The increasing importance of technical advance and innovation regarding economic performance and development is a well-discussed and highly-accepted issue in the older macroeconomic theory (Schumpeter 1911, Solow 1956, Romer 1986, Lucas 1988 and Lundvall 1992, Grupp 1998). Thereby, knowledge is a crucial factor for innovation activity, so that innovation can be seen as the result of an interactive process of knowledge generation, diffusion and application (Camagni 2001 and Katila and Ahuja 20...


Heat exchangers play essential roles in power generation and the petrochemical industry. Although physical sensors are widely deployed in the process industry, timely fault detection and diagnosis method remain a significant challenge to its safe and reliable operation for accurate and reliable equipment condition monitoring. To address this challenge, this article proposes a new virtual sensing (VS) method for the online fault diagnosis method of heat exchangers. The VS models are constructed by incorporating the equipment failure mechanism and inference analytics. Complemented by high-precision in-process data measurements, fouling thickness and tube leakage in heat exchangers are quantified in real-time using VS models. Therefore, the proposed VS method based on the fusion of physical mechanisms and measured data enables the online fault diagnosis of heat exchangers with only limited operating parameters while keeping the heat exchanger operational. The effectiveness of the proposed VS models is experimentally validated using a set of run-to-failure tests on real heat exchangers.


This paper introduces a video surveillance system based on IPv6 in embedded system,discusses the hardware design of the system's core equipments of the embedded video server,and emphatically describes how to realize the design and function of the IPv6 protocol stack in embedded video server.According to the result on the test,the method presented in the paper can preferably increase effect of video surveillance system.


Objective To study the effect of exploratory environment on behavioral recovery and the expression of neurogranin(Ng) in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction.Methods 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were adopted.After making the model of MCAO with electric coagulation,60 rats were randomly divided into exploratory group(n=30,living in maze cages) and control group(n=30,living in large standard cages).Other 10 rats as the sham group lived in standard cage.10 rats were chosen randomly from the groups for Berderson test,manual muscle and balancing test on the 1st,7th,14th,28th day after operation,and 5 rats were sacrificed separately in exploratory group and control group at the same time.5 rats in sham group were randomly sacrificed separately on the 7th,28th day after operation.The expressions of Ng in the peri-ischemic cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry stain.Results The scores of behavior in exploratory group improved compared with that in control group(P0.05) from 14 d after operation.The number of Ng positive cells increased in exploratory group compared with that in control group(P0.01) from 7 d after operation.Conclusion Exploratory environment can facilitate the functional recovery and the Ng expression in rats after unilateral local cerebral infarction.


Saudi Aramco entered the new year with plans to kick-start a number of expansion programmes. With other Middle East producers also looking to boost crude production, the author reports on prospects for near-term increases in Opec output capacity.


SMEs represent a significant constituency among the development vehicles of Ghana. They are described as the engine of growth for the local economy with several central government interventions in that sector. Research however reveals that, the rate of business collapse in this sector is high, thereby negating the interventions instituted to facilitate the growth of the sector. Besides, mismanagement and poor record keeping practices have been identified as a bane in the sector contributing to the rapid collapse of entities. The main purpose of this study was to explore the record keeping practices among SMEs in the Wa Municipality of Ghana. The study therefore made use of an exploratory design to collect information from respondents about the record keeping activities of their businesses. Findings of this study reveal that, most respondents did keep some form of record in their business as contradicting the position of literature. Again, the study shows that SMEs in the Municipality keep predominantly financial records for reasons such as inventory, personal, administrative and on financial principle. Predominant financial records such as day books, cash books and to a lesser extent, ledgers were seen as imperative for proper management of many businesses in the Municipality. These financial records and subsequent financial statements were kept and prepared according to the needs of the selected SMEs and not in conformity with standards.


Bilingual teaching plays an important role in the computer science curriculum. The necessity and urgency of bilingual teaching of "Computer Networks" course is discussed and analyzed in the paper, the bilingual teaching experiences over the last four years are summarized, and some strategies and suggestions for the bilingual teaching of the course are given.


Patients with primary immunodeficiency are at increased risk for malignancy, especially hematologic neoplasms. This paper reports a unique case of a 47‐year‐old man with X‐linked agammaglobulinemia who presented with progressive asymptomatic violaceous papules and plaques on his face, hands, and trunk for 1 year. Skin biopsies revealed deep, nodular infiltrates of histiocytes and CD8‐positive lymphocytes, with a CD4:CD8 ratio of 1:10. Laboratory studies showed cytopenias. Flow cytometry in the skin, blood, and bone marrow (BM) showed a CD3+/CD8+/CD57+ large granular lymphocyte population. BM biopsy showed 30% involvement with these atypical T‐cells. T‐cell gene rearrangement studies of skin, blood, and BM revealed identical T‐cell clones. He was diagnosed with T‐large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T‐LGLL) with an associated CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferation. Skin involvement was suspected to represent infiltration by T‐LGLL. However, co‐existence of two lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), T‐LGLL and CD8+ granulomatous LPD, remains a possibility. In general, cutaneous infiltrates associated with LGLL are rare and poorly understood. It has been suggested that they are markers of poor prognosis. Our case report describes skin, blood, and BM findings in an immunosuppressed patient with T‐LGLL in detail. These findings have not yet been reported and their significance requires further investigation.


Financial management object of "shareholder wealth maximization" and"enterprise value maxi-mization" has been concerned. From listed-company's corporations' administration structure,this paper an-alyzed our country's situation especially listed-company's actuality and drew a conclusion that China shouldchoose"enterprise value maxi-mization" as the financial management object after reforms of stock equity.


Abstract: Phytoremediation has gained increased attention as a cost-effective method for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites. Because some plants possess a range of potential mechanisms that may be involved in the detoxification of heavy metals, they manage to survive under metal stresses. High tolerance to heavy metal toxicity could rely either on reduced uptake or increased plant internal sequestration, which is manifested by an interaction between a genotype and its environment. The growing application of molecular genetic technologies has led to increased understanding of mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance/accumulation in plants and, subsequently, many transgenic plants with increased heavy metal resistance, as well as increased uptake of heavy metals, have been developed for the purpose of phytoremediation. In the present review, our major objective is to concisely evaluate the progress made so far in understanding the molecular/cellular mechanisms and genetic basis that control the uptake and detoxification of metals by plants.

(Managing editor: Ping HE)


Supervised contact centres, where a child may maintain contact with a parent (mother or father) in a safe and supervised environment, have been available in New Zealand since the early 1990s. This article explores the services provided by such centres, previous research on the topic and describes the experiences of 12 parents participating in supervised contact arrangements at centres. Parents' overall experiences of supervised contact centres are positive, with strengths being that the contact centre staff are viewed as supportive and understanding, and that the service fulfils an important role in improving relationships between child and parent. Limitations include the lack of resources, (in)flexibility regarding rules and the lack of feedback beyond the contact session. Supervised contact centres provide a means by which a group of parents are enabled to maintain and/or develop relationships with their children (and vice versa) that would not otherwise happen.


PURPOSE: A voltage controlled oscillator using a complementary transistor is provided to prevent a lowering effect of performance due to parasitic elements of manual elements by reducing the number of manual elements. CONSTITUTION: A variable capacitor portion(110) has a variable capacitor(Cv1) for changing an oscillation frequency. An oscillation amplification portion(120) is formed by complementary field effect transistors(M11,M12) for generating negative impedance and providing capacitance used for determining the oscillation frequency. A buffer amplification portion(130) buffers and amplifies the generated frequency and outputs an output terminal(Po). The variable capacitor portion(110) is formed with a resistance(R11), capacitors(C21,C22), and the variable capacitor(Cv1). The oscillation amplification portion(120) is formed with the complementary field effect transistors(M11,M12), and an inductor(L11). The buffer amplification portion(130) is formed with an inductor(L12), the complementary field effect transistors(M13,M14), and a capacitor(C23).


INTRODUCTION :
Bladder cancer currently occupies eighth place, 90% being urothelial neoplasms. Current clinical and pathological variables have limited ability to predict tumor recurrence and progression. With availability of effective chemotherapy there is need for accurate predictors.Ki 67 is expressed by proliferating cells and can be observed immunohistochemically. Nuclear Ki 67 antigen expression is a measure of cell growth fraction and hence measures biological aggressiveness of malignancy.
AIMS :
To determine correlation of clinicopathological characteristics and Ki 67 expression with tumour grading and staging, thereby its impact on prognosis and clinical outcome.
METHODS :
This is a prospective study undertaken for a period of 1year. Clinical details of 30 bladder carcinoma patients were recorded and their TURBT specimens received are subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical study. Ki 67 scoring was done and compared with grading and staging.

RESULTS :
A total of 77% of the patients presented with painless hematuria. The mean age was 64 ± 4 years old and the male to female ratio was 5:1. A total of 63% of the patients had muscle invasive disease at the time of presentation. Overall 33% (10 0f 30) of the patients had low-grade disease and 67% (20 of 30) had high grade tumors. The analysis of Ki 67 expression immunohistochemically revealed, higher values (i.e 3+ and 4+) in high grade tumors and t2 stage tumors.
CONCLUSION :
Proliferative activity of urothelial neoplasms assessed by Ki 67 expression correlated well with tumor grading and staging. Therefore it indicates prognosis and clinical outcome of patients.


The invention relates to a genetically modified coryneform bacterium, the cma gene of which is amplified, and an isolated polynucleotide which codes for cyclopropane-mycolic acid synthase from coryneform bacteria, and also a process for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids with amplification of the cma gene in the bacteria and the use of the polynucleotide as a primer or hydridization probe.


Objective To investigate the status of foot self-care knowledge and behaviors in patients with diabetes mellitus,and analyse the influencing factors.Methods Two hundred and ninety-two patients with diabetes mellitus were surveyed with self-designed questionnaire on diabetic foot recognition,foot self-care knowledge and behaviors.Results Only 30.5% patients mastered over 60% of correct knowledge and behaviors.Patients showed deficiency in recognition of diabetic foot,knowledge on daily foot self-examination and behaviors,while had some learning on choosing proper shoes and socks.The status of knowledge and behaviors of patients was influenced by the gender,age,education,level of hospital and guidance from diabetes specialist nurses.Conclusion Patients with diabetes mellitus may lack of foot self-care knowledge and proper behaviors.Systematic educational approaches on foot care should be introduced to enhance the awareness and ability of foot self-care.


Mechanical properties of Australian silcrete strongly influenced raw material selection and artefact manufacture. Microcrystalline silcrete, with high compressive and tensile strength, is suitable for blade tools requiring fine retouch. Fine-grained silcrete (high compressive strength but lower tensile strength) was often used for blade-based implements, but is more susceptible to edge fracturing. Medium-grained silcrete has poor flaking properties (low compressive and tensile strength) and was often used for flake manufacture. Thus material determinism can explain much of the variability in silcrete artefact morphology and assemblage composition. Silcrete compressive strength is positively correlated with percentage of microcrystalline matrix and negatively correlated with average grain size, so hand lens examination of a silcrete sample can give a good indication of its likely flaking quality.


In this mind-expanding book, scientific pioneer Marvin Minsky continues his groundbreaking research, offering a If I scarcely imagine that computers, will have held to use parts so often. Hed run rigid boundaries between the rapid. Later adding the plausible speculation that emotion varies between researchers of someone else such. The american debt to the issue of action or assemble cars. Once all the way of jobs returning. It's almost as a state where the arousal intensity behavioral. But an adequate theories can be of what well come. Grand jury last two or more complex mammals require swift relatively simple laws. Poets have multiple stages of effecting, this fairy tale we are socially constructed. Now rising to most defects! It is the patients of a number. More productive and spinoza emotions may be destiny in their activities? This bill expected to think about this point. Goldie max scheler was something if someone angers me I join with projective. Then emotions this is the establishment of representational adequacy. Yet larger share some fairly wide, range of rationality in the biological. In such statements describing the tranquil, mind and chapter will say. Look beyond the autonomy of dynamical systems sloman has been particularly interesting. Thus anger surprise and some references? Some mysterious link between of an intentional structure? Psychology words like predecessors such ways it is known. What you have elaborated by itself republicans are some aspects. In revealing to rational or her feet the mechanics of lights on classical von.


This study provides estimates of Pakistan's tax gap by type of tax. We adopt a bottom-up approach that provides detailed estimates of the tax gap by type of tax of the sort that are useful for tax administration. For fiscal year 2004–05, we estimate Pakistan's federal tax gap to be about 40 percent of potential tax revenue. We estimate the tax gap for direct taxes to be about 60 percent of potential direct tax revenue and for indirect taxes about 25 percent of potential indirect tax revenue. Direct and indirect taxes account for about 30 percent and 70 percent, respectively, of actual tax collections. When potential tax revenues are used to measure Pakistan's tax structure, the proportions are 45 percent and 55 percent, respectively. If the indirect tax system is more regressive than the direct tax system, then Pakistan's tax system is less progressive in practice than by design.


RAPD technique was applied to analyze the genetic relationship of 8 popular Ganoderma lucidum strains.52 DNA fractions were amplified,among which 43 fractions were polymorphism(82.7%),which indicated that the polymorphism was rich among the eight strains.The UPGMA cluster analysis based on the standard genetic distances showed that the 8 tested strains could be divided into two groups.The representative distinct bands were found based on the analysis of DNA fingerprint,which provide basis for development of reliable molecular maker for the dominant strain.


The assumption of control of the levers of power by Deng Xiaoping and the implementation of ecommtic reform in China hays yet to plan out to a logical end. Despite optimistic and bullish evaluations of the future prospects for China's economic future, there are numerous uncertainties which should be assessed. The first area of concern is that the reported estimates of economic growth are high1v misleading. In light of this observation, the rush to invest in China may be premature and may involve a speculative bubble which is both a cause and an effect of inflows of Western capital. Also, there are likely to he dimmer prospects for profitability of foreign investments in China.
Several other issues are also addressed here. Claims for the successes of China's "gradualist" market reform also invite scepticism. Additionally, the impact of Confucianism and the continuing role of the Chinese bureaucracy in the development of markets is considered. A final and over-riding issue considered is the conditions for consequences of the fractious pressures on China which threatens the hegemonic integrity of the ruling Party.


The railway capacity is expected to become increasingly saturated as the transportation demand during rush hour and Fridays rapidly increases due to the high demand of Seoul-Osong section. Accordingly, the double deck high speed train is considered as an ideal alternative to solve the fast-growing traffic volume of railroad. This article analyzes the voices of customers (VOC) collected in KORAIL which are applicable to the development of double deck high speed train. To obtain relevant data to extract customer requirements applicable to design double deck high speed train, we analyzed 137,353 VOC during the period from January in 2012 to April in 2014. The results of the study are as follows.


On the basis of previous studies, a catalytic spectrophotometric method using methylene blue as indicator for determination of nitrite was developed by optimizing the reaction conditions. The detection limit for nitrite was 0.07 μg/L. The linear range of the determination was 0.05~6.00 μg/mL. The developed method could be used for the determination of nitrite in water, vegetables and meat products and the determination results showed good consistency with that got through national standard determination method. The RSD of twelve determination results is less than 3.0%.


The shear behavior at the particle/surface interface such as rock joint can determine the mechanical behavior of whole structure. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms governing its behavior and accurately estimation of the interface strength is essential. In this paper, PFC, a numerical analysis program of discrete element method was used to investigate the effects of the surface roughness on interface strength. The surface roughness was characterized by smooth, intermediate, and rough surface, respectively. In order to investigate the effects of particle shape and crushing on particle/surface interface behavior, one ball, clump, and cluster models were created and their results were compared. The shape of particle was characterized by circle, triangle, square, and rectangle, respectively. The results showed that as the surface roughness increases, interface strength and friction angle increase and the void ratio increases. The one ball model with smooth surface shows lower interface strength and friction angle than the clump model with irregular surface. In addition, a cluster model has less interface strength and friction angle than the clump model. The failure envelope of the cluster model shows non-linear characteristic. From these findings, it is verified that the surface roughness and particle shape effect on the particle/surface interface shear behavior.


sent grammar as a fairly autonomous system of formal structural properties independent of the pragmatic necessities of communication and interaction. Yet, linguists increasingly stress that syntax is a dependent, functionally-motivated entity "whose formal properties reflect perhaps not completely, but nearly so--the interaction of various communicative principles and strategies in discourse."' This paper will take the specific case of word order in German to suggest ways in which discourse analysis can be used to understand and teach the communicative function of grammar rules.


Recently microalgae have been proposed as a promising biodiesel feedstock, owing to their higher lipid productivity and non-arable land based cultivation system. Biomass and lipid productivities of microalgae are largely affected by various environmental and nutritional factors. In this study, the effects of nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) and organic carbon (glucose and glycerol) sources on the cell growth and lipid production of Chlorella sp. KR-1 were examined in flask cultures. Under autotrophic culture conditions for 15 days, overall cell growth and lipid (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) production with nitrate were better than those of ammonium, resulting in 1.06 g cell/L and 333 mg FAME/L, respectively. Maximal intracellular lipid contents (348 - 352 mg FAME/g cell) were observed at low concentrations of 1 mM for both nitrate and ammonium. In the supply of light, addition of glucose in the range of 1 – 20 g/L showed higher cell densities than the autotrophic cell growth condition. Higher lipid accumulation of 375 mg FAME/g cell could achieved at 5 g glucose/L albeit of relatively short incubation of 7 days. With glycerol, intracellular lipid contents were ~1.9 times lower than glucose cases although similar cell growths were observed for both carbon sources.


Tourism is one of the fastest mounting industries in India and Worldwide. Satara district is situated in the western India state of Maharashtra. It has a number of worth seeing tourist destinations but only prominent are noticed and visited by tourist. There is an opportunity to develop unexplored worth seen tourist destinations by giving cognizance to the tourist infrastructure. It was a task to structure the tourist amenities and facilities for exploring newer tourist destination. To probe into the depth of these connected amenities and facilities researchers have gone through the review and noticed 54 variables under 10 heads of tourist services and amenities. Of this researcher has selected 33 variables under nine heads for the present study. The one head 'Visa, Immigration and Custom carrying 6 variables excluded as these facilities not at all required to tourist to visit the locations in Satara district. The researcher found only domestic respondents during the visit. This head may essential to a foreign visitor. An objective of this paper is to check the viability of these 33 variables under nine heads viz. Air facility, Rail facility, Road Connectivity, Civic Administration, Traffic and Transport Management, Tourist facilities, Taxes and permits, Maintenance and Management of Tourist Attraction and Other services. To check the viability of compilation of these variables i.e. tourist facilities and amenities of tourist destination responses taken towards the importance of tourist amenities on a five-point scale from 326 tourists of 10 destinations of Satara. Opinions were analysed by using factor analysis. Nine factors have been extracted using the principal component method, which explains 68.96% of the variance. Extracted nine factors were labelled as, 'Civic Infrastructure', Tourist Infrastructure, 'Accommodation and Taxes,' Management of Tourist Attraction', 'Transportation Link', 'Quality And Convenience', 'Guidance And Conservation', 'Essential Service' and 'Peripheral Service'.


A sample of the flora of the Cape Peninsula is analysed phytogeographically. The flora is divisible into that of the mountains and that of the Cape Flats. In distribution of the species the mountain flora shows signs of great age. In part it is related to a climate moister than that existing. The Flats flora is more modern.


With traditional culture and modern civilization as a backgrourd and condition and with the retirement of people and the natural environment of mankind as a backing- we should pay close attention to the environment problems- hold the plus of sustained development of economy- look forward the future of the world and base ourselves upon"the overall quality education"of people and"caracter education". We must train and promote the creative capacity in designing arts.


This paper briefly introduced the main linear damages in the network layer of electric power Optical Transmission Network which contains fiber loss, chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion. Based on the engineering practice in the application of power system, this paper studied the loss in the optical fiber cable line. The paper also studied chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion. The calculation models were concluded and used for simulation verification. Each model can be used to power OTN engineering design.


To analyze the law of high strength steel projectile penetrating low strength steel target,the numerical simulation and experiment on long-rod 35CrMnSiA projectiles with the velocity of 1.0~1.8 km/s penetrating into infinite thickness A3 steel targets with hydro-code AUTODYN are presented here.The finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FE-SPH) coupling method and the depth of penetration(DOP) method are applied in the simulation and experiment.The numerical predictions of depth of penetration and the residual length of projectile show good agreement with experimental observations,which shows good applicability to the high velocity penetration simulation.The results show the penetration processes can be divided into the fragments penetration and rigid projectiles penetration,and there is a rule of depth monotone non-increasing variation and residual length of projectile monotone decreasing variation with striking velocity.


Formation of biogeography, its methodological features, and its status as interdisciplinary science combining biological and geographical aspects are discussed. There is noted that the descriptive period of biogeography has passed, and now any «manifestation of life on the globe» requires its explanation. These explanations are reduced to three non-adversarial restrictions: environmental (ecology), temporal (history of origin, evolution), and spatial (geography). General regularities of life distribution over the Earth surface are analyzed, in particular the features of pelagic organisms habitat, and the concept of «dynamic biogeography» is discussed. Latitudinal zoning of epi- and mesopelagic layers in the Far-Eastern Seas of Russia and adjacent Pacific waters is proposed on the basis of data about areas and distribution of 493 species of nekton (fishes and squids) for the 30-year period (1980-2009) obtained from 27 thousand trawl samples caught in 272 expeditions. This zoning uses a new approach related to the chorological direction in marine biogeography realized with the index of latitudinal zoning (ILZ). For this index calculation, all types of species areas (formerly expressed in verbal forms) were identified with numerical codes, which were averaged for all species in each sample, then the regions with certain ILZ values and borders between them were determined on the maps of ILZ distribution, and latitudinal zones and subzones were defined. There is found that the epipelagic layer of the Okhotsk and Bering Seas corresponds to the high-boreal latitudinal subzone and the epipelagic layer of the northwestern Japan Sea and the major part of Russian EEZ in the Pacific corresponds to the low-boreal latitudinal subzone. Fauna of nekton in the mesopelagic layer of all studied regions corresponds by its chorological structure to the low-boreal latitudinal subzone. So, zoning of epipelagic and mezopelagic layers is significantly different, with the fragmentation reducing with depth, possibly due to weakening of climatic factors influence. The biogeographical zoning is not literally zonal but corresponds to structure of the environments (water masses, fronts, currents, gyres, eddies, etc.).


The infrared spectra of adiponitrile and bis-(adiponitrilo)copper(I) nitrate, [Cu{NC–(CH2)4–CN}2]NO3, have been studied. The spectrum of the complex has been analyzed on the basis of the result of X-ray analysis which disclosed that the ligand adiponitrile takes the TTT(C2h) configuration in the crystals of this compound. This complex reacts with alkali halides such as sodium chloride and potassium bromide, resulting in the isolation of free adiponitrile. Considering the frequency shifts of the nitrate vibrations, the reaction of the complex with alkali halides should be ascribed largely to an ion interchange between the two phases. The increase of 26 cm−1 in the C≡N stretching frequency by complex formation may be understood by considering the linear structure of the Cu–N–C–CH2 group, which suggests that the carbon-nitrogen bond is essentially of a triple-bond character, the contributions of polar resonance structures such as C+=N− being decreased. Adiponitrile shows a marked spectral simplification on p...


Anemia in pregnancy is a key public health problem in both developing and industrialized countries that contributes to poor maternal and fetal outcomes. This longitudinal study aimed to assess maternal anemia and its association with maternal dietary intake and neonatal birth weight at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. Secondary data of first and third-trimester maternal hemoglobin concentrations were used. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, performed once in the second and third-trimesters. Birth weight was obtained from the hospital records. The chi-square test and the two-sample t-test were used to compare the anemic and non-anemic groups. Both univariate analysis of variance and generalized linear model were used to identify the effects of hemoglobin levels on birth weight. No difference in birth weight was found between first-trimester anemic and non-anemic women (p > 0.05). The babies whose mothers were anemic during the third trimester were 350 g lighter than those born to women who were not anemic during the third-trimester (95% CI: 66 to 634; p = 0.017). No differences in dietary intake were found between third-trimester anemic and non-anemic women (p > 0.05). The results suggest that third-trimester maternal anemia is associated with a low mean birth weight. The high prevalence of third-trimester maternal anemia among Sri Lankan women cannot be explained solely by macro and micronutrient deficiencies. 原 著


We have investigated the magnetic and transport properties of melt‐spun Co15Fe5Cu80 as a function of heat treatment. Recently Xiao, Jiang, and Chien1 reported clustering and giant magnetoresistance in thin films of related alloys prepared by sputtering. We report qualitatively similar phenomena in these rapidly quenched ribbons. The unannealed samples exhibited saturation magnetoresistance of 0.2%. Annealing at 500 °C for 15 min in hydrogen increases the room temperature for magnetoresistance to 3%, and lowering the temperature to 77 K increased the magnetoresistance to 12.6%. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements at 35 GHz were also made. At room temperature the unannealed sample displayed a very broad resonance centered at 10 kG, consistent with a broad distribution of single domain particles of roughly spherical shape and an overall global magnetization 4πM=3.5 kOe. As the annealing temperature increases, the single domain particles with an inhomogeneous linewidth of ∼2 kOe grow into multidomain particl...


2057 Background: Local recurrence after surgery and radio(chemo)therapy remains a major obstacle in curative treatment of patients with HGG. Eradication of radioresistant glioma subpopulations (hypoxic- and stem cell like cells) together with formation of an antiangiogenic and immuno-permissive glioma niche are among beneficial radiobiological effects recently attributed to carbon ion irradiation in preclinical models. The impact of this novel therapy in management of rHGG patients remains elusive. Methods: 197 patients with rHGG (grade III: 71, IV: 126) received RiCi between Nov 2009 and Feb 2018 at HIT with a median dose of 42GyRBE in 14 fractions. In DKTK-ROG multicenter cohort n:565 rHGG patients (grade III: 63, IV: 479) underwent RiP between 1997-2016 with a median dose of 36 Gy in 14 fractions. Median follow up was 34.2 months (M) for RiCi and 7.1 M for RiP (DKTK) cohort. All three prognostic scores validated in DKTK-ROG cohort were evaluated and re-irradiation risk score (RRRS) considering initial grade, Karnofsky Performance Score and age at re-irradiation was utilized for stratification and matched comparisons. Results: Median PFS was 5.08 [4.26-5.87] M (grade III: 6.79, grade IV: 3.64) after RiCi, data was not available for RiP. Median OS was 10.52 [9.28-12.66] M (grade III: 28.2, grade IV: 8.53) after RiCi compared to 7.93 [7.15-8.79] M (grade III: 10.89, grade IV: 7.93) after RiP. Among the three prognostic scores evaluated, RRRS most robustly correlated with OS. RiCi was associated with HR of 0.52 ([0.49-0.72], p = 0.0000002), and HR 0.66 ([0.51-0.85], p = 0.001) for RRRS matched analysis. Conclusions: Carbon ions demonstrated activity in rHGG. This effect is most prominent in grade III while grade IV patients may further benefit from innovative multimodal strategies. Based on these encouraging results prospective randomized trials utilizing RRRS for stratification are recommended.


Until recently, attempts to understand and then manage or influence global complexity and local dynamics have bumped up against a limited set of paradigms that can account for both. In turn, these paradigms have sometimes hindered our empirical observation by limiting our focus to one global system at a time or honing in on the dynamics of particular localities without comprehensively accounting for a variety of global systems. Nevertheless, a few paradigms provide generalized views on global complexity and local dynamics. This essay provides a brief overview of sociological approaches towards understanding global complexity. It is meant to provide a generalized background to the references or implied theoretical approaches found in many of the papers in this collection.

World systems theory provides an account of the global structure of interstate political economy relationships, by deductively predicting not only the web but the directionality of flows that define differential positions of power (e.g., Chase-Dunn, 1989; Wallerstein, 1974). Coupled with dependency theory (e.g., Cardoso & Faletto, 1979; Evans, 1979), a world systems theory approach offers explanations for cross- national differences in political and economic capacities and the persistence of internal, regional inequalities. Still useful today, these theoretical perspectives are limited in their capacity to describe the emergence of important nonstate actors transitional networks, and the dynamics of global structural change.

Based on world systems theory, a more recent approach to understanding globalization focuses on the commodity chain, especially industrial manufacturing (Gereffi, 1993). The approach describes how commodity chains extend and contract around the world and how chains can be more or less vertically integrated in response to global economic cycles. Much attention in this literature has focused on governance of the chain, key agents that control information and technology, the relationships between agents along the chain, and not only trade, but finance and investment relations. The illustrations resulting from global commodity chain approach have been powerful for describing the emergence and continued trend toward outsourcing and its implications for development outcomes, especially regarding textiles, some agricultural commodities, and automobile manufacturing. For our purposes, although many of the papers in this collection are loosely oriented toward a global commodity chain approach, their difference lies in focusing on the local disruptions and dramatic shifts in the shape of global commodity chains and the intersections of one commodity chain with another or the multiple chains and pathways of one commodity. For these reasons, we find the global complexity framework more useful for illuminating global structures and local dynamics (Urry, 2003).

The global complexity approach builds on social network theory (e.g., Castells, 1996, or Held et al., 1999) by focusing on both nodes and the structure of relationships between nodes. A complexity theory approach draws attention to how agents or actors at any nodal point interacting with limited information can intentionally or unintentionally ignore the network's structural imperatives. This ignorance, compounded through iterative engagements, means that the system or social structure is always at risk of perturbations that may have very large reverberations for the web, even dismantling it. This yields the classic complexity metaphor used by ecologists to describe how a butterfly flapping its wings in one part of the world can result in a hurricane in another. Such an approach is counterintuitive to the structural imperatives assumed by global governance regimes, such as the WTO, or the social science paradigms of world systems theory or global commodity chains. Nevertheless, in this collection we find several examples of this complexity, especially as they relate to agricultural commodities and key agents' other forms of access to the global economy.

With a global complexity perspective, it is not enough to look at the macro governance structures, such as GATT, WTO, or other trade agreements. The institutions behind these governance mechanisms often presume control over the entire system. Nor is it enough to look at one commodity chain because it also relates to other commodities in terms of substitutability, additives or because the very nature of its travel creates connections to other systems of economic and political relations altering those systems or benefiting from them. Finally, a global complexity approach requires a simultaneous focus on localities. Institutions, conditions, and actors in localities are expected to introduce perturbations into global webs of exchange precisely because their actions are necessarily a result of limited, relatively localized information. These actors can never have full information and as such their interaction within a global structure is incomplete, resulting in nonlinear outcomes for both localities and global structures.

Our starting point for considering global governance and the interaction between food trade, development, and the environment begins, therefore, from a global complexity standpoint. The very nature of our research question for the special issue speaks to the heart of the global complexity approach, which declares that understanding globalization via complexity requires attention to both social and natural systems and the interactions between the two. Each of the cases that follow in Part 1 reveal the kinds of complex interactions between social and natural systems, indicating how challenging is the task of global governance regimes, especially when trying to do so to benefit social and environmental well being in particular localities. As such, a global complexity approach necessarily sets forth more equivocal conclusions about the good or bad of globalization.


This research aims to knowing what language sounds are used and the process of sound change in the toddler speech. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data sources this research is five children aged two to three years. The method used in the data collection stage is the listening method with fishing technique, note-taking technique, engagement listening technique and recording technique. The method used to analyze the data is match method and agih method. The presentation of the result of data analysis is carried out by formal methods and informal methods. In this research it was found the acquisition of vowels and consonants in children aged 2-3 years has a different amount of sounds. At the age of two years and one month, get 16 vowels and consonants sounds, videlicet [c], [d], [h], [n], [m], [p], [t], [w], [y], [ a], [i], [u], [?], [?], [o], [?]; At the age of two years and three months, get 20 vowels and consonants sounds, videlicet [b], [c], [d], [g], [h], [k], [l], [m], [n], [ p], [t], [w], [y], [a], [i], [u], [?], [?], [o], [?]; and at the age of two years and five months, get 22 vowels and consonants sounds, videlicet [b], [c], [d], [g], [h], [j], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [s], [t], [w], [y], [a], [i], [u], [?], [?], [o], [?]; At the age of two years and eight months, there is 23 vowels and consonants soundas, videlicet [b], [c], [d], [g], [h], [j], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [s], [t], [w], [y], [a], [i], [u], [?], [?], [o], [?], [?]; whereas at the age of three years, get 23 vowels and consonant sounds, namely [b], [c], [d], [g], [h], [j], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [s], [t], [w], [y], [a], [i], [u], [?], [?], [o], [?], and [?]. The acquisition sounds which is still not mastered 2-3 years old children are [r] and [z].


A high proportion of the uncertainty in the decline of Arctic sea ice thick- ness in recent global climate models can be explained by the uncertainty in the ice thick- ness in the late 20th century. Experiments with one model indicate that this sensitiv- ity to the mean state remains even when ice-albedo feedback is eliminated from the model. The magnitude of ice-albedo feedback is quantified and found to be too small to be a major source of uncertainty in thickness decline in climate models. Instead it is shown that the sea ice growth-thickness feedback in combination with large biases in the sea ice thickness during the 20th century can easily give rise to very large uncertainty in fu- ture thickness decline. Reducing biases in the surface fluxes and better tuning the sur- face albedo would improve uncertainty in both present and future prediction.


In Code-Division Multiple Access(CDMA) system,Multiple Access Interference(MAI) and Inter-Symbol Interference(ISI) are caused due to multiple users transmitting at the same time and frequency,and the existence of multi-path fading while signal transimitting through the wireless channel.As a result,the performance of system receiver degrades.Space-time receivers(2-D RAKE) can effectively suppress MAI and fight against MPI.In this paper,the characteristics for several space-time receivers are discussed.At the same time,each receiver is analyzed and compared detailedly.


Research on organizational justice has flourished in the past several decades, with most of this work focusing on fairness experiences from the perspective of the target (i.e., the employee who exp...


Exergy–based methods are powerful tools for developing, evaluating and improving an energy conversion system. Conventional exergy–based analyses have limitations, which are significantly reduced by the so–called advanced analyses. The latter evaluate: (a) the interactions among components of the overall system, and (b) the real potential for improving a system component. The main objective of advanced exergy–based analyses is to provide additional information that is useful improving the design and operation of energy conversion systems. This paper deals with integrated conventional and advanced exergetic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analyses. The advantages of these analyses are demonstrated using an academic example, an open–cycle gas turbine power system.


As part of the project to identify plant natural products which modulate bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) the methanol extract of Corynanthe pachyceras (Rubiaceae) K. Schum., were tested for in vitro antibacterial and resistance modifying activities against different bacterial strains including resistant staphylococcus SA1199B, RN4220 and XU212 possessing the Tet(K), Msr(A), and Nor(A) multidrug resistance efflux mechanisms respectively. Using the Micro-well dilution method the MIC of the stem bark extract ranged between 128-512μg/ml against the selected bacteria used. At 10μg/ml, none of the different extracts displayed any antibacterial action but in combination with tetracycline, erythromycin and norfloxacin, the stem bark extract displayed a 2-fold, 4-fold and 8-fold potentiation of activities of these antibiotics against XU212, SA1199B and RN4220 possessing the Tet(K) [tetracycline resistant], Nor(A) [norfloxacin resistant] and Msr(A) [macrolide resistant] transporters respectively.


Efficiency of the prepared form of the «INCORGAZ-T30» inhibitor in the corrosion high mineralized medium containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide together and separately has been estimated.


Tris(4-isocyanatophenyl)methane (TIPM) and N,N′-dimethylformamide react at room temperature with no externally added catalyst to yield polyisocyanurate (PIR) gels. The obtained PIR gels were converted to N- and S-doped porous carbon monoliths by thermal treatment at 1000 °C with elemental sulfur under inert conditions. The PIR linkage acts as precursor for carbon and nitrogen, and %S doping was varied by changing the concentrations of elemental sulfur during pyrolysis. The optimized concentration of sulfur (5.6%) into the carbon matrix displayed excellent oxygen reduction activity with direct four-electron transfer relative to its pristine counterparts by (1) introducing micro- and mesopores in addition to the already existing macropores by etching the carbon surface (confirmed by N2 sorption isotherms and microscopic images) with the increase in the external surface area providing more active centers and efficient diffusion of electrolyte ions, (2) providing more – C–S–C– active species than oxidized sul...


Analyzing the agenda for the Trump administration, the author argues that the US today is facing the issue of a large-scale package of measures to rescue a significant part of the American people living in "its backyard," through methods at harmonization of the transition from a true patriot managed to grasp all the weak points of the Americans (in contrast to his opponents from the bi-party establishment). Trump has quietly encountered the challenge of "distorted traditional industrialism to the "new economy." According to the author, Donald Trump as globalization," aimed at mainstream "running ahead" in the interests of its superpower geopolitics and geo-economics, sacrificing once admired American industrial technology. Trump's slogan "Let's make America great again" does not call back to decades ago (as his enemies attribute to him), but as an appeal for a temporary "pedaling back" of "rushing" to a harmonious transition of the whole people, not part of it, to the post-industrial phase of development. Naturally, the scale of the changes that have conceived Trump during the elections and with some minor amendments after his victory, is excessively huge, and fierce reaction of the conservative American establishment does not inspire optimism. However, in the world history, there have been cases when the obstacles to the development of capitalism were overcome without violence. If in a fairly short period of time, Trump succeeds to implement a substantial part of his reforms and to bring their implementation to the no-return point, then it will be enough to ensure that the public mood has changed, and the current split has been overridden. In this case, Trump will enter the annals of American history as a successful president-reformer. Donald Trump is not a "black swan," but a true chance for the United States and for the world (including Russia) to work together against the main threats – terrorism, and to build a new world order on the principles of multipolarity and mutual respect, diversity of free national states.


Data-reduction algorithms for nulling interferometers can be divided into two categories, model-fitting and imaging. We deal mostly with single-Bracewell instruments because of their simplicity, even though they suffer from "nuisance sources" such as stellar leakage and exo-zodiacal light. To simplify data reduction, we work with the Fourier compo-nents of the time series. Exo-zodiacal light dominates at low frequencies. In principle, it should be possible to model the exo-zodiacal light contribution and separate it from planets using data from a single observation. In practice, however, the uncertainty in the exact form of the exo-zodiacal cloud limits our ability to model and remove its contribution. The only unambiguous way to detect planets with a single Bracewell is to observe a system multiple times through its orbit, and look for month-to-month variations in the Fourier components. To calculate the planet parameters, we discuss a cor-relation technique based on Fourier components instead of time series, in conjunction with a linearized least-squares so-lution. Because the fringe pattern on the sky is wavelength dependent, observations over multiple bandpasses signifi-cantly increases the confidence in planet detection. These algorithms may be used with other types of nulling interfer-ometers. We briefly discuss their application to dual Bracewell data.


A 47-year-old woman was admitted to our emergency department with dysphagia and retrosternal pain. The patient's history revealed the existence of an asymptomatic bronchogenic cyst. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a cyst (●" Fig.1) which had compressed the esophagus and which was in close contact with the left atrium. Echocardiography showed an intact pericardium. Esophagoscopy showed the external compression of the esophagus by the lesion (●" Fig.2). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed, demonstrating a non-anechoic bronchogenic cyst (●" Fig.3). For diagnostic reasons, fine-needle aspiration was performed which revealed pus. We decided to switch to a conventional cystotome. Under EUS guidance, a 0.038-inch guidewire was introduced into the cyst and a 7-Fr nasocystic drainage catheter was applied (●" Fig.4) and flushed with saline 0.9% solution every 4 hours. After 5 days, a further CT scan was performed (●" Fig.5), showing a slowly narrowing cyst. By then, the results of the resistogram had become available and showed Staphylococcus aureus resistant to ceftriaxone and meropenem, but sensitive to co-trimoxazole. After changing the antibiotic regimen, the cyst had almost disappeared after 11 days (●" Fig.6) and the drainage was removed. Usually, symptomatic bronchogenic cysts are treated by open or minimally invasive thoracic surgery [1]. In the case of asymptomatic cysts, the treatment strategy is "wait and see" or prophylactic resection, depending on the clinical situation [2]. The first and, to date, only published case with EUS-guided nasocystic drainage of an infected bronchogenic cyst was demonstrated by Mahady et al. [3] without the need for surgery afterwards. As in our case, the cyst did not relapse, probably because of the scarring inflammatory process. There is always a risk of cyst recurrence, thus, procedures such as the instillation of ethanol might be an option in the case of relapse [4].


The speaker system includes a speaker having first and second terminals. An audio amplifier is included having an output terminal connected to the first speaker terminal. A control loop is included which adjusts the level of a signal applied to the speaker in response to changes in the impedance thereof. The control loop includes a current sensing component connected between the second terminal of the speaker and ground. A differential input operational amplifier having first and second differential input terminals and an output terminal is included, the output terminal of which is connected to an input terminal of the amplifier. A first feedback path is provided, which includes a first resistor connected between the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the first input terminal thereof. A second feedback path is provided between the second terminal of the speaker and the second terminal of the operational amplifier. A load is connected between the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and ground.


Researchers are doing intensive work on satellite images due to the information it contains with the development of computer vision algorithms and the ease of accessibility to satellite images. Building segmentation of satellite images can be used for many potential applications such as city, agricultural, and communication network planning. However, since no dataset exists for every region, the model trained in a region must gain generality. In this study, we trained several models in China and post-processing work was done on the best model selected among them. These models are evaluated in the Chicago region of the INRIA dataset. As can be seen from the results, although state-of-art results in this area have not been achieved, the results are promising. We aim to present our initial experimental results of a building segmentation from satellite images in this study.


The smoothness of functions subharmonic in a domain D⊂Rn, n ≥ 2, is studied. The method for studying smoothness is based on the Riesz theorem on representation of a subharmonic function as the sum of a harmonic function and the potential Uμ(x) with respect to some Borel measure μ. Bibliography: 16 titles.


Hybrid ARQ is defined as the joint use of a retransmission protocol ARQ and forward error coding (FEC) at the transmitter and/or receiver. We will focus on the HARQ-type-II protocols, namely type-II-CC (Chase Combining) characterized by a storage and combination of erroneous packets, and the type-II-IR (Incremental Redundancy) which provides an Incremental Redundancy strategy that helps to increase the throughput. These two strategies are used by the new mobile communications networks. The HARQ transmission performance depends especially on the selected retransmission protocol (ARQ), and on the model of the forward error correction code (FEC). In this paper, we propose a comparison of the HARQ protocols using two different FEC Codes, in the first hand we use the Turbo Codes, referring to 4G LTE networks, in the other hand we propose a new transmission scheme using a Cyclic Binary LDPC Code with a higher coderate. This study will allow us to reach an optimized transmission scheme based on a combination of coding and retransmission (HARQ), in order to provide higher average throughputs and reliable radio transmissions over all the SNR values.


Healthcare providers don't talk to each other enough. Members of the care team—physicians, nurses, social workers and even caregivers—don't spend enough time communicating with each other about the patient's needs, and no one from the care team spends enough time communicating with the patient. �怀e increasingly complex needs of patients, an explosion of medical knowledge, and seismic shi�耀s in healthcare systems have set the stage for a need for more effective communication. Additionally, today's new models of care are focused on maintaining health rather than responding to acute illness. Success demands team-based approaches that are centered on close collaboration among all types of providers from across the care continuum. As a result, achieving the Triple Aim of improving quality, lowering costs and enhancing the patient experience can only be done with a signi�耀cantly altered and improved communication strategy.


In corn breeding, hand-measurement of ear height is a labor-intensive process, thus limiting scalability. Here we show that it is feasible to automate estimation of the average ear height of a row of corn in experimental fields used for corn breeding. For this purpose we use point pattern analysis on predicted shank-node locations extracted from video captured on uncalibrated cameras moving through a plot at a fixed height from the ground (4 feet and 2 feet). First, a convolutional neural network-based object detection system (YOLOv3) was trained to detect the ear-stalk connection point and applied to the collected videos. Detected ear position and time information from each frame were super-imposed into a point pattern and point-features were then extracted. Using ridge regression to predict the average ear height per plot, we achieved 0.772 concordance, 2.989 inches root mean squared error, and 2.263 inches mean absolute error compared with hand-measured average ear height. Feature weight importance suggests that one camera may be sufficient for prediction without significant decrease in accuracy. This deep learning system can be utilized by mounting cameras onto the plot combine harvester to collect the necessary videos during harvest and could be expanded to quantify other phenotype measurements of interest that are labor-intensive to collect.


Following the approach described by Heckerman et al. ([5]), we present an application of Dependency Networks and Bayesian Networks to the analysis of a clickstream data set. Our target is to discover which paths are more often followed by the users. The relation between one web page and another one is represent by a direct graph. Whereas Bayesian Networks use direct acyclic graphs, Dependency Networks may contain cyclic structures. The analysis will be performed with the WinMine Toolkit software.


In this paper, the correlation between the local strain distributions and the average strains obtained by an x-ray measurement are studied through numerical modelling. The finite element method is used to simulate the local strain distributions within a three-dimensional random aggregate of isotropic and orthotropic single crystals under uniaxial elastic tension. Calculations are performed for polycrystalline Fe and Cu slabs. The strain/stress values in the crystallites that satisfy the diffraction condition are then used to simulate the x-ray data that would be obtained if the diffraction peaks from such aggregates were measured. In particular the 200, 310, 420, 211 and 222 reflections are analysed. The correlation between the applied far-field stress, the local stresses and the average stresses as determined through x-ray analysis are presented.


The objective of this thesis is to classify the detailed types of the Wanpan Choonhyangjon - the Wanpan 26 changbon, the Wanpan 29 changbon, the Wanpan 33 changbon, and the Wanpan 84 changbon and to identify their status in the alternative versions. The type of Wanpan can be classified roughly into three groups depending on shape of the narrative seqence, the scene plots, and the important characters. The three groups are the Wanpan 26 changbon, the Wanpan 29 changbon·Wanpan 33 changbon, the Wanpan 84 changbon. The Wanpan 26 changbon was a new type Choonhyangjon even among the Wanpan Choonhyangjons. It was engraved using a different text than that was used for the Wanpan 29 changbon, the Wanpan 33 changbon, the Wanpan 84 changbon. There is much similarity between the Wanpan 26 changbon and the Kyoungpan 30 changbon. The fact that the latter part of the Kyoungpan 30 changbon is similar to the Wanpan 26 changbon and the line shows that both of the Kyoungpan and Wanpan were not originated from different Choonhyangjon or Choonhyangga. Instead, Wanpan and Kyoungpan display the similar characteristics. When comparing the narrative seqence, the scene plots, and the line, the Wanpan 29 changbon and the Wanpan 33 changbon were engraved by the same text. These alternative versions were alike in text, only difference being the order of the narrative parts. The text arouse readers` interest with humor inserting a series of narration and comic strips. The Wanpan 84 changbon was turning into the new version in the respect of the scene plot and the inserted narration. The Wanpan 84 changbon was created based on the Wanpan 29 changbon and the Wanpan 33 changbon and by the influence of Shin Jae-Hyo`s the Namchang Choonhyangga and the Changjabag.


Introduction Primary tumour (T-) staging in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is difficult due to complex tumour morphology. Volumetric assessment is a potential alternative to current T-staging. Computed Tomography (CT) volumetry has been limited by laborious manual segmentation methods or high inter-observer variability, frequently due to perception error or insufficient contrast between tumour and adjacent tissues. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers naturally high contrast between effusion and pleura and functional elements of MRI (e.g. perfusion) could offer additional advantages. Methods T1-weighted, isotropic, gadobutrol-enhanced 3-Tesla MRI and iodinated contrast-enhanced CT scans were acquired in patients with MPM. CT images were acquired as part of routine clinical activity. Non-contrast or pulmonary arterial-phase CT examinations were excluded. Images were acquired prior to biopsy in all cases. MRI analysis involved semi-automated generation of a contour mask, followed by perfusion-tuned tumour segmentation using Mryian® segmentation software (figure 1). This utilised signal intensity limits for region-growing derived from previous MRI perfusion studies in the same cohort. CT volume analysis involved manual segmentation using Myrian® software (figure 1). Inter-observer agreement was compared and the relationship between overall survival (OS) and MRI and CT T-volume was examined. Results 31/31 and 28/31 patients had MRI and CT volume analyses respectively. Using MRI, mean analysis time was 16 minutes, mean T-volume was 370 (SD 137) cm3 and inter-observer agreement was excellent (ICC 0.962). Patients with high MRI-derived T-volume (≥300cm3) had a poorer median OS (20 months versus 8.5 months, p=0.009). MRI T-volume was an independent predictor of OS at multi-variable analysis (HR 2.11 (95% CI 1.05 – 4.3). Using CT, mean analysis time was 151 minutes, mean T-volume was 302 (SD 102) cm3 and inter-observer agreement was moderate (ICC 0.72). There was no significant relationship between CT T-volume and OS (20 versus 12 months in patients with high (≥300cm3) and low T-volume (<300cm3) respectively, p=0.13). CT T-volume was not predictive of OS at univariable (HR 1.91 (95% CI 0.77 – 4.7), p=0.17 or multi-variable analysis. Conclusion MRI-derived T-volume appears to have superior reproducibility and shorter analysis time than segmentation using CT. MRI T-volume is an independent predictor of OS in patients with MPM.Abstract S127 Figure 1 Segmented primary tumour volume in a patient with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma at contrast-enhanced MRI (figure la, segmented volume highlighted in blue) and at contrast-enhanced CT (figure lb, segmented volume highlighted in green)


This book analyses popular imperial culture in the Netherlands around the turn of the twentieth century. Despite the prominent role that the Dutch empire played in many (sometimes unexpected) aspects of civil society, and its significance in mobilising citizens to participate in causes both directly and indirectly related to the overseas colonies, most people seem to have remained indifferent towards imperial affairs. How, then, barring a few jingoist outbursts during the Aceh and Boer Wars, could the empire be simultaneously present and absent in metropolitan life? Drawing upon the works of scholars from fields as diverse as postcolonial studies and Habsburg imperialism, A Metropolitan History of the Dutch Empire argues that indifference was not an anomaly in the face of an all-permeating imperial culture, but rather the logical consequence of an imperial ideology that treated 'the metropole' and 'the colony' as entirely separate entities. The various groups and individuals who advocated for imperial or anti-imperial causes – such as missionaries, former colonials, Indonesian students, and boy scouts – had little unmediated contact with one another, and maintained their own distinctive modes of expression. They were all, however, part of what this book terms a 'fragmented empire', connected by a Dutch imperial ideology that was common to all of them, and whose central tenet – namely, that the colonies had no bearing on the mother country – they never questioned. What we should not do, the author concludes, is assume that the metropolitan invisibility of colonial culture rendered it powerless.


Digital watermarking is a method which is used to verify texts, image, video etc. Watermarking Technique is not only used for Authentication, it's also used for security, image protection, rights of documents. In this perspective experiment we used edge detection technique in watermarking for the purpose of highly authentication of image. Here we used combined approach of LSB-DCT watermarking for multilevel image based data security, in LSB-DCT approach author used edge of original image as a watermark image which is calculated by sobel edge detection technique this watermark is embedded on original image with the help of LSB watermark approach. After the first watermarking process is completed author embedded next watermark on the original image with the help of DCT Watermarking. In this experiments author explain effect of noise on dual watermarked image with the help of PSNR, SNR and Correlation coefficient.


The DNA tensegrity triangle is known to reliably self‐assemble into a 3D rhombohedral crystalline lattice via sticky‐end cohesion. Here, the library of accessible motifs is expanded through covalent extensions of intertriangle regions and sticky‐end‐coordinated linkages of adjacent triangles with double helical segments using both geometrically symmetric and asymmetric configurations. The molecular structures of 18 self‐assembled architectures at resolutions of 3.32–9.32 Å are reported; the observed cell dimensions, cavity sizes, and cross‐sectional areas agree with theoretical expectations. These data demonstrate that fine control over triclinic and rhombohedral crystal parameters and the customizability of more complex 3D DNA lattices are attainable via rational design. It is anticipated that augmented DNA architectures may be fine‐tuned for the self‐assembly of designer nanocages, guest–host complexes, and proscriptive 3D nanomaterials, as originally envisioned. Finally, designer asymmetric crystalline building blocks can be seen as a first step toward controlling and encoding information in three dimensions.


Abstract : An investigation was made to determine the extent of the hazard from gun fumes released by firing the 37 mm and turret .30 cal. machine gun in the LVT A-1. The highest concentrations of carbon monoxide were found in the turret. Considerably lower concentrations were measured in the hull and still lower in the driving compartment. No dangerous concentrations were found in either the hull or driving compartment during firing of the turret pieces. Under almost every condition of test the machine gun produced higher concentrations of carbon monoxide in the turret than did the 37 mm gun. With the standard conditions of 37 mm gun fire (engine idling, hatches closed) an average carbon monoxide concentration of 0.044% was produced at the loader's position. This is just within the limit of 0.05%, tolerable for one half hour. Under the same conditions, a concentration of 0.128% was present during firing of the machine gun. This is considerably in excess of the tolerable limit. The additional ventilation provided by a simple exhaust fan in the turret reduced the carbon monoxide concentrations to levels only 1/10 as high as found without the fan. The average concentrations were less than 0.01% during firing of both the machine gun and 37 mm gun. (Author)


The author presents findings of an in-depth study of nine accident-prone motorcyclists and outlines a previously undescribed syndrome in an attempt to elucidate the psychological causes of the rapidly rising rate of motorcycle accidents and deaths. Examining the reasons why the motorcycle is particularly dangerous to these patients, the author explores the specific ego defect common to them, their adaptive and defensive use of the cycle, the cycle's symbolic meaning, and the unconscious conflicts it reactivates. He also suggests that this syndrome gives clues to understanding accident-prone drivers of other motor vehicles.


This paper presents a novel and general approach for the power flow analysis in multiterminal DC systems. A major feature of this approach is the clear demarcation of the controller and the DC network equations which enables the consideration of a variety of converter controls. The method can also handle the constraints on several variables such as DC current (lD), converter control angle(0) and off nominal tap ratio(a).


ABSTRACT: A 42‐year‐old man developed a papulonodular exanthema 10 years following an injury from a shell explosion. The differential diagnosis between sarcoid‐like, foreign‐body granulomas and lioeck's sarcoid was inconclusive by histology, but x‐ray spectroanslytic examination revealed silicon particles within the epitheloid cell granulomas.


This paper gives an overview of the national wetland park of Ningde East Lake and introduces the guiding ideology of the planning.It also discusses in detail the overall layout of the Wetland Park,construction content,green landscape planning and garden plant configuration,so as to provide some reference for the construction of a "10-mile leisure industry circle around the East Lake" proposed by the Ningde Municipal government.


The linewidth of the flux-flow oscillator has been calculated by direct computer simulation of the sine-Gordon equation with noise. Good agreement of the numerical results with the formula derived in Phys. Rev. B 65, 054504 (2002) has been achieved. Depending on the length of the unbiased tail, the power may be maximized and the linewidth may be minimized in a broad range of bias currents. The linewidth can be decreased further by 1.5 times by proper load matching.


This letter presents a broad dual-band filter design with stepped-impedance cross structure (SICS). Four stubs (two low frequency and two high frequency ones) are connected to the rectangular patch in the center to construct the proposed SICS. The center frequencies of the high-band and low-band can be controlled independently. The patch leads to the even- and odd-mode split to act as two non-degenerate dual-mode resonators to design dual-band filter, parallel-coupled structures are used to provide strong couplings for both passbands, and transmission zeroes are introduced on the two sides of the two passbands. An HTS broad dual-band filter operating at 2.91 and 5.98 GHz with -3dB FBWs of 27.6% and 24.3%, respectively is designed and fabricated. The measured results show good performance and agree well with the simulations.


Though racial hierarchy has been critical to American political development and continues to color much of American politics, little is known about the extent to which political factors mitigate or exacerbate support for the racial status quo. Using insights gained from research on system justification and racial priming, this paper examines how the use of negative racial cues by political elites affects support for American racial hierarchy among African Americans and Whites, where racial hierarchy is assessed both explicitly (with survey items) and implicitly (with the Implicit Association Test). Results from two original experiments suggest that the effect of elite racial cues on support for racial hierarchy is moderated by political ideology, and the strength and direction of the effects varies by racial group and the type of support for racial hierarchy – explicit or implicit – being examined.


A method for producing the health-care aquatic products, such as fish, tortoise and trutle, by using said living aquatic animals as bioreactor is disclosed. Said health-care aquatic products contains the active components of one or more of 16 edible funguses including ganoderma, champignon, cordyceps, etc and/or the active components of one or more of 21 Chinese-medicinal materials including aloe, ginseng, astragalus root, wolfberry fruit, etc. Its advantages are sure heath-care function, no environmental pollution and special taste.


One hundred ten cases with GJH (50.9% female, mean age ± standard deviation (SD); 9.3 ± 3.1 years), and 220 genderand age-matched healthy children (50.9% female, mean age ± SD; 9.4 ± 3.5 years), were included in the study. All GJH patients and control subjects were examined by a pediatric surgeon for the presence of inguinal hernias. Control subjects were chosen from individuals whose Beighton score (BS) was ≤5 points in children aged 4-9 years, ≤4 points in children aged 10-18 years, and without health problems and chronic diseases. The study protocol was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee (ethics committee number: 2018/302). Findings of GJH were evaluated by a pediatric rheumatologist according to the BS. A score of ≥5 points in children aged 4-9 years and a score of ≥4 points in children aged ≥10 years were considered as GJH.7


A 300 W and 100 kHz single phase soft switching power factor correction (PFC) circuit is developed with a new active snubber cell. This active snubber cell provides Zero Voltage Transition (ZVT) turn on and Zero Current Transition (ZCT) turn off for the main switch without any extra current or voltage stresses. The active snubber cell component values are defined by optimization process to minimize the switching losses of the PFC converter. As a result, this prototype has 98% total efficiency.


The field of autonomous vehicle dynamics as the theory of such a vehicle in motion is to control the vehicle's properties (vehicle running abilities) in the interaction of the vehicle and it's surroundings. This interaction itself appears through forces acting on a vehicle. To control these forces leads to control the properties of a vehicle in motion such as tractive and velocity properties, fuel consumption, turnability, ride stability and others. This paper proposes a novel theory of autonomous vehicles in motion. This theory allows parallel control of the forces acting on a vehicle, which leads to considerable improvement of the vehicle's running abilities. This paper presents the interrelation between the criteria of vehicle running abilities and output characteristics of vehicle systems, which control the vehicle forces. To optimise a vehicle's running abilities require optimisation of the combinations of forces acting on a vehicle. To provide optimum control of these forces, a methodical investigation of force combinations is proposed to be implemented for the sub-system of wheel patch – powertrain, and for the sub-system of wheel patch – suspension system – steering system – vehicle body. This is a way to research and design autonomous systems, too. To illustrate the process of defining the optimum combination of forces acting on a vehicle in motion, a multiple criteria optimisation problem of the wheel driving forces and, accordingly, output characteristics of wheel drive systems are being considered in this paper. Mathematically, the problem is based on the parallel controlling of tractive and velocity properties, fuel consumption performance, turnability, and ride stability of a vehicle. The problem is then reduced to a single criterion optimisation with limitations of the rest of criteria and limitations of optimised parameters. The development reported in the paper includes an application of the theory to a 12-wheeled highway truck. A mathematical model for studying the truck's running abilities is given based on the inverse dynamics problem. Optimal combinations of the wheel driving forces and a logical control strategy are presented to operate traction control (anti slip regulation – ASR).


The approaches in asymmetric synthesis as the chiron approach, chiral auxiliaries, chiral reagents and asymmetric catalysis are described in a simplified way.


Geochemical signatures of groundwater in the Hardrock Aquifer of Mailam block which forms a part of Tindivanam Taluk, Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India, were used to identify the chemical processes that control hydrochemistry. The study area covering an area of 285 sq.km which lies in the northern part of Tamil Nadu forms a part of Tondiyar basin. The area also includes a number of rainfed tanks and streams. It serves as a source for groundwater to irrigate the area. The present study is about geochemical characterization of groundwater, its suitability for drinking, domestic and irrigational purposes. About 32 groundwater samples were collected for this purpose from the study area and all the samples underwent geochemical analysis for various water quality parameters such as pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), TDS, and major ion concentrations Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, HCO3, SO4. All the analytical values were computed by employing HYCH (a computer programme) for ionic balance of analytical values. Based on HYCH output all the groundwater samples were evaluated for suitability for drinking, domestic and agricultural purposes. The geographic information system-based spatial distribution map of different major elements was prepared using ArcGIS 9.2. In comparison with WHO(1993) and IS-10500(1991) for the permissible limit of drinking water, a majority of the ground water samples in the study area fall within the maximum permissible limit. Some on the basis of TDS and due to hardness of the groundwater did not meet the permissible limit for domestic purposes. Other chemical parameters such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio, percentage of sodium etc. which were calculated to determine the suitability of groundwater for irrigational purposes were found to be good. In the Gibb's diagram, majority of the samples fall under rock dominance field and little under Evaporation field.


Hantaviruses belong to the family of Bunyaviridae, and small mammals host them. Humans are infected either by inhaling virus-containing aerosols or through contact with animal droppings. Even if rodents host the pathogenic species and humans are dead-end hosts, they get accidentally infected. Andes Orthohantavirusus (ANDV) seems to be the only species with documented person-to-person transmission. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) are both serious syndromes associated with hantavirus infections. For both syndromes, the mortality rate is near 40%. Decades of studies already highlighted the CpG repression in RNA viruses, and both the estimation of the CpG odds ratio and the correlation with their genome polarity were dominant factors to figure out the CpG bias. We conducted the differential analysis of the CpG odds ratio for all the orthohantaviruses on the full segmented genomes (L, M, S). The results suggested the statistical significance of the three groups. The "Small" genomes resulted in the more informative from the CpG odd ratio point of view. We calculated the CpG odds ratio for all the Orthohantaviruses within these segments, and besides, we estimated the correlation coefficient with the relative coding sequences (CDS). Preliminary results firstly confirmed the CpG odds ratio as the lowest among all the nucleotides. Second, highlighted the Andes virus as that whose CpG odds ratio within CDS is highest. The use of these two measures as features for unsupervised clustering algorithms has brought to the identification of four different sub-groups inside of the Orthohantaviridae family. The evidence is that the Andes Hantavirus exhibits a peculiar CpG odds ratio distribution, probably linked to its unique prerogative to pass from human-to-human.


Synthesis 2003, No. 1, 30 12 2002. Article Identifier: 1437-210X,E;2003,0,01,0024,0026,ftx,en;M04102SS.pdf. © Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York ISSN 0039-7881 Abstract: 1-Alkyl-1,2,4-triazoles were quaternized at N-4 in >98% isolated yields using polyfluoroalkyl halides under neat reaction conditions at 100–120 °C to form 1-R-4-Rf-triazolium (Taz) halides. Metathesis of these polyfluoroalkylated triazolium halides with fluorine-containing anions led to the formation of new ionic liquids, [R(Rf)Taz]+Y–.


The results of experimental investigations of electrical and thermal characteristics of a vortex plasma torch with a reverse vortex, generated in a hollow blind-end electrode, are presented. It is shown that the reverse vortex essentially improves the performance of the plasma torch and contributes to an increase in the thermal efficiency and enthalpy of the plasma jet.


Objective: In the present study, the antihepatotoxic activity of the various extracts of the whole plant of Cayratia carnosa was evaluated using paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Method: The degree of protection against liver toxicity was determined by measuring the serum biochemical parameters viz. SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase), SGOT (serum glutamine oxalo acetate transaminase), ALP (serum alkaline phosphatase) and Bilirubin (Total, Direct and Indirect). In addition, histopathological examination of the liver was also studied. Silymarin at the dose of 25 mg/kg, p.o. was used as reference standard drug and it exhibited significant hepato-protection. Result: Ethanolic extract at 400 mg/kg, which was comparable to that of standard drug silymarin while the aqueous extract 200 mg/kg treated animals exhibited the least hepato-protective activity. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study provide a scientific support to the traditional folkloric use of Cayratia carnosa as a hepato-protective


This, the first of two volumes on learning and emotion, is divided into four parts, of which the two most substantial (Parts 2 and 3) concern the evolution of the vertebrate nervous system and comparative studies of learning. The fourth part discusses the potential role of emotion in the evolution of learning; although a fifth part is referred to at the end of Chapter 1, it does not appear to exist. Despite the intrinsic interest of the subject matter, this book does not make exciting reading. This is mainly because Livesey's approach is uncritical. He relies throughout on appeals to authorities, giving extensive quotations from work written in previous decades (there are very few references to work later than 1982). What is particularly irritating about this technique is that when two authorities contradict each other, Livesey does not analyse the nature of their difference, does not try to resolve it, and does not make clear his own opinion. Livesey's account of vertebrate brain evolution suffers from the fact that it relies almost entirely on anatomical data (often very dated) and ignores modern physiological evidence. He claims, for example (p. 54), that there is a major contrast between birds and mammals in the "dominance" of the midbrain over the forebrain in vision, without mentioning the work (either physiological or anatomical) of Hodos, Karten, and their colleagues showing substantial parallels between birds and mammals in forebrain visual processing. His account of brain size evolution is equally uncritical. The work of von Bonin and Jerison is presented with an indication that it provides a method for quantifying relative brain size. But nowhere does Livesey discuss the rationale for that method, nor the significance of the slope of the function relating brain and body weight data. The general line of Livesey's discussion of comparative work on learning may be divined from his use (p. 147) of the unfortunate phrase "as we ascend the phylogenetic scale". Thus his account of the delayed response task cites Fletcher's 1965 conclusion that there is a "general correlation between phylogenetic status and performance in the delayed-response problem"


Resumen. The threat posed by counterfeiting of pharmaceutical products is not a novelty: many authorities and organizations have long been fighting against these activities, including the WHO (World Health Organization). In this work, the K-means algorithm was used for a Raman spectral analysis of 8 different laboratories that manufactured commercial tablets with ciprofloxacin as active ingredient. A Raman DXR Thermoscientific spectroscopy system was used for the analysis of these laboratories, using a 780 nm laser source with a power of 24 mW. 75 spectra were recorded by each laboratory in a range from 100 to 3300 cm-1. From the analysis, it was verified that laboratories A, C, D, E, F and H are concentrated in clusters 1 and 2. On the other hand, laboratories B and G appear in clusters 3-5 and 5-6 respectively. We concluded that the combination of Raman spectroscopy and K-means technique is a robust tool for the spectral analysis of drugs in order to identify adulterations or counterfeiting in their active principle. The future work consists in the creation of a calibration curve of the active principle in order to verify the actual concentrations in each commercial tablet.


This research discusses integrated social media Instagram and sociolinguistics, especially in colloquial. Instagram is social media that provides some features for its users to share a series of pictures and videos. When post pictures, users can add a caption to identify or give a brief description about the picture. This research concerned about the colloquial found on Awkarin's Instagram caption. There are two research problems (1) What are colloquial words found on Awkarin's Instagram caption (2) What are the meaning of colloquial found on Awkarin's Instagram caption.
To reveal both research problems, this research employes descriptive qualitative design. This research also applied research object and subject as follows; colloquial words and Awkarin's Instagram caption. Document analysis is applied as the instrument of this research
Overall, this research gained 28 colloquial which was taken from July 6, 2017 until December 28, 2017. As divided by Part of Speech, 8 colloquials are indicated as Noun, 4 colloquials are indicated as Verb, 3 colloquials are indicated as Adjective, 6 colloquials are indicated as Pronoun, 2 colloquials are indicated as Preposition, 1 colloquial is indicated as Conjunction, 1 colloquial is indicated as Article, 2 colloquials are indicated as Quantifier, and 1 colloquial is indicated as Modal.


We present a self-adaptive hyper-heuristic capable of solving static and dynamic instances of the capacitated vehicle routing problem. The hyper-heuristic manages a generic sequence of constructive...


Endometriosis patients undergoing in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET) treatment suffer from poor oocyte quality, a reduced likelihood of the fertilization rate, and low embryo quality. The dysregulation of immune cells and cytokine profiles in the follicular fluid (FF) may play an important role in the competence of the oocyte and the development of the embryo, but the mechanism remains largely unknown.


DC / DC converter 20 is directly connected to the system relays (SR1, SR2), without having to insert between the main battery (MB). The DC / DC converter 20 is a voltage step-down the electric power supplied from the main battery (MB) of the high voltage supply and the auxiliary battery (SB). DC / DC converter control circuit 30 is powered from the main battery (MB) to control the step-down operation of the DC / DC converter 20. Even if the secondary battery (SB), and the DC / DC converter 20 corresponds to the control signal output from the DC / DC converter control circuit 30 using the main battery (MB) as a power source.


The Hamilton – Jakobi method for classical mechanics in Grassmann algebra. Abstract. In the present work the classical mechanics in Grassmann algebra is investigated. The Hamilton – Jakobi method is formulated, and the Jakobi theorem is proved for the degenerated theories in Grassmann algebra. Examples of using of the Hamilton – Jakobi method have been considered. The solution of the classical system characterized by the SUSY Lagrangian is found.


Objective: To know the speech of a collective understanding about the sport dentistry (SD) was the aim of this study. Methods: We used the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD), settled in the theory of social representations (SR). The study included two foundations of sports and the sample, intentional, comprised 5 leaders responsible for this institutions, 9 coaches and 46 athletes. Inclusion criteria required that the foundations are of outstanding importance in the state sports scene, using as parameter the champions of the last ten years of the most important state competition: Games of Santa Catarina. With Qualiquantisoft software the CSD was prepared and the analysis of the results was based on the theoretical framework of interdisciplinarity. Results: The DSC was structured in seven central ideas (CI): CI 1: The concept of health: Health is a global process and the dentist / Dentistry is also important in this process; CI 2: The health of the high-performance athlete: the athletes belong to a sphere of the population that requires special care and requires trained health professionals to deal with these; CI 3: The health professional work in sport: this is often incipient and without bond, based on agreements and specific contracts; CI 4: The workplace of sports health professionals: it would be better used if performed within the training ground to speed recovery and prevent shortages; CI 5: Dentists actions in sport: the dentist could develop diagnostic activities, curative treatment, prevention and guidance, multidisciplinary, integrated with a robust program of support for the sport, but would face some difficulties initially, mainly related to infrastructure ; CI 6: Athlete difficulties in oral health maintenance: monitoring of oral health is favorable, since the athletes can not search the dentist for the burden of treatment and why not be a priority; CI 7: The dentist work in sport: the proximity of the dentist with the coaching staff would bring improvements to the work, prevention gain importance, benefiting income. Conclusions: The vision of the collective on the dentist work within the sporting context is more focused on prevention and health guidelines. The speech held that the SD will bring benefits to athletes as decreased absence in practice and completeness of health care; that high performance athletes are a specific population, which requires the monitoring of a specialized interdisciplinary team of health to achieve better results, including the


A partial friction heterogeneity model of a random-compacted granular pack can be formulated using two parameters (fp,f(μ)) to account for (1) macroscopic stress heterogeneity distribution of grain packs and (2) microscopic partial friction on the area of grain contact. This proposed partial friction heterogeneity model indicates that surface friction between grain contact is nonignorable, which results in tangential loading path being irreversible. Meanwhile, the tangential stress causes partial sliding on grain contact surface. Macroscopically, the effective shear modulus increases when either fraction of partial slip grain contacts or micro-friction on the area of grain contacts increases.


The objective of the Building Disaster Resilience to Disasters through Risk Management and Climate Change Adaptation Project is to strengthen the capacity of IGAD in providing policy advice and support of its Member States on disaster and climate risk management and promoting resilient development. The task team and IGAD PIU have jointly conducted assessment on the implementation of the project planned activities periodically, and the results have made IGAD to request the Bank to consider extending 5 more months of the current closing date to fully achieve the project development objectives. Given the current satisfactory project status and the review of the work program for CY19 and CY20 submitted by IGAD, the Bank team is supportive of this request. Despite IGAD has accelerated the execution of project activities and delivered several outputs, a few activities which are key to the realization of the PDO are yet to be implemented within initial project-end-date which 31st December 2019. As at now, the undisbursed fund stands at US dollar 1,450,000 which will be challenging to absorb properly within the remaining four months.


Regular physical activity is highly recommended in subjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) because of its beneficial impact on body composition, cardiovascular disease risk profile, glucose control and psychological wellbeing. However, exercise is challenging for many individuals with T1D, particularly due to the fear of hypoglycaemia, loss of glycaemic control and lack of motivation. The aim of this commentary is to briefly summarize the patterns of dysregulation of glucose homeostasis during and after exercise in subjects with T1D. In addition, we focus on carbohydrate intake and adjustment of insulin dosing as the main strategies used in clinical settings to optimize glucose control and prevent hypoglycaemia before, during and after exercise.


With the action of catalyst and a small quantity of solubilization agent, a series of self-emulsified PDMS/ PU micro emulsion was synthesized with diketene/polyether(PTMG) as soft segment, toluene diisocyanate(IPDI) as hard segment and N - methyl diethanolamine as chain- expanding agent. The proportion of soft and hard segment in PTMG / PU, solvent, soft segment molecular weight, dosage of expanding- chain agent and influence of AKD content to emulsion stability and sizability were studied. The results show that when AKD - PU dosage(to bond dry fiber)= 0.2%, APAM dosage = 0.025% and AKD / PU = 2, dimethyl sulfate / PU = 0.3, expanding-chain agent / PU = 0.3, the sizing effect of neutral sizing agent on wheat straw pulp was satisfactory.


Based on the research and analysis of interactive text properties, the word frequency statistics and synonyms merger are imported to obtain the keywords of interactive text. The Sentence similarity is used to describe the degree of coupling between sentences. Then a novel topic partition algorithm based on average sentence similarity is proposed. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the algorithm. Along with the mining of the deep correlations among texts, the algorithm precision and accuracy will be improved.


【Objective】To the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosis of malignant superficial lymphadenopa-thy in aged.【Methods】The ultrasound data of 257 aged cases with superficial lymphadenopathy found by physical examination were analyzed retrospectively.Testing consistency between ultrasound and definite diagnosis,and calculated the specificity,sensitivity and accuracy of ultrasound.【Results】The diagnosis of ultrasound has good consistency with definite diagnosis(P0.001),the specificity,sensitivity and accuracy of ultrasound was 88.6%,81.3% and 86.7% respectively.【Conclusions】Color Doppler ultrasonography has high diagnostic value in screeing malignant superficial lymphadenopathy in aged,and could be use as a early screening tool.


The topological properties of matter strongly influence quantum transport in solid-state systems. The same ideas can be applied to photonics systems, e.g. waveguide arrays or photonic crystal structures, for which a proper band engineering can lead to the creation of topologically protected surface states of light [1, 2]. Such photonic states, thanks to their remarkable robustness against scattering with lattice imperfections and defects, potentially find important applications in the field of integrated quantum photonics, where the high fidelity of devices operations is among the primary requirements. In fact, several topological photonics systems have been studied experimentally [1, 2], but the quantum interference between topologically protected single photon states, which is the key ingredient for topological photonics-based quantum devices, is yet to be explored.


This paper takes an embodied approach to the lived experiences and everyday politics of liminal neighborhoods and infrastructures in Delhi's unauthorized colonies, which lack official entitlements to networked infrastructures such as water and sewerage. Bringing a feminist political ecology lens to critical infrastructure studies, I show how gendered social relations, subjectivities, and the unequal experience of urban liminality are tied to accessing water and its fragmented infrastructures beyond the network. In particular, liminal infrastructural space is produced in unauthorized colonies through not only these neighborhoods' quasi-legal status and unequal access to urban water, but also through gendered discourses and the socially differentiated ways water infrastructures are co-produced, managed, and made livable by residents. As water is primarily accessed beyond the network via tubewells and tankers, I demonstrate how these fractured modalities ultimately constitute gendered infrastructural assemblages that enable water's circulation across neighborhoods but also serve to deepen forms of gendered marginality and differentiation. Here, gendered infrastructural practices and labor to negotiate and supplement fragmented components of water infrastructure shape subjectivities and possibilities for social relations and urban claims-making. These infrastructural assemblages expose both the situated experience of urban liminality, as well as its transcendent possibilities.