31 Plastic waste and its low recycling rate make a significant contribution towards the pollution 32 of the environment. It is therefore essential that plastic waste is utilised in different 33 applications, such as aggregates in concrete. In this paper, an investigation of a manufactured 34 plastic aggregate as a replacement for pumice lightweight aggregate and Lytag aggregate in 35 concrete is presented. The influence of replacement level on the fresh, hardened and 36 microstructure properties of concrete was investigated. The slump, compressive strength, 37 flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus decreased with the increase in 38 replacement level. Neither the fresh density nor the hardened density was significantly affected 39 by replacement level. The Lytag and conventional lightweight concrete mixes had a brittle 40 failure; whereas the concrete mixes incorporating the manufactured plastic aggregate had a 41 ductile post-peak behaviour. The results suggest that the concrete mix containing the 42 manufactured plastic aggregate at a replacement level of 25% can be used in structural and 43 non-structural applications requiring moderate strength and ductility. Predictive models were 44 proposed and demonstrated to be in good agreement with the experimental results for the 45 mechanical properties of the concrete mixes incorporating the manufactured plastic aggregate.


Scale insects of the genus Protortonia Townsend (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Monophlebidae: Llaveiini) are restricted to Mexico, the Caribbean and Central and South America, and are rarely collected. We provide keys to the tribe Llaveiini and to species of Protortonia based on adult females and available nymphal instars. We transfer Marchalina azteca Ferris to Protortonia as P. azteca (Ferris) comb. nov. We revise the genus based on all available instars, redescribe six species – P. azteca from Mexico, P. cacti (L.) from Puerto Rico, P. crotonis Reyne from the Netherlands Antilles, P. ecuadorensis Foldi from Ecuador and Colombia, P. navesi from Brazil and P. primitiva (Townsend) from Mexico, and describe one new species, P. quernea sp. nov. from Costa Rica. We designate a lectotype for M. azteca and Ortonia primitiva Townsend. We also synonymise Ecuadortonia Ben‐Dov with Laurencella Foldi and transfer Ortonia uhleri Signoret to Laurencella as L. uhleri (Signoret) comb. nov.


The paper studies a bimodal metal powder composition designed to prepare feedstock for powder injection molding, as well as microstructure and porosity of sintered pats. Two kinds of metal powder compositions are used, in particular, a mixture of micro- and nanopowders and a bimodal powder prepared with dispersion of steel wire. The feedstock is prepared by mixing a bimodal metal powder composition with acetylacetone and paraffin wax. The microstructure of the debound parts is observed by scanning electron microscopy. The sintered parts are characterized by density measurements and metallographic analysis. The technique of the metal powder composition proves to affect the characteristics of sintered parts. Nanoparticles are shown in the interstitial spaces among the microparticles upon mixing micro- and nanopowders, but the regular distribution of nanoparticles on the surface of microparticles is observed in the bimodal powder providing the reduction of the porosity of sintered parts and increasing the de...


During the last decades new, mainly favorable, associations between sunlight and disease have been discovered, initially ascribed to vitamin D. There is, however, accumulating evidence that the formation of nitric oxide, melatonin, serotonin, endorphin, photodegradation of folic acid, immunomodulation, photoadaptation, and the effect of (sun)light on circadian clocks, are involved as well. After a systematic search in the literature, a summary is given of (recent) research on the health effects of sun exposure and the possibly involved mechanisms. In the last 200 years our exposure to sunlight has changed radically: from a more continuous to an intermittent exposure. Our exposure to light during the day and to artificial light in the evening and at night has changed as well. The present 'epidemic' of skin cancer is mainly caused by the increase of intermittent sun exposure, coinciding with decrease of chronic exposure. Effects of chronic and occupational exposure appear to be latitude-dependent: risk of skin cancer decreases with increasing latitude. In North-western Europe chronic exposure yields a relatively low risk of melanoma and (to a lesser degree) of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. There is epidemiological and experimental evidence that chronic exposure to sunlight could contribute to the prevention of colorectal-, breast-, prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, multiple sclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. The possible consequences of these findings for public health messages on sun exposure are discussed. It is concluded that both too much and too little sunlight may be harmful to our health.


Introduction: Endometriosis is associated with an increased risk of dyspareunia, therefore this chronic gynaecologic disease should be considered as a major cause of sexual dysfunctions. The aims of this study were to review the literature on the effects of endometriosis surgical and pharmacological treatments on female sexual functioning, and to provide suggestions for future treatment strategies. Material and methods: We followed the PRISMA guidelines to conduct this systematic review, which involved an electronic database search of studies on the association between endometriosis and sexuality published between 2000 and 2016. Results: As a result of the screening process, 22 studies were included in this systematic review. The 22 studies included were divided in 2 categories: 1) surgical intervention studies (n = 17), examining postoperative sexual outcomes of surgery for endometriosis; 2) pharmacological intervention studies (n = 5), evaluating the effects of pharmacological endometriosis treatments on sexual functioning. The studies considered showed that overall surgical and pharmacological interventions for endometriosis can lead to medium-/long-term improvement, but not necessarily to a definitive resolution of female sexual dysfunctions due to endometriosis. Conclusions: Sexual functioning is a multidimensional phenomenon and the ideal treatment for endometriosis related sexual dysfunctions should be conducted by a multidisciplinary team that involves not only gynaecologists, but also sexologists and psychologists/psychotherapists. Improving global sexual functioning, and not just reducing pain at intercourse, should be considered as a major clinical goal of endometriosis treatment.


P olycythaemia vera (PV) is an uncommon chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by increased red-cell mass. The condition is currently managed by phlebotomy and/or palliative cytoreductive therapy, most commonly using hydroxyurea (HU). However, around 25% of patients have an inadequate response and/or unacceptable adverse effects; furthermore, patients with resistance to HU appear to have shorter survival than other patients with PV. Recently, a second-line treatment has become available. Ruxolitinib, an oral inhibitor of the Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and JAK 2 tyrosine kinases, has recently received regulatory approval for the treatment of patients with PV who are resistant to or intolerant of HU. This treatment offers the potential to significantly reduce phlebotomy requirements and improve the symptom burden. However, in order to determine which patients will benefit most from ruxolitinib, it is necessary to identify those who are inadequate responders to HU, a definition that is not currently consensual in the literature. Five patient groups, for whom ruxolitinib may be a beneficial second-line treatment option, have been proposed. These comprise patients who are at high risk and retain a high symptom burden after HU, require frequent phlebotomy, have an elevated leukocyte count, are intolerant to HU or interferon, or have palpable splenomegaly.


something remain amiss? Don't candid murmuring about and honest protest against God's injustice still—and always—have their place? Evil and suffering rage to such an extent that the universe is cracked beyond complete repair and redemption. Defense of the world's innocent victims bids acknowledgment that God's goodness—if God exists—is flawed. The future and credibility of theodicy depend on its becoming antitheodicy, which refuses to justify or accept God's relationship to evil. Otherwise, theodicy seems destined, no matter the denials, to legitimate evil and suffering in one way or another, an outcome that Pathways in Theodicy and any of its sequels are better off without.


When power delivery system is used in EMC testing and E-field calibration to monitor the net power at the input of the load, the dual-directional coupler is commonly used. Typically, the power delivery system introduced in [1] and [2] with dual directional coupler is commonly adopted for its predicted uncertainty. In [5], another power delivery method can also be used by terminating the reverse power probe with a load. This paper focuses on the simulation model and experimental comparison between these three different radio-frequency power delivery systems using bi-directional coupler with low directivity.


This essential discussion of Amy Tan's life and works is a necessity for high school students and an enriching supplement for book club members. * Summarizes each of Tan's novels, offering a plot summary and a discussion of themes, settings, and characters * Provides questions that can be used to generate classroom and book club discussion * Includes sidebars to highlight interesting information about the author and her work * Offers a selected, general bibliography of print and electronic resources to facilitate further study


Abstract : This paper describes algorithms for factoring a polynomial in one or more variables, with integer coefficients, into factors which are irreducible over the integers. These algorithms are based on the use of factorizations over finite fields and 'Hensel's Lemma construction'. 'Abstract algorithm' descriptions are used in the presentation of the underlying algebraic theory. Included is a new generalization of Hensel's p-adic construction which leads to a practical algorithm for factoring multivariate polynomials. The univariate case algorithm is also specified in greater detail than in the previous literature, with attention to a number of improvements which the author has developed based on theoretical computing time analyses and experience with actual implementations.


THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF URBAN FREEWAYS ON THE CITY CENTER HAS NOT YET BEEN STUDIED IN ANY SYSTEMATIC WAY. AT THIS ELEMENTARY STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE CONCERNING LAND USE STRUCTURE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO TRANSPORTATION, THE PROBLEM MUST BE PRESENTED IN VERY BROAD TERMS INVOLVING SOME DEGREE OF SUBJECTIVE ANALYSIS. NEVERTHELESS, IT IS CLEARLY REALIZED THAT A PROPER ASSESSMENT OF HIGHWAY IMPACT ON ANY LAND USE OF ACTIVITY MUST NECESSARILY EVALUATE CONDITIONS WITHIN THE FREEWAY NETWORK ITSELF, WHICH MAY ALTER IMPACT. SECONDLY, IT MUST UNDERSTAND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OBJECT SUPPOSEDLY RECEIVING THE IMPACT. IN ADDITION, CLOSELY RELATED VARIABLES MUST ALSO BE UNDERSTOOD. OF COURSE, IN EVALUATING THE ROLE OF FREEWAYS ON THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT (CBD), IT IS CRITICAL THAT TRENDS WITHIN THE CBD BE FULLY REALIZED. ONLY BY CONSIDERING BOTH INHERENT AND CLOSELY RELATED CHANGE IN THE FREEWAY NETWORK, AND INDEPENDENT CHANGE IN TH CBD, CAN THE IMPACT OF FREEWAY DEVELOPMENT ON THE CITY CENTER BE FULLY REALIZED. ALTHOUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTH INTER AND AND INTRACITY TRANSPORTATION MAY HAVE A MARKED EFFECT ON AN URBAN ECONOMY, THERE ARE MANY OTHER SIMULTANEOUS CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE METROPOLIS WHICH MAY ALSO HAVE A BROAD IMPACT. THESE INCLUDE INTER-REGIONAL MIGRATION, DEFENSE SPENDING, NATIONAL MARKET CONDITIONS, THE AVAILABILITY AND ADEQUACY OF WATER, INDUSTRIAL WASTE PROBLEMS, LABOR CONDITIONS, AND THE SHEER MULTIPLYING EFFECTS OF URBAN GROWTH ITSELF, AS WELL AS MANY OTHER THINGS. AS ANY URBAN AREA INCREASES IN POPULATION IT BECOMES MORE SELF-SUFFICIENT IN PROVIDING THE RANGE OF GOODS AND SERVICES REQUIRED BY ITS INHABITANTS. THUS, SOME NEW ESTABLISHMENTS ARE WOVEN INTO THE ECONOMY FOR THIS REASON ALONE. WITH ALL OF THE VARIABLES OPERATING AND HAVING SOME MUTUAL EFFECT ON EACH OTHER, A SUBSTANTIAL RESEARCH PROBLEM ARISES IN SEGREGATING THE INFLUENCES OF FREEWAYS, EVEN IN A GENERAL MANNER, AND PARTICULARLY IN ASSESSING THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE CBD. AS A GENERAL RULE, IT IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT, STATISTICALLY, TO ISOLATE FROM A COMPLEX SET OF FACTORS, THE EFFECTS OF A SINGLE FACTOR (SUCH AS THE IMPACT OF URBAN FREEWAYS ON THE CBD) UNLESS ONE HAS PREVIOUSLY DETERMINED THE EFFECTS WHICH SOME OF THE OTHER IMPORTANT FACTORS HAVE HAD ON CBD ACTIVITIES. FIRST, PRIMARY VARIABLES INHERENT IN THE FREEWAY NETWORK ITSELF, AND THEN THE CLOSELY RELATED VARIABLES, WILL BE DISCUSSED. SECONDLY, CBD DISTRICT CHANGES WILL BE PRESENTED AND ANALYZED IN RELATION TO FUTURE FREEWAY DEVELOPMENT. /AUTHOR/


In short rotation coppice (SRC) plantations, there may be a risk of soil fertility decline requiring fertilizer input that is liable to be a source of pollution and reduce the system profitability. One option is the development of mixed-species plantations, associating a nitrogen-fixing species with the species of economic interest (acacia/eucalyptus, alder/poplar, black locust/poplar, etc.). The nitrogen input, resulting from the introduction of the nitrogen-fixing species could enhance the primary production and modify the carbon partitioning between above and belowground parts of the trees. The current studies will allow to precise the positive or negative effects that prevail within a mixed plantation of poplar and black locust. Cecilia GANA INRA Centre de Nancy-Lorraine UMR Ecologie et ecophysiologie forestieres F-54280 CHAMPENOUX (email@example.com)


Why is such critical information about patients and their lives so frequently left unsaid? There are a myriad of possible explanations.


This paper investigates the Transfer Torque Characteristics of Magnetic Geared Machines (MGM) using Frozen Permeability(FP) Method. In order to accurately separate the PM and armature fields and hence the transfer torque capacity accounting for the magnetic saturation, the FPM on finite element method is employed. By using this proposed method, the analysis flow for MGM is presented and the transfer torque characteristics of MGM is analyzed according to the pole pair combination.


The interest to the use of polarized light in various modern biomedical applications is significantly growing. We explore the influence of scattering and birefringence on the phase shift between electric field components of polarized light propagated through biotissues. Degree of polarization and phase shift between the orthogonal components of circularly polarized light, propagated through the tissue samples, are examined utilizing Poincaré sphere. Scattering reduction and birefringence increase are achieved, respectively, by optical clearing and mechanical stretch. Notably different signatures of state of polarization are observed for scattering and birefringence alterations that makes it possible to distinguish mechanisms of phase retardation.


Strait Islander Peoples (McLennan & Madden, 1997) outlines the following statistics. The life expectancy for Aboriginal Australians is 15 to 20 years lower than for non-Aboriginal Australians, and is lower than for most countries of the world with the exception of central Africa and India. Aboriginal babies are two to three times more likely to be of lower birth weight and two to four times more likely to die at birth than nonAboriginal babies. Hospitalisation rates are two to three times higher for Aboriginal than nonAboriginal Australians. Death rates from infec tious diseases are 15 times higher among Aboriginal Australians than non-Aboriginal Australians. Rates for heart disease, diabetes, injury and respiratory diseases are also all higher among Aboriginals and so the list goes on. It is fair to say that Aboriginal people have higher rates for almost every type of illness for which statistics are currently recorded. In regards to the mental health of Aboriginal Australians there is a notable lack of good quality data. In compiling their report Ways Forward: The National Consultancy Report on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health, Swan & Raphael (1995) found high levels of unmet need in relation to mental health. They suggested that Aboriginal people "suffer mental health problems


Evidence suggestive of vitamin E deficiency has been reported in children and adults with malabsorption (Gordon, Nitowsky, Tildon and Levin, 1958; Braunstein, 1961; Binder, Herting, Hurst, Finch and Spiro, 1965). In addition to low plasma tocopherol levels, experimental depletion of vitamin E in animals and man results in an increased haemolysis of erythrocytes exposed to hydrogen peroxide (Rose and Gy6rgy, 1952; Horwitt, 1962), and this is widely used as an additional test for deficiency of the vitamin. After partial gastrectomy and other operations for peptic ulcer, malabsorption may be found (Everson, 1952; Shingleton, Isley, Floyd, Sanders, Baylin, Postlethwait, Ruffin, 1957; Tyor and Ruffin, 1958; Weir and Gatenby, 1963; Deller and Witts, 1962), and it seemed possible that vitamin E deficiency might also occur. In this study the plasma vitamin E levels and the susceptibility of erythrocytes to haemolysis by hydrogen peroxide were measured in patients after gastric surgery, and compared with values found in normal subjects and patients with peptic ulcer.


The use of probiotic microorganisms is not new, since long time ago, man has been using them empirically, have only recently been studied and reveal the mechanisms by which they exert beneficial effects on human health and alleviate various pathologies. This work is an updated overview of the probiotics knowledge, their characteristics, their mode of action, and the beneficial effect they have on human health. Also shows the important role in the functioning of the digestive system and different methods by which exert beneficial effects: competition with harmful bacteria shift its binding site and inhibiting epithelial growth and death by producing antibacterial compounds or lowering the pH, improving the intestinal barrier function, production of important nutrients for intestinal function as well as immunomodulation. It reflects on the use of probiotics as an alternative in the treatment of various diseases that affect human health, always considering that the proper use of them, the family used and the dose will be vital factors in the success.


In this study, the impact of various traits and effects on auction price of Texel, Suffolk and German white-headed mutton rams was determined. Furthermore, (co)variance components between auction price and performance traits recorded at licensing were estimated. Data from 1988 to 2007 were extracted from the recording database of the Sheep Breeding Organisation in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Auction prices of 1133 Texel, 373 Suffolk and 341 German white-headed mutton rams from the year 2003 to 2007 were analysed. General Linear Models and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to identify the impact of traits and effects on the auction price. Estimation of (co)variance components was carried out using multivariate animal model. From the traits recorded at licensing, live weight, followed by type traits of conformation and muscle mass, had the highest impact on the auction price. Also the effects of breed, PrP (Prion Protein) genotype, and owner of the ram influenced the auction price of rams significantly. A moderate genetic contribution of auction price, with favourable genetic correlations to all collected performance traits (average daily gain from birth until licensing, muscle depth, fat depth, conformation, muscle mass and wool quality), was estimated. Genetic correlations were 0.42, 0.34, 0.17, 0.49, 0.39 and 0.23, respectively. The results showed a high influence of live weight of animal on auction price of the rams contrary to very low influence of carcass quality traits measured with logy. ultrasound techno


Taking the task of employment in higher education as a cutting-point,and in terms of the present problems appeared in the development of higher vocational education,this paper puts forward some thoughts and ideas which are active and cautious in development.This paper also mentions some aspects needing attention.


An analysis of the effects of thermal-radiation and chemical reaction on free convective heat and mass transfer flow through an irregular (wavy) vertical channel (made up of a finitely long wavy wall at one end and a parallel flat wall at the other) with constant volumetric heat absorption/generation is carried out. The Rosseland approximation is used to describe radiative heat transfer in the limit of optically thick fluids. The non-dimensional governing equations which comprises of continuity, momentum, energy and species equations were simplified using perturbation method and hence written in terms of zeroth and first order set of coupled differential equations. The solutions of these sets of coupled differential equations were obtained for velocity, temperature, concentration and pressure drop of the fluid, using Adomian decomposition method. The expressions for the fluid variables and those of some characteristics of heat and mass transfer namely Skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number obtained from fluid variables are evaluated numerically and presented graphically for various parameters involved in the problem. By carrying out comparisons with the available data in the literature, our numerical results were validated and excellent agreements were obtained. It is noticed among others, that an increase in the radiation and chemical reaction parameters leads to a decrease in the fluid velocity across the entire width of the channel. The temperature decreases with an increase in the radiation parameter, while an increase in the temperature is observed with an increase in the chemical reaction parameter.


Reading is an important way for human beings to gain knowledge.Starting from the aims of reading course and the research project of"A Study on the Teaching Contents and Mode of Reading Course for the English Majored Students",this paper focuses on the essence of the researching issue and analyzes the problems in current reading course.It also summarizes a series of implemented reform methods,aiming to improve teaching effect and increase the students' language ability.


nervous tissue is generally accepted. A relatively small decrease in the serum ionized calcium causes hyperexcitability of sensory and motor nerve fibres, and spontaneous activity may be sufficient to cause paraesthesiae and muscular spasm, which is the basis of tetany. Conversely, increased ionized calcium in the blood might be expected to decrease nerve excitability. The muscular weakness commonly found in cases of hyperparathyroidism has been so explained (Albright and Reifenstein, 1948), but surprisingly few sensory symptoms have been reported. Aphonia and deafness were noted by a patient (Case 1) at a time when hypoexcitability of nerves was certainly present. Cases 2 and 3 were seen two years after operation, so data are not complete. It is suggested, however, that they closely resemble Case 1 in the type of symptoms exhibited, and in the prompt and permanent relief after removal of a parathyroid adenoma. They are reported by courtesy of Mr. J. Hinton Robertson.


Overexpression of ABC transporters leads to MDR (Multiple Drug Resistance). MDR is considered to be the major contributor to failure of chemotherapy in metastatic cancers. ABC transporters have protective role in normal cells by extruding xenobiotics of cytotoxic compounds from the cell. The development of selective inhibitors of P-gp, MRP1, MRP2, and BCRP has been a major goal of many research groups in the last few years. Previous studies have shown that 1,4-dihydropyridines could inhibit these transporters. In this study, some new 1,4-dihydropyridine and pyrimidine have been developed and their inhibitory effect on the resistant cancer cell lines was examined. In order to elucidate the binding mode of these compounds, a molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation was performed for the protein-ligand complex. Dihydropyridines were more potent than dihydropyrimidines. However, one of the dihydropyrimidine derivatives selectively inhibited BCRP. The binding mode of these compounds showed that methoxy groups and heterocyclic rings could create hydrogen bonds with polar residues at the active sites. These regions were more stable during MD simulation.


We study the quantum dynamics of filling an empty lattice of size $L$, by connecting it locally with an equilibrium thermal bath that injects non-interacting bosons or fermions. We adopt four different approaches, namely (i) direct exact numerics, (ii) Redfield equation, (iii) Lindblad equation, and (iv) quantum Langevin equation -- which are unique in their ways for solving the time dynamics and the steady-state. Our setup offers a simplistic platform to understand fundamental aspects of dynamics and approach to thermalization. The quantities of interest that we consider are the spatial density profile and the total number of bosons/fermions in the lattice. The spatial spread is ballistic in nature and the local occupation eventually settles down owing to equilibration. The ballistic spread of local density admits a universal scaling form. We show that this universality is only seen when the condition of detailed balance is satisfied by the baths. The difference between bosons and fermions shows up in the early time growth rate and the saturation values of the profile. The techniques developed here are applicable to systems in arbitrary dimensions and for arbitrary geometries.


Sugar allylic alcohols are readily converted into sugar allvltin derivatives of the general formula Sug-CH=CH-CH2SnBu3 or Sug-CH(SnBu3)-CH=CH2. Both, primary and secondary allyltins undergo controlled decomposition induced with the Lewis acids (preferably ZnCl2) to the dienoaldehvdes with the trans configuration of the internal double bond exclusively. Primary allyltins are stable up to 170 °C, while secondary ones are converted into the cis dienoaldehydes at 140 °C. The corresponding dienoaldehydes were used for the preparation of highly oxidized bicyclo[4.3.0]nonanes and bicyclo[4.4.0]decanes. Introduction Highly oxygenated carbobicyclic derivatives like bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane and bicyclo[4.4.0]decane might possess interesting biological activity. For example, one of the stereoisomers of decalin 2 has shown potent and selective α-glucosidase inhibition at μΜ concentration against a and ß-glucosidases. However, compounds of this type are available only in racemic form. Optically pure derivatives 2 and 3 might be, eventually, prepared from the precursors 4 and 5, which could be obtained from the dienoaldehyde 1 Figure 1. Synthetic plan for the preparation of carbobicycles from sugars Aldehyde 1 might be prepared from monosaccharides either by a stepwise procedure or by a rearrangement of a sugar skeleton; the latter might offer access to configurationally pure dienes 1 either in the trans or cis forms. The most promising method for such controlled rearrangement of a sugar skeleton seemed to be a reductive fragmentation of compound 6 (X = halogen) induced with metallic zinc; it might be regarded as an application of the classical Vasella reaction (see Fig. 2) to allylic sugar derivatives. Unfortunately all attempts to prepare the dienoaldehyde 1 via a modified Vasella reaction failed. The other methods were, therefore, needed to accomplish conversion of 6 into 1. The solution to the problem came from the different field. One of the methods applied by us in the synthesis of higher carbon sugars was based on a coupling of sugar allyltin derivatives 6 (X = SnBu3) with aldehydes catalyzed with a Lewis acid. Besides the expected higher sugar precursor, we isolated also significant amounts of a decomposition product, which, to our surprise, was identified as dienoaldehyde 1. Moreover, the configuration of the internal double bond was exclusively trans. This result, a controlled decomposition of a sugar skeleton induced with a Lewis acid, opened a convenient route to enantiomerically pure carbobicyclic derivatives such as 4 and 5 (as presented schematically in Fig. 1). Figure 2. The Vasella reaction


The taxonomy, distribution and horticulture of the south-west Australian endemic Caladenia drummondii Benth. (Orchidaceae) are discussed, including a brief account of recent insights from molecular phylogenetic research on the subtribe Caladeniinae and circumscription of the genus Caladenia. Illustrations and a description of C. drummondii are provided.


A method of obtaining a local bare-electron-ion pseudopotential from the phonon dispersion curves is proposed. The major assumption made is that the bare-electron-ion plus the ion-ion interactions can be represented by short-range two-body force constants. This allows the coefficients of any appropriate series expansion for the bare-electron-ion potential to be found in terms of the force constants, the values of which are then determined by a least-squares fit to the phonon dispersion curves. It is hoped that this method can reproduce the phonon dispersion curves more accurately, using fewer parameters than current methods. It may also be used to reveal whether different formulations of the dielectric function are correct, and the pseudopotential may enable accurate calculations of other material properties. The preliminary application, reproducing the phonon dispersion curves of potassium, is presented and is found to be quite encouraging.


This study on prototype self-learning knowledge based system (KBS) is focused on evaluation of loan application used to overcome the challenges that resulted from lack of domain experts and poor loan evaluations. We attempted to design and develop a prototype self-learning KBS that provide advisory services for any credit customers and assists the domain experts in evaluation of customer's requests for the loan. To develop this prototype system, knowledge was acquired using semi-structured interview from domain experts which are selected using purposive sampling technique from Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) and critique the acquired knowledge. Explicit knowledge is acquired by analyzing the secondary source of knowledge by method of document analysis. Then, the acquired knowledge is modeled using decision tree that represents concepts and procedures involved in credit evaluation and production rules are used to represent the domain knowledge. The prototype system is implemented using SWI Prolog editor tool. To determine the applicability of the prototype system in the domain area, the system has been evaluated and tested by the domain experts. Eighteen (18) test cases were selected purposively.  Test cases are equally selected from both ineligible and eligible cases. The overall total performance of the prototype system is 77.71%. The performance of the prototype system is hopeful and meets the objective of the study. The study concludes that the major credit production type that advanced to customer is import letter of credit facility, export credit facility, pre-shipment credit facility and merchandise. The   eligibility of application is focused on general and specific criteria. Credit customer is classified as business, corporate and commercial based on the score sheet they achieved. Generally, in this study, the applicability of knowledge of prototype self-learning KBS is proved as hopeful approach in banking industry for credit evaluation. Keywords : KBS, self-learning and credit (loan). DOI: 10.7176/IKM/10-6-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2020


Decision making consists in choosing, on the basis of various criteria, an appropriate subset of actions among a set of alternatives. The most research related to this field proceeds by aggregating all the criteria in a single objective function and rank alternatives according to this scalar measure. Unfortunately, this is often quite inadequate because it risks to alter the final decision. To discard this drawback, outranking based centralized methods have been proposed. However, they remain insufficient because they don't match with the logical distribution of criteria. That is why we propose a distributed approach which finds out the best compromise between all criteria by considering them as cooperative agents. The underlying foundations are detailed and illustrated via both an example and experimentation. Key-Words: Multicriteria optimization, decision making, cooperative agents, multi-agent systems.


This paper discusses the use of floating production systems (FPS) in developing offshore fields and includes consideration of related system and subsystem options. The system options are discussed from their relative technical and economical merits. Proven conventional and state-of-the-art technology as well as technical limitations are included. A decision tree matrix has been developed for use in the early planning stages to assist in determining preferred baseline options for selecting an approach. Systems from the mud-line upwards to the floating hull, and on-board systems, are included.


A cationic SNS-benzylpalladium complex was reacted with O2 under several conditions, affording oxygenated compounds derived from the benzyl ligand. The addition of n-Bu4NX remarkably accelerated the oxygenation, furnishing benzaldehyde as a main organic product and dinuclear complexes; in contrast, HX also promoted the oxygenation, but mainly produced benzyl hydroperoxide and mononuclear complexes.


The terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001 affected the U.S. airline industry more than almost any other industry. Certain of these companies emerged successful, however, and demonstrated remarkable resilience while others languished. This investigation identifies the reasons why some airline companies recovered successfully after the attacks while others struggled. Evidence is provided that layoffs after the crisis, while intended to foster recovery, instead inhibited recovery throughout the four years after the crisis. But layoffs after the crisis were strongly correlated with the lack of financial reserves and the lack of a viable business model prior to the crisis. Digging deeper, we find that having a viable business model itself depended on the extent to which positive employee relationships had been achieved and maintained over the long term. One implication of our findings is that layoffs, while reducing costs in the short term, may also undermine the positive relationships that are critical for achieving lasting recovery.


THE INVENTION REGARD TO THE PROTECTION AGAINST LIQUID EVAPORATION, AND MORE SPECIFICALLY, A MEANS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING THE SURFACE LIQUID AGAINST HEAT MASS EXCHANGE IN LIQUID-GAS SYSTEM. MIDDLE CONTAINS POLYMER CAPACITY INFLATION LIMITED IN LIQUID TO PROTECT OR ITS MIXTURE WITH REGARD TO NEUTRAL LOAD. THE PROCESS IS TO SPREAD THE STATED AVERAGE SURFACE FLUID TO PROTECT A REASON 0.1 A 2 KGM SURFACE. POLYMER SWELL IS RAPIDLY DURING THE CONTACT WITH LIQUID IN FORMING CONTINUOUS GELATINOUS PREVENTING HEAT COATING MASS EXCHANGE ON THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID. THE INVENTION MAY BE USED IN INDUSTRY oIL DURING STORAGE OF oIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.


The(22E,24S)-2α,3α-dihydroxy-5α-stigmastan-22-en-6-one was transformed corresponding to epoxide by the peroxyacetic acid.The two epoxide isomers have been separated by liquid chromatography and their structures were identified by NMR.The activity of three peroxyacid were discussed.


Endothelium for long considered to be just an inert inner lining of the vessel wall and a mechanical barrier has now its role well established in vascular health and homeostasis. It is one of the largest organs of the body comprising of one trillion cells, weighing over 1 kg and three square meters in a 70 kg male.[1] It is intricately involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension. This review focuses on the complex interplay between hypertension and endothelial dysfunction and their impact on outcomes in cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction has been defined as the alteration of the properties of the endothelium leading to impaired vasodilatation of blood vessels, creation of a proinflammatory and prothrombotic milieu, and in the long term, to the development of atherosclerosis.


We show that certain extensions of classifiable C*-algebra are strongly classified by the associated six-term exact sequence in K-theory together with the positive cone of K_{0}-groups of the ideal and quotient. We apply our result to give a complete classification of graph C*-algebras with exactly one ideal.


Objective To investigate the CT findings and pathological basis of the avascular necrosis of the femoral head(ANFH) in adults.Methods CT coronal scanning was performed on 38 femoral heads obtained from total hip replacement for ANFH.All femoral heads were sawed into 5 mm gross section and pathological examination was taken.CT findings,gross section and pathological results were compared on all femoral heads.Results ANFH involved the anterosuperior weight bearing component in all femoral head.CT coincided with gross section at the necrotic area,reactive repaired area and extralesional area.On gross section,chocolate brown reactive repaired area separated inner yellow necrotic area from outside extralesional area.On CT,the reactive repaired area showed a sclerotic line or band which surrounded the necrotic area.Compared with extralesional area,the necrotic area appeared isodensity in 20 femoral heads,isodensity companied by surrounding hypodensity in 14,homogeneous or inhomogeneous hypodensity in 4.Conclusion ANFH involve the anterosuperior weight bearing component of the femoral head.Characteristic CT findings are reactive repaired area,which appears a marked sclerotic line or band separating the inner necrotic portion from outside normal area.


As an important part of experimental research and method verification,the development and design of measurement and control platform and software environment play an important role.Based on the background of space panel vibration shape perception and active control, using Visual C++,OpenGL and embedded measurement and control units,this paper emphasizes on the design of fiber optic smart panel vibration shape perception,real-time visualization and active vibration control,including design idea,key technology,main function and kernel unit.Testing results prove the development and design of software environment effective,and it supports environment-friendly software platform with powerful function for testing platform and measurement and control system.


The theory of interleaver is described, and the filter in crystal based interleaver is fully described. Exampled with YVO4 crystal, the theory about the design and operation is presented as well.


There have been many evidences that the mycorrhiza enhance turf grass establishment rate and promote turf stress tolerance levels. However, in Khartoum state, Sudan the public lawns suffer from dryness and hard appearance, as located in semiarid climate. There is very limited scientific research available in turf grass management to support this assertion. This research was designed to study the impact of introducing mycorrhizal inoculum (SYMBIVIT) into soil prior to turf grass establishment. An experiment was conducted at Shamabat in an alkaline soil of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, in order to study the ensuring response. Four treatments consisting of control (uninoculated and without fertilizers, application of P2O5 (50 kg ha), plus SYMIVIT Mycorrihza inoculum (25Kg ha), and mixture of P2O5 and SYMBIVT with same doses (50 kg ha and 25 kg ha respectively).The results showed that the mycorrhiza association in semiarid region improved lawn establishment not only in better turf grass quality via more Freshness with higher water and phosphorus and chlorophyll content but also improved the soil phisco-chemical properties. Furthermore the mycorrhizal inoculum encouraged the growth of other soil microorganisms and / or enhanced the activity of the indigenous mycorrhiza. Adding Phosphorus with mycorrhiza enhanced these capabilities but it is negatively affected the other microorganisms. More studies are needed to optimize the mycorrhizal inoculum dose under local conditions with other beneficial microorganisms and its reflection on soil composition.


Beurling LASSO generalizes the LASSO problem to finite Radon measures regularized via their total variation. Despite its theoretical appeal, this space is hard to parametrize, which poses an algorithmic challenge. We propose a formulation of continuous convolutional source separation with Beurling LASSO that avoids the explicit computation of the measures and instead employs the duality transform of the proximal mapping.


Lee, Woosung.2014.Figure 2. Financial Support System for Technology and Innovation,Photos,SeoulKDI School of Public Policy and Management,Knowledge Sharing Program: KSP Modularization


A two-dimensional scanning micro-mirror was presented and the laser scanning was two-dimensionally achieved by reflection to meet the micromation requirement of a laser scanning device. A theoretical model of the structure was used to analyze the scanning frequencies and the maximum scanning angles of two degrees of freedom. The principle device was studied and the experiment shows that the two scanning frequencies are 170.1 Hz and 378.8 Hz, respectively. The micro-mirror scans two-dimensionally with large amplitudes when actuated at two scanning frequencies simultaneously. The scanning range increases with increasing actuator displacement. By the actuation of 10 μm displacement, the scanning range of the two-dimensional scanning micro-mirror is above 30°×20°.


Malang City has a variety of interesting tourist objects to visit. Determining the desired place of visit requires access speed and accuracy of favorite places to visit. This can be obtained with a mobile application that utilizes the internet and GPS features of a smartphone. Therefore, the Mobile recommender system of Malang is needed, which recommends favorite place to go in Malang. The scope of this application is developed tourist destinations in Malang & Batu, beach around Malang, shopping destinations, places to buy souvenirs, traditional snacks, organic vegetables, traditional Malang cuisine, Korean cuisine, and cafe in Malang. All of these mobile recommender systems were developed under the same algorithm-based model management system by using the Technique of Order Preference for Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). But the success rate of the TOPSIS method will not be seen without further testing (TOPSIS performance will be tested in the further research). To ensure the mobile recommender system of tourism is feasible to be used by end users in this study, it needs to test its usability with the System Usability Scale (SUS) instrument. Testing with SUS has been done in the systematic measurement using 10 statements of SUS. The test shows the score of SUS is 78.25 that means the mobile recommender system of Malang tourism is acceptable to be used by end users and classified into grade C with a good rating. Usability testing results can be improved by eliminating the TOPSIS's weight of the criteria so that it can be more user- friendly.


Objective To investigate the correlation of level of platelet activation marker,platelet membrane glucoproteins(GPⅡb/ IIIa,P-selectin) with the indexes of PaO2,PaCO2 in elderly patients with chronic cor pulmonary.Methods The levels of GPⅡb/ IIIa,P-selectin and indexes of PaO2、PaCO2 in 36 denile patients with cor pulmonary(observation group),28 healthy senile subjects(control group I) and 28 young healthy subjects(control group II) were determined and compared.Results Compared with control group I and II,the expressions of both GPⅡb/ IIIa and P-selectin increased significantly(P0.001).The expressions of both GPⅡb/ Ⅲa and Pselectin in control group I were statistically higher than that of control group Ⅱ(P0.05).The expression of GPⅡb/ IIIa,P-selectin in observation group was negatively correlated with that of PaO2,the expression of GPⅡb/ IIIa,P-selectin was positively correlated with thtt of PaCO2.Conclusion The platelet in elderly patients with chronic cor pulmonary is at the overactivated state,and the extent of activation of platelet is closely associated with the expression of PaO2、PaCO2.


The virtual operating and training system for guncotton producing includes theory knowledge, entity model, accident scene, database, virtual operating, operating and testing modules. The entity model and accident scene was realized by 3DS MAX. The database was realized by adopting VB and Access. The operation test marks were valued by using the work single configuration method in CENTUM sequential control table. The system training contains whole process, working procedure, and working condition.


Article analysis consists the list the significance of the main results that were obtained when analyzing the graph-phonetic features of the first Cyrillic books in the XIX century:1.The first Cyrillic books allow us to see how the classification of dialects changed.2.The first Cyrillic books allow you to date the time of phonetic changes.3.The first Cyrillic books make it possible to verify the accuracy of transcription of extinct dialects completed by different authors.4.The first Cyrillic books made it possible to identify phenomena that persist in modern dialects and existed in the XIX century, but previously did not attract the systematic attention of scientists.5.The first Cyrillic books make it possible to clarify the territory where speakers of some dialects had previously lived.6.The first Cyrillic books confirm the reconstruction of the proto-language.7.First books allow us to clarify the reconstruction of the proto-language.8.The first Cyrillic books allow us to establish who was the true creator of literary languages.


This paper is designed to quantitatively measure the level of aptitude and availability of the students from the "Nicolae Bălcescu" Land Forces Academy in Sibiu for the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies as teaching tools in the process of education and instruction. The paper is a first stage of a broader research topic, the results of which will be addressed to both teachers and researchers, as well as students and other categories of trainees. The introductory part of the paper analyses the importance of VR and AR technologies as learning environments for the military education system in particular and the advantages of using them for the cadets' combat training. Also, the main characteristics of the three types of reality, environmental, virtual and augmented, are highlighted, which allow a better understanding of the structure and operation of AR and VR. The research methodology was then developed, establishing a survey by applying a questionnaire on a sample of 300 students from the academy and then processing and interpreting the results obtained. The conclusions of the paper show the general predisposition of students to understand and use the two technologies both as tools of learning in didactic teaching and as instruments of improving the skills of fighters in modelling and simulating military actions.


Abstract : The warfighting readiness of the Army National Guard combat brigades (enhanced brigades) is more critical today than ever before. Changing defense needs due to the end of the cold war and budgetary constraints have increased reliance on enhanced brigades and on their ability to deploy within 90 days of mobilization to any number of regional conflicts. However, deficiencies noted during the brigades' mobilization for the Persian Gulf War raised questions about the time to be ready to deploy and training strategies. Is the dependence on the National Guard enhanced brigades to deploy to a theater trained and ready within 90 days of mobilization a sound strategy? This study assesses the capability of the enhanced brigades to meet this requirement, and offers recommendations to enhance their readiness posture. The implementation of these recommendations leads to systemic changes and better integration among all the components to insure the enhanced brigades are truly the nations strategic insurance.


www.PRSJournal.com 1309 "T Human Eye Allotransplantation: Developing Surgical Protocols for Donor and Recipient Procedures" is a cadaveric study investigating the anatomical viability of eye vascularized composite allotransplantation. The authors describe the details of their operative technique and report length and caliber measurements for the related vessels and nerves. Although this study is intriguing, a number of anatomical and practical questions arise about the clinical feasibility. Based on our current understanding of optic physiology and neural regeneration, the most significant practical impediment to this technique is the specificity of optic nerve recovery. In this study, the authors describe coaptation of cranial nerves II, III, IV, V1, and VI. Even if this technique were to result in robust axonal regeneration between the globe and the visual cortex, it is unclear whether vision could be fully restored. The authors describe a number of specific challenges to such recovery,1 and state that "[f]ulllength axon regeneration and partial recovery of simple visual behaviors has been demonstrated in an adult mouse optic nerve injury model." Animal models of nerve regeneration do not always mimic human neural recovery; the cellular types within the retina are different, the regeneration distance is significantly shorter, and the effects of comorbidities such as smoking and advanced age are more difficult to evaluate.2 This is the most critical and principal unknown aspect of this technique: despite the possibility of providing a viable, perfused globe and the return of neural signaling, the restoration of vision may not be meaningfully achieved. If a patient were to recover some degree of rudimentary vision but could not see well enough to perform daily activities, would this be worth the current price of immunosuppression? Until we better understand the possibility of restoring meaningful visual acuity, the risk-to-benefit ratio may not (or never) be in favor of isolated eye transplantation. As with most areas of vascularized composite allotransplantation, the provision of immunologic tolerance would confer a significant advance. This procedure would potentially be applicable in acquired cases of isolated blindness, but may find greater immediate utility in blind patients undergoing concomitant craniofacial vascularized composite allotransplantation. Blind patients undergoing facial allotransplantation may be ideal candidates for total human eye allotransplantation given their existing requirement for immunosuppression; some of these patients have received ocular prostheses that can provide an acceptable aesthetic appearance despite the absence of function.3 However, given the large number of patients worldwide with acquired blindness, this technique provides interesting possibilities for the restoration of sight. The authors present supporting anatomical data about the vascularity of the globe and periorbita,4 but additional anatomical perfusion studies, specifically for the purposes of eye transplantation, are needed to confirm adequate allograft vascularity. The eye and orbit are supplied predominantly through the internal carotid arterial system, whereas craniofacial vascularized composite allotransplantation, to date, has been performed through different branches of the external carotid system.5 Would it be possible to combine these two allografts in one vascular territory? The answer to this question remains unknown, and this study does not provide us the anatomical basis to form an answer. Additional anatomical studies are needed to determine all


Internal instability occurs when the filtrates under the influence of seepage forces washout the finer fraction from granular soils, resulting in the deterioration of the mechanical and geotechnical properties, e.g. change in soil gradation, large volumetric strains and increased permeability etc. In railway substructures, filters are installed as drainage or subballast layers to arrest the eroding subgrade fines into superstructure that could otherwise endanger the stability of tracks due to ballast fouling and clay pumping. Notably, the design and assessments for internal instability potential for subballast are currently emphasized through existing filtration criteria which neglect the effects of cyclic loading. This paper reports an investigation of the internal stability assessment of saturated subballast filters subjected to cyclic loading. Experimental results conducted on selected soil gradations in specially designed cyclic loading permeameter revealed that repeated loading promotes substantial and premature suffusion failure, the intensity of which increases with the loading frequency. An existing criterion for assessing the internal instability potential is modified to capture the effects of cyclic loading that is subsequently validated through extensive laboratory data. Comparisons between static and cyclic response of test samples revealed that the suffusion could occur at unique hydro-mechanical boundaries, which would have implications in practical design of internally stable subballast filters under unfavorable hydro-mechanical and cyclic loading conditions.


Few studies have examined the frequency and survival implications of clinicopathologic stage discrepancy in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).


Several bacteria, including Azotobacter vinelandii, possess an alternative pathway of l‐rhamnose metabolism, which is different from the known bacterial pathway. In a previous article, a gene cluster related to this pathway was identified, consisting of the genes encoding the four metabolic enzymesl‐rhamnose‐1‐dehydrogenase (LRA1), l‐rhamnono‐γ‐lactonase (LRA2), l‐rhamnonate dehydratase (LRA3) and l‐2‐keto‐3‐deoxyrhamnonate (l‐KDR) aldolase (LRA4), by which l‐rhamnose is converted into pyruvate and l‐lactaldehyde, through analogous reaction steps to the well‐known Entner‐Doudoroff (ED) pathway. In this study, bioinformatic analysis revealed that Sphingomonas sp. possesses a gene cluster consisting of LRA1–3 and two genes of unknown function, LRA5 and LRA6. LRA5 catalyzed the NAD+‐dependent dehydrogenation of several l‐2‐keto‐3‐deoxyacid‐sugars, including l‐KDR. Furthermore, the reaction product was converted to pyruvate and l‐lactate by LRA6; this is different from the pathway of Azotobacter vinelandii. Therefore, LRA5 and LRA6 were assigned as the novel enzymes l‐KDR 4‐dehydrogenase and l‐2,4‐diketo‐3‐deoxyrhamnonate hydrolase, respectively. Interestingly, both enzymes were phylogenetically similar to l‐rhamnose‐1‐dehydrogenase and d‐2‐keto‐3‐deoxyarabinonate dehydratase, respectively, and the latter was involved in the archeal nonphosphorylative d‐arabinose pathway, which is partially analogous to the ED pathway. The introduction of LRA1–4 or LRA1–3, LRA5 and LAR6 compensated for the l‐rhamnose‐defective phenotype of an Escherichia coli mutant. Metabolic evolution and promiscuity between the alternative l‐rhamnose pathway and other sugar pathways analogous to the ED pathway are discussed.


Foreword Preface General introduction Mentalistic Approaches to Human Nature and Society The Physicological Research Program The Physicological Analysis of Sexual Differentiation (SD) Intrasystemic Hormone Effects Evolution and Ultimate Causes of SD The Proximate Cause of Sexual Differentiation Permanent Organizational Effects of Sex Hormones Transient Effects of Sex Hormones Conversion of One Sex Hormone into Another Intermediate Brain Estradiol Concentrations Sex Hormones as Harmonizers of Body, Brain, and Behavioral Development Origin of Sexual Differentiation of the Fetus Cerebral E2 and SD of the Brain Universal Economy and Fixed Budgets Sex Hormones and Individual Variability Epilogue Bibliography


Application of the Grassberger-Proccacia method of extracting fractal dimension of attractors from time-series is applied to various flows: Rayleigh-Benard and electrohydrodynamical convection (EHD) and grid-generated turbulence. Comparison with both known attractors and random white noise is carried out. For Rayleigh-Benard convection a low dimensional (ν=3,0±0,2) attractor is found. A wider study has been undertaken in the case of EHD flow (variation with instability parameter and aspect ratio). In this case, like in the case of grid-generated turbulence, no small dimension ( Application a divers ecoulements (Convection de Rayleigh-Benard, convection EHD, turbulence de grille) de la methode de Grassberger et Proccacia pour determiner la dimension fractale des attracteurs correspondants


Objective: To explore the clinical effects of internal fixation with unilateral pedicle screw in single-level lumbar disc herniation. Methods: From May 2009 to April 2012, 48 patients with single-level lumbar disc herniation were treated by the screw rod fixation intervertebral, there was 26 cases in internal fixation with bilateral pedicle internal(group A)and 22 cases in fixation with unilateral pedicle fixation(group B). We were compared two kinds of surgical patients with operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospitalization days, fusion rate, JOA score before and after operation, so that we can analyse the effects of the two operation methods. Results: All patients were followed up average of 17 months,all parameters of patients with postoperative function is better than that of preoperative, operation time, blood loss in patients with group B is better than that of A group of patients, The preoperative JOA of 2 groups have no statistically significant difference(P 0.05), And the JOA at the last time follow-up also have no statistical significance(P 0.05). Conclusion: In the aspect of operation cost and operative injury,the internal fixation with unilateral pedicle screws combined with intervertebral fusion is lower than that with bilateral pedicle screws fixation in the single-level lumbar disc herniation,and they have a common effect,so the internal fixation with unilateral pedicle screws combined with intervertebral fusion is suitable to applling in clinic.


The cemento-ossifying fibroma is classified as a non-odontogenic fibro-osseous neoplasm with a potential to form fibrous tissue, cement and bone, or a combination of such elements. It is a rare, benign, slow-growing tumour most commonly involving the mandible and can attain an enormous size with the resultant facial deformity if left untreated. We report a case of cemento-ossifying fibroma involving the right mandible in a seventeen year old male. The clinical, radiological and histopathological features and the course of treatmentare described.


A vacuum-assisted, injection-molded, repair splice has been developed for joining linear arrays of optical fibers (fiber ribbons). We describe the assembly tool and procedure followed to fabricate an optical fiber ribbon repair splice. The use of vacuum assist in the connector itself during the assembly process allows one to easily hold the fibers in their grooves and greatly simplifies the assembly tools and procedures required to fabricate a splice. Numerous ribbon splices were made both in the laboratory and in a manhole test facility in an effort to evaluate the quality of the splices obtained using this splicing method. The average splice loss was 0.2 dB with 95 percent of the splice joints having losses less than 0.7 dB.


Aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, which affects many tissues and organs, but majorly attacks synovial joints. Beyond the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) has been sugges ted to be associated with RA susceptibility. Evidence regarding the association of PADI4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and RA is controversial, thus we conducted this large-scale case-control study to assess the association of rs874881 and rs11203367 PADI4 SNPs with susceptibility to RA. Materials and Methods: Study population (including 665 RA patients and 392 sex-, age-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls) were enrolled from Rheu matology Research Center of Tehran University of Me dical Sciences, Shariati hospital. Results: Allele or genotype frequencies of the investigated PADI4 SNPs were not different between RA patients and healthy subjects; genotypes (expressed as odds ratios) of rs11203367 [TT 0.98 (0.68-1.4), CT 0.93 (0.71-1.24), P value > 0.05] and rs874881 [CG 0.97 (0.73-1.29), GG 0.98 (0.68-1.41), P value > 0.05] did not affect RA risk. Disease severity score DAS28, RF and anti-CCP antibodies of RA patients were not different between various genotypes of PADI4 SNPs. Conclusions: These findings were similar for haplotypes and diplotypes of rs11203367 and rs874881


We have often heard of cases of loss of animals in the world, the owners of these animals are very troubled in looking for lost animals, so often when the pet is lost, the owner leaves it or makes the news of the competition for who can find it. We strive to help these pet owners easily detect the presence of pets they have through a mobile application that we make, namely Detepet that can track all the pets you have, so you are not afraid of losing your pet. In this case, the user should register their pet and the tool GPS necklace will be attached to the pet and the pet will be under monitoring of the systems.


Excerpt David, Phatak, and Zener,1in 1943, published studies made on the toxicity and absorption of Iodochlorhydroxyquinoline (Vioform) and Diiodohydroxyquinoline (Diodoquin) in man. Their studies ...


Acoustical instrumentation for imaging the water column has traditionally been ship mounted and configured to work in a downward looking orientation. Until recently, data acquisition for these acoustic instruments has used an analog strip chart recorder tended by an operator on board a surface vessel. With the advent of digital electronics, digital echo sounders have begun to appear. However, these instruments have followed the traditional configuration and, for the most part, have remained shipboard mounted. The past five years has seen unprecedented growth in the development of low power digital microprocessor, storage and data acquisition technologies. An acoustical 200 kHz high resolution, digital, programmable Water Column Profiler (WCP) has been developed incorporating these new technologies. The WCP offers unprecedented flexibility for the user and, except for the analog front end, is completely digital, fully programmable and is housed in a pressure case capable of bottom (upward looking), mooring or shipboard (downward looking) mounting configurations. The aluminum pressure case is capable of deployments to 200 m with connectors for telemetry and power if real time data are required. The WCP can ping at up to 2 Hz with an acoustic range resolution of 3 cm and is capable of digitizing four samples per acoustic range bin. The maximum probing depth, depending on the water column properties, is 200 m and the WCP is capable of storing data internally for up to 3 weeks at maximum ping and sampling rates. Data can be transferred realtime via a 10 Mbit/s 10Base2 Ethernet link to a surface system or local area network for viewing and/or data storage. The system can also be controlled remotely over the local area network. For self-contained autonomous in situ deployments, internally recorded data can be recovered from the WCP at very high rates to a storage system over a high speed Ethernet connection.


IntroductIon: Improvement in survival and patient outcomes following regionalization of trauma care services has been demonstrated by strong evidence. The implementation of integrated regional trauma care systems has involved changes aimed at combining all services within a region in a coordinated network assuring that patients are treated at appropriate facilities by experienced personnel. This has led to the development of specialized trauma centres within regional trauma systems. The purpose of the study was to measure: 1) short-term survival, 2) post-operative complications, and 3) immediate re-intervention rates of digital replantation surgeries following the implementation of a regionalized program aimed at covering the Quebec population.


With regard to the desertification in the Black River basin owing to the sharp decrease of the incident water in its upper reaches,the rapid increase of water consumption in its middle reaches and the frequently dry situation in its lower reaches,the following suggestions were put forward based on the analysis of causes for its ecological deterioration:to strengthen the treatment of the source,to control the population growth and to implement the strategy of "uninhabited area",to forbid the pastoral nomadism and deforestation,to close the hills for reforestation,and to protect the water conservation forest,etc.


•  In the primary taste cortex, two populations of neurons have been identified whose activity either correlates or anticorrelates with tastant concentration. •  The relative contribution of each population to signalling the perceived intensity of taste is unknown. •  To resolve this issue, we recorded activity from neurons in primary taste cortex while rats made choices that depended on NaCl concentration cues to obtain water reward. •  Two neural ensemble's neural activity anticorrelated with NaCl concentration, but differed according to their response to water as one ensemble tracked the solution's osmotic pressure. •  A third neural ensemble's activity was correlated with NaCl concentration and had the strongest relationship to the rat's choices, suggesting a central role in signalling the perceived intensity of NaCl solutions. •  A fourth neural ensemble responded only to water, but some of these neurons were influenced by behavioural context because they responded differently to water presented as a cue versus reward.


Outpatient treatment sees modest growth, outcome expectancy varies with treatment type and time, "next steps" proposed for depression remission—here's a brief look at some of the latest findings.


The in situ complex formation between two novel long-chain Schiff bases with Ag(I) ion at the air/water interface and their transferred Langmuir−Blodgett films were investigated. The long-chain Schiff bases containing heteroaromatic benzimidazole (BSC18) and benzthiazole (TSC18) rings form stable monolayers at the air/water interface. Addition of AgNO3 in the subphase caused the complex formation of the Schiff base with Ag(I). The Schiff base containing benzthiazole group formed a 1:1 complex with Ag(I). Regular layer structures are formed in the LB films of the Schiff base ligand and Ag(I) complex. The TSC18−Ag(I) complex showed orange color, which was specific only for the combination of TSC18 and Ag(I). X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) of the transferred LB film revealed that a 1 (BSC18):2 (Ag(I)) complex was formed in the case of BSC18, which was explained by the coordination of Ag(I) ion with imine and OH and with benzimidazole. While the LB film of BSC18 showed a well-defined layer structure, that...


This article describes different filtering methods of navigation data that accessing optimization of navigation data. The adaptive algorithm, based on diagnostic filtration, of dropout redundant and erroneous data in real time mode is worked out. This algorithm can reduce the workload of transmission path significantly and increase usability of navigation system. An example of practical use in existing active system of monitoring city passenger transport is described.


This thesis is based on the demise of industry that has led to a search for new solutions for the survival of smaller communities traditionally dependent on industrial production. In two local indu ...


Through literature analysis, expert consultation and argumentation and other methods, strictly according to defined public health services in Chinese rural areas, which were characteristic of public health goods and quasi-public goods, and on the basis of functions of public health service institutions, the paper makes a clear definitions of the functions, categories and items of public health services in rural areas following the principles of admission with recognitions of more than half experts. The results show that public health in Chinese rural areas can consist of 8 functions including monitoring and reporting of disease, prevention and control of disease, maternal and child health, public health emergencies, health supervision, basic health care, the patriotic health as well as newly-type cooperative medical management, 23 categories and 59 items. After 117 person times of consultation and argumentation of experts in 11 rounds, the overall recognition of the functions, categories and items reached 95.8%, 96.1% and 97.1%, respectively with a certain acceptability, which laid the foundation for further measurement of financing of the projects.


Problem outline: It is common to classify empirical research designs as either qualitative or quantitative. Typically, particular research methods (e.g., case studies, action research, experiments and surveys) are associated with one or the other of these types of design. Studies in empirical software engineering (ESE) are often exploratory and often involve software developers and development organizations. As a consequence, it may be difficult to plan all aspects of the studies, and to be successful, ESE studies must often be designed to handle possible changes during the conduct of the study. A problem with the above classification is that it does not cater for flexibility in design.

Position: This paper suggests viewing research in ESE along the axis of flexible and fixed designs, which is both orthogonal to the axis of quantitative and qualitative designs, and independent of the particular research method. According to the traditional view of ESE, changes to the research design in the course of a study are typically regarded as threats to the validity of the results. However, viewing the study designs as flexible, practical challenges can provide useful information. The validity of the results of studies with flexible research designs can be established by applying techniques that are traditionally used for qualitative designs. This paper urges an increased recognition of flexible designs in ESE and discusses techniques for establishing the trustworthiness in flexible designs.


Abstract We have searched for a sign of the past dynamical disturbance events on NGC 1068, an archetypical Type-2 Seyfert galaxy, using deep and wide optical imaging data by the Subaru telescope. The data taken by Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) as well as the archived data by Suprime-Cam reveal several faint outer structures of the galaxy, most of which were never reported before. We discover three large (re = 3 -5.5 kpc), extremely diffuse objects (UDOs) within 45 kpc from the center of NGC 1068. We suggest that two of these UDOs are actually a part of a large loop-like structure surrounding NGC 1068. Such an extremely faint loop or stream is the direct evidence for a past minor merger event. The third UDO has a distorted morphology, suggesting that it is under the influence of strong tidal field. Furthermore, we have identified another ultra-diffuse but compact (μ0,r > 25 mag arcsec-2, re ~ 0.8kpc) dwarf galaxy within ~140 kpc from NGC 1068. We speculate that this ultra-diffuse dwarf could be the object related to the ancient tidal disruption event (tidal dwarf) during the early mass assembly period of NGC 1068. We also detect an asymmetric outer one-arm structure emanated from the western edge of the outermost disk of NGC 1068 together with a ripple-like structure at the opposite side. These structures are also expected to arise in a late phase (up to several billion years ago) of a minor merger, according to numerical simulations. Our findings are consistent with the idea that the AGN activity in NGC 1068 is caused by a past minor merger.


The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among of family life cycle, leisure needs, leisure participation and leisure satisfaction in teachers from a senior high school. The population was 728 senior high school teachers from the Nantou County, and using the cluster random sampling to select 348 teachers for the study. After providing informed consent, participants were asked to respond to background questionnaire, family life cycle questionnaire, leisure needs scale, leisure participation scale, and leisure satisfaction scale. All of collection data has been analyzed by using one-way multivariate analysis of variance, product-moment correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis. The results as follows: (1) The leisure needs was significant differences among the different family life cycle teachers. Post-hoc test revealed that the "marriage stage" and "above adolescent stage" had higher need of community learning and self-satisfied than "family with youth children stage" and "family with adolescent stage". (2) The leisure participation was significant differences among the different family life cycle teachers. Post-hoc test revealed that the "marriage stage" had higher participation frequency of self- entertainment and popular ordinary activity than other family life cycle stage. The "above adolescent stage" had higher participation frequency of social involvement activity than "children couple stage". The "family with adolescent stage" had higher participa- tion frequency of outdoor fitness activity than "children couple stage" and "family with youth children stage". (3) The leisure satisfaction was significant differences among the different family life cycle teachers. Post-hoc test revealed that the "marriage stage" had higher satisfied with relaxation and peace of mind than "children couple stage" and "family with youth children stage". (4) The significant correlation among leisure needs, leisure participa- tion and leisure satisfaction in different family life cycle teachers. The relationships among leisure needs, leisure participation and leisure satisfaction was positively in "pre-marriage stage", "marriage stage", "family with youth children stage", "family with adolescent stage", and "above adolescent stage". But the relation- ships among leisure needs, leisure participation and leisure satisfaction was negatively in "children couple stage". (5) The leisure needs and leisure participation could significantly predict leisure satisfaction for the senior high school teachers. Furthermore, the leisure needs predicted of leisure satisfaction was positive; the leisure participation predicted of leisure satisfaction was also positive. Based on the conclusions, possible suggestions for teachers develop leisure behaviors and future research.


The differences between ground soil and air temperature(T_s-T_a)are analyzed and studied by using the data of ground and air temperature of 55 stations in the arid region of Northwest China from 1961 to 2000, with EOF and REOF analyses and wavelet analysis methods. The results show that (T_s-T_a) in the arid region of Northwest China have the biggest values in June and the smallest values in January; the values of (T_s-T_a)is positive in spring, summer and autumn, but opposite in winter; the first three loading eigenvector reflect the main spatially-anomalous structure of (T_s-T_a) in the arid region of Northwest China that contain the consistent positive or opposite pattern in all of their sub-regions, and the two spatially-opposite patterns in the North and the South and in the East and the West. (T_s-T_a) in the arid region of Northwest China show in the past 40 years there were the four patterns of time evolution including the parabola patterns with the maximum or minimum values, the patterns increasing or decreasing trends in monotonously; (T_s-T_a) have periodic variation about 3~6 years and 20 years.


The fourth annual conference of the ARVO/Pfizer Ophthalmics Research Institute was held on Friday and Saturday, April 25 and 26, 2008, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. This conference series, funded by the ARVO Foundation for Eye Research through a grant from Pfizer Ophthalmics, provides an opportunity to gather experts from within and outside ophthalmology to develop strategies to improve research into the causes and new treatments of blinding eye diseases. This year's conference focused on glaucoma research. As originally put forward by Robert Ritch, a major goal was to define strategies essential for the improvement of the current understanding of the role of glia, mitochondria, and the immune system in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The scientific discussion of different opinions was also intended to illuminate promising treatment strategies for neuroprotection. A working group of 39 scientists from the fields of glaucoma and ocular immunology and working outside the traditional bounds of vision research, discussed the involvement of glia, mitochondria, and the immune system in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Many observers from ARVO, Pfizer Ophthalmics, and ophthalmic research also attended the conference. The conference was divided into sessions formatted to evoke discussions focused on four areas of research:


ABSTRACT Increasing numbers of CPAs in the marketplace, relaxed advertising and marketing restrictions, and the emergence of non-CPA businesses providing accounting services have created a competitive landscape unknown to previous generations of accountants. In this competitive environment the accounting firm has found it must actively seek new clients to maintain or expand revenues. Many accounting firms have turned to marketing to cope with this situation. However, there appears to be a misconception in the accounting profession that marketing is simply promotion. This article addresses that misconception and presents a framework for developing a strategic marketing plan for the accounting practice.


Purpose
This study aims to explore how people bodily narrate and use collective memory to clarify their embodied experiences regarding a city which they memorise.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on 1,359 short stories collected by the online travel portal Visit Turku about 'How the city feels', the fine-grained embodied experiences of people are represented through descriptions of their feelings towards the city of Turku.

Findings
Based on the analysis, two aspects through which the respondents narrated their embodied experiences of cities have been identified: (1) the sociomaterial entanglements with the city and (2) the humane relationship with the city.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to short stories acquired online, raising questions of anonymity and representativeness. Thus, these narrations are constructions which have to be interpreted as told by specific people in a certain time and place.

Practical implications
Tourist agencies should pay attention to the value of looking at written stories as bodily materialisations of people's experiences of city destinations. Understanding this would strengthen the cities' competitiveness.

Originality/value
By empirically highlighting how people memorise a city through narrations, the study offers novel viewpoints on the embodied experiences in cities as well as the cultural constructs these narrations are based on, thus broadening our understanding of how cities become bodily entangled with us.


Acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) are members of the voltage-insensitive, amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+ channel/degenerin family of cation channels. Recently four genes coding for ASICs in the human and mouse genome (asic1-asic4) have been identified. ASICs showed a broad expression pattern in the central and peripheral nervous system and were mainly localized in sensory neurons of the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. Recent data from ASICs knock-out mice suggested a key role of these proteins in the visceral mechanotrasduction, although the real role of ASIC2 in the gastrointestinal tract remains still unclear. Therefore, this study was undertaken to analyze the expression and the localization of ASIC2 in the zebrafish intestinal tract .The results demonstrated the expression of mRNA for ASIC2 and the occurrence of a specific protein band of 65kDA corresponding to the mammalian ASIC2 in the intestinal tract of zebrafish. A positive immunoreaction for ASIC2 was found in the neuronal somata of the submucous and myenteric plexuses along the enteric nervous system. The ASIC2 protein was also observed in different cellular types localized in the entire intestine. These cells, for their morphology and topographical localization, could be identified as neuroendocrine cells. Our results, taken together, demonstrated the presence of ASIC2 in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract supporting the hypothesis that this protein could be deeply involved in the visceral mechanosensation, faecal output and endocrine regulation.


OBJECTIVE To analyze the role and economic benefit of the rapid microbiological test report in the control of nosocomial infections so as to provide guidance for application of the rapid microbiological test report in the control of nosocomial infections.METHODS The patients who were enrolled in the hospitals before and after the reform of sample turn-around time(TAT)were divided into the control group(from Jan 1,2012 to Dec 30,2012)and the intervention group(from Jan 1,2013 to Dec 30,2013),the multiple measures were taken to shorten the TAT during the intervention period,the samples of the patients were identified by using VITEK-2Compact automatic microorganism analysis system,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS A total of 629 samples were included in the study,consisting of 320 samples before the intervention and 309 samples after the intervention,and the TAT was decreased by 13.1hours after the intervention(P0.001).The length of hospital stay was shortened by 3.2d(P=0.023).The average total cost and the cost of antibiotics were significantly reduced(P0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups.The DDDs of the carbapenems,enzyme inhibitors,and quinolones antibiotics were significantly reduced after the intervention,while the DDDs of other antibiotics did not change significantly.CONCLUSION The rapid microbiological test report can significantly decrease the TAT,facilitate the reduction of DDDs of the antibiotics such as carbapenems,shorten the length of hospital stay,and cut the hospitalization cost.


In 2010, then-Mayor Marcelo Ebrard of Mexico's Distrito Federal (DF) signed the Mexico City Charter for the Right to the City. Echoing a global movement by activists, academics, citizens, and government officials, a consortium of municipal activist organizations had written the charter over a three-year participatory process. However, like many Right to the City movements and charters globally, Mexico City has struggled to ground the principles of the Charter through policy, financial resources, and programs at the citywide level. This thesis will suggest an alternative framework for grounding the Right to the City: through local collective action that is connected by transnational networks of civil society actors. Drawing on the experiences of Frente de Renovacion Fase 2, a self-built community in the eastern delegation of Izatapalapa, this thesis illustrates how local action is effective in achieving the Right to the City in the shortterm, but that long-term gains must be maintained through city-, national-, and global-level networks. Thesis Advisor: Balakrishnan Rajagopal Title: Associate Professor of Law and Development


stenosis in the follow-up, as these data may suggest an advantage in a wider early use of the metal biliary stent. The median duration of patency was based on


In this article, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for boundary value problem (BVP) of fractional order difference equations (FODE) of the form Δυw(s)=−f(s+υ−1,w(s+υ−1)) , w(υ−2)=ψ(w),w(υ+k)=ϕ(w) , where s ∈ [0, k]N0, f : [υ − 2, υ − 1, …, υ + k]Nυ−2 × R [0, + ∞] is a continuous function ψ, φ : C ([υ − 2, υ + k]Nυ−2) → R are given functions and 1<υ⩽2 . Existence and uniqueness of solutions are established by the Brouwer fixed point theorem and contraction mapping principle.


From the private practices of Lansing community pediatricians two groups of 33 pediatric ambulatory patients with Group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis matched with respect to age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, duration of symptoms prior to treatment, and WBC at onset of treatment were randomized into 10 B.I.D. or Q.I.D. Cephalexin treatment regimens (B.I.D. = 10-15 mg/kg/dose, Q.I.D. = 5-8 mg/kg/dose). Compliance was assured by followup phone calls and inspection of medication containers at followup visits. Excellent clinical responses and bacteriologic cure (negative culture at day 14 and 28) occurred in 31/33 B.I.D. patients and 33/33 Q.I.D. patients. One clinical and bacteriologic failure, and one bacteriologic "relapse" (positive culture on day 28) occurred in the B.I.D. treatment group. No significant toxicity occurred in any of the study patients. These findings suggest that (1) a B.I.D. Cephalexin regimen is comparable to a Q.I.D. regimen in the treatment of Group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis, (2) further evaluations of B.I.D. Cefalexin regimens in ambulatory patients are warranted, and (3) controlled clinical trials can be practical, productive and cost-effective utilizing the private physicians' practices as a source of patient populations.


A large number of intangible cultural heritages (ICH), In the development process of the evolution of world history, have been born. In addition, these heritages preserve the most precious part of historical civilization and have high research value. However, in social modernization, these ICHs are gradually being destroyed, and their preservation is becoming increasingly difficult. The protection of ICH cannot be relaxed at any moment. With the progress of science and technology, digital technology has become one of the means to protect ICH, and also explored new ways for the inheritance of ICH. Therefore, it is necessary to use modern information technology to store and preserve ICH. With the rapid development of the information age, digital implantation technology has gradually entered all aspects of life. This technology was effectively applied to preserve animation in the early days effectively, later researchers found that this technology has an excellent effect on the preservation of ICH, so it has been widely used. This paper firstly summarizes the current domestic ICH protection situation and the corresponding foreign policies. On this basis, digital implantation is applied to the relevant core technologies of ICH protection. The Digital implantation technology model of ICH is analyzed to protect the current ICH effectively and will promote the sustainable development of ICH.


In the cognitive sciences, there is a theory concerning the computational architecture of the mind known as massive modularity. This theory holds that the mind is constituted mostly by cognitive modules. Some of the defenders of this theory have put forward an argument whose conclusion is that it is very likely that those mechanisms that are cognitively very modular are more evolvable than mechanisms that are not cognitively modular (or that are modular to a lesser degree). Here I show that a plausible defense of this conclusion requires us to add to the usual notion of cognitive modularity


A nanosized formulation is a promising candidate in novel drug delivery by encapsulating, entrapping or solubilizing the drug substance which is then readily able to penetrate physiological barriers until reaching the target site(s), such as deep as the nucleus [1-4]. Thus novel developments in drug encapsulation wan overcome barriers to existing treatments [5]. Niosomes, as potential nanosized vesicles [68], can encapsulate various active compounds and promote cellular uptake [8-11], improve chemical stability [9-11] and reduce side effects [12]. Utilizing synthetic surfactants as bilayer components improves the chemical stability of niosomes compared to lipsomes, that are composed of natural lipids [10].


Cryopreservation of sporothalli of the red alga Porphyra (P. seriata, P. yezoensis, P. tenera, P. pseudolinearis and P. dentata) was performed by the two-step cooling method in liquid nitrogen. The algal samples were suspended in various cryoprotective solutions, and slowly cooled to -40 in 4 hours using a programmed freezer. After the first slow cooling the suspensions with cryoprotectants were immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen. The suspension from the programmed freezer was thawed quickly by agitation of the vial in a water bath at 40°C. When ice in the suspension of cryogenic vial was mostly melted, the vial was transferred to an ice bath for complete melting of the residual ice. The cryoprotectants in the vial were washed off by gradual dilution with seawater. The viability of the cell was assessed with neutral red staining. The viability of Porphyra samples ranged 54.6-70.9% when the mixed suspension of 10% dimethylsulfoxide and 0.5 M sorbitol in 50% seawater used as a cryoprotectant.


The Covid-19 pandemic has made one of the tourists in the East Lampung regency inactive, namely "Gua Pandan." Due to its unique location geologically, efforts must be made to revive the area. One of the approaches is applying an indirect method, namely the geophysical method. One of them is the geoelectrical profiling method. Six lines are spread in the study area with a length of 70-105 m. The target is a cave filled with air because it is suitable as a tourist spot. Based on the measurement results, a very high resistivity value of more than 5,000 Ωm is suspected to be an air-filled cave. The cave area that is probably safe is about 120 m long with 1-3 m depth below the ground surface, 2-8 m width, and 2-6 m height. However, a safety assessment is necessary for feasibility so that the cave is worthy of being re-activated as a tourist spot.


The utility model discloses an efficient air supply outlet which comprises an electrostatic box, an efficient filter and a flowing plate, wherein the top surface of the electrostatic box is provided with an air inlet, and the bottom of the electrostatic box is fixedly connected with the flowing plate; the inner side of the electrostatic box is provided with a projecting step; the efficient filter is arranged at the inner bottom of the electrostatic box; one lateral side of the electrostatic box is provided with a opening capable of removing the efficient filter; a seal plate matched with the opening is arranged at the opening; the seal plate is hermetically and fixedly connected with the electrostatic box; the step is arranged at the bottom of the electrostatic box; and the bottom of the efficient filter is hermetically and fixedly connected with the step. The efficient filter can be removed on the frame of the top of a clean room and the work mode is in a side installation; thereby, the difficulties and the dangers caused by directly operating in the clean room are avoided, and the efficient filter can be conveniently removed or installed.


A novel dead reckoning method based on the behavior model SCP is presented. The main feature of this method is to dead reckon using artifacts' behavior status, which characterizes the artifacts' behaviors during a certain time interval. Thanks to the use of a gradual approximation algorithm, this method also offers smooth motion. It effectively alleviates some shortcomings of previous methods, such as large behavior distortion and heavy network transmission when artifacts move fast. Experiments show that this method has the advantage of little behavior distortion and less network transmission.


Abstract We prove that the moduli space ℳ g,n of smooth curves of genus g with n marked points is rational for g = 6 and 1 ≤ n ≤ 8, and it is unirational for g = 8 and 1 ≤ n ≤ 11, g = 10 and 1 ≤ n ≤ 3, g = 12 and n = 1.


1. Fantasia epistemologico-theologica Once before a time there was a god, who liked to be worshipped. So he liked his creatures to have enough intellectual extravagance to conjecture his existence. In fact, he liked his creatures to have intellectual extravagance. Such creatures reminded him of himself and relieved his loneliness. So he was willing to reward intellectually adventurous animals, whose tiny animae dared to conjecture about things they had no intrinsic hope of understanding. He was happy to reward such creatures by giving them a small but not quite miniscule chance of true belief. So created he animals, of a first and a second kind, and he created a universe for them to puzzle over. Animals of the first kind had intellectual extravagance, and he contrived the universe so that it bore a remote resemblance in some respects to the conjectures that the more daring of the animals would make, given the evidence they were capable of collecting. And to express his contempt for lowly life forms that stick to the bare facts he equipped animals of the second kind not only with an aversion to conjecture but also with patternrecognition capacities that were likely to miss many subtle twists of the evidence. Their predictions were likely to be wrong. You are one of these animals, though you don't know which kind. You have foraged some evidence. A daring explanation of it zips vaguely through your mind; you think thoughts about curled up multidimensional spaces and particles moving backwards in time. The explanation sums up patterns in the evidence that you can think of no other way to summarize. You are poised between the extravagant conclusion that the universe is in fact as conjectured, and the timid conclusion that future evidence is likely to conform to the pattern on which the conjecture gives a handy if dubious hold. You realize that this is just the sort of situation that the god was anticipating. (That there is such a god with such preferences is of course another daring conjecture, but you leave that out of the calculation.) So if you accept the extravagant conclusion you are most likely an animal of the first kind. Your explanation has a small chance of being true and a slightly larger chance of delivering true predictions. And if you accept the timid conclusion you are most likely an animal of the second kind. There are


"We have five senses in which we glory and which we recognise and celebrate, senses that constitute the sensible world for us. But there are other senses -- secret senses, sixth senses, if you will -- equally vital, but unrecognised, and unlauded. These senses, unconscious, automatic, had to be discovered." ― Oliver Sacks. This paper discusses a technology which is amazing everyone worldwide in today"s time, which is "Sixth Sense Technology". All human beings are aware of the five basic senses i.e. Sight, Hearing, Taste, Touch, Smell. Sixth Sense technology was developed by a man named Pranav Mistry, a Ph D student. "Sixth Sense Technology" is used to build bridge between the digital world and the physical world, bringing impalpable, digital information out into the palpable world, and allows us to interact with this information using natural hand gestures. The paper showcases the possible applications and opportunities of Sixth Sense. Furthermore, the implementation approaches are compared and the pros and cons of each approach are explored. Most importantly, technical challenges and open issues regarding each implementation approach are brought out. Furthermore, predictions are made on which approach is expected to succeed in the coming years. Finally, solutions are discussed to improve the Sixth Sense Technology with regards to its implementation approaches to insure new and better ways of human-computer interaction.


The accepted wisdom, based on the classic study by Robin Winks of relations between Canada and the United States during the Civil War, is that nearly all British North American newspapers were hostile to the Northern cause, even while being strongly opposed to slavery. But Winks ignored the Eastern Townships press, which was unequivocally pro-Northern in sympathy. The Stanstead Journal took a particularly hard line against the South, with the result that its Vermont-born owner and editor, L. R. Robinson, felt betrayed when neighbouring New England newspapers opposed renewal of the reciprocity treaty and supported the Fenian invaders. Robinson's response suggests that the forces unleashed by the Civil War were making the "imaginary line" between New England and the Eastern Townships more tangible, even before Confederation fostered a new sense of nationalism north of the 45th parallel.


Purpose: This publication presents the most important natural resources in the Lubuskie Voivodeship, which have very large importance for regional development in terms of tourism, supra-regional but also domestic. Design/methodology/approach: The method of statistical data analysis and source materials was used in the work. Findings: The richness of the voivodeship are forests and wilderness, with numerous landscape parks, reserves and monuments of nature as well as with animals living in the wild. An important aspect in the tourist landscape of the Lubuskie Voivodeship are castles, churches and manor houses and palaces related to the history of the region. Today, a large proportion of tourists seek to learn about folklore, tradition, folk creativity, as well as regional cuisine. The voivodeship offers a wide range of cultural, sporting, entertainment and artistic events. It should be added that as one of the few regions in Poland, the Lubuskie Voivodeship may offer enotourism as an attraction. Originality/value: The analysis carried out in the article is addressed to people interested in regional policy in the aspect of the impact of natural conditions on the development and competitiveness of Polish regions.