In the process of getting-driving,the technology of coal mining geophysics can closely solve the problems of exceptional structure,hydrologic geology,gas geology and so on.And this is the particular advantage of it.Actually,the technology of coal mining geophysics is mostly applied in the condition of emergency,which leads to the whole technology effect not being fully showed out.The writer thinks that only we set out to creat the long-effect mechanism of geophysical technology and change the condition of emergency that are technology application and daily management,that can we make the application of geophysical technology be normalizd.This also could improve the application effect of geophysical technology and promote the technology of coal mine safety mining.


One of the advantages of writing is the possibility to "freeze" the orality, allowing to reflect on the language characteristics and to generate metalinguistic awareness. The Sign Languages used by the deaf miss a writing system, but several attempts exist for representing them graphically. Among these, SignWriting, which seems well suited for promoting metalinguistic thinking, thanks to its high readability.


This edition of Catheterization & Cardiovascular Interventions represents a first for our journal and the field of cardiovascular interventions. This edition, published in China in English, will allow Catheterization & Cardiovascular Interventions to reach a robust and growing interventional community. This effort builds upon the strong ties of the Society for Cardiovascular Interventions, Wiley Publishing and Chinese thought leaders, Professors Runlin Gao, Bo Xu and Shaoliang Chen who served as Guest Editors, this special issue features content that was identified from a large number of submissions. Dr Marvin Eng, Associate Editor for Catheterization & Cardiovascular Interventions, served as a special editor for this edition as well. The manuscripts that are included in this edition highlight the broad areas of contemporary scientific inquiry in the Chinese Interventional Community. Recognized as thought leaders in the treatment of coronary bifurcation disease, we learn more about the impact of periprocedural MI on mortality in in patients undergoing bifurcation therapy with DES as well as the impact of the bifurcation angle on outcomes. Data is presented to allow us to evaluate the outcomes of different stents, DES delivery systems and novel grooved stent designs from investigations in China. We also can review the patient characteristics from a core lab reviewing the initial Transcatheter Valve Replacement trial in China. I am excited about this opportunity for Catheterization & Cardiovascular Interventions to extend novel research, performed in China, with peer review from Chinese interventional cardiologists to be published in China. Expanding our knowledge of interventional procedures, techniques and outcomes will certainly incent and excite our interventional colleagues worldwide.


This paper proposes some principles of start-up education in accordance with the current situation of Vocational College Students,puts forward the paths of start-up education for Vocational College Students and discusses on the practice of the education.


Abstract:This article features an interview with Nonami Tsuna, author of the popular manga series, My Husband, Akira, Has Asperger's Syndrome (Akira-san wa asuperugā). The series highlights how a woman named Tsuna's mental health is negatively affected by her husband's Asperger's syndrome. This article introduces readers to a condition known as Cassandra syndrome and discusses how Nonami decided to illustrate it in her manga. Cassandra syndrome began to attract public attention in the 2010s, around the same time as Nonami's manga was published. My article sheds light on how social expectations of "self-sacrifice" on the part of wives, mothers, and daughters make them susceptible to Cassandra syndrome if they have a close relationship with someone who has Asperger's. Thanks in part to Nonami's series, an increasing number of manga about Asperger's have raised awareness of mental health conditions. Here, I use the word "tōjisha" to refer to people who have experienced mental disorders and similarly stigmatized psychological conditions and neurological disorders. I argue that an emerging group of graphic memoirs authored by tōjisha, which I call "tōjisha manga," deserves international scholarly attention.


According to the practical situation of municipal sewage treatment plants in southern China,operation with low influent concentration is studied.During operation,MLSS is adjusted as 2.5g/L and the operation model is continuous feeding and intermittent aeration(aeration for 3h and non-aeration for 5h).The bio-system achieves a steady operation and the effluent reaches the discharging standard.


We characterize the historic and future population immunity in three countries with IPV-only immunization schedules: the US,(15) Israel(4) and The Netherlands(15) and extend these models out through 2020. We updated some of the generic assumptions in these models for consistency with more recent applications.(4, 19, 20, 23, 24) These updates included changing to the 2012 revision of the United Nations World Population Prospects data,(32) decreasing the relative R0 for type 3 compared to types 1 and 2, and increasing the reversion time of OPV-viruses to evolve to fullyreverted vaccine-derived polioviruses.(23) The model simulates the complex dynamic process of individuals in different immunity states becoming infected and then clearing their infections. To simulate die-out in the deterministic model, transmission occurs in a (sub)population as long as the infectiousness-weighted prevalence of infectious individuals remains above a certain "transmission threshold" calibrated based on the experience with poliovirus die-out and cVDPV emergence in diverse situations.(4, 15) The model tracks infections and estimates cases based on assumed serotype-specific paralysis-to-infection ratios for first infections.(4, 15)


The utility model relates to a shuttle-type flowmeter which comprises a pipeline and a shuttle body. The shuttle body positions in the pipeline and comprises a front cone body, a middle straight segment body and a rear cone body. The shuttle-type flowmeter also comprises three supporting rods at least which position between the pipeline and the shuttle body and is connected with the middle straight-segment body of the shuttle body. Furthermore, the supporting rods are provided with a total pressure channel. A total pressure lead-out pipe which is connected with the total pressure channels of the supporting rods and comprises a total pressure hole is arranged on the front cone body and the middle straight-segment body, or the supporting rods are provided with three total pressure holes which are communicated with the total pressure channels at least. The wall of the pipeline is provided with one static pressure hole at least. The flow of the detecting pipeline has high accuracy and low pressure loss.


Analytical and experimental investigations were conducted to determine the internal flow characteristics in model passages representative of hypersonic inlets for use at Mach numbers to about 12. The passages were large enough to permit measurements to be made in both the core flow and boundary layers. The analytical techniques for designing the internal contours and predicting the internal flow-field development accounted for coupling between the boundary layers and inviscid flow fields by means of a displacement-thickness correction. Three large-scale inlet models, each having a different internal compression ratio, were designed to provide high internal performance with an approximately uniform static-pressure distribution at the throat station. The models were tested in the Ames 3.5-Foot Hypersonic Wind Tunnel at a nominal free-stream Mach number of 7.4 and a unit free-stream Reynolds number of 8.86 X one million per meter.


Male and female C57BL/Do mice were each given a single ip injection of /sup 237 + 239/Pu + /sup 241/Am as the citrate complex at 45 days of age. Twice-weekly ip injections of either 500 ..mu..mole/kg Ca-DTPA or 500 ..mu..mole/kg Ca-DTPA mixed just before injection with 2000 ..mu..mole/kg salicylic acid (SA) were begun 3 days after nuclide administration and continued for 5 weeks. Control mice were injected each time with isotonic saline. Nuclide retention was determined by in vivo ..gamma..-ray counting using a NaI(Tl) crystal spectrometer. At the end of treatment, total-body retention of Pu or Am in the mice given Ca-DTPA was significantly lower (P 0.70 for /sup 237/Pu and P > 0.20 for /sup 241/Am).


Background: As aging is a process that everyone must experience, life expectancy is getting longer and living standards are getting better. But aging can be successful or unsuccessful. Middle-aged adults experience an existential crisis of physical burdens and middle-aged crises, thereby changing the quality of life in old age. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting successful aging in middle-aged adults. Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study design was used to examine the association among middle-age crisis, perceived health status, self-esteem, social support and successful aging in late middle-aged adults. Results: Perceived health status and social support had a statistically significant effect on successful aging, and middle-aged crisis and self-esteem were not significant. The factors' determination value was 63.6%. Conclusions: The perceived health status and social support of middle-aged adults may help the successful aging of middle-aged adults. Therefore, it is necessary to develop education for health promoting activities and social support programs with various materials. Korean J Health Promot 2018;18(2):90-97


The boost inverter presents an interesting topology for solar photovoltaic (PV) applications as a single stage that provides regulated, boosted, and inverted output voltage from a nonlinear dc input. While the boost inverter has been previously addressed from design, implementation, and control perspectives, this paper analyzes its fault modes, failures, and reliability. The inverter is first experimentally tested to validate a simulation model used in the reliability analysis. The simulation model is then used to analyze the effect of various faults on the system performance. Results of this analysis yield a Markov reliability model from which the mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) of the inverter is found. Results show that the boost inverter can be a very reliable topology with low component count for PV applications.


The Hartree-Fock (HF) approximation with the charge-density-wave (CDW) instability is used to study the ground-state phase diagram of the spinless Falicov-Kimball model (FKM) extended by $f\text{\ensuremath{-}}f$ hopping in two and three dimensions. It is shown that the HF solutions with the CDW instability perfectly reproduce the two-dimensional intermediate-coupling phase diagram of the FKM model with $f\text{\ensuremath{-}}f$ hopping, which was recently calculated using the constrained path Monte Carlo (CPMC) method. Using this fact, we have extended our HF study on cases that have been not described by CPMC, namely, (i) the case of small values of $f$-electron hopping integrals, (ii) the case of weak Coulomb interactions, and (iii) the three-dimensional case. We have found that ferroelectricity remains robust with respect to the reducing strength of coupling ($f$-electron hopping) as well as with respect to the increasing dimension of the system.


Continuous water saturation in Hypogymnia physodes (L.) W. Wats. leads to an increase in the concentration of atranorin. This is taken as an indication that lichen substances are metabolic by-products. Different illumination and SO/sub 2/-fumigation had no significant influence on the content of atranorin. 12 references, 1 figure, 2 tables.


A growing elderly population, affected primarily by chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension, requires a different response from the health care system traditionally oriented toward the delivery of acute care services. It is time to shift to a delivery system oriented toward chronic illness management. With the right tools—evidence based decision support at the point of care, electronic clinical information available at all times to the health care team, support and education to facilitate self management for clients with chronic illness, and a health care system design and payment system to create and maintain these tools—it can be done. By applying evidence based standards of care within such a system, we should be able to provide effective health care for everyone who needs it, improve the general level of function of the population, and reduce or control cost at the same time.


The effect of careful logging to preserve advance growth was studied in mixedwood stands of the balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) - yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) eco-climatic domain in eastern Quebec, Canada. The study is based on 19 sites harvested five years earlier. In each cutover, 50 sample plots have been established to quantify the abundance of regeneration five years after logging. This cutting method proved to be ineffective in limiting the invasion of competiting species such as mountain maple (Acer spicatum Lam.) and pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica (L.), which fully occupied the sites with 25 092 and 5619 stems ha−1 respectively. Balsam fir was abundant after five years in the study area with 13 500 stems ha−1 but two thirds of the seedlings were smaller than 30 cm. Soil disturbance was minimal, probably limiting the establishment of yellow birch, which reached a density of 1416 stems ha−1 five years after logging. Height growth projection of regeneration over five years sho...


A stochastic cure simulation approach is developed to investigate the variability of the cure process during resin infusion related to thermal effects. Boundary condition uncertainty is quantified experimentally and appropriate stochastic processes are developed to represent the variability in tool/air temperature and surface heat transfer coefficient. The heat transfer coefficient presents a variation across different experiments of 12.3%, whilst the tool/air temperatures present a standard deviation over 1℃. The boundary condition variability is combined with an existing model of cure kinetics uncertainty and the full stochastic problem is addressed by coupling a cure model with Monte Carlo and the Probabilistic Collocation Method and applied to the case of thin carbon epoxy laminates. The overall variability in cure time reaches a coefficient of variation of about 22%, which is dominated by uncertainty in surface heat transfer and tool temperature; with ambient temperature and kinetics contributing variability in the order of 1%.


The bitter failure of the extreme right‐wing parties in the Israeli national elections of 1999 led many to believe in the decline of right‐wing extremism in Israeli politics. This article argues that the extreme right has not only not declined but has, in fact, expanded. This premise arises from broader definitions of right‐wing extremism, analysis of the Israeli extreme right and the implementation of a comparative perspective. Furthermore, the article seeks to explain the success and expansion of this political camp and thus offers a 'pyramid shaped' explanatory model. The factors introduced in the model start with the very basic foundations of the polity ‐ the political culture, proceeding to the social level, with discussion on the foundations of social cleavages. Towards the top of the pyramid, we address narrower factors ‐structural and political ‐ and at the summit are variables such as the party scene and finally party organization.


This year's workshop is special. First, Sighan organized the First Chinese Word Segmentation Bakeoff, and this workshop will include presentations from the participating sites and discussion about the bakeoff and further contests. Second, many of us have been affected one way or another by SARS in the past half year. It is important to keep carrying out our research while helping our countries and people to get through the tough time.


: Risk in software development process is an event that if allowed to occur can cause a major hazard in the development process and subsequently, deterioration in software quality. Risk reduction has been a major concern to software project stakeholders. A major way of preventing risks is to get the tasks and resource combination / allocation right from onset in software development. Otherwise, it could lead to major bottleneck; one that can either halt project temporarily, extending delivery date or cause a total stoppage of the project. To forestall such occurrence, this work looked into tasks and resources combination for software projects by remodeling the risk identification procedure of an existing risk model (the Riskit model)- introduced by Kontio and Basili. A typical project process to depict the risk identification procedure of the original riskit model was arranged, the risk identification stage was then redesigned and broken down into different parts; the total RAG time (RAG T ) was generated in the process. The main task-resource fuzzification then took place in Part C and project information update took place in Part D of the system. Pointer setting to risky task was estimated from the difficulty level of the task-hours (X t ) and the required resources (X h ) and categorized using trapezoidal membership function in fuzzy logic. The resulting system later named ERAM was compared with Brainstorming and Riskit Analysis Graph technique (BRAG) using runtime and task segments performed by both models. Applying the task –resource combination, the result showed that the original model BRAG took 88 minutes while ERAM generated a faster advisory output in 3 seconds with X t X h coordinate W between 0.9 -1.0. Again, the study revealed that time saving is not the only benefit if resource (X h ) and Task (or task hour (X t )) combination and categorization is properly done. BRAG yearly runtime estimate was 237 hours at overhead cost of ₦3,051,612 while ERAM was 2.6 hours at overhead cost of ₦37,078. The study concluded that ERAM is adequate in speedy classification of software project constituents, early risk identification, reduction in delivery time and cost. Therefore, it is recommended that software risks experts and project managers adopt ERAM to increase speed in risk identification, gain ample time for other project activities and reduced overhead cost .


Diabetes mellitus through its disturbed metabolism and hormonal imbalance has a profound effect upon the course of pregnancy. The deviations from normal pregnancy which are encountered most frequently include a high incidence of hydramnios, toxemia, congenital fetal abnormalities and perinatal death.' 2 It is well established that, when the disturbed metabolism is being controlled meticulously with insulin and diet, fetal mortality falls dramatically, though not to normal.' It is not known how a poor control of diabetes during pregnancy will produce harmful effects on host and fetus. Suggestions have been made relating it to imbalance of female sex hormone production and to increased adrenocortical activity accompanying the difficult glucose regulation during pregnancy. Venning and Browne' demonstrated increased urinary corticoid excretion in normal pregnancy. GemzelF and Robinson et al. found that the amount of 17hydroxycorticosteroids in the blood increased progressively during the course of pregnancy and fell to the normal levels a few weeks after delivery. Although few such studies have been performed in diabetic pregnancy, the figures by Gray indicate that a similar rise occurs in the urinary excretion of glucocorticoids during diabetic pregnancy, although it is not quantitatively different from excretion during nondiabetic pregnancy. The current literature also indicates an aggravating influence of pregnancy upon the manifestations of vascular disease in diabetes. Lawrence reported two cases of severe hemorrhagic retinopathy which first developed during pregnancy and reversed completely following delivery. Sherrill presented a case in which "myriads of round discrete aneurysms" suddenly appeared in the retinas of a pregnant diabetic and disappeared quickly after pregnancy was terminated and control of diabetes was established. Becker added two similar cases and one of very early retinopathy which advanced rapidly during pregnancy and regressed spontaneously to its original level following delivery. White also suggested that retinopathy may be aggravated during pregnancy.


Target recognition performance for an RCA Shottky barrier staring FLIR with and without target motion is presented together with various minimum resolvable temperature (MRT) measurements obtained using both a 4-bar and a modulation perception requirement, i.e. using the strict requirement to see the 4-bars in the MRT bar pattern and the less restrictive requirement to see some modulation in the displayed image. In addition, both recognition and MRT results for a hand-held thermal viewer having approximately the same limiting spatial frequency as the staring system are presented. The various results are compared and examined to determine if the two dimensional aliasing in staring systems significantly degrades recognition performance relative to conventional scanning systems with similar size detectors and to establish which MRT, vertical 4-bar or modulation, or horizontal 4-bar or modulation is the best predictor of recognition performance when used in conjunction with the Night Vision & Electro-Optics Laboratory (NV&EOL) static recognition model.


Technological processes at thermal power facilities - combined heat and power plants - are examined. The principle of operation of heat power facilities is considered on the example of the Voronezh TPP-1. The equipment is considered, with the help of the rational use of which the required level of ecological safety of the technogenic object can be achieved. Taking into account the peculiarities of the production processes at the Voronezh TPP-1, the most effective set of engineering, technical and environmental measures aimed at reducing the technogenic impact of the TPP on the surrounding city atmosphere is proposed


Objective:To evaluate the clinical application of 128-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of rib lesions.Methods:45 cases confirmed by surgery and pathology,or confirmed by clinical observe dynamic rib lesions for 128-slice spiral CT examination and post-processing reconstruction.Results:In 45 cases,32 cases of benign lesions,including 10 cases of bone island,9 cases of abnormal bone fibre hyperplasia,cartilage for 5 cases of benign tumors,4 cases of tuberculosis,4 cases of old fracture.13 cases of malignant lesions,including,8 cases of metastatic tumors,4 cases of myeloma,giant cell tumor 1 case. Conclusion:128-slice spiral CT scanning and post-processing technique (including VR and MPR,MIP,or CPR) can complete a rib lesions of small change,it has obvious application value in the diagnosis.


A 40 kV electron gun is designed and developed using the Pierce configuration for the focusing electrode. Simulations were carried out using CST Particle Studio. The Gun is a thermionic type electron gun with indirect heating of the LaB6 cathode. The gun is capable of delivering a beam current of more than 500 mA at 40 kV with a beam size of less than 5 mm. The cathode assembly consists of cups and heat shields made out of Tantalum and Rhenium sheets. The cathode assembly and the electron gun was fabricated, assembled and tested on test bench for cathode conditioning, HV conditioning and beam characterization. This paper presents the gun design, particle simulations study, testing of the gun on test bench.


We report first-principles total-energy calculations for the GaAs(001) surface. Our results indicate that the 2[times]4 reconstruction corresponds to the [beta]2(2[times]4) structure, which exhibits two As dimers in the top layer and a third As dimer in the third layer. This structure has a lower surface energy than the [beta](2[times]4) model, which has three As dimers in the top layer. We also find that a model recently proposed by Skala [ital et] [ital al]. [Phys. Rev. B [bold 48], 9138 (1993)] for the structure of the Ga-rich 4[times]2 phase is energetically unfavorable. From our results we conclude that electrostatic interactions between the charged building blocks of polar semiconductor surfaces play an important role in determining the equilibrium structure. We introduce a simple model for estimating these interactions.


The U.S. History Sector of the Institute of General History of the USSR Academy of Sciences has done work to determine the scope and character of studies of U.S. history conducted in the socialist countries. I direct the attention of the symposium to a brief informational and bibliographic survey of the literature published in the past ten years in Bulgaria, Hungary, the German Democratic Republic, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Cuba. The survey was based on the holdings of the most important Soviet libraries. Over 120 publications of significance have been discovered — books and scholarly articles on the history and domestic and foreign political problems of the USA. They comprise monographs, collective studies, essays, and works of popularized history. This survey, organized chronologically and by subject, includes the studies of the greatest interest. Inasmuch as there is a time limit on these remarks, each of the works named will be described in only the most general manner, and in s...


The invention provides a fiber grating demodulation system improving the spectrum resolution of a detector array. The demodulation system comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexing device, a Bragg fiber grating, a diaphragm, a slit, a collimating mirror, a light splitting grating, an imaging lens, a linear array detector, a piezoelectric execution element and a voltage control system, wherein the pumping source, the wavelength division multiplexing device and the Bragg fiber grating are connected in sequence, the wavelength division multiplexing device is simultaneously connected with the diaphragm, light emitted by the pumping source enters the Bragg fiber grating after the coupling of the wavelength division multiplexing device, a reflection spectrum of the Bragg fiber grating serves as injection light and enters the fiber grating demodulation system, and after the injection light passes through the slit, the injection light is reflected by the collimating mirror, the light splitting grating and the imaging lens in sequence and is finally gathered to the linear array detector. The slit or the linear array detector is capable of moving left and right along a long axis for a small distance, and the collimating mirror, the light splitting grating and the imaging lens are capable of rotating anticlockwise or clockwise by a small angle.


Local ecological knowledge of the nutrition of and the use of woody species by the Eurasian beaver ( Castor fiber ) was studied in three regions of the Carpathian Basin: Kászon Basin (Romania), Szigetköz and Mura River region (Hungary). Local understanding on alimentary habits, lifestyle and woody species usage were collected from 90 informants by structured interviews. In most cases locals possessed detailed knowledge on the issues studied. However, some data seemed to be unreli-able or incorrect. According to local people, beavers generally used the dominant tree species of a given region. These were Salix fragilis and Alnus incana in the Kászon region, while Salix alba and Populus spp. in Szigetköz and in the Mura River region. Several informants living along the Mura River mentioned beaver dams built from corn-stalks. Our findings showed that experiences and ob-servations of local people could improve scientific understanding of beaver behaviour. Furthermore, we argue that reciprocal knowledge exchange between local stakeholders and conservationists may help reduce human-beaver conflicts.


Two different types of semi-analytical models for outer rotor slotless Halbach array PMSMs with teeth for cooling channels are introduced. The first model considers the coils and the teeth for cooling channels as a continuous region while the second model define separate regions for the (virtual) slots and teeth. The accuracy and computational time with respect to a commercial Finite Element Method (FEM) package for the models are compared for static and transient analysis with a 14 pole fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) machine.


We investigated carbon substitution effect on boron plane of superconducting MgB$_2$. MgB$_2$ and MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$ samples are synthesized under high pressure furnace. MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$ are characterized as AlB$_2$-type single phase with smaller B-B distance. During the superconducting transition, two distinct onset temperatures are observed in MgB$_{1.8}$C$_{0.2}$.


Correlation functions give a lot of information for the description of wavefields and for characters of media. We study the influence of correlations on the form of statistics of the model under consideration. The main points of such influence are the relations between correlations and the number of degrees of freedom of the model. The presence of correlations means certain reducing of full number of degrees of freedom, the absence of any correlations means that the system is realized over max value of degrees of freedom. That statement permits us to take into account the possible significance of phase space dimension (PSD) D of the system (the number of degrees of freedom of the system) on the form of partition function. The presence of correlations leads to the reducing of PSD D, and hence D might be treated as one of the fluctuating parameters in the procedure of deriving Gibbs partition function. Thus we present the partition function, that describes probability of realization for different values of PSD D and hence gives certain descriptions of the correlated behavior of our system. Simple cases and relations with the problems of wave propagation in random media are discussed.


The literatures of Southern & Northern dynasties cited 22 out of 25 articles in Guwen Shanshu. It accounted for almost four fifths of the articles in Guwen Shanshu ,This paper is to explore this topic This thesis contains seven chapters: Chapter one is the introduction. Chapter two describes the source and spread of Shanshu. Chapter three to six are the main parts which discuss the content of " Guwen Shanshu" cited by Southern & Northern dynasties in essays. Chapter seven is the conclusion. By this research, I hope the phenomenon of citing the "Guwen Shanshu" greatly by Southern & Northern dynasties can bring more attention.


The Artistic Charm of Ruan Ji's poem of Intimation of his Sentiment has been traditionally analyzed from the point of view of analogy or the use of literary quotations. The present essay, however, puts forward the exclusivity of the use of image, which is very typical in Ruan's poems. Images in Intimation of his Sentiment have been roughly divided into six categories: images related with the Sun, bird images, plant images, road images, god images and figure images. Thus, a conclusion can be drawn accordingly that it is just the use of such images that accounts for the broad aesthetic potential and constitutes the true artistic charm of poems.


The Lonely Runner Conjecture was posed independently by Wills and Cusick and has many applications in different mathematical fields, such as diophantine approximation. This well-known conjecture states that for any set of runners running along the unit circle with constant different speeds and starting at the same point, there is a moment where all of them are far enough from the origin. We study the correlation among the time that runners spend close to the origin. By means of these correlations, we improve a result of Chen on the gap of loneliness and we extend an invisible runner result of Czerwinski and Grytczuk. In the last part, we introduce dynamic interval graphs to deal with a weak version of the conjecture thus providing some new results.


IN previous reports1 , 2 the high incidence of similar phage patterns of the antibiotic-resistant staphylococci that were isolated from lesions from various clinical sources within a large medical ...


Pollen morphology of 27 species,representing 15 families from the national natural reservation region of the Caizihu Lake,Anhui Province was examined under light microscope(LM),and their identification keys were represented. The main ecological factors of these plants include geographical position(30°43'—30°58'N,117°01'? ?17°09'E ),altitude (4—1 539 m),annual precipitation (1 326—1 368 mm) and annual accumulated temperature(5 100? ? 300 ℃ ,≥10 ℃)and habitat. The ecological significance of these pollen types were discussed based on the summary of parent plant environment from literatures and habitat observation. The present result shows close relationship with the main ecological factors of these flowering plant in May in the drainage area of the Caizihu Lake.


Laparoscopic procedures are becoming increasingly widespread as more and more surgical procedures are becoming amenable to laparoscopic repairs. As the spectrum of the procedures widens, so are the likely complications. It is imperative for the discerning anaesthesiologists to be vigilant for the possible complications related to this technique.


Traditional notions of measurement error typically rely on a strong mean-zero assumption on the expectation of the errors conditional on an unobservable "true score" (classical measurement error) or on the data themselves (Berkson measurement error). Weakly calibrated measurements for an unobservable true quantity are defined based on a weaker mean-zero assumption, giving rise to a measurement model of differential error. Applications show it retains many attractive features of estimation and inference when performing a naive data analysis (i.e. when performing an analysis on the error-prone measurements themselves), and other interesting properties not present in the classical or Berkson cases. Applied researchers concerned with measurement error should consider weakly calibrated errors and rely on the stronger formulations only when both a stronger model's assumptions are justifiable and would result in appreciable inferential gains.


The adsorption of Acid Blue 25, Basic Blue 69, Basic Orange 2, and Disperse Blue 7, on peat has been studied using a series of batch adsorption runs. A model has been developed based on external mass transfer and internal diffusion to explain the concentration decay curves. Two system variables, namely, adsorbate concentration and adsorbent concentration, have been studied. The paper presents a rapid analytical solution for predicting the concentration decay curve in batch adsorbers using peat as a cheap adsorbent to remove various classes of dyestuffs from aqueous solution.

The analytical solution depends on the assumption of a psdeudo-irreversible isotherm and that the internal diffusion process occurs via a pore diffusion mechanism. External mass transfer coefficients and internal diffusivities have been estimated for the various systems.

On a etudie l'adsorption sur la tourbe des colorants suivants: Acid Blue 25, Basic Blue 69, Basic Orange 2 et Disperse Blue 7, dans une serie d'operations d'adsorption discontinue. Pour expliquer les courbes de decroissance de la concentration, on a developpe un modele pour le transfert de masse externe et la diffusion interne. On a etudie deux variables, a savoir la concentration de l'adsorbat et celle de l'adsorbant. On presente une solution analytique rapide pour prevoir la courbe de decroissance de la concentration dans les adsorbeurs discontinus, en employant la tourbe comme un adsorbant peu coǔteux pour enlever differentes classes de colorants d'une solution aqueuse.

La solution analytique depend de l'hypothese d'une isotherme pseudo-irreversible et d'un processus de diffusion interne par diffusion dans les pores. On a evalue, pour les differents systemes, les coefficients de transfert de masse externe et les diffusivites internes.


The independent variables were Premorbid History (Poor, Good), Evaluation (Censure, Praise, Non-evaluation) and Information on how-to-improve (Presence or Absence). The two dependent variables were the differences in performance on equivalent forms on each of two cognitive tasks. Results, as obtained from analysis of variance of the difference scores on each task showed that, when information on how to improve was presented to a group of schizophrenic Ss, the poor premorbids, regardless of what type of evaluation they received, showed a significantly greater increment in performance than the good premorbids. When no information was given on how to improve, regardless of type of evaluation given, the poor premorbids showed a significantly greater deficit in their performance compared with the good premorbid group. Different explanations of schizophrenic deficit are discussed in evaluation of the findings.


A two-dimensional analytic model is developed to study drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) on the performance of indium phosphite (InP) MESFETs operating in or near subthreshold regime. This model discusses the electrical limitations for VLSI applications and the physical effects associating the short-channel MESFET operations. The obtained results are compared to those published for GaAs MESFETs. Discussions and comments are also provided.<<ETX>>


This paper is conducted to find out the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in the Malaysian banking industry. This paper uses SERVQUAL instrument questionnaire. The variables include in this paper are Service Quality as independent variable and Customer Satisfaction as dependent variable. The questionnaire includes 22 items of service expectations, 22 items of service performance perceptions, two different single items of service quality and customer satisfaction. A sample size of 200 respondents is conducted in Klang Valley Cities, Malaysia. A multivariate regression analysis is performed to study the impact of banking service quality on customer satisfaction in Malaysian banking industry. The results reveal that the expectations of Malaysian banks are higher than perceptions in terms of service quality. Their expectations are not met and that the largest gap is found in Reliability dimension. The findings from regression analysis suggest that banking service quality significantly influenced by customer satisfaction. In addition, the results from multiple regressions analysis show that the Tangible dimension has the largest influence on customer satisfaction. The findings provide several implications for bank managers and service organizations on the utilization of service quality evaluation to influence customer satisfaction. Also, limitations of the research are provided and the direction for future research is suggested for further study in the area of banking service quality and customer satisfaction. Implications of this paper are provided to both academic researchers and managerial practitioners.


Learning semantic similarity for units of language or concepts is crucial not only for numerous tasks in computational linguistics, but also for language understanding and reasoning in the broad context of artificial intelligence. With growing interests and efforts in modeling and computing semantic measures in recent years, we have witnessed much progress in the following two strands of research that approach semantic similarity: corpus-based statistical methods and knowledge-enhanced methods with human knowledge defined in ontologies. This book by Harispe, Ranwez, Janaqi, and Montmain provides a detailed introduction to state-of-the-art research in these two lines of work.


1. Waldman Professor and Chairman of the Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA 2. Professor of Dermatology and Therapeutics and Honorary Consultant Dermatologist at University of Manchester, Manchester, UK 3. Professor of Dermatology and Allergy at Christian-Albrechts-University and Vice-Head of Department of Dermatology at the University Hospital SchleswigHolstein, Kiel, Germany


Abstract A highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for determination of palladium by the new chromogenic reagent (BPT) has been developed. In the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTMAB), palladium reacts with BPT to form a stable yellow complex in HAc-NaAc buffer solution of pH 4.6-5.6 at 294.4 nm with a molar absorptivity of 2.46 x 105 l mol−1 cm−1. The method is simple, rapid and sensitive. Trace amounts of palladium in mineral and catalyst samples have been satisfactorily determined by the method.


This paper examines the existence of optimum government consumption in Kenya from 1960 to 2018. The study used Armey's idea of a quadratic curve that describes the level of government expenditure in an economy and the corresponding level of economic growth. The research also employed the use of time series data the period 1960-2018. The data for the variables were subjected to unit root tests using ADF test techniques and the results showed that each variable was stationary at order I(1), that is, upon first differencing. Since a polynomial of second degree is linear in parameters; the model therefore permitted the use of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation technique in this study. The result of the finding was that the growth maximizing government consumption expenditure in Kenya as a percent of the GDP was 47.52 percent. The coefficient of CEX was positive showing that increases in government consumption expenditure would increase the size of the gross domestic product up to a size of approximately 48 % of the Kenya's GDP. This study recommends strengthening austerity measures against government expense.


DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) regulates the topological state of DNA and is necessary for DNA replication, transcription, and chromosome segregation. Topo II has essential functions in cell proliferation and therefore is a critical target of anticancer drugs. In this study, using Phos-tag SDS-PAGE analysis in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), we identified casein kinase II (Cka1/CKII)–dependent phosphorylation at the C-terminal residues Ser1363 and Ser1364 in topo II. We found that this phosphorylation decreases the inhibitory effect of an anticancer catalytic inhibitor of topo II, ICRF-193, on mitosis. Consistent with the constitutive activity of Cka1/CKII, Ser1363 and Ser1364 phosphorylation of topo II was stably maintained throughout the cell cycle. We demonstrate that ICRF-193–induced chromosomal mis-segregation is further exacerbated in two temperature-sensitive mutants, cka1–372 and cka1/orb5-19, of the catalytic subunit of CKII or in the topo II nonphosphorylatable alanine double mutant top2-S1363A,S1364A but not in cells of the phosphomimetic glutamate double mutant top2-S1363E,S1364E. Our results suggest that Ser1363 and Ser1364 in topo II are targeted by Cka1/CKII kinase and that their phosphorylation facilitates topo II ATPase activity in the N-terminal region, which regulates protein turnover on chromosome DNA. Because CKII-mediated phosphorylation of the topo II C-terminal domain appears to be evolutionarily conserved, including in humans, we propose that attenuation of CKII-controlled topo II phosphorylation along with catalytic topo II inhibition may promote anticancer effects.


Natural fiber reinforced biodegradable resin are carbon neutral materials and anticipated for alternative materials of GFRP. In this study, fatigue property of unidirectional jute yarn reinforced ductile biodegradable resin, i.e. PBS, was investigated and compared with the results of jute/PLA composite. The uniaxial tensile fatigue tests were conducted under conditions that the maximum stress was set to 40%-90% of the tensile strength and the stress ratio was set to 0.1. As a result, their fatigue strengths decreased concomitantly with increasing number of cycles, but jute/PBS composite had higher fatigue strength than that of jute/PLA composite. Contrary to jute/PLA composite, no fatigue crack was found in jute/PBS composite. Therefore, fatigue strength of composite was improved by using PBS as ductile matrix.


BACKGROUND Drooling, or sialorrhea, is a common problem among patients with cerebral palsy. The prevalence ranges from 37% to 58%. Drooling occurs when an individual's ability to control and swallow oral secretions is limited. Common contributing factors include poor oropharyngeal coordination; dysphagia; poor posture or head position; dental abnormalities including malocclusion, nasal, or oropharyngeal obstruction; and gastroesophageal reflux. Patients may present with anterior drooling, posterior drooling, or both. Anterior drooling is defined as saliva spilled from the mouth that is clearly visible. This can have a significant medical and psychosocial impact on our patients and their families, including social rejection, damage to personal belongings, social isolation, frequent damp clothing, local skin irritation, and halitosis. Patients with posterior drooling, which occurs when saliva spills through the oropharynx and into the hypopharynx, can have serious medical consequences, including chronic aspiration leading to progressive lung disease. Multiple interventions aimed at reducing or eliminating drooling have been described. These include physical and behavioral therapies, oral appliances, medications, botulinum toxin injections, and surgery. To date, there has been no clear consensus on which treatments of drooling are the safest and most effective. The goal of this review is to determine the role of botulinum toxin injections in the management of pediatric sialorrhea.


We report the effective photoelectrochemical splitting of water by arrays of tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanotubes (NTs) synthesized by rapid, atmospheric flame vapor deposition. Sub-stoichiometric W18O49 (WO2.72) NTs were first synthesized by evaporating WOx vapor onto fluorinated tin oxide (F:SnO2) coated glass substrates in a flame. The flame vapor deposition method grows W18O49 NTs with typical axial growth rates of ~0.1μm/minute and diameters in the range of 100-200nm. The as-grown W18O49 NTs were further oxidized to WO3 at 550 °C for 2 hours in air before testing their light absorption properties and PEC water-splitting performance. These densely packed, vertically aligned arrays of WO3 NTs had an absorption edge at 460nm (Eg = 2.7 eV), similar to that of dense WO3 nanoparticle (NP) films. Moreover, WO3 NT and NP films of the same thickness showed similar levels of integrated light absorption in the wavelength range of 280-460nm. Despite the similarities in light absorption, the WO3 NT film outperformed the WO3 NP film in PEC watersplitting. Specifically, under simulated solar light illumination (AM 1.5G, 100 mW/cm), the NT array of 0.55μm thickness showed 47% higher photocurrent at 1V applied bias compared to a dense NP film of the same thickness, and a steeper onset of photocurrent with applied potential. The higher photocurrent observed for the NT film is mainly due to more efficient charge separation and transport processes in the NT structure. Critically, the maximum diffusion length for minority holes in WO3 is 500nm, which is larger than the radius of the WO3 NTs, so that holes can reach the electrolyte for water oxidation with reduced electron-hole recombination. Moreover, the large, accessible surface area of the NTs also facilitates efficient hole extraction to the electrolyte, which further reduces recombination near the solid/electrolyte surface. Finally, the NT geometry, unlike the NP film geometry, allows electrons to reach the current collector by vectorial transport, without hopping through interparticle grain boundary resistances that can also act as recombination centers.


We consider thin unstable premixed flames which are planar on average and evolve spontaneously from weak, random initial conditions. The underlying dynamics is chosen to follow a Michel-son-Sivashinsky equation, and attention is focused on the statistical properties of its solutions. Generalizing a suggestion of Blinnikov & Sasorov (Phys. Rev. E, 53, p. 4827, 1996) we propose an asymptotic law for the ensemble-averaged power density spectrum of wrinkling E(k,t) in the limit of long times and long waves, viz E(k,t) ˜ (Ω/a) F(lkl t SL)/k2+d, for fixed kt, where SL is the laminar burning speed, Ω and a are known functions of the burnt-to-unburnt density ratio, F(·) is a numerically-determined function, d + 1 = 2 or 3 is the dimension of the ambiant space through which propagation takes place; lkl is the current wavenumber of wrinkling. Our proposal and the above authors' are tested against extensive, high-accuracy integrations of the MS equation. These ssugest, after ensemble-averaging, a corrected law of the form lkl2+d E(k,t) ˜ (Ω/a)2F(lkl t SL)e−k/ k*+ t*/t (valid for any k); here k* and t* are constants and F(·) is the same as above. Our results also indicate that F(∞) ≠ 0. F(∞) ≠ 0 will ultimately lead to an increase in effective burning speed proportional to (Ω/a)2 F& lpar;∞) Log (t/t*), yet only for very long times; the latter are hardly accessible directly, due to round-off jitter. According to the aforementionned reference, F(∞) ≠ 0 and the logarithmic growth signal a gradual failure of the MS equation and a transition to fractalization, with an excess fractal dimension dp − d ≅ d(Ω/a)2 F(∞) for (he solutions to the coordinate-free generalization of the MS-equation; however the solutions to the MS equation are not themselves fractal over the time-wise domain when the latter is valid. The value of F(∞) we estimate is too low, however, to match what other numerical experiments gave : some important ingredient seems to be missing in the theoretical interpretations of the latter, e.g. explicit consideration of external forcing by numerical noise.


There are overall differences between the education policies and system between the Chinese and western education systems. These differences are brought up by the differences in government policies, the existing student's and orientation system, the country's population and school size, and community attitudes towards the country's education system. By contrast, the education policies in western cultures are designed to prepare students to be more successful people in society by gaining enough educational skills and developing a strong friendship. There are several ways in which the Chinese education system completely varies with the western education system. Western countries focus on adopting varieties of learning methods in achieving a democratic government. For the Chinese, there is the management of the massive population, which is managed by a different mode of government. This paper tries to explain the differences between drama education in China and the Western cultures.


PV is one of intermittent renewable sources, which are complicated to forecast its influence on the voltage of micro-grid system. The strategies of maintaining voltage stability of micro-grid with uncertain PV are studied in this paper. Randomize values based on real PV output and loads are used. The effects of both quantity and content of traditional or new micro-grid device on voltage stability are analysed. Other factors which can improve the performance like various algorithms and parameters are discussed in this paper. Energy saving issue is also included in the paper.


A computer program, based on Jennrich's computations for comparing two correlation matrices, is presented. The short program, written in APL, generates a x2 statistic that allows for assessment of equality between two independent correlation matrices.


Metallothionein (MT) and glutathione (GSH) have been implicated as two major copper‐binding agents involved in the hepatobiliary copper metabolism in the adult rat. This study was designed to explore their potential role in facilitating copper export from the copper‐laden hepatocyte of the newborn rat. Biliary and hepatic copper, GSH, and immunoreactive MT‐I concentrations were measured in Sprague‐Dawley rats at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks of age. Bile was collected by duct cannulation for 90 minutes before the rats were killed. Liver was removed, weighed, and freeze‐dried. The bile flow rate (BFR) doubled and the liver weight increased 14‐fold during maturation. Hepatic and biliary copper and MT‐I concentrations were significantly higher in the suckling than in the weanling. The total biliary output of copper per 24 hours was low at 1 week and increased significantly by 8 weeks of age. MT‐I‐bound copper represented a maximum of only 3.4% of biliary copper at 1 week and 0.5% at 8 weeks. GSH was not detected in bile until 2 weeks and then increased 15‐fold by 8 weeks, while hepatic GSH levels remained unchanged. Therefore, GSH levels did not correlate with the high biliary copper concentration at week 1, although there was a close correlation between the total daily biliary excretion of copper and GSH at 2 weeks and beyond. We conclude that the net biliary copper excretion per day is relatively low in the first week of life and is independent of MT and GSH secretion. It increases significantly once GSH is available in bile. We speculate that biliary copper excretion in the neonatal rat may involve copper binding agents as yet unidentified. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 21:1051–1057.)


Sixty percent of the software costs associated with the design, development and implementation of computer systems occur in the maintenance phase. Since change is intrinsic in software, a significant reduction in the maintenance costs can be realized by recognizing the evolutionary aspects of software and integrating a design for change philosophy into the engineering life cycle. By identifying the expected changes early in the definition phases, and by modularizing the system to efficiently support implementation of these changes, life-cycle maintenance costs can be reduced. The author provides an example of a design methodology, a specification process and a supporting documentation structure that provides more visibility to maintenance concerns.<<ETX>>


Assays to estimate the DNA methylaion in the Prader-Willi (PWS)/Angelman syndrome (AS) region on chromosome 15q are widely used and are recommended for the initial screening of individuals with suspected PWS and AS. (ASHG/ACMG Test and Technology Transfer Committee. A.J.H.G., 58:1085, 1996). The Southern blotting-based methylation tests currently used can identify 100% of the patients with PWS and about 75% of the patients with AS. Recently, a methylation specific PCR (mPCR) technique for PWS/AS diagnosis was developed in order to increase the rapidity of the test and to minimize the amount of the genomic DNA necessary for testing. (Kubota T. et al. Nature Genetics, 16:16, 1997).We have developed a PCR-based method to detect the DNA mehylation at the proximal 15q region, using restriction analysis after bisulfite treatment of total genomic DNA. Unlike the mPCR test, our method uses only one set of primers to amplify the two subpopulations of fragments from the methylated and non-methylated portion of the genomic DNA. We thus avoid the need to adjust the relative primer amounts required for the mPCR method and we have been able to overcome the potential problems that may occur while using the mPCR technique related to the non-specific inhibition of the PCR process. In addition our protocol, unlike the mPCR method, can be further developed to quantitatively assess the methylated versus non-methylated DNA ratios (Xiong Z. et al. Nucl.Ac.Res., 25:2532-2534, 1997). Such quantitative estimation may be used to detect mosaic PWS/AS patients, as well as patients with duplications of the proximal region of chromosome 15q.We are currently using this protocol to test control and proven PWS and AS specimens in order to establish the reliability of the method for clinical application.


Measures to reduce the risk of cancer are generally reserved for patients with extensive inflammation for more than 8–10 years, as the development of cancer earlier is extremely uncommon. Whether the same principles apply for patients with coexisting PSC, however, remains unclear. We wish to report a case in which a young patient with a short history of UC and advanced PSC developed widespread, high-grade colorectal dysplasia. The implications for cancer prevention strategies for patients with UC and PSC are also discussed. At the age of 16, this previously well female presented to her paediatrician with 3 months of bloody diarrhoea, abdominal pain and weight loss. Colonoscopy showed severe inflammation throughout the entire colon, and biopsies were diagnostic of UC. Initially, she was treated with oral prednisolone and sulphasalazine, but clinical response was poor and azathioprine was started. Over the next 2 years, her colitis remained refractory to steroids and azathioprine and she failed to achieve a complete remission. Repeat colonoscopies showed ongoing, severe pancolitis without histological evidence of dysplasia. During this time her liver function tests deteriorated and when aged 18, a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticogram (MRCP) was performed which revealed features suggestive of PSC without discrete strictures. The patient was admitted to our adult hospital at the age of 19 for further management. At this time, she described intractable diarrhoea, abdominal pain, difficulty maintaining weight and amenorrhoea. She was wasted and mildly jaundiced with ascites but no splenomegaly. A repeat MRCP demonstrated widespread intrahepatic PSC with a prominent left hepatic duct stricture. A liver biopsy confirmed cirrhosis. She was admitted to hospital for i.v. hydrocortisone but failed to improve and i.v. cyclosporin was commenced. Repeat colonoscopy showed severe mucosal inflammation with high-grade dysplasia on multiple biopsies, confirmed by three separate pathologists. She underwent subtotal colectomy with ileostomy, followed 2 months later by proctectomy with persistent highgrade dysplasia. An increased incidence of colorectal cancer in UC is well recognized, and the main determinants are extensive disease and long-standing duration. 1 Several studies now show that PSC represents an independent risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in UC, although it has been argued that this association may simply be due to the fact that patients with PSC generally have a longer duration of colitis. 8


Physical inactivity in older adults presents a significant problem within contemporary society. Governments around the world are recognising this importance and the large impact of physical inactivity on health and health-related expenditure, yet interventions promoting physical activity have typically produced only small or short‐lived behaviour change. Through three related studies, this thesis aims to develop a person-centred, multi-level physical activity intervention within a residential estate of older adults. The first study used qualitative methods to develop a person-centred understanding of the multi-level influencers of physical activity engagement within the targeted individuals. These findings were then applied within study 2, which implemented a 12-week physical activity intervention within the residential estate and used a mixed-methods approach to assess its implementation and explore personal experiences of the intervention strategies designed by the person-centred approach. The final study explored the transitions associated with older adults to develop an understanding of purpose, meaning and identity in later life, and how this can influence physical activity behaviour. The findings of the third study were presented within a composite vignette of the transition experiences of 4 older adults within the residential estate. The thesis presents an effective and appropriate strategy for developing person-centred, multi-level physical activity intervention for older adults. Contrary to the health-focused emphasis that is predominantly adopted by public health initiatives, the findings of this thesis highlight the importance of purpose, and related constructs such as meaning and identity for understanding and promoting physical activity behaviour in older adults. The findings suggest that future person-centred physical activity interventions for older adults should take into consideration the changes in sense of purpose as individuals become older and design intervention strategies to maximise a sense of purpose in life, and to provide more meaningful sources of physical activity.


A series of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) based polymers (MEH-OXD-PPVs) functionalized with Y-shaped double 1,3,4-oxadiazole-containing side chains were synthesized through a modified Gilch reaction. They are all soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, tetrahydronfuran and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. The chemical structures of MEH-OXD-PPVs were determined by 1H NMR, GPC and elemental analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that they have good thermal stability with the decomposition temperature ranging from 312 °C to 326 °C. The absorption and fluorescence emission maxima of the polymers exhibit an appreciable blue-shift with the increase of oxadiazole-containing moieties. Electrochemical investigation shows that the HOMO energy levels of the polymers vary regularly with the change of content of oxadiazole-containing moieties. Additionally, by introducing more OXD-PV unit during copolymerization, the PL quantum efficiencies of the polymers are significantly enhanced compared to that of MEH-PPV. The successful manipulation of optical and electronic properties of the MEH-OXD-PPVs indicates an effective concept for developing PPV-based functional materials with tunable optoelectronic properties by changing the amount of electron-withdrawing oxadiazole-containing moieties.


Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most common nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit,which can increase the length of stay,hospital costs and rate of mortality.The present review focuses on the analysis of the incidence,microbiology,diagnosis and interventions of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Key words:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Epidemiology; Diagnosis; Management


The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is an important agricultural and industrial region in China, yet its water resources have been increasingly affected by shortages and pollution due to human activities and the impact of climate change. This has resulted in severe damage to the water ecosystem in the YRD, thereby necessitating the adoption of effective legal measures to safeguard these resources. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent research findings on water resources and water ecology in the YRD. Specifically, it summarizes the changes and characteristics of the geographical distribution, quantity and quality of water resources in the region and analyzes the effects of climate change, economic development and population growth on water resources. In light of the vulnerability and risks to the water resources and ecosystems in this area, this paper evaluates the impact of human activities on regional water security and proposes strategies for the sustainable utilization of water resources and the protection of public health. The insights and measures presented in this paper provide valuable guidance and references for water resource management and environmental protection in the YRD.


The offspring of pregnant female rats treated with 375 or 500 mg/kg hydroxyurea (HU) on day 12 of gestation were tested for exploratory activity and maze-learning ability beginning at 30 days of age. Experimental subjects were retarded in growth and had locomotor abnormalities, tail defects not noted at birth, and impaired maze learning. Thus, HU at doses that produce only minor malformations in 20-day fetuses alters the postnatal functional capacity of rats treated prenatally.


Large galvanic currents occurring in a weld between the parent metal, weld metal and heat affected zone can sometimes lead to serious localised corrosion. In practice, the galvanic currents are generally controlled by the addition of a corrosion inhibitor and by ensuring that the composition of the weld metal is selected to make it slightly more noble than the parent material. However, it has been shown that in some circumstances, a current reversal takes place which results in the weld metal becoming more active than the parent metal and severe attack of the weld occurs. The corrosion inhibitor appears to have a role in this current reversal. It has been proposed that the inhibitor may be selectively removed from the weld metal at the high flow rate but this needs further investigation. The aim of the research described in this paper is to study the effect of flow rate on preferential weld corrosion in X65 pipeline steel by investigating the hydrodynamic conditions under which current reversal takes place. A submerged jet-impingement flow loop was used to investigate the corrosion behaviour of the steel in stagnant and flowing brine, saturated with CO2 at 1 bar. The galvanic currents between the weldment samples in each hydrodynamic region were recorded simultaneously using zero-resistance ammeters and analysed to investigate the impact of galvanic effects on the overall corrosion rate.


ABSTRACT Students in an introductory physical geology course often have difficulty making connections between basic course topics and assembling key concepts (beyond textbook examples) to interpret how geologic processes shape the characteristics of the local and regional natural environment. As an approach to address these issues, we designed and implemented a semester-long place-based group project, which used satellite imagery and Google Earth as a means to improve both students' conceptual knowledge of geological concepts and their understanding of geological processes. The project provided the underlying framework for both lecture and laboratory activities and was designed to reiterate and strengthen the connections across topics. Findings suggest that when given the opportunity and tools to develop a sense of place in the local and regional environment, students improve their conceptual knowledge and ability to apply critical thinking skills. Consequently, student learning becomes more meaningful and relevant to their everyday experiences.


AIMS
To determine how often goals of care (GOC) are being discussed with older patients in the emergency department (ED).

METHODS
This clinical audit included 300 presentations of patients aged 80 years and over in the Wellington ED. The timeframe was from 1 July to 17 July 2021. Electronic records were interrogated for GOC discussions.

RESULTS
Most older patients (62%) did not have a GOC discussion in the ED. Of patients over the age of 80 who had a GOC discussion in the emergency department, only 14% of those discussions were initiated by ED clinicians.

CONCLUSIONS
There are no current standards for GOC within the ED and this should be established for further research. Protocols and education regarding facilitating GOC discussions in the ED could be established to improve the frequency of GOC discussions.


The ultrastructural and histochemical properties of the classical, eosinophilic inclusion bodies in neurones from mice infected with herpes simplex virus were examined. Ultrastructurally the inclusion body was found to consist of finely fibrillary material with a few interspersed virus nucleocapsids. Histochemically they contained small amounts of DNA as demonstrated with the fluorescent Feulgen method. Furthermore they contained strongly basic proteins, probably rich in arginine, responsible for the characteristic eosinophilia. The origin of the inclusions is discussed and it is considered more likely that the proteins and DNA are specified by the virus rather than by the host cell.


The association between thyroglobulin gene polymorphism and autoimmune thyroid disease was investigated.A total of eight case-control studies were included.E33SNP was associated with increased susceptibility of autoimmune thyroid disease in recessive model (OR =1.54,95 % CI 1.21 ~ 1.97,P =0.024),while E12SNP was associated with increased susceptibility of autoimmune thyroid disease in allele model (OR =1.12,95% CI 1.05 ~1.21,P =0.033).Thyroglobulin gene polymorphism seems to be associated with autoimmune thyroid disease.

Key words:
Thyroglobulin;  Autoimmune thyroid disease;  Gene polymorphism


For many theoretical micro-economic models, longitudinal data is a pre-requisite for correct empirical validation. In the absence of true panels we can use pseudo panels, ones where the estimators obtained display the same properties as if a real panel had been used. The present text shows that using a neural network to build a pseudo panel offers many advantages over the traditional method, especially since by acting in this manner (and thanks to the significant homogeneity of the classes obtained thusly) we avoid major measurement errors.


Fatty acid composition of total leaf lipids of 23 species from five series of the genus Alchemilla L. was studied by GC. Fatty acids identified and quantified are C 12:0, C 14:0, G 16:0, G 18:0, G 20:0, G 22:0, G 24:0, G 26:0 and G 28:0 as saturated, and G 16:1, G 18:1, G 18:2 and G 18:3 as unsaturated with the major fatty acids G 18:2 and G 18:3. The highest content of fatty acid was quantified in A. hirtipedicellata (78.34%) for ser. Elatae, A. A.erytropoda (68.74 %) for ser. Pubescentes, A. rizensis (76.47%) for ser. Sericeae, A. dura (73.94%) for ser. Galycinae and A. psedocartalinica (74.58%) for ser. Vulgares. The G 18:1 acid was determined in trace amounts while G 20:0, G 22:0, G 24:0 and G 28:0 acids were not determined in most of these species. Taxonomic value and phylogenetic implications of results are discussed.


In our review (Rowe and Healy 2014), we argued that taking too literally the approaches from the experimental psychology literature to measure cognitive abilities in individuals is fraught with problems. It is cheering to see that at least some others agree with this view (Barrett 2014; ten Cate 2014). For the reasons we outlined in that review we continue, however, to be wary of the interpretation of data produced from artificial tasks (Quinn et al. 2014), batteries of tasks on the same individuals (Thornton 2014; Thornton et al. 2014) and psychometric testing (Kolm 2014; Thornton 2014; Thornton et al. 2014). For example, animals will bring their experience to bear on their performance in novel artificial tasks (Quinn et al. 2014), and psychometric tests will reflect an animal's sensory and motor skills as well as its cognitive capabilities (Nachev and Winter 2012). We are more disappointed to see that another of our messages seems to have been missed, so we will reiterate that we think behavioral ecologists bring a different perspective and an invaluable new approach by addressing questions concerning the adaptive nature of cognition. While the experimental psychologist sweeps aside individual variation in task performance due to their focus on general mechanisms and principles, the behavioral ecologist trained in how natural selection optimizes in the face of trade-offs seeks to understand the causes and consequences of that variation, both interand intraspecific. Importantly, based on a deep understanding of an animal's or species' ecology, the behavioral ecologist can bring the power of hypothesis testing to bear on questions that address the role that cognition might play in that animal's survival and/or reproductive success. Here we would also suggest that the plan to use a "standard" test or a battery of tests misses the point: optimization means that cognitive abilities will themselves be traded off against other capabilities and Rambo will beat Einstein some of the time. Cole EF, Morand-Ferron J, Hinks A, Quinn JL. 2012. Cognitive ability influences reproductive life history variation in the wild. Curr Biol. 22:1808–1812. Frank MJ, Fossella JA. 2011. Neurogenetics and pharmacology of learning, motivation, and cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology. 36:133–152. Isden J, Panayi C, Dingle C, Madden J. 2013. Performance in cognitive and problem-solving tasks in male spotted bowerbirds does not correlate with mating success. Anim Behav. 86:829–838. Kawecki TJ. 2010. Evolutionary ecology of learning: insights from fruit flies. Popul Ecol. 52:15–25. Kingsolver JG, Hoekstra HE, Hoekstra JM, Berrigan D, Vignieri SN, Hill CE, Hoang A, Gibert P, Beerli P. 2001. The strength of phenotypic selection in natural populations. Am Nat. 157:245–261. Rowe C, Healy SD. 2014. Measuring variation in cognition. Behav Ecol. 25:1287–1292. Taylor AH, Hunt GR, Medina FS, Gray RD. 2009. Do New Caledonian crows solve physical problems through causal reasoning? Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 276:247–254. Invited Response Testing more species (Kolm 2014) and remarkable species (Thornton 2014) may, indeed, give some fascinating insights into what different species can do. "Cognitive taxonomy," or the natural history of cognition, is a useful starting point for identifying variation in cognition found across species. We would suggest, however, that one might choose one's remarkable species with some care, with a view to both the biological and logistic value of the choice. For example, the knowledge that some birds store food and other, closely related, species do not, lead to work addressing the role that spatial memory, and the hippocampus, play in that behavioral variation (e.g., Biegler et al. 2001). Similarly, if one wished to determine the adaptive role that cognition plays in female choice, then the choice of species would not be a food storer but one in which females vary in the degree to which they exercise mate choice. Here a female bowerbird or a peahen might be the animal of interest. We urge researchers not just to measure cognitive abilities in their study species because they feel it's timely. Hypothesis-driven science is what behavioral ecologists are good at and playing to that strength surely leads to more robust advances in understanding how selection acts on cognitive abilities. Finally, we would like to reiterate that we did not intend to dissuade anyone from investigating variation in cognitive abilities (Quinn et al. 2014). This is a misunderstanding we want to correct. We do want to see such investigations (and the more the merrier). But we emphasize again that researchers need to ensure that they can identify the relevant cognitive trait(s). Unless we can robustly do that, we suggest our own "sticking plaster" solution, which is to encourage researchers to recognize the fact that an animal's performance in their cognitive tasks does not necessarily depend upon its cognitive ability.


As a result of ASCOD phenotyping of 238 ischemic stroke (IS) patients with extracranial arteries atherosclerosis (AS) versus TOAST it is determined that ASCOD is useful to assess the contribution of the ethiopathogenetic mechanisms (EPM) and their combinations in development of IS including AS of low grades and subclinical microvascular complication that is important for development of strategies of phenotypeoriented therapy and preventive IS treatment.Combination of EPM with increase of total ASC score>5 is associated with decreaseof overall survival maybe taken into account when predicting IS outcomes.


We propose a frequency-domain sparse iterative covariance-based estimation (FD-SPICE) approach for the high-resolution time delay estimation of spread spectrum signals. The conventional correlation method fails to resolve the signals in the case where they are spaced within a Rayleigh resolution limit and further processing should be applied to the correlation outputs in order to improve performance. SPICE is one of the most prominent candidates for further processing since it has various advantages over subspace-based approaches. SPICE is implemented normally in the time domain like other sparse signal reconstruction-based approaches. However, the time-domain SPICE (TD-SPICE) approach suffers from a severe performance degradation in coherent signal cases, as in direction-of-arrival estimation. We develop an FD-SPICE approach which makes use of the Fourier transform bins of the correlation output samples to form a sample covariance matrix. Numerical examples demonstrate the superiority of FD-SPICE over TD-SPICE, especially in coherent signal cases.


In 1537 the Spanish Dominican Francisco de Vitoria, Prime Professor of Theology at the University of Salamanca, delivered a lecture entitled De indis whose purpose was, he declared, to discover 'by what right the barbarians' – by which he meant the American Indians – 'had come under the rule of the Spaniards'. For although, he professed, the conscience of the Spanish kings and their advisors was of itself sufficient guarantee that everything 'had been well-done', all men are compelled to consult the wisest and best-informed persons they can find before reaching a decision on any issue where matters of conscience are involved. Vitoria's relectio belongs to a tradition of ritual legitimation which the Castilian crown had, since the later Middle Ages, regularly enacted when confronted by uncertain moral issues. The conclusions which the crown's advisors reached on these occasions were frequently ignored since, as Vitoria himself observed, kings were, of necessity, pragmatic beings compelled to 'think from hand to mouth'. But the declarations issued by the theologians and jurists on crown policy formed an important part of the ideological armature of what, after the defeat of the comunero revolt in 1521, has some claims to being the first early-modern nation state. With the accession of Philip II, that state had, effectively, secured the consensus of its own political nation.


Part I examines how and why people engage in stereotyping and prejudiced thinking. It also summarizes the available data on the continued existence of racial discrimination in employment. Part II explains why the due process clause, the right to trial by jury, and elemental notions of fairness obligate judges and juries to listen to known facts about racism and discrimination and how this can be accomplished through jury instructions, judicial notice and expert testimony. Part III demonstrates that neither the language of the most controversial Supreme Court opinions nor the theories of the icons of contemporary conservative thought foreclose our modest proposal.


Time-delayed intensity cross correlation functions are used to analyze the structural relaxation of a two-dimensional liquid of soft disks as simulated using a molecular dynamics algorithm. The structural relaxation exhibits an increasing long time tail as the freezing transition is approached. A cross correlation function designed to select out only local hexagonal fluctuations is used to demonstrate explicitly that this slow relaxation arises from crystalline fluctuations. A theoretical treatment of the role of aperture size and cluster distribution in the scattering correlation functions is presented.


There is a need to entice a new generation of Filipinos to practice value-added agriculture to replace the current farmers expected to retire in a decade or so. But persistent poverty levels in agricultural areas have dissuaded Filipino youth from pursuing opportunities in this sector. In this commentary, we propose that the Philippine government work with private investors and socio-civic organizations to revive interest in agriculture by positioning it as an attractive and viable option. This can be done by stimulating entrepreneurial activities in agriculture, through targeted agricultural entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship shifts attention from producing more of the same things to producing value-added goods and services through managed agricultural risks. To encourage opportunity seeking and value creation in this sector, there is need to train current farmers to become more entrepreneurial and to educate future generations to become agricultural entrepreneurs. This commentary presents four current strategies to increase interest in agricultural entrepreneurship in the Philippines—Family Farm Schools, the SAKA program, Farm Business Schools, and the Social Enterprise approach of Gawad Kalinga. Clearly, a more concerted effort among government, socio-civic organizations, and private investors is needed for substantial outcomes to materialize.


In a concerted effort to bring about change in the gender balance of European corporate boards, a European Commission report released earlier this year sets out the many advantages of having greater gender diversity on boards. The report contends that providing a better balance of gender on boards will bring about company outperformance, higher returns, better risk management, and a better representation of society. It also highlights the limited progress being made across the EU. Of the 600 or so largest companies listed in the EU, women account for only 3.2% of the position of chairperson or president, and among boards of the largest companies in the EU, women make up only 13.7% of the average board. Although the latter at a rate of 1.5% a year over the recent past, the rate has not matched the results of EU countries that have adopted quotas for their own national policies—France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain. Even so, this rate of growth has not impressed the European Commission, which is proposing a mandatory quota of at least 40% of non-executive positions to be held by women. Certain countries feel that EU-wide mandatory quotas


Abstract The qualitative study examined the processes and approaches to collaboration, reflection, and dialogue of preservice and mentoring teachers who were engaged in a yearlong internship experience. Within the context of a university course grounded in constructivism, social constructivism, and the concept of teacher as researcher, the study explored the social interactions of the teachers throughout the course of the school day. Teachers were observed in the process of planning and reflecting on daily classroom activities through collaborative meetings with a focus on the teaching and learning process. The preservice teachers were educated in the use of the main principles described by the Reggio Emilia Approach ‐ collaboration reflection, and dialogue (Edwards, Gandini & Forman, 1998) and thus, served as a guide for the collaborative interactions with the mentoring teachers.


The rail potential is the voltage between running rails and earth under operating conditions when the running rails are utilized for carrying the traction return current or under fault conditions. Main characteristics of high-speed railway traction load are high-power and high operating currents. It may cause rail potential to exceed limits and endanger the safety of persons. So it is worth studying that how to keep the rail potential below a critical value under all expected conditions. The models of return circuit system of traction power supply system (TPSS) of high-speed railway are built using SimPowerSystems toolbox provided by MATLAB/SIMULINK in this paper, and the simulation results are given out. Based on compare and analysis, several factors that have obvious influence on rail potential are pointed out, such as the conductance per unit length between running rails and earth. The effects of some measures to low rail potential are also compared and a reasonable scheme is brought forward. It is illustrated that the scheme may ensure safety of persons through simulation


Epilepsy is a debilitating, potentially fatal, seizure-causing neurological disorder that will affect approximately 1% of people worldwide in their lifetimes [1]. Medication-based treatment is ineffective for an estimated 40% of epilepsy patients [1]. As an alternative to medication, surgical removal of the hippocampus (commonly, the origin of epileptic seizures) successfully cures epileptic seizures in about 70% of cases [2]; however, 50–90% of eligible patients forgo surgery due to risks associated with highly invasive brain surgery [2,3]. Magnetic resonance image-guided (MRI-guided) laser ablation of the hippocampus is a promising avenue for minimally invasive surgical treatment of epilepsy. Recent clinical trials using various needle-based, MRI-guided laser ablation systems to treat epilepsy have reported positive results; however, seizure outcomes were worse than those of epilepsy surgery [4]. These ablation systems exhibit one major limitation: linear needle trajectories are unable to traverse the entire curved structure of the hippocampus. Steerable needles—comprising concentric tubes of pre-curved superelastic nitinol—address this limitation by enabling curvilinear needle trajectories in soft tissue. The potential benefits of curvilinear trajectories are twofold: (1) they enable therapy delivery to a larger region of the hippocampus and (2) they enable accurate needle placement while avoiding sensitive, untreated tissue that might otherwise obstruct a typical linear trajectory [5]. To achieve curvilinear trajectories without shearing tissue, however, steerable needles must be deployed in a "follow-the-leader" (FTL) fashion, whereby the needle backbone follows the path created by the needle tip [5]. Precise coordination of needle insertion and rotation required for FTL deployment necessitates robotic actuation. Research on MRI-compatible robotic needle-actuation systems has focused primarily on straight needle placement (see, e.g., Ref. [6]; for a more general review of MRI-compatible robotics, see Ref. [7]). To enable use of steerable needles for MRI-guided epilepsy surgery, we previously developed a compact, pneumatically actuated, additively manufactured, fail-safe, MR-compatible robotic needle-driving system [8]. This paper presents a jointlevel trajectory coordinator for FTL deployment of a steerable needle using our MRI-compatible robot. FTL deployment is validated experimentally.


Swinton Park have welcomed the arrival of four week old Neeka. Neeka was bred in Scotland and will fly in the Bird of Prey Centre's Experience Days ...


Individual demographic data of 459 women living in Torino with incident breast cancer diagnosed in 1979 were compared with those of a random sample of 1800 women drawn from the list of residents in the same city. Among women aged 25–44 and 45+ years, age-adjusted odds ratios for birth in southern Italy were respectively 1.3 (95% CL, 0.1–2.1) and 0.7 (95% CL, 0.5–0.9). In women aged 45+ years, odds ratios increased with length of residence in Torino.


Mechanical, impact, and relaxation properties of in situ synthesized carbon nanotubes-polyaniline (CNT-PANi) hybrid nanoparticle-filled poly(propylene) (PP) composites with or without an amphiphilic dispersing agent were investigated using tensile testing, notched Charpy impact testing, and dynamical mechanical testing methods. The reference material was MWCNT filled PP composite. Ethyl gallate (EG) was the dispersing agent which realizes high conductivity in PP composites with hybrid filler. Measured properties showed quite similar behavior of CNT-PANi hybrid and neat CNT filled composites. Addition of 20% EG in PP did not cause essential differences compared to the neat PP. When the dispersing agent was added in filler containing PP composites, remarkable effects were observed, especially in PP-hybrid composites. Mechanically, these materials had improved tensile properties, but they were brittle compared to the materials without dispersing agent. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed improvement in storage modulus, and in loss modulus the α transition was well observable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013


The objective of medical informatic systems is to enhance the efficiency of the medical process, especially as it relates to patient interaction with the health care system. We use a dynamic simulation model to estimate the current performance of a moderate size radiological unit in an urban health care center. The principal findings include description of existing informatics processes, as well as calculated results from dynamic statistical simulation of the system. Bottlenecks were observed throughout the process, with simulation estimated maximum queues ranging from 33.9 hours (fluoroscopy) to 254.3 hours (general X-rays). The impact of digital systems (e.g. PACS) on each delay point is also discussed. We demonstrate that the dynamic modelling approach such as by the ARENA model can answer specific questions pertaining to streamlining of complex, multistage medical information processes and assist in cost/benefit analysis for implementation of all digital alternatives to existing systems.


Aim: A preterm birth (PTB) is one that occurs before the full 37th week of pregnancy. Our theory is based on the possibility that braided mesh sutures made of Mersilene could lead to more complications and undesirable outcomes.
Methods: There were 46 pregnant women who had cervical insufficiency. Mersilene sutures were used in 26 cases and prolene sutures in 20 cases. The cervical lengths were comparable.
Results: Each case involved a pregnancy with a single fetus. Mersilene and prolene were the suture types in 26 cases and 20 cases, respectively. During the monitoring period, no problems, including infections, were noted.
Conclusion: Prolene sutures appear to be related with decreased PTB and improved neonatal results, despite the fact that mersilene sutures are the conventionally chosen material for cerclage. Prolene sutures continue to offer an option to conventional mersilene sutures, notwithstanding the need for more thorough randomized clinical trials to identify any potential associations between suture material and cerclage outcomes.


A carbon nitride phase with primarily sp3-bonded carbon is stabilized in CNx/ZrN superlattice coatings. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements give a N/C atomic ratio ∼1.3 for the CNx layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Z-contrast imaging from the superlattice show a well-defined layer structure. Raman and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy results reveal the formation of sp3-bonded carbon atoms in short-period CNx/ZrN superlattices.


This paper compared the characteristics of different types of courseware,the introduction Powerpoint2007 the SmartArt graphic layout tools,characteristics and application methods,and through a number of examples of pictures how to choose different according to the layout of the courseware content. PPT courseware using SmartArt right landscaping can increase the beauty of the presentation and the degree of focus. On the "text-based slide" and played the role of finishing touch.


With the objetive to compare the genetic group performances for growth traits, data on 2888 yearling weight (YW) and average daily gain from weaning to yearling (AGY) and 1909 long yearling weight (LYW) and average daily gain from 365 day weight to 550 day weight (AGL), from progenies of Nellore cows mated to Aberdeen Angus, (red and black) Brangus, Gelbvieh, Nellore and Simmental sires in the State of Mato do Grosso do Sul were analyzed. The F1 genetic groups were: 1/2 Nellore + 1/2 Angus (1AG1NL), 1/2 Brangus + 1/2 Nellore (1BB1NL), 1/2 Red Brangus + 1/2 Nellore (1RB1NL), 1/2 Canchim + 1/2 Nellore (1CN1NL), 1/2 Gelbvieh + 1/2 Nellore (1GL1NL), 1/2 Simental + 1/2 Nellore (1SM1NL) and Nellore. Data were processed by least squares method using a mathematical model that included the fixed effects of contemporary groups (CG), genetic group (GG), age of calf and age of cow at calving. Contemporary Group and Genetic Group showed significant effects on all studied traits. Age of cow at calving was a significant source of variation on AGL, showing linear and quadratic effects. The crossbred animals were 25.9 kg and 34.8 kg heavier than the Nellore to YW and LYW, respectively. AGY and AGL were 67 and 21 g greater for crossbred than for Nellore, respectively. The F1 animals from groups 1AG1NL, 1GL1NL and 1SM1NL were 8% higher than Nellore for the studied traits. Among crossbreed, 1GL1NL and 1SM1NL tended to be higher for YW. Among the groups originated from sinthetic breeds, 1BA1NL, 1BV1NL and 1CN1NL, the crossbred group Canchim was 4 to 7% higher for all the traits analysed.


Regard a foundation excavation as example of Shenzhen Dinghe Plaza,detail research has been done into the bedrock fracture grouting technology.First,according to the geological conditions and hydrological conditions of the engineering,the affects brought by construction precipitation to the venues surrounding has been analyzed,and elaborated the need to take the bedrock fissures grouting sealing measures.Then,combine to the engineering practice,grouting technology for this project has been proposed and major construction techniques and processes,pulping and grouting technology has been studied in deeply.The construction techniques and methods put forward can provide a reference for the construction of similar projects.


Abstract In order to clarify the mechanism of successive phase transitions in antiferroelectric smectics, a crossover from XY symmetry to Ising one is studied at finite temperature by introducing the XY model with competing second nearest neighbor interaction in the two-fold field. Global phase diagram shows how the phases with two types of symmetry coexist for the field smaller than a critical field and beyond this, the system exhibits essentially like a competing Ising model.


High resolution observations of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect are necessary to allow the use of clusters of galaxies as a probe for large scale structures at high redshifts. With its high resolution and dual-band capability at millimeter wavelengths, the NIKA camera can play a significant role in this context. NIKA is based on newly developed Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) and operates at the IRAM 30m telescope, Pico Veleta, Spain. In this paper, we give the status of the NIKA camera, focussing on the KID technology. We then present observations of three galaxy clusters: RX J1347.5-1145 as a demonstrator of the NIKA capabilities and the recent observations of CL J1226.9+3332 (z = 0.89) and MACS J0717.5+3745 (z = 0.55). We also discuss prospects for the final NIKA2 camera, which will have a 6.5 arcminute field of view with about 5000 detectors in two bands at 150 and 260 GHz.


To adapting for the embedded technology's application widely in the modern industry,electron and so on,it is the design for the embedded system exploitation motherboard based on S3C2410 core board through the research on ARM9 embedded microprocessor S3C2410.More demand and function can extend and come true on the motherboard.Firstly,introduce ARM9 embedded microprocessor S3C2410.Then introduce the design for the embedded system exploitation motherboard based on S3C2410 core board and the function extend,including exploitation motherboards' collectivity design,power supply design,all kinds of communication module design,such as serial interface,JTAG interface,network interface,CAN bus communication interface and so on.The motherboard's design has realized the embedded system application's flexibility.


Tunable solvents represent a new generation of environmentally friendly solvents with potential applications in the effective extraction of bioactive compounds, including supramolecular solvents (SUPRAS). This study aimed to optimize caffeine extraction from coffee processing wastewater (CWW) using SUPRAS of various compositions. An extreme vertices design was employed to evaluate the SUPRAS composition. The synthesis of SUPRAS involved two amphiphiles (1‐hexanol and decanoic acid) in hydro‐organic solutions of tetrahydrofuran (THF). A statistical modeling approach was used to characterize the process and determine the optimal conditions for potential scale‐up within the coffee processing industry. The results indicated that SUPRAS offer a promising alternative to traditional solvents for extracting caffeine from CWW. The highest experimental extraction rate (~ 62%) was achieved using a 15% 1‐hexanol in a hydro‐organic solution of THF (47% v/v). This mixture corresponded to the optimum predicted by a special cubic statistical model (R2 = 0.9367; Adj‐R2 = 0.8608, and RSME = 3.2795). The percentage of caffeine extracted from CWW is considered acceptable, given the compound's affinity for water and the rapid (1 min) and straightforward approach employed. Moreover, the use of SUPRAS reduced solvent consumption, and the proposed statistical model identified conditions that maximized caffeine extraction while minimizing THF usage. This method can potentially lower process costs and solvent consumption. For large‐scale extraction, centrifugation can be substituted with spontaneous sedimentation. Overall, these findings have significant implications for the valorization of CWW, providing a sustainable and efficient method for the extraction of valuable compounds.


Incipient instabilities, which are presently developing within the chalk of ancient (ca. 1100 years old) bell-shaped caverns at the Bet Guvrin National Park (Israel), have been the aim of multiple investigations for more than a decade. An innovative and independent validation approach is presented here, whereby numerical predictions of material instabilities are compared with the spatial distribution of extremely weak (ML > -4.0) failure signals detected by nanoseismic monitoring. Our data show that it is indeed possible to detect a series of extremely weak spiky broad-band signals. Their characterization and location indicate that they are unequivocally generated by incipient brittle failure within the chalk material of the bell-shaped caves, thus verifying numerical predictions. Furthermore, our investigations suggest that numerical modelling is best used to guide nanoseismic monitoring, which, in turn, can quantify the spatio-temporal distribution of actual incipient failure.