Background: Here we present a case of 56 year old female who presented with mild shortness of breath and right side pain. Chest tomography indicated bilateral bullous pulmonary lesions as the causal of the patient's discomfort and pain. The patient had familial history of cancer and pneumothorax, and had undergone surgery on the left lung due to bullous lesion and pneumothorax. The patient has been operated in our clinic due to right lung bullous lesions; resected bullous tissue has been evaluated histologically in a further center. Objectives: Birt Hogg Dubè (BHD) syndrome is an inherited genodermatosis. Spontaneous pneumothorax and pulmonary bullous lesions, renal cyst or tumor has a triad with lesions on the skin. We aimed to evaluate the patients presenting recurren primary spontaneous pneumothorax with family history of pneumothorax and with having atypical bullae localization for BHD syndrome. Conclusions: Patients with BHD syndrome must be subject to routine cancer screening and watchful waiting due to the fact that lung, gastrointestinal, ovarian, breast and pancreatic cancer and especially renal cancer risk is very high when compared to the society. *Corresponding author: Arife Zeybek, Asistant Professor, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mugla Sıtkı Koçman University, School of Medicine, Turkey, Tel: 90 252 2114855; E-mail: email@example.com Received September 04, 2013; Accepted October 30, 2013; Published November 01, 2013 Citation: Zeybek A, Şahan L, Çelik Öİ, Özbudak İH, Kalemci S (2013) Birt Hogg Dubè Syndrome: A Case Report. J Pulmon Resp Med S14: 008. doi:10.4172/2161105X.S14-008 Copyright: © 2013 Zeybek A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


• As technology progresses, the changes on the variables of interest get smaller. Researchers need to know that the change of interest (for example, 1% increase in thermodynamic efficiency) are measureable and not within the uncertainty of the measurement.• The uncertainty of the operating condition of the facility directly impacts the uncertainty of the measured variable.


A TOTAL of 1,765 transseptal left atrial I I punctures was carried out, representing 14.3% of the total 12,367 studies. As is evident from table 1, transseptal left heart catheterization was performed relatively infrequently in infants and young children, in whom a patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect often allows entrance into the left atrium. In 1,668 instances (94% of the total transseptal studies) the procedure was carried out percutaneously through the femoral vein. In 93 instances (5.3% of the total), it was performed through a cut-down on the saphenous vein. In the remaining four patients, a cut-down


At present, high impedance faults (HIF) on distribution networks still present the most persistent and challenging problem to protection engineers. This is because this fault type does not produce a fault current large enough to be detectable by conventional protection devices such as over-current relays, reclosers or fuses. Prolonged arcing and flashing at the point of contact due to HIF presents a serious safety and fire risk. The current signals generated by high impedance faults consist of the fundamental (50Hz) and harmonic components and they are all time-varying because of the non-linear nature of the fault arc and intermittency. Nevertheless, it is possible to detect HIFs based on the spectral contents of the signal. The important requirement for such a HIF detector is that the input to it should be faithfully reproduced by the sensor. This paper demonstrates that existing current transformers (CT) in the distribution network are suitable for use to acquire signals as input to the HIF detection system. The frequency response of the CT up to 10 kHz is investigated. Experiments are set up in the laboratory to study the effects of large normal 50Hz load currents (several hundreds of amps) on the frequency response measurement of small amplitude HIF current (in the order of ten amps).


This study aims to explore microstructure and elementary variation of fly ash from one Shanghai municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plant on the one hand and analyze leaching toxicity of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu during heating process. SEM-EDS was performed on fly ash of room temperature and those sintered at 700¿, 800¿, 900¿, 1,000¿, and 1,100¿ respectively, and leaching toxicity of four heavy metals analyzed by horizontal vibration extraction procedure (HVEP). It is found that structure of fly ash is strengthened with increase of temperature, which is conducive to stabilization of heavy metals. Crystal content increases from room temperature to 800¿ and then decreases in the heating process, while content of glass phases has a reverse trend. Ca and O content variation has a similar trend, while Cl has a reverse trend with them. Their leaching toxicity in fly ash sintered at temperatures over 900¿ is lower than the limit value described in "Identification Standard of Hazardous Waste—Identification of Leaching Toxicity". Finally, 1000¿ is recommended to treat MSWI fly ash.


We study linear programming with box constraints on all variables (in addition to other linear constraints). Following research of Fujishige et al., we consider this problem as finding an intersection between a line and a specially constructed zonotope. This approach allows us to explore a variety of projection-type optimization algorithms, where we do not need to rely on the solution of linear equations.


Recourse to timed borehole fluid logging after tracer tests (dilution technique) makes it possible to determine, in a mathematical manner, the flow rate and filtration speed up to values of 10-5 m/sec in the case of an induced or natural flow. It also makes possible the continuous recording of variations in these parameters according to the depth. With the help of a tracer, usually NaCI, the variation over time of the electrolytic borehole fluid is studied.


Introduction: Changing patterns of health professional governance ~ Ellen Kuhlmann and Mike Saks Part One: New directions in the governance of healthcare: Protecting patients: international trends in medical governance ~ Judith Allsop and Kathryn Jones Global markets and national pathways of medical re-regulation ~ Viola Burau and Karsten Vrangbaek Governing beyond markets and managerialism: professions as mediators ~ Ellen Kuhlmann Trust relations and changing professional governance: theoretical challenges ~ Michael Calnan and Rosemary Rowe Professionalism meets entrepreneurialism and managerialism ~ Rosalie A.Boyce Part Two: Drivers and barriers to integration: health policies and professional development: Collaborative care and professional boundaries: maternity care in Canada ~ Ivy Lynn Bourgeault and Elizabeth Darling Interprofessional relationships: nurses and doctors in Slovenia ~ Majda Pahor Educating generalists: auxiliary nursing and professional identity in Finland ~ Sirpa Wrede Culture matters: integration of folk medicine into healthcare in Russia ~ Elena Iarskaia-Smirnova and Pavel Romanov Policy dynamics: marginal groups in the healthcare division of labour in the UK ~ Mike Saks Part Three: Workforce dynamics: gender, migration and mobility: Free riders in a fluid system: gender traps in the nursing profession in Norway ~ Rannveig Dahle and Gry Skogheim From health to tourism: being mobile in the wellness sector in Hungary ~ Katalin Formadi Migration and occupational integration: foreign health professionals in Portugal ~ Joana Sousa Ribeiro Professionals in transition: physicians' careers, migration and gender in Lithuania ~ Elianne Riska and Aurelija Novelskaite Conclusion: Health policy and workforce dynamics: the future ~ Ellen Kuhlmann and Mike Saks.


A 0-4 kv pulse amplifier has been constructed for field ion microscopy. The circuit employed was a triode amplifier, powered by a 5 kv full-wave voltage doubler, triggered by a General Radio 1217-B pulse generator and capacitively coupled to the field ion microscope via a 30 kv, 0.01 μF capacitor. The circuit produces either negative or positive field evaporation pulses. The usable minimum pulse time was found to be in the range 10-20 μs for this amplifier design.


By using artificial intelligence theory, some aircraft electric power system has been analyzed. This paper has give fault tree of abnormal exciting current. Knowledge base and inference engine for electric power system has been established and fault diagnosis expert system for aircraft electrical power system has been designed. Fault diagnosis can be carried out and the information of abnormality or fault can be given. By using the expert system, the experience to diagnose fault has been presented for all non-alionics system.


ABSTRACT An implicit finite volume solver is developed for the steady-state solution of generalised Newtonian fluids on unstructured meshes in 2D. The pseudo-compressibility technique is employed to couple the continuity and momentum equations by transforming the governing equations into a hyperbolic system. A second-order accurate spatial discretisation is provided by performing a least-squares gradient reconstruction within each control volume of unstructured meshes. A central flux function is used for the convective terms and a solution jump term is added to the averaged component for the viscous terms. Global implicit time-stepping using successive evolution–relaxation is utilised to accelerate the convergence to steady-state solutions. The performance of our flow solver is examined for power-law and Carreau–Yasuda non-Newtonian fluids in different geometries. The effects of model parameters and Reynolds number are studied on the convergence rate and flow features. Our results verify second-order accuracy of the discretisation and also fast and efficient convergence to the steady-state solution for a wide range of flow variables.


Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics of children and adults with moyamoya disease. Methods: We reviewed the moyamoya cases diagnosed from 1995 to 2001, and analyzed the following elements: clinical features, neuroimages and follow-up data. Results: ①The chief complaints on admission are fever, convulsion and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) in children, and loss of consciousness, hemiplegia, cranial nerve involvement and headache in adults,②73.3% of children showed infarction on CT and MRI, while 77.7% of adults showed hemorrhage.③Compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) tends to overestimate the stenosis especially in children and underestimate moyamoya vessels particularly in adults (P0.05). ④The persistent motor deficit was the most common permanent manifestation in children, while hemiplegia, intellectual deterioration and cranial nerve involvement were the most common in adults. Conclusion: Child and adult patients with moyamoya disease tend to have differential clinical characteristics, neuroimages and permanent manifestations.


It is common sense the relevance of overlap and grouping functions, specially in applications in which associativity is not required. In this work, based on previous investigations concerning classes of implication functions derived from overlap functions O, grouping functions G and fuzzy negations N (namely, (G, N)-implications, RO-implications and QL-implications constructed from (O, G, N)), a deep study on D-implications constructed from grouping functions G is carried out. Such fuzzy implications, also known as Dishkant implications, are obtained from D-operations derived from (O, G, N), which are used for the generalization of the implication p → q ≡ q∨(¬p∧¬q) of orthomodular lattices. We investigate under which conditions such D-operations are fuzzy implication functions, presenting a general form for obtaining D-implications. We also provide a comparative study of D-implications derived from grouping functions and other classes of fuzzy implications constructed from N, O and G, analysing the intersections among such classes.


Climate change adaptation has become the current focus of research due to the remarkable potential of climate change to alter the spatial and temporal distribution of global water availability. Although reservoir operation is a potential adaptation option, earlier studies explicitly demonstrated only its historical quantitative effects. Therefore, this article evaluated the possibility of reservoir operation from an adaptation viewpoint for regulating the future flow using the H08 global hydrological model with the Chao Phraya River basin as a case study. This basin is the largest river system in Thailand and has often been affected by extreme weather challenges in the past. Future climate scenarios were constructed from the bias‐corrected outputs of three general circulation models from 2080 to 2099 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The important conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows: (i) the operation of existing and hypothetical (i.e., construction under planning) reservoirs cannot reduce the future high flows below the channel carrying capacity, although it can increase low flows in the basin. This indicates that changes in the magnitude of future high flow due to climate change are likely to be larger than those achieved by reservoir operation and there is a need for other adaptation options. (ii) A combination of reservoir operation and afforestation was considered as an adaptation strategy, but the magnitude of the discharge reduction in the wet season was still smaller than the increase caused by warming. This further signifies the necessity of combining other structural, as well as non‐structural, measures. Overall, this adaptation approach for assessing the effect of reservoir operation in reducing the climate change impacts using H08 model can be applied not only in the study area but also in other places where climate change signals are robust.


The article studies the problems of using transitive possibilities for the development of the logistics potential of territories. The solution of this task involves the development of an appropriate theoretical framework, a methodology for assessing the logistics potential of a territory, considered as an economic resource of a territory from the standpoint of external and internal factors of its implementation. In the context of the country's integration into the international economic system, the need arises to assess the logistics potential of the regions as an important component of socioeconomic monitoring.


Abstract : The MK 92 MOD 2 Fire Control System (FCS) is a fast reaction, lightweight, low manned, high performance multi-function fire control system that gives a ship all the combat functions required for independent tactical operation. The MK 92 MOD 2 FCS Maintenance Advisor Expert System (MAES) was proposed to assist Fire Control technicians in the troubleshooting of this complex fire control system. This thesis addresses the development of a fully functional prototype expert system that provides troubleshooting expertise for performance parameter deficiencies noted in the Daily System Operability Test (DSOT). Specific issues covered include: scope of the project, project background, the expert system development life cycle, hardware and software selection, knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge implementation and lessons learned in the process.


In leader-follower formation flying, using the leader's rate of rotation, the follower calculates the target attitude and rate of rotation, which are necessary to relative attitude control. In the process of information collecting, computing and transmitting, time delay exists that causes information delay. To deal with it, rate and attitude estimators are presented which provide target rate and attitude real time. Then a PID control law for small satellite with reaction wheels is developed based on them. Simulation results show the approach is valid


The present invention relates to a fine pattern forming method of the semiconductor device, a line shape to form a first hard mask layer and second hard mask layer to the semiconductor substrate etching layer formed above and connecting the cell unit active region in the major axis direction of claim 2 to form a hard mask layer pattern, and then, the second one forming the front spacer insulating film including a hard mask layer pattern to form a flattened gaeppil insulating film exposing the spacer insulating film, and then, the to the gaeppil insulating film as a mask. removing the spacer insulating film to form a contact hole forms between the major axis direction of the active region located cell, the formation of the photosensitive film pattern patterned on the active region of the peripheral circuit portion, and then to reduce the between l thereof CD the photoresist pattern wherein as a mask the photoresist pattern is etched the second hard mask layer pattern, the insulating film and the spacer insulating gaeppil A technique of forming a fine pattern by a first step of forming a hard mask layer pattern, a pitch can not be implemented in an exposure equipment to them to mask.


Relaxation of the 1A1 [graphic omitted] 5T2 spin equilibrium in acetonitrile of the complex of FeII with the multidentate pyridyl macrocyclic ligand N,N′,N″-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclodecane (tp[10]aneN3) after perturbation by a pulsed laser provides the first example of biphasic kinetics for spin crossover in solution with a fast (τ < 30 ns) temperature-independent process coupled to a slower, temperature-dependent step; barrierless spin change is so far unique among spin equilibrium systems.


The advent of android operating systems introduced tools to keep track of users' information activities and prevent information leakage which bridged the trust between application developers and consumers. A review of related literature shows that several phenomena had been developed to prevent malicious applications from stealing personal sensitive information from smart phones but there is still the need for efficient solutions. This study presents a literature review of works on content Analyzers for information leakage detection and prevention on android-based devices. The review will help to combine different concept to minimize false positives that will in turn lead to increase in code coverage towards detecting the maximum number of data leaks.


Mallet finger also called drop or baseball finger is a deformity of the finger caused by detachment of the extensor mechanism from the base of the distal phalanx, either directly or in association with a fracture. The commonest cause of this injury is a violent flexion or laceration of the dorsum of the finger at the level of the distal inter-phalangeal joint. It is most commonly seen when the finger is struck on the tip resulting in rupture of the extensor tendon or avulsion of the tendon with or without a small fragment of bone from the insertion. If left untreated this lesion causes the distal phalanx to droop and leaves a mallet finger deformity.


A discrete-event simulation model of a mechanized forest harvest system was evaluated with special attention given to the effectiveness of using statistical distributions derived from field-study data as input. The simulation language, Promodel PC, demonstrated the wide variability in weekly production that can be expected even under similar operating conditions. The simulation model was particularly well suited to tracking the flow of materials during the processing steps. Because the field-study data had been collected without anticipating its use as input to a simulation model, the capability of the model to simulate different operation situations was severely limited. A process in which data collection and model building are interactive is recommended for improving both field studies and simulations.


The hypothesis of a bandwidth/fidelity trade‐off among personality‐descriptive categories that differ in level was investigated for 25 personality‐descriptive categories. Two measures of inclusiveness, a rating of category breadth and the grammatical form of the category descriptor (verb or adjective), correlated substantially. Bandwidth and fidelity of the categories were measured by analysing the distributions of prototypicality ratings in a sample of naturally occurring activities. It was found that broad categories refer to more exemplars than narrow categories, whereas the exemplars of narrow categories are more prototypical. Such a bandwidth/fidelity trade‐off however, is not found for adjectives and verbs. Rather, adjectives have a lower fidelity but not a broader bandwidth than verbs, and they are therefore the less informative behaviour descriptors.


In studying numerical analysis, we move from dealing with ints and longs to floats and doubles. This seemingly innocent transition comprises a huge shift in how we must think about algorith-mic design and implementation. Unlike the basics of discrete algorithms, we no longer can expect our algorithms to yield exact solutions in all cases. " Big O " and operation counting do not always reign supreme; instead, even in understanding the most basic techniques we are forced to study the trade off between timing, approximation error, and so on. Recall that computers generally store data in binary format. In particular, each digit of a positive integer corresponds to a different power of two. For instance, we might convert 463 to binary using the following table:


The computational requirements of different decoding strategies for the error correction of the cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon code used in compact disc (CD) optical mass-storage devices are first studied in detail. From this investigation, an architecture for a simple programmable arithmetic processor suitable for rapidly and flexibly implementing the various time-domain decoding strategies is proposed. With current technology, it is envisaged that the fast processor will be able to correct four erasure byte errors or correct two byte errors at unknown locations in less than 4 μs. At this speed, a Reed-Solomon decoder for CD devices has a throughput of about 2 Mbytes/s. While it is fast, the processor can also be easily implemented as it consists of only two independent sets of registers, about 20 kbit of ROM for storing the values of some commonly used functions, a multiplier and an adder.


The performance of a full-scale rotating biological contactor used for the oxidation of ferrous iron by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in drainage waters was studied. It has been shown that high volumetric rates, up to 2.5 g/Lh can be obtained. We also examined the effects of input ferrous iron concentration and liquid retention time on reactor performance. It has been shown that when the input iron concentration increased, volumetric reaction rate increased while substrate conversion decreased. In general, the rotating biological contractor is a promising tool for the biological treatment of acid mine drainage containing ferrous iron.


Chick embryo cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) were able to grow in suspension, either as colonies when trapped in nutrient agar, or in spinner cultures using liquid medium. Two strains of RSV, RSV (RAV‐1) and Schmidt‐Ruppin RSV, were able to increase the ability of chick embryo cells to grow in suspension but Rous‐associated virus (RAV‐1) and polyoma virus were not. Cells growing in suspension supported high levels of RSV production and a simple method for propagating large amounts of virus is suggested. Suspended noninfected cells, which do not grow extensively, lose their ability to be infected by RSV, suggesting that cellular divisions must be in progress for successful infection by RSV.


In order to shorten the learning curve and simplify the complex in current CAD system, one direct approach is to provide a more intuitive way of interaction. This paper proposes an interactive pen tool, which transforms the actions in real space into the virtual three-dimensional CAD system space. Augmented Reality technology is used to track the operator's action in the real world. The design and principle of the interactive tool are introduced in detail. In addition, the experimental system is provided to illustrate a simple process of curves designing and the statistics result of tracking error is also given.


In this paper, we look at reusing existing packet-based network (e.g. Ethernet) to possibly decrease deployment costs of fronthaul Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) network and cost of Baseband Unit (BBU) resources. The challenge of this solution is that it requires mobile traffic (until now transmitted over synchronous protocols) to traverse the asynchronous Ethernet without losing synchronization. We analyze synchronization requirements of mobile networks and present an overview of solutions that fulfill them in traditional mobile networks. Then we elaborate on challenges that packet-based fronthaul imposes. We analyze possible contributions to frequency and phase error. We verify the feasibility of using the IEEE 1588v2 also know as Precision Time Protocol (PTP) for providing accurate phase and frequency synchronization. The study is based on simulations made in OPNET modeler. Thereby we bridge the gap between Ethernet and mobile network domains creating a comprehensive architectural analysis.


In this Paper, Partial Discharge analysis is performed in cavities artificially created in Insulation. The setup is according with Cigre-II Method. Circular Samples created from Perspex Sheet with different configuration with changing number of cavities. Assessment of insulation health can be performed by Partial Discharge measurement as this has been found to be important means of condition monitoring. The experiments are done using MPD 540, which is a modern partial discharge measurement system. By analyzing the PD activity obtained for various voids/cavities, it is observed that the PD voltages show variation for cavity's diameter, depth even for its ratios. This can be employed for scrutiny of insulation system.


The successful penetration of endothelial basement membranes is an important process in the formation of hematogenous tumor metastases. Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan is a major constituent of endothelial basement membranes, and we have found that HS‐degradative activities of metastatic B16 melanoma sublines correlate with their lung‐colonizing potentials. The melanoma HS‐degrading enzyme is a unique endo‐β‐D‐glucuronidase (heparanase) that cleaves HS at specific intrachain sites and is detectable in a variety of cultured human malignant melanomas. The treatment of B16 melanoma cells with heparanase inhibitors that have few other biological activities, such as N‐acetylated N‐desulfated heparin, results in significant reductions in the numbers of experimental lung metastases in syngeneic mice, indicating that heparanase plays an important role in melanoma metastasis. HS‐degrading endoglycosidases are not tumor‐specific and have been found in several normal tissues and cells. There are at least three types of endo‐β‐D‐glucuronidases based on their substrate specificities. Melanoma heparanase, an Mr ∼96,000 enzyme with specificity for β‐D‐glucuronosyl‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl linkages in HS, is different from platelet and mastocytoma endoglucuronidases. Elevated levels of heparanase have been detected in sera from metastatic tumor‐bearing animals and malignant melanoma patients, and a correlation exists between serum heparanase activity and extent of metastases. The results suggest that heparanase is potentially a useful marker for tumor metastasis.


Capps, Professor of Pastoral Care and Psychology of Religion at the Graduate Seminary, Phillips University, sets forth what he per ceives as the common features of the sermon and the counseling session. He suggests that the counseling session consists of four elements: (1) identification of the problem, (2) reconstruction of the problem, (3) diagnostic interpretation, (4) pastoral intervention. Although Capps is careful to state that he does not advocate that the sermon is simply an act of counseling, as Fosdick maintained, he does argue that the four structural elements listed above are similar in the sermon as well as in the counseling session. To demonstrate his premise, Capps analyzes the sermon structure of selected sermons by John Wesley, Martin Luther King, Jr., John Henry Newman, and Austin Farrer. This study is very helpful, but it is unlikely that every sermon can always be pressed into this structural pattern.


Bronwen Low, Chloe Brushwood Rose and Paula M. Salvio's deceptively small book 'Communitybased Media Pedagogies: Relational Practices of Listening in the Commons' (2017) makes a thoughtful contribution to the work on digital storytelling as participatory youth media production. There are three themes in the book which expand our understanding of story work and that I would like to engage with in more detail: (1) the notion of intersubjective listening and whether or how it can be taught; (2) the stories and storytellers who 'make trouble'; and (3) the question of audience and what it does to storytellers and the stories they tell.


What is light? Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) believed that light consists of "corpuscles" that emanated from the eye to illuminate the world. Today we favor the theory of quantum mechanics (e.g., Hecht and Zajac 1987) or perhaps the possibility that light may be vibrations in the fifth dimension of ten-dimensional hyperspace (e.g., Kaku 1994). Even so, the true nature of light remains a mystery. It is perhaps appropriate that the preeminent dictionary of the English language describes light as:


In this paper, a leader-following consensus problem of second-order multiple autonomous underwater vehicles recovery system with time-varying delay includes the time delay between AUV and AUV and the time delay between AUV and mothership is considered. The linearization dynamic model of AUV is obtained by the linear method. The mothership is regarded as the leader which is equipped with more accurate sensors. Leader-following coordinated control is used to solve multi-AUVs recovery problem. The stability of the multi-AUVs recovery system is derived by a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional with communication delay. An example with simulation is presented to illustrate the theoretical results.


AIM
We aimed to explore the roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from serum of patients with endometrial cancer.

MATERIALS & METHODS
EVs were isolated from serum samples of three patients with stage III adenocarcinoma aged 50-60 years and three matched healthy controls. RNA was extracted from the EVs and analyzed using RNA-seq technique.

RESULTS
We got 209 upregulated circRNAs and 66 downregulated circRNAs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed circRNAs were enriched in five pathways. The expression level of hsa_circ_0109046 and hsa_circ_0002577 was confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR.

CONCLUSION
We identified 275 differentially expressed circRNAs and the expression level of two circRNAs was confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR.


SUMMARY

From a study of forty compounds related to the systemic fungicide N,N'-bis(1–formamido-2,2,2–trichloroethyl)-piperazine, known as triforine (CELAW524), it was found that a new compound, N-(2,2,2–trichloro-1–methoxyethyl)-formamide, controls Erysiphe graminis on wheat when applied to the roots in sand. A number of N-(2,2,2–trichloro-1–aryloxyethyl)-form-amides and alkyl N-(2,2,2–trichloro-1–arylaminoethyl)-carbamates protect broad beans against Uromyces fabae and wheat against Erysiphe graminis; some of these formamides show slight activity when applied to plant roots.


The invention relates to a microneedle drug monitoring system, and also a microneedle device when provided with the drug monitoring system, comprising the selective and sequential coating of microneedles with layers of indicator material and therapeutic agent.


Meisler et al. (1) recently described for the first time a two-generation family with bipolar disorder (BD) carrying the Chromosome 9 Open Reading Frame 72 (C9ORF72) hexanucleotide repeat expansion. Besides the classical phenotypes associated with the mutation, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyothrophic lateral sclerosis (2, 3), this mutation has been described in patients with psychotic symptoms, particularly hallucinations and delusions, either evolving in FTLD (4–6) or as primary psychiatric disorders in the absence of clinical sign suspicious of FTLD (7). To follow up the initial findings by Meisler and colleagues, we analyzed two BD populations for the presence of the mutation. The first cohort included 206 German patients (74 male, 131 female, and one gender unknown) recruited at the Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of W€ urzburg (W€ urzburg, Germany). The mean ( standard deviation) age at disease onset was 30 14 years (range: 14–63 years). The second cohort consisted of 100 Italian patients (51 male, 41 female, and eight gender unknown) recruited at the Psychiatry Unit of the University of Milan, Fondazione C a Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (Milan, Italy). Diagnoses were made according to current DSM criteria (8). The hexanucleotide repeat expansion was analyzed by repeated primed polymerase chain reaction, as previously described (4). The pathogenic expansion was detected in one German patient (0.5% of the German sample), but not in any of the Italian patients with BD. The patient carrying the expansion, who was female and single, had good social and occupational adjustment and presented for the first time with depression at the age of 37 years, followed by mania with irritable/dysphoric features with psychotic symptoms in the same year. She was diagnosed with bipolar I disorder and experienced three depressive episodes, two manic episodes, and one mixed episode in the next 10 years. She showed good response to lithium treatment, according to an Alda score of 7 (9), and there were no psychotic symptoms or any documented suicide attempts. No comorbid diagnoses were noted, and her neurological status was also unremarkable. At the time of her diagnosis, her family history was apparently negative for both psychiatric disorders and dementia. Nevertheless, a few years later she reported that her father had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Parents of the proband were not available for determination of inheritance. By studying two independent samples of patients with BD, we herein confirm that the C9ORF72 repeat expansion is a rare possible cause of BD. The frequency of the mutation, based on the data of Meisler et al. (1) and the present study, can be estimated to be about 0.5–1.0% of BD cases. The case we have described was apparently sporadic at the time of first symptoms, as the family history for psychiatric disorders or dementia was unremarkable, but over time the patient's father developed Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, selecting BD cases for C9ORF72 genetic testing on the basis of the family history could be misleading. To date, the patient carrying the mutation, who was 46 years old at the last clinical interview, has not developed dementia, although we cannot rule out that she will do so later in life. Most notably, two cases of genetic FTLD with premorbid BD due to the presence of a mutation in the progranulin gene have also been described (10), suggesting a pathophysiological overlap between BD and FTLD not only in the context of the C9ORF72 repeat expansion. Further investigations on larger samples are warranted.


These three books complement each other in describing the truly astonishing growth of China's aid, investment, and trade in Sub-Saharan Africa since 2000. For China, foreign aid, investment, and trade are not really distinct categories. As Deborah Brautigam emphasizes, these parts are bound together by intricate financial arrangements under China's Export-Import Bank with other commercial arrangements orchestrated by the Ministry of Commerce, within which the Department of Foreign Aid is nested. Foster, Butterfield, Chen and Pushak are World Bank economists who bring additional data to bear on aid by China compared to Western sources. Stephan Halper focuses more on the political implications of the remarkable rise of China, and worries about the decline of the United States and its "Washington Consensus" as a model for developing countries.


The centenary anniversary of Dr. David Livingstone's death in 1973 occasioned a number of further additions to the already vast corpus of literature dealing with the renowned missionary-explorer's career. More importantly, the centennial observances resulted in an undertaking which promises to be a singular landmark in Livingstone studies as well as being of more general importance to Africanists in a variety of areas. This undertaking, which is described below in some detail by its principal researcher, Gary Clendennen, came to be known as the David Livingstone Documentation Project. Its first stage has now been completed with the publication of David Livingstone: A Catalogue of Documents. Clendennen provides ample information concerning the goals and the general development of the Project below, but some thoughts on its potential importance both to students of Livingstone and to Africanists interested in the milieu in which he worked also seemed to be worthy of mention. Accordingly, Clendennen's presentation is followed by my overview Of fields where we need further research on this pivotal figure in European contact with the interior of Africa and its peoples, together with some suggestions regarding how the material brought together by the Project can further such research.


Churchman 1 has demonstrated that gentian violet will inhibit the growth of most gram-positive bacteria. This fact has been applied to the treatment of infected joints, 2 empyema, 3 open wounds, 4 otitis media, 5 skin infections 6 and other conditions. It has been found 7 that gentian violet in1: 1,000,000 dilution will inhibit the growth of staphylococci. A dilution of 1: 50,000 has no deleterious effect on white blood cells that have been exposed to it for two hours. 8 A 1:20,000 dilution has no effect on growing tissues. 9 We have given 10 mg. per kilogram of body weight intravenously to rabbits (calculated dilution in the body fluids of 1: 70,000), with no effect except instant staining of the mucous membranes and sclerae. The staining later disappeared. We therefore felt justified in injecting gentian violet intravenously into an infant, aged 15 months, suffering from staphylococcus septicemia. This patient


The boson-fermion stars can be modeled with a complex scalar field coupled minimally to a perfect fluid (i.e., without viscosity and non-dissipative). We present a study of these solutions and their dynamical evolution by solving numerically the Einstein-Klein-Gordon-Hydrodynamic (EKGHD) system. It is shown that stable configurations exist, but stability of general configurations depends finely upon the number of bosons and fermions.


Co-founder and CEO/CTO of a startup that provided digital marketing services. Build a platform for fast, easy and cost effectively development of web applications running on mobile devices, triggered by QR codes and NFC tags. The technology is licensed to a British firm for further exploitation. Milestones: 2013 – Startupbootcamp @ Amsterdam, NL. The startup was selected among 250+ international startups that have applied for this accelerator project. 2013 Outreach Europe Program Startup Activation @ Trento, IT. QReca! and one more Greek startups were selected in that program from that region.


The theme of responsible investing is gaining popularity among both academicians and practitioners. Economic stability and social well-being of future generations depends largely upon where we invest our capital and how we ensure that such capital is used in the best interest of all the stakeholders as well as in the protection or minimum destruction to the environment which nourishes us all. In this paper, we have hypothesized that such investments can generate better return that other investments, since companies which care about these aspects have better environmental practices, social policies and sound corporate governance (ESG spectrum). Our results show that investments in global equities can help investors achieve significantly higher excess return if they consider investing within the ESG spectrum. The study indicates, investors can generate excess return (Alpha) if they invest in companies which are voluntarily adopting environmental sustainability, socially oriented policies and sound governance practices than in companies that do not.


The body responds to exercise training by profound adaptations throughout the cardiorespiratory and muscular systems, which may result in improvements in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and mitochondrial capacity. By convenience, mitochondrial respiration is often measured at supra‐physiological oxygen levels, an approach that ignores any potential regulatory role of mitochondrial affinity for oxygen (p50mito) at physiological oxygen levels.


The effects of biologically inspired leading-edge protuberances on aircraft wings were investigated by using a numerical scheme. Simulations were performed at a Reynolds number of 5:7 10 on wings with leading-edge sinusoidal protuberances and baseline configuration. All wings had the same cross section ofNACA2412. In all cases of the modified wings, a decrease in lift and an increase in drag at low angles of attack were observed. However, at high angles of attack ( 16 deg), the lift of themodifiedwingswas up to 48%greater than that of thebaselinewing, with 40% less drag or no drag penalty. The amplitude of protuberances significantly affects wing performance. Although the maximum lift generated by modified wings was lower than baseline, protuberances along the leading edge of the wing proved to have a profound advantage in obtaining higher lift at high angles of attack.


The two types of bulk doped thin films, the SnO 2:Pt film and the doubl e-layer SnO 2/SnO 2:Pt film, were prepared by powder sputtering. The sensitiv ity a nd the conductance of the films were measured under different CO volume fraction s. The power exponents for the two kinds of the films during CO sensing response were investigated. The influence of the working temperature and the film thickn ess on the power exponent was studied. The experimental results indicated that both the films exhibited high sensitivity to CO from room temperature to 200?℃. The con ductance of the two kinds of the films obeys the power law. The power exponent i s influenced by working temperature and the film thickness. It is in the range o f 0.45~0.80. There exists a maximum of the power exponent when the film thickne ss is 60~70?nm. It is found that gas sensing response for both the films takes p lace mainly on the surface of the films by comparing the gas sensing characteris tics of the two films.


Fractal coding is a very promising technique for image compression. However, its major drawback is the high encoding complexity to find the best match between a range block and a large pool of domain blocks. This paper presents a fractal-encoding algorithm based on eigenvalue pre-searching. The number of domain blocks searched to find the best match for each range block is safely reduced by eliminating the domain blocks whose eigenvalues are not similar with those of the range block. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can produce an almost completely identical fractal code to that of the exhaustive search in reduced time. The proposed scheme promotes an 84.4% reduction in encoding time comparing to the baseline fractal-coding scheme with a little PSNR reduction from 32.8dB to 30.1dB in case of 15 candidates after pre-searching. For single candidate case, the proposed scheme can reduce the complexity up to 85.3%. The compression rate is 12.2 in spite of the number of candidates.


Background: Breast involvement of tuberculosis (TB) is well known but uncommon. It can resemble other diseases, including breast cancer, and diagnosis is quite difficult. So, when facing a breast lesion, a possible tubercular etiology should always be born in mind, relying on qualified laboratories to confirm the diagnosis. Case Report: We describe a 42-year-old woman with a mammary fistula complicating a post-traumatic lump. A critical analysis of the diagnostic process was performed together with a review of the literature, also considering the potential role of trauma in inducing such a rare complication.


Quasi-periodic structures, structures which are intermediate between
 the periodic and disordered systems, have been a subject of
 considerable theoretical interest in recent years1–3. It
 has been shown theoretically that such structures display exotic
 behavior such as weak localization and scaling. Experimental
 realization of such structures and identification of these exotic
 features is needed. One potentially simple experiment towards this end
 has recently been proposed2 where a stack of dielectric
 layers is constructed using two types of dielectric layers arranged in
 a Fibonacci sequence. The transmission coefficient, as a function of
 the wavelength of incident light, was demonstrated to be multifractal
 and displayed scaling. Our work is concerned with a quasi-periodic
 optical system consisting of waveguide directional couplers which
 under certain resonant conditions displays localization and scaling.
 The energy exchange between the guides is codirectional as opposed to
 the contradirectional energy exchange of Ref. 2.


Recommendation systems or recommender system (RSs) is one of the hottest topics nowadays, which is widely utilized to predict an item to the end-user based on his/her preferences primary. Recommendation systems applied in many areas mainly in commercial applications. This work aims to collect evidence of utilizing social network information between users to enhance the quality of traditional recommendation system. It provides an overview of traditional and modern approaches used by RSs such as collaborative filter (CF) approach, content-based (CB) approach, and hybrid filter approach. CF is one of the most famous traditional approaches in RSs, which is facing many limitations due to the lack of information available during a performance such as Cold start, Sparsity and Shilling attack. Additionally, this content focused on the role of incorporating a trust relationship from the social network to enhance the weaknesses of CF and achieve better quality in the recommendation process. Trust-aware Recommendation Systems (TaRSs) is a modern approach proposed to overcome the limitations of CF recommendation system in a social network. The trust relationship between users can boost and enhance CF limitations. Many researchers are focusing on trust in the recommendation system but fewer works are highlighting the role of trust in the recommendation system. In the end, limitations, and open issues of the current picture of the recommendation system come across.


Background Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) tissue parameters depend on the threshold b-value. Purpose To explore how threshold b-value impacts PF (f), Dslow (D), and Dfast (D*) values and their performance for liver fibrosis detection. Material and Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers and 33 hepatitis B patients were included. With a 1.5-T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner and respiration gating, IVIM data were acquired with ten b-values of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, 200, 400, and 800 s/mm2. Signal measurement was performed on the right liver. Segmented-unconstrained analysis was used to compute IVIM parameters and six threshold b-values in the range of 40–200 s/mm2 were compared. PF, Dslow, and Dfast values were placed along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, and a plane was defined to separate volunteers from patients. Results Higher threshold b-values were associated with higher PF measurement; while lower threshold b-values led to higher Dslow and Dfast measurements. The dependence of PF, Dslow, and Dfast on threshold b-value differed between healthy livers and fibrotic livers; with the healthy livers showing a higher dependence. Threshold b-value = 60 s/mm2 showed the largest mean distance between healthy liver datapoints vs. fibrotic liver datapoints, and a classification and regression tree showed that a combination of PF (PF < 9.5%), Dslow (Dslow < 1.239 × 10–3 mm2/s), and Dfast (Dfast < 20.85 × 10–3 mm2/s) differentiated healthy individuals and all individual fibrotic livers with an area under the curve of logistic regression (AUC) of 1. Conclusion For segmented-unconstrained analysis, the selection of threshold b-value = 60 s/mm2 improves IVIM differentiation between healthy livers and fibrotic livers.


Any economic activity is always dominated by certain impetus of some main bodies,who participate in the activity.Similarly,standardization of enterprises requires impetuse to push,accelerate,and maintain.The outside impetus pushing the standardization of the enterprise is the outside motivational factor existing in outside of the enterprise,and being adapted to exterior environment or the motive field,mostly such as the market demand,market competition,the technique barrier and the alliance of the business enterprise technique etc.The inside impetus existing in the inside of the enterprise is the comprehensive factor such as the reducing cost,obtaining economic benefits and the progress of the science and technology,etc.functioning as impelling.


We propose a topological model of induced gravity (pregeometry) where both Newton's coupling constant and the cosmological constant appear as integration constants in solving field equations. The matter sector of a scalar field is also considered, and by solving field equations it is shown that various types of cosmological solutions in the FRW universe can be obtained. A detailed analysis is given of the meaning of the BRST transformations, which make the induced gravity be a topological field theory, by means of the canonical quantization analysis, and the physical reason why such BRST transformations are needed in the present formalism is clarified. Finally, we propose a dynamical mechanism for fixing the Lagrange multiplier fields by following the Higgs mechanism. The present study clearly indicates that the induced gravity can be constructed at the classical level without recourse to quantum fluctuations of matter and suggests an interesting relationship between the induced gravity and the topological quantum field theory.


Omega 3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD) enables algae to produce a series species of 棕3 fatty acids of high-valued quality. Based on the sequence of a 棕3FAD gene cloned from Myrmecia incisa Reisigl., its open Online system: http://www.jabiotech.org 农 业 生 物 技 术 学 报 Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 2012, 20(7): 735~744 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2012.07.003


The oncoming recent data on production of J/Ψ mesons in some high energy particle and nuclear collisions are of special importance in view of the controversies centering around the so-called suppression or enhancement mechanisms for this particle-species. We will try to explain here the features of some of the basic observables on J/Ψ production with the help of an approach which has no direct links with quark–gluon plasma (QGP) considerations, but can interpret a large amount of data related to the proposed physical signatures of QGP. The final outcome, based on the present study, amounts to stating the fact that the J/Ψ production is neither suppressed nor enhanced; rather it exhibits both in our theoretical approach and also in the experimental measurements a behavior which is just as normal as many other secondaries, with only specificities of its own intrinsic quantum numbers and the very massive nature.


Introduction: Incidence of breast cancer is less common, more aggressive and has poor prognosis in the young when compared to the older population. Rising incidence in younger population now a days is due to modified life style, modernization in a true sense and even due to increased awareness and screening which detects the disease at an earlier stage. Materials: This is retrospective study including 139 patients of breast cancer from June 2014 to June 2015 in a single institute, the Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad. Results: Out of 139 patients, 41 pts were below 40 yrs of age and around 60% of them were detected at stage II and around 30% were in stage III. Most of the patients had laterality towards right, different from the other studies Anders et al. Conclusion: Incidence of breast cancer in <40yrs of age constituted around 20% of all breast cancers which was significantly higher than those in other studies. Increased awareness and better screening facilities have improved the detection in an earlier stage than before.


IMPACT The non-profit sector internationally is having to make significant changes to survive. This paper shows how a non-profit can successfully transition from a traditional culture focused on social objectives, to a new hybrid culture incorporating both social and economic objectives. The paper has important lessons for major stakeholders of non-profits with respect to understanding the effects of cultural transition on their organizational performance, as well as the critical role that managers play in making cultural transitions. ABSTRACT Environmental pressures mean that non-profit organizations are having to transition to an internal culture that blends values supporting both social and economic objectives. The authors examined the effect of cultural transition on performance for a large sample of non-profit organizations. Performance was found to decrease before increasing during cultural transition, i.e. there is a U-shaped relationship between organizational culture and performance. The paper's findings have implications for non-profit management and academic research.


A method for curve modeling with algebraic spline curve is introduced in this paper. Firstly, a method for interpolating two given points, two directions at the two points and two curvatures at the two points is presented; Then, a method for blending two given curve segment is offered, and a method for interpolating arbitrary points sequence in a plane is given. The method is very robust for any 2D data sequences. The global G~2 continuity can be held whether the data set is open or closed.


Citizen freedom guaranteed by law is a premise both for citizenship building and for free responsibility fulfillment.Therefore,a citizen without freedom is one without responsibility.To become a qualified citizen needs one to fulfill his responsibility freely,while being responsible for his freedom.In the process to pursue freedom a citizen constantly enhances his citizen consciousness.And in the process of acquiring personal freedom,political freedom,social freedom and cultural freedom,a citizen constantly improves and strengthens his citizen responsibility awareness,which in turn becomes the foundation of democracy.And democracy is a premise for citizen freedom and citizen responsibility.The two supplement and complement each other.


This Article examines two different instances where strong cultural and religious beliefs suggest that an individual is justified in taking another's life. Focusing primarily on South Africa and the United States, it argues that the rationale used to defend those who kill suspected witches and those who kill suspected homosexuals is the same - merely because a criminal holds a belief that the victim is evil, the criminal is somehow entitled to a lesser punishment. In the United States, those who readily recognize the absurdity of the witchcraft defense may have some difficulty in recognizing the same level of absurdity in the homosexual-provocation defense. Moreover, progressive commentators who advocate in favor of cultural defenses may also favor hate crimes legislation and sentence enhancement for crimes directed at homosexuals, thereby ignoring a homegrown cultural defense. These paradoxical pairings and conflicting positions obscure the essential question: Should individuals who voluntarily kill innocents be entitled to a defense based upon an empirically unfounded superstitious, religious or cultural belief? Part II of this Article describes the persistent belief in witchcraft, the incidence of witchcraft-related violence, and the legislative response to such violence. Part III charts the development of the witchcraft-provocation defense, beginning with colonial courts. Part IV offers a comparative view of violence against presumed homosexuals, hate crimes, and the homosexual-provocation defense. A brief conclusion suggests that although Americans can easily identify cultural ignorance in other peoples, they are not as adept at recognizing it at home. Whereas legal scholars initially dismissed the notion that a reasonable person could believe in witchcraft, some now assert that certain reasonable persons cannot help but believe in witchcraft. Whether we choose to ignore or excuse the cultural belief in witchcraft, we miss the systemic nature of the violence it produces and the horror inflicted on its victims. The same can be said of the homosexual-provocation defense.


Haematological changes in Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed diets containing Rubber (Havea brasiliensis) Seed Meal (RSM) at varying inclusion levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) was evaluated in a ninety-day feeding trials. Four iso nitrogenous and iso caloric diets containing the fish feed diet showed significant (P<0.05) difference over fish feed control diet with respect to WBC, Hb, MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Fish feed control diet had the lowest WBC, Hb, MCH, and MCHC. There was no significant difference (P >0.05) in the fish fed control diet and test diets with respect to RBC. Hence it can be concluded that the haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus is not significantly (P>0.05) changed with increase dietary inclusion of rubber seed meal.


The Internet of things (IoT) has been widely recognized by governments and industry because of its huge application prospect. And more and more attention has been paid to the development of E-commerce. This paper mainly from the network technology and E-commerce perspective, through the technology of IoT in the application of E-commerce analysis, to explore how networking technology and E-commerce combine to solve some current problems in electronic commerce, to further accelerate the development of electronic commerce.


The effects of all the processes in fruit and vegetable drink processing on the quality of the drinks are thoroughly analyzed and some practical control measures put forward with a view of helping to guarantee and improve their quality.


When template matching is used to detect printing defects in industrial production, the characters to be tested are not consistent with the main structure of template characters, which leads to detection errors and false defects. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a character image matching optimization based on artificial bee colony algorithm, using the improved artificial bee colony algorithm to find the optimal parameter model and optimize the parameter model, so that the character image matching effect is the best. The experimental results show that the improved artificial bee colony algorithm can obtain good image registration results in a relatively short time.


Abstract A number of introduced ant species are characterized by an absence of nestmate recognition or discrimination. This unicolonial social behavior often aids these species in outcompeting native species to the extent of becoming serious urban and agricultural pests. The Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), is a widespread pest species that is thought to rarely show intraspecific aggression in their introduced populations. We found, however, that colonies from both within Los Angeles and between Los Angeles and other cities in California will frequently exhibit aggression toward each other. When the aggressive colonies were retested after 2 mo under uniform conditions, all of the formerly incompatible pairs exhibited little to no aggression. Thus, intraspecific aggression does exist across introduced populations of Argentine ants, and nestmate recognition is likely to be based primarily on environmental cues. It may be possible to potentially manipulate such cues between neighboring nests to aid in the biocontrol of this pest species.


Community college telecommunications centers have played a dominant national role in producing high-quality telecourses in a broad variety of subject fields to accommodate increasing numbers of nontraditional students.


While most efforts in corporate finance focus on how firm characteristics influence financing decisions, recent studies indicate that interest rates can influence tax shields and bankruptcy costs, affecting the optimal capital structure. Using a yield curve factor model, I examine how interest rates affect the debt-equity choice. While the T-bill yield affects the likelihood of debt financing positively, the T-bond yield and the yield curve volatility affect the likelihood of debt financing negatively. These effects are partially due to the changes of tax shields and bankruptcy costs caused by the interest rate movements.


A system that can be realized with simple circuitry is characterized in that an additional resistor (R) is connected in parallel to the load (Rz) and that means (ST) are provided for measuring the transformer's input resistance (R1) on the primary side and signalling a load error when the input resistance (R1) deviates from a set value.


Acral erythema (AE) and eccrine squamous syringometaplasia (ESS) are distinctive clinico‐pathological entities described in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignancies, mainly myelogenous leukemia. In no case of chemotherapy‐induced AE have histopathologic changes of ESS been described. We report a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia who had typical AE due to cytarabine with histopathologic ESS. The latter findings in a case of AE may be a useful diagnostic clue for distinguishing chemotherapy‐induced AE from palmo‐plantar erythema of graft‐vs‐host reaction.


Health care associated infection (HAI) can be defined as an infection acquired in hospital by a patient who was admitted for a reason other than that of infection or an infection occurring in a patient in the hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. Infections occurring more than 48 hours after admission is considered as HAI. Bacteria, fungi, viruses, or other, less common pathogens can cause HAIs. Patients being susceptible to common infections due to diminished immune responses and infections at surgery sites (SSIs), many HAIs are due to implants and prostheses. These include central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022 in a tertiary care hospital. All wards of SSB Heart and Multispecialty Hospital were included. The incidence, prevalence and risk factors of healthcare associated infection were determined and analyzed. The specimens were processed by standard microbiological methods to isolate and identify etiology. Clinical and laboratory data were collected using structured case report formats. HAIs (CAUTI, CLABSI, VAP, SSI) data from the month of October 2021 to October 2022 has been described in Table 1 to Table 5. In a period of one year a total of 5 cases of Ventilator associated pneumonia from 1124 ventilator days and 7 cases of CAUTI out of which 4731 catheter days. Highest incidence of HAI were 10 cases of CLABSI out of which 1421 central line days in a year and lowest HAI was 1 case of SSI in 3853 days of patients susceptible to SSI in a year. This study reveled that infections rate were very less in ICU because of patient care and well mange infection rate and well defined infection guidelines at SSB Heart and Multispecialty hospital, Faridabad.


The utility model discloses a line clamping machine, belonging to the field of tools for line stringing construction; the line clamping machine comprises a line clamping machine body which comprises a connecting plate, a pulling ring, an upper jaw, a lower jaw, a main board, a draw arm and a safe hook, wherein the main board and the lower jaw are connected by three hinge pins; the connecting plate is connected with the lower jaw by a hinge pin; ends of the connecting plate, the upper jaw and the safe hook are connected by a hinge pin; the connecting plate and the main board are connected by a hinge pin; the upper jaw and the lower jaw are provided with U-shaped line clamping cavities on two surfaces used for the line; and the inner surfaces of the line clamping cavities are provided with wave-shaped concave-convex points. In the utility model, the upper jaw and the lower jaw are provided with the line clamping cavities on the two surfaces used for the line, and the inner surfaces of the line clamping cavities are provided with the wave-shaped concave-convex points, therefore, the line clamping machine can effectively prevent wires or insulated wires from slipping and being damaged when clamping the line; and the line clamping machine has simple fabrication, low cost, convenient operation and practicability.


Most successful mobile robots rely on 2D radial laser scanners for perceiving the environment. The use of these sensors for reactive navigation has a serious limitation: the robot can only detect obstacles in the plane scanned by the sensor, with the consequent risk of collision with objects out of this plane. The recent commercialization of RGB-D cameras, like Kinect, opens new possibilities in this respect. In this paper we address the matter of adding the 3D information provided by these cameras to a reactive navigator designed to work with radial laser scanners. We experimentally analyze the suitability of Kinect to detect small objects and propose a simple but effective method to combine readings from both type of sensors as well as to overcome some of the drawbacks that Kinect presents. Experiments with a real robot and a particular reactive algorithm have been conducted, proving a significant upgrade in performance.


This paper introduces the current environment situation and treatment measures of Qiucun Gold Ore.The drainage of waste water and emission of exhaust gas is strictly put into effect.The security of waste disposal site and tailing pond are guaranteed.Different measures are taken to control the mining dust.Great achievements have been made by combining various sources and scientific arrangement.


The textile-technical integration of shape memory alloys into reinforcing fabrics for the development of adaptive fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs) has been developed in recent years. This is aimed at reproduction, automation, and series production as well as reduced delamination of shape memory alloys in FRPs, and higher force transmission from shape memory alloys to FRPs. This type of integration can be executed in several ways, for example, by weaving or by tailored fiber placement technology. We present a comparative study of the functional properties of adaptive FRPs based on both types of technology. In order to conduct this study, functionalized reinforcing fabrics for the formation of adaptive FRPs were produced by open reed weaving and tailored fiber placement technology. Subsequently, they were infused by means of a thermosetting resin system. After the fabrication of adaptive FRPs, their functional properties were characterized and evaluated. Results show that the maximum deformation of adaptive FRPs produced by open reed weaving technology was higher than those produced by tailored fiber placement technology. Therefore, the adaptive FRPs produced by open reed weaving technology are more suitable for the formation of grippers, aerodynamically effective flaps, or robotic hands than that of adaptive FRPs produced by tailored fiber placement technology.


This paper presents a preliminary exploration of the informal/formal economy nexus and entrepreneurial processes amongst a sample of Kenyan roadside vendors who mostly operate in the informal economy. Using semi-structured interviews, data was collected from sixty street vendors across Kenya. In particular the paper focuses on the relationship between the informal and formal economy and the factors that promote formality amongst micro and small enterprises in developing countries. The paper presents a conceptualization of a potential segmentation of the informal economy, considering the implications of this in terms of base of the pyramid initiatives and the promotion of development through enterprise.


The invention discloses a cleaning device for a solar battery panel. The cleaning device comprises a rocker arm cleaning mechanism arranged on the first side of the solar battery panel, a driving device for driving the rocket arm cleaning mechanism, and an induction device which is arranged on the second side of the solar battery panel and used for inducing whether rainwater deposition exists or not, wherein the induction device is connected with the driving device for driving the rocker arm cleaning mechanism, so that the technical effects that the solar battery panel is effectively cleaned, and the power of the solar battery panel can be restored are realized.


Desiderius Erasmus was an intellectual popularizer who fashioned his own greatness. Adopting the figure of St Jerome and equating the father of true scripture with the father of humane learning, Erasmus represented himself as a modern exemplar of the famed editor, commentator and translator of sacred texts. The saint-exegete was re-created, by widely-circulated and influential textual constructions in which continuities and intellectual


Purified Vi antigen, acetic anthydride-treated Salmonella typhosa endotoxin, and potassium methylate-treated S. typhosa endotoxin employed as vaccines in Swiss white mice failed to protect these animals against challenge with a virulent S. typhimurium hybrid expressing S. typhosa antigens.


ABSTRACT A study was conducted to assess the rhythmic changes in the haematological variables between captive and free ranging wild Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus). The animals were distributed into two groups, Group I (Captive Sloth bear; n = 15) and Group II (Free ranging wild sloth bear; n = 15). The blood samples were collected from 30 Sloth bears. In wild condition, the mean (±SD) of WBC and monocytes developed highly significant (p < 0.01) difference than captive whereas in captivity the RBC, haemoglobin and PCV revealed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher value than that of wild habitat. Based on sex, the mean (±SD) of RBC, haemoglobin and PCV were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in captive female than male whereas the MCH was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in male than female. Based on age, wild adult in mean (±SD) of WBC and captive adult in mean (±SD) of RBC, PCV and MCH showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher value as compared to their respective counterpart. Therefore, this comparative analysis of all hematological parameters of sloth bear based on habitat, gender and age would be evidenced enough for protection and conservation of the animal by better disease diagnosis and management in both captivity and free ranging wild habitat.


Australia's production has been steadily increasing since 2013 with the main contributors being the large liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects. The North Carnarvon Basin accounted for over half of Australian production in 2019, dominated by North West Shelf LNG, Gorgon, Wheatstone and Pluto. Just under a quarter of production was from the Bowen-Surat Basin, with the highest producing project being the Condabri, Talinga and Orana cluster of coal seam assets. The next most prolific basin was the Browse Basin at just over 10%, with Prelude and Ichthys, followed by the Gippsland at 7%. During the year, the Greater Enfield Project, in the North Carnarvon Basin, was brought onstream, which involved a 30-km tie-in of the Laverda and Cimatti fields to the Ngujima-Yin floating production, storage and offloading vessel at the Vincent Field via sub-sea pipelines. Also brought into production during 2019 was the Roma North and Project Atlas, Bowen-Surat Basin, coal bed methane projects. Gas from Roma North is exclusively contracted to the Gladstone LNG consortium while Project Atlas gas will be supplied to domestic customers.


Release of an estimated 150,000 gallons (568,000 L).of 1.2–dichloroethane (EDC) from a buried pipeline into a ditch and surrounding soil resulted in shallow subsurface contamination of a Gulf Coast site. Short‐term remediation included removal of EDC DNAPI. (dense nonaqueous phase liquid) by dredging and vacuuming the ditch, and by dredging the river where the ditch discharged. EDC saturation in shallow impacted sediments located beneath the ditch was at or below residual saturation and these sediments were therefore left in place. The ditch was lined, backfilled, and capped. Long‐term remediation includes EDC DNAPL recovery and hydraulic containment from the shallow zone with long‐term monitoring of the shallow, intermediate, and deep (200 foot) aquifers. Ground water, DNAPL., and dissolved phase models were used to guide field investigations and the selection of an effective remedial action strategy. The DNAPL. modeling was conducted for a two‐dimensional vertical cross section of the site, and included the three aquifers separated by two aquitards with microfractures. These aquitards were modeled using a dual porosity approach. Matrix and fracture properties of the aquitards used for DNAPL modeling were determined from small‐scale laboratory properties. These properties were consistent with effective hydraulic conductivity determined from ground water flow modeling. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the vertical migration of EDC was attenuated by dissolution of EDC into the matrix of the upper aquitard. When the organic/water entry pressure of the aquitard matrix, or the solubility of EDC were decreased to unrealislically low values. EDC DNAPL. accumulated in the aquifer below the upper aquitard.


Solar energy has been widely accepted as a source of energy in the last few years owing to its numerous advantages over conventional energy sources. The most important fact is that it is environment friendly. Solar panels are majorly placed on building roof tops or on flat barren terrain. They do not produce any pollutants in the process of generating energy and, hence, is considered as a clean source. However, the other side of the coin is that, solar panels are expensive and are often vulnerable to wind forces which are fundamental atmospheric phenomena caused by air moving from high to low pressure due to change in temperature. Information about wind load on solar panels is rarely discussed in the Indian standard codes, which makes the study of wind forces an essential exercise. This paper deals with computational fluid dynamics analysis that is carried out to approximately determine the flow and formulate an equation that shall provide us with the wind movement and other characteristics of the wind flow. For the purpose of analysis, a building with a suitable dimension was chosen and proper symmetrical arrangement of solar panels on top of building where carried out. ANSYS fluent was used for simulation. The results revealed sufficient suction wind pressure surrounding solar panel which may cause uplift. Keywords— Wind Load, Wind Pressure, Solar Panels, Computational Fluid Dynamic, ANSYS.


Spectrophotometry in the λλ3400-7400 range is presented for 13 areas of the brightest H II region in the SMC: NGC 346. The observations were obtained at CTIO with the 4 m telescope. Based on these observations, its chemical composition is derived. The helium and oxygen abundances by mass are given by Y(SMC) = 0.2405 ± 0.0018 and O(SMC) = 0.00171 ± 0.00025. From models and observations of irregular and blue compact galaxies it is found that ΔY/ΔO = 3.5 ± 0.9 and, consequently, that the primordial helium abundance by mass is given by Yp = 0.2345 ± 0.0026 (1 σ). This result is compared with values derived from big bang nucleosynthesis and with other determinations of Yp.


Different treatments of mulch drip irrigation were designed,and the soil evaporation was measured using a self-made PVC device,and the water-saving benefit of mulch drip irrigation was also analyzed.Results showed that the ratio of Evaporation/ Irrigation during the root-spreading period,vigorous period,maturity period was 15.13%~18.66%,12.90%~35.90%,12.98%~15.83%,respectively.This part of invalid water consumption could be saved by the mulch application;the calculated EIRR was 13.8%(12%),the calculated ENPV was 911.8 yuan per 667 m2,and the calculated EBCR was 1.31(1.0),from the economical angle,the project was reasonable and practicable.


The purpose of this thesis was to identify and to describe the motivational orientations of the participants in the horticultural certificate programs at Longwood Gardens, the world's premier public display garden located near Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. The specific objectives were to describe demographic and other characteristics of the participants, to determine the influence of different motivational orientation factors on participation, to determine any differences in the influence of the motivational orientation factors between participant groups, and to make recommendations related to the management of horticultural certificate programs. A survey was conducted of those attending the Fall courses in the two horticultural certificate programs at Longwood Gardens known as the Certificate of Merit in Ornamental Plants Series I and Series II. The questionnaire included the Education Participation Scale (EPS) along with other items. The EPS quantifies the influence of different motivational orientation factors which represent underlying motivations for participation in adult education. These factors are: social contact, social stimulation, professional advancement, community service, external expectations, and cognitive interest. Results from the survey indicate that


Objective To isolate,culture and induce dog bone marrow stromal cells into osteoblasts in vitro,and to prepare cell sheets with induce-differentiated bone marrow stromal cells.Methods Bone marrow stromal cells were seeded in DMEM medium after isolated by density gradient centrifugation,and induced differentiation into osteoblasts,temperature-responsive culture dish was used to prepare cell sheets.Morphological features and biological properties of osteoblasts and cell sheets were observed by assay of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),in-verted phase contrast microscope,alkaline phosphorase(ALP) stain and stain of calcified nodules.Results Dog bone marrow stromal cells were isolated and cultured,and were successfully induced into osteoblasts;calcium nodules was also observed.Complete cell sheets were harvested with temperature-responsive culture dishes.Conclusion It is expected to build larger tissue-engineered bone which has cortical bone structure by traditional methods of bone tissue engineering combing with cell-sheet engineering approach.


With the rapid development of science at this time and the criteria for recruitment of workers who need soft skills, the Teaching and Learning Process (PBM) applying the Teacher Center Learning (TCL) method is no longer appropriate. The application of the Student Center Learning (SCL), which emphasizes on the ProjectBased Learning (PjBL) method is needed. The assessment is not only on hard skills (such as Tasks, Examinations, Exams, Exercises, Quizzes, group presentations, and Major Tasks) but also on soft skills. Using the SCL-PjBL method in PBM will be able to increase the maximum absorption of knowledge to students. Besides, the students must be prepared in terms of lecture material, which will be presented by more challenged lectures to be better prepared because the SCL-PjBL method makes more lecturers as facilitators. The results of the assessment of Electronics courses with the application of the SCL-PjBL method for 131 students in the 2018/2019 school year obtained an average score of soft skills of 72% from a 40% rating or 28.8 on a 100 scale.


In his carefully researched intervention on a historical moment in Anglo-Indian history, Satoshi Mizutani reveals the results of a conscious effort made by Anglo-Indians to raise a representative regiment within the British armed forces in India and how the notions of 'whiteness' prevailing at the time affected the outcome of this endeavour.


The formulation and universality of the Convention, as well as its continuing to be the foundation of the international community to discuss the problems of the oceans and the law of the sea, are inseparable from China's contribution. However, the Convention has also caused serious disadvantages and distress for the latter.


Background: Oritavancin (ORI) is a lipoglycopeptide (LG) antibiotic approved as a single-dose treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSI) caused by gram-positive pathogens. As some LG and lipopeptide (LP) antibiotics are known to interfere with phospholipid (PL)-dependent coagulation tests (CT), we assessed the effects of ORI on common CT and determined the time-to-resolution (TtR) of test interference. Methods: For testing of clinical samples, plasma was obtained from normal healthy volunteers (NHV; n= 20) at defined time intervals following a 3h infusion of a single 1200 mg dose of ORI in a Phase 1 study. The TtR of each test interference was the interval from the start of the ORI infusion to the time the result returned to the normal reference range. For in vitro testing, ORI was spiked into human plasma over a concentration range of 2 to 47 μg/ml. PL-dependent CT included prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), Dilute Russell Viper Venom Test (DRVVT), activated clotting time (ACT), silica clot time (SCT) and activated Protein C Resistance (APCR). PL-independent CT included chromogenic anti-factor Xa (anti-FXa), thrombin time (TT) and an assay to diagnose heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (anti-heparin-PF4). Results: Transient prolongation of PT, aPTT, DRVVT, ACT and SCT occurred in plasma samples obtained from NHVs in the phase 1 study (table). Using ORI-spiked human plasma in vitro, prolongation of coagulation in the affected tests occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. ORI did not interfere with assays for APCR, anti-FXa, TT, or antiheparin-PF4. Conclusion: Although ORI has no effect of the coagulation system, it can cause artificial elevations in some laboratory CT. Because of its single-dose regimen, the transient interference of ORI on these CT does not require further consideration beyond the specified TtR of test interference in contrast to some LG and LP antibiotics that require daily administration. Disclosures Support and funding and for this study was provided by The Medicines Company. Conclusions • A single dose of oritavancin was associated with falsely elevated values of some phospholipid-dependent coagulation tests. The extent of test elevations was concentration-dependent, as demonstrated in in vitro studies using oritavancin-spiked samples (Table 1). • Oritavancin plasma concentrations following a single 1200 mg dose in subjects in this study are comparable to those in patients with ABSSSI (Figure 1). Thus, the estimates of time to resolution of potential lab test interference in normal subjects is expected to match those in infected patients. • A relationship between oritavancin plasma concentrations and increases in PT/INR or aPTT was observed in the phase 1 study (Figure 2). • The estimates of maximum time to resolution of test interference (Table 3) provides information on how to avoid coagulation test interference following a single dose of oritavancin. Jeff Loutit, M.D. The Medicines Company 3033 Science Park Rd, Suite 200 San Diego, CA 92121 firstname.lastname@example.com


The article reviews the complex and demanding field of palliative care, noting the sources of the stresses and strains that the health care workers often encounter. It illustrates the multidimensional needs of patients, the reasons why they and/or their families may hamper palliative care, and, mostly, what can be done to deal with and—better yet—prevent palliative workers' burnout.


This analysis aims at giving a coherent and synthetic view on the perceptions of the Romanian youth about the political participation and the economic future of Romania in the context of globalization and the increased migration. Youth is a socio-demographic category with an essential impact on the future of each country but also in Europe and in the world, who are, as many political, economic and social actors claim, the main beneficiaries. And yet the young Romanian males and females tend to migrate especially to the developed countries, where they are better remunerated. Thus, based on a primary research done by the Center for Urban and Regional Sociology (CURS) from Romania, it can be concluded that the Romanian youth are disappointed by the political young leaders and migration outside the country is a strong option for the present, even if only temporarily or definitively and become citizens of another country where they could fulfill their aspirations, lifestyle and leisure time.


This project investigates the implementation of a fuel cell into a small unmanned aerial vehicle. Small model aircraft are used around the world by hobbyists for pleasure and creating home videos. Currently these aircraft are a excellent solution for many commercial applications; land surveying, search and rescue, police surveillance, border control and recently in the news for the Army. However, these aircraft can only fly for a fraction of an hour, and then require a length battery recharge, or for many spare batteries to be carried. A fuel cell offers a far greater endurance than any battery whilst still maintaining low weight. It is anticipated that a fuel cell for the aircraft in this project will last for six to ten hours, and is very quick and easy to refuel, and requires no recharging at all.


Grain-boundary migration in Al-20 ppm Pb bicrystals was studied. Anomalous temperature dependence of grain-boundary migration was observed: at a certain temperature that depends on the grain misorientation, both the enthalpy of activation for migration and the preexponential factor in the expression for grain-boundary mobility exhibit sharp changes. This behavior is interpreted in terms of a transition from incomplete to complete wetting of grain boundaries by liquid lead. Unstable motion of grain boundaries at temperatures just below the wetting transition is related to a slowing down of boundaries by mobile droplets of liquid lead. Extraction of lead from the bulk to the surface was observed upon cooling of samples; the effect is explained by interaction of impurity (lead) atoms with vacancies.


In order to clarify the development mechanism of buckling deformation and the interaction between stress wave and buckling deformation,the elastic-plastic axisymmetric dynamic postbuckling of the shells subjected to axial high-velocity impact was studied by use of the non-linear explicit dynamics finite element method.Studies show that for the plastic axisymmetric dynamic buckling of the shell,main buckling deformation occurs at the both ends of the shell,that the wave number of buckling deformation depends on the inertia properties of striker,and that the plastic stress waves predo-minate the buckling course while the elastic stress waves have little effect on buckling.


As I reflect on this issue of the journal, I'm struck by the diversity of the papers we are publishing and I realise just how far and wide ultrasound imaging is being used. I am also reflecting on how far this technology has come: from a massive water bath in the 1950s; to A-mode scans displayed on an oscilloscope; to the first moving images using Mmode; through to two-dimensional (2D) and now three-dimensional (3D) imaging. We have gone from imaging whole organs to targeting cell motion, such as with shear wave technology as in this AJUM issue, where Laroia et al present their experience of using shear wave electrography for the detection of liver fibrosis. Similarly, the engineering marvel that provides a point-ofcare ultrasound (POCUS) device with technology previously only available in a 200-kg cart is staggering. The growth of a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) continues, and clinicians are using POCUS in a variety of settings. In this AJUM issue, Bhoi et al present a case series using POCUS to diagnose cervical spine injury. Yet, none of this technology is useful if it is not reliable in different patients, on different days and between different operators. Before we adopt new techniques in our own practice, ideally we would undertake studies to ensure we can do it with enough reproducibility to enable meaningful clinical changes to be detected. This is often done in research settings but less so in clinical practice in my experience. This is why I am particularly happy to see authors going to the trouble to document the reliability of techniques in their hands and publishing their results so we can all benefit, such as Farragher et al have done in this issue. Another cross-over technology is ultrasound enhancing agents (UEAs), which are now used in different specialities. UEAs allow us to overcome the physical limitations of ultrasound imaging and yet at the same time exploit other physical characteristics to aid diagnosis. The helpful role of UEAs for diagnosing liver tumours in children is explored in a retrospective study by Torres et al in this issue of the journal. Yet, as sonographers and sonologists we are facing changes. On one end of the ultrasound continuum, we have highly specialised technology that allows us to image in ways we have not routinely before. We 'see' and, more importantly, understand anatomy and physiology in ways we could not before. At the other end of the continuum, POCUS users are performing relatively simple, some might say 'pared back' examinations to aid their clinical management. They are asking straightforward questions that will aid their immediate management. This is not a referral service, this is a doctor using an ultrasound probe as many have used stethoscopes to aid their clinical decisionmaking for many years. In between, specialist physcians are taking up probes and offering "advanced POCUS" for their patients. I suspect we are on the precipice of a major shift in ultrasound practice, and it is both exciting and scary. The potential for new clinical applications is exciting, but I am nervous that the clinical applicability will not be as well documented and researched as ultrasound has in the past. But what an opportunity for future research – in clinical settings; in educations settings; in rural and remote settings; and in non-traditional research settings. I encourage you to research, document and share your findings as we forge this new path forward.


Manuscript accepted 23 August 1991. Fishery Bulletin, U.S. 89:712-718 (1991). that there was no relationship between monthly sea turtle strandings and shrimp fishing effort in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico coast during 1986-89. Sea turtles would not be captured in shrimp trawls if the temporalspatial distributions of sea turtles and shrimp fishing effort did not overlap to some extent. However, we have no a priori reason to expect that temporal-spatial distributions of sea turtles and shrimp fishing effort match exactly. Shrimp trawling in the northwestern Gulf varies seasonally and spatially as related to the annual cycle of occurrence and abundance of short-lived penaeid shrimp (Kutkuhn 1962, Neal and Maris 1985). It is most intense during spring and summer when surface waters are warm. Shrimp spawn in the Gulf where the eggs hatch and larvae develop as they are carried toward the estuaries in spring and early summer. As postlarvae, shrimp enter the estuarine nursery areas where they grow for several months before emigrating to the Gulf and becoming vulnerable to the offshore shrimp fishery. There they continue to grow and migrate to deeper waters to spawn while being exploited by the fishery. In contrast, sea turtles are long-lived and can be exposed to mortality risks for decades. Based on strandings, commercial and recreational fishing bycatch, and aerial surveys, sea turtles are most abundant in the northwestern Gulf during spring or early summer, with a lesser peak in abundance in autumn (Hildebrand 1982, Fritts et al. 1983, Thompson 1988, Magnuson et al. 1990). Waters of the northwestern Gulf are foraging habitat for the turtles, and they are used as migratory routes when the turtles move northward in spring and southward in autumn (Hildebrand 1982, 1983). The most numerous species in the An increase in sea turtle strandings during commercial penaeid shrimp fishing seasons and a decrease with the closing of these seasons have been observed on the Atlantic coast of the southeastern United States (Hillestad et al. 1978, Talbert et al. 1980, Ruckdeschel and Zug 1982, Booker and Ehrhart 1989, Schroeder and Maley 1989). The relationship between sea turtle strandings and shrimp fishing in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico has received less attention (Rabalais and Rabalais 1980, Amos 1989, Whistler 1989, Magnuson et al. 1990), although Texas and Louisiana together produce most (almost 74% during 1986-89) of the offshore (seaward of barrier islands) commercial catch of penaeid shrimp in the southeastern United States. In this study, we used product-moment correlation analysis to test the null hypothesis Incidental capture of sea turtles in shrimp trawls is the most important human cause of sea turtle mortality (Magnuson et al. 1990). Offshore stocks of penaeid shrimp were discovered in the Gulf of Mexico in the mid-1930s, and expansion of the offshore shrimp fishery began in the late 1940s following World War II (Whitaker 1973, Krauthamer et al. 1984, Tetty and Griffin 1984, Rayburn 1989). The industry continued to expand and improve its fishing technology into the 1980s. During the same period when shrimping effort was increasing and harvesting technology was improving, the abundance of sea turtles declined (Magnuson et al. 1990). Sea turtle strandings along coastal shorelines of the southeastern United States have been used as one index of mortality due to shrimping (Magnuson et al. 1990). Kerry M. Stanley Robert W. Heinly Erich K. Stabenau


Abstract Background Human Rhinovirus (hRV) causes mild, primarily upper respiratory tract symptoms in immunocompetent hosts. However, in immunocompromised patients, it often progresses to a lower respiratory tract infection. Multiple myeloma (MM) patients are immunocompromised due to inherent immunodeficiency and exposure to biologic and chemotherapeutic agents. The complications of hRV infection in MM patients are not well known. In this study, we aim to identify the morbidity and mortality associated with hRV in MM participants. Methods This was a retrospective study, using Arkansas Clinical Registry Database, which identified all MM patients diagnosed with hRV infection by nasopharyngeal multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in January-December 2019. Duplicates within 30 days were excluded. Patients were followed for 30 days after diagnosis. We assessed the need for hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, oxygen administration, mechanical ventilation, and death. We collected their absolute neutrophil (ANC) and lymphocyte count (ALC) within three days of diagnosis and compared values using Mann-Whitney U test. Results We identified 217 MM patients with hRV. Ninety (41%) had prior autologous stem cell transplant, 148 (68%) had received chemotherapy within 30 days. Ninety (41%) had chest imaging, with 11 (12%) having infiltrates. Out of the 217, 69 (31.9%) were admitted, with a mean length of stay of 3 days. 13% of the admitted patients were transferred to the ICU. 65.5% of the admitted patients needed oxygen, and two required mechanical ventilation. The mean ANC and ALC for the admitted group was 3.88 cells/µL and 1.22 cells/µL respectively, compared to 3.57 cells/µL and 1.07 cells/µL in the outpatient group, p=0.6 and 1. Five participants died. Conclusion Human Rhinovirus infection in MM patients was associated with significant morbidity, including hospitalization, ICU care, supplemental oxygen requirement, and even mechanical ventilation in 2 patients. Death was observed within 30 days, although rarely. The mean ALC and ANC were not predictive of the severity of the disease. Recognizing hRV effects on morbidity and mortality could lead to earlier recognition and management of complications in MM patients. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


Given the primary goal of maintaining safe driving conditions, the decision on when to treat a roadway for winter weather conditions is of paramount importance in the overall effective maintenance of a roadway. Many sources of data can be utilized in making the decision regarding when to treat. However, recent advances in technology, primarily related to sensing capabilities, can now provide timely and accurate data that can assist in the decision-making process. Following collection and assessments of pertinent information related to the technologies, a project implementation meeting was held with representatives of the research team, Massachusetts Port Authority ((MassPort), Massachusetts Highway Department (MassHighway), and Executive Office of Transportation & Public Works (EOTPW) with the purpose of discussing the findings and identifying possible implementation strategies. After reviewing the technologies, the meeting participants discussed several implementation possibilities and recommendations for further consideration including a road surface information system (RSIS) and both a hand held and truck mounted infrared temperature measuring device.