of 2022. The diagnostic aspects of UTIs are considered. Antibacterial and non-antibacterial measures for the treatment and prevention of UTIs are highlighted. The priority prescription of phosphomycin in the treatment and prevention of uncomplicated and complicated UTIs is substantiated. The advantages and disadvantages of telemedicine counselling for patients with UTI are shown. To diagnose acute uncomplicated cystitis, a urine test is performed, and if acute pyelonephritis is suspected, a bacteriological urine test is performed. To treat a patient with cystitis, oral nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) or sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim are prescribed, and if this is not possible, oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or intravenous aminoglycosides (single dose) are used. The introduction of telemedicine into primary care can improve treatment outcomes for urological patients, but doctors prescribe urinalysis and urine bacteriology less frequently during e-visits compared to office visits, and prescribe antibiotics much more frequently. Short-term treatment of symptomatic UTIs, continuous or intermittent low-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis with phosphomycin are recommended by guidelines from leading associations in Europe and the United States as anti-recurrent therapy to reduce the risk of future UTIs and improve the quality of life of women of all ages. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.


Prediction of ionospheric state is a critical space weather problem. We expand on our previous research of medium‐range ionospheric forecasts and present new results on evaluating prediction capabilities of three physics‐based ionosphere‐thermosphere models (Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model, TIE‐GCM; Coupled Thermosphere Ionosphere Plasmasphere Electrodynamics Model, CTIPe; and Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model, GITM). The focus of our study is understanding how current modeling approaches may predict the global ionosphere for geomagnetic storms (as studied through 35 storms during 2000–2016). Prediction approach uses physics‐based modeling without any manual model adjustment, quality control, or selection of the results. Our goal is to understand to what extent current physics‐based modeling can be used in total electron content (TEC) prediction and explore uncertainties of these prediction efforts with multiday lead times. The ionosphere‐thermosphere model runs are driven by actual interplanetary conditions, whether those data come from real‐time measurements or predicted values themselves. These model runs were performed by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC). Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)‐produced global ionospheric maps (GIMs) were used to validate model TEC estimates. We utilize the True Skill Statistic (TSS) metric for the TEC prediction evaluation, noting that this is but one metric to assess predictive skill and that complete evaluations require combinations of such metrics. The meanings of contingency table elements for the prediction performance are analyzed in the context of ionosphere modeling. Prediction success is between about 0.2 and 0.5 for weak ionospheric disturbances and decreases for strong disturbances. We evaluate the prediction of TEC decreases and increases. Our results indicate that physics‐based modeling during storms shows promise in TEC prediction with multiday lead time.


✓ The authors recommend the use of a reticulin stain for frozen sections to differentiate between astrocytomas and neurilemmomas during surgery. This technique was first described for the diagnosis of pituitary adenomas.


Abstract: Parenting is the way parents behave, interact and treat their children. This paper aims to examine the family concept and typology of parenting from the perspective of the Qur'an and its comparison with Western parenting styles. This research is a literature review by tracing the verses of the Qur'an related to parenting. The results of this study indicate that the concept of family in the perspective of the Qur'an is based on parents' understanding of family goals. Meanwhile, from a Western perspective, parenting is influenced by external conditions of the family. The typology of parenting in the perspective of the Qur'an is determined from the goal of raising a family, saving the family from hellfire, and maintaining the nature of the child from birth. From these two goals, parenting styles in the Qur'an can be mapped into two, they are caring and ignorant parenting. Meanwhile, the typology of parenting in a Western perspective refers to two dimensions; responsiveness and demandingness resulting in four types of parenting; authoritative/democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful styles. The aim of Islamic parenting is not only for achieving happiness and family harmony in the world but also in the hereafter. Meanwhile, the aim of Western parenting is only to achieve happiness and family harmony in the world.


We study the ground state properties and the excitation spectrum of bosons which, in addition to a short-range repulsive two body potential, interact through the exchange of some dispersionless bosonic modes. The latter induces a time dependent (retarded) boson-boson interaction which is attractive in the static limit. Moreover the coupling with dispersionless modes introduces a reference frame for the moving boson system and hence breaks the Galilean invariance of this system. The ground state of such a system is depleted {\it linearly} in the boson density due to the zero point fluctuations driven by the retarded part of the interaction. Both quasiparticle (microscopic) and compressional (macroscopic) sound velocities of the system are studied. The microscopic sound velocity is calculated up the second order in the effective two body interaction in a perturbative treatment, similar to that of Beliaev for the dilute weakly interacting Bose gas. The hydrodynamic equations are used to obtain the macroscopic sound velocity. We show that these velocities are identical within our perturbative approach. We present analytical results for them in terms of two dimensional parameters -- an effective interaction strength and an adiabaticity parameter -- which characterize the system. We find that due the presence of several competing effects, which determine the speed of the sound of the system, three qualitatively different regimes can be in principle realized in the parameter space and discuss them on physical grounds.


The present invention relates to a single dust discharge welding station apparatus, including dust return air (1), dust return conduit (2), placing the active filter cotton cassette (3), the suction fan (4) and a switch (8), which characterized in that: said dust return air (1) located above the welding work (6), said dust return air (1) are connected by an upper end of the dust return pipe (2) and the active filter cotton placed cassette (3), the active cotton filter placed in the magazine (3) and the lower end of the suction fan (4) connected to a suction fan (4) is fixed to a welding jig base surface (5). Single-station apparatus according to the present invention, dust removing dust discharge welding apparatus and welding jig effective binding, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost, space saving, while improving staff operating environment.


Off-label prescribing includes using the drug for an unapproved indication, or at an unapproved dose or by an unapproved route, or disregarding the contraindications or precautions of the product information.


Gold has its own importance from investors and cultural point of view. It stands as a sign of wealth and prosperity amongst individual and is popular among investors for building a strong portfolio. There are different ways to invest in gold viz. gold bullion bars, ornaments, gold coins, gold futures, gold ETFs etc. Gold ETFs are like owing virtual gold, which does away with the difficulties confronted while investing in physical gold. The present study aims to understand the advantages of investing in gold ETFs over physical gold and compare their returns and deviations of returns. For the purpose of the study the data was collected from secondary sources and was analysed using Ms-excel. Further hypothesis was tested using T-test and results were interpreted thereof. The study concluded that gold stands as one of the best diversifier and gold ETFs provides almost same returns as that of gold hence to avoid the difficulties conferred while in investing in physical gold one can switch to gold ETFs.


Objective To make stable crebanine injection. Methods The color change was determined by spectrophotometry. The optimum preparation process was selected with the L8(27) orthogonal design. Results The best preparation process to make 0.25% crebanine injection was obtained adding HCl to pH=4.4, adding NaHSO3 as antioxidant, and CO2 to protect crebanine from being oxidized, storing where could advoid light. The crebanine injection made in this way can stain the original color even had been heated in boiling water for 6 hours and been irradiated 12 hours by strong light. Conclusion The crebanine injection made in the way mentioned above can obtained better stability.


Short text clustering has far-reaching effects on semantic analysis, showing its importance for multiple applications such as corpus summarization and information retrieval. However, it inevitably encounters the severe sparsity of short text representations, making the previous clustering approaches still far from satisfactory. In this paper, we present a novel attentive representation learning model for shot text clustering, wherein cluster-level attention is proposed to capture the correlations between text representations and cluster representations. Relying on this, the representation learning and clustering for short texts are seamlessly integrated into a unified model. To further ensure robust model training for short texts, we apply adversarial training to the unsupervised clustering setting, by injecting perturbations into the cluster representations. The model parameters and perturbations are optimized alternately through a minimax game. Extensive experiments on four real-world short text datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model over several strong competitors, verifying that robust adversarial training yields substantial performance gains.


Electrochemical experimentation and modeling indicates that impurities degrade fuel cell performance by a variety of mechanisms. Electrokinetics may be inhibited by catalytic site poisoning from sulfur compounds and CO and by decreased local proton activity and mobility caused by the presence of foreign salt cations or ammonia. Cation impurity profiles vary with current density, valence and may change local conductivity and water concentrations in the ionomer. Nitrogen oxides and ammonia species may be electrochemically active under fuel cell operating conditions. The primary impurity removal mechanisms are electrooxidation and water fluxes through the fuel cell.


The classical uniformization theorem of Poincaré and Koebe states that any simply connected surface with a Riemannian metric is conformally diffeomorphic to the Riemann sphere, or the complex plane or the unit disk. Using the work by Gu-Luo-Sun-Wu [9] on discrete conformal geometry for polyhedral surfaces, we show that the uniformization maps for simply connected Riemann surfaces are computable.


Controllable magnetorheological (MR) fluid devices have reached the stage where they are in commercial production. Such devices are finding application in a variety of real world situations ranging...


The translation course consists of an introductory lecture followed by twelve hours of seminars held over one semester. It is complemented by a nine-hour course that presents an overview of the English legal system and some aspects of comparative law. Authentic English-language documents (contracts, guarantees, judgments, summonses etc.) are studied and subsequently used as models for translation into English.


Points out the video-based detection and tracking is the most advantageous method in intelligent transportation systems. Introduces and compares several of vehicle detection and tracking methods. The vehicle detection methods include background difference algorithm,frame difference algorithm and optical flow method. And the vehicle tracking methods include regional track, feature matching and Mean-Shift algorithm. At last, analyzes the characteristics of these algorithms, and discusses their development trend.


Background In Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the use of the psychoactive plant khat is widely seen as a social and health problem exclusively affecting the Somali immigrant population. Several projects by governmental and municipal bodies and agencies have been initiated to reduce khat use and abuse within this target population. Aim This article analyses the khat abuse discourse as it is presented in evaluation reports describing projects initiated by the social services to reduce khat abuse. Methods Six publicly available and formally evaluated khat projects conducted in the Scandinavian countries were found, and these evaluation reports were subjected to a Foucauldian discourse analysis. The "What's the problem represented to be?" approach was used to generate questions, which were then applied to the material. Results & CONCLUSIONS The problem of khat abuse is represented to be that it is the cause of unemployment, lack of integration and relationship issues among Somali immigrants. The analysis shows that the notion of cultural competence is used instrumentally to govern the target population and that the Somali immigrant group is exclusively targeted. This instrumental use of cultural competence partly places the onus on the "Somali community" itself to reduce khat use, which may engender stigmatisation of Somali immigrants in general. The author maintains that an overreliance on cultural explanations overlooks socioeconomic issues and that the focus should be on potentially problematic patterns of khat use rather than Somali immigrants in general.


A Gilbert mixer consists of two current-steering differential amplifiers and thus employing SiGe HBTs in the Gilbert mixer has the advantages of lower LO power and higher conversion gain. The block diagram and photo of the 2.4/5.7GHz dual-band dual-conversion downconverter using 0.35m SiGe hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology is shown in Fig. 1. This circuitry has a single-quadrature double-quadrature topology with active Gilbert mixers employed in both the firstand second-stage mixers. The dualconversion topology rejects the first image signal while the second image signal is filtered out by the polyphase complex filter. Here, a 2.4/5.7-GHz dual-band dual-conversion low-IF downconverter suitable for WLAN 802.11 a/g applications is demonstrated. The highly merged dual-band architecture with the signal at 2.4/5.7 GHz while the image is 5.7/2.4 GHz is achieved by setting the LO1 frequency at halfway between 2.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz [1].


In this paper, we introduce objects detection optical sensors (CCD sensor: Charge Coupled Device). For autonomous robot, the location of around-object is very important because robot should avoid it for driving. In the field of computer vision research, the various object detection methods have been used by research engineers. In particular, the combination of Haar-like feature and AdaBoost classifier is a popular method for object detection. It has been used for face detection, but performs well for other object detection too. So it has become the choice of many researchers in the intelligent autonomous robot field. It is prone, however, to yield many false-positive results and use excessive processing time. We propose a solution for overcoming this limitation. We begin by normalizing the image database to improve the accuracy of classification. And optimizing AdaBoost training allows us to get the short computing time and accurate detection. Our experiments prove the superiority of the proposed method.


The health assistance of people living in rural areas represents an issue of great relevance, because of the costs related to moving health operators, the time needed to reach remote sites, and the high number of people needing health care. At the same time, some assistance requests may be solved through a remote interaction with the patient, without the need of a medical examination. Starting from this considerations, our paper proposes a telecom solution, based on the interactive features of digital terrestrial television, that makes possible an easy (and low cost) audio and video connection between the patient and either an information server and a health care center. Due to the private nature of the information exchanged, a certified procedure is requested and implemented, through the use of smart cards. All these functions can be accomplished through a proper configuration of the receiver middleware, and a suited interactive application.


In recent years, a new design methodology is finding fertile ground in the building and plant engineering field: building information modeling (BIM). BIM is an innovative modeling method that proposes a substantial change in the entire workflow of a project aimed at the digitization of information processes and is supported by the transition from 2D to 3D design. The digital model, resulting from the BIM design, represents a valuable tool to support the management of the building, but at present, its potential is limited to the project phase of the lifecycle and not fully exploited. Complexity and technological innovation adopted in building technical systems, which are increasingly digitized, make supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems necessary. SCADA doesn't offer a graphic user interface (GUI) that is friendly and intuitive and that has a decisive impact on the final user experience.


The rain range experiment was conducted to test the adequacy of the assumptions usually made in the analysis of attenuation or phase shift due to rain: spherical drop shape, Mie scattering for a single drop, and single scattering theory for the coherent summation of the effects of each drop. A sprayer system was built that provided a stable drop size distribution that was measured and used for the estimation of the attenuation and phase shift on a line-of-sight measurement path through the spray. Measurements of attenuation and phase shift were made using vertical and horizontal polarization at 7.9 GHz and vertical polarization at 33.9 GHz. The results of the experiment show agreement between measurements and the theoretical model. The 7.9 GHz data also showed the attenuation and phase shift for horizontal polarization to be higher than for vertical polarization.


Broadcast news segmentation is a recognised important task in audiovisual archives retrieval systems. Though research is very active in the field, the problem has not been satisfactorily solved yet. This paper presents a promising novel methodology at segmenting news programmes based on a probabilistic approach, and innovative evaluation framework to assess the performance of the proposed techniques. Experimental results are very encouraging w.r.t. state of the art. Additionally the method has revealed very robust against the various editorial formats of news programmes.


The serological identity of group N streptococci was established by Shattock & Mattick (1943), who discovered that Streptococcus lactis and Str. cremoris had a common antigen, which differentiated them from the rest of the Lancefield groups of streptococci. Although phage typing of these organisms has met with some success (Nichols & Hoyle, 1949; Whitehead & Bush, 1957) attempts to type these organisms with rabbit antisera so far have failed (Briggs & Newland, 1953).


Fibrous dysplasia of bone is a developmental disorder of bone that can present in a monostotic or polyostotic form, the etiology remains unclear. According to read all the available literatures on the subject, this article will review the aetiology and pathogenesis of fibrous dysplasia of bone through gene mutation, interleukine-6 mediation, abormality of chromosomes and morphology, developmental dysfunction of bone, stem cell disease and other.


In this section, nurses who have worked in countries such as Tanzania, Sierra Leone and Nepal share their experiences and photos of nursing in environments vastly different to those they are used to.


The paper proposes a new approach to monitor operating states of electric power systems (EPS). Optimization of parameters of EPS control elements, including Smart grid elements, has been studied. The main features of influence zones of Smart grid elements have been described in the paper and an inventive approach has been proposed regarding the network clustering based on nodes cross-influence.


Popular methods of calculating the maximum value of surface temperature of frictioning bodies are presented and evaluated .A thermomechanical method of calculating the temperature of roughness contacts has been proposed.


Taurolidine is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and has been used to treat infectious diseases in clinics.In recent years,it is reported that Taurolidine has the anticancer activities. Although the mechanism has not completely known,the present research results show that Taurolidine's anti-tumor effects may be achieved by enhancing apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor adherence,down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels,and stimulating the immune system in response to surgically.


The principle of electromagic shielding materials and current situation were reviewed. The metal /fabric composite materials with good shielding effectiveness were expected to have a bright future in applied fields. At present, world level disparity is relatively great in the field of electromagnetic shielding material in our country .It is necessary to strengthen the research and development of the electromagnetic shielding material, which will improve the competitive power of products constantly.


A phase change memory includes word lines (WL ') which extend along one direction on a semiconductor substrate (100). Semiconductor structures (135a) having a low concentration are arranged on the word lines (WL '). Node electrodes (NE) are disposed on the semiconductor structures (135a) having a low concentration. Schottky diodes (SD) are provided between the semiconductor structures (135a) having a low concentration and the node electrode (NE) arranged. Phase change resistors (VR) are (NE) on the node electrodes.


The meta-data information acquired during the development of software component is very precious which has to be stored and reused for the forthcoming software projects. Effective & efficient storage and retrieval system of software components is much essential in components reuse process in the forthcoming software projects. This paper presents a meta-data model and Hadoop environment for software components reuse that considers semantic information based on ontologies and taxonomies'. The proposed model makes possible the recommendation of interrelated components, as ontology and taxonomies characteristics were incorporated in Hadoop environment. A proposed method helps the software developer for easy storage and retrieval of the needed software artifacts. The storage of software component is managed by the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and retrieval of the relevant software component is managed by the Map / Reduce concept. The ontology and meta-data helps to extract the knowledge from the legacy system and it helps in understanding the semantic meaning of the user requirements and reusable software component. The results show that the new software component reuse method can evidently improve the software component retrieval precision and take care of the fullscale of the searching results. Keywords-Software component reuse, Metadata repository, Ontology, Hadoop Distributed File System, Hadoop Environment


Background JAK1 LoF mutations were reported as a mechanism of resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma (n = 2) or mCRC (n = 1).1,2 Here, we report an exploratory analysis of CheckMate-142 (NCT02060188) investigating whether JAK1 LoF mutations were present in patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC who achieved clinical benefit with nivolumab + ipilimumab treatment. Methods Patients received nivolumab 3 mg/kg + ipilimumab 1 mg/kg Q3W × 4 doses and then nivolumab 3 mg/kg Q2W. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on pretreatment biopsies preserved in RNAlater and germline DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Single nucleotide variants and insertions/deletions were called by 2 variant callers in paired normal and tumor samples, and the union of mutations was included in the downstream analysis as previously described.3 Best overall response was assessed by investigators (RECIST v1.1). Results JAK1 LoF mutations were identified in 4 of 40 patients evaluated in this analysis. Of these 4 patients, 1 had an ongoing partial response of 9.7 months at data cutoff, and 3 had stable disease (Table); 2 patients with stable disease were still on treatment (12 and 17 months) at data cutoff, and 1 discontinued treatment after 2.9 months due to an unrelated adverse event and had not progressed after 10 months off treatment. Conclusions Clinical benefit was achieved with nivolumab + ipilimumab in patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC who harbored a JAK1 LoF mutation. Additional analyses are needed to assess the effect of concurrent JAK1 loss of heterozygosity and other genetic alterations in patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC. 1. Zaretsky JM et al. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:819-829. 2. Shin D et al. Cancer Discov. 2017;7:188-201. 3. Carbone DP et al. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:2415-2426. Citation Format: Scott Kopetz, Theirry Andre, Michael J. Overman, Vittorina Zagonel, Sara Lonardi, Massimo Aglietta, Fabio Gelsomino, Ray McDermott, Ka Yeung Mark Wong, Alain Hendlisz, Pilar Garcia Alfonso, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Alice Walsh, Rebecca A. Moss, Danielle Greenawalt, Z. Alexander Cao. Exploratory analysis of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in patients with DNA mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with nivolumab + ipilimumab in CheckMate-142 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2603.


Raman scattering can accurately identify molecules by their intrinsic vibrational frequencies, but its notoriously weak scattering efficiency for gases presents a major obstacle to its practical application in gas sensing and analysis. This work explores the use of high finesse (≈ 50 000) Fabry-Pérot microcavities as a means to enhance Raman scattering from gases. A recently demonstrated laser ablation method, which carves out a micromirror template on fused silica– either on a fiber tip or bulk substrates– was implemented, characterized, and optimized to fabricate concave micromirror templates ∼ 10 μm diameter and radius of curvature. The fabricated templates were coated with a high-reflectivity dielectric coating by ion-beam sputtering and were assembled into microcavities ∼ 10 μm long and with a mode volume ∼ 100 μm3. A novel gas sensing technique that we refer to as Purcell enhanced Raman scattering (PERS) was demonstrated using the assembled microcavities. PERS works by enhancing the pump laser's intensity through resonant recirculation at one longitudinal mode, while simultaneously, at a second mode at the Stokes frequency, the Purcell effect increases the rate of spontaneous Raman scattering by a change to the intra-cavity photon density of states. PERS was shown to enhance the rate of spontaneous Raman scattering by a factor of 107 compared to the same volume of sample gas in free space scattered into the same solid angle subtended by the cavity. PERS was also shown capable of resolving several Raman bands from different isotopes of CO2 gas for application to isotopic analysis. Finally, the use of the microcavity to enhance coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) from CO2 gas was demonstrated.


The (1, 3)-β-D-glucan (β-D-glucan) is one of the polysaccharides composing the fungal cell wall, and assays to detect serum β-D-glucan through specific enzyme activity have been widely used as a tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of invasive fungal infection.1 However, the usefulness of this assay is partly limited by its poor specificity owing to various factors.1,2 We experienced a patient showing a marked elevation of serum β-D-glucan after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which was found to be caused by daily oral intake of kelp, a widely consumed seaweed.

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Different kinds of paradoxicality and various interpretations of the foundation of logical paradoxes are considered in the article. The results of this research are important for clarification of logical foundations of formal realism as a new onto-epistemological conception in analytic philosophy and philosophy of science. Formal realism is built on the basis of criticism of relativistic ways of argumentation in ontology and epistemology. Relativism is estimated as contradictory. Relativistic argumentation in its consequences has a paradoxical situation in thought and language. However, the concept of paradoxicality demands more careful explanation because different kinds of paradoxicality and different interpretations of foundation of logical paradoxes are discovered in the tradition of analytic philosophy (the system of formal realism uses resources of analytic philosophy, first of all). Formal realism poses difficult onto-epistemological questions concerning existence of different kinds of essences and possibility of adequate knowledge of the essences without reply. It does not mean that the questions are estimated as unimportant. It rather means that answering the questions is put off. Formal realism gives a right to consider the matters to further concrete epistemological study. And the heuristic power of formal realism for ontology and epistemology consist in confrontation to antirealism. Formal realism, metaphorically, is research and clearing of space before construction works. It is decision on the foundations of rational philosophy. Formal realism does not reject situations of pluralism, conventions, and pragmatic actions in knowledge processes. Formal realism does not deny the difficulty of the task of attainment of the objective truth and the necessary knowledge. Formal realism simply opposes the most radical antirealist thesis. In accordance with the thesis we must reject the ideal of the objective truth as a regulative principle of knowledge at all. Formal realism asserts that refusal leads thought to a dead end.


The low temperature environment friendly poly-acrylate emulsion adhesive is prepared by seed emulsion polymerization method.It means that,with butyl acrylic(BA),ethylhexyl acrylate(EHA),styrene(St)as soft or hard monomer,acrylic acid(AA)as functional monomer,potassium persulfate as initiator,HA as crosslinking monomer,polyacrylate adhesive provided with excellent performance for pigment printing is synthesized.The effects of the hard monomer to soft monomer ratio,dosage of functional monomer,dosage of crosslinking monomer and chain transfer agent on the emulsion performance and pigment printing property are discussed.Finally,the optimum process condition of emulsion polymerization is confirmed as follows:the ratio of hard monomers to soft monomers is 1.218 8/1,the dosage of functional monomer is 1.8%,the dosage of crosslinking monomer is 2.6%,and chain transfer agent is 0.52%,dosage of adhesive is 30%,the curing time is 4 min.


Bragantia, Campinas, v. 78, n. 3, p.397-408, 2019 ABSTRACT: Rosehip, Rosa canina L. fruit, is valued for its flavor, taste, color and aroma, in accordance with its recognition as one of richest sources of pro-health compounds. Screening, preservation and propagation of the most valuable local populations of rosehip are performed for food, pharmacological, and cosmetic applications. Eleven native R. canina genotypes from the Interior Aegean region, Turkey, were collected and analyzed regarding organic acids, phenolic compounds, sugars, and DPPH scavenging activity within this study. Regarding biochemical profile of fruits, protocatechuic acid and quercitrin were the most dominant compounds among 12 identified phenolics. The dominant organic acids were malic and citric and fructose and glucose PLANT PROTECTION Article


The Arctic and the Antarctic Peninsula have been warming at a higher rate than any other region in the world with profound environmental, socioeconomic and political consequences. The prospects of ...


With onset of the computer and electronic revolution, with the expansion of the Internet the modern world culture is based not on the bookish, but on the screen form of the text existence. Heterogeneous texts have replace homogeneous texts. The most formed representatives of which are the movies and the television, that initiated the appearance of text with the unique structure, contaminating oral and written linguistic sense medium with the non-linguistic and which, having been digitized, are predominating in the Internet today. The spectator expects from these texts such stylistic features as authenticity and factual accuracy. These particular expectations are employed by the authors of such videos in order to manipulate the viewer and to create the impression, that the objects and phenomena on the screen possess the denotation in the real world, thus making the recipient believe into the modelled pattern of a real life and generating simulacra. This article is devoted to the analysis of peculiarities of the simulacra design in polycode-multimodal texts representing complex semiotic unity of verbal, iconic and acoustic components. Also it is examined how a real-life simulation is created in the case of three polycode-multimodal texts that describe the military actions in Syria. The analysis is carried out in the static and dynamic scope of the screen% at the visual (screenshots), verbal and acoustic levels. During the research lingual-semiotic peculiarities of the simulacra generation in the static scope of the screen are singled out and the instruments used to construct simulacra in the dynamic scope of the screen.


ABSTRACT
Multicellular organisms are inherently three-dimensional. This leads to complex intercellular interactions that cannot be reproduced in two-dimensional cell culture. Instead, three-dimensional spheroids, ball-shaped cell aggregates, arise as model systems. Spheroids provide an accurate in vitro representation of the three-dimensional organization of cells in tissues, and compared to a real tissue, they excel with well-defined experimental conditions, easy handling, and suitability for high-quality imaging. Therefore, spheroids are an experimental system that can be readily combined with mathematical modeling. This chapter shows how image-based systems biology is implemented for multicellular spheroids to study three-dimensional cell–cell interactions. The chapter is intended for experimentalists and theoreticians who plan to extend their research by linkage with other disciplines. The relevant concepts for experimental approaches and quantitative imaging are introduced and linked to mathematical models of spheroids. This results in a list of potential systems biology workflows for typical spheroid research areas in cell biology, cancer biology, and bioprinting. In all three areas, there is a large gap between the details of the mathematical models and the available imaging data. The aim of this chapter is to encourage more interactions of experimentalists and theoreticians to fill this gap in spheroid research.


The invention discloses a detection method and device based on distributed ISSU. The method includes the steps that when the ISSU is needed to be carried out on a fringe node, a first link detection message is sent to an auxiliary fringe node before ISSU is carried out, and a second link detection message is sent to auxiliary fringe node after ISSU is completed; when the auxiliary fringe node receives the first link detection message coming from the fringe node, if a third link detection message coming from the fringe node is not received within an appointed time, it is determined that a link does not break down; when the auxiliary fringe node receives the second link detection message coming from the fringe node, if the third link detection message coming from the fringe node is not received within the appointed time, it is determined that a link breaks down. By means of the embodiment, the auxiliary fringe node is prevented from obtaining error link detection results.


A infinite one-dimensional chain supramolecular comploud(C7H7N2)4(PMo12O40)·2H2O was synthesized by hydrothermal methods and structurally characterized by IR spectroscopy,TG-DTA,Elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The results indicate that the structural unit of the comploud consists of [PMo12O40]4-heteropolyoxoanion and [C6H7N2]+ cations.The supramolecular structure was formed via intermolecular hydrogen-bonding and π-π interaction between the different basic structural units.The compound crystallized in the triclinic,space group P-1,a =0.984 05(7) nm,α=0.704 94(5) °,b= 0.113 588(7) nm,β= 0.822 85(5) °,c= 0.138 561(10) nm,γ=0.711 61(6) °,V= 1.381 08(16) nm3,Z=1,Rgt(F)= 0.063 1,ωRref(F2)= 0.139 2.