The high benzene gas selectivity of mesoporous silicate (SBA-15) was observed in the sub-nanometre micropore condensation region. The benzene/toluene ratios of the adsorbed amount were >100 and >6 in ideal and pseudo-atmospheric environments, respectively.


Investigations regarding the failure behavior of heavy wire bonds show a significant decrease of cycles in strength with increasing wire diameter. The article explains the reasons theoretically. Based on the theory, possibilities to increase reliability are discussed. The innovation about this is the shaping of a chute on the bonding surface. This has to happen in a way that the current ampacity is not reduced. A laser will therefore cut across the bonding surface crosswise to the course of the wire. Previously the particular depth of cut is determined by simulation. The simulations prove the theoretically predicted enhancement of the reliability true. In addition, the method can be used as "non-destructive" in-situ measurement for quality assurance, since the crack growth can be derived from the thermography directly in the notches. The notches work as a magnifier for the thermography camera and eliminate the black coloring as a precondition in typical thermography. The research work is carried out withi...


The flower sector in Ecuador represents the second non-oil related income source for the state that's why a correct identification and control of the pathogens for these crops is important. The genre Alternaria comprehends a series of saprophytic and pathogenic fungi that have a great impact in crops all over the world. Alternaria species can be found in almost all over the world and because their great range of host they are considered as generalists pathogens. At the moment, it hasn´t been reported the presence of Alternaria infections in rose crops. In this investigation I´ll prove that despite the roses are not a common host for Alternaria alternata and Alternaria japonica they can cause infection and it is likely that it´s mistaken for Botrytis cinerea infections, a widely known rose pathogen.
To prove the hypothesis, pathogenicity bioessays in rose petals of the variety Vendela with two isolates of Alternaria alternata and Alternaria japonica obtained from broccoli leaves from broccoli farms of the Cotopaxi province were performed. Additionally, bioessays in broccoli leaves were also performed with the same isolates as control. The four isolates were capable of infecting rose petals and broccoli leaves as well. Proving that the isolates: Alternaria alternata and Alternaria japonica might be infecting roses indicating a host shift.


The Paris cityscape, which is largely a product of the transformations effected under the Second Empire by the Prefect Haussmann and the City administration, is astonishing for its degree of uniformity. However, on closer inspection, Haussmannien thoroughfares present all sorts of irregularities depending on which streets we examine. In this paper, we analyze in detail those deformities by studying a highly atypical Haussmannien thoroughfare: Rue des Pyrenees in the 20th arrondissement of Paris. Once the deformity has been identified, hypotheses are developed to explain it in relation to the specific actions of the plot owners and o the socio-politico-economical context.


How may teacher education go beyond the conventional channels in developing a deeper understanding of human rela tionships? Can enriching experiences be extended at the preservice level? How can the institution take fullest advantage of the resources in its area? These are some of the issues explored by Mr. Free hill, Director, Bureau of Research, West ern Washington College of Education, Bellingham.


the tacit knowledge represents the knowledge and skills that stored in the employees' minds in order to perform their working tasks. The performance of the organizations services are depending on the level of tacit knowledge of the employees. The organizations should evaluate the tacit knowledge resources to sustain the competitive advantages over other organizations in same industry. The evaluation of tacit knowledge is not simple due to intangible nature of this type of knowledge. Hence, the key performance indicator (KPI) approach is important to evaluate the tacit knowledge of the employees based on applicable indicators. The main aim of this paper is to propose KPI model for effective evaluation of tacit knowledge level of the academicians in the Iraqi universities. The proposed KPI model was constructed based on qualitative data collection. The unstructured interview was applied on 14 experts in the knowledge management level. The data analysis focused on identifies the non-financial indicators to evaluate the tacit knowledge as well as the attributes and formulas to apply the evaluation based on the identified indicators. The proposed KPI model was proposed depend on 11 performance indicators that could evaluate the level of academicians' tacit knowledge according to various activities such as researching, teaching, and supervision. Example of the performance indicators are experience year, qualification level, achievements, innovated idea, publishing quantity and quality, number of supervised students, and number of students that the academic staff are teach. Depends on the indicators variety, the proposed KPI model could improve the evaluation reliability of academicians' tacit knowledge level.


Low-power (up to 500 kW) expansion turbomachines (ETM) and the units based on them are frequently used for the solution of ecology and energy-saving problems to increase the reliability and the technological effectiveness of the equipment. When developing low-power units we face the problems related to a decrease in the efficiency of classic expansion turbomachines. Today, the market offers comparatively new low flow-rate eddy expansion turbomachines and as a result we have to define the fields for their rational application and their advantages in comparison with analogous options. This scientific paper defines the criterion systems for the comparative analysis of the performances of low flow- rate low-power ETM of a different type. The experimental data of investigation of the flow channels of eddy expansion machines with the external peripheral channel were analyzed and the relationships between the criterion systems used for eddy ETM were obtained and the fields for their rational application, in particular to develop low-power (up to 500 kW) low flow-rate and low-speed turbogenerators and turbodrives for the industry, municipal engineering and agriculture were defined.  The main advantages of eddy expansion machines in comparison to axial or radial machines are their relatively simple design, technological effectiveness, low production cost price and comparatively low speed. Therefore, if the eddy ETM is used the unit can be designed using no reduction gear. The advantages of eddy expansion machines enable the manufacturing of a rather simple and reliable turbodrive or turbogenerator with the payback period of 1 to 2 years.


This report will take a brief look at socio-economic relation between porcelain painting artists, producers and consumers. The author will be drawing from the author's experience gained in the visiting and resident time in more than 10 European porcelain factories, collaboration with Art universities, leading the Porcelain painting workshops at International Art Teacher and Porcelain Painting Symposia in Latvia and abroad. Personal experience and studying of International Porcelain painters organization home pages and over 100 china painters websites made it possible to analyze and compare the possibility of vocational training, the artist's creative career opportunities, professional literature and the membership in the professional organizations and institutions. Porcelain painting art is ceramic technology – based result of individual creativity. The socio-economic relation interaction between artist, producer and consumer marked historically important stages of development of the porcelain painting art. The education plays the crucial importance on the social integration processes of artist. The professional stratification and integration process realizes in the there distinct and isolated groups of porcelain painters – 1. An artists integrated in the porcelain industry. 2. An artists integrated in the ceramic art structures. 3. Artists integrated in the china painters organized structures. Balance between self-expression needs and material needs of the individual artist inability to self-realization problems. Internal needs depended on the artist as creative personality viability in porcelain factory. The opportunity to create personal studio contribute to the development of porcelain painting art, but the artist does not guarantee the competitiveness of the market and material support to the existence. The need to ensure the existence powered of professional socialization processes that result in porcelain painting artists replace existing or fit into other professional and public bodies. Latvia has its own tradition of porcelain art and great artists, but their creative potential sales opportunities in today's socio-economic conditions have not been investigated. In Latvia no more exist first group – in porcelain industry integrated artists, because porcelain industry no more existed. The third group, have not developed because the Latvian artists are not integrated into the International World China Painters organizations. In Latvia Porcelain painting as a hobby art are not very popular, so the knowledge and skills of porcelain painting is not yet a product of the request. The author reveals the socio-economic stratification of professional interaction – induced effects on an artist's creative performance and points to the social background to create a typology of porcelain painting art objects.


FRED COOLBORThe development of resistance in many microorganisms to synthetic drugs, inability of these synthetic drugs to provide cure for some diseases and infections calls for serious attention. Due to this development, the antimicrobial activity, phytochemical analysis and antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethanol leaf extracts of Phyllanthus muellerianus was studied. Well in agar diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial test. Chemical methods was used for the preliminary phytochemical screening and the in vitro antioxidant tests. The aqueous leaf extract possessed higher antibacterial potency (14.0±0.16–37.3±0.03 mm) on the test bacteria species and less of antifungal activity (5.0±0.2–16.0±0.0 mm) than the antibacterial (6.2±0.5–20.8±0.3 mm) and antifungal antibiotics (6.5±0.07-17.7±0.4 mm) respectively. Methanol extract only inhibited Candida krusei with inhibition of 4.5±0.3 mm. In both the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals N AKHARAIYI* AND ABAYOMI OLABANJO DINA screened, aqueous extract was of higher yield thanmethanol extract. The in vitro antioxidant assay of the leaf extract in free radical scavenging (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant and hydroxyl radical scavenging properties yielded values able to represent antimicrobial potentials which may make the plant serve as alternative medicine for cure of the many microbial disease origins that plaque around properties was exhibited by P. muellerianus leaf extract, it may enhance a large segment of the world population to rely upon the use of traditional system of medicine for disease healing with novel plants. screened, aqueous extract was of higher yield than the world. As valuable antimicrobial potential, phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant


A strengthened Hardy-Hilbert's inequality is improved by means of a sharpening of Hlder's inequality,and then a new inequality is established.


Cellulose triacetate for liquid crystal display was prepared by acetylation at high temperature and hydrolyzation at low temperature.The structure and properties of CTA and its film were analyzed by IR,UV,mechanical property tester and chemical analysis.The spectrum of IR show that the acetyl groups grafts to cellulose skeleton to form cellulose triacetate.It is found that acetyl content of CTA is up to 60% or more,CTA film shows high transparency,low birefringence and sufficient mechanical properties,these properties adapt to the use as protective film for polarizing plate of liquid crystal display.


Disclosed an electron emission device includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate. A first electrode and a second electrode are formed on the first substrate and insulated from each other. Electron emission regions are electrically connected to at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode. A phosphor layer is formed on the second substrate. An anode electrode is formed on a surface of the phosphor layer. An area of the electron emission regions is an emission area, and at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode includes a pair of line portions spaced apart from each other in parallel while interposing the emission area therebetween and a connector traversing the emission area to interconnect the pair of line portions.


The method of quality assurance at soldering the microcircuits with face leads at superficial installation of electronic units for space equipment is offered. At stage of technological preparation of production the special articles in addition to typical monitoring system to estimate quality of soldering by visual morpho-logical research and microanalysis of soldered leads zone is offered. Experimental data under stannum and lead maintenance in different areas of soldered connections are received. Homogeneity of soldering paste components is estimated.


Purpose. To describe within- and between-subject mean differences between and among temperature sites (oral, axilla, PA) and instruments. Methods. A convenience sample (N = 35) of volunteering, adult (18 years), 1st-day postcardiac surgery inpatients was obtained. Temperature-sensing instruments included Geratherm DataTherm and SolarTherm, and Abbott Opticath fiber optic PA catheters. For 21 min, simultaneous temperature readings (°C) at 4 temperature sites with 3 thermometry devices were monitored. Results. Mean difference at 21 min PA and between DataTherm axilla and PA = 0.72°C (SD 0.30); between PA and SolarTherm oral = 0.62°C (SD 0.34); and between PA and SolarTherm axilla = 0.46°C (SD 0.16). Temperature levels were not a factor relative to difference scores between study and reference devices. Conclusions. Both test devices, SolarTherm (an intermittent-use device) and DataTherm (a temperature-monitoring device), performed well, and correlated strongly with PA temperature assesments.


Independent lines of evidence implicate the amygdala in the pathophysiology of mental illness or substance use disorders. In order to elucidate the role of the amygdala in these disorders in a neurodevelopmental context, and as comorbid conditions, we tested the effects of neonatal amygdala lesions (NAL) in rats in mental illness and addiction‐related paradigms. Adult NAL rats show altered responses to social and anxiogenic stimuli, and they are hyperresponsive to both novelty and repeated cocaine injections. Additionally, drug history has differential behavioral effects on NAL and non‐lesioned animals. Taken together, these results suggest that the amygdala is an important neurocircuit component underlying substance disorder comorbidity in mental illness, and that NALs may represent a viable animal model of dual‐diagnosis phenomena.


The progressive breakdown of cell mediated immunity is a feature in the pathology of HIV disease. Although not lost from the circulation, with disease progression cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are less able to contain numerous pathogens including HIV itself. Interleukin (IL)-7 and its signalling via the IL-7 receptor (CD127) is essential for optimal CTL activity. Our demonstration that fewer CD8 T cells from HIV* patients express CD127 as compared to healthy individuals, implicates a role for the regulation of CD127 expression in the immunopathogenesis of HIV. Thus, we hypothesize that altered CD127 expression and/or function on CD8 T cells contributes to impaired cell mediated immunity. This thesis reports an examination of which host or viral factors may be responsible for the down-regulation of CD127 on CD8 T cells in HIV infection and the mechanism(s) by which these host and/or viral factors decrease CD127 expression on CD8 T cells. It also assesses whether HIV down-regulates CD127 expression on CD8 T cells in vitro, and evaluates if the functional capacity of CD127 is altered in HIV infection. Of all the host and viral factors tested, IL-7, IL-4 and HIV-1tat caused a down-regulation in surface CD127 expression on CD8 T cells, without affecting CD127 mRNA. IL-7 did not increase internalization of surface CD127, but caused shedding of the receptor. Furthermore, In vitro HIV infection of PBMC caused a


The opportunity for mutual benefit across Europe to develop low‐cost MCM technologies arose from recognition of the scientific skills and design and prototyping capabilities in organic and inorganic circuits in countries of Central Europe. As a result, the leading research institutions and small/medium‐size enterprises of Hungary, Romania and Slovenia together with relevant institutions of the UK and Belgium proposed and received approval for a European Union INCO‐Copernicus project "Cheap multichip models" to establish fast prototyping low cost multichip module (MCM) technology facilities. The project commenced in May 1997.


This article reports the results of an exploratory study to investigate the usage patterns of social networking services (SNS) by Malaysian tertiary level students. The focus in this paper is on the collaborative use of SNS including the factors (variables of level of study, gender and academic performance) that might have influenced how SNS is used by Malaysian students. This focus is necessary as so far, no research have looked at these variables across the population of Malaysian university students. An online survey was carried out using convenience sampling and this returned a usable result set of N=16661. Frequency analysis revealed that 68.6% of respondents used SNS to collaborate with their peers, and more than half join study groups on SNS (57.5%) as well as course groups created by their lecturers (56.1%) at a high level of frequency; many reported using SNSs often/all the time for these purposes. Further analysis showed statistical significance for almost all the variables investigated. However, results of Cohen's effect size indicated that the differences between the Postgraduate-Undergraduate variable pairs (Collaboration d = 0.27 and Community of Practice d = 0.24) have a small to moderate practical significance which may be meaningful. The findings suggest that the practical and pedagogical differences between undergraduate and postgraduate levels of study should be given due consideration when integrating the use of SNS into higher education in Malaysia.


The present case study analyzes the monasteries of the Historical Center of Quito and looks for the monasteries that have opened their doors to tourism from 2012 to 2016. This study focuses on identifying in a qualitative manner, which monasteries within the Historical Center have opened their doors to tourism from 2012 to 2016, and which is their tangible and intangible heritage through field observations, interviews and bibliographic review. Within Quito's Historical Center, there are four convents and six monasteries: Convento de San Agustin, Convento de San Francisco, Convento de Santo Domingo, Convento de la Merced, Monasterio de Santa Clara, Monasterio de la Concepcion, Monasterio del Carmen de San Jose Alto o Antiguo, Monasterio del Buen Pastor y Monasterio del Carmen Bajo; All of these have opened their convent or monastic sets well before 2012, or, have not considered tourist visits. On the other hand, the following monasteries: Monasterio de San Juan de las Agustinas de la Encarnacion and Monasterio Santa Catalina de Siena, have opened their doors to society during the mentioned years. Within these two monastic infrastructures, countless works, whether they are paintings, wood carvings, silver, gold or bronze jewelry or photographs can be observed. Also, the intangible heritage and the history that these places possess, make each monastery unique. As a result, the above mentioned monasteries are an essential part of the tourist attractions of in the Historical Center.


Currently, the growing cost of operational expenditure (OPEX) and capital expenditure (CAPEX) of mobile technologies is constraining the development of new services and applications. The high complexity of the systems requires continuous upgrading and manual re-con guration of the equipments. Operators have to do their best to nd and mitigate a big range of problems, such as link failures, security attacks, Quality of Service degradation, software bugs, among others. In some cases, the only solution is the installation of new hardware equipment and the corresponding partial interruption of service and violations in Service Level Agreements (SLA). In this context, the 5G mobile network architecture is expected to support a big range of advanced requirements, in terms of latency, coverage, bandwidth, security and others. The vision of 5G also includes an integrated self-organized ecosystem of networking, computing and storage resources capable of executing proactive and reactive management tasks. To ful ll this vision, the Self-Organized Network Management in Virtualized and Software De ned Networks SELFNET H2020 project aims to design and implement an autonomic network management framework. The framework will provide self-organizing management capabilities by automatically detect and mitigate network problems that are currently manually solved by network operators. Similarly, SELFNET integrates the self-management paradigm with the use of data mining, learning algorithms, pattern recognition to identify the network behaviour and take actions in order to prevent and minimize several network problems...


In this paper, a supervisory control concept for wind farms is proposed based on the neighboring wind turbines control functions in localized areas for power optimization considering wake effects. The flow control in wind farms to maximize power production is a challenging problem due to its time-varying nonlinear wake dynamics. Hence, we develop a method that authorizes coordination in a wind farm for a squarely payoff-based scenario where the turbines have access only to measurements from their neighbors via repeated interactions. Therefore, in order to maximize output power in a wind farm, an Adaptive Learning Game Theory (ALGT) method is introduced. This control scheme provides an interaction framework that constructs a series of common control functions. Here, in every iteration, each turbine chooses an independent decision according to a localized control law. The control objective of wind turbine [Formula: see text] determines how each turbine adjusts a decision at each iteration by processing available information.


By long time of producing, organic and inorganic plugging is existed in the bottom of water-injection wells and conventional acidizing can not remove the plugging. The main cause of formation damage in water-injection wells is organic plugging including bitumen, paraffin wax, mechanical impurity, clay mineral hydrating, endogenous and exogenous granula velocity sensitivity, etc.. Using alkaline agent and chlorhydric/borofluorhydric compound acid to treat formation, i. e. , alkaline agent react with plugging and remove that firstly, then borofluorhydric compound acid react with deep formation mineral, the plugging in water-injection wells which is removed difficultly by conventional a-cidizing can be prevented availably and the formation property can be improved, as well as the formation permeability can be increased because of the acid fluids react with formation mineral. Field application indicates that organic and inorganic plugging in water-injection wells has been removed effectively and fluid status in bottom hole has been improved by the act of ahead alkaline agent and borofluorhydric compound acid. Therefore, injection pressures of the wells havs been reduced evidently, successful productions havs been ensured.


Rising global demand for informal care makes it increasingly important to have a comprehensive understanding of carers' experiences. However, research is thought to be skewed towards women's experience, leading some to call men 'forgotten carers'. A systematic
 review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines was conducted to assess the gender balance of study samples of family carers of someone living with cancer. A total of 82 articles involving 14,352 participants were reviewed. Overall, 35.5 per cent
 of participants were men and 64.5 per cent were women. Researchers should seek to overcome barriers to men's participation in carer research in order to ensure the experiences of male and female carers are recognised through research.


The invention discloses a pressing type testing device for bonding property of a reinforcement and concrete of a site withdrawing member. The pressing type testing device comprises an outer frame, a hydraulic jack, a probe, a testing piece, a load sensor, a reinforcement displacement testing device and a controlling device. The testing piece is fixed on the bottom beam of the outer frame. A sliding groove is reserved at the bottom of a transverse beam of the outer frame, and the hydraulic jack is mounted inside the sliding groove. One end of the probe is connected with a transmission shaft of the hydraulic jack, the other end of the probe is contacted with the reinforcement of the testing piece, and the diameter of the probe is smaller than that of the reinforcement. The controlling device is connected with the load sensor and the reinforcement displacement testing device. The pressing type testing device can be used for testing the bonding property of the reinforcement and the concrete on the condition that the bonding property of reinforcement is not exposed, and positioning of the probe is facilitated and accurate, structure is simple, dismounting is facilitated, and required materials and instruments are less.


Microorganism (strain DF 218) producing thermostable pretense was isolated from Korean soil and compost. It was Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, and spore-forming with yellowish white colony color, Temperature range for growth at pH 6.5 was , with optimum growth at . pH range for growth at was 5-7 with optimum of 6.5, which indicates strain DF 218 to be thermophilic. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain DF 218 had 95% sequence similarity with that of Bacillus flexus. Based on physiological properties and phylogenetic analysis, we proposed the isolated strain as Bacillus sp. DF 218. Pretense was produced aerobically at for 32 hr in a medium (pH 6.5) containing 1% each trypton, glucose, and NaCl. Its molecular weight was estimated as 61 kDa, with optimum temperature and pH of and 7.5, respectively.


The 'field' performance of different geosynthetics to reinforce ballasted rail tracks was investigated. An extensive monitoring program was undertaken on fully instrumented track sections constructed near Singleton, New South Wales. Four types of geosynthetics were installed at the ballast-subballast interface of track sections located on subgrades with three distinctly different values of stiffness. It was found that geogrids could decrease vertical settlements of the ballast layer with obvious benefits of improved track stability and decreased maintenance cost. It was also found that the effectiveness of reinforcing geogrids increased when the subgrade stiffness decreased.


Warm, dry and gusty foehn winds are frequently experienced in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs), Antarctica, however their significance in the region's climate is unknown. Foehn events in the MDVs are caused by topographic modification of southwesterly airflow which is related to the occurrence of synoptic-scale cyclones in the Amundsen/Ross Sea region (Speirs et al. 2010). The intra and interannual frequency and intensity of foehn events therefore varies in response to the position and frequency of cyclones in this region that are believed to be strongly influenced by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM).


Shorter dialysis time improves patient progno-sis after SPKTx. HBV and HCV infection is associated with more frequent complications and worse prognosis. Cardiovascular complications are more likely to affect dialysis patients. the echograms. of to the endometriomas.


From the Department of Dermatology of the University of Pennsylvania Scliool of Medicine. Address for reprints: Dr. Witkowski, Diihring Laboratories, 3000 Sprtice Street, Philadelphia, I'ennsylvaiiia, 1910-1. Accepted for publication lcb. 15, 1973. lcni. The procedure can be accotiiplished either by puncturing the cyst and reaming otit the contents or by excising the area and closing the incision with sutures.^ However, the same procedure when performed on the scalp can present trouble. Even it the surrounding area is shaved, the hairs can interfere with the stn'gical procedtjre and distuib ihe postoperative liealing phase. With such liiisute mischief abounding, we tlecided upon a simple method for eliminating this probletn. The hair is removed from the skin covering the cyst and for a 1 cm area sttrrounding the lesion. After the area is prepared antiseptically, Blenderm l a p e (1 inch) is applied around ilie operative sight (Fig. 1). The surgical j)rocedure then is done according to routine, btit no hair is iti the way. Upon completion of the procedure, the tape is removed with minimal discomfort. riie obvioits advantage ot this method inchides a happier patient with a smaller bald spot. To date, we have used this technique in successful removal of 75 cysts.


The production of highly specific antibodies to 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 1a utilizing a novel haptenic derivative 2, which was synthesized from 11 alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol via 21 steps, has been reported. The properties of the obtained antibodies are also described.


Objective. To describe the knowledge and perception of the impact of living near sewage canals on health, using these to irrigate food crops. Material and methods. Prospective exploratory study; a survey among 100 people living near sewage canals was conducted. Results. The interviews hinted that citizens have knowledge about the use of wastewater for irrigation of crops, and that despite having repercussions on their health they continue consuming it, because for farmers the economic gains and maturation of short term food are more important than the consequences of using it in their health. Discussion. The reuse of wastewater for irrigation of crops appears like an alternative, but it is important to consider that the burden of disease related to water varies according to context and is highest in the "low-income settings" with high incidence of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. Conclusion. The factors involved in this problem are: pollution, mainly of water and soil; lack of environmental awareness and making decision regard to treatment of sewage that is required.


A scalar Kalman filter is applied to traffic density estimation in a 500-metre section of the Boulevard Peripherique in Paris using presence detector data. After derivation of the model and filter equations, estimates are compared to real traffic density measuremenns extracted from a film. Results indicate accuracy of estimates; excellent tracking capabilities; and low sensitivity with respect to changing application conditions.


Purpose and meaning have always been fundamental to human and human institutions. In current times, "purpose" is actively researched by academic scholars and practiced by businesses. Purpose and values supersede product features or price in forming deeper connections with consumers by targeting emotional triggers. This paper, with its focus on alcohol beverage industry, studies how these brands target the innate need of humans to reach their terminal values or higher-order purpose in life to sell their products, consumption of which is associated with both health and social issues. Analysis of the selected alcohol beverage advertisements shows how marketers cleverly shift attention from the product attributes to consumers' values, thus skipping the steps of Means-End chain. These personal values help in the attainment of one's purpose (the reason for existence beyond oneself) ensuring satisfaction and contentment at an emotional level. In a category where brand preference is key, people's motivation for selecting a particular brand they drink might be closely related to the underlying personal values.


The issue of light hydrocarbon sampling is one that has never been properly addressed in industrial hygiene. The purpose of this review is to examine different sampling and analytical methodologies that would allow accurate determinations of C1 to C4 components and be acceptable to the industrial hygienist. In order to have a successful sampling procedure, a good analysis method must also exist. A multisorbent tube is considered for sampling—a tube that may be much more effective than the activated charcoal tube for collecting the light hydrocarbons. The idea of performing a field study using a "gold standard" (the SUMMA® canister) and comparing against different adsorbent tubes to find out which type may be the most effective for such sampling, as well as to be able to correct for deficiencies, is addressed.


This investigation was carried out in the lands of the sanitary filler, property of the Municipal Government of the Canton Buena Fe, located in the Km. 2 of the road Buena Fe - Enclosure Alegria del Congo, located between the coordinates geographical 79o29´38´´ Longitude West and 0o54´13´´ South Latitude, to an altitude of 115 msnm. You outlines the general objective: To determine the efficiency of the aerobic method for the classification and handling of the organic residuals and compost production starting from the solid waste as market residuals and residual ruminal of the abattoir in Buena Fe, and the specific objectives: 1) to determine the time and process of decomposition of the solid waste of different sources; 2) to specify the quality of the compostaje by means of a physical and chemical analysis; 3) to establish the production costs for each produced kilogram. The work was subject to the following hypotheses: 1) with the time of fermentation of five months, it is hoped to get a more insolent final product that that of four months; 2) the use of mixed substratum (market residuals and fresh manure) they produce an organic payment of better quality physical-chemistry; 3) the improvement of the quality physical-chemistry caused by the use of mixed substratum, produces a payment of more economic value.
The mixture and homogenization of the solid-organic residuals consisted on joining the materials in the appropriate proportions, mixing them and placing them in each one of the drawers. This was carried out taking into account the methods of used compostajes, in this case two factors were applied, the factor A that it was the used material (fresh manure, market residual and the mixture of both), and the factor B that was the time of decomposition of the material employee (four five months)……………


Many problems in information security can be resolved using combinatorial structures, primarily geometries. In fact, often the most efficient solutions kn'awn are provided by schemes based on geometries. In this expository article we look at two problems in information security and discuss proposed geometrical solutions. In addition, we generalise two known constructions for Key Distribution Patterns, using Laguerre planes. The generalisation has the potential to provide new examples of Key Distribution Patterns, as well as simplifying the proofs of the constructions considerably.


The purpose of this research is to find out and to evaluate Government Agency Accountability Performance Report which is presented by Health Department of Surabaya city in 2011. The research type is using positivistic qualitative research is a research in which the researcher tries to analyze empirical facts and data to identify some factors which influence something to happen. Data analysis technique is using qualitative data. Government Agency Accountability Performance Report has been presented by Health Department has in conformity with rules that have been set by Preparation Guidelines for Determination of Performance and Government Performance Accountability Reporting no. 29 year 2010. In achieving programs and activities which have been planned based on the Minimum Service Standard (MSS) and Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RMTDP) in general can be achieved or can be said successful. There is only a few activity indicators which are considered less successful are village or political district Universal Child Immunization (UCI) scope indicator, new Tuberculosis-Acid Resistant Trunk (TBC-ART) positive patient handling and discovery, and the discovery of toddlers with pneumonia indicator. Keywords: Evaluation, Performance Report, Agency Government.


A MgCl 2 /THF/TiCl 4 bimetallic complex catalyst was prepared by reacting magnesium chloride with titanium tetraachloride in tetraahydrofuran, followed by precipitation with excess n-hexane. The products formed during the thermal treatment of the MgCl 2 /THF/TiCl 4 bimetallic complex catalyst were THF and 1,4-dichlorobutane as identified by MS, FTIR, and 13 C NMR. The amount of 1,4-dichlorobutane formed during thermal treatment decreased with an increase of the Mg/Ti ratio


Adhesion is the mechanical strength joining two different objects or materials and is a fundamental requirement of most deposited film systems. The "apparent adhesion" is determined by applying an external mechanical stress, and failure may occur in the interfacial region or nearby material. Failure of adhesion (or "deadhesion") can be due to mechanical failure by fracture or deformation, chemical causes such as corrosion or dissolution, or diffusion processes such as the diffusion of material to or away from the film-substrate interface. Poor adhesion may be localized so as to give local failure and form pinholes in the film or coating. In PVD processing, film adhesion is intimately connected with the nucleation, interface formation, film growth, and surface coverage, as well as the properties of the materials in contact and the environmental stresses (mechanical, chemical, thermal, fatigue) to which the system is exposed.


In a recent article published in your Journal, Orton and Ellis (1973) introduced an interesting simplification in the use of the NSD concept in practical radiotherapy. The method described involves the use of what are called the time, dose and fractionation factors (TDF). The TDF has been defined as where n is the number of fractions, d the dose per fraction, and x a constant whose value depends on the number of fractions/week.


Study Design: Consecutively collected cases. Objective: To determine if a machine-learning (ML) program can accurately predict the postoperative thoracic kyphosis through the uninstrumented thoracic spine and pelvic compensation in patients who undergo fusion from the lower thoracic spine (T10 or T11) to the sacrum. Methods: From 2015 to 2019, a consecutive series of adult (≥18 years old) patients with adult spinal deformity underwent corrective spinal fusion from the lower thoracic spine (T10 or T11) to the sacrum. Deidentified data was processed by a ML system-based platform to predict the postoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK) and pelvic tilt (PT) for each patient. To validate the ML model, the postoperative TK (T4-T12, instrumented thoracic, and uninstrumented thoracic) and the pelvic tilt were compared against the predicted values. Results: A total of 20 adult patients with a minimum 6-month follow-up (mean: 22.4 ± 11.3 months) were included in this study. No significant differences were observed for TK (predicted 37.6° vs postoperative 38.3°, P = .847), uninstrumented TK (predicted 33.9° vs postoperative 29.8°, P = .188), and PT (predicted 23.4° vs postoperative 22.7°, P = .754). The predicted PT and the TK of the uninstrumented thoracic spine correlated well with postoperative values (uninstrumented TK: R2 = 0.764, P < .001; PT: R2 = 0.868, P < .001). The mean error with which kyphosis through the uninstrumented thoracic spine can be measured was 4.8° ± 4.0°. The mean error for predicting PT was 2.5° ± 1.7°. Conclusion: ML algorithms can accurately predict the spinopelvic compensation after spinal fusion from the lower thoracic spine to the sacrum. These findings suggest that surgeons may be able to leverage this technology to reduce the risk of proximal junctional kyphosis in this population.


The purpose of this research is to explore the impact on the service efficiency of a patient's surgery process in the operating room before and after applying the "six-sigma" initiative. Major measures for revaluation include the patient's holding time in the operating room, the turnaround time between surgery and the six-sigma level. Data collection was entered directly by nursing staff in the operating room that involved observing and recording the timing of each medical procedure and the factors causing variations before the intervention and at three months and six months after the improvement. Statistical analysis was provided by descriptive analysis, t-test and Chi- Square test. 1314 samples were collected before intervention from April 1 to April 30, 2005. 1120 samples were collected three months after the intervention between August 1 and August 31, 2005. We considered the result as having room for further improvement and took second-step actions. Major interventions included increasing the application of the surgery patient information system to each operation room and providing timely information feedback to each operation room. 1031 samples were


Imaging Characteristics of Carotid Plaques by Doppler Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ischemic Stroke: A Comparative Analysis. IAIM, 2022; 9(9): 30-39. Abstract Background: Carotid plaques contribute a significant cause of stroke and transient ischemic attacks together with long term disability worldwide. About 20-30% of cerebral infarction has been correlated with carotid atherosclerotic plaque and artery stenosis. The characterization of carotid artery plaque presents an opportunity to quantify patients with risk of cerebrovascular events and may be used to improve the therapeutic decision-making process such as carotid endarterectomy or angioplasty or stent placement. This study attempted to evaluate the imaging characteristics of carotid plaques using ultrasonography with Magnetic Resonance Imaging correlation and predict the risk of plaque rupture based on plaque enhancement characteristics as a surrogate marker. enhancement characteristics on MRI as a potential surrogate marker for plaque rupture leading to recurrent strokes. The present study evaluated 113 patients (65 males and 48 females) with stroke and transient ischemic attacks with ultrasound documented carotid plaques. These cases underwent Doppler evaluation of the carotid plaques and contrast enhanced MRI on the same day. The plaque morphology was evaluated both in the longitudinal as well as the transverse axis, and the stenosis was calculated based on the pulsed- wave Doppler evaluation of blood flow velocity as well as the area and diameter of the stenosis together with the signal and enhancement characteristics of the carotid plaques on MRI. The carotid artery at the region of maximal intimal thickness was evaluated for maximal area stenosis and diameter stenosis. The area stenosis was calculated as percentage stenosis in axial sections at the site of maximal thickness of the plaque. Results: The maximum incidence of carotid plaques was noted in the 61-80 years age group. The incidence was maximal at 71-80 years of age. Out of the 113 lesions, 65 (57.5%) were in men and 48 (42.4%) were in women. 44(38.9%) lesions were in patients who presented with TIA, while 69 (61.06%) presented with Ischemic stroke. 67 (59.29%) lesions were found on the left side and 46 (40.7%) on the right side. 67(59.3 %) lesions were found in the carotid bulb. The intimal thickness ranged from 1.1 mm to 5.6 mm with a mean of 2.97 mm. The range of stenosis was from 0% to 100%. Heterogeneous plaques were associated with symptomatic lesions in 76.2 % and homogeneous plaques were seen in 23.8%. The incidence of plaque calcification was inversely proportional to symptomatic plaques. Only 47.2 % of patients showed concordance between US and MRI with regard to homogeneity of the plaque. T2 weighted MR imaging of exvivo atherosclerotic plaques aided in the detection and evaluation of fibrous caps. 39 (34.1%) patients were given a gadolinium-based contrast agents, out of which 19 (48.7 %) did not show enhancement and 20 (51.2%) showed enhancement of the carotid plaque tissue. Doppler showed abnormalities in 29 patients (61.7%), whereas in MRA it is 18 patients (38.2 %), p value = < 0.004* in cases with less than 50% stenosis (n=47). In cases with 50-69% stenosis (n=29), doppler showed abnormalities in 19 patients (65.5%) whereas in MRA it was (34.4 %); P value was 0.431, The difference was not found to be statistically significant. While as in cases with 70-90% stenosis (n=37), MRA showed abnormalities in 25 patients (67.5%) whereas Doppler showed it in 12 (32.4%); P value was 0.017. Calcification was seen in 22 patients which appeared as hypointense focus on T1, T2, and TOF images. The heterogeneous lesions were better visualized on ultrasound compared to MRI. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a more sensitive modality than MRI for plaque size < 1.5 mm and a better tool in assessing the plaque characteristics when the area of stenosis is less than 50%. Hence, ultrasound is better as a screening tool. The homogenous lesions on ultrasound appeared homogenous on MRI with the plaque content of fat. The heterogeneous plaque on ultrasound, however, did not correlate with MRI. Enhancement of carotid plaque tissue, which implies vascular wall inflammation, is a marker of vulnerable plaque. MRA has a better discriminatory power compared with duplex ultrasonography in detecting 70-90% stenosis.


This work presents a shared memory parallel version of the hybrid classification algorithm IGSCR (iterative guided spectral class rejection) to facilitate the transition from serial to parallel processing. This transition is motivated by a demonstrated need for more computing power driven by the increasing size of remote sensing datasets due to higher resolution sensors, larger study regions, and the like. Parallel IGSCR was developed to produce fast and portable code using Fortran 95 and OpenMP. Parallel results are given using the SGI Altix 3300 shared memory computer and the SGI Altix 3700 with as many as 64 processors reaching speedups of almost 77.


Self-determination theory is a newly developing cognitive motivation theory which represents a new trend of motivation theory research.The paper uses the self-determination theory to analyze the social motivation of elite athletes who return to sport after injury.Three psychological areas are involved:competency,autonomy and relatedness.SDT may be a particularly useful framework for interpreting and understanding athlete experiences in returning to sport after injury.


Aimed at the existed problems in granite facing engineering, the improvement problem of granite facing engineering craft is raised. To the outside facing craft of granite, the traditional wet construction is changed into outside dry hanging. To the inside facing craft, the structure adhesive craft is adopted. And to the ground inside house, the adhesive craft with 1∶3 dry cement mortars is used. In addition to above improvement craft, other aided measures are adopted. Thus, the aim of safety and good external effect is also got.


This paper delves the existing problems in the construction and utilization of the Database resources,and puts forward some effective managements,scientific solutions and countermeasures in tapping the Database resources un-der the network environment.


Three-pulse four-wave mixing (FWM) is used here to study and control laser excitation processes. For general laser excitation processes, after a molecule interacts resonantly with a laser pulse, the molecule has a probability of being in the ground or in the excited state. Control over this process depends on the phase and amplitude of the electric fields that interact with the molecular system. Here we show how three-pulse FWM can be used to control the excitation of iodine molecules. Depending on the time delay between the first two pulses, the observed signal reflects the dynamics of the ground or excited state. A theoretical formalism based on the density matrix formulation is presented and solved for a four-level system. Experiments are found to be in excellent agreement with the theory. The influence of linear chirp on three-pulse FWM experiments is explored. Spectrally dispersed three-pulse FWM is found to be extremely useful for studying the effect of chirp on laser excitation of molecular systems. Experimental demonstrations of these effects are included.


This scientific article aims to explain how the agenda setting was applied in the coverage and staging of the abduction of a newspaper team of El Comercio newspaper and a couple from Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas; that is to say, the priority of publication and continuity that three printed media El Comercio, El Universo, and Expreso gave for both events and if deontological codes were complied with. The period of analysis in the first case took seventeen days, time in which the five key moments chosen for the present investigation were developed (from the kidnapping to death confirmation), while the actions for the second event were developed during eighty days. In this research we also used the empirical method such as the interview and the descriptive and documentary resources. As a result, it was determined that there was a marked follow-up coverage in the case of the journalistic team, but none with the couple from Santo Domingo, whose flow of official information was lower because there was less social pressure within the media agenda.


A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) study is combined with an experimental program to develop a model of burning rate and extinction in fires.The ultimate objective is to predict extinguishment by water droplets and thereby determine the water requirement for the extinction of actual fires. The experimental,program is conducted in a full-size fire gallery with a commercial sprinkler system installed in the roof. Water droplet size distribution, velocities and mass flux from the sprinkler are measured as inputs for the computations. Horizontal sheets of polymethylmethacrylate I metre square are uniformly ignited and burned in a draft of about I m/s. Burning rates are monitored by load cell and when the fire is well established, the sprinkler is actuated. A video record of the extinguishment together with thermocouple and heat flux measurements are used to time the event and to describe the process. The primary extinguishment mechanism is considered to be due to the cooling of the burning PMMA surface below...


There are well-known characterizations of the hereditary quotient maps in the category of topological spaces, (that is, of quotient maps stable under pullback along embeddings), as well as of universal quotient maps (that is, of quotient maps stable under pullback). These are precisely the so-called pseudo-open maps, as shown by Arhangel'skii, and the bi-quotient maps of Michael, as shown by Day and Kelly, respectively. In this paper hereditary and stable quotient maps are characterized in the broader context given by a category equipped with a closure operator. To this end, we derive explicit formulae and conditions for the closure in the codomain of such a quotient map in terms of the closure in its domain.


This paper has set up elastic dynamics equation between cam and driven roller,draw the formula calculating compressive stress.Regard this as the theory,the paper simulate stress and strain of rocking shaft and compressive stress of driving and driven roller of conjugating cam beating woof mechanism in a type sword-bar loom with the turning of 400r/min,by ADAMS and ANSYS.The received data prove whether this organization and part could meet the demands,and offer the basis of the theory for their improvement.


This article offers the results of research conducted in the Kaliningrad region in the framework of the "Development of Russian Energy Sector: Social and Environmental Consequences and Prospects" network project by the Centre for Advanced Studies and Education. The authors assess the structure of regional energy sector and its influence on the economy according to key parameters. The article analyses the social effect of energy sector on the basis of a survey conducted for Kaliningrad.


This thesis holds that: 'making administration affairs known to the public' set up upon the platform of Today's Chinese Public Administration is the government's responsibility, not charity; it is the government's act of loving and respecting the people; it is the government's response and more than that it is the interactive responses between the government and the people. To explain and outline the content and relationships of the theory above scientifically hasa very important and creative significance for further advancing the study and practice of the theory,'making administration affairs known to the public'.


Water quality indexes such as ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,chloride ion,the total solute content,conductivity,salinity,dissolved oxygen,pH and chlorophyll content were measured by Hydrolab water quality surveymeter through laying monitoring sites evenly on five park lakes( North Sea park,Summer Palace,Yuyuantan park,Taoranting park,Chaoyang Park) within five rings of Beijing. The paper analyzed the situation of water environment in lakes of park from three aspects such as inorganic ion content,cleanliness and eutrophication,and then conducted a comprehensive evaluation on water environment quality in the parks of Beijing by using the gray correlation model. Overall,water quality of the Summer Palace is the best and belongs to class I water. Water quality of the North Sea park and the Yuyuantan park is better and belongs to classⅡwater. Water quality of the Chaoyang park is worse and belongs to class Ⅳ water. Water quality of the Taoranting park is the worst and belongs to classⅤwater. The monitoring and evaluation of water environment in lakes of park can provide an important basis for protection and management of water body in parks and has important significance for parks to fully play its recreational function.


Entanglement of spatial and/or temporal scales proposes great challenges to unravel mechanisms of complex chemical systems for their rational design. Multiscale modeling and calculations combining theoretical methods and algorithms at different scales provide powerful tools to address such problems. It has been conventionally known that energetics such as the reaction barrier plays an essential role in complex systems involving chemical reactions, in this review, we focus on recent progress of mechanisms beyond energetics revealed by multiscale kinetic modeling to emphasize the variety of underlying mechanism for such systems, and highlights the importance of kinetics in multiscale modeling and calculations for practical applications. Several interesting mechanisms as well as the corresponding concepts of multiscale kinetic modeling are described in detail, ranging from effects of geometry, micro‐orientation, or reactant flux on 2D material epitaxial growth, to diffusion, directional mass transfer, or confinement enhanced electrocatalysis on nanocatalysts.


Understanding the theoretical background is imperative for the meaningful framework of the study. Discussion of sustainability discourses in the context of ecotourism, particularly the concept, role, and evaluation strategies, were found to be important to this research. Similarly, understanding of community intervention approach pertaining to ecotourism, relevance of the linkages with common property, and co-management regime are found significant in this domain of discussion. Community intervention mechanism in general and PA-based ecotourism, in particular, were important to this study. Destination sustainability, its measurement, dimensions and destination quality, and the relationship between community intervention strategies, destination sustainability, and destination quality are discussed in the subsequent sections of this chapter.


Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I) is etiologically associated with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and chronic neurological disease, tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). In our study, a unique IL‐2 dependent human T cell line, designated TY8‐3, was established from a thymoma obtained from a myasthenia gravis patient. The cells were heterogeneous and mainly consisted of those with CD4 , CD8 as well as activation markers and adhesion molecules including IL‐2Rα,β,γ, CD45RO, Tf‐R, HLA‐DR, LFA‐1α,β, LFA‐3, ICAM‐1 and OX40 but without CD3 surface markers. Furthermore, these cells underwent an efficient and reproducible IL‐2 independent transformation upon cocultivation with HTLV‐I/II producing cell lines. Interestingly, although the infected cells became IL‐2 independent, the growth rate of infected cells was significantly lower than those of parental TY8‐3 cells. Clonal HTLV‐I proviral DNA and viral particles were detected in the cells. Down‐regulation of thelck and fyn genes and activation of the lyn gene was demonstrated in the IL‐2 independent HTLV‐positive TY8‐3 cells. Subclones of TY8‐3 cells were again able to be efficiently transformed and became IL‐2 independent several months after coculture. Our results thus exhibit that TY8‐3 cells and its subclones provide us with a very unique model whereby IL‐2 independent transformation events of human T cells by HTLV‐I /II in vitro can be studied at a clonal level. Int. J. Cancer 91:99–108, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In this paper an attempt has been made to show the economic significance of mining sector in the context of Orissa Economy in terms of value of total extractions, total employment generation and contribution of mining sector to State Gross Domestic Product and total revenue generation. Despite being the highest mineral rich state of the country, the state is designated as one of the poorest states because benefits of mining have gone to few hands caused by large scale corruption. The paper has explored how corruption starting from allotment of lease till the valuation of minerals and fixation of royalties has deprived the state exchequer from its dues, resulting in greater inequalities between the rich and the poor in the state.


Digital radiography (DR) is becoming popular for the point of care imaging in the recent past. To reduce the radiation exposure, controlled radiation based on as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle is employed and this results in low contrast images. To address this issue, post-processing algorithms such as the Multiscale Image Contrast Amplification (MUSICA) algorithm can be used to enhance the contrast of DR images even with a low radiation dose. In this study, a modification of the MUSICA algorithm is investigated to determine the potential for further contrast improvement specifically for DR images. The conclusion is that combining log compression and its inverse at the appropriate stage with a multi-stage MUSICA and denoising is very promising. The proposed method resulted in an average of 66.5 % increase in the mean contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for the test images considered.


The growing number of internet users plays a significant role in the emergence of a variety of online e-commerce sites to meet the needs of Indonesians. However, there are still some problems faced by the users in using e-commerce sites. Therefore, a research related to user experience on their purchase intention to foster e-commerce sites is required. This study is conducted to find out the relationship between usability factors on e-commerce users' purchase intention using a case study by using SEM to analyse the usability of the website. The result of this study shows that credibility, readability and telepresence are usability factors that directly affect purchase intention, while simplicity, consistency and interactivity are usability factors that indirectly affect purchase intention. Therefore, we can conclude that Indonesian consumers are on the Early Majority phase in adopting Company A.


Everyone is talking about the environment. But what do we mean by it? This is the subject of this perceptive and provocative book. The author argues that the environmental crisis is engrained in the language of our political, social and econpomic structures. In his search foer the hidden agenda of the Green movement, he shows the need for us to include the reality of the spirit. Only by doing so, and re-establishing the importance of local life, may be hope to maintain the fabric of the world, and cease exploiting it for our own ends.


Based on the sample of 20 agro-processing listed companies in the CSI A-Share market in nearly five quarters, and from the perspective of accounting information disclosed by the company, the paper uses multiple linear regression method to analyze the financial performance of the company's stock prices. The results show that the processing of agro-processing listed companies' share price depends on the company's profitability and development capacity, in which net assets per share is the most significant,and the impact of the development capacity of the company on stock prices takes an increasingly significant trend.


The results of the experimental estimating of the velocity profiles and turbulent pulsations in the boundary layer for adverse and favorable pressure gradients are presented. The profiles of characteristics based on the dynamics of two-component instantaneous velocity vector fields measured by the field optical method of Smoke Image Velocimetry are estimated. The measurements are performed with a large spatial and temporal resolution, the measurement results are relevant for estimating the terms of the conservation equation of turbulent energy in the boundary layer and for improving semiempirical turbulence models.


We generalize the area-law violating models of Fredkin and Motzkin spin chains into two dimensions by building quantum six- and nineteen-vertex models with correlated interactions. The Hamiltonian is frustration free, and its projectors generate ergodic dynamics within the subspace of height configuration that are non negative. The ground state is a volume- and color-weighted superposition of classical bi-color vertex configurations with non-negative heights in the bulk and zero height on the boundary. The entanglement entropy between subsystems has a phase transition as the qq-deformation parameter is tuned, which is shown to be robust in the presence of an external field acting on the color degree of freedom. The ground state undergoes a quantum phase transition between area- and volume-law entanglement phases with a critical point where entanglement entropy scales as a function L\log LLlogL of the linear system size LL. Intermediate power law scalings between L\log LLlogL and L^2L2 can be achieved with an inhomogeneous deformation parameter that approaches 1 at different rates in the thermodynamic limit. For the q>1q>1 phase, we construct a variational wave function that establishes an upper bound on the spectral gap that scales as q^{-L^3/8}q−L3/8.


With more of the adult population overweight or obese, the rates of childhood obesity have also risen to 33%. Just as research about obesity has indicated a negative effect on the body and vital organs, obesity seems to affect the ability to learn. Not only is it the responsibility of the family but also of the school to ensure that students have access to foods that promote good nutrition. A noteworthy link exists between nutrition programs in schools, such as lunch programs and snack options, and student achievement. This paper contains a review the research on connections between weight and academic achievement and attempts within schools to promote nutrition and, in turn, learning. The review will also highlight activities based on research evidence, which can be used by the teacher and the school in order to promote healthful lifestyle choices in and out of the classroom environment.


This paper considers a probabilistic inventory model with uniform leadtime demand and fuzzy cost components under probabilistic and imprecise constraints. Firstly we solve the model by general fuzzy non-linear programming technique. Then intuitionistic fuzzy optimization technique is applied and finally, regarding the optimization of the objective function a comparative study is presented among fuzzy optimization technique, general fuzzy non-linear programming technique and intuitionistic fuzzy optimization technique. All the results and comparative discussions are illustrated numerically.


The case-control method was used to analyze records of 85 women with cervical cancer detected by screening in the northern area of Santiago, Chile, to assess a possible relationship of oral contraceptive (OC) use and cervical cancer. Epidemiologic methods used to assess the association between OCs and cervical cancer were 1st described. Several of the cohort studies failed to provide adequate controls or to take into account the factor of sexual promiscuity. Most of the case control studies found no risk or a slight increase in risk; the study finding the greatest relative risk had inadequate controls. In the present study, 4 controls were sought for each case matched by age, parity, year of examination, and number of previous cytological examinations. The average age was 45.18 for the 85 cases and 44.28 for the 268 controls. The average parity was 3.73 for cases and 3.72 for controls. The average number of previous examinations was 3.46 for cases and 5.79 for controls. At the time of the examinations, 6 cases and 14 controls used OCs, no cases and 1 control used injectables, 24 cases and 118 controls used IUDs, 5 cases and 13 controls used other methods, and 51 cases and 117 controls used no method. No increase in the relative risk of developing cervical cancer was detected among OC users.


FIELD: ion-exchange polymers. SUBSTANCE: invention related with the new water-insoluble cation-anion polysaccharide complexes which are easily dispersible in an aqueous medium. Complexes can be used for preparing composition for swallowing that shows low viscosity. Compositions can be easily sterilized and do not cause (or insignificant increase) viscosity increase of liquids containing at least a single component taken from the group consisting of proteins, peptides and amino acids. Composition can be used as antidiarrheal agent for human and this composition has at least a single water-insoluble cation-anion polysaccharide complex dispersed in an aqueous medium. These compositions can be used as nutrient agents for absorption increase of organic, inorganic nutrients and water in gastroenteric tract to improve gastroenteric function. Also, complex involves the wetting parental anion polysaccaride with water up to the total content of solid particles 30-70%, cation addition and milling. Also, nutrient composition of low viscosity is proposed that provides the organism requirement for carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, mineral substances and at least a single water-insoluble cation-anion polysaccharide complex in an aqueous medium. The same composition can be obtained in dehydrated state and this composition is subjected for rehydration in order to make its useful for utilization. EFFECT: enhanced quality, increased effectiveness.


"Dao",which appears 73 times in the whole book,is the key concept of Tao Te Ching.The translation of "Dao" is crucial for the understanding of this book.Reader plays an important role in the process of translation.Based on reader' cognitive context,the author prefers to translate it rather than leave it untranslated.


In recent years, life-like agents that interact with humans have been increasingly studied. In order to achieve smooth communication with humans, the agents are required to use the ambiguous expressions as efficiently as humans. However, the ambiguous expressions will not be always appropriate depending on the circumstances. Therefore, the agents are required to choose the most appropriate expressions to use depending on the context. In this study, as the first step to realize such agents, we investigate the relationship between the ambiguities of the agent's facial expressions and the context of communication. We make a hypothesis that the agent's ambiguous facial expression works more effectively when a recipient is in the less positive or less negative context. In this paper, we carry out an experiment to verify this hypothesis.


In this paper the concept of soft fuzzy Gpre almost compactness and soft fuzzy Gpre near compactness are introduced and studied. We give some characterizations of soft fuzzy Gpre almost compactness in terms of soft fuzzy regular Gpre open or soft fuzzy regular Fpre closed sets.


This paper presents three prediction methods to mitigate the negative effects of time delays in the teleoperation of road vehicles using a predictive display: I) Clothoid Prediction assumes that the vehicle will continue moving on a clothoidal path; II) Full Prediction predicts the movement starting from the current vehicle position using a single track model; III) Continuous Prediction also uses a single track model, but starts calculation from the last predicted state. While Clothoid Prediction is not sufficiently accurate, both Full Prediction and Clothoid Prediction offer the same accuracy of less than 10 cm lateral deviation. Although Full Prediction is 20 times slower than Continuous Prediction, it is still about 400 times faster than real time. Since Continuous Prediction requires a very accurate positioning system for correction and Full Prediction only requires the vehicle's yaw rate as input signal, the latter is the most suitable prediction method.


In October 2015, the Ministry of Defense (MOD) in Japan established Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency (ATLA) in order to cope with various issues. Based on this change, we have conducted a preliminary study by investigating the risks encountered in the past several years, in the Research and Development (R&D) projects of MOD. Through this investigation, an endeavor was undertaken to find problems that could be categorized and classified across different types of equipment. Consequently, we proposed a new framework with a Risk Management Capability Maturity Model (RM‐CMM) that focuses on improving the personal ability for Risk Management. Through this approach, we also evaluated the effect of this framework by taking interviews to the main staff in ATLA.


This paper focuses on the possibility of thermal activation of tunnel linings. Particularly, attention will be paid on a new energy segment that can be used together with TBM tunnelling to create so-called 'energy tunnels'. Design analysis to quantify the exploitable heat and to assess the possible consequences on the surrounding ground and the structure itself makes effective use of computational methods. The paper shows how thermo-hydro and thermo-mechanical numerical analyses can be used to allow for a proper and effective design of energy tunnels. Two examples of possible applications will also be presented.


Using data from the international flare patrol for 1972–2010, we have formed an electronic database for more than 123 thousand solar flares. We determined the mean brightness rise time (flash-phase) for flare area classes and importance. We show that the mean flash phase increased with increasing area class. For brightness classes this trend is less pronounced. We have found that flares with explosive phase and flares with one brilliant point have the shortest flash phases; two-ribbon flares and flares with several intensity maxima, the longest ones. We have separated 572 cases when the brightness rise time was more than 60 min; 80 % of such ultra-long flares have a shorter brightness decay time (main phase). We have established that low-power flares in terms of developmental features do not differ from large flares. Low-power solar flares, as well as large flares, can be followed by filament activation or disappearance, and can have an explosive phase and several intensity maxima. Two-ribbon flares, white-light flares, and flares covering sunspot umbra can also have low power.


Through an empirical study of ocean-borne trade between Hong Kong and New York, we combined qualitative and quantitative analysis to examine route selection decisions in a post-expansion era of the Panama Canal. A two-stage methodological framework was developed to assess the competitiveness of the three route alternatives, namely the Panama and Suez canals and the US intermodal system. In the first stage, a combination of literature review and expert knowledge was employed to identify the determinants of route selection. In the second stage, fuzzy theory and the multi-criteria decision-making technique were used to evaluate the criteria and the route alternatives. The results indicate that transportation cost is the most important factor in choosing a route, followed by transportation time, reliability, and route characteristics. The "all water route" via the Panama Canal is preferred over the Suez and U.S. intermodal options.


In 1992, Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and the US Department of Energy (DOE) began a collaborative pilot project with the Portland Parks and Recreation Community Schools Program and others to provide summer science camps to children in Grades 4--6. Camps run two weeks in duration between late June and mid-August. Sessions are five days per week, from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. In addition to hands-on science and math curriculum, at least three field trips are incorporated into the educational learning experience. The purpose of the BPA/DOE summer camps is to make available opportunities for fun, motivating experiences in science to students who otherwise would have difficulty accessing them. This includes inner city, minority, rural and low income students. Public law 101-510, which Congress passed in 1990, authorizes DOE facilities to establish collaborative inner-city and rural partnership programs in science and math. A primary goal of the BPA summer hands on science camps is to bring affordable science camp experiences to students where they live. It uses everyday materials to engage students` minds and to give them a sense that they have succeeded through a fun hands-on learning environment.


Buses are characteristic for Hungarian interurban traffic. This paper has the key objectives of determining the economically feasible point of reselling the buses. The paper is based on Hungarian data. The paper highlights the importance of operation of public transport vehicles and the optimum solution for minimizing their costs. Hungarian operators try to achieve this goal, although this is not easy due to their limited resources. Because of the present national economic situation in Hungary buses are operated much longer than it would be economically beneficial. Unfortunately the acquisition of newer buses is a slow process. All these problems significantly increase the losses of our interurban public transport companies.


Respiratory viruses, such as COVID-19, are spread over time and space based on human-to-human interactions. Human mobility plays a key role in the propagation of the virus. Different types of sensors in smart cities are able to continuously monitor traffic-related human mobility, showing the impact of COVID-19 on traffic volumes and patterns. In a similar way, traffic volumes measured by smart traffic sensors provide a proxy variable to capture human mobility, which is expected to have an impact on new COVID-19 infections. Adding traffic data from smart city sensors to machine learning models designed to estimate upcoming COVID-19 incidence values should provide optimized results compared to models based on COVID-19 data alone. This paper proposes a novel model to extract spatio-temporal patterns in the spread of the COVID-19 virus for short-term predictions by organizing COVID-19 incidence and traffic data as interrelated temporal sequences of spatial images. The model is trained and validated with real data from the city of Madrid in Spain for 84 weeks, combining information from 4372 traffic measuring points and 143 COVID-19 PCR test centers. The results are compared with a baseline model designed for the extraction of spatio-temporal patterns from COVID-19-only sequences of images, showing that using traffic information enhances the results when forecasting a new wave of infections (MSE values are reduced by a 70% factor). The information that traffic data has on the spread of the COVID-19 virus is also analyzed, showing that traffic data alone is not sufficient for accurate COVID-19 forecasting.


Corporate adopt Enterprise Resource Planning System hoping to increase the efficiency and productivity of employees and ultimately increase sales revenue. However, many companies end up paying high price to implement the Enterprise Resource Planning System without benefiting from such systems. Most of these failures arise with Small and Medium Enterprises and resulted in many Small and Medium Enterprises refuse to take the initial step and invest in an Enterprise Resource Planning System. There is a lack of consolidation of literature documenting the success and failure factors behind it. This paper aims at consolidating the key critical success factors that typically govern the outcome of implementing Enterprise Resource Planning System in Small and Medium Enterprises. In this paper we attempt to relate the main critical success factors with the management decisions. Further, the critical success factors are ranked based on the importance to the success of the Enterprise Resource Planning System implementation.


Major impediments to technology scaling in the nanometer regime include power (or energy) dissipation and "erroneous" behavior induced by process variations and noise susceptibility. In this paper, we demonstrate that CMOS devices whose behavior is rendered probabilistic by noise (yielding probabilistic CMOS or PCMOS) can be harnessed for ultra low energy and high performance computation. PCMOS devices are inherently probabilistic in that they are guaranteed to compute correctly with a probability frac12 < p < 1 and thus, by design, they are expected to compute incorrectly with a probability (1 - p). In this paper, we show that PCMOS technology yields significant improvements, both in the energy consumed as well as in the performance, for probabilistic applications with broad utility. These benefits are derived using an application-architecture-technology (A2T) co-design methodology introduced here, yielding an entirely novel family of probabilistic system-on-a-chip (PSOC) architectures. All of our application and architectural savings are quantified using the product of the energy and the performance denoted (energy times performance): the PCMOS based gains are as high as a substantial multiplicative factor of over 560 when compared to a competing energy-efficient CMOS based realization


An event-related brain potential experiment was conducted to probe into the issues of bilingual representation. 224 sentences with the last word lexically consistent or inconsistent and semantically congruous or incongruous to the main part were presented to 21 coordinate bilinguals of Chinese and English to attain the N400 elicited by within-and between-language semantic integration. The subjects read the sentences word by word on a computer monitor without knowing the last word to appear being Chinese or English and being semantically congruous or incongruous. The ERPs elicited by the last word of each sentence was recorded and analyzed. The result suggested that Chinese and English ending words elicited highly similar N400 in both conditions of integration, indicating that the two languages shared a common semantic representation.


The past 5 years have seen unprecedented changes in the approach to developing new therapeutic drug treatments. Perhaps the most significant changes have taken place in the area of clinical development with a move away from determining efficacy exclusively in traditional phase II clinical trials in patients, to earlier development phases in which efficacy is inferred from experimental studies with healthy volunteers and/or surrogate patient groups. It is not difficult to identify the drivers for such change. In the last decade the cost of drug development has been subject to double-digit year-onyear inflation while the rate of productivity of new drugs remains stubbornly low at approximately 10 per year and falling (Munos, 2009). Moreover, with the development and opportunity costs of each new drug now in excess of 1 billion (DiMasi et al. 2003; Munos, 2009) and the revenues from highly profitable drugs dwindling due to patent expiry, it is little wonder that the outlook for the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly uncertain and the mood is sombre. Nowhere has this been more profoundly experienced than in psychiatry where two large Pharma companies, GlaxoSmithKline and AstraZeneca, recently announced the closure of their discovery research divisions (Miller, 2010). From a commercial business perspective the reasons for these withdrawals are very clear: the prospect of a significant return on capital invested in the discovery of drugs for psychiatric disorders is too low compared with other therapeutic areas to warrant further investment. Thus, despite significant advances in our understanding of brain chemistry, circuitry and function in the last 20 years, these developments have not been sufficient to enable rational development of drug therapies for psychiatric disorders. Part of the problem stems from the empirical observation that promising effects of novel compounds in animals do not reliably predict efficacious effects in patients (Pangalos et al., 2007). This lack of translation from animal models to clinical efficacy makes it difficult to generate human models of psychiatric disease that provide a stepping stone to the large, expensive phase III patient trials required for drug registration. Ironically, however, just as large Pharma companies are reconsidering their commitment to discovering and developing new treatments for psychiatric disorders new approaches to developing and validating human experimental medicine models of the disorders are finally emerging. In this special issue leading researchers review new advances in experimental medicine models and approaches in the areas of anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, cognitive disorders, drug addiction and sleep disorders. They also provide an evaluation of the latest advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), pharmacofMRI (pfMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) as well emerging technologies such as magnetoencephalography (MEG). These articles articulate some of the latest theories, techniques and technologies that are now being brought to bear in this challenging area. They also highlight recent advances in areas where real progress has been made and the directions that hold significant promise for future drug development in psychiatry. Progress in the development of experimental medicine approaches is particularly apparent in the area of depression. Approximately 14% of the Western European population have a lifetime history of any mood disorder (Alonso et al., 2004). The extent of this problem is also reflected in the large worldwide sales of antidepressants (more than US$19.4 billion in 2007) (CNS Drug Discoveries: Depression, 2008). They are often less than perfect drugs with a significant side effect burden such as sleep disturbance or sexual dysfunction (Hansen et al., 2005). However, perhaps the greatest problem is that a significant proportion of patients are 'treatment resistant': their depression is not significantly relieved by two or more courses of treatment with different antidepressants (Howland et al., 2011). Consequently the need for new treatments is undeniable, but in this area the standard animal models of tail suspension, forced swimming and mild chronic stress lack the precision and sophistication required to model such a complex disorder as depression. The traditional theory of antidepressant drug action postulates that treatment with an antidepressant, e.g. a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), results in downstream neuroadaptive changes which take some time to occur but eventually lead to an elevation in mood. More recently, Harmer et al. (2011a) have proposed that antidepressants


Previ{i}, A., Cerjanec, D., Graf, W. & Ku~ini}, M.: Drusus chrysotus (Rambur, 1842) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae: Drusinae): a new caddisfly species in the Croatian fauna. Nat. Croat., Vol. 21, No. 2., 419–425, 2012, Zagreb. Drusus chrysotus is a cold water stenotherm species inhabiting spring reaches and headwaters of mountain streams. It has a disjunct distribution range covering mountain ranges across central Europe, and has now been recorded for the first time in Croatia, in the Gorski kotar region, thus extending its distribution range to the Dinaric Western Balkan ecoregion (sensu Illies, 1978). D. chrysotus was collected at the spring of the Dobra River, which is heavily impacted by human activity. Due to the specific aquatic insect fauna of this spring, conservation and prevention of further habitat alteration of this section of the Dobra River should be a priority for the local community.


In 1520 Martin Luther set forth a comprehensive program for the German Christian nobility to follow in reforming abuses in the church and Christian society. One project was to overhaul the standard university curriculum by outlawing the study of certain works of Aristotle. The Physics, Metaphysics, Concerning the Soul, and Nicomachean Ethics were to be banned, while the Logic, Rhetoric, and Poetics were to remain in use, at least in abridged texts without commentary, because they contributed to improved speaking and preaching. Luther felt such a ban urgent because the "blind, heathen" Aristotle had ruled higher studies, marginalizing the study of Scripture and the doctrines of faith. In the banned works Aristotle boasted about naturally acquired knowledge of the world while communicating nothing of value about the nature and work of the Holy Spirit.1 Well before 1520 one finds in Luther's works pointed barbs about Aristotle. In 1509 Luther stated his preference for Peter Lombard's pre-


Infrared thermography is a method which detects infrared energy emitted from an object and then converts it to temperature and displays the image of temperature distribution. That image is called a thermograph or thermogram. The image appears in a colour palette. Recently the thermal imagery has been used in wide category of veterinary sciences like diagnosis of foot and leg problems in cattle/ horses (Schmidtet al., 2003), assessment of scrotal temperatures as a measure of fertility in bulls and rams (Gabor et al., 1998), evaluating the heat stress in dairy cattle (White et al., 2006), assessment of body condition score (Halachmietal., 2013), appraisal of meat quality (Tong et al., 1995), assessment of productivity, including of heat and methane production (Montanholiet al., 2008), Assessment of feed efficiency (Montanholiet al., 2009), pregnancy detection (Hilsberget al., 1997) and to differentiate between pregnancy and pseudopregnancy (Durrantet al., 2006). Using thermal imagery tool has many advantages in animal management viz. non-invasive and non-destructive, fast, accurate temperature measurements, easy to install, capable of catching moving targets and measuring temperature in inaccessible or hazardous areas. However, factors such as environmental variables, surface texture and condition, skin colour, age of animals are given due consideration while interpreting the results.


AMD, SOD mimetics for the treatment of DR, and retinal edema (especially, Mn (III) porphyrin complexes mimetics) use are disclosed. The present invention is particularly affected people, people suffering before proliferative diabetic retinopathy, including diabetic retinopathy (collectively referred to as DR), and retinal edema suffering from exudative form and non-exudative forms of AMD for the treatment of people who relates to the use of mimics of the enzyme superoxide dismutase. One or more enzymes superoxide dismutase mimetics and compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle are also provided.


Abstract Objective: Recently regimens including oral anticancer agents have increasingly been used. Checking and maintaining patients' adherence to these regimens are now issues. "Your Manager" is a medication management system that electrically records times at which drugs were removed from a PTP sheet. We report our investigation of the adherence of 8patients whose medications were managed by "Your Manager" and on the utility of this system. Methods: Informed patients treated with S1 capsules were studied between April 2013 and December 2013. "Your Manager" was used until the patient terminated its use or until the end of S1 treatment. Results: Eight patients [3 males 5 females median age 62.5 years (52-80)] participated in the study. In all cases the medication was taken without problems and "Your Manager" was confirmed to be clinically acceptable. Following the first use 2 patients requested discontinuation of S1 (difficult to remove drug from package burdensome to take system to the hospital). Three patients completed treatment and 2 are still using the system. The one remaining patient switched to an orally disintegrating tablet because of swallowing difficulty and discontinued system use. Six of the 8 patients were able to take the medication in accordance with the dosage regimen. Although one patient was temporarily off the medication due to an adverse effect (vomiting) the records were consistent with the patient's self-reports. One patient and the patient's spouse suffered from dementia and demonstrated poor adherence and therefore discontinued S1 treatment. Discussion: Some patients noted that drug removal became difficult which indicated the need for improvement to enhance coping for elderly women and patients with restricted finger movements such as from numbness or rheumatoid arthritis. Other patients however were able to use the system without difficulty demonstrating the effectiveness of this system for checking adherence.


Two new technologies, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and the Global Positioning System (GPS), will provide the means for achieving the perennial goal of geodesists—a unified, worldwide geodetic control point network tied to an inertial reference system. VLBI will replace optical methods for determining both polar motion and rotation rate, with accuracies an order of magnitude better and with results available a week or less after observations. GPS will permit rapid, economical point positioning with accuracies of a few centimeters over distances of 100 km or more. The potential of these new systems will generate new applications for geodesy and require a reevaluation of the role of geodesists


39 This column presents an interview with Roy Perlis, MD, who is the Director of Pharmacogenomics Research in the Depression and Bipolar Programs, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, and Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School. INTRODUCTION Genomics, the study of genetic variation, may ultimately advance psychiatric practice with a recategorization of disorders based upon their underlying pathophysiology. Pharmacogenomics may also offer a more rational approach to psychopharmacology, particularly for patients who are not tolerating medications or are not responsive to initial treatment interventions. In this interview with Dr. Roy Perlis, we explored nearterm potential clinical applications of this research area.


From the Muslim perspective, Islam provides women a position of honor and respect, with clearly stated rights and obligations. The Qurd'n affords legal protections in the areas of marriage, divorce, and inheritance that are considered to mark a vast improvement over the situation of women in pre-Islamic society. Nonetheless historical circumstances through the centuries have often worked to the disfavor of the Muslim woman; predominant traditions of male authority and honor have made it difficult for women to avail themselves of the rights guaranteed by the Qurd'n. In this century a number of reforms have taken place leading to improved opportunities for education and in general to greater emancipation for women. Yet certain patterns that inflict hardship still prevail, particularly in the areas of divorce, employment, and political activity. Westerners often tend to assess circumstances for Muslim women in terms of "progress" or "problems," noting what they see as obvious inequities in the relative situation of men and women. This essay argues that little understanding can take place without the effort to see the female-male relationship from within the Islamic perspective. The Qur'n cites men as the protectors of women, the righteousness of the latter defined in terms of obedience to males. A predominant theme in contemporary Muslim writing, expressed by both sexes, is the naturalness of the circumstance in which women because of their innate qualities and characteristics have clearly defined roles and cannot appropriate functions reserved for men. Their somatic and psychological differences determine the distinct-but complementary-duties prescribed for each. Few Muslim women, even those who may be critical of the restrictions imposed by Islam, are sympathetic to much of what they see as characteristic of Western feminism. In Islam women are freed from many of the problems and concerns that are *This paper was originally delivered in a series entitled "Women in Patriarchal


Introduction: The most significant change to the latest AHA CPR guidelines is the recommendation of CPR first followed by defibrillation, for un-witnessed arrests. We tested the hypothesis that global myocardial ischemia during ventricular fibrillation (VF) decreases activation rate and short duration of reperfusion would normalize activation rates. Methods: We studied 6 Langendorff perfused human hearts which were explanted from cardiomyopathic patients who underwent transplantation. Tyrode solution was used for perfusion and flow was maintained at 0.9 to 1.1 ml/g/min. Multi-electrode mapping was performed for the entire epicardium (112 electrodes sock array) and the LV endocardium (112 electrodes balloon array). VF was induced by applying a 9-volt battery on the epicardium. As soon as the VF episode was induced, perfusion was turned off for 200 seconds mimicking global ischemia. At the end of this period the perfusion system was turned back on at a flow similar to baseline for an additional 140 seconds, mimicking a state of reperfusion. The hearts were then defibrillated and this protocol was repeated twice after a rest period of 5 minutes. For the analysis, 20 s electrograms located on the LV freewall (both endo and epi) were recorded at t = 0, 90, 180, 260 and 320s, for a total of 11520 electrograms. Local Activation Rates (LAR) for each electrogram was determined as the dominant frequency (DF) corresponding to the highest value in the power spectrum between 1.5 and 8 Hz. Results: Activation rate decreased from 4.962±0.020 Hz to 3.704±0.022 Hz (p Conclusions: During long episodes of human VF, global myocardial ischemia leads to slowing of activation rate on the epicardium and endocardium. Two minutes of re-perfusion leads to reversal of this effect. These findings may support the recent change in CPR guidelines.


Päiväys Date 12.5.2016 Author(s) Maria Liukkonen Degree programme Tourism Report/thesis title From outbound to inbound marketing for a web-development company Number of pages and appendix pages 31 The objective of the thesis is transformation from outbound to inbound marketing of a webdevelopment company based on social media channels. The company is called Tulikipuna and it offers web-development services, coding for web, intelligent websites solutions and software services to all kinds of corporate clients and companies. The theoretical framework was based on defining concept of digital marketing; the difference between otbound and inbound marketing,social media sites and current and future trends of digital marketing. After the theoretical part,there is a chapter about planning the project which covers current digital marketing activities and marketing ideas for the company. The marketing plan icludes a strategy for transformation, ways to develop social media accounts and recommnded timetable for blogposting and social selling. Besides that, there is a subchapter that explains how blogging helps to raise SEO ratings of the company and overall plays an important role in an inbound marketing startegy. In conclusion, thet brief, the abstract is a nutshell overview of the entire thesis. The abstract must form an independent whole that can be understood without reading the actual thesis report.


In the Galois fields , a polynomial basis with a small number of trace-one elements is desirable for its convenience in computing. To find new irreducible polynomials over with this property, we research into the auxiliary polynomial with roots , such that the symmetric polynomials are relative to the symmetric polynomials of . We introduce a new class of polynomials with the number "1" occupying most of the values in its . This indicates that the number "0" occupies most of the values of the traces of the elements . This new class of polynomial gives us an indirect way to find irreducible polynomials having a small number of trace-one elements in their polynomial bases.