A Green function theory of hydrogen chemisorption on transition-metal and semiconductor surfaces, based on Anderson's Hamiltonian, is presented. The formalism is exact in the two limiting cases where either the intra-atomic Coulomb repulsion U of hydrogen, or the hopping matrix element between the adatom and the adsorbent, is zero. The non-orthogonality of the wavefunctions is included through anti-commutation relations fulfilled by non-orthogonal fermion operators. Numerical results are obtained for transition metals Ni and W and for the semiconductors Ge and Si. A comparison is made for these examples with known Hartree-Fock solutions, and qualitative differences are found.


The methodology that used in introduction to teaching profession in our country is the Public Personnel Selection Examination (PPSE). Teacher candidates have been appointed to the teaching profession from the results of some multiple choices examinations like general culture, general ability, and educational sciences exam. The aim of this research, in generally, is to evaluate the PPSE exam, to investigate preparation course of the candidates and the problems of candidates during the appointment from the point of the Physical Education Teacher candidates. As a results %39.7 of teacher candidates (about 515 person) have been attended a private teaching institution. The question of '' PPSE is an ideal system for selective teacher has been agreed with a low-level qI do not agree'' which equal to (=2.31) and the question of '' PPSE should be getting improved to measure our professional network'' has been adopted at a very high-level 'I agree' by the teacher candidates.


BACKGROUND: In Greece the needs for blood cannot be totally met by the country's supplies. In order to overcome this difficulty the Ministry of health in collaboration with the institutions in charge, imports from Switzerland nearly 30,000 units of blood per year. In order to achieve blood sufficiency, efforts should be directed towards the donors' pool and new volunteer donors should be recruited.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to focus on the modern blood donor's profile and also to evaluate the utility of the information technology in reinforcing blood donation in Greece.
METHODS: For this purpose, 120 questionnaires were collected by the Blood Donation Centre of the Konstantopoulion General Hospital of Athens. Questions were focused on information about demographic data, information behavior and also the donors' attitudes and ideas.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings pointed out that the internet is an important communication and information channel and also a very important tool for promoting blood donation. Young people and women as part of the potential donors have not been adequately engaged yet; therefore the information technology should help to enhance the recruitment of new donors.


initiative when cautionary flags are raised at both the political and bureaucratic levels. Second, Ryan Touhey's piece on former practitioner John Hadwen, "A Journey Without Maps: John Hadwen in India 1979–83," assesses the policy impact of a foreign service officer who through an illustrious career became high commissioner to India at a time when improved relations with the world's largest democracy mattered and access to the top was key. Hadwen recognized the importance of commercial relations, the need to get beyond India's weaponization of Canadian nuclear technology for its own ends, and used his impressive access to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to great effect, even when Ottawa seemed to drop the ball. Yet in this volume, P.E. Bryden and P. Whitney Lackenbauer bring out the humanity that can both characterize and take biography to a new, expanded level of which John English would be proud. In their respective contributions on "Scandal and the Decentring of Canadian Biography: The Case of Gerda Munsinger" and "Competing Biographies: How James Gladstone became Canada's First Indigenous Senator," both tell complex and interesting stories of their protagonists. Bryden sets out the compelling story of an immigrant who found herself in the centre of an early 1960s political sex scandal that in the end had no great national security implications but served to titillate the ruling class in Ottawa and those paying attention across the country. It simply and compellingly offers biography as a window into an ordinary life. Lackenbauer describes a story dear to me as I pass by James Gladstone's bust every day as I enter the Senate. His analysis of how Gladstone came to be chosen over other leading indigenous personalities by Prime Minister John Diefenbaker is a story of noble intentions, the difficulty of a selection process, regional politics, testing the public pulse, and dignity for Indigenous peoples. It is a fascinating read. In his conclusion, John Milloy refers to biography as being "relatable, respectful, realistic, and relevant." The authors of the essays in this interesting and very readable volume achieve this. They readily demonstrate that modern Canadian biography can easily follow these guidelines and can move into newer analytical paradigms. In many ways, John English has blazed a trail for others to follow, encouraging their own passion for reason in the treatment of their subjects.


The consequences of global warming have gained worldwide importance, also in the scope of built environment when related with the thermal comfort conditions of users. In this way, the objective of this research is to analyse the effects of global warming on the hours of thermal comfort of dwellings, with different thermal insulators in the external walls, considering the emission scenario A2 of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC. The methodological procedures consist of four stages: preparation of climate files for Future Scenarios (2020, 2050 and 2080) from the base climate file (base scenario); definition of a dwelling for study object (Tbase); preparation of thermal insulating intervention proposals, such as: EPS (T1), rock wool (T2) and glass wool (T3) and evaluation of thermal comfort conditions using the adaptive thermal comfort method. The results indicate that the air temperature increases by 21.5% and the relative air humidity reduces by 22% until the 2080 scenario if compared to the base scenario. From these new conditions, the percentages of Tbase comfort hours suffer a reduction of 63.61%, increasing the hours of heat discomfort by 98.48%, in the scenario of 2080 in relation to the base scenario. With the adoption of insulation, the T1 typology presented comfort hours of 58.4%, reducing to 17.9%. However, typologies T2 and T3 presented similar behaviour, with 27.2% of hours in comfort and 67.4% of hours in heat discomfort, in the 2080 scenario in relation to the baseline scenario. Therefore, it can be concluded that typologies T2 and T3 presented greater resilience to the effects of global warming, but it is necessary to incorporate constructive interventions to absorb the impacts of climate changes and provide better conditions of thermal comfort.


The Romanian education system has had to adapt to the new challenges brought on by the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, it is expected of preschool teachers to integrate and use Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in their teaching approach.
The purpose of this study is to explore the preschool teachers' perception on quality usage of ICT.
Based on qualitative data, we have started with the question; "What is the preschool teachers' perception regarding the possibilities and the limits that come with the introduction of ICT in the preschool curriculum?"
The pattern was determined by using the sampling criteria which is an intentional sampling method. This was used to select 25 preschool teachers (N=25) from state kindergartens. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews that lasted up to one hour and were based on the semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were recorded, recorded and transcribed, in order to make the main textual analysis, which was based on a thematic analysis, thus identifying three main themes.
Our results show that there is a need for change, where teachers' technological pedagogical knowledge needs improvement, in terms of how they are supposed to integrate technology for children's invovment in the teaching-learning process.
Furthermore, the preschool teachers have emphasized on their expectations in being supported through the creation of a school curriculum and more programs that involve improving their abilities in using technology.
Preschool teachers are aware not only of the advantages of technology, but also of the possible disadvantages.


A distance measuring device includes a display processor that acquires an image which includes a distance measuring object from a camera, and generates display information indicating the image, an acceleration sensor that is provided with a device housing having the display processor and outputs a gravity acceleration component corresponding to an inclination angle of the device housing, and a distance measuring processor that calculates an inclination angle from the gravity acceleration component that is obtained from the acceleration sensor in a state that an image indicating the measuring object is complemented in the display information generated by the display processor.


Abstract—Heavy-duty over-the-road trucks require periodic active diesel particulate filter regeneration to clean the filter of stored particulate matter. These events require sustained temperatures between 500 and 600□C to complete the regeneration process. Engine operation during typical 65 mile/hour highway cruise conditions (1200 rpm/7.6 bar) results in temperatures of approximately 350□C, and can reach approximately 420□C with late fuel injection. This necessitates hydrocarbon fueling of a diesel oxidation catalyst or burner located upstream of the diesel particulate filter to reach the required regeneration temperatures. These strategies require increased fuel consumption, and the presence of a fuel-dosed oxidation catalyst (or burner) between the engine and particulate filter. This paper experimentally demonstrates that, at the highway cruise condition, deactivation of valve motions and fuel injection for two or three (of six) cylinders can instead be used to reach engine outlet temperatures of 520-570□C, a 170-220□C increase compared to normal operation. This is primarily a result of a reduction in the air-to-fuel ratio realized by reducing the displaced cylinder volume through cylinder deactivation.


A Comment on the Letter by Yoshihiro Tanabe and Kunihiko Kaneko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1372 (1994). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.


Abstract In this paper, instead of likelihood based methods that are fragile under model uncertainty, we use entropy based methods on time-ordered household income data to recover income distribution information on European countries and obtain an inequality income measure. For information recovery, we use a family of information theoretic entropy divergence measures to obtain income probability density functions and the corresponding inequality measures, which reflect how European country based economic behavioral systems are performing, and in terms of dynamics have changed over time.


The invention relates to a concentrated fault through device for a wind power station. The device can respectively work in a wind power station running mode and a unit test mode, and is arranged in a container mode or a container combined with outdoors mode. The device comprises transient voltage supporting parts, a transient reactive injection part and a power discharging part, wherein the transient voltage supporting parts are connected in series and arranged between the concentrated grid point of the wind power station and the concentrated collection line of a fan in the wind power station; the branches of the transient reactive injection part and the branches of the power discharging part are connected in parallel and linked on the concentrated collection line of the fan in the wind power station. The device are respectively divided into a steady-state running state and a transient-state running state in the wind power station running mode and the unit test mode, and certain master devices are multiplexed in the two modes, so that the covered wind power stations consisting of constant-speed asynchronous wind motor units can meet the demand of low-voltage through capability specified by the national standard and the U.S. and European wind power grid standards. When the running modes of the device are switched, the wind power station does not need to be in power failure.


Immigrants report more psychotic symptoms than native-born populations. This study used data from the U.S.-based, nationally representative and culturally validated National Latino and Asian American Study to investigate whether refugees are at higher risk of psychotic symptoms than voluntary migrants. In this study, refugee status predicted more psychotic symptoms. Effects remained significant in most models after controlling for demographic covariates and traumatic experiences, however the direction of the effect differed for pre- versus post-migration periods. The study concludes that refugees are at higher risk for developing psychotic symptoms, which arise among refugees more often in the pre-migration period and less often post-migration.


Abstract Formation of stoichiometric M[TiO(C2C4) 2] × H2O where M= Ca, Cd and Pb from mixed solutions of Ca(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)2 and Pb(NO3)2 with potassium titanyl oxalate were investigated at different pH values and the precipitates obtained were studied by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis techniques. Stoichiometric phases of Ca[TiO(C2O4)2]6H2O, Cd [TiO(OH)2C2O4] 4 H2O and Pb [TiO(OH)2C2O4] 4 H2O resulted from precipitates obtained at pH=2.5 for Ca, pH=7.0 for Cd and pH=3. 0 for Pb systems, while mixed phases resulted from precipitates at other pH values. pH dependence on formation of stoichiometric precursor phases was found to be crucial in all the three systems.


. In this paper the relationship between locally reachable sets for a fixed set of controls in the Lie algebra of a Lie group and the local semigroups generated by the corresponding one-parameter semigroup is considered. It is convenient to carry out the investigation in the Lie algebra itself, and the appropriate machinery for doing this is first developed. It is shown that local semigroups contain locally reachable sets. A general criterion (rerouting) is developed for the converse inclusion, and it is shown that if the set of controls is contained in a proper cone or is a Lie wedge (i.e., the tangent of a local semigroup), then it is the case that locally reachable sets contain local semigroups.


Dr. Taimi Olsen is the associate director of the Tennessee Teaching and Learning Center at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville, and adjunct in the First Year Studies program and the UT English Department. At UT, she oversees staffing, web materials, workshop creation and delivery, and assessment procedures. She has led workshops on classroom management and teaching techniques in the Humanities and Foreign Languages, and University-wide workshops on service learning, visual learning, and—with Dr. Stan Guffey—HSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) workshops on active learning in flexible classrooms. She coordinates University-wide workshops and institutes, such as the New Faculty Teaching Institute, The Summer Teaching Institute, university workshops on Assessment, Experiential Learning, and others. Through a grant opportunity, she published "Engaging Students as Researchers through Internet Use" in The Academic Commons. With Drs. Schumann and Peters, she co-authored "Co-Creation of Value through Teaching and Learning Centers" forthcoming in a New Directions volume.


Young adult fiction has emerged as a crucial pedagogical tool for Holocaust education. According to scholars and writers, it promotes empathy and also encourages the readers to become a part of the process of remembering. However, this field of storytelling also grapples with the dilemma of traumatic subject matter and its suitability for young readers. The humanist conventions of young adult fiction are often in conflict with the bleak and horrifying core of Holocaust literature. Young adult novelists have tried to deal with these problematic aspects by using multiple narrative strategies to integrate the memories of genocide and human rights abuse with the project of growth and socialisation that lies at the heart of young adult literature. This paper examines the narrative strategies that make young adult fiction an apt bearer and preserver of the traumatic past. Specifically, these strategies involve fantastical modes of storytelling, liminality and witness testimonies told to the second- and third-generation listeners. These strategies modify the humanist resolution of young adult narratives by integrating growth with collective responsibility.


High transaction costs have been cited as limiting access to credit in developing countries. This issue is much more critical for knowledge-based companies due to their position in accelerating economic growth and the particular characteristics of these companies. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the transaction cost of financing knowledge-based companies from an official fund in Iran that provides financial support for innovations and technologies. The data was collected through interviews and questionnaires in a sampling of knowledge-based companies in 2022. In this study, after


The current–voltage characteristics of erbium-silicided n-type Schottky barrier tunnel transistors (SBTTs) are discussed. The n-type SBTTs with 60 nm gate lengths shows typical transistor behaviors in drain current to drain voltage characteristics. The drain current on/off ratio is about 105 at low drain voltage regime in drain current to gate voltage characteristics. However, the on/off ratio tends to decrease as the drain voltage increases. From the numerical simulation results, the increase of off-current is mainly attributed to the thermionic current and the increase of drain current is mainly attributed to the tunneling current, respectively. This phenomenon is explained by using drain induced Schottky barrier thickness thinning effect.


1 Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 2 Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China 3 Animal Science Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China 4 State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology (China Agricultural University), Beijing 100193, China


The main features of development of powerful multifunctional unified inverter module are considered. Its modular design allows to create modern energy storage systems of different power which increase the efficiency of the use of dispersed sources of generation interconnected to Integrated Power Systems of Ukraine which is provided by the concept of "Smart Grid & Energy Storage". The results of modeling and experimental tests of a 300 kW power module based on bi-directional converters are presented.


A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach is extremely rare. We have re- viewed the medical records and imaging studies of the four patients that presented with a large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the stomach. On a barium study and CT imaging, a gastric large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is depicted as an ulcerofun- gating tumor with minimal peritumoral infiltration and metastatic lymphadenopathy in the perigastric area. These findings are similar to findings for advanced gastric can- cer, especially Borrmann type II. However, a gastric large cell neuroendocrine carcino- ma is highly malignant with a significantly worse prognosis than a usual adenocarci- noma.


Saliva based technologies are the future of devices for health monitoring of human beings in space and earth: Balwant Rai A few months ago, India launched its very first spacecraft on an unmanned mission to Mars. Other space agencies including NASA, ESA, and others will probably turn their focus to manned missions to Mars. During such extended space travel, the body is prone to a number of adverse effects, including modifications in the oral cavity. Various studies have been carried out on the effects of simulated microgravity and Mission analog missions on the oral cavity, but this issue needs to be extended to explore and make specific guidelines for oral dental management during space missions. ®


Query imprecision may be frequently caused by the nature of many applications including location based services. The problem of capably computing range aggregates in a multidimensional space is examined in this paper when the query location is unsure. Specifically, for a query point P whose location is uncertain and a set X of points in a multi-dimensional space, we want to calculate the aggregate over the subset S of X such that for q each  ∈ S, P has at least probability θ within the distance γ to q.  Novel efficient techniques are proposed to solve the problem following the filtering-and-verification paradigm. Especially, to efficiently and proficiently remove data points from verification two novel filtering techniques are proposed


Despite the decreased fer lity rate, East Kalimantan Province s ll facing unmet needs. Moreover, almost all contracep ve use in East Kalimantan depends on short-ac ng contracep ve methods. Only a few studies have ever been conducted on wo m e n ' s au to n o my ab o u t L o n gA c n g Pe r m an e n t Contracep on Methods (LAPMs) choices. It is, therefore, essen al to find the associated factors affec ng LAPMs uptake. This study aimed to analyze the influence of socio-demographic, knowledge, women's autonomy, and fer lity on LAPMs uptake at the household level. The data derived from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 of East Kalimantan Province. Samples were 570 married women of childbearing age (10–49 years) who s ll using contracep on in any method. Independent variables were socio-demographic, knowledge of family planning, autonomy, and fer lity. The dependent variable was uptake of LAPMs. Logis c regression used to analyze the correla on between variables. Results showed Factors correlated with the uptake of LAPMs in the bivariate analysis were age, insurance ownership, family planning knowledge, and women's autonomy (p value<0.05). While in the mul variate analysis only women autonomy and insurance ownership were related to the uptake of LAPMs. This finding provides evidence for including women empowerment programs in the family planning program. Correspondence :Annisa Nurrachmawa , Jl. Sambaliung Kampus Unmul Gunung Kelua Email : email@example.com , 082154499470 • Received 22 Jan 2020 • Accepted 11 Mei 2020 • p ISSN : 2088-7612 • e ISSN : 2548-8538 • DOI: h ps://doi.org/10.25311/keskom.Vol6.Iss1.511 Copyright @2017. This is an open-access ar cle distributed under the terms of the Crea ve Commons A ribu on-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Interna onal License ( ) h p://crea vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribu on and reproduc on in any medium Meskipun ngkat fer litas menurun, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur masih menghadapi kebutuhan KB yang dak terpenuhi, sebagian besar penggunaan kontrasepsi masih bergantung pada metode jangka pendek. Oleh karena itu, pen ng untuk meneli faktorfaktor terkait yang mempengaruhi penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) dan metode permanen. Peneli an ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh sosio demografi, pengetahuan, otonomi perempuan dan kesuburan pada penggunaan MKJP di ngkat rumah tangga. Peneli an ini merupakan peneli an cross-sec onal, data berasal dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Sampel sejumlah 570 wanita usia subur (10-49 tahun) dengan status menikah yang masih menggunakan kontrasepsi metode apa pun. Variabel independen yaitu sosio demografi, pengetahuan, otonomi perempuan dan fer litas, dengan variabel dependen penggunaan MKJP. Analisa data menggunakan regresi logis k untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antar variabel.Diperoleh hasil bahwa penggunaan metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang dan permanen hanya 17% dibandingkan dengan metode jangka pendek. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan MKJP dalam analisis bivariat adalah usia, kepemilikan asuransi, pengetahuan keluarga berencana dan otonomi perempuan (nilai p<0,05). Sementara dalam analisis mul variat hanya otonomi perempuan dan kepemilikan asuransi yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan LAPM. Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya memasukkan program pemberdayaan perempuan dalam program keluarga berencana. 3 Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kependudukan BKKBN 4 Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana, Perwakilan Kalimantan Timur Women's ability to involve in family planning decision making has a posi ve impact on pregnancy spacing and reduced number of children, lead to greater benefits on the social and economic aspects. Opposite to this, if women have low autonomy in decision making, lead to unintended pregnancy and low use of modern contracep ve '''''' . concludes that independent and joint decision-making through communica on with partners about family planning use contributed substan ally to improving maternal health. Likewise ensuring access to family planning and allowing women to decide independently about the use of family planning methods was an important effort in preven ng unwanted pregnancy. Modern contracep ve uptake in Indonesia had been effec vely reducing the birthrate of the Indonesian popula on. An increasing trend in the uptake of modern contracep ves also achieved in the 2017 IDHS, from 60.3% (2002-2003), 61.4% (2007), 61.9% (2012) become 63.6% (2017). Despite it's increasing trend, the family planning program s ll facing the problem. IDHS 2017 showed among the fairly large number of unwanted pregnancy namely 7% and mis med was 8%. While compared to na onal data, East Kalimantan showed a greater number of unwanted pregnancies namely 11% and 9% mis med. Study of ' found that the probability of an accidental pregnancy among contracep ve pill users to range from 0.19 in Zimbabwe to 1.24 in Indonesia, confirm that uptake of short term contracep ve method related with the high number of unwanted pregnancies. This problem is made worse by the low uptake of long-ac ng and permanent methods (LAPMs), such as Intrauterine Devices/ IUD (4.7%) and implants (4.7%). Other women s ll choose injectable (29%), 12% choose pills, and 4.2 % choose coitus interruptus (IDHS, 2017). One of the efforts to prevent unwanted pregnancy was promo on of LAPMs. Various studies have shown some variables related to LAPMs contracep ve use. stated that if women had an autonomy, it will increase contracep ve use. This consistent with stated that contracep ve use is more likely in communi es where women have control over household decisions. Program Performance and Accountability Survey report in 2018 found that Indonesian women's knowledge about family planning in women of childbearing age was s ll lack. This could be seen from 28.4 % of women age 15-29 years who do not know about family planning methods, 6% worried/ afraid of family planning side effects, while the most group of women age 30-49 years stated that the number of children owned was depends on des ny (94.2%). Knowledge becomes important to be re-examined by the which showed that variables related to LAPMs were knowledge, acceptor a tude towards methods, and access to family h p://jurnal.htp.ac.id BACKGROUND 99 planning services with the most strongly factor related to the uptake of LAPMs was the acceptor's knowledge. Some research has been done to reveal the acceptance barriers of family planning programs in the community. In each fer lity control policy, women become the key determinant of success as well as a target group of programs. It s ll not obvious what effect the autonomy factor of women have on the use of long-term contracep ve methods at the household level. This study aimed to analyze the influence of sociodemographic, knowledge, women's autonomy and fer lity on LAPMs uptake at the household level. Keskom, Vol. 6, No. 1 April 2020


ABSTRACT We show that an exponential epigroup is a band of unipotent exponential epigroups (in which the set of idempotents forms a subsemigroup). Also, we investigate the structure of unipotent exponential epigroups. In addition, a characterization of the least normal band of groups congruence is given for an arbitrary medial epigroup. It is also shown that k-exponential eventually regular semigroups are necessarily epigroups.


A method for preparing a rubber compound comprising at least one first mixing step in which at least part of a cross- linkable polymer base is mixed at least with a reactive reinforcing filler, a dendrimer functionalized with polar groups adapted to interact with the reactive reinforcing filler and a nucleophile agent; and a subsequent mixing step in which the compound being prepared is mixed with a vulcanization system.


Improving environmental sustainability and reducing energy cost are becoming central topics of decision-making in manufacturing. Increasingly manufactures are looking for new solutions that allow them to become more energy efficient and sustainable. Regarding energy cost issue, it is well known that the electricity costs in manufacturing systems strongly depend on the reached peak power. On the other hand, the power required by a manufacturing system affects the adoption of renewable energy sources. The use of renewables, indeed, encompasses fluctuations in energy supply and requires adapting production processes to a power constraint. The article proposes a decision model for the scheduling in a job-shop manufacturing system that simultaneously deals with the power constraint and the variable speed of machine tools. Defining the maximum value of the usable power, decisions can be taken on production scheduling, by adapting the processing speed of several machines that work simultaneously, to the power availability. The model allows decision makers to plan production, taking into account the impossibility of exceeding a certain power and assuming the minimization of the makespan as an objective function. Managers can utilize the scheduling model in all the different contexts, where there is a power limit. The test cases show how the proposed model allows to obtain an efficient scheduling under a constant and variable power constraint. The findings highlight that the model can be employed to reduce the peak power and encourage the use of renewables in manufacturing systems, thus obtaining an efficient scheduling and a more sustainable production.


Saemisch Handbuch, p. 281) states "die Brillen fur Kurzsichtigkeit kamen erst um die Mitte des 16ste Jahrhunderts auf. Papst Leo X ist in 1457 mit seinem Konkav-glas von Rafael gemalt worden. In der Perspectiva Communis von Joannes Archiepisc. Cantuar., 1542, werden sie erlautert." Dr. Charles Singer also notes the coincidence and considers Peckham as possibly directly influenced by Bacon. He says of the former in. Vol. II. of his Studies in the History and Method of Science, 1921, that "his views are mainly derived from Al Hazen, though perhaps partly from Bacon. His work was important as having drawn wide attention to optical principles, and from the fact that he refers to the possibility of concave glasses." We have done our best to show that in coincidences of time and place we have much to support the intrinsic evidence of interaction between the two philosophers, though the final proof of priority of discovery, the date of publication, must of necessity be always lacking in data given to the world in manuscript only. In any case it is pleasant to reflect that, in spite of the accumulation ofignorance and prejudice which was the burden of the Middle Ages, there were already here and there men whose search for truth and whose interchange of ideas laid the foundation for our later learning and whose attitude of mind and practical knowledge bore a much greater resemblance to our own than we sometimes stop to think.


The focus of this research is to identify the original source of income in jambi city area, one of which is local taxes. Local taxes are an option in this study due to its enormous contribution to the original income of the region in the city of Jambi. This research aims to find out how much local tax growth, the effectiveness of local taxes, its contribution to the original income of the jambi city area and the classification of local taxes based on overlay theory. The method used is quantitative descriptive with data using secondary data. The results of the study showed the average growth of jambi city tax from 2018 to 2019 at 19.54%, with a contribution of 65.05%. The level of total local tax effectiveness is very effective in 2018 and 2019. The identification results showed that of the 9 (nine) regional tax sources 6 (six) were categorized as prime, 2 (two) potential and 1 (one) backward.


While extant research has outlined a list of strategic factors that might pressure organizations to adopt family-friendly programs, little work has been undertaken to develop a systemic understandi...


Abstract : The objective of this AFOSR DURIP (Defense University Research Instrumentation Program) grant was to establish experimental capabilities for quantifying material responses under highly dynamic conditions. The parent grant with which this grant is associated is entitled "Time-Resolved Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of Granular Materials". The capabilities have been established and have been used in the research. A state-of-the-art laser interferometer system has been acquired to allow simultaneous measurement of surface velocities at four independent points. This aspect exceeded the original goal of two independent measurements. This multi-channel VISAR system provides two-dimensional time-resolved motion measurement capability necessary for the full characterization of deformation states in pressure-shear impact experiments. This novel capability is the first of its kind in a university in the United States. Along with Georgia Tech's internal stress (PVDF gauge) diagnostics for plate impact experiments acquired separately under an Army Research Office (ARO) grant, this VISAR system has allowed the constitutive and failure behaviors of concrete and mortar to be characterized in the parent grant. The capabilities established are novel in nature and will allow the constitutive, failure, post-failure, and interfacial behavior of materials at very high strain rates to be investigated in current as well as future AFOSR and DoD research.


The fact that inclusively produced hyperons are produced with significant polarization was first discovered at Fermilab about seventeen years ago. This and subsequent experiments showed that [Lambda][degree] were produced polarized while [bar [Lambda] [degree]] had no polarization in the same kinematical region. This set the stage for many experiments which showed that most hyperons are produced polarized. Recent Fermilab experiments have showed that this phenomena is even more complex than previously thought and theoretical understanding is still lacking. Nevertheless polarized hyperon beams have been an extremely useful experimental tool in measuring hyperon magnetic moments and hyperon [beta]-decay. Recently, hyperon radiative decays have been studied and magnetic moment precession of channeled particles in bent crystals has been observed.


The article is devoted to the study of author's individual style from the point of view of linguocultural conceptology, which combines linguocultural and cognitive approaches in order to study the features of the author's way of verbalizing socially important concepts. The material of the works of the famous Chilean writer Isabel Allende has been alkalized to illustrate lexical and semantic features of her individual style, reflecting the social and historical realities through the author's worldview. The methods of linguocultural science and cognitive conceptual linguistics have been combined in the research, helping to realize the correspondence of objective and subjective worldview in the individual author's style. The article deals with the differences between the linguistics terms "linguistic personality", "individual style" and "idiolect" and scientific approaches to their study. It is determined that the peculiarities of I. Allende's novels are the use of a considerable number of lexical units for the designation of geographical, biological and everyday realities, reflecting the specifics of the people's life. The description of spiritual,philosophical and religious concepts through the use of expressively and value-colored vocabulary reflects deeply the peculiarities of the people's worldview. In the course of the semantic-cognitive analysis of the lexical units inherent in the writer's works, it has been found out that the individual author's world view does not in any way harm the reproduction of the common national and cultural people's heritage, since the author is a carrier of a common conceptual sphere, formed in his consciousness due to the society where he/she lives. The verbalization of socially significant concepts in the writer's novels is determined by her moral, ethical and value attitudes inherent in most members of the society.


Based on the differential quadrature method and the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform, an adjoint sensitivity method is described for the evaluation of the time domain sensitivity of networks which include coupled uniform and nonuniform transmission lines. The sensitivity can be calculated with respect to network components and parameters of transmission lines. Examples and comparisons with sensitivity determined by perturbation are presented


The crystal structure of cubic single crystals of (N(CH/sub 3/)/sub 4/)/sub 2/(NH/sub 4/)(VW/sub 5/O/sub 19/) grown from aqueous solution was solved using three-dimensional diffractometer data (Syntex P2/sub 1/ autodiffractometer, Mo K/alpha/ radiation, 243 reflections) and refined to R = 0.069, space group. Fm3m, a = 13.824(4) /angstrom/, V = 2641.8 /angstrom//sup 3/, Z = 4. The main fragments in the structure are: (a) the isopolyanion M/sub 6/O/sub 19/ (M is a statistical distribution of five W atoms and one V atom), composed of six edge-sharing octahedra of oxygens; (b) the NH/sub 4/ group, situated inside an octahedron contacting the six surrounding isopolyanions of M/sub 6/O/sub 19/ through terminal oxygens; and (c) the tetramethylammonium ion, N(CH/sub 3/)/sub 4//sup +/, situated in the center of a multifaced polyhedron. The M/sub 6/O/sub 19/ ions and NH/sub 4/ octahedra form a three-dimensional framework. The N(CH/sub 3/)/sub 4//sup +/ ions are located in the center of large voids. The vibrational spectra (IR and laser Raman) of the compound were investigated. The possibility of using IR spectra for the identification of mixed sixth-order isopolyanions in various salts was demonstrated.


A 41-year-old woman with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia was treated twice with idarubicin hydrochloride and cytarabine. She developed a 6-cm-long stricture in the lower esophagus 12 days after re-induction therapy. Although she had preceding candida infection, it is suspected that her stricture was caused by mucosal damage due to chemotherapeutic agents. This case suggests that the possibility of esophageal stricture should be considered in patients with swallowing disturbance after intensive chemotherapy.


The cationic exchange capacities of organic matter and clay in ferrallitic forest soils of Ivory Coast was estimated with two dtrerent methods : Multiple linear regression relating the soi1 exchange capacity with clay and organic matter contents, Comparisons of soi1 exchange capacities before and after organic exchange complex destroying by ignition at moderate temperature. Results achieved by both methods indicate the importance of organic exchange complexes in organic horizons of these soils. However a great dtflerence exists between ferrallitic soi1 humus under moist evergreen * Maître de Recherches B I'ORSTOM Centre d'Adiopodoumé, B.P. 20 Côte d'ivoire.


.. I began my public health career as M.O.H. of the County Borough of Bootle in June, 1911. During my nine years there, many of the services which are now commonplace were started. They included infant welfare, ante-natal, school and venereal disease clinics and a tuberculosis dispensary. There was much poverty and malnutrition. Infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough and gastro-enteritis were prevalent and often fatal. Smallpox was frequently introduced. '


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed into an indispensible diagnostic tool in medicine. MRI has also demonstrated immense potential for researchers who are making progress in every aspect of this modality expanding its applications into uncharted territories. Computational techniques have made major contributions to MRI enabling detection of minute signals from human brain. Functional MRI (fMRI) offers imaging of the mind as well as the brain in the same session. Complex computational tools are used to visualize brain networks that offer a new powerful tool to study the brain and its disorders. Functional connectivity (fc) maps using resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) is computed by detecting temporal synchronicity of neuronal activation patterns of anatomically separated brain regions. But, a great deal of technological advancement, both in hardware and software, had to be made to make computation of brain networks possible. The critical technologies that made computational modeling of functional brain networks possible were high quality gradients for implementation of distortion free fMRI, faster pulse sequences and radio frequency (RF) coils to capture the fluctuation frequency of neuronal activity, and complex post processing computation of brain networks. rsfMRI is capable of detecting brain function that mediate high cognitive processes in normal brain. We aim to ultimately detect the disruption of this mediation in psychiatric patients. We have already obtained functional connectivity in normal subjects using fMRI data during resting state. We did this as a function of spatial resolution to explore the required computational sources and susceptibility effects on the sensitivity of fMRI to anatomic specialization. We provide a conceptual summary of the role of computational techniques in fMRI data analysis. In exploring this question, ultimately MRI's capability in accessing information at the neuronal level comes to surface. We use latest computational tools for analysis of data from human brain and offer a vision for future developments that could revolutionize the use of computational techniques in making neuropsychiatry a quantitative practice.


Senecio (61–115? ce) was one of the most prominent figures in Roman political and cultural life during the reign of Trajan.

Keywords:

cultural history;
military history;
Roman history


Facial spasm was hard to cure well,but applied with the method of Xuanzhen combined with Touzhen could receive excellent therapeutic effect.Metal restraining wood,enriching yin and subduing yang and calming down liver wind were capital principle and route.


A model of multicriteria decision making is developed taking into account the reliability of the data obtained. To formalize the information containing the data and assess their reliability, Z-numbers are used, the definition of which was given by Lotfie Zadeh in 2011. Most of the well-known decision models based on Z-numbers are limited by the assumption of a probabilistic assessment of the reliability of the data, which significantly narrows the scope of these models. This article partially removes the restrictive requirements when working with Z-numbers. For components of Z-numbers, aggregate indicators are calculated using a-cuts, based on which the similarity indicator between Z-numbers is determined. Choosing the best alternative is based on the minimum indicator of similarity with the ideal alternative. A numerical example is presented that shows the operation of the model and its effectiveness under conditions of multi-criteria selection.


In this paper by using a nice criterion, we show that the perturbation of identity operators by some multiples of the standard backward shift is hypercyclic. This gives a new proof for Salas Theorem in ( (10 ), Theorem 3.3).


The objective of this work was to evaluate the biometric and physiological characteristics of diaspores (carcerulide: seeded seed fruit) of Echium plantagineum harvested at different times, and the influence of diaspores storage on seed germination and viability. A 5 x 2 factorial was used to evaluate fruit harvesting times (03/Oct, 18/Oct, 01/Nov, 15/ Nov and 01/Dec) and dormancy break treatment (presence or absence). The diaspores were submitted to physiological quality evaluation through tests of germination, germination speed index and seed viability after each harvested and after storage for six months, as well as their biometric characterization. The fruits produced at the beginning of the reproductive period present have larger dimensions and larger mass, occurring seeds dormancy before fruit dispersal. There is variation in the germination of E. plantagineum seeds during the fruit harvesting periods, which may be related to genetic and environmental factors. Seed dormancy is broken with storage for six months and immersion in potassium nitrate (0.2%) for 12-h and gibberellic acid (500 mg L-1) for 48-h.


What we call the Anti-GUT model is extended a bit to include also righthanded neutrinos and thus make use of the see-saw mechanism for neutrino masses. This model consists in assigning gauge quantum numbers to the known Weyl fermions and the three see-saw right-handed neutrinos. Each family (generation) is given its own Standard Model gauge fields and a gauge field coupled to the B −L quantum number for that family alone. Further we assign a rather limited number of Higgs fields, so as to break these gauge groups down to the Standard Model gauge group and to fit, w.r.t. order of magnitude, the spectra and mixing angles of the quarks and leptons. We find a rather good fit, which for neutrino oscillations favours the small mixing angle MSW solution, although the mixing angle predicted is closest to the upper side of the uncertainty range for the measured solar neutrino mixing angle. An idea for making a "finetuning"-principle to "explain" the large ratios found empirically in physics, and answer such questions as "why is the weak scale low compared to the Planck scale?", is proposed. A further very speculative extension is supposed to "explain" why we have three families.


The present study investigated the prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in different food sources collected from retail shops and markets in Vadapalani, Chennai. All S. aureus isolates were resistant to methicillin, and 93.75 % of them were multidrug resistant. The S. aureus isolates were typed by UPGMA method based on antibiotic resistance pattern observed. Approximately five homologous resistance groups (HRGs) were observed in typing the isolates.


Wolfram [2, p. 707] and Cook [1, p. 3] claim to prove that a (2,5) Turing machine (2 states, 5 symbols) is universal, via a universal cellular automaton known as Rule 110. The first part of this paper points out a critical gap in their argument. The second part bridges the gap, thereby giving what appears to be the first proof of universality.


The key to properly diagnosing cleaning and sanitation problems is identifying the types of bacteria present in bulk tank milk. Periodic culturing of bulk tank milk is also an essential tool to diagnose milk quality issues related to mastitis. These methods are described in greater detail in Reinemann et al. (2002) and Ruegg and Reinemann (2002). Collection of the type of bulk tank culture data presented here should be a routine practice on any farm concerned with product quality, especially those learning to use new technology such as automatic milking. If the dairy producer is not sufficiently motivated to acquire this type of data, it would behoove milk quality consultants to use these methods to correctly diagnose the source of elevated bacteria counts and solve these problems in an expeditious manner, before they become a crisis.


In this paper, we propose an efficient extrapolation cascadic multigrid (EXCMG) method combined with 25-point difference approximation to solve the three-dimensional biharmonic equation. First, through applying Richardson extrapolation and quadratic interpolation on numerical solutions on current and previous grids, a third-order approximation to the finite difference solution can be obtained and used as the iterative initial guess on the next finer grid. Then we adopt the bi-conjugate gradient (Bi-CG) method to solve the large linear system resulting from the 25-point difference approximation. In addition, an extrapolation method based on midpoint extrapolation formula is used to achieve higher-order accuracy on the entire finest grid. Finally, some numerical experiments are performed to show that the EXCMG method is an efficient solver for the 3D biharmonic equation.


A misdiagnosis of a Down Syndrome fetus during prenatal care could cause a malpractice lawsuit. It was searched for the practice of tests procedures in different countries and tried to determined standard care on that subject in Turkey. The practice for the test procedures in different countries was evaluated in order to determine standard care on this subject in Turkey


Two constitutive models for concrete are discussed. For short-term loads, the orthotropic variable modulus model is described, and for long-term loads a viscoelastic model utilizing a Dirichlet series approximation for the creep compliance function is summarized. The orthotropic variable modulus model is demonstrated in an analysis of a PCRV head with penetrations. The viscoelastic model is illustrated with a simulation of a prestressed concrete cylinder subject to non-uniform temperatures.


visual content and find images in the database. this paper has been propose a novel approach to CBIR system based on prime's histogram of the color image .This paper describe a project that implements by using Matlab and test three techniques depend on the simple color histogram based search and retrieve algorithm for images. The study find the technique to be effective between the three techniques that used.


Lines 6 and 7 need to be referenced. Coastal flooding is a very important hazard derived from mean sea level rise, however, many other climate change-related hazards pose important impacts (e.g., temperature). Also, the storm surge intensification has caused some debate in the literature. The abstract needs to be updated to include the results from the Marseille tide gauge. For instance, line 9 states that 96 years of data is used, which is not true for the case of the Marseille tide gauge (line 103). Line 15. What do you mean by "Actualized"?


Practical techniques for producing both Hilbert and wavelet transform representations of peak frequency are given. Peak frequency-time plots of simple model signals are produced using both transforms and are presented and compared. This study shows that the peak frequency-time plots produced using the wavelet transform are superior to those produced using the Hilbert transform since the wavelet representation does not show large false frequency indications when the model time series undergoes a large abrupt frequency change. Further, when multiple dominant frequencies are present in the model time series, the wavelet based peak frequency-time plot more clearly identifies the higher of the dominant frequencies while the Hilbert based peak frequency-time plot is affected by the lower frequency and leads to less clear results.


Decentralized energy sources implement reactive power control strategies to reduce deviations of voltage magnitudes from nominal values at low- and medium-voltage levels. This paper studies the dynamics of a single Q(U)-controlled power converter that is connected to a grid. After introducing a model for converters that operate as current sources, a small-signal stability analysis is performed considering the influence of the reactive power control parameterization as well as grid parameter variations. Thus, the effects of crucial parameters on system stability are discussed for stiff and weak power grids from a control engineering point of view. Finally, the analytical results are validated by means of exemplary computer simulations.


Allah (Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala) has instructed mankind to eat healthy and permissible food as narrated in Al-Quran. In accordance with Maqasid as-Shari'ah, it is considered as daruriyyah to ensure the safety of food as an act of protecting life. Therefore, application of antibacterial agent on food aims to improve the consumers' health and control the herd immunity. Plant seed is a newly emerged alternative as a source of antibacterial agents. Commonly discarded, the utilization of plant seed is not only to reduce environmental waste issue, but also as economical benefit to many industries. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on whether antibacterial test, toxicity, and application of various plant seed extracts potentially contribute to the efficacy of the seed. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial activity assay of the plant seed, including end point and descriptive methods, its acute, subacute and chronic toxicities, and application of the plant seed on food and textiles industries. This review was conducted using various science-based platforms, such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Emerald etc. The keywords 'antibacterial', 'antibacterial seed', 'seed extract' and 'toxicity seed' were used in this search.


Mackerel is the main catch for large mackerel/scad purse seine vessels operated in the waters southwest of Taiwan main catch, accounting for about 56%, its main fishing grounds are in the waters along the 200 m contours from Taiwan with toward southwest direction. Currently in this sea area near the main fishing mackerel is Danish seine, which is proximity to coastal fisheries around 200m isobath waters near Taiwan and the Penghu archipelago. The information indicated that catch of Scomber japonica ratio is more than that of Scomber australasicus ratio and is about 82:18 in southwestern waters off Taiwan. The results obtained from the Danish seine for carrying out the GAM model analysis for CPUE of Scomber japonica and Scomber australasicus indicates that annual, monthly, surface temperature and bottom depth have the significant relationships with both species. Scomber australasicus in this model could explain 42.6% of the residuals, the highest migratory amount in the surface temperature 24℃ while above 28℃has the lowest migratory amount, and the bottom depth of approximately 120 m also has the highest migratory amount. And Scomber japonica in the same model could explain 50.3% of the residuals, the migratory amount gradually decreased from 1997 to 2001, while that increased gradually from 2002 to 2006, but gradually reduced again from 2007 to 2010. The migratory amount is highest in surface temperature about 24~25℃, also highest in the bottom depth of approximately 120 m. From the satellite surface temperature chart shows when the mainland coastal waters approach shelf break front, and the Kuroshio does not completely subsided, Scomber japonica has the highest migratory amount.


The class of physical problems of metal structures subject to rapid, large amplitude loads, such as occurs when they are submitted to an explosion blast, involves large deformations and inelastic action. Current state of art in explicit dynamic Finite Element Analysis codes require time steps limited by stability requirements rather than by accuracy. For very high rate processes, accuracy would require a very small time step so that the stability limit does not penalize. Acceptable accuracy may not require such small steps if implicit methods are considered. The implicit methods used in quasi-static analysis, however, require the solution of large systems of equations, and several such systems must be solved at each time step to satisfy the dynamic equilibrium when using Newton iteration. The direct matrix solvers that are used incur in computational costs that grow as n n$, where n is number of degrees-of-freedom and nl is the band of the front width, thus resulting in prohibitive costs for very large problems. In this work, the use of higher order, implicit time integration and matrix-free solution of the system of equations is explored, Computational efficiency of explicit codes is combined with the inherent stability of implicit methods.


Flows around tandem square cylinders at Re = 100 are numerically studied using a characteristic-based penalty operator splitting finite element method based on a multistep algorithm. The validation of the code and numerical method is performed for flows around single square cylinders. L/D effects (with L being the center-to-center distance and D being the square cylinder width) on the flow structures and parameters are investigated for 1.5 ≤ L/D ≤ 9.0. The flow structures, especially far downstream of the square cylinder, indicate six distinct flow regimes. The two-layered vortex formation (TVF) and secondary vortices formation (SVF) modes are defined, and their mechanisms are analyzed. The evolution of TVF into SVF proceeds through the combination of single and binary vortex formations. Variations in the physical flow parameters, including the coefficients of fluctuating lift (CL′), time-averaged drag (CD), and amplitude lift (CLA), as well as the Strouhal number and phase lag (ϕ), are analyzed for various L/D values. Obvious jumps in the flow parameters occur at both square cylinders for L/D = 4.4–4.5 because of vortex impingement. Finally, insight into the physics underlying the relationship between CL−upA, CL−up′, and ϕ is derived from the simulation results. The local maximum and minimum of CL−upA and CL−up′ occur at ϕ = 2π and 3π, respectively, corresponding to in-phase and anti-phase vortex shedding by the cylinders. The pressures on the upper and lower sides of the upstream square cylinder decrease and increase, respectively, leading to reductions in CL−upA and CL−up′ as the flow pattern changes from in-phase to anti-phase.


Relevance . An in-depth study of the state of feto-placental complex, the characteristics of its reactions in response to hypoxia on the background of juvenile immaturity of minors can help to identify the main directions of the prevention of certain complications of pregnancy and childbirth among minors in the first place — placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, fetal hypoxia. Purpose of the study was to explore features of the histological structure of placentas and expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-A markers in placentas in minors. Materials and methods . 74 placentas from minors were investigated by histological methods. The comparison group consisted of 25 placentas from healthy women the average reproductive age (20-30 years). The immunohistochemical study was performed in 35 placentas from minors who were divided into groups according to age and the presence or absence of chronic placental insufficiency. To study vascular status of villous tree of placentas were used the monoclonal antibodies of the vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-A (Clone UG1; 1 : 50, Dako), to assess hypoxia in placenta were used the monoclonal antibodies of hypoxia — inducible factor HIF-1α (H1 alpha 67; 1 : 100, GRTP (Abcam). Results . It was revealed that the placenta in minors is characterized by hypertrophy (559,5 ± 10,5 g vs. 478,7 ± 12,9 g), it is pathologically immature (33,8% vs. 7,0%), there is significantly greater frequency of chronic placental insufficiency in minors (33,8% versus 4,0%) with significantly lower severity of compensatory-adaptive reactions (86,5% vs. 100%). It is shown increased expression of hypoxia — inducible factor (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in placentas of minor women with chronic placental insufficiency, compared with placentas of minor women without chronic placental insufficiency. Conclusion . Chronic placental insufficiency at the time of birth, detectable more frequently in minor patients can make a difference in violation of adaptive mechanisms and quality of life of children in the postnatal period. Increased expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-A in the placentas of minor women with chronic placental insufficiency reflects activation of angiogenesis in response to intrauterine fetal hypoxia in chronic placental insufficiency.


The SMTP standard was originally published in 1982 and has since then become one of the mostly used methods for data communication. Since its publication the standard has been modified with many extensions intended to handle security issues. A selection of the most common security issues that surfaces when these extensions are used in practice is identified and discussed in relation to confidentiality, integrity, availability, and authentication. The complexity of the current situation makes it clear why organizations, mail service providers, and users have great difficulty in securely managing their email systems. Most email systems are vulnerable and cause serious security risks for individuals, organizations, and societies. The risks have grown to be critical for the digitization of our societies.


Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) provide a number of potential advantages over conventional dosage forms such as injectables and oral delivery. However, the major drawback of TDDS is the permeability of the skin, it is permeable to small molecules, lipophilic drugs and highly impermeable to macromolecules and hydrophilic drugs. Stratum corneum (SC) is the main barrier and rate-limiting step for diffusion of drugs across the skin. Recent approaches in modulating vesicle compositions have been investigated to develop systems that are capable of carrying drugs and macromolecules to deeper tissues. These approaches have resulted in the design of two novel vesicular carriers, ethosomes and ultraflexible lipid-based elastic vesicles, transferosomes Key word: Transdermal drug delivery, Transferosomes, Skin, Stratum corneum..


The presence of a 2D electron gas (2DEG) in GaN/AlxGa1–xN heterostructures with low aluminum mole fraction is found to depend on the residual background impurity concentration in the GaN/AlGaN layer stack. At a residual donor level of 2 × 1016 cm−3, a 2DEG is absent at 300 K in dark environment. Such a 2DEG can be generated at the GaN/AlGaN interface either by illumination with ultraviolet light or by applying an electrostatic potential. The latter results in inherently normally‐off switching characteristics of lateral field‐effect transistors.


Chemical peeling is the application of a chemo-exfoliant (caustic chemical agent) on the skin to produce a controlled, partial-thickness injury. On healing, the subsequent deposits of the new dermal connective tissues will result in the rejuvenation of the skin. Since Brown and colleagues 1 first popu-larized the techniques of facial chemical peeling in the early 1960s. The various types and concentrations of peeling solutions have bene used by facial plastic surgeons in the treatment of facial skin problems. Positive results have been achieved consistently in the softening of rhytids, removal of actinic keratoses and hyperpigmentation, and improvement of skin texture. Recent work


There have been three stages and three leaps in the development of Marxism in the history of socialism in China, which brought about three theoretical products: Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, and the thought of "Three Representations". While Mao Zedong Thought is Marxism of Chinese style, Deng Xiaoping Theory contemporary Marxism of China, the thought of "Three Representations" may be regarded as the newest product of Marxism in China.


Of the policy options mentioned in the Commission's Green Paper on policy options for a European contract law (COM(2010)348 final), the introduction of an Optional Instrument on European Contract Law (OI) is to be preferred from an economic, political and legal perspective. Initially, the OI should only deal with topics of general contract law, but rules on other topics should gradually be added to the OI, also from property law. As a consequence of these additions, however, the disadvantages of the instrument will make themselves felt more and more, and in the long run another instrument for harmonisation/unification will have to be found. Note: downloadable document is in Dutch.


The utility model discloses a novel knee joint recovery protective tool which comprises an adjusting device and protective arms arranged on two end portions of the adjusting device. The adjusting device comprises a shell, a fixing piece, a lock piece and an adjusting part, wherein the fixing piece and the lock piece are arranged in the shell, and the adjusting part is arranged on the side portion of the shell. Each protective arm comprises an adjusting arm, a support arm and an adjusting button, wherein the adjusting button drives the support arm to move on the adjusting arm. The novel knee joint recovery protective tool is reasonable and simple in structural design, and convenient to use and operate. The adjusting part on the adjusting device is used for adjusting an included angle between the two protective arms, and the adjusting button is convenient for adjusting the length of each protective arm to adapt to needs of a patient.


Water management is a burning issue in Air Breathing Fuel Cells (ABFC). Flooding and dehydration are the two main degradation mechanisms that occur when water management is not adequate. In this paper, experimental studies on air breathing fuel cell with ducted and planar design on cathode side were studied, including experiments with three different ratios of cathode open area with each design, varying the channel dimensions in the ducted design and varying the current collecting and the open area in the planar design. In ducted design the mass transfer limitations and flooding can be reduced with wider channels, where as in planar design larger opening area reduce the mass transfer limitations however wide channels require a rigid gas diffusion backing with current collecting ducts. The effect of varying hydrogen flow rate, various cell orientations, various ambient temperatures of both ducted and planar designs were compared.


The authors analyze the views on a career, career success and a place of a career in the life of youth. Based on the survey results, the authors characterize the phenomenon of career among young people.


The governing equations for bending of multilayered sandwich, plates are developed by variational methods. The plate is considered to be composed of n membranes, having different thicknesses and possessing different isotropic elastic properties, and (n-1) orthotropic cores. The variation of stresses across the membranes is neglected as are the face-parallel stresses in the core. These assumptions are consistent with those usually employed when treating sandwich plates as thin plates. The energy functional is formulated with the stresses considered as independent variables and the stress resultants are introduced as constraint conditions utilizing Lagrange multipliers. It is possible to identify a neutral surface in such a manner that the equation defining deflection of the plate may be obtained in a similar form as that obtained by Reissner and Cheng. It is shown that existing solutions for either Reissner's equation for a single sandwich with an isotropic core or Cheng's equation for a single sandwich with an orthotropic core may be extended to include similar multilayer sandwich plates by redefining the physical constants of the plate.


The conceptual design of a petroleum refinery that satisfies multiple economics and operating constraints is a highly complex task. Coupled with the ever-rising cost of designing and constructing a new refinery and the increasing demand for energy and fuels, there is incentive to optimize the energy recovery and energy efficiency of such a facility. This work addresses the flowsheet optimization of the synthesis of a petroleum refinery to attain an optimal heat-integrated configuration or topology. A sequential two-step strategy is employed that first performs simultaneous flowsheet optimization and heat integration to obtain an optimal refinery topology with minimum utility cost. Subsequently, the fixed optimal topology with minimum utility loads is optimized to arrive at a configuration with the fewest heat exchanger units. A mixed-integer linear program (MILP) is formulated based on a superstructure representation that considers many alternative feasible refinery topologies. The computational results show meaningful reduction in the total annualized capital and operating costs as compared to a non-heat-integrated configuration.


Medium power silicon controlled rectifiers have been exposed to a maximum integrated fastneutron flux of 4 x 1013 nvt. An increase in the current required to turn on thie controlled rectifier and an increase in the break-over voltage were observed after irradiation. The saturation voltage increased as a result of irradiation, exceeding 200 volts at an integrated fast neutron flux of 4 x 1013 nvt. These changes are attributed to a decrease of the minority carrier lifetime as reflected by a decrease in alpha.


Membrane processes have been successfully employed for treatment of a large number of industrial effluents. Reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) are versatile separation and purification tools for the process industries. Both of these techniques are based on the ability of pressure-driven filtration membranes to separate multi-component fluids based on molecular size, shape, and chemical composition. A series of publications' have discussed the principles of RO and UF processes for fractionation and concentration of oily and pulping effluents. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration are low-energy physicochemical processes which provide a n attractive alternative for treatment of various industrial effluents. These offer the advantage of being simple hydraulic processes, since no chemical reaction, phase change or dilution steps are required. Membrane performance data are discussed in this article for two industrial applications: oil-water emulsion separation; and fractionation and concentration of Kraft pulping effluents. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration are two of the family of separation processes dependent on the use of selective porous membranes for accomplishing molecular separations. Ultrafiltration is the process of filtering solute molecules or particles at least one to two orders of magnitude larger than the solvent molecules. Reverse osmosis, on the other hand, refers to filtering solute molecules of the same order of magnitude as those of t h e solvent. Relatively "tight" membranes are used in RO concentrating systems. UF contrasts sharply with RO in that relatively "open" membranes with little or no capability for sodium chloride rejection are employed.


According to the literature, microorganisms of the genus Kocuria are becoming widespread, but not as avirulent representatives of the normal microbiota of the human body, but as pathogens.
Recently, after the identification of the causative agents of infectious and inflammatory processes, various types of Kocuria have been included in the list of etiological agents isolated from patients with cholecystitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, and meningitis as well as from carious tooth cavities and post-extraction tooth sockets. Bacteria of the genus Kocuria possess pathogenicity that enables them to play an important role in the occurrence of infectious and inflammatory processes in various organs and systems of the human body. Given that antibiotics are the most commonly used drugs of choice in medical and dental practice for the treatment of infections and inflammations, antibiotic resistance is considered as a global health and development threat.
In order to overcome the challenge of antibiotic resistance, antiseptics, a group of medicines with a pronounced antimicrobial effect, are being increasingly used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial and antiadhesive activity of dekasan, and drugs of comparison, chlorhexidine and iodoform, against clinical isolates of Kocuria spp. isolated from the oral cavity of patients with infectious inflammatory post-extraction complications. Materials and methods: five clinical isolates of Kocuria spp. were studied as microorganisms isolated from patients, who received the treatment for infectious and inflammatory post-extraction complications at the medical and surgical departments of Poltava Regional Center of Stomatology – Dental Polyclinic. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBcC) of antiseptics against clinical isolates of Kocuria spp. taking into account ISO recommendations. The adhesive properties of clinical isolates of Kocuria spp. were assessed by exposing them to subbacteriostatic concentrations of antiseptics, namely dekasan, chlorhexidine, and iodoform. The evaluation was conducted using erythrocytes of blood group 1(0) Rh+ and considering the index of microorganism adhesion (IAM) following the method developed by V. I. Brillis. The results obtained have demonstrated variations in the antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities among the tested antiseptics, dekasan, chlorhexidine, and iodoform.


This article discusses a bilinear immersed finite element (IFE) space for solving second‐order elliptic boundary value problems with discontinuous coefficients (interface problem). This is a nonconforming finite element space and its partition can be independent of the interface. The error estimates for the interpolation of a Sobolev function indicate that this IFE space has the usual approximation capability expected from bilinear polynomials. Numerical examples of the related finite element method are provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2008


I investigate the effect of Affirmative Action in higher education on both study effort choice and college placement outcomes for high school students. I model college admissions as a Bayesian game where heterogeneous students compete for seats at col- leges and universities of varying prestige. There is an allocation mechanism mapping each student's achieved test score into a seat at some college. A color-blind mechanism ignores race, whereas Affirmative Action mechanisms may give preferential treatment to minori- ties in a variety of ways. The particular form of the mechanism determines how students' study effort is linked with their payoff, playing a key roll in shaping their behavior. I use the model to evaluate the ability of a given college admission policy to mini- mize racial academic gaps—the achievement gap and the college enrollment gap—and to promote academic achievement overall. I also compare alternative policies against one another in terms of these criteria; namely, color-blind admissions, quotas, and admission preferences. These policies have very different effects on effort, achievement gaps, and allocation of college admissions in equilibrium. Compared to color-blind allocations, a simple admission preference such as the one previously used in undergraduate admis- sions at the University of Michigan is unambiguously detrimental to effort incentives, and is ineffective at helping minorities gain admittance to better colleges. A Quota performs better than a Michigan-style admission preference, with some positive and some nega- tive effects on effort and achievement gaps. By design, a quota eliminates the college enrollment gap completely. Both policies widen the achievement gap among the best and brightest students.


Recent results in secular evolution of galaxies show that bars involve into thick structures responsible for the boxy shape of some edge-on galaxies. However, a few galaxies, like NGC 4762, seem to possess thin bar. Our CCD observations suggest that the structure regarded as a bar could be the remnant of a merging with a small satellite while the lens could be a thick disc like those produced in N-body simulations of Quinn et al. (1993). Thus NGC 4762 might not be a barred galaxy


As a result of the processes of globalisation and of technological revolution, markets now transcend countries' physical borders. Increasingly interconnected, borderless and digitalised global markets, thus, tend to develop mass markets, increase the integration of enterprises and so produce goods and provide services that are readily accessible for consumers. Easy access improves knowledge transfer and raises economic efficiencies and expectations. However, there are also downsides. The ever-diminishing distinction between goods and services in these markets poses a threat to the diversity of goods and services and, consequently, to small market players at both country and company level. Thus, the rise of anti-competitive cross-border economic activities such as collusion, international mergers and filling dominant positions gives reason to pause and revisit the relationship between competition and trade from the perspective of African countries, where national markets are generally small and where small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the majority of market players. While economic analysis of trade on its own often assumes static models, attention to competition and especially to the interface between trade and competition and between its laws and policies reveals possibilities of enhancing the focus on the diversification and development of productive capabilities that are crucial for the economic development of the small-scale national market players, and inclusive growth, within most African states. In this chapter we present such a perspective to economic policymaking in part by distinguishing between trade and competition at the level of economic activity (section 2) and trade and competition laws (section 3) when discussing their interrelations. We illustrate the latter by evaluating whether and to what extent the behaviour of cross-border economic operators is currently disciplined, with a specific focus on South Africa, one of Africa's largest economies. South Africa has a well-articulated policy architecture for trade and competition; is a party to both major southern African regional agreements, the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC); and is involved in recent initiatives directed at African integration. We then conclude the chapter (section 4).


The main purpose of this paper is the analysis of cloistered communities from the point of view of the workspaces and infrastructure in the monastic site, and how conditioned the lives of monks and lay workers who formed the monastic family. Also intends to integrate in this research contributions of archeology in recent decades, serving of review for the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle and Modern Ages. The result is a view of the monastery as a complex in which around the cloistered space, the scope of the monks, a working and productive space extends mainly attended by the laity who were in the service of the cloister.


A multiperiod mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is presented for the planning of an optimal investment policy for the gradual retrofit of chemical plants over a specified time frame. This approach can be applied when the available funds are insufficient to perform the optimal reconstruction in one step. Through gradual improvements, the process progressively approaches its optimum with considerably lower requirements for new capital, while still exhibiting an attractive increase in economic performance. In the proposed multiperiod problem for gradual retrofit, certain amounts of capital enter into the time periods for the gradual increase of equipment in order to improve the performance of the process, e.g., to lead to an increase in conversion or energy recovery. This capital may arise from internal sources within the company or can be borrowed. The financial benefits resulting from the improvements at the end of the time period can be reinvested for the additional reconstruction over the next development phases. In this way, self-sustained capital generation for future reconstruction is achieved, and any additional funds required are minimized. The objective function of the proposed problem is formulated as the net present worth of the gradually retrofitted system. This enables several techno-economic analyses to be performed. The proposed multiperiod investment strategies are illustrated by an investment planning example for the retrofit of a heat-exchanger network.


Abstract In this paper, we provide a reflection upon the influence of the Swanwick–Tillman (ST) model (1986) from the perspectives of music research in Aotearoa New Zealand. In this paper we take stock of where music education in New Zealand currently sits in relation to the Swanwick Tillman theory of musical development. We examine the strengths and the weakness of the model 35 years on to ask what it might still offer music educators in a context where issues of culture and colonisation have taken centre stage. We also reflect upon the impact of a visit to New Zealand by Keith Swanwick in 1989. Despite the postmodern or colonial critiques we might make now, we consider if the model may still signify a holistic way of conceiving music development and might still have implications for curriculum design and curriculum making in the 21st century.


Among all the sorrows and anxieties of the present crisis in human affairs, none has caused so much consternation to thoughtful people as the open and scornful repudiation, by two of the most civilized nations of Europe, of all the moral principles, all the decent conventions, which for two thousand years have enabled human societies to live together in some degree of contentment and security. Almost all things which once seemed sacred and immutable have now become unsettled—truth and humanity, justice and reason. An apprehension of impending doom, of the break up of a great civilization, has become general.


At scaled nodes, Back End of Line (BEOL) interconnect resistance increases super-linearly and creates performance and energy bottlenecks. While it is known that metal resistance deceases with temperature, understanding and quantifying the behavior of interconnects from a foundry process design kit (PDK) at low temperature is critical for designing circuits and systems operating at cryogenic temperatures including Quantum and Superconducting Computers and other High-Performance Systems. In this letter we use parametric path based ring oscillators along with reference ring oscillators and Metal-on-Metal Capacitors for 22nm Fully Depleted Silicon on Insulator to measure RC delays of BEOL elements from room temperature to 4.2K. The extracted resistance of the elements show reduction of up to 30% for M1/M2, 33% for M3-M6 and 19% for Via1. With simple assumptions for interconnect structure, we perform least-squares fit of Fuchs-Sondheimer-Mayadas-Shatzkes (FS-MS) models with line-Edge roughness incorporated in the model using the Namba Model. The empirically fitted parameters track well with literature. The fitted model is within 3.7% error of all experimental results.


—A covert attack method often used by APT organi- zations is the DNS tunnel, which is used to pass information by constructing C2 networks. And they often use the method of frequently changing domain names and server IP addresses to evade monitoring, which makes it extremely difficult to detect them. However, they carry DNS tunnel information traffic in normal DNS communication, which inevitably brings anomalies in some statistical characteristics of DNS traffic, so that it would provide security personnel with the opportunity to find them. Based on the above considerations, this paper studies the statistical discovery methodology of typical DNS tunnel high-frequency query behavior. Firstly, we analyze the distribution of the DNS domain name length and times and finds that the DNS domain name length and times follow the normal distribution law. Secondly, based on this distribution law, we propose a method for detecting and discovering high-frequency DNS query behaviors of non-single domain names based on the statistical rules of domain name length and frequency and we also give three theorems as theoretical support. Thirdly, we design a sliding window difference scheme based on the above method. Experimental results show that our method has a higher detection rate. At the same time, since our method does not need to construct a data set, it has better practicability in detecting unknown DNS tunnels. This also shows that our detection method based on mathematical models can effectively avoid the dilemma for machine learning methods that must have useful training data sets, and has strong practical significance.


While academic institutions maintain records such as transcripts and certificates, they are often requested to share these records with other institutions at the request of students for credit transfer, or prerequisites for acceptance into new academic programs. While the transfer of academic records is a regular daily activity for the institutions, there is often significant overhead involved as the process of transfer and verification is extremely manual. The need for an automated end-to-end solution for the transfer and verification of academic records between institutions is on the edge to reduce wait times for students to transfer their records, as well as to provide a reliable verification method to avoid academic fraud. This paper presents a permissioned blockchain-based system to allow institutions to securely and dependably transfer and verify academic records at the student request. Permissioned blockchains, such as Hyperledger, provide a more scalable and cost-effective and private solution for enterprise applications. Our solution is comprised of a web interface for enrolling and requesting the transfer, with a backend using Hyperledger Fabric and Hyperledger Composer to retain the hash of the records on the blockchain for verification.


SIGNIFICANCE
Immunometabolic regulation of macrophages has been the target of many researchers. Here we review the contribution of solute carriers (SLC) in regulating macrophage metabolism. We also highlight key mechanisms that regulate SLC function, their effects on mitochondrial activity, and how these intracellular activities contribute to macrophage fitness in healthy and disease. Recent Advances: Solute carriers serve as a major drug absorption pathway and represent a novel category of therapeutic drug targets. SLC dynamics affect cellular nutritional sensors, such as AMPK and mTOR and, consequently alters the cellular metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics within macrophages to adapt to a new functional phenotype.

CRITICAL ISSUES
Macrophages play a significant role in several pathologies, including insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and cancer. Solute carrier function defines macrophage phenotype and these activities contribute to host health.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Few studies focus on the impact of solute transporters on macrophage function. Identifying which solute carriers are present in macrophages and determining their functional roles may reveal novel therapeutic targets with which to treat metabolic and inflammatory diseases.


Through selecting the using amount of wood grain agents and lubricants in matrix resins as well as the processing conditions,the wood grain of PVC based wood/plastic imitation wood materials were studied by using a single screw extruder and a double screw extruder.The results showed that increasing the using amount of lubricants in the wood grain agents was good for the formation of wood grain,and both single screw extruder and double screw extruder were capable for the extrusion molding of wood grain materials through selecting the using amount of lubricants.


The UK's publically available blood stem cell infrastructure has undergone significant transformation in recent years as umbilical cord blood has joined adult donors as a viable clinical stem cell source. This paper describes the development of a collaborative governance arrangement between the UK's two domestic providers of blood stem cells: a public body and a charity. The paper argues that the collaborators, who stand to benefit from the alignment, legitimize their work through appeals to public good. It suggests that appeals to buy British obscure an inevitable requirement to cultivate international, networked stem cell exchange; the paper also explores collaborators' reinforcement of a supposed connection between human leukocyte antigen tissue type and ethnicity through claiming that the UK's ethnic minorities face an "unmet need." By way of this, the paper demonstrates the interconnection of collaborators' institutional interests with concerns for national health equity.


This technical update provides information concerning the replacement of the transformer type power supply (non-switching), used on systems with serial number PH3066 and lower. Due to obsolescence this part will no longer be available. The transformer type power supply, due to outdated and obsolete parts will no longer be available as a replacement part. Going forward, if replacement of the transformer type power supply is required, then the system must be upgraded to the switching power supply, 6988588. This will also involve upgrading the battery and the J7-J37 power supply cable, as well as installing the battery back up retrofit kit.


This paper deals with analytical solutions for the time-dependent
equations arising in a second-grade fluid. The solutions have been
developed by assuming certain forms of the stream function.
Expressions for velocity components are obtained for flows in
plane polar, axisymmetric cylindrical, and axisymmetric spherical
polar coordinates. The obtained solutions are compared with
existing results.


Based on the remote sensing data, the temporal and spatial change characteristics of cultivated land at the Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture during 1990 to 2010 were analyzed. The driving forces which caused the variation were also studied through the method of principal component. Result showed that the area of cultivated land keeps increasing in recent two decades, the increasing speed ups and then downs. The new increased land was mainly in the area of rich water and soil resources that was suitable for farming. The lost land mainly distributed in the edge of the original cultivated land as well as the urban peripheral. By principal component analysis, the driving factors were found to be social and economic development, population growth and the agricultural technology improvement. Finally,the measures for cultivated land and protection were proposed to make the cultivated land resources used safely and sustainably.


The present invention provides a joint analog network coding and relay method for use in a cellular network comprising a wireless repeater, the method of receiving a base station, and user equipment. The method of the relay, the step of analog network coding the analog signal levels carrying information signals step, the step of ADC by sampling the received signal, from a plurality of eNB that receives information signals from a plurality of base stations eNB , comprising the step of converting step transferring symbols after being analog network coded, and the symbol by receiving the transferred symbols into information signals. Wireless relay joint with analog network coding is to improve the service transmission performance when UE is in a cell edge, a solution without the complexity at a low cost which can increase the cell coverage area.


The effect of oxygen on the work function of tungsten electrodes has been studied. As expected, it was found that the presence of the metastable A15 (ß) phase is correlated with oxygen concentration. Tungsten films with minimal oxygen content contain only the stable bcc (¿) phase. However, after a forming gas anneal was performed on MOS capacitors made from these films, it was found that the ß phase converts completely to a strained ¿ phase. Despite this uniform transformation, it was found that the work function of the tungsten gate electrodes varies from 4.54-4.91 eV, depending on the partial pressure of oxygen that the tungsten films were grown in. This is a novel work function tuning technique, and it is hypothesized that the observed variation is due solely to the incorporation of oxygen from the growth environment into the W layer at the SiO2/W interface.


The integrity and accuracy of what is published inObstetrics & Gynecology is something we take very seriously. Like other medical journals, we require that authors submit original work that has not been published elsewhere. We also follow the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors that infractions should be reported to readers. It has come to our attention that a case reported byWiebe et al in the November issue of the Green Journal was also published earlier by different authors in another journal. The authors state that it was not found on a search before they submitted the article for publication. Readers who contacted us correctly point out that the publication of a second report of this case could incorrectly attribute two (rather than one) maternal death to sepsis related to a mifepristone induced pregnancy termination. We are retracting this article.


Introduction/Objective. The most important etiologic factors for both,
 capsular contracture (CC) and breast implant associated anaplastic large
 cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is subclinical infection, defined as a response of
 an organism on presence of biofilm on the implant surface. The aim of this
 research was to examine the possibility of biofilm formation of four
 different bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus,
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Ralstonia picketti) on three differently textured
 silicone breast implants (Siltex, Mentor, pore size 70-150 ?m;
 MESMO?sensitive, Polytech, pore size 50-900 ?m; and SilkSurface, Motiva
 pores 13 ?m) in vitro. Methods. Samples of silicone breast implant capsules
 (sized 1 ? 1 cm) were divided into three groups according to texture. After
 sterilization, 30 samples in every group were contaminated with 100 ?l of
 examined bacterial broth, followed by incubation which led to biofilm
 formation. For testing the capability of biofilm formation, modified
 technique with microtitar plates described by Stepanovic was used. Results.
 All four examined bacteria (S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and
 Ralstonia pickettii) form more biofilm on implants with pore sizes 50-900 ?m
 compared to implants with pore size 70-150 ?m and those with 13 ?m.
 Statistical significance was found in biofilm formation on implants with
 pores 70-150 ?m compared to implants with pores 13 ?m. The only exception
 was P. aeuruginosa which did not show significant difference in biofilm
 formation on implants 70-150 ?m and 13 ?m. Conclusion Silicone breast
 implants with micro and nanotexture should be chosen in order to prevent
 biofilm formation and possible consequent complications.


Radar surveillance (RS) of space objects has a number of advantages over the optical one. An urgent task is the RS of remote spacecraft, including high Earth orbit (HEO) spacecraft with the apogee height of more than 2500 km above the Earth's surface. In modern radars, well-known models, methods and technical solutions for observing remote spacecraft are implemented by increasing the duration (energy) of transmitted signals and observation time. This restriction does not allow to simultaneously detect and track objects of the "barrier zone" (BZ) while solving routine tasks using a long-range detection (LRD) radar. As a result, the radar throughput may decrease. It is proposed to use resource-efficient methods of multi-scanning monitoring (MSM). The methods make it possible to efficiently accumulate the energy of echo signals received during several radar observations. Purpose. In this paper, we research how to ensure the required throughput of the LRD radar when monitoring the BZ and observing the HEO objects using the MSM methods in conditions of a limited time resource. The study sets and solves the task of resource-efficient management of the LRD radar. This method consists in planning and organizing RS of the LRD radar for observation of the HEO objects with simultaneous control (detection and tracking) of BZ objects. In general, we formulate the task of RS of remote spacecraft and substantiate the algorithm for planning and organizing a RS for monitoring the HEO objects in conditions of a limited energy (time) resource. Methods. Analytical methods are used to substantiate the algorithm of resource-efficient control of the LRD radar using the MSM methods. Resource-efficient management is based on the use of a priori information about the parameters of the HEO objects trajectories, planning, organization and joint processing of RS results. The model of the LRD radar with the MSM channel is also substantiated in the form of a queuing system for assessing the radar throughput. Results. The simulation results indicate maintenance of the required throughput of the radar during the observations of the radar. It confirms the operability and effectiveness of the radar control method for solving the problem of simultaneous observation of the radar and monitoring of the objects of the BZ. Conclusion. The structure of the radar with the MSM channel and the method of resource-efficient management allow to implement the monitoring of the HEO objects with simultaneous detection and tracking of BZ objects. In contrast to the existing ones, the proposed algorithm for planning and control of the surveillance provides the required radar throughout during monitoring of the HEO objects.