From the perspective of historical and cultural heritages,the author summarizes the Chinese cultural spirit of harmony and expounds on its connotations.He proceeds to discuss its enlightenment to the construction of CPC united front,including the basic principles,guidelines and methods of applying it in CPC united front construction.Such a study serves as a new understanding to the positive roles that the core values of traditional Chinese culture play in the construction of CPC united front.


In field experiments in different breeding sites in a shaded suburban area, 7-40 % ofA. aegypti eggs survived a 120-day dry period. In a relatively unshaded coral area, only 3-23 % of eggs survived 60 days in exposed sites, but 7-17% survived 120 days in shaded sites. Survival in some sites was higher than in the laboratory at constant conditions. There are three principal ways in which mosquitos survive the dry season in the tropics. Some groups, including Mansonia, Culex, and Anopheles, do so in the larval stage in permanent water such as ponds, swamps, wells, and small streams. Certain species of Anopheles are able to overcome severe conditions by aestivation as adults, while many species of the genus Aedes survive in the egg stage (Clements, 1963). This is accomplished in a state of diapause or quiescence. A. aegypti is one of these species; as soon as a dry spell ends the surviving eggs begin to hatch. The success of A. aegypti in multiplying as a vector of disease depends largely on the degree to which it survives, in the egg stage, the dry seasons that characterize East Africa and many other tropical areas. Considering the numerous records of the resistance of its eggs to drying, surprisingly little information has been obtained from studies in the field. The present work was undertaken to ascertain the rates of survival and mortality of A. aegypti eggs in various common breeding sites in the coastal zone of East Africa during the 4-month dry season. The findings should contribute to an understanding of the seasonal changes in the population levels of A. aegypti in certain areas, and especially the rapid eruption of adults * This study was supported jointly by US Public Health Service research grant No. CC 00261 from the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga., USA, and by the World Health Organization. 1 Entomologist/ecologist, WHO East Africa Aedes Research Unit, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Present address: Department of Biology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind., USA. observed at the onset of the rainy season. They should also assist in determining the proper timing of applications of insecticide in control and eradication programmes.


The result of ithe post mrtmPx gani'atio*%1wwvd that righlumbar colotomy wonldhave beQp1the; preferable operatiqu 'The chara&terq(f the stricture pointed to chronic and grsdually increg obstractionl, and the distendod ,ari attenuated condition of the coatsof the large intestine confirmed this opinion; the eat-of strioturej after hardening, was submitted to microscopical examination nothing but fibrous' tissue elements could be detected, with asr infiltration of exudationcorpuscles.


Inflammation of the pleural membrane is very common in this climate. Most of the cases are sporadic, but a few of them are specific, being the localization of the specific fever of influenza. Sporadic pleurisy occurs as the original lesion and is uncompli cated in a majority of cases; but in many others it is seen in con nection with pneumonia or rheumatic fever; then it exists often times concomitantly with pericarditis. When uncomplicated it


In present work, a step-by-step Legendre collocation method is employed to solve a class of nonlinear fractional stochastic delay differential equations (FSDDEs). The step-by-step method converts the nonlinear FSDDE into a non-delay nonlinear fractional stochastic differential equation (FSDE). Then, a Legendre collocation approach is considered to obtain the numerical solution in each step. By using a collocation scheme, the non-delay nonlinear FSDE is reduced to a nonlinear system. Moreover, the error analysis of this numerical approach is investigated and convergence rate is examined. The accuracy and reliability of this method is shown on three test examples and the effect of different noise measures is investigated. Finally, as an useful application, the proposed scheme is applied to obtain the numerical solution of a stochastic SIRS model.


Education policy discourse in the Australian state of Queensland positions schooling as a panacea to pervasive social instability and a means to achieve a new consensus. This analysis interrogates the political strategies at work within the Queensland Government's education vision document, Queensland State Education – 2010 (QSE-2010). Policy discourse will be subjected to a double-reading and examined as strategic rhetoric (Nakayama & Krizek, 1995) which 'distorts the overall frame of reference in a particular political direction' (Olssen, 2005, p. 372). As a result, discourses within QSE-2010 are read as politically strategic, rhetorical statements that speak of a destabilised socio-political centre and an increasingly turbulent economic future. In so doing it is argued these statements work to incite anxiety through 'the stimulation of subjectivity' (Rose, 1990, p. 4). Further, discussion of characteristics needed by the 'desirable' future citizen of Queensland reflect efforts to 'tame change through the making of the child' (Popkewitz, 2004, p. 201). In reaction to increasing diversity from both domestic and international migration to the traditionally conservative state of Queensland, such education policy indicates a strategic (re)visioning of centre and the relations of power tying 'individuals "free to choose"' (Rose, 1990, p. 4) to 'regulatory norms of participation' (Popkewitz, 2004, p. 193) that are said to underpin the political dream of a 'sovereignty of the good' (Foucault, 1988, p. 61). The casualties of this revision and the concomitant refusal to investigate the pathologies of schooling that alienate and disenfranchise (Vlachou, 2004; Graham, 2006) are the children who do not conform to the norm of the desired future citizen and who become relegated to second tier (VET) schooling options (Education Queensland, 2000; 2002b).


ABSTRACT Per se, increased knowledge about substance abuse has not been effective in altering social workers' negative attitudes towards substance abusers or their failure to recognize or address substance abuse problems among clients. In this paper, we describe an experiential abstinence assignment integrated with the content of an elective substance abuse course. This abstinence assignment served as a simulation of what clients in treatment for substance abuse experience. At the end of the course, most students reported they gained new personal insight and understanding on addictions and developed more empathy for addicts as a result of the abstinence experience. More rigorous research is recommended to assess the impact of this abstinence assignment on social workers' willingness to serve and awareness of clients who abuse substances.


Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks pose a major threat to today's cyber security. Defense against these attacks is complicated by source IP address spoofing, which is exploited by attackers to conceal source IP addresses and localities of malicious traffic. In this paper, we propose HPi (Hash-based Path Identification), a novel packet marking scheme to defeat DDoS attacks regardless of forged IP addresses. Our scheme makes full use of a packet's 16-bit IP Identification field to generate a unique identifier corresponding to a path the packet traverses. Each router along the path hashes the last 16 bits of its IP address into the IP Identification field. Thus the victim can identify every single received packet as legitimate or malicious on a per packet basis with high accuracy. And we develop different filtering strategies for victim servers with different capabilities. We also propose a new packet filtering mechanism, the HPi2HC filter, for the victim to distinguish between legitimate and malicious packets more accurately based on tuple of each packet. Simulation results show that the performance of our scheme is still quite promising even when only half of the routers in the network participate in packet marking. The HPi scheme is also lightweight, supporting incremental deployment, and is robust against randomly initial values in IP Identification field forged by sophisticated attackers.


This paper gives the necessary conditions for judging whether a bulk commodity futures price can become an international benchmark index through the theory of one-way effect causal measure, that is, the conductivity and independence of futures price. Taking Shanghai crude oil futures price as an example, the study finds that: first, the RMB and US dollar prices of SC1809 have a strong influence on WTI and Brent oil prices in a short period and a lasting influence on Brent oil prices in a long period. Second, in terms of the impact on WTI and Brent, the impact of SC1809 RMB price is about 20 times that of US dollar price, which shows that US dollar exchange rate factor absorbs its influence to a large extent, and it is also an important support to maintain the two as benchmark indicators of world oil price. Third, although SC1809 RMB and US dollar prices are not affected by WTI and Brent oil prices in the short term, it only shows a certain degree of isolation. Fourthly, the lack of conductivity of WTI and Brent oil prices indicates that their status as benchmark indicators of world oil prices has been shaken. Keyword: crude oil future prices; conductivity; independence JEL Classification: G13; C32; C52


OF DISSERTATION UNDERSTANDING AND PROMOTING PARENT-CHILD SEXUAL HEALTH COMMUNICATION Parent-child sexual health communication (PCSHC) can have a positive impact on adolescents' sexual health choices, outcomes, and capabilities for communicating with others about sexual health. Many parents are hesitant and feel unprepared for and uncomfortable with communicating about sexual health with their children. Other parental factors as well as child factors can impact the quality, frequency, coverage, and effectiveness of PCSHC. Some adolescent sexual health outcomes have improved, however, teen birth rates in the United States are elevated compared to other developed countries and half of all sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses are made to adolescents and emerging adults. This emphasizes the importance of PCSHC as a protective factor for children and opportunity for them to develop understanding and skills for good sexual health decision-making. While challenging to recruit and retain participants, parent sex education programming designed to promote PCSHC can instill a sense of parental necessity and responsibility, and equip parents with knowledge and skills to confidently and successfully engage their children. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) provided the framework for this mixed methods study designed to learn more about PCSHC, differences in PCSHC based on gender of children, parental beliefs about PCSHC, intentions for and actual engagement in PCSHC. Included in the literature review for this study is a systematic review of literature focused on parent education programming designed to improve PCSHC. Parents of children in grades 4 – 11 completed a pencil/paper or an electronic Qualtrics baseline survey containing questions about their perceptions of and engagement in PCSHC. The quantitative data collection instrument included items measuring TPB constructs of behavioral, normative, and control beliefs, intentions for and actual engagement in PCSHC and condom use instruction delivery, communication openness,


Objective: The study was initiated to formulate controlled release lipospheres of ketoprofen to solve the problem of the need for frequent administration due to drug's short half-life. Methods: The Ketoprofen lipospheres were prepared with different amounts lipid by a melt dispersion technique. In this study the percent cumulative drug release (%CDR) for 12 hours of liposphere batches containing only cetostearyl alcohol as lipid was compared with the percent cumulative drug release for 12 hours of related batches consisting of bees wax or paraffin wax containing the same amount of lipid. A paired t-test was used for the analysis. Results: The in-vitro drug release of the lipospheres ranged from 39% to 91%, and SEM analysis showed spherical shaped particles with smooth surfaces. FT-IR analysis indicated the presence of lipid and drug while DSC studies showed that the drug was completely dispersed in the lipid matrix. A selected batch showed satisfactory percentage practical yield (90.01±2.50%), percentage drug content (81.78±1.44%) and drug release (91.0±2.42%). Conclusions: From the results obtained, it can be concluded that, the concentration of lipid increased the drug release decreased. Also the drug release was significantly lowered as compared to those containing a single lipid. The formulations followed a zero order kinetic release model indicating controlled release.


The ability to measure the specific gravity of an aggregate accurately and consistently is paramount to transportation materials engineers. Current standard test methods (AASHTO T-84 and T-85) typically are not used for routine quality control purposes because of long testing times and questions about variability. Among new techniques developed for measuring specific gravity and absorption is a vacuum-sealing method, which eliminates the need for long soaking periods and for determining aggregate mass in a saturated-surface-dry moisture state. The vacuum-sealing method also has the potential to measure the specific gravity of a blend of aggregates in a single test. Specific gravity and absorption of six coarse and four fine aggregates composed of various mineralogy types were measured by both traditional and vacuum-seal methods. Ten blends, whose gradations generally met Superpave® hot-mix asphalt specifications, were created by using various combinations of aggregates and tested in a single vacuum-seal test. Five replicate tests were done on all individual aggregates and blends. Aggregate-blend single-test results (specific gravity and absorption) were compared with values obtained with traditional individual test results and mathematical combinations. The comparisons yielded generally strong correlations among methods, indicating the vacuum-seal procedure has promise as a relatively rapid method for determining specific gravity and absorption in a single test of an aggregate blend. However, some real differences in test values suggest that the vacuum-seal method needs refinement before it can be seamlessly substituted for traditional methods.


Through two kinds of technologies on trimming die of automobile cover parts introduced, the technology and characteristic of die blade were introduced by using repair welding. It has a good reference to some relative middle-small type of mould enterprise.


Background: Fisetin (3,7,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a dietary flavonol and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. However, high concentration of fisetin is reported to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cause cytotoxicity in cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytoprotective effects of low concentration of fisetin against tunicamycin (Tm)-mediated cytotoxicity in neuronal-like catecholaminergic PC12 cells. Methods: Cell viability was assayed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and apoptotic and autophagic markers were analyzed by Western blot. Gene expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) and Phase II enzymes was further investigated using RT-Q-PCR or Western blotting. Intracellular ROS level was measured using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) by a fluorometer. The effects of fisetin on mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) signaling pathways were examined using Western blotting and specific inhibitors. Results: Fisetin (<20 µM) restored cell viability and repressed apoptosis, autophagy and ROS production in Tm-treated cells. Fisetin attenuated Tm-mediated expression of ER stress genes, such as glucose-regulated proteins 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP also known as GADD153) and Tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3), but induced the expression of nuclear E2 related factor (Nrf)2-targeted heme oxygenase (HO)-1, glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) and cystine/glutamate transporter (xCT/SLC7A11), in both the presence and absence of Tm. Moreover, fisetin enhanced phosphorylation of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), JNK (c-JUN NH2-terminal protein kinase), and p38 MAPK. Addition of JNK and p38 MAPK inhibitor significantly antagonized its cytoprotective activity and modulatory effects on UPR. Fisetin also restored Tm-inhibited SIRT1 expression and addition of sirtinol (SIRT1 activation inhibitor) significantly blocked fisetin-mediated cytoprotection. In conclusion, this result shows that fisetin activates Nrf2, MAPK and SIRT1, which may elicit adaptive cellular stress response pathways so as to protect cells from Tm-induced cytotoxicity.


Researches on community structure of iron-reducing bacteria in paddy soil have become particularly relevant,and will provide theoretical basis for better understanding of iron-reducing mechanism.Paddy soil in this study was exhausted first by water-logged incubation,and then cultured with mix carbon source and ferrihydrite at 30 ℃ in anaerobic condition.Single strains were isolated at different time stages [0(as control group),1,7,14,21,28 and 50 d] with solid agar plate,and analyzed by 16S rDNA-RFLP method.Preserved the single-strains in ferrihydrite-LB liquid medium and observe the iron reduction potential in anaerobic culture.Results showed that 18,5,6,2,5,8 and 6 RFLP types were got in the seven different treatments respectiveyl.Diversity index showed that changes of iron-reducing bacteria community structure were significant,and the 14 d treatment had the smallest diversity and largest domain type ratio.The domain type belongs to ferment bacteria Bacillus in family Firmicutes.It suggests that ferment microorganisms and H2 they produce play an important role in microbial iron reduction.


For higher electrical insulation performance of vacuum circuit breakers (VCB), the surface insulation characteristics in vacuum should be improved. In this paper, we investigated the development mechanism of impulse surface flashover on alumina ceramic insulator in vacuum. We measured the still images and ultra fast framing images of fast developing surface flashover in synchronous with applied impulse voltage and current waveforms. The light emission transition in initiation of surface flashover was also clarified. We found the dark area was formed around the cathode and conducting channel was formed from the anode in developing process of surface flashover in vacuum.


An updated AAP federal legislative proposal to secure health care for all children and adolescents is being developed with input from AAP members, business leaders, legislators and others. "The federal government9s first priority in 1997 should be care for children," AAP President Robert Hannemann, M.D., said. "We have 12 million uninsured children in this country, most of whom come from working families. Adequate, affordable health care should be the standard for all children, not a privilege for the few."


PURPOSE: To make a housing assembly possible to conduct airtight sealing in high temperature and under high pressure by supporting a malleable annular seal flange extending between the abutting faces of two end portion flanges with one side of two flanges, interposing the step portion of the malleable annular flange in a slit. CONSTITUTION: Plural bolts or screws are inserted into the holes 38, 40, 42, 44 of a flange 34, and are screwed to the paths with thread ridge 70, 71, 72, 73 of a flange 24. The bolts or the screws interposed in the hole 38, 40, 42, 44 are provided with malleable flanges 16 so as to hold the stepped portions 26 in slits 36, the flanges 16 are compressed between the slits 36 and the step portions, and as a result a space between the slits and the step portions are annularly blocked by the flanges 16 so as to airtightly seal a separable housing 12 against a permanent housing 14. The holes 38, 40, 42 44 are formed so as to accept the plural bolts extending toward the path walls with thread ridge 70, 71 72, 73. When the plural bolts are screwed into the paths with thread ridge, the adjacent portion of the flanges 16 are thrust into the slits 36 of the permanent housing 14 by the stepped portions 26 so that airtight sealing is achieved.


Flow is a positive affective state occurring when individuals are fully immersed into an activity. Being in flow during work activities can lead to higher performance and productivity. Despite the importance of flow at work, few approaches have been proposed for its automatic recognition using sensor data and most existing studies are conducted in laboratory settings with simulated work activities. In this paper, we investigate the use of physiological data, collected using wrist-worn devices, combined with context information, obtained through self-reports, to automatically distinguish between low and high levels of flow. We investigate the role of the context for flow perceptions and in its automatic recognition. Further, we compare the performance of several sensor fusion strategies based on shallow and deep learning. To evaluate our approach we use a data set of 390 activities collected during actual work days. Our results show that using raw blood volume pulse, electrodermal activity and the type of activity as input to a sensor-based late fusion approach, implemented using convolutional neural networks, allows to reach a balanced accuracy of 70.93%.


Objective To evaluate the effect of three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods Do comparative analysis of 48 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who treated by three dimensional conformal radiation therapy and 36 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who treated by routine radiation therapy during January 2003 to December 2007, Compare curative effects and adverse effects of two treatment effects. Results The overall effective (CR+PR) rate and 3-year survival rate of the 3DCRT group were significantly higher than the traditional radiation group, (P0.05).Side effects such as radioactive dermatitis and radioactive esophagitis, recurrence and distant metastasis rate were significantly lower than traditional radiation group, (P0.05). Conclusion 3DCRT has good recent and forward curative effects to locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with low side effects, which worth clinical application.


In this paper, a structure of honeycomb with tube-connecter was analysized using finite element method. Two kinds of tube-connecter arrangement, triangular and square, were considered in the analysis. In the paper, different layout type and different structural size were discussed using different related parameters respectively. Though analysizing the stress of the different structural, the size scope of the structural combination was drawed and an optimized structure of honeycomb jacket was presented. As the application of this type structure was more and more extensive, the conclusion knowledge of this paper can be as the basis reference of the design. 


International regime complexity has become a prominent feature of the global economy and world politics. The international governance of derivatives markets is a notable case of this phenomenon in fi nance because a variety of post-crisis rules have been issued by a multitude of international standard-setting bodies. By combining the regime complexity and orchestration frameworks, we explain the precision and scope of international standards for derivatives trade reporting. We show how a collective orchestrator (the Group of Twenty) and a hub intermediary (the Financial Stability Board) managed regime complexity through the orchestration of the available intermediaries. We also seek to re fi ne the orchestration framework by explaining how the mechanism of issue de-linkage can be used to manage the partly diverging goals among states within the collective orchestrator. Our fi ndings are relevant for the global regulation and governance of other policy areas characterized by a multiplicity of actors and interlinked issues, such as trade, energy, and environmental policy.


1. Competition between herbivores often plays an important role in population ecology and appears strongest when densities are high or plant production is low. Phytophagous insects are often highly abundant, but relatively few experiments have examined competition between vertebrates and phytophagous insects.


Four previously described species included in the subgenus Allophysalis of the genus Haemaphysalis occur in high altitudes of Eurasia. A fifth species, H. (A.) garhwalensis sp. n., here described from adults from the Himalayan mountain range in Garhwal region, Uttar Pradesh, India, is structurally intermediate between H. (A.) pospelovashtromae Hoogstraal and H. (A.) tibetensis Hoogstraal. Hoogstraal (1966) included in the subgenus Allophysalis of the genus Haemaphysalis four species from high elevations in mountainous regions of Asia and southeastern Europe. These were H. (A.) kopetdaghicus Karbabayev from Turkmen SSR; H. (A.) pospelovashtromae Hoogstraal from Georgia SSR, Tadzhik SSR, Kirgiz SSR, and Chulyshman River valley, eastern Altai in RSFSR; H. (A.) tibetensis Hoogstraal from Tsela Dzong, Tsangpo valley, southeastern Tibet, and Yatung, at the mouth of Chumbi valley, southwestern Tibet; and H. (A.) warbtlrtoni Nuttall from Szechwan Province, China, and the Himalayan region of Uttar Pradesh, India. The discovery of a fifth species, H. (A.) garhwalensis sp. n., from Garhwal region in the Himalayan range of Uttar Pradesh, about 100 miles east of a collecting locality of H. warburtoni, is of considerable interest because it throws further light on distribution and on stepwise evolution within the genus Haemaphysalis. The following description is based on material collected by one of us (H.R.B.) during a field trip to areas adjoining Tibet in the Himalayan region of Uttar Pradesh, India. Haemaphysalis (Allophysalis) garhwalensis sp. n. The Garhwal Haemaphysalid (Figs. 1-12) Holotype Male, VRC No. A74807-1, from domestic sheep, Mana (altitude approximately 3,200 m), near Received for publication 16 April 1968. * The Virus Research Centre is jointly maintained by the Indian Council of Medical Research and The Rockefeller Foundation. The Centre also receives a grant (3x4307) of the PL 480 Funds from the NIH, USPHS, through the Indian Council of Medical Research. Badrinath, Chamoli District, Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3 June 1967, H. R. Bhat. Deposited in the Virus Research Centre, Poona, tick collection.


When leading off from human muscles in si tu'no potential \-ariatiom can be measured during rest. During slight contraction, individual spikes-single oscillations-occur which are an expression of the activity of single motor units. Moderate and strong muscular efforts are accompanied by an electrical activity which appears as an irregular picture due to interference phenomena by the out-of-phase activity of many motor units. By this irregular interfering activity, frequeiicies arise which may be counted but which have no relation to the impulse frequency generated by the fundamental element of motor activity, viz. the motor unit. When leading off simultaneously from different regions within the same muscle, an asynchronous activity of different motor units is practically always found. Under special conditions, a more o r less complete synchronization may occur in uornial muscles. During strong effort, some spchronization, originated centrally, may be observed, n-hile, on the other hand, segmental spinal reflexes are accompaniecl by a more complete synchronization of short duration (Hofnaann 1934, Sonamer 1941, Waciiholder 192s). I n normal individuals, synchronous activity occurs-if ever-only in the small muscles of the hand. However,


The aim of this study was to exam of inflammation level in patients with STEMI and arterial hypertension (AH) by evaluation of endogenous intoxication phenomenon. We observed of 130 patients with STEMI with or without AH. The level of endogenous intoxication measured by sorption ability of erythrocytes (SAE) method was similar in STEMI patients with or without AH, but was higher than in control group. The moderate correlation between SAE and resting HR was established in patients with STEMI and without essential AH. In STEMI patients without AH we observed the moderate direct correlation between SAE and some Echocardiography parameters (see table 5): EDS (rs= 0.55, p<0.001), ESS (rs= 0.52, p<0.001), EDV (rs= 0.50, p<0.001), ESV (rs= 0.53, p<0.001) and LVEF (rs= 0.40, p=0.012).


Taxation support is provided for occupational pension schemes throughout the world in a variety of ways. For many years, the level and distribution of this support was unquestioned. However, with the arrival of the concept of taxation expenditures (Surrey, 1973; Willis and Hardwick, 1978) and the annual quantifying of these costs for pension funds in the 1980s, there is now a greater interest in the size of the concessions provided. Yet, the costing of the taxation relief provided to pension funds presents special and significant problems and no satisfactory method has yet been used to estimate these costs.


PurposeThe goal of this research is to find the components that can inspire people to reduce food waste at household consumer level. The components were created by combining the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), theory of interpersonal behaviour (TIB) and motivation opportunity ability (MOA) model.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on the content analysis, which identifies the motivating factors for food waste reduction at the consumer household level. A total of 12 motivating factors are identified across extensive literature reviews along with opinions of experts. Then, the recognized motivating factors are analysed for causal interrelationship using the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. Data were collected from 95 experts, selected using purposive sampling, through a questionnaire survey.FindingsA total of 95 household experts expressed their views on food waste reduction motivation factors, and a decision matrix has been developed based on that. Then, opinions are analysed using the DEMATEL approach, and it was found that "perceived behavioural control (PBC)" is the most influential motivating factor for food reduction at the household consumer level. Results also showed that "knowledge and skills about proper food management at home" are the least affected factor among the others.Practical implicationsMinimizing food wastes at the consumer and household level can provide the benefits to both people and environment in multiple ways. The problem of food waste necessitates a multifaceted response, and this study aims to address consumers' motivation and capabilities to lessen food waste behaviour. Since the benefits of minimizing food wastes have often remained untapped and neglected, educational efforts should be used by policymakers to enhance household awareness of food waste.Social implicationsThe present study contributes to the inadequate research on household food waste in India and is expected to facilitate sustainable consumption.Originality/valueFood waste management is particularly difficult for developing countries, like India, which have little resources and are environmentally vulnerable. Not only is there a dearth of study on household food waste, but most of the research has been conducted in developed economies. Also, a novel applied method has been utilized in this study.


According the newdevelopment trend,the article proposed a newfishery insurance mode,definited as newfishery insurance mode four parties involved.Aimed at the problem existed in the national fishery insurance,political suggestions was gaven.Namely,impelling the development of reinsurance manager system,exploring to establish big disaster special fund of modernized agriculture,exploring to establish credit guarantee fund of modernized agriculture which could promote the development and perfection of system fitting fishery insurance.It is desired that the article could be benefit for the improvement of the national fishery insurance system.


Introduces the use of ActiveX technique,and succeed in data exchange and integrative exploitation of MATLAB VB.It combines the merits of MATLAB VB,and makes the software exploitation work of the hydraulic CAD easier and more efficient.


Metaheuristics is a family of approximation algorithms widely used to deal with optimisation problems. Among them, Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) are one of the most popular approaches. They usually have several components (genetic operators, selection operator, etc.) and parameters (mutation rate, crossover rate, etc.) which must be fixed. Therefore, one of the main drawbacks of EAs is the complexity of their parameter setting. Multiobjectivisation transforms a monoobjective problem into a multi-objective one. Multiobjectivisation is usually applied to avoid stagnation in local optima. Several multiobjectivisation approaches make use of some parameters that must be specified by the user. These more advanced multiobjectivisation methods might improve results for some optimisation problems [1]. However, they introduce more components and parameters into the optimisation scheme so they hinder even more the parameter setting of an EA. In this work, two different instances of the Frequency Assignment Problem [2] (FAP) have been multiobjectivised in order to avoid stagnation in local optima. A novel artificial function based on calculating the Euclidean distance to the nearest neighbour in the population, considering the decision space has been applied. The novelty of this approach resides in the incorporation of a threshold ratio (th ∈ [0, 1]) which must be specified by the user. Such a multiobjectivisation is named DCN-THR. The main aim of this work has been the control of the parameter th by different methods. There exist different techniques to carry out this parameter setting. Among them, hyperheuristics are one of the most used approaches [3]. Fuzzy logic systems have also been applied with success to control several parameters of different metaheuristics [4]. Other approaches are based in the self-adaptation of the parameters [5]. In this work the parameter th has been controlled by a hyperheuristic, a fuzzy logic system, and it has also been self-adapted. In order to obtain better results in less time, a parallel homogeneous island-based model [6] has been applied. Such a parallel model has made use of the fuzzy logic system. Computational results have demonstrated the validity of the parameter setting proposals. The best-known frequency plan for one of the instances of the FAP has been improved. II. OPTIMISATION SCHEMES


With rapid economic development,how can we deal with the challenge of population security? Based on rural family planning needs for the target population's social security requirement and institutional supply bias,Jiangsu southern area has channeled the benefit guidance into the overall social security,established long-term security mechanisms,improved policy guarantee systems,built public service platforms,and ensured government financial input for the purpose of improving the social security effectiveness of the family planning work and promoting population security.


The aim of the present study was to explore the correlations between physico-chemical characteristics and sensory measures of fresh apple juice from 9 varieties.The results showed that: 1) there were significant correlations among partial physico-chemical characteristics of apple juice;2) significant correlations were found between physicochemical characteristics and sensory measures of apple juice.The fruity aroma of apple juice was significantly correlated with its pH and titratable acidity.A positive correlation was observed between the faint scent and color value or total sugar content.The astringent taste had a positive correlation with the titratable acidity total phenol content or buffer capacity,but revealed a negative correlation with the pH,sugar/acid ratio or solid/acid ratio.The acidic taste was correlated with the pH,total sugar content,titratable acidity,buffer capacity,sugar/acid ratio or solid/acid ratio.Moreover,the sweet taste presented a correlation with soluble solid content(SSC),titratable acidity,buffer capacity or solid/acid ratio;3)the developed regression model for taste evaluation of apple juice was significant,indicating that there are good correlations between physicochemical characteristics and sensory measures of fresh apple juice.Thus physicochemical characteristics can be measures for predictive analysis of the sensory quality of fresh apple juice.


The copolymerisation of olefins and carbon monoxide using a palladiumdiphosphine catalyst has been simulated by optimising the stationary points in the reaction pathway using ab-initio chemistry, using SDD basis sets (augmented by polarisation functions on selected chemically active atoms) and the B3-LYP method. Further information about the reaction pathways was obtained using the Intrinsic Reaction Co-ordinate process. The mechanism of the propagation cycle was fully analysed and the results agreed with earlier findings that there were no energy barriers in the reaction cycle that cannot be overcome at temperatures as low as 50°C. It also supported the theory that the olefin insertion step was the rate-determining step, with CO insertion as the next slowest step. A number of new findings were also made; in particular, reaction pathways were determined for the addition of new CO and olefin ligands to equatorial sites. Supplementary work carried out included considering two possible mechanisms for initiation of the copolymerisation process, where olefin insertion into a palladium-hydride bond was thought to dominate over carbon monoxide insertion into a palladium-methoxy bond. Double insertion was also tested, and the findings agreed with earlier research and theory that the double CO step is thermodynamically forbidden, whilst double olefin insertion is possible but uncompetitive with the CO insertion step. However, additional findings suggested that the strong Pd-O coordinate bond contributes towards lack of double olefin insertion, and addition of CO to an equatorial site competes with olefin addition after CO insertion, possibly hindering the following olefin insertion step. Termination was not investigated, but a pattern was observed where a four co-ordinate structure was maintained whenever possible, which suggested that termination by methanolysis would dominate. Therefore, one would expect a keto-end group to be formed on initiation and an esterend group to be formed on termination. Finally, this thesis considers how some of the properties the these reaction mechanisms can be accounted for in terms of electronic structure


Hardware obfuscation has been proposed as a hardware security measure against reverse engineering, intellectual property (IP) piracy and integrated circuits (IC) overbuilding. In this paper, we present a novel method of obfuscation using a hierarchical approach. In the design flow, IP vendors obfuscate their designs using a set of keys and provide these keys to the design house. The design house then integrates all the IPs and adds its own keys to create a complete obfuscated system. This prevents both misuse of IPs and illegal use of ICs since only secure parties have access to the correct keys. The obfuscation at each level is performed using a mode-based approach in which the design can operate in meaningful and non-meaningful modes. The design is functionally correct in only one mode. An attacker needs to work through different levels of the design to correctly decipher its operation and correct working mode. Since each of the IPs can work in multiple meaningful modes, the attack becomes more difficult as the number of IPs increases. These ideas are demonstrated using a convolution architecture with fast Fourier transform (FFT) blocks. With only about 13% area and 15% power overhead over an unobfuscated design, it is shown that the proposed design has the flexibility to be obfuscated with different key sizes and overheads depending on the level of security.


The invention discloses an injection molding method of a plastic frame and a forming die used in the same. The injection molding method comprises an injection molding step, and is characterized in that in the injection molding step, molten plastics are injected into a die cavity through nozzles and a hot runner casting system by adopting a plastic injection molding machine, wherein, hot runner sprues in the hot runner casting system adopt a feeding mode on the end surfaces of the sides of the plastic frame. The forming die comprises a stationary die, a moving die, the die cavity and the casting system, and is characterized in that the hot runner casting system is arranged on the moving die, and the hot runner sprues are positioned on the die cavity to realize the feeding mode on the end surfaces of the sides of the plastic frame. The injection molding method has the beneficial effects that during the injection molding process of the plastic frame, no cold plastic scraps can be generated, thus saving raw materials, shortening the forming cycle, and improving the production efficiency; and meanwhile sprue marks are avoided on the front face of a plastic part product (the plastic frame), thus ensuring the appearance quality of the product.


Stand-alone devices perform their functions without human intervention. These types of devices would benefit from capabilities that allow collaboration among the devices in order to maximize service availability, as well as dynamic adaptation of the devices to user requirements in order to minimize resource usage. For example, when detecting a malfunction in one of the devices, the system should find devices with similar functionality to recover the overall service by functionality substitution. Additionally, for example, in the context of a user with hearing loss, the system should utilize devices with visual feedback functionality and disable audio feedback functionality to conserve resources. In this paper, we describe the implementation of a method to detect similar functionalities between heterogeneous devices, denoted Lightweight Machine to Machine Resource Pragmatic Distance (LwRPD). We define that devices are pragmatically close if they can be substituted with each other in order to perform a specific function in a particular context. We implement the method for enabling the aforementioned capabilities in specific use cases, using resources from real-life devices, to demonstrate the benefits. We also compare LwRPD with a multi-agent pragmatic similarity metric, Fuzzy logic and Levenshtein distance techniques, demonstrating LwRPD superiority over those techniques.


The study aims to explore the level of students" satisfaction whether it correlates to the extent of instructional performance of faculty members in a higher education institution. Strategic Performance Management System (SPMS) results on the instruction of the last three semesters (2015-2017) were gathered as data for instructional performance. An instrument that measures the level of students" satisfaction (Punongbayan&Bauyon, 2015) was administered among 3,660 students through purposive sampling. Spearman was utilized to test whether the students" satisfaction correlated to instructional performance. Results showed that the instructional performance of the faculty members of the last three semesters was plummeting very satisfactorily. A weak correlation was revealed of the students" satisfaction with instructional performance. Relative to the findings, it is recommended to take action on the instructional practices to improve students" satisfaction amid challenges in higher education in the 21st century.


The cysteine-rich N-terminal domain of the micronemal adhesive protein MIC1 (MIC1-NT) from Toxoplasma gondii was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. MIC1-NT is amenable to structural studies as shown by preliminary NMR and X-ray analysis. Positive results with two further micronemal proteins indicate that our strategy has wider application.


Abstract Objectives The main intention of this paper is to propose a new Improved K-means clustering algorithm, by optimally tuning the centroids. Methods This paper introduces a new melanoma detection model that includes three major phase's viz. segmentation, feature extraction and detection. For segmentation, this paper introduces a new Improved K-means clustering algorithm, where the initial centroids are optimally tuned by a new algorithm termed Lion Algorithm with New Mating Process (LANM), which is an improved version of standard LA. Moreover, the optimal selection is based on the consideration of multi-objective including intensity diverse centroid, spatial map, and frequency of occurrence, respectively. The subsequent phase is feature extraction, where the proposed Local Vector Pattern (LVP) and Grey-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM)-based features are extracted. Further, these extracted features are fed as input to Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) for melanoma detection. Results Finally, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated over other conventional models by determining both the positive as well as negative measures. From the analysis, it is observed that for the normal skin image, the accuracy of the presented work is 0.86379, which is 47.83% and 0.245% better than the traditional works like Conventional K-means and PA-MSA, respectively. Conclusions From the overall analysis it can be observed that the proposed model is more robust in melanoma prediction, when compared over the state-of-art models.


Education should play an important role in sustainable development. However, we were also faced with the enculturation in the education systems that contribute to the literacy of the environmental issue and challenges in maintaining sustainable development. In this review, we aimed to synthesize the recent research findings on how enculturation was developed among students through social and cultural factors and the role of education for sustainable development. In synthesizing the enculturation in the education system, we found several contributing social and cultural factors such as family cultural background and parental values, school systems, teachers' beliefs, and the attitudes and appraisal of students used in the different school environments. Co-existing differences were also found when examining the environmental issue literacy among students from different cultures in the studies along with energy literacy and ocean literacy from cross-cultural studies perspectives. Drawing on these findings, we further add on how education for sustainable development in different cultures was integrated and emphasized in their existing school curricula to help other cultures to learn more about how education for sustainable development was developed across cultural contexts.


Corn is the third culture on economic value in world production of grain what an important role I have played her continuous selection and genetic improvement in. In this regard production of seeds and grain of hybrids of corn is the most successfully developing direction in agrarian branch of the republic. In new economic conditions specification and unification of methods of assessment of efficiency of the held events for protection of plants of stabilization of a grain agrotsenoz on the basis of regulation of number of harmful types is required. The carried-out research work on experimental crops of corn of ISH KBNTs RAS is devoted to this subject.


The high mobility of the vehicle-to-vehicle( VTV) and vehicle-to-roadside( VTR) wireless communication brings about the large Doppler shift and the angel of arrival( AOA) of a scattered wave does not meet the uniform probability density function( PDF). In order to cope with the problem,this paper utilizes two methods to perform channel modeling. One is making use of the PDF proposed by R. von Mises to model the AOA of multipath scattering signal,the other is to model by studying the relative movement between the receiver and transmitter,called AKKI channel. Using autoregressive model method,this paper establishes different VTV and VTR channels by changing the parameters such as the average AOA,transmitter and receiver speed rate and the width of AOA. The simulation results show that the simulated values of the channels are almost the same as the theoretical ones and the three parameters greatly influence the second-order statistical properties of the channels. To further verify the effect of this proposed channels in VTV and VTR communications,the paper establishes the testbench based on IEEE 802. 11 p,the next generation VTV and VTR communication protocol,in Matlab. Three channel models are simulated in IEEE802. 11 p testbench. The result shows that the bit error rate( BER) of system with AKKI channel model is 17. 17 d B higher than that of with the simple two-dimensional non-isotropic channel model,with the maximum Doppler frequency shift of790 Hz and signal-to-noise ratio( SNR) of 5 d B. The system BER increases with the speed and the modulation order. The simulation results establish the base of the stable communication of VTV or VTR.


Biostimulants of plant growth represent a major opportunity for securing healthy seedlings that are more adaptable to the stresses of the process of transplantation in definite areas, following their nursery stage. Humic substances (HS), particularly humic acid fraction (HA), are considered potential plant growth promoting agents. The main effect observed with the use of HA is related to the growth stimulation of lateral roots, an effect similar to that of auxin phytohormone, which increases the plants' ability to absorb nutrients and water. The Water-soluble humic matters obtained from organic compounds have also been indicated as a potential plant growth promoting agent. Nevertheless, studies involving the use of such substances in forest species of interest for environmental recovery programs and sustainable exploitation of wood are still incipient. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the biostimulant potential of HAs and Water-soluble humic matters in Calophyllum brasiliensis Cambess seedlings during their growth phase in the nursery. The experiment was carried out at the Biological Station of the University of Brasilia, using increasing doses of HA (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 10.0; 20.0 and 40.0 mg L -1 ) and of Water-soluble humic matter (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 10.0; 20.0 and 40.0 mg L -1 ), both extracted from vermicompost. The effects of potential biostimulants were evaluated independently by following an entirely randomized design with eight replications, totalizing 48 observations. An increase of 40% in root diameter was observed with the applied dose of 20 mg L -1 and of 33% in length of the main root was observed with the applied dose of 40 mg L -1 HA. The additions of 40 mg L -1 watersoluble humic matters resulted in increments of 52%, 35% and 36% for the number of lateral roots, leaf area index and shoot length, respectively. Therefore, the use of biostimulants have proven a positive influence in root development, growth, and leaf area index of Calophyllum brasiliensis Cambess seedlings.


A detailed report is presented on the first published case of a concomitant squint in an adult, with deep amblyopia with eccentric fixation in the left eye, in which operative intervention alone normalized inhibition, fixation and correspondence simultaneously. The mechanism of this normalization is explained.


This document is an inofficial LTEX template to be used to create a suitably formatted submission for the Journal of Vision. It considers the changed layout requirements as of 2010. The complete instructions for manuscript preparation are available at http://www.journalofvision.org/site/misc/ifora.xhtml. This is the text of the abstract. This version of the template is dated November 26, 2010. The template makes your LTEX manuscript look similar to Journal of Vision articles. However, in contrast to the two-column JOV articles, manuscripts are in single colum mode.


It is widely agreed that nurses need a new uniform that is safe for lifting. This is good sense, but any suggestion that a new uniform should be either a trouser suit or culottes is highly unpopular with most nurses. The vast majority of nurses reject any notion that we should abandon uniforms altogether.


The time course of release of an extracellular matrix (ECM) from conidia of the barley powdery mildew pathogen Blumeria graminis was investigated by scanning electron and light microscopy. Conidia released the ECM material preferentially onto a hydrophobic surface and release was detected within 20 s of contact of a conidium with the substratum. No such rapid release of an ECM could be detected when conidia were deposited onto the hydrophilic surface of clean glass. A limited amount of ECM was, however, released from conidia onto the hydrophilic surface of a hydrated cellulose membrane. A time study on hydrophobic plastic revealed that although the ECM was clearly present within the first hour after contact of the conidium with the substratum, it was much reduced in quantity after 12 h incubation. The ECM was demonstrated by micromanipulation and light microscopy to be present as a liquid at the contact interface of the conidium and the substratum. The ECM could not be detected by SEM beneath conidia on leaves, but light microscopy and micromanipulation demonstrated that the ECM could be detected beneath some conidia on the waxy surface of an epidermal strip taken from the abaxial surface of a barley leaf. The ECM material stained positively for protein and could not be removed from the conidium interface by vacuum desiccation in the scanning electron microscope indicating that the ECM is not simply water.


Physicians are taught the old adage that when you hear hoof beats, "think horses, not zebras" when diagnosing common symptoms. According to two recent studies by Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions' researchers, physicians aren't thinking "allergy" enough when it comes to their asthmatic patients.


The Xiangyang reticulate red clay section was newly sampled in high-resolution. The viewpoints different from the previous studies[1-7] are put forward after studying Munsell color values, weathering degrees, magnetic parameters and stable carbon isotopic compositions of the section. They are as follows: (1) The curves of hue, DCB extracted iron (Fed), DCB extracted iron/total iron ratio (Fed/Fet), weathering index (BA) of the section show that the redness is not significantly correlated with the weathering degree of the layers though the uppermost yellow-brown-colored layer is relatively weakly weathered. The variation in hues of the section is possibly attributed to the change of hematite and goethite contents. It is insufficient to determine the existence of the multiple deposit-pedogenesis cycles in the section, like the loess-paleosol sequence in Chinese Loess Plateau, only by the color variation. (2) Magnetic susceptibility (?) values in the non-reticulate and weakly reticulate layers are high; but are quite low in the reticulate red clay layer. The former are more than ten times higher than the latter because of the leaching and collapse of superparamagnetic (SP) and stable single domain (SSD) magnetic particles during the plinthitic processes. Hence, ? values in the section are not controlled by weathering and pedogenic processes, and no longer have clear paleoclimatic implication. It is not correct to prove the existence of the multiple deposit-pedogenesis cycles in the section using ? curves. (3) The organic ??13C curve of the section illustrates the reduction of forests and increasing of C4 plants in the study area since the late stage of the Quaternary period. It could not prove the existence of the multiple deposit-pedogenesis cycles in the section either. (4) As a matter of fact, it is difficult to prove the existence of the multiple deposit-pedogenesis cycles in the Xiangyang section like the loess-paleosol sequence in Chinese Loess Plateau using the evidence available currently.


Abstract We compared the migratory bird assemblage at a high-elevation site in central New Mexico (Capilla Peak in the Manzano Mountains) with the bird assemblage at a low-elevation riparian corridor site (Rio Grande Nature Center State Park in Albuquerque). During fall 2001–2003, we used mist nets to sample these bird assemblages. We found greater species richness at the low-elevation site than at the high-elevation site, both overall and for most migratory and resident subgroups. However, at the high-elevation site we captured more species that may have had local origins at high elevations. Over the course of the study, capture rates were similar between sites, but there was greater annual variation in capture rates at the high-elevation site than at the low-elevation site. Several species were captured at higher rates at one site versus the other, and some were captured strictly at one or the other site. Our data showed that both sites supported many species in large numbers, and both riparian and montane habitats in the southwestern U.S.A. should be recognized for their importance as potential stopover sites for migrating birds.


The crystal structure for the negative regulator (AmiC) of the amidase operon from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been solved at a resolution of 2.1 A. AmiC is the amide sensor protein in the amidase operon and regulates the activity of the transcription antitermination factor AmiR, which in turn regulates amidase expression. The AmiC structure consists of two domains with an alternating beta‐alpha‐beta topology. The two domains are separated by a central cleft and the amide binding site is positioned in this cleft at the interface of the domains. The overall fold for AmiC is extremely similar to that for the leucine‐isoleucine‐valine binding protein (LivJ) of Escherichia coli despite only 17% sequence identity, however, the two domains of AmiC are substantially closed compared with LivJ. The closed structure of AmiC is stabilized significantly by the bound acetamide, suggesting a molecular mechanism for the process of amide induction. The amide binding site is extremely specific for acetamide and would not allow a closed conformation in the presence of the anti‐inducer molecule butyramide.


Polimorbidity is a specific feature of diseases of the elderly. A cardio pathology is the most frequent among elderly patients. In recent years a lot of attention is focused on the role of a neuro-immune and endocrine system in pathological processes. In connection with this it becomes topical to develop such methods of medical research as molecular immune cytochemistry that can signify a level of molecular biomarkers. It will help to develop a certain way of treatment of elderly patients and to add in accordance with the modern level of knowledge to the traditional methods of diagnosis and assessment of effectiveness. The aim of our research is to study the biomarkers of polymorbidity continuum at worsening of somatic diseases on the example of a cardiovascular pathology. 258 patients have taken part in the research. We have measured the level of TNF-a, IL-6 in a blood serum, and the level of immunoproteins (IgG and IgM) by an immunoenzymic method. A high level of cytokinemia on a TNF-a marker is typical for a chronic heart failure both among the middle-aged (40–49 years old) and the elderly (60–74 years old). Besides, a rise in cytokinemia is more frequent among the elderly: at I-II functional class – in 1.6 times, at III functional class – in 1.3 times, at IV functional class – in 1.3 times. A chronic heart failure is characterized by an immune status disorder and a rise in the level of Ig M and Ig G. The expressiveness of the above mentioned disorders depends on the disease itself and on the accompanying pathologies.


The Road Accident Fund (RAF) is a public entity established in terms of the Road Accident Fund Act 56 of 1996 (the Act) as amended, to compensate victims of road accidents where serious injury or death arose as a consequence of wrongdoing or fault.
Central to the payment of a claim under the current legislative framework is the common law principle of delict where fault must be proven before a claimant is compensated. As a consequence, the historic trend has been to determine fault and the extent of compensation in the courts, through a highly litigious process, which has seen claimants appointing third party attorneys to claim against the RAF. The RAF in turn appoint legal representatives through a panel of attorneys to defend the matters over what is a considerably lengthy period of time.


We defined the equivalence class of random variable by"d=" and given the concept for closed property linear combination of random variable. In this paper, we obtain results in the following: Characteristic prirerty of the linear combination of random variable to be closed. Let M is my equivalence class, can choose linear combination of random variable in M, but the linear combination don't belong to M. can choose linear combination of random variables in M, the linear combination belong to M. some time, we given the constitutional method for the above conclusions.


By continuously raising the speed of urban travel and reducing its costs, innovations in transportation technology and investments in the resulting physical infrastructure have provided a powerful impetus for continuing decentralization of urban areas. These same developments have also fostered rapid growth in the demand for transportation services within urban areas, reshaping the spatial and temporal patterns of personal travel and freight transportation at the same time as they have influenced the developing geography of urban land uses. This chapter discusses the following topics: transportation costs and location decisions; effects of changes in transportation costs; transportation's influence on urban land use; land use and transportation models; the effect of land use on travel behavior; transportation and land use: a reassessment.


The world in which we live is over brimming with chaos and turbulence. Unpredictability has become the order of the day. Everything around us seems to be in a state of continuous flux. We are trapped in the vortex of an unending cyclone of change. The very existence of humankind is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, so to say. We as a species are striving and struggling to survive in a world that can at best be summarily described by a four-letter acronym called VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, Ambiguous). The world in general and the corporate world in particular needs to thinks about devising concrete strategies to overcome the challenges offered by these four dominant characteristic waves sweeping the environment. The paper aims to understand the volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity inherent in the environment in detail, to analyse the challenges offered by them and to finally explore the solutions to overcome these challenges.


HANI.Il:V. H. (I !156), "Surl\"lcal Corre('tion of Errors of Testicular Tpmperature Regulatton", In "Proceedings of Second World Congress on Fertility and Sterility, Naples": 953. HANLEY, H. G., and HARRISON, R. G. (1962), "The Nature and Surgical Treatment of Varicocele", Bnt. J. Surg., 60: 64. HARKNESS, R. A., BELL. E. T" LORAINE. J. A" and MORSE, \V. I. (964). "The EtTect of Clomiphene on Endocrine Function in Normal Men", J, Endoar" 31: 63. HARBISON, R. G. (1952), "Functional Importance of the Vascularization of the Testis and Epididymis for the Maintenance of Normal Spermatogenesis", FertCl. and Stent, 3: 366. HELLER, C. G., and MOORE, D. J, (1963), "Dichotomy between Total Gonadotropins (H.P.G.) and I.C.S.H. Excretions Produced by Clomiphene". Clin. Res., 11: 111. HERRMANN. W. L. (1963). "Drug Induced Ovulation", presented at a combined meeting of German, Austrian and Swiss Sodeties of Obstetrics and GYDlllcology, Zurich. October 4, 1963. JUNGCK, E. C., Roy, S., GREENBLATT, R. G., and MAHERH, V. B. (1964>. "EtTect of Clomiphene Citrate on Spermatogenesis in the Human", Fertil. and Stenl., 15: 40. MELLINGER, R. C., and THOMPSON, R. J. (1966), "EtTect of Clomiphene Citrate in Male Infertility", Fertfl. and Stenl., 17: 94. MORSE. W. I .• and HARKNESS, R. A. (1963), "The EtTe('t of Clomiphene (MRL-41) on Urinary Steroid Excretion In Normal Male Subjects", abstracted in J. Endoar., 26: 28. PALOMO, A. (1949), "Radical Cure of Varicocele by a New Technique: Preliminary Report", J. Urol. (BtdtimoreJ, 61: 604. SCOTT, L. S. (1966). "Improved Fertility Following Varicocele Ligation", Fifth World Congress of Fertility and Sterility, June. 1966, Stockholm, Sweden, International Congress Series, Excerpta Medica Foundation, No. 109: 84.


Defects in the abdominal wall are frequent in surgeries and biomaterials are being used to fix or strengthen traumatized or devitalizeds tissues. Laparorrafy use grafts and herniorrafy use surgical screens. Unfortunately, there are a few disadvantages in the use of those materials, due to the lack of elasticity, since the person grows up and they don't, and they cause a big inflammatory reaction. So, it must be removed as soon as the tissue heals. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the histological behavior of the tunica albuginea as a graft in repairs in the abdominal wall of dogs, through the evaluation of tissue reactions and healing processes. The experiment was done according to the standards of the Brazilian College of Animal Trials and by the ethics committee for the use of lab animals in research, teaching and extension (CEPAL) of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Twelve adult male dogs, without defined breed (WDB), weighting 15 kg and without castration were submitted to the experiment. They were randomly distributed in three groups: control (C), simulation (S) and test (T). Orquiectomy and a retroumbilical medium celiotomy with a five centimeter incision length followed by laparorrafy using Polypropylene 3-0 were performed in the S and T groups. The tunica albuginea was applied in the T group to strengthen the wall. The animals were reoperated in the 7, 35 and 60 following days of the post surgical period, to remove the fragment of the surgical wound of approximately 5 centimeters. This fragment was fixed in 10% formaldehyde to analyze the histological characteristics. After the routine histological processing, they were stained to identify the fibrous connective tissue through Hematoxylin and Eosin and Gomori Trichrome. The microscopical analysis was done using light microscope in 10, 20 and 40 lenses. In the histological evaluation of the control group's tunica albuginea there were observed normal structural characteristics localized in the inner and outer region of the tunica, beyond its vasculous tunica. There wasn't observed many polimorfonucleares focus, neither the presence of many blood vessels in the evaluation of the fragments extracted from the abdominal wall within seven days of the post-operational period in the simulation group. But in the test group, there were many polimorfonucleares and many blood vessels. In the histological evaluation of the simulation group's material within 35 days, there weren't been found many blood vessels in the connective tissue of normal aspect, and there weren't many polimorfonucleares, while on the test group, the tissue presented intense proliferation of fibroblasts and great vascularity. In the histological evaluation within 60 days, there were observed characteristics of the end of healing process. Thus, we conclude that autologous tunica albuginea is a biomaterial that is easy to obtain and easy to apply in Veterinarian Medicine, serving as support or offering its own constitution to the development of the healing process, being effective in the repair of the abdominal wall in dogs.


This article is based on the assumption that theoretical contributions from the global South – and in this case, from Africa, do not need to be radically different from existing theories to constitute an advancement in terms of engendering a better understanding of international relations. Reinterpretations or modifications of existing frameworks and the introduction of new concepts for understanding are equally important. This is an accepted practice in mainstream IR, where existing theories are constantly amended and revisited. One need only consider the various incarnations of realist thought.While adaptations and conceptual innovations by western scholars are recognised as legitimate and adopted into the canon of theory, this is not always the case with similar contributions emerging from outside of the West. This article will examine three examples of such contributions by African scholars.1The first group of scholars reinterpreted the concept of "middle power," arguing that there are specific characteristics that set emerging middle powers like South Africa apart from traditional middle powers. The second, Deon Geldenhuys, developed the concept "isolated states" and generated a novel analytical framework to categorise states based on indicators of isolation. Finally, Thomas Tieku draws on the African worldview of ubuntu in calling for the state to be reconceptualised in a collectivist, societal way. It is hoped that these examples will illustrate that there are theoretical innovations emerging from the Global South that can assist us in not only better understanding international relations in a particular part of the world, but can in fact provide greater insights into the field as a whole.


The nonequilibrium transport of suspended sediment in an open channel is studied at an abrupt change from a nonerodible to an erodible bed. The convective-diffusion equation is solved for the case of constant velocity distribution and parabolic eddy diffusion coefficient. Diffusion in the direction of flow is neglected. Graphs of the concentration distribution, the channel-depth average concentration and the scour rate are presented.


Magnetic levitation techniques [1]-[3] have been used in various industry areas. Recently, although adopting magnetic levitation techniques in a process line for very thin steel plates is expected to maintain the high quality of the plate surfaces, the realization has not been achieved. The reason is that the control for magnetic levitation is very difficult due to the magnetic saturation and the vibration of thin steel plate [4]. However, we had already established stable magnetic levitation, guidance and conveyance control for 1.6mm-thick steel plates without any contact. Fig.1 shows the magnetic levitation system for the thin steel plate that consists of four electromagnets, four gap sensors, two sideslip sensors, and LabVIEW-PXI (DSP with A/D and D/A converters).


In this paper,the principal component analysis of the middle financial statement in 2004 is discussed.According to 25 electric power listed companies,we deduce the financial dimensions set from 11 to 2 dimensions,and the first two principal components contains 95 percent of the total variance.


A new method is proposed to improve the cut growth resistance of polyether-based polyurethane elastomers, i.e., polyethers used in this method are characterized by a double-humped distribution of molecular weight (DHDM), prepared by blending low-molecular-weight components and high-molecular-weight ones. The measurements of stress–strain curves, viscoelastic properties, and DSC thermograms of polyurethane elastomers before and after fatigue tests indicate that the destruction of the super molecular structure because of fatigue is smaller in the elastomer by our method, while in the conventional elastomer it is greatly destructed to change into fibrous structure. Further, the broad line NMR measurements show that the molecular motion of DHDM-type elastomers is more active, which is considered to contribute to the improved cut growth resistance of the elastomers.


Advances in technology leads to dramatic lowering of MOSFET channel length. However short channel effects (SCE) degrade device performance and put a limit to scaling down of device dimensions. Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) is such an effect where threshold voltage rolls off and sub-threshold current increases significantly. Study of the surface potential is important for understanding DIBL. In this paper we propose a numerical model to calculate the variation in surface potential by solving the 2-D Poisson's equation, starting from a more accurate expression for the charge distribution. The results agree with the expected trend.


Compressing in-memory data is a cost-effective solution for dealing with the memory demand from data-intensive applications. This paper proposes a fast data compression algorithm for in-memory data that improves performance by utilizing the characteristics frequently observed from in-memory data.


China is restructuring its power sector and one of the main tasks of power sector reformation is to establish regional power markets. East China Power Market has attracted special attention because it is one of the pilot regional power markets in China and more importantly it operates the first Day-Ahead energy market in China. On May 2004, East China started simulative operation of monthly ahead energy market. On October 2005, East China started simulated operation of Day- Ahead energy market and shifted to the trial-operation on April 2006. This paper outlines the fundamental features of East China power market and provides an overview of the IT infrastructure pertaining to the East China market. The market design, architecture and trading modes for East China market are described. The basic architecture and functionalities of East China Market Operation System are introduced. In the end, the experience gained from market operation and challenges in the future are discussed. (6 pages)


This report presents computational analyses that simulate the structural response of caverns at the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Bryan Mound site. The cavern field comprises 20 caverns. Five caverns (1, 2, 4, and 5; 3 was later plugged and abandoned) were acquired from industry and have unusual shapes and a history dating back to 1946. The other 16 caverns (101-116) were leached according to SPR standards in the mid-1980s and have tall cylindrical shapes. The history of the caverns and their shapes are simulated in a 3-D geomechanics model of the site that predicts deformations, strains, and stresses. Future leaching scenarios due to oil drawdowns using fresh water are also simulated by increasing the volume of the caverns. Cavern pressures are varied in the model to capture operational practices in the field. The results of the finite element model are interpreted to provide information on the current and future status of subsidence, well integrity, and cavern stability. The most significant result in this report is relevant to caverns 1, 2, and 5. The caverns have non-cylindrical shapes and have potential regions where the surrounding salt may be damaged during workover procedures. During a workover the normal cavern operating pressure is lowered more » to service a well. At this point the wellhead pressures are atmospheric. When the workover is complete, the cavern is repressurized. The resulting elastic stresses are sufficient to cause tension and large deviatoric stresses at several locations. With time, these stresses relax to a compressive state due to salt creep. However, the potential for salt damage and fracturing exists. The analyses predict tensile stresses at locations with sharp-edges in the wall geometry, or in the case of cavern 5, in the neck region between the upper and lower lobes of the cavern. The effects do not appear to be large-scale, however, so the only major impact is the potential for stress-induced salt falls in cavern 5, potentially leading to hanging string damage. Caverns 1 and 2 have no significant issues regarding leachings due to drawdowns; cavern 5 may require a targeted leaching of the neck region to improve cavern stability and lessen hanging string failure potential. The remaining caverns have no significant issues regarding cavern stability and may be safely enlarged during subsequent oil drawdowns. Well strains are significant and consequently future remedial actions may be necessary. Well strains certainly suggest the need for appropriate monitoring through a well-logging program. Subsidence is currently being monitored; there are no issues identified regarding damage from surface subsidence or horizontal strain to surface facilities. « less


Background Chronic rhinosinusitis is a difficult-to-treat disease that is often characterized by recurrent nasal polyp (NP) growth following surgical removal. The disease has been separated into distinct phenotypes based on cellular infiltrate or underlying physiological mechanisms. NPs are composed in part of an inflammatory cellular infiltrate, blood vessels, and a large amount of extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite the recognition of prominent ECM deposition, few studies have examined the components in detail and how they might differ with disease state. Objective The purpose of this study was to quantitate the expression of ECM components in NPs. Methods NPs were stained with pico-sirius red to determine total collagen content, and immunofluorescence was used to detect collagen I, collagen III, collagen IV, fibronectin, and laminin. Expression of each was quantitated and analyzed in relation to rhinosinusitis phenotype and separately as a function of polyp eosinophil number. Results When analyzed by phenotype, collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin were expressed at the highest levels in noneosinophilic sinus disease. Collagen IV was not different among any groups, and its location was found predominately around vessels. When analyzed as a function of polyp eosinophil number, total collagen and collagen III showed a significant inverse correlation. Conclusions NP ECM composition differs with disease state with higher expression in cases where eosinophil levels are low. This suggests that in eosinophilic polyps there is a loss of matrix deposition either through break down or a failure to produce the essential components. Understanding these differences may identify new therapeutic targets.


Viruses have been attracting continuous interest from the viewpoint of physics. In particular, virus exhibits anomalous diffusion in cytoplasm of a living cell [1]. There, in marked contrast to traditional anomalous diffusion [2,3], the anomalous-diffusion exponent fluctuates depending on localized areas of the cytoplasm. Here, a discussion about the deviation of the statistical distribution of such exponent fluctuations [4] is developed. An assumption on the blocks identified with the localized areas in a maximum-entropy-principle approach is examined. Based on the approach, then the deviation from a recently proposed fluctuation distribution is studied in analogy with Einstein's theory of fluctuations of the thermodynamic quantities [5]. In a certain class of small deviations, it is found that the deviation obeys the multivariate Gaussian distribution.


This study identifies the relationship between the personality traits and achievements in solving the mathematics HOTS questions of 254 Year Six students from three primary schools in Ulu Tiram. The findings from the personality questionnaire and the mathematics HOTS question paper were an-alysed. The findings showed that the main dominant personality traits of the students were the openness followed by extraversion, neuroticism and agreeableness. For the achievement in the HOTS paper, 61 students scored highly, 55 in the very high category, and the rest were in the very low, low and medium categories. The result of regression analysis showed that the predictor of the standardised predictive coefficient of the neurotic characteristic (ᵦ = −.132) was significant, while the correlation value of students' achievement and neurotic personality trait was 0.132. This showed that the relationship between students' neuroticism and their achievement in solving the mathe-matics HOTS question was very low. Therefore, only neuroticism out of the five types of personality traits contributed to the achievement of Year Six students in solving the mathematics HOTS ques-tion. Hence, the findings conclude that personality traits are not the main factor affecting the achievement of the Year Six students in solving mathematics HOTS questions.


In this paper, we study notion of the Lie algebra  of dimension 6. The finite dimensional Lie algebra can be expressed in terms of decomposition between Levi subalgebra and the maximal solvable ideal. This form of decomposition is called Levi decomposition. The work aims to obtain Levi decomposition of Frobenius Lie algebra of dimension 6. To achieve this aim, we compute Levi subalgebra and the maximal solvable ideal (radical) of  with respect to its basis. To obtain Levi subalgebra and the maximal solvable ideal, we apply literature reviews about Lie algebra and decomposition Levi in Dagli result. For future research, decomposition Levi for higher dimension of Frobenius Lie algebra  is still an open problem.


Election as a process of selecting those that will represent the interest of the masses need to be free, fair and credible. For an election to be credible, free and fair in which its result would be accepted by all, there is need for the actors/stakeholders of the electoral process to vigorously discharge their respective duties and obligation in the exercise. The electoral bodies, the civil society, the judiciary, political parties, the mass media, and even the masses who are the electorates are to be adequately orientated, cultured and given awareness on the beauty of participating in the selection process of their leaders. Despite the fact that, the voting behaviour of masses during an election tell more about the success of the system, but the actors or stakeholders involved in the electoral process can influence the level of voters' turnout in an election, by given the electorates regular orientation and awareness on the electoral system in the society. The study makes use of MoralityImplicit Theory to explain how the electoral process can be free and fair, if the actors involved in the process imbibed moral value and transparency in discharging their duties to the system without fear or favour. This study therefore is a qualitative in nature that employs the use of secondary source of data to explain the mechanism towards free, fair and credible election in Africa


This article explores the response of the Northern Ireland government to the Jewish refugee crisis during the years preceding the outbreak of the Second World War. The author examines the government's treatment of asylum seekers, and in particular its attempts to attract refugee businessmen who might contribute to solving Ulster's chronic unemployment and economic blight.


THE THEORY underlying a chemical dating system is quite simple. It rests upon the assumption that within human or animal bones, subsequent to burial, certain chemical changes occur in a progressive manner such that there is a continuous accumulation or depletion of substance. Chemical anaylses will then provide a series of figures with which the corresponding times and dates can be equated. Throughout the past several years the writers have been engaged in an attempt to determine whether the above theoretical approach can be justified in practice. They have subjected to various types of analysis several hundred bones from a series of nearly thirty archaeological sites within the state of California and have supplemented this series with shorter ones from the southwestern states, from New York, and from Kentucky. The results, from the standpoint of dating, are presented here. In order to construct an adequate dating system based upon chemical data two prerequisites must be satisfied. First there must be a continuous numerical scale, derived from the chemical analyses, according to which the data from a series of sites may be arranged. Such a scale, ranging from the earliest to the most recent times, will give us by itself the relative sequence of the sites. Secondly this scale must be tied, at least at two points, into the flow of chronological or clock time in order that we may get the absolute sequence of the sites and, by interpolation, thus permit the investigator to fix a date for each site. In so far as our investigations have taken us there is nothing in the chemical data per se which will permit the satisfaction of the second prerequisite. On the other hand different lines of approach make the task possible. With respect to the most recent period there is historical or protohistorical information which enables us to set the lower time limit, as it were, of the latest material. For the prehistoric period we are now in possession of sufficient key dates obtained by the radiocarbon method to pin down a minimum of sites with considerable accuracy. Dating by carbon-14 must therefore be the significant point of reference as far as absolute time is concerned. Since chemical determinations of bone from our group of California sites is the most extensive of which we have knowledge, it will serve as a test series. There are twenty-eight sites, for two of which (SJo-68 and Mnt-282) we have


Development of flood early warning technology has grown rapidly. The technology has led to improvements in terms of communication and information technology. The use of the Internet of Things model (IOTs) has provided significant development to the development of early warning information systems. In this article is the development of a prototype model of flood monitoring information systems using Android has been designed by combining ultrasonic sensors as a water level detector, rain sensor, temperature sensor and moisture sensor. Arduino Uno Microcontroller Module used as sensor data processor, U-Blox Neo 6m GPS module as location detection and Ethernet module as sender of sensor data to station of flood early warning information system. The design of the prototype produces information on flood elevation, rain conditions, ambient temperature and soil moisture along with its location based on Google Maps interface on mobile android.


The synaptic organization of the cat retina was studied with antibodies against the GABA‐GA (glutaraldehyde)‐BSA (bovine serum albumin) complex. The postembedding technique combined with immunogold labelling ensured ultrastructural preservation and made identification of synapses possible. The most common putative GABA‐ergic synapses in the inner plexiform layer were amacrine‐to‐bipolar‐cell synapses followed by amacrine‐to‐ganglion‐cell and amacrine‐to‐amacrine‐cell synapses. GABA‐immunoreactive amacrine cells received most of their synaptic input from bipolar cells followed by other amacrine cells. Synapses between two labelled amacrine cells were common. Rod bipolar cells were the predominant input source and also the preferred output target of GABA‐labelled amacrine cells. OFF‐ and ON‐ganglion cells received putative GABA‐ergic synapses at their dendrites in laminas a and b, respectively, and also at their somata.


The variation of Earth's magnetic field at the equator, as monitored by the Dst index, can stay below its quiet day value for days. This can happen after storms resulting in a very slow recovery of the Dst index, or it can happen in the absence of a storm. Such anomalous behaviour is observed during periods with continuous auroral activity called High-Intensity Long-Duration Continuous AE Activity--HILDCAA. NOAA satellite data is used to investigate the radial depth of particle injections into the ring current and its dependence on fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field. It is found that the particle injections are sufficient to delay the recovery of the Dst during HILDCAA events. It is further found that the particle injections during HILDCAA events are closely connected with Alfven fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field B z component.


We have developed an improved sampling algorithm and energy model for protein loop prediction, the combination of which has yielded the first methodology capable of achieving good results for the prediction of loop backbone conformations of 11 residue length or greater. Applied to our newly constructed test suite of 104 loops ranging from 11 to 13 residues, our method obtains average/median global backbone root‐mean‐square deviations (RMSDs) to the native structure (superimposing the body of the protein, not the loop itself) of 1.00/0.62 Å for 11 residue loops, 1.15/0.60 Å for 12 residue loops, and 1.25/0.76 Å for 13 residue loops. Sampling errors are virtually eliminated, while energy errors leading to large backbone RMSDs are very infrequent compared to any previously reported efforts, including our own previous study. We attribute this success to both an improved sampling algorithm and, more critically, the inclusion of a hydrophobic term, which appears to approximately fix a major flaw in SGB solvation model that we have been employing. A discussion of these results in the context of the general question of the accuracy of continuum solvation models is presented. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


INTRODUCTION Traditional healers provide CSIR scientists with indigenous knowledge (IK) that stimulates research and can eventually lead to discovery and development of new herbal remedies. The rights of these providers of IK, to share in future benefi ts that might be derived from commercial exploitation of any such products, are protected through a Memorandum of Understanding (September 1999) and a Benefi t Sharing Agreement (February 2003) signed between the CSIR and a Traditional Healers Committee. Through this research programme, a novel mosquito repellent was discovered, based on biodiversity and indigenous knowledge.


Aim: To study the attitude of a child towards their dentist. Objective: 1) To assess the attitude of kids towards their dentist. 2) To have a better understanding about a child's perception of their dentist. Materials and Method: 1) A prepared questionnaire was provided to the kids. 2) 100kids below the age of 13yrs were taken for the study.


Due to recent advances in methods and computers, the accuracy of ab calculations has reached a point where these methods can be used to provide accurate spectroscopic constants for small molecules; this will be illustrated with several examples. We will show how ab initio calculations where used to identify the Hermann infrared system in N2 and two band systems in CO. The identification of all three of these band systems relied on very accurate calculations of quintet states. The analysis of the infrared spectra of cool stars requires knowledge of the intensity of vibrational transitions in SiO for high nu and J levels. While experiment can supply very accurate dipole moments for nu = 0 to 3, this is insufficient to construct a global dipole moment function. We show how theory, combined by the experiment, can be used to generate the line intensities up to nu = 40 and J = 250. The spectroscopy of transition metal containing systems is very difficult for both theory and experiment. We will discuss the identification of the ground state of Ti2 and the spectroscopy of AlCu as examples of how theory can contribute to the understanding of these complex systems.


Computerized framework based-automated analysis of medical images is an emerging area of research for identifying diseases in the medical field using imaging technology. The process of segmenting the blood vessels in the retinal fundus image plays a vital role in finding many eye diseases, in which glaucoma is a currently leading disease that affected the Optic Nerve on the retina due to high pressure generated on the eyes because of excessive usage of electronic screen devices. It is essential to early detection and analysis of the glaucoma in the retinal fundus image for preventing from the vision loss, the time of its detection could be very essential while it cannot be cured. In recent days, many segmentation and classification techniques to detect the glaucoma based on an optic cup and optic disc parameters in retina are proposed, but there is an improvement needed in existing techniques in order to enhance the precision of diagnosis. The aim of this review paper is to assist readers to study about current methods and barriers to enhance the accuracy in the output of the retinal fundus image..


Summary The effect of water and rock loading on seismic velocities and consequently on interpreted geometries is often underestimated in offshore studies. Direct comparative analysis of interval velocity patterns between areas of significantly different water depth and thickness of rock overburden requires various pressure related changes in velocity to be accounted for. Presentation of velocity models as a function of pressure rather than two-way time, or depth, emerges as a possible solution. An accurate velocity model is essential for meaningful timeto-depth conversion of interpreted seismic horizons. Ideally, it should be based on integration of seismic velocities from well log measurements, refraction seismic surveys and from stacking of multi-channel marine reflection data. In some cases velocities derived from stacking of high quality long streamer marine reflection seismic data correlate reasonably with well log measurements and velocities derived from refraction seismic studies, and provide clues to reasonable depth conversion and lithology interpretation.


Recent efforts to develop comprehensive metabolome and proteome brain atlases for animal models have yielded significant progress. However, the ganglioside (GSs) profile of these models remains largely unexplored. As essential components of the brain, GSs play a crucial role in neuronal function. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the young and adult rat brain, as well as its major brain regions, using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry in positive and negative ion modes. We also analyzed GSs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum from matched samples. Our findings indicate a shift in the ratio of a-series to b-series GSs with age, along with region-specific changes accompanied by aging. This could improve our understanding of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Our study complements existing brain atlases of lipidome and protein expression and highlights the importance of further investigating the mechanisms underlying these GSs changes and the potential therapeutic implications of our findings.


I n t h e s u m m e r o f 1891 , J u l e s V a n d e n p e e r e b o o m , a Belgian Catholic politician who had become the first minister of telegraphs, mail, and railroads in 1884, declared a "war on pornography" by banning the transportation of five pornographic journals by mail and train. The minister proclaimed in Parliament: "We are invaded by pornographers. . . . I declare war on these scoundrels."1 In a manner similar to what scholars describe as "concept wars," such as "the war on terrorism" and "the war on drugs," Vandenpeereboom used the metaphor of war to stress that his responsibility was to stop the "transportation of pornography."2 Vandenpeereboom's declaration of war can be seen as the final step of a process in which pornography became understood as a danger of movement; hence, it was the responsibility of the government to stop its transportation. Vandenpeereboom's ban on the transportation of pornographic material was almost immediately contested by liberal politicians and some publishers of the targeted journals, with one of them even suing the Belgian government. The court ruled in favor of Vandenpeereboom's actions. Celebrating his win, he wrote a letter to Jules Lammens, a Catholic Party member of the Belgian Senate, informing him that the court agreed with him and that the state could "refuse the transportation of [pornographic] writings [by train and mail]."3 Lammens was pleased with this news, since


This paper considers the performance evaluation of multimode diversity antennas with spatially orthogonal radiation patterns in UWB indoor communications. Since the wave propagation in UWB indoor communications is subject to severe spatial dispersion leading to large angular spreads in the angular power density spectrum, diversity antennas with spatially orthogonal patterns may provide important means to substantially enhance UWB wireless link conditions. We will focus on the system analysis of the MB-OFDM UWB link with multimode antennas in receive diversity operation. The multimode antenna patterns are modeled in terms of orthonormal spherical harmonics.


Objective: Efforts can be made to normalize the hematological parameters so that the morbidity and mortality in these patients could be effectively reduced.
Methods: This observational study was carried out among 69 cirrhosis patients that fulfills the inclusion and exclusion criteria, attended the medicine outpatient department, and admitted in medicine ward of PRM Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Dist. Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India, from June 2018 to January 2019.
Results: In our study, we had 59 male and 10 female patients with an average age of 49.8±13.19 years. About 92.75% of the patients were alcoholic. Abdominal distension (92.75%) and ascites (84.06%) were the most common presenting complaints. Pallor was present in 42 (60.87%) cases. Splenomegaly was present in 35 (50.72%) cirrhotic patients. Renal dysfunction was present in 23 (33.33%) cases. Sixty-six (95.65%) patients had anemia and 47 (68.12%) patients had thrombocytopenia.
Conclusions: From this study, we can conclude that, in cirrhosis of liver patients, various hematological changes are very common which need to be identified and corrected early to reduce morbidity and mortality.