Indirect emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) due to nitrogen (N) leaching and runoff from agricultural soils is a major source of atmospheric N2O. To evaluate the effect of agricultural land use in combination with soil type on indirect N2O emission through groundwater, we compared the indirect N2O emission between an upland field of Andosol and a paddy field of Fluvisol in a 1-year lysimeter experiment. We established a shallow groundwater table during the non-flooded fallow period in the Fluvisol paddy field to simulate moisture conditions in a lowland soil. Drainage was 795 mm yr−1 (median, n = 6) in the Andosol upland field, versus 1583 mm yr−1 in the Fluvisol paddy field due to flooding during part of the year. The total leached nitrate in the Andosol upland field (4.24 g N m−2 yr−1) was comparable to that in the Fluvisol paddy field (5.57 g N m−2 yr−1). The total indirect N2O emission in the Fluvisol paddy field (88.6 mg N m−2 yr−1) was 55 times that in the Andosol upland field (1.62 mg N m−2 yr−1). The daily indirect N2O emission during the flooded period (0.239 mg N m−2 d−1) was comparable to that in the non-flooded period (0.156 mg N m−2 d−1) in the Fluvisol paddy field. The decrease in dissolved N2O concentration due to the flooding was offset by the increase in the drainage volume. The groundwater emission factors (EF5g) were 0.0003 in the Andosol upland field and 0.0160 in the Fluvisol paddy field versus the IPCC default value of 0.0025. Although the lysimeters had some limitations to simulate actual field conditions, the results indicate that agricultural land use in combination with soil type can strongly affect indirect N2O emission through groundwater.


PACOVSKÝ, J: The infl uence of adhesive joint characteristics of the bonded samples of PUR-foam. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2011, LIX, No. 3, pp. 151–160 Upholstered chairs and upholstered furniture in general, is largely produced primarily using PURfoams, and it largely in the form of gluing several types of foam and himself on a fi rm surface usually plywood or the agglomerated material – for the qualitative increase of upholstered furniture (including seating). Work deals with properties of the bond in connection with the infl uence on the fi nal properties of the fi nished product, or even a change of functional properties in use over time. This work deals with: The infl uence of the characteristics of the adhesive used on samples bonded polyurethane foams. This work deals with properties of the bond in connection with an infl uence on the fi nal properties of the fi nished product, or changes in functional properties when used at the time. The work is focused on: Eff ect of glue applied to the characteristics of the bonded samples of PUR foam. To determine the eff ects observed were used as the basis for the methodology based on the standard EN 1957, which was further modifi ed as necessary. The results of the tests and conclusions can be stated that the incidence of bonded joints, ultimately, has a negligible eff ect on the resulting observed characteristics and therefore can cut and paste samples of smaller sizes into larger blocks without a fundamental change of the original features. bonded foam, PUR-foam PUR-foam, as inputs are well known in the production of upholstered furniture in general, as well as resting furniture, quite a long time and has undergone many developments. So far, no one did not look deeper bond properties in connection with an infl uence on the fi nal properties of the fi nal, or change in use of performance over time. The subject of the work was therefore to determine: • The infl uence of adhesive used on the characteristics of the bonded samples of PURfoam. 1 MATERIAL AND METHODS


Fifteen healthy piglets aged 28 to 30 day-old were divided into three groups at random(5 piglets per group),and were inoculated intramuscularly with mPCV2-C(ORF3 gene deleted mutational strain of PCV2),PCV2-CD(parent strain) and physiologic saline,respectively.By using the methods of PCR-RFLP and PCR,the DNA of mPCV2-C and PCV2-CD were found in the inguinal lymph nodes of slaughtered piglets from group A and B respectively,which proved that the mPCV2-C could replicate and proliferate in piglet body.Observation on histopathology showed that some pathological changes were found in the inguinal lymph nodes,liver cells and alveolar wall epithelium in slaughtered piglets of group A and B,in which that of group B was more serious,the results proved that the ORF3 gene deletion didn't change the tissue tropism of PCV2.The dynamic determination of T lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood showed that,compared with group C,the percent of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte subgroups of group A and B decreased,and the CD8+ cell of group A returned high above that values of group B and C,which indicated that ORF3 gene deletion weakened the influences of PCV2 on T lymphocyte subgroups,and mPCV2-C demonstrated the tendency to induce cellular immunologic response in piglets.The results mentioned above also indicated the decrease tendency of pathogenicity of the virus with ORF3 gene deletion.The dynamic determination of antibody against PCV2 proved that mPCV2-C induced the humoral immunity in piglets obviously,and had good immunogenicity.mPCV2-C is a candidate strain for gene deletion vaccine against PCV2.


Objective To assess the relationship of C-reactive protein(CRP) elevation with long-term outcomes and heart failure in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods CRP level was measured in 446 ACS patients on admission in emergency department.All-cause mortality and rate of rehospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and congestive heart failure(CHF) were obtained for up to 3 years' follow up.Results Patients with CRP level above cut-off had a higher rate for death and CHF readmission.After adjusting for troponin T level,high CRP level(7.44 mg/L) was still significantly associated with high risk for death and CHF.Conclusions ACS patients with early CRP level elevation have higher risk for death and heart failure.


Proton-Catalyzed Disulfide Exchange of S-Alkylthio Cysteine Derivatives

Although N-unprotected S-alkylthio cysteine derivatives are relatively stable in acid solutions, N-acylsubstituted and N-urethane protected S-alkylthio cysteines react easily by disulfide exchange. As a rule the frequently used tert.-butyloxycarbonyl amino protecting group, present in ethylthio cysteine derivatives can′t be removed selectively without disulfide cleavage, whilst the 2-(p-biphenylyl)isopropyloxycarbonyl and the 2-phenyl-isopropyloxycarbonyl amino protecting groups are removable without any structure change of the alkylthio thiol protecting groups. It is advisable to realize this acid demasking of the amino groups by means of weak deblocking reagents. Comperative experiments in acid solution prove S-tert.-butylthio group to be the most stable protecting function, whilst isopropylthio cysteine derivatives are more stable than the corresponding S-ethylthio compounds. All these results and experiments with addition of different thiols as well as u.v.-spectroscopic investigations indicate, that the observed acid catalyzed disulfide exchange proceeds via a carbonyl neighbouring group effect and formation of thiazolidinium and thiazolinium intermediates, respectively.


the task would be monumental. That is not the author's purpose. The book aims to stir the moral conscience by demonstrating society's failure to assist the disadvantaged. It is a noble and timehonored purpose, and one wishes it well. However, Seligman's passionate determination to be critical and indignant may sometimes hinder achievement of this purpose. He will bemoan the failure to act in the past and follow with criticism of action which is finally taken. Frequently, he will do so quickly, acidly, and by personal vignette or selected case rather than through calm appraisal. Says Seligman after recounting school problems: "Even when aid finally came, the lag was such as to do little good. Said one local editor: 'The (Education) Act is going to provide enough money for every superintendent to hire enough teacher aides to (supply) jobs for every cousin and political supporter that he hadn't been able to hire before"' (pp. 120-121). Such journalistic techniques can damn anything and are easily reversed to bear upon their user. At various points in Chapter 6, he points out that our poverty program has not transformed the basic ideological nature of society, neither has it upset the "power of the dominant majority." When there is evidence of the moral concern of those in power (which would seem to be the goal of the book), Seligman's reaction is cynicism. Rather than building a determination to gird for intelligent and humanitarian action, writing like this produces in the reader the characteristics of the poor as described by Seligman in his last paragraphs: despair, hopelessness, and failure. Kenneth 0. Alexander Professor of Economics Michigan Technological University


Abstract We have examined the bioaccumulation patterns and the ecophysiological responses (photosynthetic pigment and total antioxidative capacity) of Monochoria korsakowi exposed to various cadmium concentrations, one of major environmental pollutants. Cadmium ion contents in M. korsakowi increased significantly with higher cadmium concentration, and most of the accumulated cadmium was found in the root parts. Biomass of each part decreased with higher cadmium concentration. As cadmium treatment concentration was increased, chlorophyll a content was decreased, whereas chlorophyll b content was increased. However, the variations of total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were not evident. Total antioxidative capacity in the leaves of cadmium treated M. korsakowi increased greatly with higher cadmium concentration. We considered these results as indicative of the ability of M. Korsakowi plants to take up cadmium from wetlands.


Assess the effects of linezolid on hematologic outcomes in newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) following induction chemotherapy.


Objective:To describe clinical Characteristics and short-term outcomes of small group patients with SARS myocarditis and evaluate possible factor relevant to the injury Methods:Clinical observations and the routine laboratory tests were performed Results:Three among 77 patients with SARS (3 9%)presented myocardiac injury with a rise in myocardiac enzyme, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT)levels and TnT positive and nonspecific ST-T changes and ventricular premature beats on ECG and normal EF on echocardiography with complaining mild chest depression and palpitation, without acidosis,hypoxia and severe lobar pneumonia There were a correlation between GGT, LDH and aHBDH Conclusion:It is indicated that SARS virus could induce myocardiac injury,to cause myocarditis and increased oxidative stress could contribute to the myocardiac injury and anti-oxidation treatment might benefit to patients with SARS myocarditis The clinical manifestation of patients was mild and the short-term prognosis are better


After primary screening of genomic libraries prepared in \ , one is sometimes presented with a large number of potentially positive plaques. This can arise, for example, when (a) a heterologous probe is used to screen the bank under low stringency conditions; (b) when a long cDNA probe is used which interacts with a large genomic tract or (c) when mixed oligonucleotide probes are used. This can give rise to a complex secondary screening of these plaques. To circumvent this, we have developed a plaque dot assay described below which is rapid, simple and compact. Method: (i) Mix 0.1 ml (approximately 10 cell) of the competent bacteria with 3 ml of molten soft (0.7%) top agar and pour onto the LB agar plate. Allow it to solidify for about 10 min at room temperature; (ii) resuspend the putative positive plaque in 1 ml of h dilution buffer. Using a 1-5 ul pipette, spot on approximately 0.2 ul of phage suspension. Allow this minimum volume to dry into agar. (iii) Incubate at 37°C for 5 hr. This results in plaque dots of 2-3 mm in diameter. Fifty of such dots can be readily prepared on one plate. These are then transferred to nitrocellulose or nylon filters for subsequent analysis by appropriate probes. Sensitivity: (1) Up to 5 lifts to filters from a single plate of plaque dots have been made and successfully probed. (2) A positive plaque diluted 1/20 with other plaques can be detected in less than 48 hr by standard autoradiography. Comments on the method: (1) The 0.2 ul sample normally contains approximately 10-*-104 pfu. If the titre is higher, the plaques become very large with increased background. (2) If the competent cells are allowed to grow to give a lawn before adding the phages, the dots are less well developed. (3) The method works for Ml3 as well as }i phages. (4) It is quicker and more simple than DNA dot blots. Uses: To date we have used it to (a) screen cDNA probe selected plaques with different oligonucleotide probes, e.g. from the 5' and 3' of a gene, to direct our choice of plaques for detailed analysis; (b) as a preliminary to secondary screening when the primary screening was performed with probes for different genes; (c) to try different hybridization and washing stringencies on plaques selected by a heterologous probe; (d) to screen for different specific sequences subcloned into an M13 vector; (e) to rapidly reduce the number of putative positive plaques before looking for the isolated cloned sequence. Acknowledgements: The contribution of Emer Shivnan to this work is gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported by the Cancer Research Advancement Board of the Irish Cancer Society and by the EEC Biomolecular Engineering Programme.


Anonymity is increasingly important for network communications concerning about censorship and privacy. Early research on source anonymous communication protocols generally stems from mixnet and DC-net. They either cannot provide provable anonymity or suffer from transmission collision. To solve this problem, a k-anonymous protocol based on hierarchical ring structure and mix technique was proposed. This proposed protocol is collision free and provides provable k-anonymity for both the sender and the recipient. However, this protocol requires the trustworthiness of k honest nodes, therefore, anonymity is only conditional. Alternatively, in this paper, we propose a provably secure anonymous communication (PSAC) scheme without relying on any trusted third parties. While ensuring the message sender anonymity, it can also provide message content authenticity. The proposed PSAC scheme can prevent tracing the senders of messages and limits the disruption that can be caused by participants.


There are major environmental incompatibilities in Australian cities between space allocated to roadways and space allocated to dwellings, yet there is little data available as to where and how the dwellings are located with respect to the roadways. Characteristics of a random sample of 264 dwellings from Major Urban Centres throughout Australia are reported to fill a significant gap in the present knowledge of roads, the volume of traffic they carry, and their relationship to dwellings in urban areas. Fourteen per cent of Australian dwellings are located on a cul-de-sac and 76 per cent are located on streets with traffic flows of less than 2000 vehicles per day. However, 7 per cent of Australian dwellings directly front four-or six-lane roadways and nearly one-quarter are located on streets where amenity is likely to be reduced by road traffic. It was found that multiple dwelling units tend to be located on busier roadways, with the overall effect of exposing more people to adverse environmental conditions. Language: en


Using quantitative autoradiography, we have studied the seasonal changes of high affinity melatonin receptor density in both the SCN and PT of the hedgehog, a seasonal breeder and an hibernator. Animals in 3 different physiological states were studied: sexually active animals, and sexually inactive animals during the hibernation period, being then either euthermic or hypothermic. In sexually active animals, Bmaax were 75.8 ± 7.1 fmol/mg protein in PT and 9.1 ± 0.5 fmol/mg protein in SCN; and Kd values were: 94 ± 22 pM in the PT and 101 ± 15 pM in the SCN. This specific binding was strongly decreased in the PT of sexually inactive animals. Moreover, this decrease was significantly stronger in hypothermic than in euthermic hedgehogs. Saturation studies and Scatchard analysis revealed that the observed decrease in the PT resulted from change in the Bmax but not in the Kd, Bmax values being respectively 56.4 ± 5.9 and 29.5 ± 1.9 fmol/mg protein in euthermic and hypothermic sexually at rest animals. In none of the different physiological states, did the density of melatonin receptors of the SCN show any changes, Bmaax values being respectively 9.8 ± 0.5 and 9.8 ± 0.4 fmol/mg protein in euthermic and hypothermic sexually at rest animals. This shows for the first time a tissue‐specific regulation of melatonin receptor density occurring in the PT but not in the SCN. Furthermore, this decrease of binding in the PT is correlated with both sexual inactivity and hibernation period. This strongly suggests that the mediation of the photoperiodic effect on seasonal functions like seasonal hypothermia and reproduction involves an effect of melatonin on the PT rather than on the SCN.


The League Ethos Spirit is an example for contemporary League Members,and an efficient carrier of ideological and political education.Under new circumstances,,we should firmly hold the core connotation of League Ethos Spirit – caring about others,selfless dedication,aspiring to greatness,serving the country,must be firmly held,and by combining the ideological characteristics of contemporary students,materializing times characteristics and closely following times theme,continuously dig and explore the era connotation of the League Ethos Spirit.


We present an improvement to the snapshot imaging technique, FRAME, where the phase information is included in the illumination pattern estimation for image extraction. This can potentially improve the image storage capacity and resolution.


We mapped wintering areas and estimated the recovery rates of Brunnich's guillemots (thick-billed murres) ringed in Svalbard during 1954–98. Recoveries were reported from Iceland, Greenland, and Newfoundland. An intensive hunt occurs annually off Greenland and Newfoundland, and more than 95% of the recovered birds were reported as shot. Birds recovered as immatures differed from birds recovered as adults in their temporal and spatial distribution. Immatures were more exposed to hunting because they arrived at the hunting areas earlier in the autumn and formed a higher proportion of the population in hunting areas farthest away from Svalbard. The recovery rate of birds ringed in Svalbard as chicks was comparable to the recovery rate reported from Canada. Interestingly, no Svalbard birds have ever been recovered in the southern part of the Barents Sea or along the Norwegian coast, suggesting that these areas are not important to the Svalbard population. The distribution of winter recoveries of birds ringed in Svalbard was compared to the winter recovery areas of Brunnich's guillemots ringed elsewhere in the North Atlantic. Only birds ringed in Svalbard have been recovered in Iceland in winter.


(Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd. Kokubunji, Tokyo) (Received Dec. 7, 1960) Using an IMA (Ion Micro-probe Mass Analyzer) secondary ion emissions from, Ni, Mn, and Cu surfaces were measured and the influence of gas adsorption on the secondary ion yield was studied. Argon primary ion beam of 10 KeV was used. The relative secondary ion yields were found to be 1, 0.25, and 0.24 for Ni, Mn, and Cu, respectively. The presence of some adsorbates on metal surfaces affects on the work function of metals, and hence the secondary ion yield is considered to suffer the influence. The adsorbate layers are, however, removed by the bombardment of the primary ions. It was found that higher beam power is required to remove the adsorbate layer on Cu surface than to remove the layer on Ni surface.


Hierarchical mushroom-like cobalt materials were synthesized by galvanostatic electroplating. The morphology of the product, which can evolve from cone-like to mushroom-like nanostructures, is controllable by changing the deposition parameters. The nanostructure is a single hexagonal close-packed crystal with a preferential growth direction. The proposed growth mechanism is based on the metal ion deficient layer (MIDL) theory which explains both the time-dependent morphology evolution and the effects of the crystalline modifier C2H4(NH2)2. Depositions using several organic crystalline modifiers were compared; only C2H4(NH2)2 yielded the mushroom-like structure.


Dwi Prastya, 2018, NIT: 51145281 N, "Analysis Maneuvering of MV. Kartini
Baruna in Misty Weather ", Thesis Department Nautika, Diploma IV
Program, Polytechnic of Sailing Science Semarang. Lecture I: Capt. ALI
IMRAN RITONGA, M.M., M.Mar, Lecturer II: OKVITA WAHYUNI,
M.ST., MM.
Maneuver of a ship is an activity of mastering a ship either in a state of
silence or movement to achieve the safe and efficient destination. When carrying
out activities the weather conditions are unpredictable, whether the weather good
or bad. In this case, research on motion in foggy weather was carried out on MV.
Kartini Baruna.
Based on the background above, the writer formulated a number of issues,
the first is what are the constraints caused by foggy weather during the
implementation of shipbuilding and the second is what should be done to deal
with foggy weather. The purpose of the research is to find out what are the
obstacles caused by foggy weather during the implementation of the ship's motion
and provide solutions about the efforts that should be done to overcome the
obstacles that will be caused by the foggy weather. In this thesis, the research
method used in the delivery is a descriptive research metrode using several
aspects such as data collection, interviews and documentation. For data analysis
techniques the author uses the Fishbone method or bone diagram and the Fault
Tree Analysis method.
From the results of the study found several obstacles, including the damage
to the machine, the lack of skilled officers and lack of knowledge, fog which
caused limited visibility, and guard officers did not follow the rules. Based on the
results of the research, it is advisable that guard officers must follow existing
regulations such as fog signals or when visibility is limited, carry out a proper
look out by using facilities and infrastructure to the full. In addition, there must be
training about navigating so that the knowledge of a guard officer increases and
the skills of guard officers become better so as to avoid the danger of navigation.
Keywords: Maneuver, weather, fog


Laser plasma soft X_ray source is a kind of pulsed light source. There are several diagnostic methods for this kind of light source. This paper discusses a new and practical way to measure the spectrum of the laser plasma soft X_ray source. A low noise channel electron multiplier(CEM) is used for detecting nanosecond pulsed light signals generated by the laser plasma source, CEM's output signal is fed to a low_noise and fast responsive charge_sensitive preamplifier for further amplification.Output charges from the preamplifier are proportional to the peak of its input pulse. And the spectra from the laser plasma soft X_ray source with copper target and O 2,Kr gas target are measured in 8~30nm region, respectively by means of the above_mentioned way.


Abstract Background Perlodinella Klapálek, 1912 is a small stonefly genus in the Palearctic areas of China and its biodiversity is underestimated. New information This paper reports a new species of Perlodinella, Perlodinellashennongjia sp. nov. in the Dajiuhu National Wetland Park of Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei Province, central China. The description and illustrations of the new species are provided, based on male adults, female adults and eggs. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the characters of male and female genitalia and the egg structure.


ion. Judgment between these two positions can be made only on the basis of one's own standpoint, but it would certainly seem to those who profess faith in the living God of the Bible that Buber has constructed an idol, if not the work of his hands, that of his reason. 94 THE JOURNAL OF RELIGION


China Code of Criminal Procedure made in 2012 has established the illegal income confiscated procedures,which is of great significance to the crime of corruption. Based on practical considerations of contemporary Chinese anti-corruption in the judicial application,it should be clear that confiscation program is limited to the Penal Code Chapter VIII of corruption,bribery and other crimes as expressly provided in accordance with Chapter VIII of the relevant provisions of Chapter convicted and punished for major criminal cases; proof standards should be relaxed,the proposed implementation of "burden of proof"; referring to the legislation of "the United Nations Convention against Corruption"and the laws of the relevant countries,we should make full use of the program to recover the illegal proceeds transferred to the offshore assets involved in corruption.


Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to provide pain relief in painful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN). As the vasculature system plays a great role in the pathophysiology of PDPN, a potential beneficial side‐effect of SCS is peripheral vasodilation, with high frequency (HF) SCS in particular. We hypothesize that HF‐SCS (500 Hz), compared with conventional (CON) or low frequency (LF)‐SCS will result in increased alleviation of mechanical hypersensitivity in chronic experimental PDPN.


The present invention provides for the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer including abnormal expression of PBR. The method of the present invention is particularly useful for assessment of the severity of cancer, for example, the rate of the PBR expression and cell proliferation, metastasis, aggressiveness of tumor, malignancy-associated progression. Thus, the method of the present invention may be applied to determine the progression of the disease and may be made related to prognosis. Further, the method of the present invention may be applied to determine the success of certain therapeutic methods or to assess the efficacy of new therapies for some raised.


We developed an organic semiconductor based strain sensor sheet for an input system on flexible OLEDs. As resistors for strain gauges, we used a conductive polymer of poly (3, 4 - ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT):polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) which is useful for touch input devices. This is because PEDOT: PSS has the advantages of flexibility and transparency. The strain sensor array was fabricated with the Parylene peel-off process. The resistance change of the fabricated PEDOT-based sensor was measured on diverse radii of curved surfaces. Finally, we demonstrated the capability to accept input by touching the sensor sheet both on flat and curved surfaces.


The greatest burden of economic recession falls on the unemployed. Research in this area has resulted in a general consensus that the large majority of the unemployed are psychologically impaired. From the voluminous relevant literature, three conceptual issues are singled out for discussion: the research style—that is, the dominant questions investigated and the corresponding research procedures; explanations for the mental state of the unemployed and the role of theory; and the concept of mental health as involving more than the absence of mental illness.


The difference of the value of observables for the time-independent Schrodinger equation, with matrix valued potentials, and the values of observables for ab initio Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics, of the ground state, depends on the probability to be in excited states. We present a method to determine the probability to be in excited states from Landau-Zener like dynamic transition probabilities, based on Ehrenfest molecular dynamics and stability analysis of a perturbed eigenvalue problem. A perturbation pE , in the dynamic transition probability for a time-dependent Schrodinger WKB-transport equation, yields through resonances a larger probability of the orderO(p 1/2 E ) to be in an excited state for the time-independent Schrodinger equation, in the presence of crossing or nearly crossing electron potential surfaces. The stability analysis uses Egorov's theorem and shows that the approximation error for observables is O(M−γ/2 + p 1/2 E ) for large nuclei-electron mass ratio M , provided the molecular dynamics has an ergodic limit which can be approximated with time averages over the period T and convergence rate O(T−γ), for some γ > 0. Numerical simulations verify that the transition probability pE can be determined from Ehrenfest molecular dynamics simulations.


John Hick begins his essay on verification by agreeing that 'there are many different concepts of God'. Thus, at the outset of considering the problem of verifying any one concept, we are faced with a plurality. This complicates the question, since some concepts of God relate more easily to verification than do others. But Hick opts at the outset for a strong meaning for 'verification': the removal of ignorance or uncertainty concerning the truth of some proposition. Of course, we are faced with the question of whether 'dealing with God' really means dealing with propositions. All this aside, it is clear that some classical notions of God defy verification while others fit more easily.


This perspective addresses the role of human values in North American salmon management. Salmon resources have been aided and harmed by technology, and managers must carefully assess how current and future technologies will be used to manage salmon. Effective managers must be knowledgeable of fishery science and human values. The science in fishery management is the objective, logical, and systematic method of obtaining reliable knowledge about fishery resources. The art in fishery management involves our values, that is, what we judge to be good, desirable, and important in the long run. A rational management plan is a selective embodiment of the values of the manager or of the organization or society that the manager represents. More surveys are needed to assess the values of the public toward salmon resources. Several potentially desirable directions are discussed for future salmon management in the Pacific Northwest.


From the theoretical point of view,it analyzes the selecting and publishing principles for some of the major core journals in China.It is claimed that,besides the huge professional information that the core journals can provide,they have in common four basic characteristics,namely,professional,relative,changeable and lagging behind time.So,when making use of the core journals,it is required to distinguished between the high density and the high quality of information.Different core journal listings may be applicable in different fields,they should as well be selected concerning the versions and publishing times.If the condition is allowed,the different versions should combined together to make better use of them.


A greeting is a common polite behaviour that also helps to build a relationship. Knowing the difference between Chinese and western greetings will help communicate better with foreigners in the future, and help Chinese and western cultures communicate better with each other. This paper looks at the differences in greetings between Chinese and western cultures and societies and explains why these differences exist based on economy, culture, and society. Furthermore, this paper also suggests that to achieve a better expression result, it is important to pay attention to these differences in communication.


In this paper, we present the design and development of a configurable simulation environment based on object-oriented framework to examine, validate and experiment on various research issues in real-time databases. The proposed simulation environment is a cost-effective alternative to costly competing tools and helps to eliminate writing thousands of program statements otherwise required for specific simulation purpose. We identify a set of common principal components and their dynamics, which make up the configurable framework for simulator design. The custom specific functionality, if any, is built over the framework. The effectiveness of our framework is demonstrated with the help of an experimentation performed on Quality of Service issues in real-time database simulation. We intend to configure our framework to address other research issues in real-time databases like; admission control policies, concurrency control and commit protocol mechanisms.


As individuals' relationships with nature become more diverse, so do their conceptions of nature. In this study, the image of nature and derived feelings are defined as the conception of nature. This study aimed to identify the conceptions of nature held by individuals and their influence on environmental valuation. The number of respondents who imagined natural forests when they heard the word "nature" was the highest (58%), followed by those who imagined Satoyama (31%). The factor analysis extracted five feelings toward the image of nature: care, oneness, aversion, mystery, and restorativeness. These feelings differed depending on the image of nature conjured up by individuals. Respondents who imagined natural forests and Satoyama had a higher sense of care, causing higher willingness-to-pay for forest conservation. These results revealed that the image of nature differed from person to person, contrary to previous studies where nature was regarded as predominantly represented by vegetation. Feelings for the image of nature also differed. It can be concluded that an individuals' conception of nature influences their environmental valuation.


Because the Mexican government has encouraged investment in Mexico by increasing the percentage of ownership of a Mexican business that a US company can hold, joint ventures are more attractive now than they had been in the past. This study provides preliminary information for US renewable energy companies who are interested in forming a joint venture with a Mexican company. This report is not intended to be a complete reference but does identifies a number of important factors that should be observed when forming a Mexican joint venture: (1)Successful joint ventures achieve the goals of each partner. (2)It is essential that all parties agree to the allocation of responsibilities. (3)Put everything in writing. (4)Research in depth the country or countries in which you are considering doing business.


The notion of efficient market hasdominated the stage in finance. Over the years, academic scholars in finance and economics have strived to understudy the underlying conception of efficiency as it ascribed to capital markets. This topic has generated numerous opposing and opposite views and understandings with regard to efficient market hypothesis, some of the views rejected the underlying principles of EMH while others lent credence and support to it. However, a trace of the way in which the studies emerged in the last decade is of paramount importance.This study therefore stretches itself toscrutinize the increasing breadth of empirical works that boarder on the efficiency of markets, taking into consideration the underlying hypothesis. The resolve of the study is that ascertaining efficiency of market per time is cumbersome thereby raising thelikelihood that, because of vagaries in market environment, uncertainty surrounding economic settings, new modalities, theories and model as a frame work should be figured out so as to capture various emerging changes and challenges. To this end, more effort should be employed towards empirical studies to actually ascertain whether the efficiency of capital markets is informational driven.


This title researched the influence of different anionic nonionic surfactants and their synergistic effect on crease resistance and level dyeing property of cotton knits dyed with reactive dyes. The results show that mixed surfactants possess favorable smoothness, crease resistance, level dyeing property and anti chafe mark, especially preventing and removing scrimps of cotton knits dyed with reactive dyes.


The opinion paper on the provision of clinical pharmacist services for individuals with chronic hepatitis C viral infection recently published in Pharmacotherapy is timely and important for informing current pharmacy practice. The authors describe and provide evidence to support a number of existing and emerging roles for pharmacists delivering care to patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Among the roles listed by the authors is the potential for pharmacists to improve access to HCV screening through point of care testing in community pharmacies. Point of care testing for HCV may represent a unique opportunity to expand patient care services in community pharmacies and improve earlier detection of infected individuals as the authors suggest. 2 However, the ability to test and diagnose individuals with HCV infection in community pharmacies is accompanied by a significant number of important pharmacist responsibilities that require additional discussion. Aside from administering the test, interpreting test results, and counseling patients, pharmacists should develop services that link HCV-infected patients to providers who can deliver comprehensive HCV care. Recent evidence suggests that while the rates of HCV testing and diagnosis are poor, the ability to ensure that patients receive proper care following diagnosis is considerably worse. 4 As a result, linkage to care following diagnosis is emphasized in clinical practice guidelines and is a current goal of the U.S. Action Plan for the Prevention, Care, and Treatment of Viral Hepatitis. 6 Poor linkage to care may be due to a number of barriers that are encountered by HCV-infected patients, including active substance abuse and poor housing and social situations. Improving access to testing in pharmacies alone without implementing pharmacist services that address these barriers and successfully connect patients to HCV providers may limit the ability of HCV-infected patients to receive proper care.


Based on a typical case study, this thesis analyzed the economic value of city cultural heritage, the challenge it may face and negative effects it could have, then it discussed city government's role in the course of city conservation.


The Behavioral Theory of the Firm has had an enormous influence on organizational theory, strategic management, and neighboring fields of socio-scientific inquiry. Its central concepts have become ...


The suitability of three different types of extraction kinetic models (one- step, two –step and three – step models) for neem oil was investigated in this study. Solvent extraction using n-hexane at temperatures range between 303K and 323 K ; 360minutes of extraction time were experimented and the oil yield calculated. The three models were fitted to the experimental data obtained. The oil yield increased from 31.80 % to 41% at 303K and 323 K, respectively and the equilibrium was reached at 300 minutes. The saturation extraction capacity (C s ) increased from 35.0631 gL -1 to 42.9698 gL --1 303K and 323 K, respectively for one step model and the R 2 ranged between 0.9874 and 0.9998. The washing mass transfer coefficient (C e W ) of oil yields at equilibrium accounts for about 60% of the extraction in the two-step model and the R 2 ranged between 0.9840 and 0.9960. The first coefficient of diffusion (w e d1 ) in the three-step model had is higher value than the second (w e d2 ) and R 2 ranged between 0.9920 and 0.9980. The three-step model best fitted the experimental data. Keywords: Extraction, kinetic, equilibrium, diffusion, saturation.


Salt intake has been linked to changes in HSD2 expression in the medulla. Hypocretin (HCRT), neuropeptide FF(NPFF), and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have also been implicated in feeding behavior. Since DOCA/salt treated rats primarily exhibit elevated salt intake during the night, the present study aimed to evaluate circadian related changes in gene expression in the medulla associated with DOCA/salt treatment. Adult 12 wk old Sprague Dawley (SD) and SD DOCA/salt rats (n=3‐5/group) were sacrificed at 9pm (previously identified as peak active period) or 11am (peak inactive period), and the medulla was removed for RT‐PCR analysis of gene expression. In the SDs there was a strong trend (HSD2, NPFF) or a significant (HCRT‐receptor (R1), HCRT‐R2, BDNF) increase in gene expression when transitioning from inactive to active period (100% vs 150‐869%, respectively). Gene expression in the DOCA/salt animals was significantly elevated during the inactive period when compared to SD controls (194‐558%) but DOCA/salt treated rats showed no change in gene expression between the active and inactive period. As a result, gene expression in DOCA/salt rats did not differ significantly from SDs during the active period. These data suggest DOCA/salt treatment may be involved in the interruption of normal circadian rhythms of gene expression, especially with regard to ingestive behavior and salt appetite.


The main algorithms of two single-mode identification systems, based on face and fingerprint were introduced respectively. In fingerprint identification subsystem, the improved algorithm of OPTA (One-pass Thinning Algorithm) was applied to thinning binary image of the fingerprint image. Then, the feature images were matched by the Hough transform. And in the face identification subsystem, a method that a way of feature extraction based on 2D Gabor filter combined with the 3D face matching algorithm was applied. And then, one bimodal biometrics fusion system was proposed. The linear fusion approach of the matching fraction for each subsystem was applied in decision-making level. The experimental results demonstrate that the established system worked safely with low false acceptance rate (FAR) and acceptable false rejection rate (FRR).


1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States, 3 Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, 5 Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands


The indoor security problems such as fire, intruder, smog, etc., can be solved by development of a general type of security robot, which is characterized by mobile robot technology, security and information technology. In this paper, the establishment of approximate arc motion model and feature recognition technology more efficiently help the robot to learn the environment than single incremental motion model method. To make the robot acquire more security information in the indoor environment, multi-sensor unit and methods are designed. As the autonomous robot system, task/behaviour hybrid control architecture is proposed, which can handle multi-task operation from users. Finally, based on human-friendly communication idea, multi-channel HRI (Human-Robot Interaction) system is developed.


e13061Background: This study was aimed to determine the relative frequency, mean age and sex ratio of the four types of gastrointestinal cancers (GI) among 12,000 patients referred to two referral center of Oncology, during 1985-2012 in Mashhad, Iran Methods: This cross- sectional study was conducted in Mashhad, Iran. The data of 11471 patients with GI cancers were obtained.The duration of study was categorized into five periods: 1985-1990, 1991-1995, 1996-2000, and 2001-2005 and after 2006. GI cancers were studied include: esophageal, stomach, intestinal and colorectal. Results: Esophageal cancer (5,744 cases, relative frequency of 50.1%) was the most frequent cancer overall and in all intervals followed by stomach (30%), colorectal (18.4%) and intestinal (1.6%). Relative frequency of GI cancers had significant differences among five intervals (p < 0.001), the relative frequency of esophageal cancer was decreasing but in colorectal cancer was increasing during 3 decades. Mean age at the time of diagnosis...


The study investigates the synthesis of castor oil based alkyds by adopting a novel acylation route. Castor oil was allowed to react with anhydride to yield a secondary half ester, which upon further esterification with polyol and polyacids gave superior quality alkyd resins, which can find large applications in cost effective high performance industrial coatings. The molecular weights of the alkyds prepared by the acylation process, MG process and fatty acid process were recorded. Various anhydrides such as phthalic, tetrahydro phthalic and hexahydro phthalic were compared for the degree of acylation. The mechanical and chemical properties of the white enamel based on the alkyd resin prepared by the acylation technique was compared with that of alkyd resin based on the MG route and the fatty acid route having the same oil length, molecular weight and hydroxyl value.


This brief investigates the bipartite consensus problem for descriptor multi-agent systems under a communication graph with positive and negative weights links. Necessary and sufficient conditions are established for descriptor multi-agent systems to achieve admissible bipartite consensus, which are related to the interaction topology and the properties of each agent dynamics. To ensure admissible bipartite consensus and minimize a local performance index, an optimal distributed state feedback control is designed by adopting the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal technique. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is used extensively in the neonatal population. In adults, it is still considered an alternative mode of ventilation for cases of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). Reported complications with HFOV among adults include pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. Ventilator-associated necrotizing tracheobronchitis (VANTB) is a well-documented complication with HFOV in neonates. In adults, only 11 cases have been reported, 9 patients on high-frequency jet ventilation, and 2 patients on CMV. We report a case of VANTB in an adult on HFOV, discuss potential causes, and offer management options.


Most of the literature on image filtering using FPGAs focuses on the normal case when the window is completely within the image. The exception - when the window is partly off the edge of the image - is rarely considered. If not managed appropriately, handling these exceptions can take up more resources than the main operation. Efficient techniques are presented that manage the image borders by reusing the logic for the standard case. A technique is described for overlapping the priming and flushing phases at the end of row and end of frame that reduce the overhead in time critical applications.


This paper presents a numerical method for the calculation of the scattered field when a Gaussian beam meets a flat or slightly rough conducting surface at a grazing angle. When the beam is horizontally polarized, the surface acts like a perfect conductor whereas in the vertical polarization case the reflection coefficient depends heavily on the angle of incidence. In the first case we use the image medium method and in the second we introduce a modification in order to handle the changing reflection coefficient. The method is a solution to the parabolic approximation of the full wave equation and, in the case of the horizontal polarization, is tested against an integral equation solution to the full wave equation. The results of the two polarizations are compared for a flat and Pierson-Moscovicz sea surface.


Tech start-ups and their entrepreneurial ecosystems are assuming increasing global attention, particularly from policy makers and empirical researchers, alike. If entrepreneurial ecosystems have to be promoted for an accelerated birth and growth of tech start-ups, it is imperative to understand its structure, essential components and the gaps, if exist. Against this backdrop, this article attempts to ascertain the gap between an ideal ecosystem and the prevailing ecosystems and its causal factors, based on four-stage interactions with ecosystem stakeholders (by means of Delphi technique application) in Bangalore and Hyderabad, in India. The gap analysis is done by means of a hierarchical regression model for five different sets of components of the ecosystem structure, apart from a control (dummy) variable to distinguish Bangalore from Hyderabad. The hierarchical regression analysis substantiated the entrepreneurial ecosystem structure for tech start-ups proposed in terms of relative importance of various sets of components, and ascertained the factors responsible for the ecosystem gap.


The Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe is a biodiversity hotspot that forms part of the Eastern Afromontane region, which has seen an increase in human activities such as agriculture, illegal mining, and introduction of invasive species. These anthropogenic activities have had negative environmental consequences including land degradation and water pollution, which have negatively impacted on the quality of aquatic habitats and biodiversity in the region. The region harbours several freshwater species of conservation interest whose numbers and distribution are little known. We also do not know the impacts of the ongoing human activities and threats on the local wetland biodiversity and the integrity of the ecosystem in the region. The relevant data on the wetland biodiversity from previous studies and surveys is also not readiliy available to guide poliies and conservation efforts in this region. With the aid of the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) program sponsored by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and the European Union (EU), a project titled 'Freshwater Biodiversity of the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe: Assessing Conservation Priorities Using Primary Species-Occurrence Data' has mobilized and digitized over 2,000 occurrence records on freshwater biodiversity, with a focus on fish, invertebrates, amphibians and bird species in the region, since October 2017. The project ‡ © Mafuwe K. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. also makes use of biodiversity informatics tools such as ecological niche modelling, to identify the important sites for conservation of the freshwater biodiversity in this region. The outputs will help to show policy makers, wildlife managers, researchers and conservationists where to target resources and conservation efforts. This will also help protect the biodiversity that still existsin the unprotected wetlands of the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe and that could be lost to human activities such as clearing for agriculture.


How Lincoln Learned to Read by Daniel Wolff, an author of another nonfiction book 4th of July, Asbury Park: A History of the Promised Land (2006), is an engaging trip through the history of the educational system. The importance of context and culture in education is at the forefront as Wolff traces the birth of our current school system by documenting the educational experiences of those he refers to as "twelve great Americans." The book describes the lives and experiences of Benjamin Franklin, Abigail Adams, Andrew Jackson, Sojourner Truth, Abraham Lincoln, Thocmetony (Princess Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins), Henry Ford, W. E. B. Dubois, Helen Keller, Rachel Carson, John F. Kennedy, and Elvis Presley. Each of the people discussed came from a distinctive background, rich with opportunities from which they learned, and others can also learn from their backgrounds. What is most salient throughout these stories is the prevalence of what Frank Smith (1998) calls the classic model of learning. In the classic model, learning is a natural process that takes place through interaction with the environment and groups of people engaging in the material we are trying to learn. Learning is not always an intentional and difficult process and can take place by naturally soaking up information from our environment.


Previously, we have computed the induced-dipole-moment surface of collisional H{sub 2}-He complexes from first principles using highly correlated wave functions. These data were used to calculate the collision-induced absorption spectrum of the fundamental band (L. Frommhold and W. Meyer, Phys. Rev. A 35, 632 (1987)). The present study examines the dependence of radial induced-dipole transition moments and the associated spectra on the rotational states involved, a dependence that was suppressed in the previous study. Whereas the neglect of the rotational quantum numbers {ital j},{ital j}{prime} of the initial and final state of H{sub 2} is justified for the purely rototranslational spectra of H{sub 2}-He, we find significant variations with {ital j},{ital j}{prime} of the radial induced-dipole transition elements and the induced spectra for the fundamental band of H{sub 2}. Similar effects are expected for other molecular bands and systems of interest, especially those involving hydrogen molecules.


[1] The data processing of remote sensing measurements usually involves solving a nonlinear inverse problem. The error characterization is typically done by assuming linearity around the estimated likelihood point, and a covariance matrix approximating a Gaussian uncertainty is given. However, often the solutions are not Gaussian. We describe here a methodology for validating the traditional error characterization by applying the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. The validation methodology is applied to the inverse problems of the Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) stellar occultation instrument. The adaptive Metropolis algorithm that is used makes the implementation of the MCMC technique effortless. We demonstrate the approach by using real GOMOS data from two occultations, using a bright and a dim star. It is shown that the covariance matrices that are computed in the operational GOMOS data processing characterize well the error structure of the GOMOS measurements if we assume that noise is Gaussian and no prior information is used. However, we also observe that a significant improvement in retrieved parameters is achieved if a positivity prior is introduced. Such prior information can be correctly modeled with the MCMC technique. The sensitivity of the retrieval on the noise characterization is studied by comparing the results obtained with the operational algorithm with a more robust inversion based on l1 norm. At low altitudes a more robust inversion improves the results. In addition, we demonstrate how the MCMC technique can be used to study the modeling errors in the case of nonlinear problems.


A centralized optical beamforming scheme, only requiring less than half of the beamforming resources, is proposed for 5G millimeter-wave cloud radio access networks. Stochastic geometry-based coverage analysis shows that the proposed scheme achieves near-optimal performance. © 2020 The Author(s)


This paper reports the effect of suspended periodic defect structure in switching the frequency of ring resonator. It has been observed in simulations and experiments that this non-intrusive method can switch the frequency by 31 MHz for square lattice of suspended periodic defect and by 124 MHz for a triangular lattice of suspended periodic defect structure.


The islands Iturup and Urup of Kuril Archipelago have been understudied in respect of seagrasses. The research aimed to fill this gap. In 2019 during the expedition of the Russian Geographical Society a part of the coastline has been surveyed by walking, the beached remains of seagrasses and the seagrasses growing on the littoral have been registered. The length of the routes was 95 km. The possible sources of negative anthropogenic impact have been examined. Herbarium collections of several institutions (LE, LECB, MHA, MW, MWG, SAK, Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographical Institute of the RAS, the Herbarium of Kronotsky Nature Reserve) have been explored. Three species of seagrasses occur at Iturup and Urup: Zostera marina L., Zostera asiatica Miki, and Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino. The last two species are of particular interest as they are threatened and distributed over a relatively small area. Unlike the habitats of the main part of their range located at the coasts of Japan and Korea, the habitats of the studied islands do not suffer from anthropogenic pressure. The discovered northern refuge is significant for the seagrasses conservation. Current global warming and increasing anthropogenic pressure on the southern habitat would increase its significance. It is especially important for Phyllospadix iwatensis as it turned out to be rather numerous at the studied islands. The other two species occur in small numbers there.


This manuscript reports three experiments investigating the impact of television programming context on the processing of a fear-appeal message. This is done using a dual-motivation system theory conceptualizing emotion as arising from activation of the appetitive and/or aversive motivational systems. Results show that, as predicted, sad programming activates viewers' aversive motivational systems, whereas comedic programming activates their appetitive motivational systems. Furthermore, by activating these systems through programming context, we were able to predict both retrospective self-report and real-time physiological reactions to a persuasive message employing a fear-appeal strategy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as are suggestions for future experiments using the dual-motivation approach.


An unipolarity PWM signal was provided for integrated power module(IPM) based on DSP2812 with CPLD to drive voice coil motor of fast reflector of airborne platform.It's more convenient and accurate than traditional DSP the dead zone time of which was directly designed with register.Traditional power stage method mostly used dead zone of its own integrated module to control motor,and to set the DSP dead zone time in the register is complicated and difficult to obtain the whole microseconds.To use D flip-flop in CPLD can accurately get the whole microseconds dead zone time.Experiment results show that dead zone time of power drive PWM wave by this method is 5.8 μs with error of 0.2 μs to theoretical value 6 μs,and can fully meet engineering requirements.PWM with slight peak wave can improve the loading ability and increase the rapidity of driving.This method is successfully used in some project,and has good versatility and helps for obtaining PWM wave in DC regulating.


Grafts from donors with cardiac death (DCD) are subject to warm ischemia time (WIT) due to the no‐touch‐period (20 min in Italy and 5 min in France). These livers (LT) have higher rates of early allograft dysfunction (EAD), primary non‐function (PNF), and ischemic cholangiopathy (IC) compared to LT from brain dead donors (DBD). Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) is a beneficial strategy to mitigate organ damage; a further approach is the application of ex vivo hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) after cold storage (CS). We retrospectively analyzed LTs performed from 2016 to 2019 at three transplant centers using NRP‐DCD grafts: Bologna and Milan treated with HOPE (group A), Rennes preserved using CS (group B). No‐flow period, total and functional WIT were significantly higher in group A than in group B (30.5±7.7 vs. 20.5±4.1; 56.5±20.4 vs. 39.1±21.6; 41.9±12.5 vs. 25.5±3.7; respectively, P < .05), without differences in the postoperative course. In particular, the two groups had similar rates of EAD (21.1% vs. 25.0%), PNF (5.3% vs. 6.3%), IC (0% vs. 12.5%, P = .112), and non‐IC biliary complications (0% vs. 6.3%, P = .457), re‐LT (10.5% vs.12.5%). This occurred despite a high rate of UK DCD risk score > 10 (63.2% A vs. 17.6% B, P = .000), which theoretically would make a large number of these transplants "futile." In conclusion, Italian and French groups had similar post‐LT outcomes, probably related to the use of HOPE after CS in the case of long WIT.


Purpose – The paper seeks to extend co‐link analysis to web sites of heterogeneous companies belonging to different industries and countries, and to cluster companies by industries and compare results from different countries.Design/methodology/approach – Web sites of 255 companies that belong to five stock exchange indexes were included in the study. Data on co‐links pointing to these web sites were gathered using Yahoo!. Co‐link data were analyzed using multidimensional scaling (MDS) to generate MDS maps that would position companies based on their co‐link counts.Findings – Comparisons of results across different countries and economies showed the following overall pattern: companies whose businesses are information‐based tend to form well‐defined clusters, while companies operating on a more traditional business model tend not to form clear groups. A comparison between the EU zone and the USA suggests that the EU economy is not well integrated yet.Practical implications – The findings from the study su...


An ICP-AES method for determination of aluminum,chromium,iron,molybdenum and zirconium content in titanium alloys was established.Titanium alloy was dissolved with hydrochloric acid. The sample solution was detected by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with an internal standard for overcoming matrix interferences.The detect limits for aluminum,chromium,iron, molybdenum and zirconium were 0.040 mg/g,0.004 mg/g,0.005 mg/g,0.002 mg/g and 0.002 mg/g, respectively.Relative standard deviations of the test results were in the range of 0.47%~1.42%(n=6).


and asymptomatic tumors; however, they may occasionally grow rapidly. We describe a surgical case of a mature mediastinal teratoma showing rapid growth during pregnancy. A 27-year-old primi-gravida was admitted with an abnormal shadow identified on a chest radiograph. The chest radiograph revealed an anterior mediastinal mass. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a multilocular cystic lesion measuring 10 cm in diame-ter, extending to the right hemithorax. She reported chest pain, and examination revealed right jugular vein distention; thus, we clinically suspected a rapidly growing tumor. We performed a median sternotomy and tumor resection with partial resection of the upper lobe of the right lung and pericardium. Histopathological examination confirmed the diag-nosis of a mature teratoma without any immature or malignant component. The patient's postoperative course was un-remarkable, and she delivered a full-term neonate 25 weeks postoperatively. We report a rare case of a mature mediastinal teratoma showing rapid growth during pregnancy. Careful preoperative examination and a meticulously performed surgical procedure can ensure a safe operation even for pregnant women presenting with such conditions.


Object in this research is All employees of Bank Permata Cabang Bangkong Semarang, about 44 employeess. While some of the employer is use for the sample. Data analysis technique is using multiple linear regression.sample t, sample F and determination. The result of this research is there got positive effect and significant between compensation (X1) to job satisfaction (Y).  This is indicated by value of the regression coefficient of 0.470 and Calcuted value (6,611) >  table (1,684) and also sign (0,001) table (1,684) and also sign (0,007) table (1,684) and also sign (0,000) Table F (3,32) and sign (0,000) < sign a (0,05). Conclusion that we can take from this research is compensation, expertise and work environment directly have positive effects and significant to job satisfication. Compensation, expertise and work environment got positive effect and significant to job satisfication. Advice can be given by Bank is to increase salaries and incentive compensation as a promotion as a reward for employees are more motivated to do the work from company. Employees must be increased their knowledge or expertise about the things must to do or the target which based already in the set for customer are not reduced. Keyword : Compensation , expertise, work environment and employees's satisfaction


We have investigated the excitation of the As 3d core level of clean and Ge covered GaAs (110) surfaces into low lying conduction band states by observing core‐hole decay emission. The investigation was carried out by using synchrotron radiation to record photoemission spectra in the CIS and EDC modes. In contrast to the Ga 3d core excitation, the As 3d core excitation was found to be nonexcitonic in character. The CIS shows three structures at hυ = 43.0, 46.1, and 49.5 eV, which were strongly influenced by Ge‐chemisorption. With about a monolayer of Ge, the structures are reduced to a considerably larger degree than the photoemission structure associated with the Ga 3d exciton. The As 3d core level is excited into surface related p‐like states lying 2.6, 5.7, and 9.1 eV above the valence band maximum, ''followed'' by the radiationless Auger decay of the core holes. The inferred conduction band states are compared to recent band calculations and the state at 2.6 eV is assigned to the Ga‐dangling‐bond surf...


Purpose – In recent decades, there has been an increase of public awareness about environmental problems. A simultaneous effort to increase educational course offerings in this area has been made. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the first edition of the blended learning MSc in Environmental Citizenship and Participation that is offered by Universidade Aberta, Lisbon, Portugal. This is the first and only MSc offered in the distance learning mode in Portugal in this scientific area. The Master's programme includes environmental and social sciences contents. Also the programme includes tools and methodologies designed to help the students put into practice their expanded awareness, and knowledge within educational and public participation processes, within environment projects, programs or plans. Design/methodology/approach – Evaluation is performed with the students using three data sources: a questionnaire survey, personal interviews and assessment materials produced by the students. These data are designed to evaluate course performance in terms of: student motivation, student-content interaction, student-student interaction, student-teacher interaction, learning activities, type of evaluation, and student's environmental citizenship attitudes and behaviours. Findings – The qualitative analysis indicates a very high level of student motivation and satisfaction with the programme. The course contents, organisation and learning regime allow students to change their attitudes about environmental domains and to feel they will contribute to others change of attitudes and behaviours. Originality/value – E-learning brings new dimensions (to traditional education when it comes to adult learning) and increases the motivation to learn about environmental issues (if the e-learning for environment course allows for new ways of exploring and solving environmental problems in an interactive way). Moreover, it may increase the readiness to learn if the students are allowed to move into new social roles through the course.


ABSTRACT Previous research on differences in male and female leadership attribute consensus formation to female leadership styles. However, I argue that consensus in the context of chief justice leadership is more akin to male forms of leadership. Proceeding from Meier and O'Toole's theory of public management, I argue in this article that female chief justices should value consensus less than other duties and responsibilities. I test hypotheses using a survey of current and former state high court justices. The results show that female justices greatly devalue consensus and are more likely to place importance on interactions with state legislatures.


This short correspondence serves as en errata to our paper titled, "Achievable rate region under joint distributed beamforming and power allocation for two-way relay networks," published in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 4026-4037, Nov. 2012. We do not present any novelty in this errata.


This paper presents the problem of fault diagnosis in a three-tank hydraulic system. A mathematical model of the system is developed in order to apply two different observing algorithms. Unknown Input Observer (UIO) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) have been used to detect and isolate actuator and sensor faults. For Unknown Input Observer (UIO), residuals are calculated from the measured and estimated output according to the eigenvalues of the system after processed by Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI). Extended Kalman filter uses process and measurement noise variances for state estimation. Unknown Input Observer and Extended Kalman Filter's performance in fault estimation and isolation is evaluated under different scenarios. Using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), faults can be diagnosed effectively in the presence of noise, while Unknown Input Observer (UIO) is working better in the absence of noise, and simulation results illustrate that clearly.


Because of error of manufacture,every rotate part will bring vibration,so it will bring harm to the equipment.Most of measure system is low prevision,according to the and interference in the environment,complex system and the weak anti-interference chip.The Article introduce a new way to improve the capacity of anti-interference with high-integration and high performance processor chip C8051F020,to improve the prevision with the better calculate method which is called FFT.And the practice shows the improvement of anti-interference and prevision.


A computer program in language 'C' has been developed to scan the intermolecular contact distances in any known crystal structure. The program can be used with a PC/AT 386 system having a DOS operating system. It has also been tested using a workstation having the UNIX operating system. The program has been tested on a known crystal structure


The photoquenching reaction of [Pt 2 (pop) 4 ] 4− (pop 2- =pyrophosphite(2-)) with [Mo(CN) 8 ] 4− was studied in 0.01 M HCl or HClO 4 in the presence of various added electrolytes (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl, NH 4 Cl, (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NCl, and NaClO 4 ) at 25 o C. The cation effect was interpreted by considering a precursor ion triplet among two negatively charged reactants and a foreign cation. The role of the cation is to reduce the Coulombic barrier of the two reactants in order to form an encounter complex


Reciprocating engine is main vehicle vibration source.Designing a mounting system and a set of reasonable mounts with acceptable vibration-isolation performance becomes one of the most important tasks in vehicle.Based on visco-mount dynamic properties and its vibration-isolation characteristics,considering the frequency and amplitude-dependent characteristics of engine unbalanced excitations and uneven road surface excitations,the ideal frequency-and amplitude-dependent dynamic properties for mounts,and the vibration isolation optimization method based on the single fixed-point of the transmission ratio curves are discussed.A nonlinear lumped parameter model and an equivalent mechanical model for hydraulic-engine-mounts(HEMs) with inertia track is developed based on theory of engineering hydromechanics,in which the parameters are associated with the geometry of hydraulic mechanisms.The vibrationisolation optimization method based on the dual fixed-point are illuminated theoretically.


Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is characterized by the formation of neurofibromas, benign tumors of the peripheral nerve consisting essentially of Schwann cells, which can sometimes turn malignant to form neurofibrosarcomas. The mechanism of progression toward a malignant phenotype remains largely unknown. In this report, we show that platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) BB, and to a lesser extent fibroblast growth factor 2, are mitogenic for two neurofibrosarcoma‐derived Schwann cell lines, but not for a Schwann cell line derived from a schwannoma (from a non‐NF1 patient) or for transformed rat Schwann cells. Levels of expression of both PDGF receptor α and β are significantly increased in the two neurofibrosarcoma‐derived cell lines compared to the non‐NF1 Schwann cell lines. The level of tyrosyl‐phosphorylated PDGF receptor β is strongly increased upon stimulation by PDGF BB. In comparison, only modest levels of tyrosyl‐phosphorylated PDGF receptor α are observed, upon stimulation by PDGF AA or PDGF BB. Accordingly, PDGF AA is only a weak mitogen for the neurofibrosarcoma‐derived cells by comparison to PDGF BB. These results indicate that the mitogenic effect of PDGF BB for the neurofibrosarcoma‐derived Schwann cell lines is primarily transduced by PDGF receptor β. Neu differentiation factor β, a potent mitogen for normal Schwann cells, was unable to stimulate proliferation of the transformed Schwann cell lines, due to a dramatic down‐regulation of the erbB3 receptor. Therefore, aberrant expression of growth factor receptors by Schwann cells, such as the PDGF receptors, could represent an important step in the process leading to Schwann cell hyperplasia in NF1. J. Cell. Physiol. 177:334–342, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. The information in the article does not reflect government policy and no official endorsement should be inferred.


It has been shown that near surface residual stresses may be deduced form surface strains produced by making a cut of progressively increasing depth. The process of electric discharge wire machining (EDWM) greatly improves the ability of the method to resolve a stress gradient near the surface. However, the EDWM process may also introduce residual stresses


Various 3-pyridyland 4-pyridyl-coumarins are reported to possess diverse biological activities'-4 such as CNS depressant, fish toxicity and antifungal. In literature these compounds have been prepared by Pechmann or Perkin reaction and require either pyridoyl acetic acid/ester or pyridine acetic acid/ester as a condensing reagent. Although these methods are simple they do not provide substitution in pyridine part. Hence with a view to developing new methods which can provide substitution in pyridine part, earlier we had reported synthesis of some 3-(2pyridyl)coumarins in which the compounds were prepared by reacting 3-coumarinoyl methyl pyridium bromide with a , ~unsaturated ketones (chalcones) in the presence of ammonium acetate in acetic acid utilizing Kroehnke 's reaction. Now in the present work we report the synthesis of such 3-(2pyridyl)coumarins by interchanging the functionality of the reacting components. Thus various coumarin chalcones 3a-f have been reacted ~ith aroyl methyl pyridinium bromides 4a-d in the presence of ammonium acetate in acetic acid to gIve 3-(2pyridyl)coumarins 5a-x (Scheme I). The required coumarin chalcones 3a-f were prepared by the condensation of 3-acetylcoumarins la-c with aromatic aldehydes 2a-b in the presence of piperidine in ethanol. The coumarin chalcones 3a-f were then reacted with aroyl methyl pyridinium bromides 4a-d in the presence of ammonium acetate in acetic acid to afford 3-(2-pyridyl)coumarins 5a-x in + ®x, R, k-b la~ a : R,"'R,=H b : R, = Br, R., = H a: R,=CH., R, = H


In modern society, as the rapid development of IT technology combined with the computer-based high-speed communication networks makes it possible to provide a wide spectrum of services and devices, we have been confronting a new cultural transformation era, referred to as the information society. However, the requirements to be considered in security aspect have became more complicated and diversified, and there remains the same security weaknesses as in the existing media or protocol. Particularly, the office network device with roaming is susceptible to the different kinds of attacks such as terminal hacking, virus attacks, and information leakage because the computing capacity is relatively low and the loading of already developed security functions is difficult. Although developed as one solution to this problems, PKI security authentication technology isn't suitable for multi-domain environments providing uonments proffice network service, and so the development of a novel authentication system is needed. Therefore, in this paper researched the roaming and device authentication/auth for multitechnology using an ID-based public key, authorization ticket, and Sub-device ticket with a purpose to contribute to the development of the secured and efficient technology.


The stacking parameters, lattice constants, bond lengths, and bulk moduli of pyrophyllite and montmorillonites (MMTs), with alkali and alkali earth metal ions, are investigated using density functional theory with and without dispersion corrections. For pyrophyllite, it is found that the inclusion of the dispersion corrections significantly improves the agreement of the calculated values of the lattice parameters and bulk modulus with the experimental values. For the MMTs, the calculations predict that the interlayer spacing varies approximately linearly with the cation radius. The inclusion of dispersion corrections leads to sizable shifts of the interlayer spacings to shorter values. In Li-MMT, compaction of the interlayer distance triggers migration of the Li ion into the tetrahedral sheet and close coordination with basal oxygen atoms. Analysis of electron density distributions shows that the isomorphic octahedral Al(3+)/Mg(2+) substitution in MMT causes an increase of electron density on the basal oxygen atoms of the tetrahedral sheets.


By using inclinometer tubes and settlement plats,test project of soft clay base was designed and observation has been lasting more than two years in a more than one kilometer highway which was built on the YiLuo River alluvial flat soft day base in Henan province.As a result,more than twenty thousand data were obtained.By analyzing these data and the characteristic of alluvial flat soft clay,the methods that control embankment construction and precompression are brought forward.


The authors present a case study examining the potential for policies to be "evidence-based." To what extent is it possible to say that a decision to implement a complex social intervention is warranted on the basis of available empirical data? The case chosen is whether there is sufficient evidence to justify banning smoking in cars carrying children. The numerous assumptions underpinning such legislation are elicited, the weight and validity of evidence for each is appraised, and a mixed picture emerges. Certain propositions seem well supported; others are not yet proven and possibly unknowable. The authors argue that this is the standard predicament of evidence-based policy. Evidence does not come in finite chunks offering certainty and security to policy decisions. Rather, evidence-based policy is an accumulative process in which the data pursue but never quite capture unfolding policy problems. The whole point is the steady conversion of "unknowns" to "knowns."


This paper is concerned with the effect of nonuniform meshes on the accuracy of finite-difference calculations of fluid flow. In particular, when a simple shock propagates through a nonuniform mesh, one may fail to model the jump conditions across the shock even when the equations are differenced in manifestly conservative fashion. We develop an approximate dispersion analysis of the numerical equations and identify the source of the mesh dependency with the form of the artificial viscosity. We then derive an algebraic correction to the numerical equations - a scaling factor for the pressure gradient - to essentially eliminate the mesh dependency. We present several calculations to illustrate our theory. We conclude with an alternate interpretation of our results. 14 refs., 5 figs.


Seventeen species( totally 1615 street trees) were investigated in Fuzhou. The results showed that 16 species damaged hardscape seriously,except for Archontophoenix alexandrae. The levels of root damage of most investigated trees were in positive correlation with diameter at breast height( DBH). There were significant differences in the proportions of trees of different species,which caused hardscape damage.


Background: Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder which may be acute, sub acute andchronic in nature. Low back pain is expressed in 42% in adults. Low back pain occurrence is at an early ageand can cause disease progression. Low back pain is due to suboptimal breathing patterns and impairmentsof posture and trunk stability. Many muscles used for the postural control and respiration are same thatis diaphragm, transverses abdominis and muscles comprising the pelvic floor. The diaphragm is the keymuscle for the respiratory pump with attachment from the lower six ribs, xiphoid process of sternum andthe vertebral column. Diaphragm performs both postural and breathing function. Disruption in one functioncould negatively affect the other.Objectives: 1.To find the Effectiveness of 90/90 bridge with ball and balloon exercises and Interferentialtherapy for pain and disability in low back pain among young adults.2. To find the Effectiveness of Interferential therapy for disability and pain in low back pain among youngadults.3. To compare the effectiveness of 90/90 bridge with ball and balloon exercise and Interferential therapytogether and Interferential therapy alone for pain and disability in back pain among young adults.Study Design: A quasi experimental studyMethods: 18 adults who had mechanical low back pain were included in the study. Participants weredivided into 2 groups .Group A received 90/90 bridging with ball and balloon and interferential therapy andGroup B received interferential therapy alone. Exercises were given twice a day for 3 days for 4 weeks. Preand post exercise evaluation is taken by using numerical pain rating scale and Modified Oswestry disabilityindex scale Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent T test and paired T test.Result: In both the group there was improvement but there is a significant difference in 90/90 bridge withball and balloon exercise and interferential therapy than the IFT alone among the young adults with lowback pain.Conclusion: This study concludes that there is greater effect of 90/90 bridge with ball and balloon exerciseon patients with mechanical low back pain.


As part of urban public space, playgrounds are a children's play space that can improve children's sensory, communication, and physical abilities. Playgrounds must be able to create comfort and education for children to engage with nature. One of the approaches to achieve is by the vegetated setting. Tembalang is a subdistrict in Semarang, with children dominating 44% of the total population. Therefore, the playground's effectiveness in Tembalang was assessed based on comfort nature and connection with nature. Nine playgrounds are the object of this research. This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness level of the playground in Tembalang using the vegetated-setting approach. The research used a quantitative approach with Guttman-Scale scoring. This study's output assesses the level of effectiveness of the vegetated-setting playground through two aspects. The first aspect, comfort nature, which included in the effective level (71%) in the form of vegetation, protects children from heat and rain while playing, vegetation that provides shelter when children relax or gather under trees, vegetation can cause cold air and the condition of the grass field. It is comfortable to use and is not slippery. In comparison, the second aspect, the connection with nature, is included in the effective level (50%) in the form of plucked vegetation such as fruit or flowers, vegetation that can climb to train the child physically, vegetation that can bring animals to live in, such as birds or butterflies, and grass fields that children can use for running and physical activity.


The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the fact that the paper investigates the issues of Kazakhstani patriotic consciousness, which have not yet been studied in socio-political science. The paper is aimed at a detailed study of the nature and structure of the patriotic consciousness of the Kazakh population as a new type of patriotic consciousness. The leading methods to study this problem are modelling and analysis, which allow to comprehensively study and describe the components of the Kazakhstani patriotic consciousness as an object of study. Based on the research, it was concluded that the Kazakhstani patriotic consciousness is a complex managed system of ideas and views, traditions, and principles of behaviour, feelings and moods of the multinational multiconfessional people of Kazakhstan. The Kazakhstan patriotic consciousness is the result of the reflection in the consciousness of the population of a new type of Kazakhstan's national homeland, which is aimed at uniting and rallying all the peoples of Kazakhstan, the progress of a democratic society in Kazakhstan. At the same time, the paper focuses on discussion issues that relate to the problems of optimising the formation and education of the patriotic consciousness of the population of Kazakhstan, including the problems of constructing their theoretical framework – the theory of Kazakhstani patriotic consciousness. The practical significance of the results is reflected in the fact that this study can serve as the basis for further in-depth study of the dynamics of the Kazakhstani patriotic consciousness and national policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.


ABSTRACT The earliest tetrapodomorph fishes appear in Chinese deposits of Early Devonian age, and by the Middle Devonian they were widespread globally. Evidence for the earliest digitated tetrapods comes from largely uncontested Middle Devonian trackways and Late Devonian body fossils. The East Gondwana Provence (Australasia, Antarctica) fills vital gaps in the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of the tetrapods, with the Gondwanan clade Canowindididae exhibiting a high degree of endemism within the early part of the stem tetrapod radiation. New anatomical details of Koharalepis, from the Middle Devonian Aztec Siltstone of Antarctica, are elucidated from synchrotron scan data. These include the position of the orbit, the condition of the hyomandibular, the shape of the palate and arrangement of the vomerine fangs. Biogeographical and phylogenetic models of stem tetrapod origins and radiations are discussed.


We propose a new region-based CBIR (content-based image retrieval) system. One of the main objectives of our work is to reduce the semantic gap between the visual characteristics of the query and the high level semantic sought by the user. This is achieved by allowing the user to select specific regions and expressing his interest in a more accurate way. Moreover, the proposed approach overcomes the challenge of choosing suitable features to describe the image content. More specifically, relevance weights are automatically associated with each visual feature in order to better represent the visual content of the images. To evaluate these objectives, we compare the obtained results with those obtained using traditional CBIR systems.


Events and Activities to do within about an hour of campus What is There To Do Around Here? Most recent edition


Argonne National Laboratory has developed a methodology for remedial site investigation that has proven to be both technically superior to and more cost- and time-effective than traditional methods. This methodology is referred to as the Argonne Expedited Site Characterization (ESC). Quality is the driving force within the process. The Argonne ESC process is abbreviated only in time and cost and never in terms of quality. More usable data are produced with the Argonne ESC process than with traditional site characterization methods that are based on statistical-grid sampling and multiple monitoring wells. This paper given an overview of the Argonne ESC process and compares it with traditional methods for site characterization. Two examples of implementation of the Argonne ESC process are discussed to illustrate the effectiveness of the process in CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act) and RCRA (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) programs.


Several reports found a relationship between increased serum lead levels and the risk for essential tremor (ET), especially in carriers of the minor allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800435 in the aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) gene, which is involved in the synthesis of haem groups. Our group reported decreased risk for ET in carriers of the minor alleles of the rs2071746 and rs1051308 SNPs in the haem‐oxygenases 1 and 2 (HMOX1 and HMOX2), respectively, involved in haem metabolism. We analysed whether ALAD rs1800435 alone and their interactions with the four common SNPs in the HMOX1 and HMOX2 genes are associated with the risk for ET.


This paper addresses the following question: Can an airborne cloud of a chemical or other unwanted agent be neutralized effectively in an urban geometry by injecting a suitable reacting "remediant" into the cloud in sufficient amounts and at appropriate locations? The transport and dispersion of potentially dangerous, contaminants is controlled principally by the wind in an outdoor environment, its turbulent gusts, and how this complex airflow interacts with the geometry of the buildings and terrain. The possible effectiveness of reactive agent neutralization, or mitigation, is a complex matter involving chemical reaction of the agent and the remediant, progressive dilution of the two reactants, and fluid dynamic mixing of the reactants over time. Anyone contemplating in situ remediation needs to know where and when to deliver a remediant and what amounts are necessary.


The invention relates to a method for improving dry rubbing fastness of a smooth-haired slubbed product. The process flow of the method is as follows: getting grey cloth of the smooth-haired product, performing primary washing, milling, re-washing, dewatering, drying, decating, napping, shearing, performing wet brushing, drying, lustring, shearing, steaming and trimming, steaming and brushing, decating and getting a finished product, wherein the milling process conditions are as follows: auxiliary agents comprise 2% owf (on weight of fabric)-2.5% owf of Igephon T, 3% owf-3.5% owf of oleate soap and 0.8-1% owf of Invalon DAM dispersant; the milling time is 60-90min; and the milling temperature is 45-50 DEG C. The method mainly comprises the steps that the dispersant is added in the milling process to disperse dust and dye particles which are washed down so as to prevent the dust and the dye particles from being re-stained on fabric, enable the dust and the dye particles to be washed away in the subsequent washing process and further improve the dry rubbing fastness. According to the method, compared with normal products, the dry rubbing fastness of slubbing can be improved from level half to level1.


Psychological gender orientation (Bern, 1974) was examined to determine whether this orientation has demonstrable effects on perceived communicator style in an interpersonal context. No such effects were observed, although communication apprehension and shyness were found to predict perceived communicator style. Gender orientation was found to predict self-reported communicator style, but communication apprehension and shyness were found to remove virtually all of that predictive power when entered into the analysis. It is concluded that gender orientation probably should not receive primary attention from researchers in interpersonal communication. The Communicator Style Measure (CSM; Norton, 1978) is examined. It is recommended that interpersonal communication researchers avoid use of the CSM until such time as problems of reliability, response bias, and external validity are overcome.


In semi-arid regions of crystalline basement, most irrigation water come from small reservoirs which often dry up early. In this context, alluvial aquifer can provide water resources to support complementary dry-season irrigation. These small dams make a significant contribution to the recharge of these aquifers. The study case of the Kierma dam (Burkina Faso) contributes to a better knowledge of these alluvial aquifers and the mechanisms of their recharge.


The utility model discloses a dual purpose type air-conditioning and water heating apparatus which is added with a casing tube type water-cooling heat exchanger and an electromagnetic valve on the basis of the conventional air conditioning and refrigerating circulation to form a cooling medium system which utilizes a heat pump principle to prepare life hot water. Simultaneously, a volumetric water heater system is composed of the casing tube type water-cooling heat exchanger, a life hot water heating and circulating pump, a thermal insulating and pressure bearing water tank, a tap water inlet tube and a life hot water outlet tube, wherein the casing tube type water-cooling heat exchanger is completely immersed in the thermal insulating water tank which is filled with water. The utility model has the advantage of compact structure. The utility model can independently refrigerate or heat a substance and can also utilize the waste heat to generate the life hot water while refrigerating the substance. The utility model can also independently operate in a high efficiency mode to prepare the economical life hot water.


It was studied that the controlling browning effects of Vc,V_E,citric acid、malic acid and boric acid on the potato and lotus root in the processing. The method is designed with quadratic general rotated combination on the base of five factor and five levels in this paper. The results show:①the mixture which makes up of Vc,V_E,citric acid,malic acid and boric acid could effectively control the browning of these two vegetables in processing;②the effects of these compositions on browning control vary with vegetables types;③the optimum solution was obtained by calculating of the quadratic regression model.


Soil salinization has been a major progress of soil degradation due to environment evolution and anthropological activities.And therefore,it is of great significance to carry out timely detection of soil salinization,aiding the reclamation and prevention of saline soils.In this paper,a typical subregion of Yellow River Delta was studied for soil salt content(SSC) retrieval.For this purpose,generalized regression neural network(GRNN) were performed based on soil samplings and corresponding laboratory physico-chemical analysis.The model shows a good relationship between the measured and predicted SSC with determination coefficient(R2) of 0.855,and root mean square error(RMSE) of 0.119.Subsequently,the model was applied to ALI reflectance image to yield the SSC map.A comparison shows that GRNN-derived SSC is more likely to accord with ground observations.


Recruitment of monocytes is essential for effective control and clearance of invading pathogens by migrating to the sites of infection, but recruited monocytes also contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and cancer. Thus, understanding the mechanisms controlling monocytes migration within different environments is of paramount importance. Although it is clear that adhesion signaling via integrin receptors and the surrounding ECM play a significant role in regulating migration of monocytes to site of inflammation, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for these process is still not fully characterized. Defining the molecular circuits through which integrins regulate monocytes motility is therefore important for gaining a better understanding of monocytes function. Glia maturation factor gamma (GMFG), a novel ADF/cofilin superfamily protein that is predominantly expressed in inflammatory cells, has been implicated in regulating actin reorganization. We have previously demonstrated that GMFG plays a role in regulating neutrophil chemotaxis and migration. We now examine whether GMFG has similar effects on monocytes and the cellular mechanism for these effects by using small-interfering RNA to knockdown GMFG in human primary monocytes. Knockdown of endogenous GMFG results in significantly reduced (220.6 ± 9.4 to 89.0 ± 3.2, p Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.