The role of eight transformed ginsenosides (TG) against MDV-RB1B and inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line 7402 cells and rat glioma cell line C_6 cells by plaque reduction assay in vitro were investigated. The DNA damage was determined by microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the infection and reproduction of MDV in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) could be blocked or inhibited by TG-6 and TG-7, MDV could also be inactivated directly by TG-6 and TG-7. The plaques of MDV in CEF were reduced up to 80% compared to those of ACV group. The inactivating role of TG-4 and TG-6 to MDV-RB1B cells was equal to that of ACV group. 60% apoptosis cells for hepatocellular carcinoma cell line 7402 cells were found when the cells were exposed to TG-8 for 48 h and induction of apoptosis was also found in rat glioma cell line C_6 cells.


Phytoremediation of soil heavy metals is generally considered as a clean and economical method of bioremediation.In this study,a pot experiment was used to investigate growth responses and Cd accumulation of Crassocephalum crepidioides,under treatments of Cd concentration gradient at 0~180 mg.kg-1.With the increasing of Cd-spiked level,main root length,plant height,chlorophyll content and rootshoot biomass of C.crepidioides decreased,and compared to the control treatment,main root length,plant height and root shoot biomass decreased significantly.When the Cd-spiked level increased,Cd concentration in the root and shoot of C.crepidioides increased remarkably,while the total amount of Cd accumulation in the root and shoot at first increased and then decreased,but still much higher than the control.In the shoot of C.crepidioides,Cd concentration was highest(1 288.12 mg.kg-1)at the Cd-spiked level of 180 mg.kg-1,and Cd accumulation reached the biggest amoun(t4.28 mg.pot-1)when Cd was spiked at 60 mg.kg-1.C.crepidioides could grow normally without visible symptoms of Cd toxicity under treatments of Cd-spiked concentrations ≤90 mg.kg-1.The bioconcentration factor and translocation factor in the shoot were 3.48~21.71 and 1.12~2.31,respectively.These results indicated that C.crepidioides showed strong capability in tolerance,accumulation and transport of Cd,and it could be used for Cd-phytoremediation.


The article attempts to formulate the complete definition of corporate security. Dis-cusses the problems of civil law regulation securities. This article examines a number of is-sues of corporate law.


PURPOSE
To study Cherenkov light emission in plastic scintillation detectors (PSDs) from a theoretical point of view to identify situations that may arise where the calibration coefficient obtained in one condition is not applicable to another condition. By identifying problematic situations, we hope to provide guidance on how to confidently use PSDs.

METHODS
Cherenkov light emission in PSD was modelled using basic physical principles. In particular, changes in refractive index as a function of wavelength were accounted for using the Sellmeier empirical equation. Both electron and photon beams were considered. For photons, realistic distributions of secondary charged particles were calculated using Klein-Nishina's formula. Cherenkov production and collection in PSDs were studied for a range of parameters including beam energy, charged particle momentum distribution, detector orientation and material composition. Finally, experimental validation was made using a commercial plastic scintillation detector.

RESULTS
In specific situations, results show that the Cherenkov spectrum coupled in the PSD can deviate from its expected behaviour (i.e. one over the square of the wavelength). In these cases were the model is realistic it is possible to see a peak wavelength instead of a monotonically decreasing function. Consequences of this phenomenon are negligible when the momentum of charged particle is distributed randomly, but in some clinically relevant cases, such as an electron beam at depth close to R50 or for photon beams with minimal scatter component, the value of the calibration coefficient can be altered. Experimental tests with electron beams showed changes in the Cherenkov light ratio, the parameter used in the calibration of PSDs, up to 2-3% depending on the PSD orientation.

CONCLUSION
This work is the first providing a physical explanation for apparent change in PSD calibration coefficient. With this new information at hand, it will be possible to better guide the clinical use of PSDs.


The fluorescently-labeled Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) assay based on amplified ribosomal DNA from bacteria is an inexpensive, widely accessible, effective and well established molecular technique for the identification and comparative quantification of bacterial species in metagenomics. In order to facilitate the detection of a large proportion of species in a given sample, it is necessary to maximize the recovery of the fluorescently labeled, restriction enzyme-digested PCR fragments generated during the process. The post-digestion purification method used to facilitate fragment separation is a critical step in the retention of DNA fragments. Four methods for post-digestion purification were tested in an effort to characterize their integrity, effectiveness, ease of use and potential biases: solid phase reversible immobilization (AMPure™ and CleanSEQ™), contaminant capture (BigDye® XTerminator™), and dialysis (Millipore™ Nitrocellulose Membranes). Samples were collected from four different oral sites in each of 16 patients. Each sample was divided equally and the DNA was isolated with two distinct methods. PCR reactions were carried out with two paired universal primers for the 16S gene that were labeled with VIC and FAM, purified with AMPure™ and digested separately with HhaI and MspI restriction enzymes. From each of the digestions, identical aliquots were purified with the four different methods. The DNA fragments were analyzed on the Applied BioSystems™ 3730 DNA Analyzer using identical conditions, followed by data analysis with GeneMapper® v4.0. Based on preliminary data analysis, CleanSEQ™ is the superior purification method because it resulted in the most numerous peaks recovered per sample with a wide distribution of sizes from approximately 50 to 1200bp.


A method of automatically classifying fingerprints into three groups, whorl, loop, and arch is described. It can help medical scientists to study the relationship between fingerprint patterns and medical disorders, such as breast cancer. In the research, a frequency domain approach that uses the feature of Fourier spectrum was developed; that is, prominent peaks in the spectrum give the principal direction of fingerprint patterns. Using the above feature, the authors obtain the principal direction of every subregion. The pattern of the whole image then can be determined. The frequency domain approach allows one to classify whorl faster and is less sensitive to the quality of fingerprint image, but it does not easily allow for the classification of arch and loop when triradii areas are too small.<<ETX>>


Khadi is very closely associated with India's freedom movement and it's a matter of pride for every Indian. Khadi was intended to turn into a valuable industry to horticulture, a vital component in a self-continuing economy. It significantly bolsters the rustic craftsmen to gain their job; in this way fortifying the country's economy. It is likewise an image of India's solidarity. Humankind and love for swaraj. It additionally implies the decentralization of creation and conveyance of the fundamental items of life. To Ghandhiji, Khadi and town ventures are the indispensable instruments, not simply for achieving political opportunity yet additionally for accomplishing monetary liberation. Ghandhiji assumes the praise of being the pioneer fashioner and brand envoy of the Indian country for khadi clothing. What was prompted by him, has now formed into an inferno, spreading quickly; and all-inclusive.


Degenerative-dystrophic diseases in middle-aged women are a common pathology of the spine, which is caused by a sedentary lifestyle, insufficient attention to the problem of spinal health and signs of the disease at an early stage of its development. Purpose: to determine the features of improving the vital functions of middle-aged women with degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the lumbar spine by Pilates. Research methods: theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, empirical (questionnaires by Ostwestry, Rolland-Morris, visual-analog scale), pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The women of the main group were engaged in the developed program of physical therapy, which provides a reasonable choice of tools and methods, taking into account age, pain and functional status of the spine. For each patient of the main group, the means and methods of physical rehabilitation were selected individually, which would most effectively help to solve the problem and achieve the set goal. Classes were held individually 4 times a week for 40-50 minutes. Results: experimental verification of the effectiveness of the developed program of physical therapy showed that at the end of the study women of the main group had better indicators according to the questionnaire Osvestri by 9.86 points (p<0.05), Roland-Morris - by 2.41 points (p<0.05), the indicator of VAS - by 1 point (p<0.05) compared with women in the comparison group, respectively, which confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed program of physical therapy with the means of Pilates.


Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment of bronchopulmonary cyst.Methods The clinical data of 23 patients with bronchopulmonary cyst were analyzed retrospectively.Fifteen patients were males and 8 were females.The patients were aged from 11 to 65 years old.Single pulmonary lobectomy were performed for 16 patients,double pulmonary lobectomy for 2,left lung resection for 2,right lung resection for 2 and cyst resection for 1.Results All the operations were successful and no patient died.The average hospital stay was 14 days.There was no obvious complication.The patients were followed up for 7 to 13 months,but no recurrence was found.Conclusion The surgical treatment of bronchopulmonary cyst is effective.The operation should be performed once the diagnosis is confirmed.


Abstract Abstract. Vigilance in parental barnacle geese was recorded during the first 2-3 weeks of life of goslings. Most mortality of the young occurred during this period. The mortality of young differed between two brood-rearing sites, probably to a large part depending on different abundance of predators, mainly gulls Larus spp. Parents on the high predation site had a higher intensity of vigilance than parents on the low predation site. This may be explained in terms of optimal decisions about the amount of parental input in relation to the costs and benefits of vigilance. The intensity of vigilance was positively related to brood size in males, females and pairs, and also to the maximum observed distance between parents and young. The intensity of vigilance was probably directly dependent on brood size, rather than the other way around, because parents immediately decreased their vigilance when brood size decreased. The correlation between vigilance and brood size may have arisen because young in larger broods face a higher risk of predation. The results are contrary to the prediction that vigilance should be unrelated to brood size in nidifugous bird species which do not feed their young. If costs for parental care are related to brood size, they may be important for the determination of clutch size in the barnacle goose.


The first commercial use of ROV-deployed ocean bottom seismic nodes (OBN) was on the Cantarell/Sihil field
offshore Mexico in 2003/4. The resulting data showed a clear uplift over that acquired previously using ocean
bottom cable (OBC) equipment and was a forerunner to the extensive volume of OBN surveys that have been
acquired worldwide in both deep water, using ROVs for deployment, and shallower water depths where both
node-on-a-rope (NOAR) and node-on-a wire (NOAW) systems have been used employed.
The move towards OBN and away from OBC has been driven by the desire to improve operational performance
and hence reduce ocean bottom seismic (OBS) survey costs. The larger spread geometries enabled by higher
node inventories reduce the traditional duplicated shot overhead implicit in the limited number of receivers
historically available on an OBC crew, due to the inherent technical reliability limitations of connectors,
terminations, data telemetry and power distribution.
When coupled with recent advances in the data processing to de-blend so-called simultaneous sources, the
resulting square kilometer rates for full azimuth/long offset OBN data are beginning to allow the technique to be
considered for exploration in addition to the appraisal and development objectives that have traditionally been
its focus.
In this presentation the technical evolution of OBN will be briefly described, the key aspects for improving
survey efficiency explained and the likely future direction and application, especially in both the shallow and
deep water offshore Mexico, highlighted.


We consider reflection-asymmetric thin-shell wormholes within Palatini f(R) gravity using a matching procedure of two patches of electrovacuum space-times at a hypersurface (the shell) via suitable junction conditions. The conditions for having (linearly) stable wormholes supported by positive-energy matter sources are determined. We also identify some subsets of parameters able to locate the shell radius above the event horizon (when present) but below the photon sphere (on both sides). We illustrate with an specific example that such two photon spheres allow an observer on one of the sides of the wormhole to see another (circular) shadow in addition to the one generated by its own photon sphere, which is due to the photons passing above the maximum of the effective potential on its side and bouncing back across the throat due to a higher effective potential on the other side. We finally comment on the capability of these double shadows to seek for traces of new gravitational physics beyond that described by General Relativity.


In order to reduce carbon emissions and in the case of producing the same amount of heat,raw coal and modified coal(250 ℃ heat treatment) which the grain size of is about 200 meshes were used to absorb ammonia,make them into low carbon coal which includes the raw coal which has absorbed ammonia and the modified coal which has absorbed ammonia,and use TGA to analyse their combustion characteristic.It was found in the research that ammonia has a little influence on he combustion characteristic of coal.The combustion characteristic of the raw coal which has absorbed ammonia is best,and then raw coal,modified coal,modified coal which has absorbed ammonia are in a order of proper sequence.


ABSTRACTMany previously published wave-equation-based methods, which attempt to automatically invert traveltime or kinematic information in seismic data or migrated gathers for smooth velocities, suffer a common and severe problem — the inversions are involuntarily and unconsciously hijacked by amplitude information. To overcome this problem, we have developed a new wave-equation-based traveltime inversion methodology, referred to as full-traveltime (i.e., fully dependent on traveltime) inversion (FTI), to automatically estimate a kinematically accurate velocity model from seismic data. The key idea of FTI is to make the inversion fully dependent on traveltime information, and thus prevent amplitude interference during inversion. Under the assumption that velocity perturbations cause only traveltime changes, we have derived the FTI method in the data and image domains, which are applicable to transmitted arrivals and reflected waves, respectively. FTI does not require an accurate initial velocity model or...


With this January 2018 issue, we begin a new editorial initiative. Every January, we aim to publish a thematic issue on an exciting and fast moving topic that reflects current trends in yeast research. We begin with a special issue on "Yeast Interspecies Hybrids". The importance of yeast hybrids is becoming increasingly recognised in many aspects of biology, evolution and biotechnology. Hybrids both offer a powerful tool to explore and exploit yeast biotechnological potential, and raise new challenges in our understanding of fundamental biological questions. As you will see by reading this special issue, yeast is playing a pivotal role in investigating interspecies hybrids. We were glad to receive numerous submissions for both review and research articles from leading experts in the field. This issue covers numerous topics and aspects of yeast interspecies hybrids and provides the reader the state of the art of this field. We hope you will enjoy reading this collection of papers as much as we do. We also would like to thank all the authors, section editors, reviewers and the editorial office that worked with us in this project. A very special thank goes to Jasmine Temple for "growing" a special cover for the special issue ("The making of the cover"). Happy and productive 2018 to everyone.


rTp s bibliography presents selected referIences on school administration for the year from November 1, 1954, through October 30, 1955. The classification of the references and the basis of selection followed in recent years have been continued this year. References have been selected from the books, monographs, bulletins, and magazines in general circulation. No search for references has been made among unpublished theses or dissertations, or among foreign periodicals. In selecting references, the authors have attempted to focus on major books in the field, on factual studies, on reports of what appear to be significant innovations in practice, and on important policy statements. Several reviews of progress and of future prospects in various aspects of school administration have been included in this year's selection of references. The unusual amount of publication noted last year is even more evident this year. A remarkable number of new books and of significant revisions of older books has appeared this year. The influence of the foundations in stimulating publication continues to be apparent. Understandably, publications relating to desegregation in the schools are suddenly prominent in the literature of school administration. Community studies, particularly those relating to the improvement of schoolcommunity relations, continue to attract the attention of students.


CdZnTe or "CZT" crystals are highly suitable for use as a room temperature based spectrometer for the detection and characterization of gamma radiation. Over the last decade, the methods for growing high quality CZT have improved the quality of the produced crystals however there are material features that can influence the performance of these materials as radiation detectors. For example, various structural heterogeneities within the CZT crystals, such as twinning, pipes, grain boundaries (polycrystallinity), and secondary phases (SP) can have a negative impact on the detector performance. In this study, a CZT material was grown by the modified vertical Bridgman growth (MVB) method with zone leveled growth without excess Te in the melt. Visual observations of material from the growth of this material revealed significant voids and SP. Samples from this material were analyzed using various analytical techniques to evaluate its electrical properties, purity and detector performance as radiation spectrometers and to determine the morphology, dimension and elemental /structural composition of one of the SP in this material. This material was found to have a high resistivity but poor radiation spectrometer performance. It had SP that were rich in polycrystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3), metallic Te and polycrystalline CdZnTe and 15 to 50 μm in diameter. Bulk elemental analyses of sister material from elsewhere in the boule did not contain high levels of Al so there is considerable elemental impurity heterogeneity within the boule from this growth.


Abstract Background There are no standardised, recognised regimens for third line treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer, with most clinicians using best supportive care in this scenario. Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel and FOLFIRINOX are non-cross resistant regimens. This generates the hypothesis that patients who responded well in the first line setting to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel could respond again if rechallenged in the third line setting, after second line FOLFIRINOX. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted via an electronic database from two of our institutions, of locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who were treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel both as a first line and third line chemotherapy regimen between January 2013 and July 2019. All patients had an ECOG performance status of 2 or less. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results We identified 30 patients in our analysis. 63% of the patients were female, with the median age of all patients at diagnosis being 67 (range, 38 – 82). 60% of the studied patients had locally advanced disease at diagnosis. Median OS from diagnosis was 39.0 months (95% CI, 34.0 – 66.0). Median OS from third-line re-initiation of gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel was 29.0 months (95% CI, 9.0 – 36.0). Conclusions Patient who maintain a good performance status after second line treatment present a management dilemma, as these patients are often reluctant to accept best supportive care when they feel well enough to tolerate another line of chemotherapy. The median OS (29 months) and age (67) is surprising, but probably represents the selection bias of patients who retain sufficient performance status to undergo third line therapy. Patients who have receive first line gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, and second line FOLFIRINOX whilst maintaining good performance status, should be considered for re-treatment with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel, as evidenced by our data from two of our institutions. Phase III studies would be highly beneficial to further investigate this as a potential standard of care for third-line treatment in this group. Legal entity responsible for the study St John of God Hospital Subiaco. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


The real nature of the Prophet Muhammad (may God's mercy and blessing be upon him) is perhaps the central issue of Christian-Muslim dialogue, for if Muhammad is a true prophet who delivered his message faithfully, what is there to prevent a sincere man to accept his call to Islam?


Background: The objective of this study is to validate the admission Glasgow coma scale (GCS) associated with pupil response (GCS-P) to predict traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient's outcomes in a low- to middle-income country and to compare its performance with that of a simplified model combining the better motor response of the GCS and the pupilar response (MS-P). Methods: This is a prospective cohort of patients with TBI in a tertiary trauma reference center in Brazil. Predictive values of the GCS, GCS-P, and MS-P were evaluated and compared for 14 day and in-hospital mortality outcomes and length of hospital stay (LHS). Results: The study enrolled 447 patients. MS-P demonstrated better discriminative ability than GCS to predict mortality (AUC 0.736 × 0.658; P < 0.001) and higher AUC than GCS-P (0.736 × 0.704, respectively; P = 0.073). For hospital mortality, MS-P demonstrated better discrimination than GCS (AUC, 0.750 × 0.682; P < 0.001) and higher AUC than GCS-P (0.750 × 0.714; P = 0.027). Both scores were good predictors of LHS (r2 = 0.084 [GCS-P] × 0.079 [GCS] × 0.072 [MS-P]). Conclusion: The predictive value of the GCS, GCS-P, and MS-P scales was demonstrated, thus contributing to its external validation in low- to middle-income country.


As databases and server warehouse technologies continue to become more powerful and sophisticated, enormous quantities of data are being stored about users of mobile and web services and their interactions with these platforms. These vast stores of user data can be used to construct recommendation systems that can help connect users to other content that may be useful or interesting to them. Collaborative filtering algorithms provide the backbone for the current state of the art in recommendation systems. Collaborative filtering requires users to express some ratings or preferences on a subset of the available content, and computes recommendations using this data. In this paper, I explore and analyze the Yelp Dataset Challenge dataset, which contains data about users, reviews, and businesses and their characteristics. Using my findings about the structure of the data and statistical measures of the data, I construct two classes of collaborative filtering recommendation systems: user-based systems and item-based systems. By dividing the businesses from each user's reviews into a training set and test set, I train recommendation systems, generate recommendations, and test their accuracy against content users have already expressed an interest in. The structure of the project lends itself well to dividing development between three main components: the database builder, the analysis engine, and recommendation engine. The system was built using Python 2.7 and the scientific computing modules NumPy and Matplotlib. The software is cross-platform and works both on Windows and Unix-based operating systems. After giving an overview of the system, I propose future directions to build on this work.


Eight diverse genotypes viz., HD 3171, WH 147, K 906, K 307, K 1006, K 7903, DBW 14, and PBW 502 were crossed in diallel mating design excluding reciprocals for studying of heterosis in F1 generation of wheat. The range of heterosis was observed -30.25 to 14.17for grain yield per plant, -7.92 to 2.43 for days to maturity,-16.01 to 6.12 for plant height, -32.67 to 22.01 for number of tiller per plant, -13.61 to 7.88 for 1000-grain weight, and -18.83 to 20.76 for harvest index. The cross WH147 X DBW14 for grain yield per plant, K7903 X PBW502 for days to maturity, K7903 X PBW502 for plant height, DBW14 X PBW502 for number of tiller per plant, WH147 X K1006 for 1000-grain weight and K1006 X DBW14 for harvest index. was observed best cross with highest heterosis. The cross combinations namely WH147 x DBW14, K7903 x DBW14, WH147 x K1006, K307 x K1006 were found promising for yield, yield components and quality traits. The cross K7903 x DBW14 exhibited desirable heterotic response for four other traits; viz., days to 75% heading, plant height, number of grains per spike and biological yield.


Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks can provide complete connectivity and worldwide data transmission capability for the internet of things. However, arbitrary flow arrival and uneven traffic load among areas bring about unbalanced traffic distribution over the LEO constellation. Therefore, the routing strategy in LEO networks should have the ability to adjust routing paths based on changes in network status adaptively. In this paper, we propose a Two-Hops State-Aware Routing Strategy Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL-THSA) for LEO satellite networks. In this strategy, each node only needs to obtain the link state within the range of two-hop neighbors, and the optimal next-hop node can be output. The link state is divided into three levels, and the traffic forwarding strategy for each level is proposed, which allows DRL-THSA to cope with link outage or congestion. The Double-Deep Q Network (DDQN) is proposed in DRL-THSA to figure out the optional next hop by inputting the two-hops link states. The DDQN is analyzed from three aspects: model setting, training process and running process. The effectiveness of DRL-THSA, in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, and packet drop rate, is verified via a set of simulations using the Network Simulator 3 (NS3).


Purpose
This study aims to explore the customers' behaviour towards online shopping during COVID-19 in a Muslim country and proposes a co-creative service design for online businesses (webstore) in the post-COVID-19 era.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used a qualitative design for collecting the data where in-depth interviews from 18 customers were conducted following the qualitative design protocol. Due to the limitation of physical distancing, the interviews were conducted online using Microsoft teams.

Findings
Based on the findings, new potential services are proposed for webstores for customer engagement, the need for expansion of product lines and safety measures for customers and staff during and post-COVID-19 era. Following the findings, a co-creative service design is proposed for webstores to revamp the business during and post-COVID-19.

Originality/value
The study is unique because it has developed various unique strategic factors essential for revamping online businesses for better growth in post-COVID-19. The proposed new co-creative service design model for an online service provider is expected to create customers engagement and loyalty during and in post-COVID-19.


To evaluate the off road vehicle performance, a scaled soil bin was designed and established at Military Technical College (MTC). Using the indoor soil bin, single wheel tester that concludes the dynamic weight equal to that measured statically in addition to measuring sensors, the vehicle performance was measured. Also the dynamic sinkage due to wheel motion was measured using ultrasonic sensor. This paper presents a detailed Mechatronics system for experimental measuring of instantaneous slip ratio, and dynamic sinkage on soft dry sand. The data acquisition card and LABVIEW program are considered the Mechatronics pressure control system. Also this paper introduces a development and implementation of a control algorithm for tire pressure control. The control system depends on the signal from tire pressure sensor, the signal from speed sensors and signal from dynamic sinkage to control the tire pressure via directional control valve (inflation/deflation) automatically based on road conditions.


—This study continues analysis of the new seismic tomographic structure of the suprasubduction complex of the central zone of Kamchatka, obtained from the dense local networks data of 2018–2020, and is devoted to the analysis of the velocity structure in the Malko-Petropavlovsk fracture zone margins and around them. The seismic tomographic model involves about 98,000 P- and S-wave travel times from 2963 local earthquakes from August 2018 to July 2020. The resolution of this model makes it possible to trace the feeding systems of volcanoes of the South Kamchatka and East Volcanic Belt to the slab surface, as well as to identify subvertical structural faults. To construct the orientations of the compression and extension axes we used the foci mechanisms of 41 earthquakes with М ≥ 4.5 from the catalog of the International Seismological Center for the period 1979–2019. Along the Malko-Petropavlovsk fracture zone, the Avacha transform fault is clearly traced in the geometry and mutual arrangement of velocity anomalies almost throughout the entire depth of the model. Comparison of seismic anomalies with a map of the directions of the compression and extension axes distribution from the earthquake foci mechanisms showed the correlation between the change in the value of the velocity anomalies along the Avacha transform fault with the axes direction change by almost 180°. A near-surface low-velocity anomaly to the depths of 25–35 km was found along the western border of the Malko-Petropavlovsk zone under the southern tip of the Sredinny Ridge. This anomaly probably marks the axes junction zone boundary of the ancient volcanic front along the Sredinny Ridge and the modern active Eastern Volcanic Belt, which formed as a result of the Kronotsky paleoarc accretion. To the west from the Sredinny Ridge southern tip, another low-velocity anomaly was revealed. This anomaly was traced to a depth of ~150 km, has a contrasting southern boundary confirmed by the distribution of the compression and extension axes directions by the earthquake foci mechanisms and apparently marks the southern boundary of the West Kamchatka block.


The Control Data Loosely Coupled Network (LCN) provides a form of two-party cooperative communications, similar to that described by Enslow (1). Put another way, LCN acts as an agent for Multi-Mainframing and distributed processing by providing a means for interconnection of, and information exchange amongst, a collection of mainframes or mainframes and peripherals (all referred to as "hosts" in the remainder of this paper).


In the context of increasingly tight spectrum resources, mixer, as an indispensable part of communication system, its research is of great significance to the promotion of communication technology. In this paper, the 3D electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and ADS software are combined. Based on the S parameters of 3D model based on HFSS contained in SNP file, ADS is used to represent the transmission characteristics of the circuit, and a subharmonic mixer based on Schottky diode is designed by partial simulation method. The design of quadrature subharmonic mixer is completed by combining subharmonic mixer with power divider. The results show that the conversion loss of the mixer in 130-150 GHZ band is less than 7.23dB.


The contributors to this book are drawn from a variety of academic fields, including psychology, sociology, education and medicine. They bring together the most recent research on the impact of contexts, such as cultural belief systems or groups characterized by different family structures, on adolescent development. An in-depth and cross-cultural approach is taken and comparative perspectives within national contexts and across cultures are well represented.


Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder which involves the abnormal discharges of electrical activity in the brain cells, giving rise to abnormal behaviours such as involuntary muscle movements, unusual perceptions or a disturbed level of consciousness. Epilepsy has been considered as a relatively common condition that can affect anyone at any age. The oxidative stress resulting from excessive free-radical generation is likely implicated in the initiation, development and progression of epilepsy. The present review article discusses about the probable role of oxidative stress in epilepsy. Moreover, strategies to prevent the development and progression of epilepsy have been conferred in the review.


(57) Abstract: and A substrate, and at least one impact-resistant primer layer coated on at least one surface of the substrate, and at least one abrasion-resistant coating layer, various industry, for example, automobiles (window, headlights, etc.), building (window) or multilayer composite materials used in sanitary equipment. A is applied to the "soft medicine" polymer (Tg 50) and the surface to be treated latex consisting of structural particles of obtaining impact-resistant primer layer.


For the analysis of back‐flashover phenomena of transmission lines, accurate evaluation of flashover occurrence at arcing horns is necessary. In this paper, parallel gap flashover phenomena are studied theoretically in the following conditions: (i) the gap lengths are different, and (ii) after one of the gaps flashes overs, there remains some residual voltage. The formulae for the occurrence probabilities of concurrent flashover on these conditions are introduced. Based on the analysis, application to the analysis of multiphase flashover is discussed. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Both feeding and bedding habitat selection by red deer (Cervus elaphus xantho-pygus) were studied in Dailing Region, Heilongjiang province during December 1985-March 1987. On the analysis of field data with theory of quantification, following conclusions were reached.
1. A remarkable difference appeared among factors which influenced on habitat selection and obvious changes of factors were shown in different periods of winter.The main factors which exerted notable influence on feeding habitat selection by red deer were as those: forage abundance throughout the winter months; distance from human disturbance and forest type in early and latter winter; aspect and wind direction in middle winter; snow depth in latter winter. And the secondary factors were degree of slope and horizontal cover density throughout the winter months. 2. Among factors in relation to bedding habitat selection by red deer, the main factors were horizontal cover density, distance from human disturbance and wind dire-ction. The secondary factors were degree of slope and snow depth. However, changes among these factors were not as distinct as feeding habitat selection.
3. The optimal feeding habitat selections by red deer in winter were: a) weight of dry-matter of available forage≥0.93g/m2, b) distance from human disturbance≥600 m; c) snow depth≥40cm; d) clearcut land (3-7years) or planted poplar young growth; e) non-disturbance from other ungulates, f) slope back with the wind; south-eastern and southern exposure) and middle or lower slope position.
4. The optimal bedding habitat selections by red deer in winter were: a) horizon-tal cover density≥0.4, b) distance from human disturbance 900m, c) weight of dry-matter available forage≥0.4g/m2, d) poplar birch young growth, e) non-disturbance from other ungulates, f) slope back with the wind, southern exposure and middle slope position.


In this paper a kind of generalized Pascal triangle is coustructed whose k'th entry in its
n'th row equals the number of permutations of degree n having exactly k inversions. Let p~ be
the number of the n-degree permutations having: exactly le inversions. Then
pk J1
(n) , 1 > ') T •
O. if k -
<0
so it is presented an algorithm which needs polynomial time only:
P k-J1-;-l
11-1 •
Finally it is given a method that the n'th row of our GPT contains 1 -'- (~) (non-zero) entries
and the computation of the n'th row requires roughly n4 operations.


Phaseless antenna measurements have been gaining great interest in the past. In the course of increasing integration of antennas with frontends and digital signal processing units on chipsets, the measurement of the phase pattern becomes challenging since a RF connection to the antenna feed point has become obsolete, and common measurement methods with a vector network analyzer cannot be applied any more. This paper deals with a phase recovery technique exploiting intrinsic communication signals from a LTE user equipment, following the approach of indirect holography in the spatial domain. Phase recovery is applied on a cylindrical measurement surface, scanning in both vertical and horizontal polarization. The comparison with a conventional vectorial phase measurement shows excellent agreement on the entire measured surface. Thus, this approach is a promising alternative and has high potential for further signal processing, e.g. near-field to far-field transformation, localization of the antenna within the measurement volume, or active OTA testing.


The Productive Matrix is based on an economic model of a country, I mean, is the way
that how a country generates its wealth to maintain they financial stability. Ecuador's
economy was very classic and this forced the Government to change the way of how
industries produced their income; taking he country to a more own economy. The
stated objectives of the change in the Productive Matrix are that the prioritized
economic sectors produce better their products or services with high levels of
innovation, in that way the product that they offer to the local market has much more
acceptance that imported products, this goes hand in hand with the purpose of these
companies to take their products to international markets, achieving higher levels of
export


Numerical results obtained for a hard strip-loaded conical horn antenna using the generalised scattering matrix method are presented and discussed. It is shown that the main features of the horn are associated with resonances of the stripline mode being excited as a result of wave scattering at the open end. The resonances cause oscillations in the horn aperture efficiency with an amplitude of around 10% when changing the horn length or operating frequency. The effect of the resonances on the crosspolar level is less critical.


l INTRODUCTION l SECTION l. INS'rALLATION HARDWARE 3 1-l Spectrometer 3 l.l.l Magnetic Pulser 3 1.1.2 Counting Equipment 4 l.l.) Spectrometer Hardware 4 1.1.4 Positioning Equipment 4 l-2 Computer 6 1.2.1 Peripheral Devices 6 • 1.2.2 Real-Time Clock 7 1.2.3 Interrupt Facilities 7 Block Data Transfers 7 Automatic Priority Interrlipt 8 Program Interrupt 9 1.3 Interface Hardware 10 l-3-l Programmed Pulse Generator 10


In the acoustical analysis, the Praat program is used in various areas of Speech & Language Disorders such as aphasia, Dysarthria, Articulatory & Phonological Disorders, and Voice Disorders. However, there is a lack of research on Dysarthria. This study analyzed the Korean literature published from 2002 to 2017 focusing on the analysis of acoustical features of patients with Dysarthria using the Praat program. There are 7 preceding studies on the acoustical features of patients with Dysarthria using the Praat program. The Received (November 27, 2018), Review Result(December 17, 2018) Accepted(January 5, 2019), Published(January 31, 2019) Assistant Professor, 58477 Dept. Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology, Sehan Univ. 1113, Noksaek-ro, Sanho-ri, Samho-eup, Yeongam-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea email: firstname.lastname@example.com * This paper was supported by the Sehan University Research Fund in 2019 Analysis of Preceding Studies in Korea on the Acoustic Analysis of Patients with Dysarthria Using Praat Copyright c 2019 HSST 476 results of the analysis are as follows. The analysis using the Praat program for the patients with Dysarthria showed that basic voice recording and sound intensity, fundamental frequency and formant measurement were performed in order to analyze vowel and consonant characteristics, speech intelligibility, spoken speed and regularity. And the application of the acoustic parameter formula was made to speech analysis. Automatic measurement was made possible by formant slope and formant measurement. And analyzed the rate of speaking, articulation speed, speaking time, articulation time,pause time, and pause ratio. The purpose of study is to evaluate the degree of use of the Praat program in the acoustic analysis of dysarthria. In the future, expect to be able to use the Praat program as an effective speech analysis index for patients with dysarthria.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban in percutaneous coronary intervenstions(PCI) treatment of unstable angina among diabetes patients.Methods 82 patients with diabetes complicated with unstable angina who all accepted percutaneous coronary intervenstions(PCI) were selected randomly divided into treatment group(42 cases) and control group(40 cases).The treatment group were given tirofiban via coronary before PCI and continued infusion by means of vein pump lasted 36 hours.The control group didn't use tirofiban.The condition of coronary blood flow during PCI,incidence of adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) and condition of hemorrhage,thrombocytopenia during 6 months after PCI were observed and compared.Results The rate of TIMI grade 0~2 during PCI of the treatment group was 4.76%,lower than 20% of the control group;the total incidence of MACE of the treatment group was 2.38%,lower than 27.5% of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).The bleeding incidence of the treatment group was 14.29%,which of the control group was 5%,the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.467).There was no thrombocytopenia in both groups.Conclusion Triofiban can improve the amount of blood flow during PCI and decrease the incidence of MACE such as thrombosis and reoccurred angina,and is more safety.


Previous research has suggested that advanced Second Language (L2) learners are more intrinsically motivated than beginning L2 learners (e.g., Rivers, 1996), and that Third Language (L3) learners are more intrinsically motivated than L2 learners (Schütz, 2007). However, Chomsky (1975) believes that children have to be creative to learn their first language, and others (e.g., Fraser, 2007; Heath & Wolf, 2005) believe that children are creative even when learning a second language. In this research, 67 L2 learners and 38 L3 learners were recruited. They completed a survey including a language achievement scale, an intrinsic motivation scale, and a creativity scale. The results showed that L2 or L3 learners who perceived their foreign language achievement to be fluent or experienced scored higher on both the intrinsic motivation and the creativity scales than beginners, and that L3 learners scored significantly higher on the intrinsic motivation scale than L2 learners. Follow-up tests found that the factor of intrinsic motivation indeed was more important for language achievement for beginner to medium-level foreign language learners just as for the entire sample taken as a whole. However, this relationship disappeared for the very advanced learners. For these more advanced "expert" learners, there was no relationship between intrinsic motivation and language achievement but the creativity scale was positively correlated with the language achievement scale.


Implementasion of intranet portal has been running, including in BPPKI Jakarta but has yet to be evaluated , which is actually necessary, especially in the presence of new technologies by users. This study aimed to assess the acceptance of intranet portal in BPPKI Jakarta using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach, so as to know the factors that influence the acceptance of intranet portals BPPKI Kominfo in Jakarta. This research is a quantitative research through a questionnaire with Likert scale made to all employees who have an identity on intranet portal. The results showed that only 35% ofrespondents who use intranet portal, and based on hypothesis testing found that the interest in the use of an intranet portal has a significant positive effect on the use of intranet portals.


With a thin gold layer, we fabricated mesa-like shunted intrinsic Josephson junction stacks on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x single crystals. Instead of the multibranch structure and large voltage jumps often observed in conventional intrinsic junctions, current–voltage characteristics typical of resistively shunted junctions were obtained. Individual Shapiro steps were clearly visible with irradiation at frequencies from a few to 20 GHz. The experiments demonstrated not only the ac Josephson effects directly but also the possibility of employing intrinsic Josephson junctions in high-frequency applications.


In the field of assessing writing, various studies have been conducted on raters' judgments and effects of training on these judgments. This study investigated how raters conceived a good writing and whether rater training affected their conceptions. The conceptions of five raters were identified through a repertory grid technique which was conducted before and after a rater training session. The constructs they produced in these repertory grids revealed that raters put more emphasis on some of the text features in a good writing. It was also found that training might affect raters' understanding of a good writing to some extent. Assessment in direct testing of writing is a writing process. It is necessary to refer to Kelly's complex process. It relies on human judgment and is Personal Construct Theory here. According to Kelly mostly subject to rater behavior. Literature in the field (7), each of us tries to make sense of the world as we of assessing writing has revealed that in the process of experience it by creatively forming and testing rating, raters focus on various themes and their 'constructs' about the world around us. These decisions are affected by many factors. Huot (1) and Pula constructs are used for predicting things to come and as and Huot (2), for example, looked at the influence of we have new experiences, we realize these predictions raters' backgrounds on scoring. Their think-aloud either as correct or misleading which might provide the protocol studies and interviews revealed that raters' basis for revision of the constructs. Thus, it is possible to personal backgrounds, professional trainings and work assume that in the rating process, raters' own constructs experiences might affect the way they score writing. formed by their earlier experiences might affect their Similarly, Wolfe (3) investigated rater differences and decisions in rating and these constructs might change found that less proficient raters make evaluative decisions when they receive rater training. During the training, earlier than more proficient ones. Weigle (4) looked at raters are expected to come to an agreement by discussing rater variables and examined the effects of training on the criteria on which the scores are based. These raters. She pointed out that the norming process, that is, discussions might lead the raters to test their previously the scoring criteria, modifying raters' expectations and developed constructs and to modify them or change them raising awareness of the need for rater agreement would with new ones. result in bringing the raters in line with each other. Lumley With these considerations in mind, this study (5) carried out think-aloud protocol study with four mainly deals with the personal constructs of raters experienced teachers and stated that raters' related to 'good writer' and seeks to answer these understanding of the scale was one of the justifications questions: raters made while deciding the score. Freedman and Calfe (6) described a three-staged What do the raters mainly focus on while identifying model suggesting that the raters read the text to construct a good writer? a text image, evaluate the image and articulate the Is there a role of rater training in raters' constructs of evaluation. In this model, while building the text image, a good writer? knowledge, beliefs and values and knowledge of the


Breast cancer is a common female malignancy,and ultrasonography is one of the primary diagnosis of breast cancer imaging methods.Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging diagnosis of breast cancer foundation,but it has some limitations,which makes diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy not high.With the developments of new techniques,there has been emerging ultrasonic elastography,contrast ultrasonography,three-dimensional ultrasonography and other new technologies,these new technologies as a complement to conventional ultrasound,each with advantages and disadvantages.Here is to make a review on the diagnosis of breast cancer with the above technologies.


The estimators derived by Jolly and by Seber for the parameters of an open mobile animal population are maximum likelihood estimators if every live animal has the same probability of surviving until the next sample and the same probability of being observed at that time. The logical structure of the estimatinig equations is emphasised here, and is found to throw light on two classes of problem: what biases will occur if the Seber-Jolly estimates are used in situations in which the standard assumptions do not hold, and what new estimates are reasonable in these cases? The logical argument is applied to various situations including those in which survival is heterogeneous, or correlated with age, and others in which catchability is heterogeneous or affected, permanently or temporarily, by marking.


Significant developments have taken place in the area of large-scale matrix computations. Much of these advancements are the result of contributions from Krylov subspace techniques. The popularity of this class of iterative methods in solving large sets of linear and non-linear equations as well as large eigenvalue problems stems from their relative simplicity and generality. Recognizing this property, the paper exploits and introduces the, new mathematical approach, Krylov subspace techniques and their use in the model reduction problem for large-scale systems. Hence the robust control design problem can be solved for the large-scale systems.


No other reactions occurring in the clinic can show more dramatically than GvH reactions the importance of being histocompatible, if mixing your tissues with those of others you must. The severe clinical conditions calling for treatment with bone marrow grafting, which is of course the form of allotransplantation that is greatly endangered by the complication of GvH reactions, may themselves complicate both diagnosis, treatment, and biological interpretation of the events set in motion by the attack of grafted T lymphocytes on their host. However, what happens in tnan in these conditions is basically the same immunopathological events which can also be precipitated in experimental animals, if the following 3 conditions are met: 1. That the allograft contains T cells. 2. That the host contains cell membrane antigens which are recognized as foreign by the grafted T cells. 3. That the host is incapable for one reason or other of getting rid of the grafted T cells by an immunological counter-attack, which by definition would be host-versus-graft (HvG). Historically, GvH reactions were first observed in the Rockefeller Institute in New York by grafting of adult chicken tissues containing T cells, such as spleen tissue, onto the chorioallantoic membrane of allogeneic chicken embryos (Murphy 1916). This was decennia before anybody spoke about T cells and GvH reactions, and the immunological nature of the discovery was completely missed by Murphy, and probably also by his contemporary readers of the Journal of Experimental Medicine. I intend to discuss these findings in more depth because I am fascinated by the interplay in science of ideas and intellectual climate with chance and circumstance.


Foreword Preface Introduction I: The Law: Science and Mystery II: The Use of History III: The Tendency of History IV: The Use of Aesthetics V: The Limits of Reason VI: The Methods of Reason VII: Humanity VIII: Liberty IX: Property Conclusion: The Advantage of Being a Reasonable Creature Notes A Layman's Glossary Index


Two rhenium tetrahedral cluster chalcofluoride compounds, K4[Re4S4F12]·3.4 H2O (1) and K4[Re4Se4F12]·6 H2O (2), have been synthesized for the first time by a reaction of Re4Q4(TeCl2)4Cl8 (Q = S, Se) with molten KHF2. Both compounds have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Compound 1 crystallizes in the trigonal space group R with 24 formula units per cell [a = b = 23.6503(3) A, c = 25.2697(7) A, V = 12240.6(4) A3 (T = 293 K)]; compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P with four formula units per cell [a = 10.6451(3) A, b = 14.6853(4) A, c = 16.9349(5) A, α = 66.8420(10)°, β = 84.8460(10)°, γ = 85.5740(10)°, V = 2421.69(12) A3 (T = 293 K)]. Hydrophilic terminal fluoride ligands of cluster anions are included in the hydrogen bond systems of their hydrate shells. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)


This study arise a new way about how to solve the problem of the construction of vocational colleges' double-teacher team by colleges and enterprises' cooperation to open new majors.This study shows that the new way not only makes vocational colleges and enterprises cooperate much closely and let the colleges more famous but also has important meaning.


The article suggested the author's definition of regional livestock complex and given its characteristics as a control object. Represented as a block diagram of the regional livestock complex, reflecting its relationship with the environment.


The present study aimed that investigate the antitumor potential of Hydro alcoholic extract of Oroxylum indicum linn for 45 days against 7, 12-dimethyl Benz[a]anthracene (DMBA- 7.5mg/Kg) induced oxidative stress and mammary carcinogenesis in female spargue-dawley rats. The treatment protocol started from the day immediately after DMBA administration. Results obtained indicated that there was a significant elevation in the terms of tumour incident and tumour multiplicity in DMBA injected rats. The potential reduction in tumour volume was observed in treatment groups whereas treated with HAEOI reverse these changes. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidise (free radical scavengers) were found to be potentially higher in treatment groups when compared to toxic control. Histopathological examination revealed the formation of tumour in DMBA induced rats. Whereas treatment with extract significantly reduced the proliferation and replacement of normal ductular and alveolar structure of mammary gland. Therefore it can be concluded that the HAEOI was provided antioxidant defence, with strong anti-tumour activity against DMBA- induced mammary tumours.


Background: Two prototypes for integrated nitric oxide (NO) administration during mechanical ventilation have recently been developed (Servo 300 NO-A prototype, Siemens, Lund, Sweden; NO-domo, Drager AG, Lubeck, Germany). Objectives: To test the accuracy for the administration and the inbuilt electrochemical NO/NO2 measurement of these prototypes. Design: Different NO concentrations (NOin, 0.5-90 ppm) and different tidal volumes (TV, 100-250 ml for paediatric patients, 300-1,000 ml for adult patients) were tested. Both the adjusted NOin as well as the electrochemical measurement were compared to chemiluminescence as the reference method. Results: The mean difference between NOin and chemiluminescence measurements was 0.46±0.72 ppm for the Servo and 0.61±2.01 ppm for the NO-domo. This difference was dependent on TV and NOin. For NOin ≤40 ppm and the adult range of TV, the mean difference was 0.17±0.25 ppm for the Servo and 1.00±0.48 ppm for the NO-domo. The comparison between the electrochemical measureme...


Today, the primary aim of spatial development management, including spatial planning, is to find safe equilibrium between social-economic development and natural environment protection. Such challenge needs more complex approach for research and design methods involved in decision-making processes. The crucial problem is to look at the spatial development and at its impact on environment as a dynamic reality. It is the precondition for making a proper prognosis and a reliable impact assessment, which is the basis for relevant planning decisions. This work is a step in the search for new technologies which can give spatial planners and decision makers the methods for analysing data and describing spatial development with its temporal context in a new manner as well as presenting changes as effects of events and processes. The authors present here the usage of RDF datasets and the method for interpreting them using formal ontologies (also called foundational or upper ontologies).


We use N-body integration to follow the evolution of clusters of 200 binary systems with different initial half mass radii $R_{0.5}$. We also simulate single-star clusters. All clusters evolve according to the same $n(t)$ curve, where $n(t)$ is the number density of stars in the central 2~pc sphere at time $t$. $n(t)$ and the lifetime are independent of (i) the inital proportion of binaries and (ii) the initial $R_{0.5}$. Mass segregation measures the dynamical age of the cluster. The proportion of binaries in the central cluster region is a sensitive indicator of the initial cluster concentration. If most stars form in binaries in a typical embedded cluster which is located at the edge of a giant molecular cloud, then we estimate that at most about 10~per cent of all pre-main sequence stars achieve near escape velocities from the molecular cloud. The large ejection velocities resulting from close encounters between binary systems imply a `halo' distribution of young stars over large areas surrounding star forming sites which is expected to have a significantly reduced binary proportion and a significantly increased proportion of stars with depleted circumstellar disks. We compare the time dependent model single star and system luminosity function in the central cluster region with the observational Hyades and Pleiades luminosity functions and find no evidence for different dynamical properties of stellar systems at birth in the Hyades, Pleiades and Galactic field stellar samples. The observed proportion of binary stars in the very young Trapezium Cluster is consistent with the early dynamical evolution of a cluster with a very high initial stellar number density.


This paper applies KSF analysis to compare four kinds of the common efficacy of AIDS drug cocktail therapy. First we decided on relevant key factors, Secondly the AIDS patients will be divided into different groups of patients according to the key factors and we choose young patients who are having serious illness from the groups as our research subject. Then we make four models about curative effect of AIDS" cocktails" therapies direct at the group of younger patients who are having serious AIDS by the theory of multiple regression analysis. Finally, we compare four AIDS cocktail therapies and solve the model by SPSS statistics software, thereby we provide a method to get the best plan for medical treatment for "young serious illness group".


There is a tremendous potential of nongovernmental investment. It has become a focus to bring out nongovernmental investment to widen the internal demand. In order to guarantee a steady increase in economy in our country some concrete measures must be made and issued for nongovernmental investment.


The paper presents the incunable collection of the ELTE University Library, which is the third largest one in the country. The collection has been continuously augmented since the beginnings of the history of the library, its even now existing structure had been formed between 1879 and 1882. The apiece survey of the collection can be found in the printed catalogue that reviews and describes all the incunable collections that are in the possession of public libraries, archives and museums in Hungary. (Catalogus incunabulorum quae in bibliothecis publicis Hungariae asservantur, ediderunt Geza Sajo, Erzsebet Soltesz, I–II, Budapestini 1970 Akademiai Kiado). This is the only collection of the library that includes Hungarica prints, namely works that were printed before 31st December 1500, and they originate either from Hungary or they were written by Hungarian author. The century that followed the organization of the collection had augmented it with ca. a hundred works. Not the purchasing was the cause of this accession, but rather finding items in other storages of the library and relocating, recategorizing them.


In this paper, we address the problem of face tracking across illumination changes and occlusions. The method is based on leveraging the strengths of both Adaboost to deal with clutter and the image based parametric illumination model proposed by Kale and Jaynes. We show that a simple non-linear transformation of the Adaboost score multiplied with the illumination compensated likelihood leads to a fast robust tracking paradigm. We demonstrate the ability of our method to detect occlusions at the same time ensuring that mis-assignments between the occluder and the occluded does not occur. We present experimental results of our method on low resolution surveillance indoor and outdoor videos using an off the shelf DSP. We also demonstrate the power of the parametric illumination model for pose constrained face recognition when matching across known illumination conditions.


ABSTRACT Wartime correspondence between the conductor Sir Henry Wood and the composer Dmitrii Shostakovich marks the earliest point of Anglo-Soviet musical exchange at the highest artistic levels. Though short-lived due to Wood's death in 1944, the correspondence shows how genuine warmth and mutual regard could coexist with a relationship that was brokered by government officials. Other archive sources around them reveal the varying shades of cynicism and sincerity that underpinned the whole project of wartime cultural exchange between Britain and the USSR. Though this rendered Anglo-Soviet connections inescapably underpinned by political motivations, it could not prevent genuine artistic and personal relationships from forming, albeit on a limited basis. The result, in this case, was a brief correspondence that acted as a crucial element of goodwill in Anglo-Soviet diplomacy during the war.


A method of forming an aminated pyrrole comprising reacting a pyrrole compound of Formula IV: ** (See formula) ** wherein R1 is selected from H, alkyl, aralkyl, OR1 ', OC (O) R1 '', OC (O) OR1 ', OC (O) NR1''R1' ', OS (O) 2R1' '' ', and OS (O) 2NR1''R1' ' in which the R1 'groups' and R1 '' can each independently be H, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclo, or cycloalkyl groups, or may be taken together to form a cycloalkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic, any of which may be optionally substituted, and the group R1 '' '' is defined as an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclo, or cycloalkyl; -SCH3, -OC (= O) R21, -S (= O) R22, -SO2R22, -SO2NR24R25, -CO2R21, -C (= O) NR24R25, -NH2, -NR24R25, -NR21SO2 NR24R25, -NR21SO2R22, - NR24C (= O) R25, -NR24CO2R25, -NR21C (= O) NR24R25, halogen, nitro, or cyano; A is selected from R2X or E, where X is selected from -O-, -OC (= O) -, -S-, -S (= O) -, -SO2 -, - C (= O) - , -CO2-, -NR10-, -NR10C (= O) -, -NR10C (= O) NR11-, -NR10CO2-, -NR10SO2-, -NR10SO2NR11-, -SO2NR10-, -C (= O) NR10- , halogen, nitro, and cyano, or X is absent; and E is an electron withdrawing group; or R1, taken together with A, can form a saturated ring or heterocyclic aromatic or unsaturated optionally substituted; R2 is selected from: (i) hydrogen, provided that R2 is not hydrogen if X is -S (= O) -, -SO2-, -NR10CO2-, or -NR10SO2-; (Ii) alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl optionally substituted with up to four R26; (Iii) aryl and heteroaryl optionally substituted with up to three R27; (Iv) heterocyclo and cycloalkyl optionally substituted with keto (= O), up to three R27, and / or having a carbon-carbon bridge of 3 to 4 carbon atoms; or (v) -C (O) Rb where Rb is H, OH, alkyl, aralkyl, halo, ORb ', OC (O) Rb', OC (O) ORb ', OC (O) NRbRb '', OS (O) Rb ', OS (O) NRbRb', and Rb and Rb '' are each independently selected from H, alkyl, aralkyl, heterocyclo or cycloalkyl, or Rb and Rb 'together form a cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocycle; however R2 is absent if X is halogen, nitro or cyano; R3 is selected from H, OH, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, -O- (C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl), cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aralkyl, acyl, carbalkoxy, carboxamido, cyano, halogen, amine, substituted amine, NO2, OR3 ', CH2OR3', CH2NR3R3 '', CH2SR3 ', OC (O) R3', OC (O) OR3 '', OC (O) NR3''R3 ' '' ', OS (O) 2R3', and OS (O) 2NR3''R3 ''; R3 '' and R3 '' groups are each independently H, alkyl, aralkyl, heterocycle, cycloalkyl, or aryl; or R3 '' and R3 '' when taken together may form a cycloalkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic, any of which may be optionally substituted; R21, R24, R25 and are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocyclo, and substituted heterocyclo; R10 and R11 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, heterocyclo, and substituted heterocyclo; R22 is selected from alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, or substituted heterocycle; R26 is selected from halogen, trifluoromethyl, haloalkoxy, keto (= O), nitro, cyano, -SR28, -OR28, -NR28R29, -NR28SO2, -NR28SO2R29, -SO2R28, -SO2NR28R29, -CO2R28, -C (= O) R28, -C (= O) R28R29, -OC (= O) R28, -OC (= O) NR28R29, -NR28C (= O) R29, -NR28CO2R29, = N-OH, = NO-alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one to three R27; cycloalkyl optionally substituted with keto (= O), one to three R27, or having a carbon-carbon bridge of 3 to 4 carbon atoms; and heterocyclo optionally substituted with keto (= O), one to three R27, or having a carbon-carbon bridge of 3 to 4 carbon atoms; wherein R28 and R29 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, and heterocycle C3-7, or they may be taken together to form a C3-7 heterocycle; and wherein each R28 and R29 in turn is optionally substituted with up to two of alkyl, alkenyl, halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylthio, phenyl, benzyl, phenyloxy, and benzyloxy; R27 is selected from alkyl R32, and C1-4alkyl substituted with one to three R32, wherein each R32 group is independently selected from halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, -SR30, -OR30, -NR30R31, -NR30SO2 , -NR30SO2R31, -SO2R30, -SO2NR30R31, -CO2R30, -C (= O) R30, -C (= O) NR30R31, -OC (= O) R30, -OC (= O) NR30R31, -NR30C (= O ) R31, -NR30CO2R31, and a carbocyclic ring or heterocyclic 3 to 7 membered optionally substituted with alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, nitro, amino, or cyano, wherein R30 and R31 each is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, C3-7cycloalkyl, and heterocycle, or may be taken together to form a C3-7 heterocycle; and D is selected from the group consisting of -CHO, CN, -CORp, -C (= O) ORP, or RQC (O) NH-, where Rp and Rq are each independently selected from H or C1-C6 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or halogenated alkyl; with chloramine in the presence of a base to form a compound of Formula V: ** (See formula) **


The shift in defense strategy towards more rapid power projection and deployment drives a need for improved transport rotorcraft mission effectiveness. More efficient cargo handling during sling load operations will decrease time in hover, thereby reducing overall mission timelines. Furthermore, less fuel expenditure in hover will increase the effective mission range. In addition, expected improvements in pilot situational awareness will increase safety during these precise rotorcraft handling operations. This is particularly applicable for naval operations during adverse sea states. This paper outlines a concept for a vision system to improve rotorcraft external cargo handling operations. It presents the operational concept, sensor characteristics, image processing approach, pilot display format, and demonstration strategy.


We describe a diffraction grating experiment for visible and microwave optics. The groove spacing for the visible-optics grating is determined through atomic force microscopy, so that an additional feature, the blaze angle, is revealed. From the blaze angle, students calculate the theoretical shift in the diffraction pattern and are then able to visualize this shift through measurements of a microwave diffraction pattern produced using a macroscopic grating. The experiment demonstrates the utility of an atomic force microscope in an engineering application and allows separation of diffraction pattern effects associated with slit width and slit spacing.


Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are no longer limited to the classic venereal diseases. A great number of viral and bacterial infections can be transmitted by sexual intercourse. Changes in social structures and advances in medicine in recent decades have resulted in greater liberality among the heterosexual and homosexual populations. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has introduced a new dimension to discussions on sexual behavior.


Purpose of review Targeted therapy in melanoma is well established for patients with tumors harboring BRAFV600 mutations, but less so for other molecularly defined subsets. In this review, emerging preclinical, genomic, and early clinical data are discussed regarding the use of mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) pathway inhibitors in other molecular subsets of melanoma. Recent findings There are now four well defined subsets of melanoma based on The Cancer Genome Atlas: BRAF driven, NRAS driven, NF1 mutant, and 'triple wild type'. The former three subtypes predict signaling through the MAPK pathway and sensitivity to inhibitors of this pathway's mediators. With ongoing translation of preclinical findings into clinical trials, there is great hope that these strategies will improve the care of patients who fall into these other molecular subsets. Summary A more comprehensive understanding of genetically defined subtypes of melanoma is emerging. Efforts in the clinic are already underway, but additional, well designed trials of MAPK-targeted therapy planned and needed.


DYF-1 is a highly conserved protein. Our results demonstrate that DYF-1 is a canonical subunit of IFT particle complex B and strongly support the hypothesis that the IFT machinery has species- and tissue-specific variations with functional ramifications.


Graphite oxide (GO) powder was irradiated in a microwave oven and lightweight expanded graphite oxide (EGO) powder with high BET surface area 1316 m 2 /g was obtained. Activation of EGO was performed by impregnation in KOH solution and high temperature treatment under Ar flow, followed by annealing in vacuum (t-EGO). KOH acted more as a reducing agent diminishing the defects than as a surface modifier for high porosity. EGO and t-EGO were further decorated with Ag nanoparticles (~40 nm) applying solar light irradiation. Along with Ag deposition the structural defects of the graphene were reduced upon photo-irradiation. It was established that among the bare graphenes the EGO exhibited the highest capacitance. From the Ag-containing composites, the KOH activated EGO acted as a supercapacitor, while the non-activated EGO as a resistant.


Post-pollination processes governing mating patterns in Trillium, a well-known genus of insect-pollinated woodland herbs, are poorly understood. Mechanisms influencing outcrossing were investigated in T. grandiflorumand T. erectum, two widespread species native to eastern North America. In southern Ontario, Canada, the two species are often sympatric; they flower in early May, and are pollinated by diAerent assemblages of insects. Controlled cross- and selfpollinations and structural observations of pollen germination and pollen tube growth were conducted to determine whether the two species possess a self-incompatibility (SI) system and, if so, the specific site(s) of self-rejection. Controlled pollinations indicated that both species set significantly more seeds from cross-pollination than self-pollination, implicating the action of SI. This was confirmed by structural studies which demonstrated that selfrecognition and rejection reactions occurred on dry-type stigmatic papillae. Observations of pollen hydration revealed that self-rejection was rapid, being initiated within 10 min of pollination and prior to pollen tube emergence. Final selfrejection resulted in failure of pollen tube growth at the base of stigmatic papillae. SI was expressed more weakly in T. erectum and thereby resulted in considerable self-seed set in some individuals. Estimates of outcrossing rates using allozyme markers indicated that T. erectum displayed a mixed-mating system whereas T. grandiflorum was more highly outcrossed. Structural studies of pollen traits indicated that the two species diAered with respect to the size of grains and their aggregation with implications for pollen dispersal and mating. The ecological and evolutionary implications of the variable expression of SI in Trillium are discussed. # 2001 Annals of Botany Company


Many people's lifestyles and goals have altered as a result of the pandemic, and their buying habits have shifted as well. The goal of this study is to determine the post-pandemic change in women's online buying preferences. The study influenced the influence of the pandemic on e-commerce across industries to discover online women consumers' priorities in online buying preferences. Shopping got more comfortable for consumers as a result of the availability of more digital touch points and an increase in the available time. Still, it also became more challenging for marketers to keep track of everything. Customers are continually exposed to the option to make purchases, whether on social media, reading their email, or watching YouTube videos. Because of this, marketers must create an Omni channel presence to be at the front of consumers' minds wherever they are. Spearman correlation, ANOVA, and percentage analysis have been used for the statistical analysis. The study found that people anticipate a wide variety of alternative payment choices from online shopping as they do more and more of their shopping online. Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) industry is growing alongside general e-commerce as a whole. Nowadays, consumers expect everything to be delivered to their doorsteps. Millennials and Gen Z consumers continue to rely on influencers for product discovery and deciding which brands to believe in. Specifically, consumers now often look for recommendations from social media influencers who could only have a limited, niche audience. As consumers increasingly opt for digital channels for browsing and buying, brands need to make sure that their digital experience is on par with what someone would get in the store.


One-dimensional semiconductor nanowires are considered to be promising materials for future nanoelectronic applications. However, before these nanowires can be integrated into such devices, a thorough understanding of their growth behaviour is necessary. In particular, methods that allow the control over nanowire growth are deemed especially important, as it is these methods that will enable the control of nanowire dimensions such as length and diameter. The production of nanowires with high-aspect ratios is vital in order to take advantage of the unique properties experienced at the nanoscale, thus allowing us to maximise their use in next-generation electronics. Additionally, the development of low-resistivity interconnects is desirable in order to connect such nanowires in multi-nanowire components. Consequently, this book aims to discuss the synthesis and characterisation of semiconductor nanowires and metal interconnects, as they apply to future electronics applications.


Algae are gaining increasing interest as a feedstock for sustainable biofuels production — but what are the real promises and challenges for production at commercial scale? BioFPR Managing Editor Mara Staffilani interviews Al Darzins, Group Manager and Principal Researcher at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in the USA,and Raffaello Garofalo, Secretary General of the European Biodiesel Board (EBB). To listen to the full interview please go to: http://www.biofpr.com/podcasts


A major issue concerning the design and implementation of an acquisition system for digital images of skin lesions is the ability of capturing reproducible images. The reproducibility is considered essential for image analysis classification and for the comparison of sequential images during follow-up studies. This paper describes a complete image acquisition system used for the collection of reproducible images of patients having melanoma and compares them with images displaying dysplastic nevus for diagnostic purposes. The system includes a standardized illumination and capturing geometry with polarizing filters and a series of software corrections: Calibration to Black, White, Internal and External camera parameters, Shading correction and Median filtering. The validity of the calibration procedure and the ability of the implemented system to produce reproducible images were tested by capturing sample images in 3 different lighting conditions of the surrounding environment: dark, medium and intense lighting. For each case the average values of the three-color planes RGB and their standard deviations were calculated and the measured error differences ranged between 0,4 and 13,2 (in the 0-255 scale). Preliminary experiments for stereo measurements provided repeatability of about 0.3mm. The above numbers demonstrate the reproducibility of the captured images at a satisfactory level.


Subject area
Marketing; Business Expansion Strategy

Case synopsis
Rahul Hazarika, the owner of One Stop Kitchen (OSK), was convinced that expansion of his cloud kitchen had to be aligned at various fronts to compete. He was juggling with thoughts of expanding from B2C to B2B model, whether to expand in the same city or other cities or to introduce new variants in existing B2C so as to use and leverage the existing customer base and network. The competition was growing ablaze, and most of the orders were procured from the third-party aggregators, leaving little chance for OSK to connect to its customer base directly. The growth potential in this upcoming sector was undeniable, and Hazarika was continually trying to bring in relevant business practices to maintain the momentum. The case deals growing cloud kitchen business problems and covers business concepts such as business expansion strategy, product profiling and marketing strategies.

Learning objectives
Students will understand strategies for a Online startup Business in the Cloud Kitchen category. The concept of Product Profiling is also dealt with in the case.

Complexity academic level
Suitable for PG- and Executive-level courses.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.


Microelement background availability in the Krasnoyarsk region soils is considered in the article. It is shown that the region soils are depleted in the microelements in comparison with the analogues from other regions of the country. Insufficient soil microelement availability reduces their bioavailability to the plants.


his study evaluates innovative marketing strategies and the sales of T foundry products in Nigeria using primary data collected from 43 foundries spread across the country. The research examines the application of marketing mix strategies in the sales of local foundry as well as the role of government in the sales of foundry products. The study tests five hypotheses using panel logistic regression, and the findings show significant relationship between product quality and sales of foundry product, price and sales of foundry products, promotion and sales of foundry product, government policy and sales of foundry products. However, there is no significant relationship between place and sales of foundry products. In this light, the study suggested among others, the application of local contents to the entire country and tying the public procurement act to local content policy. In addition, foundry manufacturers should embark on conscious and meticulous planning of their marketing strategies, with particular emphasis on promotional activity. This would create the necessary awareness, as well as help in mapping out successful strategies to counter government unfavorable policies.


In a recent paper (MNRAS 458, 4122 (2016)) K. Horne examined the effect of a conformally coupled scalar field (referred to as Higgs field) on the Mannheim-Kazanas metric $g_{\mu\nu}$, i.e. the static spherically symmetric metric within the context of conformal gravity (CG), and studied its effect on the rotation curves of galaxies. He showed that for a Higgs field of the form $S(r) = S_0 a/(r + a)$, where $a$ is a radial length scale, the equivalent Higgs-frame Mannheim-Kazanas metric $\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu} = \Omega^2 g_{\mu\nu}$, with $\Omega = S(r)/S_{0}$, lacks the linear $\gamma r$ term, which has been employed in the fitting of the galactic rotation curves without the need to invoke dark matter. In this brief note we point out that the representation of the Mannheim-Kazanas metric in a gauge where it lacks the linear term has already been presented by others, including Mannheim and Kazanas themselves, without the need to introduce a conformally coupled Higgs field. Furthermore, Horne argues that the absence of the linear term resolves the issue of light bending in the wrong direction, i.e. away from the gravitating mass, if $\gamma r > 0$ in the Mannheim-Kazanas metric, a condition necessary to resolve the galactic dynamics in the absence of dark matter. In this case we also point out that the elimination of the linear term is not even required because the sign of the $\gamma r$ term in the metric can be easily reversed by a simple gauge transformation, and also that the effects of this term are indeed too small to be observed.


Creating important products and services which fit the material and spiritual needs of people, forming all civil and proper activities of people applicatively and being the main sources of their general needs, social spheres are the key factors of economical growth. As social spheres are intensely related to human factors, the sustainability of human development is a key condition in this context. The multiple challenges in human life, the protection of the minimum life standards, meet the increasing demands via affordable ways and other related issues require to form a proper social system. The article concerns about the social spheres, their present situation and demographic changes in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic living blockade.


The number of outdoor gym equipment (OGE) installed in parks has increased to encourage physical activity and social interactions among city dwellers. However, little is known about perceptions of and experiences with OGE ergonomics and safety. Therefore, this study aims to reveal people's ergonomic and safety experiences and perceptions about OGE. While the research universe consisted of individuals doing physical exercises in parks with OGE in Sakarya city, the sample was composed of a total of 359 people, 215 males and 144 females, selected using the convenience sampling method. The results showed that although the main purpose of the park-goers is not to use OGE, most of the participants thought that OGE use is not safe. Participants also reported that they had experienced various injuries while using OGE. Overall, although OGE seems to contribute to the healthy living needs of people, the relevant bodies may undertake improvements to increase their ergonomics and safety. In addition, it reveals the necessity of providing necessary trainings for the conscious use of OGE by users and having user quidebooks on OGE. Future research may reveal OGE-oriented behaviors and actual physical activity findings of OGE users. Finally, further research is encouraged to identify the health effects and safety-related issues of OGE.


The research focuses on the characteristic features of the modern development in the cooperative sector in the agro-industrial complex of North American and European countries, taking into account the existing differences in legislation, national traditions, local differences, and the importance of the cooperative movement to search for effective responses to the new challenges of globalization of the economic space. The purpose of the work is to identify the most significant achievements and features inherent in the cooperative sector in the agro-industrial complex of the USA, Canada, France, and Spain. The paper presents quantitative data characterizing the level of development of cooperation in individual countries and the legislative framework for the functioning of agricultural cooperatives. The areas of activity of the largest cooperatives and measures for state support of the development of the cooperative movement in the USA, Canada, France, and Spain are considered. As a result, conclusions were formulated reflecting the significance of the contribution of cooperatives to the economic and financial stability of countries in the context of globalization, to the creation of jobs and increasing the innovative potential of business.


A low-speed measuring and analyzing system for USM was established based on virtual instrumentation.It was mainly concentrated on testing low-speed and analyzing electrical parameters for USM,resolving the difficulties of low-speed tests by designing methods,filter and fit.System structure,software design,and experiment are discussed in details in the article.The experiment proved that the system is simple and practical,and it realizes reliable low-speed test and analysis.


87 p. plates. 20 cm. "Staged in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the establishment of Presbyterianism in the region of Old Mecklenberg."


The perturbative renormalization of the Ginzburg–Landau model is reconsidered based on the Feynman diagram technique. We derive renormalization group (RG) flow equations, exactly calculating all vertices appearing in the perturbative renormalization of the ϕ 4 model up to the ε 3 order of the ε -expansion. In this case, the ϕ 2 , ϕ 4 , ϕ 6 , and ϕ 8 vertices appear. All these vertices are relevant. We have tested the expected basic properties of the RG flow, such as the semigroup property. Under repeated RG transformation R s , appropriately represented RG flow on the critical surface converges to certain s –independent fixed point. The Fourier–transformed two–point correlation function G ( k ) has been considered. Although the ε -expansion of X ( k ) = 1 /G ( k ) is well defined on the critical surface, we have revealed an inconsistency of the perturbative method with the exact rescaling of X ( k ), represented as an expansion in powers of k at k → 0. We have discussed also some aspects of the perturbative renormalization of the two–point correlation function slightly above the critical point. Apart from the ε –expansion, we have tested and briefly discussed also a modified approach, where the ϕ 4 coupling constant u is the expansion parameter at a fixed spatial dimensionality d .


Aims:  To quantify microbial contamination on kitchen and bathroom surfaces (fomites) in rural Cambodian homes and to compare these concentrations to similar data from the United States and Japan.


What do you think Noddy, Usain Bolt and an undercover secret agent have in common? The answer is a puppet show devised by talented pupils at leading ...


This articles explores ideological paradigm of Russian Orthodoxy in the PostSoviet times, examining particularly Orthodoxy-Fundamentalism, Nationalism, Russian Orthodox Geopolitical Metaphor. This article examines the ideas of the religious essence, above all Russian Orthodoxy, and the religio-political strategies of the Russian Orthodox Church as a politics of discourse focused on the concept in State, Society, Nation mind. Chapter Ⅱ examines historical ideas and role - State, Society, and the Orthodoxy. Chapter Ⅲ review Russian Orthodox ideas and the relations between the State and church. Chapter Ⅳ analyzes Russian Orthodox history, political metaphor, and Russian nationalism. Chapter Ⅴ retrospects Russian Orthodox fundamentalism, Neo-panslavism, Europeanism, Neo-Orthodox Communism, Neo-Eurasianism. This paper attempts broaden and deepen similar interpretations of the major Orthodoxy in the trace of historical ideas, Russian Orthodox ideology after collapse of USSR. The main goal of this paper is to overview the contemporary Russian Orthodoxy through the diversified discourse and geopolitical thinking from an Orthodox form of Christianity. In this context, I mainly discussed the meaning of the Orthodox Fundamentalism and the connection between Orthodox Fundamentalism and the russian nationalism. Russian Orthodox fundamentalists's stand for the restoration of autocracy, a state structure on the imperial model, restrictions on the Jews and confession other than Orthodoxy, the status of state church for the Russian Orthodox Church. They have the rejection of the concepts of democracy and human rights, opposition to any forms western influence within the country and struggle against such influence beyond Russia's border. This paper also traces Orthodox nationalists. They hold various views of Islam, they almost agreed that Russia should remain neutral in the perceived war between Islam and the West. The aim of this article is to present a brief overview of the treatment in Orthodoxy's culture and the ideological process for the formation Russian society. This paper mainly deals with the significance and the role of Russian Orthodox Church's present position and focuss on resurrections of the ideological metaphor in PostSoviet Russia nowadays, and understandings of religion as function and ideology by presenting Russian-Orthodoxy related the variety of ideological forms and the its differentiation.


AbstractHigh utility pattern mining is an emerging research topic in the data mining field. Unlike frequent pattern mining, high utility pattern mining deals with non-binary databases, in which the information about purchased quantities of items is maintained. Due to the non-existence of anti-monotone property among the utilities of itemsets, utility mining becomes a big challenge. Moreover, discovering useful patterns from the huge number of potential patterns is a mining bottleneck. However, the compact (Closed and Maximal) high utility pattern mining moderately lessens the number of patterns, but it does not solve it. Recently, an efficient framework called GUIDE, was proposed in the literature to address this issue. Though, GUIDE effectively reduced the number of high utility patterns, yet the quality of few mined patterns and their utilities are not exact. In view of this, we propose a modified MGUIDELM algorithm to improve the quality and determine exact utilities of maximal patterns.


In neonatal rats, a systemic loss of 5‐HT exaggerates the drop in arterial blood pressure (BP) during severe hypoxia. In adult animals, intermittent hypoxia or asphyxia (IA) leads to a long‐termt increase in ventilation (VE), sympathetic activity and BP (long‐term facilitation, LTF). The consequences of a central loss of 5‐HT on the acute BP response to asphyxia and the long‐term regulation of BP have not been studied in the neonatal period. We hypothesized that 1) a partial loss of 5‐HT neurons increases the drop in BP during asphyxia; 2) BP increases following IA; and 3) the hypertension and respiratory LTF following IA would be reduced in 5‐HT‐deficient pups. We utilized 2 week‐old Sprague Dawley rats treated i.c.v. with 5,7‐dihydroxytryptamine (n=11), lesioning 39% of brainstem 5‐HT neurons. Littermate controls were injected with saline (CTRL, n=12). We measured VE with the barometric method and BP with a femoral artery catheter. Heart rate (HR) was derived from BP. After 15 min in room air, animals were exposed to 20 1‐min challenges of moderate asphyxia (10% O2, 5% CO2) followed by 1 hr in room air. A loss of 5‐HT neurons significantly reduced systolic (p=0.016), but not diastolic BP (p>0.1) compared to CTRL. 5‐HT‐deficiency reduced HR in both normoxic and asphyxic conditions (p<0.001). Surprisingly, the drop in BP during asphyxia was attenuated in 5‐HT‐deficient pups compared to CTRL (p=0.008). Systolic and mean BP increased significantly (p =0.003 and 0.045, respectively) following IA in 5‐HT‐deficient pups, but not in CTRL. A loss of 5‐HT neurons had no effect on the degree of respiratory LTF. Our results suggest that systolic BP is reduced by a partial deficiency of central 5‐HT neurons, an effect that can be reversed by IA.