Intracranial hypertension is the most frequent cause of death or disability following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Marked intracranial hypertension due to brain edema reduces the perfusion pressure in capillary blood vessels, leading to hypoxia and further damage to brain tissue through ischemic injury. Thus, intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is a recommended standard procedure for the management of severe TBI [1,2]. In addition, first-tier therapies, including head elevation, optimized sedation, normalization of arterial carbon dioxide pressure, and the use of mannitol, hypertonic saline, neuromuscular blockade, and external ventricular drainage are used to control ICP [1]. However, many patients with severe TBI have intracranial hypertension that is refractory to these first-tier therapies, and decompressive procedures, including subtemporal decompression, temporal lobectomy, and hemispheric or bilateral decompressive craniectomy are often required to control ICP. Decompressive craniectomy is the strongest therapy for decreasing ICP. Although the efficacy of the above procedures for improving patient outcome remains controversial, several reports have suggested that decreasing ICP is efficacious [3-6].


A wideband, low-profile, tightly coupled antenna array with a simple feed network is presented. The dipole and feed networks in each unit cell are printed on both sides of a single RT/Duroid 6010 substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 10.2. The feed network, composed of meandered impedance transformer and balun sections, is designed based on Klopfenstein tapered microstrip lines. The wide-angle impedance matching is empowered by a novel wideband metasurface superstrate. For the optimum design, scanning to 70° along the E-plane is obtained together with a very high array figure of merit PA = 2.84. The H-plane scan extends to 55°. The broadside impedance bandwidth is 5.5:1 (0.80–4.38) GHz with an active voltage standing-wave ratio value ≤2. The overall height of the array above the ground plane is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.088\lambda _{\mathrm {L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{\mathrm {L}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of operation. A prototype was fabricated and tested to confirm the design concepts.


Little is known about the influence of physiotherapists' characteristics and treatment modalities on the number of treatment sessions in Nigeria. This study was designed to evaluate the factors influencing the number of treatment sessions for patients with low back pain (LBP). Three hundred and eleven practising physiotherapists based in Nigeria participated in this study (77.8% response rate). They were required to complete a 31-item closed-ended questionnaire, which collected information on demographic data, work experience and treatment activities. Data was represented using bar charts, frequency and percentage. Chi-square was used to determine significant difference at p = 0.05. About 114 (38.10%) of the respondents employed 10 treatment sessions in the treatment of patients with LBP. Gender, age, areas of interest and educational attainment influenced the number of treatment sessions (p 0.05). The average number of treatment sessions administered to patients with LBP before they are discharged in Nigeria is ten sessions. This was influenced by gender, age, areas of interest and educational attainment. There was a general consensus that a treatment guideline is needed for proper management of patients with LBP.


This paper analyses the account of political obligation given by cosmopolitans and concludes that this account, which depends on a weak or thin connection between members of common humanity, leaves a motivational vacuum at the heart of cosmopolitanism. An alternative view, according to which material ties that bind prompt obligations of justice in a globalising world, is offered. This is 'thick cosmopolitanism'.


The frequencies and dampings of the zone-center optical phonons E2 and A1(LO) in wurtzite-type GaN and AlN layers have been measured by Raman spectroscopy in the temperature range from 85 to 760 K. The GaN layer was grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and the AlN layer by molecular beam epitaxy both on sapphire substrate. The experimentally obtained frequencies and dampings are modeled by a theory taking into account the thermal expansion of the lattice, a symmetric decay of the optical phonons into two and three phonons of lower energy, and the strain in the layers induced by the different thermal expansion coefficients of layer and substrate. The results were used to determine the local temperature of a GaN pn diode in dependence on the applied voltage.


Coordination complexes with metal ions Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Cr(III), and VO(II) with six ligands formed by condensation products using azides and aldehydes or ketones are characterized. Both the ligands and the complexes synthesized are characterized by C, H, N, Cl and metal analyses, IR, UV-Vis, TGA, and magnetic susceptibility for tentative structure proposal. Several of them are screened for their toxicity (i.e., physiological activity) against fungal species Rhizoctonia solani and Acrocylindrium oryzae and a bacterium, Xanthomonas oryzae on rice pathogens. The study shows that the observed physiological activity is enhanced for the metal complexes as compared to the simple metal salts or ligands, except in the case of L3 or HAEP ligand, where the free –OH and –NH2 groups on the ligand seemed to have inhibited the activity. It is also observed that the order of activity has a dependence on the increased atomic weight of the metal ion in use. In some cases, especially the VO(II) complexes, they are found to be better than the standards in use, both for the fungicides and for the bactericide.


The study aimed to develop a 7E model lesson on Earth Systems and implement it through the lesson study approach. The developed lesson was based on the standards provided by the Department of Education in the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Senior High School where it underwent a series of validation, revision and evaluation for further improvement prior to its implementation. The study tested the effects of the developed 7E model lesson on the conceptual understanding of the respondents. The developed 7E model lesson was implemented through lesson study approach to the three class sections of Grade 11 STEM of Iligan City National High School, School Year 2017-2018. Achievement test was conducted to the respondents. The result of the study shows that respondents exposed to the developed 7E model lesson had significant higher test scores in the post-test as compared to the pre-test. Result implies that there is a positive significant impact of the 7E model lesson on the conceptual understanding of the respondents on Earth Systems.


This paper analyzes on the new situation faced by public library's acquisitioning work,introduces the features of the literature resources acquisitioning,and puts forward some new measures for the acquisitioning work.


High-frequency severe atherosclerosis/calcinosis is observed in diabetes mellitus and chronic dialysis, which leads to cardiovascular events. However, the effective treatment for suppressing the progression of vascular calcification has not been established. Here we review the mechanism of vascular calcification and present our findings that a first generation of bisphosphonate is useful in prevention of vascular calcification in diabetes and chronic renal failure.


speech act verbs in old and modern English periods is as successful as its impressively systematic handling of the pragmatic features identified, but its scanty theoretical background narrows its readership strictly to professionals in meta-pragmatics. Simon-Vandenberg and Defour take a (meta-)pragmatic look at verbs of answering such as answer, rejoin, reply, respond and retort. They observe that answer, reply and respond, which are frequent in modern English, show different degrees of development across the periods; that answer was most eminently used in the periods; that reply, which occurred as a formal alternative to answer, was more prominently used in Late Modern English; that respond, which has gained frequency over time, is more versatile because of its 'react' sense; and that rejoin and retort have not been frequent because they have too specific a sense and because they are associated with formal usage. The strength of this contribution lies in its statistical and stylistic execution methods which successfully establish the relative prominence of the lexemes studied, but its conclusion is not sufficiently helpful in providing information about the full range of the findings and research value of the contribution. Hübler makes an interesting exploration into paralinguistic communication through lexical choices such as oopsy (noun) and num (verb). He observes that the items were particularly prominent in the 16th and 17th centuries, a situation which leads him to draw the inference that the paralinguistic behaviours represented were popular in face-to-face interaction during these centuries. He provides interesting background historical, structural and textual details, which soften the relatively rocky terrains he treads in the analysis. Equally interesting is his negotiation of non-verbal items through verbal texts. However, the lack of a theorization of the concepts being adapted to analysis reduces readers' freedom with his discussion. All the chapters in Part 2, and those in the other two parts of the book, contain exhaustive analyses which clearly define their areas of operation. There is a rare conceptual and analytic depth in the volume which cracks the hard and technical layers of the discipline of meta-pragmatics. But the internal structure of chapters throughout the book could have been more coherent. Also, more review of theoretical perspectives in the chapters could have further enriched the contributions. Overall, Investigations into the Meta-communicative Lexicon of English is a masterful and frontline demonstration of the vibrant field of meta-pragmatics in terms of the analysis presented. Its completely engaging style is a testimony to the authoritative scholastic depth both of the editors and of the authors. I strongly commend it to all scholars who are interested in pragmatics and other related disciplines, such as discourse analysis, stylistics, applied linguistics, anthropology, historical linguistics and semiotics.


Climate change has become an important issue of research for understanding the long term as well as short term behaviour of weather. Large number of world bodies came together to discuss about the pattern of climate change across the region and its worldwide impact. Also scientists have been trying to relate the changing weather pattern with various possible reasons identified through the scientific and technical causal relations of various earth matters. At one point of time, there was a doubt whether the climate phenomenon is the effect of various socio-economic interventions on the environmental resources or it is a natural phenomenon that happens on its own rule in a cyclical manner. Over the years, arguments of the human interventions gain prominence over the counterarguments. The human interventions, however, depend on the growing human needs of diversified nature. Thus, various weather factors have been isolated and examined with reference to the variation in various agricultural, industrial, forest based and numerous other activities. On these burgeoning activities human control can be applied through the control of greed and planned development activities.


This robot is designed for handling loads on construction sites of buildings or public works. A motorized carrier (1) comprises a swiveling mast (9) and a folding and retractable arm (16) hinged to the top of the mast and made of several elements (17,18,19) hinged together. The end of the arm (16) is linked, by a motorized link (29), with a motorized compensator arm (2) telescopic and orientable, having at least one redundant degree of freedom and equipped with a gripper carrier (36) detection of active compliance efforts to supporting a gripper (3). command and control means are provided for motorisation of the carrier (1), of the compensator arm (2) and the connection (29), while other means with energy, command and control the gripper (3) .


This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © Sleep Research Society 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Sleep Research Society. Letter to the Editor Chronotype preference and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes


The last two decades have witnessed a surge in studies of youth culture and social practice. In Africa, as elsewhere, this body of youth-centred research and writing has devoted considerable attention to specific groups within a given country's young population, while largely neglecting others seen to lack either culturally innovative or politically subversive traits. Youths in large cities and young combatants involved in insurgency or counter-insurgency have shared centre stage in studies of youthful Africa. This article argues for broadening the research agenda of African youth studies, calling for increased attention to the interpretive work performed by provincial youths as they try to understand and hopefully alter the future prospects of their communities in the new century. It shows how ideas about the meanings of globalisation and 'the millennium', intertwined with experiences of a recent refugee 'crisis', are shaping Guinean youths' socio-political reflections and yearnings. In doing so, it stresses just how complicated and cosmopolitan 'provincial' life, particularly for young people, has become in Guinea's forest region, as well as the variety and sophistication of the historical 'materials' and interpretive schemes through which these youths depict and judge possible local futures.


Dental anthropology has been developed for 100 years in China. In this paper, the author reviews the articles on dental anthropology related to Chinese materials in the past one hundred years and briefly introduces the issues involved such as human evolution, and the interaction of different populations in historical periods. Results and discussion. The work of foreign scholars has been the foundation of Chinese paleoanthropology and dental anthropology since the discovery of the Hetao human teeth and the Zhoukoudian site. Since then, dental anthropology in China has gone through a phase of material accumulation, a phase of introducing the American ASUDAS in the 1990s, and a phase of prosperity in the last 30 years. The numerous discoveries and the application of new techniques have brought Chinese dental anthropology to an international level. Until now, there are more than 70 human fossil sites in China, over 60 of which contain human dental remains. Less material has been found from the early Pleistocene, and there is some controversy on whether they belong to the genus Homo. While early Middle Pleistocene Homo erectus teeth show primitiveness and some special features, the late Middle Pleistocene human teeth show greater variability, and mosaic features, and there is some controversy on whether some fossils belong to early Homo sapiens or other taxa. The Late Pleistocene human dentition is related to the question of how and when early modern human appeared in China and the evolution of early modern humans. However, due to the incompleteness of the material, the question of human origins is a matter of multidisciplinary and comprehensive interpretation. About 10 sites were studied from Neolithic to modern human dentition using the American ASUDAS. These results show the consistency of non-metric traits in teeth and skulls, display differences between northern and southern Chinese populations, and reveal the exchange between northwestern Chinese and western populations. Some of these results have been confirmed by paleogenomics. Conclusion. Anthropologists began to pay more attention to the morphology of modern human teeth. In the future, the application of new methods and the collection of modern human materials will help us better understand the evolution of ancient humans, population interaction.


The assodation of a metastatic caranoma with a cerebral vasailar malformation is presented. Although metastases into slow growing. vascular intracranial tumors are occasionally reported. this assodation does not seem to be reported previously. This case supports the hypothesis that distribution of intraaanial metastases


Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a rapidly growing burden, especially in developing countries, posing a high economic burden on low- and middle-income countries. Over 50 million people worldwide experience trauma through RTA every year, it is the 3rd leading cause of disability. Objectives of our study: The objectives of our study is to estimate the prevalence of PSTD among the survivors of RTA visiting out tertiary care centre. Methodology: Demographic information, accident profile and clinical profile of the subjects included in the study were noted. Diagnosis of PSTD was based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PSTD, it consisted of 20 item self-report measure, each item score ranges from 0 to 4, 0 indicates not at all, 1 indicates little bit, 2 indicates moderately, 3 indicates quite a bit and 4 indicates extremely. The total score is 80 and obtained by summing the scores of the 20 items. A cutoff score >33 was used for the provisional diagnosis of PTSD. Results: Out of the 300 subjects met with RTA, 68 subjects met the criteria of diagnosis of PTSD at 95% Confidence Interval [ CI = 22.68 - 28.54], the prevalence was found to be 22.6%.


Summary The commitment to teaching of students in a university department of education, graduates in two colleges of education and students on BEd and three‐year courses in the two colleges of education is compared. A higher proportion of those in postgraduate training than on BEd and certificate courses indicated teaching as their ideal career. However, when firmness of intention to make a career in education and hoped‐for lifestyles were considered, it was the concurrently trained BEd students together with the consecutively trained postgraduates who emerged as the more committed. Thus from this point of view course pattern per se does not seem important. It is suggested that commitment to teaching in the sense of intentions rather than aspirations is related to the extent to which career prospects are thought to be more or less favourable. Women students were consistently more favourably disposed towards actual school teaching than men. Implications for the proposals of the James Committee are discussed.


Time series of total atmospheric column water vapor as determined from SSM/I measurements and tropospheric air temperatures from a complete reanalysis of the MSU channel 2 record are analyzed on various spatial and temporal scales in order to elucidate corresponding correlations between these two climate change proxies. Strong correlations between spatial averages over complete circulation systems are observed on time scales ranging from seasonal through interannual to decadal, with the vapor/temperature scaling largely consistent with that expected from the Clausius-Clapeyron thermodynamic relation. As the temperature-water vapor feedback is a critical element in warming amplification by greenhouse gas heat trapping, with much of the variability in global circulation models climate response estimates arising from different vapor parameterizations, application of a hierarchy of correlation and fingerprinting techniques utilizing these two highly stable and precise observational data sets should enable significant improvements in comparative validation of competing model treatments of the T-V feedback dynamics. SATELLITE DATA AND TIME SERIES METHODOLOGY SSM/I Integrated Water Vapor The 1987-2001 water vapor time series is a newly derived climate product based on Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data from satellite radiometers flying on polar orbiting platforms operated by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). SSM/I measures the Earth's upwelling microwave radiation at 19, 22, 37 and 85 GHz. The 22 GHz channel, centered on a weak water vapor absorption line, enables precise measurements of integrated column water vapor, W. Remote Sensing Systems' Version 5 algorithm matches observations to a radiative transfer model to estimate W given the measured SSM/I upwelling brightness temperature, TB. The retrieval of W depends on the high contrast between the radiometrically cold sea-surface and warm water vapor, so retrievals are currently only feasible over the oceans (Wentz 1997) due to the lack of accurate models of land surface emissivity. The effective height of the water vapor retrieval is roughly 2.3 km, with the vast majority of total atmospheric water being contained in the lower troposphere. SSM/I observations are available twice daily on a 0.25° grid (http://www.remss.com) with local crossing times around 06:00 and 18:00. Typical rms differences between the SSM/I retrieved water vapor and radiosonde measurements are 10-15%, the bulk of which arises from the spatial and temporal sampling mismatch between the large satellite footprint (44 km) and point radiosonde observations (Wentz 1997). Error analysis indicates that the rms accuracy of the SSM/I vapor retrieval for a single 44km footprint is approximately 4%. Zonal and diurnal averaging further reduces noise levels of the vapor time


A static mixer for mixing element having a first longitudinal axis and at least a second mounting arranged in succession along the body. The inlet element is connected by a connecting member mounted to the first body and on its upstream side and a body having a peripheral edge in the mixer housing sealably disposed. And a second body having a first inlet channel extending spatially separate, the first inlet channel has a first inlet opening and a first discharge opening, the second inlet passage with a second inlet opening and a second discharge opening. Advance chamber through the first inlet passage to the outlet side of the body, the connecting element, the inner wall of the mixer housing and a first mounting body defined. Second inlet passage extends from the discharge opening to the inner space of the connecting element, and the continuous channel extending from the inner space to the mixing space of the first installation body. In the normal to the longitudinal axis and disposed at the mixer inlet section plane, with respect to the remaining free cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of the continuous channel is at least 4: 1.


Object: Arachnoid cysts (AC) are benign, fluid-filled lesions of the arachnoid membrane accounting for approximately 1% of intracranial lesions. We utilized 3D volumetric measurement techniques to evaluate AC volumetric changes with open craniotomy or endoscopic approach for cyst fenestration in pediatric patients, focusing on correlation with patient age, clinical features, and surgical outcomes. Methods: Pediatric patients (≤18 years old) with AC who had undergone treatment with open craniotomy or endoscopic approach for AC fenestration were identified from medical records. The volume of the intracranial AC were modeled before and after surgical intervention with Brain Lab software. Results: Nineteen patients (3 females and 16 males) were included (mean age 6.5±5.5 years; range 0-18 years). The patients were distributed into three groups based on age: 0-3 years, 3.5-8 years, ≥9 years. Comparison of both preand post-operative volumes demonstrated no statistical difference between age groups, but evaluation of percent change between preand post-operative volumes revealed statistically significant greater decrease in volume reduction in both older age groups (3.5-8 years and ≥9 years) compared to the youngest age group (0-3 years). There was a trend toward increased improvement/resolution of presenting clinical symptoms with increasing age (p=0.01). Subdural hematoma was found to be statistically lower in the 3-8 years group (p=0.03-0.05). Shunt placement was found to be statistically highest in the youngest age group (p=0.03). Conclusion: 3D modeling of surgically treated AC in children provides a consistent quantitative measure to evaluate AC changes over time. Utilizing comparison by age, this study finds significantly greater decreases in cyst volume and greater post-surgical symptom improvement/ resolution with cyst fenestration in older pediatric patients, suggesting support for surgical intervention in these patients. In young children, especially infants, changes in CSF dynamics result in minimal cyst decrease following fenestration and a significant role for shunts. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research Volume 8Issue 5: 2018 Cite this article: Jacqueline Boyle BS, Anthony A, Julian L. 3D Modeling for Comparison of Surgically Treated Intracranial Arachnoid Cysts in Children. BJSTR MS.ID.001705. DOI: 10.2671/BJSTR.2018.08.001705. 6708 and pia was coagulated, a rigid neuroendoscope was introduced directly into the cyst with the endoscopic fenestration technique. Open craniotomy with microscope was also utilized. After establishing the anatomy, blunt dissection was used to fenestrate the wall of the cyst to allow for free communication of the cyst with the ventricular system (cystoventriculostomy) through the lateral and/or the third ventricle. After confirmed hemostasis of the area, the dura mater was sutured, and the skin was closed in two layers. 3D Volumetric Measurement Tumor volumes were calculated using Brain Lab software (Brain lab, Feldkirchen, Germany) with the Smart brush element for detection of anatomical edges of the user-designated AC. Statistical Analysis The data is shown as a mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical differences between groups with continuous variables were compared using 1-way ANOVA t tests. Statistical difference between groups with binary variables (Y/N, sex) were compared using Chi-squared test. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.


This study is an attempt to discuss the articulation and reflection in learning process. Effective teachers never stop exploring different ways to improve student achievement. As there is no single, perfect solution, educators look to research to guide their practice. Recent innovations in cognitive neuroscience have allowed an unprecedented look into the way the brain works. The exciting learning's about brain function and its effects on learning have the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning. Brain research has provided new knowledge about the many ways that humans learn. (Tammy Cave, 2005) Articulate means speaking fluently. It is commonly used in the process of communication. If a person is able to express fluently, the person is good at articulation. Similarly the articulation have a 'clearly express an idea or feeling". In the learning process if the learner has good articulation, then the learning becomes easy for the learner. The issue that we address here is the link between articulation and reflection in meaningful learning. We define meaningful learning in terms of the doctrine of constructivism, and we look at articulation and reflection in terms of what neuroscientists call the executive functions. Of course, neuroscience is not needed to establish the existence nor importance of articulation and reflection.


We performed photometry with a 1 minute time resolution of the symbiotic stars EF Aquilae, AG Pegasi and SU Lyncis in Johnson B and V band. Our observations of the symbiotic Mira-type star EF Aql demonstrate the presence of stochastic light variations with an amplitude of about 0.25 magnitudes on a time scale of 5 minutes. The observations prove the white dwarf nature of the hot component in the binary system. It is the 11th symbiotic star (among more than 200 symbiotic stars known in our Galaxy) which displays optical flickering. For SU Lyn we do not detect flickering with an amplitude above 0.03 mag in B band. For AG Peg, the amplitude of variability in B and V band is smaller than 0.05 mag and 0.04 mag respectively.


Up to the end of the eighteenth century the legal thought of Western civilization still represented by and large a marriage between Christian personalism and Greek rational thought. Hardly anyone seriously queried the existence of a 'natural law'. That law must be rooted in an order of objective values, that the positive enactments of the State derived their validity from their conformity with a rationally conceivable standard of truth, that the coercive power of public authority was therefore legitimate only as long as it did not transgress the bounds drawn by an objective law - all this was accepted as common ground.


A novel non-orthogonal multiple access scheme through the rearrangement of the modulation constellation is proposed in this paper. Each user's modulated symbols are remapped by a permutation function before they are superimposed on different resource elements. The mutual information of the multiuser system is considered as the criterion to find the optimal remapping for each user. The simulated annealing algorithm is employed to realize the optimization. Based on the numerical results in terms of bit error rate, the proposed scheme clearly outperforms the schemes in the literature.


The article deals with the notion of the "ideal", its correlation with the notions of "idea", "appearance", "form", "image", "seeing". The article analyses the contribution to the study made by the Russian philosophers Vladimir Solovyev and Evald Ilyenkov. The authors of the article argue that although they define the ideal differently, both thinkers identify it with the purpose of societal development, culture and history. The article reveals the mutual linkage of such notions as the ideal, the idol and the visibility. The fundamental problem of the discussion lies in determining the source of the ideal. The article uses the rules of deductive and inductive logic, the required analytical procedures, as well as diachronic, comparativehistorical, hermeneutic and phenomenological methods. The authors come to the following relevant conclusions: firstly, the ideal has a dual nature, which accounts for a tendency to identify it with the idol; secondly, childhood experience is the essential source of the ideal.


Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been used in flow regime identification studies. Usage of raw measurements for direct time series analysis of the raw ECT data removes the need for image processing, leading to easier and faster recognition of flow regimes with non-invasive ECT sensor arrays. Based on raw ECT data, a simple algorithm that can be implemented online and provide a priori knowledge of the flow regimes is presented in this paper. In the approach proposed by us, the time series of each inter-electrode normalized capacitance measurements are taken over a suitable duration. Four mathematical operations are considered for data reduction: averaging, computation of standard deviation (SD), and high-pass and low-pass filtering. Eigenvalues of the matrices have been used for recognition of spatial features, free of artefacts caused by rotations. At this stage, the methodology categorizing flowing into stratified smooth, stratified wavy, annular, slug, or plug regimes has been tested with a significant data set of measurements of fully developed air-water flows in horizontal 56-mm diameter pipe. For selected flow regimes, four criteria, based on eigenvalues of matrices formed by raw data from the array of sensors, are tested and validated using both experimental and adequate numerical models of the sensor arrays. Based on the results presented in this paper, the approach using "frame-by-frame" time series analysis is capable of giving valuable process insight using non-intrusive sensing techniques and can be easily adapted to other sensing modalities.


Today's military avionics and computer systems are increasingly required to perform real-time control functions. The higher throughput demands placed on a system performing realtime computations requires a microprocessor to sustain high throughput, while supporting efficient multitasking and uncompromised memory protection. R.eal-time applications also need low interrupt response times and fast context switching. Finally, real-time applications require a processor that responds to events within deterministic time limits. This paper describes how the needs of military real-time embedded applications are met by two Intel Architecture components: the Pentium" processor-90 and the IntelDX4'" microprocessor.


The MacArthur-Wilson equilibrium theory of island biogeography makes various predictions about how island area and distance from a source of colonists affect immigration, extinction, and turnover rates. These predictions (table 1) can vary depending on whether absolute or relative rates are used; the relative rates divide absolute rates by some function of the number of species on the island in question to "control" for differences in species number. The relative rates, because they are ratios of variables, are subject to artifacts of ratio correlation; in particular, were area or distance strongly correlated with species number, as is typical, artifactual correlations between relative rates and area or distance would result, confounding the testing of MacArthur-Wilson predictions. An alternative method of controlling for variation in species number is to include species number as a separate independent variable in multiple regressions having the absolute rates as dependent variables. For a large set of data on orb spiders, this method was shown more consistent and conclusive than regressions having the relative rates as dependent variables. The absolute-rate method is recommended for testing MacArthur-Wilson predictions about area and distance.


In order to improve the response speed and reliability of the bidirectional DC/DC converter in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, extend the life of the hydrogen fuel cell, and thereby improve the performance of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, this paper applies model predictive control (MPC) to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in control with a bidirectional DC/DC converter. First, establish a state-space average model for the converter, and then linearize the model near the stable point to obtain a suitable prediction model. According to the state quantity and input quantity, select a suitable objective function to ensure that the converter has a faster response process. Response speed and small voltage overshoot. Finally, through simulation verification, the model predictive control has achieved the expected effect in the control of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.


The low thermal expansion ceramic system, Ca1–xSrxZr4P6O24, for the compositions with x = 0, 0⋅25, 0⋅50, 0⋅75 and 1 was synthesized by solid-state reaction. The sintering characteristics were ascertained by bulk density measurements. The fracture surface microstructure examined by scanning electron microscopy showed the average grain size of 2⋅47 μm for all the compositions. The thermal expansion data for these ceramic systems over the temperature range 25–800°C is reported. The sinterability of various solid solutions and the hysteresis in dilatometric behaviour are shown to be related to the crystallographic thermal expansion anisotropy. A steady increase in the amount of porosity and critical grain size with increase in x is suggested to explain the observed decrease in the hysteresis.


We have derived an expression for the global stress in inhomogeneous complex copolymer liquids. We apply the principle of virtual work to the free energy as defined in the dynamic mean-field density functional method. This method automatically provides the full stress tensor (deviatoric and isotropic parts) and hence an equation of state for inhomogeneous compressible copolymer melts. The excluded volume interactions and cohesive interactions between chains have been explicitly taken into account. Therefore the expressions for the stress and thermodynamic pressure have a wide range of validity. The connectivity of the chains is automatically accounted for and the free energy adapts very well to changes in the molecule properties. In the limiting case of homogeneous systems it simplifies to known results. In order to study rheological properties of copolymer melts and npT-ensemble simulations, the pressure and stress components have to be calculated at any given moment in time. We show how the pressure and...


Aim To explore the effect of arthroscope on lower limb fractures. Methods From July 1994 to June 1996, 1062 patients with femoral or tibial fractures (495 femoral fractures, 642 tibial fractures) in the same hospital were reviewed. Among them, 176 patients who have shown injury symptoms of the knee and shown instability in physical examination were included in the arthroscopic evaluation. Results Followed up for (25.3±10.7) months, 136 knees (12.8%) were found to have cruciate ligament lesions. In which, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) lesions were in 101 knees (74.3%) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) lesions in 35 knees (25.7%). Avulsion from ligament attachment and partial tear were more than interstitial tear and complete tear. Meniscus lesions occurred in 42.6% of ACL group and 60% of PCL group. But meniscocapsular lesions were more than meniscus rupture itself. Rotatory instabilities (89.1% in ACL group and 77.1% in PCL group) were more than single plane instabilities, which reflect the nature of high energy trauma. Osteochondral fractures and pathologic medical plica were common (8.9% and 16.8 in ACL group, 20% and 25.7% in PCL group). Operative treatments were needed in 33.8% of knees (35.6% of ACL group and 28.6% of PCL group). Lysholm score was 84 in the operative group and 79 in the nonoperative group. The range of motion was (129.1±10.4)° in flexion, and (2.1±1)° in extension. Conclusion Arthroscopic evaluation is valuable in symptomatic knee after femoral or tibial diaphyseal fracture.


Foreword by Geert Bourgeois * Preface by Sabine Haag * Introduction to the exhibition by Elke Oberthaler, Sabine Penot, Manfred Sellink and Ron Spronk, with Alice Hoppe-Harnoncourt * Short Biography of Pieter Bruegel the Elder * Cat. nos. 1 to 87 * Separate E-book featuring five essays


Abstract Nickel nanoparticles and Ni supported on faujasite- zeolite were prepared by using a solution of nickel nitrate of appropriate concentrations. The catalysts with 2.5, 5 and 10% nickel were reduced with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of alkali and used in reduction of p-nitrophenol to p- aminophenol. The prepared Ni catalysts were characterised by X-ray and SEM before and after conducting the reduction of p-nitrophenol.The results showed that catalysts contains nano nickel were durable in reduction of p-nitro phenol to p- amino phenol. The Ni supported on faujasite-zeolite was more active than the unsupported Ni catalyst.


Most of the speech analysis methods developed up to date have been based on the autocorrelation function or power spectrum, i. e., the second order statistics of the signa!. In this paper it is shown that higher order statistics (cumulants) are also very useful in the study and characterization of the speech. A new pitch determination algorithm based on third order statistics is presented and tested in noise corrupted speech, at different levels of signa! to noise ratio, and with different kinds of noise. The results show that this new algorithm give a much better estimation of the pitch that the conventional autocorrelation method in al! the cases.


Gender classification is a challenging problem, which finds applications in speaker indexing, speaker recognition, speaker diarization, annotation and retrieval of multimedia databases, voice synthesis, smart human-computer interaction, biometrics, social robots etc. Although it has been studied for more than thirty years, by no means it is a solved problem. Processing emotional speech in order to identify speakerpsilas gender makes the problem even more interesting. A large pool of 1379 features is created including 605 novel features. A branch and bound feature selection algorithm is applied to select a subset of 15 features among the 1379 originally extracted. Support vector machines with various kernels are tested as gender classifiers, when applied to two databases, namely: the Berlin database of Emotional Speech and the Danish Emotional Speech database. The reported classification results out perform those obtained by state-of-the-art techniques, since a perfect classification accuracy is obtained.


This study is objected to find out and analyze the effect of local taxes on districts/cities regional revenue in North Sumatra; to find out and analyze the effect of regional retribution on districts/cities regional revenue in North Sumatra; and to find out and analyze the effect of regional taxes and regional retribution simultaneously on regional revenues in districts/cities in North Sumatra. The population in this study is audited financial statements in all districts/cities government in North Sumatra, which 33 districts/cities in the period 2016, 2017 and 2018. The samples were selected using the census method. Data is processed using multiple linear regression statistical test methods. The results of this study proved the local taxes affect the district/cities regional revenue in North Sumatra. Therefore, the regional retribution and regional have a simultaneous effect on on regional revenues in districts/cities regional revenue North Sumatera.


Background: The main aim of the study is to compare the change in macular thickness after uncomplicated phacoemulsification versus uncomplicated manual SICS in known diabetic patients by optical coherence tomography
Methods: This study was an observational study involving 50 patients with each group having 25 patients. Group 1 was operated with Phacoemulsification through limbal 2.8 mm incision with Foldable PCIOL implantation. & Manual small incision cataract surgery through 5.5 to 6.5 mm incision with sclerocorneal tunnel with PMMA PCIOL implantation. For all patients, macular OCT was performed during preoperative period & post-op 1st day,7th day, 1st month, 3rd month & 6th month. Statistical software SPSS, version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: In both PHACO & SICS group MCFT rose steadily during post-operative period and SICS group shows high rise during follow up.The MCFT shows a difference between PHACO & SICS group with the highest MCFT observed in 1st month follow up i.e., 231.6 micrometer (SD ±7.831) in PHACO group & 241.64 (SD ±7.35) micrometer in SICS group. The MCFT returned to near pre-op value by the 6th month.
Conclusion: There is no effect of age and sex on macular thickness before and after in both PHACO and SICS groups. In SICS group significant macular thickness was observed as compared to PHACO group, so there should be more cautious to undertake SICS in those patients who are at risk of developing macular edema or who have a higher macular thickness as seen in diabetes patients.

Keywords: Phacoemulsification (PHACO), small incision cataract surgery (SICS), Cystoid macular edema.


The oil-mineral aggregate formation tests are commonly conducted in batch-scale testing apparatus in order to find the effectiveness in reducing the oil concentration in water column. However, for the assessment of effectiveness of mineral as dispersant under real sea state conditions, test protocols are required to have hydrodynamic conditions closer to the natural sea state environment, including transport and dilution effects. To achieve this goal, experimental program designed and constructed in a wave flume system to study the oil-mineral aggregation and it's effectiveness in reducing the oil toxicity, in a controlled mixing energy conditions (non-breaking and breaking waves). Quantification of oil mineral aggregation effectiveness was based on observed changes in dispersed oil concentrations and distribution of oil in the beach sediments. The study results quantitatively demonstrated that total dispersed oil concentration in the water column were strongly dependent on the presence of mineral aggregates and the influence of breaking waves. The effectiveness of application of minerals, as a function of sea state was studied and would be useful in drafting of future operational guidelines for mineral dispersant use at sea.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the SDGs and companies. The Objective of this study to find the relationship between the SDGs and Companies, Sustainability Reporting and Verification of Adherence to GRI Indicators. This study relies on secondary data (Annual Reports, Sustainability Reports, NVG Principles). The study includes Nifty Fifty Companies. The research focuses on the theoretical framework of the SDGs, the GRI Indicators, and NVG Principles of these firms. Further, Scoring Methodology was utilized to collect data for the investigation. Then comes Descriptive Analysis of 17 SDGs, Reporting Practices, and EES Distribution. Chi-Square tests was used as statistical tests. The hypothesis was validated using the Chi-Square test, which revealed that there is relationship between the Economic and Environmental Components and their reporting. However, Social Component proved that there is no association between Social Component and its reporting.
KEYWORDS: Sustainable Development Goals, Global Reporting Index, NVG Principles, NSE Listed, Scoring Methodology.


We reduce the principal problem of Additive Number Theory of whether an infinite sequence of integers constitutes a finite basis for the integers to a Diophantine problem involving the difference set of the sequence, by proving a formula connecting the respective number of solutions.


A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of boron applied at four levels (viz., 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 kg B ha-1) and FYM applied at 0 and 5 t ha-1 on boron concentration as well as dry matter yield of paddy (var. CAU-R1) grown in an acid soil. Results revealed that irrespective of different levels of boron and FYM, there was an increasing trend of boron concentration and dry matter yield up to harvest. Significantly higher boron was accumulated in paddy grown in soil added with boron over control at different crop growth stages. Interaction of boron and FYM levels had no significant influence on boron concentration during the whole experiment. Application of boron @ 2 kg ha-1 and 5 tonnes ha-1 FYM in combination enhanced the boron concentration and dry matter yield at the latter growth stages of paddy. This shows more agronomic effectiveness of boron when applied in combination with FYM.


(Dated: April 16, 2013) We perform a study of the flavour evolution in the early universe of a multi-flavour active-sterile neutrino system with parameters inspired by the short-baseline neutrino anomalies. In a neutrinosymmetric bath a "thermal" population of the sterile state would quickly grow, but in the presence of primordial neutrino asymmetries a self-suppression as well as a resonant sterile neutrino production can take place, depending on temperature and chosen parameters. In order to characterize these effects, we go beyond the usual average momentum and single mixing approximations and consider a multi-momentum and multi-flavour treatment of the kinetic equations. We find that the enhancement obtained in this case with respect to the average momentum approximation is significant, up to ∼ 20% of a degree of freedom. Such detailed and computationally demanding treatment further raises the asymmetry values required to significantly suppress the sterile neutrino production, up to |L�| > O(10 −2 ). For such asymmetries, however, the active-sterile flavour conversions happen so late that significant distortions are produced in the electron (anti)neutrino spectra. The larger |L�|, the more the impact of these distortions takes over as dominant cosmological effect, notably increasing the 4 He abundance in primordial nucleosynthesis (BBN). The standard expression of the primordial yields in terms of the effective number of neutrinos and asymmetries is also greatly altered. We numerically estimate the magnitude of such effects for a few representative cases and comment on the implications for current cosmological measurements.


To the Editor.—
 The collaborative study of Dr van de Bor and associates1 on the effects of hyperbilirubinemia in low birth weight infants in the March issue of Pediatrics was a beautifully executed study that inexplicably has left out a critical piece of information.
 There are no details as to the etiology of the hyperbilirubinemia, ie, ABO or Rh incompatibility or so-called physiological.
 Because there is considerable discussion concerning the potential pathogenicity of bilirubin as it relates to the source of this material, this information should be included in the analysis of hyperbilirubinemia effects.


Abstract The present study examined the possibility of a dissociation between visual information processing and conscious awareness of that processing in patients with unilateral visual neglect. Implicit processing of visual information was measured in the context of a semantic priming task (Experiment 1) in which patients made lexical decisions to centrally located targets following the presentation of lateralised picture primes. Like normal controls, patients with unilateral neglect showed equivalent priming when related picture primes were presented to the left or to the right visual field. This contrasts with the performance of a patient with a dense left hemianopia without neglect who did not show priming from the affected field.


Male sterility was induced in sugar beet plants by cooling treatment at the early bud stage. The percentage of male sterile flowers was higher the longer the cooling treatment and lower the temperature from 5°C to 3°C. Complete male sterility was induced by the treatment at 3°C for 50 days or 5°C for 70 days. Microscopic observations confirmed that the microspores and tapetum cells were more sensitive to cool temperature than somatic cells within a sugar beet anther. Female organs in the male sterile plants under cooling were not fatally injured and they could produce hybrid seeds by crossing with normal pollen. These results indicated that cooling treatment, which induced male sterility in sugar beet plants, was applicable as a method of castration in the breeding system.


Background: Teaching collocation to the students is not as easy as teaching grammar. Mastering collocation helps students to understand well the lesson given by the teachers and to use language to express their ideas properly.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate to what extent text used as teaching media for studying collocation.
Design and methods: A library research was done to gather information on teaching media for students that suitable for studying collocations for increasing language intuition.
Results: The texts that commonly contain collocation is a newspaper feature, a film review, a website for tourists, conversations, lectures, songs, and films.


The invention discloses a preparation method of soybean peptide power. The soybean peptide powder is prepared from soybean meal by steps of fermenting the soybean meal by virtue of high-activity dried yeast, enzymatically hydrolyzing fermentation liquor through trypsin, carrying out high-temperature enzyme deactivation and centrifugal treatment on enzymatic hydrolysate to obtain clear liquid, and spray-drying to obtain the soybean peptide power. The soybean peptide power disclosed by the invention is directly prepared from soybean meal by fermenting with addition of the high-activity dried yeast, enzymatically hydrolyzing through trypsin and spray-drying; the soybean peptide power is broad in raw material source, gentle in technological condition, less in damage to soybean peptide, environmentally friendly and free from pollution; the prepared product is in the powdery form, and is convenient for carrying and deep processing.


initiated in 1981 in Charleston, South Carolina, by Harold Holder and colleagues, and since then has been held in nine diVerent North American locations, including the most recent in Washington in June 2000, organized by the National Crime Prevention Council. While the format and host change from one event to the next, common themes emerge and persist over time. The interaction of research and policy agenda and associated eYcient translation of research into practice is one. Developing partnerships in order to do a better job of overcoming challenges and implementing the most eVective interventions is another. Indeed, many of the richest activities of these conferences include informal meetings, conversations and get-togethers that enable delegates to strengthen partnerships and develop new ones. The Washington meeting in 2000 emphasized these two themes within the frame of alcohol and crime. It was entitled `Alcohol Policy XII Conference ± Alcohol and Crime: Research and Practice for Prevention' . As the title implies, the purpose was to explore a number of dimensions of the alcohol and crime nexus, considering property damage, violence, motor vehicle crashes involving alcohol, other drinking-related oVences and quality of life. Through workshops, plenary papers, discussion and debate, delegates heard about emerging research ® ndings, and recent prevention and practice case experiences. The two themes of research and policy interaction, and building partnerships, were also evident in the roundtable deliberations that preceded the opening plenary session. They emerged frequently in the course of three days, where more than 150 presentations were made in breakout or poster sessions. The planning committee for Alcohol Policy XII also had some more speci® c agenda within the broad frame of alcohol and crime. At least two are worthy of note: providing a forum where the contributions of criminological research on alcohol, and alcohol research on crime might be examined. The conference organizers hoped that the forum would enhance interaction and exchange of ideas and best practice among researchers and practitioners, and among representatives from criminal justice and public health communities. It was hoped that the event would provide a forum where researchers could share their ® ndings and policy implications with community practitioners. Also, it was intended as an event where policy advocates could discuss current eVorts based on current research, or that required more research. The conference was designed to create opportunities for more eVective and sustained interaction between law enforcement and public health communities in reducing drinking-related crime; the plenary events were commissioned with these themes in mind. Four of the plenary presentations are exempli® ed in the papers of this special collection; they illustrate a range of approaches to research questions and policy opportunities. The timing of the conference was fortuitous. There was growing interest in, and funding for, law enforcement and public health eVorts in alcohol policy, as well as international attention on the issues. The themes of the conference resonated with a receptive audience. New interest in, and opportunities for, collaboration across disciplines have become available, particularly in the United States. The conference and the commissioned papers contributed a valuable resource for new eVorts and partnerships in alcohol policy focused on the links to crime. A recurrent question is the relationship between alcohol and crime. While all four papers focus on diVerent aspects of this topic, a cross-cutting theme is that alcohol consumption and its eVects are indeed contributing causes of many crimes, such as many types of violence (Room and Rossow 2001), domestic violence (Leonard 2001), motor vehicle crashes (Fell 2001) and community-level disruptions (Mosher and Jernigan 2001). Both populationlevel studies and those focusing on individuals point to this association. A related question is what happens to rates of problems/incidences ± such as car crashes or violence ± when alcohol is controlled or partially restricted through pricing (Room and Rossow), access restrictions (Mosher and Jernigan), or policy and penalties (Fell). Typically, under


1 – Introduction Raman spectroscopy is an analytical, nondestructive technique that provides information about the molecular structure of the investigated sample. The Raman effect arises when an incident light excites molecules in the sample, which subsequently scatter the light. While most of this scattered light is at the same wavelength as the incident light, some is scattered at a different wavelength. This in-elastically scattered light is called Raman scatter (line) and results from the interaction of the incident light with the molecular motions or vibrations [1]. The spectral positions, intensities, and linewidths of the Raman lines, corresponding to vibrational energy levels, yield information on the composition, secondary structure and interaction of molecules. Raman spectroscopy is an important technique for the elucidation of molecular structure, for locating functional groups or chemical bonds in the molecules [2]. A Raman spectrum of a given molecule consists of a series of peaks or "bands" each peak is shifted by one of the characteristic vibrational frequencies of that molecule [3]. Each molecule has its own characteristic spectrum, and, thus, a Raman spectrum can provide a "fingerprint" of a substance from which molecular composition can be determined. Further, the intensity of a band is proportional to the concentration of the molecules from which the band arises [4]. For example, proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and lipids have their own set of characteristic bands [5,6]. Based on these facts, Raman spectroscopy can be used to characterize any living tissue (include blood) and discover any biochemical change that can happen in the tissue cells, like that associated with leukemia. Leukemia cells originate from their own type of abnormal stem cell, called a leukemia stem cell (LSC) [7]. The change of normal tissue into a cancerous lesion is a slow process which involves alterations in the molecular level which, in later stages, alter the morphology and tissue architecture. At present, almost all cases of cancer are diagnosed by subjecting a tissue sample to histopathological examination (biopsy). However, histopatological examination is invasive and does not provide immediate feedback. The development of a technique that is less invasive and provides real time and quantitative information about tissue biochemistry is of great importance for cancer diagnosis. Many research groups have employed optical spectroscopy methods (i.e. Raman, Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy) to performance such diagnostic applications, aiming the early detection of cancer. The biochemical tumor markers such as proteins, enzymes and hormones, could be detected by analyzing the differences of Raman spectra taken from normal and pathologic tissues [8]. According to the fundamental theory of Raman spectroscopy and previous literatures, the molecular level information can be obtained directly from a micro-size (i.e. cell and bacteria) to even sub-nanosize (i.e. DNA or amino acids) specimen with real time analysis ability in a microliter of aqua sample. This great potential is based on several improvements in equipment, such as increased sensitivity and resolution in signal detectors, sizeminimized and cost-reduced high-power laser, and improvement of other microelectronics and software [9]. The three major components in the blood cell population are erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. There are many types of leukocytes but the broadest categories are those arising from the lymphoid lineage and those from the myeloid lineage. One of leukemia types is the Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) which results from an acquired (not present at birth) injury to the DNA of a single marrow cell that is destined to become a lymphocyte. Scientists do not yet understand what produces this change in the DNA. Once the marrow cell undergoes the leukemic change, it multiplies into many cells. These leukemic cells grow and survive better than normal cells; over time, they crowd out normal cells. The result is the uncontrolled growth of lymphocytic cells in the marrow, leading to an increase in the


Objective:To study the realgar induced Raji cell apoptosis in vitro. Method: The viability of Raji cells was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. The cell cycle, Annexin Ⅴ,bcl 2 expression was measured by flow cytometer. Result: Realgar could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Raji cells, and lead to the blockage of G 2/M cycle,antagonize the increment of Annexin Ⅴ positive cells and the down regulation of bcl 2 expression in vitro. Conclusion: Realgar can induce the apoptosis of Raji cells.


Carcinosarcoma of the stomach is a rare biphasic tumor that consists of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. In the gastrointestinal tract, carcinosarcoma is most frequently seen in the esophagus and rarely in the stomach. Tubular or papillary adenocarcinomas are common carcinomatous components, whereas mesenchymal sarcomatous components may vary. Neuroendocrine carcinomatous differentiation in carcinomatous components is extremely rare. We report a 62-year-old female patient with a history of dyspepsia for one-month-history. Endoscopic findings showed a ulcerofungating lesion, which infiltrated from the posterior wall of the antrum to the posterior wall of the gastric angle. Radical subtotal gastrectomy was performed. In the resected specimen, immunohistochemical studies showed two positive reactions for epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Based on the above findings, the patient was diagnosed with a gastric carcinosarcoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. (Korean J Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res 2014;14:121-125)


We investigated the relation between age and respiratory control during exercise in 80 children aged 6.4-17.6 y (42 male, age, 11.6 ± 3.3 y; body weight, 41.3 ± 14.7 kg; and 38 female, age, 12.6 ± 2.7 y; body weight, 42.5 ± 9.3 kg). Exercise tests were performed on a treadmill after a standard symptom-limited Bruce protocol. Data were analyzed separately for boys and girls. At rest and at peak exercise, the ratio of minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production(˙VE/˙VCO2), the ratio of effective alveolar ventilation to carbon dioxide production(˙VA/˙VCO2), the ratio of pulmonary dead space to tidal volume (Vd/V t), and arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) were not correlated with age. At the exercise intensity of ventilatory anaerobic threshold, the PaCO2 increased, and the ˙VA/˙VCO2 decreased, significantly with age, whereas the Vd/V t was not related to age. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the slope of the relationship between ˙VE and ˙VCO2(Δ˙VE/Δ˙VCO2) and the slope of the relationship between ˙VA and ˙VCO2(Δ˙VA/Δ˙VCO2) decreased with age. There were no gender differences in the regression slopes and the intercepts of the relationships. Results show that younger children breathe more during exercise to eliminate a given amount of CO2 to keep PaCO2 set point slightly but significantly lower than older children. This age dependence must be considered in investigating ventilatory control during exercise in children.


A previously-presented synthesis procedure is employed to design ultra-wide bandwidth linear chirp (quadratic phase) filters. The synthesis procedure eliminates the harmonic responses, theoretically permitting a bandwidth close to 200% (i.e. the frequency band zero to twice centre frequency) without aliasing problems. It can also be configured so that the chirp Fresnel ripples are relegated to the time domain. (This avoids a large frequency domain ripple which in a low-loss device would create the inadmissible requirement that gain at the peak of the ripple be greater than unity.) The design procedure is equally suitable for single and dual delay line implementations. Measurements to be presented will be on superconducting single-track coplanar and microstrip filters, patterned from epitaxial YBCO films sputtered onto 2-inch diameter LaAlO/sub 3/ substrates. They have a centre frequency of 8 GHz, bandwidth of 10 GHz (125%), and a TB product of 80.


Re-evaluation of tritium permeation through vertical target of divertor under the ITER operation condition was carried out using tritium transport properties in the candidate materials such as the diffusion coefficient and the trapping factors in tungsten for armor, and the surface recombination coefficient on copper for the heat sink obtained by authors' recent investigation (authors' data), which simulated the plasma-facing conditions of ITER. Evaluation with the data set of previous evaluation was also carried out for comparison (previous data). The permeation analysis was carried out individually by classifying into the armor region (Carbon Fiber Composites and tungsten) and the slit region without armor (3% of armor surface area) assuming the incident flux and temperature for each region. As the results of the permeation analysis, estimated permeation amount with the authors' data was one order less than that with the previous data at the end of lifetime of the divertor due to authors' small diffusion coefficient of tritium in tungsten. It also indicated the possibility that permeation through the slit region of the armor tiles could dominate total permeation through the vertical target, since tritium permeation amount through tungsten armor with the authors' data was estimated to be reduced drastically smaller than that with the previous evaluation data. The result of a little tritium permeation amount through the vertical target with the authors' data ensured the conservatism of the current evaluation of tritium concentration in the primary cooling water in ITER divertor, as it indicated the possibility of direct drainage of the divertor primary cooling water.


An In-Ga-O (IGO) semiconductor was employed as a channel layer for the oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs). The IGO composition was chosen as an In/Ga atomic ratio of 65/35 and the films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering method. To investigate the negative-bias illumination stress (NBIS) instability mechanisms, the IGO films were prepared with various oxygen partial pressures (O2/Ar+O2 and PO2). The saturation mobilities of TFTs decreased with increasing PO2, which suggested that the increase in PO2 reduced the carrier concentration. The NBIS characteristics of the TFTs were evaluated with the amounts of negative shifts in turn-on voltages (ΔVON) under the illumination of typical red, green, and blue wavelengths with a VGS of -20 V for 104 s. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis strongly suggested that the ΔVON could be caused by the weakening of bonding strength between the atoms, which were analyzed as variations in the red shifts of O 1s peak. The drastic increase in the ΔVON of the TFT using the IGO prepared without oxygen under the NBIS using the blue illumination was well explained by the combination defect model composed of intrinsic and extrinsic defects inherent within the IGO channel layer.


The objective of this research was to find combination of media formulation and coconut water consentrasions in stimulating in vitro Growth of Phalaenopsis protocorm. The research was conducted in Factorial Completely Randomaized Design. The first factor is the media formulation (Knudson C, fertilizer Vitabloom, Green Kristallon , and Grownmore). The second factor is coconut water consentrasion (0, 75, 150, 225 ml l-1). Each treatment combination was replicated three times. The result showed that: (1) Vitabloom and green kristallon fertilizers gave a better significant growth of seedling height than Grownmore but no significant difference with Knudson C; (2) the additions of Coconut water 225 ml l-1 gave the best in growth of height seedling, followed by coconut water 150 ml l-1; and (3) the best treatment combination was green kristallon with coconut water 150 ml l-1, followed by vitabloom and green kristallon added with coconut water 225 ml l-1.

Keywords: Formulation media, coconut water, protocorm, Phalaenopsis, in vitro.

Diterima: 14-06-2012, disetujui: 07-09-2012


Objective
To investigate the treatment principles of acute leukemia in pregnancy.

Methods
The clinical data of 13 patients with acute leukemia in pregnancy who were treated in Anyang District Hospital from February 2015 to February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results
Among the 13 patients, 9 cases were diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia and 4 cases were with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Four cases were were checked out before gestation, while 1 case was determined in the first trimester, 3 cases were checked out in the second trimester and 5 cases were confirmed in the third trimester. Eight patients were treatment with chemotherapy in pregnancy, and 5 patients were treatment with supportive and palliative care. Seven pregnant women died and 6 cases survived. Of the 9 newborns, 1 case died and 8 cases developed normally.

Conclusions
Patients with acute leukemia diagnosed before pregnancy should be treated actively. Therapeutic abortion and chemotherapy should be immediately offered to patients who develop acute leukemia during the first trimester; patients who develops acute leukemia during the second and third trimester can continue pregnancy with chemotherapy. The key factors affecting prognosis are full understanding of disease, prompt diagnosis and active treatment.

Key words:
Pregnancy; Acute leukemia; Treatment; Prognosis


The review and analysis of three books by 2 American and 1 Australian author on the positive effects of the Western way of life are discussed. The qualities of life that are good and define improvement are highlighted. Review(s) of: The Good Life of Western Man, by William H. Marnell with a foreword by Arnold Toynbee (Herder and Herder, N.Y., 1971); pp. xvi + 238. Review(s) of: The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community, by William H. McNeill (University of Chicago, 1963; Mentor Books, 1965); pp. 896. Review(s) of: The Perfectibility of Man, by John Passmore (Duckworth, London, 1970); pp. 396. Hugh Stretton is Reader in History at Adelaide University.


With high bearing capacity of single pile,easy process,convenient construction and economy,etc.,prestressed pile has been widely used in coastal areas.In this paper,a new college campus construction project in the mountainous area in northern Fujian as an example illustrated that what the technology characteristics was and what should be noted with the application of prestressed pipe under the local geological conditions.


In this study, a comprehensive continuum dual-scale model has been developed for LCM processes for woven fiber reinforcements. This model incorporates the main flow mechanisms involved, including mass exchange between dual-scale porosities, micro-diffusion within fiber tows between neighboring repeating unit cells (RUCs), and the capillary effect within fiber tows. Macro-and micro-flows are simulated at the same numerical scale. A sink and a source term are introduced into the two different scaled flows to couple them together. An unsaturated flow model is adopted to describe micro-diffusion within fiber tows between neighboring RUCs. The physics of the sink/ source term is modelled according to the impregnation of tows within a RUC. Two models developed in soil physics have been adopted to evaluate the capillary effect and the partially saturated permeability within fiber tows. A finite element method is employed to solve the governing equations, and a simple implicit time integration method is suggested. A 1D RTM example has been modeled. The modeling results indicate that all of the three main mechanisms have significant influences on the LCM processes, but the mass exchange between the dual porosities plays a dominate role, particularly under high injection rates.


Objective:To prepare the hepatic-targeted Bovine serum albumin(BSA)liposome and study its physicochemical properties, to providing a new hepatic-targeted drug delivery system for protein-drug. Methods:Liposome was prepared by reverse phase evaporation method,and then the liposome was coated with O-carboxymethyl N-galactosylated chitosan(Gal-CMCS). The shape,particle size,Zeta potential,entrapment efficiency and stability were investigated. Results:Hepatic-targeted BSA liposome was round and uniform;its mean particle size was(284.1±5.41)nm;the entrapment efficiency was(34.21±1.73)%; Zeta potential was(+27.1±1.17) mV;and there was no obvious change in entrapment efficiency and particle size at 4℃ within 3 months. Conclusion:The hepatic-targeted BSA liposome was successfully prepared,with good stability and high entrapment efficiency,thus providing a new hepatic-targeted drug delivery system for protein-drug.


Studying SAMIC's Loan Protection Insurance in Kampot and Kep In Cambodia, the microinsurance industry is at a nascent stage, with only three institutions serving the low-income market with credit life or life insurance products. The microfinance sector, however, is far more developed and poised to provide microinsurance opportunities to protect clients and their families from the financial risks they face through the delivery of insurance.


This study aims at mapping and interpreting what is at stake in Lacanian psychoanalytic supervision. Using interview data of participants' personal accounts of supervision, the authors applied a thematic analysis to gain insight into what they believe are crucial components in these accounts of supervision. We interpret the data within the context of Lacan's text, 'Direction of the Treatment and the Principles of its Power', in which he articulates his conceptualization of psychoanalytic treatment. His views on interpretation (tactics), transference (strategy), and lack-of-being (politics) as the three elements that structure the actions of the analyst, guided our data-analysis. Participants indicate how their supervisor focuses on the symbolic dimension of speech, helping them avoid getting deceived by the dimension of the imaginary. During the supervision process, the supervisor does not respond from a master position, nor coach the supervisees. Supervisees develop their own style and framework for clinical work. Through discussing cases, supervisees learn to construct cases and focus on the singularity of the case, beyond structural diagnosis. Lastly, Lacanian supervisors only focus on the cases discussed, not on the person of the supervisee.


Public sector is being currently under intensified pressure to increase efficiency and improve quality of its activity. The pressure of government, local society, stake holders and media stimulates public sector development and motivates to experiment with new management methods. In the article basic premises of comparative analysis of public sector institutions efficiency are presented. In the global studies on comparative analysis of efficiency the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the leading method applied. In the article the general concept and key features of the DEA method are described. The examples of DEA implementation in different areas of public sector worldwide are presented. The conclusion is formulated that undertaking similar studies in Polish environment is justified. Considerations are illustrated with the calculation of Polish public technical universities efficiency. In the DEA model proposed the didactic subsidy comprises the input and the number of students and scientific grants is treated as the output. It is indicated that the majority of the universities under scrutiny possesses reserves of technical and allocative efficiency. The authors are convinced that the comparative analysis of efficiency can be one of the important stimulators of public service quality, public spending and public institutions management improvement.


a comparison of the ultra-violet absorption spectra and biological assay values of a series ofthe most active vitamin B1 concentrates indicated the vitamin to have an absorption maximum at about 2600 A. it a pyrimidine one of ergothioneine. of the ultra-violet of to correlate extinction


This paper describes the characteristics of cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) films grown on a carbonized Si(100) substrate, using hexamethyldisilane (HMDS, Si2(CH3)6) as a safe organosilane single precursor in a nonflammable H2/Ar (H2 in Ar) mixture carrier gas by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) at 1280°C. The growth process was performed under various conditions to determine the optimized growth and carbonization condition. Under the optimized condition, grown film has a single crystalline 3C-SiC with well crystallinity, small voids, low residual stress, low carrier concentration, and low RMS. Therefore, the 3C-SiC film on the carbonized Si (100) substrate is suitable to power device and MEMS fields. This paper describes the characteristics of cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) films grown on a carbonized Si(100) substrate, using hexamethyldisilane (HMDS, Si2(CH3)6) as a safe organosilane single precursor in a nonflammable H2/Ar (H2 in Ar) mixture carrier gas by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) at 1280°C. The growth process was performed under various conditions to determine the optimized growth and carbonization condition. Under the optimized condition, grown film has a single crystalline 3C-SiC with well crystallinity, small voids, low residual stress, low carrier concentration, and low RMS. Therefore, the 3C-SiC film on the carbonized Si (100) substrate is suitable to power device and MEMS fields.


The inhibitory effects of the selective ,&receptor stimulating agent terbutaline (Persson & Olsson, 1970) and of orciprenaline have been compared on carbachol-induced contractions in the rat isolated uterus. Female rats, Sprague-Dawley, 130-1 50 g, had 0.2 pg 17-fi-oestradiole benzoate subcutaneously 24 h before being killed by a blow on the head and bled. The middle part of each uterus horn, of about 2 cm length, was put in an organ bath (25 ml) containing calcium-poor Locke solution (45 g NaCl, 2.1 g KCI, 0.3 g CaCl,, 2.5 g NaHCO,, 2.5 g glucose in 5 litre of glass-redistilled water) at 25" and gassed with 5 % carbon dioxide in oxygen. Isometric tension changes were recorded. Dose-response measurements of carbachol-induced contractions, and a dose of carbachol (14-4.0 pglml) corresponding to about 80 % of maximum contraction was then selected for use in the test of inhibitory activity of both drugs. These were administered at 0.008-0.8 pglml90 s before carbachol. The decrease of carbachol-induced contraction was recorded. The dose of carbachol was then given every 8 min until a stable response again was obtained and the next /I-adrenoceptor effect was evaluated.


Immune algorithm is a kind of intelligent optimization algorithm which simulates the biology immunity system,and has potential to provide novel method for solving problem.However,immune algorithm inevitably has two serious limitations,that is,running into easily local optimization and search stagnancy in last phase.Four immune algorithms which are multi-colony immune algorithm,diploid immune algorithm,adaptive immune algorithm,and multi-colony diploid(adaptive) immune algorithm are put forward based on improvement of immunity mechanism,optimization mechanism,architecture and behavior in general immune algorithm.The simulation experiments of twenty Job-Shop benchmark problems,the typical combinatorial optimization,indicate that new immune algorithms overmatch general immune algorithm because they are not only overall convergent but also steady and efficient.


Measurements of the velocity of sound in Tb.3Dy.7Fe2 as a function of magnetic field and temperature are reported. The magnetic field dependence is compared with a calculation of the change in elastic moduli of a random array of crystallites which are magnetoelastically coupled to the sound field. Comparison is also made with measured sound velocity changes with field in amorphous alloys of the R‐Fe type.


The website directs visitors to a British Medical Journal video made in 2009, in which Colin Blakemore, a neurophysiologist and former MRC Chief Executive, speaks to John Crofton (a pioneer of tuberculosis trials) and me about how randomisation and blinding in clinical trials has helped to generate reliable evidence to inform clinical practice. Surprisingly, the MRC itself has been curiously silent about the enduring value of its role in developing clinical trial methods and about the important methodological legacy left by the director of its Statistical Research Unit – Austin Bradford Hill. Stephen Lock, a former editor of the British Medical Journal, has suggested that 'the randomised controlled trial is a British invention' and that Bradford Hill should have had a Nobel prize for his key role in helping to put medicine on a rational scientific footing. Although the MRC draws attention to some of the influential randomised trials that it has funded, it does not really celebrate the key role it played in the 1950s in developing and applying clinical trial methods (see Appendix 1). The MRC's achievements in this sphere had become clear by the 1970s, yet a two-volume, 700-page history of the MRC published in 1975 (made available on the Centenary website) assigns a mere five pages to 'Clinical evaluation of remedies' and fails to highlight the MRC's role in developing scientifically more robust study designs. This is rather like referring only to uses of the polymerase chain reaction without referring to the fundamental importance of developing the method itself. Furthermore, reference to the important emergence of multicentre controlled trials is recognised in just two lines in the 83-page report of a Wellcome Witness Seminar on clinical research in Britain between 1950 and 1980. How might the apparent reluctance of the MRC (and others) to take credit for something so creditworthy be explained? Research by Desirée CoxMaximov, Ben Toth, Martin Edwards and Keith Williams helps to explain the Council's lack of interest in controlled clinical trials during the 1930s. More research is needed to gather relevant data and understand the MRC's continuing lukewarm celebration of its role in developing clinical trial methods. I hope this article will help to prompt such research.


An apparatus for and a method for ultra-fast charging, for example, includes a lithium ion battery or batteries. The charging current is based on a set of model parameters or parameter data set of internal state variables of the function associated with the battery, and the battery performance characteristics, determined by the optimization of the model. Instantaneous internal state variables are determined, optimized charging current is applied to a subject to certain constraints of the battery cell. Based on internal state variables being charged battery properties and attributes are stored in the database is updated recursively, or homologous cells collected by the network.


Let $r(n,k)$ (resp. $s(n,k)$) be the number of Schroder paths (resp. little Schroder paths) of length $2n$ with $k$ hills, and set $r(0,0)=s(0,0)=1$. We bijectively establish the following recurrence relations: \begin{align*} r(n,0)&=\sum\limits_{j=0}^{n-1}2^{j}r(n-1,j), r(n,k)&=r(n-1,k-1)+\sum\limits_{j=k}^{n-1}2^{j-k}r(n-1,j),\quad 1\le k\le n, s(n,0) &=\sum\limits_{j=1}^{n-1}2\cdot3^{j-1}s(n-1,j), s(n,k) &=s(n-1,k-1)+\sum\limits_{j=k+1}^{n-1}2\cdot3^{j-k-1}s(n-1,j),\quad 1\le k\le n. \end{align*} The infinite lower triangular matrices $[r(n,k)]_{n,k\ge 0}$ and $[s(n,k)]_{n,k\ge 0}$, whose row sums produce the large and little Schroder numbers respectively, are two Riordan arrays of Bell type. Hence the above recurrences can also be deduced from their $A$- and $Z$-sequences characterizations.
On the other hand, it is well-known that the large Schroder numbers also enumerate separable permutations. This propelled us to reveal the connection with a lesser-known permutation statistic, called initial ascending run, whose distribution on separable permutations is shown to be given by $[r(n,k)]_{n,k\ge 0}$ as well.


A radio relay circuit is described for carrying 120-line television programs from a studio in New York to a broadcast station in Camden, New Jersey. Details of the actual relay station used are given as well as the characteristics of directive antennas especially designed for this service. The completed system satisfactorily relayed television pictures over this 86-mile distance. The project was carried out jointly by the following companies: RCA Communications, Inc., RCA Victor Company, Inc., National Broadcasting Company, Inc., General Electric Company, Inc., and the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company.


Temperature dependent rate constants are reported for the collisional deactivation of the 6p3 (2D03/2) and 6p3 (2D05/2) states of atomic bismuth by Ar, Xe, N2, H2, D2, CO, O2, CO2, and SF6 at 300, 450, and 550 °K. These results are discussed within the context of correlation diagrams constructed using (J,Ω) coupling approximations. Where appropriate, these data are reduced to provide Arrhenius parameters and likely relaxation mechanisms are discussed.


The mesh generation program described here generates the nodes and the elements for excavated highway slopes,applies boundary conditions, searches for the nodes and the elements in each layer excavated and plots the mesh with the numbering of nodes, elements and material types. This computer program has been written to give error-free finite element mesh data which can be stored and used directly by the stress-displacement generating program with a minimum of manual labor. For studies of different excavation configurations, only minor changes to the input are needed.


Abstract Portal vein cannulation is a very rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In most reported cases, the event was managed safely with immediate catheter, guidewire withdrawn and procedure termination. Here, we report an unusual case of portobiliary fistula created during ERCP. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such case managed with immediate surgical biliary exposure.


An action in which the Ricci scalar is non-minimally coupled with a scalar field and contains higher order curvature invariant terms carries a conserved current under certain conditions that decouples geometric part from the scalar field. The conserved current relates the pair of arbitrary coupling parameters f(ϕ) and ω(ϕ) with the gravitational field variable, where ω(ϕ) is the Brans–Dicke coupling parameter. The existence of such conserved current may be helpful to sketch the cosmological evolution from its early age till date in a single frame.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to empirically examine knowledge management (KM) practices as a moderator in the relationship between organizational culture and performance. The effect of four types of organizational culture on organizational performance was studied. In addition to direct effects, most importantly, KM practices as a moderator in strengthening the culture-performance relationship were empirically examined.

Design/methodology/approach
A carefully crafted survey instrument was distributed and data was collected from 1,255 respondents from 10 information technology companies in India. After checking the psychometric properties of the instrument, this paper performs hierarchical regression to test hypotheses.

Findings
The results reveal that: cooperative culture, innovative culture, consistent culture and effectiveness culture were all positively and significantly related to organizational performance; KM practices were positively and significantly related to organizational performance, KM practices moderate the relationship between various dimensions of organizational culture and organizational performance.

Research limitations/implications
As with any survey-based research, the present study suffers from the problems associated with self-report measures. These are common method bias and social desirability bias. However, this study attempts to minimize these limitations by following appropriate statistical techniques.

Practical implications
This study contributes to both practicing managers and the literature on KM and organizational culture. The study suggests that managers use KM practices, which are all-pervasive and very important for improving organizational performance. The results highlight the importance of implementing KM practices in organizations.

Originality/value
This study provides new insights into the importance of KM practices in achieving sustained competitive advantage by achieving organizational effectiveness. To the knowledge, the importance of KM practices is underemphasized in organizational culture research.


Jaws revisited (or give piece a chance): a comparison of three different biopsy (bx) forceps on porcine colon mucosa. was there a difference?


Background: Published data on the association between mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) 309 T/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, we performed a meta-analysis. Material and Methods: A systematic computerized search of PubMed was performed. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association between the polymorphism and HNC risk. The pooled ORs were performed for TT versus GG, TG versus GG, dominant model (TT+TG vs. GG) and recessive model (TT vs. TG+GG), respectively. Results: A total of 9 studies including 2,755 cases and 4,121 controls were involved in the final meta-analysis. The results of the overall meta-analysis provided some evidence of an association between the polymorphism and HNC risk (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.67–0.99 for TG vs. GG). In the subgroup meta-analysis based on the types of tumor, we detected a significantly decreased NPC risk for all genetic models. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that the GG genotype of MDM2 SNP309 is associated with HNC risk. The MDM2 SNP309G allele is a highly penetrant risk factor for developing NPC.


The 1 mol% Tm3+,1 mol% Tm3+ and 10 mol% Yb3+ co-doped Y2Ti2O7 powders were prepared by sol-gel method.The Tm3+ doped Y2Ti2O7 was composed of mixture of Y2Ti2O7 and tiny TiO2 phases.Yb3+ co-doping had no effect on the phase structure of Tm3+ doped Y2Ti2O7.The blue and infrared up-conversion emissions in the wavelength range of 430-500 nm and 620-750 nm were detected by a 980-nm semiconductor laser diode(LD) excitation,which corresponding to the 1G4→3H6 and 3H4→3H6 transitions of Tm3+.The up-conversion emissions intensity of Tm3+ doped Y2Ti2O7 powders was enhanced by Yb3+ co-doping.The up-conversion emissions intensity of Tm3+-Yb3+ co-doped Y2Ti2O7 increased gradually with increasing the excitation voltage of LD.The two step process was observed for the up-conversion emission intensity with increasing the excitation power of LD.The up-conversion emissions intensity of Tm3+-Yb3+ co-doped Y2Ti2O7 was decreased with increasing the temperature,which caused by the increase of rate of nonradiative relaxation rate with temperature.


PURPOSE: A nano silver-containing box is provided to prevent an environmental hormone generated from a box and to sterilize a box, thereby improving a health and hygiene of the people. CONSTITUTION: The nano silver-containing box comprises a box(300,400) composed of a paper, a synthetic resin or a plastic resin vinyl and receiving or delivering a food; and 0.01 to 10 wt.% of nano silver(200) material for sterilizing and counteracting poison. The nano silver-containing box contains 2 to 999 ppm of nano silver(200). The box is prepared by inputting the nano silver to a main body of the box, extruding, injecting, molding, attaching and coating.


Today, because of the advancements in the computer and electronic sciences everything is going to be automated. In fact, some devices or infrastructures are capable to change the behavior according to situations; these devices are called Smart Devices or Smart Infrastructures. This system is designed to meet the requirement of appliance control in automated or smart infrastructures which includes home, offices, industries or may be sophisticated vehicles like aero planes. Appliance control basically refers the process or technique of controlling a device (including complete machines, mechanical devices, electronic devices, electrical devices etc.) using some comfortable, luxurious and reliable means based on some automation methods. Even a number of standards have been defined for wired and wireless controlling and automation of home appliances including Bluetooth, UPnP, X10 etc, this field is still in developing state. In this document we have proposed an appliance controlling system, named as Internet and PC Based Appliance Control (IPAC), using concepts of parallel port programming. IPAC is designed to control a device from PC and from Internet, and can be applied in any smart infrastructure to automate the device and can work with almost every type of automation method either it is wired (e.g. LAN) or wireless (e.g. Bluetooth). This system can be applied in designing smart homes, secure homes, centralized device controlling system, Bluetooth control system, WAP control system.


Different types of data are available to describe the epidemiology of HBV infection. Most industrialized countries have systems in place to register/notify cases of hepatitis B (acute hepatitis B disease:symptomatic/clinical cases only; all cases: symptomatic plus asymptomatic cases) to a centralised health authority. These surveillance systems allow the estimatation of the incidence of hepatitis B, which provides the best estimate for the risk for this condition.


The invention discloses a power pipe conveying device which comprises a catwalk pipe column ascending and descending mechanism, a pipe column conveying mechanism, a swinging mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The pipe column conveying mechanism is arranged on the catwalk pipe column ascending and descending mechanism, the swinging mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the pipe column conveying mechanism, the pipe column conveying mechanism and the swinging mechanism are both located below a drilling platform, and the lifting mechanism is fixed above the drilling platform and matched with the swinging mechanism. The power pipe conveying device has the advantages that a drilling tool is conveyed below the drilling platform, use is safe and reliable, a well opening space below the drilling platform is used, the use space of the drilling platform is greatly increased, the automatic degree is high, operation is conveniently achieved, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.


Volume is an input quantity in the measurement model for the mass of a body, say, a mass standard. The classical method to determine volume, hydrostatic weighing, is time-consuming, expensive and can introduce instability in the standard mass. Some years ago an alternative method was proposed, based on weighings in air at different densities. We generalize the method, showing that also the mass of the standard can be determined with it using a weighted-least-squares adjustment. To this purpose, we discuss a measurement model taking into account the covariances between the input estimates. The method, experimentally validated, yields uncertainties for the mass estimates that are smaller than those obtained with the traditional method, and gives the further advantage of directly providing the covariance between mass and volume.


The profit growth can be used as a measure of achievement of a bank in the assessment of bank performance. This can be achieved if the level of health of banks consisting Capital Adequacy Ratio, Assets Quality, Net Interest Margin, Return on Assets, Loan to Deposit Ratio and Interest Risk Ratio in accordance with the standards set by the government. For this study aims to assess how the influence of the bank to profit growth, particularly private banks non-foreign national 2013-2014 period amounting to 23 banks. By using hypothesis testing found that the Return On Asset and Loan to Deposit Ratio positive effect on the growth rate of bank profits, while the Capital Adequacy Ratio, kualiatas Assets, Net Profit Margin and Risk Ratio interst does not affect the bank's profit growth. Keywords: Health, Income Growth, Bank


The wildland– urban interface (WUI) is the area where human-built structures and infrastructure abut or mix with naturally occurring vegetation types. Wildfires are of particular concern in the WUI because these areas comprise extensive flammable vegetation, numerous structures, and ample ignition sources. A priority of federal wildland fire policy in the United States is to help protect communities threatened by wildfire, creating a demand for maps of the WUI. In this study, five models of the WUI are compared for four counties in the United States. The models are all based on the widely cited characteristics of the WUI published in the Federal Register, although they differ slightly in their focus (vegetation or housing) and implementation (the details of the WUI definition). For models that differ in focus, I describe how the purpose of the map led to different results. For conceptually similar models, I assess how different effects—the "dasymetric effect," the "settlement representation effect," and the "merging buffer effect"—influence the extent of the WUI in different counties. The differences between the WUI maps can be more or less pronounced depending on the spatial distribution of housing, vegetation, and public land. No single mapping approach is unequivocally superior, and each has tradeoffs that need to be fully understood for use in management.