Purpose: To report a transient myopia with severe chemosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods: A 31-year-old woman was referred for decreased visual acuity of both eyes for 1 week. The patient came to the emergency medical center for facial edema and fever. She was examined and treated for systemic lupus erythematosus. Three years previously the patient underwent LASIK in both eyes, and maintained emmetropia postoperatively. Results: At admission, spherical equivalent was -0.75D in the right eye and -6.5D in the left eye. On the 3rd day, the spherical equivalent was -11.0D in the right eye and -10.0D in the left eye and progressively decreased to -2.0D both eyes by the 12th hospital day. The mean corneal power was 39.8D in the right eye and 39.9D in the left eye on the 2nd hospital day and decreased to 38.8D in the right eye and 38.9D in the left eye by the 12th hospital day. The axial length change was not parallel with myopic changes. The anterior chamber depth was 2.14 mm in the right eye and 1.94 mm in the left eye on the 3rd hospital day and increased to 2.96 mm in the right eye and 2.84 mm in the left eye by the 12th hospital day. Under cycloplegic refraction, ciliary spasm was not evident. The bulbar conjunctivas were markedly chemotic on the 3rd hospital day, but after systemic steroid therapy the chemosis subsided and the conjunctivas became normal by the 12th hospital day. The patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus and after medical treatment, was discharged from the hospital.


Consideration of the elements of the protologue show thatAcer nikoense Maximowicz must be regarded as a valid name for the Nikko Maple of Japan when published in November 1867, not based onNegundo?nikoense Miquel.Acer maximowiczianum Miquel (Dec. 1867) is a superfluous synonym based onA. nikoense Maxim. non Miq.


The three aeromagnetic traverses of Figure 1, in East Texas, demonstrate the applicability of the conventional aeromagnetic method in this area. Flight line AA′ extends from the Sabine uplift across the East Texas Basin, Mexia‐Talco Fault zone, Balcones Fault zone, and Ouachita front to the Llano Uplift. Line BB′ extends from the Sabine Uplift through the northern portion of the East Texas Basin, across the Mexia‐Talco Fault zone to a point near the western boundary of Ellis County. Line CC′ extends in a northerly direction from the center of Montgomery County on the northern flank of the Gulf Coast Geosyncline through the East Texas Basin across the Mexia‐Talco Fault zone to the Red River.


We report a CMOS-compatible silicon microring-enhanced avalanche photodiode based on linear defect-state absorption in a p (cid:1) pn (cid:1) junction, with high responsivities exceeding 1 A/W at telecommunication wavelengths. The large photogenerated currents give rise to giant thermo-optic nonlinearity in the microring resonator, resulting in a linear photocurrent-wavelength response spanning the full free spectral range of the microring. This unique photocurrent spectrum could enable novel applications in wavelength-resolved photodetection, such as compact on-chip spectrometers, linear chirp frequency laser source characterization, and low-cost refractometric sensors without requiring precise wavelength-tunable lasers.


The conventional methods of parameter estimation in transformers, such as the open-circuit and short-circuit tests, are not always available, especially when the transformer is already in operation and its disconnection is impossible. Therefore, alternative (non-interruptive) methods of parameter estimation have become of great importance. In this work, no-interruption, transformer equivalent circuit parameter estimation is presented using the following metaheuristic optimization methods: the genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the gravitational search algorithm (GSA). These algorithms provide a maximum average error of 12%, which is twice as better as results found in the literature for estimation of the equivalent circuit parameters in transformers at a frequency of 50 Hz. This demonstrates that the proposed GA, PSO and GSA metaheuristic optimization methods can be applied to estimate the equivalent circuit parameters of single-phase distribution and power transformers with a reasonable degree of accuracy.


Microgrid is intended and featured to be able to operate in both grid-connected and islanded mode to ensure high quality and reliable power supply. In order to achieve stable operation of the microgrid-connected voltage source inverter (MVSI) units under paralleled or grid-connected mode, a novel synchronization method based on droop control is proposed in this paper. The difference of phase and amplitude between different MVSI units is detected and is used to calculate the output frequency and amplitude of the MVSI. This method can smooth transfer the MVSI units from standalone mode to paralleled mode. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in achieving paralleled operation of the MVSI units.


Introduction Gastric and oesophageal cancers have a high mortality rate, particularly if diagnosed at a late stage. We aimed to determine whether Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers are being missed either endoscopically or histologically in Leeds, and the reasons for any delays identified. Methods As part of our rolling annual audit programme, histopathology records were gathered for all UGI cancers detected between September 2009 and August 2010 at Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust. The endoscopy database was searched for endoscopies in the previous 3 years and the Trust Patient Pathway Manager reviewed for possible delays to diagnosis. Patients were classified into 1 m (possible significant delay). Previous biopsies were reviewed by a consultant histopathologist. Results 211 cases of UGI cancers were detected (range 25–94 years, mean 70 years, 1.89:1 M:F) representing malignancy in 6.1% of 3460 endoscopies with gastric/oesophageal biopsy. Excluded from further study were: no endoscopy report (13); follow-up of previous diagnosis (38); not primary adenocarcinoma (12). 16/148 (10.8%) cases had had endoscopy within the last 3 years, 6/16 (37.5%) had repeat endoscopy within 1m (mean delay 16.2 days). Reasons included: (2) suspicious endoscopy without histological confirmation of malignancy, (1) previous failed intubation, (1) follow-up of oesophageal ulcer. Of the 10 cases with previous endoscopy >1 m earlier, preventable delays were identified in six cases: Bleeding GU not biopsied at index endoscopy (42 days); failure to biopsy GOJ nodule due to triple anti-platelet therapy (91 days); a patient with known High Grade Dysplasia awaiting cardiology opinion before repeat under general anaesthetic (192 days); delayed surveillance interval for Barrett9s Oesophagus (1035 days from previous endoscopy). Only in two cases was the cancer likely to have been missed on the first endoscopy: delayed follow-up after EMR, synchronous gastric carcinoma in separate site (180 days) and repeat endoscopy for symptomatic dysphagia (SCC in high oesophagus) (526 days). The other 4 cases had endoscopies unrelated to the subsequent diagnosis more than 2 years earlier and the delay was considered unavoidable. Review of previous biopsies, including further stains, showed that no malignant diagnosis had been missed. Conclusion 6/148 (4.1%) patients had significant potentially avoidable delays to diagnosis of upper GI cancer. This is commensurate with audits in other centres. Most delays are systematic problems with bookings and appointments rather than endoscopic misses. We believe this simple rolling audit should be adopted as a mandatory Quality Assessment tool for MDTs and/or endoscopy units in order to improve delays in the diagnosis of UGI cancer in all hospitals. Competing interests None declared.


A variable-gain amplifier (VGA) with pseudo-random noise (PN) signal-dependent dithering and chopping is proposed. It allows the ADC gain and offset errors to be calibrated digitally in background. A 10~15 b 60 MS/s floating-point ADC (FADC) with variable gains from 1 to 32 enhance the INL from 24 to 0.9 LSB at 15 b level. Its non-linearity resulting from the VGA gain and offset errors is eliminated after calibration. A chip in 0.18 mum CMOS occupies 3.5 x 2.5 mm2 and consumes 300 mW at 1.8 V.


Underwater acoustic(UWA) communication has multipath error because of reflection by sea-level and sea-bottom. The multipath of UWA channel causes signal distortion and error floor. In this paper, we proposed split input bits of channel decoder using method of maximum value, average value, LLR value for optimal estimation. Channel coding method is LDPC(N size


Decarburisation experiments were carried out by levitating liquid iron droplets in a flowing gas stream containing carbon dioxide at 1723K. Decarburisation of liquid iron droplets by carbon dioxide can be adequately described by the mixed control of gas phase mass transport and dissociative chemisorption of carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide in the gas phase does not have any significant effect on the rate of decarburisation. The rate of decarburisation decreases significantly with increase in sulphur content in the melt and this effect can be quantitatively explained using the Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption coefficient of sulphur is found to be 200. Influence of phosphorus and chromium in the melt on the rate of decarburisation is negligibly small.


In recent years,power analysis attack has become one of the most serious threats to block ciphers implemented on integrated circuits,and the research of this field about attack and defense is a hot spot of cryptographic side channel attacks.This paper introduced correlation power analysis attack on Block Cipher ARIA which was announced by Korea National Security Institute.All its theories are based upon the physical characters,power consumption models and data-dependent power consumption.The methods and steps of CPA were presented in detail,and correct secret key of encryption algorithm was cracked successfully with experiments.Experiment results demonstrate that ARIA is vulnerable to correlation power analysis attack by nonlinear S-box lookup table in the operating leaked.Simulation environment of 10 samples are enough to obtain the 128 bit master key in a short time.


A novel multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO) guidance scheme is proposed for reliable spacecraft rendezvous in the presence of external uncertain disturbance in this paper. To estimate the unknown relative velocity between the chaser and the target in real time, a novel finite-time convergent observer based on second-order sliding mode theory is proposed. Next, a MIMO guidance scheme based on super-twisting control theory is proposed to drive the relative range and its rate converge to a small compact region around zero in finite time. The stability of the closed-loop system is verified via Lyapunov theory. The results of numerical simulation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed guidance scheme.


For construction of Xijiao reservoir for the Jinghui Canal, the strata in both sides of the right and left abutments at el. 393.50~399.50 m, mainly composed of light, middle, heavy silt loam and light silt sandy loam, with a permeability coefficient k=(2.61~6.24)×10~(-4) cm/s, belong to moderate pervious strata. The strata are treated with the soil cement paddling process with expected results. The permeability coefficient is reduced from (2.61~6.24)×10~(-4) cm/s before treatment to (0.69~6.52)×10~(-7) cm/s after treatment. The other indices of the cutoff wall are also improved.


The results of ecological monitoring of the hypergaline lake Kulundinskoye of the Altai Territory in the period 2021-2022 are presented. The research was carried out in the form of a comprehensive study of abiotic factors of the reservoir (climatic features of the lake, temperature regime, salinity of water), biological factors (species composition of brackish-water zooplankton, its abundance), production and structural indicators of the gill-legged crustacean Artemia Leach, 1819. Desalination of water during the transgressive period of water content caused successional speciation processes. There was a change of the gill-legged crustacean as a dominant and monovid to a complex of brackish-water fauna. The artemia population developed under the influence of unfavorable salinity of water with a fluctuation in the lake from 1.9 (April) to 99.0 mg/dm3.
The influence of the transgressive phase of water content on the biota and the extraction (catch) of a biological resource - artemia (at the stage of cysts), as well as the importance of the formation of their commercial accumulations of abiotic environmental factors, is shown. Studies have shown that the prevailing combination of factors during the transgression period – tense climatic conditions, low salinity of water (less than 100 mg/dm3), low number of artemia crustaceans, was the absence of commercial accumulations of biological resources.


Little is known about the risk and course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other forms of dysfunction, associated with combat trauma relative to other traumas. Modified versions of the DSM-III-R PTSD module from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and Composite International Diagnostic Interview were administered to a representative national sample of 5,877 persons 15-54 years old in the part 2 subsample of the National Comorbidity Survey. Of the weighted subsample, 1,703 men reported a traumatic event. The risk of PTSD and other forms of dysfunction were compared for men who nominated combat as their worst trauma versus men nominating other traumas as worst, controlling for confounding influences. Men reporting combat as their worst trauma were more likely to have lifetime PTSD, delayed PTSD symptom onset, and unresolved PTSD symptoms, and to be unemployed, fired, divorced, and physically abusive to their spouses than men reporting other traumas as their worst experience.


Abstract
 The female of Cyclocephala monacha Ratcliffe is described and illustrated for the first time. Biological and distributional data are provided. A preliminary list of 104 Cyclocephala species from Colombia is provided.


We present the results obtained from follow-up observations of the MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF) at X-ray energies with XMM–Newton. The MUDF is centred on a unique field with two bright, physically associated quasars at z ≃ 3.23, separated by ∼500 kpc in projection. Both quasars are embedded within extended Lyα nebulae ($\gtrsim 100~\rm kpc$ at a surface brightness flux level of ≈6 × 10−19$\rm erg~s^{-1}~cm^{-2}~arcsec^{-2}$), whose elongated morphology is suggestive of an extended filament connecting the quasar haloes. The new X-ray observations presented here allow us to characterise the physical properties (e.g. X-ray slope, luminosities, gas column densities) in the innermost region of the MUDF quasars. We find that both quasars are X-ray underluminous compared to objects at similar ultraviolet luminosities. Based on our X-ray spectral analysis, absorbing columns of NH(z) ≳ 1023 cm−2 appear unlikely, therefore such a weakness is possibly intrinsic. When also including literature data, we do not observe any detectable trend between the area of the nebulae and nuclear luminosities at both the rest-frame 2 keV and 2500 Å. The area is also not correlated with the X-ray photon index nor with the integrated band flux in the hard band (2–10 keV). We also do not find any trend between the extended Lyα emission of the nebulae and the nuclear X-ray luminosity. Finally, the properties of the MUDF quasars' nebulae are consistent with the observed relation between the Lyα integrated luminosity of the nebulae and their area. Our results suggest that the quasar ionization power is not a strong driver of the morphology and size of the nebulae.


Disadvantages of existing balloon expandable or self‐expanding transcatheter platforms for mitral valve‐in‐valve include the potential for malposition during deployment and for LV outflow tract obstruction Controlled mechanical valve expansion, the option to reposition, and stable hemodynamics throughout the procedure make the LOTUS valve an attractive option for mitral valve‐in‐valve Correct sizing remains a critical aspect of all trancatheter valve implant procedures, including valve‐in‐valve implants


According to the standard HB5142-1996,the fracture toughness of foundry aluminum alloy A356.0 was tested,KIC is 18.48 MPa·m1/2.By means of further observation on the fractures and analysis of energy spectrum,the factors influencing fracture toughness of the material were analysed.The results show that the fractures of foundry A356.0 have outstanding cracking features and the macro-casting defect in foundry samples has a major effect on their fracture toughness.


In August 2008, I visited some rift zones, volcanoes, and glaciers in Iceland, and was impressed with Iceland's nature and Icelandic activities for harnessing it. I would like to introduce you to some of the geological tourist attractions in Iceland.


The 9th International Symposium on Modern Acoustics was held in Nanjing,China,on May 19 -22,2012,which has been introduced in an article published in Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences),2012[1].As described previously,after peer reviewing,a part of the original papers were selected to be published in Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences),which were separated as two issues:the first has already been published in a special issue of the journal in 2012[2~19].


To investigate the cancer death's change in Nangang district of Harbin city from 1992 to 2003 and its harm to people's health and society,so as to provide scientific bases for the drawing up emphasis and strategies of controlling cancers in early 21st century. Standardized mortality rate,standardized years of potential life lost rate,average years of life lost, standardized working years of potential life lost rate and average working years of life lost were used to contrastive analysis between the former and the latter 6 years in 1992~2003.The cancer induced life lost and working life lost changed placidly. The bladder carcinoma induced life lost and working life lost in men,and those induced by bladder carcinoma,esophageal carcinoma and leukemia in women descended to the extent of maximum, but the nasopharyngeal carcinoma and esophageal carcinoma induced life lost and working life lost in men,nasopharyngeal carcinoma and cervix cancer in women ascended to the extent of maximum.[Conclusion]In the prevention and control for cancer,leukemia and esophageal carcinoma in men and cervix cancer in young women must be strengthened.


Foucault and Classical Antiquity Edited by David H. J. Larmour, Paul Allen Miller, and Charles Platter In this collection of provocative essays, historians and literary theorists assess the influence of Michel Foucault, particularly his History of Sexuality, on the study of classics. By bringing together the historical knowledge, philological skills, and theoretical perspectives of a wide range of scholars, this collection enables the reader to explore Foucault's model of Greek culture and see how well his interpretation accounts for the full range of evidence from Greece and Rome. "This volume of rich and varied essays offers a range of stimulating insights...." -Froma I. Zeitlin Paper $18.95 ISBN 0-691-01679-8 Cloth $55.00 ISBN 0-691-01680-1


The paper deals with the second campaign of the Armenian-German Artaxata Project undertaken in 2019. The classical city of Artashat-Artaxata was founded in the 2nd century BC as the capital of the Armenian kingdom. The city stretches over the 15 hills of the Khor Virap heights and the adjacent plain in the Ararat valley. The new project, started in 2018, focusses on Hill XIII and the Lower city to the south and the north of it. This area was investigated by magnetic prospections in 2018 and on the basis of its results, in total eleven 5 × 5 m trenches were excavated. On the eastern part of Hill XIII several structures of possibly domestic function were uncovered. They were laid out according to a regular plan and in total three phases could be determined. According to C14 data, the first phase already dates to the 2nd-1st centuries BC while the subsequent two phases continue into the 1st century AD. In the 2019 campaign, the overall layout and exact function of the structures could not be determined and more excavations will be undertaken in the forthcoming years. North and north-west of Hill XIII the foundations of piers of an unfinished Roman aqueduct on arches were excavated. This aqueduct is attributed to the period 114-117 AD when the emperor Trajan in vain tried to establish the Roman province of Armenia with Artaxata being its capital. The excavated aqueduct is a unique architectural structure in Armenia and adjacent regions of the Near East.


Nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) vasodilator mechanisms may contribute to the maintenance of low vascular resistance characteristic of the pulmonary circulation. Previous studies have demon strated that nitric oxide (NO) is the principal NANC neurotransmitter in guinea pig pulmonary arter ies. We examined whether NANC relaxation could be demonstrated in human pulmonary arteries, and the role of NO in this phenomenon. Fresh human pulmonary artery rings, with and without an intact endothelium, were mounted in organ baths containing Krebs' solution and precontracted with U44069 (0.3 j..lM). Adrenergic and cholinergic neurostransmitter pathways were blocked with guanethidine and atropine, respectively (10 j..lM each). In both endothelium-intact and -denuded vessels, electrical field stimulation (EFS, 1 to 10Hz, 100V) resulted in a frequency-dependent relaxation (maximal relax ation of 25 ± 4% and 15 ± 2% in endothelium-intact and -denuded vessels, respectively). Tetrodotoxin (0.3 j..lM) abolished the EFS-induced relaxatlon.t-Nv-nltro-arqinlne methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 j..lM), was used to block enzymatic synthesis of NO. In both endothelium-intact and -denuded vessels, L-NAME reduced NANC relaxation to approximately 50% of control values. This reduction was reversible with the application of L-arginine (100 j..lM). We conclude that NANC relaxation exists in human pulmo nary arteries and that it is partly mediated through NO. Scott lA, Craig I, McCormack DC. Non adrenergic noncholinerglc relaxation of human pulmonary arteries is partially mediated by nitric oxide. AM J RESPIR CRIT CARE MED 1996;154:629-32.


10601 Background: The increasing integration of somatic and germline testing into oncology practice allows physicians to target oncologic therapy and identify those with cancer predisposition. We explored the impact of a somatic assay (liquid biopsy, LB) on the identification of patients appropriate for germline genetic testing. Methods: We identified a cohort of diverse cancer patients with LB to assess for targetable somatic gene variants at LAC+USC Medical Center between 2016 and 2020 (n= 467). To enrich the cohort for variants that may reflect germline findings, we focused on the 46 patients (9.9%) who had at least one variant identified with a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fraction of 25.00% or greater. Retrospective chart review extracted demographics and medical history with variables related to cancer history and treatment. LB variants were classified based on whether germline confirmation was indicated and the results of germline tests, when done, were reviewed. Results: Table summarizes the characteristics of the 46 patients identified to have at least one variant on LB in ≤ 25% of the cfDNA. The most frequently mutated genes on LB were TP53 (n=18, 39%), KRAS (n=11, 24%), APC (n=8, 17%), BRCA2 (n=7, 15%), PIK3CA (n=6, 13.0%), and BRCA1 (n=4, 9%). Seventeen patients (40%) were referred for genetic counseling and 13 (30%) underwent germline testing of whom 10 (77%) carried pathogenic variants (PV). All germline PV were concordant with LB variants identified. Four patients with PV BRCA2 on LB and confirmed to be germline, had lung or biliary tract diagnoses, which are not part of the typical BRCA-tumor spectrum. Thirty-three patients were not referred for genetic counseling, though 24 (72%) had LB-identified variants in cancer predisposition genes and 18 (54%) merited a genetics referral. Among patients with germline mutations, three (23%) had targeted therapy and two (15%) had preventive surgery to address second primary cancer risk. Among the 467 patients with LB results, there were an additional 13 patients (not included in the enriched group) known to have a cancer predisposition gene PV. Only two (15%) had findings on LB reports that suggested germline testing would be indicated. Conclusions: While the purpose of somatic testing is to identify targeted therapy, it can provide germline insight, especially for patients not typically referred for genetic assessment. Further education and guidance is needed to assure that this aspect of somatic testing is appreciated by oncology providers and acted upon.[Table: see text]


Article history: Received November 5, 2019 Accepted December 31, 2019 Available online September 7, 2020 The aim of this study is to investigate the presence and/or multi-presence of tetracycline, penicillin G, streptomycin, and gentamicin residues in slaughtered sheep carcasses at Duhok abattoir using ELISA technique. Eighty-eight samples were collected from different sites of twenty-two sheep carcasses. These samples included Longissimus dorsi, diaphragmatic muscles, liver and kidney. The samples were prepared, homogenized, extracted and assayed according to ELISA kit instructions. The results revealed that all 22 carcasses were contained at least one type of tested antibiotics. Multiple antibiotic residues were found in 17(77.27%) of examined carcasses. The study indicated that local ovine meat sold in Duhok province generally contained residues of antibiotics. Animals slaughtered might have been treated with veterinary drugs and the proper withdrawal period was not respected before slaughtering.


Results: Accurate, selective, sensitive and precise HPTLC-densitometric and RP-HPLC methods were developed and validated for determination of oxeladin citrate in the presence of both; its hydrolytic and its N-oxide degradation products. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of oxeladin citrate either in bulk powder or in pharmaceutical formulation without interference from other dosage form additives, and the results were statistically compared with the established method. Conclusion: The proposed methods could be applied as stability-indicating methods for the determination of pure OL and in the presence of the mentioned degradation products either in bulk powder or in pharmaceutical formulations.


Being in service of the meritocratic dogma, the evaluative liturgy is by now so deep-rooted that often we cannot really appreciate how and how much the freedom of science and teaching is reduced and altered by those rituals. The new public management techniques for the 'assessment' of the research 'quality', based on a naive, childish trust in the objectivity of numbers, of numerical aims and indexes, make it impossible to discuss quality in qualitative terms. Only what can be numbered, standardized is considered scientific. What cannot be understood in these terms is considered irrelevant and so expelled from the scope of what is scientifically knowable. These way we cannot know just that qualitative nuance, that decisive «almost-nothing» which makes it incomparable, inimitable, irreplaceable, unclassifiable a person or a thing, a process or a product, an event or a phenomenon.


This paper proposes a digital PWM control technique for a segmented permanent magnet synchronous motor with multi-phase interleaved PWM inverters. A segmented motor with its segmented stator windings can be connected and excited by segmented PWM converters using multiphase interleaved PWM techniques. A phase shedding control strategy is developed for efficiency optimization when operating in light load condition. A digital PWM modulator with adjustable switching frequency and phase shift has been realized with FPGA. Analysis oriented simulation has been carried out for the loss analysis of the multiphase interleaved PWM inverter. Experimental verification has been carried out to show the improvement of the proposed digital PWM technique.


OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors that influence lumbosacral instrumentation failures following spino-pelvic fusions. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with scoliosis who underwent spinopelvic fusion via posterior, from T2 or T3 proximally to iliac crest, using pedicle and iliac screws. Instrumentation failures were analyzed, and the association of this complication with different parameters was studied. RESULTS: We present 44 patients, with an average age of 24 years, with different etiologies. The mean value of the largest preoperative major curve was 74.2°, and in the final review, it was 67%. The anterior-posterior imbalance, pelvic tilt, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and lateral imbalance were significantly improved in the final review. There were instrumentation failures in 41% cases, all at the lumbosacral level. A significant association was found between increased instrumentation failures in patients over 17 years and in patients with independent walking ability. In 24 patients, a bilateral single iliac screw was used and in 20 patients, two or more screws were used. Both groups had a similar incidence of failures. In the group with two or more screws, only rod breakages occurred, without detachment or screw lysis. There was lower instrumentation failure incidence in the patients who underwent L3-S1 interbody fusion or a third rod attached with sublaminar compression hooks. CONCLUSIONS: This series had 41% instrumentation failures, all located at lumbosacral level. There were significant more instrumentation failures in patients with independent walking ability and those aged over 17 years. There was lower instrumentation failure incidence in the patients who underwent L3-S1 interbody fusion or a third rod attached with sublaminar compression hooks.


A new vaccine to prevent human papillomavirus infection was approved in 2006 in the United States (U.S.). Uptake of the vaccine has been less than optimal (CDC, 2010c). New venues for promoting vaccine acceptance are needed (Middleman & Tung, 2010). The goal of this capstone clinical project is to create an evidence based toolkit for use by school nurses in educating female adolescents, parents, communities and other healthcare providers about the HPV vaccine. Schools nurses have daily access to young people in the target group for HPV immunization. A vital component of vaccine acceptance is education of those who are involved in making decisions for vaccine recipients (Cates et al, 2010). School nurses are in a prime position to educate due to their exposure to students and others. Students, teachers and parents value their opinions (NASN, 2010b). A Clinical Practice Model for HPV Vaccine Programming guided the development of a toolkit for school nurses to use in educating individuals and groups about the HPV vaccine. A survey was posted on a school nurse list-serve to gather recommendations for the toolkit contents. Influenced by the Health Belief Model, the toolkit was assembled to contain information in various formats to answer questions which adolescents, parents, communities and health care providers have about HPV and the vaccine. After the toolkit prototype was complete, a focus group of school nurses formatively evaluated it by examining and discussing its contents.


In a series of papers [1] we have considered the problem of finding the time-optimal path for the evolution of a quantum state and the optimal quantum operation with a driving Hamiltonian and measurements on the basis of variational principle. Before our work, Alvarez and G\'omez [2] showed that the quantum state in Grover's algorithm [3], known as the optimal quantum search algorithm [4], actually follows a geodesic curve derived from the Fubini-Study metric in tlie projective space. Khaneja et al. [5] and Zhang et al. [6], using a Cartan decomposition scheme for unitaiy operations, discussed the time optimal way to realize a two-qubit universal unitary gate under the condition that one-qubit operations cdii be performed in an arbitrarily short time. On the other hand, Tanimura et al. $[$7$]$ gave an adiabatic solution to the optimal control problem in holonomic quantum computation, in wluch a desired umitary gate is generated as the holonomy corresponding to the mininial length loop in the space of control parameters for the Hamiltonian. Schulte-Herbr\"uggen et al. [8] exploited the differential geometry of the projective unitary group to give the tightest known upper bounds on the actual time complexity of some basic modules of quantum algorithms. More recently, Nielsen [9] introduced a lower bound on the size of the quantum circuit necessary to realize a given unitaiy operator based on the geodesic distance, with a suitable metric, between the unitary and the identity operators.


The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate tumor recurrence (intrasubsegmental recurrence‐free survival and local tumor recurrence‐free survival) and hepatic functional reserve following no‐touch ablation.


Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in Brazil and the State with the highest positive rate in the country is Sergipe. Herein, we assessed data from the Brazilian Schistosomiasis Control Program (PCE) in the State of Sergipe between the period 2008 and 2017. We evaluated data about schistosomiasis and snails of the genus Biomphalaria. We used the log-linear regression model (joinpoint) to assess temporal trends and the Kernel estimator for spatial statistics analysis. According to the PCE, Sergipe has 51 endemic municipalities for schistosomiasis. Nevertheless, information about the disease and that collected by the PCE has not been recorded regularly in all endemic municipalities. Additionally, only nine municipalities (17.6%) carried out the malacological survey. The average of positive rate from schistosomiasis in Sergipe was 8.4%. However, our data suggest that it may be underestimated. The spatial analysis maps (Kernel maps) showed areas of high transmission of the disease in municipalities close to the São Francisco River and in the metropolitan region of the State. Altogether, our findings suggest that schistosomiasis has been underreported and it is still a serious public health concern in Sergipe. In addition, there are significant failures in the conduction of PCE's activities by the municipalities.
KEY WORDS: Schistosomiasis; Epidemiological monitoring; Spatial analysis; Brazil.


La Fanciulla del West is a "horse opera" resulting from the second collaboration between David Belasco and Giacomo Puccini. This work, specially composed for the American stage, which had its world premiere at New York's Metropolitan Opera in December 1910, paved the way for American composers who increasingly focused on American History in their quest for a "national" opera. For the first time, Puccini resorted to genuine Indian music, a Zuni melody, which he re-elaborated for dramatic purposes and associated with the nostalgic mood of uprooted people, the miners who left their home country for America. The Other – the native American viewed from the vantage point of the white, as well as the foreigner – no longer represented a threat, as had been the case in the operatic repertoire before, but became part and parcel of a multicultural society, like the Italian immigrant to whom Puccini also paid tribute. The Zuni melody, which opens and closes the opera, contributes to giving a genuine twist to a score which is the first one to tackle the foundations of the American nation.


The granular temperature, pressure and viscosity are three key variables that underpin the kinetic theory of granular flows while they are also playing an increasing role in other contexts such as modelling heat transfer, segregation, erosion, attrition and aggregation in various granular processing technologies. The scarcity of experimental measurements of these quantities is a significant barrier to exploitation of these theories and models. Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) is now a well-established technique for measurement of granular temperature in dense granular systems. Using a liquid-fluidized bed as a test-case, we demonstrate here that DWS can be used to obtain the granular temperature and, via kinetic theory of granular flow expressions for the granular pressure and viscosity. The determined granular temperature and pressure variation with solids fraction compares well with theoretical results of others. The analysis also shows that the granular viscosity estimates obtained from the various ki...


Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system was instigated first into eukaryotes in the last ten years are becoming productive and worldwide application for genome modification. Genome engineering through insertion of foreign DNA insert have numerous disadvantages which could be overcome by use of DNA-free genome editing. Various ways of DNA-free genome editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas systems are CRISPR/Cas delivery as ribonucleoprotein, delivery of CRISPR/Cas as virus-like particles and agrobacterium-based delivery of CRISPR/Cas. Crop improvement through DNA-free genome editing via CRISPR/Cas have been applied in rice, wheat, maize, tomato, soybean and rare species like Nicotiana benthamiana etc. It is method of choice for precise genome editing without genome shuffle in an organism.


An investigation was made of the relaxation of monomers and clusters of carbon dioxide excited in a glow discharge maintained in a condensing supersonic free jet. Measurements were made of the intensity of the output radiation emitted from the 001 vibrational level of the CO2 molecule in a band at 4.3 ?, and also of the intensity and energy of the molecular beam. It was found that the relaxation of the excited monomers as a result of their collisions with clusters occurred at a rate much higher than the rate of VT relaxation in the gaseous phase, and it increased on increase in the average size of the cluster. The clusters which have received the excitation energy directly from the discharge and indirectly from monomers were found to lose this energy with time: in ?1 msec the excitation was converted into heat and this resulted in partial evaporation of the clusters.


Objective To evaluate the applicability of the cell block technique as a complementary method for presumptive diagnosis in the analysis of cyst-like aspirates from jaw lesions prior to histopathological diagnosis. Material and Methods The sample was made up of 17 cyst-like jaw lesions. After puncture, the aspirates were centrifuged, fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin and processed. All lesions were biopsied and submitted to histopathological examination. Results In 9 cases, the cytopathological analysis using the cell block method showed a predominant presence of erythrocytes, inflammatory cells and few epithelial cells. In the other 8 cases, the cell block technique demonstrated the presence of parakeratin, whose histopathological analysis confirmed the occurrence of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs). Conclusions According to the studied cases, the cell block method was proven to be a simple, fast and low-cost technique to effectively differentiate KOTs from other lesions with similar clinical and radiographic features. The cell block technique comprises cellular preparations useful to determine a clinical diagnosis and help to develop a therapeutic plan for those lesions.


Solitude, a constant phenomenon linked to human existence, is the object of interest and of research of many experts in different scientific fields. The objective of the researches, whose results are illustrated in the article, was to highlight some selected aspects ofthe feelings of solitude of youth with motion disabilities. The means adopted in the research: the SAGS Scale and the Solitude Scale ofRasch, study the level ofsolitude felt in specific interpersonal situations. 378 students of the ages 17-18 years were interviewed. A particular attention was directed to the solitude of the youth with dysfunctional motor apparatus, generated by the lack of contact with peers and originated as a consequence to in correct relationships with significant persons, like parents, educators and teachers.


Most prior studies obtained that a congruent sponsorship leads to higher sponsor awareness. The experiment conducted here shows that a brand is better identified following an incongruent sponsorship. Moreover, when the opportunity to process the sponsorship is low, the competitors of incongruent sponsors are also harder to identify.


Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a dementia syndrome with behavioural problems and deterioration of language functions. The other cognitive domains are relatively preserved for at least the first two years of the disease. We studied the ability of patients with FTLD to understand before and after constructions expressed in Finnish. Ten patients and eight controls were presented eight sentences with different relations and asked questions to test their comprehension. The results showed that the patients generally found after constructions more difficult. The difficulty was not, however, related to normal ageing, as was shown by the performance of the control group. Merja Karjalainen, Department of Finnish, Information Studies and Logopedics, University of Oulu, Linnanmaa, FIN-90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Prevention of composite material, characterized by a high acoustic insulation but satisfying spread of the dynamic interactions in the environment, the sound or vibration in materials requires new solutions task of isolation between the source of noise and vibration and the environment. These new solutions based on the idea of partition (of two or multilayer), the cores of granular materials, characterized by both good characteristics vibroisolation, sound absorption and vibration-damping materials. Using these solutions brings positive results in the reduction of acoustic energy, vibration isolation and acoustic damping material provided that they are the correct selection. The paper presents results of experimental investigations of acoustic insulation properties, parameters, physic - mechanical properties of selected structural elements made of materials belonging to the latest generation of noise and vibration safe guards applicable in the work environment and external environment. The paper presents the methodology and results of new materials used in Cathedrals: Vibroacoustics and Mechanics and Robotics and Mechatronics AGH, which should be standard in the selection of the parameters of vibroacoustic properties of the newly proposed structural engineering. The work was carried out in a research project 4875/B/TO2/2010/38 financed by Ministry of Science and Higher Education and projectII.B.12 (2011-2013) "New material solutions in the design of layered Barriers vibroacoustic protection of machinery and equipment", which is one of the objectives of the multiannual program "Improving the safety and working conditions," coordinated by CIOP - PIB in Warsaw.


OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC-ELSD method to determine imperialine in F.wabuensis. METHODS HPLC was performed using Shim-pack ODS C_~18 (150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);Column,and acetonitrile-water-diethylamine(60∶40∶0.3) as the mobile phase,with flow rate of 1.0 ml·min~-1 .The ELSD was used as detector with evaporative temperature of 40℃ and air pressure of 1.7 bar.RESULTS Imperialine had a good linearity from 0.1086 mg·ml~-1 to 0.5430 mg·ml~-1 and the regression equation was lnC=0.7586lnA-~10.183 (r=0.9999,n=5). The contentsof imperialine in crude drugs cultivated 3,4,5 years were 9.0%,8.1% and 9.5%,respectively. The average recovery was 97.2%. CONCLUSION The method is rapid,accurate and simple.It could be used to determine imperialine directly.


Plasma plumes exist widely in the electric propulsion systems. Neutral particles, ions, and metal particles are included in the flow field. Complex collisions occur between the particles. Particles will collide with the wall surface when they move towards the wall, then some particles will reflect back, the others will react on the wall with a certain probability. Chemical reactions on the wall have a significant effect on the distribution of the particles and lead to the change of density in the flow field. The chemical reaction models on the wall are studied based on the direct simulation of Monte Carlo method (DSMC). Five types of particles including molecular hydrogen H2, atomic hydrogen H, atomic Titanium Ti, ion H2, and ion H are studied in the flow field, there are chemical reactions for these particles with a certain probability on the wall. The numerical simulation results show that the number density of molecular hydrogen H2 increases obviously, the number density of atomic hydrogen H increases slightly, and the number density of ion H decreases significantly after adding the chemical reaction models on the wall, indicating that the chemical reactions on the wall have a significant influence on the distribution of the particles in the flow field. The study in this paper provides basic data for further research on plasma plumes by the numerical simulation.


1. A simple conditioned reflex method for testing hearing in cats is described. This involves an alimentary motor reaction.

2. With the procedure and apparatus described it is possible to explore the hearing range in one month.

3. Intensity-frequency curves for two cats are given.

We wish to acknowledge with sincere thanks our indebtedness to the Research Bureau of the American Otological Society for financial assistance in this work.


Mortality of young moose calves (Alces alces gigas) was evaluated on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, during spring and early summer 1977 and 1978. Studies were conducted both inside and outside of a 461-ha browse-rehabilitated area (Willow Lake) where standing vegetation had been crushed with LeTourneau tree crushers in winter 1974-75. Uncrushed areas (control) were regrowth of vegetation that was burned by forest fire in 1947. Moose calves were radio-collared with mortality-sensor transmitters soon after birth. Black bear (Ursus americanus) predation accounted for 40-42% of the calf mortality in control areas (6 of 15 calves collared in 1977 and 10 of 24 in 1978); no calves (of 8 collared in 1978) were killed by black bears within the rehabilitated areas. Movements of 23 radio-collared black bears were also monitored during 1978 and 1979. Radio-collared bears, including 15 whose home ranges bordered or included rehabilitated areas, either did not utilize or avoided crushed sections. Results of our studies indicated that neonatal mortality of moose calves was significantly reduced within browserehabilitated areas. Int. Conf. Bear Res. and Manage. 5:40-44 Efforts to enhance moose habitat commonly stress increased abundance, production, and diversity of large woody shrubs. These factors are emphasized because browse is the only food available to moose in winter over much of their range, and winter range is classically considered a limiting factor for moose populations. Various types of browse rehabilitation programs to increase moose foods have been initiated on the Kenai National Moose Range (KNMR) since the 1950's. Starting in 1975, LeTourneau tree crushers (Oldemeyer 1977) have been used to enhance moose habitat, by mechanically crushing existing vegetation and stimulating browse regeneration. Although increased browse production was the primary objective of this program, it also resulted in reduced black bear predation of moose calves. Neonatal mortality of moose calves has been identified as an important factor affecting population dynamics of moose on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (Chatelain 1950, Franzmann et al. 1980). Although 3 major species, timber wolves (Canis lupis), brown bear (Ursus arctos), and black bear, prey on moose, black bear predation accounted for 34% of total calf mortality (58%) during 2 summers of study (Franzmann et al. 1980). This paper compares rates of predation by black bears on moose calves in an area crushed I This work was supported in part by Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project W-17-R. by LeTourneau tree crushers and in adjacent uncrushed areas. Movements of 14 radio-collared black bears whose home ranges were adjacent to or included 3 rehabilitation areas are discussed in relation to the results of the moose calf mortality study. This study was a cooperative effort between the Kenai Moose Research Center of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and the KNMR, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. V. Lofsted, L. Aumiller, and D. Johnson provided field assistance, and K. Schneider and D. McKnight reviewed the manuscript.


ABSTRACT Surface-washing agents (SWAs) are chemicals that are used to enhance oil removal from substrates. These products have been used infrequently because the incident-specific Regional Response Team (RRT) has to concur with the use of chemical agents, and there is very limited, and difficult to understand, information available on the effectiveness and effects of specific products. To address these problems, information on SWAs currently listed on the National Contingency Plan (NCP) Product Schedule was compiled, evaluated, and summarized. The following tools were developed to assist responders in evaluating appropriateness of use and selection of specific SWA products: Summaries of the mechanism of action, when to use, authority required for use, general application requirements, health and safety issues, limiting factors, and environmental concerns to assist in determining when and how to use SWAs Product-specific information needed by responders to select the most appropriate products in an easy-to...


This paper presents parallelization strategies of a tabu search algorithm for the task scheduling problem on heterogeneous processors under task precedence constraints. Par-allelization relies exclusively on the decomposition of the solution space exploration. Four diierent parallel strategies are proposed and implemented on an asynchronous parallel machine under PVM: the master-slave model, with two diierent schemes for improved load balancing, and the single-program-multiple-data model, with single-token and multiple-token message passing schemes. The comparative analysis of these distinct versions shows that the tabu search approach for this problem is so ideally adapted to the parallelization of the neighborhood search, that eeciency values are almost always close to one for problems over a certain size.


The competition between enterprises relies on their strength,while the ir strength de-pends on their products,and the competition of their products is decided by famous brands.This paper starts with the investigation and analysis to the existing problems when enterprises carry out their Famous Brand Strateg y.Those ever existing contents and means of publicity have been adjust-ed in t he paper,vesting peculiar enterprise culture and humanism feelings in brands,a nd it also makes a valuable inquiry into the related brand establishment of Jin hua Neoplan Bus from the as-pect of enterprise culture.


The consciousness and format of farmers' political participation have been greatly improved and varied after villager autonomy policy was implemented in the vast countryside. The activity of farmers' political participation attributes a lot to the stability of grass root politic. This paper discusses connotation and history of farmers' political participation in the past and probes into the factors, function and countermeasures of modern Chinese farmers' political participation by analyzing the formats of farmers' political participation, specially the election system.


The Construction industry has had a relatively low increase in the efficiency rates over the recent years. Two developments of Lean construction and Building Information Modelling(BIM) have been in ...


Chronic hyperglycemia promotes oxidative stress and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, leading to recognition by the AGE receptor (RAGE). AGE-RAGE binding and inflammation perpetuates diabetic complications, however the study of these phenomenon present inherent challenges in vivo. Therefore, our purpose was to evaluate the effects of acute experimental hyperglycemia on AGEs, oxidative markers, and RAGE expression in healthy, obese subjects (n=10; 31.2±1.2 kg/m2; 56±3 y) subjected to hyperglycemic clamps (+5.4 mM above basal). Plasma was assayed at baseline, 2, and 24 h post glucose-infusion for well-known AGE-free adducts (CML, CEL, G-H1, MG-H1, 3DG-H) and oxidative markers (MethSO, AAA) via LC-MS/MS as well as soluble RAGE (sRAGE) isoforms via ELISA. Urine was also assayed (basal and 24 h) for AGEs and oxidative markers (normalized to creatinine) and skeletal muscle biopsies were used to study RAGE expression via Western blot. Most circulating factors (MethSO, AAA, CEL, MG-H1, and G-H1) decreased (p 0.05). In urine, only MethSO was seen to increase at 24 h (p 0.05). In skeletal muscle tissue, there was a trend (p Disclosure R. Perkins: None. E.R. Miranda: None. K. Karstoft: None. P.J. Beisswenger: Employee; Self; PreventAGE Health Care, LLC.. T.P. Solomon: None. J.M. Haus: None.


Plasma membranes are highly dynamic structures, with key molecular interactions underlying their functionality occurring at nanometre scales. A fundamental challenge in biology is to observe these interactions in living cells. Although fluorescence microscopy has enabled advances in characterizing molecular distributions in cells, optical techniques are restricted by the diffraction limit. We address this limitation with an approach based on zero-mode waveguides (ZMWs), which are optical nanostructures that confine fluorescence excitation to sub-diffraction volumes. Successful use of ZMWs with cell membranes is reported in this paper. We demonstrate that plasma membranes from live cells penetrate these nanostructures. Cellular exploration of the nanoapertures depends heavily on actin filaments but not on microtubules. Thus, membranes enter the confined excitation volume, and diffusion of individual fluorescent lipids can be monitored. Through fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we compared DiIC12 and DiIC16 fluorescent labels incorporated into plasma membranes and found distinctive diffusion behaviours. These results show that the use of optical nanostructures enables the measurement of membrane events with single molecule resolution in sub-diffraction volumes.


This work deals with the use of a selective membrane separation process, namely pervaporation, as an on-line enrichment technique during sampling for analysis by so called "electronic noses" based on metal oxide sensors. It is how below how pervaporation permits enhancing considerably the performance of these sensors, while maintaining the analysis time short and sampling handling automated.


The cadmium(Ⅱ)glycinamide system was modeled and its stability constants were calculated by a unified mathematical treatment for experimental data obtained from ion selective electrode (ISE) and differential pulse polarography (DPP). It has been shown that very much the same experimental complex formation curve (ECFC) and theoretical complex formation curve (TCFC) could be given from both experimental techniques for the same experimental conditions, such as the same total ligand c(LT) and metal ion c(MT) concentrations. The combination of the two techniques is of many advantages as ISE can be performed at low a c(LT):c(MT) ratio and significantly higher c(MT), whereas DPP could be used well at larger the c(LT):c(MT) ratio and very low c(MT). This makes it possible to study a metal-ligand system in much broader range of experimental conditions that, in turn, provides us more data and information about the metal-ligand system of interest. Application of the unified mathematical treatment to the cadmium-glycinamide system in this paper, three new complexes MHL, ML3 and ML3(OH) as well as two complexes ML and ML2, reported in literatures, could be modeled and all their stability constants have been refined.


Summary Complement mediated bactericidal activity of sera produces cellular death and disruption of Neisseria meningitidis organisms. This has permitted development of a test measuring release of radioactivity from 14C-labeled organisms exposed to the bactericidal effects of immune rabbit serum and complement. The percentage of radioactivity released from 14C-labeled meningococci by the action of specific bactericidal rabbit antibody and complement was 45%, while normal rabbit sera control released only 8% of the radioactivity. The overall correlation between this new test and the standard meningococcal bactericidal test is excellent. Results are obtainable with excellent reproducibility within 1 hr. The need for plating and colony counting is eliminated and the sources of error are small. We gratefully acknowledge the help of Malcolm S. Arnstein, M.D., Jeffrey L. Winkelhake, M.S., and Wendell D. Zollinger, Ph.D. in the preparation of this manuscript. Able technical assistance was provided by Carrie L. Calhoun, SP5.


Two unified models of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) are analysed, namely the Generalized Chaplygin Gas and the Modified Chaplygin Gas models. We study the qualitative behaviour of gravitational perturbations in both models, analysing their dynamical systems which describe the linear density perturbations, and graphically show the wavenumber, or k-dependence of the solutions. Finally we compare the two models and try to conclude which of them is close to available observations.


This article is devoted to the actual date on the issue of the genre of literary analysis of contemporary fiction. The researcher's attention is concentrated on the analysis of structural and semantic elements inherent in a narrative. The actualization of latter reveals new meanings in the modern novels. The object of the study are presented experimental work of L. Petrushevskaya.


The voice-activated motorized remote control device relates to a motorized remote control, for consumer electronics, with wheels that will drive itself over to an end-user in response to the sound of his or her voice. The voice-activated motorized remote control device will also feature a beeping noise during normal operation and also a high pitched beeping noise that will alert the user if the device has become stuck against an object. The voice-activated motorized remote control device comprises a plurality of wheels; a remote control; a plurality of axles; a microphone; a speaker, a central processing unit with a voice recognition system, and a drive motor.


Organic fertilizers manufacture has currently taken a greatimportance due to the need to add organic matter to improvesoil conditions, and inorganic nutrient sources for plants.The quality of the AO F is measured by different variables:chemical composition, enzymatic activity, mineralizationand humus-making processes, and microbial populations,among others; the preparation shows oxic and anoxic environmentswith different moisture percentage, pH and temperature,which means that microbial populations correspondto these environments as well as to the raw materials (fromboth organic and inorganic origin) included in the process.Consequently, new molecules are produced by these materials´ fermentation. These environments get altered due tothe turn-overs needed to homogenize the material so theabiotic conditions for the populations change. These populationswere measured in the nucleus and the crust, in threedifferent strata.The quantification of nitrogen-fixers microorganisms (MFN),phosphorus solvent (SPS) and sulfate reducer (MSR), bothduring and at the end of the process, allowed to determinethat MFN show the highest populations while the other populationsevaluated are not relevant.


Objective To explore the feature and clinical significance of T lymphocyte subset in patient with hematologic malignancy.Methods The peripheral blood T lymphocyte subset of 120 cases of patients with hematologic malignancy(acute leukemia,chronic leukemia,lymphoma,multiple myeloma)and 40 cases of normal people was detected by flow cytometry respectively,the difference between each group was analyzed.Results CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4 +/CD8 +,CD3 +CD16 +CD56 + T lymphocyte cell in hematologic malignancy group was lower than that in control group respectively,CD8 +T lymphocyte cell in hematologic malignancy group was higher than that in control group,with statistical difference(P0.05).CD3 +,CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +,CD3 +CD16 +CD56 +T lymphocyte cell in AL group,CL group,LM group and MM group was lower than that in control group respectively,CD8 +T lymphocyte cell in AL group,CL group,LM group and MM group was higher than that in control group respectively,with statistical difference(P0.05).Conclusion The imbalanced immunity function of patients with hematologic malignancy leads to decreased organism immunity,weakens the ability of resisting tumor.The detection of T lymphocyte cell subset can provide evidence for diagnosis,treatment and prognosis judgment for hematologic malignancy.


Objective: To observe and evaluate the therapeutic effect of integrative treatment for normal tension glaucoma(NTG).Methods: 78 eyes of 42 cases with NTG received integrative treatment.To study the contrast between earlier and later eyesight、visual field damage and intraocular pressure(IOP),and inspect PSV、EDV and RI of ophthalmic artery(OA) and central retinal artery(CRA),and contrast it with the value after treatment.Results: After 4 weeks' integrative treatment of reducing IOP、distending blood vessel and protecting optic nerve,the eyesight of the patients was obviously increased,and IOP was decreasing and visual field damage was meliorated.And the PSV and EDV of OA and CRA were elevated,but RI of OA and CRA were decreasing.Through the statistical test,those data were all obviously different from those data before treatment(P 0.05).Conclusions: Integrative treatment is safe and effective for NTG.It can meliorate the patients' clinical symptoms and increase the hemal purvey of eyes and stop decline in eyesight.


There is a gap between our ability to reuse high-level concepts in software design and our ability to reuse the code implementing them. Language Oriented Programming (LOP) is a software development paradigm that aims to close this gap, through extensive use of Domain Specific Languages (DSLs). With LOP, the high-level reusable concepts become reusable DSL constructs, and their translation into code level concepts is done in the DSL implementation. Particular products are implemented using DSL code, thus reusing only high-level concepts. In this paper we provide a comparison between two implementation approaches for LOP: (a) using external DSLs with a projectional language workbench (MPS); and (b) using internal DSLs with an LOP language (Cedalion). To demonstrate how reuse is achieved in each approach, we present a small case study, where LOP is used to build a Software Product Line (SPL) of calculator software.


A review of English knowledge of Spanish literature regarding the Moriscos and Granada beginning in the sixteenth century and its evident revival in the eighteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries. An analysis of the translations of certain books and the influence of authors like Perez de Hita and the old frontier romances, and the culmination of these influences in authors like Walter Scott and Washington Irving.


A REVIEW of the literature reveals a surprisingly low incidence of solitary cysts of the os calcis. The most recent report is that of Copelman et al.1 Only 12 cases are recorded in the literature; ...


The decision-maker (engineer, physicist, chemist, economist, etc.) frequently wants to find the best combination of a set of parameters (geometrical sizes, electrical and strength characteristics, etc.) describing a particular optimization model which provides the optimum (minimum or maximum) of a suitable objective function. Black-box multiextremal continuous problems with Lipschitz objective functions and functions having the first Lipschitz derivatives over hyperintervals are taken into consideration. The problem under study is comprehensively described and illustrated in this Chapter where different approaches for its solution are also surveyed.


This article discusses the issues of operating data in national and European Rail Traffic Control systems, i.e. in the ERTMS / ETCS and SRK systems. The article presents the possibilities and limitations of ERTMS systems. General principles of system implementation are also given, as well as specific functional levels of the Rail Traffic Control System are presented. The article describes and presents operational data related directly to the railway systems, which are based on the standard described in document E-1758. The article draws attention to the complexity of Rail Traffic Control processes, as well as the fact that it is necessary to modernize solutions that in the coming years will be a real challenge for the railway industry..


This study aims to examine the effect of Corporate Governance Effect on Sustainability Report Disclosure Report. This sample of 30 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013 with purposive sampling technique. The data was analized with multiple linear regression. The result of the research stated that the average of attendance level of board of commissioners, board of directors and audit committee in the meeting did not affect the disclosure of sustainability report. Keyword: Corporate Governance, Sustainability Report


In this paper we discussed about the stability nature of the biological system containing two species commensal and the host where as the host species is being harvested at a constant rate. This model is developed by a couple of first order non-linear differential equations. The behavior of this biological system is observed based on the equilibrium points, threshold regions and threshold diagrams by taking existed values of the equilibrium points to the parameters in the dynamic model equations.


The Junior Museum, through a program of school talks, clubs, laboratory sessions, scout work, field trips, loan exhibits, and individual assistance, can bring geological information to a great many of our future citizens. The co-operation of geology teachers is necessary to the fulfillment of this program.


ZnSe is a semiconductor with a direct band gap of 2.68 eV at room temperature, which makes it one of the most important materials for blue electroluminescent devices and short wavelength laser diodes. In this communication, heteroepitaxial growth of ZnSe on a GaAs/Si substrate by low‐pressure organometallic chemical vapor deposition is reported. The ZnSe/GaAs/Si epilayer exhibits a uniform surface morphology. Strong photoluminescence near‐band‐edge emission was observed. The thickness of the GaAs buffer layer seems to be an important factor in the energy shift of the photoluminescence peak.


The objective of the research paper is to critically analyze macroeconomic performances in India with reference to skill India, start-up India and other international trends. The authors do a theoretical study of information available on this subject and analyses the data present to be able to identify what impact these policies have made on the Indian economy and their effect on the economic trends. The authors have also analyzed how the trade war between the USA and China affects entrepreneurship and international trade in India as India is a large consumer of both products from the USA and China. The paper also analyses the performance of the policies on the ground level, by use of interviews with the public and interviews with educated dignitaries to gain a perspective. The trade war will not bring as many benefits as it is expected mainly because the Chinese manufacturers can dump their products in India leaving Indian manufacturers on the back foot. In addition, the lower rupee value does not necessarily help in the increase of exports.


Base erosion and profit shifting is generally defined as tax strategies that serve to exploit gaps or inconsistencies in global tax systems that allow an enterprise to shift profits to lower tax jurisdictions. This can be accomplished by either shifting income to lower tax jurisdiction or shifting deductible expenses to higher tax jurisdictions. Historically, these shifting strategies have been handled on a country by country basis with no centralized framework. In 2015 the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development proposed modifications through its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting project that if adopted by the member countries, would reverse the adverse impact to the global tax system caused by shifting profits and assets among members of controlled groups. By reviewing the major tax shifting strategies as well as the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development proposals to curb any perceived abuses, this research will serve to fill a gap in the literature surrounding Base Erosion and Profit Shifting strategies. The conclusions and recommendations reached in the paper are generalizable and appropriate for use in developing best practice solutions.


This paper establishes an evaluation system of equipment manufacturing's development performance from four aspects of economic performance,technology effect,scientific management and energy conservation and environmental protection.It makes an empirical analysis of the comprehensive development performance of 7 industries in Chinese equipment manufacturing from 2003 to 2010.The research results show that the communication equipment industry,computer industry and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry ranks first in China's equipment manufacturing industry;low concentration,environmental pollution and other issues exist in general equipment manufacturing industry;instrumentation and culture industry,and office machinery manufacturing appear contrary to the general equipment manufacturing industry in performance on the indicators of scientific management,energy saving and environmental protection,and the industry of fabricated metal products is backward as a whole.


The purpose of this study is to investigate Seonyudo Park and Kkummaru in terms of haptic space. This is an attempt to escape from the limits of optical space that identifies the space with abstract concepts. Haptic perception of the space refers to feeling the space with all the senses through non-hierarchical interactions. Time of the haptic space is revealed by Deleuze's crystalline description and Bergson's pure recollection that is not useful to identify objects. According to two concepts, the running present forks into the past and the future, and the nature of time appears at the point of indiscernibility in which the past, present, and future coexist. Thought on time about the architecture provides a valid point of view to understand the relationship of visitor's sensory experience of space, recollection, and emotion. In this respect, it can be said that Joh sung-yong's two works explored for new areas of architectural experience by building up the potential image of the subject which is placed in the human memory. And then this study shows that two works recover the relationship between the past and the present so that they give an opportunity to consider the meaning of time in the architecture.


Damage identification is a key factor in many engineering fields, especially in those where the safety of people is involved, as aeronautics. Many damage detection techniques require a baseline of the intact structure to evaluate the presence of the defect. The Gapped Smoothing Method (GSM) has already been investigated as a possible way to overcome this limitation. However it has been applied to simple structures as cantilever beams and plates, which are not commonly used in the aeronautical field. In the present paper a damage detection technique based on the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is presented. The application of the GSM to the curvature of the modes shows the capability of detecting the damage in simple structures, while in the case of a more complex structure as a stiffened panel more manipulation of the damage indices were required in order to overcome the sharp variation on the curvature caused by the stiffener. Different positions and types of damage were investigated


The Croatian coastal region consists of a great number of flysch layers. This type of soft rock is often used for the construction of embankments. Once the rock has been excavated its physical properties start to change due to weathering processes. This phenomenon causes serious damage to the embankments with the development of vertical deformation of 10 % during 15 years. The problem can be solved by treating the marl in the flysch layers as soil after excavation. If it is exposed for some time to weathering or if it is treated by some wetting-drying processes, the result will be soil (clay or silt) material. The paper presents the results of laboratory investigations (tests) of physical-mechanical parameters of some sections of the flysch layers which have been artificially weathered. They are treated like a soil material. These parameters can then be used to design the slope stability and to predict the settlement of the flysch layers for which this process is significant. As illustrated in this paper, only these, weather sensitive flysch layers, can be treated in this way.


Case: A 29-year-old man with mild hemophilia A and Ollier disease presented with bilateral atraumatic forearm pseudotumors. Both forearm pseudotumors were successfully treated surgically with staged radical extirpation and factor VIII replacement therapy. Conclusion: Pseudotumors typically occur in adolescents with severe, poorly controlled hemophilia A. The development of factor VIII replacement therapy has progressively reduced the incidence of pseudotumors in patients in the developed world. No standardized therapy exists for pseudotumors that continue to bleed into the muscles despite nonoperative measures. Persistent masses require surgical removal with careful preoperative planning and a team approach.


Large component disassembly is complex tasks, the collision during the operation process often cause component damage and deform, even bring safe accident and result in significant loss. This paper proposes to use Meso-dimential oriented physical simulation strategy to research the collision effect simulation and damage surface visualization of large component during disassembly operation. Meso-collide behavior of multi-particles is adapted to simulate the macro-collision of large component. The method has important significance for expanding the mechanical simulation theory and solving the complex practical engineering problem.


The distribution of calcium between blood and cerebrospinal fluid was investigated in 400 cases of mental disorder. Five hundred and twenty-three determinations of the ratio of blood to spinal fluid calcium were made. In addition, 480 determinations of the distribution ratio of bromide and 347 determinations of the protein content of the cerebrospinal fluid were performed on parts of the same specimens that were used for the calcium determinations. In the schizophrenic group 29 per cent of the calcium ratios were above 2.2 and 3 per cent were below 1.8. In neurosyphilis 8 per cent of the calcium ratios were above 2.2 and 12.5 per cent were below 1.8. Low ratios occurred with greatest frequency in untreated patients with general paresis. The other groups showed a smaller proportion of abnormal results without any striking preponderance of increased or decreased values. The results were suggestive of a tendency towards decreased permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in schizophrenia and incr...


Abstract (4′R)- and (4′S)-Spiro(oxirane-2,4′-5α-cholestan-3′β-ol) (1) and (2) were made from (4′R)- and (4′S)-spiro(oxirane-2,4′-5α-cholestan-3-one) (8) and (9). Alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation of 4-methylene-5α-cholestan-3-one (7) gave compounds (8) and (9) as a readily separable (1:1) mixture. Reduction of (9) to (2) provided access to a compound which could not be made by other methods.


From Algeria to Ravensbruck, from ethnology to Resistance and to the war in Algeria, Germaine Tillion always remained faithful to her ideas and to a certain vision of knowledge and political involvement : acting with others, refusing ideological blindness, expecting nothing from the powers that be.


There are many practical applications that involve the lateral impact problem on the beam with discontinuities. This paper focuses on the identification method for the lateral impact force history of the beam with discontinuities, which belongs to the inverse problem. A new method to detect the lateral impact force on the beam with discontinuities is developed. We use Green's functions to get the convolution relation between two kinds of impact forces and responses. A singular matrix equation for solving impact-force is obtained finally. The singular value dissolved method is employed to search for the lateral impact force. The simulation test is used to proof the validity of identification method developed. The modifiable Timoshenko beam equation is used to model response on the beam with discontinuities by impact-force. The method of characteristics is used for numerical solution of Timoshenko beam equations. A computer program for both forward and inverse problems is developed. A discontinuities beam model with clamped and free boundary condition is used to verify above method. The lateral impact force is identified. The very satisfactory agreement between the known and identified force histories shows that the identified method developed in this paper is reliable for impact force determination purposes. The force history by response with noise is detected and good results of identified impact force are obtained.


A numerical model of the transient behavior of rotary lip seals has been developed. It includes a fluid mechanics analysis of the lubricating film, an elastic deformation analysis of the lip, and predicts the lip seal state at every instant of time during a transient in shaft speed. The lip seal state includes such quantities as the lubricating film thickness distribution, pressure distribution, location of cavitation regions, location of the meniscus, and volumetric flow rate of fluid through the lubricating film. When applied to a successful lip seal design, the model predicts that the lubricating film will be formed very rapidly during startup and will be maintained until the very end of the transient during shutdown, thereby minimizing wear of the lip.


A macrocyclic compound 1 with two butadiyne and four dodecyloxy-substituted benzamide moieties was successfully synthesized, and its ring structure was confirmed by the MALDI-TOF mass spectra and the 1H NMR spectra. Compound 1 showed two modifications depending on solvent for the solidification. Characteristic excitonic absorption bands of polydiacetylene were observed at around 500 nm for one of the modifications after UV irradiation. Quantitative conversion of butadiyne moieties to the corresponding polydiacetylene structure was confirmed by the Raman spectra.


Jurkat T leukemic cells respond to Etoposide, antineoplastic agent which targets the DNA unwinding enzyme, Topoisomerase II, and TNF‐Related‐Apoptosis‐Inducing‐Ligand (TRAIL), 34 kDa transmembrane protein, which displays minimal or no toxicity on normal cells and tissues, not only disclosing the occurrence of apoptosis but also a kind of resistance. A similar rate of viability upon the exposure to these two drugs up to 24 h has been evidenced, followed by the occurrence of a rescue process against TRAIL, not performed against Etoposide, along with an higher number of dead cells upon Etoposide exposure, in comparison with TRAIL treatment. These preliminary results let us to speculate on the possible involvement of PI‐3‐kinase in TRAIL resistance disclosed by surviving cells (20%), may be phosphorylating Akt‐1 and, in parallel, IκB α on both serine and tyrosine residues. On the other hand, in Etoposide Jurkat exposed cells Ser 32‐36 phosphorylation of IκB α is not sufficient to overbalance the apoptotic fate of the cells, since Bax increase, IAP decrease, and caspase‐3 activation determine the persistence of the apoptotic state along with the occurrence of cell death by necrosis. Thus, the existence of a balance between apoptotic and rescue response in 20% of cells surviving to TRAIL suggests the possibility of pushing it in favor of cell death in order to improve the yield of pharmacological strategies. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


To support high data rate urgent or ad hoc communications, we consider mmWave UAV cellular networks and the associated challenges and solutions. To enable fast beamforming training and tracking, we first investigate a hierarchical structure of beamforming codebooks and design of hierarchical codebooks with different beam widths via sub-array techniques. We next examine the Doppler effect as a result of UAV movement and find that the Doppler effect may not be catastrophic when high gain directional transmission is used. We further explore the use of mmWave spatial-division multiple access and demonstrate its clear advantage in improving the cellular network capacity. We also explore different ways of dealing with signal blockage and point out that possible adaptive UAV cruising algorithms would be necessary to counteract signal blockage. Finally, we identify a close relationship between UAV positioning and directional mmWave user discovery, where update of the former may directly impact the latter and vice versa.


This study developed and employed a multi-country dynamic framework of real interest rate parity (RIP) to examine dynamic behavior of capital mobility among countries. It investigated and compared the evidences for the validity of the RIP in the short run and in the long run by using the approach of Vector Autoregression (VAR). Using monthly nominal Euro currency deposit rates for the U.S. and five OECD countries from 1991 to 2000, this work shaved that the evidence against the short run RIP was overwhelming in all 6 countries. More interestingly, however, this work also found significant evidence for the long run RIP. This empirical evidence is supportive of the hypothesis that real interest rates across countries are equalized in the long run despite the short run violations. This finding is consistent with the prediction of theories if international capital market models with risk premium and sticky prices. The work is expected to contribute to better understanding and providing further evidence of capital mobility and financial market integration in OECD countries.


With the increase of high-speed railway speed and traction power, bouncing separation between pantograph and catenary, and arcs are frequent. The high temperature and high energy of the pantograph arc has become a key factor threatening the safety of the system. In this paper, a combination of experiment and simulation was used to establish a pantograph arc ablation model, and the pantograph arc behavior was regulated by means of an external magnetic field. The study found that the arc produces directional movement under the action of the Lorentz force of the magnetic field, and disperses the energy, which can effectively reduce the ablation of the catenary wire. At the same time, as the strength of the magnetic field increased, the arc motion behavior accelerated, and the degree of electrode erosion was further dispersed. Finally, from the perspective of arc root transfer, the reason for arc energy dispersion was explained. The results of the study provide a reference basis for preventing catenary wire disconnection.


Pollution arising from anthropogenic activities is a common phenomenon. Soil samples collected from three abattoirs in Port Harcourt (Agip, Iwofe, and Mile III) between the months of January to July. The samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters after following laboratory procedures, using the appropriate probes. It was observed that the pH of the soils was acidic, ranging from 4.59 ± 0.03–4.99 ± 0.14, electrical conductivity ranged from 208.00 ± 11.21- 404.34 ± 7.18 μS/cm, temperature from 33.14 ± 1.29 -35.04 ± 0.96°C while salinity had a range of 27.531.91-58.65 ± 2.25. The textural class was sandy-clay-loam, implying that the soil contains sand in a higher proportion. Total moisture content was within the range of 16.66 ± 1.73 -21.07 ± 2.05 %, chloride content ranged from 17.10 ± 1.61-31.75 ± 2.00 % whereas total nitrogen and nitrogen based parameters were generally very low in concentration in the soil. Extractable phosphorus content in the soil ranged from 0.66 ± 0.03-1.34 ± 0.33 %, total organic carbon ranged from 12.81 ± 0.15- 16.41 ± 0.49 %, and total organic matter ranged from 22.33 ± 0.86-29.58 ± 0.72 mg/Kg. Total hydrocarbon content ranged between 11.85 ± 0.48 and 27.12 ± 0.48 mg/Kg. The observed result indicated that human activities within the abattoir have influenced the physicochemical speciation of the abattoirs. The high content of the organic components of the abattoir can serve as useful manure for cultivation of plants. However, constant check on the activities at the abattoirs should be put in place to avoid pollution of the environment.


Extensive research activities in recent years have focused on developing dielectrics, such as Al2O3 and HfO2, on nIn0.53Ga0.47As for metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) with high-mobility III-V semiconductor channels. In0.53Ga0.47As has a low electron effective mass, high saturation velocity, low intervalley scattering and is lattice-matched to InP. One of the most serious challenges for III-V channel MOSFETs is the inherently large density of traps (Dit) at interfaces with III-V semiconductors. The interface state density distribution in the band gap depends largely on the specific III-V semiconductor. For example, the Dit of dielectric/n-In0.53Ga0.47As interfaces is sufficiently low to achieve significant band bending (Fermi level movement) in the upper half of the semiconductor band gap under an applied voltage. This presentation will discuss two topics: (i) characterization of interface trap state densities at high-k/III-V interfaces, and (ii) development of deposition routes capable of scaled high-k/III-V interfaces with an equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of below 1 nm, with low Dit and an unpinned Fermi level.


SUMMARY (1) Survival rates of Great Tits were studied using data collected in Wytham Wood, Oxfordshire. The breeding population was split into four groups by sex and status (born in nestboxes = residents, not known to be born in nestboxes = immigrants). Survival rates were only measured for breeding adults, the large majority of which were 1 year old when first found breeding. (2) Survival rates were estimated using a recent modification of Cormack's (1964) method. Relationships between these estimates and several environmental variables were investigated. (3) The comparison of two different estimates of capture rate showed that some birds seem to miss 1 year of breeding in nestboxes more often than others; these are more likely to be immigrants. (4) Age, sex, and immigration status of the birds have a strong influence on the survival rate. (5) Male survival rate is negatively related to the density of blue tits, while that of females is not. We suggested that this may be related to the cost of defending a territory. (6) Female survival rate is negatively related to the beech crop production of the previous year (BCC). BCC is probably an indirect measure of the number of resident males, so that the relationship reflects competition between males and females. (7) Survival rates of immigrant males and resident females are affected by different variables from those affecting resident males and immigrant females. Although it is difficult to explain these differences satisfactorily, they may be related to sex differences in dispersal behaviour. (8) The survival rates of the four groups seem to differ irrespective of the age of the birds. In any year females may survive better or worse than males and independently immigrants may survive better or worse than residents. These differences in survival between the four groups are not consistent in direction, although sometimes strongly significant.


The study of the arc flash is a part of safety health elements that generally aim to provide protection and control of potential hazards in the workplace. Arc flash analysis is generally carried out on a regular basis to determine the minimum level of personal protective equipment (PPE) that workers should use when performing work on electrical equipment in energized conditions. So with the application of this study in addition to the safety aspect, also plays a role in increasing the productivity of workers and companies in general. To that end, it states that "an arc flash rating must be performed to be able to determine whether or not there is an arc flash hazard. In case of an arc flash hazard, a hazard risk assessment should be determined: (a) appropriate safety for the performance of the work (b) arc flash boundary (c) self-protective equipment (PPE) used in arc flash boundary ". So the purpose of this analysis to be able to determine the potential incident energy value exists during the occurrence of arc flash events and the duration of the occurrence of energy arc flash. Furthermore, based on the category of flash energy boundary can be identified flash protection boundary to determine Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) based on NFPA 70E that can minimize and avoid workers and the existing equipment on the impact of the occurrence of arc flash


This case study includes introductory notes on the landshut's bavarian city urban development building history and its geographical context as well as a survey of conservation and rehabilitation problems and their management economic function of the historic centre, motorized traffic and parking areas, redevelopment of riused industrial plants, maintenance of historic street scape, pavement design of the urban environment funding). Selected bibliography.


The properties of amylase from Monascus purpureus was primarily studied through determination of amylase activity.The result showed: maximum secretion of amylase was 4-7 days of cultivation,optimum reaction temperature of amylase was 55℃-65℃ with better thermal stability at 45℃-70℃,optimum pH was 5.0-6.0 with better stability at pH 4.0-7.0.The activity of amylase could be inhibited by 0.5% Pb(NO3)2 and CuSO4 solution,and activated by 0.5% MgSO4,CaCl2 and NaCl solution.


Abstract
The problem in this study is that the performance of the Regional Secretariat of Simeulue Regency is still not optimal, this is motivated by the not yet maximal application of the Job Promotion variable while the Work Spirit and Competence variables are considered to have been running well as a State Civil Apparatus. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of work morale, position promotion and competence on the performance of ASN at the Regional Secretariat of Simeulue Regency either simultaneously or partially. The research method used is a quantitative survey research method with a population of 87 people, namely all employees both in positions and at the staff level. The type of data or information used is primary data with data collection techniques through questionnaires and literature studies. The data analysis technique was carried out using a data analysis approach of validity, reliability and classical assumption test, then multiple linear regression analysis, determination test, simultaneous test and partial test were carried out. The findings from the results of this study simultaneously the variables of Work Morale, Position Promotion and Competence have a positive effect on improving performance. while partially, only two independent variables have a positive effect, namely the work spirit variable and the competence variable, while the job promotion variable has no positive effect on performance, this is influenced by other indicators outside the analysis of this study.


Weber named as the ideal type promoted by the clerical elites and the grass roots, everyday religious and devotional lives of the laity. That tension is beautifully articulated by the deeply moving testimonies of the people Sciorra interviewed demonstrating that "the people in the pews" are sophisticated in their beliefs and devotional practices and are capable of thinking for themselves when it comes to matters of Catholic dogma and doctrine. In this regard, Built With Faith is contemporary ethnography at its best. This is a book that any university or school library should have in its collection. Despite its hefty price, it would be an ideal text for college level course on folklore, anthropology or sociology of religion, Italian and Italian American Studies, Cultural Studies, Religious Studies, and Catholic Studies. Sciorra's book will also be of interest to cultural centers, public libraries, and museums that seek to enrich their already existing collections of books focused on ethnic studies, Italian folklife, and vernacular Catholicism and/or religion. Reading this book was an enriching educational experience. Sciorra demonstrates a special appreciation and sensitivity for an Italian American aesthetic sensibility that is often dismissed by some as superficial and gaudy. Built with Faith is well written and invites the reader to enter into a learning experience that is not only intellectual but also emotionally engaging, most especially because Sciorra accomplishes in his book what every good ethnographer hopes to do: invite his or her readers into the lifeworlds of those he or she studies but to also locate himor herself in the narrative. Sciorra had done both with art, grace, and intellectual acuity.


This paper takes Goukou Village, Yuangyang County of Yunnan Province for example to illustrate the underlying causes, speed and tendencies of the changes of the Hani women's roles. It maintains that in the long process of agricultural society, the Hani women's roles have changed several times, under which are very profound historical causes. Matriarchy giving way to patriarchy is a fundamental cause behind the change of the women's roles. More specifically speaking, multiple factors --such as the development of productivity, the influence of non-local culture and modernity, social systems and policies, cultural systems and values--jointly contribute to such changes.


The recurrent phenomenon of flooding poses a big threat to the survival of Nigeria in many ways. The battle against flood heightens the already existing issues of abject poverty, scraggy economy, political instability and many of such maladies in which a third world country like Nigeria is enmeshed. Embedded in this carefully researched paper are the issues relating to ethnography of flooding in Nigeria, with focus on Ibadan as a case study. Ibadan occupies a unique place in the history of flooding in Nigeria. While flooding has attracted a lot of academic and non-academic works from various scholars, very little detailed ethnographic studies actually exist in the humanities and social sciences in the interface of flooding and the human-physic agencies. This article thus filled existing lacunae in knowledge about the socio-cultural and technical aspects of flooding in Ibadan. The article was anchored on ecological and social action theories. The methodology adopted was qualitative based on in-depth Interviews (IDIs), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), visual display and client-centred therapy. A total of 25 IDIs and 9 KIIs conducted in a varied manner to ensure reliability of findings. Finally, based on the outcome of the study, valid and reliable conclusions were reached and presented in a logical manner.


(1) Laboratory for Internet Software Technology, Institute of Software, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (2) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (3) Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing 401147, China


BACKGROUND/AIM
Conventional (tubular or villous) adenomas, and the more recently described serrated adenomas, are non-invasive neoplasias that precede colon carcinomas in carcinogen-treated rats. In contrast, the histological steps antedating carcinomas in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in rats, i.e. the third pathway of colonic carcinogenesis, remain unidentified. Aim of the study was to investigate the histological changes preceding colonic GALT carcinomas in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Archived sections from previous experiments showing GALT mucosal domains in 292 rats were re-evaluated: 276 were injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) suspended in ethylenedia-minetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), and 16 were controls (8 EDTA-treated, and 8 untreated).

RESULTS
A total of 402 colonic GALT mucosal domains were found in the 292 rats: 382 in 276 DMH-treated, 10 in eight EDTA-treated, and 10 in eight-untreated rats. In DMH-treated rats, corrupted crypts (CCS; i.e. with asymmetric fission or abnormal crypt-alignment) were recorded in 50% of the GALT domains (15% had no dysplasia and 35% had epithelial dysplasia). Adenomas on top of GALT domains were found in 7%, and GALT carcinomas in 53%. Histology of the 146 colonic GALT carcinomas revealed highly differentiated carcinomas or signet-ring cell carcinomas. EDTA-treated and untreated animals showed no dysplastic CCS, or other neoplasia.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that GALT mucosal domains in carcinogen-treated rats often develop dysplastic CCS. Non-dysplastic CCS appear to act as scaffolds for the top-down replacement/transformation by dysplastic cells. Importantly, highly differentiated carcinomas were seen to evolve from dysplastic CCS and from adenomas, and signet-ring cell carcinomas from dysplastic goblet cells present at the base of crypts. This is the first study showing that non-invasive neoplastic lesions (dysplastic CCS and adenomas) antedate colonic GALT carcinomas in DMH-treated SD rats. The DMH-SD paradigm permits detailed study of the histological events preceding GALT carcinoma under standard laboratory conditions.