The concentrations of total carbon dioxide dissolved in 100 interstitial water samples collected during the Legs 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 15, Deep Sea Drilling Project, were determined by means of the vacuum extraction of CO2 from the samples followed by the determination of CO2 using an infrared gas analyzer. In the samples collected in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans (Legs 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12), the observed CO2 concentrations generally range between 2 millimoles/kg and 5 millimoles/kg. Unusually high values, up to 33 millimoles/kg, were observed in the cores from the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (Leg 11). The CO2 concentrations in the samples from the Caribbean Sea (Leg 15) range between 2.9 millimoles/kg and 15.4 millimoles/kg and appear to show maxima at or above 70 meters below the water-sediment interface. Comparison between the CO2 concentrations and the alkalinity values determined in these Caribbean samples by Gieskes (this volume) indicates that the change in CO2 concentration is directly proportional to the change in alkalinity. Assuming that no CO2 was lost from the interstitial water samples during sampling and that no reaction took place between the interstitial water and the sediments during the storage and squeezing, the degree of saturation of calcite and dolomite in the Leg 15 interstitial water was calculated from the PCO2 and total carbon dioxide data using the Garrels-Thompson seawater model modified by Simpson and Takahashi (this volume). The interstitial waters above the sediment depth of 150 meters appear to be supersaturated with respect to calcite by as much as a factor of seven, whereas the water appears to be undersaturated below the sediment depth of 150 meters. The water is, in turn, supersaturated with respect to dolomite. This suggests that calcite is being dissolved as dolomite is being precipitated, and that a favorable condition for dolomitization exists below a sediment depth of about 150 meters.


This article addresses Rönkkö and Evermann's criticisms of the partial least squares (PLS) approach to structural equation modeling. We contend that the alleged shortcomings of PLS are not due to problems with the technique, but instead to three problems with Rönkkö and Evermann's study: (a) the adherence to the common factor model, (b) a very limited simulation designs, and (c) overstretched generalizations of their findings. Whereas Rönkkö and Evermann claim to be dispelling myths about PLS, they have in reality created new myths that we, in turn, debunk. By examining their claims, our article contributes to reestablishing a constructive discussion of the PLS method and its properties. We show that PLS does offer advantages for exploratory research and that it is a viable estimator for composite factor models. This can pose an interesting alternative if the common factor model does not hold. Therefore, we can conclude that PLS should continue to be used as an important statistical tool for management and organizational research, as well as other social science disciplines. Institute for Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ISEGI, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA Raymond J. Harbert College of Business, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA Coles College of Business, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA Broad College of Business, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA Corresponding Author: Jörg Henseler, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Thomas van Aquinostraat 3, 6525 GD Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Organizational Research Methods 2014, Vol. 17(2) 182-209 a The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1094428114526928 orm.sagepub.com at KENNESAW STATE UNIV on May 27, 2016 orm.sagepub.com Downloaded from


The discovery of mutated palynomorphs in end-Permian rocks led to the hypothesis that the eruption of the Siberian Traps through older organic-rich sediments synthesized and released massive quantities of organohalogens, which caused widespread O3 depletion and allowed increased terrestrial incidence of harmful ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280–315 nm; Visscher et al. 2004 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 12 952–12 956). Here, we use an extended version of the Cambridge two-dimensional chemistry–transport model to evaluate quantitatively this possibility along with two other potential causes of O3 loss at this time: (i) direct effects of HCl release by the Siberian Traps and (ii) the indirect release of organohalogens from dispersed organic matter. According to our simulations, CH3Cl released from the heating of coals alone caused comparatively minor O3 depletion (5–20% maximum) because this mechanism fails to deliver sufficiently large amounts of Cl into the stratosphere. The unusual explosive nature of the Siberian Traps, combined with the direct release of large quantities of HCl, depleted the model O3 layer in the high northern latitudes by 33–55%, given a main eruptive phase of less than or equal to 200 kyr. Nevertheless, O3 depletion was most extensive when HCl release from the Siberian Traps was combined with massive CH3Cl release synthesized from a large reservoir of dispersed organic matter in Siberian rocks. This suite of model experiments produced column O3 depletion of 70–85% and 55–80% in the high northern and southern latitudes, respectively, given eruption durations of 100–200 kyr. On longer eruption time scales of 400–600 kyr, corresponding O3 depletion was 30–40% and 20–30%, respectively. Calculated year-round increases in total near-surface biologically effective (BE) UV-B radiation following these reductions in O3 layer range from 30–60 (kJ m−2 d−1)BE up to 50–100 (kJ m−2 d−1)BE. These ranges of daily UV-B doses appear sufficient to exert mutagenic effects on plants, especially if sustained over tens of thousands of years, unlike either rising temperatures or SO2 concentrations.


This chapter examines the threats in cyber security. It identifies the risk of cyber attacks and argues the inability to defend against those threats in a cyber security program. The introduction provides a brief history of cyber security and how the information highway arrived at this point in cyber security. The first analysis examines the threats in cyber security in personal, private, and government computer systems. The second analysis examines the approaches to attacking those systems. The third analysis examines threats against private companies and government agencies. The final analysis examines major threats to cyber security.


The influence of baroque garment art on modern haute couture design was studied.The design application and influence of baroque garment art on haute couture's modeling and decoration were analyzed,especially on its natures of planarity,relief and three-dimension. It seems that everyone knows baroque garment art and nothing is worth studying.But in fact,few people truly understand its characteristics and origin of this period.And French baroque art has a strong monarchical color.At present,most baroque garment art researchers mainly focus on its characteristics or its general concept influence on fashion design and the research of its essential influence on haute couture is relatively less.Therefore,the application of baroque garment art in modern haute couture design was mainly studied: its application and influence on modeling and decoration of modern haute couture was systematically analyzed and positive influence of it on the development of haute couture design was elaborated.


Industrial organizations have accepted the notion that noise control is no longer 100% of one person's responsibility, but a collaborative effort among engineers and industrial hygiene professionals. Proven noise control measures exist and are commercially available for many industrial noise sources. There are also noise control concepts and techniques that can be adopted by maintenance and other personnel as standard practices. Awareness of the elements of noise control engineering can offer benefit in areas such as equipment procurement, workplace risk assessment, and manufacturing program planning. The focus of this presentation is to discuss the elements of noise control engineering that manufacturing engineers and industrial hygiene professionals would need to apply out of their university education into practice, and the benefits that would be derived from this information.


The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of policy discussions on the role of governance in limiting excessive risk-taking at times of turmoil.,Corporate governance measures are regressed on measures of risk taking using a sample of US bank holding companies (BHCs) during 2002-2014.,Results show that BHCs with more concentrated shareholders, more managerial ownership, smaller boards, and less outside directors undertake less risky investments with respect to total assets, loans, and off-balance-sheet items. Capital adequacy effect is overpowering pushing for more risky positions. Finally, banks with good governance push for less risky positions, even with larger capital ratios, during the financial crisis period relative to the precrisis boom.,This paper extends research on the association between bank ownership structure and risk taking. It adds to prior research by examining a key feature of banks, namely, their bank-specific capital adequacy. The relevance of this study stems from recent initiatives undertaken by the Basel Committee, the Group of Thirty (G30), and bank regulators to address deficient corporate governance structures that led to bank breakdowns.,One of the innovations of this paper is the use of risk-weighted measures to proxy for risk taking in banks, using risk weights used by bank regulators to adjust for operational risk, credit risk, and market risk.


Migralepsy is an ill‐defined nosologic entity, with only a few cases described in the literature. In the 2004 International Classification for Headache Disorders (ICHD‐II), the International Headache Society proposed that the following diagnostic criteria should be met: (1) migraine fulfilling criteria for 1.2 Migraine with aura (MA) and (2) a seizure fulfilling diagnostic criteria for one type of epileptic attack occurs during or within 1 h after a migraine aura. Herein, by presenting a case with symptoms suggestive of migralepsy and by reviewing all previous cases described in the literature, we discuss the challenges of differentiating this condition from epileptic seizures, as well as the inaccuracy of the current ICHD‐II definition.


Soybean paste is a favorite traditional fermented soybean food.In this paper,research progress on soybean paste was summarized including production process,sterilization technology and flavor quality.The suggestions for the development and key points of soybean paste research were further put forward,which could provide some good references for soybean paste research and production.


Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy of clonal origin. Although the majority of the patients with AML reach a complete remission, the 5-year survival rate of 25–30% still remains very poor [1]. The graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect observed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with AML suggests the existence of tumoror rather leukemia-associated antigens (TAAs/LAAs) [2]. In the last decade several TAAs/LAAs have been defined and characterised including the Wilm's tumor gene 1 (WT1), proteinase 3, the receptor for hyaluronic acid mediated motility (RHAMM), the preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), survivin and others [3]. Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) administered to patients with AML at relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation may reinforce the TAA/LAA-driven GVL effect. In clinical practice DLIs are counted as CD3þ lymphocytes, but are usually not selected. Therefore, one may indeed speculate which lymphocyte subpopulation contributes more to the GVL effect: the classical CD3þCD8þ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the CD3þCD4þ helper T-cell fraction or the CD16þCD56þ natural killer (NK) subpopulation. For all the aforementioned TAAs/LAAs, CD8þ Tcell epitopes have been defined and characterised [3]. However, there is also evidence for NK cell activity against tumor/leukemia cells, and several clinical protocols with the transfer of NK cells after the administration of a T-cell-depleted allograft in the haploidentical setting are ongoing [4; see Figure 1]. During the process of an anti-leukemic effect, the presentation of TAA/LAA-derived epitope peptides on molecules of the major histocompatibility complex to killer cells is crucial and classically considered as signal 1. However, a signal 2 is also required for the full action of the killer cells. There is now increasing evidence for the pivotal importance of the B7 family member molecules as the second signal [5]. In this issue Cheuk et al. [6] demonstrate that the expression of B7 family member molecules also has an impact on the function of NK cells, particularly in terms of anti-leukemic effects. They [6] transfected the hematopoietic progenitor cell line 32-ckit with the three B7 family members B7-1, B7-2 and 4-BBL. This led to a higher rejection rate of transfected cells and the B7-2 transfected cells even had an effect on


Abstract : This work establishes the feasibility of handling problems of projectile/bore interaction via the method of finite elements. The problem treated herein involves the analytical determination of the time-variant matrix coefficients for the structure equations of motion in a manner consistent with the finite element displacement method. The resultant equations of motion are solved numerically and results compare favorably with those reported by experimentalists in the literature. For this purpose, the otherwise general procedure is applied to the problem of predicting the response of a simply supported beam to a concentrated mass in motion at constant velocity. The technique can be easily extended to gun tube geometries by merely altering the boundary conditions, increasing the number of finite elements and allowing their dimensions to approximate the tube of interest. Similarly, the feature of variable projectile velocity can easily be included.


Genetic heterogeneity influences the prognosis and therapy of breast cancer. The cause of disease progression varies and can be addressed individually. To identify the mutations and their impact on disease progression at an individual level, we sequenced exome and transcriptome from matched normal-tumor samples. We utilised DawnRank to prioritise driver genes and identify specific mutations in Indian patients. Mutations in the C3 and HLA genes were identified as drivers of disease progression, indicating the involvement of the innate immune system. We performed immune profiling on 16 matched normal/tumor samples using CIBERSORTx. We identified CD8+ve T cells, M2 macrophages, and neutrophils to be enriched in luminal A and T cells CD4+naïve, natural killer (NK) cells activated, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, dendritic cells activated, and neutrophils in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed activation of T cell-mediated response in ER positive samples and Interleukin and Interferons in ER negative samples. WGCNA analysis also identified unique pathways for each individual, suggesting that rare mutations/expression signatures can be used to design personalised treatment.


By tracking the spectrum envelope wavelength shift of silicon slot waveguide ring resonators, sensitivity of 1,300nm per Refraction Index Unit is reported when filling the slots by liquids with refraction index values close to 1.33.


Applications of fluorescence spectroscopy to biomolecules, with focus on membrane proteins, are discussed in this article. A broad range of molecular insights can be gained with this simple technique because the emission properties of a chromophore are typically sensitive to the environment. The intensities and maximum wavelengths of steady-state fluorescence spectra are used to elucidate the thermodynamics of membrane protein folding, monitor the extent of solvent exposure of chromophores, determine the depths of insertion into synthetic bilayers, probe the degree of rotational freedom in solvent-exposed and buried regions, and measure the evolution of distances between donor and acceptor moieties. We also address some of the challenges associated with fluorescence measurements of integral membrane proteins. An important goal is to provide a practical guide for laboratory measurements as well as examples of analyses related to membrane protein structure and dynamics.


Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious disease exhibiting unspecific symptoms, as a result of which diagnosis is often delayed and prognosis is poor. The underlying pathophysiology includes vasoconstriction and remodelling of small pulmonary arteries. As receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their ligands have been shown to promote PAH remodelling, our aim was to evaluate if their plasma levels may be utilised to differentiate between various causes of pulmonary hypertension. Methods 28 biomarkers involved in RTK signalling were measured using proximity extension assays in venous plasma from patients with PAH (n=48), chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) (n=20), pulmonary hypertension due to diastolic (n=33) or systolic (n=36) heart failure and heart failure patients without pulmonary hypertension (n=15), as well as healthy controls (n=20). Results Plasma proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (RET) was decreased (p<0.04) in PAH compared with all disease groups and controls. RET generated a sensitivity of 64.6% and a specificity of 81.6% for detecting PAH from other disease groups. PAH and the other pulmonary hypertension groups showed elevated plasma tyrosine-protein kinase MER (p<0.01), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A (p<0.02), VEGF-D (p<0.01), placental growth factor (p<0.01), amphiregulin (p<0.02), hepatocyte growth factor (p<0.01) and transforming growth factor-α (p<0.05) and decreased VEGF receptor-2 (p<0.04) and epidermal growth factor receptor (p<0.01) levels compared with controls. Conclusion Plasma RET differentiates patients with PAH from those with CTEPH, systolic or diastolic heart failure with or without pulmonary hypertension as well as healthy controls. Future studies would be of value to determine the clinical usefulness of RET as a biomarker and its link to PAH pathophysiology. Receptor tyrosine kinases have been shown to promote PAH remodelling. Plasma RET differentiates PAH from other causes of PH. RET could have the potential to be used as a future diagnostic biomarker. http://bit.ly/2LChPUS


We shows how to ensure correctness and fault-tolerance of distributed components by behavioural speci cation. We specify a system combining a simple distributed component application and a fault-tolerance mechanism. We choose to encode the most general and the most demanding kind of faults, Byzantine failures, but only for some of the components of our system. With Byzantine failures a faulty process can have any behaviour, thus replication is the only convenient classical solution; this greatly increases the size of the system, and makes model-checking a challenge. Despite the simplicity of our application, full study of the overall behaviour of the combined system requires us putting together the speci cation for many features required by either the distributed application or the fault-tolerant protocol: our system encodes hierarchical component structure, asynchronous communication with futures, replication, group communication, an agreement protocol, and faulty components. The system we obtain is huge and we have proved its correctness by using at the same time data abstraction, compositional minimization, and distributed model-checking.


Integration of the horizontal supply chain has become a new model for the rapid development of enterprises in the competitive business era.Taking the benefits of the whole supply chain into account,this paper studies the integration of the supply chains of merged enterprise and the core enterprise in the supply chain in the logistics cost,inventory cost and production cost synergies.Furthermore,an example is given to verify the model which is reasonable and efficient.


The article focused on the qualitative think-aloud protocol and analyzed the test-taking strategies used by test-takers in their responses to the new test-format of passage comprehension in CET-4.By analyzing those test-taking strategies,the article justified the validity of the new test format and provided some constructive suggestions for the further development of language teaching and testing.


Cetarticleinspire'delame'thodologie~ministepost-colonialiste themselves to a painter, except those who were of du Portrait ofa Neqo Slave (1786) ainsi que des repre'greatfamilies, or remarkable for their actionsin service . sentations des esclaves noires Europkennes et Amkricaines to the country, or some other extraordinary circumstance . . . as lately . . . every body almost who can afford twenty pounds, has the portraits of himself, This disavowal of the racial wife and children painted. (qtd. in Pointon 2) implications of this unique portrait has occurred despite the artist's obvious The Earl's analysis, tinged with elitism and regret, is useful in its revelation of the remarkable shifts in the desire to foreground the slave'^ sexual production ofportraiture in late eighteenth-century Engand reproductive utility. land. In noting the usual subjects of portraiture as people ofgreatfamilies or considerable action, Fife knowledgeably conveyed the historical function of portraiture as an rapporte que cefirentdes lieux oh s 'estformke l'identification raciale et sexuelle et 00 h communaute' noire s 'est &ployhe et confirmke.


The concept of gender has been the battleground of scientific and political speculations for a long time. On the one hand, some accounts contended that gender is a biological feature, while on the other hand some scholars maintained that gender is a socio-cultural construct (e.g., Butler, 1990; Risman, 2004). Some of the questions that animated the debate on gender over history are: how many genders are there? Is gender rooted in our biological asset? Are gender and sex the same thing? All of these questions entwine one more crucial, and often overlooked interrogative. How is it possible for a concept to be the purview of so many disagreements and conceptual redefinitions? The question that this paper addresses is therefore not which specific account of gender is preferable. Rather, the main question we will address is how and why is even possible to disagree on how gender should be considered. To provide partial answers to these questions, we suggest that gender/sex (van Anders, 2015; Fausto-Sterling, 2019) is an illustrative example of politicized concepts. We show that no concepts are political in themselves; instead, some concepts are subjected to a process involving a progressive detachment from their supposed concrete referent (i.e., abstractness), a tension to generalizability (i.e., abstraction), a partial indeterminacy (i.e., vagueness), and the possibility of being contested (i.e., contestability). All of these features differentially contribute to what we call the politicization of a concept. In short, we will claim that in order to politicize a concept, a possible strategy is to evidence its more abstract facets, without denying its more embodied and perceptual components (Borghi et al., 2019). So, we will first outline how gender has been treated in psychological and philosophical discussions, to evidence its essentially contestable character thereby showing how it became a politicized concept. Then we will review some of the most influential accounts of political concepts, arguing that currently they need to be integrated with more sophisticated distinctions (e.g., Koselleck, 2004). The notions gained from the analyses of some of the most important accounts of political concepts in social sciences and philosophy will allow us to implement a more dynamic approach to political concepts. Specifically, when translated into the cognitive science framework, these reflections will help us clarifying some crucial aspects of the nature of politicized concepts. Bridging together social and cognitive sciences, we will show how politicized concepts are abstract concepts, or better abstract conceptualizations.


Dr. Benjamin Mertz received his Ph. D. in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Notre Dame in 2010 and B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in 2005. He spent 7 years as a part of a lecturer team at Arizona State University that focused on the first-year engineering experience, including developing and teaching the Introduction to Engineering course. Currently, he is an assistant professor at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in the Mechanical Engineering department. His teaching focus is in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics but has also taught classes such as numerical methods and introduction to engineering. His interests include student pathways and motivations into engineering and developing lab-based curriculum. He has also developed an interest in non-traditional modes of content delivery including online classes and flipped classrooms and incorporating the entrepreneurial mindset into curriculum.


Demands of ostentatious consumption is often held up from the public opinion.So this article attempts to criticize the ostentatious consumption rather than in the moral sense,analyze the connotation and behavior of ostentatious consumption in travelling,and elaborate its frontage influence for the economy,the society and culture.And on the basis of its characteristics,this article proposes some methods of realizing the positive function of ostentatious consumption in the traveling process.


Abstract Objective The primary objective is to develop a prediction model of 30-day hospital readmission among adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) whose index admission was DM-related. The secondary aims are to internally and externally validate the prediction model and compare its performance with 2 existing models. Research Design and Setting Data of inpatients aged ≥ 18 years from 2008 to 2015 were extracted from the electronic medical record system of the National University Hospital, Singapore. Unplanned readmission within 30 days was calculated from the discharge date of the index hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression and 10-fold cross-validation were performed. For external validation, simulations based on prevalence of 30-day readmission, and the regression coefficients provided by referenced papers were conducted. Results Eleven percent of 2355 patients reported 30-day readmission. The prediction model included 4 predictors: length of stay, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and number of drugs. C-statistics for the prediction model and 10-fold cross-validation were 0.68 (95% CI 0.66, 0.70) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.70), respectively. Those for the 3 simulated external validation data sets ranged from 0.64 to 0.68. Conclusion The prediction model performs well with good internal and external validity for identifying patients with DM at risk of unplanned 30-day readmission.


Aim:To observe the effect of bFGF used in tympanic membrane stimulation therapy. Methods:Thirty-two cases of residual or traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane neoplasty were reported, in which 17 were treated with bFGF and the rest were not. Results:The statistical different between the two group was so notable that the rate of success was 100% in bFGF group and was only 40% in the rest. Conclusion:The reporter made further exposition on the effect of bFGF to promote growth of tympanic membrane and on the value of bFGF in clinical application.


Chord language consists of chord spectrum, with quantum, string (opening, closing string, N string), symmetry, mirroring and other mathematical, geometric features, manifested in music (time), painting (space), life (meridian), spiritual and other phenomena, has accumulated for thousands of years;a more complete mathematical model;can be observed and verified;It should be a feature of the theory of everything.


12 Corrosion of reinforcement causes premature deterioration in RC structures and reduces their intended residual service life. Damage to the structures manifests mainly in the form of: (i) reduction in concrete section owing to cracking, and spalling and/or peeling of cover concrete by the action of expansive corrosion products, (ii) reduction in cross-sectional area of the reinforcing bars, and (iii) reduction in bond between the cracked concrete and corroded reinforcement. These damages may sometimes lead to the structural failure. Hence, in order to prevent the premature failure of a corrosion-affected RC structure, monitoring and control of reinforcement corrosion assume significant practical importance. Decisions regarding inspection, repair, strengthening, replacement and demolition of corrosion-affected RC structures are normally governed by the performance of such structures to withstand the extreme events during their intended residual service life. The application of time-dependent reliability methods for safety evaluation and damage assessment of corrosion-affected RC structures is becoming increasingly recognized, because these methods enable quantitative evaluation of structural safety. These methods can be used to assess the extent of strength degradation over a period of time, residual life of the structures, implementation of inspection strategies to provide the needed assurance of reliability, and the effectiveness of repair techniques in extending useable life and enhancing reliability. The scope of the present research is the assessment of the effects of corrosion damage on the structural performance/deterioration for corrosion-affected RC structures. The goals of this research are identified as follows: (i) to develop a set of corrosion-induced deterioration tools to facilitate quantitative assessment of the effects of reinforcement corrosion on the structural performance/deterioration, (ii) to assess the current and future reliability for the corrosion-affected RC structures, by using the information on time-dependent structural deterioration. For the purpose of Time-Dependent Degradation and Reliability Assessment of RC Structures Subjected to Reinforcement Corrosion


The addition of the oral pan-deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat to bortezomib helped to elicit responses in about one-third of heavily pre-treated patients with multiple myeloma who were refractory of bortezomib, according to the phase II results of the PANORAMA 2 study.


In this paper,focusing on northward internal circulating double-skin facade(DSF) in cold area,the principles and advantages of DSF's ventilation cavity under working conditions in winter were introduced,the heat transfer process was analyzed and the energy balance equation was established.Furthermore,this ventilation strategy was compared with the traditional exhaust air heat recovery mode.The results indicated that ventilation cavity had much higher heat recovery efficiency than the traditional ventilation mode when the air exhaust ratio was less than 40%.Meanwhile,the interior glass temperature of DSF would be increased and indoor thermal comfort would be improved.


We consider the optimal structure of couplings for the \emph{Martingale transport problem} with initial and terminal laws $\mu, \nu$ on $R^d$. Here optimality means that such solutions will minimize the functional $E |X-Y|^p$. We show how such optimal couplings are described and unique when $0<p\leq1$. We apply the monotonicity principle introduced in [4], and the assumption of radial symmetry of $\mu$ and $\nu$ is important.


The utility model discloses a neurology tactile sense checker which comprises a sleeve. A screw rod is arranged in the sleeve, the lower end of the screw rod is provided with a tactile sense needle, and the position, corresponding to the tactile sense needle, on the sleeve is provided with a needle outlet. A nut is arranged on the screw rod, the diameter of the nut is equal to the diameter of the sleeve, and a cross bar is arranged at the upper end of the screw rod. According to the neurology tactile sense checker with the structure, when the neurology tactile sense checker is used, the length of the screw rod can be adjusted through the nut, and therefore the tactile sense needle can be prevented from stabbing a person by excessively large force. The neurology tactile sense checker is a novel technology and is convenient to popularize and use.


Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a distributed and expansive damage mechanism that can lead to deterioration of concrete structures. Assessing the extent of damage induced by the ASR in concrete is needed to evaluate the condition of the existing concrete structures. Besides the conventional destructive methods, nondestructive testing (NDT) methods have been utilized to evaluate the condition of concrete structures affected by ASR. Among the NDT methods, surface wave methods have received comparatively little attention for assessing ASR damage. Since surface waves are influenced by near-surface condition of the concrete, surface wave methods might be useful in detecting and quantifying the extent of damage induced by ASR, such as surface cracking. Two sets of small-scale experiments were carried out to evaluate the applicability of the ultrasonic surface wave (USW) method in assessing the extent of the ASR damage, mapping the ASR-induced surface cracks and estimating depth of cracks. The results from these experiments demonstrate that the measured elastic modulus of concrete decreases with an increase in the expansion of ASR-affected specimens. In spite of relatively constant moduli through the entire non-reactive specimens, the presence of crack in the ASR-affected specimens is indicated as an area with low modulus. The location and depth of cracks are estimated well with the USW method.


Information is rather scant as to the proteinase and peptidase activity in growing and multiplying cells as compared with adult secretory ones as well as those in a more steady state. The fertilized sea-urchin eggs (6) and yolk from fertilized hen's eggs (7) are rich in various proteinases covering a broad pH range from about 3 to 9. Proteinase activities have been recorded during the embryonal stages of amphibian larvae (8). An increased cathepsin activity was found in the regenerating limbs of Axolotl (9, !O) as well as in the regenerating tail of anuran larvae (cp. review by Brachet, 11). Chicken embryo juice has been reported to contain considerable cathepsin and dipeptidase activities, and is further rich in -SH activators (12). Qualified data on tissues and organs from mammalian embryogenesis are largely lacking (11). Cathepsin data of various normal tissues in adult mammals, further treated below (Chapter X), suggest that, in general, cells with synthetic and secretory activities have a higher activity than other cells. A few examples may be mentioned. Rotschild and Junqueira (13) found an increased catheptic activity in the mice sub-maxillary gland during stages of increased protein synthesis. Increased cathepsin levels were further demonstrated in the growing uterus and in the mammary glands of mice during lactation (14). Still more marked increases were found during the subsequent involution of these organs when a rapid protein break-down occurred. Ellis, Sewell and Skinner (15) recently demonstrated that rabbit reticulocytes showed a marked increase in catheptic, diand tripeptidase, and aminopeptidase activities as compared to the mature red blood cells. The differ'ences were rather significant amounting to 2 to 8 times. These data tend to suggest that the catheptic activity, measured at about pH 4, may in general be increased in cells during stages of accelerated protein synthesis, as well as during tissue involution. Now, turning to the proteinase content of tumors less specified data are found. Since detailed reviews from the various periods are available (16-19) this compilation will only include the main concepts and a few qualified results of special interest. Catheptic Assays. Experimental findings of an increased rate of autoand heterolysis in tumor tissue over that of normal tissues were reported by early authors (20, 2I). This was believed to be associated with the phenomenon of invasive and destructive growth and led to the claim that neoplastic tissues possess proteolytic enzymes in increased amounts over normal tissues. Other early


In Korea, Janggun mine that produces the concentrate of galena (PbS) /sphalerite (ZnS) containing arsenic of 1.3% charges a penalty of US$ 1000/ton to LS-Nikko smelter. Hence in this work, flotation tests for removal of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) from sulfide minerals were carried out using lab scale flotation cell, which maintain grade and recovery of PbS and ZnS in comparison to flotation plant. Particularly, this study was focused on investigating the combination of several chemical reagents (depressant, collector, activator and etc.) that affect flotation performance. In the straight differential flotation for PbS, a Pb grade of 67.80% and a recovery of 80.2% could be obtained with FeAsS removal of 84.1% (0.2% As) under the conditions of 20% feed solids concentration, pH 8.5, 50g/t frother (AF65), 50g/t collector (AP242) and 600g/t As depressant (NaHSO3) and 600g/t Zn depressant (ZnSO4). In the ZnS flotation, the maximum separation achievable for ZnS using froth flotation has been shown to be a grade of 50.27% and a recovery of 88.7%. At this time, FeAsS removal of 87.8% (0.16% As) could be successfully accomplished under pH 11, and 1.2kg/t Zn activator (CuSO4), 100g/t frother (AF65), 100g/t collector (AP211) and 400g/t As depressant (NaHSO3).


SuperSpec is a new technology for millimeter and submillimeter spectroscopy. It is an on-chip spectrometer being developed for multi-object, moderate resolution (R = ~300), large bandwidth survey spectroscopy of high-redshift galaxies for the 1 mm atmospheric window. SuperSpec targets the CO ladder in the redshift range of z = 0 to 4, the [CII] 158 um line from z = 5 to 9, and the [NII] 205 um line from z = 4-7. All together these lines offer complete redshift coverage from z = 0 to 9. SuperSpec employs a novel architecture in which detectors are coupled to a series of resonant filters along a single microwave feedline instead of using dispersive optics. This construction allows for the creation of a full spectrometer occupying only 20 cm squared of silicon, a reduction in size of several orders of magnitude when compared to standard grating spectrometers. This small profile enables the production of future multi-object spectroscopic instruments required as the millimeter-wave spectroscopy field matures.
	SuperSpec uses a lens-coupled antenna to deliver astrophysical radiation to a microstrip transmission line. The radiation then propagates down this transmission line where upon proximity coupled half wavelength microstrip resonators pick off specific frequencies of radiation. Careful tuning of the proximity of the resonators to the feedline dials in the desired resolving power of the SuperSpec filterbank by tuning the coupling quality factor. The half wavelength resonators are then in turn coupled to the inductive meander of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs), which serve as the power detectors for the SuperSpec filterbank. Each SuperSpec filter bank contains hundreds of titanium nitride TiN KIDs and the natural multiplexibility of these detectors allow for readout of the large numbers of required detectors. The unique coupling scheme employed by SuperSpec allows for the creation of incredibly low volume (2.6 cubic microns), high responsivity, TiN KIDs. Since responsivity is proportional to the inverse of quasiparticle-occupied volume, this allows SuperSpec to reach the low NEPs required by moderate resolution spectroscopy to be photon limited from the best ground-based observing sites.
	We will present the latest results from SuperSpec devices. In particular, detector NEPs, measured filter bank efficiency (including transmission line losses), and spectral profiles for a full ~ 300-channel filterbank. Finally, we will report on our system end to end efficiency and total system NEP.


We present a microscopic calculation of spectroscopic factors for neutron and proton removal from {sup 24}O using the coupled-cluster method and a state-of-the-art chiral nucleon-nucleon interaction at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order. To account for the coupling to the scattering continuum we use a Berggren single-particle basis that treats bound, resonant, and continuum states on an equal footing. We report neutron removal spectroscopic factors for the {sup 23}O states J{sup {pi}}=1/2{sup +}, 5/2{sup +}, 3/2{sup -}, and 1/2{sup -} and proton removal spectroscopic factors for the {sup 23}N states 1/2{sup -} and 3/2{sup -}. Our calculations support the accumulated experimental evidence that {sup 24}O is a closed-shell nucleus.


As a document of its time and äs a topic of research Reinfried von Braunschweig has at long last achieved respectability. Since the publication in 1898 of Paul Gereke's "Studien zu Reinfried von Braunschweig", the poem had had a particularly low Standing in mediaeval German literature. Gereke compared the work with earlier texts, and his detailed study convinced scholars that the anonymous author was little more than a shameless imitator. In 1943 Hermann Schneider went even further. He described the author äs "der größte Nehmer der mittelhochdeutschen Literatur [...] Seine Nachahmung bezieht sich gleichermaßen auf Motive und Prägungen, Einzelausdruck und Manier. Sein Schuldenkonto ist noch weit größer, als die Zusammenstellungen von Gereke zeigen". Other scholars, including Helmut de Boor, have since been equally negative. Since the 19605 times and attitudes have changed. Fresh approaches to late mediaeval writing were the background in 1965 to Wolfgang Harms' article '"Epigonisches' im 'Reinfried von Braunschweig'". Far from dismissing Reinfried äs worthless, Harms saw the poem äs the means for its author to integrate earlier literature into new contexts and to make it topical. Since Harms' article three works have set out to re-approach the poem from various points of view, i.e. those of G. Dittrich-Orlovius (1971), B.Koelliker (1975) and now Otto Neudeck (1989). Neudeck sets out to show that in Reinfried von Braunschweig two central features which would normally seem incompatible are synthesized. On the one hand we have the story of an idealized and 'perfect' knight, told in accordance with courtly tradition. On the other hand we are often given the unvarnished facts of what happens (or can happen) in real life. Neudeck analyzes the text of Reinfried von Braunschweig (27627 lines) to justify this Interpretation of the narrative. In telling the story of Reinfried äs a crusader, for example, the poet shows him to be in all respects exemplary. As a 'perfect' Christian knight he is ruthless in battle and shows the heathen enemy no quarter. It is all the more astonishing when, having defeated the King of the Persians in single combat, Reinfried's attitude to him changes completely. According to crusader tradition the defeated man must, on pain of death, abandon his faith and accept conversion to Christianity. But after the victory Reinfried is moved to sympathy. He no longer insists on the King's unwilling conversion, and the two men become friends. Such behaviour on Reinfried's part would be unacceptable according to the traditional codes of a knight. In real life, on the other hand, it convincingly fits into the story. Neudeck analyzes many other ways in which the poet portrays reality without injuring his narrative. These include the historical and geographical setting for the action, which takes place in Saxony, Westfalia, Denmark and the Middle East äs it was known to the crusaders. In this way the setting reflects conditions in the late i3th Century with which many listeners and readers would have been familiär. The same applies to the realistic name of the hero himself. The fact that he is called Reinfried von Braunschweig differentiates him from the distant and idealized figures of courtly literature.


An anticoagulant factor was purified from the venom of the Iranian snake Agkistrodon halys by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose. In the final stage of purification, the percentage recovery of purified anticoagulant factor was found to be 83%. The purified anticoagulant factor revealed a single protein band in SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis under reducing conditions and its molecular weight was about 22 kDa. The purified peptide did not show any effect on casein, BApNA or plasma.


The procedure by which the peaks arising from the background can be checked and subtracted has been reported. The mass spectra of the background and sample were detected in separate runs of the plate under controlled conditions, and were stored in separate dimensions in a computer. The checks and subtractions were carried out on the basis of difference in exact masses and of the ratio of intensities. A similar procedure was also be applied to the checks and subtractions of the reactants(sample background)in a reaction mixture to afford only a spectrum of the species produced by the reaction. The subtractions of the background and sample background were examined for a mixture of benzophenone(I), 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine(II)and2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of I being taken I and II as sample backgrounds. The utility and limitation of the procedure have been described and discussed.


From April through July, 1968, 96 leaf litter samples were taken from an old field, oak and maple-oak dominated serai stages, and a beech-maple climax in Parke County, Indiana. Collembola were extricated by a modified Tullgren funnel apparatus, collected, and identified. A key was based on morphology and color for 32 species, which represent 20 genera and 5 families. A table of the distribution of each species by serai stage was included.


1982 in the field of electrical engineering, specializing in communications and system theory. He has played a key role developing groundbreaking digital backplane traveling-wave structures (ROLM), transceivers for the world's first gigabit local area network (Ultra Network Technologies), transceivers for the first 10G backplane applications (Accelerant Networks), and international standards for computer networking (IEEE 802.3 Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet). His books, High-Speed Digital Design: a Handbook of Black Magic (1993) and High-Speed Signal Propagation: More Black Magic (2003), set the pace for on-the-job engineering education in his field. He is the "Signal Integrity" columnist for EDN magazine, and a frequent guest lecturer at Oxford University. Dr. Johnson teaches public and private seminars around the globe.


We follow two biodiversity knowledge infrastructures that hold conceptual and practical inner tensions, and we argue that some of these diffi culties emerge from overlooking local information and different understandings of the term location. The ambiguity emerges from two basic concepts of space – exogenous and interactionist – that are both necessary yet readily suggest inconsistent practices – global standardization and local fl exibility – to organize location records. Researchers in both infrastructures fi rst standardized, digitized and globalized their records, then discovered inner tensions, and fi nally alternated between globally interoperable and locally fl exible records. Our story suggests a broader lesson: since both types of 'location' information are necessary; and since vast resources were already invested in globalizing knowledge infrastructures; then investing in local knowledge infrastructures and in alternating between both types of memory practices seems the most rational option, and a good way to resist epistemic injustice affl icting local knowledge in peripheral localities.Keywords: biodiversity, database, epistemic-injustice


The present invention relates to a method for measuring cardiac output from blood pressure data, and has the following effects. First, the method of measuring cardiac output from aortic blood pressure has an effect of making it easier to measure than the prior art. Second, the cardiac output measurement method using the time constant that the circulatory vascular resistance and the arterial blood vessel capacity, starting from the blood pressure data of the present invention, is a method of estimating the cardiac output from a conventional blood pressure waveform in which inaccuracy has been found (Pulse contour cardiac). It is judged to be an alternative method of output, PCCO and it is easy to calibrate. The cardiac output is measured for this purpose, in particular by the method of claim 1.


In this paper,the authors use Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)approach to examine the extent to which changes in exchange rates result in changes in Chinese domestic price level.The results of the empirical analysis indicate that exchange rate transmission effect to Chinese domestic price is incomplete and small in magnitude.There are different effects on different kinds of price index.Specifically,the change in RMB exchange rate has more significant effect on PPI than CPI both in the long-run or the short-run.In addition,the exchange rate transmission to Chinese domestic price level is time-lagged,the transmission coefficient to the CPI almost is near to 0 after 8 months.In contrast,the time-lagged effect on the PPI is relatively longer.The above empirical results have important implications for Chinese exchange rate policy and macro-economic control.


The translation of picornaviruses is different from that of eukaryotic cell.The synthesis of the viral polyprotein of this kind of viruses is initiated cap-independently at the internal ribosome entry site(IRES).During this process,the transcription and translation of host cell are inhibited.This process take places a series of complex interactions and message intercourse between picornaviruses and host cells.The paper reviews study progresses in the field.


Recent advances in solid-state qubit technology are paving the way to fault-tolerant quantum computing systems. However, qubit technology is limited by qubit coherence time and the scaling of quantum processors is limited by the complexity of coupling quantum systems with a classical electronic infrastructure. Hence, the proposed approach is to use CMOS at cryogenic temperatures, in order to ensure physical proximity to the quantum bits, thus reducing thermal gradients and increasing compactness. In this thesis, several RF circuits designed using commercial CMOS technology have been shown to be working at cryogenic temperatures. Such circuits could be easily interfaced (or integrated, in the future) with a qubit processor. The performance of the circuits is comparable to the state-of-the-art systems, currently used as control units for qubits. Moreover, these circuits have a much smaller form factor and could be made to work inside a dilution refrigerator where the qubits are operational, hence providing the first demonstration of a scalable solution.


Summary Cross-pollination is of primary importance for quince (Cydonia oblonga), whose flowers reward pollinators with pollen and nectar. Characteristics of the nectar from two self-fertile (SF) and two self-sterile (SS) cultivars of quince were compared in a 3-year study, in order to establish if the two fertility groups differed from each other in terms of nectar production and/or insect attraction. The volume of nectar secreted per flower per day was measured using calibrated capillaries. The concentrations of nectar sugars were determined using a hand-held refractometer. The composition of nectar sugars was analysed using thin layer chromatography and densitometry. The quantity and quality of the nectar varied between years, cultivars, and fertility types. The volumes of nectar ranged from 0.40 – 5.30 µl flower–1 d–1 over the 3 years. The concentrations of sugars in the nectar produced flower–1 d–1 averaged ≥ 20% (w/w) in all cultivars, and ranged from 21.80 – 35.60% (w/w) over the 3 years. Significantly lower volumes of nectar were measured in the SF cultivars than in the SS cultivars in both years of the study. However, the concentrations of sugars in the nectar were not significantly lower in the SF group. The total sugar content of nectar varied between 160.59 – 347.65 mg ml–1. The main sugar component in the nectar was sucrose, followed by glucose and fructose. Differences in the composition of nectar sugars could not be correlated with the two fertility groups. Our data showed that, although certain properties of their nectar make SS cultivars more attractive to honeybees than SF cultivars, members of the latter group can also attract sufficient numbers of bees to carry out cross-pollination, which is beneficial to both fertility types of C. oblonga.


Cyclosporin A(CsA) as immunosuppressive drug is used to prevent immune reactions after organ transplant. And also It is reported that the effect of CsA on osteoblast differentiation has been controversial according to dosage. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various CsA concentrations on osteoblast differentiation. According to different concentration o f CsA, growth curve, apoptosis index MTT assay, ALP activation and osteocalcin secretion, in cultured NHost were analyzed. Treating osteoblasts with low concentrations of CsA increased growth rate, MTT assay activity, ALP activation and osteocalcin protein levels in a dose-dependent manner, while high concentration showed opposite results. Therefore, these results showed that low concentrations of CsA increased osteoblast differentiation, while high concentrations elicited an opposite response, showing inhibition of CsA on osteoblast differentiation. It suggested that different CsA concentrations might play in regulating NHost differentiation, and its specific activation of lower concentration will represent a viable anabolic therapy for bone resorption disease in future.


Because of the complexity of electro hydraulic servo motor analysis and nonlinearities in the system dynamics, design and control of electrohydraulic servo actuators are still difficult and immature, although various methodologies of the automatic control science were brought to the proof in the field; from linearization to artificial intelligence paradigm. In the recent years there has been increasing interest of fuzzy control in hydraulic applications. The advantage of these fuzzy control methods is that improvement of the transient characteristic of control performance and control with excellent robustness can be realized. In this paper, based on the mathematical model driven, the implementation of self tuning fuzzy logic controller (STFLC) technique for positioning an electro hydraulic servo motor system as a nonlinear plant is investigated. Feasibility and robustness of such application is assured.


Peripheral and central thermoreceptors are involved in sensing ambient and body temperature, respectively. Specialized cold and warm receptors are present in dorsal root ganglion sensory fibres as well as in the anterior/preoptic hypothalamus. The two‐pore domain mechano‐gated K+ channel TREK‐1 is highly expressed within these areas. Moreover, TREK‐1 is opened gradually and reversibly by heat. A 10°C rise enhances TREK‐1 current amplitude by ∼7‐fold. Prostaglandin E2 and cAMP, which are strong sensitizers of peripheral and central thermoreceptors, reverse the thermal opening of TREK‐1 via protein kinase A‐mediated phosphorylation of Ser333. Expression of TREK‐1 in peripheral sensory neurons as well as in central hypothalamic neurons makes this K+ channel an ideal candidate as a physiological thermoreceptor.


The beginning of January was chiefly mild, and some thunder; but as the year advanced it grew more frosty, intermixed with storms and rain, and was a severe latter end of the winter; not long nor settled frosts, but frequent, especially in March, which was almost all either frost and snow, or storms and wet, and was followed by so wet, cold, and backward a season for two months as none remembered.


Tao Yuanming is one of the famous hermits in the history, and he was also the creator of Chinese pastoral poetry. Because of the political darkness, Tao Yuanming backed off to his hometown as a hermit when he was 41 years-old. In this time, he created many pastoral poems. In this article the poems of Tao Yuanming are analyzed and summarized to recur the Shangjing garden environment. Through these Tao Yuanming's idea about the unity of heaven and man and returning to nature is explored.


The Publication in April 1988 of the document, Energy 2000: A National Energy Policy, was a landmark, since this was the first clear statement of the Australian Government's energy policy. Previously, Federal Governments had been content to tax domestic crude oil production to the level of the world oil price – so-called import parity pricing – at some benefit to the Revenue, with few other initiatives. After outlining the importance to Australia of the energy sector, this paper examines critically the elements of energy policy as stated in the document, with particular emphasis on policies for energy conservation, in some aspects of which Australia lags behind other industrialised countries. The paper concludes with some suggestions for changes to the stated policies.


A secure communication scheme that uses the random fluctuation of the natural environment of communication channels is studied and an improved scheme for the secret key generation is proposed. We have been developing a novel secret key generation and agreement scheme that uses the fluctuation of channel characteristics with an Espar (electronically steerable parasitic array radiator) antenna. This antenna consists of a single central active element surrounded by parasitic elements loaded with variable reactors. Using an Espar antenna, we can increase the fluctuation of the channel characteristics and acquire the undulated RSSI (received signal strength indicator) profile in a short time to generate a randomized secret key. We acquire more randomized and stronger secret keys generated from the interleaved RSSI values in this scheme. As a result of experiments on the prototype system in which the IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBeetrade wireless PAN (personal area network) chip is mounted, we confirmed that the probability of success for key generation was estimated to exceed 99.998% when 128-bit secret keys are changed every two seconds and that the generated secret keys were sufficiently random to pass the FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards) PUB 140-2 statistical test for random numbers


Aim at the problem that the financing mode of state-owned contractor is single,discuss some kinds of the financing mode which state-owned contractor may adopt.And some advice and countermeasures are presented in choosing the financing mode.


Small businesses in the same sector tend to be geographically concentrated. Understanding why businesses in some industries cluster is a key issue in urban economic theory, particularly in the Marshallian and Jacobsian traditions. These emphasize the logistical and informational synergies (advantages) that accrue to firms in agglomeration economies, allowing firms located near one another to accelerate their rate of innovation. However, little is known about how spatial forms foster the clustering of firms or the mechanisms through which this process might facilitate knowledge spillover over between different businesses. In this paper we present an historical case study in which space syntax methods, archival research and urban economic theory were used to enhance understanding of the spatial ordering of London's nineteenth-and early twentieth-century furniture industry, a sector characterised by a proliferation of small, local firms. The spatial morphologies of the furniture industry in the Shoreditch and Fitzrovia areas of London are profiled by linking business directories, historical Ordnance Survey maps and Goad fire insurance plans to space syntax measures describing the spatial configuration of London's street network, on a GIS platform. Historically, the two casestudy areas have hosted a wide range of furniture-manufacturing businesses. We hypothesise that the contrast between the spatial structures of the two districts contributed to the divergent paths development of the furniture industry in these places. Our results suggest the two areas developed as different knowledge economies, in part as a consequence of their contrasting spatial configurations and their influence on industrial organization. Shoreditch became a 'specialization' economy (i.e. Marshallian). Here the organic pattern of streets allowed specialized businesses to be located in close proximity to key streets, benefiting from more local footfall, and in close localization of firms belonging to the same industry. Fitzrovia, however, showed a more 'diversified' economy (i.e. Jacobsian), accommodating most of its retailers on streets highly integrated across scales and more commercially-driven. In the context of constraints of land use and rising land values, manufacturing operations moved to other places whilst retaining large-size firms that created a retail destination in a high footfall location good for attracting passing trade. We anticipate that this research will contribute to understanding the distinctive spatial cultures of urban manufacturing and to the development of a methodological approach that opens up new prospects for inter-disciplinary research.


127 7. Farkhutdinov, R.R. and Baimurzina, J.L. (2011), "The use of natural antioxidants that are part of bee products for the prevention of oxidative stress during physical exertion", Materials I Congress with international participation Medicine for the sport, pp.91-96. 8. Pesic, S., Jakovljevic, V., Djordjevic, D., Cubrilo, D., Zivkovic, V., Jorga, V., Mujovic, V., Djuric, D. and Stojimirovic, B. (2012), "Exercise-induced changes in redox status of elite karate athletes", Chin. J. Physiol, Vol. 55 No 10, pp. 8-15. 9. Dopsaj, V., Martinovic, J., Dopsaj, M., Kasum, G., Kotur-Stevuljevic, J. and Koropanovski, N. (2013), "Hematological, oxidative stress, and immune status profiling in elite combat sport athletes", J. Strength. Cond. Res, Vol. 27, No 12, pp. 3506-3514. 10. Martinovic, J., Dopsaj, V., Kotur-Stevuljevic, J., Dopsaj, M., Vujovic, M., Stefanovic, A. and Nesic, G. (2011), "Oxidative stress biomarker monitoring in elite women volleyball athletes during a 6week training period", J. Strength. Cond. Res, Vol. 25, No 5, pp.1360-1367. Контактная информация: email@example.com


0. Florence Voegelin has allowed me to examine for purposes of identification a typescript Ms. of 40 narrative texts with interlinear translation by P. E. Goddard, which came to the Indiana University Linguistic Archive on the death of Gladys Reichard. Reichard had received it on the death of Elsie Clews Parsons, who appears to have been Goddard's literary executor. The Ms. had no title page, and carried no author or general title or superscription; in fact the 40 tales also lack headings. As I knew from our personal association that Goddard had collected systematic bodies of texts, beyond those which he published, at least in the Tolowa and Nongatl languages, and possibly in others, I asked for the loan of this body of material, which has come to the Indiana Archive marked merely 'Not Kato',


The surface of Mars is currently being mapped with an unprecedented spatial resolution. This high resolution, and its spectral range, give the ability to pinpoint chemical species on Mars more accurately than before. The subject of this paper is to present a method to extract informations on chemicals using hyperspectral images. We propose to combine spatial Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and spectral Bayesian Positive Source Separation (BPSS). The basic idea is to use spatial ICA yielding a rough classification of pixels, which allows selection of small, but relevant, number of pixels. BPSS is then applied for the estimation of the source spectra using this reduced set of pixels. Finally, the abundances of the components is assessed on the whole pixels of the images. Results of this approach are shown and evaluated by comparison with reference spectra.


This presentation provides information on the path taken by a faculty member at a Minority Serving Institution (MSI). She presents the difficulties and opportunities that have been presented to her and, as a role model she has managed to improve the quality of life of her students. Knowing the distribution of the population in computer areas (by race, gender, and other characteristics) is relevant to be able to introduce the concept of diversity, equality, and inclusion and to establish basic strategies to improve these characteristics in the work and study environments for minority populations. On the other hand, it is important to know the types of bias and how this issue has been addressed (successfully and unsuccessfully) in companies related to computing and the impact it generates on diversity, inclusion, and equity. Finally, we will briefly mention how the issue of diversity, inclusion, and bias impacts research results, particularly in data science.


The ability of normal‐hearing adults to identify and discriminate novel speech sounds improves with training. Neurophysiological changes associated with this improvement include increased duration and area, as well as shortened onset latency, of the mismatch negativity (MMN) [N. Kraus et al., J. Cog. Neurosci. 7, 25–32 (1995); K. Tremblay et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 1–12 (1997)]. The MMN is a passively elicited, preattentive, auditory event‐related potential that reflects auditory discrimination and echoic memory [R. Naatanen et al., Acta Psychol. 42, 313–329 (1978)]. To date, little is known about the time course of neurophysiological change and the manifestation of learning. The present study examined the time course of perceptual learning and its relation to changes in the MMN with the expectation that cortically evoked potentials could provide insight into the biological processes underlying perceptual learning and serve as a clinical tool for evaluating change during efforts of (re)habilitation ...


Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of metabolic abnormalities that are linked with significant morbidity, death, and health-care costs. Management options for patients with chronic illnesses such as diabetes are growing more complicated, which may result in a therapeutic burden for patients. The purpose of this research was to quantify the forms of concerns diabetic individuals have with medication that influence overall burden, as well as to examine the sociodemographic and clinical factors linked with negative medication use experiences and increased levels of burden. Methods:  The present research was a cross-sectional study of diagnosed diabetes patients who attended the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes between 1st of December 2021 and 30th April 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq. The Living with Medicines Questionnaire (LMQ) was used to assess medication-related burden (MRB). Results: The study recruited 193 patients with diabetes mellitus. The participants were adults with an average age of 50±15 years. More than half (52.8%) of the participating patients were women, and more than half (51.3%) also had one or more other chronic diseases. Additionally, 23.3% of patients had polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications). More than one-third had diabetes complications: neuropathy (45.6%) or retinopathy (38.9%). The mean LMQ score was (122.8±15.5). The research revealed that most of the DM patients experienced a moderate degree of medication burden (72.5%), followed by high burden (14.5%), minimum burden (12.4%), and no burden at all (0.5%) with no patient experiencing extremely high burden (0.0 %). Patients with uncontrolled blood glucose (high HbA1c), neuropathy, or retinopathy had a significantly higher medication burden. Conclusions: The MRB among diabetic patients is at a very high level. This information may be helpful to health care professionals and policymakers seeking to understand MRB for patients with diabetes. Future studies should focus on developing interventions that help reduce such burdens.


The host device can be connected with the image forming apparatus is disclosed. Host device in accordance with the present invention using the color transform function corresponding to the storage unit, the object to extract the at least one object, require a color conversion of the objects included in the PDF file stored extractor, the extracted objects, each to store a PDF file, , and it includes a communication interface for transmitting to perform color conversion processing for the extracted object, each color conversion processing and the PDF file that is the color conversion process is performed by the image forming apparatus.


In view of the grid voltage real-time monitoring,this paper designs a new type voltage monitoring instrument based on Atmega64 singlechip microcomputer which can transmit data by GPRS.USB interface is added to be convenient for equipment and PC data interaction. The results prove that the voltage monitoring instrument has stable performance and high detection precision. Also,it meets all the requirements of the design specifications.


In this work, we have led an analysis of different global solar radiation forecasting models errors according to the global solar radiation variability. Different predictions models were performed such as machine learning techniques (Neural Networks, Gaussian processes and support vector machines) in order to forecast the Global Horizontal solar Irradiance (GHI). We also include in this study a simple linear autoregressive (AR) model as well as two naive models based on persistence of the GHI and persistence of the clear sky index (denoted herein scaled persistence model). The models are calibrated and tested with data from three French islands: Corsica (42.15°N ; 9.08°E), Guadeloupe (16.25°N ; 61.58°W) and Reunion (21.15°S ; 55.5°E). Guadeloupe and Reunion are located in a subtropical climatic zone whereas Corsica is in a tempered climatic zone hence, the global solar radiation variation differs significantly. The output error of the different models was quantified by the normalized root mean square error (nRSME). In order to quantify the influence of the global solar radiation variability on the forecasting models error we performed a classification of typical days. Each class of day is defined by a global solar radiation variability rate. For each class and for each location, forecasting models were performed and the error was quantified.


A guide to establishing rapport and conducting interviews with children. It shows how the interviewer can obtain essential information from children who are psychotic or handicapped, who may have been physically or sexually abused, or who may be suicidal.


Molecular imprinted polymer is a technique for preparing of compounds, that have functional groups, and identifying of them. It is also a technique for novel drug delivery. In this research, molecular imprinted polymer is synthesized for extracting Betametazon by the bulk polymerization method. We will synthesis a polymer by using drug Betametazon as targeting molecule, MAA as monomer, EGDMA as cross linker and AIBN as initiator. Acid acetic and chloroform and methanol have been used for washing. Then by using UV absorb amount of drug by polymer have been considered. Results show that synthesized molecular imprinted polymer have a high selectivity for extraction of Betametazon


In its December 7, 1977 issue, the wellknown French newspaper Le Monde carried, in its front-page "Bulletin from Abroad" column, an editorial-like essay on the "daring" and "good sense" of the Catalans for having achieved "what the Communists call the only national front government existing actually in Europe." This was the autonomous government formed in Barcelona the previous December 5. Inside, the paper carried two articles on that regional government (p. 3). Further inside, in the cultural section, there was a brief article on the recent opening of a Center of Catalan Studies at the University of Paris-Sorbonne (p. 23).


This paper considers a spin chain model by numerically solving the exact model to explore the non-perturbative dynamical decoupling regime, where an important issue arises recently (J. Jing, L.-A. Wu, J. Q. You and T. Yu, arXiv:1202.5056.). Our study has revealed a few universal features of non-perturbative dynamical control irrespective of the types of environments and system-environment couplings. We have shown that, for the spin chain model, there is a threshold and a large pulse parameter region where the effective dynamical control can be implemented, in contrast to the perturbative decoupling schemes where the permissible parameters are represented by a point or converge to a very small subset in the large parameter region admitted by our non-perturbative approach. An important implication of the non-perturbative approach is its flexibility in implementing the dynamical control scheme in a experimental setup. Our findings have exhibited several interesting features of the non-perturbative regimes such as the chain-size independence, pulse strength upper-bound, noncontinuous valid parameter regions, etc. Furthermore, we find that our non-perturbative scheme is robust against randomness in model fabrication and time-dependent random noise.


Bamboo belongs to the grass family Poaceae and is recognized as the fastest growing plant on earth. It is considered as an economic resource for a wide range of uses and for poverty alleviation for tribal in particular. The role of bamboo in the economy of the Himalayan people is of utmost importance. The present article deals with a list of bamboos occurring in Himalayas with their vernacular names, distribution and different tribes found in this Himalayan Range especially the lesser Himalayas. However extensive study is required to know emphatically about the bamboo diversity of the Himalayan state.


COMPOSITION OPERATORS ON RIEMANN SURFACES by Ioana C. Mihaila University of New Hampshire. September. 1996 G eneral background. Composition operators are defined on a Hilbert (or Banaeh) spaces of complex valued functions defined on some set X. For the big majority of cases the set X is the unit disc in the complex plane, and the space of functions is one of the Hardy or Bergman spaces (weighted or not). This is due. without doubt, to the richness of those spaces, and the high degree of interest in them. There have been also important papers on the study of the Hardy spaces on the unit ball of n-dimensional complex space. I have been working with my advisor. Prof. Eric Nordgren. towards generalizing the setting of the composition operators from the spaces above to Hilbert spaces of differential forms on Riemann surfaces. The composition operator then becomes the familiar ''pullback" , but its properties as an operator between Hilbert spaces have not been taken into consideration before. R esults. We have found a characterization for the boundedness of the com position operator induced by an analytic map on the spaces of measurable square integrable 1-forms on two Riemann surfaces and answered the compactness questions for this case. We also found corresponding characterizations for the operator acting x R ep ro d u ced with p erm issio n o f th e copyrigh t ow n er. Further reproduction prohibited w ithout p erm ission . on the spaces of square integrable analytic forms. We discovered that if we consider the operator on the space of analytic square integrable forms of the unit disc, it is invertible if and only if the inducing map is invertible. This is also the case on all compact surfaces, with the exception of tori. In Chapter 4 we showed that the invertibility of the operator implies that the inducing function is one to one on more general Riemann Surfaces. Some results were obtained in computing the spectrum of the operator induced by automorphisms of the unit disc. However, a complete description seems hard to get. In the last chapter we give two examples of composition operators acting on spaces of square integrable analytic 1-forms on open Riemann surfaces.


Attaching great importance to agriculture is the premise of the economic development in Meizhou,Meizhou area now is in the course of transformation and upgrading period from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. The implementation of agricultural industrialization can improve agricultural efficiency and farmers' income and is in accordance with the development of modern agriculture. The transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture must include the cultural transformation. The feudal and backward consciousness existing in the traditional Hakka culture will hinder the realization of modern agriculture,slow down the process of Meizhou agricultural industrialization. This paper analyzes the impact of blood clan system,advocating literacy and education and the feudal smallholder consciousness of Hakka culture on agricultural industrialization in Meizhou. It propose four suggestions,including demonstrating the Hakka spirit of openness and tolerance,the courage to change,turning agricultural leading enterprises into"one of our own",improving the quality of farmers and promoting the use of modern science and technology,encouraging the spirit of advocating business and enterprises on the basis of advocating literacy and education. This paper aims to provide a new perspective for solving the bottleneck of the development of agricultural industrialization in Meizhou City.


I explore virtue and love in Maximus the Confessor's theology with an aim to drawing an ethics from it relevant to the present day. I use a meta-ethical framework derived from contemporary virtue ethics and look at virtue as an instance of love within the context of Maximus' cosmic theology. Virtue becomes a path that leads us towards love – who is God Himself. Virtue is thus about movement towards theosis. I describe virtue as a relationship between humans and God, brought about through the mutual practice of a life of ascesis from humans and grace from God. I look at the mediatoral role of humans as microcosms gathering up the universe in an image of Christ's activity. In particular I analyse the way that human activity is simultaneously cosmic and ascetic; personal and communal. The ethic of virtue that we pursue is always caught up in a conversation about what creation gathered in love looks like. Using a number of tools derived from Maximus' thought, I suggest that this ethics will necessarily transform our current communities and personal practices. Recognising the cosmic dimension of personal behaviour means that our communities must be scrutinised as extensions of our actions. As an example, I critique the state as an inadequate form of loving relationship, illustrating its systemic reliance on violence and ideologies of alienation and hatred. I give examples of alternative ways of human organising drawn from anarchist thought that might better enable us to love and, more importantly, enable us to call to account failures to love. I conclude that to seek theosis after the manner Maximus describes involves recognising our personal and communal failures to love. His holistic understanding of human purpose can help us see the cosmic dimension to personal ascetic practice and consequently set our sights on a more cosmic vision of love here in the present world.


Diploma thesis presents a study focused at the current level of industrial robotsand ther applications in the machining process. It presents current technology used in the selected company to produce components for the automotive industry. Based on analysis of the finished products presents the possible ways of alternating the current technology to ensure the required quality of production. This thesis also includes a financial assessment of current technology.


Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) include community-based organizations as well as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), do not include business or for-profit associations.  As the COVID-19 pandemic swept the globe, CSOs have a significant role for providing frontline help and defending the rights of people across the world. There are significant corruption risks during times of crisis. Civil society has an important role to play in ensuring funds to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic reach their destination.it has reshaped the megatrends buffeting the $900 billion-a-year packaging industry. Therefore, this paper aimed to increase awareness to support civil society by applying innovative marketing methods such as changing the visual identity of the institution in order to support the principle of social distancing. In addition to, Providing treatment to Corona patients by sending packaging that also supports the principle of social distancing through the innovative packaging to help the state's efforts in facing the Corona crisis..  The level of consumers' knowledge of the concept and role of civil society organizations During the covid-19 pandemic was evaluated by using  a questionnaire  was prepared in Google Forms, comprising 11  questions five of this  questions  on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). Finally, this study shows the responses of target group on aspects of role of civil society organizations, the branding and packaging role during the Covid-19 pandemic, growth of online shopping, and the most important initiatives by civil society organizations during the corona virus pandemic. From this point, we start with the practical study by presenting proposals for different marketing tools to support the role of civil society organizations during crises


Objective: To observe effect of bacillus amyloliquefaciens on inflammation in normal mice.Methods:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were inoculated into normal Kunming mice by the respiratory track、alimentary canal and wound respectively.The symptoms of mice infected with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were observed at 24,48,72h,1,2W and 3W;the number of white blood cell(WBC) was counted; the bacteriological and pathological examination of blood and tissues in infected mice was done at the same time. Results:The infection of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens may cause WBC to increase and body weight to lose,and light symptom and inflammatary change in histology can be found in experimental mice.Conclusion:The strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has certain effect on inflammation in normal mice.


Currently the Polish market as well as the European market note a significant growth of interest in food products with specific quality characteristics traditionally produced for many decades, or even for many centuries. It should be noted that Podkarpacie Province in Poland is the region of the country which is in the third place in terms of number of products placed on the List of Traditional Products. The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of selected meat products coming from traditional production and mass production. The material for the study were selected meat products purchased in retail outlets in Poland in Podkarpacie Province. There was evaluated chemical composition of selected meat products: homogenized sausages, medium ground sausages, offal cured meats and smoked bacons. In said products there was determined the content of water, fat and protein. The evaluation of selected parameters of the chemical composition was made using Food Check apparatus. The research showed that finely ground sausages, medium ground sausages and smoked bacons produced by the traditional method were characterized by higher content of water and protein and lower amounts of fat. Only in the case of traditional offal cured meats was noted fat content higher by 2.1%. All analyzed meat products produced in the traditional manner were characterized by higher content of protein compared to similar products from mass production.


Ethnographic methods complement standard treatment or control group studies by providing contextual and culturally sensitive information to administrators and service providers in AIDS prevention programs.


The description of the basic equations and numerical-analytical methods of analysis of the theoretical model of functioning and structural-parametric optimization of hydro acoustic screens of underwater vehicles. The technique is based on a hierarchical fuzzy model of hydro acoustic activity underwater vehicles.


An adoptive transfer system was used to investigate the H-2 restriction of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to herpes simplex virus. A successful DTH transfer was achieved when donor and recipient were compatible at the I-A region, with K and D region compatibility unnecessary. However, the rapid clearance of infectious virus from the inoculation site was found only when the donor and recipients were compatible at H-2K (and presumably D) and I-A regions.


It is shown that regular ordinary differential operators have a semibounded spectrum. The proof requires fewer prerequisites than other proofs found in the literature and also yields estimates on the lower bound of the spectrum. The purpose of this note is to provide a short and relatively elementary proof of the following theorem. Theorem. Let p0(x), pi(x), ■ ■ ■ , pn(x) be a set of real functions on [0,1], such that pk(x) e Ck[0, \]for k=0, 1, • • ■ , n. Let {ak} denote their lower bounds such that pk(x)^.ak. In particular pn{x) is to be positive so that pn(x)^.a">0. Define the formally selfadjoint differential operator I by (1) l(u)=Z(-l)k(pk(x)uM)MI is defined on a suitable domain in L2[0, 1 ]. We now consider the boundary conditions in -1 2n-l (2) 2 a,,«'J>(0) + 2 AX"(1) = 0, i = 1, 2, • • • , 2m. ;. o j=o We assume that for all functions it, v e C2"[0, 1] that also satisfy (2) we have (3) (lu, v) (u, Iv) = [(lu)v u(h)] dx = 0. Let L, denote the regular selfadjoint operator generated by I and the boundary conditions (2) on the Hilbert space L2[0, 1]. The spectrum of Lx is bounded below. For other proofs of this theorem see [1], [2], [3], The proof of the theorem will be based on the following lemma. Received by the editors January 29, 1972. AMS 1970 subject classifications. Primary 34B25, 47B25; Secondary 47E05. 1 The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation under grant GP-27960. © American Mathematical Society 1972 298 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use ON SEMIBOUNDED DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS 299 Lemma. Let I be as in the above theorem. Consider the boundary conditions (4) m(î)(0) = 0, u(,)(l) = 0, ; = 0, 1, ■ •■,« 1. Denote by L0 the regular self adjoint operator generated by I and the boundary conditions (4). The spectrum of L0 is bounded below. Proof of the lemma. By integration by parts, use of the boundary conditions (4) and the fact that all pk(x)^.ak we have (5) (LoHj u) = f¿ pk \uik)\* dx ̂ Cf ak |M,fc,|2 dx. In order for u to be in the domain of L0 it must have at least n continuous derivatives. We can therefore expand m in a Fourier series that can be differentiated term by term n times. Then 00 (6) u = 2^ bm sin mux m=l and inserting the above in (5) we have (7) {L0u,u)±\2\bJ%k(m?rr. We now define the polynomial q(x) = ^ik=0akx2k and find, using (7), that 00 (8) (L0u, u) ^ | min q(mn)^ \bm\2 = min q(mrr)(u, u). m m=1 m Since an>0, q(x) must have a greatest lower bound so that the conclusion of the lemma follows from (8). N.B. (8) yields a lower bound for the smallest eigenvalue of L0. Proof of the theorem. We assume that 0 is not an eigenvalue for Lt or L0 and that in fact L0 is a positive definite operator. Otherwise we can shift Lx and L0 by a constant to accomplish this. Now we can associate a Green's function with both operators. Denote these by ATjOc.j) and K0(x, y) respectively. These satisfy the equations (9) L0K0(x,y) = à(x-y), (10) L1K1(x,y) = ó(x-y). But it is evident since both have the same singular behavior at x=y, that (11) l(K1(x,y)-Kl)(x,y)) = 0. License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use


Understanding and discussing the security aspects of IT systems during their development is challenging for both domain specialists and IT experts - neglecting this aspect leads to communication problems and, eventually, to less secure systems. An important factor for these challenges is the distribution and variety of basic IT security concepts, attacks, and countermeasures, e.g., in the standard literature. In this paper, we propose a generic metamodel for IT security capturing both its major concepts and their relationships to each other. With a focus on attacks, we show how this model is applied to different scenarios in distributed systems, i.e., Peer-to-Peer systems, Service-oriented Architectures, and Mobile ad hoc Networks. This allows for a better understanding of IT security in general and attacks in particular, thus, enabling effective communication between different parties during the development of security-critical IT systems.


Harry Harding is a Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution; formerly associate professor, Stanford University. Milda K. Hedblom, associate professor of politics and media, Augsburg College, will be associated with the Institute of Politics and Press Research at the University of Oslo during the spring term, 1984, to conduct research and teach under the terms of a Faculty Internship Award funded through the Bush Foundation.


The aerodynamic characteristics of MH-45, S5010, E328, E330 wing profiles were analyzed using interactive the program XFOIL of Mark Drela, MIT. Calculated results of transition location were compared with published measurement data from a wind tunnel at the University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign .


The invention provides a 3D printing device. The 3D printing device comprises a 3D printing device table, a laser and a galvanometer. The working tabletop of the 3D printing device table is located on the focal plane of the galvanometer. An optical fiber head of the laser is installed on a light-transmitting opening of the galvanometer. The 3D printing device further comprises an X/Y-axis motion platform. The galvanometer is installed on the X/Y-axis motion platform, the scanning range of the galvanometer is smaller than the printing plane of the 3D printing device table, the XY plane of the X/Y-axis motion platform is parallel to and covers the printing plane of the 3D printing device table, and the X/Y-axis motion platform is used for driving the galvanometer to move in the XY plane. The invention further provides a galvanometer scanning method of the 3D printing device. The method includes the following steps that whether the position needing to be scanned is located within the scanning range of the galvanometer is determined; scanning of the galvanometer is controlled according to the determination result. The scanning range can be narrowed so as to keep high printing accuracy, and the position with the large size can be printed through motion.


Growing demands for comfort, reliability, accuracy, energy conservation, safety and economy have fueled interest in proposals that can contribute to facilitate high performance control systems design. In terms of vibrations active control, it may represent, for example, a good relationship between the maximum reduction in vibrations transmission between two systems and the minimum energy expended in order to accomplish this reduction [1].


In order to interpret different radar contrasts on images of rain events over the ocean acquired by a multi-frequency/multi-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR), laboratory and field measurements have been performed. The aim of this investigation is to develop a method for estimating rain rates of small scale rain events over the ocean using radar backscatter data. The radar backscatter measurements of the water surface during the field experiments have been carried out using a four-frequency/multi-polarization scatterometer, during the laboratory measurements using a 9.8 GHz (X band) scatterometer at the wind wave tank of the University of Hamburg under different wind and rain conditions. The authors compare the results of these measurements with the radar cross-sections derived from SAR-images of rain cells over the ocean by calculating the ratios of the radar cross-sections at co- and cross-polarization (CCP-ratios). With help of further calculations performed using a composite surface model, and some basic assumptions the authors interpret radar images of rain cells more quantitatively by giving first estimates of rain rates.


Abstract New iron complexes [Cp*FeL]− (1‐σ and 1‐π, Cp*=C5Me5) containing the chelating phosphinine ligand 2‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐4,6‐diphenylphosphinine (L) have been prepared, and found to undergo facile reaction with CO2 under ambient conditions. The outcome of this reaction depends on the coordination mode of the versatile ligand L. Interaction of CO2 with the isomer 1‐π, in which L binds to Fe through the phosphinine moiety in an η5 fashion, leads to the formation of 3‐π, in which CO2 has undergone electrophilic addition to the phosphinine group. In contrast, interaction with 1‐σ—in which L acts as a σ‐chelating [P,N] ligand—leads to product 3‐σ in which one C=O bond has been completely broken. Such CO2 cleavage reactions are extremely rare for late 3d metals, and this represents the first such example mediated by a single Fe centre.


Overtime since its inception disparities in effective utilization of education subsidy in public secondary schools in Kenya have been noted. Researcher and educationists attribute this to non application of monitoring and evaluation procedures in schools and final shortage of its provisions for quality education in Kenya in the 21 st century. In countries where education subsidy had been introduced, complains of its ineffectiveness is overwhelming and suggestions is that only monitoring and evaluation procedures in institutions can save the situation. The introduction of quality assurance and standards department in the ministry of education science and technology was seen as a way out in solving such problems but not much has been achieved. School administration through staff meeting, supervision and general assembly meetings has helped to monitor and evaluate effective utilization of education subsidy but 100% target is yet be attained. Based on the above the purpose of the study was help in establishing the extent to which school administration's monitoring and evaluation procedures influences the effective utilization of education subsidy in public secondary school Kisumu County, Kenya y. The study was guided by one study objective and one hypothesis that was to establish the extent to which school administration's monitoring and evaluation procedures influences effective utilization of education subsidy and the hypothesis that there was no significant relationship between school administration's monitoring and evaluation procedures and effective utilization of education subsidy. Descriptive survey and correlation study designs were used. Target population was 347 comprising of principals, teachers and students presidents. Data collection instruments was questionnaires and key informant guide. Data analysis was both qualitative and quantitative. Study findings were that school administration's monitoring and evaluation procedures had strong positive correlation with effective utilization of education subsidy as" r" value was r=.541, p =.000 (P< 0.05), it contributed 29.3% of the variance in effective utilization of education subsidy. The conclusion was that there was a positive relationship between the two variables. The study recommends further research on other stake holders such as Parents' and Board of Management monitoring and evaluation procedures and their influence on effective utilization of education subsidy in public secondary schools in Kisumu and other Counties. Keywords : Monitoring and Evaluation, School Administration, Education Subsidy


The chromosome morphology of two populations of Chara setosa f. setosa from Murshidabad and Purulia districts of West Bengal were studied from mitotically dividing cells of antheridial filament. A comparative study of karyograms of these two populations has been made to establish a correlation between morphological variability including oospore wall ornamentation and variation in chromosome morphology at population level, for the first time.


A triple helix composed of three dodecanucleotides, 5′-d(TC)6, 5′-(AG)6 and 3′-d(TC)6 with each containing a methylcytosine or a protonated-cytosine, was examined in terms of various interactions. Computational analysis of the stability of triplex formation was consistent with the experimental observations. The Hoogsteen base pairing interaction was increased through substitution of 5-methylcytosine for cytosine and/or protonation. The interaction between water molecules and DNA triplex was visualized in terms of the end-to-end distance change of each strand. The chain length was reduced by about 7.5 %–16.2 % due to the screening effect. In addition, as the screening effect increases, Hoogsteen base pairs appear to be stable in triplex formation. Our computational results also show that the effect of protonated- and methylated-cytosine on the stability of triplex formation was due to the change of the electrostatic interactions rather than the surface stacking interaction.