The MAINTRAC technique as introduced by our coworkers from Jena (RBC lysis, fluorometric detection and analysis on Olympius ScanR) detects more circulating epithelial cells than techniques using enrichment. Also cells with a low EPCAM expression are detected and not only the typical cells with bright expression found after immunomagnetic enrichment. The relative cheapness and reproducibility allows frequent monitoring during and after therapy Using 3 colour detection (EPCAMfitc, DAPI, Vimentin PE) living and dead circulating epithelial cells in EMT, or cells in EMT with stemcell markers (EPCAMfitc, Vimentin-PE, CD44PacBlue) can be detected. In early breast cancer (n = 135) cells can be found in 60% of patients and in 40% higher cell counts (>100 ml are detectable. A control population(n = 100) showed low numbers in 98% (e.g ( Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-16.


The present research has as one of the objectives to analyze the teaching perspective regarding the conciliation of school routine and the continued formation of the National Pact for Literacy in the Right Age (PNAIC), and if the program changed the educational data of the school (locus) of the research. The sources are the results of questionnaires and interviews with the teachers participating in the training, who also work in the school (locus) of the research. Also included in the repertoire of sources are legislation, statistical and school data that were collected through searches on sites of the Ministry of Education (MEC), the National Institute of Research and Education (INEP) and the Rondonia Secretariat of Education (SEDUC / RO). The teaching perspectives found in the analysis processes demonstrate divergent points, but reaffirm the continuity of the theoretical references already known in previous educational formations and fomented by the federal government. They demonstrate the need and satisfaction of literacy teachers to be together at the time of training in the midst of the constant adaptation of the school routine to enable meetings at opposite working hours and that, in some cases, as teachers of 25 hours, exceed their contractual hours . The results of the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) of the school (locus) were confronted with other sources such as the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and educational policies that show a contradiction in the calculation for the achievement of results. All this may contribute to the fact that the indexes do not fully reveal the educational reality of the researched school.


Information about events happening in the real world are generated online on social media in real-time. There is substantial research done to detect these events using information posted on websites like Twitter, Tumblr, and Instagram. The information posted depends on the type of platform the website relies upon, such as short messages, pictures, and long form articles. In this paper, we extend an existing real-time event detection at onset approach to include multiple websites. We present three different approaches to merging information from two different social media sources. We also analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. We validate the detected events using newswire data that is collected during the same time period. Our results show that including multiple sources increases the number of detected events and also increase the quality of detected


The behavioral response of black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), larvae to several light intensities was measured. The influence of food on the response was noted.

The 1st 2 instars tended to be slightly photopositive. The 3rd instar demonstrated the 1st negative trend. The 4th to 6th-stage larvae were photonegative. Larvae that were starved for 15 h prior to exposure in the light chamber were less photonegative than larvae that were not starved. The presence of food on the light side of the choice chamber influenced the response of starved larvae.


Li Hongzhang is the high ranking official of the late Qing dynasty and his status in Sino-Korean diplomatic relations of the late Qing also holds the balance.It can be said he played the promotion effect for Korea-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce that was the first treaty Korea had sighed with the West.


The function and basic process flow of data acquisition system are described.The general data acquisition platform is designed based on the framework that includes hardware management layer,data acquisition layer,application layer and user interface layer.The methods based on test signal can be used in management test task.The standard interface of layers is presented for most duplicate.


Anionic polymerization with unequal reactivity in batch reactors is a nonlinear problem, and in order to determine the rate constants using the experimental molecular weight distribution (MWD) and conversion vs. time of polymerization, the simulation equations need to be solved repeatedly. In this work, we evolved an efficient algorithm in which the experimental MWD yields the reactivity ratio directly while conversion data give the values of all rate constants. For doing this, we proposed a series solution for the reacting species in terms of monomer conversion. A technique similar to the finite element method for boundary problems is used to divide the conversion into subdomains. The size of these steps is decided by a convergence criterion and results were determined at the end of the conversion domain through sequential computation. The scheme can be implemented on a personal computer and is considerably faster and more efficient. We used experimental data from the literature and demonstrated our technique of evaluating the rate constants. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


At present, "Three Agricultural Problems" becomes the focus of the economic development of our country, and among them, the most important problem is the low income of the peasants. The government has adopted many measures to solve these problems, but the actual effects are not ideal. The basic way to improve the income of the peasants is to migrate a big number of peasants from the countryside. Only in this way can we ensure that the remaining peasants in the countryside can increase their income.


The project management in China,which is combined with industries and professional skills,has entered into the period of development at full speed.At present,however,most medium-sized and small enterprises in the management of construction project continues to use traditional and backward administration pattern,which leads to the following results such as cost overruns,grave waste of time and resource,bad influence on competition at market,and incompletion on time.In order to improve the project management standards and get profits for enterprises guided with the theory of progress control,the paper aims to talk about scientific schedule development and progress control.


In this letter, we report the fabrication and operation of narrow stripe, transverse injection, HgCdTe lasers. The double heterostructure of the laser was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (111) CdZnTe substrate. The n‐type base was extrinsically indium doped but the upper p‐type confining layer was only doped by deviation from stoichiometry. Laser emissions at 3.40 and 3.56 μm were obtained at 78 K under pulsed current conditions. Threshold current as low as 48 mA and differential quantum efficiency as high as 4.2% were achieved. Over 60 K threshold current has an exponential increase with temperature and a T0 parameter of 8 K.


OBJECTIVE To advocate the people-oriented concept and the concept of safety first,to establish a clean and safe concept of nosocomial infection control.METHODS In recent years,hospital infection prevention and control was performed to ensure one person one endoscopy,one person one drill four hands operation in oral treatment and special machine in special chamber for dialysis patients.The implementation of hospital infection control was promoted by combination of system approach and cultural ways.RESULTS Regardless of the cost and improved the execution of infection control won the trust and recognition of the patients.The safety of dialysis was ensured,green endoscopies was realized and green dental clinic was created.Meanwhile,the volume of patients visits and hospital economic effects were increased.CONCLUSION Patient care safety first and the clean and safe hospital infection control concepts are the driving force of the hospital development.


【This paper presents applicability of Fenton oxidation to perchloroethylene(PCE) contaminated soil. The initial concentration of PCE was 187mg/kg and Fenton oxidation conditions were 1.0M $H_2O_2$ and 0.5M $Fe^{2+}$ . More than 97% of PCE decomposition and 98% of dechlorination were obtained within 5 hrs. It was found that the decomposition of PCE by Fenton oxidation was followed pseudo first order and its reaction coefficient was 0.78 $hr^{-1}$ . GC-MS and GC-ECD analysis of reaction intermediates confirmed only the presence of trichloroacetic acid(i.e., 1.0% of initial PCE concentration). Under Fenton oxidation conditions, it was proposed that PCE was decomposed not simultaneously but one by one.】


Plasma-aided nanofabrication is a rapidly expanding area of research spanning disciplines ranging from physics and chemistry of plasmas and gas discharges to solid state physics, materials science, surface science, nanoscience and nanotechnology and related engineering subject. A low-temperature nonequilibrium plasma is a favorable environment for the formation of nanoscale objects and has recently demonstrated the outstanding capability of promoting self-organization. Self-organization, defined here as simultaneous assembly and functionalization of nanostructures, or directed self-organization (when external energy drivers are applied, e.g., electric fields) can provide a very effective bottom-up nanofabrication mechanism. In addition, in order to meet the nano-manufacturing requirements, plasma research is increasingly giving attention to atmospheric plasma processes, whereby the high density promotes fast reaction rates and, therefore, the increased throughput. The possibility of producing nanostructures at atmospheric pressure has also the advantage of reduced costs of investment and maintenance due to the possibility of working without expensive vacuum equipment and without the need of process confinement. However, the generation of plasmas at atmospheric pressure has challenges and limitations that often compromise part of the advantages of atmospheric-pressure operation for nanofabrication.


In various studies it has been shown that major part of effective factors in root canal therapy failure is error during treatment. for example, in washington study nearly 76% of treatment failure factors are related to error during treatment. Considering that most of the errors are preventable, this study took palce for evaluating the errors during root canal therapy by students of Isfahan dental school and presenting suitable preventive strategies in order to increase the treatment success.
In this study 1260 radiography of root canal treated teeth by students of semister 11 and 12 in years of 1999-7 were studied, and errors of each were diagnosed and registered in a checklist, at least with statistical analysis of collected informations, these results were obtained: In 1260 ispected cases,2752 errors were seen, that in average every tooth has 2.2 errors. Vertical gap with 430 cases was maximum and preparated but unfilled canal and middle root perforation with one case were seen rarely. Average error in each case in upper arch was 2.14 and in lower arch was 2.22 (P = 0.35).
Cosidering that incomplete obturation (include vertical gap and inadequate obturation) is the major treatment error in this study and taking in view that incomplete obturation in many studies such as Washington study is the major couse of treatment failure, so with regarding the correct treatment principle, should be prevented as far as possible.


Cross infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa between patients with CF has been reported. If this problem becomes widespread, there may be a case for genotyping all strains of P aeruginosa from CF clinics on a regular basis.

It was once stated that pseudomonads are probably the most abundant and widespread life form on the planet. While this may be debatable, there is no doubt that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most ubiquitous of bacterial species and comprises an almost limitless number of strain populations. Excluding patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), P aeruginosa infections—although associated with high mortality in immunocompromised individuals—are generally manageable. The choice of antimicrobial compounds has not been significantly diminished by resistance, and for most antibiotic groups about 90% of strains remain susceptible.1

It has long been accepted that the lungs of patients with CF become colonised with P aeruginosa from the natural environment and this is …


This paper present partial results of the doctoral research "The Training of Teachers who Teach Math using Ethnomathematics: Elements for Reflection", its general objective is to identify elements for the design of teacher training programs since ethnomathematics. Specifically, this exposes the study of the veracity of two conjectures: teachers do not recognize mathematical extracurricular activities as math, and 2, this position obstructs the use of this knowledge in the classroom. A qualitative methodology for case studies was used. The case is a training course for teachers from ethnomathematics made in Tumaco, Colombia between July and October 2012. The empirical material was a group interview recorded in audio and were transcribed and analyzed with the theoretical model "MEDIPSA" which in its epistemological component includes the Wittgenstein's philosophy of mathematics. The findings, according to our conjectures, indicate that there is an obstacle between extracurricular math and school math because teachers doubt the mathematical value of extracurricular math. This conclusion gives us lights to outline the first element to consider in teacher training, which has to do with the epistemic openness to what is mathematics.


Scholarly interest in the potential of personal style blogging to intervene in fashion media's gendered norms has focused on women and femininity. To assess the implications for men and masculinity, this article examines gay male bloggers' self-representational practices. Through interviews and textual analysis, we find their uses of different digital platforms reproduce and confront the heteronormativity of men's fashion media in ways that speak to their status as bloggers in the industry. Specifically, their desire to demonstrate recognizable forms of fashion expertise keeps their blogs disciplined by industry norms of masculinity even as the need to self-brand encourages queer self-expression across other social media. We thus argue the ways in which bloggers embrace platforms' technological affordances to engage multiple audiences are central to theorizing how their labor produces different discourses and depictions of masculinity. This builds on arguments made by gender and sexuality scholars to explain the significance of gay men's fashion.


The proposed invention relates to sprinklers in fire-extinguishing installations and is intended for feeding fire-extinguishing liquid into a source of fire in the case of combustion or burning. The essence of the proposed invention consists in a sprinkler containing a housing having an outlet aperture, which is covered by a shut-off valve, a heat-sensitive destructible element and an activation monitoring device; the activation monitoring device is in the form of a current-conducting coating which is applied to the surface of the heat-sensitive destructible element, the coating having outputs for connecting to a circuit of a sprinkler status monitoring unit. Preferable variants of the sprinkler involve the heat-sensitive destructible element taking the form of a hermetic glass bulb filled with a liquid which boils at a sprinkler activation temperature; outputs for connecting to a circuit of a sprinkler status monitoring and control unit are connected to the coating by means of clamps which encircle the surface of the element; the current-conducting coating is applied to the surface of the element by means of sputter deposition; the outputs are disposed on one end of the element; the applied coating is electrically conductive, allowing the bulb to be heated to the boiling temperature of the liquid with which the bulb is filled, while feeding voltage from the monitoring and control unit.


Neotyphodium / Epichlo觕 endophytes are widespread symbionts of grasses that asymptomatically inhabit aerial host tissues, and not only confer tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, but also affected different kinds of microbes. This paper mainly summarized the effects of grass endophytes to pathogenic fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF) and soil microbial community, and the related mechanisms. It was found that many species of pathogen fungi are inhibited by grass endophytes, although some studies demonstrated that grass endophytes had competitive and inhibited effects to AMF, the argument was still controversial. Especially, some researches in recent years demonstrated that the interaction between endophytes and AMF was changed based on different species of both fungi. Furthermore, the structure and function of soil microbial community were also affected by grass endophytes. The effects of endophyte infection on soil microbial community function and structure were relatively subtle and variable across time and soil type. The mechanisms of grass endophytes on pathogenic fungi mailly included: niche space competition, anti-fungal substances production and induced resistance etc.; on AMF maily included: root exudates inhibition, nutrient regulation and infection conditions etc.; on on soil microbial community mainly included: rhizodeposition and litter degradation etc. Alkaloids are important second metabolites by symbionts of endophyte and grass, they could deter herbivores, including insects, and reduce the invasion and colonization from pathogenic fungi; other secondary metabolites in root exudates from host plants can inhibit root colonization of AMF and affect the soil microbial community structure and function. Therfore, the role of grass endophytes in plant鄄microbe


This article reports on the CBRecSys 2015 workshop, the second edition of the workshop on new trends in content-based recommender systems, co-located with RecSys 2015 in Vienna, Austria. Content-based recommendation has been applied successfully in many different domains, but it has not seen the same level of attention as collaborative filtering techniques have. Nevertheless, there are many recommendation domains and applications where content and metadata play a key role, either in addition to or instead of ratings and implicit usage data. The CBRecSys workshop series provides a dedicated venue for work dedicated to all aspects of content-based recommender systems. 1 Motivation and Goals While content-based recommendation has been applied successfully in many different domains [10], it has not seen the same level of attention as collaborative filtering techniques have. In recent years, competitions like the Netflix Prize, CAMRA, and the Yahoo! Music KDD Cup 2011 [6] have spurred on advances in collaborative filtering and how to utilize ratings and usage data from a community of users. However, there are many recommendation domains and applications where item content and metadata play a key role, either in addition to or instead of ratings and implicit usage data. For some domains, such as movies, the relationship between content and usage data has seen thorough investigation already (e.g. [12]), but for many other domains, such as books, news, scientific articles, and Web pages we still do not know if and how these data sources should be combined to provide the best recommendation performance. On top of that, in certain contexts of search, content-based recommendation plays a role as well. Personalised IR is strongly related to recommendation, but recent research in book search also identified search scenarios that combine aspects of retrieval and recommendation [7]. http://www.netflixprize.com/ http://www.dai-labor.de/camra2010/ ACM SIGIR Forum 141 Vol. 49 No. 2 December 2015 The CBRecSys workshop series aims to address this by providing a venue for papers dedicated to all aspects of and new trends in content-based recommender systems. This includes both recommendation in domains where textual content is abundant (e.g., books, news, scientific articles, jobs, educational resources, and Web pages) as well as dedicated comparisons and combinations of content-based techniques with collaborative filtering approaches. After a successful first edition organized at RecSys 2014 in Silicon Valley [3, 4], the second edition of the workshop, CBRecSys 2015, was co-located with RecSys 2015 in Vienna, Austria. 2 Workshop Focus & Format Authors were encouraged to submit papers on a variety of topics related to content-based recommendation, including: • Developing novel recommendation approaches • Exploiting user-generated content for recommendation • Processing text reviews • Mining contextual data from content • Addressing limitations of recommender systems In particular, papers submitted to the the workshop focused on the following topics. Several papers looked at how semantic information in the form of Linked Open Data resources can be integrated in recommendation algorithms. Other papers investigated solutions to common problems for recommender systems, such as ensuring diverse recommendations and dealing with continuous cold-start scenarios. Finally, a handful of submissions proposed novel ways of incorporating metadata features into collaborative filtering algorithms for domains such as fashion and books. A total of 12 papers were submitted, of which 8 were accepted for an oral presentation (for an acceptance rate of 66%). All papers were reviewed by at least 3 reviewers. In terms of attendance, CBRecSys 2015 proved to be a popular workshop with around 40 attendees.


Cloud accounting provides an approach to the problems of medium-sized and small enterprises in handling accounting. But whether this could be carried out in a deep-going way still needs to be reviewed further. This text analyses ERP, accounting computerization and makes a contrast with them, and points out advantages of cloud accounting. Through deep analysis on data security and associated cost, strategies can be found to solve the built-in problems of cloud accounting.


Abstract The peculiarities of the reactions of 2-R-benzo[d]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin-4-ones, 2-R-naphtho[d]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin-4-ones, 2-R-8-azabenzo[e]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorin-4-ones, and 2-R-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan-4-ones with unsaturated compounds are summarized in the review. The reactions proceed in the mild conditions and lead to the formation of the seven- and six-membered heterocycles 1,3,2-dioxa-, 1,3,2-oxaza-, 1,4,2-dioxa-, and 1,4,2-oxazaphosphepines and 1,3,2- and 1,4,2-dioxaphosphorinanes with a high regio- and stereoselectivity. The hydrolysis and thermolysis of the some benzophosphepine derivatives leads to the substituted fluorinated ketones and various nonphosphorus heterocycles.


Background: Tei index obtained from tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE‐Tei index) has an inherent advantage of recording its systolic and diastolic components simultaneously on the same cardiac cycle. The aims of this study are to evaluate whether TDE‐Tei index also exerts a correlation with left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and filling pressure and to see whether it can effectively identify the pseudonormal/restrictive mitral filling pattern. Methods: Echocardiographic examination was performed in 243 consecutive patients. These patients were classified into three groups as normal, abnormal relaxation, and pseudonormal/restrictive groups according to the transmitral E/A‐wave velocity (E/A), early diastolic velocity of lateral mitral annulus (Ea) and E/Ea. Results: Standard Doppler indices of LV filling such as E, A, E/A, and E‐wave deceleration time had a bimodal distribution, but Ea decreased and E/Ea and TDE‐Tei index increased progressively with worsening of LV diastolic function. The sensitivity and specificity of TDE‐Tei index >0.51 in the discrimination of pseudonormal/restrictive filling pattern were 85% and 96%, respectively. After stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, TDE‐Tei index had a significant negative correlation with Ea (β=−0.296, P < 0.001) and ejection fraction (β=−0.293, P < 0.001) and positive correlation with E/Ea (β= 0.235, P = 0.001). Conclusions: TDE‐Tei index increased with worsening of LV diastolic function and can effectively identify the pseudonormal/restrictive mitral inflow pattern. It also correlated with the echocardiographic parameters of LV systolic and diastolic function and filling pressure. It suggests that TDE‐Tei index is a simple and feasible marker in assessing global LV function.


In order to make the Web services, web sites in Java more powerful and flexible, building unified web applications is vital important. By introducing a new style─Representational State Transfer (REST), this paper studied the Java RESTful frameworks and the ways to develop Restful Web Service in Java. The RESTful frameworks in Java can effectively simplify the web development in many ways.


Links between components of self-consciousness and belief in the paranormal were analyzed from questionnaire self-reports of 104 college students. High private self-consciousness and low social anxiety were associated with greater belief in paranormal phenomena, particularly psi, witchcraft, spiritualism, and precognition.


This paper explores the adaptation phenomenon at body contact interaction. Results of numerical simulation by finite element method confirming and clarifying conditions of full or partial dry friction contact shakedown of elastic bodies are considered. Generalization of adaptation criteria to the case of contact interaction of many bodies is presented. The application to the practical task of increasing the durability of roller bit is analysed.


Gas giants' early (less than or similar to 5 Myr) orbital evolution occurs in a disc losing mass in part to photoevaporation driven by high energy irradiance from the host star. This process may ultimately overcome viscous accretion to disperse the disc and halt migrating giants by starving their orbits of gas, imprinting on giant planet separations in evolved systems. Inversion of this distribution could then give insight into whether the stellar FUV, EUV or X-ray flux dominates photoevaporation, constraining planet formation and disc evolution models. We use a 1D hydrodynamic code in population syntheses for gas giants undergoing Type II migration in a viscously evolving disc subject to either a primarily FUV, EUV or X-ray flux from a pre-solar T Tauri star. The photoevaporative mass loss profile's unique peak location and width in each energetic regime produces characteristic features in the distribution of giant separations: a severe dearth of less than or similar to 2 M-J planets interior to 5 au in the FUV scenario, a sharp concentration of less than or similar to 3 M-J planets between approximate to 1.5-2 au in the EUV case and a relative abundance of approximate to 2-3.5 M-J giants interior to 0.5 au in the X-ray model. These features do not resemble the observational sample of gas giants with mass constraints, although our results do show some weaker qualitative similarities. We thus assess how the differing photoevaporative profiles interact with migrating giants and address the effects of large model uncertainties as a step to better connect disc models with trends in the exoplanet population.


It is well known that HLA typing of lymphocyte is extremely useful for personal identification and is often used for paternal testing in the field of legal medicine. Direct application of this method to personal identification of cadavers, however, is sometimes difficult because of relatively low viability of lymphocytes in a cadaver. Other method for HLA typing of a cadaver such as elution method reported by Kashiwade (1986) or absorption method (lymphocyte cytotoxicity inhibition test) reported by Yoshimura (1982) also have some difficulty that, in the case of a cadaver with completely unknown HLA type, these methods require a large amount of highly expensive HLA antibodies, consumes tremendous time and, thus, is not applicable for practical purposes. In an effort to find easy and general application of HLA typing of cadaver tissues, we investigated the possibility of carrying out the test by using conventional typing tray. In this report, we will show that HLA typing of a cadaver can be successfully made by using cultured fibroblast and slightly modifying the conventional NIH method for HLA typing of lymphocytes (Bodmer, 1978).


This study is a systematic review to examine homeless veterans identified to be most at risk of unsuccessfully completing the VA's housing program (HUD-VASH), which promotes the use of Housing First (HF) as it's model for treating homelessness. The literature review identified those who were rural and experiencing comorbid substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health issues to likely be those who were most at risk. There were multiple reasons why this subgroup was most vulnerable including limited access to resources, higher levels of substance use and more serious mental health diagnoses, and chronic health needs. Both the literature review and systematic review in this study indicate a lack of evidence supporting Housing First especially its long-term effectiveness in the HUD-VASH program. The lack of evidence is due in part to the question of whether or not the programs examined in the literature are true HF models, which utilize all the core principles of HF. Further, the literature regarding HF predominantly measures the length of time to acquire permanent housing with little to no regard to harm reduction or rehabilitation of SUD and mental health needs. Further research is also needed to examine HUD-VASH effectiveness in treating rural veterans with comorbid SUD and mental health illnesses. A Systematic Review of Rural Veteran Homelessness A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School Abilene Christian University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for Master of Science


Studies suggest that hospital water supplies may serve as a reservoir for fungi and play a role in their spread. The objective of this study was to provide data on the fungal contamination of water, surfaces, and air of areas of water usage in three hospital wards that admit immunocompromised patients at risk for invasive fungal infection. Air, surface, and water samples were collected in patients' rooms and water facilities of each ward. Analysis of 215 water samples show differences between wards in fungal recovery rates and isolated species, but Fusarium spp. were the predominant fungi. On the 838 surface samples, a similar fungal diversity was found and Fusarium spp. were the predominant fungi. Aspergillus spp. dominated among the moulds recovered from air. This study confirms that different moulds, mainly Fusarium spp., are present in water and surfaces and that prevention of the risk of nosocomial fungal infection should include a stringent maintenance and cleaning of water facilities.


A multi-waveform version of space-time adaptive processing, denoted as MuW-STAP (or W-STAP), was recently developed as a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) emission scheme that incorporates training data generated by multiple secondary filters into the estimation of the sample covariance matrix. This integration of additional training data was found to increase robustness to non-homogeneous clutter because the secondary filters serve to "homogenize" the interference in range. Here we incorporate μ-STAP into multi-window post-Doppler STAP (specifically PRI-Staggered and Adjacent-Bin implementations) to assess the impact when dimensionality reduction techniques are employed. SINR analysis was used to evaluate the performance of these reduced dimension μ-STAP formulations under various simulated clutter conditions.


Organotin compound [(o-ClC_6H_4CH_2)_3Sn]_2O has been synthesized and characterized by elementary analysis,IR and 1HNMR .The crystal and molecular structure has been determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction.A crystal of the compound is triclinic with space group Pī,a=10.319(3)?,b=11.073(4)?,c=11.110(4)?,α=118.278(4)°,β=104.898(4)°,γ=99.573(4)°,V=1 016.6(6)?3,Z=1,Dc=1.644 Mg/m3,μ=1.655 mm -1 ,F(000)=498,R=0.030 5,wR=0.073 4.In this compound,the tin atom has distorted tetrahedral configuration.


Two-dimensional data can be smoothed by minimizing a combination of the sum of weighted absolute deviations from initial estimates and the sums of absolute values of differences in the two directions. The techniques of parametric programming make it feasible to explore the different results obtained by varying the emphasis given to fit vs smoothness.


Abstract Hydrological landscapes played a significant role in the elaboration of Gaston Bachelard's and Martin Heidegger's historical epistemologies. More specifically, both philosophers relied on hydroelectric landscapes to explore nonlinear time and profound epistemological shifts in the history of knowledge. The landscapes they invoke are composed of hydroelectric dams, thunderstorms, and related landmarks like mountains, rivers, and lakes. Together, these varied yet connected elements offer rich environmental and conceptual terrains that I revisit to situate human knowledge formation within a much older natural history, and to lay the groundwork for a deep time theory of knowledge. Such theories promote timefulness and geological consciousness by establishing less anthropocentric historical narratives – or what Dipesh Chakrabarty calls "planetary history" – on more suitable epistemological grounds.


Model-based diagnostics deals with diagnosing systems, it means determining health of system components based on a system description and an observation of system variables. This paper focuses on systems that can be described in propositional logic, particularly on simplification of their diagnostic models for some given conditions of observation. It is known that performing diagnostics on the entire model of a system when only few variables are expected to be observed is not efficient. If we knew the limited set of variables which may appear in the observation then they would be used to simplify the diagnostic model before the diagnosis inference takes place. A pruning procedure which systematically removes segments of a model that do not contribute to the overall system diagnosis is proposed. The procedure employs an algorithm deciding component diagnosability which is based on directional resolution. Diagnoses retrieved using the simplified model are equivalent to those retrieved using the original model. Keywords— diagnosability, incomplete-observation, model-based diagnostics, propositional logic, pruning.


Kraft pulping, also known as sulphate pulping is a complex process where the wood components are liberated from each other facilitated by chemical reactions. During the pulping process some dissolv ...


Additive manufacturing has the potential to change medicine, but clinical applications are limited by a lack of resorbable, printable materials. Herein, we report the first synthesis of polylactone and poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) block copolymers with well-defined molecular masses and molecular mass distributions using sequential, ring-opening polymerization and ring-opening copolymerization methods. These new copolymers represent a diverse platform of resorbable printable materials. Furthermore, these polymers open a previously unexplored range of accessible properties among stereolithographically printable materials, which we demonstrate by printing a polymer with a molecular mass nearly 4 times that of the largest PPF homopolymer previously printed. To further demonstrate the potential of these materials in regenerative medicine, we report the postprinting "click" functionalization of the material using a copper-mediated azide–alkyne cycloaddition.


The ability of 120 strains of Enterococcus faecium to survive in the presence of bile salts was studied. 86 strains from the total tested showed good bile tolerance with growth delays (D) below 30 min. However,'among the cultures differences of the specific growth rate (μ) in broth with and without oxgall were observed. The duration of the lag phase was also measured for detecting differences in repair times in order to improve the selection of the most bile-resistant strains.


This paper examines the typical tasks undertaken in designing and deploying BI applications to improve quality of interaction between Organization & their customers. Organizations have a great deal of transaction data, from which hidden patterns can be drawn out for predicting product selection and customer behaviour. Intelligent Data Analytics provides powerful and effective tools for problem solving in a variety of Modelling Tasks. Classification & Prediction are crucial for Predictive Modelling and help organizations to proactively manage change. The aim of BI is to improve Business process efficiency by reducing costs without impacting production and also optimizing inventories. BI Deployment simply means getting the information, in a usable format; to the place where it is needed. Choosing an appropriate BI framework is essential for deriving optimal results from Data Mining and Knowledge discovery initiatives.


The forest resource base in the Southeast is rapidly changing. Dwindling reserves of high quality pine sawlogs will provide incentives to utilize low-density hardwoods such as yellow-poplar and sweetgum for structural lumber. Inventories of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) are currently high and growth is exceeding removals. The mechanical properties of dimension lumber produced from sweetgum are relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to establish strength and stiffness data on sweetgum dimension lumber in bending, tension, and compression modes. The relationship between these strength modes was also investigated. Results indicate that sweetgum equals or exceeds yellow-poplar in strength and stiffness overall, and on a grade-by-grade basis. Correlations between bending, tension, and compression strength and stiffness were lower than correlations established for pine. The forest resource base in the Southeast is rapidly changing. It has been projected that plantation-grown pine, which now provides about 20 percent of the softwood resource, will provide over 50 percent of the softwood by the year 2000 (15). Plantation-grown pine has a high percentage of juvenile wood, which lowers its utility for traditional uses such as structural lumber and plywood. Projections indicate that the demand for pine timber will exceed the available supply, resulting in rising prices for pine and increased incentives for using lowdensity hardwood species such as yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) (14). Yellow-poplar structural lumber has been accepted by the American Lumber Standards Committee and the design values are published by the National Forest Products Association (9). The growth of low-density hardwood species currently exceeds the volume cut. This availability, plus the generally lower stumpage prices for mixed hardwoods (oak, poplar, sweetgum, etc.) compared to pine, has created interest in the use of hardwoods for structural framing. Grading rules for hardwood structural lumber have been proposed for several species such as aspen, alder, cottonwood, and yellow-poplar (11,12). It seems likely that on a price basis alone, suitable hardwood species will be accepted for structural applications in the near future. Over the past several years, there has been an increase in the use of machine stress rated (MSR) lumber for critical structural applications such as laminating stock, scaffold planks, and light-frame wood trusses. It seems likely that the trend toward MSR grading of lumber will also apply to hardwood structural lumber. The basis for the use of MSR lumber is the relationship of the plank bending modulus of elasticity (MOE) to the bending, compression, and tensile strength of a given structural member (adjusted for visual defects). Although the relationships between stiffness, strength, and visual defects for softwood structural lumber have been developed over the past 20 years, there has been little comparable research on these relationships for hardwoods (5-8). Because the characteristics of growth for low-density hardwoods are so different from pine with regard to the persistence of branches, size of knots, interlocked and spiral grain, etc., it is unlikely that these relationships would be the same for hardwoods. The authors are, respectively, Assistant Professor, School of Forest Resources, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; Forest Products Technologist and Mathematical Statistician, Southeastern Forest Expt. Sta., USDA Forest Serv., Athens, GA 30602. Gratitude is expressed to the Georgia-Pacific Corp. for donation of the lumber used in this study. This study was funded through a cooperative agreement between the USDA Forest Serv. and the Agri. Expt. Sta. at the Univ. of Georgia. This paper was received for publication in November 1989. © Forest Products Research Society 1990. Forest Prod. J. 40(10):58-64.


Subject
 Russian attempts to influence European politics and elections.

 Significance
 Russia sees liberal democratic values as vulnerabilities that can be exploited to drive wedges into societies and undermine governability. A hybrid approach using both online and mainstream media is a minimum-cost, high-efficiency strategy that can in the long term amplify illiberal policies, and nationalist and far-right attitudes in Central-Eastern Europe (CEE).

 Impacts
 Russia's immediate goal of splitting the EU in order to lift sanctions while retaining Crimea is unlikely to succeed in the short run.
 There is a higher risk of interference in EU national elections than in the EP vote.
 Exploitation of platforms such as Facebook, Google and Amazon to curate fake news and accounts will become more important.


A b s t r a c t. The thermal properties of roselle seeds were determined as a function of moisture content. The initial moisture content of seeds was determined using the ASAE standard. Tests were carried out on the seeds at five moisture content from 8.8 to 19% (d.b.). The specific heat capacity was determined by the mixture method, thermal conductivity by steady state heat of vapourization method whereas the thermal diffusivity empirically. The thermal properties were: specific heat capacity – 4.04-5.63 kJ kg -1 K -1 , thermal conductivity – 1.22-1.56 W m -1 K -1 and thermal diffusivity – 4.274 to 4.877 10 -4 m 2 s -1 . These values indicated the ability of the material to retain heat which enhances oil recovery. K e y w o r d s: roselle seed, moisture content, thermal properties


The invention discloses a simulation cloud platform and an implementation method. The simulation cloud platform comprises a user data storage server, an analysis server and an HPC (High Performance Computing) workstation cluster, wherein the analysis server is used for receiving and checking work tasks submitted by simulation analysis personnel, storing the work tasks and analysis data of the work tasks in the user data storage server, calling a co-simulation module to perform modeling task decomposition, allocating subtasks after decomposition to relevant modeling personnel, performing model integration after modeling, submitting analysis tasks to the analysis server and submitting computation tasks to the HPC cluster through the analysis server to perform analysis computation. The simulation cloud platform and the implementation method allow simulation working personnel to communicate with design personnel, management personnel, special equipment using units or any other relevant personnel at any stage of simulation. Analysis personnel can perform special equipment collaborative joint simulation based on the cloud platform, the simulation efficiency is obviously improved and the security of user information is guaranteed.


Background: Bullying is defined as subjecting someone to undue mental torture by virtue of being at a superior position. Unfortunately, the prevalence of bullying in Pakistan is quite high and gastroenterology residents are not an exception. Objective: To identify bullying behaviors experienced by post graduate residents of gastroenterology in clinical environment and the strategies used for coping with them. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at Public and private tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. The study was completed in 6 months after the approval of research proposal. A total of 132 post graduate residents of gastroenterology were included in the study after proper scrutiny. The pros and corns of the study were explained to all the participants in detail and they were given a choice to voluntarily withdraw from the study if they wish to do so. Two validated questionnaires were used namely brief cope inventory and negative acts questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using SPSS latest version. Frequencies and percentages were used for categorical data and p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.


Traditional Chinese state sacrificial ritual represented a symbolic system of integrating religious belief, divine authority, and political legitimacy. The Northern Stronghold (Beizhen 北鎮, i.e., Mount Yiwulü 醫巫閭山) was equal in status to the other four strongholds, which, moreover, served as a strategic military fortress and represented the earth virtue in the early state sacrifice system. In the late imperial era of China, and during the Yuan (1279–1368) and Qing (1644–1911) dynasties in particular, the Northern Stronghold swiftly achieved prominence and eventually became an instrument used by minority ethnic groups, namely the Mongolians and Manchus, when elaborating upon the legitimacy of their political regimes. During the Yuan dynasty, the mountain spirits of the five strongholds (Wuzhen 五鎮) were formally invested as kings and, as a result, were accorded equivalent sacrifices in comparison to those given to the five sacred peaks (Wuyue 五嶽). Given that the Northern Stronghold was located near the northeast of Beijing, the Yuan government considered it the foundation of the state. Thereafter, the Northern Stronghold was regarded as the most important of the five stronghold mountains. In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), the Northern Stronghold Temple (Beizhenmiao 北鎮廟) was reconstructed as both a military fortress and religious site, while its representation as a significant site for a foreign conquest dynasty diminished and its significance as a bastion of anti-insurgent suppression emerged. By the Qing dynasty, the Northern Stronghold was regarded as an integral component of the geographic origin of the Manchu people and thereby assumed once again a position of substantial political significance. Several Qing emperors visited the Northern Stronghold and left poems and prose written in graceful Chinese to present their high respect and their mastery of Chinese culture. The history of the Northern Stronghold demonstrates how the ethnic minority regimes successfully utilized the traditional Chinese state sacrificial ritual to serve their political purpose.


Methyl jasmonate (MEJA), a well-known herbivore-induced plant volatile, promotes plant defences against various stress factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of exogenously applied MEJA on the population densities of wheat insect pests and their natural enemies by employing three sampling methods (direct visual sampling, sweep net, sticky traps) in 2012 and 2013 under semi-arid conditions. MEJA treatments had repellent effects on aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae), phytophagous thrips species (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae and Thripidae) and hoverfly species (Diptera: Syrphidae), whereas it was attractive to wheat stem sawflies (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), lady beetle species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Collyria coxator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). MEJA treatments had no effect on aphid parasitoids abundances (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The experimental outcomes varied, depending on plant phenology and sampling method. MEJA treatment also led to reductions in wheat yield and plant height. MEJA treatment could be beneficial as a natural pest control tool when certain species are targeted.


COVID-19 is a potentially fatal infectious disease that requires effective vaccines to keep the outbreak under control. Despite the ongoing efforts for an effective vaccine, public hesitancy towards vaccines is now one of the main concerns to the global health in containing this global pandemic. Thus, this preliminary study was carried out to assess the degree of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the general public in Malaysia and to identify the underlying reasons for their hesitancy by using 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. This study was conducted by carrying out a cross-sectional online survey for approximately two months between January to February 2021, involving 385 participants. The survey contained questions based on the 5C model proffered by WHO. The data from the survey were analyzed using Smart PLS 3 for statistical analysis, with the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). According to the findings, only 62.5 percent out of the 385 participants had planned to get the COVID-19 vaccine, while the remaining 37.5 percent did not. The results also showed that confidence, calculation, collective responsibility, and constraints had a significant influence on vaccine hesitancy but not complacency. There is a degree of vaccine hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccines among the Malaysian population, although the data that we have obtained cannot be used to generalize for the entire Malaysian population due to the small sample size. Thus, for the vaccination campaign to be more effective, it should focus more on addressing the issue relating to confidence, calculation, collective responsibility, and constraints and less on complacency.


ITP ; a disease that result from immune system function that destroy platelete because of multiple predisposing factors include common viral infections MMR vaccination and seldom idiopathic. in this report we present a 18 mo boy admitted in pediatric ward for thrombocytopenia with history MMR vaccinatin in 10days ago.


The vice president of the Court of Protection has issued new guidance on medical treatment for patients who cannot take treatment decisions for themselves, warning that delays in applying to the court can turn a treatable condition into a fatal one.1

Mr Justice Hayden attached the guidance to his judgment in the case of a woman with squamous cell carcinoma who was referred to Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust by her GP in October 2018. She was assessed as lacking capacity to decide on treatment in May 2019, but an application to the Court of Protection was not made until 20 December. That date was the end of the legal term, and the case could not be heard until the start of the new term, on 14 January this year.

The 71 year old patient, referred to as Mrs H, had bipolar disorder and a history of being sectioned under the Mental Health …


Candidates for office are modeled as promising services, such as support for legislation and intervention in the bureaucracy, to interest groups in exchange for campaign contributions. An electoral equilibrium is characterized in which candidates choose service-contribution offers and interest groups choose whether to contribute. The model provides several explanations of congressional incumbents' success in over 90 percent of their reelection contests: a recognition advantage, a high personal valuation of the office, a lower cost of providing services, and policy alignment with high demand interest groups. The model yields predictions that are consistent with empirical findings on the relation between campaign contributions and election outcomes.


Sometimes it helps to begin with the critics, if we are to understand what a document is about. We can learn something of the main preoccupations of Veritatis Splendor by looking at the position of two of its feminist critics. While in some respects their criticism is not well made, it serves nonetheless as a kind of exhibit, displaying the habits of the heart which contemporary society assumes in reflecting on such issues. What is particularly striking is what they overlook, revealing a widespread and perhaps systematic blindness in face of certain aspects of traditional ethical teaching. The authors consider the case of an Italian woman (Gianna Beretta Molla) who had a cancerous condition, which, if fully operated, would have ended the life of her unborn child. She chose to have only a minor operation, putting her life at risk to ensure that her child at least would live. And this is more or less what happened, the child being carried to term and the mother dying a few days after the birth . She was beatified by John Paul II in 1994. 1 The criticism of the authors follows a predictable course. Presumably the strongest argument they could make is that such cases can be used to justify unhealthy suffering.2 What they actually say goes much further. They are against theologies that regard suffering as "a value in itself'; they insist that voluntary suffering is justified only if it leads to "a greater good which involves the alleviation of the suffering"; and they reject suffering


The seismic behavior of the high-rise building composed of multiple sub-structures is studied in the paper. A model with the scale of 1:20 is made for the shaking table test. At same time, 3D finite element models are developed by means of both SAP2000N and ANSYS. Some results of dynamic and modal analysis are compared with that of the test. The distributive rule of story lateral stiffness of this kind building is discovered. It is found that the cooperation of lateral structures is existed in both of the vertical and the horizontal directions. Some suggestions are made to improve the seismic design.


This report details the steps taken to reproduce the paper "Mea-suring Influence on Instagram: A Network-Oblivious Approach" as part of Exercise 2, from the lecture course Experiment Design in Data Science, WS2021. The goal is to check whether the information given in the paper is sufficient to reproduce the results reported; to review if there are statistically significant differences between the reported and reproduced results; and finally whether the values reported in the paper could stem from the distribution sampled by the reproduced experiments. Overall, it was found that the graphs from the original paper can be easily recreated using the data source provided by the authors. However, this is where the 'easy' reproduction cases as the authors did not report details such as code, environment, parameter information for clustering or regressors used, making the reproduction of the remainder of the paper an extremely cumbersome task. Our reproduction therefore lead to similar results in some cases, but also differed significantly in others.


A high efficiency and economical arrangement for providing power to computers with 400 Hz CPU requirements is introduced. The system utilizes a conventional 60 Hz static switching bypass type 60 Hz UPS connected to a common battery with a switching type redundant 400 Hz solid state UPS thus eliminating the double conversion losses and lower efficiency of an added rotary frequency converter. A method is provided for continuity of operation with failure of any major circuit components and means are provided for isolation and maintenance of any component without interrupting the load. The characteristics and circuit techniques of the inverters, rectifiers, and associated static switches are described and photographs of a 150 KVA 60 Hz and 75 KVA 400 Hz integrated systems are presented.


A down-conversion active mixer with high linearity and low noise behavior for 2-3 GHz wireless local area networks (WLAN) applications is presented. This mixer is designed based on the RF-TSMC $0.18\ \mu\mathrm{m}$ CMOS technology. In order to suppress third order nonlinearity, a new fully differential Darlington cell with a cross-connected topology is reported. As a result, the linearity of mixer is increased effectively. In addition, the proposed circuit employs an active load and current bleeding technique to increase the conversion gain (CG) and reduce the noise of the circuit in the frequency of interest. The simulated third-order input intercept point (IIP3) is 12.5 dB while conversion gain is 14.5 dB. The proposed circuit provides a low noise figure of 4.55 dB at 2.4 GHz. Its power consumption is 17.4 mW with power supply of 1.8V.


Diagnostic thoracentesis is a basic and relatively safe diagnostic method for patients with pleural effusion. However, complications of thoracentesis are rare and not well known because of the low incidence. Herein, we report a case of subcutaneous and muscle layer seroma following thoracentesis.


The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJPS) on lipids and leptin metabolism in hyperlipidemic mice. The hyperlipemia models were established by feeding fat-rich forage to Kunming mice for four weeks and administered with different doses of LJPS (75mg/d, 150mg/d, 300mg/d). Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum were determined with enzymic method and cholesterol oxidation method. The free fatty acid (FFA) and leptin in serum were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the serum levels of TG, TC, FFA and leptin in the hyperlipidemic group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). The serum levels of TG, TC and leptin in treated groups were lower than those in the hyperlipidemic group (P<0.05), and the serum level of FFA in middle and high dose groups was lower than those in the hyperlipidemic group (P<0.01). The serum levels of TG, TC and FFA in middle and high dose groups were lower than those in low dose group (P<0.05), while the serum level of leptin in high dose group was lower than low dose group (P <0.05). The results suggested that LJPS could reduce blood lipid level in hyperlipidemic mice and improve the leptin resistance with does-dependent relationship.


Static mechanical property of a new ultra-high strength steel(83 steel) which quenched at 950 ℃ and tempered at 200-700 ℃ was investigated,and dynamic compression properties of the steel was studied by Hopkinson bar.Effect of tempering temperature on mechanical properties of the steel was also studied.The results show that temper brittleness of the 83 steel is observed at 250-450 ℃,and the plasticity and toughness of the steel are worse and adiabatic shear failure is more easily occurs.While 83 steel is tempered beyond 250450 ℃,its temper brittleness is not observed,and the plasticity and toughness of the steel become better and adiabatic shear failure becomes more difficult to occur with tempering temperature rising.


A fiber Bragg grating(FBG) sensor interrogation technology is studied based on the tunable fiber laser experimentally.In the system,the tunable laser is composed of a tunable fiber F-P(TFFP) filter,an embedded erbium fiber amplifier(EDFA),two isolators and a coupler.By finding the driven voltage corresponded to the peak value of photoelectric detector and the relation of driven voltage and strain,the strain information is well demodulated.Also the reasons affecting the precision of the system are analyzed and the relevant methods are employed to improve the precision.From the experiment results,the correlative linearity of strain and driven voltage of TFFP is 0.998,and a resolution of 1.26 μstrain is obtained.


Polymeric dinuclear alkynylcopper(I) complexes, for example phenylethynylcopper(I), can be prepared by a robust method involving the interaction of terminal alkynes with copper(II) salts in acetonitrile. The use of the ladder polymers provides heterogeneous catalysts for copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions and provides important mechanistic information.


The article is devoted to the extremely urgent present problems of personal self-development comprehension phenomena (self-improvement, self-education) as a powerful factor in humanistic principles of communication forming. Such human cohabitation project creation, in which human values are priorities and determinants, and interpersonal communication takes place on the basis of spiritual principles and humanistic values, is proved to be necessary.


Kinetic and infrared studies of the steam gasification of coal catalyzed by alkali metal salts are described. These studies have subsequently led us to the formulation of a procedure by which alkali metal chlorides are used as the source of alkali metals for catalytic coal gasification.


Microalgae has been seen all over the seawater and several species are used for human food. Specially, Nannochloropsis oculata, a photosynthetic microalgae, has been focused for a vast array of valuable nutritious compounds. In order to find high mass Nannochloropsis oculata culture conditions, some of important growth factors of pH, temperature, culture media, and effect were tested. The optimal growth condition was found to be as follows : 3% artificial seawater, initial pH 8.5, and temperature . The alga mass and chlorophyll content were dramatically increased by applying 5% flue gas (1.50 g/L algae in a continuous flue; 0.76 g/L alga without ). It was shown that the chlorophyll biosynthesis was also closely associated with alga growth.


Preface vii Chapter 1: Basics of Climate 1 Chapter 2: The Oceans: A Descriptive Overview 22 Chapter 3: A Brief Introduction to Dynamics 41 Chapter 4: The Ocean Circulation 75 Chapter 5: The Ocean's Overall Role in Climate 105 Chapter 6: Climate Variability from Weeks to Years 128 Chapter 7: Global Warming and the Ocean 156 Notes 205 Further Reading 211 Glossary 215 References 223 Index 229


In this paper we establish a refinement of Simpson's inequality for functions of bounded variation. As an application, we obtain some new estimates of the remainder term in Simpson's quadrature formula.


In this work we point out a theoretical picture accounting for some unpredicted trapping conditions that have been observed—but not satisfactorily explained—in the past and have been recently confirmed by our experiments. We have realized a sodium magneto-optical trap working on the 3 S1/2(F 1)→3 P3/2(F 0) transition that, according to the usually accepted model, should not work. Our results, with respect to the previous unexplained observations, support more stringent conclusions because our experimental setup gives us the possibility to repump atoms from the F 2 state using D1 transitions. This definitely excludes that the repumping frequency may play a role in the trap dynamics. A peculiar perturbation approach allows us to demonstrate that the confinement force originates, in this case, from a magnetically induced level-mixing effect. Moreover, we describe separately the nature of damping and confining forces and we recognize that in this case they are due to different transitions. Trap simulations based on a dynamical three-dimensional model are presented, which quantitatively reproduce our experimental results.


The political leadership in India has realized since independence in the year 1947 that it needs to create distinct political, economic and social conditions to move on the path of development based on the human and natural capabilities of India that qualify it to reach the ranks of major powers, the most important characteristic of public policies in India is the comprehensiveness of its results And its outputs for large segments of Indian society, which necessitated attention to developing high-level strategies in various sectors and paying attention to internal challenges and external threats. India pursued the path of development and became an economically advanced country that competes with major powers in the scientific and technological field and became advanced in the field of emerging energy and entered the nuclear club.


The use of Lagrangean relaxation and Lagrangean decomposition to obtain bounds for (mixed-) integer programming problems is treated. It is assumed that the constraint set contains at least one, and in the case of Lagrangean decomposition multiple, structured subsets of constraints. Conditions under which strong bounds can be obtained are reviewed, some applications are presented, and computational results for some of these problems are reported.<<ETX>>


Abstract Buyers purchase homes in Cleveland, Ohio, because visible neighbourhood qualities, structural attributes and neighbourhood amenities are appealing. How they perceive their housing and their neighbourhoods tends to vary with income, education, previous tenure and their type of employment. Their perceptions are confounded, however, by their race, the presence of school age children, their previous place of residence, work location and time expected to reside in the house. Neighbourhood familiarity and locational convenience are also key components in the homebuyer's decision process. Moreover, few higher income homebuyers anticipate remaining in their homes for more than four years. Because their work orientation is outside the downtown, future housing purchases may similarly occur outside the city. To the extent that there is a slackening in the purchasing of housing units in the central city by higher income households, housing market and neighbourhood stability are likely to deteriorate.


A nucleic acid of about 450 nucleotides, called RNA450, was extracted from needles of symptomless and damaged spruces (Picea abies L., Karst.) and was analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The samples originated from 14-years-old spruces of two differently exposed forest sections of the same location in the Hils area. Trees of section 65 were symptomless whereas those of section 103 were retarded in their growth and had partly yellow coloured needles.

A new tree was selected for each sampling. Samples were taken at monthly intervals from June 1985 to March 1986, and bimonthly from March to December 1986. The aim of the study is to find out whether the RNA450 indicates the damage of trees in the Hils. The RNA450 was characterized in the accompanying paper (Beutheret al. 1988) as an endogeneous RNA, which is influenced in its concentration by tree damages. A comparison of the RNA patterns of needle extracts from four different needle year classes of symptomless and damaged trees led to the result that the concentration of RNA450 is influenced by season, needle age, and damage. The amplitude of the seasonal changes in the RNA450 level was found to be larger in younger than in older needles and is not influenced by the position of the branch. The period of metabolic activity, as observed on the level of RNA450, is markedly shorter in damaged than in symptomless trees. The usefulness of the RNA450 as a diagnostic test system will be discussed.


Enhanced reactive nitrogen deposition may compromise the sustainability and functioning of bogs, with respect to carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas production. Since 2002, three N forms have been applied to an ombrotrophic bog growing Calluna, Sphagnum capillifolium and Eriophorum vaginatum in order to test this. Significant changes in species cover and soil chemistry, especially in response to elevated ammonia concentrations, have been recorded. Ammonia deposition has also increased nitrous oxide emissions, while the same N dose as ammonium or nitrate had a far smaller effect. Methane emissions were increased by nitrate additions, although fluxes were equally responsive to water table and temperature. The significance of N form, and 'natural' drivers, is discussed.


Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil preconditioning on myocardial following ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) in isolated rat hearts.Methods 36 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=12 each):I/R group,RPC group and 5-HD+RPC group.The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 30 mg/kg and heparinized.After a 20min stabilization period,I/R group recived 45 min reperfusion before isehemia,PRC group recived 3 episodes of 5min remifentanil perfusion before isehemia.5-HD+RPC group recived 5-HD(a selective mitochondrial mitoKATP channel blocker),which started 10min before PRC.All the hearts were subjected to 30 ischemia followed by 60 min reperfusion.The size of myocardial infract were measured at the end of reperfution(T2)and the enzyme activities and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) were also measured at the end of post-preparation equilibration(T1) and T2.Results PRC significantly decreased the size of myocardial infract as compareed with I/R group,while there was no significantly difference between the I/R and 5-HD+RPC group.Mitochondrial enzyme activities(NADH oxidase,succinate oxidase and cytochrome C oxidase)and MMP significantly decreased at T2 as compared to the baseline values at T1 in all 3 groups(P0.01) and the mitochondrial function in PRC group was the best(P0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Remifentanil can significantly improve mitochondtial function at the end of reperfusion.The opening of mitochondrial ATP sensitive K+ channel is involved in the mechanism of the protective effect of remifintanil against I/R injury.


The study on impact of poor implementation of welfare policies on training and development on the performance of academic staff in selected federal Universities in South-South Nigeria was carried out to examine the extent to which poor implementation of welfare policies on training and development impacts on the performance of workers in the selected Federal universities in South- South Nigeria. The equity theory was used to explain the variables. Interviews were conducted among 51 workers and the reports were analysed qualitatively. A total of 400 copies of structured questionnaire were also distributed among the workers and retrieved with a 90.7% response rate which were analysed quantitatively.  The study discovered that, whereas there are good welfare policy statements in the study area, the level of implementation of these policies were poor. Furthermore, over 90% of the respondents insisted that full implementation of welfare policies would have positive impact on workers' performance to a very large extent. The results further indicated that there have been very few in-house and outside training programmes in the study area. A total of 87% of respondents agreed that poor level of implementation of welfare policies on training and development is a source of discouragement which have negatively affected academic performance of both teaching and non-teaching staff and have led to poor service delivery in our Universities. The study advocate for a full implementation of welfare policies on training and development of academic staff by both the Federal government and the Federal University Management by increase funding, regular monitoring of funds and programme implementation level to enhance the performance of the academic staff in the federal Universities in the South-South Nigeria and the Country at large.


Development of output-only modal testing and monitoring systems of real civil engineering structures albeit very appealing have been very challenging to engineers of any progression. This paper analyses some of the most critical issues that are needed for the success of implementing this approach to civil engineering structures. Illustrations are made based mainly on the applications developed by the present authors when conducting their research at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). For illustration purposes, two representative test structures are selected to reflect different characteristics of structures. This paper then focuses in detail on instrumentation aspects since these are amongst the most confusing issues. All necessary components of complete instrumentation systems are analysed with different scenarios and structures. Last shared are some key notes on the test management process which is especially relevant to long-term modal-based monitoring applications.


We present results of an analysis of a UV image in the direction of Ophiuchus, obtained with the FAUST instrument. The image contains 228 UV sources. Most of these were identified as normal early-type stars through correlations with cataloged objects. For the first time in this project we identified UV sources as such stars by selecting suitable candidates in crowded fields as the bluest objects in color-color diagrams using observations from the Wise Observatory. These candidates were then studied using low-resolution spectroscopy, which allowed the determination of spectral types to an accuracy of about one-half class, for 60 stars. Synthetic photometry of spectral data was performed in order to predict the expected UV emission, on the basis of the photometric information. These results were used along with the Hipparcos/Tycho information, to search for sub-luminous stars. The comparison of the predicted emission with the FAUST measured magnitudes allowed us to select twelve stars as highly-probable evolved hot stars. High signal-to-noise spectra were obtained for nine of these stars and Balmer line profiles were compared with the prediction of atmosphere models and with the spectrum of real stellar atmospheres. Among the nine candidates, six are classified as previously unrecognized sdB stars and two as white dwarfs. Our result indicates that indeed more bright subluminous stars are still unrecognized in the existing samples.


"Increased cell edge bit-rate" is an important requirement for 3GPP LTE, and inter-cell interference problem is a key issue for improving the cell edge bit-rate. In this paper, we propose an inter-cell interference mitigation scheme for 3GPP LTE downlink, and particularly, we focus on intra-node-B scenario. The proposed scheme makes use of a combination of partial reuse and softer handover for inter-sector handover users. The simulation results were obtained using a dynamic system-level simulator. The simulation results show that, compared to the partial reuse scheme, the proposed scheme can provide significant throughput gains for inter-sector handover users and achieve almost the same average sector throughput.


This paper describes several kinds of new technologies introduced into the latest microlithographic lens system for Nikon's DUV (Deep Ultra Violet) scanner.


Ebola was first diagnosed in 1976 in the south of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). There have been several outbreaks in Africa in recent decades, but the latest in West Africa, which has been traced back to soup made from infected bats, has been the biggest in history, de Frey said.

De Frey said that education is the key to managing the disease and said mining companies need to invest in constant surveillance, screening and correct management procedures for suspected cases in order to minimise Ebola's impact on their operations.


A school world atlas is likely the first systematic cartographic product which students encounter in their lives. However, only a few empirical studies have analysed school atlases in the context of map reading and learning geographical curricula. The present paper describes an eye-tracking study conducted on 30 grammar school students and their geography teacher. The study explored ten tasks using thematic world maps contained in the Czech school world atlas. Three research questions were posed: (i) Are students able to learn using these particular types of maps? (ii) Have the cartographic visualization methods in the school atlas been adequately selected? (iii) Does the teacher read the maps in the same manner as students? The results proved that the students were sufficiently able to learn using thematic maps. The average correctness of their answers exceeded 70%. However, the results highlighted several types of cartographic visualization methods which students found difficult to read. Most of the difficulties arose from map symbols being poorly legible. The most problematic task was estimating the value of the phenomenon from the symbol size legend. Finally, the difference between the students' and teacher's manner of reading maps in each task was analysed qualitatively and then quantitatively by applying two different scanpath comparison methods. The study revealed that the geography teacher applied a different method than her students. She avoided looking at the map legend and solved the task using her knowledge.


The effect of water stress on germination of radish seeds is dependent on the presence of light. The effect of pelletization of radish seeds with powdered graphite on the tolerance to water stress under light was analysed. White light and far-red lights were filtered by graphite increasing slightly the tolerance of pelleted seeds to water stress of -0.77MPa. Although red light also inhibited seed germination the graphite had no effect. We propose the pelletization of seeds of Raphanus sativus, at least in cv redondo gigante with graphite as a pratice before planting to increase the tolerance to water stress.


[Objective] Aimed to probe into the content of the active substances and anti-oxidant activities in the tree peony after grafting,the experimental and theoretic basis for the exploitation of tree peony in natural antioxidant and medical treatment and health protection was provided.[Method] The antioxidant activities of the 95% ethanol extracts from the root of four tree peony like Luoyanghong,Fengdanbai and their graft varieties were measured in vitro by the assays of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical,peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)in lipoprotein,as well as the pyrogallol auto-oxidation.The antioxidant activities of several tree peony extracts were analyzed and compared.[Result] Contents of paeoniflorin and paeonolum in the extracts of graft varieties were obviously lower than other two tree peony varieties.Among them,"fengdanbai" had the most abundant active substances.The extracts of graft varieties in which the inhibiting effects on anti-peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acid in lipoprotein were obviously superior to other two tree peony varieties and the scavenging effects on DPPH radical were better under the high concentration.And the antioxidant effects were enhanced with the concentration of extracts increasing.But the scavenging effects of the graft varieties on super oxide anion radical markedly were weaker than other two tree peony.[Conclusion] Several tree peony extracts had the better antioxidant capacities.The contents of the active substances and anti-oxidant activities in the graft varieties had great changes.


We propose an alternative approach called the Possessed Robot method to find each robot's unique communication strategies. In this approach, the human manipulator behaves as if she/he possesses the robot and finds the optimal communication strategies based on each robot's shape and modalities. We implement the Possessed Robot system (PoRoS) including a reconfigurable body robot, an easier manipulation system, and a recording system to evaluate the validity of our method. We evaluate a block-assembling task by PoRoS by turning on and off the modality of the robot's head. Subsequently, the robot's motion during player's motion significantly increases whereas the ratio of confirmatory behaviour significantly decreases in the head-fixed design. Based on the results, we find an example case for the optimal communication strategy in the head-fixed design. In this case, the robot leads the users and the user follows the robot as in the turn-taking communication style of the humanlike condition. This result shows the feasibility of the Possessed Robot method to make appropriate strategy adjustments based on the robot design.


Recent advances in machine learning, particularly with regard to deep learning, help to recognize and classify objects in medical images. In this study, endoscopy images were examined and deep learning method was used to classify healthy and polyp cells. For the proposed system, a database was created from the archives of General Surgery Department Endoscopy Unit in Kutahya Evliya Celebi Training and Research Hospital. The database contains 93 polyps and 216 normal images from 54 archive records. For image multiplexing, a total of 1236 images were obtained by rotating each image 90 degrees around its axis. While 2/3 of the randomly selected data from this obtained data was used for training the model, the rest of the data was reserved for testing. K-fold Cross Validation method was used to reduce the variability of performance results. In this study, 48 different models were created by using different activation and optimization functions to find the best classification model in deep learning. According to the experimental results, it was observed that accuracy of the models depends on the selected parameters; the best model with the accuracy rate of 91% was obtained with 64 neurons in the hidden layer, ReLU activation function and RmsProp optimization method whereas the worst model with the accuracy rate of 76% was obtained with 32 neurons in the hidden layer, Tanh activation and PmsProp optimization functions. Accordingly, classification performance of polyp images can be optimized by utilizing different activation and optimization methods during the design of deep learning models.


In the binary power generation system using exhaust gas as a heat source, it provides a novel binary power (發電) system, taking into account the sulfuric acid dew point (露點) the temperature of the exhaust gas to maximize the power generation amount. In the above-described binary power generation system, the sulfate corrosion can be prevented. It includes a binary developing device for developing, by using the heat of the exhaust gas output from the power unit vaporize the development medium, binary power generation equipment has a control unit for controlling the flow rate of the development medium on the basis of the sulfur concentration of at least the exhaust gas with, and provides a binary power generation system.


Correction for 'Spherical Co3S4 grown directly on Ni–Fe sulfides as a porous nanoplate array on FeNi3 foam: a highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting' by Jun Shen et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 5442–5451, DOI: 10.1039/d1ta07504g.


The explicit form of experimental data and the implicit form of a mathematical model make the task of determining the unknown parameters of the kinetic model of the process in real time more difficult. The paper deals with a comparative analysis of the efficiency of two approaches to parametric optimization in terms of convergence and computing time. The aim is to test the effectiveness of the methods for parameters estimation of complex nonlinear kinetic models that meet the rigorous statistical tests of the model adequacy. This paper investigated iterative gradient optimization methods: the method of conjugate gradients, quasi-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt method. The conditions under which the chosen approaches provide convergence were determined. It was confirmed that the most reliable method converged conjugated gradient and the Levenberg-Marquardt method was computer fastest. Parametric optimization methods were applied in the study and confirmation of the reaction mechanism using the method of elimination of irrelevant mechanisms of complex processes. The possibility of applying parametric optimization methods in the study of the mechanism of the reaction was confirmed. The data base that is formed by accumulation of estimated parameters with chronological time becomes the knowledge base which can be used to control and manage the process.


Within the academic literature, a growing awareness is surfacing with regard to wicked socio-ecological problems' resistance to resolution by existing institutions and available expertise being linked to their specific 'hybrid' nature. It is argued that our dominant and deeply rooted Western worldview, with its strict division between, on the one hand, the world of nonhuman objects, science, nature, materiality, etc. and, on the other, the world of human subjects, society, politics, ethics, discourse etc., runs counter to the 'hybridity' of such issues (Goeminne 2011) as they are characterised by an inextricable entanglement of social, political, human aspects and material, technical, natural elements (Latour 2010). ESE researchers have critically described the risks involved in both a Modern, objectivist and a postmodern, subjectivist approach to teaching and learning in the face of such hybrid sustainability issues (e.g. Ashley 2000; Garrison et al. 2015; Van Poeck et al. 2014; Lysgaard and Fjelsted 2015; Van Poeck and Lysgaard 2015) and argue for developing theoretical, methodological as well as didactical frameworks that neither exclusively rely on language, discourse, and notions like social constructivism, nor solely focus on materiality and scientific 'matters of fact'. Instead, an 'other than modern' (Garrison et al. 2015) approach to ESE simultaneously takes into account discourse and materiality. The researchers that collaborate on this symposium contribution are interested in investigating how ESE practices (can) deal with the hybrid character of sustainability issues and how an 'other than modern' educational practice can possibly contribute to satisfactorily tackling wicked, unstructured sustainability issues. In this paper, they develop a conceptual framework in view of this ambition. Drawing on theoretical, epistemological work in the fields of Speculative Realism (Meillasoux, 2007; Bryant, 2013) and Actor Network Theory (Latour 2005), the presented framework should enable ESE researchers to empirically examine didactics and pedagogy in ESE practices as to whether – and, if so, how – the intimate entanglement of social, political, human aspects on the one hand and material, technical, natural elements on the other is reflected in the content of ESE, that is, in the way in which educational practices present and approach the subject matter. Then, they critically discuss the conceptual framework by distinguishing descriptive and prescriptive ways of applying it and illustrate their argument with examples of how topics such as the ecological footprint and the Anthropocene are/can be addresses in ESE.


Natural selection leaves a spatial pattern along the genome, with a distortion in the haplotype distribution near the selected locus that becomes less prominent with increasing distance from the locus. Evaluating the spatial signal of a population-genetic summary statistic across the genome allows for patterns of natural selection to be distinguished from neutrality. Different summary statistics highlight diverse components of genetic variation and, therefore, considering the genomic spatial distribution of multiple summary statistics is expected to aid in uncovering subtle signatures of selection. In recent years, numerous methods have been devised that jointly consider genomic spatial distributions across summary statistics, utilizing both classical machine learning and contemporary deep learning architectures. However, better predictions may be attainable by improving the way in which features used as input to machine learning algorithms are extracted from these summary statistics. To achieve this goal, we apply three time-frequency analysis approaches (wavelet transform, multitaper spectral analysis, and S-transform) to summary statistic arrays. Each analysis method converts a one-dimensional summary statistic arrays to a two-dimensional image of spectral density or visual representation of time-frequency analysis, permitting the simultaneous assessment of temporal and spectral information. We use these images as input to convolutional neural networks and consider combining models across different time-frequency representation approaches through the ensemble stacking technique. Application of our modeling framework to data simulated from neutral and selective sweep scenarios reveals that it achieves almost perfect accuracy and power across a diverse set of evolutionary settings, including population size changes and test sets for which sweep strength, softness, and timing parameters were drawn from a wide range. Moreover, a scan of whole-genome sequencing of central European humans recapitulated previous well-established sweep candidates, as well as predicts novel cancer associated genes as sweeps with high support. Given that this modeling framework is also robust to missing data, we believe that it will represent a welcome addition to the population-genomic toolkit for learning about adaptive processes from genomic data.


The paper discusses the painting skill and scope from the geo-position,picture arrangement and painting method of Kangjiashimenzi fresco in Hutubi county.It emphatically analyzes the fresco's shape features and painting styles,puts forward the down-moving fresco carving idea,explains the painting methods and procedures of higher position frescoes.It provides us with new theoretical grounds for further understanding and studying the carving methods of Hutubi frescoes,even those places in the Tianshan Mountains.


In this paper, a system is presented, which addresses the first question of source assignment in an open environment of unordered person flows using sophisticated data fusion algorithms for a set of gamma ray detectors and 3D time-of-flight cameras for tracking. The basis of such a system are precise, reliable, and real time updated tracks of all persons within the region of interest. In our system, a set of 3D time-of-flight cameras is used to extract position information of persons in a room. In parallel, a set of gamma ray sensors is used to measure the current intensity spatially distributed in the room. Nuclear decay is a random process, where the statistics can be described with a Poisson distribution with high variance. Thus, it directly follows that the gamma detection sensors have a poor spatial resolution for allocation of a source. Therefore, the inference of which person is a carrier of radio active material must be based on multiple sensors in order to reduce ambiguities. In the system proposed in this paper, this assignment problem is solved based on Bayesian estimation. At each time step, a prior probability for all possible assignments within the range of a sensor is updated by a likelihood which is modeled as a convolution of a Poisson process and Gaussian distributed measurement noise.


Modular design is becoming increasingly important in High Level Synthesis (HLS) flows. Current HLS flows generate hierarchical and modular designs that mimic the structure and call graph of the input specification by translating functions into modules. Function calls are translated by instantiating the callee module in the data-path of its caller, allowing for resource sharing when the same function is called multiple times. However, if two different callers invoke the same function, current HLS flows cannot share the instance of the module between the two callers, even if they invoke the function in a mutually exclusive way. In this paper, we propose a methodology that enables sharing of (sub)modules across modules boundaries. Sharing is obtained through function proxies, which act as forwarders of function calls in the original specification to shared modules without reducing performance. Building on the concept of function proxies, we propose a methodology and the related components to perform HLS of function calls through function pointers, without requiring complete static knowledge of the alias set (point-to set). We show that module sharing through function proxies provides valuable area savings and no significant impacts on the execution delays, and that our synthesis approach for function pointers enables dynamic polymorphism.


What are the global trends affecting the ocean and atmosphere? In the atmosphere, human-produced contaminants threaten the health and welfare of all air-breathing species. In the ocean, marine debris generated by one country washes up on the shores of another. The absorption of increased atmospheric carbon has made the ocean more acidic (or less basic, to be accurate), thus jeopardizing the existence of organisms that depend on calcification and are essential to the entire food chain. Biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate, and overfishing worldwide has brought about a rapid decrease in populations of large fishes. Trends in the ocean and atmosphere are clearly affecting the sustainability of the human race. Population trends are alarming. With almost seven billion people, the earth is strained as never before to support the human species. People are moving to the coasts and large cities, thus magnifying the need to study, understand, and apply large-scale ecosystem approaches to the management of human activities. Climate change and global warming are clearly affecting the ocean and atmosphere; or, better said, observed changes in the ocean and atmosphere indicate that the earth is warming and the climate is changing. What are the relevant national investment priorities for the future? Given this cursory look at trends, I find it helpful to think of future needs in terms of four interconnected categories, all of which must be resourced to gain overall benefits. First, we must build the infrastructure and capability to collect and analyze data on Earth's family of systems. Second, we need a much improved understanding of the water and air that are essential to life. Third, we must develop the skill to understand, and the will to use, ecosystem approaches to the management of human activities. Fourth, we must build new and effective mechanisms for national and global cooperation in earth science research and applications. To begin, there is an urgent need to invest in a comprehensive, integrated, and sustainable global observing system. Every major challenge to building a sustainable world—which should be our common goal—requires that we gain significantly more knowledge of earth's ecosystems. Monitoring and forecasting climate change and global warming is just one important and current example. Earth observation systems require robust and sustained satellite constellations. Unfortunately, relatively few citizens recognize how dependent we have become on Earth-observing satellites, or that the current system is fragile today and inadequate for the future. Earth scientists at NOAA and around the world have become increasingly more dependent on satellite data to serve the public with life-saving information and environmental forecasts essential to the economic growth. Hurricane forecasting is one simple example. Satellites not only provide physical information but are becoming integral to biological pursuits as well. For example, satellite information is used to determine the migration patterns of endangered sea turtles and the level of oceanic primary productivity. In terms of global warming, the single most important investment needed today is a GCOS (Global Climate Observing System), including a carbon monitoring system. Both climatemonitoring satellites and ground-based monitoring instruments are necessary to achieve this goal. Such a system is critical to a successful agreement on any type of worldwide carbon-limiting scheme and, more importantly, to determining whether we are actually having the desired effect on the earth's climate. Regarding water and air, again investment in large-scale monitoring systems is needed. For example, there is no large-scale system to monitor the chemical composition of the atmosphere. It will take more than the satellites and ground stations of today; unmanned air systems will be needed to fill the gaps. Although some progress has been made, much more work remains to complete the required comprehensive ocean-observing systems. A positive example of what has been accomplished is the development of a worldwide tsunami monitoring system. Such a system is now a reality in the entire Pacific and in half of the Atlantic, and is in embryonic stages in the Indian Ocean, thanks to worldwide investment and cooperation both in developing and placing sensors, and in sharing the information obtained. Satellites are certainly useful for ocean monitoring, good examples being the Ocean and Atmosphere—The Future


The characters of bus lane system operation and its parameters have the vital significance to the plan,the design,the operation of the bus lane system.the bus lane system in Kunming as an example,the research on the characters of bus lane system operation according to the massive investigation data are made.Based on the massive measured data,the research on parameters of the bus lane system operation——Beijing road in Kunming from rapidity,the reliability,comfortableness,the transportation efficiency,etc have been conducted.


Purpose

The existing literature dealing with attractiveness during a service encounter focuses on employee attractiveness and its consequences. This paper aims to consider the other side of the coin by focusing on customers' attractiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

On the basis of two studies, this paper presents and tests a model explaining the specific role that employee social attraction plays in customer service perception and satisfaction judgment.

Findings

It suggests that the appraisal of customers' physical attractiveness and homophily may lead to situations in which employees are socially attracted to customers, thus influencing customer service perception.

Originality/value

Consequently, this research provides insights into the role of attraction determinants in a service context. In addition, it demonstrates how employees' social attraction is triggered in a service context. The findings contribute to satisfaction research by extending prior research perceptions on dyadic service encounters and examining both employee attitude and customer perceptions in service interactions.