The study analyses the Hungarian educational transformation process following the change of regime in 1989 on the basis of a common analytical framework elaborated by the expert team of the international comparative study "Transforming Societies of Visegrad Countries and Their Educational Systems" (led by the Institute for Research and Development of Education of the Faculty of Education of Charles University). The study presents the transformation process in ten specific areas, such as aims and functions, management and administration, financing, structural issues, quality control, school autonomy, the teaching profession, support structures and the social aspect of education. It examines the nature of the transformation process in each of theses areas using the common analytical framework distinguishing three transformational phases: (1) deconstruction, (2) stabilisation/construction/ modernisation and (3) systemic reform. It is argued, that the transformation process has progressed unevenly in these areas, and the stage of a coherent and deliberate systemic reform has not been reached in any of them. However, system evolution processes have moved the system quite close to the more advanced stage of systemic reform. The study puts a particular emphasis on the impact of the accession of the country to the European Union in the transformation process. It argues that two different transition processes have been superimposed: one from planned economy and one-party system to market economy and parliamentary democracy, and another from national sovereignty to community membership. These two different transitions made the transformation process extremely complex and made its social and political management particularly difficult. One of the main conclusions of the study is that the shift from the second phase of transformation (construction, stabilisation and modernisation) to the third phase (systemic reform) cannot be detached from europeanisation. This shift is strongly conditioned by the nature and the quality of the process of europeanisation.


The proliferation of newly developed technologies is a boon to society. At the same time, it showed the way for new types of technological crimes, particularly cybercrimes. In recent years, cybercrime becomes one of the greatest threats to humanity. Safeguarding against cybercrime is a vital part of every government. Cybercrime could be originated from any part of the world, crossing the international boundaries over the internet resulting in damages to the governments, organizations, and public. The technical and legal complexities of investigating and prosecuting these crimes are the foremost task for law enforcement agencies. Cybercrime is the most common threat for financial markets. Cyber-attacks have already caused considerable damage to retail banking, mainly through payment card scams and cyber frauds. In India, the Information Technology Act and its associated Rules and Regulations deal with cybersecurity and cybercrimes. Other laws contain some of the provisions of cybersecurity protection are the Indian Penal Code 1860 (IPC), and the Companies (Management and Administration) Rules 2014. But none of these laws is a dedicated cybersecurity law. Some sector-specific regulations like the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDA), the Department of Telecommunication (DOT), and the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) have mandated their respective entities to adhere to cybersecurity standards prescribed by the regulators. The long wait Data Protection Act with international perception is yet to be released. However, we need to fight against cyber criminals effectively to cope up with the international requirements. The salient purpose of this article is to find implementable solutions to curtail the growing menace of cybercrimes in India. Keywords― Cyber Laws, Cybercrime, Cybersecurity, Cybercriminal, Cyber-Attacks, Cyber-Frauds, Information Technology


Progressive quantization is studied for transmission over noisy channels. For a finite set of decodable transmission rates, bounds on the minimum mean-squared distortion are derived. An asympotically optimal schedule of channel code rates is derived as a function of the transmission rate.


Light yellowish loose glossy globular callus was initiated from mature zygotic embryos of loblolly pine (Pinus taeta L. ) cultured on TE medium supplemented with NAA and BA. After callus proliferation and the induction of adventitious buds were finished, the influences of phyto-hormones, low temperature treatment, and sucrose concentration on differentiation of adventitious buds were investigated. The results show that the highest differentiation frequency of ad-
ventitious buds (62. 15%) was obtained on TE medium containing 0. 4 mg. L-1 IBA and 2 mg · L-1 BA. The optimum low temperature treatment time and sucrose concentration were 5-6 weeks and 25-30 g. L-1, respectively. After elongation culture shoots more than 1 cm in height were selected to culture on rooting medium. The highest rooting frequency (46%) were obtained on TE medium with IBA, BA, and GA3.


Generating crack on concrete structure is a general phenomenon. Cracks on structure surface can be classified as reticular crack, bursting crack, small irregular crack, longitudinal crack, cross crack and oblique crack. Cracks also can be classified as loaded crack and deformation crack according to generating causes. Loaded crack is caused by dynamic load and static load and deformation crack is caused by deformation effect such as uneven settlement, temperature change, humidity change, expansion, shrinkage, creep and so on. Generally speaking, loaded crack is closely related to design and construction and deformation crack is closely related to material, mixture ratio and curing condition. Although crack is not caused by a single effect, the preventive measures can be efficiency by distinguishing the main causes.


Weyl nodes come in pairs of opposite chirality. For broken time reversal symmetry (TR) they are displaced in momentum space by Q and the anomalous DC Hall conductivity σxy is proportional to Q at charge neutrality. For finite doping there are additive corrections to σxy which depend on the chemical potential as well as on the tilt (C) of the Dirac cones and on their relative orientation. If inversion symmetry (I) is also broken the Weyl nodes are shifted in energy by an amount Q0. This introduces further changes in σxy and we provide simple analytic formulas for these modifications for both type I (C<1) and type II (1$ ?>C>1, overtilted) Weyl. For type I when the Weyl nodes have equal magnitude but oppositely directed tilts, the correction to σxy is proportional to the chemical potential μ and completely independent of the energy shift Q0. When instead the tilts are parallel, the correction is linear in Q0 and μ drops out. For type II the corrections involve both μ and Q0, are nonlinear and also involve a momentum cut off. We discuss the implied changes to the Nernst coefficient and to the thermal Hall effect of a finite Q0.


Experimental data was obtained characterizing the machinability behavior of glass ceramic material (K2O-MgF2-MgO-SiO2). To determine how this material can be processed under production conditions an economic model was developed using Taylor's equations. A machining parameter was ultimately established with a minimum cost per unit while achieving a maximum production rate.


Wound care is an essential nursing competency, where dressing change is an important component. Compliance with aseptic procedures and techniques is necessary to reduce the risk of infection. Proficiency in the skills can be developed through adequate practice. In this paper, use of virtual reality is proposed to provide more practice opportunity. An immersive virtual environment is developed to simulate the steps of changing a simple wound dressing. Positive comments are obtained from an initial user study on usability with an experienced nurse and an undergraduate nursing student. Comprehensive evaluation will be conducted to further improve the simulation.


This paper presents the design and implementation of the output power control circuit for a signal generator from 3GHz to 6GHz, which is achieved with automatic level control (ALC) technique using voltage variable attenuator. The performance of the ALC loop is simulated and optimized by using commercial EDA software. The digital control system consisting of PC, MCU and DAC is designed to calibrate the output power of ALC by calibration routine. The testing results indicate that the ALC loop circuit possesses good performance within the operating frequency range from 3GHz to 6GHz, the input dynamic range as large as 28dB and the output power variation lower than 0.1dB. The measured results show that the developed ALC loop circuit is good enough to be applied into the output power control for signal generator in microwave frequency band.


Objective. Analysis of results of radiofrequency laser ablation and crossectomy with stripping in patients, suffering varicose disease of the lower extremities veins in ectasias, sizing more than 14 mm in saphenofemoral and saphenopopliteal junctions.
Materials and methods. Analysis of the treatment results was conducted for 66 patients, among whom there were 46 women. Average age of the patients have constituted 54.7 yrs. The patients were divided into three groups: the first - 22 patients, in whom crossectomy with stripping was accomplished, the second - 21 patients, in whom endovenous laser ablation was done, and the third - 23 patients, in whom radiofrequency ablation was performed. Level of the pain intensity was estimated during 7 days, dynamics of severity of chronic venous insufficiency, presence of complications and recurrences half a year postoperatively.
Results. Severity of chronic venous insufficiency have reduced in 6 mo in all the groups under the influence of treatment: in the first group - by 63.8%, in second - by 50.1%, in the third - by 65.3%. The most reduction of the pain level (by 50%) on the second day postoperatively were registered in patients of the third group. Half a year before a recurrence in the first group have occurred in 4 (18.2%) patients, in the second - in 3 (14.3%), and in the third - in 1 (4.3%) patients.
Conclusion. The selected methods of surgical treatment for varicose disease of the lower extremities are effective. In presence of ectasias of saphenofemoral and saphenopopliteal junctions the morbidity and recurrence rates were lowered, the pain indices reduced after the radiofrequency ablation application, comparing with endovenous laser ablation and crossectomy with stripping.


Following the theory underlying dogmatism authors hypothesized that there would be significant differences in the influence of nine sources of career advice between highly dogmatic and low dogmatic students' choice of accounting as a career. For 72 accounting students as subjects there were significant differences between highly dogmatic and low dogmatic students in the influence of five sources of career advice. These five sources were viewed as 'authoritative-type' sources, while the other four for which there were no significant differences, the sources were perhaps viewed by the students as non-authoritative.


Carcinoembryonic Ag-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), the primordial carcinoembryonic Ag gene family member, is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule expressed in leukocytes, epithelia, and blood vessel endothelia in humans and rodents. As a result of differential splicing, CEACAM1 occurs as several isoforms, the two major ones being CEACAM1-L and CEACAM1-S, that have long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domains, respectively. The L:S expression ratios vary in different cells and tissues. In addition to CEACAM1, human but not rodent cells express GPI-linked CEACAM members (CEACAM5–CEACAM8). We compared the expression patterns of CEACAM1-L, CEACAM1-S, CEACAM6, and CEACAM8 in purified populations of neutrophilic granulocytes, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes from rats, mice, and humans. Human granulocytes expressed CEACAM1, CEACAM6, and CEACAM8, whereas human B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes expressed only CEACAM1 and CEACAM6. Whereas granulocytes, B cells, and T cells from mice and rats expressed both CEACAM1-L and CEACAM1-S in ratios of 2.2–2.9:1, CEACAM1-S expression was totally lacking in human granulocytes, B cells, and T cells. Human leukocytes only expressed the L isoforms of CEACAM1. This suggests that the GPI-linked CEACAM members have functionally replaced CEACAM1-S in human leukocytes. Support for the replacement hypothesis was obtained from experiments in which the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk)1/2 were activated by anti-CEACAM Abs. Thus, Abs against CEACAM1 activated Erk1/2 in rat granulocytes, but not in human granulocytes. Erk1/2 in human granulocytes could, however, be activated by Abs against CEACAM8. We demonstrated that CEACAM1 and CEACAM8 are physically associated in human granulocytes. The CEACAM1/CEACAM8 complex in human cells might accordingly play a similar role as CEACAM1-L/CEACAM1-S dimers known to occur in rat cells.


The present work was carried out for four Actinomycetes SN-1, SN-2, SN-3 and SN-4 isolated from soil samples of agricultural fields near University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka. Isolates were subjected for the screening of antimicrobial analysis by the cross streak method. Among four isolates the strain SN-3 has shown good antimicrobial activity. Morphological characterization by scanning electron microscopic analysis followed by physiological and biochemical characterizations were performed. The potent strain was identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequence (987 bp) and a phylogenetic tree was correlated with other species Streptomyces spp and finally, the strain was confirmed and identified as Streptomyces gancidicus SN-3.


This is the second article in a four-part series on management. Upon completion of this article, the reader will understand: 1) the external forces affecting the health care industry; 1) the current challenges of health care management; 3) competition in the health care marketplace,· 4) the current staffing crisis in medical imaging; and 5) future trends in health care management. Whether the result of strategic planning or external forces, change within the health care industry will remain a fundamental reality in the daily operation of our professional lives as medical imaging managers. There is no looking back to simpler days when traditional fee-for-service insurance programs, manageable government spending, and static technology governed a slower, more predictable health care environment. The information revolution coupled with its corollary rise in the pace of technological change and medical advancement, continues to impact against rapidly constrained resources and an ever-aging adult population. Health care administration today must embrace these external realities and consciously manage creative strategies in order for our industry to successfully meet our patients' needs well into the 21st century. The role and function of management in health care has changed dramatically over the past decade, primarily due to economic and social forces external to the health care industry. Department administrators are now expected to possess necessary management education in addition to the hospital's traditional reliance on technical skill and experience. These changes in managerial expectations are creating temporary shifts in the labor market for health care managers. Concurrently, the rapidly approaching shortage in technical staffing stands to become the most significant challenge facing health care management now and into the year 2000.


Analysis of steady impact vibrations taking into account both the elastic and plastic behaviors of colliding bodies is undertaken by approximate solutions. Impact vibrating system is the same as one of the 1st report. Namely, hysteresis loop characteristics for restitutional force of the system are assumed to be composed of three straight-line segments. The resonance curves and the impact duration time curves are obtained for the amplitude versus the frequency ratios with respect to several fixed exciting forces and the non-dimensional duration time in one period of its vibration versus the frequency ratios with respect to characteristics for restitutional force, respectively. Some numerical results of the approximate solution are compared with those of the exact solution introduced in the 1st report and those obtained from an analog computer.


This paper addresses the problem of minimization of a nonsmooth function under general nonsmooth constraints when no derivatives of the objective or constraint functions are available. We introduce the mesh adaptive direct search (MADS) class of algorithms which extends the generalized pattern search (GPS) class by allowing local exploration, called polling, in an asymptotically dense set of directions in the space of optimization variables. This means that under certain hypotheses, including a weak constraint qualification due to Rockafellar, MADS can treat constraints by the extreme barrier approach of setting the objective to infinity for infeasible points and treating the problem as unconstrained.

The main GPS convergence result is to identify limit points $\hat{x}$, where the Clarke generalized derivatives are nonnegative in a finite set of directions, called refining directions. Although in the unconstrained case, nonnegative combinations of these directions span the whole space, the fact that there can only be finitely many GPS refining directions limits rigorous justification of the barrier approach to finitely many linear constraints for GPS. The main result of this paper is that the general MADS framework is flexible enough to allow the generation of an asymptotically dense set of refining directions along which the Clarke derivatives are nonnegative.

We propose an instance of MADS for which the refining directions are dense in the hypertangent cone at $\hat{x}$ with probability 1 whenever the iterates associated with the refining directions converge to a single $\hat{x}$. The instance of MADS is compared to versions of GPS on some test problems. We also illustrate the limitation of our results with examples.


The growth in the consumption of audiovisual content over the Internet continues to grow year after year, thus users from around the world need that content is available for their connection and device needs. The concept of adaptive bitrate streaming appeared a few years ago and is a technique that allows to adjust the audiovisual content flow to each user. MPEG-DASH is the standard that was created to unify the various existing adaptive streaming proprietary techniques. This work consists firstly of a study of the standard, allowing subsequently creating a closed platform for distribution of MPEG-DASH audiovisual content. This platform, which will be formed by different software as a packager and several clients, allow us to evaluate the quality stream-switching algorithms. The platform will be created, allowing us to generate MPEG-DASH effective content from any original video. Moreover an evaluation of the quality stream-switching algorithms that implements the clients according to different network conditions and providing improvements to some of the situations will be performed.


By placing a fairly large number of electrodes in a layer of liquid and with proper boundary conditions an electrical analogue may be constructed that is representative for diffusion of mass or energy through a medium with internal gains or losses. It Is shown that the results obtained with such an electrical analogue are in agreement with the ones exacted by a theoretical treatment of such problems for diffusion in one dimension, this being applicable to gaseous diffusion in soils.

It is also shown that this method may be used to obtain information on temperature distribution in cases of heat transfer where heat is being generated or lost in the medium through which it diffuses by conduction. A specific example of such an instance has been examined and numerical values are given.


Dietary restriction (DR) is known to have a potent and conserved longevity effect, yet its underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. DR modulates signaling pathways in response to nutrient status, a process that also regulates animal development. Here, we show that the suppression of Wnt signaling, a key pathway controlling development, is required for DR‐induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that DR induces the expression of mir‐235, which inhibits cwn‐1/WNT4 expression by binding to the 3′‐UTR. The "switch‐on" of mir‐235 by DR occurs at the onset of adulthood, thereby minimizing potential disruptions in development. Our results therefore implicate that DR controls the adult lifespan by using a temporal microRNA switch to modulate Wnt signaling.


THE subject is a large one requiring pages to amplify, with a mind capable of broad survey of health work. A well rounded health department is an organization that moves along, accomplishing the things essential to the betterment of community health in a broad and tactful way, keeping in mind that the success of the work hinges on educating the public in all the aspects of preventive medicine. As intimated the subject is very extensive, too much so for the essayist, who acknowledges his limitations. The subject of preventive medicine and the application of the principles reach out into the life of every individual. It centers there, having for the object just one aim, to conserve life, by health promotion. The conservation of life begins before birth and extends well into the age of senility. The ideal of a health department then, is the reduction of the death rate to the attainable minimum, correspondent to environment, with two points of consideration-intelligence and topographical surroundings. With this vision kept in mind, the requirements of a health department are multitudinous, permeating into all the activities of society, individually and collectively, necessitating men and women acquainted with the human traits of character as well as trained in the science of public health. The administration of a health department may be classified under two headings-Touch and Mechanics: that of touch as it relates to contact; mechanics to the art of practical application. While there may be occasions for drastic measures, force as an instrument of obtaining compliance with health laws tends to antagonize. In former times it was necessary for the health officer to command obedience to health statutes and he very often had to resort to warrants of arrest to compel his orders, but now, as a result of the great advances made in preventive medicine, which have been widely diffused through educational channels the' public understand the importance of dise,ase control, making such a step seldom necessary. The better way is by harmonizing the department to the environment, keeping in mind that it exists as an educational institution, that its development is gradual, and that patience with persuasion and time will accomplish gratifying results. There is one point of significance which should be kept constantly before the personnel of a health department, that is, that a health department operates for all, regardless of politics, race or religion. Politics should be repulsed on every hand because of the weakening influences which will eventually be brought to bear over the independence and initiative of the staff. To ignore even slightly a race of people lessens the effectiveness of a well rounded health department, while proselyting has no place on a well rounded health program. There are three classes, independent of each other, that are engaged or concerned with health promotion: the physician, the public and the health department. The three comprise the entire community and to combat disease and save life they must be brought together and work as one. We may say that the'sponsor of preventive medicine is the medical profession and unless the stamp of approval is given by this altruistic body a health unit will be as withered grass. The doctor Nmust be respected. He is respectful to a health department when the health officer and nurses remain on the ground assigned to them.


In forensic anthropology, the pelvis is the most reliable indicator of sex, followed by the skull, with several studies having used the morphometry of the orbital aperture of dry skulls to estimate sex. However, age, sex, ancestry, and evolutionary periods cause variations in orbital characteristics. In this study, we analyzed measurements of orbital fossa from adult human craniums and employed discriminant function analysis to establish a model to predict sex. A manual Vernier caliper was used to obtain measurements of the left and right orbital fossa. On comparing the measurements (including mean, minimum, and maximum), we found that all the dimensions were greater in males than in females. Wilks' lambda for the sex-discriminating model was 0.533, signifying a moderate discriminating power. The discriminant function equation was: df = −10.274 × right orbit width + 13.44 × left orbit width − 7.982 × right orbit height + 7.694 × left orbit height − 12.234 (constant). The cutoff point was (90.567− [−1.512])/2 = 1.0395. Therefore, above this value of 1.0395, cases were predicted to be male, while below it, they were predicted to be female. Orbital aperture measurements can play an important role in estimating sex from dry craniums. Orbital measurements could be a useful adjunctive test for sex estimation in forensic practice.


Recent and past observations of chemical and physical peculiarities in the atmosphere of Venus have renewed speculations about the existence of life in its clouds. To find signs of Venusian life, a dedicated astrobiological space exploration mission is required, and for this reason the Venus Life Finder mission is currently being prepared. A Venus Life Finder mission will require dedicated and specialized instruments to hunt for biosignatures and habitability indicators. In this contribution, we present the ORIGIN space instrument, a laser desorption/laser ablation ionization mass spectrometer. This instrument is designed to detect large, non-volatile molecules, specifically biomolecules such as amino acids and lipids. At the same time, it can also be used in ablation mode for elemental composition analysis. Recent studies with this space prototype instrument of amino acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, lipids, salts, metals, sulphur isotopes, and microbial elemental composition are discussed in the context of studies of biosignatures and habitability indicators in Venus's atmosphere. The implementation of the ORIGIN instrument into a Venus Life Finder mission is discussed, emphasizing the low weight and low power consumption of the instrument. An instrument design and sample handling system are presented that make optimal use of the capabilities of this instrument. ORIGIN is a highly versatile instrument with proven capabilities to investigate and potentially resolve many of the outstanding questions about the atmosphere of Venus and the presence of life in its clouds.


The article deals with one of the important issues of modern psychological science and practice mental state during the process of the learning and teaching activities. The main direction of the research is the anxiety as a state and personal property. The article submits anxiety levels in different age groups and shows the relationship of anxiety with the students learning process and the process of professional teachers formation. Thus, reducing students level of anxiety is effected by adaptation to learning at the teacher training institution and introduction to the chosen teacher profession. In the teachers group anxiety is related to professional self-determination and appears mostly as a personal quality.


A finite connected 2-complex K whose fundamental group is of cohomological dimension 2 is aspherical iff the subgroup \Sigma_K of H_2(K) consisting of spherical 2-cycles is zero. A finite connected subcomplex of an aspherical 2-complex is aspherical iff its fundamental group is of cohomological dimension 2. If G is a countable group such that extension of scalars from Z[G] to \ell_2(G) kills \bar K_0(Z[G]), and if P is a finitely generated projective Z[G]-module with P/IP=0, where I is the augmentation ideal of Z[G], then P=0. In particular, if G is a countable group of cohomological dimension 2 and P is a finitely generated projective Z[G]-module such that P/IP=0, then P=0.


The times they are a-changing. The installation of a new federal Labor government in Canberra is likely to signal some major policy shifts for vocational education and training. We already know from the ALP's election manifesto that the Rudd Education Revolution will have significant implications for the direction of VET policy. The proposal to establish a new strategic council, Skills Australia, is intended to link the productivity of the Australian economy more directly to VET policy. Skills Councils, long-ignored and, in some cases, actively hounded by the previous Coalition administration will play a more central role in the allocation of growth places in the VET system and this is likely to presage an enhanced voice for employers and unions in the overall direction-setting of the system. We look forward to the development of a new agenda for the VET system in the coming months and years.


Objective:To investigate immunological function in acute phase of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) in children. Methods: 46 children with HSP in acute phase were enrolled in this study and 30 healthy children were control group. CD3, CD4, CD8, CDI9, and CDI6+56 expression on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry, the serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgM and the complement C3, C4 were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Results: CD4 cell, CD16+56 cell and ratio of CD4/CD8 in HSP group were significantly lower than those in control group (P0.05 or P0.01), CD8, CD19 cell was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). During the acute phase of the disease in 36/46 patients (78.3%) immunological imbalances were observed. In 16/36 cases (44.4%) certain complications involving the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract were noted as opposed to in 2/10 children (20.0%) without immunologic abnormalities (P0.05). In 32/46 children (69.6%), elevated serum IgA was detected and 10/32 patients (31.3% ) developed renal involvement while only 1/14 children (7.1% ) with normal IgA concentration had renal involvement (P0.01). Conclusions: There are disorders of cellular and humoral immune in acute HSP. Patients of HSP with increased IgA concentration are prone to kidney or digestive tract complications.


Placic horizons, defined as thin, wavy, hardened layers of iron and organic matter, are rare within the United States, occurring only in Washington, Alaska, and Hawaii. While ironstone is common in many soils of the southeastern United States, it is not known to contain appreciable organic matter. As a pilot study evaluating the justification for a larger study on ironstone in Louisiana, a 40 m lateral exposure with suspected placic horizons was evaluated in Vernon Parish, Louisiana. Results of laboratory analysis show elevated levels of iron and organic matter in the suspect horizons that meet the criteria of placic horizons as defined by the Soil Survey Staff. Based on the results of this study, additional evaluation of multiple pedons with similar features is warranted. Should additional pedons demonstrate similar properties, a new great group of 'Petrudepts' would be needed to describe both the placic horizons in the pedon and the udic moisture regime in which they occur.


The growth of educational informatization has been aided by the constant updating and switching of application modes brought about by the continual development of a new generation of information technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, data mining, and mobile Internet. Cognitive diagnosis aims to assess students' knowledge competency and offer a foundation for targeted instruction and teacher feedback. The neural cognitive diagnosis framework for the empirical Q-matrix is proposed in the research. The neural cognitive diagnosis framework for empirical Q-matrix introduces empirical Q-matrix, which to a certain extent reduces the subjectivity of artificial Q-matrix, to construct and select the most appropriate Q-matrix; accurate and interpretable diagnostic results are obtained by combining neural network and learning complex motion interaction function.


In recent years,many middle and small-sized enterprises has begun the informatization construction one after another,but the traditional models can't meet the needs in the aspects of individuation,diversity,flexibility and economy,causing the informatization still stays the lower level. While the appearance of cloud computing provides a new model,making the enterprises can use various IT services as required,which fully satisfy the needs of informatization construction in middle and small-sized enterprises. Basing on discussing cloud computing and characteristics of demand of informatization construction in middle and small-sized enterprises,applicability of cloud computing to informatization construction will be analyzed,therefore,the strategies will be given.


A B ST R A C T Objective : The objective is to compare the sugarcane performance under contour -zonary cultivation techniques with the one under traditional cultivation techniques. Method: Sugarcanes of both Qiantang 4 and Qiantang 5 were planted with different techniques. When they reached technical maturity, the samples of their roots, leaves, stems, number of ratoon cane buds etc. were collected, measured and compared to find out the differences of the yield and quality of the sugarcanes cultivated with different techniques. Result: It is found that sugarcanes under the cultivation with contour -zonary techniques had following characters that were fresh root weight increasing by 92.81-117.57%, functional leaf number increasing by 10.11-14.68%, cane stem production increasing by 16.65-17.57%, cane sucrose contents increasing by 4.05-4.07% and ratoon number increasing by 62.81-65.10%. Conclusion : Sugarcanes cultivated with contour -zonary cultivation techniques perform better than the ones cultivated with traditional cultivation techniques in both their yield and their qualities.


Emerging evidence has demonstrated that saturated fatty acids prime pro-IL-1β production and inflammasome-mediated IL-1β activation is critical in obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Nonetheless, IL-1 receptor I-deficient (IL-1RI−/−) mice develop mature-onset obesity despite consuming a low-fat diet (LFD). With this apparent contradiction, the present study evaluated whether IL-1RI−/− mice were protected against long-term (6 mo) high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR. Male wild-type and IL-1RI−/− mice were fed LFD or HFD for 3 or 6 mo, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Adipose insulin sensitivity, cytokine profiles, and adipocyte morphology were assessed. The adipogenic potential of stromal vascular fraction was determined. Hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin sensitivity were characterized. IL-1RI−/− mice developed glucose intolerance and IR after 6 mo HFD compared with 3 mo HFD, coincident with enhanced weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia. The aggravated IR phenotype was associated with loss of adipose functionality, switch from adipocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy and hepatosteatosis. Induction of adipogenic genes was reduced in IL-1RI−/− preadipocytes after 6 mo HFD compared with 3 mo HFD. Obese LFD-IL-1RI−/− mice exhibited preserved metabolic health. IL-1RI−/− mice develop glucose intolerance and IR after 6 mo HFD intervention. While mature-onset obesity is evident in LFD-IL-1RI−/− mice, the additional metabolic insult of HFD was required to drive adipose inflammation and systemic IR. These findings indicate an important interaction between dietary fat and IL-1, relevant to optimal metabolic health.


The authors explore the concept of engagement as it applies to change management. In today's organisations, people are actively disengaging from their work. To change their organisations effectively, leaders must examine their own behaviours and determine how to change on a personal level, and then significantly change the way they engage their people. An example shows how visualisation, dialogue and interactivity can actively engage leadership and all employees of an organisation in generating business results.


Potassium lanthanum nitrate dihydrate (KLN) is a new nonlinear optical crystal. An Nd-doped potassium lanthanum nitrate (KLNN), was grown. As the first on this crystal and its characters of growth, thermal, spectral, and nonlinear optic properties is reported. KLNN crystal will be a useful material in frequency conversion of generating blue-green laser.


Synopsis : As one of fundamental research on the refining of molten iron by sodium carbonate, the experiments were made of the dephosphorization of liquid iron by the flux added Fe2O3 or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) to sodium silicate having various ratio of Na2O and SiO2 at temperature of 1 550, 1 600, and 1 650•Ž. The results of these experiments indicated clearly the effects of addition of Fe2O3, slag basicity, temperature, and initial phosphorus content in liquid iron on the dephosphorization by the slag of Na2OSiO2 system, and investigation also showed the refining actions of Na2CO3 in theslag. Furthermore, a discussion was made on the equilibrium relationship of dephosphorization reaction by the slag of Na2O SiO2 system, and a following expression was obtained;


A sophisticated semi-scale system which allows experimental simulation of heat and moisture transport in building structures is employed for analyzing heat and moisture transfer across interfaces in stone masonry formed by argillite walling blocks and lime-pozzolana mortar. The dimensions of investigated structure are close to a real wall but the measuring accuracy is the same as in a laboratory experiment. Combined relative humidity and temperature mini-sensors are utilized in continuous long-term monitoring. Measured temperature and relative humidity profiles provide information on the properties of the interface between the walling material and mortar which makes possible to identify the interface permeability. This parameter can then be used in computational models of heat and moisture transport in masonry which adds to the accuracy of model predictions.


The physical, functional properties and proximate properties of "Nsama" a local variety of African Yam Bean obtained from Ikot-Akpan-Enin in Akwa-Ibom state were studied. The average seed weight and size were 0.13 ± 0.01 and 1.57 × 0.81 × 1.17 respectively. Results show that moisture, protein, fat content, crude fibre and ash content, for the dehulled (8.63%, 21.90%, 8.63%, 0.17%, 2.20%) and undehulled (6.34%, 20.43%, 8.22%, 0.03%, 3.26%) "Nsama" flour was significantly the same (P < 0.05). However, carbohydrate content dehulled (58.47%) and undehulled (61.72%) were significantly different. Gelation, water absorption capacity, for both the dehulled and the undehulled Nsama samples (5.00% and 6.00%, 1.73 ml/H2O/g) were significantly the same (P < 0.05) while swelling index, emulsion capacity, bulk density and foaming capacity for the dehylled and undehulled samples (2.53 ml/mln and 2.49ml/ml, 2.38ml/g and 2.49 ml/g, 0.67 g/ml and 0.63g/ml, 36.00% and 40.20%) were significantly different.


1.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to spread the use of Rapid prototyping technology (RP) into mechanical engineering. In the development of a new product it is invariably necessary to produce a single prototype of a designed product or system before the allocation of large amount of money to new production facilities or assembly lines. The cost is very high and production tooling takes considerable time to prepare. The technology which considerably speeds the interactive product development process is the concept and practice of Rapid Prototyping (RP) also called Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF). Rapid Prototyping is being used since its origin by designers in different field as product design, automobile industry, medical applications, arts, and it has been proved that it is an essential tool in any design process. The designer has the possibility of building the scale model in very few hours directly from the CAD system. A methodology of work has been defined, in which has been described the use of three dimension CAD software in the design stage. As case study, some models have been built to illustrate the effectiveness of this technology in the creation of scale models with complex surfaces of mechanical parts.


The invention relates to a cooling liquid for carrying out crystal bar taking on sapphire, and the cooling liquid can be used for the bar taking process of materials such as the sapphire used as an LED (Light-Emitting Diode) substrate. The cooling liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5 to 30 parts of lubricant, 1 to 10 parts of dispersant, 0.1 to 5 parts of antirusting agent, 0.5 to 2 parts of bactericide, 0.1 to 0.5 part of antifoaming agent and the balance of deionized water. The cooling liquid has excellent lubricity, cooling performance, rust protection and chip removal performance. When the requirement on crystal bar taking of the sapphire is met, crystal bars have excellent surface characters and the qualified rate of the crystal bars is effectively improved.


The subject of this thesis is the estimation of individual well yields, which is a fundamental part of a multi-well abstraction system design. A literature review of the subject shows that the current best practice for estimating individual well yields has several shortcomings and that further research on the topic is required for individual wells operating under gravity flow. The proposal by Sichardt (1927) for estimating the hydraulic gradient at entry into wells is reviewed and his suggestions are compared to the findings in the field. Pumping test data from eight individual abstraction wells, operating under gravity flow in aquifers having a range of permeability values, are presented. The permeability of the aquifer and the implied hydraulic entry gradient into the well were calculated from the data. The findings also show that Sichardt's (1927) formula provides reasonable results for permeabilities in the range 1 x 10-5 up to 2.15 x 10-3m/s. For permeability values below 1 x 10-5 m/s Sichardt (1927) a reasonable estimation, but the results need to be used with caution.


The purpose of this paper is to analyze regional business cycle movements in Japan. We construct regional monthly composite indexes by 47 prefectures over the period 1985-2010. In order to characterize the deviation of regional economies from the nationwide economy, we propose a method to match each prefectural composite index sequence to the national composite index sequence. High performance of the matching analysis indicates that regional deviations involve leads and lags in both the timing of the business cycle and time trends, although certain disparities remain for some prefectures. The analysis also suggests that there is a structural change between the post-bubble era of the 1990s and the long expansion phase of 2002-2008. Only a limited number of prefectures show better performance than the national average, while the majority tend to fall behind during the expansion phase. Also, we investigate the factors that exert influence on prefectural economies, and find that fiscal and monetary measures possibly help stimulate regional economies.


Reliable quantitation of nanogram and microgram amounts of DNA and RNA in solution is essential to researchers in cell and molecular biology. In addition to the traditional absorbance measurements at 260 nm, two more sensitive fluorescence techniques–Hoescht 33258 dye binding, ethidium bromide binding are described. These three procedures cover a range from 5 to 10 ng/ml DNA to 50m g/ml DNA.


Spacetimes with vanishing second covariant derivative of t he Riemann tensor are studied. Their existence, classification and explicit local express ion are considered. Related issues and open questions are briefly commented.


Purpose: Although Norbert Wiener is justifiably granted the epithet 'father of cybernetics', a number of other engineers from a control or telecommunications background also turned to areas that can broadly be categorised as cybernetic during and immediately after WW2. This paper gives an overview of some of these lesser-known technologist contributors to the emerging ideas of cybernetics. Approach: The paper is based on primary and secondary literature, as well as two interviews from the early 1990s. Findings: In Germany Hermann Schmidt, chair of the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure [Society of German Engineers] committee on control engineering (established in 1939) gave a talk on control engineering and its relationship with economics, social sciences and cultural aspects as early as October 1940. Winfried Oppelt, another member of the committee, also researched nontechnological applications of control ideas in his subsequent career (economics, biology), as did the communications engineer Karl Küpfmüller (pharmacokinetics, models of the human nervous system). In the UK, Arnold Tustin developed a mathematical model of a human gun operator during the war, and then applied control ideas to economic systems from the mid 1940s. Originality: The material presented here is not well known even within the control and communications engineering sectors, and is largely absent from histories of cybernetics – at least those in the English language.


Abstract A new efficient synthesis procedure leading to the nucleotide containing 5′-S or 3′-S-phosphorothioate linkage will be presented. The tittle compounds were prepared in the reaction anhydronucleoside with nucleoside phosphorodithioates. The second way is based on phosphitylation reaction using the nucleosidylphosphorofluoridites.


Providing free-draining materials as a base layer under the asphalt pavement has been adopted by many state highway agencies to prevent premature water-related pavement failure. The drainable base materials should possess not only high permeability but also high strength and stiffness to sustain traffic loads. In Ohio, there are four unbound aggregate base materials specifications and two types of bound base materials. This paper presents laboratory test results of mechanical properties of such drainable base materials, including resilient modulus, strength and permanent deformation under cyclic loads, durability, and permeability. Furthermore, field moisture monitoring data of fully instrumented pavement sections built up with different drainable base materials will be presented. It is shown that based on laboratory and field monitoring data obtained, the ODOT 306 cement treated base performed as the best drainable base material.


An adjustable wall hanging frame for a liquid crystal display television/flat panel display comprises a fixing seat, installation supports and a hanging rod, wherein the fixing seat is used for being connected with a wall or a wall plate and extends transversely, the installation supports extend longitudinally, and the hanging rod is erected on the fixing seat and extends transversely. The installation supports are provided with strip holes extending longitudinally and a plurality of positioning holes distributed longitudinally, the hanging rod can be arranged in the corresponding strip holes in a sliding mode, the positioning holes are located in the front sides or the rear sides of the strip holes, the positioning holes and the strip holes are communicated, moving channels allowing the hanging rod to enter the corresponding strip holes from the corresponding positioning holes are reserved, the side walls of the sides, close to the strip holes, of the positioning holes are provided with blocking walls, the hanging rod penetrates through the corresponding positioning holes, and thus the installation supports can be hung on the fixing seat through the hanging rod. The position of the liquid crystal display television/flat panel display is adjusted through the adjustable wall hanging frame according to the sitting posture or the sleeping posture of a watcher, quite good assistance is provided for the cervical vertebra and the vision of adults or children, and meanwhile the watching comfort level is improved.


. Social and psychological factors that can affect human well-being in the formation of sustainable development of the Voronezh agglomeration are considered. The article substantiates the relevance of the development of urban recreational spaces, adjacent territories, transformation and modernization of existing buildings in the context of solving the problems of urban development. The requirements to the assessment for each characteristic indicator affecting the psychological state of a person are given: the density of building, the height of construction, the situation with yard spaces, landscaping.


Abstract Microwave-assisted synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-thiones via Biginelli reaction from aldehydes, acetoacetates, and thiourea in the presence of iodine under solvent-free conditions has been accomplished in good yields and purity without chromatographic separation. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Introduction
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia are persisting problems in the UK, therefore identifying 'at risk' groups is an important issue in public health. Any assessment of iron intakes should be accompanied by an assessment of bioavailability, or amount available for absorption, in order to identify these groups. Dietary iron bioavailability is influenced by a number of factors, including the other nutrients consumed with the iron. Iron intake and often bioavailability is usually assessed with a diet diary but this method is time-consuming and intrusive. This study aimed to develop a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) specifically for assessing bioavailable iron intakes in groups of women of childbearing age and evaluate its relative validity against a reference method.

Methodology
31 female participants within the age range of 19-45years were recruited and completed the specifically designed FFQ followed by the reference method of a 12-day food diary. An iron absorption prediction algorithm was used to estimate iron bioavailability from both methods using amounts of absorption enhancers and inhibitors present and applying them to iron intakes. Results were then compared to assess the agreement between the methods.

Results
The mean value generated for total iron bioavailability was 7.4% from the diary and 8.5% from the FFQ. Paired samples t-test showed that there was no significant difference between FFQ and food diary values for mean total and non-haem iron bioavailability. A Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was conducted for haem iron and the values were significantly different between the FFQ and diary (p<0.005). Bland-Altman analysis showed there was good agreement between the methods at the population level but not at the individual level.

Conclusion
The developed FFQ successfully estimated the mean dietary iron bioavailability in the group of 31 participants as accurately as the 12-day diet diary. This is the first study in which a brief FFQ has been used to assess iron absorption modifiers and apply them to the iron intake measured. The FFQ takes less than 15 minutes to complete, making it possible to obtain data from otherwise hard to reach groups who would not be willing to complete a diet diary. This means it could potentially be used in large scale epidemiological studies to estimate iron bioavailability in female groups within the UK, and the further development of it and similar tools is an important step forward in the methodology of estimating dietary iron bioavailability.


This paper tests how macroeconomic conditions affect the value relevance of book and tax income. Based on regression coefficient estimates, more than 8% in the value relevance of book income is dependent on the interaction with a proxy for the macroeconomy. For a possible policy change where tax rules have a greater influence on financial accounting, the erosion of earnings quality will be more pronounced during economic expansion than contraction. Under such policy change, investors may lose additional information for them to price earnings based on stages of the economy.


3 ; Spring Creek, Decatur Co., Ga., July 1912 ; Billy's Island, Okefenokee S ~ v a n ~ p , Ga., June-July, 1912. Chaoborus festivus Dyar and Shannon. I have before me a single female which undoubtedly belongs to this species I had set it aside hoping to secure a male before describing it as a new species. The distribution is interesting, Canal Zone, Panama, and Georgia. Billy's Island, Okefenokee Swamp, Ga., June, 1912. Corethrclla brakeleyi Coq. Billy's Island, Okefenokee Swamp, Ga. June, 1912.


In this second of five papers on conditions and processes associated with loess accumulation in the southern Netherlands, micromorphology has been used first to characterize deposits ascribed to eolian, fluvial, overland flow, and masswasting processes, and second to recognize features characteristic of deposits produced by simulated processes using comparable testing materials (Mucher and De Ploey (1977); Mucher et al. (1981)).

The present paper deals with two stratigraphic units of the Lower Silt Loam complex in the Nagelbeek excavation. These are the Saalian Lower Silt Loam A (unit IV). which seems to consist of eolian material, reworked by sheetflow and modified by Eemian pedogenesis, and the Early Weichselian Lower Silt Loam C (unit VIb), which probably results from channel flow deposition and local masswasting followed by sheetflow deposition. Microscopically, lamination in unit IV suggests alternating eolian conditions and deposition from laminar to smooth turbulent afterflow or meltwater flow. Then followed a period in which deposits of rainwash with smooth turbulent flow, alternated with very thin deposits from laminar flow without splash. Unmodified eolian deposition, or colluviation from splash alone, becomes more dominant upwards. Sedimentary lamination has been accentuated by pedogenic clay illuviation.

Unit VIb starts with reworked pedorelicts from Eemian and Early Weichselian paleosols, deposited from rainwash with smooth turbulent flow. Lamination resulted from smooth turbulent to laminar flow without splash. This is followed by intercalations originating from either eolian deposition or splash deposition, and overland flow deposits with evidence for a finely-branched system of very small rills. Microscopic examination of lobate portions of mass movement deposits within unit VIb does not confirm this origin because of the scale limitations of thin sections. It merely reveals structures that predate the mass movement.


In this paper we consider the two-stage stochastic linear assignment (2SSLA) problem, which is a stochastic extension of the classical deterministic linear assignment problem. For each agent and job, the decision maker has to decide whether to make assignments now or to wait for the second stage. Assignments of agents and jobs, for which decisions are delayed to the second stage, are then completed based on the scenario realized. We discuss two greedy approximation algorithms from the literature and derive a simple necessary optimality condition that generalizes the key ideas behind both of these approaches. Subsequently, based on this result we design a new greedy approximation method. Theoretical observations and the results of computational experiments are also presented.


---------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------This paper presents a smart multipurpose human assistance robot that guides the visually impaired and elderly people to some predefined destination, avoiding obstacles and traffic. The robot can recognize the words spoken by the user command them or take an action according to user command. Voice commands given through an android Smartphone are transferred to the main MCU of the robot using a Bluetooth serial port that runs Bluetooth SPP protocol stack. Touch sensitive skin fitted to the robot senses human finger touch and helps answering requests such as time, date and weather conditions such as light and temperature. The same can be done using voice also. During the day time it can charge itself by moving around within a given region in order to find the maximum sun light thereby freeing the user completely from maintenance issues such as battery charging. Unlike the other guidance systems, the user need not carry this in hand. The robot can also detect the distance between the user and itself and move accordingly offering an efficient human assistance.


Iran is experiencing significant water challenges that have now turned water security into a national priority. By estimating secular trend groundwater storage in Iran between 2002 and 2017, we see that there is an intensive negative trend, even −4400 Mm3 in some areas. These estimations show shifting in the climate and extra extraction from aquifers for agricultural use in some areas in Iran. The secular trend of groundwater storage changes across the whole of Iran inferred from observation well data is −20.08 GT/yr. The secular trends of GWS changes based on observation well data are: −11.55 GT/yr for the Central Plateau basin, −3.60 GT/yr for the Caspian Sea basin, −3.0 GT/yr for the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea basin, −0.53 GT/yr for the Urmieh Lake basin, −0.57 GT/yr for the Eastern Boundary basin, and −0.83 GT/yr for the Gharaghom basin. The most depleted sub-basin (Kavir Markazi) has secular trends of GWS changes of −4.503 GT/yr. This study suggests that groundwater depletion is the largest single contributor to the observed negative trend of groundwater storage changes in Iran, the majority of which occurred after the drought in 2007. The groundwater loss that has been accrued during the study period is particularly alarming for Iran, which is already facing severe water scarcity.


Analysis of absorption and dispersion effects may be done in intercept time‐ray parameter (τ-p) synthetic seismograms calculated using the slowness formulation of the reflectivity method. Seismograms initially computed in the frequency‐ray parameter (ω-p) domain to incorporate absorption and dispersion effects are then Fourier transformed to the (τ-p) domain. Absorption and dispersion are functions of p. Modeling both simple and more realistic stratigraphic sequences shows the interaction of only velocity and density for infinite Q and the complicated effects added when Q is finite. The observed null reflection at p = 0 for infinite Q is no longer null when Q is finite. For p ≠ 0, the inclusion of absorption and dispersion effects complicates the amplitude and phase of the seismic response. Reflectivity due to Q alone (i.e., at an interface with no impedance contrast), as a function of Q contrast and p, contains interesting variations of amplitude and phase. The responses of three geologically realistic m...


Visible-light-promoted hydrolysis of silanes catalyzed by (TAP)Rh–I to produce silanols and dihydrogen efficiently under mild conditions was reported. (TAP)Rh–H was observed as the key intermediate through stoichiometric activation of the Si–H bond by (TAP)Rh–I. Addition of water drove the stoichiometric activation of Si–H into catalysis.


Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments have demonstrated that the establishment of the limb architecture relies upon the function of HoxA and HoxD genes. Moreover, we have shown that the complete inactivation of these two gene clusters results in severe limb truncation. During limb development, there are two phases of Hox expression: At early limb bud stages, Hox genes are sequentially activated in time, with expression of 'late' genes (from group 10 to 13) being progressively restricted to the posterior mesenchyme. At later developmental stages, transcription is maintained for only a subset of the HoxA and HoxD genes (group 9 to 13), with a collinear nested pattern along the proximal‐distal axis. While phenotypes associated to individual gene loss‐of‐function correlates with the second wave of transcriptional activation, we found that the function of Hox genes is necessary from early limb bud stages onwards. For instance, by removing both HoxA and HoxD gene clusters, we have uncovered a requirement for these transcription factors in Shh activation and maintenance. We have further analyzed HoxA/HoxD conditional mutants and found that decreasing the Hox dosage within developing limb buds impairs cell survival. Our results suggest that, in addition to patterning functions, Hox genes are needed for the proper outgrowth of developing limbs.


This article reviews the main issues of regulating and supervising banks in emerging markets with a view toward evaluating the long-run options. Particular attention is paid to Latin America and East Asia. These economies face a severe policy commitment problem that leads to excessive bailouts and potential devaluation of claims of foreign investors. This exacerbates moral hazard and makes a case for importing external discipline (for example, acquiring foreign short-term debt). However, external discipline may come at the cost of excessive liquidation of entrepreneurial projects. The article reviews the tradeoffs imposed by external discipline and examines various proposed arrangements, such as narrow banking, foreign banks and foreign regulation, and the potential role for an international agency or international lender of last resort. Liberalization and integration of financial markets have been associated with an increase in capital movements and with the financial crises. In particular, surges in foreign short-term debt have been blamed for crisis episodes in emerging economies in Asia (Thailand, Indonesia, and the Republic of Korea) and Latin America (Mexico, Brazil, Ecuador, and Argentina), as well as in the periphery of Europe (Turkey). These crises have proved costly in terms of output. Several policy responses have been suggested. Among them have been the reduction of short-term debt, the development of stock markets, the improved regulation and supervision of domestic financial system, enhanced transparency requirements and market discipline, and the establishment of an international lender of last resort. A catalog of "solutions" has been proposed to take care of the problems of banking in emerging market economies including moving to a narrow bank system, building a currency union, and leaving banking in the hands of foreign banks and offshore institutions. This article identifies policy responses tailored to the needs of emerging market and developing economies. The question is whether the regulatory policies and


Ethiopian farmers normally spread seed and fertilizer by broadcasting causing uneven
distributions of plants and nutrients and sub-optimal production. Low-tech, animal-powered
distributors have been designed which work at a single application rate, but no design has been
generally accepted. The potential for using an orbital hub gear to design an animal drawn variable
rate combine drill suitable for use in Ethiopia was assessed. The design allowed seven seed
spacings and seven fertilizer application rates by adjusting rotational speed of the fertilizer flute and
the seed cell wheel. A novel seed cut-off mechanism was also designed for minimal seed damage.
Laboratory tests indicated that the performance was good at slower rotational speeds. For
development as a production machine, the basic design (without the orbital hub gear) proved
acceptable. If the design were to maintain the hub gear, modifications would be needed to achieve
slower cell wheel speeds for all gear ratios. It was concluded that the basic design was suitable for
construction and use in Ethiopia even though the variable rate aspect is an idea before its time.


The alien nature of crimes in Nigeria has necessitated the need to look inward and find possible ways of reviving Nigeria's historical foundation and heritage. It is against this backdrop that the objectives of this paper is conceived and anchored. Suitably historical analysis was employed in this paper in order to identify features of historical foundations and heritages of Nigeria and to find the missing link between traditional educations and present violent prone modernized Nigeria. Oral traditions and craft works form the major features of historical foundation and heritages in Nigeria. These historical foundations and heritages afterwards subconsciously generate among young people character formation, leadership training, skills and vocational training, and other basis of traditional education. However, the relegation of historical foundation and heritage is believed to have resulted into poor character formation, belligerent nationalism, laziness and corrupt leadership which are the major causes of insecurity in Nigeria. It is therefore, recommended that families and schools should rejuvenate these historical foundations and heritages that promotes peace and collective security in Nigeria. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n6p69


Abstract The diagrammatic many-body perturbation theory of electron correlation effects in atoms and molecules is employed in the description of some fifth-order correlation effects.


We have studied the motion of a magnetic domain wall (MDW) driven by a magnetic field H in a 2D ultrathin Pt/Co/Pt film showing perpendicular anisotropy and quenched disorder. MDW velocity measurements down to the so called creep regime show that the average energy barrier scales as $(1/H{)}^{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ with $\ensuremath{\mu}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$ and that the correlation function along a MDW is governed by a wandering exponent $\ensuremath{\zeta}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.69\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$, in very good agreement with theories giving $\ensuremath{\mu}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.25$ and $\ensuremath{\zeta}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}2/3$. This is the first direct measurement of the creep regime for a moving interface in a disordered medium.


This experiment was conducted to compare the effects of different fermentation methods of soyabeans on growth and serum indices using 240 days-old Anak broilers that were randomly divided into four (4) experimental groups of three replicates each. Dietary treatments were as follows: T1, T2, T3 and T4 representing lactobacillus (control), Cooking and fermenting, Daddawa fermentation and Cooking with potash before fermentation based groups at both starter and finisher phases and fed starter (135 d) and finisher (3663 d ) diets. T2, T3 and T4 significantly (P < 0.05) increased SGR and GE when compared to T1 at the starter phase. FCR, PER and EER were significantly affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Variations in serum profile were significant (P>0.5) except cholesterol. This suggest that fermentation processes provides effective mechanism for the improvement in growth indices, PER, EER and reduction in serum cholesterol in broilers


We present a review of advanced Sb-based III-V semiconductor nanostructures, both quantum wells (QWs) and quantum dots (QDs), destined for mid-infrared (IR) laser applications. Detailed calculations of the electronic band structure and thermodynamic miscibility regions of the main quaternary systems GaInAsSb, AlGaAsSb and AlInAsSb are presented in the form of square compositional diagrams of bandgap along with the available experimental data. Conduction and valence band offsets for typical QW configurations - GaInAsSb/AlGaAsSb and GaInAsSb/AlInAsSb - are plotted for both lattice-matched and strained QWs. On this basis different designs of mid-IR QW lasers with type-I and type-II band line-ups are analyzed in relation to a maximum achievable emission wavelength at room temperature. As an alternative to QWs, all Sb-based QD nanostructures fabricated so far in GaAs, GaSb and InAs matrices are reviewed, focusing on technological, morphological and luminescence aspects. The InSb QDs in the GaSb and InAs matrices are considered as most promising for mid-IR emitters.


Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of nasal endoscopic surgery combined with nasal glucocorticoids in Treatment of chronic sinusitis.Methods:120 patients diagnosed of chronic sinusitis were divided into two groups.60 patients in trial group were treated with nasal endoscopic surgery and glucocorticoids,60 patients in control group were treated with nasal endoscopic surgery only.According to diagnostic criteria by Chinese Medical Association,efficacy and complications were observed after surgery between the two groups.Results: All the patients were followed up for 6 months to 1 year.In trial group 2 patients(3.33%) relapsed,4(6.67%) had complications;while in control group,15 patients(25.00%) were invalid,15(25.00%) relapsed,14(23.33%) had complications.The efficacy,incidence of complications and recurrence were significantly different between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion: Comparing to control group,nasal endoscopic surgery combined with nasal glucocorticoids are effective for chronic sinusitis and worthy of further application.


Objective
To describe a modified basin-forming hepatic duct-jejunum Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy and explore its clinical application.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed clinical data on 57 patients receiving modified basin-forming hepatic duct-jejunum Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province during the period from February 2016 to August 2016.

Results
Among 57 cases, 38 cases previously underwent conventional basin-forming hepatic duct-jejunum Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy for the reasons such as hepatolithiasis, iatrogenic proximal bile duct injury, congenital choledochal cyst (Todani type I), etc. The mean number of operation was 1-4(1.8±1.3). Errors during reoperation can be classified relevant to cholangiojejunostomy anastomosis, bridging jejunal loop and jejunum-bridging jejunal loop anastomosis. Among 57 cases, bile intestinal anastomotic leakage occurred in one patient, incision fat liquefaction in 3 patients, 2 patients experienced stress gastritis, all postoperative complications recovered under conservative management. No postoperative mortality happened. During mean (4.07±3.27)months follow-up period, only 4 patients complained of reflux cholangitis, which could be easily managed by antibiotics use.

Conclusions
By correcting errors in application of conventional Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy, a modified basin-forming hepatic duct-jejunum Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy proposed in this study demonstrated preliminary better results.

Key words:
Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y/MT


This paper presents a study on scientific knowledge management of Biotechnology area through analysis of scientific Biotechnology trends in Brazil, providing an overview of the science profile as well as regional development and its relation to issues of topics based on the analysis of scientific publications for the period of last 10 years. Given these promising prospects, the monitoring and searching of scientific advances and trends in this area of knowledge have become essential for searching opportunities in R&D and also for potential innovations and business opportunities, both in developed countries as well as in countries of emerging economies such as Brazil. The survey was accomplished in database Web of Science using 60 terms selected in Biotechnology area and 72,187 documents has been organized. Scientific indicators were produced using data/text mining tools. It was possible to find a greater number of scientific publications in areas such as Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Genetics & Heredity. Results pointed out The USA as the main foreign partner-country of scientific publications followed by UK, France and Germany. It was possible to verify cooperation network with others Latin American countries.


Security Directorate. The resource stringency issue has been resolved in several ways. The Algerian government provided over $6 million for the establishment of the African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism (ACSRT). Furthermore, $2 million are provided through the regular budget. Operationally, both the ATU and ACSRT have designed a threat assessment template that is used by all member states, a code of conduct to guide the activities of national agencies, and a model antiterrorism law to guide member states in designing specific antiterror legislation. All these initiatives are part of the AU's Plan of Action; yet Wani concludes that "the AU currently lacks the capacity to implement many of these initiatives [from the Plan of Action], and so they remain at the level of ideas" (55). Such factual inaccuracies detract from this timely and useful book. The other chapters are well-written, however, and the arguments are succinct and informative. This book is essential for those interested in Africa's international relations and its contributions through the AU to the global war on terror. Kwesi Aning Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre (KAIPTC) Accra, Ghana


In this paper, the proposed work states automatic control strategy for ventilation systems in energy-efficient buildings. To maintain indoor CO2 in the comfort zone to the accurate level and minimum ventilation rate is the main design goal of automatic ventilation controller. The system uses CO2 as the main indicator of human comfort. The intelligent system as compared to traditional ON/OFF or fixed ventilation system gives better results in energy saving and also provide high indoor air quality. The technical notes provide the block diagram description and the importance using AVR Microcontroller. The KEIL μVision3 makes Embedded C Programming much easier than KEIL μVision2. Keywords— AVR controller, LCD, Sensor, CO2 Predictive model, KEIL μVision3


To improve the cognition of population to prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS,syphilis,and hepatitis B,provide comprehensive services for prevention and treatment of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS,syphilis,and hepatitis B among pregnant women,reduce infection in children induced by mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS,syphilis,and hepatitis B to the greatest extent,improve the quality of life and health level of women and children,Tianjin Municipal Sanitary Bureau issued implementation plan of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS,syphilis,and hepatitis B in Tianjin in 2011,the functions at all levels were confirmed,management training,quality control,and supervisor were strengthened,and the financial support from government was increased to expand the coverage of intervention and treatment for pregnant women with HIV/AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B,improve the level of cure,reduce new cases with infection,and decrease mother-to-children transmission.


Abstract CERTAIN of the antibacterial drugs have been used with success in controlling the infectious synovitis virus. In general, their action as studied in chicks has been viristatic rather than viricidal. Therefore, the continuous medication has been expensive but more effective than medication for short periods of time. The reports by Munro et al. (1956), Shelton et al. (1956), Cosgrove and Coffin (1956), Cosgrove (1957), Cover et al. (1956), Olson et al. (1957), Olson and Shelton (1957), Shelton et al. (1958), Thayer et al. (1958) and Wills and Delaplane (1955) have contained results pertaining to the use of furazolidone in the prevention or treatment of infectious synovitis in chickens. Many of these reports contain results using chlortetracycline. A critical evaluation of the comparative efficacy of chlortetracycline and furazolidone seemed possible using an intermittent feeding program. This is a report of laboratory studies using these drugs on a continuous and intermittent basis …


Summary Ruizite is a new mineral found in the mesogene calc-silicate assemblage at the Christmas mine, Gila County, Arizona. Occurs with kinoite, apophyllite, smectite, and junitoite. Colour is orange inclining to brown with pale streak, H = 5, Sp. Gr. meas. = 2·9. Crystals monoclinic 2/m, elongate on [010]; a = 11·95 Å, b = 6·17, c = 9·03, β = 91° 22½′. Probable space group P21/c with Z = 4 giving D calc = 2·997. Strongest lines are 11·951 Å(10), 4·190 (7), 3·116 (6), 5·092 (5), 3·644 (4), 2·951 (4), 2·591 (4), 2·132 (4). Indices are α = 1·663, β = 1·715 ‖ [010], γ = 1·734, 44° to [001] in obtuse β; 2Vα = 60·2°; inclined dispersion p > v strong. Twinned on {100}. Analysis by wet methods gave CaO = 20·57%, Mn2O3 = 23·42, SiO2 = 39·14, H2O = 16·0 leading to or CaMn3+ (SiO3)2(OH). 2H2O. Named for its discoverer, Joe Ana Ruiz of Mammoth, Arizona


That diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIG) occurs in septicemia has been well documented and reported ot occur almost exclusively in patients with hypotension. Heparin has been shown to effectively correct this coagulation defect but the efficacy of this agent in changing the high mortality rate in this group of patients has not been reported. The purposes of this investigation were to determine the frequency of DIC and to evaluate the effect of anticoagulation on the mortality rate in this group. Twenty-six children with septicimia and systolic blood pressures below 80 mm Hg had detailed coagulation studies performed and 24 were anticoagulated with heparin. Therapy also consisted of antibiotics, plasma expanders, IV fluids, transfusions and Isuprcl. Two patients were given corticosteroids. No complications secondary to heparin occured. The studies showed that all patients had abnormally long partial thromboplastin and prothrombin times, and all but one had thrombocytopenia. classical DIC (thrombocytopenia with reduced factors II, V, VIII and fibrinogen, positive fibrin split products and normal euglobulin lysis time) was clearly present in 40% and highly probable in 96% of the cases. The overall mortality rate was 62%. Although 72% of the fatal cases had severe hypofibrinogenemia as compared to 25% who eventually survived, no correlation could be shown between the severity of the DIC and the mortality rate. These data again suggest that most, if not all, patients with sepsis and low blood pressure have DIC. Even though anticoagulation could correct the coagulation defect in most of the cases, heparin did not appear to significantly affect the mortality rate.


Modern websites are powered by JavaScript, a flexible dynamic scripting language that executes in client browsers. A common paradigm in such websites is to include third-party JavaScript code in the form of libraries or advertisements. If this code were malicious, it could read sensitive information from the page or write to the location bar, thus redirecting the user to a malicious page, from which the entire machine could be compromised. We present an information-flow based approach for inferring the effects that a piece of JavaScript has on the website in order to ensure that key security properties are not violated. To handle dynamically loaded and generated JavaScript, we propose a framework for staging information flow properties. Our framework propagates information flow through the currently known code in order to compute a minimal set of syntactic residual checks that are performed on the remaining code when it is dynamically loaded. We have implemented a prototype framework for staging information flow. We describe our techniques for handling some difficult features of JavaScript and evaluate our system's performance on a variety of large real-world websites. Our experiments show that static information flow is feasible and efficient for JavaScript, and that our technique allows the enforcement of information-flow policies with almost no run-time overhead.


Our ability to shift from one emotion to the next allows us to adapt our behaviors to a constantly-changing and often uncertain environment. Although previous studies have identified cortical and subcortical regions involved in affective responding, no studies have asked whether and how these regions track and represent transitions between different emotional states and modulate their responses based on the recent emotional context. To this end, we commissioned new musical pieces designed to systematically move participants through different emotional states during fMRI. Using a combination of data-driven (Hidden Markov Modeling) and hypothesis-driven methods, we show that spatiotemporal patterns of activation along the temporoparietal axis reflect transitions between music-evoked emotions. Furthermore, self-reported emotions and the subsequent neural response patterns were sensitive to the emotional context in which the music was heard. The findings highlight the role of temporal and parietal brain regions in not only processing low-level auditory signals, but in linking changes in these signals with our on-going, contextually-dependent emotional responses.


The volume of the human breast was measured by ultrasonographic methods with good reliability and reproducibility. Variations in breast volume of up to 36% were encountered with weekly measurements during the course of seven normal menstrual cycles. Oral contraceptives containing 35 to 50 µ g ethynyl estradiol and amounts of norethindrone varying over a range of 0.4 to 2.5 mg/day and used for six cycles did not produce dose-related changes in breast volume as compared with untreated control subjects, but the sensitivity of the experiment was reduced by notable individual variation and relatively small sample sizes.


Due to their intangible nature, digital resources are particularly complex to promote and enhance in a library. Although essential, the development of specific and federated reporting tools common to all documentation, digital or paper, can not be an end in itself. Many readers see the library as a privileged place, embodied and travelled by their daily lives. Hence the need to also consider the value of these resources from the physical space of the library. The rise of e-books, the diversification of new digital reading devices as well as the emergence of new technological tools dedicated to interfacing material objects and the Internet favour such an approach, which may contribute further to the better integration of digital resources within the library as a whole.


The No.0 and 1 ore veins of the Dayangcha gold mine belong to the gently dipping thin ore veins,the upper is relative thick,average 0.81 m,average grade 11.5×10-6;the middle,lower orebodies become thin gradually.The grade reduces gradually,average 0.3~0.5 m in thickness,average grade(4.5-6.0)×10-6.The old mining method will not be able to meet the production requirement.So,we tested with common mining method,wide propelling room-and-pillar mining method and temporary support in the face mining and filing method in the No.1,2,and 3 mining spots of the 110 m level of the No.0 ore vein.The tests show that the temporary support in the face mining and filling method is a relative ideal one,which can reduce poor ore rate,loss factor,raise economic effect and reduce environment pollution caused by waste rocks,and cut down reclamation cost after mine close.


Merkel cell carcinoma, or primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, is a rare malignant cutaneous tumor occurring on sun-exposed skin of the head and neck or the extremities in elderly individuals (1). It presents as a violaceous dome-shaped nodule or indurated plaque. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies have shown that the cells of this tumor have epithelial and neuroendocrine features and probably arise from epithelial tissue and acquire neuroendocrine characteristics. Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive tumor with a high incidence of local recurrence and regional and systemic spread. We report here a case of Merkel cell carcinoma in which relapse was indicated by a cystic metastasis of the pancreas.


Environmental ScienceThe Himalayas were long presumed to form a bulwark against airborne pollutants from the Indian subcontinent. How big a punch black carbon and other pollutants may pack in the Himalayas is open to debate, but scientists warn that heavier pollutant loads reaching Himalayan peaks and the Tibetan Plateau beyond could change weather patterns and pollution.


Abstract : This report discusses the history of requirement for and structure of the Integrated Flexible Welding System (LIFWS), one of the projects in the Naval Sea Systems Command's (NAVSEA) Integrated Robotics Program. This project sponsored by the Navy Manufacturing Technology (MT) Office, is intended to develop a flexible, adaptive gas metal arc welding (GMAW) capability for making high quality, cost effective welds on small batch or single workpiece items in a shipyard environment. The IFWS concept has resulted in the development of separately developed modules which could stand alone if necessary; however the intent is to integrate them into a system tailored to satisfy Navy unique manufacturing and repair needs. Modules discussed in the report include the Robotic Adaptive Welding System (RAWS) the 3D Weld Seam Tracking System (3D WSTS), and the Global Vision System (GVS). Typing all the components together is the Intelligent Communications Interface (ICI), a hierarchical control architecture linking knowledge-bas ed design, planning and control activities to the modules performing the work. The report closes with a statement of the integration plan to be followed when implementing the IFWS. (Author)


A 61-year-old man has been unable to leave his bed since being diagnosed with cerebral palsy at the age of 2 years. He is fed via a gastrostoma and has previously contracted aspiration pneumonitis three times. He has had no history of seizures or myoclonic movements until the time of hospitalisation. He visited a physician with complaints of fever lasting for 1 week and a cough that had been increasing in severity. He was diagnosed with pneumonia and treated with 100 mg oral cefcapene three times a day. As his condition did not improve, he was referred to our hospital for treatment. A chest X-ray and CT scan revealed abscess …


PtNi bimetallic alloy nanopartilces with fcc crystal phase were synthesized by a liquid phase reduction method.The SiO_2supported PtNi bimetallic alloy nanopartilces was then used as precursor to obtain the Pt-NiO/SiO_2 catalyst calcined at 500 ℃.Combined with XRD and TEM results,it was found that the particle size of Pt-NiO/SiO_2 using PtNi alloy nanoparticle precursor did not increase by calcination,indicating good thermal stability.The obtained catalysts were tested for catalytic reduction of p-Nitrophenol to p-aminophenol in presence of sodium borohydride monitored by UV-visble.The results show that the catalytic activity and reaction rate of Pt-NiO/SiO_2 catalyst was significantly higher than Pt/SiO_2 catalyst prepared by the same conditions probably due to its strong Pt-NiO/SiO_2 interaction.


In his report at the congress of hygiene and demography, the author argues that the modern classification of mentally abnormal children into idiots, stupid, insufficient, backward and incapacitated does not withstand criticism from the point of view of therapy. It is more or less successful from the point of view of the charity of these children, but it generalizes the varieties too much. The author proposes a classification of abnormal children.


One considers the implications of the fact that weak two body scattering amplitudes, when calculated to all orders in any renormalizable model, should exhibit unitary, analytic, ''Mandelstam'' behavior. One discusses from this point of view, the existence of neutral currents, the suppression of $nu$/sub $mu$/e elastic scattering, and the possibility of lepton hadron resonances. A brief review is given of the predictions for lepton--lepton scattering of two models in which Mandelstam behavior is explicitly realized. (auth)


Comparison of QuantiFERON-TB In Tube test and T-SPOT.TB with tuberculin skin test in HIV- infected individuals an intermediate country Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON-TB In Tube test(QFT-IT) assays and tuberculin skin test(TST) for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV infected individuals in South Korea. Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary hospital in South Korea to compare two forms of the interferon- γ release assays to TST. Results: We enrolled 95 patients with a median CD 4 cell count 429 cells/ μ l (range 18-1134) for the study. More positive assay results were obtained with T-SPOT.TB than for both TST and QFT-IT: 27.4 % compared to 11.6% and 15.8% ( P = 0.002 and P = 0.003) respectively. Positive results for TST were similar to those obtained with QFT-IT ( P = 0.727). Agreement between the 3 tests was fair to good (QFT-IT vs TST, κ = 0.665 : T-SPOT.TB vs TST , κ = 0.456 : QFT-IT vs T-SPOT.TB, κ = 0.593) in all cases. Patients with positive results of QFT-IT, TST and T-SPOT.TB did not have statistically significant higher mean CD4 cell counts than those with negative results. Conclusion: When tested on HIV infected patients from South Korea, T-SPOT.TB, QFT-IT and TST showed fair to good agreement. T-SPOT.TB is more sensitive than both TST and QFT-IT. The result of all 3 tests was not affected by CD4 cell counts


Abstract: This guide presents the egg and larval descriptions of 100 species of fishes belonging to 55 families, which are most likely to be present in plankton samples collected in the continental shelf and oceanic waters of the western Mediterranean Sea. The guide is structured in two parts. The first introductory part describes the different applications of ichthyoplankton studies in fisheries research, the main sampling strategies, methods and gears, the early life history of fishes and how to identify them. A brief historical account of ichthyoplankton identification studies in the Mediterranean Sea is also provided. The second part of the guide contains the identification sheets of the species. Each species sheet includes the following information: illustration of the adult fish and information on its habitat and spawning season; description of the main features useful towards identifying the egg, yolk sac and larval stage of each fish species; illustrations and (when available) photos of the different life stages.


The United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances devotes Article 17 to combating illicit traffic by sea. It establishes a mechanism for the suppression of such activities when they are carried out outside the territorial sea of States in accordance with the International Law of the Sea. Among the tools envisaged is the possibility for the Parties to establish bilateral and multilateral agreements to make the provisions of the Convention more effective. Due to its location and geographical characteristics, Spain has become the gateway for drugs into Europe. For this reason, taking the aforementioned provision as a reference, it has concluded bilateral treaties with Italy and Portugal to try to speed up the intervention of vessels flying the flags of the States Parties that are carrying out this type of activity. Similarly, Colombia, as a major exporter of illicit substances from the South American continent, has signed an agreement with the United States for the same purpose. This study analyses the different Agreements, contrasting the cooperation mechanisms established, as well as those issues that are addressed from different perspectives, such as the use of force and firearms.


As an indispensable means of transportation in modern buildings, elevators have become increasingly demanding in terms of safety, reliability, comfort, efficiency and energy saving. How to use the control method and the composition of the structure to be able to lift the elevator to provide better service and to better meet people's needs has always been the core of the field of elevator control research. This paper introduces an elevator control system based on Siemens S7-1200PLC and G120 inverter. The system takes PLC and inverter as the core control devices to realize the speed control of the tractor and the optimization control of elevator group control, and finally realizes the smooth running control function of two six-storey elevators. The simulation results show that the system can make the elevator run smoothly, safely and efficiently, and meet the design requirements.


Shock wave-boundary layer interactions (SWBLIs) have a tremendous influence on the performance of hypersonic vehicles. For the numerical simulation of such engineering flows, Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) still occupies an irreplaceable role. However, parameters of turbulence models in RANS have substantial uncertainties, which impact the reliability of simulation results. Thus, the aim of the present study is to conduct an uncertainty analysis on parameters in the shear-stress transport (SST) turbulence model for the simulation of SWBLIs. In the current work, uncertainty quantification was performed first. A surrogate model was constructed by the non-intrusive polynomial chaos (NIPC) method to propagate uncertainties from model parameters to the quantities of interests (QoIs) and quantify them. In the subsequent sensitivity analysis, the key parameters were identified for such flow by calculating the Sobol index of each parameter for various QoIs. The results indicate that uncertainties of model parameters led to non-negligible uncertainties in those QoIs, particularly in skin friction and wall heat flux. The parameters α1, σω1, β1 were identified as primary contributors through the sensitivity analysis. Moreover, the specific effects of the three parameters on the flow prediction were analyzed by changing the parameters' values separately.


Research in community settings indicates that Black persons are less likely to receive mental health treatment than White persons. Research on whether these disparities persist in prisons is limited and fails to include other racial and ethnic groups, such as Latino persons. This study examines racial and ethnic differences in the use of mental health services among incarcerated persons. Using the 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates, logistic regression assessed the effects of race/ethnicity among those receiving mental health treatment while incarcerated. Results suggest Black and Multiracial/Other incarcerated persons were 15.8% and 15.0% more likely to participate in treatment than White incarcerated persons, respectively. No significant difference between Latino incarcerated persons and White incarcerated persons was found. The differences between racial/ethnic groups and participation in mental health treatment found in this study suggest that more attention needs to be paid to diversity in the accessibility of treatment in prisons.


The authors present a novel ultra-wideband antenna that has been developed by combining two radiating structures, the slotline antenna and the bowtie horn antenna. It is shown that this antenna can maintain a stable pattern throughout a wide bandwidth, in this case 2 to 18 GHz, a flat plateau-like main beam, low sidelobes, low voltage standing wave ratio, (VSWR) and independent control of E- and H-plane beamwidths, Applications range from satellite communication applications to feeds for compact range reflectors.<<ETX>>


We analytically derive a partial diagonalization of the Hamiltonian representing a quantum dot including spin-orbit interaction and Zeeman energy on an equal footing. It is shown that the interplay between these two terms results in a renormalization of the spin-orbit intensity. The relation between this feature and experimental observations on conductance fluctuations is discussed and good agreement between the model predictions and the experimental behavior is found.


Pneumonia and Hantavirus are the most threatening diseases due to which many people die. There are many reasons behind this but the main reason is that people don't get to know about it in early stages due to lack of experts and medical diagnostic facilities. This research paper focuses on developing a diagnostic system for prediction of hanta virus and pneumonia by using the concept of image processing in conjunction with machine learning. Proposed system will detect the disease from X-Ray images and use preprocessing technique that will remove the noise and disturbance in image. Feature extraction process is applied to extract the useful features of underlying image, and feature selection technique will further optimize the top ranking features. CNN algorithm is then applied to classify the images for detection of respiratory diseases. After detection of disease, report will be generated and submitted to patient. Keywords— CNN, Machine Learning, Image Processing, Feature Extraction


Abstract The mechanical properties of interactive marine-terrestrial (IMT) deposit soils differ from those of other deposits as a result of the complex sedimentary environments in which they are found. The creep behaviors of IMT deposits in Ningbo, China were studied via triaxial drained creep testing. The theory of fractal derivatives was then applied to develop a fractal merchant model, in which a fractal dashpot replaces the conventional Newtonian dashpot, to characterize the triaxial creep behaviors of IMT deposits. The model results indicate that Ningbo deposits demonstrate typical nonlinear creep behaviors. As the creep time and stress level increase, the creep process shows characteristics of transient creep attenuation and shear contraction. To validate the proposed fractal model, its predictive results were compared with the experimental results and those of conventional and fractional merchant models. It was found that the fractal merchant model results agree closely with the experimental results and that it was more accurate and efficient than the other models even though it applies the same number of parameters and has a simpler computational approach than the fractional merchant model.


Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most common causes of end-stage liver disease in HIV-infected patients. Three currently