It is generally accepted that the obsessional personality (obsessoid, anal-erotic character) is the premorbid personality most frequently associated with obsessional neurosis. Freud (1908) described the triad of traits of orderliness, parsimoniousness and obstinacy which characterizes this personality. He considered that these traits were due to reaction formation against and sublimation of anal-erotic activities and aggressive impulses into socially acceptable forms of behaviour. According to this view the anal-erotic character and obsessional neurosis share a common developmental basis—the neurosis represents a failure of repression, the regression to the anal-sadistic level of libidinal organization and the use of defences against excessive hostility.


you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Purpose: The World Health Organization recommends the initiation of opioid agonists prior to release from incarceration to prevent relapse or overdose. Many countries in the world employ these strategies. This paper considers the evidence to support these recommendations and the factors that have slowed their adoption in the US. Methods: We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal/observational studies that examine participant outcomes associated with the initiation or continuation of opioid agonists (methadone, buprenorphine) or antagonists (naltrexone) during incarceration. Papers were identified through a literature search of PubMed with an examination of their references and were included if they reported outcomes for methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone continued during incarceration or initiated prior to release in a correctional institution. Results: Fourteen studies were identified, including eight RCTs and six observational studies. One RCT found that patients treated with methadone who were continued on versus tapered off methadone during brief incarceration were more likely to return to treatment upon release. A second RCT found that the group starting methadone treatment in prison versus a waiting list was less likely to report using heroin and sharing syringes during incarceration. A third RCT found no differences in postrelease heroin use or reincarceration between individuals initiating treatment with methadone versus those initiating treatment with buprenorphine during relatively brief incarcerations. Findings from four additional RCTs indicate that starting opioid agonist treatment during incarceration versus after release was associated with higher rates of entry into community treatment and reduced heroin use. Finally, one pilot RCT showed that providing extended-release naltrexone prior to discharge resulted in significantly lower rates of opioid relapse compared to no medication. Conclusion: Reasons why uptake of these pharmacotherapies is limited in the US and relatively widespread in Europe are discussed. Recommendations for future research are outlined.


Policies aimed at sustainable landscape management recognise the importance of multiple cultural viewpoints, but the notion of landscape itself is implicitly assumed to be homogeneous across speech communities. We tested this assumption by collecting data about the concept of "landscape" from speakers of seven languages of European origin. Speakers were asked to freely list exemplars to "landscape" (a concrete concept for which the underlying conceptual structure is unclear), "animals" (a concrete and discrete concept) and "body parts" (a concrete concept characterised by segmentation). We found, across languages, participants considered listing landscape terms the hardest task, listed fewest exemplars, had the least number of shared exemplars, and had fewer common co-occurrence pairs (i.e., pairs of exemplars listed adjacently). We also found important differences between languages in the types of exemplars that were cognitively salient and, most importantly, in how the exemplars are connected to each other in semantic networks. Overall, this shows that "landscape" is more weakly structured than other domains, with high variability both within and between languages. This diversity suggests that for sustainable landscape policies to be effective, they need to be better tailored to local conceptualisations.


it is the very indicator, which makes it possible to determine readiness of a learner and a graduate for his/her further personal development and active participation in the life social Being oriented to the modern labour market, education considers that one of the priorities at present is the ability to operate such technologies and knowledge, which meet the requirements of informational society and prepare young people to play a new part in society.


The main focus of this paper is the research of emotions by means of the International Affective Picture System. It is a set of photographs which according to the authors' assumptions differ in two basic dimensions of emotions valence and arousal. The paper discusses the studies carried out using this system, theoretical context of this approach, its theoretical and methodological limitations and possible starting points. The authors believe that this system is primarily based on the necessity to study the semantic content of pictures, or in other words, on a psychosemantic approach.


Photograph of Moor Pool Avenue in Harborne. The estate or garden suburb of c. 500 houses, was developed from 1907 by Nettlefold. The photograph was taken in mid 1958.


In the frame of the development of a videogrammetric system to be used in thermal vacuum chambers at the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) and other sites across Europe, the design of a network using micro-cameras was specified by the European Space agency (ESA)-ESTEC. The selected test set-up is the photogrammetric test of the Herschel Satellite Flight Model in the ESTEC Large Space Simulator. The photogrammetric system will be used to verify the Herschel Telescope alignment and Telescope positioning with respect to the Cryostat Vacuum Vessel (CVV) inside the Large Space Simulator during Thermal-Vacuum/Thermal-Balance test phases. We designed a close-range photogrammetric network by heuristic simulation and a videogrammetric system with an overall accuracy of 1:100,000. A semi-automated image acquisition system, which is able to work at low temperatures (-170°C) in order to acquire images according to the designed network has been constructed by ESA-ESTEC. In this paper we will present the videogrammetric system and sub-systems and the results of real measurements with a representative setup similar to the set-up of Herschel spacecraft which was realized in ESTEC Test Centre.


273Background: A previous analysis of 161 patients (pts) tested for nuclear-localized AR-V7(+) CTCs showed a therapy interaction between AR-V7 positivity and improved overall survival (OS) on taxane chemotherapy vs. androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI). To validate the use of the biomarker result for physician decision making, we prospectively analyzed an independent, multicenter, blinded, cross-sectional cohort (n = 225) to confirm a therapy interaction with AR-V7. We corrected for possible pt selection bias by the treating physician by analyzing the association of therapy to OS in low and high risk groups defined by the test cohort. Methods: Two analyses were performed: (1) the validation of a therapy interaction between AR-V7 positivity and superior OS benefit for pts treated with taxanes in the context of use for 2nd+ line pts; and (2) as the choice between ARSI or taxanes was at the discretion of the attending physician, pt risk was incorporated into the predictive biomarker assessment. A pt...


Gastroschisis is a birth defect of the abdominal wall characterized by evisceration of the intestinal loops through an abdominal defect located to the right of the umbilical cord. Incidence has increased during the past years. This study is observational, cross-sectional and retrospective, the object of which is to describe the epidemiological profile and clinical behavior of gastroschisis in the "Dr. Felipe Nunez Lara" Women's and Children's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 by means of a detailed review of 30 clinical files that met with inclusion criteria. An incidence was reported of 4.1 cases per 10,000 live newborns. The principal associated risk factor was a maternal age of below 20. Advances in neonatal intensive care and surgical techniques have increased survival to 83.4%. Average gestational age at birth was 3 7 weeks with the cho sen birth method being caesarean (86.7%) and 4 normal deliveries. Within the chief associated malformations were: abnormal rotation of the bowel, bowel atresia, interatrium connection and permeable ductus arteriosus. The surgical operation performed was primary closure at 6 hours after birth in 21 patients and the placement of a silo bag in 9, with whom complete closure was obtained 9 days after birth. The main post-surgical complications were compartment syndrome (40%), hospital pneumonia (33%), hospital sepsis (53.2%), enterocolitis (16.6%), enterocutaneous fistula (10%), abdominal hernia (10%) and bowel occlusion (33%). The evolution of patients with gastroschisis with primary closure was more favorable when oral treatment was begun rapidly, fewer days of parenteral feeding and mechanical ventilation. There were no differences in length of hospital stay in relation to patients with silo bag placement. The mortality rate was 16.6% with the main causes being septic shock, mixed shock, pulmonary hemorrhage and liver failure.


Defendants of all ages are affected by the fall in proportionate use of probation, but of special concern are the 17-20 age group where the decline has been particularly noticeable. The reasons for this situation are complex and certainly warrant further investigation, but it is certain that the introduction of Community Service has had some influence on the position as has the decrease in the number of defendants given three year orders. All the factors resulting in this diminished proportionate use of probation are not within the control of the Probation Service; but some are and they deserve special attention. The most obvious factor influencing the use of probation, is the recommendation made at the end of the social inquiry report. Various figures are quoted about the relationship between the recommendations made by the Service and the actual sentence passed by the court, but it would be generally accepted that recommendations are followed by the court in about eight out of ten cases where the Service chooses to make them. (Peter Ford, &dquo;Advising Sentencers&dquo;, 1972). Consequently questions must be asked as to whether the Probation Service is being more


Rural suburbanisation is a pervasive process of increasing geographical significance within Western Europe, but there is a dearth of cross-frontier studies. The adjacent urban hinterlands of Freiburg and Colmar in the Rhine Rift valley, characterised by an intensely nucleated rural settlement pattern dominated by the Haufendorf form, were selected for investigation. The spatial pattern of population changes and occupational structures is examined, and it is concluded that the variable incidence of rural suburbanisation can be related to factors such as the type of agricultural specialization and environmental quality as well as accessibility. In order to evaluate the physical impacts of rural suburbanisation at a community level, field surveys were undertaken in six sample villages. Significant contrasts in the density and configuration of village expansion, in the intensity and scale of village core modernisation, in the integration of new housing areas, and in the types and qualities of new housing provision were found between the Alsace sample villages and the Baden sample villages. It is suggested that differences in national planning legislation and policies provide only a partial explanation of these contrasts. The paper concludes that there is scope to extend the study through an investigation, also on a comparative basis, of the many complex social changes accompanying these physical transformations.


Providing stable application with fast response to users' requirements is a key element in today's competitive world. Frequent deployment and high uptime are extremely valuable. In this diploma thesis, we focus on the upgrade of the server part infrastructure of smoke cessation web application to reach better stability and efficiency. Firstly we discuss the topic of containerization and virtual machines. Afterward, we dive into the concept of orchestration platforms, and we provide a wide comparison of the currently two most popular orchestration platforms Kubernetes and Docker Swarm. Additionally, we introduce UI interfaces for easier manipulation with these tools. We implement a Docker Swarm into our current infrastructure, and on top of it, we use Portainer UI. Furthermore, we discuss the topic of continuous integration and continuous delivery pipeline. Then, we design a fully automated GitLab CI/CD pipeline, so the deployment process can be performed without any human interaction. In the end, we present a solution for the performance monitoring of containers and the rest of the infrastructure.


The paper proposes a generalization of entropy as in [1]. At first, to constract the estimator, we select the metrics on the space of sequances. This metrics is based on a matrix that can be interpreted as an edge coloring of a complete graph with loops. A generalization consists in that instead of using the logarithm in the estimation of the entropy, we apply a similar function which may be arbitrary at the given range. The proposed function is not monotone, so the task of optimizing the average deviation which is a quadratic optimization problem, is solved in the whole space and not on the simplex. The main properties of the estimator, such as asymptotic unbiasedness and power decrease dispersion, are proved in a similar way.


This presentation is a brief update of IEC TC82 QA Task Force, Group 9. Presented is an outline of the recently submitted New Work Item Proposal (NWIP) for a Comparative Thermal Cycling Test for CPV Modules to Differentiate Thermal Fatigue Durability.


What I would like to suggest is to compare case studies which are usually investigated on a case-by-case basis, in a fragmented and localised mode, to ask instead: what about residential segregation, and how was it possible or not possible to proceed to urban desegregation? Residential segregation has existed everywhere, but in different forms: either authoritarian, as in East and Southern Africa, or indirectly, as in Anglophone and francophone West Africa. In either case, the results after independence are much less different than they were supposed to be. A legal residential segregation did not exist in colonial West Africa. Of course, social segregation was the colonial rule; nevertheless a series of colonial cities never knew legal residential segregation [such as Dakar Plateau or Conakry (Guinée) or Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) or a series of other colonial metropolises including for example those in British colonies, such as on Lagos island]. This was even truer in middle-sized cities. Nevertheless, only a few cities, such as Lomé or Dakar, were actually socially mixed from the beginning and ignored the colour bar. In Eastern, Central and Southern Africa, legal residential segregation early on was the rule, in those cities alluded to in the title of this paper. This does not mean that this segregation was completely realised. It was done only for a relatively short time by the apartheid regime; even during apartheid, 'grey areas' maintained, and even increased in the 1970s. Colonial urban planners found their inspiration in the 'Garden City' model imagined by Ebenezer Howard at the end of the nineteenth century. Colonial city planning, most of the time, nearly ignored the 'African city' before Second World War (WWII). Besides this, South African city planning greatly influenced other European city planners, including French city planners. Many of them met together in Africa at the Pretoria Conference in 1947. When independence or the fall of white rule occurred, suddenly miscegenation became accepted. But how did it occur? Who moved first, and why? Of course, many people did not move just because they did not have enough money to think of it. Therefore, it was mainly the ruling classes and upper middle-class people who were involved. Nevertheless, even if private space did not change immediately,


The utility model relates to a drop hammer type roadbed stiffness tester, which comprises a loading plate, a force sensor, a drop hammer, a guide rod, a spring and a signal processor, wherein, an acceleration sensor is arranged on the surface of the loading plate for recording the magnitude of the displacement in the process of the impact of the drop hammer; the force sensor and the acceleration sensor are connected with the signal processor through wires; the top of the guide rod is provided with a disengaging device used for suspending and loosening the drop hammer.


In the structure of causes of death in the Republic of Adygea (RA), cardiovascular (CVD) and cancerous diseases have traditionally been for many years in the first place. The relevance of the study is determined by the search for early molecular genetic markers of multifactorial diseases. The distribution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) of genes of adhesion molecules of integrins ITG (ITGA2 C807T, rs1126643, ITGB3 Leu33Pro, rs5918), selectins SEL (SELE Leu554Phe, rs5355; Ser128Arg, rs5361, SELP Thr715Pro, rs6136) in the residents of RA has been studied by the SNP-method in 44 DNA samples of donors (n = 10) and patients (n = 34) who had CVD (n = 17), Malignant Neoplasms (MN) (mammary adenocarcinoma, n = 8), and chronic inflammatory lung diseases (bronchial asthma – BA), n = 9). The 128Arg polymorphism of the SELE gene - endothelial E-selectin (χ² = 6.66, p = 0.01; OR = 15) and platelet P-selectin SELP Thr715Pro (χ² = 4.55; p = 0.03; OR = 7) are statistically significantly associated with systemic pathological processes. Carriage of the pathological homozygous genotype Arg128Arg and "mutant" SELE allele 128Arg is associated mainly with peripheral (respectively, χ² = 12.31; p = 0.002; OR = 39; χ² = 21.96; p = 0.000003, OR = 100) and less with coronary atherosclerosis (χ² = 4.09, p = 0.04; OR = 10). The molecular and genetic predictor of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke is the carriage of the 715Pro allele of the SELP gene (χ² = 7.54, p = 0.006; OR = 17).


The South Pole is one of the most sensitive and rapid response areas to global climate change on earth. Monitoring the Antarctic ice sheet through remote sensing technology is very important for many areas.,In this paper we selected the MODIS and Land-sat ETM + remote sensing image for the Antarctic area,under the ENVI remote sensing platform,including the method of WAVELET transform,PCA transform method is used,BROVEY transform method and HPF transform method and so on four kind of image fusion methods,and choose such as mean,standard deviation,deviation index,the correlation coefficient of evaluation index to evaluate fused images. Conclusion the ETM + image WAVELET fusion algorithm works best,and for best image Modis image PCA algorithm fusion effect. Both satellite images of different scales of monitoring has its own advantages.


To realize the Sustainable Low Carbon Transport (SLoCaT) in a developing city, the longrun policy including not only introduction of public transport but also effective land-use plan such as Transit Oriented Development (TOD), compact city, etc. as well as technological innovation for vehicles and introduction of renewable energy should be established and evaluated in terms of energy consumption structure and modal share. Thus, in this study, the relationships between urban structure and travel activities based on available transportation mode such as Vehicle Kilometers Travel (VKT), travel distance, etc. were defined and simulated the impacts of such relationships on changing the urban structure and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission dynamically by using the system dynamics model. As the result of simulation, CO2 emission were obtained in long term and impacts of each scenarios were estimated.


This paper presents an FPGA tech-mapping algorithm dedicated to security applications. The objective is to implement—on a full-custom asynchronous FPGA—secured functions that need to be robust against side-channel attacks (SCAs). The paper briefly describes the architecture of this FPGA that has been designed and prototyped in CMOS 65 nm to target various styles of asynchronous logic including 2-phase and 4-phase communication protocols and 1-of-n data encoding. This programmable architecture is designed to be electrically balanced in order to fit the security requirements. It allows fair comparisons between different styles of asynchronous implementations. In order to illustrate the FPGA flexibility and security, a case study has been implemented in 2-phase and 4-phase Quasi-Delay-Insensitive (QDI) logic.


Corresponding Author: Farhad Soleimanian Gharehchopogh e-mail addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com Introduction: The heart is one of the main organs of the human body, and its unhealthiness is an important factor in human mortality. Heart disease may be asymptomatic, but medical tests can predict and diagnose it. Diagnosis of heart disease requires extensive experience of specialist physicians. The aim of this study is to help physicians diagnose heart disease based on hybrid Binary Grasshopper Optimization (BGO) Algorithm and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). The BGO algorithm is used for feature selection (FS), and the KNN is used for classification. Methods: In this study, the medical records of 270 patients in the field of heart disease with 13 features were evaluated. The number of patients is equal to 120 and the absence of disease is equal to 150, so the data set is balanced. Patient information is taken from the standard UCI (University of California, Irvine) database. The evaluation of the proposed model has been done in MATLAB simulation. Results: According to the evaluations, the accuracy was 89.82%, the sensitivity was 89.61%, and the specificity was 90.41%, which are acceptable compared to the results of previous studies in the field of heart disease. Also, the percentage of accuracy of the proposed method based on 7 features (Age, Sex, Chest Pain, BP, Electrocardiographic, Angina, and Thallium) is equal to 90.35%. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, for the diagnosis of heart disease, the proposed method has been more effective in diagnosing the disease and selecting important features in comparison with previous methods. Received: 07/July/2020 Modified: 12/Sep/2020 Accepted: 20/Sep/2020 Available online: 07/Nov/2020


The present invention relates to the field of prognosis and / or diagnosis of a proliferative disease in a patient. More particularly, the present invention is an antibody capable of specifically binding to human cMet receptor, as well as amino acid and nucleic acid sequences encoding the antibody. The present invention likewise comprises the use of said antibodies for detecting and diagnosing pathological hyperproliferative oncogenic disorder associated with expression of cMet, and a corresponding method. In certain embodiments, the disorder is a tumor-forming disorders associated with high cMet polypeptide expression compared to any other disease states associated with over-expression of normal or cMet. The present invention is finally for prognosis or diagnosis of certain cancers, comprising the product and / or composition or kit comprising at least such antibodies.


This paper described the inactivation characteristics of phytoplankton by an electric pulse. We fabricated a power source which generates square-wave voltage up to 150V and 5A current. Also, we can control the frequency of the voltage in ranges of 10Hz~1 kHz and the duty ratio in ranges of 10% to 90%. In the experiment, we applied the square wave pulse to a culture fluid and compared with census figures before and after pulse application. The results shows that inactivation characteristics of phytoplankton depend on the voltage magnitude and frequency. The final experiment, we could get the disinfection rate of 92% at 20V and 1 kHz.


A Los Angeles-based body representing the major film studios, the Technology Council of the Motion Picture and Television Industry, recently proposed a change in the way motion-picture productions are transferred from film to tape for video distribution. The stimulus for the proposal is that the present transfer method is placing an increasing cost and complexity burden on the studios because of the proliferating number of video distribution formats that have to be derived from each film original; to avoid picture-quality compromises, each output variant has typically required a fresh transfer implying that the full costs of film handling and labor-intensive operations such as color correction have to be borne each time


A method and apparatus for adjusting the pass band of the high pass filter of the ADSL is disclosed. ADSL modem with the adjustable pass band, compared to the reception level of the ADSL signal and a predetermined signal level, and the output from the comparison result as the control signal generating circuit for outputting a control signal corresponding to, and said control signal generating circuit and in response to the control signal having a high-pass filter for adjusting the high-pass band of the ADSL modem, the high-and-pass filter having at least one variable resistor, to the pass band of the ADSL modem in response to the control signal having a resistance value to be adjusted is adjusted by the variable resistor. Therefore, the resistance-inductor-because the high-pass pass-band or the cut-off frequency control unit and a filter having a capacitor capable of automatically varying the value of the resistor according to the magnitude of the received signal the effect of receiving a signal to the optimum data rate, a.


A method of making a halftone phase shift mask preform comprising a translucent film on a transparent substrate, comprising: i) forming a compressive stress translucent film comprising nitrogen, metal and silicon by sputtering in the presence of a gas containing Ar and N 2 , and ii) after forming the translucent film, thermally treating the translucent film in an inert gas atmosphere at a temperature that reduces the compressive stress and not lower than 150 ° C.


x Introduction 1 Materials and Methods mPCT and HEK Cell Culture 8 Zebrafish Care and Strains 8 Vectors 8 In vitro translation 9 Transfection 9 cDNA Injections of Zebrafish Embryos 9 Cell and Zebrafish Embryo Harvest 10 FLAG Immunoprecipitation 10 Cell Sorting by Flow Cytometry 11 Western Transfer and Immunoblotting 11 Antibodies 12 CaMK-II Kinase Assay and Phosphorylation Assay 13 Mass Spectrometry Sample Preparation 14


Microsporidiosis, cryptosporidiosis, blastocystosis, etc., of humans and animals are an intestinal diseases caused predominantly by infection with zoonotic species and genotypes of these pathogens. These diseasesare transmitted mainly via the faecal-oral route.Generally, these deseasesare occurs worldwide, but in places with poor sanitation and crowded living conditions is endemic and is associated with source of water and food supply, age, and socioeconomic status [1]. The diagnosis and genetic characterization of the main species and population variants of Microsporidia, Cryptosporidium and Blastocystis infecting humans andanimalsare central to the prevention, surveillance and control of these diseases, particularly as there is presently no cost effective chemotherapeutic regimen or vaccine available. In this Minireview we want to draw attention to the possibility of using HRM analysis for species and genotypic differentiation of these pathogens in clinical samples of humans and animals. This approach is well suited for the rapid screening of large numbers of Cryptosporidium oocyst, Blastocystis cyst and Microsporidia spores DNA samples and, although qualitative, is significantly less time-consuming to carry out than electrophoretic analysis. This method provides a useful tool for investigating the epidemiology and outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis and blastocystosis and could be applicable to identification of species of these pathogens.


By the time this issue of the Journal is published, the world will have moved on. More will be known, than at the time of writing this, about how medicine and societies are responding to the ethical challenges presented by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. In his guest editorial, (first published online on first April 2020), Dominic Wilkinson writes (see pp 287–288) from the perspective of a UK clinician and ethicist facing the then still impending likelihood that 'the number of critically ill patients will overwhelm the capacity of intensive care units' and that 'it will simply not be possible to provide mechanical ventilation to every patient who might need it'. The 'unpalatable question' for clinicians then will be 'which patient to save'?

In his response to this question, Wilkinson identifies benefit and fairness as the key ethical values at stake in such triage decisions: 'how much ethical weight is given to each of these values', he argues, will depend not only on the need to find a fair balance between them, but also on the availability of resources. 'As resources become more limited', he writes, 'there is some need to temper equality with benefit'. In the limited provision of publicly funded intensive care, there already exists 'a need to decline admission to intensive care for some patients who have a low probability of survival, or of benefiting from the treatment': but 'in a situation where resources are overwhelmed, and choice cannot be avoided', he argues, the ethical balance must shift to emphasizing benefit', which in practice means prioritising 'those patients who have the highest chance of surviving', or 'a shorter duration of intensive care stay'.

Wilkinson does not …


Recently, learning-based approaches have achieved impressive results in the field of low-light image denoising. Some state of the art approaches employ a rich physical model to generate realistic training data. However, the performance of these approaches ultimately depends on the realism of the physical model, and many works only concentrate on everyday photography. In this work we present a denoising approach for extremely low-light images of permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) on the lunar surface, taken by the Narrow Angle Camera on board the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter satellite. Our approach extends existing learning-based approaches by combining a physical noise model of the camera with real noise samples and training image scene selection based on 3D ray tracing to generate realistic training data. We also condition our denoising model on the camera's environmental metadata at the time of image capture (such as the camera's temperature and age), showing that this improves performance. Our quantitative and qualitative results show that our method strongly outperforms the existing calibration routine for the camera and other baselines. Our results could significantly impact lunar science and exploration, for example by aiding the identification of surface water-ice and reducing uncertainty in rover and human traverse planning into PSRs.


We have used a combined optical system of a high gain elliptic Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror system (KB) and a multilayer Laue lens (MLL) positioned in the focal plane of the KB for hard x-rays nano-focusing. The two-step focusing scheme is based on a high acceptance and high gain elliptical mirror with moderate focal length and a MLL with ultra-short focal length. Importantly, fabrication constraints, i.e. in mirror polishing and bending, as well as MLL deposition can be significantly relaxed, since (a) the mirror focus in the range of 200-500 nm is sufficient, and (b) the number of layers of the MLL can be correspondingly small. First demonstrations of this setup at the coherence beamline of the PETRA III storage ring yield a highly divergent far-field diffraction pattern, from which the autocorrelation function of the near-field intensity distribution was obtained. The results show that the approach is well suited to reach smallest spot sizes in the sub-10nm range at high flux.


The purpose of this paper is to show the non-existence of D(w)-quadruples in number fields of odd degree whose rings of integers are of the special form. We derive some elements which can not be represented as difference of squares in such rings and comment the non-existence of corresponding Diophantine quadruples. This relies on the non-solvability of system of congruences which we prove in some low-degree cases.


Based on information theory, the single neuron adaptive control problem for stochastic systems with non-Gaussian noises is investigated in this paper. Here, the statistic information of the output within a receding window rather than the output value is used for the tracking problem. Firstly, the single neuron controller structure, which has the ability of self-learning and self-adaptation, is established. Then, an improved performance criterion is given to train the weights of the single neuron. Furthermore, the mean-square convergent condition of the proposed control algorithm is formulated. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the PID controller. The contributions of this work are twofold: (1) the optimal control algorithm is formulated in the data-driven framework, which needn't the precise system model that is usually difficult to obtain; (2) the control problem of non-Gaussian systems can be effectively dealt with by the simple single neuron controller under improved minimum entropy criterion.


The source of petroleum has not been shown to have any genetic connection with salt domes. In the migration of petroleum, the major effects of a salt dome are to accelerate lateral migration and to direct migration toward the dome; the minor effect is to facilitate vertical migration through faults and fissures. Localization of accumulation in super-cap (super-salt) sands is due to simple anticlinal trapping in sands under hydraulic head; in cap-rock fields it is due to unconformity trapping and limestone porosity; and in flank fields it is due to traps of many types in sands under hydraulic head. The most important types of traps are the fault with downthrow on the down-dip side, sand lens, unconformity, and shale porosity. Lateral localization of accumulation around a d me is controlled by faulting, porosity, and continuity or lack of continuity of sands.


Wikdahl et al. randomised 38 patients to receive either cefuroxime 1.5 gm IV preoperatively and 250 mg IP in the first 1 litre dialysis bag (18) or no antibiotics (20). Of those who received antibiotics, no patient had peritonitis within 10 days or had microbial growth from the dialysate fluid which was collected if there was a positive Multistix test for leukocytes (15 ¥ 10 4 leukocytes/L), or findings of fibrin veils and threads. In the control group, six patients had microbial growth and four of these developed peritonitis ( Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, alfa-Streptococcus, Clostridium fragilis , Diptheroid rods and a combined culture of S. epidermidis and Enterobacter spp. ). No statistical information was published in this study (ie. no p value). 1 Gadallah et al. randomised 221 patients over 6 years to receive either prophylactic vancomycin 1 gm IV 12 hours before catheter placement (86), cefazolin 1 gm 3 hours before the procedure (85) or no antibiotics (83). There was significantly less peritonitis at 14 days in the vancomycin group and the cefazolin group compared with the group not given antibiotics (1% vs 7% vs 12%, p = 0.02). Single-dose vancomycin was superior to single-dose cefazolin, however, peritonitis was only documented for the first 14 days. 2


The Local Area Augmention System(LAAS) is an augmentation of the Global Positioning System to allow for precision approach and landing at airports.The LGF includes a small collection(typically 3 to 4) of GPS reference receivers and antennas placed at precisely known locations, observes all of the satellites and sends the observed data to unit of processing.Finally, the corrections ,along with integrity parameters and approach-path information,are broadcast to approaching aircraft via a Very High Frequency(VHF) data link.When a satellite failed, the availability and integrity will change.The value of VPL will decrease when one of only five visible satellites failed.But, when the visible satellites were six or more, the value of VPL change infinitesimally, and increase sometimes.The integrity is also correlation to the distribution of GPS.


Foundations of multiphasic and porous materials.- Modelling of saturated thermo-elastic porous solids with different phase temperatures.- Micropolar mixture models on the basis of the Theory of Porous Media.- Elasto-plastic behaviour of a granular material with an additional scalar degree of freedom.- Mechanical aspect on drying of wet porous media.- Coupling between the evolution of a deformable porous medium and the motion of fluids in the connected porosity.- Fixed negative charges modulate mechanical behaviours and electrical signals in articular cartilage under unconfined compression - a triphasic paradigm.- Time adaptive analysis of saturated soil by a discontinuous-Galerkin method.- Biphasic description of viscoelastic foams by use of an extended Ogden-type formulation.- Experimental measurement of electrical conductivity and electro-osmotic permeability of ionised porous media.- Theory and numerics of localization in a fluid-saturated elasto-plastic porous medium.- Geometrical and material non-linear analysis of fully and partially saturated porous media.- Waves in poroelastic half space: Boundary element analyses.- Multicomponent reactive transport modelling: Applications to ore body genesis and environmental hazards.- A numerical model and its finite element solution for multiphase flow: Application to pulp and paper processing.- Author Index.


Universal Health Coverage (UHC) has received renewed attention in Global Health because it is seen as the vehicle to deliver goal 3 of the SDGs of having all people receiving quality health services without financial hardships by 2030. Despite strong political pronouncements about commitments to UHC both at national and county levels, the status of UHC in Busia County is unknown. This study assessed the planning, implementation and management of UHC in Angoromo ward based on the four categories of essential services namely Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health; Infectious Diseases; Non-Communicable Diseases; and, Service Capacity and Access. A cross – sectional descriptive and analytical study design was used. A systematic sample size of 103 heads of households was taken. Data collection methods used included document analysis, interviews and key informant interviews. Quantitative data was analysed using the SPSS social science programme while qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis. The study found that initiation of UHC had not taken place in Angoromo ward. This was attributed to the poor leadership and governance in the Department of Health at the County level. Despite this finding, the study found that UHC in Angoromo wards stood at 50%, no data was available for Busia County. The study recommends that issues of leadership and governance be addressed urgently; establishment of a disease surveillance system at Alupe Hospital which has served as treatment Centre for cross border diseases including Covid-19 and Ebola; and that a comprehensive county-wide UHC study be conducted to establish the status of UHC in Busia County.


It is maintained that the phenomenon of entanglement, as presented by Bohm, admits, for every observation, a subjective interpretation which is free from action at a distance or superluminal transmission of information.


and flutter in high winds, Thus the assesment of wind forces is an important prerequisite for designing roofs, especially for designing suspended roofs and shel]s which are inherently light and vulnerable to the action of winds. Trminger & Nokkentved [1936] and Jensen & Frank [1965] had carried out wind tunnel studies of wind forces on roofs. However, the studies had been confined te the static wind forces, because the dynamic nature of the wind forces as well as its effects en roofs had not been fully understood and


One kind of abrasive wear of magnetic heads is characterized by the generation of a lot of small scratches (typical dimensions: 0.1 μm) due to hard particles embedded in the tape. After scratching, the outer head surface is left under a very high compressive stress (up to 3000 N/mm2in ferrites) which greatly change the magnetic properties of the material. This gives rise to a decreasing short-wavelength sensitivity due to a more or less non-magnetic layer on the head surface.


Flooded rice fields provide important habitat for many wetland bird species in Japan (Maeda 1998). The Painted Snipe (Rostratula benghalensis benghalensis) is one such species dependent on rice fields. The natural habitat of this species is lowland freshwater wetland, but in central and western Japan it is usually found breeding in areas of rice cultivation. The Painted Snipe population in Japan is strongly associated with rice cultivation, thus changes in rice fields, as a result of changing agricultural practices and policies, may affect their status either positively or negatively. However, the cryptic plumage, and the secretive behavior, of the Painted Snipe makes field investigation of this species difficult (Cramp & Simmons 1982, Kirwan 1996), and as a result there is insufficient information on their habitat requirements, movements and migration, or population size to be able to compare their current status with that in the past. Although it is not realistic to conduct visual surveys of Painted Snipes in their rice field habitat during the breeding season, it is possible to census them on the basis of their calling activity. In this reverse-sex-role species, the females give regular display calls, thus auditory censuses of female display calls are a convenient and efficient way of recording the distribution and relative abundance of breeding females. Bird censuses are subjected to various biases, thus it is necessary to understand the attributes of bias and to design a census methodology that is most efficient for the species being studied (Bibby et al. 1992). Descriptive studies of the vocal behavior of Painted Snipes were reported by Kobayashi (1954, 1955), and some censuses have been conducted using display calls (unpublished). However, quantitative information about the frequency of display calls, which is fundamental to designing any auditory census for this species, has not been presented yet. In this paper, I report on the seasonal variation in timing, frequency and duration of display calls of female Painted Snipes in rice fields in Japan.


A method to solve redesign (inverse design) problems of complex structures with forced response amplitude constraints is developed. The assumption is made that a structure is excited by harmonic external forces at a given frequency. The problem is to find optimum values of structural characteristics in order to achieve a desired level of forced response at one or several locations on the structure. The method of large admissible perturbations (LEAP) is used. The main advantage of LEAP is that a solution of the inverse problem can be found automatically without trial and error or repetitive finite element analyses. Using this method, algorithms with modal dynamic constraints and static displacement constraints have been developed and tested in the past. In this paper the redesign problem with forced response amplitude constraints is formulated. The method consists of two distinctive parts. First, the general perturbation equations are derived. They provide relations between the original structure S1, which is known and has undesired forced response amplitudes, and the unknown objective structure S2. Second, the redesign problem is solved by an incremental prediction-correction scheme, which permits large changes in redesign. Structural damping is considered in the form of Rayleigh damping. Under this formulation the damping matrix can be diagonalized by use of the real mode shapes of the undamped structure, which leads to the derivation of an exact perturbation equation with no loss of accuracy. Modal dynamic and static constraints may also be imposed simultaneously by the designer. The algorithm produces accurate results for large changes in response amplitude without additional finite element analyses. The number of extracted modes and the increment size control the accuracy of the results and the computational time. The importance of the choice of the objective function is discussed, and examples are presented.


In ergodic quantum systems, physical observables have a non-relaxing component if they "overlap" with a conserved quantity. In interacting microscopic models, how to isolate the non-relaxing component is unclear. We compute exact dynamical correlators governed by a Hamiltonian composed of two large interacting random matrices, $H=A+B$. We analytically obtain the late-time value of $\langle A(t) A(0) \rangle$; this quantifies the non-relaxing part of the observable $A$. The relaxation to this value is governed by a power-law determined by the spectrum of the Hamiltonian $H$, independent of the observable $A$. For Gaussian matrices, we further compute out-of-time-ordered-correlators (OTOCs) and find that the existence of a non-relaxing part of $A$ leads to modifications of the late time values and exponents. Our results follow from exact resummation of a diagrammatic expansion and hyperoperator techniques.


The name of the present invention is a control method and a database query. The present invention relates generally to a database query and control method, particularly to a method for identification and backward identification in the database and a method of recursively query association model in the database. The present invention also discloses a method for the query query results obtained by the method of displaying.


The surface interactions of the thermodynamically stable oxides of the firstrow transition metals with hydrazine, N2H4, have been assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (X.p.s.), and the observed reactivity explained on the basis of the oxides' thermodynamic and acid–base properties. Microgravimetry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X.p.s. studies of copper(II) oxide (CuO) reduction by hydrazine indicate morphological changes associated with enhanced reactivity. Comparison of hydrazine and hydrogen reduction treatments shows that CuO reduction by hydrazine is more spontaneous and provides a greater increase in surface area than does hydrogen at similar reaction conditions.


Melt treatment of aluminum alloys are typically carried out in transfer furnaces prior to casting. Depending on the size of the crucible and the volume of the castings, the melt may be led to remain in the liquid state up to two hours. It is well known that as the holding period is increased, the effect of modifiers fade away. In this work, the mechanism of this fading effect has been investigated for the first time by means of melt cleanliness. Reduced pressure test was used to measure bifilm index of the melt. Al-19Si was used and two temperatures were selected: 725C and 800C. Hydrogen content of the melt was measured by AlSPEK and excess amount of Al-15Sr modifier was added once the desired temperature was reached. Samples were collected every 20 minutes up to two hours and the microstructural results (i.e. efficiency of modification) was correlated with bifilm index (melt quality).


Oil drilling in sensitive contact with water, becomes required the use of oil base drilling fluids. In these cases, organoclays are used, which are made from clay bentonite purified and treated with surfactants addition. The use of the hydrocyclone can be a effective tool and affordable for purifying clays in industrial scale. This work aims to study the purification of clays bentonite using a hydrocyclone, aiming to develop organoclays for use in oil base drilling fluids. The characterizations of the samples of clays - Brasgel PA and Chocolate - were performed using the techniques: laser diffraction granulometric analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence chemical analysis. The characterization of organoclays obtained was accomplished through the follwing methods: XRD, TG and Foster swelling test modification. The results show that the purification process was effective in reducing impurities in the bentonite and organoclay treated with purified Praepagen WB and Imidazoline Oleic Vegetable shows Foster swelling values with, ester, diesel and paraffin higher than those obtained with organoclays without purification (natural) and showing greater affinity for the surfactant Praepagen WB.


The classical kinetic energy theorem of rigid body fixed-axis rotation cannot correctly reflect non-conservative force doing dissipative work, non-conservative reacting force doing equivalent dissipative work at the same time, instead convert the system's mechanical energy into the non-mechanical energy of the bearer. Now these defects are overcome by the new kinetic energy theorem of rigid body fixed-axis rotation.The meaning of new kinetic energy theorem of rigid body fixed-axis rotation is interpreted, the procedures to solve practical problems on new kinetic energy theorem of rigid body fixed-axis rotation and computing methods of the terms in the new kinetic energy theorem of rigid body fixed-axis rotation are studied, as well as the physical significance of the results is described.


The modular multilevel converter (MMC) mainly run at power frequency (50 or 60Hz) especially in the field of HVDC field. The disadvantage of cell capacitor voltage fluctuation at low frequency blocks the kind of convertor applied at AC motor drive. This paper uses a set of control novel scheme to restrain the fluctuation and make MMC to drive induction motor running from standstill to grid frequency.


Adams, John W. "Anthropology and History In the 1980s: Consensus, Community, and Exoticism." Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 12 (1981), 253-65. Adler, Louise. "Historiography in Britain: 'Une Histoire en Construction'" in RH, 243-53. Adorno, Rolena. "Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala: an Andean View of the Peruvian Vicroyalty, 1565-1615." Journal de la Societe des Ameriaanistes, 65 (1978), 121-43. Adorno, Rolena. "Of Caciques, Coyas, and Kings: The Intricacies of Point of View." Dispositio, no. 10 (1979), 27-47. Alessandri, Giovanni. "Metodologia storica di Fernand Braudel." La oivilta cattoliaa, 130 (1979), 133-47. Alessandro, Alessandro d'. "II mito dell'origine 'aramea' di Firenze in un trattatello di Giambattista Gelli." Arohivio Storiao Italiano, 138 (1980), 330-89. Allan, Sarah. The Heir and the Sage. Dynastic Legend in Early China. San Francisco, 1981. Allan, Sarah. "Sons of Suns: Myth and Totemism in Early China." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 44 (1981), 290-326. Allen, Barbara. From Memory to History: Using Oral Sources in Local Historical Research. Nashville, 1981. Allen, Barbara. "Personal Point of View in Orally Communicated History." Western Folklore, 38 (1979), 110-18. Allen, Bryant J. and Andrew W. Wood. "Legendary Volcanic Eruptions and the Huli, Papua New Guinea." Journal of the Polynesian Society, 89 (1980), 341-47. Alter, Robert. "Sacred History and Prose Fiction" in CSL, 7-24. Althoff, Gerd. "Studien zur habsburgischen Merowingersage." Mitteilungen des Instituts fur osterreichische Geschichtsforschung, 87 (1979), 71-101. Amory, Frederic. "The Viking Hasting in Franco-Scandinavian Legend" in Saints, Scholars, and Heroes. Studies in Medieval Culture in Honor of Charles W. Jones. 2 vols.: Collegeville, Minnesota, 1979, 2:265-86. Andaya, Barbara W. and Virginia Matheson. "Islamic Thought and Malay Tradition: The Writings of Raja Ali Haji or Riau (ea. 1809-ea. 1870)" in PPSA, 108-28. Andaya, Leonard Y. "A Village Perception of Arung Palakka and the Makassar War of 1666-69" in PPSA, 360-78. Anderson, Benedict 0. "A Time of Darkness and a Time of Light: Transposition in Early Indonesian Nationalist Thought" in


The bone age of a child indicates the skeletal and biological maturity of an individual. The most commonly applied clinical methods for Bone Age Assessment (BAA) are based on the visual examination of ossification of individual bones in radiographs of the left hand and the wrist by comparing with standard hand atlas. This kind of method is highly subjective and the performance extremely depends on practitioners' experiences. This paper investigates the use of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) for the automatic bone age assessment. As there exists no large-scale annotated medical image dataset comparable to ImageNet for medical image analysis, this paper uses transfer learning within DCNNs to perform bone age classifications making full use of advantages of DCNNs. We define various Regions of Interest (ROIs) based on domain knowledge, for each of which a local bone age classification model is achieved by fine-tuning the pre-trained VGGNet with corresponding ROI patches. A final bone age classification is obtained by fusing multiple regional models. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the current state-of-the-art classification methods in BAA with small dataset.


A novel material MonoTrap was launched as a adsorbent for headspace sampling to extract volatile compounds in steamed Coilia ectenes meat. The volatile compounds in Yangtze river-ciolia,East sea-ciolia and Yellow river-ciolia were identified by GC-MS. The relative odor activity value(ROAV) in association with odor threthod were applied to confirm the principal aroma compouds in three kinds of steamed Coilia ectenes meat.The odor characteristics and formation mechanism of these compounds were also analyzed. The results indicated that trimethylamine(fishy) 1-octen-3-ol(mushroom),hexanal(green),nonanal(green,fatty),decanal(green,wax) and dimethyl trisulfide(garlic,sulfurous) were the principal aroma compounds in steamed meat Yangtze river-Coilia. Trimethylamine(fishy),1-octen-3-ol(mushroom),hexanal(green),nonanal(green,fatty) and decanal( green, wax) were the principal aroma compounds in steamed meat East sea- Coilia. Trimethylamine(fishy),nonanal(green,fatty),2-nonenal(green,oily),2,4-decadienal(fatty,oily),and dimethyl trisulfide(garlic,sulfurous) were the principal aroma compounds in steamed meat Yellow river-Coilia.


Kimchi and soup/stew samples were collected from Korean restaurants in the Jeonju area and their salinity levels were analysed. Restaurant owners were also surveyed to assess their salt acceptability and attitudes. The average salinity of the Kimchi samples was 2.00.4% and that of the soup/stew samples was 1.00.3%. The average salinity of the soup samples was 0.90.2% and that of the stew samples was 1.10.3%, and the average salinity of the stews was significantly higher than that of the soups (p0.2% and that of clear soups was 0.80.2%, in which the average salinity of the bean-paste soups was significantly higher than that of the clear soups (p


This text is designed to help students approach research in English Language studies. It sets out some of the major issues in English Language research and suggests where to look for more information and ideas.


The case records of 20 dogs and 5 cats that were managed by open peritoneal drainage for generalized peritonitis were reviewed. Although the underlying causes varied, diffuse septic peritonitis was present in all animals. The abdominal incision was closed loosely at the time of the first surgical procedure, and a sterile abdominal wrap was maintained throughout the postoperative period. The abdomen was closed completely in a second surgical procedure performed 2 to 9 days later.

The overall mortality rate was 48%. Most deaths occurred before secondary closure of the abdomen was performed. Complications of open peritoneal drainage were hypopro-teinemia and nosocomial contamination.


policies and that misguided political orientation undermines industrial efficiency. Mr. Ord directs attention to startling differences in production rates in Great Britain, Continental European countries, and the United States, the United States producing sometimes several times as much as other countries with similar amounts of labor. Neither abundant resources nor modern methods in America are the most significant causes of this difference, according to the author. He believes that in Europe, a slow work pace and large overhead management, making for an inefficient bureaucracy, are far more significant reasons, and that these conditions resulted


Discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) has been applied to the visualization of data gathered during canine epicardial and transmural mapping studies. It is found that this method facilitates the mapping of reentrant pathways and the three-dimensional mapping of electrical potentials and potential gradients measuring transmurally during defibrillation shocks. It easily customizes the interpolation criteria to an application. A variation of J.L. Mallet's (1989) interpolation criteria which is suitable for transmural mapping is proposed. These criteria can be used for the first three dimensions and a new set of criteria would be used for the fourth dimension, allowing interpolation to be performed with one set of simultaneous equations. Discontinuities are easily incorporated into the DSI model.<<ETX>>


The experiment was conducted in Agana, Guam, on mango seedlings of varying ages. Experimental sprays were applied to run-off to single-tree plots in a completely randomized design with 5 replications. The trees were mixed varieties of about 2 yr old and 4-6 ft high. Materials were applied by backpack sprayer 26 Mar; 2, 9, and 21 Apr; and 8 and 14 May. At 30 and 60 DAT new shoots were counted.


To overcome the limitations of both discrete variable (DV) and continuous variable (CV) QKD protocols, in this paper, a hybrid DV-CV QKD protocol is proposed. In the proposed hybrid QKD protocol, Alice simultaneously performs discrete modulation (DM)-based encoding for CV-QKD subsystem and time-phase encoding for DV-QKD on a transmitter side. On receiver side, Bob employs a 1:2 optical space switch to select either DV-QKD receiver or CV-QKD receiver with the optimized probability of selection. Bob further performs the classical postprocessing applied to both subsystems so that resulting joint secure key is derived from both subsystems. The proposed hybrid QKD protocol significantly outperforms previously introduced both Gaussian modulation (GM)- and DM-based CV-QKD protocols as well as DV-QKD protocols in terms of both secret-key rate (SKR) and achievable transmission distance.


The concentration-depth behavior of Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, and P in three sediment cores from a central site in Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland, was examined for changes in the sedimentary flux of these elements. Two main periods of change were found. A change in the catchment erosion-leaching regime in the 17th century, caused by widespread and comprehensive woodland clearance, produced increased sedimentary Mg, Cu, and Pb concentrations. A second and larger change occurred after about 1880 A.D. Cr, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb, and P, and , to a lesser extent, Ni concentrations increase toward the sediment surface. Differing P and trace-metal profiles, a comparison of the estimated anthropogenic sedimentary flux with background atmospheric contributions, and a general comparison with other situations all suggest that background atmospheric sources make a substantial contribution to the more recent Cu, Zn, Hg, and Pb sedimentary contamination. The trace-metal contamination of Lough Neagh is part of a global pattern.


[%metadata%] Chris Meibusch Toowoomba News and views of Molested and Abused Catholics on the Royal Commission into child sexual abuse


Regular readers will know that we often use this space to comment on the way that patients flow through the emergency department, whether they are discharged or admitted. In doing so we take note of (and occasionally pass comment on) the many and varied solutions put forward by different organisations to try and improve this problem. The title of this month's editorial is the same as that given to a thoughtful paper published in the British Medical Journal in September last year;1 in effect, it is an essay questioning current dogma on how we approach the issue and offers guidelines for future strategies and is well worth studying.

Here is a precis of some of its messages:


The comparison of biological characteristics and antagonistic test among five Ganoderma lucidum strains were done,namely hybridization,G8,Bendi,Sanming,and Guang No.1,to sift the Ganoderma lucidum of high quality.G8 and Bendi were selected.Their characters showed that mycelial growing of mother cultures and original spawn was faster,with whiter,thicker and tidier mycelium.Growing with high yield and spore-producing ability,high biological efficiency and better biological characteristics were better than the others,which were suitable to be popularized in local production.


With neoliberal reforms and economic globalization, much of the regulation of food and agriculture is shifting from the state to the private sphere. Building on Busch's work on science, the state, and the market, this paper examines the ways in which the governance of food and agriculture has become increasingly scientized with the use of third-party certification (TPC). TPC is a rule-based governance mechanism that consists of technical rules and procedures, which are based on scientific norms and practices. Using longitudinal research on an organic shrimp project in Indonesia, this paper examines the practices of TPC. Specifically, the focus is on the extent to which the practices of TPC correspond to its rules and thus, whether or not politics and interests are removed from governance. My findings indicate that the rules of TPC are not sufficient for the removal of politics and interests. Rather, they often push them backstage. In concluding, I contend that forms of rule-based scientific governance, such as TPC, separate the governance of food and agriculture from their production and consumption. The outcome is potentially a political, yet undemocratic, form of food and agricultural governance where science functions to mask politics. In The Eclipse of Morality, Busch (2000) argued that society has become increasingly ordered and dominated by three Leviathans: science, the state, and the market. Using the foundational works of Bacon, Hobbes, and Smith, he suggested that underlying the establishment of each of these institutions was the belief that individuals could not maintain order in society and thus, an extra-human force – science, the state, or the market – was necessary. Busch contended that these largely undemocratic institutions have had mixed results for society. On the one hand, there have been tremendous increases in knowledge and technology, significant expansion of global wealth, and improvements in social welfare. On the other hand, science has often benefitted special interests and not the public good. Rising income inequality globally indicates that capitalist markets often benefit a small elite at the expense of the great majority, and states often do not represent all of their constituents equally. In contemporary society, the three Leviathans have coalesced in a historically unique manner with the emergence of current forms of governance. With neoliberal reforms and economic globalization, much of the regulation is now shifting from the state to the private sphere, that is, from government to governance (Busch 2010; Hatanaka and Busch 2008; Higgins and Lawrence 2005; Jessop 2002; Marsden et al. 2010; Stoker 1998; Swyngedouw, Page, and Kaika 2002). This means that,


In order to help domestic enterprises develop and find a suitable organizational mode, the paper conducts an analysis of different organizational modes adopted by advanced foreign enterprises.


Birth asphyxia is the main cause of death in newborns and is an emetgency situation that need immediate action. In Indonesia more than 60% of deliveries are attended by traditional birth attendants. Although infant mortality has decline significantly in the last decade, the neonatal component of IMR however remain the same. The ddinition of birth asphyxia recommended by World Health Organization is: A newborn infant who does not cry and who does not breath or has poor breathing efforts soon after birth. The paper present the result of a field study conducted in Tanjungsari (West ..Java). The study is part of a multicountry study conducted in four countries organized by World Health Organization. TBAs were trained in the basic steps of resuscitation starting from drying, stimulation, suction and providing. Positive Pressure Ventilation using a tube and mask device on infants with birth asphyxia Community midwives were trained in the same procedure and additional training for cardiac massage. Tqm work between TBA and CM was stressed. More infants with birtl1 asphyxia survive, one fr sh Still born infant survive after vigorous resuscitation. Although the result looks promising, close supervision and regular refreshing courses are necessary to have a significant impact on neonatal mortality.


Despite major advances in treatment and risk stratification, cardiovascular disease remains highly prevalent in modern society. Activation and progression of pathways involved in adverse myocardial and vascular remodelling occur in an age-dependent manner. Indeed, epidemiological studies have consistently shown age to be independently associated with increased lifetime cardiovascular risk, particularly with regard to coronary artery disease and its complications. Structural remodelling in the ageing heart, particularly the left atrium, creates a morphological substrate for the development of atrial fibrillation, the most common sustained arrhythmia and notably more prevalent in older patients. Concomitant atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease commonly occur in everyday clinical practice. Both conditions are associated with thrombotic complications, e.g. coronary thrombosis in acute coronary syndrome or after stent implantation, while atrial fibrillation confers increased risk of stroke. Antithrombotic therapy is of the highest priority therefore, but with consideration of different thrombotic pathways.


A new paradigm involving evolution and change through the concept of dissipative structures has been developed in recent years in the physical sciences. This paradigm has profound implications for prediction, for design, and for models which purport to explain how complex systems develop. The potential of these ideas is illustrated by showing how the concept of evolution through bifurcation can be used to explain the development of form. Particular reference is made to origami, which clearly shows how the new theory involves qualitative rather than quantitative change. These ideas are further illustrated through models of the evolution of microeconomic markets and urban systems.


According to the press release of the German Federal Health Institute in 1990, increased vitamin A contents in liver could be responsible for a higher risk of teratogenic effects if pregnant women are consuming liver or liver containing products too often. In liver sausages containing an average content of 10 to 30 % pork liver the effects of the processing steps on the vitamin A contents were investigated. The main tasks were the determination of vitamin A losses during the processing and the measurement of vitamin A in the heated liver sausages. Therefore, the vitamin A contents were analysed in samples taken at five different processing steps. With the HPLC method the isomer all-transretinol and 13-cis-retinol could be determined separately. Vitamin A contents in liver ranged between 19.70 and 38.20 mg/100 g and in liver sausages between 4.99 and 11.26 mg/100 g. During the heating process of the liver sausage batter no significant reduction of the vitamin A contents was observed.


The invention discloses an MDOF (Multiple Degree Of Freedom) pitch control mechanism of tightening shafts. The MDOF pitch control mechanism is characterized in that multiple groups of servo driving mechanisms are arranged in the same plane, and the multiple groups of servo driving mechanisms are used for mutually and independently driving each tightening shaft to reach a set position. According to the MDOF pitch control mechanism disclosed by the invention, a tightening machine can be adapted to tightening of various bolts which are irregularly arranged, the MDOF pitch control mechanism is particularly suitable for automatic tightening of bolts of a bearing seat of a main speed reducer, and larger flexibility is obtained.


The engine weight, mass properties data, and engine design criteria and specifications are presented for a 1.2 million-lb sea-level thrust pressure-fed LOX/RP-1 engine. Engine trade study weight data are included.


The importance of reliable and adaptable networks has become increasingly relevant with the escalation of connectivity in our lives. The growth of streaming of entertainment and development of always online software has created an environment of large data flows that need to be handled efficiently. Historically this problem has been solved with hardware-based load-balancers. These solutions often times are expensive and lack flexibility and scalability. With the use of Software-Defined Networking, a more dynamic solution can be created to meet network load balancing needs. We propose a Smart and adaptable network design seeking to utilize network resources more efficiently by identifying traffic patterns and analyzing network metric to dynamically build virtual slices. With this design, we were able to solve the aforementioned issues through minimizing packet loss, maximizing network link utilization, and efficiently reduce the load on the controller. Received on 12 May 2018; accepted on 14 May 2018; published on 23 August 2018


Rich clusters of galaxies are a common feature of the large-scale structure of the Universe. Those studied so far, show striking regularities with (a) a smooth radial gradient of number density. (b) 'isothermal' distributions, which according to Bahcall (1975) have a scatter of only ±15% in the size of their characteristic core radii. (c) their limiting structural diameters are ~50 Mpc (cf. Abell, 1975), if they are identified with superclusters. (d) the magnitude of the velocity dispersion about their centres is generally 600-1000 km s-1, and the velocities are cpnsistent with a gaussian distribution (Yahil and Vidal, 1976; also Faber and Dressier, 1976). (e) The extreme velocities are generally within ±3000 km s-1, and for Coma are ∼2400 km s-1 (Tifft and Gregory, 1976). (f) elliptical galaxies tend to predominate near the centre, spirals in the surrounding loose groups.


The onset of labor and premature delivery has been widely studied in recent years.Uterine smooth muscle is highly concordant while delivery,exciting signals transmit among myometrial smooth muscle cells,which is the basis of the onset of labor.This particular signal transduction is completed by the Connexin-43 (Cx43) in the uterine smooth muscle cells.Studies have found that corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays an important role in the uterine contraction and onset of labor.CRH level is positively correlated with the expression of Cx43 in pregnant women.However,research has shown that only the phosphorylated Cx43 construes functional gap junctional channel.It is hypothesized that CRH may influence Cx43 and its phophorylation in human myometrial smooth muscle cells and thus initiate delivery.


The recent sharp decline in the cost of photovoltaic (PV) systems has led to a significant increase in the amount of electricity generated by PV in the power grid. However, the integration of PV systems into the grid poses challenges to grid reliability, operation, and stability, which must be addressed. To study the dynamics of PV systems and minimize risks to grid reliability, various models have been developed using positive sequence simulations. Nonetheless, these simulations have limitations in identifying possible performance issues, which can be addressed by using electromagnetic transient (EMT) modeling and studies. In this study, a multi-level control architecture for a PV plant is proposed, including low-level, local-level, and plant-level controllers, to investigate the operation of a utility-scale PV plant within an EMT simulation platform. A case study of a utility-scale PV power plant, featuring PV arrays and a DC boost converter interface with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, is designed in PSCAD/EMTDC. The implemented PV model is extensively tested and validated against field data from a utility-scale PV system.


Many threatened species worldwide rely on patches of remnant vegetation in private landholdings. To establish private reserves that contribute effectively to conservation involves a wide range of complex and interacting ecological, legal, social and financial factors. These can be seen as a series of successive hurdles, each with multiple bars, which must all be surmounted. The golden lion tamarin, Leontopithecus rosalia, is restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This forest is largely cleared. There are many small remnant patches on private lands, able to support tamarins. Local NGO's have successfully used limited funds to contribute to tamarin conservation in a highly cost effective way. We examined the mechanisms by analysing documents and interviewing landholders and other stakeholders. We found that the local NGOs successfully identified landholdings where ecological, legal, social and some financial hurdles had already been crossed, and helped landholders over the final financial hurdle by funding critical cost components. This cost <5% of the price of outright land purchase. This approach is scaleable for golden lion tamarin elsewhere within the Atlantic Forest biome, and applicable for other species and ecosystems worldwide.


The spin transfer torque efficiency was determined experimentally by observing the current-driven domainwall depinning of Pt/CoFe/Pt nanowires with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The depinning time was exponentially proportional to the applied magnetic field, and was well explained by the Neel-Brown formula. The depinning time and threshold magnetic field were varied considerably by injecting current into the nanowire. The spin transfer torque efficiency was estimated to be (7.2±0.9)×10 ?15 T㎡/A from the linear dependence of the threshold current density with respect to the applied magnetic field.


The purpose of this study is to examine the stock performance of firms that have spun-off a business in the 21 st century. The Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS) was used to identify all spin-offs occurring from 2000 to 2009 as well as to collect return data for the companies. These returns were then measured against two benchmarks, the S&P 500 as well as each firms sector in the S&P 500, to evaluate the performance of the firms. These findings will demonstrate whether spin-offs display the same fast growth and high takeover activity as was found in studies of more dated spin-offs.


The purpose of this paper is to give a non-technical and elementary introduction to the fundamental ideas underlying quantum tunneling, quantum computation, quantum annealing and related topics. We start with the most basic terms such as superposition and tunneling, we then motivate the search for quantum computers. Next we use a toy model to demonstrate the notion of annealing, both classical and quantum. We end with a more formal review of some well-known results. ARTICLE


The effective way to control generation cost of hydropower plant is those:①strengthening idea on cost budget;②perfecting cost control system;③enforcing cost accounting;④carrying forward achievements management;⑤implementing objective responsibilty system.


There are many advantages with Keyence company's KV series PLC,such as visual and high prosperity.It is being widely used in control industry.When I developed the labeling-machine,I use visual Basic 6.0 environment implement KV-1000 series PLC and PC communication,which was attach perfect result.


The paper especially applies the method of pre sent value returns ,the most common method in in tan gi ble as sets eval uation,to theoretical and practical re search on the two kinds of individual assets:techni -cal and mar keting intangible assets.It builds new math ematical models to the determination of discount rate in the method of present value returns and pre-sents the method of Interbrand to the ap praisal of brand.


In recent decade, industry had started to use intensively 3D simulation in turbine flow path and its components design. At the same time, this remains a very labor- and time-consumable process that sufficiently hampers its usage, whereas unidimensional and axisymmetric analyses are still widely used in the industry practice. A comparison of the data obtained from experiments conducted on a single stage air turbine test model with the results of 1D and 2D modeling and 3D simulation using a CFD solver was performed. The results were analyzed to validate a judgement of the authors that along with 3D CFD methods the low-fidelity models can be successfully used for turbine flow path optimization with the help of DoE methods. The forthcomings and advantages of different models are also discussed.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


Ni/NiO core/shell nanoparticles having high affinity with polyhistidine were synthesized by decomposition of a Ni surfactant complex followed by air oxidation. Ni/NiO nanoparticles showed selective and efficient binding to histidine-tagged proteins and easy separation by using a magnet. These provided a more convenient way to efficient purification of histidine-tagged proteins compared with the conventional Ni-NTA complex-bound resins and microbeads.


In this article we will construct plastic number in a heuristic way, explaining its relation to human perception in three-dimensional space through architectural style of Dom Hans van der Laan. Furthermore, it will be shown that the plastic number and the golden ratio special cases of more general definition. Finally, we will explain how van der Laan's discovery relates to perception in pitch space, how to define and tune Padovan intervals and, subsequently, how to construct chromatic scale temperament using the plastic number.


High statistics data for the reaction K-p + K-?r+n at 11 GeV/c have been obtained in the LASS spectrometer at SLAC. A spherical harmonic moments analysis provides clear evidence for the production of the complete leading orbitally excited K* series up through Jp = 5-. New measurements are made of the masses and widths of the l-K* (892)) 2+ K* (1430)) 3-K* (1780)) and 4+ K*(2060) , and evidence is presented for the production of a new K* state at 2382 MeV/c2 with spin-parity 5-. Previous studies of the reaction K-p + K-r+n (1) have proved to be especially fruitful in elucidating the structure of the strange meson system. This final state is topologically very simple, contains contributions from only natural spin-parity meson decays, and has a large cross section which is dominated by x exchange at small values of momentum transfer (t' = t-tmin) [l]. These features have allowed clear observations to be made of the three lowest-mass orbitally (L) excited K* states [the spin-parity l-K*(892), the 2+ K*(1430), and the 3-K*(1780)]; in addition, evidence for the next L-excitation, the 4+ K*(2060) [l-3] has been obtained. However, at higher mass, the increasingly inelastic nature of K?r scattering, coupled with experimental limitations of acceptance and sensitivity, has prevented any observation of the continuation of the L-excitation series which is predicted by the quark model. In this paper, results are presented from a spherical harmonic moments analysis of the K-d system in reaction (1) using new high statistics (4 events/nb) data at 11 GeV/c incident momentum obtained with the LASS spectrometer at SLAC. New measurements of the masses and widths of the l-K* (892), 2+ K* (1430)) 3-K* (1780), and 4+ K* (2060) are made, and evidence is presented for a new 5-K* state. The LASS spectrometer contains a superconducting solenoid vertex detector, a downstream dipole spectrometer and a variety of charged particle detectors, as discussed in detail in ref. 4. The spectrometer provides nearly 47r geometrical acceptance with good momentum resolution for a wide range of momenta. The trigger system for this experiment is designed to accept nearly all events with two or more charged secondaries emerging from 2 the target and is defined by requiring two or more hits in PWC detectors which surround. the target. After event reconstruction, candidates for reaction (1) are chosen from the two prong, charge-zero events by requiring the missing mass squared of the …


In this paper,the inferential reasoning process of the space-time code design criteria is introduced in the frequency non-selective slow fading channels.Some performance analysis and comparison of several existing space-time codes are also done.Through reconstructing the DBOAST space-time block code,a new performance optimal space-time code called ABCD is proposed,in this case that there are 4 transmit antennas,which can achieve a rate of 2 symbols pcu and get full diversity.The new code combines the structure characteristics of Alamouti and Threaded Algebraic Space-Time(TAST) Block Codes.The simulation results show that the ABCD code provides larger second-order mutual information and thus is of a superior performance.


OBJECTIVE: To establish informationalized hospital pharmaceutical care system and to improve pharmaceutical care level. METHODS: Based on the latest principles on pharmaceutical care, the data of clinical pharmacy, pharmaceutical administration, and pharmaceutical information were gathered to form informationalized hospital pharmaceutical care system by means of Hospital Informations System and local area network with the support of network technology. RESULTS: More than one pharmaceutical databases have been built up, due to which, services including the inquiring, collection, and distribution of information, the production of medication history, streaming media teaching, doctor- pharmacist( inpatients) online visit and doctor- patient( outpatients) online visit were available. Meanwhile, local area network of pharmaceutical care has been built up and which has extended to the internet. CONCLUSIONS: The information- based pharmaceutical care is a good work mode in hospital pharmacy.


Oscillations of a wavefield that are locally higher than the bandlimit of the field are known as superoscillations. Superoscillations have to date been studied primarily in coherent wavefields; here we look at superoscillations that appear in the phase of the correlation function in partially coherent Talbot carpets. Utilizing the Talbot effect, it is shown that superoscillations can be propagated into the far field, even under a decrease in spatial coherence. It is also shown that this decrease in spatial coherence can strengthen the superoscillatory behavior at the primary and secondary Talbot images.


The paper offers a communicative analysis of signs and texts of Armenian component in the linguistic landscape of Moscow. It aims to highlight the functions of Armenian signs and texts. There are mastered Armenian names in the onomasticon of Moscow; Armenian characters are present on several city objects. Duplicated in Russian or English, the messages are addressed to urbi et orbi - the residents of the city, native speakers of Armenian and Russian, to migrants from Armenia, to guests of the Western Diaspora; they help them to "get in touch" with the city. The Armenian alphabet on several objects of the city has a symbolic function. Signs of a dynamic landscape serve to maintain contact and express solidarity. The paper focuses on the problems of language contacts in a modern megalopolis, preservation functions of a minority language in the environment of a dominant one.


Objective: To evaluate the effect of interferon γ (IFNγ) on interleukin-1β (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-promoted prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and to investigate the interaction of IFNγ and IL-1 on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, as well as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in human myometrical cells. Methods: An immortalized human myometrial cell line was cultured in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (DMEM) fortified with 10% (v/v) fetal calf serum (FCS) in multiwell plates until near confluency. Twenty-four hours before the start of the experiments, the medium was replaced with FCS-free medium containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin. Prostaglandin E2 was determined in the medium with a specific radioimmunoassay having a sensitivity of 10 pg. The COX-2 and NF-κB inhibitory protein (IκB) protein levels were measured in cell extracts by Western blot. Results: Cell cultures primed with IFNγ produced significantly less (P < .05-.01) PGE2 in response to cytokines than cells exposed to IL-1, TNF-α, or the combination of the two. This result corresponded to a similar inhibition of IκB degradation (a prerequisite of NF-κB activation) as well as COX-2 protein steady state levels. Conclusion: Interferon γ acts as a partial antagonist of IL-1 signaling in this cell model at a site upstream from the activation of the NF-κB pathway, causing a partial inhibition of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production.


An InGaAsP (λ=1.3 μm) strip‐buried heterostructure laser with active layer strip widths of 5 μm is described. These devices show stable fundamental‐transverse‐mode operation with linear light‐current characteristics to pulsed output powers over 100 mW. Output powers as high as 500 mW are observed without catastrophic damage, which corresponds to twice the power output at which catastrophic mirror damage occurs for similar GaAlAs SBH lasers. Far‐field beam divergence is approximately 10° and 30° in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the junction, respectively. cw operation with a threshold current of 170 mA has been achieved at room temperature.


Abstract . The process of quality management environment which is based on information obtained from the system for monitoring environmental parameters in recent years has significantly eased, mainly because of the opportunities offered by the networking devices of various types and purposes. Also, the integration of systems for monitoring various environmental parameters with the information systems used in other areas of life, contributes to improving not only the quality of the environment, but also the health and safety of social justice which has as a result to a higher level of overall quality of life and further the model sustainable development. On the other hand, rapid technological development has resulted that in the first decade of this century it began to be called the century of the risk so that the conception react - correct, where the 80-ies of the last century was based problem solving environmental problems, now replaced by the concept of predict - prevent. However, this concept requires a constant increase in the number of environmental parameters that need to be monitored, which has as a result an increasing number of criteria which must be taken into account during evaluation of the quality of the environment. The quality of a decision on the basis of information obtained by the system for monitoring the environment is caused by the mutual relationship between the amount of information and number of monitored environmental parameters. In the monitoring system, particularly in practice, there is the fact that usually the amount of available information that we get from the system is inversely proportional to the number of monitored parameters, which results that the decision often must be made  under conditions of uncertainty. The phenomena that are monitored in the environment are mostly slow changing in time, economic indicators affect on decisions, and the fact the extent to which the heightened awareness of the need to solve the problems that exist in the territory which oversees the system. Therefore, decision-making problem in most cases ultimately comes down to taking responsibility of decision maker that decides to allow investments in technology that brings a profit, but on the other hand to a certain extent threatens the environment.


During the early modern era, there was a big difference in the organization of foreign trade between the Ottoman Empire and Western Europe. In terms of institutional structure, this difference was very significant for the commercial actors in their business in the Eastern Mediterranean (Levant). While the companies and strong organizations were important for the Western Europeans, for the Ottomans, capitulations were the main instruments in the organization of the foreign trade during the mercantilist age. As strategic instruments, capitulations were always crucial for the Ottomans in their economic relations with the European nations. One can easily understand that the privileges played an important role in the establishment of formal economic relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Western Europeans, the French, English and Dutch. However, to the Ottomans the capitulations were more like a decree than a treaty. For the Ottomans, there were also both political and economic aims in granting the capitulations, such as coalition formation in the West, protection of traditional trade routes, securing strategic goods, supporting economy and maximizing the revenue from tax collection. When the Western merchants learnt about the capitulations they increased their business in the Levant. Furthermore, they extended this information to their colleagues in their countries. Thus, new merchants appeared in the Levant and business between the Levant and Western Europe increased. By extending the information about the privileges some merchants gained an advantage while others were faced with disadvantage in the Levant trade. Significant details are recorded regarding the privileges granted to French, English and Dutch merchants, especially concerning the economic activity they carried out in the Ottoman territories. However, the Sublime Porte granted not only economic but also certain political rights to them. According to _ Inalcık, the following provisions concerning the status of non-Muslim merchants in the Ottoman areas were included either explicitly or implicitly in all of the commercial privileges:


The Gibbs phenomenon appears in a discrete Fourier transform due to incomplete periodic@; i. * e., the waveform has not reached a full cycle within its period. Data flipping furnishes a complete periodic cycle to the waveform and thus suppresses the Gibbs phenomenon. This facilitates the design of a digital filter using fast Fourier transform without windowing. The filter does lowpass, bandpass, highpass, bandstop, notch, or single-frequency-pass simply by manipulating the band limits. The filter can be affected by spectral resolution and the slope discontinuity at the end data points. The reduction of such effects and an alternative design are discussed. Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing * Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF005 15.


This study aims to describe and analyze the motions of the Rangguk Dance in terms of the aspects of space, time, and energy. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis method. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature studies, observations or observations, interviews, and documentation. The steps to analyze the data are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The study's results show that the motion of the Rangguk Dance in Seberang Village can be viewed from space, time, and energy. In the spatial aspect of the Rangguk dance, there are ten horizontal lines, six curved lines, and two diagonal lines, so the horizontal lines are dominant, which means that the Rangguk dance has a calm and balanced impression. The volume of the movement of the Rangguk Dance is 14 large volumes and four small volumes, so the dominant volume is the large volume which means it describes enthusiasm. The facing direction in the Rangguk Dance movement is 13 forward and three right diagonals, so the dominant facing direction is towards the front. Meanwhile, the focus of view is on the dominant activity of the Rangguk Dance going forward. The time aspect of the Rangguk Dance is more dominant in the medium tempo with a repetitive rhythm from beginning to end (repetitive) according to the drum accompaniment and the rhymes sung. In the energy aspect of the Rangguk Dance movement, in terms of intensity, there is a lot of integrity in each dance movement which is carried out repeatedly from start to finish, while the dominant pressure is many. Some movements have accents, then the quality that appears is also dominantly strong so that the Ragguk Dance seems enthusiastic and embodies the direction that makes the Rangguk Dance come alive.


In studies of the acoustic properties of speech elements, an advanced spectrum‐analyzing system has been developed to display large quantities of information generated and recorded in real time. The speech signals are frequency‐analyzed by passage through a large bank of filters producing outputs which are sampled at rates high enough to fully preserve the information. The frequency scanning is performed by a unique and flexible process of interpolation that clearly defines and accurately locates spectral energy concentrations. Thus, features such as the formants of vowels are consistently displayed by the analyzer, eliminating the need for additional calculations to determine their frequency locations. The spectral signals are recorded on photographic strip films to provide pictures which can be enlarged as needed for convenience in use. A variety of picture formats are available, including the familiar power spectrum vs time with intensity modulation to show the amplitude patterns. Accurate amplitude de...


A hypothesis that Korean home-made fermented soybean products are brown-pigmented in large part by contaminated bacteria is proposed. Twenty six strains of bacteria forming brown pigments in the presence of L-tyrosine were isolated from home-made soybean paste. They were characterized and all were identified as strains of Bacillus subtilis. The isolates produced dark brown to brownish black pigmentation on yeast extract-peptone-glucose agar (YPGA) supplemented with 0.1% L-tyrosine in 72 hours but not on YPGA. They also caused different depress of lighter pigmentation on potato dextrose agar and nutrient agar. When an arbitrarily chosen pigmenting isolate was cultivated in a liquid medium supplemented with L-tyrosine, it began to produce pigments only after cell growth stopped. The tyrosinase enzyme was extracted and the enzyme activity was measured by using L-tyrosine and 3-hydroxytyrosine (L-dopa) as substrates. The crude enzyme preparation porduced pigments at rates of optical density units/min measured at 490㎚ for tyrosine and dopa, respectively. Possible content of L-tyrosine in a soybean paste formula was calculated.


The purpose of this study to examine the effect implementation of the influence of human resource quality, exploiting of information technology, and internal control system for reliability of the Government Financial Reporting Countability village in Klaten district. This research is causative research. The population in this study is the village in Klaten district government, especially government Manisrenggo village in the district and every village government was represented by seven people that the village head and village as respondents. Data collection is done directly by using a questionnaire. While the tools of analysis used was multiple regression with SPSS program version 16.0. The results show that the variable human resource quality and internal control system have influence to reliability of financial reporting in the Klaten district of the village administration, while exploiting of information technology has no influence to reliability of financial reporting in the Klaten district of the village administration

Keywords: Reliability of Financial Reporting, Human Resource Quality, Exploiting of Information Technology, and Internal Control System


We develop an alternative derivation of the renormalized expression for the one-loop soliton quantum mass corrections in (1 + 1)-dimensional scalar field theories. We regularize implicitly such quantity by subtracting and adding its corresponding tadpole graph contribution and use the renormalization prescription that such added term vanishes with adequate counterterms. As a result, we get a finite unambiguous formula for the soliton quantum mass corrections up to one-loop order, which turns to be independent of the chosen regularization scheme.


This chapter investigates the profitability of the momentum trading strategy in the stock exchanges of Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong over the period 1994 to 2010. Our results show that there are significantly large momentum returns for Shanghai and Hong Kong but small and insignificant momentum returns for Shenzhen. However, the momentum trading strategy generates negative returns for all markets during the Global Financial Crisis; it appears that the momentum trading strategy fails during a financial or stock market crisis and especially in the months when the market conditions improve. We find no significant relationship between momentum returns and market states, which contradicts the results of an earlier study conducted in the U.S. market. Instead of market state it appears that it is economic activity that explains momentum returns.