Of all the demographic changes on college campuses, perhaps the most evident is the consis tently rising nontraditional student pop ulation (Cross 1988, Holtzclaw 1980). Although the nontraditional student is defined differently in the research, the most common use of the term refers to older students, specifically over the age of 25. Because predictions suggest that the influx of nontraditional students will continue to grow, we must concern ourselves with understanding the mixed-age classroom and with teaching effectively in it. We became interested in this topic because of our experiences teaching on a branch campus where approximately 40 percent of the students are nontradi tional. Our campus is in a city of ap proximately 47,000 and is one of two regional campuses of a medium-sized midwestern public university. Al though we teach in different disciplines (systems analysis and sociology), we found that we had similar teaching ex periences in mixed-age classrooms. We both agree that the classes that we most enjoy teaching are those that have stu dents of heterogeneous ages. Indeed, in one introductory computer class, the


Summary: Studies on proteins are often restricted to highly simplified models to face the immense computational complexity of the associated problems. Constraint-based protein structure prediction (CPSP) tools is a package of very fast algorithms for ab initio optimal structure prediction and related problems in 3D HP-models [cubic and face centered cubic (FCC)]. Here, we present CPSP-web-tools, an interactive online interface of these programs for their immediate use. They include the first method for the direct prediction of optimal energies and structures in 3D HP side-chain models. This newest extension of the CPSP approach is described here for the first time. Availability and Implementation: Free access at http://cpsp.informatik.uni-freiburg.de Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com


This Article examines a unique question in constitutional law and privacy rights – namely, what rights minor students have to control who can and cannot be informed of their sexual orientation. Through an examination of case law and social science data, the Article proposes that students should hold greater power over information regarding their sexual orientation, and hold responsible school officials who "out" students to a family member, parent, or guardian without the student's consent.


The physical basis of the attenuation phenomenon lies in the natural property that photons emitted by the radiopharmaceutical will interact with tissue and other materials as they pass through the body. For photon energies representative of those encountered in nuclear medicine (i.e., 68 to 80 keV for Tl to 511 keV for positron emitters), photons emitted by radiopharmaceuticals can undergo photoelectric interactions where the incident photon is completely absorbed. In other cases, the primary radionuclide photon interacts with loosely bound electrons in the surrounding material and are scattered. The trajectory of the scattered photon generally carries it in a different direction than that of the primary photon. However, the energy of the scattered photon can be lower than (in the case of incoherent scattering) or be the same as (in the case of coherent scattering) that of the incident photon. It is worth emphasizing that for soft tissue (the most important constituent of the body), a moderately low-Zmaterial, we note two distinct regions of single interaction dominance: photoelectric below and incoherent above 20 keV.Moreover, the percentage of scattered events which undergo Compton interactions in the object is more than 99.7% at 511 keV for water, in which the number of interactions by photoelectric absorption or coherent scattering is negligible. Mathematically, the magnitude of photon transmission through an attenuating object can be expressed by the exponential equation:


To achieve the edge plasma properties, 2 electronic circuit have been fabricated and a set of 4 single Langmuir probes installed in Iran -Tokamak1 (IR-T1). The Floating Potential has been measured without applying any voltage, Ion Saturation Current by a negative DC power supply and then by applying a sweep voltage to tips, I-V curve and so electron temperature is obtained. Then we compare these results to investigate of some properties of edge plasma.


In recent years, the Internet Protocol (IP) has become a common basis for communication in several automation domains. For smart grids, it is even more beneficial because it brings a unification aspect into a field characterized by a variety of heterogeneous communication protocols which are in use today for various functions and services inside a smart grid. Besides, IP offers a convenient approach to implement security in the communication infrastructure by using its native security extension, IPsec. Nevertheless, IPsec was originally devised for IT environments and not for automation networks. This article therefore analyses the performance impact of IPv6 and IPsec on the end-to-end communication in resource-limited devices using Intel and ARM architectures, respectively. Based on standard Linux as an operating system, we employ a lean measurement setup which can be used even on devices with limited processing power without influencing the measurement results too much. The experimental results show that the influence of security features on the processing time of IPv6 packets is below one millisecond, which should be feasible for many smart grid applications.


UST over a year ago it was announced from the Mayo Clinic in the Middle West of i America, that a new drug had been found which when given to patients with the most crippling type of rheumatism-rheumatoid arthritis-reversed the active progress of the disease. Some of us, under the auspices of the Empire Rheumatism Council, had an opportunity of going to New York and attending the International Congress of the Rheumatic Diseases, where we heard a paper on the results of treat-


Genetic variability, heritability (h2), genetic advance, character association and path analysis were carried out in 17 accessions of tomato (Solallum tycopersicllnl Mill.) during 2000–2001. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all characters under study as indicated by the high genotypic eocfticient of variation for number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, number of locules per fruit, acidity percentage. length of fruits and yield of fruits per plant. The characters with high genotypic coefficient of variation had also high heritabilities. This indicates the possibility of genetic improvements for such traits through selection based on phenotype. Association studies indicated that the yield of fruits per plant positively correlated with plant height. number of branches per plant. number of fruits per plant. average fruit weight, fruit length, number of locules, TSS and ascorbic acid content. Pericarp thickness and acidity percentage are negatively correlated with yield. Path cocfficient analysis revealed that plant height. number of branches per plant, width of fruit, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight exhibited the maximum positive direct effect on yield. Thus an increase in selection on these traits may lead to an over all increase in the yield. Quality traits except pericarp thickness and TSS did not play any signiticant dircct and indirect role. Therefore, a genetic improvement of yield can be initiated by putting positive selection pressure on plant height, number of branches per plant, width of fruit, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight.


Organizations intend to achieve a high level of information systems flexibility and success. They plan information systems with multiple approaches and adopt different planning methodologies. A broad range of measurements is available in the literature to assess IS planning effectiveness and success. This study theoretically develops a causal model to assess and predict IS planning success, empirically validate the model, and simulate the empirically tested model to predict the "ends" and "means" of the IS planning. The Systems Dynamics approach is used to model and simulate the "ends" and "means" variables. The model represents the user involvement in IS planning and flexibility variables ("means") and IS success variables ("ends") in a framework. The questionnaire survey method is used to validate the model, and the survey was administered to 296 respondents from 42 organizations selected from eight different sectors. The survey results validate the existence of relationship between user involvement, flexibility, and IS success. The empirically validated model is used to predict flexibility and information systems success in the surveyed organizations.


Accurate lattice parameter measurements using Bond's method were made on Czochralski grown gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) single crystals. The sign and magnitude of the lattice parameter variations along the growth direction were found to depend on the melt compositions and were well explained by the normal freeze equation model. The congruently melting composition was determined to be approximately 61.87 mol% Ga2O3, which is in good agreement with the value (61.85 mol%) proposed by Allibert et at. The lattice parameter of a GGG single crystal with the congruently melting composition is expected to be about 12.3835 Å.


Velocity model is the key to get accurate image of prestack depth migration. In this paper, an interval velocity scan method using CFP technology is presented and test on real data. The method has no assumption of small offset or small dip as most of other migration velocity analysis methods do, which makes it suitable for model building of complex substructures. Conventional stack or time migration sections were used as constraint that shrinks the solution space under the principle of CFP velocity analysis. Compared with conventional migration velocity analyses,the method can be carried out on single geometric points that reduce computation obviously.


The garbage bank has the function of channeling the waste obtained in accordance with the needs and providing an additional economy for the community. This service aims to make the mothers in Margasari Village know about the existence of a garbage bank, waste management techniques so that they are of economic value and are expected to increase the awareness and enthusiasm of mothers to process waste and preserve the environment. The realization of problem solving is carried out in a socialization program on how to establish and benefit the Waste Bank for increasing income and empowering women. The impact of empowering the garbage bank to customers can be said to be still lacking, this is evident from the average income earned by the community in the first three months of Rp. 10,786,00,-.The impact of empowerment for craftsmen and management can increase income with monthly income of around Rp.  900,000,-.


Introduction CAR T-cell therapies directed against CD19 or CD22 antigens have shown significant activity in pediatric patients with r/r B-ALL. Whilst complete response (CR) rates of 70‒90% have been observed, relapse due to target antigen downregulation or loss is the major cause of treatment failure. This Phase I/II study evaluates the safety and efficacy of AUTO3, a CAR T-cell therapy designed to target CD19 and CD22 simultaneously in order to reduce the likelihood of relapse due to antigen loss.
 Methods & Patients
 We constructed a novel bicistronic retroviral vector encoding both an anti-CD19 CAR and an anti-CD22 CAR. Antigen binding domains were humanized and both CARs are in "2nd generation" format (incorporating an OX40 co-stimulatory domain for the CD19 CAR and a 41BB for the CD22 CAR). The performance of the CD22 CAR was optimized by incorporating a novel pentameric spacer. The cell product was manufactured on a semi-automated and closed process using CliniMACS® Prodigy (Miltenyi Biotec).
 Patients (1‒24 years of age) with high risk relapse (IBFM criteria) or relapse post-allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT), adequate performance score/organ function, and an absolute lymphocyte count ≥0.5 x 109/L are eligible. Patients with CNS 3 disease, active graft versus host disease, and clinically significant infection or serious toxicity from prior CAR T-cell are excluded.
 Patients receive lymphodepletion with 30 mg/m2/day fludarabine x 4 days and 500 mg/m2/day cyclophosphamide x 2 days prior to AUTO3 infusion. Three dose levels are being explored (1 x 106, 3 x 106, and 5 x 106 transduced CAR+ T cells/kg) and CAR T cells are infused as a single (for <25% blasts) or split (for >25% blasts) dose based on leukemia burden. Bridging therapy is allowed during the manufacturing period. The primary endpoint of Phase I is the frequency of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and key secondary endpoints include proportion of patients achieving a morphological/minimal residual disease (MRD) negative CR, disease-free survival, overall survival, as well as biomarker endpoints including AUTO3 levels and persistence in blood and bone marrow.
 Results
 As of the data cut-off date (July 16, 2018), 9 patients have been enrolled and 8 have received AUTO3. It was possible to generate a product in all patients and the median transduction efficiency was 16% (range 9‒34%). Median age was 7.5 years (range 4‒16 years) and 5 (63%) patients had prior SCT. One patient (13%) had prior anti-CD19 CAR-T cells and blinatumomab. The disease burden at Day ‒7 ranged from 0% to 90% leukemic blasts.
 Eight patients had a minimum of 4 weeks' follow up and were evaluable for safety and efficacy analysis. Three patients received ≤1 × 106 CAR T cells/kg as single dose, 1 patient received 2 × 106/kg as split dose, and 4 received 3 × 106 CAR cells/kg (3 single infusions, 1 split). No AUTO3 related deaths and no DLTs were observed. The most common grade (Gr) ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (63%), febrile neutropenia (50%), pyrexia (25%), and anemia (25%). Five patients (63%) had Gr 1 cytokine release syndrome (CRS); no Gr 2 or higher CRS was seen. Five patients (63%) experienced neurotoxicity: 4 had Gr 1 and 1 patient (13%) had Gr 3 encephalopathy that was considered likely related to prior intrathecal methotrexate. No patients required ICU admission.
 Six of 8 patients achieved MRD negative CR, giving an objective response rate of 75% (95% CI 34.9‒96.8%) at 1 month. In patients treated at doses <3 x 106/kg, 3 responded but subsequently relapsed. Importantly, no loss of CD19 or CD22 was noted in patients that relapsed. All 4 patients treated at the higher dose of 3 × 106 CAR T cells/kg had an MRD negative CR with ongoing remission and B-cell aplasia, with the longest follow up of 4 months. CAR T-cell expansion was enhanced in patients receiving 3 x 106/kg (median 79,282
 copies/µg DNA in blood at peak) compared to those receiving lower doses (median 10,243 copies/µg DNA).
 Conclusion
 This interim data analysis demonstrates for the first time the feasibility and safety of simultaneous targeting of CD19 and CD22 with AUTO3. Promising efficacy was demonstrated at a dose level of 3 × 106 CAR T cells/kg, as 4/4 patients achieved MRD complete remission with no antigen negative escape at this early stage. The study continues to enrol and updated follow up and additional patient data at higher dose levels, as well as cellular kinetics and additional biomarker analysis, will be presented.

 Wynn: Orchard SAB: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Orchard Therapeutics: Equity Ownership; Chimerix: Research Funding; Genzyme: Honoraria; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy; Orchard Therapeutics: Consultancy; Chimerix: Consultancy. Hough:University College London Hospital's NHS Foundation Trust: Employment. Vora:Amgen: Other: Advisory board; Medac: Other: Advisory board; Novartis: Other: Advisory board; Pfizer: Other: Advisory board; Jazz: Other: Advisory board. Veys:Servier: Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria. Chiesa:Gilead: Consultancy; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy. Al-Hajj:Autolus Ltd: Employment; Autolus Ltd: Equity Ownership. Cordoba:Autolus Ltd: Employment; Autolus Ltd: Equity Ownership; Autolus Ltd: Patents & Royalties. Onuoha:Autolus Ltd: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties. Kotsopoulou:Autolus Ltd: Equity Ownership; Autolus Ltd: Employment. Khokhar:Autolus Ltd: Employment; Autolus Ltd: Equity Ownership. Pule:Autolus Ltd: Employment, Equity Ownership, Other: Salary contribution paid for by Autolus, Research Funding; University College London: Patents & Royalties: Patent with rights to Royalty share through UCL. Peddareddigari:Autolus Therapeutics plc: Equity Ownership; Autolus Therapeutics plc: Patents & Royalties; Autolus Therapeutics plc: Employment.


Biological flow receptors show astonishing performance and are used as models for the design of novel flow sensors. However, the functional importance of interfacial microstructures is seldom discussed in previous review papers. Herein, this review summarises the underlying biomechanical principles in the biological flow receptors and describes the recent progress in bio-inspired flow sensors, in which the underlying sensing-enhancement mechanisms are emphasised.


Abstract 4013 Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B cell neoplasm characterized by clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite the use of effective new agents, MM remains an incurable disease. NK cells are an important element of immune surveillance, capable of killing virus-infected and malignant-transformed cells. Understanding of how target cells respond to NK cells will help improve clinical outcome in cancer patients and lead to further advances in the clinical application of NK cell therapy to prevent and treat MM. To identify novel pathways that modulate MM cell resistance to human NK cells, we previously screened a large lentiviral shRNA library to identify genes that play a role in this cell-cell interaction. In this genetic screen, silencing JAK1 and JAK2 in MM target cells significantly increased their susceptibility to NK cell lysis. JAK1 and JAK2 are members of a family of tyrosine kinases that are constitutively associated with membrane cytokine receptors and become active only when the cell surface receptor is activated by a specific ligand. In these conditions, activated JAKs induce phosphorylation of STAT proteins, which subsequently initiate gene transcription programs. To determine how JAK1 and JAK2 modulate MM cell resistance to NK cells, we undertook experiments to analyze the JAK signaling pathway in MM cells. We first analyzed the activation status of STAT proteins in a series of MM cell lines (IM-9, KM12BM, RPMI 8226, MM1S) in which JAK1 and JAK2 expression was reduced by specific shRNAs. Constitutive activation of STAT proteins was not affected by JAK1 or JAK2 silencing suggesting that these kinases were not activated in the absence of cytokine receptor-mediated signaling. Since JAK1 and JAK2 are associated with the IFN-γ receptor and NK cells are known to secrete IFN-γ after activation by target cells, we hypothesized that these kinases were specifically activated when NK effector cells became engaged with MM target cells. To test this hypothesis, MM target cells were stimulated with NK-activated supernatant or recombinant IFN-γ and examined for STAT, AKT and ERK activation. Incubation with either NK-supernatant or IFN-γ induced strong phosphorylation of STAT1 but other STATs, AKT or ERK were not activated. Silencing of JAK1 or JAK2 with specific shRNAs prevented STAT1 activation. These findings were validated in primary MM cells treated with Jak inhibitor 1. When compared with MM cell lines, primary MM cells had a similar STAT profile at their basal level and incubation with IFN-γ or NK-activated supernatant only induced rapid activation of STAT1, which was inhibited when MM cells were pre-treated with Jak inhibitor 1. Treatment of primary MM cells with Jak inhibitor 1 also increased NK cell-mediated killing. To confirm that IFN-γ secreted by activated NK cells induced resistance in MM target cells, we tested the ability of anti-IFN-γ antibody (D9D10) to block STAT1 phosphorylation in MM cells pre-incubated with IFN-γ or NK-activated supernatant. In these experiments, D9D10 completely blocked STAT1 phosphorylation when compared to an anti-IgG1 isotype control. We then co-cultured MM cells with primary NK cells and D9D10 or IgG1 isotype control antibody and evaluated target cell killing by AnnexinV/7AAD staining. In experiments with IM-9 and KM12BM target cells we found that 2 and 5 μg of IFN-γ blocking antibody increased specific target cells lysis by 37.6%, 46.5% and 26.7%, 29.5% respectively compared to IgG1 isotype control. Similarly, addition of 2 and 5 μg of blocking IFN-γ antibody to primary MM cells co-incubated with primary NK cells increased killing by 28.8% and 38.3% compared to controls. These data suggest that IFN-γ enhances resistance of MM cells to NK cell-mediated killing and that inhibiting this pathway at the level of JAK1, JAK2 and possibly STAT1 can reverse this effect resulting in increased killing of MM tumor cells. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


International Association for Study of Pain and World Health Organization we must honestly admit – control of cancer pain is not only nationally, but also internationally medical, moral and ethical issue, that still exists despite simple, effective and inexpensive methods for pain control. The medical community, government and health politicians and the whole society with their inertness, in-competence and prejudices are in debt to all suffering patients who spent their days in torture of unrelieved pain.


aBstRaCt Arteriviruses and coronaviruses, distantly related plus-strand RNA viruses, generate an extensive nested set of subgenomic (sg) mRNAs as templates for the translation of viral structural proteins. These viral RNA molecules are copied from a complementary set of minus-strand templates that are produced via a unique mechanism of discontinuous minus-strand extension that is poorly understood. Non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) from equine arteritis virus (EAv), the prototype arterivirus, is essential for sg mRNA production but dispensable for genome replication. Apart from securing the balance between these key viral processes, nsp1 has also been shown to modulate viral RNA accumulation in an mRNA-specific manner by controlling the levels of templates required for viral mRNA synthesis. The development of in vitro assays to address nsp1 function, combined with solution of the protein's three-dimensional structure, could be instrumental in providing mechanistic details of the multiple roles of this protein in the viral replicative cycle. We therefore explored different expression conditions and fusion tags for the production and purification of soluble recombinant nsp1 in Escherichia coli. We describe the pitfalls we encountered upon purification of GST-tagged nsp1 and subsequent tag removal by proteolytic cleavage, and initial difficulties in purifying hexahistidine-tagged nsp1. We outline a successful approach for nsp1 expression from a construct that allowed its autoproteolytic release from a precursor, and which yielded soluble, stable recombinant nsp1 purified from bacterial cells that can be used for functional studies.


This article argues that women's diaries participated in the construction of shared subjectivities and the imagined Victorian community. I posit that any discussion of imagined communities must include an examination of gender, sexual, ethnic, and class values as well as race, and a broad range of media conveying those shared values. The Queen's Highland Journals were edited explicitly to promote equanimity among the classes, to establish sympathy and moral judgement as the primary female subjectivity, and to narrate a vision of the British Empire as a diverse but harmonious family. Comparing Victoria's diaries with the manuscript journals of three expatriate middle-class Victorian women reveals similar disjunctions. All the diarists inscribe maternal roles, the assimilation of the foreign, and the memorialization of male icons, but the Queen's text reflects her ideological mission, while the manuscript diaries inscribe the imperatives of quotidian life.


The alignment of short DNA read sequencing data to a human reference genome sequence has become a standard step in the analysis pipeline for short DNA read sequence data. As the rate at which short read DNA sequence data is being produced doubles every 5 months, analysis of this data in a computationally efficient way is becoming increasingly important. We demonstrate how we can exploit the "embarrassingly parallel" property of short read sequence alignment in custom-designed hardware in FPGAs. Hardware is chosen, a system is designed, and this system is implemented. My FPGA-based hit finder was demonstrated to produce correct hit results. The performance of this single FPGA implementation was demonstrated to be 71,000 seed hits found per hour on a human genome sized reference sequence. The implementation was demonstrated to produce identical results to the hit finder stage of the MAQ aligner. We demonstrate that the price/performance of this sliding-window FPGA aligner (∼355 seeds/hr/$) compares favorably to the price/performance of sliding-window software aligners (∼67.5 seeds/hr/$ for MAQ). However, software aligners which are based on the superior Burrows-Wheeler alignment algorithm still have a significant price/performance advantage over the FPGA-based approach (∼7,200 seeds/hr/$). We predict that as chips continue to increase in size due to Moores Law and computation is performed in high-density cloud-computing datacenters the FPGA-based approach will become preferable to current software aligners.


The study of terms and indication and what the rules related to it is the most essential study in radical science which has got a large attention by radical scientists due to its strong relation with Shareia sources (holly Quran and Alsunat). One of the terms is "Almutwatue" -the topic of the research-. The purpose of it is to show up the scientists' efforts to justify the radical terms is scientific pattern with a supporting by Fiqhi applications. The study depends on analysing and comparing method between radical scientists' views, as well as bifurcation method. The study includes analysing some Quran interpreting books, Hadeeth explanations, and Fiqhi wrotes to find out the Fiqhi applications of Almutwatue and to show the researcher's point of view. One of the most important result is that ALmutwatue is a comprehensive term that includes sub terms in the same level, like the word human in term of humanity which include male and female in the same level. And it is very close to the terms Almushtarek and Almushakkek which indecates of generality of every things which is under its meaning, and indicates its generality very clearly. Radical scientists, interpreters, and Hadeeth explainers depend on it to be far from state of the generality of the term "Almushtarek" or aggregation between truth and metaphor. On this sheet, there is a review of Fiqhi examples of it.


Steels for the production of frames for plastic molds frequently need to exhibit resistance to corrosion while at the same time requiring large amounts of machining. Machinability as a crucial property can be enhanced by the addition of sulfur, resulting in the formation of favorable sulfides, which in turn can deteriorate mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The detrimental effect on mechanical properties is caused, among others, by the elongation of sulfides during rolling or forging. In a novel approach, a special wire treatment of the melt is performed, which results in improved spherical morphology and chemical composition of the inclusions, yet leading to even enhanced machinability (tested, among others, by means of milling). Milling tests reveal increased productivity compared to conventionally manufactured material, which means an improved lifetime of milling inserts even at the highest cutting speeds. In addition, orthogonal cutting trials are performed aiming at understanding differences in machinability. At the same time, mechanical properties, in particular toughness, are slightly improved, while corrosion resistance is not severely affected.


Respiratory diseases are one of the most common diseases in Indonesia. Respiratory diseases increase the risk of fatal if not treated immediately. However, it is unfortunate that knowledge about the risk of respiratory disease is still lacking. The search method used in making this expert system is forward chaining with binary tree structure. Namely doing the processing of a set of data, then conducted inference in accordance with the rules applied to find the optimal conclusion. Experts provide rules for determining symptoms and illness. While the calculation and ranking of diseases that may suffer patients using the method fuzzy tsukamoto to provide the results of calculations that are certain based on the parameters. Then the patient's diagnostic process is done by the system. The Diagnostic Expert System for Respiratory Disease has been successfully established and can be used to assist in estimating the illness suffered by the patient as the result of the developed system is not much different from the running system. Based on the comparison of disease diagnosis result in expert system with manual system then the system accuracy level is 90,9%. Based on the website view has the largest percentage of 71.42 in good description, for user friendly / ease of respiratory system experts get the largest percentage of 85.71 in good information, to assist in the process of disease information and treatment get the largest percentage of 57.14 in a good description, to help the diagnosis process becomes easier to get the largest percentage of 71.42 in good information, for this expert system provides information on respiratory disease treatment accurately get the largest percentage of 57.14 in either .


Using stories of citizens' resistance to legalized authority, the authors propose that the act of storytelling extends temporally and socially what might otherwise be an individual, discrete, and ephemeral transaction. Adopting a concept of power as a contingent outcome in a social transaction, they emphasize that not only dominant, institutionalized power but also resistance to institutionalized authority draws from a common pool of sociocultural resources, including symbolic, linguistic, organizational, and material phenomena. Although such acts of resistance may not cumulate to produce institutional change, they may nonetheless have consequences beyond the specific social transaction: the authors propose that a chief means for extending the social consequences of resistance is to transform an act of resistance into a story about resistance. Based upon an appreciation of the structural conditions of power and authority, stories of resistance can become instructions about both the sources and the limitations of power. Because such stories are told in interaction with other stories, they become part of a stream of sociocultural knowledge about how social structures work to distribute power and disadvantage.


The article is devoted new standards in the field of the power management which initiatives of working out worldwide are considered today as the answer to the global call connected by increase of power efficiency of the organisations. Article offers the review of all newest standards: from accepted American and South Korean, to the project of the European. These standards offer the help, support and their assistance to users in working out of a set of the administrative actions directed on Achievement by the organisations of objects in view and indicators on decrease of power consumption.


Purpose: To study the clinical efficacy of the combination of du-moxibustion and adalimumab in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, as well as its influence on related functional indicators.Methods: From 2019 to 2020, 90 ankylosing spondylitis patients treated in Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University Hospital were assessed for eligibility and recruited. They were assigned, based on the order of admission, to receive either conventional treatment (control group) or dumoxibustion plus adalimumab (study group). Clinical treatment efficacy, levels of inflammatory indices, and spinal mobility in the two groups were determined and compared. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was employed for pain assessment, while Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) was used for disease status evaluation. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) was used for assessing functional limitation.Results: Du-moxibustion plus adalimumab was associated with significantly higher treatment efficacy and lower levels of inflammatory factors when compared to conventional treatment (p < 0.05). Comparable NRS scores before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment were observed in the two groups (p > 0.05). The eligible patients given du-moxibustion plus adalimumab showed lower NRS scores, higher BASDAI scores, and lower BASFI scores versus those receiving conventional treatment (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis patients with the combination of du-moxibustion and adalimumab mitigates symptoms and clinical indicators of the disease and relieves pain in the patients. Therefore, the combined treatment should be subjected to further clinical trials prior to its use in clinical practice.


It is known, that as a result of strengthening wave activity in a winter high latitude atmosphere of Northern hemisphere the disturbance of spatial - temporary structure of temperature and ozone fields is observed. Most significant display of such disturbances is registered during the winter sudden stratospheric warmings, which are accompanied by increase of the ozone content [l]. Using of millimeter wave range for research of the similar phenomena gives known advantages in comparison with optical and infrared wave ranges, since the microwave observations can be carried out every day and the quality of observation results depends on weather conditions less. Last four years we carry out regular measurements of variability of an ozone layer in stratosphere of high latitudes (Apatity, 67" N, 35" E) by microwave technique [2]. The special interest is represented by results received in winter seasons, when the decreased temperatures of the lower and middle stratosphere were marked. In these years the highest ozone loss were registered in the lower stratosphere inside polar vortex which remains stable long time in comparison with warmer winter [3, 41. The winters 199912000 and 200212003 have appeared one of the most cold for last decade. I' I I I 1230 5E+012 4E+012 3E+012 2E+012 m E


Here, we report Landau regulation in Raman modes for geometric graphene structures including single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). First-principles calculations show that radial-tangential Raman modes (RTMs) (comprising radial and tangential Eigenvectors) appear in order, following radial breading mode (RBM) (~150 cm-1). RTMs reveal two degenerated or non-degenerated frequencies per node and extend upto G (~1590 cm-1). In Raman measurements for SWNTs, we demonstrate the existence of RTMs at ~180-1440 cm-1, which have been partially interpreted as RBM band for ~180-300 cm-1 and intermediate frequency mode for 600-1300 cm-1. We reinterpret the RBM band as a coalescent signature of RBM (~150-170 cm-1) and 1st node RTM (~170-190 cm-1) for geometric graphene structures of ~2.0-2.2 nm in diameter. The sequential appearance of RBM and RTM and the revelation of the double degeneracy are due to Landau regulation working on spatial variation of the radial and tangential Eigenvectors. Our findings provide a further way of understanding the nature of low dimensional materials utilizing Raman spectroscopy.


Power generation elements (2), which are stacked, are provided with a plate-shaped cell (10), an anode plate (30), and a cathode plate (50). The cathode plate (50) is provided with: a plurality of first gas channels (58) extending from one end side to the opposite end side of the cell (10); and a plurality of second gas channels (61) positioned between the first gas channels (58) and the cell (10) and provided so as to extend in a direction intersecting the direction in which the first gas channels (58) extend, be exposed on the cell (10) side, and communicate with at least two of the plurality of first gas channels (58) in the vicinity of the intersecting part in the stacking direction.


The proliferation of mobile devices has led to an increasing demand for radio spectrum resources. Currently, the spectrum allocation is static, which has resulted in underutilization of this resource. This situation has motivated the search for solutions to address the spectrum scarcity problem. The channel occupancy rate is a piece of information that can assist the decision making process regarding reallocation of spectral resources. This information can be useful for DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Access) systems, spectrum decision, and spectrum regulators. In most of the spectrum usage surveys, frequentist inference techniques are used to scan the spectrum and estimate the occupancy rate of particular frequency bands. This approach has several limitations that are addressed in this work through Bayesian inference in order to build a spectrum decision framework able to deal with uncertainty. This paper presents a work in progress, whose goal is to build a probabilistic model to assist the spectrum decision process in cognitive radios.


The paper examines the problem of forensic examination of doppelgangers' portraits for dominant matching features. The authors outline the types of forensic objectives addressed in the course of such examination, and offer an algorithm for the selection of matching group, individualizing and dominant characteristics (features) in doppelgangers' facial images. The relationship between individualizing and dominant features is analyzed, and the concept of a dominant set of features is introduced. Recommendations are offered for the best methods of dominant feature identification.


THIS is the account of a series of 100 cases of stillbirth, compared 1 with 100 livebirths, from observations supplied by their family doctors. The primary aim of the study was to discover the psychological effects of stillbirth on the mother and her family, following clinical experience that disabling mental complications had followed stillbirths in some women who appeared previously to be normal; but, the actual results of the investigation force attention upon the disturbed doctor-patient relationship ensuing in these cases, characterized by a strong reluctance of doctors to know, notice or remember anything about the patient who has had a stillbirth.


With the recent addition of nutrition guidance for children under the age of 2 years to the 2020 Dietary Guidelines, new strategies are needed to communicate reputable feeding information to parents of infants and toddlers for optimal nutrition and prevention of early childhood obesity. The objective of this study was to determine usability of a mHealth app prototype (BabyByte) containing early childhood feeding guidance based on recommended responsive feeding practices for parents of children ages 0 to 2 years old.

 Parents participated in one-on-one cognitive interviews about the basic use and navigation of BabyByte and were probed to locate specific sections within the app, read the information on each page, and complete interactive tasks. Interviews were conducted by a trained research assistant and recorded via Zoom software. Each participant also completed the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) to rate overall usability, ease of use, interface satisfaction, and usefulness based on a 7-point Likert Scale. Mean MAUQ scores were calculated, with higher scores indicating higher usability of the app. Interview audio files were transcribed verbatim and response themes were aggregated using a content analysis approach.

 Parents (n = 20) were, on average, 30.7 years old with the majority self-reporting as white (95%), Hispanic (55%), having a bachelor's degree or higher (65%), working full-time (55%), and currently married (80%). On average, parents agreed or strongly agreed (6.5 ± 0.7 out of 7) that the app had high usability based on the MAUQ results. Ease of use (6.64 ± 0.6), interface and satisfaction (6.4 ± 0.9), and usefulness (6.3 ± 1.0) of the app received high ratings. Interview responses indicated that parents found the app prototype to be user-friendly and intuitive. Suggestions included minor changes in delivery, layout, and addition of supplemental and interactive content thus demonstrating the fit of the mHealth app with parent needs and preferences.

 Parents of children ages 0 to 2 years old favorably rated the usability of BabyByte. With further revisions and expansion, BabyByte may be a feasible intervention tool to improve responsive practices by parents and prevent early childhood obesity.

 University of Florida CTSI


We show that ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) can result in films of metal or semiconductor nanoclusters in dielectric matrices with nonlinear optical (NLO) or photoluminescence (PL) properties. Gold nanocluster thin films consisting of metal clusters 5-30 nm in size embedded in a Nb2O5 or a SiO2 oxide matrix were deposited by ion beam assisted deposition by co-evaporation of Au and Nb or Si with O2+ ion bombardment. Semiconductor nanocluster films have been prepared by IBAD as well. Silicon-rich silica films were deposited by coevaporation of silica and silicon with and without simultaneous ion bombardment. PL attributable to defects in SiO2 was observed at about 550 nm. After annealing, the PL peak shifts to 750 nm and increases in intensity, indicating the formation of Si nanoclusters. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of annealed IBAD films show a dense distribution of mostly spherically shaped crystalline Si nanoclusters, about 1-4 nm in diameter, in a featureless amorphous SiO2 matrix. TEM images of films prepared without ion assist showed many less crystalline Si clusters, that were more irregularly shaped, within 0.1 micrometers amorphous silica grains. Passivation of the films with hydrogen removes the defect PL peak and enhances the peak due to nanoclusters. We have also prepared Ge nanoclusters in silica films with and without IBAD.


Niobium alloys were successfully joined by fusion and resistance welding and brazing. The two alloys used were Fansteel 82 (Ta-Zr-Nb) and Dupont D31 (Ti- Mo-Nb-). Problems in the welding of these materials and the methods used are discussed. Fusion welding was done in an inert atmosphere. Dried argon, helium, and mixtures of the two were used in the chamber and in the torch. In resistance welding. Fansteel 82 foil was shaped and welded into honeycomb cores for brazing into sandwiches. Core nodes were welded with stainless steel equipment using a 100 kv power source. Five brazing alloys were tested and titanium appeared to give the best results. (M.C.G.)


The cellular basis of immunological memory within the B cell compartment remains poorly defined. Although classically B cell memory has been attributed to an IgM-IgDsubset of resting B cells, more recent studies show that B cells bearing all the hallmarks of memory exist within 1gM and IgD bearing compartments. In addition, a novel memory B cell, that lacks typical B cell lineage markers, has been described. First, this study provides strong evidence that the B cell lineage negative memory cell described by others is in fact an unusual myeloid lineage cell. By absorbing serum IgO, in an FcyRl dependent manner, these cells appear to be antigen-specific. The possibility that these cells may have a role in regulating T helper cell and B cell responses has been investigated. Second, this study looks into the requirement of CD40 signals in the generation of non-classical 1gM memory.


As part of the development of the new Corporate Identity for SAIPA, a few new items have been launched and are available for use. Some of the new items will include a new SAIPA PowerPoint slide template for use when doing presentations. The appropriate template for the different regions is reflected, and can be chosen for presentations.


In this paper, we focus on solving the time delay as a separate problem to the reconstruction of the microphone and sound locations. The time delay estimation appears as one of the main steps in sensor calibration problem, once the time delays are known or estimated, we can solve the time-difference-of-arrival problems by converting them to time-of-arrival problems. In this paper we make use of an alternating projection approach for estimating time delays. We show both for simulated and real data that alternative projecting algorithm yields good estimates of the time delays, even when provided with bad initial estimations. The method is also easy to implement and comparatively fast.


Recently Francisco Presas Mata constructed the first examples of closed contact manifolds of dimension larger than 3 that contain a plastikstufe, and hence are non-fillable. Using contact surgery on his examples we create on every sphere S^{2n-1}, n>1, an exotic contact structure \xi_- that also contains a plastikstufe. As a consequence, every closed contact manifold M (except S^1) can be converted into a contact manifold that is not (semi-positively) fillable by taking the connected sum of M with (S^{2n-1},\xi_-).


Cancer immunotherapy is a new approach to cancer treatment. Dendritic cells, the most potent antigen-presenting cells found in humans, have attracted a lot of researches. However, dendritic cells are insufficient to cross-present self-antigens in-vivo. To improve the dendritic cells' antigen-presenting capabilities and the anti-tumor effect, in vitro preparation of dendritic cell vaccine and combination with pro-apoptotic treatments such as chemotherapy are being used.

Key words:
Dendritic cells; Antineoplastic agents; Immunotherapy


This study presents a novel, underactuated robot locomotion system inspired by the Jacob's Ladder illusion toy, aimed at overcoming challenges encountered by wheeled locomotion on rugged and soft terrains. The system comprises interconnected body segments using flexible wires, offering inherent robustness and scalability due to its simple design. The motion is achieved through servo-controlled rotations, with joint locations adapting as segments pivot around each other. These segments utilize wires as hinges and tension-based constraints, enabling perpetual rotations, thereby propelling the robot forward while remaining flat on the ground. The manufacturing process involves rapid 3D printing for housing and CNC machining for PCB board fabrication. Flexible hinges are attached using threaded bolts, providing tension adjustability. The robot's microcontroller setup involves separate controllers for each body segment, communicating with a central offboard microcontroller for sensor data aggregation, configuration determination, and servo control. This modular design ensures easy addition and removal of segments without disrupting the overall electrical connectivity. The developed locomotion system showcases potential for enhanced adaptability and performance in challenging terrains.


To study the nature and magnitude of gene effects for six metric traits in four spring wheat crosses, additive-dominance model and digenic interaction model were chosen. The dominance gene effects were more important than additive gene effects in almost all cases which showed presence of both kinds of gene effects. Epistasis was indkatd in 12 out of 24 cases. The additive × dominance interaction (J) was a minor component of epistasis. Presence of trigenic or higher order interactions or linked digenics was indicated for tillers and grain yield/plant in cross HD 2122 × Sonalika. Epistasis played a big role in the control of plant height, tillers/plant and grain yield than in the control of the remaining three characters. The crosses WL 711 × HD 1981 and WG 377 × HD 1925 can provide better opportunities for improvement through simple selection procedures than the remaining two crosses.


For every positive integer k we consider the class SCCk of all finite graphs whose strongly connected components have size at most k. We show that for every k, the Modal mu-Calculus fixpoint hierarchy on SCCk collapses to the level Delta2, but not to Comp(Sigma1,Pi1) (compositions of formulas of level Sigma1 and Pi1). This contrasts with the class of all graphs, where Delta2=Comp(Sigma1,Pi1).


The Atlanta Classification defines acute pancreatitis as mild or severe. A number of aspects have been discussed in recent years, such as, how many categories of severity should be considered; whether the patient with organ failure is similar to the patient with infected necrosis; the role of transient organ failure; and how to evaluate organ failure. The meeting "Evidence Based Telemedicine Trauma and Acute Care Surgery" (EBT-TACS) conducted a critical review on the topic, selected three main papers that have outlined two major reviews published in recent months. These articles suggest the severity classification in three or four categories, rather than mild or severe only, and discuss what is the best score to assess organ failure. The following recommendations were proposed: (1) Acute pancreatitis should be classified into four categories: mild, moderate, severe and critical, which allows a better stratification of patients, (2) Evaluation of organ failure with a severity score that preferably evaluate directly each organ failure, such as the SOFA and MODS (Marshall). The SOFA seems to have greater accuracy, but the MODS has better applicability due to the


Yu, Qun. M.S., Purdue University, August, 2010. Design and Implementation of Web-based Data and Network Management System for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks. Major Professor: Yao Liang. Today, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are forming an exciting new area to have dramatic impacts on science and engineering innovations. New WSNbased technologies, such as body sensor networks in medical and health care and environmental monitoring sensor networks, are emerging. Sensor networks are quickly becoming a flexible, inexpensive, and reliable platform to provide solutions for a wide variety of applications in real-world settings. The increase in the proliferation of sensor networks has paralleled the use of more heterogeneous systems in deployment. In this thesis, our work attempts to develop a new network management and data collection framework for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks called as Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Management System (H-WSNMS), which enables to manage and operate various sensor network systems with unified control and management services and interface. The H-WSNMS framework aims to provide a scheme to manage, query, and interact with sensor network systems. By introducing the concept of Virtual Command Set, a series of unified application interfaces and Metadata (XML files) across multiple WSNs are designed and implement the scalability and flexibility of the management functions for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which is demonstrated though through a series of web-based WSN management Applications such as Monitoring, Configuration, Reprogram, Data


The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a capacitor. A base material and a first conductive material layer are provided. The first conductive material layer is arranged on the base material. Parts of the first conductive material layer are removed, so multiple inner electrodes are formed. The first inner electrodes are arranged in the first direction. A gap is arranged between adjacent first inner electrodes. An atomic layer deposition step is carried out in the second direction, so a first dielectric layer is formed. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, so the dielectric layer is allowed to cover the first inner electrodes and parts of the base material. The gaps are not filled with the dielectric layer. A second conductive material layer is formed, and is filled with the gaps which are not filled with the dielectric layer, so multiple second inner electrodes are formed.


Purpose: This article introduces a method of taking impressions accurately through the use of inner stoppers on a custom tray in order to fabricate precise prostheses.Materials and Methods: The location of the stoppers is marked on the study cast with black or blue ink. Paraffin wax is placed on the study cast as spacers. The wax is perforated with a sharp hand instrument at the location of the stoppers in a cone shape at the posterior area and as four inclined planes at the anterior area. The custom tray material is mixed and placed on the study cast. The stability of the tray on the cast should then be checked.Discussion: A cone-shaped stopper at the occlusal pit can guide the tray to the desired location. A stopper with an internal quadrangular pyramid can also guide the tray to its location.Conclusion: The recommended shape and the location of stoppers stabilized the custom tray in the mouth, thus achieving an accurate impression.


Introduction Social theorists have recently given considerable attention to the problem of designing institutions which ensure that individuals seeking their own interests maximize welfare or serve the interests of some principal, such as the government. By institutions is meant the rules that cover such things as decision-making procedures, property transfers, bargaining processes, or voting schemes. So far, however, very little attention has been given to some of the implications of problems of the second best for institutional design. Such problems concern the optimal policy when all the conditions required for a first best solution are not present. They are well known in the literature on welfare economics (Mishan 1981; Ng 1983; Bos and Seidel 1986). The main point of interest in this literature is that, contrary to our intuitions, when the conditions required for a first best do not apply in one sector of the economy, the next best solution may not be to get all other sectors as close as possible to the conditions that were required for a first best solution. It may be better to have all other sectors also deviate from the first best settings (Lipsey and Lancaster 1956), moreover, in ways that are difficult to predict (Mishan 1981). The purpose of this chapter is to explore some of the more general implications of this aspect of the second best. It is particularly concerned with the question of whether, in political institutions, it can be assumed that small changes in initial conditions or rules can be ignored.


Bringing a new technology into the classroom can be a difficult endeavor. This can be especially true if the technology itself is still evolving rapidly and has not yet been applied to technical education, and even more so if the technology is not perceived as a valid scientific endeavor by most faculty and university officials. This paper describes the steps taken to bring one such technology, virtual reality, into the chemical engineering curriculum, despite the many difficulties encountered along the way. The continuing journey from initial concept to widespread acceptance has been a difficult series of new frontiers, not unlike those encountered by the early explorers who founded this country so many years ago...


【Objective】The aim of this experiment was to establish a swift, efficient and precise analytical method for simultaneously determining ten organophosphorus pesticides multi-residues in chewing cane. 【Method】Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, pre-treated with modified QuEChERS technology and then determined by GC with NPD. 【Result】The linear relations among ten organophosphorus pesticides were obtained in the concentration range from 0.1 to 10.0 mg/kg with the correlation coefficients range from 0.9968 to 0.9998. Under 0.02-2.0 mg/kg added concentration, recovery rates of ten organophosphorus pesticides were ranged from 75.69% to 108.31% , the relative standard deviation found was from 2.94% to 9.23% and the lowest detection limit was 0.010-0.035 mg/kg. 【Conclusion】The established QuEChERS-gas chromatography method, which is sensitive, accurate, convenient and reliable and had high recovery rate and great separation effects, could meet the demand of analyzing pesticides residues.


The authors describe a 0.35 /spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS RF to digital base band monochip for the DCS1800/GSM900 standard. Linked to this design, a substrate coupling study has been developed in order to prevent a noisy substrate under sensitive analog RF blocks such as Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs).


The linear stability of the plane Couette flow of both power-law and Carreau fluids past a deformable, neo-Hookean solid is analyzed at arbitrary Reynolds numbers. An algebraic error in the mathematical formulation of the earlier studies (for the power-law fluid) is corrected and is shown to result in quantitative differences in the predictions for the stability of the flow. Due to the lack of a proper (zero-shear) viscosity scale and a time scale for the onset of shear thinning in the power-law model, we show that the stability analysis of the flow yields vastly different scalings for the unstable mode depending on the way the problem is scaled to render it dimensionless. When the deformable solid properties are used to non-dimensionalize, we show that for the unstable modes (the so-called "wall modes" at high Re) Γc∝Re−1(2n+1), while when flow properties are used to non-dimensionalize, Γc∝Re−13 much akin to a Newtonian fluid, where Γ=Vm*η*/G*R* is the dimensionless shear rate in the flow, and Γc denotes the minimum value required for instability. Here, Vm* is the velocity of the top plate, G* is the shear modulus of the solid, R* is the fluid thickness, and η* is the (arbitrary) viscosity scale in the power-law model. Within the framework of the power-law model, it is not possible to discriminate between the two predicted scalings. To resolve this in an unambiguous manner, we used the Carreau model to account for shear thinning and to study its role on the stability of flow past deformable solid surfaces. The Carreau model has a well-defined zero-shear viscosity η0* as well as a time scale λ* that characterizes the onset of shear thinning. For fixed λ*η0*/(ρ*R*2), we show that the unstable wall modes scale as Γc∼Re(1−2n)3 at high Re, thus providing a resolution to the ambiguity in the results obtained using the power-law model. The present work thus shows that, at moderate to high Re, shear thinning has a strongly stabilizing effect on the wall mode instability in flow past deformable solid surfaces.


The invention discloses a multifunctional infant crawling assist device which comprises a base, wherein the front edge of the base is high, the back edge of the base is low, the left lateral wall and the right lateral wall are symmetrically arranged, the height of the left lateral wall and the height of the right lateral wall are gradually reduced from front to back and are used for preventing an infant from sliding off, a sunken portion matched with the abdomen of the infant in shape is defined by the front edge, the back edge, the left lateral wall and the right lateral wall in the center of the base in an enclosed mode, a protection pad is placed on the lower portion of the abdomen of the infant in the sunken portion in a laid mode, and wheels capable of being replaced are arranged in the four corners of the base. According to the multifunctional infant crawling assist device, human engineering design is adopted for the specific figure of the infant, the protection pad is combined with the base to stably support the upper part of the body of the infant, heads and abdomens of infants not raising heads and incapable of being supported by arms cannot make contact with the ground when the infants use the device, it is guaranteed that the infants use safely, sanitarily and comfortably, adults taking care of the infants can save worry and force, but also the abdomens of the infants are uniformly stressed on the protection pad, and physical and mental sound development of the infants in the process when the infants learn to crawl is facilitated.


Objective: Carcinoid tumors can produce excessive amounts of biogenic amines, notably serotonin. We assessed psychiatric symptoms in carcinoid patients and peripheral metabolism of tryptophan, the precursor of serotonin. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with carcinoid syndrome underwent a structured psychiatric interview applying DSM-IV (Diagnostical Statistical Manual) criteria. Tumor activity was measured by determination of 24-hour urine excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and platelet serotonin levels. Plasma tryptophan levels were measured and compared with sex- and age-matched references. Results: Fifteen patients (75%) fulfilled diagnostic DSM-IV criteria for a disorder of impulse control. Tryptophan plasma levels were lower in patients compared with controls (p = .031) and were correlated negatively with urinary 5-HIAA excretion (p = .001). Conclusions: Impulse control disorders are prevalent in patients with carcinoid syndrome. The serotonin production by the tumor possibly decreases the tryptophan pool in the cerebrospinal fluid, which is the essential substrate for the production of brain serotonin as a pivotal neurotransmitter.


O. M. Griffin. This is an interesting paper which treats a resonant flow-induced vibration problem that is of both fundamental and practical importance. Other recently proposed models [1-3] account for many of the distinguishing nonlinear, resonant characteristics of the vortex-induced vibration phenomenon, but they are essentially heuristic in nature. It would, however, be useful for the authors to provide additional details on several aspects of their model as they have proposed it. The model advanced by Iwan and Blevins has been developed from the integral momentum equation for a control volume inside which a cylinder is located and in which a vortex street is formed. The momentum flux Sy has been specified by utilizing the results of Chen [4] who has proposed a model for the lift due to the formation of a von Karman vortex street behind a bluff body. The authors have expressed the momentum flux as


This study investigated the optimal reaction conditions for biodiesel production from soursop (Annona muricata) seeds. A high oil yield of 29.6% (w/w) could be obtained from soursop seeds. Oil extracted from soursop seeds was then converted into biodiesel through two-step transesterification process. A highest biodiesel yield of 97.02% was achieved under optimal acid-catalyzed esterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, 1% H2SO4, reaction time: 90 min, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 10:1) and optimal alkali-catalyzed transesterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, reaction time: 30 min, 0.6% NaOH, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 8:1). The properties of soursop biodiesel were determined and most were found to meet the European standard EN 14214 and American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6751. This study suggests that soursop seed oil is a promising biodiesel feedstock and that soursop biodiesel is a viable alternative to petrodiesel.


Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are involved in demyelinating pathologies including multiple sclerosis (MS). In our recent study, oligodendrocyte‐specific deletion of FGFR1 resulted in a milder disease course, less inflammation, reduced myelin and axon damage in EAE. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of oligodendroglial FGFR2 in MOG35‐55‐induced EAE. Oligodendrocyte‐specific knockout of FGFR2 (Fgfr2ind−/−) was achieved by application of tamoxifen; EAE was induced using the MOG35‐55 peptide. EAE symptoms were monitored over 62 days. Spinal cord tissue was analysed by histology, immunohistochemistry and western blot. Fgfr2ind−/− mice revealed a milder disease course, less myelin damage and enhanced axonal density. The number of oligodendrocytes was not affected in demyelinated areas. However, protein expression of FGFR2, FGF2 and FGF9 was downregulated in Fgfr2ind−/− mice. FGF/FGFR dependent signalling proteins were differentially regulated; pAkt was upregulated and pERK was downregulated in Fgfr2ind−/− mice. The number of CD3(+) T cells, Mac3(+) cells and B220(+) B cells was less in demyelinated lesions of Fgfr2ind−/− mice. Furthermore, expression of IL‐1β, TNF‐α and CD200 was less in Fgfr2ind−/− mice than controls. Fgfr2ind−/− mice showed an upregulation of PLP and downregulation of the remyelination inhibitors SEMA3A and TGF‐β expression. These data suggest that cell‐specific deletion of FGFR2 in oligodendrocytes has anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects accompanied by changes in FGF/FGFR dependent signalling, inflammatory cytokines and expression of remyelination inhibitors. Thus, FGFRs in oligodendrocytes may represent potential targets for the treatment of inflammatory and demyelinating diseases including MS.


As a new green energy source, geothermal resource's exploration, development, and utilization are an important direction in geophysical exploration at present. In this study, the actual land surface temperature was inferred based on the thermal infrared band of Landsat8 remote-sensing images, and the information about the surface anomalies and their spatial distribution was obtained through a multifactor analysis. In addition, three magnetotelluric sounding profiles were deployed in the study area, and the geo-electric sections in the study area were obtained through inversion of the measured data. Then, based on the inverse geo-electric information and the land surface temperature anomaly information, we analyzed and verified the geothermal resource genesis of the thermal anomaly area and inferred the favorable geothermal resource area in the study area. The results show that these two methods can be used to compare and analyze the possible distribution of the geothermal resources in the study area in two dimensions: the spatial distribution on the surface and the vertical distribution in the subsurface. Moreover, the results of the geothermal anomalies inferred from the thermal infrared remote sensing and the geo-electric results inferred from the magnetotelluric data are in good agreement. This study demonstrates that the integrated application of thermal infrared remote sensing and magnetotelluric technology is a promising tool for geothermal exploration.


This paper is concerned with a Lyapunov functional approach to stability for a networked control system model of sampled-data systems. The Lyapunov functional constructed has the sampling characteristic of the sampled-data system. Compared with usual Lyapunov functional, it is of the second order in time t and of every term being dependent on time t explicitly. Moreover, it may be discontinuous and it is not necessarily definite positive. This general Lyapunov functional can employs fully the information of sampled-data systems, especially that of the sampling interval. By proposing a lemma to the Lyapunov functional, a new sampling-interval-dependent exponential stability criterion is derived. Then this exponential stability criterion is extended to sampled-data systems with polytopic uncertainties. A new sampling-interval-dependent asymptotic stability criterion is also obtained. The stability criteria are demonstrated by examples that they are less conservative than some existing ones in the literature.


The integration of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with an inertial navigation system (INS) can provide accurate and reliable navigation information using a data fusing algorithm such as a Kalman filter. There has been much interest in the absolute accuracy with dominant components of mid-term and long-term errors in current research works related to the GNSS/INS navigation systems, whereas few research works focus on the relative accuracy on different time scales. However, new applications of GNSS/INS integration, such as position and orientation system for mobile mapping systems and the GNSS/INS deeply-coupled receiver, require the relative accuracy on different time scales, especially that of the short-term accuracy. This paper raises the importance of the short-term accuracy of the GNSS/INS systems in certain applications. Current methods to evaluate the navigation accuracy are mainly to provide some statistical values that can represent the overall error level (e.g., RMS), but cannot show the relative accuracy. Allan variance is a method of representing root mean square (RMS) random drift error as a function of average time. An Allan variance analysis method is proposed in this paper to evaluate the relative accuracy on different time scales of GNSS/INS systems. The feasibility of the idea was verified by the road test results of different grades of GNSS/INS systems. The results show that Allan variance can give the levels of the navigation accuracy of the GNSS/INS systems on different time scales in an effective way, especially for the short-term accuracy.


There is a fault line running through classical liberalism as to whether or not democratic self-governance is a necessary part of a liberal social order. The democratic and non-democratic strains of classical liberalism are both present today—particularly in the United States. Many contemporary libertarians and neo-Austrian economists represent the non-democratic strain in their promotion of non-democratic sovereign city-states (start-up cities or charter cities). We will take the late James M. Buchanan as a representative of the democratic strain of classical liberalism. Since the fundamental norm of classical liberalism is consent, we must start with the intellectual history of the voluntary slavery contract, the coverture marriage contract, and the voluntary non-democratic constitution (or pactum subjectionis). Next we recover the theory of inalienable rights that descends from the Reformation doctrine of the inalienability of conscience through the Enlightenment (e.g. Spinoza and Hutcheson) in the abolitionist and democratic movements. Consent-based governments divide into those based on the subjects' alienation of power to a sovereign and those based on the citizens' delegation of power to representatives. Inalienable rights theory rules out that alienation in favor of delegation, so the citizens remain the ultimate principals and the form of government is democratic. Thus the argument concludes in agreement with Buchanan that the classical liberal endorsement of sovereign individuals acting in the marketplace generalizes to the joint action of individuals as the principals in their own organizations.


Introduction: Lifestyle and dietary habits of the patient are the most influencial factors for the formation of gall stones. Gallstones constitute a significant health problem in developed countries, affecting 10% to 15% of the adult population. In India prevalence of gall stones is 10 -20 %. Gallstones are common in the female population as compared to males. Formation of gallstones is due to inadequate physical activity, high waist hip ratio and excessive intake of saturated fats. Cholelithiasis is sometimes diagnosed in patients incidentally or as silent stones. Also they are reported in association with clinical symptoms such as cholecystitis and cholangitis. Ultrasound is the method having best sensitivity and specificity for evaluating patients with suspected gallstones. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out in the department of Radiology CCM Medical College and Hospital Kachandur, Durg. Total 150 patients were included in the study who were diagnosed of cholelithiasis. All patients underwent ultrasound examination prior to their surgery and histopathological analysis of gallbladder postoperatively. The gall stone was taken out and was further examined for bilirubin, calcium, cholesterol and phosphate. Results: 133 were positive for gallstones and 17 negative for gallstones. Out of 133 positive for gall stones 129 were confirmed by histopathology and 4 were found to have no gallstones on histopathology. Of the 17 ultrasound scans found to be negative for gallstone, no subsequent gallstones found on histopathology. As compared to histopathological reports sensitivity of ultrasonography was 100% (95% CI 97.18% to 100.00%). Specificity was 80.95 %( 58.09% to 94.55%). Positive Predictive Value 96.99 %( 95% CI 93.03% to 98.73%) and negative Predictive Value was 100.00 %. Accuracy of ultrasonography was 97.33% (95% CI 93.31% to 99.27%).Of the total histologically confirmed gallstones 20(15.03%) were cholesterol stone, 96 (74.04%) were mixed stone, while 13(10.34%) were pigment stone, Conclusion: Ultrasonography is accurate in diagnosing cholelithiasis and is considered the preferred initial imaging technique for patients who are suspected of having acute calculous cholecystitis.


This debate was brought to the fore following the discussion on the presentations by two discussants, Prof Timothy Noakes and Prof Jacques Rossouw (alphabetical) at the 2012 University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences centenary debate. The manuscripts of the discussants appear in this issue of the SAJCN , and are published without undergoing the journal's peer-review process. The Nutrition Society of South Africa condoned the two manuscripts by Rossouw, and requested their publication in the SAJCN as narrative reviews for the SAJCN's readership. Since the publication by Noakes had apparently ALSO not been published, the author was also invited to submit his manuscript for publication, in order to afford perspective in the specific domain, and also present the SAJCN readership with the opportunity of contributing to this debate.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a Canadian corporation's implementation and application of a sustainable business operation and model. It is based upon a case study of an International Canadian coffee and donut chain: Tim Hortons.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through: extensive publications of corporate documents, observations of actual operations at retail sites and social media sites.Findings – The paper finds that Tim Hortons has clearly made progress toward greater sustainability. However, its program often lacks specificity, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Within a visibly and highly polluting industry Tim Hortons sustainability program is a step in the right direction but there are areas in need of improvement.Research limitations/implications – The findings of this study paradoxically suggest that it is difficult for a company in the fast food industry to truly become sustainable given certain characteristics of the industry (disposal food a...


be congratulated on having recruited for this purpose such a distinguished scholar with a sharp eye and a tongue to express what he sees. One final comment. Unless 1 have missed it, I do not think that there is single object from New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art featured in Islamic Art and Architecture, though that museum contains many of the finest surviving pieces of Islamic art. My guess is that the museum's prohibitively high charges for reproduction rights are deterring art historians from using the museum's exhibits to illustrate their books. In the long run, the short-term attitude to cash flow of some museums may have a seriously deforming impact on the world history of art. It may even lead to the treasures of those museums being undervalued.


This book is an outgrowth of the work its author has done in the past 15 years in the areas of jitter and jitter analysis. It covers the basics of random processes and jitter and builds on these up to systems and testing. While the book places an emphasis on basic probability theory and the mathematics of jitter, there are no problems to aid this book as a text. Despite some flaws with reference and topic coverage, the book largely succeeds at providing one source for jitter information and serves as useful reference.


This study aims to determine how the effect of awareness such as good governance, tax understanding, and tax sanctions against taxpayers compliance, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Respondents of this research are 170 the individual taxpayer in Medan. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hypothesis testing results show that good governance has a positive significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance, tax understanding has a positive significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance, tax sanctions has a positive significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance. Keywords— Good Govermamce, Tax Understanding, Tax Sanctions, Tax Payers Complianc.


The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of protons, Br79 and Brsl has been studied in single crystals of Cu(NH4)2Br4,2 HzO between 0.4 and 4.2 OK. In the paramagnetic phase, two transitions of pure quadrupole resonance associated with Br79 and Brsl were observed at 8.345 and 6.973 MHz. In the ferromagnetic phase below 1.831 OK, the observed splittings of these transitions by the internal magnetic fields are in good agreement, as the susceptibility measurements, with an easy axis along c. The deduced relative spontaneous magnetization fits the law m(T) = 1.54(1 T/Tc)o-40 for 10-3 < 1 TIT: < 60.10-3. At low temperature the magnetization has been deduced from the proton NMR frequencies and found In good agreement with the spin wave theory.


A systematic expansion of the Boltzmann equation for the diffusion of dilute tracers, in powers of the Knudsen number, carried out to next-to-leading order (NLO), gives the relativistic causal diffusion equation (Kelly's equation). Using dimensionless combinations of dynamical quantities, we show when the small NLO term plays a crucially important role. We proceed to show that a derivation of Kelly's equation from a microscopic theory of the correlation function of the number density of diffusers is possible. The correlator fulfils the Green-Kubo relation for the diffusion constant, as well as an f-sum which goes beyond a purely phenomenological causal theory. We argue that the construction generalizes to the full hydrodynamic equations.


This collection of papers provides the most up-to-date information available for researchers and engineers who are interested in any aspect of the field of solidification processes. Herein, theoretical analyses are presented, as well as studies of the technological problems which are associated with solidification in various gravitational environments. The topics covered range from fundamental aspects and modelling, to practical engineering applications. The contents are presented under the headings of: Rapid Solidification; Microstructure Evolution of Eutectics, Peritectics and Monotectics; Single Crystals; Melt Flow, Macrosegregation; Particle Inclusion, Foam, Composites; Microsegregation, Mushy Zone; Microgravity Effect; Continuous and Mould Casting; Thermophysical Properties; Author Index and Keyword Index. This work will be of great interest to those who come into contact with solidification, in any of its guises.


Objective:There are two non-invasive imaging comparison in clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolism provide a more meaningful guidance imaging method to further improve the diagnosis of PE.Methods:From March 2006 to November 2009,clinical suspected pulmonary embolism,and in the anticoagulation and / or thrombolytic therapy in the former also accept a 64-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography and lung ventilation / perfusion imaging and medical records of 180 patients with complete data as the study.Each patient's of 64-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography and lung ventilation / perfusion imaging of the image based on the same diagnostic criteria to conduct an independent analysis.Results:CTPA and V / Q imaging in diagnosis of PE,the sensitivity,specificity,consistent with the rate of positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio were 90.5% vs 83.8%,91.5% vs 85%,91.1% vs 84.4%,CTPA and V / Q imaging in diagnosis of PE's K values were 0.680,0.648.Conclusion:Cases of suspected pulmonary embolism,both can be excluded as a diagnosis of suspected cases of pulmonary embolism screening method.


This publication gives the results of the bottom trawlings made during the cruises Togo 5 and Togo 6 by the oceanographic research vessel "Andre Nizery" on the continental shelf of Togo during the estimation program of halieutic resources. The report includes: 1 - the report of the cruises Togo 5 and Togo 6; 2 - Some information on the presentation of the results; 3 - the trawl recording maps for the 2 cruises; 4 - The length frequency distributions of the measured samples.


We explore the properties of systems composed of two or three layers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package (VASP), a software package for performing first principles simulations based on density functional theory (DFT). Particular attention is given to the contribution of inter-layer dispersion interactions, which are modeled within VASP by the "DFT-D2" method of Grimme. We obtain the binding and van der Waals energies, and inter-layer separations for the most stable stacking configurations of each of the following systems: h-BN/graphene, graphene/h-BN/graphene, hBN/graphene/h-BN, h-BN/h-BN/graphene, and graphene/graphene/h-BN. We observe that the addition of h-BN layers to graphene structures induces a band gap, ranging from 0.024 eV, for the graphene/h-BN/graphene arrangement, to 0.16 eV, for the h-BN/graphene/h-BN arrangement. These results, specifically band gaps on the same order as those of silicon and germanium, indicate that graphene/h-BN layered structures may have applications in electronics. Introduction Graphene is a two-dimensional, honeycomb lattice populated entirely by carbon atoms. Since its isolation and characterization in 2004, there has been much interest in integrating graphene into electronics, due to its remarkable electronic and structural properties. Graphene's high thermal and electrical conductivities, in addition to its compact size and low noise, make it ideal as a current carrier in integrated circuits. If graphene is to carry current through a transistor, it must be made to exhibit, or included as a part of a structure that exhibits, a band gap on the order of 100 meV to 1 eV. Graphene transistors have been demonstrated prior to this writing, however, due to the difficulty of inducing an appreciable band gap in graphene, all have suffered low gain, among other limitations, and none have been suitable to replace existing transistors. We explored the effects of adding layers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) to graphene structures, intending to evaluate the plausibility of using graphene/h-BN layers in transistor construction. Hexagonal boron nitride is a honeycomb lattice with a parameter of 2.52 Å, which is only slightly larger than graphene's 2.46 Å. It has already been demonstrated that it is possible to grow graphene directly on h-BN and vice-versa by means of chemical vapor deposition. Consequently, h-BN is a suitable companion for graphene. Because h-BN, alone, is an insulator with a band gap of 5.2 eV, we hoped to observe that a system composed of layers of graphene and h-BN would have a moderate band gap within our target range of 100 meV to 1 eV. Instruments and Methods The computational investigation was conducted using the Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package (VASP) version 5.1.8. Stated most concisely, VASP's function is to relax the overall structure of any given infinitely repeating lattice toward its lowest energy configuration. VASP relaxes both the electronic structure and the ionic positions using an iterative process. Initially, the ionic positions are held constant, in line with the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, and the minimum energy electron configuration is found by means of density functional theory (DFT). DFT is based on the idea that the minimum energy configuration for any system of electrons in a given static, external potential is uniquely determined by its three-dimensional electron density function. Thus, DFT avoids the computationally difficult problem of solving the many-electron Schrödinger equation by instead solving for the equilibrium electron density. All properties of the system can then be determined by functions of its density (called "density functionals"). Once the electronic structure has been relaxed, VASP finds the potential around each ion and moves them toward their local minima. This process is repeated until the change in energy between successive steps is below a given threshold, indicating that the system has converged. Most implementations of DFT, including earlier versions of VASP (through version 4), do not accurately handle van der Waals interactions between atoms. The most recent release of VASP, however, includes a semi-empirical approximation of dispersion interactions which was originally described by Grimme, and which is referred to as "DFT-D2." The DFT-D2 method adds a dispersion term (Edisp) to the system's total energy. As described by Bučko et al., the dispersion energy is of the following form:   at at ,0 , 6 6 6 ,0 , 1 1 N N ij i j disp i j i j C E s f '


We derived the energy gap of superconductor close to Tc, without using the usual methods of creation-annulation operators CC+. our approximations ar in good agreement with the numerical estimates and theoretical results.


In order to meet the requirements of standardization of virtualization in cloud computing platform, improve the flexibility and expansibility of the system and enhance the capability of management-control of the platform, by means of introducing the features of decoupling and semantic of metadata, a Metadata-driven Cloud Computing Application Virtualization Model(MCCAVM)  in software level is proposed in the paper based on Turing machine model and Von Neumann computer architecture. The model achieves the complete life cycle management of the capabilities and services. Based on the formal definition, analyzing the hierarchical structure with multi-role and multi-dimensional view, the paper proposes a Metadata-driven Cloud Computing Application Virtualization System(MCCAVS). Taking the production of virtual cloud storage service as example, this paper gives formal analysis of system running and compares with other relating work. The results show that the model presents good reference on the construction of cloud computing application virtualization platform.


The effects of active components (α-lipoic acid, urea and essential tea tree oil) on the structural mechanical (apparent viscosity, shear stress, type of flow) and physicochemical (colloid and thermal stability, pH) properties of the emulsion vehicle were studied in order to substantiate the optimal composition of cream. Analysis of the structural and mechanical properties of the developed samples was carried out on a rotary viscometer BROOKFIELD DV-II + PRO (USA) with a spindle SC4-21. By results of the research ascending and descending curves of the hysteresis loops (rheograms) were constructed and apparent viscosity shear rate dependence was defined. Using the modern rotational viscometer «Rheolab QC», Anton Paar (Germany) with coaxial cylinders CCC27/SS we determined the hysteresis areas of experimental emulsions that allowed choosing finally complex of emulsifiers. The influences of the components on the colloidal and thermal stability were studied. Attention was drawn that the addition of α-lipoic acid significantly affects the pH value, namely shifts the indicator to the acidic side. Under the investigations conducted optimum emulsion vehicle composition was selected for cream under develop for use in diabetic foot syndrome.


This is a course completion work whose objective is to understand the role of the nursing professional in relation to patients with renal failure, undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Renal failure occurs when the kidneys are unable to remove toxins and waste from the body, in most cases leading to the need for hemodialysis treatment. To achieve the general objective, it was necessary to outline the following specific objectives: understand the importance of these specific interventions; discuss the direct impact that nurses have on patient outcomes, with a fundamental aim to guarantee the quality of care, from promotion, prevention and treatment. This is a study with a qualitative approach, whose procedure is an integrative literature review. It is concluded that the reflections brought forward in this work contribute to the advancement of comprehensive and holistic nursing care for people undergoing hemodialysis treatment, based on interventions and the use of tools that promote safe care.


Methods available for estimation of body fat in the living subject are unsatis-factory. The standard method relies on a measurement of body density, and 'it is assumed all adult normal are identical in their of water, protein, and mineral, and that they differ only in possessing varying of pure fat appended to the basic lean structure' This assumption, valid for small mammals, for man does not in states of abnor-mal hydration including pregnancy. The values of twelve dried grasses as sources of energy for sheep have recently been determined (Armstrong, 1964a). The accuracy of prediction of these values from a knowledge of either dry-matter digestibility determined in vivo or chemical composition of the dry matter, has been reported (Armstrong, 1964b). This last-mentioned study, relating specifically to the twelve grasses referred to above, and that of Armstrong, Blaxter & Waite (1964), which included data on an additional four herbages, have shown that accuracies of prediction of metabolizable and net energies for maintenance or for production based on in vivo digestibility of either dry matter or of gross energy compared favourably with accuracies of prediction for these energy categories based on chemical composition of the dry matter. 'The digestibilities of organic matter for each of the twelve grasses has been determined by the in vitro method (Alexander & McGowan, 1961) modified by the addition of 0.02 M-ammonium sulphate to the rumen liquor-buffer mixture. The difference between dried and ignited residue weights after allowance for control-tube residues is taken as indigestible organic matter. Using this technique the filter aid need not be measured accurately. The correlation coefficient and derived regression equation relating "/o digestibility of organic matter determined in vivo with sheep fed at the maintenance level (Dl) to that determined in vitro ( X ) were 0.986 (signifi-cant P<O.OOI) and D1=0.92X + 12.48. The comparable data for in vivo digestibility determined when sheep were fed twice the maintenance level (D,) and in vitro digestibility were 0-989 (significant P<O+OOI) and D, = I -


Production of penannular brooches gained an impetus in the late seventh to eighth centuries in Scotland and Ireland. These brooches had a very long chronology of manufacture and in Irish contexts have been viewed as emblems of status. In Ireland, production of penannular brooches was a feature of secular and ecclesiastical elite sites, whereas Scotland has only three definitive secular production sites. The manufacture of these signifiers of status at the peripheral site of the Brough of Birsay, Orkney, raises many questions as to the involvement of the Orkney people in the wider Insular community. Orkney's importance is borne out in various Irish annalistic references, the most tantalising being to the Pictish king Bredei filius Bili's conquest of Orkney in 682. This paper seeks to offer an explanation as to the significance of penannular brooch production, with particular reference to Orkney, and asks whether production occurred within a context of political emancipation or imposition.


Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks are very flexible networks, since they do not depend on any infrastructure or central authority. Due to this property, MANETs are highly ubiquitous in defense, commercial and public sectors. Despite the usage, MANET faces problems with security, packet drops, network overhead, end-to-end delay and battery power. To combat these shortcomings, we have proposed a new trust based on-demand routing protocol that can adapt to the specific energy conditions of nodes in a MANET. It uses the concept of fidelity which varies depending on packet drops. This fidelity is monitored through direct and indirect methods. The main aim of the protocol is to develop a model that considers both trust and battery power of the nodes, before selecting them as prospective nodes for secure transmission of data. With dynamic battery threshold calculations, the nodes make an intelligent choice of the next hop, and packet losses are effectively minimized. In addition to providing data origin authentication services, integrity checks, the proposed "Intelligent Energy Aware Fidelity Based On-Demand Secure Routing (IEFBOD)" protocol is able to mitigate intelligent, colluding malicious agents which drop packets or modify packets etc. that they are required to forward. New packets called report and recommendation have been used to effectively detect and eliminate these malicious nodes from a network. Our protocol has been compared to other existing secure routing protocols using simulation, and it displays improved performance metrics, namely high packet delivery fraction, low normalized routing load and low end-to-end delay.


There are high-strength pollutant, water quality fluctuations, organic matter of high toxicity, low biodegradability characteristics for hydrogen peroxide wastewater. Membrane filtration /catalytic oxidation /coagulation-sedimentation process was used to treat hydrogen peroxide wastewater. The results indicate that the effluent concentrations meet the requirements of the First Grade of Wastewater Discharging Standard (GB 8978-1996) when the influent concentrations of COD, SS, iol, pH are 4500 mg.L-1, 200 mg.L-1, 600 mg.L-1, from 2 to 5 respectively.


publication of an up-to-date manual in a concise and convenient form, which should be in the hands of every practitioner. The more widely such knowledge is spread amongst the profession, the sooner will the day arrive when public opinion backed by the medical profession will demand a radium-institute in this country. Until that day arrives practitioners can only equip themselves to advise their patients as to the utility of seeking treatment in Europe, and this they can do by a careful study of this work. The type is clear, the illustrations excellent,


Abstract The fourth workshop contribution will represent the important perspective of self-organisation and NGOs. A debate on discrimination-sensitive communication can only and exclusively take place if the people who are being talked about have a say - people with experiences of racism and other forms of discrimination. The focus herein should be on partnership and participation rather than paternalism. It is therefore important to talk about self-organisation, self-advocacy and empowerment - and how language, concepts and categories can be sensitively developed with the participation of all those concerned.


Abstract Introduction: En bloc resection of bladder tumors is a good alternative to the "gold-standard" technique of conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumors in the management of nonm...


A 47-year-old man, newly diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia was treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and idarrubicin. On day +24, he presented with fever and swelling in the left lower limb. The US and MRI were compatible with a myositis of tibialis anterior, later confirmed by muscle biopsy. ATRA-induced myositis was suspected. On day +29, ATRA was discontinued and the patient treated with dexamethasone. The patient improved promptly and ATRA was administered thereafter without any myositis relapse. The Naranjo scale indicated a probable relationship between ATRA and myositis. We herein review the published cases. Re-exposition to the drug seems to be safe for the patient.


There are many practical decision-making problems in people's lives, but the information given by decision makers (DMs) is often unclear and how to describe this information is of critical importance. Therefore, we introduce interval neutrosophic linguistic numbers (INLNs) to represent the less clear and uncertain information and give their operational rules and comparison methods. In addition, since the Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator has the special characteristic of capturing the interrelationships among multi-input arguments, we further propose an MSM operator for INLNs (INLMSM). Furthermore, considering the weights of attributes are the important parameters and they can influence the decision results, we also propose a weighted INLMSM (WINLMSM) operator. Based on the WINLMSM operator, we develop a multiple attribute decision making (MADM) method with INLNs and some examples are used to show the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method is more convenient to express the complex and unclear information. At the same time, it is more scientific and flexible in solving the MADM problems by considering the interrelationships among multi-attributes.


We show that a smooth projective non-degenerate arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay subvariety X of P^N infinite Cohen-Macaulay type becomes of finite Cohen-Macaulay type by removing Ulrich bundles if and only if N = 5 and X is a quartic scroll or the Segre product of a line and a plane. In turn, we give a complete and explicit classification of ACM bundles over these varieties.