An asynchronous learning environment including informational pages, review problems and a web-based conferencing forum, was developed to supplement instruction in an on-campus course in pharmacokinetics. The purpose of this communication is to report student utilization and acceptance of the web-based resource. Ninety-five percent of current students surveyed stated that they accessed the web site during the semester. The most commonly reported purpose for access of the web site was to obtain review problem s for quizzes and exams. For the majority (59 percent) of students, frequency of access was consistent with preparation prior to examinations. Overall, student feedback was positive. The majority of respondents reported that the resources facilitated their learning in the course, and 21 percent and 39 percent of students reported increased communication with instructors and other students, respectively. Interactivity in problem-solving was not a highly utilized feature. Although web-based conferencing was also not highly utilized, several students commented on its potential usefulness. Consequently, we propose to maintain and further expand the web site as a repository for review problems that can be utilized by students for exam and quiz preparation and to employ strategies to foster student participation in discussions of pharmacokinetic concepts using web-based conferencing. BACKGROUND Pharmacokinetics (PHAR400) is a core course offered each year to first year students entering the professional Doctor of Pharmacy program. The course requires that students synthesize physiological, pharmacological and pharmaceutical concepts in order to understand the processes that influence the fate of medications in the body. These concepts are further integrated and applied to clinical problem-solving in advanced core therapeutics courses offered in the second and third years of the program. In the PHAR400 course, pharmacokinetic principles are presented conceptually, mathematically and graphically using a team teaching approach. In this approach, the teaching faculty consists of faculty from this institution as well as guest lecturers from other academic institutions and from industry who teach aspects of the course that are related to their field of expertise. The course material is delivered as a series of didactic lectures (two hours per week). Each lecture topic is linked to a recitation session, the format of which includes student discussion, peer teaching and independent and small group problem-solving. Students are assessed through three proble m- solving quizzes and three multiple-choice examinations. Mathematical and graphical manipulations are an integral component of all quizzes and examinations. For many students, the PHAR400 course is the first time that mathematics has been applied to describe biological processes. Thus, emphasis is placed on providing students with a rationale for the correct use of mathematical equations and to associate equations with pharmacokinetic theory so that problem-solving is less abstract. Because students differ in their comprehension of pharmacokinetic principles, our experience has been that student demand for supplemental review materials varies substantially. In the past, we had found that delays in real-time (due to printing and distribution) and the increasing costs associated with printing of problem sets for exam review have limited how much of these materials could be provided to students in a timely manner. A solution to this problem was to establish an asynchronous learning environment, which included a repository for review materials including interactive problems, and a forum for discussion in order to facilitate student-driven selfstudy. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this project was to more completely integrate classroom learning with self-study. Our goals were to develop an interactive environment to foster learning of pharmacokinetic principles and to evaluate student utilization and acceptance of the resource. The specific aims were to:


AbstractPrivate higher education has been evolving in Australia during the past decade, with record numbers of students enrolling. This expansion in private higher education is attributed to many factors. These include changes to government policy related to higher education, unmet student demand in universities, and migration policies that were linked to skills shortages. Despite the growth in private higher education, the academic literature shows that there has been little substantial research into the student experience in that sector.This paper is based on the analysis of focus group interviews conducted in five different private higher education providers with the aim of evaluating the student experience in the areas of teaching, course outcomes, and the range of support services and learning infrastructure provided to students. The paper argues for the need to genuinely listen to the student voice and take timely action to enhance students' experience in a highly competitive environment.Keywordsprivate higher education, student experienceIntroductionThe student experience is now considered fundamental to the quality agenda within any higher education setting. This focus has been further strengthened in many developed countries where governments use student experience measures to assess teaching quality and to link the outcomes to performancebased funding to reward or, in some cases, to penalise institutions (Bennett & Nair, 2010; Department of Business Innovation Skills, 2009; Commonwealth of Australia, 2009).Although the student experience in universities has been debated in the academic literature for 50 years, only limited attempts have been made to gain insights into the experience of students in a private higher education setting, even with the unprecedented growth in this sector (AUQA, 2010; Shah & Nair, 2012). The research that has been undertaken in many parts of the world on the student experience is based primarily on students' university experience. Studies on the student experience and comparative analyses are becoming increasingly important as governments in many countries rely on quantitative measures to assess quality assurance and ensure comparable outcomes. Another key reason for the need to improve insight into the student experience in private higher education is the prominence of the student voice in higher education, which includes different cohorts of students such as domestic, international onshore and offshore, various equity groups, and various modes of delivery.In the Australian context, the government plans to make student satisfaction and other performance data of higher education institutions publicly available on the new My University website. Such information may influence the choice of prospective students when selecting higher education institutions. A recent US study of students in colleges offering higher education courses showed 90 per cent satisfaction with college education. The study suggests that colleges have played a key role in preparing students to be productive members of the workforce (38%), preparing young people to be responsible citizens (27%), and ensuring that all qualified students have equal access to a college education (21%) (Pew Research Center, 2011).Understanding students' expectations and capturing data on the student experience are fundamental to the effective management of higher education. According to Ramsden (2009), by fostering and promoting engaged partnerships with students, institutions can improve teaching, course design, assessments, and quality processes to produce the best outcomes for students. Ramsden further argues that prospective students need better information about what they can expect from higher education in terms of independence in learning, contact with tutors, and other forms of support.Literature Review of the Student ExperienceDuring the past four decades, research has consistently confirmed that students' perceptions are important parameters of the social and psychological aspects of the learning environment (Ramsden, 2005). …


The effects of geometry modulation applied to a periodic structure built in stripline technology are assessed by means of the dispersion diagrams calculated in the spectral, or k, plane by using a commercial electromagnetic eigenmode solver. Modifications of surfaces representing propagation modes, of electromagnetic band-gaps and of group velocities of Bloch waves following geometry modulation are outlined and explained.


In new energy vehicles, due to the loss of the traditional engine noise source coverage, the air conditioning blower has become the main source of noises. In this work, the simulation of the radius of volute tongue (R), the gap of the tongue(d), the blade outlet angle (β) and the volute profile(A) were conducted to obtain the influence degree of each parameter on the aerodynamic noise and the efficiency of the blower, the numerical methods of which were verified by the experimental test. A global sensitivity analysis (GSA) methodology was adopted to study the effect of structural parameters of the automotive air conditioning blower on the aerodynamic noise and the performance. The GSA results show that β has the greatest effect whose global sensitivity coefficient is 0.86 under the noise target. A has the maximum coefficient which is 0.82 under the efficiency targe. When taking the all higher-order effect into consideration, it is R and β that have the greatest influence on the aerodynamic noise and the efficiency. According to the result of the second-order sensitivity analysis, it is crucial for optimizing the blower to consider the fit of R and β. The GSA results in this study provides a certain reference for the design of noise reduction and efficiency improvement of blowers.


Press, in particular single or multi-platen press, continuous press o. The like., For the manufacture of chipboard, fibreboard o. The like. Wood material panels, with a press frame of a plurality of rows press frame, wherein - the press frames are constructed from steel sheet metal blanks, each having two side frame members, the frame legs, a head beam side connecting frame header and a frame leg connecting unterholmseitg Rahmenfusteil, - each of the frame legs to the frame head portion, and with the horizontal in the range Rahmenfusteil clamping surfaces are clamped together by means of vertical tension rods, characterized in that the frame legs (12) have end hammer heads (18) and the frame head portion (13) and the Rahmenfusteil (14) on both sides of bearing recesses (19) for supporting and fixing of the hammer heads (18) by means of the hammer heads (18) and the have clamping surfaces vertically penetrating the clamping screws (17), and in that the hammer heads (18) each two adjacent frame header parts (13) and the frame base parts (14) in the region of the bearing recesses (19) engage under clamping surface formation.


The invention relates to a connection assembly (10) for connecting a wiper blade (14) to a wiper arm (12) for a windshield wiper system of a vehicle. A connection element (18) comprises a for fixing the connection element (18) on the wiper arm (12) embodied the upper part (20) on which a for holding a main body (24) of the wiper blade (14) designed lower part (22) pivotable about an axis of rotation is mounted. A slider (34) engages around the wiper arm (12) in an end region (16), said slider (34) along the wiper arm (12) from an assembly position into a securing the connecting element (18) is slidably functional position. The joint assembly (10) comprises at least one securing element (42), which is about the rotation axis by a first amount in derogation during a pivoting movement of the lower part (22) is a displacement of the slide (34) in the assembly position. However, the securing element (42) allows the displacement of the slide (34) in the mounting position when the lower part (22) is pivoted by a second amount which is greater than the first amount. Furthermore, the invention relates to a wiper blade (14) and a wiper arm (12) for such a connection arrangement (10).


The research aimed to identifi changes in species composition and vegetation adaptation in burned forest production areas in Kayuagung, Ogan Komering Ilir district, South Sumatra Province. Forest fire in this area affected on spesies composition, whics is indicated by growth of seedling consistof gelam (Melaleuca leucadendron), tembesu (Fragraea fragrans), and perepat (Combretocarpus rotundus). On the other forest growth level found in unburned area including seedling, sapling poles, and tree. The dominant spesies growth from seedling to stand is meranti (Shorea balangeran), while the tree growth was consist of was meranti (Shorea balangeran), perepat (Combretocarpus rotundatus), tembesu (Fragraea fragrans), and jelutung (Dyera lowii), and was dominated by jelutung (Dyera lowii).
Keywords: forest fire, forest production, Ogan Komering Ilir District, species composition, vegetation adaptation


The problem of trafficking is a global problem that has a negative impact on the survival of victims. East Nusa Tenggara is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has been categorized as an emergency area for trafficking cases. The poverty and the limited employment opportunities in the NTT region are one of the factors in the increasing cases of trafficking. Trafficking victims need attention from the government for their survival. The role of government and stakeholders to victims of human trafficking is needed to protect and guarantee the rights of victims. This study aimed to explore the expectations of victims of human trafficking regarding government support in handling victims of human trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara-Indonesia. This study used a phenomenological interpretive approach. Six participants were selected using purposive sampling method. Participants were invited to attend in-depth interviews guided by semi-structured interview guidelines. The interview then recorded then analyzed followed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The process began with reading the transcript repeatedly to find keywords from each participant, and then classified into categories and themes that have the same meaning. Five sub-themes were identified, including 1) freeing Indonesian workers from the dangers of trafficking, 2) completing the legal process of all cases in human trafficking, 3 ) preparing employment opportunities, 4) criminals in human trafficking were equally followed a legal process, 5) promoting socialization to the community. Social support from the government is essential. The government plays important role in capturing the hopes of victim, including restitution, compensation, rehabilitation and personal satisfaction in order to regain their rights. Furthermore, all policy makers, law enforcers, community organizations, professional organizations and researchers / academics should take adequate role in efforts to prevent trafficking cases.


An amphiphilic ruthenium(II) cyano complex, (N(C2H5)4)2[Ru(dc18bpy)(CN)4] (dc18bpy = 4,4′-dioctadecyl-2,2′-bipyridine), was prepared by photo-induced ligand exchange. The X-ray diffraction patterns were compared before and after the electrochemical oxidation of the cast film on an ITO electrode. The film had a layered structure, whose interlayer distance changed irreversibly from 4.60 nm to 4.01 nm when the central Ru(II) ion was oxidized to Ru(III).


Because of the truth that the earth resources become increasingly tense, Low-head bulb turbine group was relatively fast developed and constructed in a time.The number of its running on the various types of rivers has reached a certain degree.However,its main problems are water utilization and running performance are not optimal.Its stand-alone capacity is small,therefore the problem has not attracted attention in the academia.In this paper,we based on the typical bulb turbine as the research object,using UG to the whole flow passage of mathematical modeling,based on the model of the operating characteristic curve, through Ansys software analyzes unit internal flow field calculation,and found that in a combination of guide vane and the blade opening, the head loss is the major cause of water can not efficient conversion.When increase the effective water head,can improve the output and efficiency of unit. Further analysis of the whole flow passag,the runner outlet flow patterns and the runner blade pressure,finding that the conditions can improve the turbines running performance at the same time.In the real machine test and long running practice, the above calculation results were verified. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i4.4891


The authors report a case of Hand-Schuller-Christian disease in a man of 31 whose only stomatological manifestation was bilateral osteolytic mandibular lesions. The microscopical appearance of this lesion is characterized by the great richness in frothy cells containing a significant quantity of lipids. Their examination under the ultramicroscope at magnifications up to X60,000 showed no definitely identifiable Birbeck bodies. No eosinophils were seen. On the other hand, mastocytes were particularly numerous in this specimen.


UN peacekeeping missions operate under the authority of the UN. However, the military personnel that constitute a UN peacekeeping mission remain organs of the states from which they are contributed. Thus, whether unlawful acts committed by peacekeepers can be attributed to the UN is dependent upon whether the peacekeeping force can be regarded as being under the direction and control of the UN. This is a question of fact. According to the ICJ and the International Law Commission, unlawful acts committed by peacekeeping forces will be attributed to the UN only where the UN exercised 'effective control' over the commission of the unlawful act. In contrast, the ECtHR has consistently propounded a very different test, asserting that unlawful acts will be attributed to the UN only where the UN retained 'ultimate authority and control' over the peacekeeping mission. I argue, however, that neither of these tests provides a suitable legal framework for determining attribution of unlawful conduct in the context of UN peacekeeping missions. After outlining the deficiencies of these tests, I submit that a more suitable approach to determining attribution would be based upon the overall control test as outlined by the ICTY in Tadić.


This work deals with the topic "Double past perfect tense" and the trends of the tenses in the actual German language. There will be described the downfall of preterite and the growth of double past perfect. The history and usage of the double past perfect is also a part of the work.


Euthanasia Should Be Legalized in Nevada Ellie Ok, MS, OMSII; email@example.com Kristine Rosas, OMSII; email@example.com Weldon Havins, MD, JD, LLM, FCLM, Emeritus Professor Touro University Nevada College of Osteopathic Medicine Current palliative care option for terminally ill patients disregards the autonomy of patients in some cases. These patients may request euthanasia with the intent to make an autonomous decision and gain back some control that they have lost to the disease. As physicians, we should strive to understand the rationale behind the patient's request of euthanasia to alleviate suffering and provide the most suitable care that preserves the patients' dignity and autonomy. The purpose of our research is to propose the legalization of euthanasia in Nevada for terminal patients. To examine the legality and morality of euthanasia, we applied the four biomedical ethics principles (autonomy, justice, beneficence, and maleficence) to the use of this practice. The number of cases of euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicides (PAS) in Netherlands and Canada were analyzed. Reports of PAS cases in Canada were obtained from Regional Euthanasia Review Committees and Interim Reports. Individual statutes and numerous studies were reviewed to compare the qualifications and requirements of euthanasia and PAS in different countries. This study found that in countries where both euthanasia and PAS are legal, euthanasia occurs at a higher rate than PAS. In Netherlands, the incidence of euthanasia from 2002 and 2010 to 2018 was 1672, 2910, 5277, 5856, 6303, and 5898 whereas PAS was 184, 182, 208, 216, 250, and 212. In Canada, the occurrence of euthanasia from 2016 to 2018 was 503, 1960, and 2613 compared to four, one, and one PAS cases. Although euthanasia is illegal in the United States, patients showed higher support for euthanasia over PAS, finding euthanasia to be more acceptable (67%) than assisted suicide (33%). We carefully compared and studied the qualifications of euthanasia in other countries to propose our guidelines for Nevada. We acknowledge that there should be strict limitations and documentation of cases to limit its abuse. Further studies are needed to examine the validity of child euthanasia or other vulnerable populations. More 2021 American College of Legal Medicine JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE 2021, VOL. 41, NO. S1, 32–33 https://doi.org/10.1080/01947648.2021.1914484 training and education of medical professionals in palliative care is indicated. This research highlights and challenges the need for change in our current palliative care options to include euthanasia. References upon request 33


A quantitative analysis method of CO2 laser treatments promotes laser treatment performance and rapid clinical application of novel treatment devices. The in silico clinical trial approach, which is based on computational simulation of light-tissue interactions using the mathematical model, can provide quantitative data. Although several simulation methods of laser tissue vaporization with CO2 laser treatments have been proposed, validations of the CO2 laser wavelength have been insufficient. In this study, we demonstrated a tissue vaporization simulation using a CO2 laser and performed the experimental validation using a hydrogel phantom with constant physical parameters to evaluate the simulation accuracy of the vaporization process. The laser tissue vaporization simulation consists of the calculation of light transport, photothermal conversion, thermal diffusion, and phase change in the tissue. The vaporization width, depth, and area with CO2 laser irradiation to a tissue model were simulated. The simulated results differed from the actual vaporization width and depth by approximately 20% and 30%, respectively, because of the solubilization of the hydrogel phantom. Alternatively, the simulation vaporization area for all light irradiation parameters, which is related to the vaporization amount, agreed well with the actual vaporization values. These results suggest that the computational simulation can be used to evaluate the amount of tissue vaporization in the safety and effectiveness analysis of CO2 laser treatments.


The paper introduced the coal preparation technique of the Muguajie Coal Preparation Plant and stated the structures and the work principle of the vibration screen jig in the separation equipment of the coal preparation plant.According to the improper preparation coal rejects with coal,coal rejects wheel jammed and other problems occurred the operation of the vibration jig,in combination with the features and technique performances of the vibration jig,the proper improvement was made to the vibration jig and such as the buffer curtain was installed at the feeding chute in order to reduce the speed of the raw coal feeding.The height of the separation board in the material discharging channel was reduced from 280 mm to 150 mm.The imperfection degree of the vibration jig after the improvement could reach to 0.119 and the quantity efficiency would be 98%.With a 150 mm wide nylon belt fit at the front section of the screen board,the coal rejects wheel jammed phenomenon could be eliminated and the operation and utilization of the equipment could be improved.With the detection of the output voltage (DC 4~10 V) of the speed potentiometer on the oil motor of the discharging control unit,the electric fault or hydraulic fault of the discharging vertical wheel could be simply judged.With the above measures conducted,the coal preparation technique system could be high efficiently operated and each technical index could meet the requirement.


This chapter discusses both academic and scientific discourse and practice as functioning parts of wider networks of communication, political, social, and so on. It considers several different research traditions that speak to important aspects of this functioning. This allows one to see the relation between academic and scientific texts as a problem involving a wide range of disciplines: linguistics and applied linguistics, rhetoric, rhetoric of science, sociology, sociology of science, psychology, social psychology, "writing studies", technical communication, business communication, and so on. The chapter shows how the research traditions approach the two major problems. The first problem is describing the academic communities and their texts, and the relation between the two, as well as the scientific communities and their texts, and the relation between those two. The second problem is that of describing the relationship between the two communities through their texts. Keywords: academic texts; applied linguistics traditions; linguistic anthropology; rhetorical traditions; scientific texts; sociolinguistics traditions


The present invention relates to a handheld wherein said capacitive means, in particular a capacitive measuring device approaches the handheld device for electric handheld device detected, wherein the capacitive measuring device has a switching means, ground measuring device may be electrically connected by means of the switching device and the electrically conductive structure of the handheld device, and wherein the capacitive measuring device having a ground electrode structure, said structure having a ground electrode disposed on the hand-held at least one ground electrode on the device, wherein the capacitive ground handheld device by means of said switching means and said at least one of the ground electrode is electrically connected. Further, the present invention relates to a means for capacitive measurement device of the present invention detects the hand to the handheld device, in particular an electric hand-held device proximity method.


Taking the usage of oversea web databases by Shenzhen University for example, the paper analyzes the way of getting data, the data of usage and the cost. After comparing these factors with other universities, the author makes recommendation for libraries and database suppliers.


We compared seasonal studies of ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates conducted in Disko Bay (West Greenland, ~69°N) and the Kattegat (Denmark, ~56°N). In both systems, ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates were important components of the plankton. Their biomass was minute in the winter (October to April) in Disko Bay compared to the Kattegat, but from May to August/September, the biomass and composition of the ciliate and heterotrophic dinoflagellate assemblages were similar in the two systems. The seasonal biomass pattern was unimodal and bimodal for Disko Bay and the Kattegat, respectively. To evaluate top‐down versus bottom‐up control, experimentally derived maximum estimates of protozooplankton growth rates and copepod predation capacities from the study sites were applied to biomass data. This analysis showed that the effect of copepods was significant but that ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates could effectively exploit prey during periods when top‐down pressure was relaxed. In Disko Bay, a high copepod biomass in spring is primarily caused by migration of an overwintering copepod population from deep waters into the photic zone prior to the spring bloom. We suggest that "regulation windows" for the protozooplankton are present even during the spring bloom when copepods occur at their peak levels because of food saturation. Bottom‐up regulation occurred during the winter and occasionally when copepod predation pressure relaxed, but it was difficult to separate food limitation from the effect of temperature. Multiple regression analysis supports the notion that ciliate and heterotrophic dinoflagellate biomass changed seasonally according to both top‐down and bottom‐up regulation, as well as to temperature control. Protozooplankton growth estimates were also used to calculate the fraction of primary production processed by the ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. When assuming complete algivory, 32–55% and 20–60% of the annual primary production was consumed by ciliates in Disko Bay and the Kattegat, respectively. Furthermore, because heterotrophic dinoflagellates were found to be as important grazers as ciliates in both systems, it was concluded that protozooplankton at high latitudes are also important in the cycling of primary production and should be considered if carbon and nutrient cycling in these systems is to be understood.


A very-high-frequency (>100-GHz) optoelectronic pulsing and sampling system is presented. This system is used for the characterization of high-speed electronic devices and transmission line structures, and for the study of electronic transport phenomena at picosecond time scales. The signal-to-noise ratio obtained in this system is greater than 50 dB, the sensitivity limit is approximately 1 mu V/Hz/sup 1/2/, and the temporal resolution can be less than 1 ps, thereby permitting studies of very fast low-level signals. >


For pt.III see ibid., vol.9, p.665 (1976). The crystal structure of cubic nickel iodine boracite, Ni3B7O13I, has been investigated by neutron diffraction at 77K. Three-dimensional data were collected out to sin theta / lambda =0.73 AA-1 from a 11B-enriched single-crystal (100) growth sector. The final R-index was 3.4%. To investigate possible anharmonicity in the thermal motion of the metal (Ni) and halogen (I) atoms, third- and fourth-cumulant parameters were considered; only the fourth-cumulant parameters for Ni gave significant improvements in fit. Contrary to previous suggestions, it is not necessary to postulate disorder in the positions of the metal and halogen atoms in order to explain the experimental results.


This paper explores new experimental evidence examining the relationship between cases and result quality in Case-Based Reasoning systems where adaptation is involved. This evidence comes from two domains; a Travelli ng Salesman Problem (TSP) solver and a system devising Nurse Rosters. It concludes that there is no simple relationship between cases and problems that can guarantee solution quality. Instead, case/adaptation pairs need to be tested in relation to particular problems to choose the best. We believe that this result has implications for case selection and adaptation in other domains.


ABSTRACT This article traces the mechanism of social erasure under various regimes of global capitalism. It proposes that the current regime of virtual global capitalism has shifted the way that erasure functions in the 21st century. The article delineates new mechanisms of erasure called "double erasure." The article then traces double erasure in the lives of Black men. Finally, proposals are made as to how social work and human services might respond to double erasure in ways that reaffirm the world of living material social relations.


In a recent note, Cavalcanti and Scarani (CS) constructed a counter local-hidden-variable model to explain the violation of our inequalities in Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 170404 (2010). Here, we briefly discuss some issues in response to the comments raised by CS.


© 2003 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. Our goal in this chapter is to develop a framework for understanding how subcultures influence strong culture organizations' agility. We begin with the proposition that organizations benefit from simultaneously managing strong, stable cultures while maintaining the flexibility and adaptability necessary to survive the ebbs and flows of turbulent environments (e.g., Tushman & O'Reilly, 1996). We then distinguish among various types of values to consider how subcultures can co-exist and evolve within strong organizational cultures. We also investigate the conditions that stimulate subcultures to emerge from individual, group, and organizational levels of analysis. Finally, we describe how subcultures can increase organizational agility by providing a source of creativity and flexibility.


The key to fine reservoir description is building up the geologic model which can be used for quantitative description and expression to the reservoir sandstone and reservoir fluid. Guantao Formation of the west area of Gudao oil field is deposit of fluvial, which is characterized by scattered-distributing sandbody with rapid-variation in lateral. There are many difficulties in setting accurate geological model. By using advanced random geological modeling technology, we set up 3D-variation function of porosity, permeability and oil saturation. By optimizing the modeling methods, we employ index simulation to set up 3D geological model of the Guantao Formation, which could reflect the heterogeneous character of the reservoir parameters more precisely. From the study results, it is concluded that (1) the key to random modeling is to derive an exact variation function. Not only the exact variation function can evaluate the heterogeneity of reservoirs directly, but its degree of accuracy affects the accuracy of modeling effort; (2) Emphasis must be placed on the geologic constrain. It is imperative to select suitable geological model on the basis of understanding geological law completely and after full check using many methods; (3) the modeling is extremely difficult due to its specific characteristics of random modeling technology and difference between geological conditions, we can only use recent successful methods and examples on specified reservoirs. It must constantly study this difficult problem and sum up experiences; and (4) only by applying the random modeling technology to exploration and development and combining with the reservoir modeling technology can its superiority fully be manifested.


During the Covid-19 pandemic, many countries have implemented online learning. This study provides an overview of how the role of parental supervision in the implementation of online learning. This research uses descriptive method by distributing questionnaires using google form. The sample criteria are parents aged 30-45, the data taken from parents are parents who have school children and who live in Bogor, Indonesia. With a sample of 50 people. The questionnaire was distributed online via the WhatsApp application. The results showed that there were 50 respondents with a percentage of 67,14% and it can be concluded that the role of parental supervision in the implementation of online learning is in the medium category.


A mathematical model of double mass torsional vibration system was built with quadratic nonlinearities,
cubic nonlinearities and two harmoric excitation. By using the method of multiple scale under the conditions ω_0≈
ω_1/2, the first approximation solution and its corresponding steady-state solution are obtained. The theoretical a-
nalysis and numerical analysis are made and steady-state curves are obtained. It is pointed out that amplitude-
frequency response curves of system will be changed with the change of forced excitations amplitude F_1 or F_2.


This study evaluates the main determinants of wine tourists' intention to revisit the winery cellar door. The proposed tourist behavior model suggests that past wine-related knowledge and behaviors as well as motivation affect satisfaction with the cellar door visit. The model suggests
 that actual behavior at the cellar door (number of bottles bought and amount of money spent) is dependent on the previously mentioned factors. A survey of wine tourists in the Barossa Valley, Australia, led to 676 useable questionnaires. The results of a binary logistic model show that only
 monthly household expenditure on wine consumption and the motive of tasting wine predict satisfaction with the cellar door visit. A negative binomial model shows that the probability to buy more bottles at the winery increases if the visitor is from Australia, satisfied with the visit, has
 tasted wine at the cellar door, is younger, spends more on monthly household consumption of wine, and was primarily visiting to buy wine. However, intention to revisit is predicted only by satisfaction, awareness of the winery before the visit, motives of buying and tasting wine, and some
 sociodemographic characteristics. Implications for the management of visitor behavior and the cellar door experience are also discussed.


A class of variable neural adaptive robust controllers is proposed. Essential components of the proposed controllers are raised‐cosine radial basis function (RCRBF) neural networks that can vary their structures dynamically by adding or removing RBFs online. The compact support of the RCRBFs alleviate the problem of determining the parameters of the RBFs and can, together with a simple adding and removing algorithm, significantly reduce the computational effort in the training process of the network. The stability of the overall closed‐loop system is analyzed using the Lypaunov type of arguments. It is guaranteed that the tracking error of the closed‐loop systems driven by the proposed controller is uniformly ultimately bounded. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Environmental water's corrosion evaluation of concrete (structure), steel bars and steel structures in reinforced concrete structures is an item of engineering investigation. Therefore, environmental water samples are used for water chemical composition testing during the investigation and carried out according to regulations. Evaluation is very necessary. Taking the Lai Hydropower Station dam site as an example, through the test results of the chemical composition of the water samples, the environmental water and engineering-related chemical characteristics are analyzed, and the corresponding corrosiveness evaluation is carried out according to the requirements of relevant standards, and the surface water and groundwater concrete (structure) is corrosive, indicating the degree of influence on the project. This paper also provide a basis for the project to take protective measures and put forward protecting measures recommendations.


Negative of an art work depicting a foot soldiers near Smolenski. Govt. Collection # G.O.2.143.50. Data: Painting on plywood, 29 x 35. By H. W. Sternberg, undated (1941?).


Entrained flow reactor is widely used in the research of pyrolysis and gasification dynamics.There are still some problems in the existing entrain flow reactor.An entrain flow reactor is designed and the second airflow preheating methods is introduced,which make the flow status meet strict laminar flow requirements.The result display that the temperature distribution in the reactor is uniform,the temperature difference is within the limite,the second airflow preheating methods can make entrance temperature distribution more uniform and the heating rate speed up,therefore some suggestion was given to the lab-scale entrain designing.


In this paper, a research about the design of quadrilateral microstrip antenna that works at 1.8 GHz frequency with partial ground method for 4G antenna applications. In order to create a 4G antenna, it is designed an antenna that meets the antenna work standard that is VAWR value, return loss, impedance and wide bandwidth antenna. From the results of the design that is done by using the partial ground method, it is obtained 40.3 mm of patch width, 51.2 mm of patch length and 20 mm of ground cutting length. From the result of measurement and research, it is obtained the value of VSWR 1,4, return loss -19,58 dB, impedance 56 Ω , HPBW 80o and bandwidth width 120 MHz by using partial ground method can increase microstrip antenna bandwidth from 54 MHz to 213 MHz. From the research that has been done, it shows that the antenna can be used for 4G Antenna.


Past trajectories of alpine agro-ecosystems are legacies that we should consider in the context of current global changes. By integrating archaeology, history and multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental records including lake sediment DNA, we reconstructed the precise nature of agro-pastoral activities and their interactions with the landscape evolution (erosion and vegetation) in the Northwestern Alps, across an altitudinal gradient ranging from 880 and 2440 m a.s.l. We demonstrate that the origins of current vegetation cover in the “Alpages” date to the Mid to Late Bronze Age. However, at the lower limit of the subalpine belt and below this zone, the first significant plant cover changes date to a later period, from the Early to High Middle Ages. From the Bronze Age, we see also anthropogenic disturbances of the natural erosion cycle, especially on some sites in the subalpine belt. This erosion became generalized across all sites during the Roman period. Then, decreasing anthropogenic impacts on the erosion are recorded everywhere, which suggests the beginning of efficient soil management strategies, with protection of the soil resource. This important tipping point arose from the High to Late Middle Ages, when activities and practices are changing.


Confucian standard of artistic criticism made great influence on the later generations, thus the drama was inhibited until Yuan Dynasty. The traditional thought based on the small-scale peasant economy was another important barrier for the development of Zaju Plays. The rulers in Yuan Dynasty indulged the literature and art actually; the big cities came into being and the commodity economy developed lopsidedly; the change of ideology among scholars created the first group of professional writers. All of which propelled the Zaju plays to be prosperous.


This study aimed at investigating the implementation of the process based approach in teaching writing in order to know its effect to the improvement of students' writing achievement Furthermore, the quantitative method was used in this research with quasi experimental design. The subjects involved in this study were 35 Junior High School students from VII A7 class in SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja, Bali, Indonesia. The proficiency test such as pretest and post test were conducted in this study in oder to collect the data. The students were given a treatment for about eight weeks. The data obtained were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was analyzed using SPSS. As the result of statistical analysis, it was found that sig 2-tailed result in the paired samples t-test wast 0.00, which was below 0.05. In terms of the mean score, it was found the mean score in the post test (80.46) was higher than the mean score in the pretest (68.59). So, it can be concluded that process based approach had a significant effect on the seventh' grade students writing achievement.


Recently the Mobius funtion and the Mobius inverse formula are widely used insolving some physical problems, such as the inverse blackbody radiation problem, theinversion of specific heat for phonon density of states and the inverse problems ofFermi system and ionic crystals. In this note we obtain a general and simple ex-pression of interatomic pairwise potential from square lattice cohesive energy by usingthe Mobius function and the Mobius inverse formula on a unique factorization do-main.


UNO's Resolution of May 14, 1990 recommends that prisoners have access to education, i.e. to basic education, creative activities, cultural activities, higher education, library facilities, literacy programmes, physical education and sports, religious education/instruction and training (through activities such as Bible studies, church attendance, holy day observances, religious counselling, religious/theological education classes, retreats, scriptural study groups, worship and prayer services, etc. carried out by chaplains, ministers, or religious volunteers), social education, and vocational training. Religious practice, no matter the form, can help prisoners adapt/adjust (i.e. coping or avoiding trouble) to prison life, lowers recidivism rates and ensures post-release success (prisoner re-entry or social reinsertion) – given that religion can change cognitive approaches to conflict, emphasize accountability and responsibility, provide social support and social skills through interaction with religious people and communities, and target antisocial values. In this context, religious education/guidance/teaching is, together with cultural activities, discussion groups, leisure activities, literacy classes, and sports activities, part of any social rehabilitation plan. Based on field work experience – counselling prisoners (both teenagers and adults) in Romanian penitentiaries – the authors propose a religious education "syllabus" based on the principles of ethics: the principle of respect for autonomy or of human dignity (respecting the decisions made by other people concerning their own lives), the principle of beneficence (bringing about good in all our actions), the principle of non-maleficence (not harming others), and the principle of justice (providing others with whatever they are owed or deserve).


Case study of a selective asphaltene extraction process for heavy crude or residuum. Desirable oil components are recovered and the asphaltene-free heavies can be processed in conventional refining operations.


Most scholars explain political interactions within OPEC countries with reference to clusters of economic and political variables. In this paper, we use dyadic interaction data to describe the frequency and affective orientation between OPEC pairs. Explanations for the prominent trends within the four time periods are offered. The analysis suggests that no combination of political or economic factors explain consistently the coalitions and cleavages within OPEC between 1959 and 1974.


The purpose of this study was to measure the perception to use community resources to enhance the scholastic achievment among secondary school students. The study was conducted on 120 secondary school teacher of Mayurbhanj distrcit of Odisha. Results provides evidence that more experinced teachers had better and positive attitude towards using community resources for academic achievement. However, teachers having low educational qualification did not have positive attitude as comapre to the teachers having more qualification. Furhter, the arts teachers have positive perception about using community resources as compare to the science teachers.


This paper introduces configuration and the operation situation of high frequency protection for 220kV and above power systems in Henan.The main reasons of HF protection′s maloperation are analyed,and some suggetions for improvement of protective relaying management are proposed.


The paper is based on the authors' experience of developing passive intermodulation products (PIMP) measurement systems for testing materials and structural components. Its purpose is to discuss some design considerations in developing such facilities and the various ways of improving the system performance. The topics discussed are summarised as follows: current PIMP measurement techniques; power combining and sampling devices; the design of test chambers and their performance; the criteria for selecting linear dummy load and some test results; some suggestions for improving the laboratory PIMP measurement system; and the measurement of PIMPs generated in an aluminium antenna structure. >


Manipulator programs inahigh-level language consist ofmanipulation procedures andobject model declarations. Ashigher level languages aredeveloped, theprocedures will shrink while the declarations will grow. Thistrend makesitdesirable todevelop meansforautomating thegeneration ofthese declarations. Asystem isproposed which would permit users tospecify certain object models interactively, using themanipulator itself asameasuring tool inthree dimensions. A preliminary version ofthesystem hasbeentested.


On the basis of multiple channel antenna SAR geometry relation,a completed multi channel antenna synthetic aperture radar (SAR) echo signal model is built and the multi channel antenna SAR adaptive clutter suppression method and practical structure based on phased array antenna forming multiple receiving channel antenna using the spatial element repetition structure are presented in this paper.Conclusion can be drawn from theoretical analysis and computational simulation that it can achieve good low speed moving target detection performance in airborne SAR imaging by combining multiple channel antenna technology with spatial temporal adaptive clutter suppression technology.


This study aims to answer the following research question: What is the influence of economic and financial indicators in the assessment of biological assets at fair value in companies listed on the BM & FBOVESPA after the adoption of CPC 29? A descriptive research aims to identify the influence of economic and financial indicators in the assessment of biological assets at fair value in companies listed on the BM & FBOVESPA after the adoption of CPC 29, the period from 2009 to 2012. Was performed with a quantitative approach. Checklist was applied in order to identify by means of the notes which were the classes of biological assets disclosed by the entity in the sample. We used the Review Panel with fixed effects and balanced data, and used the model of Multiple Linear Regression by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) , using the SPSS ® software and LHStat to relate the dependent variable (index of disclosure ) and the independent variables (SIZE , ROE , ROA and PBBA). It was found that the significant variables in the model were Company size and ROA. It was found that as the size of the company increases, also improves the level of disclosure of biological assets. Already when ROA increases, decreases the release of biological active and vice versa. Keywords: Biological assets, disclosure index, performance indicators.


Tourism is one of Indonesia's largest economic sectors contributing significantly to the republic's current development . However, there is a price to pay for developing tourism, namely, the increased generation of CO2 produced by touris and tourism activities which can lead to climate change. To gauge the extent to which this is happening in the country a field study was conducted in D.I. Yogyakarta to determine the amount of carbon produced by individual tourists through tourism activities, and to map the amount of carbon produced by tourists at a tourist destination. The results showed that a) of the total amount of 1,218,416.05 kg of CO2 produced by tourists in the Province of Yogyakarta about 45 percent or 542,971.48 kg CO2 was produced by foreign tourists as compared to 55 percent or 675,444.57 kg CO2 produced by domestic tourists; b) accommodation air conditioning was the biggest carbon contributor with respect to domestic tourists; c) at 5,728.17 kg of CO2 domestic tourists dominated the amount of transportation carbon produced during their stay in D.I. Yogyakarta; and d) the greatest amount of carbon, viz. 236,648.7 kg or 20% of the total CO2 generated by tourists was at the heritage tourism sites. Keywords: carbon analysis, tourism, tourist arrivals, tourist carbon footprint, tourist destinations, Yogyakarta


In the title compound, [Ni(C17H17N3OS)(NH3)], the Ni atom is in a distorted square-planar geometry, with the 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde 4-piperidylthiosemicarbazonate ligand coordinated in a terdentate manner through the S, N and O atoms. A molecule of ammonia completes the coordination.


This article examines the representations of the African continent in Cinema through the films Hotel Rwanda (2004) and The Last King of Scotland (2006). An analysis is proposed from the decolonial studies in order to observe the presuppositions in which these representations are anchored, emphasizing their conditions of production. It is therefore a question of understanding confluences as to the images and places attributed to the populations of the African continent, unraveling historical and cultural connections. On the other hand, the aim is also to understand the variability and divergences in the way of continent is portrayed in the films in question, paying attention to the emphases of each filmmaker.


Commission records compiled when land was being sold under the Settled Land Acts in the late nineteenth century, shows that the history of ownership was often by sale, lease or marriage settlement where confiscations and royal grants might have been expected. The author here has laid down most of the parameters used by equity lawyers to achieve the desired results and it is now for historians to build a body of studies of individual families to enable a more considered view of the actual impact of these laws on the beneficial ownership of land. There is a chapter here on the Irish legal system, 1796-1877 dealing with that great era of reform and change culminating with the Supreme Court ofJudicature (Ireland) Act of 1877. Another deals with law in Ireland 1916-1922 written before Mary Kotsonouris's book on the Dail courts appeared in 1994 and this 1972 article is still well worth reading. The recent cataloguing of the Land Settlement papers from the old Land Commission offices by the National Archives will offer historians new opportunities to look at this aspect of law at the foundation of the state now that these collections are accessible. This is not a full list of the contents of this extraordinary work. Historians will find here endless ideas for future research and it should encourage new researchers to see the law as a useful key to unlocking many secrets of the past which have been neglected and ignored for too long. Osborough writes on these topics with an ease which masks his mastery of his subject without which he could not even begin to paint such a vast canvas. He himself points out that this is not a history of law in Ireland and while acknowledging the difficulties of writing legal history he comments that the rewards include 'experiencing excitement the thrill of discovering something not previously known, something, too, perhaps, not even suspected.' In the practise of his craft, Osborough has justified that claim.


Ghrelin is a 28‐amino acid peptide produced by epithelial cells in the stomach mucosa and is well‐characterized to modulate gastrointestinal function, growth hormone secretion, glucose regulation, and appetite, and is increasingly implicated in substance use disorder (SUD) phenotypes. Ghrelin actions are transduced through the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1α (GHS1αR) which is noted to exhibit constitutive activity in in vitro recombinant cell lines, and in dispersed pancreas islet cells, studies which support the concept of endogenous ghrelin tone. The small molecule PF5190457 exhibits relatively equipotent actions as a neutral GHS1αR antagonist and inverse agonist without apparent partial agonist actions (Kong et al. Br J Pharmacol 173:1452, 2016). To expand our knowledge of the physiological impact of GHS1αR function in vivo and determine an effective dose of PF5190457 for future studies of SUD phenotypes, we tested the hypotheses that PF5190457 would antagonize GHS1αR agonist‐induced intake of standard chow (SD) or high fat food (HFF) and act as an inverse agonist to inhibit basal HFF intake and weight gain.


AbstractThe use of empirical models in the research is a vital part of the inventions and investigations of civil and environmental engineering organizations. Linear regression is the most commonly used method for optimization and parameter estimation of different equilibrium and kinetic models for sorption. In addition, the usage of this analysis can be extended to a range of nonlinear error functions, subsequently in consent to broader mathematical approach to parameter estimation. The sorption behavior of U(VI) ions from aqueous solution was studied with untreated, treated, and immobilized rice husk by conducting batch-mode sorption experiments. The equilibrium experimental data were fitted to the Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich–Peterson isotherms by linear and nonlinear regression methods. Kinetic modeling of U(VI) ions removal was also done using linear and nonlinear pseudo-first and second-order rate expressions. In the case of nonlinear regression method, six error functions, namely hybrid fractio...


Smart spaces are currently developed for different kinds of applications. We want to describe a smart space for the production of tailor-made clothes. In the paper, we review the production process for tailor-made clothes. Then, we describe the architecture for the smart production space. We describe the advantages of such a model for different commercial services that can be linked to the online production process. We also describe the kind of sensors and the functions of the sensors that are connected online to each other. In addition the software is described that allows controlling the smart space. Finally, we summarize our work.


Abstract This article shows the evolving history of the Banff classification for allograft biopsies and gives helpful clues on properly diagnosing each classification. In today's pathology practice, a general pathologist who does not regularly sign out many transplant kidney cases may be unsure of the details that the nephrologist may need to know for proper patient treatment. This article also discusses the latest Banff classification and the differential diagnoses one may encounter when diagnosing an allograft biopsy.


Candirejo Village is a tourism village which focuses on the natural nuance of the village. The current challenge faced by Candirejo Village is how to significantly increase the number of tourists per year. In dealing with this challenge, the management should manage tourists satisfaction. The factors that need to be paid attention to the tourists' satisfaction are the attraction, facility, service, accessibility, and price. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of attraction, facility, service, accessibility, and price on the tourist's satisfaction of Candirejo Village. The analysis results show that all of the independent variables jointly affect the tourist's satisfaction in Candirejo Village. Despite that, the price was the only factor individually affecting the tourist's satisfaction in Candirejo Village. Therefore, attraction, facility, service, accessibility, and price are multi-factors. Optimal synergized of these factors can increase the tourist's satisfaction in Candirejo Village.


—Today, there is an ongoing transition to more sus- tainable transportation, and an essential part of this transition is the switch from combustion engine vehicles to battery electric vehicles (BEVs). BEVs have many advantages from a sustainability perspective, but issues such as limited driving range and long recharge times slow down the transition from combustion engines. One way to mitigate these issues is by performing battery thermal preconditioning, which increases the energy efficiency of the battery. However, to optimally perform battery thermal preconditioning, the vehicle usage pattern needs to be known, i.e., how and when the vehicle will be used. This study attempts to predict the departure time and distance of the first drive each day using different online machine learning models. The online machine learning models are trained and evaluated on historical driving data collected from a fleet of BEVs during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Additionally, the prediction models are extended to quantify the uncertainty of their predictions, which can be used as guidance to whether the prediction should be used or dismissed. We show that the best-performing prediction models yield an aggregated mean absolute error of 2.75 hours when predicting departure time and 13.37 km when predicting trip distance.


This cross-sectional study analyzes the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) and rates of medication treatment and nonfatal overdose among Medicaid enrollees in the US by state and county from 2016 to 2018.


Her cell phone rings at 6:15am just as she is loading the heavy brief case into her car to head off to the clinic. Expecting to hear the familiar voice of her friend and colleague, Dr. John Smith, a woman's voice softly delivers the shocking news: John had suddenly collapsed last evening and died a few hours later of a massive heart attack. Mary, an Advanced Practice Nurse and Dr. Smith's right hand clinician, is fully prepared to take over the responsibilities of the appointment-crammed day until she realizes that her joint protocol agreement with John, her collaborating physician, prevents her by law, from writing or renewing a single prescription without his signature on that document. Too, her insurance carrier will not reimburse her for care without a co-existing and active contract with Dr. Smith. Not only does she lose her dear friend, not only are her joint protocol and her livelihood gone, but 1500 patients are suddenly without care. In 2014, implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) is expected to confer health care insurance on more than 440,000 New Jersey (NJ) residents including an estimated 234,000 new Medicaid recipients. 1 This massive influx of the newly insured begs the question: who will provide their care? Anticipating the passage of the ACA in 2009, Torre, Joel and Aughenbaugh described NJ Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) as the logical choice to help fill the need for more health care providers in the state, but showed how existing statutory, regulatory and reimbursement barriers would impede their availability to consumers. 2 The Institute of Medicine Report: "The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health," published in March, 2010, makes this case on a nation-wide basis, arguing that nurses must be allowed to practice to the "...full extent of their education and training" and that they should be full leadership partners with physicians and other health care professionals in "...redesigning the delivery of health care in the United States." 3


The aim of this study is to determine the impressions of teacher candidates on basic school inspectors. In this study descriptive method was used. The population of this study comprises students who study in the faculty of Education in Usak University. The sample includes randomly selected 106 teacher candidates. The data were collected through a questionnaire that has two sections. The first section covers demographic questions and the second section has three open ended questions. The collected data were analysed using descriptive method. The findings of the study showed that the perceptions of teacher candidates on basic school inspectors could be grouped in 9 themes as follows: Impact (threatening, unpleasant, alarmant, worrisome, scary, thrilling, burdensome); Character/Personality (rude, sullen, serious, self disciplined, know all, nitpicking, authoritative, normative, endearing, formal, easygoing); Inspector; Inquisitorial; Authoritative; Physical appearance (short, mustached, with bag, with glasses, sweet), Respected (with status, important person etc); Assessor; Guide. Almost half of the participants said that they did not want to become inspectors in their career life. The ideas of teacher candidates related to the roles and tasks of inspectors were concentrated on the inspection task. Introduction Human beings as social beings are engaged in interpersonal interactions with one another in both social environment and work life. As a result they get impression about the person with whom they are having interaction. These impressions can be distinctive for improving social relationships. Recently organizations and individuals increasingly operate considering the "First impression lasts to the end" approach. Bearing this in mind "positive first impression" goes on to have an effect as the interaction also continues. Similarly negative impression may form barrier to interpersonal communications (Dogan, 2005:52). The concept of impression (image) in literature is defined in various ways: Impression can be defined as an impact that leaves on individuals through senses. In other words impression is a decision made after the evaluations of information and data obtained through various sources. Individuals confront numerous messages in the process of getting information and evaluate all the impressions constructed in their minds. Impression does not occur only one time and but occurs continously as a result of experiences (Guruz, 2003). Impression is the character of individuals and organizations. The impressions that individuals create affect and shape the behaviours of others. Individuals give clues to others to familiarize with themselves in the process of interactions. Individuals shape their behaviours with the help of these clues. Personnel who are content with their administrators and work environment affect each other and their surroundings and form a positive organizational culture. Attitudes and behaviours, social interactions, personal characteristics, environmental factors, habits, educational abilities and communication skills play an important role in this process (Peltekoglu, 1998: 278). For the establishment of organizational image, organizational picture, behaviours and attitudes, communication skills and abilities of the personnel portray the uniqueness and power of the organizations in competetive environment. Organizational image which is established by organizational identity involve factors such as opinions about the organization, prestige of the organization and comparison with its competetors. Organizational image also comprises emotional attributions developed for the organization as well as reasonable associations that communicate either positive or negative messages about the organization (Peltekoglu, 1998:278). One of the most important reasons why individuals cannot improve their career or come to the position they desire is because individuals are not aware of the impression they leave on others. …


When performing a specific task, a Multi-Agent System (MAS) not only needs to coordinate the whole formation but also needs to coordinate the dynamic relationship among all the agents, which means judging and adjusting their positions in the formation according to their location, velocity, surrounding obstacles and other information to accomplish specific tasks. This paper devises an integral separation feedback method for a single-agent control with a developed robot motion model; then, an enhanced strategy incorporating the dynamic information of the leader robot is proposed for further improvement. On this basis, a method of combining second-order formation control with path planning is proposed for multiple-agents following control, which uses the system dynamic of one agent and the Laplacian matrix to generate the consensus protocol. Due to a second-order consensus, the agents exchange information according to a pre-specified communication digraph and keep in a certain following formation. Moreover, an improved path planning method using an artificial potential field is developed to guide the MAS to reach the destination and avoid collisions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified with simulation results in different scenarios.


Two families are described in which the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome is apparently transmitted as an X-linked recessive character. The results of tests for the Xg blood groups and for colour vision show that the locus for the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome is not close to that for the Xg groups nor very close to the locus for deutan colour-blindness. The clinical features of this variety of the Ehlers–Danlos syndrome include considerable hyperextensibility of the skin and a bruising tendency.


This paper investigates different sleep mode mechanisms in ONUs and OLTs for point-to-point (PtP) optical access networks and time-division multiplexed passive optical networks. In order to identify appropriate sleep mode mechanisms, we consider three factors: (i) packet arrival rates, (ii) packet size as defined by protocols/standards, and (iii) sleep duration. We demonstrate through simulations that in order to achieve greater power savings while satisfying QoS requirements, fixed cyclic-sleep mode is the ideal candidate for all ONUs, whereas dynamic sleep mode and dozing mode can be used for PtP OLTs and TDM-PON OLTs, respectively. Simulation results show that the power consumption per subscriber of PtP and TDM-PON systems can be reduced by up to 42% and 50%, respectively.


Primary localized laryngeal amyloidosis is an extremely rare condition of unknown etiology. It usually presents with hoarseness of voice. Dysphagia is seen in some cases. We present the case of a 28-year-old woman with primary localized laryngeal amyloidosis who presented with hoarseness of voice. There were no signs of any systemic disease in our patient and diagnosis was established histopathologically. She was treated surgically by micro laryngoscopy under general anesthesia and the mass was excised using a CO2 laser technology method.


Environmental context Organic compounds generally make a large contribution to ambient aerosol fine particles, and can influence atmospheric chemistry. Solvent extraction before mass spectrometry is widely used for the determination of organic compounds in aerosols, but the molecular selectivity of different solvents is unclear. We extracted an aerosol sample with various solvents and show how the organic compound profile obtained by mass spectrometry changes depending on the extracting solvent. Abstract For a comprehensive characterisation of organic compounds in aerosols, samples collected on a hazy day from Beijing were sequentially extracted with various solvents and analysed by Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Electrospray ionisation (ESI) was used for the MS analysis. Aerosol samples were extracted in an apolar-to-polar solvent order of n-hexane (n-C6), dichloromethane (DCM), acetonitrile (ACN) and water, and also extracted in reverse sequence. The separated fractions were defined as non-polar, low-polarity, mid-polarity and high-polarity organic compounds respectively. Approximately 70 % of the total organic carbon (TOC) was extractable, of which the water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and non-polar organic carbon accounted for 30 and 25 % of the TOC respectively. Non-polar and low-polarity compounds with a high degree of molecular condensation such as oxidised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrogen-containing compounds (CHN) were extracted by n-C6 and DCM. Water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) was predominant with aliphatic and aromatic organosulfates (CHOS) and nitrooxy-organosulfates (CHONS). Most oxygen-containing compounds (CHO) and oxygen- and nitrogen-containing compounds (CHON) with high double-bond equivalents (DBEs) and long carbon chains tended to be extracted into organic solvents.


Food preferences of 5 species of adult carabids, Scarites substriatus, Evarthrus alternans, Pterostichus chalcites, P. lucublandus , and Harpalus pensylvanicus , were investigated under laboratory conditions. Various plant and animal material, as well as detritus were tested. Dead black cutworm larvae were the most preferred food for all species tested. H. pensylvanicus and E. alternans did, however, feed on a number of seeds. H. pensylvanicus may be quite omnivorous in its feeding habits. In general, dead crickets and both live and dead smooth-skinned Lepidoptera larvae were attractive food items, while isopods, phalangids, slugs, and earthworms were not. E. alternans, P. lucublandus , and H. pensylvanicus significantly preferred dead invertebrates over live ones. The attractiveness of dead animal material has special significance. The application of insecticides, which kill large numbers of insects, may be indirectly poisoning potential predators because of the carabid's willingness to feed on dead or dying insects.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) interacts with the nervous system directly and indirectly by affecting the activation of the immune system. Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is triggered by an inappropriate immune system activation that overlaps with the neurotoxic mechanism of an invading pathogen. Here, we discuss the complexity of an abnormal immune system response leading to the generation of autoimmunity in the setting of acute viral infection. A 67-year-old male patient with COVID-19 developed a sensory motor acute polyneuropathy with respiratory failure. Several serum inflammatory and neurodegeneration markers were collected during hospital days 1, 3, 8, and 67 and compared to healthy individuals. Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM-1) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) values were highly variable when compared to healthy individuals, but not to the reference COVID-19 group. We focused our attention on NCAM-1 as a possible target for antibodies directed at COVID-19 in silico.


The objectives of the reported work are: to complete a conceptual design of a low-cost, high performance and durable heliostat; conduct component research and development work; and develop detail design and fabricate the heliostat. The design is mass-producible and stows face down. The heliostat is described component-by-component, including mirror modules, mirror support rack, drive unit, controls, mounting. Operation and maintenance procedures are briefly explained. Appended are the results of a market study and the heliostat specifications. (LEW)


The problem of onset of convective instability in a horizontal inert porous layer saturated with a couple-stress fluid subject to zero-order chemical reaction is investigated by the method of small perturbation. Modified Darcy-couple-stress model is used to describe the fluid motion. The horizontal porous layer is cooled from the upper boundary while an isothermal boundary condition is imposed at the lower boundary. Closed form solution pertaining to the equilibrium state is obtained. The resulting eigenvalue problem, subject to realistic flow boundary conditions, is solved approximately using the Galerkin method. The media DarcyRayleigh number, characterizing the stability of the system, is calculated as a function of the Frank-Kamenetskii number, wavenumber and the couple-stress parameter. It is found that the destabilizing effect of chemical reaction on the system is more pronounced and the aspect ratio of convection cells becomes uniform provided that the couple-stress parameter is large.


Polystyrene-supported catalysts combined the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis,i.e.,high activity at lower temperature and high selectivity,while overcoming the disadvanta- ges of small molecules catalysts,such as corrosion and pollution,simple in separation and repeatedly usable.This paper reviewed recent advances particularly in polystyrene-supported acid catalysts,organic metal complex catalysts and phase transfer catalysts.It also suggested that modification treatment for poly- styrene-supported catalyst and supports and improvement of supporting methods were important paths of a- meliorating catalytic activity and enlarging application of polystyrene-supported catalyst.


The use of suitable species and varieties in organic cropping systems is essential for improving resource use efficiency, biodiversity, and agroecosystem resilience. Within the SIC-OLEAT project, a 2-year field trial was carried out in two contrasting environments of Central Italy, with the aim to hypothesize a production path for linseed inclusion within organic farming. The effects of location, genotype and sowing date on crop phenology, agronomic performances, and qualitative traits were evaluated. Generally, linseed showed good agronomic traits that make it suitable to be introduced in organic systems. Autumn sowing coupled with milder and wetter conditions seemed to be more favorable for linseed cultivation, allowing a higher seed yield (2.1 vs. 1.3 Mg ha−1) and oil content (47.2 vs. 45.2%). From multivariate analysis, the superior genotypes were Kaolin > Szafir > Galaad, and among these Kaolin had the highest production stability. On the contrary, Libra was the lowest performing one and the most unstable. These findings underline the importance of a site-specific approach for choosing the most suitable variety, since both sowing date and location are meteoclimatic-related factors. Definitively, our results demonstrated that linseed might be a valuable autumn alternative for organic cropping system diversification, contributing to the local production of vegetable oils and proteins.


Renewable energy resources are playing an increasingly important role in serving consumers at the distribution level of power systems. This paper studies a duopoly two-settlement local renewable energy market, in which one energy supplier has controllable generations (with the help of energy storage) while the other supplier has random generations. In the day-ahead energy market, suppliers determine the bidding prices and quantities, and then consumers decide the energy quantity to purchase from each supplier. In the real-time energy market, a supplier gets penalized if he cannot deliver the amount of energy as committed in the day-ahead market. We formulate the interactions between suppliers and consumers in the day-ahead market as a two-stage problem. The two-dimensional bidding strategies (price and quantity) in the day-ahead market together with the penalty in the real-time market increase the complexity of the equilibrium analysis. To address such a challenge, we first derive weakly dominant bidding quantity strategies for both suppliers, and then characterize the corresponding pure and mixed price equilibrium. We demonstrate that the supplier with controllable generations can earn a much higher payoff than the supplier with random generations. In some cases, however, we show the perhaps counterintuitive result that a higher penalty or a higher variance of random generations may increase both suppliers' payoffs.


The authors consider the blow-up solutions of the Cauchy problem for the critical nonlinear Schrdinger equation with a harmonic potential,which models the attractive Bose-Einstein condensate.The lower bound of blow-up rate is obtained.Furthermore,the L~2-concentration property of the radially symmetric blow-up solutions is obtained.


Traducao do texto Jacques Lacan, " l'Autre " de Andre Breton , de Jacqueline Chenieux-Gendron, na qual a autora problematiza articulacoes existentes entre o pensamento de Jacques Lacan e Andre Breton.   Translation of paper entitled Jacques Lacan, " l'Autre " de Andre Breton , written by Jacqueline Chenieux-Gendron, in which the author discusses intersections between the thought of Jacques Lacan and that of Andre Breton.


This paper discusses the characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals due to the effects of mobile phone RF radiation exposure. The observation is focused on beta and alpha sub-bands. EEG recording was conducted on 66 healthy subjects for 3 sessions, pre, during and post RF radiation with 5 minutes exposure for each session. The subjects were divided into two groups refer to the side of exposure which is Left Exposure (LE) and Right Exposure (RE) group. Power Asymmetry Ratio (PAR) has been applied to determine the brainwave characteristics due to RF radiation. PAR value of the EEG signals in LE and RE group shows a decrement from pre to post RF radiation session. The correlation of PAR beta-alpha signals decrease when comparing between the sessions after exposed to the RF radiation (0.774 to 0.618 in LE and 0.579 to 0.295 in RE).


Forest fire is one of the most critical environmental risks in all the Mediterranean Countries. The fight against these emergencies requires useful tools to predict the propagation and behaviour of forest fire in order to take the best decisions. It means it is necessary to know the propagation and behaviour of the forest fire in advance to act in the best possible way. However, this is a complex problem that requires high performance computing capabilities to provide accurate results faster than real time. High performance computing, mainly parallel and distributed systems, provide the computing capabilities to solve this problem in a reasonable time. In this work we present a parallel approach to simulate the forest fire propagation.


FIELD: construction. SUBSTANCE: hydraulic structure for intake of subsurface spring water comprises reservoir with charged bottom filter installed in water-bearing bed, and indicator of water level, pump with suction hose to pump subsurface water, reservoir for collection and discharge of spring water communicated with suction hose of pump, system of pipelines. Besides, it is additionally equipped with the second working reservoir, communicated with the first reservoir by means of split-level pipes, and a reserve reservoir communicated with the second working reservoir and installed below level of location of the latter. Besides, suction hose of pump is arranged in the second reservoir equipped with facilities providing for free flow of subsurface water into natural reservoir. At the same time the lowest split-level pipe is located below minimum water level in low water in the first reservoir. Both working and reserve reservoirs are arranged in serial order and are equipped with hydraulic insulation layer of required height arranged around each reservoir. EFFECT: simplicity and reliability of design, production of cleaner water. 7 cl, 1 dwg


Currently Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is not only used as a tool, but also serves as an IT enabled service and a strategic role for an organization. In order for ICT to be utilized optimally to help the organization achieve its goals, good ICT governance is required. It is regulated in PP no. 82 Th. 2012 on the Implementation of Electronic Transactions and Systems. IT Telkom Purwokrto is an organization engaged in the education sector that focuses on the field of Telematics. Therefore, the process of ICT governance needs to be regulated in order to be utilized properly and maximally. To set it required audit process to measure how far the level of capabilities SI / IT that has been applied in IT Telkom Purwokerto in helping business process. COBIT 5 is a standard that can be used to audit the extent of the level of SI / IT capabilities applied within an organization. It is caused the COBIT 5 method in lines with the regulations and ISO 9001: 2015 standards that will be used by IT TELKOM PURWOKERTO in controlling the quality management system of the Institution. From the observation result, it is found that indication of IS / IT governance problem in IT TELKOM PURWOKERTO.
The governance of SI / TI is regulated in PP. 82 Th. 2012 on the Implementation of Electronic Transactions and Systems, and ISO 9001: 2015 standards. In the COBIT 5 method, these are discussed within the EDM (Evaluate, Direct, Monitor) domain of the EDM01 process. It's about governs the Set and Maintenance of the Governance Framework. The result of this research is the level of capability of EDM01 process in IT TELKOM PURWOKERTO is at level 1 at Largely Acheived level with value 58,33%.
Keywords : IT Governance, COBIT 5, Process Assessment Model, EDM01


Abstract David Sugarman reflects briefly on developments regarding legal biography and considers the future role and value of biography within the legal community and especially in the context of socio-legal research.


ABSTRACT: Congenital giant hairy nevi (CGHN) need excision for aesthetic purpose and for its predisposition to malignant transformation. Serial excision using a tissue expander gives an excellent full thickness cover and aesthetically a pleasing result.


Title of Dissertation: Estimating High Spatial Resolution Clear-Sky Land Surface Longwave Radiation Budget from MODIS and GOES Data Wenhui Wang, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Shunlin Liang, Professor Department of Geography The surface radiation budget (SRB) is important in addressing a variety of scientific and application issues related to climate trends, hydrological and biogeophysical modeling, and agriculture. The three longwave components of SRB are surface downwelling, upwelling, and net longwave radiation (LWDN, LWUP, and LWNT). Existing surface longwave radiation budget (SLRB) datasets have coarse spatial resolution and their accuracy needs to be greatly improved. This study develops new hybrid methods for estimating instantaneous clear-sky high spatial resolution land LWDN and LWUP from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, 1km) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES, 2-10 km) data. The hybrid methods combine extensive radiation transfer (physical) and statistical analysis (statistical) and share the same general framework. LWNT is derived from LWDN and LWUP. This study is the first effort to estimate SLRB using MODIS 1 km data. The new hybrid methods are unique in at least two other aspects. First, the radiation transfer simulation accounted for land surface emissivity effect. Second, the surface pressure effect in LWDN was considered explicitly by incorporating surface elevation in the


RCN general secretary Christine Hancock is the second highest earning union leader in the UK, with a pay deal worth £87,221. Roger Lyons, general secretary of the MSE union, the parent organisation of the Health Visitors' Association, is seventh with a salary of £57,264 plus benefits worth £14,416.


Reference lenses play an important role in test of spherical surfaces. In this condition, the ray reflected from the tested spherical surface goes the same way as that from the last surface of the reference lenses. If the two rays go different way, the focus of the reference lenses is not coincidence with its last surface's curvature center, and system error is produced. The deviations between the focus and the curvature center of the last surface for a series of reference lenses are studied in this paper.


Education systems play a fundamental role in mitigating or transferring inequalities from one generation to the next. One would presume that the Czech Republic, given its egalitarian tradition and track record of redistributive social transfers, would also have developed an education system that equalises the educational opportunities of different socio-economic groups. Contrary to such presumptions, a wealth of data has shown that the Czech Republic has some of the greatest inequalities in educational access and attainment in the OECD. Students from poorer and less educated families systematically attain lower levels of education (and have a lower chance of being accepted to college) than students from richer and more educated households. Which factors best explain these educational inequalities, and what can be done to remedy them? Unequal Chances in Education [2006], edited by Petr Matějů and Jana Straková,1 is the first major work of its kind to compare the educational inequalities in the Czech Republic with those of other countries, to offer compelling explanations of the causes of Czech educational inequalities, and to highlight possible remedies. Unequal Chances in Education builds on some of the previous research findings by Matějů and his collaborators on the role of education in the processes of social stratification in the transition context. In 'Education as a Strategy of Life Success', Matějů and Řeháková [1996] used survey data before and after the Velvet Revolution to measure the increasing importance of the perceived role of education in achieving higher status. Such changing perceptions, which were linked to the rising economic returns of education during the early transition years, played a comparatively significant role in shaping life choices. In fact, these subjective evaluations of status mobility mattered even more than class-based determinants in explaining whether people saw themselves as winners or losers in the economic transition [Matějů 1996]. Since university graduates not only earned significantly more than non-graduates but also saw themselves as experiencing strong socio-economic ascent [Matějů and Večerník 1999: 157–181], it is not surprising that university education has experienced a significant supply-demand imbalance. While the number


Objective
To compare the long-term efficacy between laparoscopic liver resection and open liver resection to treat small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
The clinical data of 52 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma treated from August 2011 to November 2012 were reviewed. Twenty patients underwent laparoscopic liver resection (the laparoscopic group), while the remaining 32 patients underwent open liver resection (the laparotomy group). The preoperative, postoperative and overall survival data between the two groups were compared.

Results
The data between the two groups before surgery were comparable (all P>0.05). The differences in tumor size and pathologic type between the two groups did not reach statistical significance (t=1.087, χ2=0.738, all P>0.05). However, the length of hospital stay in the laparoscopic group was significantly shorter than in the laparotomy group (t=3.363, P 0.05), but the recurrence-free survival of the laparoscopic group was significantly longer than the laparotomy group (P 0.05), though the 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were significantly different (all P<0.05).

Conclusion
The long-term overall survival rate of laparoscopic treatment for small liver cancer was similar to open operation, but the recurrence free survival rate was greatly improved.

Key words:
Small hepatocellular carcinoma; Laparoscopy; Hepatectomy; Long-term efficacy


Blockchains are shared, immutable ledgers for recording the history of transactions. They substitute a new generation of transactional applications that establish trust, accountability, and transparency. It enables contract partners to secure a deal without involving a trusted third party. The internet of things (IoT) is rapidly changing our society to a world where every "thing" is connected to the internet, making computing pervasive like never before. It is increasingly becoming a ubiquitous computing service, requiring huge volumes of data storage and processing. The stable growth of the internet of things (IoT) and the blockchain technology popularized by cryptocurrencies has led to efforts to change the centralized nature of the IoT. Adapting the blockchain technology for use in the IoT is one such efforts. This chapter focuses on blockchain-IoT research directions and to provide an overview of the importance of blockchain-based solutions for cloud data manipulation in IoT.


Objective To observe changes of plasma thrombinogen segment 1+2(FI+2)and D-dimer(D-D)in multiple trauma patients and exphlore their relations with traumatic disseminated intra-vascular coagulation(DIC). Methods A total of 66 multiple trauma patients were divided into minor injury group(ISS<16 points,21 patients)and severe multiple trauma group(ISS≥16 points,45 pa-tients).Then.severe multiple trauma group were divided into DIC group(12 patients)and non-DIC group(33 patients).Another 10 healthy pemons were served as control group.Venous blood was collect-ed once in the control group and that collected from other groups at days 1,3 and 7 after injury.The F1 +2 concentrarion was detetrained with ELISA.and the D-D concentration was measured by automated la-tex enhanced immunoassay. Results The F1+2 and D-D levels in the minor injury group and sever multiple trauma group were both higher than that of the control group.In the meantime.the F1+2 and D-D levels in severe injury group were remarkably higher than that in the minor injury group.The plasma F1 +2 and D-D levels were elevated continuously in traumatic DIC group and remarkably higher than that in the non.DIC group.in which the plasma F1+2 and D-D levels gradually declined.Plasma F1+2 and D-D levels had significantly positive correlations at days 1,3 and 7 after injury. Conclusions Hiigher levels of F1+2 and D.D at acute stage is not only relevant to the injury severity,but also closely to the occurrence of traumatic DIC after injury.Detection of plasma F1+2 and D-D levels may play an impor-taut role in early prediction of DIC.

Key words:
Multiple trauma; Disseminated intravascular coagulation; Thrombinogen seg-ment 1+2; D-dimer


GaAs based solar cells have been developed for spacecraft use for several years. However, acceptance and application of these cells for spacecraft missions has been slow because of their high cost and concerns about their integration onto solar panels. Spectrolab has now completed fabrication of solar panels with GaAs/Ge solar cells for a second space program. This paper will focus on the design, fabrication and test of GaAs/Ge solar panels for the Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (SAMPEX) Program.


The efficient generation, coherent control, manipulation and measurement of quantum states of light and matter is at the core of quantum technologies. Hybrid quantum systems, where one combines the best parts of multiple individual quantum systems together without their weaknesses, are now seen as a way to engineer composite quantum systems with the properties one requires. This would in principle allow one to probe new physical regimes. However, the issue until recently has been that hybridization has not resulted in systems with superior properties. Recently however we [Nature Photonics 11, 3639 (2016)] have shown an increased coherence times in hybrid system is of composed nitrogen-vacancy centers strongly coupled to a superconducting microwave resonator. This demonstration has enabled this kind of hybrid system to enter the regime where quantum nonlinearities are present. We discuss several types of nonlinearity effects that can be naturally explored (bistability and superradiance). Our work paves the way for the creation of spin squeezed states, novel metamaterials, long-lived quantum multimode memories and solid-state microwave frequency combs. Further in the longer term it may enable the exploration of many-body phenomena in new cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments.


A finite group G is said to be a B(n, k) group if for any n-element subset {a 1,…, a n } of G, |{a i a j |1 ≤ i, j ≤ n}| ≤k. In this article, we give characterizations of the B(5, 19) 2-groups, and the B(6, k) 2-groups for 21 ≤ k ≤ 28.


Sir, the recent report on acute gastroenteritis, video camera and cruise ship is very interesting [1]. Diskin et al. [1] discussed on the use of "surveillance video cameras" as a possible mean to manage the problem. At present, the gastroenteritis on cruise ships becomes a new concern in travel medicine due to increased prevalence [2]. In fact, the port control of the immigrant with infectious disease is usually a difficult thing. The problem can be the same as the problem identified at airports. The short observation by any tool might contribute to detection of the infectious disease. Controlling the problem during the cruise seems to be difficult and the control of infection during the cruise is sometimes unsuccessful. Adopting improved sanitation practices during the cruise can be a good preventive method [3]. The additional process such as mandatory health certification might also be useful. However, this might cause a problem with the privacy of cruise passengers.


Only 10% of ovarian cancer is hereditary, but many studies have examined women in this subgroup. Unselected long-term OC users have a 50% reduced


We study the entry timing and location decisions of two exclusive buyer-supplier relationships in a continuous-time spatial competition model. In each relationship, the firms determine their entry timing and location, and negotiate a wholesale price through Nash bargaining. Then, the downstream firm immediately determines its retail price. Our findings are as follows. Ordinarily, if the supplier of the first entrant (called the leader pair) has strong bargaining power, the equilibrium location of the leader will be closer to the center, inducing a delay in entry by the second entrant (called the follower pair). This delay implies the stronger bargaining power of the supplier in the leader pair can also benefit the buyer of the pair. The location of the leader pair can change non-monotonically with an increase in the supplier's bargaining power, which has a substantial impact on the entry timing of the follower pair. However, the greater the bargaining power of the supplier in the follower pair, the closer the leader pair will be to the edge. This implies that having greater bargaining power will enhance the profitability of the supplier in the follower pair.


Abstract Coccidiosis continues to affect caged layers worldwide despite keeping them on wire all their productive lives. Coccidiosis in caged layers, diagnosed either in clinical or subclinical forms, has one feature in common, unpredictability. Until recently, despite the use of vaccine, coccidiosis remained problematic, particularly at the beginning of lay, likely related to the low protective immunity for a lack of vehicle for recycling. An approach for using paper plates, both for vaccination as well as recycling is described. Caged layers that were vaccinated once with gel-puck coccidiosis vaccine laid at over 90% continuously for over 24 wk with little or no problem of coccidiosis.