annoying than the constant ring of the door-bell; and it is still more vexatious when we find that in many cases such rings are utterly purposeless. Yet many persons find this nuisance is increasing. Formerly hawkers, old clothes' men, costermongers, and flower dealers were content to announce their presence in the street by stentorian shouts; now they invade the front door-step and areagate. It is intensely unpleasant, in cold weather especially, to have the front door thrown open whilst the servant is vainly persuading the rough that neither brooms nor brushes, clothes' horses


Part 1 Introduction: Turkey and Europe, C. Balkir and A. Williams Turkey and the EC in the changing post-war international system, A. Eralp Turkey - the Mediterranean context, A.M. Williams. Part 2 Economic relationships: external pressures and the new policy outlook, G. Kazgan Turkey and the European Community - foreign trade and direct foreign investment in the 1980s, C. Balkir the human tie - international labour migration, A. Kadioglu. Part 3 Political and cultural relationships: Turkey and Greece - a difficult Aegean relationship, S.S. Gurel Turkey, the CIS and Eastern Europe, T. Ataov Islam in Turkey, F. Acar. Conclusions: looking to the future, C. Balkir and A.M. Williams.


An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was done involving 52 patients with cytohistological diagnosis non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2012, excluding those in which was a post-mortem diagnosis. Information about the demographic, clinical, radiological, diagnostic nature and extent, in patients with this diagnosis in the General Teaching Hospital "Dr. Agostinho Neto"Guantanamo. Most of them were men aged 60 or older, about 2:1 ratio compared to women; over 80% had comorbidity. Half of the cases had at least one entry in the year prior to diagnosis. In central lesions, bronchoscopy accounted for most diagnoses cytohistologic parameters, followed by sputum cytology in peripheral bronchoscopy also corresponded most diagnoses coupled with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent. Over 80% were diagnosed in advanced stages.


Introduction Laboratory diagnosis of schistosomiasis is based mainly on the detection of parasite eggs in stool samples through the Kato-Katz (KK) technique, reading one slide by test. However, a widely known limitation of parasitological methods is reduced sensitivity, particularly in low endemic areas. Methods In order to increase sensitivity, we conducted further slide readings from the same stool sample using the parasitological method associated with a serological test. We used the KK method (three slides) and the IgG anti- S.mansoni -ELISA technique, to diagnosis of schistosomiasis in low endemic areas in the Brazilian state of Ceara. Results Sixteen and 47.2 percent of samples were positive in parasitological tests and serological tests, respectively. Using parasitological methods, 32 (80%) individuals tested positive on the first slide, 06 (15%) on the second slide, and 02 (5%) on the third. The performance of the ELISA test in the diagnosis – using the KK method as diagnostic reference – showed a negative predictive value of 100%,  specificity and positive predictive value were 62.8% and 33.9%, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the increase from one to three slides analyzed per sample using the KK technique was shown to be a useful procedure for increasing the diagnostic sensitivity of this technique.


Total amount of 3H activity in primary coolant due to the operation of Tsuruga Power Station Unit No. 2 was estimated.The 3H inventory was measured for samples from the spent fuel pool, primary coolant and miscellaneous tanks.From the result of the measurement and the data of environmental release of 3H, the rate of generation of 3H in the reactor was found to be 25 TBq/GWa.Since Tsuruga Power Station Unit No.2 is a PWR type reactor, we presume that most of the 3H in primary coolant is formed by 10B (n, 2α) 3H reaction.It is necessary to release about 23 TBq/GWa of 3H to maintain the station inventory at the present level.


The article considers the peculiarities of the organization of judicial power in Italy. Considerable attention is paid to the concept of administrative justice according to foreign legal doctrine. The legal basis of the activities of administrative justice bodies in Italy was analyzed, the structure of administrative justice bodies and their main powers were revealed. The conclusion defines the place of administrative justice bodies in the Italian judicial system.


Neonatal exposure to high levels of manganese (Mn) has been indirectly implicated as a causal agent in attention 17 deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), since Mn toxicity and ADHD both involve dysfunction in brain dopamine (DA) 18 systems. This study was undertaken to examine this putative relationship in an animal model by determining if levels of 19 neonatal dietary Mn exposure were related to brain DA levels and/or behavioral tests of executive function (EF) when 20 the animals reached maturity. We used 32 newborn male Sprague-Dawley rats and randomly assigned them to one of 21 the four dietary Mn supplementation conditions: 0, 50, 250 and 500 mg per day, administered daily in water from post- 22 natal days 1-21. During days 50-64, the animals were given a burrowing detour test and a passive avoidance test. At 23 day 65, the animals were killed and brains were assayed for DA. There was a statistically significant relationship 24 (P ¼ 0:003) between dietary Mn exposure and striatal DA. On the burrowing detour and passive avoidance, greater 25 deficits were observed for animals subjected to higher Mn exposure, but these differences did not reach statistical 26 significance. However, tests for heterogeneity of variance between groups were statistically significant for all measures, 27 with positive relationship between Mn exposure and degree of within-group behavioral variability. Kendall's non- 28 parametric test of the relationship between the three behavioral measures and striatal DA levels was also statistically 29 significant (P ¼ 0:02). These results lend support to the hypothesis that neonatal Mn exposure is related to brain DA 30 levels and neurocognitive deficit in the rodent. # 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc. 31 Keywords: Dopamine; Behavior; Trace minerals; Manganese; Infant 32


The construction of newrural areas refers to the strengthening of cultural facilities as well as the economy in rural areas.Culture is historical-ly fused with the construction of the new rural areas and will influence and restrict the orientation of the development of rural areas.Without new culture,there will be no newtype farmers or newrural areas,not to mention the great cultural development in rural areas.


"It looks like you're still operating in the 1960s in here" my partner quips, as he looks over my shoulder into the "offensive" incision of an open inguinal hernia repair. e next day, I retort, "Wow... you're still doing your sham operation I see!" as I look up at the screen to see him violating what I believe to be the basic premise of the traditional pediatric inguinal hernia repair with his laparoscopic technique. Fortunately, my partners and I have the kind of relationship that allows for such jousting, even when we know they may reflect genuine disagreement. Inguinal hernia repair is the most common elective operation performed by pediatric surgeons. Unlike the adult version of the operation, pediatric inguinal hernia repair does not involve the use of mesh to reinforce weak tissue. e goal is simply to close a hole in the abdominal wall (the internal inguinal ring) that did not close as intended before birth.While performing the operation in boys, the surgeon's biggest concern is not injuring the vas deferens or blood supply to the testicle. Most pediatric surgeons repair inguinal hernias using the traditional open operation described by Marcy in 1871. e basic steps of the open inguinal hernia repair, which have seen little if any modification since first described in the late 1800s, are as follows: Make a skin incision based on external landmarks, open the tendon-like external oblique aponeurosis, identify and dissect the hernia sac off the testicular vessels and vas deferens (DON'T GRAB THE VAS), ligate and transect the hernia sac at the level of the internal ring, close the fascia and skin, and finally, call the parents and update them. In premature infants, the hernia sac is exceedingly thin and delicate, and the steps are occasionally modified as follows: Make a skin incision based on external landmarks, realize the incision is too high (5 mm too cephalad), reorient yourself to the landmarks, find the external oblique aponeurosis, dissect the hernia sac off the testicular vessels and vas deferens (DON'T GRAB THE VAS), tear the hernia sac, lose the edge of the torn hernia sac, begin to sweat, find the edge of the torn hernia sac, realize the tear extends into the peritoneal cavity, sweat some more, feel nauseated, retrieve the torn sac, complete the repair, and be grateful for your experience performing several hundred straightforward open inguinal hernia repairs before you found yourself in this mess. Call the parents and update them. In 1997, El-Gohary described the first laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in a pediatric patient. Since then, various laparoscopic approaches to inguinal hernia repair have been proposed. Unlike most laparoscopic operations that build on the basic principles of the original open version, the laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in children is a substantially different operation than the open repair. Although ligation of the hernia sac is still achieved, most versions of the laparoscopic repair violate what is felt by many to be a key requirement for success, namely, transection of the hernia sac after its ligation. is allows the internal ring to close completely. Simply ligating the hernia sac without transecting it results in incomplete closure of the internal ring because the retained hernia sac acts as a stent. Understandably, many pediatric surgeons believe that a retained sac results in an inferior operation with an increased risk for recurrence.is is supported by the multiple published articles that report a recurrence rate of 3% to 4%. is is at least 3 times the accepted recurrence rate of 1% with open hernia repair. I was first exposed to the laparoscopic approach to hernia repair duringmy pediatric surgery training in a program that was well known for advanced laparoscopic surgery. My seasoned attending surgeons advocated for laparoscopic repair of complex conditions like duodenal atresia and tracheo-esophageal fistulas, but they were skeptical of the laparoscopic approach to hernia repair, dismissing it as a gimmick, and snickering at the idea of performing one themselves. eir rule, the rule, is simple: a laparoscopic version of an operation should not have an inferior outcome. My decision was entrenched: Despite the many touted secondary benefits to the laparoscopic approach (Figure 1), the laparoscopic repair is not as good as the open repair, and I will not adopt it. When I joined e Permanente Medical Group in 2012, my partner had been repairing all pediatric inguinal hernias laparoscopically for years, using the percutaneous Tuohy needle technique.With this technique, and using a single port through the umbilicus, the peritoneum is first hydro-dissected


In this study, we describe a metagenomic approach which is a Next Generation Sequencing Technique (NGS) for the identification of biosurfactant-producing microbes present in the formation water sample in the oil fields of Upper Assam. This study also intends to investigate the possible use of the Bacillus subtilis OQ957160 strain (sb23) in the brown fields of Upper Assam for improving recovery of crude oil. Biosurfactant-producing strains like Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas Putida, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and were described and examined based on their capacity to degrade crude oil to produce biosurfactants. Bacillus subtilis OQ957160 strain (sb23) was selected for further study based on its biosurfactant production capability and better interfacial tension reduction (IFT) and surface tension (ST) properties. Through changes to the growing environment, such as carbon source, temperature, pH, and salinity, the dynamics of growth research of the identified strain sb23 was done. Lipopeptide (Surfactin) was identified as the produced biosurfactant. After 70 hours of incubation under ideal conditions, the maximum biosurfactant production of 6000 mg/L and the minimum interfacial tension & surface tension of 0.98 and 23.8 mN/m were attained. At the value of 475 mg/L the biosurfactant solution exhibited critical micelle concentrations (CMC). Additionally, the biosurfactant exhibits outstanding surface activity throughout a wide temperature range of 35-95°C and at salinities ranging from 0.0-16.0% (w/v) and pH 2.0 -10.0. Under reservoir conditions, the produced biosurfactant from strain (sb23) is used in microbial flooding tests to recover an additional 7.85% of heavy crude oil. As a result, the isolated strain sb23 has the potential to significantly improve oil recovery from depleted oil fields of Upper Assam.


The authors have examined the role of cadmium as a modifier and have made a detailed study of the catalytic behavior of (Pt + Cd)/lambda-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Cadmium modifies an aluminum-platinum catalyst and stabilized the dispersed structure of the platinum, which increases the selectivity in the aromatization of alkanes (with reference to heptane under severe conditions) and increases the selectivity in gasoline reforming. The modifying action of cadmium can be explained on the assumption that the lambda-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ bears bimetallic clusters containing Pt and Cd atoms in a ratio 1:1, which is confirmed by the platinum retaining equiatomic amounts of cadmium on partial removal during H/sub 2/ treatment at elevated temperatures.


Origanum genus includes 43 species and 18 hybrids. Sixteen species are endemic for Turkey. Due to the spicy fragrance, Origanum has been widely used in food products as flavoring agents. These species are well known for their essential oils which have been applied in food and cosmetic industries. Origanum Solymicum P.H. Davis was collected from Kemer, Antalya. The aerial part of plant materials were dried and powdered then boiled in water. After filtration, water phase was partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-butanol sequentially. After removal of the solvent by rotary evaporator, the chromatographic methods were applied for ethyl acetate extract to isolate the bioactive compounds. 3,4-dihdroxy benzoic acid (protocatechuic acid) (1), 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (protocatechuic aldehyde) (2), 2- O-s -D- glycopyronozyl-4,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (myrciaphenone) (3), caffeic acid (4), rosmarinic acid (5), lithospermic acid B (6) were isolated by chromatographic techniques (column chromatography, preparative HPLC) and spectroscopic methods (1D, 2D NMR, LC-TOF/MS) were used for elucidation of isolated compounds. All isolated natural products revealed the outstanding activities on antioxidant assays including DPPH • free radical scavenging, ABTS •+ radical cation scavenging, and reducing power (FRAP).


When ACT Financial Systems Ltd began to implement a Quality Management System over four years ago, it was with the intention of providing a system to support the growth which the company had experienced and provide a platform to sustain that growth. Since then the company has gone through many changes and as part of the ACT Group, is actively engaged in growth through acquisition. The policy of ACT Financial Systems is to implement the QMS across the whole of the company and there have been major extensions to the QMS both in terms of scope and geographical coverage as the company has grown. The paper will trace the history of the implementation of our QMS and show how the QMS is designed to provide standardisation, where relevant, whilst allowing for different methods of development to continue on our wide variety of products. The paper will conclude by emphasising that certification of the QMS is not the end of the process, it must continue to be maintained to reflect enhanced working practices caused by new technology and changes in market requirements. Thus showing that an effectively implemented QMS and it's subsequent maintenance will allow an expanding company to meet the requirements of it's existing users and still maintain the flexibility to respond to changing markets and technology. Transactions on Information and Communications Technologies vol 8, © 1994 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3517


The Algerian War of Independence was one of the most controversial military conflicts associated with "decolonization," the dismantling of European overseas empires after World War II. The great majority of Algeria's population live in a long coastal plain along the southwestern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, and in mixed forest and mountain country intermingled with that coastal plain. Its location made Algeria coveted by ambitious empires throughout its history. Conflict between France and the Ottoman Turkish Empire prompted a French invasion in 1830, which framed the twentieth-century war of independence.

Keywords:

africa;
imperial history;
military history;
terrorism


In wireless sensor networks (WSN), extensive life span requirement for diverse application and inadequate energy storage ability of sensor nodes has led to the discovery of a new field for reducing the power consumed by nodes. To increase the sensor node's life period, protocols have to be energy efficient so as to reduce energy consumption in each layer mainly physical layer (power consumption control), MAC layer (retransmission control) and network layer (routing protocol). In this paper, we explore various protocols in MAC layer, and Network layer to provide an energy efficient network.


The implications of the attachment relationship between children and their preschool teachers was investigated. Sixty-two preschool-age children and their teachers were studied to assess relations between the quality of attachment relationships and social competence. Results indicate that attachment security with teacher is related to prosocial behavior and teacher-rated social competence in the preschool. In addition, evidence suggests that when the child–mother attachment relationship is insecure, a secure attachment relationship with a preschool teacher may partially compensate for the insecure relationship. Children who were insecurely attached to mother but securely attached to teacher had higher teacher-rated social competence, were more prosocial, and were more positive emotionally than children who were insecurely attached to both mother and teacher.


Exclusion is one of the sociological categories that best describes our times and, the economic crisis in which we are still immersed is reflected on it. If problems such as school failure and drop-out are not seriously tackled, educational exclusion will end up being synonymous with poverty and social exclusion. This idea is part of the concerns of institutions and agencies in educational policy both nationally and internationally. But these challenges and menaces that threaten education and society as a whole need to be solved by means of new approaches that address this problem more rigorously. It is essential to think of education from radically different presuppositions that make possible for the school context to cease to be a space of inequality production. Authors of this article start with Levinasian ethics and propose a model based on pedagogical otherness, so that the main aim is moving towards a less discriminatory and selective society. It is an ethic of compassion and responsibility that materializes in the "victims" recovery, in this case the excluded or dismissed. Educating for inclusion and equality necessarily involves responding to the other as a vulnerable and needy person. From this new perspective, the ethical dimension of education is reflected in a lifestyle guided by moral values both inside and outside of the classroom.


Background Post-adolescent acne is a common skin disease faced by adults. However, whether air pollution (AP) serves as a risk factor for post-adolescent acne remains elusive. Aim To determine the relationship between short-term AP exposure (within 7 days) and outpatient visits for post-adolescent acne. Methods Daily outpatient visit data for post-adolescent acne and routinely AP data between 2010 and 2013 were collected from Xi'an, China. A generalized additive regression model was used to analyze the relationship between outpatient visits for post-adolescent acne and short-term ambient AP exposure. The gender-specific analyses were conducted as well. Results Totally, 27,190 outpatient visits for post-adolescent acne were included. The results revealed that a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10, SO2, and NO2 at lag 0–7 day was associated with the increase of outpatient visits for post-adolescent acne at 0.84% (95% CI: 0.53%, 1.16%), 1.61% (95% CI: 0.12%, 3.10%), and 3.50% (95% CI: 1.60%, 5.40%), respectively. The significant positive associations of PM10, SO2, and NO2 were found at both single-lag models and moving average models. The gender-specific analyses showed that the effect estimates of PM10 was stronger for females than for males, while there was no observed gender difference in the effects of SO2 and NO2. Conclusion Short-term exposure to AP was associated with increased outpatient visits for post-adolescent acne, especially for females in the effects of PM10.


Forest fires are one of the most important environmental risks that have adverse effects on many aspects of life, such as the economy, environment, and health. The early detection, quick prediction, and rapid response of forest fires can play an essential role in saving property and life from forest fire risks. For the rapid discovery of forest fires, there is a method using meteorological data obtained from local sensors installed in each area by the Meteorological Agency. Meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature, wind) influence forest fires. This study evaluated a Data Mining (DM) approach to predict the burned area of forest fires. Five DM models, e.g., Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forests (RF), and Deep Neural Network (DNN), and four feature selection setups (using spatial, temporal, and weather attributes), were tested on recent real-world data collected from Gyeonggi-do area over the last five years. As a result of the experiment, a DNN model using only meteorological data showed the best performance. The proposed model was more effective in predicting the burned area of small forest fires, which are more frequent. This knowledge derived from the proposed prediction model is particularly useful for improving firefighting resource management.


This paper examines the complexities underlying resume writing in relation to current recruitment practices and classroom instruction in Singapore. Interviews were conducted with several corporate personnel from the private and public sectors to identify the essential elements of an effective resume. The fi ndings were then compared with the opinions gathered from a survey administered to a group of university lecturers teaching a course on resume writing. The results of the study showed that differing opinions about what constitutes an effective resume exist between the corporate personnel and lecturers. We argue that classroom instruction for teaching resume writing or any other professional genre should include the voices of corporate personnel. It should also adopt a dialogic approach which would allow learners to critically engage in the writing process by paying close attention to socio-cultural contexts. Background of the Study The advent of the internet has brought about many changes to the recruitment process. In the past, the job-seeking ritual usually began with the job seeker going through newspaper job advertisements and then preparing a job application package which typically consisted of a job application letter and a resume. At present, with the ubiquity of the information superhighway, more and more job vacancies can be found online with just a click of the mouse providing job seekers with an expansive avenue to search for their desired jobs. Moreover, the internet has also made applying for jobs much more convenient. In the past postal mail was the vehicle for sending out job applications but now job seekers can submit their job applications online and it is usually received by the hiring managers within seconds. The English Teacher Vol. XXXVIII 96 Although the internet has improved the recruitment process to a large extent and expedited communication between hiring managers and job applicants, it has not removed certain traditional practices in the recruitment process. For instance, in most cases, job seekers are still compelled to prepare their resumes as the fi rst step towards clinching an employment opportunity. Resumes still play an integral role in the recruitment process. It is often perceived as an important business document that creates a great impact on actual recruitment (Scollon & Scollon, 2002, p. 54). For job seekers, a well-written resume is the fi rst step in attracting employment opportunities. For recruiters, resumes help to sieve out potential candidates before they are called up for job interviews. Either way, an effective resume creates a potential job opportunity and it is ever more important for both job seekers as well as recruiters in the increasingly competitive and globalized job market. In some parts of the world resume writing has turned into a lucrative business. For instance, professional resume writing is a stable industry in America (Scollon & Scollon, 2002). On the other hand, in Singapore, job applicants employ the services of professional resume writers for support. Local bookstores and libraries are stocked with a large variety of books on resume writing, many originating from North America. Furthermore, many tertiary institutions in Singapore offer professional writing courses which almost always include resume writing. The wide range of resources available should no doubt enlighten job applicants, especially fresh graduates or would-be graduates on what constitutes an effective resume. However, our teaching experience seems to tell us otherwise. The impetus for this study was from our experience teaching resume writing in a communication skills course for fi nal-year students at a Singapore university. Our experience reaffi rmed the fi ndings of past studies which conclude that a gap exists between the classroom and the workplace (Brown & Herndl, 1986; Barbara, Celani, Collins & Scott, 1996; Crosling & Ward, 2002). We encountered this fi rsthand when we received feedback from our students that what we taught them about resume writing was somewhat different from information they had obtained from a resume writing workshop organized by the university's career centre. While we suggested to our students to separate their resumes into clearly defi ned headings such as "Educational Qualifi cations" and "Work Experience" to describe such experiences exclusively, the trainer from the workshop provided a different suggestion. According to this trainer, all experiences within a particular time frame should be included under the same heading regardless of their differences or similarities. For instance, for a fi nal-year university student in Singapore, university life typically encompasses studies, industrial attachment, extra-curricular activities and possibly some part-time work. Based on the trainer's recommendation, a The English Teacher Vol. XXXVIII 97 graduating student's resume should include a heading entitled, "Educational Background" which contains all experiences, such as those mentioned above which are related to university life. Besides this minor "confl ict" with the trainer who purportedly belongs to the corporate world, our knowledge about resume writing was also constantly challenged by some of our mature students who had had some working experience before resuming their studies. They wanted to know if our instruction aligns with real-world practices since they could not agree with some of our recommendations such as not including a photo, excluding personal information, writing short phrases instead of paragraphs and so on. Resume writing is a major component in the communication skills course that we were teaching to graduating students at the university. Many of the students enrolled in the course were motivated to learn about resume writing to prepare for their real job applications. We felt that it was our responsibility to provide accurate information that would enable them to write their resumes confi dently, thus leading them to securing job interviews. But to do this, we had to ensure that our classroom instruction coincided with actual recruitment practices. To provide reliable information about resume writing from the standpoint of academia which is sometimes perceived as far removed from reality such as in the case of ESP pedagogy (Adam & Artemeva, 2002; Auerbach, 2002; Belcher, 2004), we felt that it was important to hear the voices of professionals involved in the recruitment process. This paper therefore, is a preliminary attempt to explore the perceptions of corporate personnel and language educators in order to gain insights into the extent of the gap between real world expectations and classroom instruction. By giving a voice to professionals who are involved in the actual recruitment process, it is hoped that this study can raise awareness amongst language educators to realign the genre-based approach with socio-cultural contexts in relation to teaching resume writing. More importantly, students need to realise that resumes are representations of themselves in the world and should take on different appearances depending on the disciplines involved. Therefore, they should not use a one-size-fi ts-all approach to write their resumes. The Genre-based Approach and Resume Writing Advancements in technology, growth in scholarly communication and especially increased mobility of foreign students to English speaking domains during the mid-80s and early 90s required language educators to radically shift from teaching generalist English to teaching English for Specifi c Purposes (ESP) which later branched out into teaching English for Occupational Purposes (EOP), English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and so on. This change was based on the rationale that uninitiated The English Teacher Vol. XXXVIII 98 learners were unable to engage effectively with the discourses of their new disciplines. According to Belcher and Briane (1995), the process of learning to cope in a new discourse community can be described as cognitive and social; cognitive because it involves thought processing with specifi c objectives for a specifi c audience and social because it is produced specifi cally for a narrow, specialized readership. Therefore, understanding the needs and expectations of a specifi c discourse community is imperative. The recommended approach was to explicitly inform new learners about the generic structures and lexico-grammatical patterns of a specifi c genre that is practised and accepted by their new discourse community so that the new knowledge gained will be appropriated, transferred and applied directly to their own production later (Chan & Foo, 2006). For more than three decades, the dominant practice in ESP adopted the one-size-fi ts-all genre-based teaching approach. Swales (1990) pioneered analyses of the research article in terms of its generic structure and linguistic patterns. The approach was also adopted in teaching business and legal writing (Bhatia, 1993, 2008). Similarly, for job search skills, one of the genres taught is the resume where learners are informed explicitly about its standard structure and general linguistic patterns (Locker & Kazcmarek, 2008). Even though the genre-based approach appears to be the dominant approach for instructing ESP, it has been heavily criticized for not catering to disciplinespecifi c needs and for being too dogmatic and prescriptive (Adam & Artemeva, 2002; Auerbach, 2002; Pennycook, 1997; Spack, 1988). Often the blame is put on inadequate guidance from language educators who have been assigned to instruct novice writers but who may not be in touch with the real-life contexts that their learners will encounter later in their professions (Belcher, 2004). Researchers also found that in reality, structural and linguistic rhetorical patterns vary across disciplines, giving grounds for further criticisms of Swales' earlier and other similar genre-based approaches (Cheng, 2006, 2008; Flowerdew, 20


A measurement error model proposed previously allows for correlations between subject‐specific biases and between random within‐subject errors in the surrogates obtained from two modes of measurement. However, most of these model parameters are not identifiable from the standard validation study design, including, importantly, the attenuation factor needed to correct for bias in relative risk estimates due to measurement error. We propose validation study designs that permit estimation and inference for the attenuation factor and other parameters of interest when these correlations are present. We use an estimating equations framework to develop semi‐parametric estimators for these parameters, exploiting instrumental variables techniques. The methods are illustrated through application to data from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals' Follow‐up Study, and comparisons are made to more restrictive models. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Research paper presented at one-day international conference in the Department of Art History, University of Edinburgh.
This paper explores the aesthetics of blur in photography, specifically its function of simultaneously denoting and obscuring violence. In photojournalism and documentary photography, blur often signals an 'authentic' encounter with physical violence; a signification that is also transferrable to other genres of photography. Physical violence is not just movement, but movement that is somehow out of control – the camera registers the locus of violence as blur; a moment of transgression in which the camera's drive to render the world orderly and composed is most challenged. The paper uses a range of examples through which to consider photographic blur as both an indexical and symbolic marker of violence, focusing in particular on documentary photography on the subject of domestic abuse. The title of the paper is a quote from Terry Eagleton's definition of aesthetics.


The invention relates to a preparation method for an expansion type melamine hypophosphite fire retardant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adopting a water phase synthesis method, adding melamine and hypophosphorous acid with the molar ratio of 1:0.5 to 3 into water, stirring the mixture for reaction for 2 hours at 0 to 100 DEG C at a stirring speed of 300r/min, then carrying out the suction filtration and washing of the reaction product, and drying the reaction product for 3 hours at 150 DEG C to obtain the melamine hypophosphite fire retardant. The preparation method has simplicity, quickness, high efficiency, no halogen, environmental friendliness, low cost and high economic benefits. In addition, the prepared fire retardant has high phosphorus content, is a solid at room temperature, and has high thermal stability and high compatibility with high polymers. The fire retardant not only can be used for a polyolefin halogen-free fire retardation system, but also can be used for the halogen-free fire retardation of engineering plastics such as polyester, polyamide, and the like.


Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) have been gaining interest in recent years as this technology has the potential to become a low-cost, mechanically pliable sister technology for multilayer printed circuit boards (PCBs). One of the limitations of rigid PCB is low endurance to mechanical bending, this limitation poses a threat to the efficacy for wearable applications. During bending, a substrate experiences both compressive and tensile stress. These stresses are similar in magnitude but opposite in direction. This difference in directionality creates a non-linear stress gradient in a via which impacts the structural integrity, endurance and bending reliability of a circuit during its operation. Additionally, as flexible substrates can be bent to a higher bending radius, the magnitude of maximum extrinsic stresses observed on flexible substrates could be higher than the stress observed on rigid substrates. Hence, the reliability and mechanical compliance of through-hole-plastic-vias for reliable flexible circuits need to be understood. In this study, we have developed a process to create vias on flexible substrates using a rapid commercial laser (Nd-YaG laser) to study the effects on via resistance due to three different variables—bending stresses, via diameter and via length. A novel non-destructive approach (CT-scanner) was used to scan the via structures and determine the filling for all via diameters from 50 to 450 µm and via lengths of 7, 10 mils. Two different configurations of vias were used to measure and analyze the effect of mechanical cycling on via resistance and via filling. This demonstration of electrical and mechanical testing of vias and novel methodologies for via filling, and via electrical resistance can contribute to better design and fabrication guidelines of multi-layer FHE circuits.


We present a novel algorithm for unsupervised subcategorization of an object class, in the context of object detection. Dividing the detection problem into smaller subproblems simplifies the object vs. background classification.


One of the major challenges that membrane
manufacturers, commercial enterprises and the scientific community in the field
of membrane-based filtration or reverse osmosis (RO) desalination have to deal
with is system performance retardation due to membrane fouling. In this
respect, the prediction of fouling or system performance in membrane-based
systems is the key to determining the mid and long-term plant operating
conditions and costs. Despite major research efforts in the field, effective
methods for the estimation of fouling in RO desalination plants are still in
infancy, for example, most of the existing methods, neither consider the
characteristics of the membranes such as the spacer geometry, nor the
efficiency and the day to day chemical cleanings. Furthermore, most studies
focus on predicting a single fouling indicator, e.g., flux decline. Faced with
the limits of mathematical or numerical approach, in this paper, machine
learning methods based on Multivariate Temporal Convolutional Neural networks
(MTCN), which take into account the membrane characteristics, feed water
quality, RO operation data and management practice such as Cleaning In Place
(CIP) will be considered to predict membrane fouling using measurable multiple
indicators. The temporal convolution model offers one the capability to explore
the temporal dependencies among a remarkably long historical period and has
potential use for operational diagnostics, early warning and system optimal
control. Data collected from a Desalination RO plant will be used to demonstrate the capabilities of the prediction
system. The method achieves remarkable predictive accuracy (root mean square
error) of 0.023, 0.012 and 0.007 for the relative differential pressure and
permeates Total Dissolved solids (TDS) and the feed pressure,
respectively.


THE TWENTIETH ANNUAL conference of the American Society of University Composers, hosted by Arizona State University from March 28-30, 1985, was small yet satisfying. Since unforeseen problems delayed much of the usual preconference publicity and general planning, it is to the credit of the entire ASU staff and administration that this conference was admirably well-organized, under the capable direction of conference coordinator Amy Holbrook and codirectors David Cohen, James DeMars, and Glenn Hackbarth, who maintained the high performance standards of past national events, presenting forty-three compositions in seven concerts. The program committee (Barney Childs, Thomas Cleman, and Robert Stewart) selected twelve papers and arranged two panel discussions in addition to the tone-setting speech and a presentation by Margaret Jory of ASCAP. The customary business meetings, hurried meals and general socializing, including a pleasant repast Thursday evening at one of the Phoenix resorts, rounded out this felicitous event.


A novel B/N co-doped porous carbon nanosheet with a high heteroatom doping content has been successfully prepared. Using amino-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) as the template, oxidation polymerization of aniline, 3-aminophenylboronic acid, and m-phenylenediamine generates GO-based polyaniline nanosheets functionalized with boronic acid (GO-CBP). After high-temperature treatment, graphene-based B/N co-doped carbon nanosheets (G-CBP) are obtained, which show a typical 2D morphology with a thickness of ∼20 nm. After CO2 activation at 1000 °C, the obtained porous carbon nanosheets (G-CBP-a) have a thickness of ∼17 nm and a high specific surface area of 363 m2 g−1. Benefiting from its high surface area, unique 2D sheet nanostructure, and high heteroatom-doping contents (5.4% B and 5.3% N), G-CBP-a exhibits excellent electrochemical performance for the oxygen reduction reaction under alkaline conditions (0.1 M KOH), with a low half-wave potential (−0.27 V for G-CBP-a versus −0.18 V for Pt/C), a dominant four-electron transfer mechanism (n = 3.78 at −0.45 V), and excellent methanol tolerance and durability (10% current decrease after 20 000 s operation), as well as a high diffusion-limiting current density (JL = −4.5 mA cm−2).


Supply chain management has many advantages to enterprises involve in business competition.But supply chain also has many risks for uncertain market and asymmetric information of cooperative enterprises and other stochastic factors.On the basis of cost-type and according to uncertain multiple attribute decision making theory,it provides the supply chain decision model.


Computing Scan Statistic p Values Using Importance Sampling, with Applications to Genetics and Medical Image Analysis Author(s): Daniel Q. Naiman and Carey E. Priebe Source: Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, Vol. 10, No. 2 (Jun., 2001), pp. 296328 Published by: American Statistical Association, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and Interface Foundation of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1391013 Accessed: 09/12/2010 11:56


The paper discussed key problems of measurement of reliability indexes of safety monitoring and control system of coal mine such as determination of invalidation range,set of scale of test system,design of test stress and selection of test scheme,and proposed two measuring methods of reliability indexes of safety monitoring and control system of coal mine named direct measuring method and indirect measuring method.Through comparison of the two methods' advantages and disadvantages,the conclusion was gotten that the indirect measuring method is more suitable for measurement of reliability indexes of safety monitoring and control system of coal mine.


In this paper, we show how to synthesize sequential circuits for hazard-free robust path delay fault testability using a method called synthesis for parallel scan. Utilizing a new clocking scheme and a previous method for synthesizing completely robustly testable combinational circuits, we first show how complete (i.e. 100%) robust testalsility of sequential circuits can be guaranteed without using enhanced scan, when the number of primary inputs and primary outputs of the sequential circuit is each at least as large as the number of latches. This condition is met by many, but not all, sequential circuits. However, no previous method could guarantee complete robust testability of all path delay faults in a sequential circuit without assuxning complete enhanced scan. When the number of outputs is less (but the number of inputs is more) than the number of latches, we can ensure high, but not necessarily coimplete, robust testability, although for all the benchmarks we considered we did obtain 100% robust testability. For all these methods we only need non-scan, normal latches. The area overheads are relatively small.


The present study was conducted in the year 2015-2017; different methods for isolation and preservation methods were tested in CABI lab for 2 years to standardize the long term less expensive preservation technique for Trichoderma viride fungus. Multiple serial dilutions and multiple serial dilutions with 0.05% of Twen-20 were tested and proved to be best for isolation on PDA media. For long term, inexpensive storage; different techniques were tested for preservation of Trichoderma viride which were previously proved to be best for short term and long term storage to other group of fungus. Drying method proved to be best for the preservation of Trichoderma viride for long period of time. It is an easy, convenient, economical, and effective tool for the preservation of Trichoderma viride isolate. Longer monitoring of Trichoderma viride isolate and storage would further validate the reliability strains. Also, the stability of Trichoderma viride should be further assessed by molecular parameters. Drying is not only reliable but is very inexpensive and easy to use in any laboratory with few resources


This article describes how to use the Microsoft Visual InterDev 6.0 , a new WEB development system to create parameterized and dynamic database queries. We can conclude that the best and highest performance way is after been listed several solutions of query in ASP applications.


Perhaps it will be best to begin with the national field. The federal government itself offers wide opportunities for the public health worker-more for the man who has special training in medicine, in the sanitary sciences, in engineering, in statistics than for the person with social work training alone. Yet it cannot be too strongly emphasized that the physician who is perfectly competent in private practice or in some special branch of medicine is


The synthesis of some organic phospaspirobicyclic compounds were introduced in this paper, and their applications as well as the development tendency were discussed.


Top-dressing of a permanent pasture on Rideau clay was made to compare the top-dressing with superphosphate applied in the spring with manure and/or superphosphate applied in the fall The data from the yield of dry matter and the phosphorus content were analysed statistically for each of five dates of clipping and between dates This evaluation showed yield differences between dates of clipping but not for treatments The phosphorus content was increased more effectively by manure applied in the fall or superphosphate applied in the spring than by superphosphate applied in the fall Superimposing of one top-dressing on another was without effect on the yield or phosphorus content of the herbage The rainfall pattern for the season was such that both yield and phosphorus content were greater in May and September These studies were supplemented by an experiment conducted in the greenhouse during the winter using cylinders of the sward cut to the depth of the pot and fertilization with phosphate and manure Chemi...


Black and white pepper have been considered as the most important perennial crops in some regions of Indonesia yet it took about 3-5 years before the plant start producing. One of the possible approaches to maintain the income of the farmer in the perennial plantation is multi-cropping with high-value annual crops, such as vegetables. However, many pests of vegetables already showed resistance to the common synthetic pesticide applied on the black pepper plant. Thus, it is necessary to apply another strategy for pest control, by applying entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, bioassays and field efficacy of two local isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps sp.) against one of the most insecticide-resistant pests, larvae of Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabr.) was conducted. In this study, exposure to 1 x 104 conidia mL−1 to 1 x 107 conidia mL−1 resulted in mean larval mortalities from 23.33 to 100% in two days. The probit analysis showed that the LC50 of B. bassiana was estimated at 4.26 x 104 conidia mL−1 which significantly more toxic than Cordyceps sp. (1.57 x 105 conidia mL−1) although the lethal time was similar. From the field tests, cabbage was sprayed with suspension contained 107 conidia mL−1. Means percent of mortality for all treatments was more than 75% and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control (tween 80). Conidia of Cordyceps sp. in palm oil cooking oil offered the most promising result against the C. pavonana.


It is the purpose of this paper to show how long term care facilities can develop into multi-programmed settings. This study examines the structure for developing additional programs and controlling them, while at the same time protecting the assets and viability of each program setting. In addition, it is shown how a single voluntary corporation has been able to sponsor additional community based programs with minimal investment of dollars and personnel.


There are three changes of political development and socio economic development in the process of modernization in Bangladesh.It forms the benign interaction of political development and socio economic development, promotes the cultural, educational cause of progress, and forms a relatively harmonious democracy community.


AIMS
This study aimed to focus on the detection of early-stage breast tumor and its location.

BACKGROUND
Breast Cancer is the disease with the highest rate of progression and mortality among women. Due to breast cancer/tumors, the risk of mortality for women has risen exponentially. Between 2006 and 2010, women died from carcinoma at a rate of 123.8 cases per lakh, well ahead of the 2020 deadline for breast cancer. This problem may be also overcome by early identification of the tumor using different detection procedures like X-ray mammography, computerized tomography, ultrasound imaging technique, positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and microwave imaging [1]-[5]. Researchers have carried out multiple studies in these areas.

OBJECTIVE
To detect early-stage breast tumor and its location using SAR analysis.

METHODS
The major dielectrical difference between cancerous breast tissues and normal tissues in this technique is the microwave frequency range. The term Specific absorption rate (SAR) describes the amount of energy that is absorbed (W/Kg) in the breast tissue. This segment illustrates the usefulness of diagnosing the tumor position in the breast by means of maximum SAR value coordinates. Changes in breast and tumor size are important for the risk of diagnosis. The power absorbed in connecting with a normal breast and a tumor breast is measured and equivalent for different breast masses. The maximum SAR is also analyzed at distinct tumor locations at various frequency ranges.

RESULTS
It is observed that max SAR coordinates are very close to the actual tumor location. So, the maximal value of SAR coordinates indicates the existence of tumor in the breast phantom.

CONCLUSION
The simulated data above strongly suggests that the Max SAR values were higher in the breast phantom with tumor as compared to the breast without tumor. With different tumor radius (3 mm and 5 mm) analyzed with different resonant frequencies like 3GHz, 4GHz, and 5GHz at actual tumor locations of (0, 0, 35). Even though a model representing the real properties of breast tissue is required to assess the validation of any imaging process, so the real-time development of equivalent breast phantom and its execution is needed.


Objective : Adeno associated virus (AAV) is a human DNA virus and is included in the Parvovirus family. AAV has been detected in cervical tissues as well as cervical cancer cell lines. Previous studies showed that AAV infection has some negative effects on HPV infection and that the cervical cancer cell growth is inhibited by AAV infection. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of AAV 2 infection and its possible roles for influencing HPV 16 and 18 infection in Korean women by analyzing adjacent normal, CIN, and invasive cervical cancer tissue samples. Methods : CIN I (20), CIN II (24), CIN III (25), invasive cervical cancer (23) tissues were investigated by microdissection and PCR analyses using primers of HPV 16, 18 and AAV 2 as well as -globin as an internal control. Results : AAV 2 was detected in 57 out of 92 cervical lesion biopsies. Among these, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia and invasive cancer showed 55% (11/20), 95.8% (23/24), 52% (13/25) and 52.2% (12/23), respectively. However, HPV 16 was detected in 14 out of 92 cervical lesion biopsies. Among these, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia and invasive cancer showed 0% (0/20), 8.3% (2/24), 24% (6/25) and 26.1% (6/23), respectively. HPV 18 was detected in 3 out of 92 cervical lesion biopsies. Among these, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia and invasive cancer showed 0% (0/20), 4.2% (1/24), 8% (2/25) and 0% (0/23), respectively. In contrast, In 92 perilesional normal biopsies, AAV 2, HPV 16 and HPV 18 were detected to be 57.6% (53/92), 3.3% (3/92) and 0% (0/92), respectively. Conclusion : AAV 2 was detected in CIN and invasive cervical cancer biopsies by microdissection and PCR analyses in Korean women. It is difficult to confirm any significant roles of AAV 2 infection for developing cervical cancer. However, we observe that there is some correlation between AAV 2 and HPV infection in the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. Further research remains to be done to further elucidate AAV 2 infection and its role for HPV infection and cervical cancer.


A systematic study is described to address various design and implementation issues associated with the problem of real-time bus holding control. Two holding control models have been investigated. The first model follows the conventional threshold-based control logic that determines holding times on the basis of headway to the preceding bus. The second model makes use of both preceding and following headways in identifying optimal control decisions with the assumption that real-time bus location information is available for estimating future bus arrivals at the control stop. An extensive simulation analysis is performed using a real-fife bus route operated by the Grand River Transit of the region of Waterloo, Ontario. The simulation results have substantiated several conclusions and yielded new findings on various issues such as where to set the control point, how many control points should be used, what is the optimal control strength, and what is the value of real-time location information.


Paederia foetida (Linn.) is one of the medicinal plants containing various bioactive compounds (e.g., beta-sitosterol and ursolic acid), which has been widely used in medicine and cuisine among different communities. It exhibits several pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer. However, its toxicity on the liver and kidney, as well as its effect on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, lacks documentation. Therefore, the toxic effects of P. foetida on the liver and kidney and metabolizing enzymes were explored. In a recent study, male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups and gavaged daily with 0–1,000 mg/kg BW of a P. foetida extract (PFE) for 8 weeks. After euthanasia, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected and subjected to histological and biochemical analysis. The important cytochrome P450 mainly expressed in the rat liver, including Cyp3a1, Cyp2d1, and Cyp2c6 , was investigated. There were no changes in body and organ weight between groups. However, the liver weight of rats treated with 1,000 mg/kg BW PFE was increased when compared to the control group. The liver and kidney histopathology were observed with no difference between groups. The markers of liver damage (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) and kidney damage (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) between all groups showed no change. Cyp3a1 , Cyp2d1 , and Cyp2c6 mRNA expression levels among PFE-treated groups were decreased in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that subchronic exposure to this extract significantly reduces Cyp3a1 , Cyp2d1 , and Cyp2c6 expressions in rat livers without toxicity or change in histology and biochemical data. However, its concomitant use with prescription drugs needs further investigation.


In this paper there are presented specific aspects concerning the accomplishment of joints by brazing in medium frequency currents of metal carbide plates on the alloyed steel body of the detachable bits used for percussive and pivoting drilling. Also, there are presented certain aspects related to the calculation of size determination for the inductors used to accomplish the joining, according to the required geometry of the drill bits used for the perforation of rocks and coal.


Danielle Dion-Jones kicks off a series on inspiring ways to teach languages with a look at using cultural contexts to engage, motivate and raise pupils' attainment.


ABSTRACT

Thinking about the accessibility and inclusion of deaf people in the facilities of the Institudo Federal do Para - Campus Santarem, we sought to develop an Extension Project for the teaching of Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS) in the facilities of the institute from 2018 to 2019, whose target audience were IFPA servants and students, in addition to places offered to students and teachers outside the institution. The work aimed to contribute to the teaching and learning of Brazilian Sign Language, as well as its grammatical structure and functionality in society. The project was developed following an execution schedule. Initially, we raised the number of people interested, then the availability of days and free time so that we could organize the schedule of the meetings, according to the availability of the institute and people interested. The result was satisfactory due to the number of participants, making it necessary to repeat the project in the years to come.

KEY WORDS: LIBRAS, EDUCATION, DEAF PEOPLE, LIBRAS TRAINING


This article attempts to show the influence of Enric Miralles' project in Santa Rosa's park (1992-2001), in Mollet del Valles (North-West of Barcelona). How in the middle of an empty, degraded, and useless field, the contemporaneous architect assumes the responsibility of intervene to give live to this wasteland generating an ideal landscape, amending the breach previously existing in the surroundings. This project proves that there are still some models and practices that enlighten the future of public space in contemporary city. The park shows that the local authorities chose the right man for the job. Nowadays, the people of the districts of Santa Rosa, Plana Lledo and Can Borrell (a very old neighborhood, a working-class district of the 60's and a new neighborhood) walk freely and enjoy collectively of the environment.


Fifty samples of buccal swabs were collected from male oral cavity, then genomic DNA was extracted from each sample by two methods, the manual organic phenol chloroform methods and prepfiler forensic extraction kit methods.The concentration of genomic DNA extracted was measured by using Quantifiler® Duo Kit throughout detection the SRY (FAM™-labeled probe), RPPH1(VIC®-labeled probe) and an Internal Positive Control-IPC (NED™-labeled probe).Results showed that the concentration of genomic DNA in buccal swab was ranged between 0.26 and 9.422 ng/ul. these samples work with a serial dilution decimal, as well as PCR .Then introduced to the device 3130xl Genetic Analyzer 16-capillary array system, The results showed that the concentrations is preferable which is located between 25-50 pg, as this did not appear in the concentrations of any problems and the emergence of the peaks clearly Compared with the ALLELIC ladder and positive control, After the election concentrations were chosen Thresholds, Peak amplitude thresholds.


In order to improve the precision,stability and reliability of on-line dissolved oxygen(DO) survey meter,the hardware and software system for a new optic fiber DO on-line measuring instrument were developed based on fluorescence method.ARM7 was used as the main control unit to improve its precision,stability and reliability.Precise data of DO could be accurately and continuously detected and the measured values could be shown on LCD display.The test results indicate that the measurement system has good stability,anti-interference ability and high practical application value.


History. —A married woman residing in a neighboring town, under the impression that she was very much in need of a monthly regulator, one evening on retiring passed into the uterus a bone crochet needle, the sharp end first, from which she had previously filed the hook-like projection. This important duty performed, she went peacefully to sleep. The next morning when she made search for the regulating apparatus it was not to be found. A hurried but careful search of the bed and the room failed to show the missing article. In spite of the fact that she felt no pain at any time after inserting the needle she was somewhat concerned as to what had happened to the instrument as well as to herself. After a few hours of disturbance of mind, she called in the family physician, who made a careful examination but had no better success in


Inclusion of aggregates leads to a reduction in drying shrinkage of cement paste. This is due to the elastic deformation of the aggregates that partly restrains the shrinkage deformation of cement paste. Hence, concrete with higher aggregate content exhibits smaller shrinkage. In addition, concrete with aggregates of higher modulus of elasticity or of rougher surfaces is more resistant to shrinkage process. In this paper the effects of the type of coarse aggregate on the shrinkage of normal and high-strength concretes are investigated. Two different types of crushed stone were used as coarse aggregates to produce the concrete mixtures used in this study. For each coarse aggregate type, two normal-strength concrete (NSC) mixtures and two high-strength concrete (HSC) mixtures were prepared. The 28-day compressive strength values of NSC mixtures were about 35 and 50 MPa, while those of HSC mixtures were 70 and 100 MPa, respectively. All shrinkage specimens were cured in water for 14 days after casting, then exposed to drying under the conditions of constant temperature (20℃) and relative humidity (60%). It has been shown that the type of the coarse aggregate influences shrinkage behaviour of both normal and high-strength concretes.


Background:
 YouTube is the most popular video sharing platform, and it is a common source of information for people interested in learning about medical topics. YouTube videos discussing cardiac stress testing have amassed millions of views, but their educational quality has not been thoroughly assessed. We sought to investigate the quality of cardiac stress testing videos on YouTube.

 Methods:
 We searched YouTube.com for keywords including "Cardiac Stress Test" and "Exercise Stress Test". We evaluated 113 videos with at least 15,000 views and excluded 51 videos. The exclusion criteria comprised videos that were unrelated, under 1 minute, not in English, or repeats of a video. The remaining videos were rated by two independent reviewers using the Global Quality Scale (GQS; 4-5 = high quality, 1-3 = low quality), to evaluate usefulness. The view count, modality, upload source and date were used for additional sub-analyses to determine possible associations with the educational quality of videos. Modalities that were analyzed included patient-friendly delivery methods such as patients speaking about their experiences or interviews with patients on their experiences, live patient tests where the patient undergoes cardiac stress testing to educate viewers, or physician-led presentations.

 Results:
 The average GQS score was 5 in 4 out of 62 videos (4/62; 6.5%), 4 in 14 videos (14/62; 22.5%), and 0-3 in 44 videos (44/62; 71%) with a mean overall GQS score of 3.04 demonstrating moderate-suboptimal educational quality of videos. Days since upload and view ratio were not associated with educational quality of the videos. Physician-uploaded videos (37/62; 60%) had significantly higher GQS scores compared with non-physicians (3.43 vs. 2.46; p<0.01). When grouped by modality, live patient tests (23/62; 37%) had the highest GQS score of 3.33 while physician-led presentations (28/62; 45%) produced GQS score of 3.13. Patient-friendly delivery methods (interviews and patient stories) (11/62; 18%) had the lowest average GQS score of 2.23.

 Conclusion:
 There is an abundance of content about cardiac stress testing on YouTube videos that often deliver low quality information. Healthcare providers need to be cognizant about possible misinformation their patients may encounter. YouTube can be a useful resource for physicians and patients in the future as shared decision-making aids if higher quality videos are uploaded directly by physicians.


The Milbur (Wilcox) field produces from an Eocene barrier bar which has formed a wholly stratigraphic trap. Although the field is small, it is significant because it extends a producing stratigraphic trend 100 mi (160 km) to the north. The barrier bar is 6 mi (10 km) long and 2 mi wide and has a maximum thickness of 30 ft (9 m). The updip lagoonal edge is productive. Faults of the Mexia-Talco system have slightly altered the oil-water contacts in the sandstone body. Several cycles of barrier-bar deposition can be delineated on electric-log correlation sections by identifying the characteristic log signatures of the genetic units. Petrographic analysis also can determine the depositional environments.


Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of plaque on the artery walls. As the disease advances in its further stages, its burden could lead to stroke or heart attack. Atherosclerosis develops gradually, and mild stages of the condition are usually symptomless. Diagnosing patients in their early stages of the disease can facilitate timely clinical interventions enhancing patient's quality of life by altering the course of the disease. The work presented in this paper is focused on classifying patients who are at high risk of Atherosclerosis using simple diagnosis tools available in every clinic. The final system is a prescreening tool providing the medical practitioners with recommendations regarding the disease. High risk patients can be referred to a cardiologist for further assessments. A dataset of 44 patients was collected including 17 low-risk and 27 high-risk patients. Two different approaches were taken, 1. using deep learning and time series data (ECG signals) 2. using traditional machine learning algorithms and tabular data. In the first approach, a Conv-GRU model was trained using ECG signals collected from patients. This method resulted in an average accuracy of 77% which was computed over 4 folds using cross validation. In the second approach, Stacking, an ensemble learning technique in which the final prediction is obtained by combining the prediction of different machine learning models trained on several attributes readily collected in the clinic, was used. An average accuracy of 81% was achieved using this method.


Financial Disclosure: Rotem Ben-Shachar disclosed the following—MyriadWomen's Health: Employment, Ownership Interest includes stock, stock options, patent or other intellectual property. Christa Adusei disclosed the following—Myriad Women's Health: Employment. Carrie Haverty disclosed the following—Myriad Women's Health: Employment, Ownership Interest includes stock, stock options, patent or other intellectual property. Roche disclosed the following—Employment, Ownership Interest includes stock, stock options, patent or other intellectual property. Jim Goldberg disclosed the following—Myriad Women's Health: Employment. The other author did not report any potential conflicts of interest.


Out of 200 human renal corrosion casts, 158 presented a single renal artery and 42 ‐ multiple renal arteries. Of the latter, 38 casts had 2 renal arteries while 4 casts had 3 renal arteries.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the significance and necessity of adequate management tools to face dynamic complexity. In particular, the paper shows the importance of model‐based support for designing public systems defined through laws. This is illustrated by means of an example: the new reform of the Colombian criminal justice system.Design/methodology/approach – Literature review of model‐based reasoning and justice systems. Illustration with a case study: reform of the Colombian criminal process.Findings – Human reasoning can be characterized as a model‐based activity, which in turn can be improved by constructing and using diverse models. The support of dynamic models for designing law‐defined public systems represents an open field of research. Specific relevance and conceptualization for criminal justice systems are developed.Originality/value – To introduce the significance of the contribution of computer simulation modeling for supporting system design and lawmaking processes.


Complex digital systems require high-performance external interfaces,then providing with USB host controller IP core in System-on-a-chip,which embedded software design is essential ingredient of the resolution,is becoming a growing tendency.Researching on the Enhanced Host Controller Interface(EHCI)with integrated processor SRISC-I,a hierarchy of driver is designed and implemented with the method of hardware and software co-design.The hardware/software interface between system software and the host controller hardware is described by EHCI specification,and four basic types of data transfer—Control transfer,Bulk transfer,Interrupt transfer,Isochronous transfer,are supported.The flexible data structure of transfer descriptors Minimizes Hardware Complexity,and also decreases the average number of memory accesses required to execute a USB transaction.Furthermore,the dynamic memory management technology brings a big boost in memory access efficiency.A transaction drove software and hardware co-verification structure is proposed to improve the performance and efficiency of verification,which guarantees the design reliability of SOC.The validation results of accessing mass storage device after the chip taped out demonstrate the correctness of the design.


Summary

Ninety-six male and 44 female college students gave written continued associations for 2 minutes to each of 24 stimulus words and then completed the Remote Associates Test and the Revised Art Scale No significant relationship was found between the creativity measures for either sex Few relationships, differing for males and females, were found between the creativity measures and associative productivity or uniqueness Productivity and uniqueness were found to be substantially related, and common responses occurred earlier in time than unique responses The properties of the stimulus words (frequency, form class, and slope of associative hierarchy) had marked effects on response productivity and uniqueness

The study confirms the strong impact of stimulus properties on associative productivity and demonstrates similar effects on uniqueness The creativity data, yielding weaker and less consistent relationships, are in keeping with a specificity theory but lend only limited support to Mednick's associative hypotheses.


We have designed and built a low noise, broadband transimpedance amplifier that allows for sensing both the amplitude and phase of an oscillating quartz tuning fork for a cryogenic atomic force microscope. The circuit uses a global feedback scheme, where the input stage, located next to the quartz tuning fork at low temperature, is followed by an operational amplifier stage operated at room temperature. At 4.2 K, with a 1 MΩ metal film feedback resistor, the amplifier yields an output noise floor of 2×10−7 V/Hz and a bandwidth of 200 kHz. When it is used with a commercial 32 kHz quartz tuning fork, the calibrated sensitivity at 4.2 K is determined to be 30.8 μV/pm.


The binding of soluble CD14 (sCD14) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined in order to understand the role of CD14 in potentiating LPS activity. Both purified sCD14 and [125I]-sCD14 potentiated LPS-stimulated ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC. This potentiation was blocked by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 63D3, UCHM-1 and RM052. Saturation binding assay revealed that [125I]-sCD14 bound to HUVEC with a ligand-acceptor dissociation constant of 290 nM. The binding of [125 I]-sCD14 was inhibited by sCD14 with a sCD14-acceptor dissociation constant of 24 nM. The density of CD14 acceptors was estimated to be 4-8 x 105 sites per cell. The [125I]-sCD14 binding was inhibited by anti-human CD14 mAbs UCHM-1 and RM052 but not 63D3. The bound [125I]-sCD14 could be washed off by acid buffer, pH 3.0, and its localization on the cell membrane was confirmed by light microscopic autoradiography. Based on the previously published description of LPS-sCD14 interactions and our observation that anti-CD14 mAbs inhibiting sCD14-acceptor binding also blocked the potentiation of LPS activity by sCD14, we propose that bridging or crosslinking between the putative LPS-receptor complex with the sCD14-acceptor complex via LPS-sCD14 interactions is the mechanism of CD14-dependent activation of endothelial cells (EC) by LPS. Re-examination of the published data suggests that this mechanism is a universal one for EC, leukocytes and lymphocytes.


A methodology is given for modeling the dynamics of discrete-event stochastic systems as optimization problems. The intent is to provide a means to utilize the rich mathematical theory and algorithms of optimization in the study of this important class of systems. A procedure for mapping a simulation event relationship graph into a mixed-integer program is presented, along with examples of queueing networks and manufacturing systems that illustrate the approach. Several potential applications are examined, including automatic constraint generation for optimal resource scheduling, representations of max-plus algebra models for queueing system dynamics, response gradient estimation, and an unconventional technique for simulating queueing systems using virtual resources that are identified from the optimization models for these systems.


Computer codes containing both hydrodynamics and radiation play a central role in simulating both astrophysical and inertial confinement fusion (ICF) phenomena. A crucial aspect of these codes is that they require an implicit solution of the radiation diffusion equations. We present in this paper the results of a comparison of five different linear solvers on a range of complex radiation and radiation?hydrodynamics problems. The linear solvers used are diagonally scaled conjugate gradient, GMRES with incomplete LU preconditioning, conjugate gradient with incomplete Cholesky preconditioning, multigrid, and multigrid-preconditioned conjugate gradient. These problems involve shock propagation, opacities varying over 5?6 orders of magnitude, tabular equations of state, and dynamic ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) meshes. We perform a problem size scalability study by comparing linear solver performance over a wide range of problem sizes from 1000 to 100,000 zones. The fundamental question we address in this paper is: Is it more efficient to invert the matrix in many inexpensive steps (like diagonally scaled conjugate gradient) or in fewer expensive steps (like multigrid)? In addition, what is the answer to this question as a function of problem size and is the answer problem dependent? We find that the diagonally scaled conjugate gradient method performs poorly with the growth of problem size, increasing in both iteration count and overall CPU time with the size of the problem and also increasing for larger time steps. For all problems considered, the multigrid algorithms scale almost perfectly (i.e., the iteration count is approximately independent of problem size and problem time step). For pure radiation flow problems (i.e., no hydrodynamics), we see speedups in CPU time of factors of ?15?30 for the largest problems, when comparing the multigrid solvers relative to diagonal scaled conjugate gradient. For the incomplete factorization preconditioners, we see a weak dependence of iteration count on problem size. The speedups observed for pure radiation flow are typically on the order of 10 relative to diagonal scaled conjugate gradient. For radiation?hydrodynamics problems, we again see multigrid scaling perfectly. However, for the problems considered, we see speedups relative to diagonal scaled conjugate gradient of no more than ?10, with incomplete Cholesky in fact either equaling or outperforming multigrid. We trace these observations to the time step control and the feature of ALE to relax distorted zones.


We report on the relationship between structural and magnetic properties, as well as their Mn-substitution dependence for ceramics Ba(Co1−xMnx)O3 (x = 0.00–0.30) following an analysis using synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy. The crystal structure of samples of Ba(Co1−xMnx)O3 ceramics changed from 2H- to 10H- through 12H-type phases depending on composition ratio x. The saturation magnetization increased in the presence of the 12H-type phase, and decreased in the presence of the 10H-type phase; a maximum value of 2.49 μB/f.u. at 5 K is obtained with composition ratio x = 0.1. The correlation between structural and magnetic properties as well as their dependence on Mn substitution are explained by the preferential occupation of the cubic stacking sites by Mn ions. The 12H-type phase exhibited ferri-magnetic ordering attributed to the ferromagnetic super-exchange coupling of Co4+(d5)–O2−–Mn4+(d3) with a bonding angle of 180°; the 2H- and 10H-type phases exhibited anti-ferromagnetic ordering attributed to the an...


This essay comments on the "new cultural history" of Mexico and the debate recently conducted between critics and protagonists of the genre in the Hispanic American Historical Review. After a scene-setting preamble, the essay consists of three substantive parts. First, in considering what the new cultural history is and what degree of novelty it might claim, the essay identifies and critiques seven features of the genre: its concern for subalterns, agency, political engagement, the reinsertion of politics, mentalities, texts, and interdisciplinary influences. Second, the essay addresses the style and semantics of the new cultural history, in particular its penchant for buzzwords and jargon. Third, the article turns to the major critic of the genre, Stephen Haber, and considers his preferred alternative (so-called scientific history). The essay argues that while Haber's critique is often persuasive, it is also in places misconceived, perhaps exaggerated, and tending toward a narrow positivism. Historiography, the essay unoriginally concludes, need not be falsely polarized between narrow positivism and fashionable postmodernism.


Summary This article reviews some of the most effective programmes for saving children from a life of crime, and also presents the results of cost-benefit analyses of some of these programmes. The best programmes include general parent education in home visiting programmes, parent management training, pre-school intellectual enrichment programmes, child skills training, Functional Family Therapy, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care and Multisystemic Therapy. Communities That Care is a useful overarching programme. Most of these programmes have been shown to reduce crime and save money. The time is ripe to establish national agencies in all countries which will advance knowledge about early risk factors (from longitudinal studies) and about effective developmental interventions (from randomized experiments and cost-benefit analyses).


In this article, I discuss the imagined boundaries of belonging in Iceland, the political projects of national identity and religion, and the ways in which those projects affect the everyday social formations for LBTQ+ migrant women. I highlight the interlocutors' experiences of exclusion, foregrounding resistance and resilience in facing unequal power relations, including racism, sexism, heterosexism and cisgenderism. In the article, I apply theories of critical race, postcolonialism, queer-of-colour critique, queer theology, the relationality of space and place, as well as the politics of belonging and a sense of belonging. I draw on feminist writings concerning queer migrations, intersectionality and assemblage, to analyse interlocutors' multilayered experiences within the Icelandic context, other cultural frames of reference, and transnationally. I analyse semi-structured interviews with 28 interlocutors, who identify as LBTQ+ migrant women, demigirl, gender queer and non-binary. Six interlocutors are racialised as black or brown, 22 as white, hailing from the Global South and Global North. Two themes were carved out of the analysis, relating to the genealogy and aesthetics of racialisation and othering in Iceland, and experiences of exclusion and resistance within the Catholic Church. In line with the analysis, I advocate for dismantling social hierarchies and exclusionary power structures by foregrounding structural violence and microagressions against disenfranchised groups of individuals in addition to highlighting queer worldmaking practices.


Summary

Until recently, the Herring Gull Larus argentatus and the Glaucous Gull L. hyperboreus were completely allopatric in western Europe, although having overlapping distributions in Canada and the Soviet Union. But beginning about 1925–1930 a large-scale invasion of argentatus from the Faroe Islands and/or Britain into Iceland occurred, resulting in extensive hybridization with hyperboreus, already present there. The hybrids are viable and apparently fully fertile.

In the summers of 1964–1966 371 gulls were collected from breeding colonies in various parts of Iceland and the samples analysed by the use of hybrid indices based on the colour of the five outermost primaries. The populations of northwestern Iceland, where the greatest concentration of hyperboreus was found at the time of the argentatus invasion, were found still to consist largely of pure hyperboreus, with 18–23% of the birds showing signs of argentatus admixture. In eastern Iceland, where argentatus first appeared in numbers, and along the south coast, birds of hybrid origin predominate, 3–43% of the birds being pure argentatus while pure hyperboreus are absent except for one colony in southeastern Iceland where they made up 23% of the birds. Significant differences in composition are found among several of the colonies of eastern and southern Iceland, and possible reasons for this are discussed.

Among 53 mated pairs no deviation from random matings with respect to hybrid indices was indicated. The high proportion of pure argentatus found in some colonies in spite of this indicates that pure argentatus are still immigrating from abroad. Two colonies in eastern Iceland sampled both in 1965 and 1966 showed a significant change in composition towards argentatus, further evidence for continued immigration of argentatus. A few other colonies have changed in the same direction over longer periods.

Although there must be some differences between the two forms in ecological requirements as shown by their distributions, their ecologies appear similar in Iceland. Both forms take a large portion of their food from the intertidal zone of the sea-shore, and although a slight difference in the selection of foods from the shore was seen in winter in one locality, this probably did not have a genetic basis. However, argentatus may feed to a larger extent on refuse than hyperboreus. This may enable argentatus-like birds to occupy the relatively barren (with respect to intertidal foods) east coast of Iceland in numbers.

An examination of several hundred museum skins of argentatus and hyperboreus from other areas shows that occasional hybridization occurred in western Europe long before the extensive contact was established in Iceland, but gene flow between the two was always limited as their ranges were widely separated. The two gulls are effectively reproductively isolated from each other where synipatric in Canada, while the situations in Alaska and in parts of the Soviet Union are unclear.

Since the area of overlap without hybridization is much larger than the area of hybridization, the two forms are best regarded as separate species. Future studies may show in which direction the hybrid situation in Iceland will develop, but meanwhile it is suggested that the hybrid populations in which birds of hybrid origin amount to 50% or more be referred to as Larus argentatus/hyperboreus.


The invention discloses a method and system for performing conformance testing on OpenFlow protocols. The system comprises an abstract test suite module, an encoding and decoding module and an adapter module; the abstract test suite module includes a testing execution unit used for transmitting testing data of the OpenFlow protocols to be transmitted to the encoding and decoding module; the testing data are OpenFlow protocol data which are appointed by the abstract test suite module and used for being in communication with a tested system; the encoding and decoding module is used for encoding the testing data; the adapter module includes a data transmitting unit used for receiving the encoded testing data and transmitting the encoded testing data to a port of the tested system, wherein if received feedback message data are null or a timer unit timeout occurs, it is judged that a result fails; if a data packet of the feedback message is correct, the timer unit is shut down, and it is judged whether data need to be transmitted continuously or not or it is judged that the result is passed.


Radial electric field shear is crucial for turbulence suppression and transition to the H-mode, although the high shear value alone may not be sufficient for the LH-transition initiation. Temporal and spatial parameters of shear perturbation, particle source and turbulence parameters are the main factors responsible for LH-transition initiation. Different plasma discharge scenarios in two Ioffe Institute conventional tokamaks are analyzed using the model of plasma density and ion temperature evolution to clear up the role of aforementioned factors.Radial electric field shear is crucial for turbulence suppression and transition to the H-mode, although the high shear value alone may not be sufficient for the LH-transition initiation. Temporal and spatial parameters of shear perturbation, particle source and turbulence parameters are the main factors responsible for LH-transition initiation. Different plasma discharge scenarios in two Ioffe Institute conventional tokamaks are analyzed using the model of plasma density and ion temperature evolution to clear up the role of aforementioned factors.


The agribusiness has to face numerous changes in the political, economical and social environment. By analysing relationships with approaches of relationship management, market and non-market relationships can be optimised and adoptions to the enterprises environment can be managed precisely. In this dissertation, relationships between companies and their customers, suppliers, and external stakeholders are analysed exemplarily from three different perspectives of relationship management. As a result it can be shown that especially in market relationships monetary measures such as prices and final accounts are not the most important variables. Far more important for determining the relationship quality are soft factors such as communication with suppliers or farmer orientation. In a whole it can be said that companies in the agribusiness have to deal more focussed with their (business) relationships to better adopt to demands of markets and society as well.


An overview on some of the major challenges for beam instrumentation and diagnostics for large ring colliders is given. In the Introduction the general challenges are listed, independent of particle type and accelerator specifics. After a short LHC introduction, examples from the LHC experience are presented, related to observed issues, and to the present upgrade and improvement efforts, made during the long shutdown 1. A list, however not comprehensive, of relevant beam instrumentation R&D activities closes this summary.


As the title of her book indicates, Claire Edington wants to move "beyond the asylum" in order to understand mental illness in French colonial Vietnam. As she explains in her introduction, much of the scholarship on colonial Indochina has focused on the violence and economic oppression that marked the expansion of French imperialism in this part of the world (p.8). As a result, historians know relatively little about the social history of the region and the operations of everyday life. Edington, wishing to correct this absence, calls her book a "social history of psychiatry and mental illness in French Indochina," from the late-nineteenth century to the Second World War (p.2). Her project, however, is more ambitious. Rather than giving us a simple history of the patients who were confined within the asylum as much of the "new social history of psychiatry" has called for, Edington turns to psychiatry for what it can tell us about life outside the walls of the asylum, about families and communities, about the local dynamics of colonial rule. As she puts it, "the way 'abnormal' individuals came to circulate throughout the colony reveals the emergence of new networks of institutions and people that tied the structures of Vietnamese private and public life together with those of the French colonial state. This history of psychiatry is therefore intended as more than a history of a medical category or field of professional practice. Rather, it is the story of society's transformation as told through the experiences of those at its margins" (p.3). In order to access this level of experience, Edington pursues two lines of inquiry that intersect throughout the book. On the one hand, she offers a study of how mental illness was institutionalized in Indochina under French rule. Here she traces how the evolution of psychiatry in the metropole affected the colonial sphere, how doctors relied on their expertise to treat patients, and how political and economic


1 FOREWORD This review was written to fulfill the requirements for the " Habilitation " procedure at the University of Bonn. It summarizes a part of the research I have conducted over the last years in the field of microquasars and it should stimulate students' interest in this challenging and fascinating topic. The astronomical methods used in the range of gamma-rays, X-rays, optical and radio wavelengths are first reviewed and then, all of them, directly applied always to the same astronomical source, the periodic microquasar LS I +61 • 303. Reviewing the literature in that field, this presentation is of course biased towards my own contributions for the reason mentioned in the beginning. Therefore , I want to acknowledge here all colleagues working like me for years on LS I +61 • 303, first of all the two discoverers of the source:


In this paper, by using critical point theory, we study a class of discrete p-Laplacian periodic boundary value problems, some results are obtained for the existence of two positive solutions, three solutions and multiple pairs of solutions of the problem when the parameter lies in some suitable infinite or finite interval.


The reinforcing of rigid polyurethane material by the glass fiber is prepared with the direct synthesis.The reinforcing results show obvious difference with the different ratio of length and diameter of glass fiber.When the content of glass fiber is 10%,the mechanical properties of RPU are optimal.The tensile elasticity coefficient of the matierials enhanced by the ratio of length and diameter 20,40 and 100 is 9.39 MPa,10.5 MPa and 9.59 MPa,respectively.The tensile elasticity coefficient(ratio of length and diameter 40)is increased by 55%.Otherwise,the tensile elasticity coefficient of these materials(ratio of length and diameter 20 and 100)is increased by 38.7% and 41.7%.The compression elasticity coefficient shows the similar trend with the tensile elasticity coefficient.The SEM micrographs clearly reveal that the tensile strength of the fiber with the feasible ratio of length and diameter plays an important role in the hybrid rigid polyurethane composite foam.


Due to increased demand on the performance of real-time control units, multicore microcontrollers are increasingly being used in this sector. The manufacturers of such microcontrollers have developed extensive model families, which have to be compatible with each other due to the same pin assignment and package form. This policy is intended to enable ECU developers to select a next larger type with more processor cores in the event of performance bottlenecks. It should be noted though that the additional processor cores increases the problem of competing access and thus also the Worst-Case Execution Time. This article identifies the impact of competing access on the performance of individual processor cores. For this purpose, three derivatives of the Infineon AURIX microcontroller family are compared and potential bottlenecks identified. Finally, recommendations are drawn up on the basis of these results in order to avoid such problems.


In the target article, Y. Jenny Xiao, Geraldine Coppin, and Jay J. Van Bavel make a compelling case for the effects of social groups on perception and intergroup relations and propose that social i...


Let <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> be a prime and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ \mathbb{F}_p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> the finite field with <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ p $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> elements. We show how, when given an superelliptic curve <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ Y^n+f(X) \in \mathbb{F}_p[X,Y] $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and an approximation to <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ (v_0,v_1) \in \mathbb{F}_p^2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> such that <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ v_1^n = -f(v_0) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, one can recover <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ (v_0,v_1) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> efficiently, if the approximation is good enough. As consequence we provide an upper bound on the number of roots of such bivariate polynomials where the roots have certain restrictions. The results has been motivated by the predictability problem for non-linear pseudorandom number generators and, other potential applications to cryptography.


Abstract Wycheproofite is a new hydrated sodium aluminium zirconium phosphate from a pegmatite vein in granite at Wycheproof, in northwestern Victoria, Australia. The mineral occurs as compact, finely fibrous masses in small cavities in the quartz/feldspar/muscovite/schorl-bearing pegmatite. The fibrous crystals are between 5 and 10 µm wide and up to several mm long. Accompanying minerals include two other zirconium phosphates — kosnarite and a new species, selwynite, the K-analogue of gainesite — as well as wardite, eosphorite, cyrilovite, leucophosphitc, rockbridgeite, a kidwellite-like mineral and saleeite. The wycheproofite aggregates are pale pinkish to brownish orange, with a vitreous to pearly lustre. The streak is colourless, fracture rough, cleavage not observed and the Mohs hardness is between 4 and 5. Optical data are incomplete due to the fibrous nature of the mineral; the indices of refraction are in the range 1.62–1.64. The measured density is 2.83 g cm−3. Chemical analysis gave (wt.%) Na2O 6.36, K2O 0.44, CaO 0.66, FeO 0.36, MnO 0.21, Al2O3 12.03, Cs2O 0.03, ZrO2 32.43, HfO2 1.24, P2O5 35.85, SiO2 0.23, F 0.34, H2O 9.0, less 0=F 0.14, Total 99.04. The simplified formula is NaAlZr(PO4)2(OH)2·H2O. Wycheproofite is triclinic with unit cell parameters a=10.926(5) Å, b = 10.986(5) Å, c = 12.479(9) Å, α= 71.37(4)°, β = 77.39(4)°, γ= 87.54(3)° V = 1375.9 Å3. For Z= 6, the calculated density is 2.81 g cm-3. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are [d obs (Å), I obs,hkl] 2.603 (100) 040; 4.128 (80) 121; 3.711 (65) 023; 3.465 (60) 030; 8.865 (40) 101; 3.243 (35) 132. The crystal structure has not been solved due to the finely fibrous nature of the material available. The name is for the locality, which in the local Australian Aboriginal language means 'witchie bushes growing on a hilltop'. Data on the third occurrence of kosnarite, KZr2(PO4)3, at Wycheproof are also given.


This paper presents a new approach to approximating the flows of continuous time dynamic systems from sets of initial conditions. The reachable set, or flow pipe, over a time interval [0, t/sub f/] is approximated by the union of a sequence of convex polyhedra. Each polyhedron contains a segment of the flow pipe. Properties of the approximation technique are discussed and illustrated with examples for linear and nonlinear systems, including the application of flow pipe approximation to verification of a simple hybrid system.