Abstract : A permeability factor responsible for the delayed Arthus vascular response was previously discovered in the local skin site. The Arthus permeability factor was found to be a complex of three factors I, II and III. Successful purification by chromatography of factors II and III was performed; these substances were non-diffusible and thermostable peptides, and behaved as homogeneous substances on electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. A similar permeability factor was also discovered in the delayed thermal vascular lesion. The permeability factor was also made up of three factors, I, II and III. The factors II and III showing a stronger permeability-increasing effect were successfully purified by chromatography. The effect of all these factors was long-active on experimental injection in contrast to short-living effect of permeability factors which were reported from other laboratories. The observations would seem to be very important for the endogeneous mechanism of increased vascular permeability in inflammation.


After Donoho's VisuShrink and Lakhwinder Kaur's Normal Shrink are deeply analyzed,an improved adaptive wavelet threshold algorithm on image suppression is proposed.According to the different characteristics of noise at different wavelet scales,an optimal threshold of each scale is determined by estimation of noise variance.Experimental results show that our algorithm is superior to some traditional spatial filters and new-developed methods based on wavelet both in visual effect and peak signal noise ratio(PSNR).


Endoscopic ultrasound is a useful imaging modality for evaluation of submucosal masses in the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration using dedicated curvilinear array echoendoscopes with Doppler capability and special needle devices with echogenic needle tips has emerged as a safe and accurate method for obtaining cytological samples from these lesions. However, adequacy of samples obtained and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for submucosal masses (especially stromal cell tumors) may not be comparable with other lesions for which endosonographic fine-needle aspiration is commonly indicated. Improvements in technology are still required.


The social welfare sector's response to the country's transformation to a genuine democracy is embedded in the White Paper for Social Welfare, which was adopted in 1997. This article reviews the success of the White Paper for Social Welfare over the past ten years. The implementation has been effective in reshaping welfare policy. There is now a much clearer understanding of developmental social services in relation to traditional social welfare and social development. Social welfare is firmly established and reflects a rights-based approach and, there is significant evidence that the sector has made a shift to the developmental approach. The key priority is to fast-track the social welfare sector's delivery on socio-economic goals in order to impact on the deep-seated poverty and inequality in which South Africa's social crises are entrenched.


The paper presents experimental data referring to the influence of E glass wastes as aggregate substitute on the properties of concrete. Industrial E glass waste was ground up to a content of 64 % particles smaller than 0.5 mm. It was studied the expansion evolution due to the aggregate alkali reaction ASR, of the reference mortar and of those with E glass or with packing glass waste, particles under 0.5mm, up to 12 month, using the mortar bars method. The mortar bar expansion was of 0.24 mm/m, for E waste addition, 0.56 mm/m for packing glass addition and 0.42 mm/m for the control bars. The alkali content (Na 2 O + K 2 O) of E glass was 0.6% and 14.5% of packing glass, was a favorable premise of alkali-silica reaction decreasing. The compressive strength of samples with 33% E glass was 21, 26 and 30 % higher than that of the control sample at the age of 28, 90 and 360 days. The bending strengths also were higher than those of the control sample with 3, 8 and 10% at the same ages. The concrete shrinkage was 1.54 mm/m at 360 days age. The mechanical strength increase can be justified by the pozzolanic character of the fine glass particles. The concrete workability decreases at the increase of the amount of glass due to fibrous shape and to the great quantity of fine particles, therefore the use of a high-range water reducers admixture was necessary. Based on the obtained results one may affirms that 0. 5mm particle size fine aggregate substituting by E glass is beneficial to concrete compressive and bending strengths.


ABSTRACT In this investigation, six satellite-derived precipitation products namely Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN), Climate Prediction Centre (CPC) Morphing Technique (CMORPH), Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) final run both non gauge-calibrated (IMERG) and gauge-calibrated (IMERG-GC), and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) for GPM both non gauge-calibrated (GSMaP) and gauge-calibrated (GSMaP-GC) are evaluated over Bangladesh, using ground-based rain gauge observations as reference over a 3 years period from January 2014 to December 2016. Nine widely used categorical and volumetric statistical matrices such as bias, probability of detection, volumetric hit index, false alarm ratio, volumetric false alarm ratio, critical success index, volumetric critical success index, miss index, and volumetric miss index are employed to exploit the performance of the precipitation products in detecting extremes above different quantile thresholds (i.e. 50%, 75%, and 90% quantiles) for various temporal window (i.e. 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h). The bias values show that none of the satellite rainfall data sets are ideal for detecting extreme rainfall accumulations. In fact, all products lose their detection skills consistently as the extreme precipitation thresholds (50%, 75%, and 90% quantiles) increase. The results indicate that PERSIANN shows the worst performance over the study region. Overall, GSMaP-GC performs better than the other precipitation products. However, the FAR values of GSMaP are also higher over monsoon and post-monsoon months. The categorical and volumetric scores reveal that the detection skill increases remarkably for all rainfall data sets throughout the year with the increase of extreme quantile thresholds. At higher temporal accumulations, the detection capability of the products also improves considerably, and this improvement is more significant during monsoon period. The performance is relatively poor for all precipitation data sets over the cold months. In general, all six satellite precipitation products are doing well in detecting the occurrence of rainfall but are not so good in estimating the amount of rainfall.


Studies of the social bases of environmental concern over the past 30 years have produced somewhat inconsistent results regarding the effects of sociodemographic variables, such as gender, income, and place of residence. The authors argue that model specification errors resulting from violation of two statistical assumptions (interval-level measurement and parallel regression) may contribute to such inconsistency. Using data from an April 2000 Gallup poll commonly known as the Earth Day Survey, they found that violation of the former assumption has little effect on analysis results, whereas violation of the latter assumption leads to inconsistent effects of sociodemographic variables.


Modelling complex systems such as agroecosystems often requires the quantification of a large number of input factors. Sensitivity analyses are useful to fix the appropriate spatial and temporal resolution of models and to reduce the number of input factors to be measured or estimated accurately. Comprehensive spatial and dynamic sensitivity analyses were applied to the Nitroscape model, a deterministic spatially distributed model describing nitrogen transfers and transformations in a rural landscape. Simulations were led on a virtual landscape that represented five years of farm management in an intensive rural area of 3 km². Cluster analyses were applied to summarize the results of the sensitivity analysis on the ensemble of model outcomes. The 29 studied output variables were split into five different clusters that grouped outcomes with similar response to input factors. Among the 11 studied factors, model outcomes were mainly sensitive to inputs characterizing the lateral transmissivity of soil. The horizontal resolution of the model was a significant factor driving ammonium and nitrate mineralisation, and uptake by plants. The vertical resolution of the model had the highest impact on the cumulate emissions of nitrous oxides. The interactions between the amount of nitrogen used in fertilization and the lateral transmissivity of soil was the most important factorial effect driving the amount of nitrogen in the catchment discharge.


While 5G was primarily developed to address the anticipated capacity growth demand and enable the increasing importance of IoT based industry verticals, 6G will require a substantially more holistic approach by embracing a much wider community. 6G will become more human-centered than 5G, putting people at the center of a future super-smart society. In this paper, we elaborate on the anticipated shift of research focus from an IoT based Industry 4.0 to a more human-centered Society 5.0 paradigm in future 6G mobile networks, whereby so-called cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) will play a central role. To illustrate the potential of CPSS, we present two prominent examples of human-in-the-loop centric systems: The emerging Tactile Internet, one of the most interesting 5G low-latency applications, and the future Internet of No Things, an important stepping stone toward ushering in the 6G post-smartphone era. Finally, we take a brief trip into the emerging field of robonomics in the 6G era and touch on the potential of advanced blockchain technologies such as oracles to enable the on-chaining of blockchain-external off-chain information stemming from human users. In doing so, they leverage on human intelligence rather than machine learning only for the social integration of robots into human society.


Any minor fault may spread, accumulate and enlarge through the causal link of fault in a closed-loop complex system of civil aircraft, and eventually result in unplanned downtime. In this paper, the fault propagation path model (FPPM) is proposed for system-level decomposition and simplifying the process of fault propagation analysis by combining the improved ant colony optimization algorithm (I-ACO) with the Bayesian network (BN). In FPPM, the modeling of the fault propagation path consists of three models, namely shrinking model (SM), ant colony optimization model (ACOM), and assessment model (AM). Firstly, the state space is shrunk by the most weight supported tree algorithm (MWST) at the initial establishment stage of BN. Next, I-ACO is designed to improve the structure of BN in order to study the fault propagation path accurately. Finally, the experiment is conducted from two different perspectives for the rationality of the well-trained BN's structure. An example of practical application for the propagation path model of typical faults on the A320 air turbine starter is given to verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed method.


Asean Economic Community (AEC) has given a new challenges to Indonesia to maintain its products, include horticulture commodities, such as potato. One of potatoes production centers in Indonesia is Karo Regency, North Sumatera. The purpose of this study are to identify supply chain's structures and internal-external factors to formulate strategies for increasing potato competitiveness in Karo Regency. Data analyzed by Descriptive analysis, TOWS, and Pairwise Comparison. The results of this study is there are four priority strategies for Karo Regency in increasing it competitiveness, such as: 1) Training farmers to improve farmer's ability, independence, and institutional welfare through the establishment of Desa Percontohan; 2) Increasing the plant diseases treatment through the optimalization of agriculture clinic; 3) Improve farmer's ability to work in collaboration with bussines partner through promotion of agricultural products; and 4) Increasing the development of potatoes's superior seeds.


In response to earlier work on nitrate formation in atmospheric aerosols by A.E. Orel and J.H. Seinfeld (Abstract No. 24-32865), it was shown that the oxidation of SO/sub 2/ by HONO could play a significant role in the heterogeneous chemistry of the atmosphere. At 25/sup 0/C in 10% sulfuric acid, HONO oxidized hydrated SO/sub 2/ completely at characteristic reaction times of 15 to 30 sec. Both reactants were 0.001 to 0.0001 M. The reaction rate was unaffected by the presence of 0.0001 M nitric acid, which, alone in the same medium, did not oxidize hydrated SO/sub 2/, at least at very high rates.


This study aimed to develop bioremediation agent with bacterial cells as components for the treatment of biomedical wastes from two hospitals in Semarang City (Central Java), i.e. Roemani Muhammadiyah (coded R1) and Wongsonegoro (coded R2). Single isolates and consortium of indigenous hydrolytic bacteria characterized as multiple hydrolytic enzyme producers with low-to non-pathogenic properties obtained from previous study were tested for their degradation performance. The degradation performance test is necessary to formulate components of bacterial consortium as bioremediation agent. The tests were conducted on the selected bacteria as single isolate and as consortium. The six bacteria tested as single colonies and as consortium were Bacillus velezensis R1.3, B. amyloliquefaciens R1.6, B. amyloliquefaciens R1.14, B. velezensis R1.16, B. licheniformis R2.5, and B. amyloliquefaciens R2.9. Degradation performance on biomedical waste mainly containing organic matters was assessed based on water pollution parameters on 4.0-L samples. They included a control, 6 samples treated with bacteria as single colonies, a sample treated with bacteria as indigenous consortium and a sample treated with bacteria as mixed consortium. Parameters of wastewater pollution measured included COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Soluble Solid), NH3, and PO4. Next, encapsulation of a bacterial consortium as the best condition for degradation was also carried out using maltodextrin to allow storage and preservation of the bioremediation agent for longer period. The encapsulated product was visualized in SEM images to evaluate its quality. The results showed that a consortium comprising 4 indigenous bacterial isolates from R1 hospital could decrease BOD of biomedical wastewater by 85% and TSS by 43%. Those from R2 showed performance in reducing PO4 by 21%. This study demonstrated that compared to single isolates and mixed bacterial consortium tested, the indigenous hydrolytic bacterial consortium showed better ability in improving BOD and TSS of liquid biomedical waste of R1 hospital.


The controller area network is one of the field bus.A well-designed industrial field bus must be able to satisfy both RT and non-RT data exchange.At first this paper presents a distributed priority queue and its dynamic assigning promoting mechanism on CAN field bus;second the paper induces an intruding CSMA/CD protocol of the CAN fieldbus MAC layer.The problem of compatibility of both kind of transmission can be solved with it.


Considering the GIS application condition on the distribution network planning,the existing GIS-based distribution network planning software is analyzed.A comprehensive and systematic distribution network planning system is designed and developed according to the distribution network planning process.Compared to other planning software,this system has entity library of its own and chart-module integration function,which can create topology of network automatically,and need a little data input for optimization planning, power flow calculation and reactive power planning.The software features allround functions,high degree of automation,independence of the third party software and commercial database,higher practicality,and extensibility.This software has been applied in many power companies successfully.


The standard method to evaluate sound insulation in situ, concerned on the Standard ISO 140, is based on random excitation signal; such measurements have a limited signal to noise ratio and it is necessary a great number of measurement positions in order to diminish their standard deviation. A new standard, ISO 18233, standardize the reverberation time and sound insulation measurements obtained from deterministic signals such as sine swept or MLS. Due to the nature of these signals, the limitations of the classical method are avoided. This work presents the in-situ evaluation of sound insulation by using transfer function measurements, an auralisation process and the calculation of the speech privacy index. The estimation of the wall's acoustic transfer function is addressed also.


This study examines correlates of rater-ratee acquaintance. Results indicated that differences in sales productivity could account for overall rating and promotion differences associated with both ...


Early chapters give a full treatment of loop fundamentals, including comparisons of different types and orders, loop acquisition and stability, and the sources ofioop output noise. Over 150 pages are given to the study of individual loop components. Special loops are discussed, including direct digital frequency synthesis applications, multiple loop systems and fractional division techniques. The role of microprocessors in synthesizers is described in connection with the provision of some level of intelligence in instruments, and in performing housekeeping functions. Finally, three complete practical synthesizers are described, including a frequency hopping receiver and a short wave receiver. S. A. NIXON, Department ofElectrical and Electronic Engineering, Manchester Polytechnic


The use of artificial intelligence is a modern important trend in the creation of promising information and control systems of vehicles, including special purpose. The high demands on augmented reality software simply cannot rely solely on human programming to display virtual objects against the real world. Neural networks and machine learning can perform these tasks with much greater efficiency and can greatly improve the augmented reality experience. Goal. The purpose of the article is to develop the concept of convergence of augmented reality and artificial intelligence technologies for special purpose vehicles. Methodology. Artificial intelligence technologies contribute to the transformation of the economy, labor market, government institutions and society as a whole. The use of artificial intelligence technologies helps to reduce costs, increase production efficiency, quality of goods and services. Augmented reality technology offers more innovative methods of visualization by expanding the boundaries of reality, controlling the perspective of the object and visualization in a real context. Results. The concept of convergence of augmented reality and artificial intelligence technologies for special purpose vehicles based on a synergetic approach has been developed. An integrated intelligent information and control system for special purpose vehicles with augmented reality technology has been developed. Originality. Using the convergence of augmented reality and artificial intelligence technologies for special purpose vehicles. Practical value. Convergence is the foundation for achieving numerous positive social and economic effects. The use of augmented reality technology and artificial intelligence can significantly increase the efficiency of special purpose vehicles.


Problem setting. The development of society is constant. New technologies require the formation of skills that affect both professional and domestic activities of people. Employers seek to select employees who will be interested in their professional activities, which will contribute to the personal development of the individual and will have a positive impact on the work of the enterprise.
            Recent research and publications analysis. In the works of sociologists, the process of self-development of the individual, which contributes to his promotion by professional ladder, is defined as a "career". The analysis of literature sources shows that over time, the interpretation of this concept changes somewhat, acquires new approaches, but its conceptual essence, however, is not definitively defined.
Paper objective. This article aims to define the conceptual meaning of the concepts of "career" and "career strategies" based on the definitions proposed by researchers from different eras.
            Paper main body. The analysis allowed to identify two main conceptual approaches to the concept of "career", according to which the conceptual essence of career is the individual's desire for professional self-development, which is reflected in his professional activities, on the one hand, and on the other, life - this is a career, so the standard of living and success directly depend on the level of activity of the individual, his desire to develop.
            Career strategy is a model of behavior that an individual chooses during professional growth. The literature offers many variations of this definition and classification of models of career strategies, but the most complete and generalized is the classification proposed by E. Shane and the conceptual essence of the concept of "career strategy" is reduced to a conscious choice of behavior by the individual both in the professional sphere and in life in general. Sociological research shows that the model of career strategy is a direct reflection of the behavior and lifestyle of the individual in his professional activities, which affects and determines the rate of career growth.
Conclusions of the research. Analysis of scientific publications and scientific works allows to characterize the term "career", in a conceptual sense, in two perspectives, the first of which is formed on the basis of definitions proposed by the classics of sociology, and characterizes it as a process of professional growth. and from another point of view, which is defined by both foreign and domestic sociologists of the twentieth century, life is a career, it is a continuous movement in a certain direction of professional and personal growth. "Career strategy", according to the generalized definitions, is a model of an individual's behavior during his movement up the career ladder, which determines the speed of the individual's development, the ability to succeed in his career and personal life.


Interactive selection of the desired viewpoint is one important feature in multiview video streaming. When receivers differ in the number of simultaneously displayed views, it is challenging to optimize the multiview coding structure particularly when it comes to the use of inter-view prediction and anchor picture frequency. This paper presents a coding and transmission scheme for streaming to clients of different display capabilities. The scheme saves transmission bandwidth by sending only those views that are displayed in a receiver. Furthermore, the scheme enables viewpoint switching through inter-view-predicted redundant pictures representing different sets of views being switched from and switched to. When switching happens at a switch point, an appropriate redundant picture is adaptively chosen based on which views were transmitted before and will be transmitted after the switch point. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme improves the rate-distortion (RD) performance compared to simple anchor picture insertion.


Sefer Tehillim or the book of Psalms translated into Punjabi language is the most
accustomed, read, sung, recited and memorized part of Scriptures by the body of
Christ in Pakistan. Firstly, this thesis aims to explore the fascinating history behind
the making of these Psalms, the life of Rev. Dr. Imam-ud-Din Shahbaz who translated
them in versified form, key factors behind their popularity, and elements that hindered
their preparation. Secondly, selected Psalms are analyzed in order to examine the
overall translation quality of these Psalms and how meaning in the original has been
conveyed in the Punjabi translation. An attempt has been made to draw attention to
the linguistic barriers in the Punjabi translation that hinders the acquisition of a clear
comprehension for both urban and rural Punjabi speakers. Thirdly, although the
Psalms in Punjabi are much cherished by Punjabi Christians in Pakistan, value for a
poetical translation of the Psalms for Muslim brethren in the Islamic context of
Pakistan and bridge-building factors in the book of Psalms have been highlighted.
Finally, sociolinguistic issues facing the Punjabi Christians in Pakistan, their attitude
towards their mother-tongue and its likely effect on the continuation of the Psalms in
Punjabi and of the availability of Scripture in Punjabi are discussed. The thrust of this
thesis is to esteem the shared heritage of the Pakistani Christians, the Psalms in
Punjabi commonly known as the Punjabi Zaburs.


To serve as a viable alternative to doping heavy water with salt for Neutral Current detection in the SNO experiment, proportional or scintillation counters will have to be made of materials with very low background radiation, such as acrylic or Teflon. Since such substances are naturally very permeable to helium, measurements are made of the permeability of these materials, both uncoated, and with coatings of copper, magnesium fluoride, and parylene C deposited, using various techniques, in an attempt to reduce the helium permeation through test samples of these potential counter vessel materials.


Abstract. A basic summary is given on the theory of probability, statistical assessments and the aspects of inference and model building required as a basis for understanding the fundamentals of structural reliability. Basic concepts are outlined concerning the aspects of probabilistic modeling of load and resistance variables including the aspects of load combinations and materials models established of basic physical characteristics. Finally the aspects of reliability of technical components is addressed and First Order Reliability Methods are introduced.


— In recent yearsupconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)have being investigated due to their potential applications in biomedicine such as fluorescent biolabels, among many others. T he luminescence of this kind of NP's are effectively activatedby near infrared radiation (NIR) and upconvertto luminescence in the visible region. Besides, their luminescence is not faded as compared with organic dyes and fluorescent proteins. In this study, UCNPs made of Y 2 O 3 :Yb 3+ , Er 3+ (1%, 10% mol) and Gd 2 O 3 :Yb 3+ , Er 3+ (1%, 10% mol) were functionalized with aminosilanes and folic acid (UCNP-NH 2 -FA) and characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and luminescence measurements. Moreover, cytotoxicity was analyzed via colorimetric assays MTT (methy-134 thiazolyltetrazolium) in two cancer cell lines: cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) and breast cancer cells MB-MDA-231. It is found that the functionalized UCNPs were non-cytotoxic in all cancer cell lines. Confocal images revealed that UCNP-NH 2 -FA conjugates as a target to attract cells with overexpressed folate receptor (FR). The UCNPs offer a great potential to be used as bio labels because their fluorescence was clearly localized into cell cytoplasm.


More than twenty poetic poems in the Song Dynasty written about singing girls mainly depicted their unfortunate lot of life and deeply frustrated experience of feelings.These poems are epitomes of the flourishing poetic prose creation about the singing girls in the Song Dynasty.With their strong and unrestrained lyrics,simple and frank words as well as a unique style.


The correct diagnosis of healthcare‐associated pneumonia (HCAP) as opposed to community‐acquired pneumonia is essential for the selection of a correct empirical antimicrobial approach, reserving the broad‐spectrum or highly potent antimicrobial therapies for resistant strains most commonly present in HCAP, whereas treating the less resistant strains, most commonly associated with community and long‐term care facility‐acquired infections, with a more targeted empirical approach. The standard approach today is to differentiate between the two based on the medical history of the past 90 days prior to admission. Measurable, quantitative assessment may be able to assist in this decision. The objective of this study is to find a measurable method of differentiating between community‐acquired and healthcare‐associated pneumonias.


We study the Hartshorne-Rao module of curves lying on a rational normal scroll S_e of invariant e ≥ 0 in P^{e+3} . We calculate the Rao function, we characterize the aCM curves on S_e . Finally, we give an algorithm to check if a curve is aC M or not and, in the second case, to calculate the Rao function.


This work compares the learning of linear evaluation functions using preference learning versus least squares temporal difference learning, LSTD(λ), from samples of game trajectories. The game trajectories are taken from human competitions held by the French Othello Federation1. The raw board positions are used to create a linear evaluation function to illustrate the key difference between the two learning approaches. The results show that the policies learned, using exactly the same game trajectories, can be quite different. For the simple set of features used, preference learning produces policies that better capture the behaviour of expert players, and also lead to higher levels of play when compared to LSTD(λ).


This thesis comes up with the construction of teaching-quality guaranteeing system with the perspective of higher-professional teaching and education to meet the training goal of high-professional talents. It comprehensively analyses the structure, contents and characteristics of higher-professional teaching quality system.


The present invention relates to enzymes and a method for decomposing a hydrophobic ester pesticides and toxins. In particular, the invention relates to the use of insect esterase and its variants in bioremediation of hydrophobic ester pesticides and toxins residues such as pyrethroid residue which pollute the environment and Garden.


Psychological syndromes like depression and anxiety are common in neurological conditions and lead to poorer quality of life and disability. However, these syndromes are often under-recognized in neurologic patients and are thus under-diagnosed due to overlapping symptomatology. Here, we report on a patient with a complex neurological history as well as clinically significant affective symptoms.

 The patient is a 69-year-old Caucasian female recently diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus. Relevant medical history was significant for focal epilepsy with complex seizures, obstructive sleep apnea, and cerebrovascular accident. She underwent neuropsychological evaluation as part of a pre-surgical workup for shunt implantation.

 The patient's neurocognitive profile was marked by significant impairments in most cognitive domains and she was not independent in activities of daily living. On self-report measures of current emotional functioning, she reported clinically severe levels of depression, anxiety, apathy, executive dysfunction, and disinhibition. During the clinical interview, she reported experiencing passive suicidal ideation as well as a significant history of traumatic experiences.

 The psychological symptoms the patient was experiencing undoubtedly impacted her neurocognitive status and functioning abilities, though she was receiving no treatment for these symptoms. Addressing symptoms resulting from psychological syndromes in patients with neurological conditions is an important role for neuropsychologists, as accurate diagnosis of psychological syndromes can inform treatment recommendations and improve patient outcomes. This case illustrates the importance of documenting a thorough clinical history, including past psychiatric history, as well as a detailed examination of self-reported current psychological functioning as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological case formulation.


The paper has classified and summarized the major features and difficulties by a combination of the experiences accumulated in consultancy and user training


HE crib has been pulled near the doorway. At the far side sitsstraight, stiff, watchful-a boy, not a baby, 13 or 14 months old. He is pale, with shadowy blue under the big eyes that are giving nothing away. You pass the doorway two or three times. The little thin shoulders are still rigid. The closed look of the face is the same. Sammy came into the hospital last night. Presently you, whom he has never seen before, will go in to bathe him. In the next bed is 14-year-old Jimmy, also pale and somehow tense. You know he has an abscess on his neck, probably painful. He is propped up in bed, reading comic books, and does not answer your greeting. He has been like this for two days. Beyond sprawls Susie in a baby chair. She, too, watches but her round, oft limbs are relaxed. She is eating bits of dry cereal, one by one, with her fingers. Her pink toes, slippers kicked off, extend toward you. She smiles when you say "Hi." With Jimmy and Sammy your first friendly words have drawn a blank. With Susie the way seems open for a pleasant time. Differences such as these in children's responses have led us at the Yale University School of Nursing to ask whether there are any clues that will help us to make friends with children. Can we come to some simple understandings that will help get past those barriers which even little children know how to put up between themselves and a world which they may feel is hostile? We first observe that children will respond to genuine love and liking if they are not frightened and can be brought to trust the new people they meet. Then we learn that children basically know their own deepest needs and feelings, and will give us clues to those feelings if we are patient and willing to try to understand and follow the leads that each child gives. Third and very important: we find that children are far more aware


Purpose - The aim of this paper is to review the recent corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature in China, which has the world's largest developing economy. Through discussions and critical review, the objective is to suggest future directions for CSR research in this country. Design/methodology/approach - The paper starts with a review of recent CSR literature in the mainland, followed by an in-depth critique of two major Chinese CSR studies conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Findings - In China, much of the CSR literature is conceptual, descriptive, or argumentative in nature. Proper research methodologies are not systematically applied in some studies, and supporting theories are lacking. Besides, self-developed indicator systems, rather than internationally adopted systems, are used as the mainstream measurement tools in research focusing on CSR performance evaluation. In general, CSR research in China has just got started and has a long way to go. Originality/value - Recent reviews of CSR literature have concentrated on emerging economies, particularly Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and so on. This paper is one of the first reviews of CSR studies in mainland China. It contributes to understanding the development of Chinese CSR research. After the review and discourse, several research questions are suggested for future research.


This study examined the effectiveness of a behavioral parent training package that included initial training in two settings in the home with generalization of parenting skills (and the need for additional intervention) being assessed to a third setting in the home. Training in behavior modification skills was introduced in a multiple baseline design across parents. The results showed that although all parents increased their correct use of behavior modification skills following the introduction of intervention in two home settings, only one parent out of three spontaneously generalized these skills to a third home setting. The results of this study suggest that generalization of parenting skills across home settings may not take place for some parents without specific programming. Finally, the study showed that once skills had generalized across settings, parenting skills and child efforts maintained over a 1-year period.


Recently, researches on the micro-displays using inorganic LEDs have stirred much attentions due to its various advantages such as reduced power consumption, long life time and short response time. In this study, we achieved a full-color integration of LEDs for display applications by combining growth and bonding technologies with two different approaches. First method was integrating inorganic red, green, and blue LEDs on a single substrate using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and thin film bonding techniques. Second method was fabricating inorganic red, green, and blue LEDs by using GaN-on-Si-based blue LEDs and adhesive bonding.


Ten years ago the theory of elimination voltammetry with linear
scan (EVLS) was published and experimentally verified for
reversible, quasi-reversible and irreversible electrode
systems1-3. The EVLS can be considered a mathematical model of
the transformation of current-potential curves capable of
eliminating some selected current components, and conserving
the other ones. This contribution is devoted to the EVLS
transformation of irreversible current-potential curves of an
adsorbed electroactive substance. The function eliminating
charging and kinetic current components, and conserving the
diffusion current component, yields specific, sensitive and
well developed peak-couterpeak (p-cp) signal3-5. Theoretical
value of ratio Ip/(Ip+Icp) is 0,40973,5,8. This signal was
successfully employed in the analysis of nucleic acids and
short homo- or hetero-deoxyoligonucleotides (ODNs) containing
adenine (A) and cytosine (C)4-12.


The beginning education to the freshmen is a good way to help them adjust to new roles of being a college student,adapt to the university life and live happily and healthily.But currently the beginning education in college is in short of a systematic and targeting mode,with other obvious shortcomings leading up to concept and form,a satisfying achievement can not be reached.Therefore,universities in China need to fully organize the beginning system,with some appropriate guide,students would be able to save time and walk in an advantageous direction.


Oxidation of beryllium bronze will occur while being solution treated or artificially aged in air medium,thus affecting its performance.When QBe2 beryllium bronze which is packed in a stainless steel box full of pure copper powder is artificially aged,not only the oxidation of beryllium bronze can be prevented but also the production cost will be decreased,consequently achieving good results.


1,3,6,8-Tetra-t-butylphenanthrene-4,5-diol (1) is surprisingly susceptible to autoxidation to the hydroperoxide (2), the crystal structure of which has been determined. This reaction is initiated by light. In turn, the hydroperoxide (2) undergoes acid-catalysed autoxidation to the bishydroperoxide (12). The conversion of these hydroperoxides into the quinones (14) and (15) is described, as well as the autoxidation of some related phenanthrols. The ease of autoxidation is attributed to severe steric crowding in the bay region.


WESTNEAT, D. F., AND P. W. SHERMAN. 1997. Density and extrapair fertilizations in birds: A comparative analysis. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 41:205-215. WETTON, J. H., R. E. CARTER, D. T. PARKIN, AND D. WALTERS. 1987. Demographic study of a wild House Sparrow population by DNA fingerprinting. Nature 327:147-149. WITTENBERGER, J. L., AND R. L. TILSON. 1980. The evolution of monogamy: Hypotheses and evidence. Annual Reviews of Ecology and Systematics 11:197-232.


The objective of the project is to structure a portable application for inspecting and putting away information through a distributed storage administration. The information is remotely put away in the cloud. In some distributed storage frameworks, the cloud record may contain some touchy data. Scrambling the entire shared record doesn't permit different clients to get to it. In the current framework the client needs to use the biometric information to guarantee the character of the client and afterward a marking key will be checked which is to ensure the personality and security of the client. The principle downside of utilizing the biometric information is that it can't be coordinated precisely because of the elements that influence the difference in biometric information. A reference id made is naturally changed over to the QR code and it is checked utilizing a scanner and the specific record is downloaded. This record whenever erased or lost in the customer's inward stockpiling it very well may be recovered again from the cloud.


Objective To analyze homocysteine(Hcy) level in patients with angina and its relationship with coronary artery lesions degree, serum inflammatory cytokines levels. Methods A total of 128 patients with angina in our hospital were choose as observation group, which were divided into three groups according to degree of coronary lesion: one lesion group(34 cases), two lesions group(62 cases), three lesions group(32 casess). At same time, 58 healthy check-up people in our hospital were selected as control group. The levels of Hcy, folate, vitamin B12 and inflammatory cytokines were detected. Results(1) The level of Hcy in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, while folate, vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower(P0.05).(2) The levels of Hcy,folate, vitamin B12 showed statistically significant difference between the three groups of patients with different degree of coronary lesion. As lesion degree got worse, Hcy level was higher, and folate, vitamin B12 levels were lower(P0.05).(3) The inflammatory factor levels in patients with angina were significantly higher than those of control group.As lesion degree got worse, the inflammatory factors levels became significantly higher(P0.05).(4) Hcy level was positively correlated with the levels of interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-6(IL-6), C-reactive protein(CRP). Folate,vitamin B12 levels were negatively correlated with the levels of IL-10, IL-6, CRP. Conclusion The plasma levels of Hcy, folate, vitamin B12, as well as IL-10, IL-6, CRP, all increase in patients with angina. Hcy related indexes are correlated with coronary artery lesion degree and serum inflammatory factors levels.


A PROFUSION of research in the last few years by economists and others on the deterrent effect of the criminal sanction and other determinants of criminal activity attests to the empirical fertility of the apparently. "heretical" proposition that potential offenders respond to incentives. The reasons for the unpopularity of this proposition in modern criminology, despite its being a fundamental principle of legal and penal systems throughout history, are beyond the scope of this article. Suffice it to note that the spectre of the return to scientific prominence of the classical deterrence hypothesis, cavalierly rejected by criminologists for a century, has precipitated intense criticism in scholarly journals of the developing economic approach to crime, especially in reaction to a new study of the deterrent efficacy of the death penalty challenging the conclusions of earlier researchers. The latest criticism is the report of a "Panel on Research on Deterrent and Incapacitative Effects" (Panel) prepared under the auspices of the National Academy of Sciences.' The Panel decries, and addresses itself in the report to,2 the * Visiting Scholar, Hoover Institution, Stanford University and University of Chicago. Financial assistance for this study came from a grant to the National Bureau of Economic Research from the National Science Foundation for research in law and economics. The paper is not, however, an official National Bureau study. The financial support of the Charles C. Walgreen Foundation is also gratefully acknowledged. I am indebted to my colleagues Sam Peltzman, Allan Meltzer, and Arnold Zellner for valuable comments. I alone am responsible for the content of the paper. I The Panel's work has been largely ancillary to the work of the Committee on Research on Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice under the auspices of the Assembly on the Behavioral and Social Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences. However, the Committee did not participate in the selection of the members of the Panel nor in the selection of the commissioned authors and reviewers. Neither did the Committee guide the Panel's work. Moreover, the Panel's report has not been submitted to the Committee nor has the Committee endorsed, approved, or otherwise accepted the Panel's report. The Committee has issued an independent report. Committee on Research on Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, Understanding Crime--An Evaluation of the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice (Nat. Acad. Sci., Susan O. White & Samuel Krislov eds., 1977). 2 Panel on Research on Deterrent and Incapacitative Effects, Deterrence and Incapacitation: Estimating the Effects of Criminal Sanctions on Crime Rates (Nat. Acad. Sci., Alfred Blum-


Considering the fatigue life of submarine pipeline free span under the wave force,a high-cycle multi-level fatigue test was carried out with the specimens from the submarine pipeline free span ( X60) used in oilfield. Then the fatigue lives and their probability statistical distribution of X60 steel were obtained in different stress levels. The distribution of the specimen's fatigue life was obtained with parameter hypothesis test method,and the linear relationship between the logarithmic fatigue life and the equivalent cyclic stress was established under different survival rates. The P-S-N curve of X60 steel as specimens was modified by introducing into the composite correction factor and the unsymmetrical cycle coefficient. Then the fatigue life prediction formula for the practical submarine pipeline free span was developed. The results show that the fatigue lives of specimens obey lognormal distribution,and the relationship between the logarithmic fatigue life and the equivalent cyclic stress is linear,and the prediction results agree well with the test results.


Semiconductor devices using the spin of electrons have attracted much attention because of their expected applications in spintronics. The key to the spintronic's success is availability of suitable materials for device manufacturing. Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have been shown to be the best materials for such purpose. Usually, the Mn-doped III-V and II-VI compounds forming DMS have been in the center of attention. However, there is another interesting class of materials, namely the Si-based DMS. Among them, silicon implanted with Mn ions seems to be a promising combination. The implantation of Mn ions into a silicon matrix is a good way of exceeding the solubility limit of Mn in Si. Moreover, it has been already shown that the Mn-implanted Si samples can be ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature (TC) higher than 400 K [1]. On the other hand, the ferromagnetic properties were also reported for silicon samples implanted with nonmagnetic ions, e.g. Si. Therefore, it is important to find out the origin of the magnetic properties in this kind of materials. A direct way to check whether the magnetism is related with the Mn atom cores is to perform core level X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies, which allow to detect the local magnetic moments for the specific element what is not possible in the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements. The samples were prepared by Mn implantation into silicon wafers grown by Czochralski method (Cz-Si) or by floating zone method (Fz-Si). The energy of Mn ions was of 160 keV and a dose of 1×10 cm. The implanted samples were subsequently annealed at temperatures from 275°C to 1000°C under pressures of 1 bar or 11 kbar. The SQUID measurements showed that samples after low temperature annealing (up to 450°C) exhibited ferromagnetic properties [2]. The Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) measurements, as an element specific method, provides information about the local atomic structure around the chosen element, Mn in this case, and enables to monitor the results of the annealing. The EXAFS measurements at the Mn K-edge were carried out at Hasylab (A1 and E4 stations) using a seven element silicon fluorescence detector. The samples were cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature in order to minimize thermal disorder. The XMCD spectra at the Mn L3,2-edges were measured at MAX-lab (beamline I-1011). The measurements were carried out at room (RT ~300 K) and liquid nitrogen (LN ~100 K) temperatures under an applied magnetic field of 0.1 T, along the x-ray path. The total electron yield detection mode was used. Two angles of incidence were chosen as follows: grazing (20° to the sample surface) and normal (90° to the surface).


1. Geier MR, Geier DA. Hepatitis B vaccination safety. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:370-4. 2. Pope JE, Stevens A, Howson W, Bell DA. The development of rheumatoid arthritis after recombinant hepatitis B vaccination. J Rheumatol 1998;25:1687-93. 3. Grotto I, Mandel Y, Ephros M, Ashkenazi I, Shemer J. Major adverse reactions to yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccines — a review. Vaccine 1998; 16:329-34. 4. Singleton JA, Lloyd JC, Mootrey GT, Salive ME, Chen RT, the VAERS Working Group. An overview of the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) as a surveillance system. Vaccine 1999;17:2908-17.


Cognitive phenomenology starts from something that has been obscured in much recent analytic philosophy: the fact that lived conscious experience isn't just a matter of sensation or feeling, but is also cognitive in character, through and through. This is obviously true of ordinary human perceptual experience, and cognitive phenomenology is also concerned with something more exclusively cognitive, which we may call propositional meaning-experience, e.g. occurrent experience of linguistic representations as meaning something, as this occurs in thinking or reading or hearing others speak.


From a historical perspective, there are three dynaties in relation to the system of Islamic goverment. First, Ghaznawite dynasty, sttled down in Ghazna, that achived progress and advancement can be observed from such aspects as politics and science. Secondly, Buwaihite dynasty with its power that cover mostly Iran and Iraq. The significant advancement and progress occured when abbasite dynasty had weakened in Baghdad, and when Tughril Beik from Saljuq ruled South Tukey. Thirdly, Saljuq dynasty, which was established by Saljuq ibn Duqaq from Ghuzz. This dynasty ruled when they overthrown Buwaih dynasty that had ruled at that time. The advancement of Islam in this period occured when Nizam al-Mulk rule this dynasty. He established the University of Nizamiyyah, which became in turn a model for universities in the future.


This study aims to : (1) To determine the level of learning outcomes of IPS students by using learning model Type Jigsaw. (2) To improve the learning outcomes of IPS students of MTs Negeri 2 Rantau Prapat that learned using the learning model Type Jigsaw (3) To determine the percentage increase in learning outcomes of IPS students after using the learning model Type Jigsaw. This research is a Classroom Action Research. The subject of this research is class VII MTs Negeri 2 Rantau Prapat Labuhanbatu city as many as 27 students. And the object of research is Through learning model Type Jigsaw in improving student social studies learning outcomes at MTs Negeri 2 Rantau Prapat . Based on the results of the initial test of the Value of student learning outcomes in classical before the applied learning model Type Jigsawa was of 18.5% with the criteria is very low. The value of learning outcomes of IPS students in the classical style after the applied learning model Type Jigsaw in the first cycle of 70,37%, mean value obtained by the students have not yet reached the classical completeness that is equal to > 85%.. This means an increase in learning outcomes of IPS students from before the action kesiklus I of 51,85%, and from cycle I to cycle II by 22,22%. From this study resulted in the conclusion that the learning model Type Jigsaw can improve learning outcomes of students of class VII MTs Negeri 2 Rantau Prapat.


Because of the stage is limited,it is impossible to show all the various types and contents of competitive martial arts.Although there have been controversial opinions about this fact,competitive martial arts have developed for several decades with their own features.An important task for theoretical research of martial arts is to fully prove the necessity of the existence of competitive martial arts.Competitive martial arts are a part of martial arts.They can not be mixed up as one.The only way to develop the competitive martial arts is to revert and create their new types and contents.


A similarity solution is developed describing the propagation of a strong cylindrical shock in an applied azimuthal magnetic field. The stationary gas is nonconductive and the shocked gas is taken to have a finite electrical conductivity. The total axial current is maintained constant by external means. Upon comparison of flows for which the total gas energy is the same, it is found that the interaction reduces the shock velocity by only a few percent although the pressure distributions differ markedly.


General Objective Determine the risk factors in the persistence of cervical intraepithelial lesions of high and low risk associated with HPV infection ablactivo posttreatment. Methodology. Cases and controls, cases were 40 women with persistent cervical intraepithelial lesions ablactivo posttreatment. The controls 80 women with healing at 6 months after treatment were analyzed sociodemographic variables, reproductive, sexual, abuse, nutritional and associated comorbidity. The analysis was performed using odds ratios, confidence interval 95%, x2 test, Student t test. Results. The factors that showed statistically significant difference (p <0.05) were: Extension of the lesion greater than 2 cm2. (OR 8.53), presence of associated pathology. (OR 6.97), smoking associated with alcoholism (OR 5.40) Three or more sexual partners in the past three years. (O.R. 5.25), Obesity. (OR 4.58), Husband uncircumcised (OR 3.45), Home less sexually active at 17 years (OR 2.77), More than two periods (average) annual sexually transmitted infections in the last three years (OR 2.53 ), the pathology associated with the group of patients who continued the lesion were cervicovaginal infection and obesity. Conclusion. It is important to identify factors that may cause persistence of lesions to perform a more effective treatment European Scientific Journal August 2014 edition vol.10, No.24 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e ISSN 18577431 324


Autologous Stem for Therapeutic Background Autologous bone marrow was shown to contain endo- thelial progenitor cells which home to areas of ischemia and induce collateral formation by postnatal angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Subjects & Methods Feasibility and safety of autologous stem cell transplantation (SC-TX) for therapeutic angiogenesis was ex- amined in a non-randomized pilot study. Twelve patients with chronic critical limb ischemia (peripheral artery disease "PAD" Lafontaine grade III and IV) were treated by intra-arterial transplantation of non-selected (n = 8) or CD34 + -selected (n = 4) autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNC: 18–114 × 10 8 CD34 + the consist- of of and of was 9/12 chial (p 0.004) and was associated with skin surface temperature by thermography. was observed in 6/12 (50 %) cell transplantation by in- tra-arterial angiography. Mild edema of the treated limb was observed in 3/12 (25 %) patients after transplantation. No thromboembolic com- plication occurred with intra-arterial infusion of BM-MNC. transplantation of autologous BM-MNC is a feasible and save option to induce angiogenesis in III/IV. Larger randomized trials are required to evaluate the limb saving efficacy of SC-TX in critical limb ischemia. Background In dual AV nodal physiology the anterograde fast pathway is more sensitive than the slow pathway to the effects of adenosine. The purpose of the study was to test the value of adeno- sine as a bedside test for the diagnosis of dual AV nodal physiology in pts presenting with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Methods Adenosine was injected as bolus (incremental dosage 6–12–18 mg) during sinus rhythm at rest in order to unmask dual AV nodal physiology by a PR jump ≥ 50 ms on surface ECG (25 mm/s). The study population consisted of 57 pts (23 males, 34 females, age 50 ± 14 years) who presented with palpitations (n = 53, ECG-documented in 41 pts, rate 181 ± 25 beats/min) and/or syn-cope (n = 4, rate 204 ± 15). Results The drug was tolerated without any adverse events and SVT was induced in 4 pts. EPS and ablation was performed in 37 (65 %) pts. AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) was diagnosed in 33 (89 %) pts and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) in 4 (11 %) pts. Pts with AVNRT were older (age 50 ± 13 y) and had slower rates (186 ± 22 beats/min) than pts with AVRT (age 31 ± 10 y, 194 ± 21 beats/min). In the AVNRT group 27 pts demonstrated a significant PR jump (98 ± 33 ms), and only 6 subjects showed no relevant jump. Bolus-injection resulted in a significant PR jump after 6 mg (n = 15, 95 ± 38 ms) or 12 mg (n = 16, 83 ± 43 ms), but not after 18 mg (n = 2, 30 ± l4 ms). Provocation of temporary AV block I was associated with the longest increment of PR interval (n = 11, 106 ± 36 ms), and also during AV block II all PR jumps were indicative for dual AV nodal physiology (n = 10, 92 ± 25 ms). However, AV block III was less valuable due to jumps rang-ing from 0 to 160 ms (n = 10, 66 ± 48 ms). None of the 4 pts with AVRT demonstrated a PR jump ≥ 50 ms despite high grade AV block induced by 6 to 12 mg adenosine. Conclusion Adenosine bedside test is safe and useful for detection of dual AV nodal physiology related to AVNRT with a high sensi- tivity 82 % and specificity 100 %. The positive predictive value of 100 % might be helpful for patient education and set-up of EP pro- cedure. The data suggest that 6 to 12 mg of adenosine seem to be sufficient for selective blockade of the fast pathway, frequently re- sulting in AV block I on surface ECG. However, lack of PR jump after adenosine (negative predictive value = 40 %) leaves the diagnosis open to EPS, especially in young subjects with a high likelihood for AVRT or enhanced AV nodal conductivity resistant to adenosine. verblieben dabei asym- ptomatisch. Nach durchgeführter PV-Intervention (Dilatation/Sten-ting) zeigt sich ein günstiger klinischer Verlauf trotz des Auftretens von signifikanten PV-Restenosen bei 2 Pat. Das optimale Management für Diagnose und Therapie bei Pat. mit PV-Stenose erscheint jedoch nach wie vor ungeklärt. Ein routinemäßiges nichtinvasives Screening verhindert Fehldiagnosen. Background Previous studies have shown, that elevated N-termi- nal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide levels (Nt-proANP) have a strong association with mortality and morbidity in unstable angina. It could have also been shown, that this association is independent of other known risk factors like elevated troponin T, ST-segment de- pression, diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Nt-proANP levels indepen- dently of troponin I concentrations (TnI) or high sensitive C-reac-tive protein levels (hsCRP) predict future cardiac events and whether the combination of these variables improves risk stratification of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI). Patients and Methods Plasma levels of the Nt-proANP, TnI and hsCRP levels were determined in 120 consecutive patients with typical chest pain due to UA/NSTEMI and normal left ventricular function. The patients were categorized into four groups based on the number of elevated biochemical markers at admission. Results Nt-proANP levels showed no significant correlation with the patients TnI (r = 0.2; p = 0.64) or hsCRP levels (r = 0.18; p = 0.4). Elevations in Nt-proANP, Results 12 patients developed wall motion disturbances in peak dose images (ischemia group), whereas 49 patients had no difference in regional wall motion pattern compared to baseline images (control group). There were no significant differences at baseline between the two groups with regard to median levels of Nt-proBNP (ischemia group: 346 ng/l, control group: 635 ng/l; p = 0.4) as well as mean values of heart rate, left atrial diameter, left ventricular end- diastolic diameter ( LV EDD) and interventricular septum-thickness (p = 0.49; p = 0.51; p = 0.54 and p = 0.51; respectively). Patients in the control group had increased systolic function and decreased LVEDD during stress. Similarly, reduced LVEDD and increased systolic function in the myocardium not affected by ischemia could be demonstrated in patients within the ischemia group. There was no significant difference in median changes of Nt-proBNP levels between the two groups during peak heart rate or during the subse- quent 1 and 24 hours (ischemia group: 4.1 ng/l; 2.6 ng/l and –5.9 ng/l, control group: 3.5 ng/l, 8.2 ng/l and 9.5 ng/l, p = 0.55; p = 0.53 and p = 0.63; respectively) despite similar increases in heart rate (ischemia group 55 and control group 59, p = 0.51). Accordingly, receiver-operating characteristic curve revealed no predictive power of Nt-proBNP levels or changes in Nt-proBNP levels in dis- criminating patients with myocardial ischemia from those without. Conclusion Our results suggest, that wall motion disturbances caused by catecholamine-induced temporary myocardial ischemia do not influence Nt-proBNP levels in the absence of increase in LVEDD. Um die Bedeutung natriuretischer Peptide als Prädiktoren des symptomfreien Überlebens und des postoperativen Ergebnisses bei schwerer Aortenstenose (AS) zu untersuchen, wurden BNP (B-Typ natriuretisches Peptid) und NtBNP (N-terminales B-Typ natriuretisches Peptid) bei 130 Pat. mit schwerer AS (71 ± 11 Jahre, mittlerer Gradient 64 ± 21 mmHg, Klappenöffnungsfläche 0,64 ± 0,15 cm 2 ) bestimmt, und die Pat. über 377 ± 150 Tage weiterverfolgt. Die Plasmaspiegel von BNP und NtBNP nahmen mit steigender NYHA-Klasse und fallender Auswurffraktion (EF) zu. Asympto- matische Pat., die im Beobachtungszeitraum Beschwerden entwickelten, hatten signifikant höhere BNP- und NtBNP-Ausgangswerte als jene Pat., die symptomfrei blieben (Median [interquartile range] für NtBNP vs. 31 pmol/l, p < 0,001). Das sym- ptomfreie Überleben nach 3, 6, 9 und 12 Monaten von Pat. mit einem NtBNP < 80 pmol/l war 100 %, 88 ± 7 %, 88 ± 7 % und 69 ± 13 % im Vergleich zu nur 92 ± 8 Background Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) often origi- nates from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), but foci deep to the endocardium, in the epicardium, or in the left ventricle are not uncommon. Although these extra-RVOT foci can be targeted with ablation, risks involved are higher and success rates lower. Simple ECG criteria allowing 1) discrimination of RVOT foci from extra-RVOT foci and 2) assessment of chance of success of a right heart ablation procedure are desirable. Methods and Results Twenty-five consecutive patients referred for RF ablation of idiopathic VT or severely symptomatic idiopathic ventricular premature contractions were included. Localisation of VT origin and success rates of VT ablation in the RVOT were ana- Purpose The primary purpose of the study was to determine for the first time the current cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) situ-ation in Austrian hospitals and, secondary, to allow the Austrian Re- suscitation Council to provide specific quality-improvement tools for our hospitals. Material and Methods A prospective e-mail query to in-hospital quality managers or medical directors of all Austrian Hospitals (n = 277) was performed. The study was unsponsored Purpose Recent data suggest that frequent dual chamber pacing in standard ICD patients (pts) may be detrimental in terms of clinical outcome. The purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship between frequency of atrial (A) and ventricular (V) pacing and incidence of spontaneous atrial (AT) and/or ventricular tachyar-rhythmias (VT) in a representative ICD cohort. Methods Pts with primary and secondary ICD indications were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study. Dual chamber ICDs were implanted and programmed depending on the pts needs. The incidence of spontaneous AT and VT and the percentage of A and V stimulation were evaluated based on storage function and electro-grams of the device over 6 months follow up. Results The study compri


Environmental vibration induced by high-speed trains is a hot issue in the railway traffic engineering.In this paper,four fundamental methods developed for analyzing this problem,i.e.analytical wavenumber-frequency domain approach,numerical approach,and experimental and empirical approach,are introduced.The relevant literatures during the past decade are separated into these three categories and reviewed accordingly.The problems are presented for further investigation in the future.


This paper analyzes the trade structure changes of Sino-US and Sino-EU after the establishment of EU-US Free Trade Area using GTAP model.The results conclude that US and EU exports to China will be more products with high technology and high value-added,which will limit China's ability of independent innovation and cause dependence on technology.In addition,US and EU imports from China will be still mainly labor-intensive products which are characterized by high consumption,low added value,even ponuted.At the same time,it will have a big impact on some of China's traditional advantage export industry,which is not conducive to the national employment.Therefore,China must take the path of technological innovation and improve the technical content of domestic products,tt must go the way of environmental protection and promote the sustainable development of domestic economy.It can take the initiative to promote economic cooperation with the US and EU.


The twentieth century was indeed dominated by many surges in progressive science, productive technology, and the soaring heights of the creative and artful human imagination. But it was also desecrated by waves of incalculable conflict, and painfully challenged by an almost unimaginable human carnage. By the dawn of the twenty-first century, many had made bold to suggest that the twentieth century could be termed the "American Century." America as a whole could never have actually made such a claim, for there were millions of Americans who would have refused to do so, because of what they had to endure in America itself. What then could we actually claim about the last century? What did it portend? What did it produce? What did it bequeath? The wisdom of my Afro-Caribbean elders has always reminded me that there are three things that come not back: the spoken word, the sped arrow, and the lost opportunity. My preliminary question is simply this: Is this twenty-first century emerging as a century of lost opportunities, as far as the world of ebony grace is concerned? "Ebony grace" is my special term for God's loving and lovely gift of Blackness.I propose to reflect on Blackness in global terms, even though our contextual and historical realities might tend to be mainly localized. I happen to conceptualize Blackness along a two-dimensional continuum. There is parental Blackness, and there is prophetic Blackness. Parental Blackness is unconditional and essentially ontological. It is what it is, regardless of who says or thinks otherwise. All Black people know that there are only two things they have to do in this life-one: they have to stay Black, and two: they have to dief Prophetic Blackness is the fertile and dynamic convergence and integration of Black personhood, Black experiences, and unrelenting Black active hope for a better existence. Prophetic Blackness activates parental Blackness in calling forth, and radically responding to, a divinely inspired and wholly disruptive alternative future. It consists mainly in a radical and progressive resistance to the negation of Blackness. To put it yet another way, it means saying and living out the "No" to the "No, No" encountered in the Black experience.Accordingly, I have chosen to entitle this presentation "The Legacy of Black Prophetic Moments: Dynastic Monuments versus Dynamic Movements." This keynote address is given on the anniversary commemoration of the passing of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4th, 1968, and within the year of observance of the fiftieth anniversary of the March on Washington in 1963. It seemed good for me to offer some reflections on the global century, in which the King Event shared in a symphony of Black prophetic moments that both pre-dated, and post-dated, Dr. King. For when we make bold to place King in a global milieu, in a context that is neither dominated nor controlled by anyone in particular, we may yet derive some invaluable and beneficial insights. These benefits might far transcend any hegemonic, or particularized, patterns of cultural ownership, or dynastic exclusivity, or even ideological prejudices. My continuing attitude has been to speak of Dr. King in prophetic terms, mainly because of four distinguishing characteristics that were evident in his unique biography. These were: his moral courage, his passion for justice, his personal sacrifice, and the manner of his death. My purpose here is not to focus so much on King, or on four other historical icons of the last century, to whom I shall later draw your attention, but to locate all of them in a century of prophetic moments, as the basis for my concluding questions and observations. Two conceptual issues require our immediate attention, however, and they revolve around my use of the term "prophetic moments." One has to do with the notion of the "prophetic," while the other deals with concepts of "time" and "timeliness."My use of the term "prophetic" will perhaps conjure up notions of the classical Hebrew prophets with whom we are familiar in the Holy Scriptures. …


In the textbook on the implementation of practical work on PM.04 "Performance of work on one or more professions of workers, positions of employees of the MDK.04.01 — Performance of work in the profession of a worker: tractor driver-machinist of agricultural production" the methods and technologies of performing work in crop production during the cultivation of agricultural crops, the general arrangement of machines and aggregates are considered. The agrotechnical requirements for the performance of mechanized work in crop production, information on the preparation of machines for work and the adjustment of their working bodies to the specified working conditions, the rules of operation of machines and aggregates that ensure their most effective use in agricultural production, as well as methods of quality control of the operations performed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students of secondary vocational educational organizations in the specialty 35.02.16 "Operation and repair of agricultural machinery and equipment", as well as in other technical specialties of secondary vocational education.


This paper analyzes on the advantages and attitude of library's serving the social and economic development, and probes into some concrete measures for the library's serving the social and economic development.


ABSTRACT It has been a hundred years since the tragic loss of Freud's daughter, Sophie Halberstadt-Freud, to the Spanish flu shortly after the end of World War One. In this essay, delivered as the 47th Annual Vienna Freud Museum lecture, Jacqueline Rose argues that Freud's historic moment – of grief, pandemic and war – had an even more decisive impact on his thinking than has previously been recognised. Freud's writings on the death drive collide with, and are fuelled by, an increasingly urgent engagement with our innermost psychic and biological relationship to the past and, at the same time, with the cruelty and injustice of the world. Today, as we confront the darkness of the hour, psychoanalysis has never been more urgently needed. What can we still learn from Freud about how to live and how to die in our own troubled times?


The concept of cognitive passwords is introduced, and their use as a method to overcome the dilemma of passwords that are either difficult to remember or easily guessed is suggested. Cognitive passwords are based on personal facts, interests, and opinions that are likely to be easily recalled by a user. A brief dialogue between a user and a system, where a user provides a system with exact answers to a rotating set of questions, is suggested to replace the traditional authentication method using a single password. The findings of an empirical investigation focusing on memorability and ease-of-guessing of cognitive passwords, are reported. They demonstrate that cognitive passwords are easier to recall than conventional passwords, while being difficult for others, even those close to the users, to guess.<<ETX>>


This research studied the influence of isolation transformer leakage inductance on the output current of Class D series-parallel LCC-type resonant converters for light-emitting diode lighting applications. Through theoretical analysis and simulation of the resonant tank impedance over a wide operation frequency range, an impedance peak was discovered at light load condition, with the peak value increasing with decreases in output load. This impedance peak will cause double-peak voltage and current gain of the resonant tank; moreover, the peak of the gain curve, which is introduced by leakage inductance of the isolation transformer, is located at the designed inductive operation region. These characteristics bring challenges to realising a wide operational range and designing short-circuit protection. To minimise these influences, the leakage inductance value should be controlled by a winding method, and the operational frequency range should be well designed.


Banks are the only financial institutions that are trusted by the people who play a role in the economy, so that in their activities there are elements of stakeholders who commit acts against the law in the banking world. This study aims to analyze crimes committed by internal bank employees and reveal legal liability to the bank if there are crimes committed by internal elements or bank employees. This study uses normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained through recording and documentation techniques, then the data processed and analyzed will be processed and analyzed using a systematic legal material processing method. The results of the study stated that in banking there are two types of violations, namely banking crimes and crimes in banking. In relation to crimes in the banking sector, Law no. 7/1992 as amended by Law No.10/1998 on banking. Accountability cannot be borne by the bank as a corporation, but this burden is imposed or carried out by way of the debtor to individuals who commit crimes in the banking sector.


We introduce a simple dynamical model of two interacting communities whose elements are subject to stochastic discrete-time updates governed by only bilinear interactions. When the intra- and inter-couplings are cooperative, the two communities reach asymptotically an equilibrium state. However, when the intra- or inter-couplings are anti-cooperative, the system may remain in perpetual oscillations and, when the coupling values belong to certain intervals, two possible scenarios arise, characterized either by erratic aperiodic trajectories and high sensitiveness to small changes of the couplings, or by chaotic trajectories and bifurcation cascades. Quite interestingly, we find out that even a moderate consensus in one single community can remove the chaos. Connections of the model with interacting stock markets are discussed.


LEITE, Bruno Marangoni dos Santos. Vulnerability analysis in health information system: potential source of irregularities and corruption? 2020. 95 p. Dissertation (Master of Science) – School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been widely applied in several areas, both to optimize processes and to make them more consistent in terms of data and traceability in order to avoid fraudulent acts. The recent corruption scandals in Brazil have revealed alarming levels of corruption in all spheres of government activity, including the health sector. However, many authors argue that corruption is endemic and permeates all agents behaviors. The World Health Organization (WHO), in its good practices guide, refers to information technology as an instrument capable of reducing corruption in the health sector. This study seeks to analyze ICT potential to fight corruption in the health sector by investigating the distribution process of medicines for HIV/AIDS which is electronically controlled through the SICLOM system. In this investigation, open public data available on the internet are used to check the system's vulnerabilities or its effectiveness as a tool to combat corruption, since attempts to obtain information through the government transparency channel were frustrated in a timely manner for the execution of this study. In order to detect the existence of possible vulnerabilities, the misuse case technique in the SICLOM system will be used together with interviews conducted at the Medicines Distribution Units (Unidade de Distribuição de Medicamentos UDM). With the obtained results, it is expected to bring inputs for improvements in the SICLOM system and incentives for new studies of ICT and transparency on public sector.


Abstract
This study examined the impact of resonance expressed by the positive emotional attractor (PEA) and dissonance represented by the negative emotional attractor (NEA) created by medical students during diagnostic encounters with standardized patients (SPs) (laypeople) from the clinical skills exam (CSE). Secondary data were collected from 116 videotaped CSE encounters between SPs and medical students. Associations among the PEA and NEA states, and medical student effectiveness measured by SP, faculty, and differential diagnosis scores using moderated multiple regression analysis were determined. Results suggest that the PEA and NEA are powerful conditions for determining medical student effectiveness in clinical encounters.


This article is an attempt to conceptualise the possibility of two coexisting language learning motivational subsystems for an existing L2 (or L2s) and an L3 currently being learnt, which gives rise to a complex dynamic dual-motivational system. As is generally accepted, an L2 in second language acquisition is defined as any language learned in addition to a person's first language, which can be the second, third or any other subsequent language. Partly because of this, there appeared to be an assumption that L2 motivation, in general, could be applied to all these "L2s". In more recent studies, however, it was pointed out that L3 learning may sometimes have an adverse influence on one's lexical activation, L2 identity, or general L2 motivation. In particular, L2 and L3 motivations have been conceptualised as two quite distinct yet related systems. Against this backdrop, this article argues that L2 and L3 (with any subsequent languages) deserve discrete statuses, as do the motivations of learning them. It then follows that there exists a dual-motivation system for multilinguals. From a Complexity Dynamic Systems Theory perspective, this paper presents an up-to-date review of the mutual influences between languages among multilingual learners, discusses the similarities and differences between L2 and L3 motivational systems, and, most interestingly, explores the interaction between the two types of additional language learning motivation among multilinguals. This article ends with a close look into how the notion of a dual-motivation system could shed light on L2 and L3 pedagogies. It suggests how teachers could maintain existing learning motivation when another language is introduced to one's linguistic repertoire and avoid detrimental effects that might thus be caused.


I ~ C W Icsions a t the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, hlinn., because of the length of tirnc the condition of soine of these patients has been fol1o~etl . It was hoped that studying this group of pitierits might evince a pattern that would ))(I tiest ripti\ e for this disease, p;ii ticularly in respect to the relationship bet ween the disease and the eventual development of multiple 1n\ ~ ~ l l l m ~ l . f hat colitary extramedullary niyelorna is an uni1~i1;11 tumor was pointed out by Jacger,l3 whG) found that only 0.5% of malignant tu11101\ ol' the upper air pcissagcs and oral cavity rccortlcd at the Riintgeninstitut der Universit i c Zurich, Switzerland, were plasmacytomas. l-Ion.cver, D o h and Dewafl pointed out that i n 40111e series of patients thcse iuinorS may Iiai e lwen confused with lymphosarconias. Of the 161 reported cases of extramedullary plasmat\ ioma, excluding Icsiom of tlie cotijunctir.'i. thilt thcy reviewed, 78.1'7/;, of [he tumors occuired in the upper air passages and oial t a t i n . . -


Spotted bollworm, Earias vittella Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a serious insect pest of cotton that reduces crop yield and deteriorates lint quality. Field experiments were conducted at the Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan for two consecutive years (2009 and 2010) to estimate economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold level (ETL). For economic analyses, gain threshold (GT) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) were assessed by spraying cypermethrin, deltamethrin and spinosad at four thresholds levels (0, 3, 5 and 7% damage) and compared with unsprayed treatment (control) for a long and a short duration cotton genotype. The numbers of damaged fruits were almost similar while larval populations and the numbers of healthy fruits were different between the two genotypes. Insecticides applications at selected percent damage levels kept E. vittella larval infestation and bolls damage well below from the total fruit losses of 60-74% in unsprayed treatment. Increase in percent damage levels decreased the cost of protection (CP) and the net monetary profit (NMP). ETL for long duration genotype (CIM-496) is suggested at 5% damage level with a larval population of 1.12-1.22 larvae per 25 plants (GT basis) and 4.5 larvae per 25 plants (BCR basis). For short duration genotype (CIM-506), ETL at 3% damage level with larval population of 1.4-1.33 larvae per 25 plants and 3.3 to 3.9 larvae per 25 plants on GT and BCR basis, respectively is recommended. Timely application of insecticides at ETLs is suggested as economical mean for an effective control of E. vittella on cotton crop.


Emergency referrals represent nearly 50% of general surgical practice. The acute abdomen makes up the bulk of these emergency referrals. As in all branches of medicine a number of seemingly straightforward questions need to be answered.


The invention discloses a design method for realizing a virtual coupled space based on active control. The virtual coupled space system designed by using the method can, in a common rectangular space, realize sound field distribution in a certain target coupled space. The method can realize sound field in the coupled space at small cost, and achieves good effect.


A model is presented for finding the most effective location of Access Points to create a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). WLANs have a number of advantages over traditional wired Local Area Networks, including enabling user mobility and having reduced wiring costs. Wireless Local Area Network deployment also brings with it a different set of decisions than faced when implementing wired Local Area Networks. With wired Local Area Networks, the topology, or geographic layout of links between terminals and concentrators, is a critical design issue. Wireless Local Area Networks, not having physical links between user devices and access points, must consider the coverage area of the radio signals used and ensure that all users are able to communicate with an access point from the locations that are identified as their coverage area. Computational experiments that evaluate a number of factors affecting feasibility and performance of Wireless Local Area Networks are conducted.


Direct indexing provides an alternative to index fund vehicles that offers more choice, greater flexibility, and tax advantages well beyond the scope of commingled investments. By directly holding index constituents, investors can achieve greater flexibility through environment, social, and governance (ESG) screens to filter the investable universe and generate tax advantages through tax-loss harvesting. These advantages are available in both equities and fixed income. However, fixed income offers additional dimensions of personalization such as duration and tax optimization between taxable and tax-free securities. Bond ladders are an effective way to track the overall bond market because of their unique reinvestment structure, and those reinvestments can be optimized by rules-based allocation decisions.


Across three experiments (total N = 1,149), we examine whether bisexual men (more so than women) are viewed as similar to their same-gender gay counterparts and whether bisexual women (more so than men) are viewed as similar to their same-gender heterosexual counterparts. We find support for the notion that bisexual men are stereotyped as more similar to their gay counterparts than bisexual women are. These perceptions of bisexual targets' stereotypical similarity to their gay counterparts were linked to identity-denying perceptions that bisexual individuals are "actually gay," a belief held more strongly about bisexual men (vs. women). Bisexual men and women were viewed as possessing stereotypically heterosexual characteristics to similar extents, although bisexual women (vs. men) were indeed more strongly characterized by the identity-denying belief that they are "actually heterosexual." Collectively, these findings suggest that bisexual men and women encounter different challenges to their identities that may require different interventions.


OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A(HA)and hepatitis E(HE)on network direct report in Guilin from 2003 to 2011,to provide the bases for prevention and control of HA and HE.METHODS Collected the information of HA and HE situation on network direct report in Guilin from 2003 to 2011,established database with Excel 2003 and analyzed by SPSS 18.0.RESULTS 2 145 cases of HA were reported in Guilin from 2003 to 2011,with year average incidence 4.82/0.1 million,average annual rate declined 10.06%;while 699 cases of HE were reported with year average incidence 1.57/0.1 million,average annual rate rose 21.27%.Concentration ratio analysis in both HA and HE had no significant seasonal distribution.Incidence of HA in counties was higher than in cities,but HE was contrary.Both HA and HE disease were increased with age,and males with higher incidence than females.Occupational distribution of HA were mainly farmers,workers and students,while HE were mainly farmers,retirees and workers.CONCLUSION Need strengthen HA prevention and control for young adults in rural areas and strengthen prevention and control of HE,to control the continued rising of HE.


Transportation plays a vital role in the development of any nation. The density of motor vehicles especially passenger cars and other commercial vehicles is increasing day by day. The vehicle experts may not be available particularly on long express highways in the vicinity of unidentified location where car failure takes place. The purpose of the study is therefore, to identify the root causes which help in car failure diagnosis and evolve a user information system. Eight major causes, forty four sub causes and 142 sub-sub causes have been identified. A cause and effect diagram has been developed through a process of iterative-interactive consensus driven methodology, as advocated by second generation system design paradigm. A user information system was developed which provide support to the car owners, drivers and inexperienced mechanical engineers in case of non-availability of the experts. The system has been tested and gave promising results.


The traditional variable refrigerant flow(VRF) air-conditioning system has the following disadvantages: the performance deteriorates and the efficiency falls when the outdoor temperature decreases and the system size increases.And in order to solve these problems,this paper proposed a water loop variable refrigerant flow air-conditioning system,whose principle and characteristic were stated.Choosing an office building located respectively in Beijing,Shenyang and Jinan as the samples,the performance and energy consumption were calculated.The results suggest that the new system caters high rise building in North China well,and show stable operation and high efficiency,because in the whole heating season the system serves 2.85~3.11W heat energy and 1.11~1.62W cold energy,consuming 1 J electric power.


This paper introduces a new anytime algorithm for Weighted MaxSAT consisting of two main algorithmic components. First, we propose a new efficient polarity selection heuristic and an enhancement to the variable decision heuristic for SAT-based anytime Weighted MaxSAT solving (and, more generally, for solving any optimization problem with a SAT-based anytime algorithm). Second, we enhance an existing Bit-vector Optimization-based algorithm for solving Unweighted MaxSAT and generalize it to Weighted MaxSAT. Our resulting Weighted MaxSAT solver outscores the state-of-the-art solvers in the settings of both the 60-second and 300-second weighted incomplete tracks of MaxSAT Evaluation 2018. In addition, we describe a new application of incremental anytime Weighted MaxSAT solving: placement at the physical design stage of Computer-aided Design (CAD).


This paper discusses the seismic behavior of biaxial hollow reinforced concrete (RC) slab to concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) column connections. Seven scaled specimens were tested under cyclic loading, where the axial compressive load applied on CFST column was selected as the parameter. Both exterior and interior joints were investigated. Two types of failure modes, i.e., beam failure and column failure, were observed. For specimens with beam failure, the failures are mainly caused by the fracture of top steel beam flange. For specimens with column failure, the failures are primarily triggered by the buckling of tube wall. The proposed composite slim floor system inherently meets the principle of strong joint-weak member. The ultimate story drift of all specimens is 2.2-2.8 times of plastic drift ratio specified in codes, and the equivalent damping coefficient at peak loads ranges from 0.12 to 0.19, indicating the proposed composite slim floor system has a good seismic performance. Received: Revised: Accepted: 7 November 2019 18 May 2020 30 May 2020 K E Y W O R D S Hollow core slab; Concrete filled steel tube (CFST); Connection; Seismic behavior; Copyright © 2020 by The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction. All rights reserved.


Since the days of Wellhausen, pentateuchal scholarship has essentially agreed that Gen 1 and Gen 2 are from two distinct sources. Furthermore, they agree that Gen 1 was added in front of Gen 2 at a relatively late period during the pentateuch's compositional history. Moving beyond these agreements, this thesis asks why Gen 1, and its cultural memory of creation, was added in front of Gen 2? In other words, what motivated a later group to come along and add Gen 1? To address this question, this thesis approaches Gen 1 methodologically as a cultural memory. A cultural memory is an authoritative representation of the past that is formed by the needs, concerns, and hopes of a particular group and also formative in constructing that group's collective identity. But as a memory, it is interpreted as much as it is recalled through the context of the present. That is, the present circumstances, hopes, concerns, needs of the group shape and colour the way the past is remembered and therefore, the way the past is described. As such, this thesis argues that Gen 1 was intentionally added in order to primarily elevate the Sabbath to a position and status equal to the Temple/Tabernacle. In mnemonic terms, then, Gen 1 is a countermemory that resulted in a shift away from sacred space toward sacred time. A mnemonic shift from the sanctuary in Jerusalem to a sanctuary in time. With this countermemory and its resulting mnemonic shift from space (i.e. Temple) to time (i.e. Sabbath), exilic Israelites were provided with a much needed legitimization for Sabbath practice in a foreign land without their temple. The Holiness Group (H), not the Priestly Group (P), was much more motivated to shift the focus from sacred space to sacred time; and therefore, are the likeliest group to have added Gen 1 to the beginning of the Pentateuch.


River channels commonly exhibit downstream variations in channel width, which can lead to the development of alternating shallow and deep areas known as riffle‐pool sequences. The response of these channels to variations in sediment supply remains largely unexplored. Here we investigate the morphodynamic response of a variable‐width channel to changes in sediment supply through laboratory experiments conducted in a straight flume in which we imposed sinusoidal variations in width. We first developed equilibrium conditions under a constant sediment supply and then eliminated the sediment feed to create a degraded, armored bed. This sediment‐starved bed was subjected to two types of sediment supply increases: a return to the initial constant supply, and the introduction of a well‐sorted sediment pulse (analogous to gravel augmentation). Riffles and pools formed in wide and narrow areas, respectively, and the location of and relief between riffles and pools remained the same throughout all experimental runs, regardless of the sediment supply. The primary channel response to changes in supply was adjustment of the overall slope. The sediment pulse evolved primarily through dispersion rather than translation, which contrasts with prior gravel augmentation experiments conducted in constant‐width channels and suggests that width variation and resulting riffle‐pool topography enhances pulse dispersion. Our results indicate that width variation is a primary control on the location and relief of riffles and pools in straight channels, and sediment supply changes are unlikely to affect riffle‐pool morphology when bank geometry is fixed and water discharge is steady.


The present disclosure relates to a washing machine for washing laundry. According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the washing machine may use a novel horizontal vibration method of washing laundry and the like instead of a rotation method. The washing machine may include a moving magnet (20) connected to the washing tub (10) causing the washing tub (10) to move horizontally. The moving magnet (20) may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.


An object is to provide a low-power semiconductor device which does not require a latch circuit to hold data at the output of inverter circuits. In the semiconductor device, an input of a first inverter circuit is connected to an input terminal through a source and a drain of a first transistor. An input of a second inverter circuit is connected to an output of the first inverter circuit through a source and a drain of a second transistor. An output of the second inverter is connected to an output terminal. An inverted clock signal and a clock signal are input to gates of the first transistor and the second transistor, respectively. The first and the second transistor have extremely low off-current, which allows the output potential of the device to remain unchanged even when the input varies.


Soil-like material ("SLM") was mined from an old municipal solid waste (MSW) dumpsite located in New Delhi to assess its potential reuse as construction material in earthwork projects. The process consisted of excavating 10-25 years old MSW, drying it and segregating it into different particle sizes through screens. The contamination levels of SLM (< 4.75 mm) were analyzed on the basis of organic content, total soluble solids, release of dark colored leachate and heavy metals. Local soil was considered as the reference material for obtaining the background level of all the contaminants. In the SLM, organic content was found to be 4.0-8.8% whereas in the local soil it was found to be 1.0-1.2%. Total soluble solids were found to be in the range of 0.8 to 1.5% almost four times higher than 0.2-0.4% in the local soil. The intensity of color in the water extract from SLM was observed to be 380-400 Hazen while in the water extract of local soil it was found to be 25-30 Hazen highlighting the potential for release of colored leachate from SLM. Heavy metals including chromium, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead were found to be elevated with reference to the local soil. Though SLM from aged landfills appears to be an attractive option for filling low lying areas and for constructing embankments, however, presence of contaminants indicate that use of SLM requires suitable pre-treatment measures or design measures to prevent their release to the local ecosystem.