We examine drill cuttings from the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) boreholes to determine the lithol- ogy and deformational textures in the fault zones and host rocks. Cutting samples repre- sent the lithologies from 1.7-km map distance and 3.2-km vertical depth adjacent to the San Andreas Fault. We analyzed two hun- dred and sixty-six grain-mount thin-sections at an average of 30-m-cuttings sample spac- ing from the vertical 2.2-km-deep Pilot Hole and the 3.99-km-long Main Hole. We iden- tify Quaternary and Tertiary(?) sedimen- tary rocks in the upper 700 m of the holes; granitic rocks from 760-1920 m measured depth; arkosic and lithic arenites, interbed- ded with siltstone sequences, from 1920 to ~3150 m measured depth; and interbed- ded siltstones, mudstones, and shales from 3150 m to 3987 m measured depth. We also infer the presence of at least fi ve fault zones, which include regions of damage zone and fault core on the basis of percent of cata- clasite abundances, presence of deformed grains, and presence of alteration phases at 1050, 1600-2000, 2200-2500, 2700-3000, 3050-3350, and 3500 m measured depth in the Main Hole. These zones are correlated with borehole geophysical signatures that are consistent with the presence of faults. If the deeper zones of cataclasite and alteration intensity connect to the surface trace of the San Andreas Fault, then this fault zone dips 80-85° southwest, and consists of multiple slip surfaces in a damage zone ~250-300 m thick. This interpretation is supported by borehole geophysical studies, which show this area is a region of low seismic velocities, reduced resistivity, and variable porosity.


Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted disease in both men and women worldwide. HPV is associated with a variety of clinical conditions that range from innocuous lesions to cancer. Genital HPV types are divided into high and low-risk types, according to the oncogenic potential. Molecular and epidemiologic studies have solidified the association between highrisk HPV types (especially HPV-16 and HPV-18) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma. HPV infection is often transient and self-limiting but uncommonly, infection persists and progress to high grade lesions and cancer. In addition to persistent high-risk HPV infection, other viral factors such as high viral loads, HPV variants, infections with multiple high-risk HPV types and genetic predisposition contribute to the development of cervical cancer. Although HPV is the primary etiologic agent of cervical cancer, it is not sufficient, and a variety of factors contribute to the cancer development. Risk factors include various aspects of sexual behavior (e.g. number of sexual partners, age of first sexual activity), smoking, longterm oral contraceptive use, immunosuppression, and presence of other sexually transmitted agents.


The invention provides a method for producing container-packed aloe leaf pulp. By the method, container-packed aloe leaf pulp containing large amount of aloe leaf pulp can be easily produced within a short time. The method comprises, mixing aloe leaf pulp with syrup to prepare syrup-kept aloe leaf pulp; stirring the syrup-kept aloe leaf pulp while uniformly heating the aloe leaf pulp at a temperature of 88 to 100 DEG C for 3 to 10 minutes for sterilization; packing all the components of the syrup-kept aloe leaf pulp into a container, and cooling; wherein, the heating and cooling are performed to obtain an area, which is enclosed by the a temperature time curve and a time line when the temperature of the syrup is 70 DEG C, of 8-43 (DEG C.hr), the temperature time curve representing the variation of the temperature (DEG C) of the syrup with the time when the syrup-kept aloe leaf pulp is subjected to heating and cooling.


Transmission of XeCl excimer laser pulses through commercial silica optical fibers with high OH content have been investigated. The Ultraviolet irradiation of these optical fibers includes color center generation and two photon absorption in the fiber core. These absorbing centers disappear at room temperature. A spectroscopic study of fiber core fluorescence permitted to clearly identify the Non Bridging Oxygen Hole Centers as main type of defects created. The influence of laser parameters on transmission evolution of the optical fiber observed during irradiation are discussed. The use of a bundle of fibers to transmit high average power excimer laser is presented. The results obtained in these experiments are promising for the use of optical fibers in a wide range of excimer laser industrial applications.


The project Teachers' Artisans for Peace (Maestros Artesanos para la Paz) responds to the concern for a stable and lasting peace in Colombia, and for the person of the peace educator as subject of generation and construction of culture for peace. Therefore, it explores the question: ^How does a person learns to be a teacher for peace from the perspective of the peaceful resolution of conflicts and the construction of peace? It is an intervention project based on the concepts of Peace Research and Peace Education, as well as what has been called "Reflexive Peace Building" (Lederach, Neufeldt, and Culbertson, 2007) that integrates and promotes a dialogue between theory and practice for the construction of peace.
The methodology implemented focuses on the concepts of form, occurrence and relationships, in dialogue with culture for peace, education for peace and educators for peace. In this context, form is considered a peace content in itself; relationships are conscious, with a large component of empathic understanding; and the occurrence provokes a significant learning and transformations in people, relationships and environments. All this in order to contribute to a culture of peace.
1 In Spanish the title is: Maestros Artesanos para la Paz. In the context of the Project, the| word "maestros" have a double meaning: teachers but also masters. A literal translation would be "Masters artisans for peace"


ABSTRACT Objective Our objectives were to identify optimal dietary inclusion for Sweet Bran (SB; Cargill Inc.), a branded, modified wet corn gluten feed product, and determine whether there are other important factors to consider when feeding SB to lactating dairy cattle. Materials and Methods Experiments where at least 2 SB concentrations were investigated (n = 12; 50 treatment means) were compiled into a database for meta-regression analysis. Experiments were screened to ensure they reported nutrient and ingredient composition of treatments and milk yield and milk component responses. The meta-regression was conducted using lmer and step functions of the lmerTest package within R (v 4.0.2). Results and Discussion Dietary SB interacted with NDF concentration such that greater SB inclusion was associated with increased DMI, but the magnitude of this effect declined with increasing dietary NDF concentration. Milk fat percentage and protein yield were affected by an interaction between dietary forage NDF (fNDF) and SB; increasing fNDF when feeding greater SB inclusions had positive effects on milk fat concentration but negative effects on milk protein yield. Milk fat and protein yield were optimized at 26 and 11% SB inclusion, respectively. Implications and Applications Sweet Bran supports increased DMI and milk fat yield when included at 20 to 40% of diet DM, but total diet NDF must be controlled. Results also suggest that moderate fNDF when feeding SB is important. Too little fNDF reduces milk fat percentage, whereas too much reduces protein yield. Finally, feeding greater SB concentrations reduced milk protein yield, suggesting the need to focus on AA balancing.


ABSTRACT Driven pile is widely used as an effective and convenient structural component to transfer superstructure loads to deep stiffer soils. Nevertheless, during the design process of piles, due to the intrinsic complexity as well as various design variables, the internal stress state related to pile drivability remains unclear, which makes the analysis imprecise. Thus, the development of an accurate predictive model becomes emergent. This paper presents a practical approach to assess pile drivability in relation to the prediction of Maximum compressive stresses and Blow per foot using a series of machine learning algorithms. A database of more than 4000 piles is employed to construct random forest regression (RFR) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) models. The 10-fold cross-validation method and Lasso regularisation are adapted to obtain the model of superior generalisation ability and better persuasive results. Lastly, the results of RFR and MARS models were compared and evaluated in accordance with the goodness of fit, running time and interpretability. The results show that the RFR model performs better than the MARS in terms of fitting and operational efficiency, but is short of interpretability.


We explained the microscopic mechanism of the reduction of exciton binding energy in metalized perovskite solar cell induced by coupling to plasmons in core-shell nanoparticles, which occurs to be a new and very effective channel to increase cell efficiency besides the conventional plasmon mediated absorption strengthening. The model we compared with CH3NH3PbI3-αClα hybrid perovskite solar cell with inclusion of core-shell Au/Si02 nanoparticles filling pores in the Al2O3 or TiO2 basis, application of which improved the cell efficiency from 10.7 to 11.4% and from 8.4 to 9.5% mostly due to described plasmon-exciton effect.


Most Chinese people are the perceptual consumer today,but their enthusiasm has been high about consuming and reading on the Chinese classical literature.Compare to that of yesterday and today,we can find that Chinese people not only hold in awe and veneration on classical literature,but also poke fun at it.So there is a lack of mutual understanding between the classical literatures and the perceptual consume conception.There is a conclusion that the practical idea of consuming and reading may be an important method to removing the lack of mutual understanding between the classical literatures and the perceptual consume concept.


SUMMARY

After cross-pollination of self-incompatible Diplotaxis tenuifolia the pollen tubes penetrate the wall cuticle of the epidermal papillae and grow inside the cellulose-pectin layer of the wall towards the base of the papillae. The tubes continue their growth in the middle lamellae of the stigmatic tissue and the intercellular spaces of the stylar transmitting tissue, both of which contain pectin.


John.Eton,a teacher in early Bores,set up the Basic Course in design education,from which basic educational system centering on the Three Construction in design education was derived.Basic Course bears reasonable characteristic.Meanwhile,it also emphasizes the inspiration of students 'ubjective feeling.Etons' reason helps him build the foundation for the new mode in design education,while his unreason leads to his religious belief and mysticism.For Bores,Eton makes his brilliant contribution as well as passive influence.


The use of renewable energy in many applications has become an important necessity due to the high price of fuel on the one hand and the great shortage of the national grid in Iraq during the past two decades. The solar powered water pump system consists of solar PV modules, submersible pump, and its control unit. Solar cells have non-linear I-V characteristics and the energy generated depends on the nature of the solar panels and the ambient temperature, and the mismatch of the source and the load leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the system. So it uses MPPT to extract maximum power from the PV panel. Matlab Simulink model was used to design and analyze the PV system as well as the solar powered pump. The results indicate the ability of the MPPT to extract the energy required to operate the pump.


The paper analysed the feature of college health work,institution building,as well as the characteristics of patients and the doctors.The paper expounded particularity,components and preventive measures of the dispute between doctors and patients.According to the college hospital characteristics and the main reasons for the contradictions between doctors and patients,the paper put forward the corresponding preventive measures,such as to change the concept of service,strengthen medical management,increase staff training,improve the medical standard of health care and service quality,focus on doctor-patient communication,properly handle disputes and prevent conflicts,so as to build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.


The electronic device may change one or more settings of the imager to its (imager) based on the user's motion, which attempts to authenticate the device. In one implementation, the electronic device may capture a first set of users of the image data (for example, the user of the video or still image), detecting a user's motion and, on the basis of the motion has already changed my settings , capturing a second set of users of the image data, and based on a second set of image to authenticate the user. In some embodiments, the electronic device already has a large number of them, and to activate the at least one additional imagers based on the detected motion of the user.


Grating translation technique (GTT), which employs a momentary shift of the light fringes during recording, has proven to be a powerful tool for characterization of various photorefractive materials including polymers. It has been used in the transmission geometry. Recently, the reflection geometry with ultra-low grating spacing (Λ ≈100 nm) has become a topical issue for two-wave mixing experiments with LiNbO3:Fe crystals [1]. Stabilization of the light fringes by means of a feedback loop and application of extremely large external electric fields (up to 650 kV/cm) has allowed to improve greatly the apparent photorefractive characteristics and to enter a new challenging range of material parameters. Distinguishing features of our case are as follows: (a) We deal with strong space-charge saturation effects, (b) the feedback stabilization is able to modify strongly the photorefractive response by introduction of a frequency detuning between the light beams, and (c) a low-frequency resonance has been predicted just in the actual range of experimental parameters [2].


Having been a member of the Actuarial Society of Edinburgh for something like a quarter of a century, and having been during that period anything but a working bee, in so far as the interests of the Society are concerned, I felt, when I was asked to be its Honorary President for this session, that I had no claim whatever to the honour proposed to be conferred upon me. Further reflection, however, led me to see that wrong-doing in the past formed no valid reason for a continuance of the same line of conduct in the future, but rather that the reverse should be the case. It seemed to me that, having hitherto failed to take my fair share of the work of the Society, I should best expiate my guilt by trying to do better in the future. In coming to this conclusion, I was quite aware that the first mark of penitence I would be called upon to show would be the delivery of an Inaugural Address at the opening of this session, and that meant time for preparation, which, in a busy life otherwise, was not so easily secured. However, the time between the election of the Honorary President and the opening of the session was considerable, and I trusted to opportunity presenting itself.


This article aims to solve the problem of decentralized event-based finite-time control for a class of high-order interconnected nonlinear systems with an asymmetric output constraint. In order to achieve finite-time stability and reduce the update frequency of the controller, a novel controller and its event-trigger mechanism is proposed by adding a power integral technique and utilizing sign function. To fulfill the requirement of asymmetric output constraints, an asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is constructed, which is different from tan-type and log-type BLFs. Based on the contradictory idea and finite-time stability theory, it is proved that there is no Zeno phenomenon under this event-trigger mechanism and all state variables of the closed-loop system attenuate to the origin in the finite-time while the output signals never violate the constraint. Furthermore, the result in this article is expanded to fixed-time control. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented strategy.


The trial is focused on the matrix to identify hazards as well as the risk values and determine controls, it will be carried out on the objective that the company EMPULEG E.S.P,
Handles the guidelines to raise the matrix. Which was the study of the methodology to obtain a satisfactory result in each process of the characterization.


BACKGROUND
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) remains the most common long-term complication after cataract surgery. It can be treated by Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, however this may lead to other complications and laser treatment is not available in large parts of the developing world. Therefore, many studies try to find factors influencing the development of PCO.

OBJECTIVES
To summarise the effects of different interventions to inhibit PCO. These include modifications of surgical technique and intraocular lens (IOL) design, implantation of additional devices and pharmacological interventions.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS in March 2009 and reference lists of identified trial reports.

SELECTION CRITERIA
We included only prospective, randomised and controlled trials with a follow-up time of at least 12 months. Interventions included modifications in surgical technique explicitly to inhibit PCO, modifications in IOL design (material and geometry), implantation of additional devices and pharmacological therapy compared to each other, placebo or standard treatment.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We extracted data and entered it into RevMan. We compared visual acuity data, PCO scores and YAG capsulotomy rates and performed a meta-analysis when possible.

MAIN RESULTS
Sixty six studies were included in the review. The review was divided into three parts. 1. Influence of IOL optic material on the development of PCO. There was no significant difference in PCO development between the different IOL materials (PMMA, hydrogel, hydrophobic acrylic, silicone) although hydrogel IOLs tend to have higher PCO scores and silicone IOLs lower PCO scores than the other materials. 2. Influence of IOL optic design on the development of PCO. There was a significantly lower PCO score (-8.65 (-10.72 to -6.59), scale 0 to 100) and YAG rate (0.19 (0.11 to 0.35)) in sharp edged than in round edged IOLs, however not between 1-piece and 3-piece IOLs. 3. Influence of surgical technique and drugs on the development of PCO. There was no significant difference between different types of intraoperative/postoperative anti-inflammatory treatment except for treatment with an immunotoxin (MDX-A) which led to a significantly lower PCO rate.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Due to the highly significant difference between round and sharp edged IOL optics, IOLs with sharp (posterior) optic edges should be preferred. There is no clear difference between optic materials. The choice of postoperative anti-inflammatory treatment does not seem to influence PCO development.


Fifth generation (5G) mobile communications have many aspects of services, including the one by the technology of Internet of things (IoT). To support the diverse service types of IoT applications, heterogeneous requirements for massive connectivity and low latency are mandatory. In this paper, service group based filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FOFDM) combined with interleaved division multiple access (IDMA), i.e., FOFDM-IDMA, is proposed in order to simultaneously support massive connectivity and fulfill the low-latency requirements in the uplink (UL) IoT environment. The proposed FOFDM-IDMA platform has two focal points: first, it enables the coexistence of various time-frequency granularities suitable to diverse service groups, and second, it supports massive connectivity with low latency to provide reliable communications. Thus, the proposed FOFDM-IDMA framework can simultaneously support the requirements of uRLLC (ultrareliable low-latency communications) and mMTC (massive machine-type communications) for the next-generation communication systems. However, the 5G new radio (NR) can solely support the requirements of uRLLC and mMTC independently. Simulation results show that the proposed FOFDM-IDMA platform performs remarkably well, compared to the conventional scheme in the IoT environment.


This paper proposed an obstacle orientation algorithm and a path planning of multi-turn mode to apply in automatic parking systems. The vehicle parks at a low velocity by developing a braking strategy. In addition to the design of controllers, a speed trajectory consisting of acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration is planned in order to provide the driver more comfortable feeling. According to the result of the verification tests, the obstacle orientation algorithm could accurately identify the 2D coordinate. And the proposed path planning of multi-turn mode saves one meter than the traditional two-turn mode. It makes the parking space only need 1.28 times the vehicle length. The vehicle control is implemented using Fuzzy-PID tracking control. System performance and tracking ability are verified in hardware and software implementations with very low cost.


For the last 10 years, the ATLAS Distributed Computing project has based its monitoring infrastructure on a set of custom designed dashboards provided by CERN. This system functioned very well for LHC Runs 1 and 2, but its maintenance has progressively become more difficult and the conditions for Run 3, starting in 2021, will be even more demanding; hence a more standard code base and more automatic operations are needed. A new infrastructure has been provided by CERN, based on InfluxDB as the data store and Grafana as the display environment. ATLAS has adapted and further developed its monitoring tools to use this infrastructure for data and workflow management monitoring and accounting dashboards, expanding the range of previous possibilities with the aim to achieve a single, simpler, environment for all monitoring applications. This document describes these tools and the data flows for monitoring and accounting.


Process engineering today is concerned with the understanding and development of systematic procedures for design and optimal operation and control of the chemical process systems. This work motivated by the need to provide a more flexible than existing approaches framework for changes in chemical process engineering in particular, and for predicting the behavior of process systems in general. Integrated method of the process systems development make possible seeking out the most adequate model for simulation of real process design and optimization, that leads to improving current and development a new processes. The study state plant simulation model and dynamic simulation model make significant tools for observation behavior of the process. Comparative study of different processes can established more concurrent process alternatives.


PurposeThis paper contributes to the existing literature by extending the empirical work on the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure by analyzing the mediating role of cost of capital in the non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX).Design/methodology/approachThe sample for this study includes non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (formerly Karachi Stock Exchange) for the period of 2004–2016. Based on 1800 firm-year observations, three approaches of panel data analysis are applied for the step-wise analysis of the underlying study. Firstly, Pooled OLS is applied. Secondly, fixed and random effect panel regression followed by the Hausman test to check the unobservable individual heterogeneity of the data. Hausman test indicates that the fixed-effects model is the most appropriate model for the sample panel data.FindingsThe study's findings are that board size, board composition, CEO/Chair duality, institutional ownership and managerial ownership have statistically significant direct effect on the firm's financing decisions. However, CEO/Chair duality, institutional ownership and managerial ownership have significant indirect effect on firm's capital structure decisions. The interesting finding of the paper is on the evidence of mediating role of cost of capital in the nexus of corporate governance and capital structure. Moreover, some conventional determinants of capital structure, including the firm's size, asset structure of the firm, profitability, business risk and growth, are found as determinants of capital structure decisions of the firms.Research limitations/implicationsThere are a few limitations to our study which could be addressed by upcoming research. We did not include all the four mechanisms of corporate governance including board structure, audit structure, compensation structure and ownership structure. However, we used only five important attributes including board size, board composition and CEO/Chair duality form board structure, managerial ownership and institutional ownership form ownership structure of corporate governance as our explanatory variables to examine their impact on the capital structure choices of the firms. Future studies may fill this research gap by involving some other attributes of corporate governance and analyzing their effectiveness and impact on value relevant capital structure decisions. Further, due to limited time and resources, we only tested the mediating role of cost of capital, hence, future researchers can analyze the mediating and moderating roles of different variables which may influence the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure choices of the firms.Practical implicationsThe study has many valuable guidelines and practical implications for the financial managers of the corporations. Our results will facilitate the policymakers in setting their corporate governance policies and practices and making the value relevant capital structure decisions in compliance with the implications of corporate governance mechanism. In addition, our study provides the empirical evidence in accordance with the argument that good governance practices, particularly the voluntary disclosures by the firm may reduce the information asymmetry which, ultimately, reduces the agency cost and the cost of capital for the firm. However, while deciding the financial policy of the corporations, managers can use our findings in order to assess the effectiveness of corporate governance practices employed by the firm in achieving the optimal capital structure at which the weighted average cost of capital is at its minimum level.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by investigating the mediating role of the cost of capital in the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure decisions of the firms. This paper provides empirical evidence that corporate governance indirectly affects capital structure decisions through the mediating role of cost of capital.


In this tightly argued, rigorous study, sociologist David Gibson wades deep into the proceedings of the United States Executive Committee of the National Security Council (ExComm), which were surreptitiously recorded by President John F. Kennedy during the tense days of the Cuban missile crisis (– October ). Relying on the labor-intensive tool of conversation analysis, Gibson's work could be heavy lifting for nonspecialists, particularly historians (like myself), who are more comfortable with slightly broader brushstrokes. Yet Gibson, perhaps aware of his wider audience, patiently spends nearly half the book introducing this theory and methods, resulting in a fresh, enlightening take on the deliberations that framed Washington's response to the crisis. Gibson takes as his subject of analysis three ExComm "decisions," concluding that they resulted neither from systematic deliberation by rational actors, nor from an assertive President. Instead, Gibson writes, they resulted from "foretalk," stories about the future that were told and retold, until one emerged as the dominant narrative. On  October, for example, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara employed skillful "foretalk" regarding the benefits of implementing a blockade of Cuba in response to Soviet nuclear missile installations on the island. In so doing, he and other supporters of the blockade succeeded in suppressing its main drawback: that it would preclude Kennedy's first choice of an air strike against preoperational missiles. In the case of blockade enforcement, on the other hand, Gibson argues that no dominant narrative emerged through "foretalk" on  October, leading the President to postpone a decision until three Soviet ships had already crossed the blockade line undisturbed. Further, President Kennedy was strongly opposed to ExComm's decision on  October to respond only to the more generous offer transmitted by Nikita Khrushchev the previous evening, whereby Moscow would remove the missiles in exchange for a US guarantee not to invade Cuba. Instead, Kennedy wished to accept Khrushchev's tougher follow-up offer, calling on the United States to remove NATO nuclear missiles from Turkey. In Gibson's view, the dominance of "foretalk" in favor of the first track demonstrates that ExComm's decision-making "rested on grouptalk – on most ExComm members converging on the same story while preventing its discontents," in this case President Kennedy himself, "from raising an effective objection" (). Gibson's approach succeeds as a theoretical reinterpretation, but it nonetheless falls short of representing a narrative "sharply at odds with previous scholarship" (). This is principally due to his tightly focussed methodology: he restricts his analysis to thirtyseven snippets of the recorded ExComm sessions, representing an hour or two of the forty-three-hour total. Gibson omits, for example, ongoing consideration of air strikes through  October, when intelligence revealed that some missile sites were


The motion of a short symmetrical rotor without loading by a constant radial force is described. The rotor under consideration is mounted in two hybrid conical gas lubricated bearings. It is assumed that the symmetric bearing's foundation is supported by flexible damped elements. An optimum angle of conical gas bearings which gives the maximum stability of the motion of the rotor with respect to the self-excited, cylindrical vibrations is sought. For this purpose a linear method of analysis is used. The optimum angle of the conical bearing is established for a certain family of conical gas films. The conditions of its existence in terms of parameters describing properties of the gas films and of the characteristic parameters of flexible damped elements is found. Finally, the existence of an optimum stiffness of elastic elements of support with respect to the creation of self-excited whirl vibrations of the rotor and foundation is proved.


Contents Sources and Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Prelude: The Omnipotent Pennsylvania Railroad 2. The Back Story 3. Why? 4. Vanderbilt Takes Charge 5. The Spoilers 6. The Syndicate Forms 7. A Rugged Route 8. Building a Mountain Railroad 9. The Second Front 10. Cooler Heads and Colder Feet Emerge 11. A Summer Cruise on the Hudson 12. Not Quite Dead 13. The End 14. Railroad to Superhighway, More or Less... 15. Epilogue: Ghost Hunting along the South Penn Notes Bibliography Index


This paper compares the results of subjective and objective assessments of the quality of speech and music signals distorted during clipping when large instantaneous signal values are replaced by a certain threshold constant or by values close to it. It was proposed in recent works to use kurtosis and some of its simple functional transforms such as reciprocal of kurtosis and square root of reciprocal of kurtosis as objective (instrumental) clipping value measures. This paper clarifies the results of a subjective assessment of the quality of speech and music signals distorted by clipping. A comparison of the obtained estimates allows one to conclude that the human auditory system is slightly more sensitive to the clipping of musical signals than to the clipping of speech signals, but this difference is small. Similarly, objective quality measures of clipped signals are almost equally sensitive to the clipping value of speech and music signals. An analysis of the variability of the kurtosis estimates, depending on the time of estimation, showed that the relative standard deviation of the kurtosis estimates is close to 10% for the analysis time interval of 1–40 s.


The externally driven micropump is common means of transporting liquid on the microscale. It is usually difficult to evaluate the oscillation characteristics with the influence of the liquid inside the micropump taken into account. In this study, modal analysis with an additional mass effect of liquid is carried out for the evaluation of the influences of miniaturization and internal liquid. Analyses under three typical conditions of microfluidics devices were carried out: (1) cantilever-type actuator vibrates a flexible microchannel, (2) film-type actuator vibrates a microchannel, and (3) oscillation of single microchannel. The results indicate that the liquid inside the microchannel and the microchannel shape greatly influence the oscillation characteristics. The microchannel should be designed to have a small aspect ratio, a large cross-sectional area of the upper wall, and a cross-sectional area of channel smaller than that of the upper wall. These effects should be taken into account in the design of the externally driven micropunp.


Abstract An ambiguity in previously published hornblende orientation data is pointed out and illustrated by measurements on an epidiorite. A method is proposed of differentiating in certain cases between (a) a fabric derived by crystallization of hornblende under stress and (b) that derived by alignment of pre-existing hornblende prisms.


The article consider the possibilities of application of rules of civil law on the ways for termination of obligations at the conclusion of the mediation agreement. One way to do this is to change the performance of the obligation compensation. The author dwells upon the questions of the legal nature of compensation, the role of the debtor and creditor at the conclusion of the agreement on compensation, gives the legal characteristics of agreements on compensation. The ratio of the mediation agreement and the agreement on compensation with the inclusion of the latter in terms of the mediation agreement is analyzed.


The preparation and properties of the selenides of La, Ce, Prs Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd are described. All these selenides crystallize in the cubic system of the NaCl type. Their stability at high temperatures suggests their utilization as refractory materials. (tr-auth)


The risks in the oversea oil business become more and more serious because of the changing polices,oppressive contracts provisions,undetermined geological conditions and adverse operating circumstances in the resource countries.This paper classifies the risk types according to the possible risk-sources and demonstrates the risk recognition and analysis process from three different stages.By combining the NPV method,the Monte-Carlo simulation method and the method for analyzing the risk-benefit influencing process,the paper builds a new risk-benefit co-analysis model with the economic effect as the core consideration and,furthermore,puts forward a new kind of risk index in view of the necessary economic return.The risk index calculation method and process are given as well.Based on the collected data and information from the actual oil and gas resource blocks in the Central Asia countries,the risk-benefit co-analysis has been made by means of the developed model.The results show that,most oil and gas blocks in Kahcakstan belong to those with lower risks,the petroleum projects in Tukumanstan are mostly of higher benefits with higher risks,and the investment to the oil projects in Uzebekstan would often meet higher risks and lower benefits.


Polyamines are low molecular weight polycations ubiquitously present in all living cells. There is an increasing interest in the study of the polyamines as they are proved to be involved in a large number of cellular processes, like transcription and translation, DNA stabilization, signal transduction, cell growth and proliferation. The insect Antheraea mylitta, which produces tasar silk belongs to family Saturnidae. It has always been an important aspect to enhance the economic traits of silkworms by many scientists. In this study, considering the beneficial aspects of polyamines, the effect of spermidine on the growth of A. mylitta was studied. Silkworms in 5 th instar larval stage were fed with plain and spermidine sprayed Terminalia arjuna leaves in different concentrations. Results show 50µM spermidine treated silkworms gained more weight than the control worms. The treated worms showed improved economic traits in all respects. These results suggest that A. mylitta larvae can be fed with spermidine treated Terminalia arjuna leaves for better growth rate and increased silk production.


The article examines the historiographical work devoted to the persecution of persons of Polish nationality in the Ukrainian SSR within the Polish Military Organization (PMO) case. Ukrainian, Russian and Polish scholars have tried to reconsider the events of that time, overcoming the remnants of the old bias. The purpose of the study is a historiographical analysis of the process and results of research on the PMO case in the 1930s. The research methods used in the article were selected under the purpose and based on the principle of historicism. They are represented by the general scientific analysis method and special scientific historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods. The application of these methods allowed us to consistently trace the process of formation and development of historical knowledge on the studied issues. The periodization of the government's punitive and repressive policy towards Polish nationals within the PMO case in the 1930s was first proposed. It has been established that Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian scholars have studied the causes, forms, and consequences of the Soviet government's punitive and repressive policies toward Poles within the PMO case and have formed and published a significant corpus of sources. The events were traced to the processes of rehabilitation of convicts and the study of the fate of the families of Polish detainees. It should be noted that the research has great social significance as historians aim to form a public consciousness of the condemnation of Stalin's crimes and the impossibility of an acquittal policy regarding them. Several tasks have been identified that require further research efforts by scientists from different countries.


TIIVISTELMÄ • SAMMANDRAG Interlaboratory Proficiency Test 13/2017 Proftest SYKE carried out the proficiency test (PT) for analysis of oil hydrocarbons in water and soil in November 2017. Three types of samples were delivered to the participants: synthetic sample, surface water and soil samples. In total, 16 participants joined in the PT. In this proficiency test 76 % of the results were satisfactory when deviation of 20–40 % from the assigned value was accepted. Basically, either the calculated concentration, the robust mean, or the median of the results reported by the participants was used as the assigned value for measurands. The evaluation of the performance of the participants was carried out using the z scores. Warm thanks to all the participants of this proficiency test!


Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verumJ.Presl) is a well-known medicinal plant considered as an effective treatment for neurological disorders based on Persian medicine. The aim of the present study was assessing the effect of cinnamon oil, cinnamic acid, and cinnamaldehyde, on the in vitromodel of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cinnamon oil, prepared in sesame oil, was phytochemically analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pheochromocytoma-12 (PC-12) cells were treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) as an in vitromodel of neurodegeneration in PD. Cell viability, activity of caspase enzymes, and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. MPTP significantly decreased cell viability and increased Casp activity, as well asROS formation. Cinnamon oil and cinnamic acid at 200 μg/mLcould significantly reverse MPTP-induced abnormalities in PC-12 cells including Casp activity and ROS formation. Our study supports the beneficial effect of cinnamon oil in neurodegeneration. Further investigations are needed to clarify the mechanisms and main active components.


Nowadays, over 40 different countries issue biometric passports to increase security on there borders. Among these are the European Union countries. These e-passports are based on the ICAO 9303 standard. One of the goals is including biometric data to increase the security. To prevent fraude on a logical en physical level, security mechanisms are defined in the ICAO standard. In this paper the Basic Access Control (BAC) mechanism is discussed. BAC has been well scrutinized and appears not to be without issues. These issues pose a real threat, but can be mitigated by some adaptions and implementing the extended access control (EAC) mechanism suggested by the ICAO standard.


This study aims to determine the conformity of adolescents in SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Galur and SMP Muhammadiyah Al Manar Boarding School and to analyze the differences there. This research is survey research using a quantitative approach with a comparative study method. The population in this study was 171 students, while the sample size was 120 students. The data analysis technique used the Mann Withney test to see the results of differences in adolescent conformity. The final results of this study indicated that (1) the level of conformity of the students of SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Galur was medium; (2) the conformity level of the students of SMP Muhammadiyah Al Manar Boarding School was medium and high; (3) there was no significant difference regarding the level of adolescent conformity between students of SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Galur and students of SMP Muhammadiyah Al Manar Boarding School as evidenced by the results of the Mann Withney test with the Sig. 0.129 0.05.


Synthetic receptors for phosphates and phosphonates have been generated in SiO{sub 2} xerogels via a surface molecular imprinting method. The monomer 3-trimethoxy silylpropyl-1-guanidinium chloride (1) was developed to prepare receptor sites capable of binding with substrates through a combination of ionic and hydrogen bond interactions. HPLC studies and adsorption isotherms performed in water have found that molecular imprinting affords a significant improvement in K{sub a} for phosphate and phosphonate affinity over a randomly functionalized xerogel. Affinities for these materials offer about an order of magnitude improvement in affinity compared to analogous small molecule receptors reported in the literature. The xerogel matrix appears to participate in host-guest interactions through anionic charge buildup with increasing pH.


A number of different diseases are collectively described as the amyloid disorders because they result from the misfolding and aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils or their precursors that are deposited in various tissues where they wreak havoc. In his Perspective,
 Dobson
 provides an overview of research into amyloid diseases and discusses possible therapeutic interventions that could prevent or reverse the aggregation process.


This article sets out to re-examine certain aspects of the phenomenon of subjectivity in narrative within the framework of Culiolian location theory. Subjectivity is able to manifest itself at different levels in the construction of an utterance. After a critical discussion of the concept of enunciator and enunciative origin, a distinction is introduced between the phenomenon of subjectivity as associated with the presence of "strong" forms of modal and aspectual determination as opposed to that associated with point-of-view, the latter seen to proceed from a supplementary enunciative level operation of determination. The second and third parts of the article deal respectively with the phenomenon of narrator and character orientated point-of-view as manifest in a number of frequently encountered aspectuo-modal configurations.


The present invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting activation tone, wherein the method comprises: obtaining at least one characteristic parameter of the first feature category group, at least one characteristic parameter of the second feature type of the second group, and at least two has VAD decision result, wherein said first type and said second type of characteristic parameters characteristic parameters are used for detecting the characteristic parameter VAD; characteristic parameter based on the first category, the second category and the characteristic parameter at least two existing activation tone detection verdict activate tone detection, get with VAD verdict. Solve the related art, VAD program detects inaccuracies and other technical problems, improve the accuracy of the VAD, thereby enhancing the user experience.


In rats, learning and memory performance decline during aging, which makes this rodent species a suitable model to evaluate therapeutic strategies of potential value for correcting age‐related cognitive deficits. Some of these strategies involve neurotrophic factors like insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), a powerful neuroprotective molecule in the brain. Here, we implemented 18‐day long intracerebroventricular (ICV) IGF‐I gene therapy in 28 months old Sprague–Dawley female rats, and assessed spatial memory performance in the Barnes maze. We also studied hippocampal morphology using an unbiased stereological approach. Adenovectors expressing the gene for rat IGF‐I or the reporter DsRed were used. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken and IGF‐I levels determined by radioimmunoassay. At the end of the study, IGF‐I levels in the CSF were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the DsRed controls. After treatment, the IGF‐I group showed a significant improvement in spatial memory accuracy as compared with DsRed counterparts. In the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, the IGF‐I group showed a higher number of immature neurons than the DsRed controls. The treatment increased hippocampal astrocyte branching and reduced their number in the hippocampal stratum radiatum. We conclude that the ependymal route is an effective approach to increase CSF levels of IGF‐I and that this strategy improves the accuracy of spatial memory in aging rats. The favorable effect of the treatment on DG neurogenesis and astrocyte branching in the stratum radiatum may contribute to improving memory performance in aging rats.


This article is the result of a research study whose objective was to analyze achievement motivation in the process of generational transition in family businesses in Mexico. The study was based on social constructionist theory, under a qualitative approach of crosscutting. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to members of two family businesses in a non-structured generational transition. Data was interpreted by a hermeneutic unit and ontosemiotic networks which led to theoretical proposals. The results show that emotional commitment and entrepreneurial skills are the most important default categories of achievement motivation and generational transition. It is concluded that the integration of successors to early ages facilitates their formation and the succession process; nevertheless, the solution of problems given by parents negatively affects children's motivation to develop entrepreneurial skills.


Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus worldwide, and causes a wide variety of clinical manifestations, the most severe occurring in immunocompromised hosts. Infection in immunocompetent people is mostly asymptomatic but can rarely lead to severe organ-specific complications with significant morbidity and mortality (1). Herein, we report the first case of toxic megacolon and mesenteric vein thrombosis following CMV infection during pregnancy.


Abstract This article explores corporate responsibility for less income inequality within the boundaries of the organization and with regard to society at large. Instead of examining the entire range of income distribution, the focus is on the lower and upper ends. The 'floor' is defined as a living wage, supported by strong economic and ethical arguments and proposed as a minimal income standard that can – and thus should – be implemented by companies. As for the ethically acceptable 'ceiling' of executive compensation, its identification and justification are more complicated. However, strong economic and ethical arguments can be made in favor of a drastic reduction of executive pay. Corporate responsibility for less income inequality in society means, first, to 'walk the talk' and set an example and, second, to being 'a good corporate citizen' by supporting legislation for a living wage and an ethically acceptable ceiling of executive pay.


Now the Sun is in the 24th solar cycle. The peak of solar cycle correspond to the number of the Sun activities, which one of them is solar flare. The solar flare is the violent explosion at the solar atmosphere and releases the high energy ion from the Sun to the interplanetary medium. Solar energetic particles or solar cosmic ray have important effect on the Earth, such as disrupt radio communication. We analyze the particle transport of the solar flare events on August 9, 2011, January 27, 2012, and November 3, 2013 in 24th solar cycle. The particle data for each solar flare was obtained from SIS instrument on ACE spacecraft. We simulate the particle transport with the equation of Ruffolo 1995, 1998. We solve the transport equation with the numerical technique of finite different. We find the injection duration from the Sun to the Earth by the compared fitting method of piecewise linear function between the simulation results and particle data from spacecraft. The position of these solar flare events are on the west side of the Sun, which are N18W68, N33W85, and S12W16. We found that mean free path is roughly constant for a single event. This implies that the interplanetary scattering is approximately energy independent, but the level of scattering varies with time. The injection duration decreases with increasing energy. We found the resultant variation of the highest energy and lowest energy, because the effect of space environments and the number of the detected data was small. The high mean free path of the high energy particles showed the transport capability of particles along to the variable magnetic field line. The violent explosion of these solar flares didn't affect on the Earth magnetic field with Kp-index less than 3.


Mathematics as an adaptive subject in vocational high school is needed to encourage their vocational, then support the student to solve problems during process in their vocational. But in reality , learning process is still teacher centered. Almost all of the students are passive and have difficulties in implementing mathematics with the contexts of their daily life. Therefore, this research wants to know the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) for student's activities. The research use the descriptive reseach method. The result of the research describe that the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning makes learning process more enjoyable and improve student's learning activity. Keywords Mathematics Learning , Contextual Teaching and Learning, student's activity


3- and 6-aminosugars are common motifs in bioactive compounds playing pivotal roles in the bioactivity of the core molecules to which they are attached. However, de novo synthesis of 3- and 6-amino...


In his intriguing reflections on why he writes "such good books," Nietzsche claims that one can "hear" (heraush?ren) in thi gs no more than what one already "knows": "What one has no access to through experience, one has no ears for" (EH "Books" 1). In this context, he invites his readers to consider the exceptional case in which a book speaks of nothing but encounters which lie outside the possibility of common or even of rare experience, claiming that this is "the first language for a new range of experiences": "In this case simply noth ing will be heard, with the acoustic allusion that where nothing is heard there is nothing_This is, in the end, my average experience, and, if you like, the orig inality of my experience." Nietzsche goes on to assert that failing to "hear" what is at stake in his work can manifest itself in two ways: either nothing is under stood and his ideas simply go unregistered or they are commuted to existing models that are wholly inappropriate. By way of illustration of the latter, Nietzsche adds that the word "overhuman" has frequently been interpreted as an "idealistic" type of a higher kind of human being:


The electronic structure of the A-type antiferromagnetic insulator LaMnO3 is investigated by the GW approximation. The band gap and spectrum are in a good agreement with experimental observation. The on-site/off-site dynamical screened Coulomb interaction on Mn sites is also calculated. Comparison with the results by the Hartree-Fock and the static COHSEX approximations is discussed in detail. The dynamical screening effect is important for the band gap and widths.


High-pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium composition and density data of the binary systems nitrogen + n-butane (at 339.4 and 380.2 K) and argon + n-butane (at 340.0 and 380.1 K) are reported. The data sets sere fit with the Peng-Robinson equation of state using both generalized and fluid-specific temperature-dependent parameters. The binary interaction parameters so obtained are reported.


Poster: "ECR 2019 / C-0037 / Differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumours by using semi-quantitative and quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging " by: "Y. Zhang, D. Hao , W. Xu; Qingdao/CN"


The enactment of strict laws on reducing pollution and controlling combustion has given rise to the necessity of considering a new approach to energy supply in the future. One such approach is the use of hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels. Hydrogen and synthesis gas are typically produced through the partial oxidation of methane in porous media. This process was theoretically simulated in this study through the modeling of a tubular reactor filled with a porous medium. With a view to achieving increased hydrogen production, the investigation focused on the following tasks: The best equivalence ratio of fuel to air was determined, and the effects of reactor diameter and length were examined to identify the most favorable reactor size for hydrogen production. The effects of fuel flow rate and porous media properties, such as grain size and porosity, on hydrogen production, were also investigated.


In a far-reaching shift of the political landscape, contenders now seek to discredit or take hostage their opponents rather than to expand the electorate or otherwise compete for votes. In this new edition, which includes a full chapter on the politics of Bush v. Gore, the authors discuss the long-term significance of the decline of electoral competition: voters are increasingly alienated, the government's effectiveness is weakened, and the democratic process is threatened.


The current work aimed to fabricate a screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) modified by MnO2 nanorods (MnO2 NRs) for sensing hydrazine. Thus, a facile protocol was adopted to construct the MnO2 nanorods that were subsequently applied to modify the SPGE surface directly. As-synthesized MnO2 NRs/SPGE sensor exhibited a strong sensing behavior towards the hydrazine, with a large peak current and small oxidation potential. This electrochemical sensor in the optimized conditions to detect the hydrazine possessed a low detection limit (0.02 μM), a broad linear dynamic range (0.05–275.0 μM) and an admirable sensitivity (0.0625 μA μM-1). The sensor applicability was practically estimated in real water samples, which revealed successful recovery values.


With Jiangsu province as case, for the production index of the yield, acreage and total production, the variation feature and trend were analyzed based on the chronological data of cotton production system. The results showed that the yield every year in Jiangsu increase except south Jiangsu, and the decreasing possibility of the yield per unit area in middle Jiangsu was greater than that in north Jiangsu. Obviously, the acreage was decreasing. Total production a-mong different districts were large different, the changing trend was decreasing, thereinto, the total production in south and middle Jiangsu decreased, but increasing in north Jiangsu. According to the variation feature of cotton production index, the integrated growth rate method was used to calculate the integrated growth rate or the integrated reduction rate. For cotton production system, the pessimistic, normal and optimistic prediction plans were established, respectively, and future yield per unit area, acreage and total production of cotton were predicted based on the actual production indexes.


This study aims to increase students' reading interest and knowledge by using an inquiry model. This research method uses Classroom Action Research. The study population used all class VIII students of MTs Miftahul Huda Jleper for the 2020/2021 academic year and the subjects of this study were students of class VIII-C. This data collection technique used tests and observations, while the data analysis techniques used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the average observations of the syntax implementation of the inquiry learning model in each cycle are; the first cycle (74.5%), the second cycle (83.3%), the third cycle (92.7%). The results of the average value of learning assessments and the number of students who completed learning in each cycle, namely cycle I had an average value of 76 with students who completed 16, cycle II had an average value of 82 with students who completed 21, and cycle III had an average score of 82. average score 91 with students who completed 28 students. Based on the reading interest questionnaire, it was obtained an increase in each cycle, namely in cycle I (65.2%), cycle II (79.7%), and cycle III (87.6%).


This author recommends a glassware cleaning system that has been effective in keeping the glassware used for organic laboratories clean.


The invention relates to a storage-stable Lysepuffermixtur for isolating nucleic acids from biological, preferably diagnostic samples. It is preferably connected to an extraction control. The object underlying the invention is to provide an improved nucleic acid extraction system, which is inexpensive, stable, and easy to use and thereby meet the demands of a modern nucleic acid extraction system by, among other things, it contains extraction controls. The invention is a Lysepuffermixtur for isolating nucleic acids which do not chaotropic salts, a special selection of detergents, a defined amount of at least one nucleic acid as the extraction control, optionally lytic enzymes, optionally Carrier nucleic acids and optionally other additives.


The change of morphology and the tensile strength properties in various environment temperature (-40∼50°C) of PP by injection-modeled speed were determined. The results on the increase in the injection-modeled speed are following as (1) The decrease in the thickness of the skin and intermediate layer, however, the increase in the core layer. (2) The average hardness decreased on the speciment section, and the ductile showed a enlarge trend. It was the same as the result of dynamic Visco elasticity. (3) The change of the crystallinity was not obviously on the FT-IR, but the crystallinity increased by the density measurement. (4) The orientation of the core layer was a little change, however, it showed a lot of change on the intermediate layer. (5) The tensile strength decreased, but the ductile property showed increased at the various temperatures. Therefore, the crack origin of the various specimens on the tensile conditions occurred on the intermediate layer with high hardness and orientation. The low ductile property specimen due to a low injection-modeled speed will form the asymmetry inner multi-structure and the difference mechanical property as well as the distortion on the intermediate and core layers.


Abstract The simple modules with character height at most one for the restricted Witt algebras are considered. Their classification, construction, and dimension formulas are reduced to the same for the general linear algebra. Results of Chang and Shen are recovered in the process.


Perennial crops undersown in cereals provide ground cover from harvest of the cereal crop to sowing of the next crop. Such cover crops can e.g. reduce soil erosion, nutrient leaching and N fertiliser requirements of the succeeding crop. The objective of this thesis was to develop guidelines on how to prevent grain yield losses due to competition from the perennial crops or to increase the yield of the main crops. The effects of species and time of undersowing of perennial crops in spring cereals, and the management of an intercropping system in which winter oilseed rape or consecutive crops of winter wheat were established in a remaining crop of white clover, were studied. The biomass of undersown cover crops by the time of the harvest of spring barley was significantly reduced with each delay in the undersowing, but the increase in biomass during autumn was generally not affected. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) reduced the grain yield by 6 and 1%, respectively, but may both be suitable as cover crops with the appropriate main crop, time of undersowing and seed rate. Undersown white clover (Trifolium repens L.)/perennial ryegrass mixtures kept soil mineral N as low as pure ryegrass and improved the residual effect. This suggests that clover in the cover crops may reduce the N fertiliser requirements of the succeeding crop without increased N leaching. Grain yields were smaller in the wheat/clover system than with wheat alone when the wheat was direct drilled and larger when sown after stubble cultivation. Direct drilled wheat and rape yielded more with clover varieties less adapted to the cold climate than with varieties in common use in the area. Grain yield increased, weeds were efficiently controlled and the white clover crop maintained by applying herbicides that mainly act as germination inhibitors when a third consecutive wheat crop had 1–2 leaves. It was possible to conclude that (1) the tillage performed in conjunction with the sowing of wheat, (2) the weed control practice, and (3) the choice of clover variety, have large effects on the yield of the winter annuals in the intercropping system.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones of formula and to their pharmaceutically acceptable salts where R 1 and R 2 have the values specified in cl. 1 of the patent claim. The specified compounds exhibit antagonistic activity with respect to the AMPA receptor. EFFECT: reception of a pharmaceutical composition for preparing a preparation used for treating a condition mediated by the AMPA receptor and first of all for treating epilepsy or schizophrenia. 8 cl, 81 ex


Introduction: On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared a global pandemic due to COVID-19 that affected orthopedic practice world-wide. To analyze the influence of COVID-19 on the employment situation of the members of the Argentine Association of Orthopedics and Traumatology (AAOT), we have conducted 3 surveys from the beginning of March 2020 to the post-vaccination stage in July 2021. The objectives were to determine differences between the relative reduction of work (outpatient clinics, surgeries) during the three phases of the pandemic: pre-peak, peak, and vaccination stage and to differentiate between the studied population, protective care, activity, tests, infection, isolation, and vaccination. Materials and Methods: Prospective survey, in three stages, to members in general, authorized by the Board of Directors, from the beginning of compulsory social isolation (R0 2.8), through the peak and post-vaccination stages. results: We observed a low degree of participation that progressively decreased between phases. In the first survey, 6.99% had been tested; in the second, 25.29%; and after 6 months, 88.2%. The reduction of habitual activities and the incorporation of telemedicine as a new way of doctor-patient exchange was the novelty in the second part of the survey. conclu-sions: Protection systems have given an acceptable percentage of reliability with a high vaccination rate among specialists. Despite the risk and fears of contagion, telemedicine has not managed to be an alternative accepted by both professionals and patients.


High speed permanent magnet (PM) brushless dc (BLDC) motors have increasingly been used in a wide range of commercial and industrial applications, while low rotor loss and reliable rotor dynamic feature of the motor are essential requirements. Due to the high power densities, the high speed PM BLDC motors' unit volume losses are high, and also it is difficult to disperse heat, thus, the rotor losses are no longer negligible compared to the conventional-speed machines and must be considered in the design process. Besides, the rotors of high speed PM BLDC motors are subject to the resonance vibration, limiting the maximum operation speed. This paper describes the design and analysis of a high speed PM BLDC motor with surface mounted magnets for a rated power of 10kW at 70,000 rpm. Influences of the stator and rotor structures as well as magnet materials on the motor's electromagnetic performance and rotor dynamic property are analyzed. Both analytical and FEA methods are adopted to calculate the motor losses and rotor resonance modals with different motor configurations.


This work amid to study the use of costus plant in the treatment of pulmonary infection caused by Aspergillus niger instead of the chemical drug (Amphotericin B), The experiments were conducted using 90 white male rats that were divided into the following groups : Group one consisted of the control 30 rats which orally administrated with distilled water. Group two comprised 10 rats treated with the fungus suspension. (0.4mg/ kg b.wt.) Group three comprised 40 rats treated with costus plant extract and divided into four subgroups. Group four comprised 20 rats treated with Amphotericin B (0.2mg/ kg) which was divided into two subgroups, then sacrificed and dissected. Then biopsies were taken from the lunges of the various groups of rats and placed in various fixatives in order to conduct the histological and ultrastructural studies. It could be observed from examination of the histological and ultrastructural sections of the lungs of the rats infected with the fungus, the appearance of numerous lymph inflammations especially around the bronchioles. In addition, some reduced with degenerative walls, In case of rats treated with costus extract, the lung tissues appeared normal. Also the rats infected with fungus then treated with costus, the interstitial tissues nearly restored its normal shape and appeared free from cytoplasmic degeneration. On the other sides the histological and ultrastructural sections of rats treated with Amphtericin B after fungus infection showed deformed lung tissues. [Sanna A, khalifa, Rahma A Al-Elyani and Dalia M, Domiaty. Histological and ultrastructural studies on the effect of Costus Plant and Amphotericin B on male lung rats infected by Aspergillus niger. Life Sci J 2012;9(4):5321-5338] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 792


The intensification of negative processes of natural and man-made nature, the growing number of cyberattacks, and terrorist threats have raised the issue of protection of critical infrastructure (CI), which is vital for the security of man, society and the state as a whole. Disruption of these facilities can lead to deterioration of: economic security, life and health of the population, domestic and state security, defense capabilities of the state, environmental security. Given the importance of this issue, a simplicial analysis of the structure of the cognitive model was conducted to study the level of protection of the object of CI. To achieve this goal, the dimension of simplexes is determined, a simplicial complex is constructed, which is a sequence of simplexes, which are arranged in descending order of their dimension, and its first structural vector is found, which allows to establish connectivity of complexes at all levels. Note that for each dimension value the number of different equivalence classes is set. Based on the obtained data, a set of control concepts for the whole system is formed and the connected components of the fuzzy cognitive model are established. The study of the relationships within each block of concepts of this simplicial complex will increase the level of security of the object of CI. And the obtained results are useful for making managerial decisions related to strengthening the safe operation of the CI facility, rapid adaptation to constantly changing conditions, resisting the impact of threats of any kind. Tabl.: 2. Fig.: 1. Refs: 10 titles.


The present invention, a) the steps of forming the coating film to form a coating liquid coating film by applying a transparent conductive film on a substrate, a non-polar solvent, a polar solvent, a conductive metal ink, and a surfactant and forming step of coating of applying a coating liquid for the transparent conductive film containing, b) the coating film is dried and calcined, on the substrate, a hole (hole) form transmissive portion and the conductive metal ink in a method of manufacturing a transparent conductive film that is characterized in that it comprises a forming step of the conductive pattern to form a conductive pattern having a formed pattern portion, and to provide thereby a transparent conductive film produced.


We propose a new cuboid matching algorithm for robust object detection in RGB-D images from an indoor scene. Unlike traditional bounding boxes, a cuboid is more flexible and accurate to represent the object's orientation and basic geometry that can serve as an informative mid-level representation for scene understanding. However, over-detection and miss-detection are common problems when the scene is too cluttered and has many irrelevant planar surfaces. We approach these problems from two perspectives. First, we apply a few planar features to improve initial plane generation and to select dominant plane candidates for cuboid initialization. Second, cuboid candidates are optimized to their local fitness involving both color and depth features. The experimental results show significant improvements over the state-of-art method both quantitatively and qualitatively.


Much of the design effort for U.S. Navy ships is devoted to development of repeat ship designs. The decision to repeat a design rather than develop a new one is often based on perceptions of what the repeat ship will be; that it will be less expensive or that it will be available sooner. This paper discusses these factors in depth. Repeat designs prepared in the last decade by NAVSEA are described; the similarity and differences between the earlier design and the repeat design are noted. Examples are discussed of repeats ranging from exact copies to those that are significantly different. Reasons for changes between the designs are identified and comparisons are made of engineering and production costs. The paper concludes with guidelines that should be used in determining whether a repeat or new design should be undertaken.


Soil erosion has been considered as an environmental concern that can lead to a decline in the quality of life. One of the effective factors in soil erosion is geological formations of the drainage basin from the view point of amount of runoff and sediment yield. Quaternary Formations are one of the widespread geological materials on the earth surface. Due to the fact that many human activities such as development of natural resources and agriculture occur on Quaternary Formations, the investigation of these formations is very essential. This research studies sediment yield on Quaternary formations consisting of alluvial terraces and the relationship between some physical and chemical factors with sediment yield. Therefore a part of Segzi- Kouhpayeh subdrainage located in Zayandeh-Roud Drainage Basin was chosen. A field rainfall simulator was used and runoff and sediment were collected from the plots and sediment yield factor was obtained. Soil samples were taken adjacent to each microplot for laboratory analyses and the data were analyzed statistically. The obtained regression models show that among the measured factors related to the sediment yield of alluvial terraces, the amount of sand and relative wetness have had important and significant roles.


w orldwide merchant sales of flavors and fragrances (essential oils; aroma chemicals; flavor and fragrance compounds) amounted to an estimated $7,000 million in 1987 against $6,000 million in 1986, that is, an increase of 16.7% measured in current US dollar terms. This compares, always in current US dollar terms, to an increase of 22,5% between 1985 and 1986. An overall analysis of average annual industry growth rates during the period 1980-1987 gives the following picture:


In this paper we find out about which elements of academic texts students of an advanced Psychology course in an Argentinian public university fail to recognize. We administered a questionnaire developed for this study to 55 students attending a course in the fourth year of the Undergraduate Major. Among the results we highlight the fact that students report having read academic texts mostly derived from predominantly expository and argumentative scientific texts; they only recognize a few elements of a bibliographic reference; they have worked mostly with bibliographical material with little contextualization; further, they ignore formal citation guidelines to a large extent.


A discussion is presented on the existence and geometry of the solar plasma instability (the cosmic-ray barrier surrounding the inner solar system). Hydromagnetic processes, those involving an exchange of energy between the protons of the solar plasma stream and the accompanying electrons in the region of hydromagnetic turbulence, are considered. It is suggested that turbulent motion of the plasma streams into local regions of the disordered barrier, where the field is intense relative to surrounding regions, will create electrons of high energies through the Veksler process. The bremsstrahlung x rays produced by the energetic electrons are calculated to have a flux of 1.7 x 10/sup 5/ photons cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/ for a stream of volume 10/sup 37/ cm/sup 3/. (C.J.G.)


Recently, Lei et al., (2018) published an article in Cancer Medicine claiming a survival benefit of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) expression in breast cancer patients. This controversial study opposes the prevailing view concerning the deleterious role of S1P in cancer. This is discussed in depth in the current opinion article.


We prove a regularity criterion for local strong solutions of the StokesMHD equations in terms of the velocity field in Besov space Ḃ ∞,∞.


Abstract The conversion of a B‐spline curve in different domains of degree through degree raising or degree reduction is common when transferring the B‐spline from one computer system to another. This study explores further degree reduction in a Bézier curve, a special type of B‐spline curve, by use of a tridiagonal matrix approach. We establish the linear relationship of the original control points of a Bézier curve of degree n + 1 which is suitable for degree reduction.


The utility model discloses a rescue device for a water disaster, and particularly applies to rescue for numerous rescuees in a wide range of water from a helicopter during rescue for the water disaster. The rescue device is characterized by comprising a hollow tubular gas chamber, a gas sealing mechanism, a compressed gas tank and a box body, wherein the hollow tubular gas chamber is accommodated in a post-exhaust state; the gas enclosing mechanism seals compressed gas into the gas chamber; the compressed gas tank keeps the compressed gas; and the box body accommodates the gas chamber, the gas sealing mechanism and the compressed gas tank. When the box body is thrown onto the water surface from the helicopter, the compressed gas in the compressed gas tank is sealed into the gas chamber by the gas sealing mechanism, and the gas chamber is released from the box body, expands in a vortex shape and unfolds on the water surface.


For the complexity and high initial capital cost in designing air conditioning system of large space building, it is necessary to simulate predict air distribution, thermal comfort of design system. This paper simulates and predicts thermal comfort and air distribution of existed air conditioning mode in Tianjin International Exhibition Center, second phase project B hall. The research is important in optimizing air conditioning system, simulating air distribution and thermal comfort in large space building.


The photorefractive effect is a phenomenon in which the local index of refraction is changed by the spatial variation of the light intensity. Although the phrase 'photorefractive effect' has traditionally been used for such effects in electro-optic materials, unconventional materials, including photopolymers, holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals (H-PDLC) and photosensitive glasses, have been developed in recent years and are playing increasingly important roles in optical fibre communication systems. Photonic devices made of these materials can easily be incorporated into an optical fibre system because of their low index of refraction and their relatively easy processing techniques. In this paper, we describe the applications of photopolymers, H-PDLCs and fibre Bragg gratings in fibre optic devices. Specifically, we will review our recent work on photonic devices such as filters, switches and dispersion compensators for WDM systems.


Protein phosphorylation regulates numerous cellular processes. Identifying the substrates and protein kinases involved is vital to understand how these important posttranslational modi fi cations modulate biological function in eukaryotic cells. Pyrophosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of inorganic phosphate (PP i ) to inorganic phosphate P i , driving biosynthetic reactions; they are essential for low cytosolic inorganic phosphate. It was suggested recently that posttranslational regulation of Family I soluble inorganic pyrophosphatases (sPPases) may affect their activity. We previously demonstrated that two pollen- expressed sPPases, Pr-p26.1a and Pr-p26.1b, from the fl owering plant Papaver rhoeas were inhibited by phosphorylation. Despite the potential signi fi cance, there is a paucity of data on sPPase phosphorylation and regulation. Here, we used liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry to map phosphorylation sites to the otherwise divergent amino-terminal extensions on these pollen sPPases. Despite the absence of reports in the literature on mapping phosphorylation sites on sPPases, a database survey of various proteomes identi fi ed a number of examples, suggesting that phosphorylation may be a more widely used mechanism to regulate these enzymes. Phosphomimetic mutants of Pr-p26.1a/b signi fi cantly and differentially reduced PPase activities by up to 2.5-fold at pH 6.8 and 52% in the presence of Ca 2+ and hydrogen peroxide over unmodi fi ed proteins. This indicates that phosphoregulation of key sites can inhibit the catalytic responsiveness of these proteins in concert with key intracellular events. As sPPases are essential for many metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells, our fi ndings identify the phosphorylation of sPPases as a potential master regulatory mechanism that could be used to attenuate metabolism.


In this paper we consider an approach to solve the problem of finding monochromatic s-t paths in edge-colored graphs. This approach is based on constructing logical models for the problem.


In State v. Russell , 238 So. 3d 1105 (Miss. 2017), the Supreme Court of Mississippi reversed and remanded the Sunflower County Circuit Court's order to vacate the defendant's death sentence following an Atkins hearing that was ruled to be flawed because the prosecution had not been afforded the


Thirty-eight surficial deposit samples were collected from the equatorial North Pacific, and the natural thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of both bulk and clay fraction samples ( < 2 mu m fractions) were studied by the FJ427 - Al automatic TL Dosimeter for the first time. With the measurements of clay mineral composition, element composition by XRD and ICP, the correlations between TL intensity and sedimentary environment proxies were analyzed, such as water depth, ratio of FeO to Fe2O3 contents, LOI, and major clay mineral concentration, and it was found the bulk sample's TL signal was stronger than the clay ones. Usually, increase in the clay components may result in the decrease of TL intensity. From the shape of TL curves, the pelagic sediments can be divided into two groups: the majority group has two glow peaks, in general, the first peak is broad and flat, but the second narrow and sharp; the minority group only has a single peak because the first is absent. The peak centers of TL curves are almost fixed, falling in the temperature sections 230 similar to 260 and 390 similar to 405 degrees C respectively. Lorentz model packed in the Origin 7.5 was chosen to deal with the TL curves. From the processing results, three parameters ( H, C and A), corresponding to the height, center, and kurtosis of TL curve, were obtained to describe the curve characteristics. The correlations between TL curve parameters and sedimentary environment proxies were also calculated. On the basis of the above work, the relationship between TL characteristics and sediment type, mineral composition, sedimentary environment of surface sediments was discussed in the study area, and a conclusion is: sediments from the environment of shallower water, higher organic contents and weaker reductivity have stronger TL signals.


Aesop's fables are used to gather HR fables and these fables are told mainly in the words of the protagonists of these moral stories, HR practitioners. Leaving the moral meaning of the fables for the reader to interpret so the reader can ethically connect with the morality of HR work, the personal narratives of practitioners and their humanity, the fables conclude with a critical commentary by the author, the promotion of a human virtue and HR moral maxim. The article, itself, then ends with an explanation of the research methodology adopted to compile the HR fables.


This study compared the reading performance of subjects using a prototype, head-mounted laser display, a closed-circuit television (CCTV), and a prescribed optical reading device. The prototype yielded reading speeds that are comparable to optical devices but slower than a CCTV The brightness and clarity of the laser display have potential for the development of future low vision devices.


In the market economy, the entities are, in an objective way, obliged to be preoccupied with the reduction of costs, taking into consideration the relationship of independence and indirect proportionality between the level of production costs and profit. The laws of competition oblige to the limitation of the waste channels, to the introduction of performant tehnological and tehnical solutions, to the systematic development of the work productivity. Because of this, we appreciated that is advisable that also in the extraction of lignite, we should determine a correct production cost, according to which should be possible the identification of the cost optimization possibilities. On the other hand, the effective cost of the lignite has a major importance because it represents the price which is registered in the accountancy, and, at the same time, through its size, concreted in stocks, it influences the total of the circulant actives and the net active, and the financial result of the exercise. These aspects can be arguments for the option of approaching this work's theme, in which there are analised the following problems: the general structure and the particularities of the production cost in lignite extraction and the directions for the minimization of the effective production cost, including for the applying of the standard-cost method.


The aim of this paper is to apply the well-known ordinary differential operator to certain multivalent functions which are analytic in the certain domains of the complex plane and then to determine some criteria concerning analytic and geometric properties of the related complex functions.


This research, a longitudinal study, aims to determine the effectiveness of formal music training on cognitive development of 3 to 4 year-old children from Head Start, with a special focus on language. For two years the experimental group (n = 80) received formal music classes for 20 minutes, three times a week. Early childhood non-music teachers were trained and mentored by music educators to teach music classes during their scheduled teaching time. Control group children (n = 133) did not receive formal music classes and their teachers did not receive music education training. The Child Observation Record (COR) from HighScope was used to assess child development. This assessment battery was administered six times during the study. The findings demonstrate that music training can make a significant difference in children's overall development, including the language domain.


This study examined the latent structure of interpersonal evaluation space from both dimensional and typological points of view, considering typological approach to be a complement of the dimensional. The Interpersonal Evaluation Questionnaire (containing 72 items, with 5-degree Likert scales, measuring the desirability of behaviour and personal characteristics of other people) was administered to the sample of 398 respondents of both sexes, aged 15 - 61. According to the Scree criterion, 8 principal components were extracted, which were interpreted as communicativeness, good manners, aggressiveness, self - love, leadership, kindness, reserve and intrusiveness. Second-order analysis singled out two factors, the first one representing the evaluation of the characteristics usually perceived as positive in social interaction, and the second one representing the evaluation of characteristics which make communication between equals difficult. Although the dimensions of interpersonal evaluation do not fit the circumplex structure, their content is similar to the content of Wiggins' dimensions. Using Ward's method of hierarchical cluster analysis, assuming that the evaluation of others reflects both basic personality structure and the characteristic pattern of personality processes, three prototypical personality organizations were identified: the group oriented towards power, the group oriented towards affiliation and the hostile group. The differences between the results of this study and the results obtained by self - estimation were determined by the evaluative nature of the process of estimating others.


since Lombroso, psychologists, sociologists, and criminologists have attempted to predict delinquent behavior by means of a variety of paper and pencil tests and similar measures. These include the Activity Vector Analysis (Clarke and Hasler, 1967), the MMPI (Hathaway and Monochesi, 1953), the Porteus Mazes (Porteus, 1945), the Id-Ego-Superego Test (Mangold, 1966), the Rorschach (Ichimura, 1966), knowledge of criminal argot (Gibson, 1966), the Kvaraceus Delinquency Scale and Checklist (Bechtold, 1964; Kvaraceus, 1954), the California Personality Inventory (Gough, 1965; Gough and Peterson, 1952), and a variety of others. All the foregoing are personality tests or other devices in which the purpose of the testing is disguised: an examinee is not likely to suspect that the instrument is designed to measure his or her tendency toward delinquency. Almost all these are °


Background Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo-CRT) in combination with surgery increases survival compared to surgery alone, as indicated by the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treatment recommendations. However, the benefits of neo-CRT are diverse among patients. Consequently, the development of new biomarkers that correlate with neo-CRT might be important for the treatment of ESCC. Methods The differentially expressed genes (DEG) between responsive and resistant samples from the GSE45670 dataset were obtained. On the TCGA dataset, survival analysis was performed to identify prognosis-related-EMT-genes. For EMT score model construction, lasso regression analysis in the TCGA cohort was used to identify the genes. In the TCGA-ESCC cohort, age, stage, and EMT score were used to construct a nomogram. Results In total, 10 prognosis-related-EMT-genes were obtained. These 10 genes consisted of 6 risky genes and 4 protective genes. Based on the lasso analysis and univariate Cox regression, an EMT score model consisting of 7 genes (CLEC18A, PIR, KCNN4, MST1R, CAPG, ALDH5A1, and COX7B) was identified. ESCC patients with a high EMT score have a worse prognosis. These genes were differentially expressed between responsive and resistant patients and had a high accuracy for distinguishing resistant and responsive patients. Conclusions The identified genes have the potential to function as molecular biomarkers for predicting ESCC patients' resistance to neo-CRT. This research may aid in the elucidation of the molecular processes driving resistance and the identification of targets for improving the prognosis for ESCC.


We report on a compact UV-laser with a short pulse length of 1.9 ns at 236 nm. A passively Q-switched quasi-three-level Nd:YAG laser at 946 nm acts as the pump source. UV pulses are produced by two consecutive single-pass frequency doubling events, the first one from IR to blue with a BIBO crystal and the second one from blue to deep-UV with a beta-BBO crystal. Conversion efficiency from 946 nm to 473 nm is 28% and from blue to UV 7%. Average power for UV is 7.6 mW with a energy and peak power of 230 nJ, and 120 W respectively.


The Department for Education (DfE) commissioned the Institute for Employment Research at Warwick University to undertake a review of relevant literature and evidence into choices that students make between different post-18 vocational, academic and technical, and whether these choices are effective and reliably informed. There were four main research question areas: How are choices made between higher education (HE), further education (FE) and apprenticeship routes? How are choices made within these three routes? What role does finance, and information about finance, play? How are choices made by mature students? The report includes a focused literature search that found 143 sources for review. Findings are discussed within the following themes: (1) choice between FE, HE and apprenticeships; (2) choice within FE, HE and apprenticeships; (3) financial considerations; and (4) mature students.


Abstract:Our multi-institutional study addresses the question: How do college students' backgrounds, collegiate engagement, and perceptions of the campus climate relate to the development of an activist orientation? Activism is framed as engagement in collective, sociopolitical action and measured using the Activism Orientation Scale (AOS). Meaningful engagement with peers and perceiving a positive climate for contributing to a larger community supported students' propensity to engage in activism. Two key findings were inconsistent with previous scholarship. Participation in service-learning courses and the climate for perspective taking were negatively associated with activism. Findings suggest heterogeneity among civic outcomes, recognizing that some outcomes may exist in tension.