Ultra-hot Jupiters have dayside temperatures similar to those of M-dwarfs. While molecular absorption from the hydroxyl radical (OH) is easily observed in near-infrared spectra of M-dwarfs, it is often not considered when studying the atmospheres of (ultra-)hot Jupiters. We use high-resolution spectroscopic near-infrared observations of a transit of WASP-76b obtained using CARMENES to assess the presence of OH. After validating the OH line list, we generate model transit spectra of WASP-76b with petitRADTRANS. The data are corrected for telluric contamination and cross-correlated with the model spectra. After combining all cross-correlation functions from the transit, a detection map is constructed. OH is detected in the atmosphere of WASP-76b with a signal-to-noise ratio of 6.1. From a Markov Chain Monte Carlo retrieval we obtain Kp=234 km/s and a blueshift of 13.9 km/s. Considering the fast spin-rotation of the planet, the OH signal is best explained with the signal mainly originating from the evening terminator and the presence of a strong day- to nightside wind. The signal appears to be broad, with a full width at half maximum of 16.2 km/s. The retrieval results in a weak constraint on the temperature of 2420-3150 K at the pressure of the OH signal. Our results demonstrate that OH is readily observable in the transit spectra of ultra-hot Jupiters. Studying this molecule can give new insights in the molecular dissociation processes in the atmospheres of such planets.


Due to the growth of industrial Internet services, today's production environment is on the edge of a new era of innovations and changes. This is taking place through the convergence of the global industrial system with the power of advanced computing, analytics, low-cost sensing, and new levels of connectivity enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT). These innovations will bring higher efficiency, flexibility, and interoperability among industries, although they belong to different production ecosystems. This paper describes an IoT platform and the related prototypes developed within the project: Enabling Business-Based Internet of Things and Services (ebbits), with a focus on the industrial domain. Heterogeneous applications were deployed and tested, including a wireless sensor and actuator network for industrial machines monitoring and a radio-frequency-identification-based system for operator management, locating, and authorization, which also includes an interactive user interface for portable devices to visualize real-time information from physical-world devices. Moreover, tools for model-driven development are used to simplify the process of building IoT applications. Those developments are based on IoT middleware that is developed and deployed by the project to enable the seamless integration of heterogeneous technologies and processes into mainstream enterprise systems. This paper also presents the prototypal deployment of the developed prototypes in the car manufacturing industry.


Various Fusarium species causes some of the most common cereal diseases worldwide. Besides the yield losses that can be a result of these diseases, strains from several Fusarium species can produce mycotoxins, some very toxic.

The aim of this study was to investigate which Fusarium species and how many that occurred in winter wheat grains from Malardalen and Kalmar lan, if there was any difference in the distribution of Fusarium fungi between the regions and the potential within species to produce mycotoxins belonging to the group trichothecenes.

Winter wheat grains collected in 2009 from ten fields (unsprayed plots) in the two regions were analysed for Fusarium species. PCR was used to amplify the TEF region where after the samples were sequenced. The samples identified as Fusarium species were screened for the presence of the Tri5 gene necessary for trichothecene production. The results were compared with previously collected data on Fusarium spp. detected in the same ten fields using species specific primers as well as toxin analyses.

In Malardalen, Fusarium species were isolated from 234 out of 500 grains. The identified species were F. acuminatum, F. arthrosporioides, F. avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. poae and F. tricinctum. In the Kalmar area 43 of the 500 grains were infected with Fusarium species. Seven species (F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. flocciferum, F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. poae and F. tricinctum) were identified. The differences between the amounts of infected grains in the two regions were thought to be due to humid weather conditions in Malardalen during the time of flowering which favours Fusarium infection. In Malardalen 132 strains of the Fusarium isolates carried the Tri5 gene and ten strains from the Kalmar area carried the gene. The majority of these strains belonged to the species F. poae. Questions arose concerning the isolates identified as F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum and F. flocciferum since some of them showed to have the Tri5 gene. These three species are not known to carry the Tri5 gene which gives reason to believe that the strains in fact belonged to other Fusarium species. It is also possible that strains from these species can carry the Tri5 gene but they have not been detected before or the gene has not been expressed. Further analyses are needed to confirm whether the Tri5 gene was present in strains from F. avenaceum, F. tricinctum and F. flocciferum. This could be made by rerunning PCR, sequencing and species identification.


This study is aimed at investigating the association between child-pedestrian severity levels of collisions and physical environmental variables. The outcome of this study could be applied to road safety intervention for improving engineering modifications related to children pedestrians. The retrospective analysis was carried out using 6-year data from Royal Malaysia Police records from the years 2009 to 2014. Multinomial logit modeling (MNL) was applied. The results demonstrated that the injury severity of the collisions is related to road geometry, road surface material, road surface condition, traffic system, road marking, traffic control type, lighting condition, speed limit, time of collision, type of location, and land use characteristics. Specifically, fatal injury collisions are significantly increased by t/y intersection; concrete and earth-road surfaces; two-way traffic and dual carriageways; posted speed limits of 70 to 90 km/h; time of collision: 0 to 0659 hours (early morning) and 0700 to 0959 hours (morning); lighting conditions, including dark without street light, and dark with street light; and control type involving police. Meanwhile, cross intersections' posted speed limits of 80 km/h to 90 km/h and the time of collision from 0 to 0659 hours (early morning) and 1900 to 2459 hours (night), significantly increased serious injury collisions. Notably, the findings revealed the importance of more in-depth studies on physical environmental features that relate to child-pedestrians' severity level of collisions. This is essential for improvements to physical environmental designs by policymakers. Thus, policymakers and stakeholders can utilize the findings to further improve the physical environment through structure and design.


Green energy is selected for our systems like as fuel cell. This paper presents conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The object is to keep the fuel cell (PEMFC) working at its maximum power point with inputs variation. A conventional strategy of MPPT controller based on P&O method is adopted. The system has of a PEM fuel cell, a BOOST converter and resistive load with MPPT control.


The research progress of watermelon ketone synthesis was reviewed,on the basis of this,4-methylcalechol and 1,3-dichroroacetone one step method was used for synthesizing watermelon ketone.Compared with other methods,the synthesis method has many advantages of simple technique and high yield.At the same time,the application of watermelon ketone in tobacco was discussed,as well as its improvement effect on flue-cured tobacco smoke.


The paper describes the organization and management of two wireless eco-systems in next generation wireless communications research and human capacity development. The developed eco-systems have been tested and presented at an international workshop organized by the council for science and industrial research and collaborating universities in South Africa. Furthermore, the possibility of extending such a framework to the regional context to improve wireless communications research, standards, human capacity development and technology innovation endeavours of emerging economies is presented. Finally the paper proposes a technology transfer and innovation framework to convert ideas and new technology solutions in the wireless eco-systems into small scale service and knowledge based industries.


Studies on the intellectual history of the Portuguese Jews in seventeenth-century Amsterdam sometimes compare the gentleness and open-mindedness of Rabbi Menasseh ben Israel (1604– 1657) with the militantly polemical spirit that distinguished Doctor Isaac Orobio (c. 1617– 1687) in order to juxtapose welcoming and reactionary Jewish attitudes towards modernity. Ralph Melnick unfolded a progressive narrative in which the harsh attacks upon Christianity that can be found at the beginning of the century in the Tratado of Dr. Elijah Montalto (1567– 1616) and later in the works of his disciple Rabbi Saul Levi Mortera (1596– 1660) "were slowly being replaced by a new approach" built on tolerance and mutual understanding, one exemplified by Ben Israel's Conciliador in 1632.1 The Whiggish narrative of gradual "Jewish-Christian rapprochement" is edifying but chronologically unconvincing: both Mortera, who wrote most of his polemical works after Ben Israel, and Orobio, who only arrived in Amsterdam five years after the latter's death, expressed themselves once again in the trigger-happy polemical style that Amsterdam Jews had allegedly forsaken. The progress narrative account is even less convincing due to the fact that the peak of Montalto's literary success coincided with Orobio's at the turn of the eighteenth century, when their clandestine opera omnia were manually copied by the dozens among the Amsterdam Jews. Shall we rather say, then, that the intellectual history of Jewish Amsterdam is permanently torn between the poles of Manassean brotherhood and Orobian xenophobia? This is what Jesué Pinharanda Gomes tried to suggest in a chapter of his History of Portuguese Philosophy, which was published in 2001. He classified Orobio in the school of "Zionist integralism" (integralismo sionista) and painted Amsterdam Jewish thought in black-and-white colours: "Menasseh and Orobio adhere to contrasting theories: an obstinate anti-Christian ideology on the side of Orobio, and a manifest sense of openness on the side of Menasseh, embracing the unity of Jewish heritage with all its differences, a heritage of which even the Church is considered to be a part."2


Found that teachers' ratings of a representative sample of 961 Puerto Rican 5- to 13-year-olds suggested an inordinately high number of students qualifying for a diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There is a need to take into consideration sociocultural issues and the use of appropriate norms in this diagnosis. We describe two instruments that have been standardized for Puerto Rican children, the Inventario de Comportamiento Escolar (the School Behavior Inventory, a teacher rating Scale) and the Gordon Diagnostic System (a laboratory measure of inattention), and we present data and guidelines that could prove useful in assessing and diagnosing ADDH or ADHD in Puerto Rican children.


To elucidate the effects of crop rotation upon weed control, observations were made of occurrence of weeds in thirty one experimental plots of field, twenty-six of those being under rotation and the others under continuous cropping. The dominant species of weeds accompanying a crop were found to vary according to the kind of the crop, and were affected by its cultivation practices, e.g. seeding time of the crop, culture management, etc. or also by the growth habit of the crop. On the continuous cropping fields, the characteristic effects of the crop upon weeds were found remarkably cumulative, while on the rotation fields, the diversity of weed species changed according to the cropping system. Among the cropping systems examined in this study, the three year rotation with a course of "potato-wheat-Chinese cabbage-corn" and the two-year rotation with "potato-wheat-buckwheat" were found to bring about comparatively sparse occurrence of weeds ; on the other hand, the three-year rotation with "potato-rape-green fodder soybean-wheat-seed soybean", the two-ear rotation with "barnyard millet-wheat-soybean" and the two-year rotation with "potato-wheat-soybean" generally tended to court heavier infestation with weeds.


Chironomus major is a large chironomid (larval length up to 50 mm) that occurs sporadically in lakes and ponds throughout the eastern United States. Chironomus major is the dominant chironomid in Kentucky Lake, KY, U.S.A. in western shoreline depositional zones 6-10 m deep with mean densities of about 87/m 2 per month. In the laboratory, eggs hatched in 3-4 days. The life cycle appears to be univoltine. Adult emergence begins in early October (water temp 22°C) and peaks about the first week in November. Mean larval dry weights were 0.002, 0.76, 2.98, and 6.20 mg for first, second, third, and fourth instars. Mean head capsule widths were 0.13, 0.55, 0.78, and 1.03 mm for first, second, third, and fourth instars. Production was estimated as 1.5 g dry mass/m 2 based on the present study. Although the densities of C. major larvae were low, the relatively high standing stock biomass (0.4 g dry mass/m 2 ) contributed much of the production.


A novel dimesogenic compound containing cholesteryl moiety and azo-imine linking group interconnected via succinate group is synthesized,and its liquid crystalline properties are studied.The results demonstrate that it is a kind of liquid crystal over wider temperature ranges (152-305℃) with a typical characteristic of cholesteric oily textures.This compound might be applied in information storage,optic switching and high-temperature crystal display devices as well as non-linear optic arears.


Special courts of the Third Reich as "summary courts of the internal front" (1933–1945) The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of special courts created in the Third Reich. Their genesis, system, and local and material jurisdiction, as well as proceedings before these courts are discussed. The tasks put before special courts by Nazi lawyers during peace and war are discussed, as well as the historical context associated with them. The study uses historical, and formal-dogmatic methods. The study is based primarily on literature of German provenance and normative acts.


Introduction In spite of the importance of starch-based feeds for all sectors of the livestock industry, it is difficult to obtain reliable starch estimates. Much of the variation in the accuracy relates to differences in the procedures used. Most starch analyses are enzymatic, relying on the specificity of the enzymes to distinguish the glucose in starch from that in other carbohydrates following gelatinisation. The aims of this study were to compare the accuracy of five different techniques with the aim of selecting the most optimum for future in vitro and in vivo degradation studies.


The growing and rapid interest in new artificial metamaterials, whose properties differ from the normal materials has motivated further investigations. The metamaterials have simultaneously negative permittivity and permeability. In this work, we have demonstrated theoretically the existence and behavior of the TE guided waves in a ferromagnetic/metamaterial/antiferromagnetic waveguide structure. The dispersion characteristics are performed for different kinds of metamaterials. The existence and the type of the solutions to the guided waves with respect to different physical parameters are also investigated and discussed. It has been shown that the metamaterials can lead to different, new unusual properties.


Multi-target detection for aerial video is widely applied for both military and civilian. A multi-target detection algorithm on aerial video with memory module is proposed in this paper. This method uses memory module to connect time-scale information, so that the information of past frames can be used to improve the detection result of the current frame. ShuffleNet unit which is based on depthwise convolution and channel mixing was been used in the feature extraction network. The experimental results on VisDrone dataset show that the detection algorithm presented in this paper possesses fast detection speed and higher accuracy.


Let f(z, z̄) be a mixed strongly polar homogeneous polynomial of 3 variables z = (z1, z2, z3). It defines a Riemann surface V := {[z] ∈ P | f(z, z̄) = 0} in the complex projective space P. We will show that for an arbitrary given g ≥ 0, there exists a mixed polar homogeneous polynomial with polar degree 1 which defines a projective surface of genus g. For the construction, we introduce a new type of weighted homogeneous polynomials which we call polar weighted homogeneous polynomials of twisted join type.


Rudolf Laban said that a person's selection and preference about specific physical attitudes create styles and study of a person's specific...


Complex ethological behavior patterns could be constructed from modules that are discrete functional units of behavior. Here, we test this idea for foraging and develop a paradigm to dissect rich foraging patterns in mice. We uncover discrete behavioral modules linked to round trip excursions from the home. Machine learning reveals 59 modules across different genetic backgrounds and ages. Different modules develop at different ages and are linked to different aspects of economic behavior, including memory, reward, risk and effort responses. Crosses of distant mouse strains reveal that parental and genetic effects shape different foraging patterns by altering module expression, and parental effects grow stronger with age. Specific modules, genes and pathways are found to be sensitive to parental effects. One candidate gene, Magel2, is linked to Prader-Willi Syndrome and shaped the expression of specific modules at later ages. Our results reveal building blocks for normal and abnormal economic behavior patterns.


The routine detecting method for the aquifer of mines is drilling,the costs of which are expensive,while the DC Electrical Prospecting Instrument is convenient and accurate to detect the aquifer of mines.Here,the DZ-ⅡA DC Electrical Prospecting Instrument is introduced and analyzed including its conformation,working principles and application in prediction for the hydrogeological hazards of mines.And then,this instrument is used for detecting practically in Coking Coal Co.,Ltd.of He'nan Coal and Chemical Industry Group Company.Through comparison,it is showed that the measured results by using the DC instrument are in accordance with the results from the routine drilling method,so the DC method has a good practical value in the hydrogeological exploration and water disaster control of mines.


This publication consists of the notes of twelve lectures on drainage systems. The lectures concern practical aspects of urban hydrology and pipe hydraulics, but do not cover retarding basin design or watercourse engineering and maintenance. Lecture topics include assessment of the rational formula, road surface drainage, estimation of the runoff coefficient, the use of computers in designing/ checking pipe drainage systems, failure modes and/ or consequences of flooding, the transport and road research laboratory (UK) method of urban drainage design and legal responsibilities of the designing engineering in situations where failure occurs.


Nurses are increasingly becoming involved in the support of people with learning disabilities in social care settings. Recent policies have identified the need for an increased social care workforce, but many organisations have difficulty recruiting and retaining staff. Our review of the evidence found that many factors influence recruitment and retention directly and indirectly, including: gender and age; factors that contribute to staff stress and burnout; and organisational factors, such as supervision, training and culture. We suggest several areas that should be evaluated to inform an evidence-based approach to increasing the workforce that provides care for people who have an intellectual disability. Citation McKenzie K et al (2021) Improving recruitment and retention in learning disability services. Nursing Times [online]; 117: 4, 26-29. In this article... ● The need to expand the social care workforce, including nurses ● Details of a study looking at the evidence base for improving recruitment and retention ● Recommendations on future initiatives to improve staff numbers Clinical Practice Discussion Recruitment and retention


Professional psychology training in the US is moving toward a competency based model rather than the traditional exposure to training opportunities model. The competencies perspective in education of professional psychologists has strengths in refocusing the evaluation of training on outcomes rather than on arbitrary, traditional processes. A challenge is the development of assessment tools for the evaluation of competencies in professional psychology. Using the competencies approach can help to guide training in professional psychology and help assure public safety by focusing educators and clinical supervisors on our gatekeeping functions as well as on our aspirational desire to turn out the best possible professional psychologists.


Abstract Feminism bears the promise of liberation of and equality for women. Reading and teaching feminist texts, within the academia and in activist spaces, has provided the opportunity to explore what it means to become and be a woman. This article explores the experience of teaching a course on women's writing at the undergraduate level during the COVID-19 pandemic. Normally, a course on feminist writings is an occasion for self-reflection, thereby providing an opportunity to establish a dialogue between the domestic and the public. Such dialogues took place in secure institutional spaces such as classrooms or conference halls, without the intrusion of the domestic. However, as the teacher–student interaction shifted to an online mode during the pandemic, all the participants in this dialogue, including the instructor and the students, found themselves in domestic spaces, with family members listening. The article chronicles the anxieties of a woman instructor, as she teaches feminist texts from home to learners who are sitting behind computer screen in their homes and the possible impact of feminist ideas on the domestic spaces of all participants.


Paper prepared for the conference:
 The RMA and the Asia Pacific: Challenge and Response
Organized by the Australian Defence Studies Centre,
Australian Defence Force Academy
for:
The Office of the RMA,
Department of Defence
Russell, ACT
Australia


Two important measures of performance for the surveillance applications of the mobile sensor networks are detection latency and system lifetime. Previous work on modeling detection delay has assumed that sensor measurements are delivered to the fusion center with zero delay. Such approaches can require excessive energy, resulting into reduced lifetime. This article argues that a trade-off between detection latency and system lifetime can be made by employing an energy aware transmission scheme. The article formulates the trade-off as an optimization problem, and presents an analytic method to model both detection latency and system lifetime. The model is substantiated by using simulation.


Silicon was a main material of micro-electronic devices.It was possessed of better advantage than other semiconductor materials.But semiconductor silicon was not regarded as one of candidates in optoelectronic materials because of its indirect bandgap and lower light efficiency.Thus its application in the optoelectronic devices was restricted.In 1990,Canham published that porous silicon sample fabricated by electrochemical anodization etch possesses exhibits very intense photoluminescence(PL)emission.Its light efficiency is the same comparing with direct bandgap compound semiconductor GaAs.It becomes a popular study target that realizes Si-based photoelectricity integration,because Si-based emitting material may become base mate-(rial) of future photoelectricity integration.Some of rare-earth ions are the better light emitting ions,the rare-earth ion doping into silicon by using ion-implantation was adopted more and more.For studing light efficiency of rare earth doped Si-based films,the beneficial try was made.The photoluminescence spectra of PS samples and PL spectra of PS samples treated by HNO_3 were studied,the relation of photoluminescence properties and surface structure was discussed.Rare-earth ion Nd is implanted into monocrystal Si wafers at the energy of 99 keV and with a dose of(1×10~(17) cm~(-2)) using metal vapor vacuum arc(MEVVA) ion implantation.The rapid annealing was made at temperature of 1 000 ℃ in the atmosphere of N_2 for 20 s.The above samples were treated by anodization method under the conditions: electric current density of 30 mA/cm~2;time of 10 min and electrolysis liquid V(HF)∶(V(C_2H_5OH))=1∶1.Then part porous samples were treated by HNO_3.PL spectra were measured by F-3010 fluorescence photospectrometer for the above samples at room temperature and compared these PL spectra with those of PS.The results show emission peak of PS samples doped by Nd is similar with emission peak of monocrystal porous silicon.But the intensity of peak have obviously increase under the same condition of electrochemical anodization etch,the 563 nm emission peak appear blue-shift and its FWHM decreases.Besides light emission efficiency of the PS samples that were treated by HNO_3 is higher than those of ordinary PS(samples) under the same measuring conditions.Comparing with monocrystal porous silicon,it was found that porous silicon doped by Nd form average nanometer silicon post structure,its light emission efficiency had a elevation.The photoluminescence intensity of those PS samples treated by HNO_3 had a significant improvement.


Infected plant parts were selected in the field, field notes were made regarding their pathogenicity, nature of colonies, nature of infection and the collection locality. For each collection, a separate field number was given. In the field, each infected plant was collected separately in polythene bags along with the host twig (preferably with the reproductive parts to facilitate the identity of the corresponding host). These infected plant parts were pressed neatly and dried in-between blotting papers. After ensuring their dryness, they were used for microscopic study. Scrapes were taken directly from the infected host and mounted in 10% KOH solution. After 30 min, KOH was replaced by Lactophenol. Both the mountants work well as clearing agents and made the septa visible for taking measurements. To study the entire colony in its natural condition, a drop of high quality natural colored or well transparent nail polish was applied to the selected colonies and carefully thinned with the help of a fine brush without disturbing the colonies. Colonies with hyper parasites showing a woolly nature were avoided. The treated colonies along with their host plants were kept in dust free chamber for half an hour. When the nail polish on the colonies dried fully, a thin, colorless or slightly apple rose colored (depending upon the colour tint in the nail polish) film or flip was formed with the colonies firmly


This paper addresses the problem of distributed cooperative navigation. A new graph-based method is developed for on-demand calculation of the required correlation terms, considering a general multi-robot measurement model. These correlation terms are necessary for the consistent EKF-based data fusion when several statistically-dependent sources of information are used. The measurement model relates between the navigation information transmitted by any number of robots and the actual readings taken by the available onboard sensors. The transmitted information is not necessarily of the current time instant, but may actually belong to some time instant from the past. Experiment results and a theoretical example of the developed method are presented considering a three-view measurement, formulated upon receiving three images of the same scene, captured by different robots at different a priori unknown time instances.


In event-driven wireless Visual Sensor Networks (wVSNs), video nodes have access to additional data from scalar-sensors such as temperature or motion. The scalar-data may be used locally by the nodes instead of (or in conjunction with) vision technologies to control the potentially energy-costly transmission and storage of video frames and must thus be reliable. In this work we focus on the detection of occasional errors in such scalar-data sensors under both the scenario of harsh environmental conditions, and the scenario of hostile conditions involving an attacker. In the hostile case, the attack statistics may not be known to the cluster-head performing the error detection. We hence propose the use of a count detector in conjunction with Nash equilibrium analysis for the hostile case. We compare the detection performance of the count detector in hostile conditions to the performance of the optimal Neyman-Pearson (NP) detector which may be used under harsh conditions (scenario where the error statistics may be estimated). Through analysis and simulations we conclude that in this severe regime of attack with missing statistics, the count detector performs reasonably well compared with the optimal NP detector with significance for reliable event-driven wVSN.


ABSTRACT Sports participation often requires the use of specialist equipment and for many sport tourists this is transported to the destination to aid convenience and enjoyment of participation. Yet, to date, there has been little consideration of the influence that travelling with sporting equipment can have on the trip decision-making process. This paper focuses on golf tourism, said to be the largest sector of the sports tourism market and examines the influence that travelling with golf equipment has on aspects of the trip such as travel mode and opportunities for participation. Based on a longitudinal-grounded theory study, this paper concludes that packing sporting equipment can stimulate negotiations associated with participation. Furthermore, the nature of the sporting equipment to be carried can determine the choices made regarding the travel modes used to reach and move around holiday destinations and thus directly influence the trip decision-making process.


Urgency encountered in developing land-economizing residence in Henan province and problems it confronts are analyzed.Measures are proposed for design of land-economizing residence as well as countermeasures for implementation of this kind of houses in order to increase utilization ratio of land,release shortage crisis of land resources to realize sustainable development of urbanization process for Henan province.


Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogen for community-acquired infections in children [1]. Related high morbidity and mortality together with increasing multi-drug resistance pose a major challenge to the treatment of pneumococcal diseases. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Soochow University Children's Hospital in China in 2007 to determine the serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae in order to provide information to guide judicious use of antibiotics, as well as for vaccine design and development. The study included 353 pediatric patients of <3 years of age who were admitted to the hospital due to pneumonia and/or any other upper respiratory infections, from whom deep orotracheal aspiration cultures were obtained. A total of 31 isolates of pneumococcus, confirmed by the optochin (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) susceptibility and bile solubility tests, were serotyped. The susceptibility of antibiotics including erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, cefazolin, ofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT), tetracycline and vancomycin was determined by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method (Oxoid). The susceptibility of penicillin was determined by the E-test (Oxoid) according to the latest guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [2]. Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC49619, Staphyloccus aureus ATCC29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were used as control strains in the susceptibility tests. Overall, 58.1% isolates had an intermediate degree of resistance to penicillin, while there was no isolate with high resistance (susceptible: 0.06 mg/ml; intermediate: 0.12–1 mg/ml; resistant: 2mg/ml). Of the isolates, 100% were resistant to erythromycin, 83.9% to SXT, 96.8% to clindamycin, 93.5% to tetracycline and 16.1% to chloramphenicol. All isolates were susceptible to cefazolin, ofloxacin and vancomycin. In addition, 77.4% had multi-drug resistance, mainly to macrolide (erythromycin and clindamycin), tetracycline and SXT (Table 1). Serotype 19F (26%) was the most common serotype, followed by 19A (16%), 14 (13%), 23F (10%) and others. Besides, there was also a difference in serotype distribution between penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae (PSSP) strains and S. pneumoniae nonsusceptible to penicillin (PNSP) strains. Serotypes 19F, 19A and 14 accounted for 14 (78%) of 18 PNSP strains, while 23F, 19A and 18 accounted for 5 (38%) of 13 PSSP strains. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics and different serotypes of S. pneumoniae causing diseases in young children is a global problem, especially in developing countries including China. Our study presents a high rate of moderate penicillin resistance and a significant resistance to macrolide antibiotics and clindamycin, tetracycline and SXT, which are much higher when compared with those reported from developed countries [3, 4]. Easy availability of antibiotics is likely to be a main reason. The seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) is believed to have substantial value in preventing pneumococcal diseases [5], and it covers 52% of the study isolates. Because of the differences in the distribution of serotypes among different geographic regions and age groups, as well as their changes over time, WHO recommends understanding the distribution of serotypes is essential for designing appropriate vaccines for developing countries [6]. The observations in our study indicated that the use of Prevnar in China is likely to have a beneficial effect on reducing the risks of pneumococcal illness that have been reported in other countries.


This article introduces a forum of response articles to the edited volume Masculinities in Text and Teaching. The forum features two scholars of English in a transatlantic conversation and then a response by the editor of the volume. The forum develops, from the edited collection, the theme of pedagogical uncertainty in studies of masculinity and the ways those conversations can be used to help students develop their own humanistic ethics in the classroom. Employing two styles of doing work on teaching from the perspective of textual scholars, the author of one article reads her own experience and classroom moments to build an argument about the high stakes of doing work around gender for students and the profession. The other author reads from both classroom experience and from a text she teaches to open up new pedagogical possibilities. These techniques are echoed in the collected volume. A key argument throughout is that classroom struggles around texts and identities — which often provoke feelings of vulnerability and uncertainty for both teachers and students — can be deployed in conversations that enable students to learn about both the humanities subject and themselves.


The increase of uncertainty, instability, complexity, ambiguity of the dynamics of the condition of social subjects are among the issues that make vitality problem topical. This results in higher standards for adaptation mechanisms of an individual and social groups (families, work groups, sports, management, project teams) and greater importance of socio-psychological and psychological resources of a person. Not all spontaneously formed adaptation mechanisms of individual and group subjects are adequate for real-life situations, not all of them are developed when it is necessary and change when the goals and requirements of the environment change. The purpose of the study is to conduct research of human vitality under uncertainty conditions; the object of the study is: social and psychological mechanisms and human vitality resources; methods include: historical and theoretical analysis, analysis of empirical research results. Hypothesis: The first stage is maintaining the vitality of an individual and social groups via formation of prosocial mechanisms of behavior according to a model (prototype). The following development stages of vitality involve forming adaptation mechanisms initiated and supported by the evolution of the "internal conditions" of the subject. We analysed the materials related to vitality study in foreign and domestic psychology from the 1960s to the present: historically emerging approaches (five "waves"), subject and tasks, mechanisms and types of human adaptation to the physical and social environment. It is stated that, within the boundar ies of historically formed paradigms, two human states are considered – "below the norm" and "norms" of social, psychological, physical functioning, characteristics of which are described by the concepts of "improvement", "positive adaptation", "preservation", "back to normal", "optimal condition", "achieving a good result"; vitality is viewed as the achievement and maintenance of "social homeostasis" by a person, with the focus on the prosocial behavior models of other people, who are reproducing such models. Climbing the heights of physical and spiritual maturity, reaching a higher level of social functioning, the effects of positive changes in survivors of traumatic events remain unexplored, and retain the status of terra incognita.


Mixed aluminium chloro/fluoro anions are formed in dichloromethane solution by the interaction of AICl3 and [Ph3PhCH2P][H2F3]. Aluminium-27 n.m.r. studies are restricted to the stoichiometric ranges F/AI from 1 : 1 to 3 : 1 and F/AI > 8 : 1. Between these limits rapid precipitation reactions occur. In the fluoride-rich stoichiometric range there is rapid exchange on the n.m.r. time scale between the aluminium fluoro anion and free fluoride, so that a direct identification of the species by the multiplicity of the resonance is not possible. Indirect evidence strongly suggests that the aluminium species is [AIF4. In the F/AI stoichiometry range from 1 : 1 to 3 : 1 aluminium-27 resonances were observed for all the other possible [AICIxF4-x]- species. Studies on the aluminium \iodo/fluoro system support the identification of [AIF4]-, but the system is labile and the mixed iodo/fluoro species undergo rapid disproportionation.


Background National medical associations (NMAs) publish many kinds of periodicals to educate their members and improve medical science, clinical care, and public health. As the internet and related forces continue to disrupt this mode of communication, NMAs will increasingly face complex decisions in areas such as their new responsibilities to global society, whether to publish in print or electronically, to focus on domestic or international audiences, and which languages to publish in. However, little is known about the nature, purpose, underlying policies and other aspects of periodicals published by NMAs worldwide. Purpose To determine the characteristics of the NMAs and their periodicals, with a focus on general medical journals and the obstacles to their having a greater international scope. Methods We surveyed the 92 NMAs that are members of the World Medical Association (WMA) and/or the Confederation of Medical Associations in Asia and Oceania (CMAAO) on the characteristics of their organization and periodicals. Some responses were clarified by interviews and reviews of NMA websites. Results The response rate to the survey was 34% (31/92). NMAs varied greatly in their human resources, including number of members (1,150–395,000), staff (3–1,000), and staff density (staff per thousand members 0.12–5.44). The type of membership in 86% (25/29) of NMA respondents was voluntary, and the participation rates ranged from 5 to 99%. Journals' revenues came mainly from NMA budgets (46%) and advertising revenues (43%). Approximately 73% (19/26) of journals provided free online access to full text, and 71% (22/31) were fully or partly published in English. Most NMA journals were domestically focused in terms of readers and first authors (93%). Only a few journals had a scientific influence, as measured by "impact factors." Conclusions While NMAs had different capacities and business models, most of their general medical journals had a domestic focus. For a journal to have a global impact requires substantial resources and intelligent marketing in highly competitive markets. NMAs can more likely make meaningful global contributions by using English and the internet, and by developing a unique niche.


Abstract We show that the ring of complex-valued regular functions on an affine irreducible nonsingular real algebraic variety X is factorial if dim X = 1 or dim X = 2 and X has no compact connected components or X is compact and the second cohomology group of X with integral coefficients vanishes.


This book covers the principles of attachment parenting for all age groups. Part I is dedicated to the school-age child and covers the importance of being there, the development of conscience and values, responsibilities, school, dealing with sexual issues, upsets, and discipline. Part II addresses each of the following special situations: when both parents work, adoption, divorce and remarriage, death, and loss. Part III focuses on adolescence: the transition to adolescence, awakening with sexuality, drugs and alcohol, stress, and anger. Here are some of the suggestions for attachment parenting. Fox stresses the importance of a family meal, especially in our busy lives when schedules do not always coincide, "even if it takes place only on Sunday" (p. 9). The intimate contact of "playing baby" with a 5to 6-year-old for a couple of minutes may be all she or he needs for "an emotional boost or restorative experience" (p. 47). Finally, treat your teenager as if she or he were an out-of-town guest, rather than speaking in an authoritarian way. I believe this book can be of great value at all stages of parenting.


ABSTRACT Acerola fruits contain abundant ascorbic acid (AsA). The gene expression levels of three upstream enzymes in the primary AsA biosynthesis pathway were correlated with AsA contents in the fruits of two acerola cultivars. Multiple overexpression of the enzymes increased AsA contents, suggesting their high expression is important for high AsA accumulation in acerola fruits and the breeding of AsA-rich plants. Abbreviations: AsA: ascorbic acid; PMI: phosphomannose isomerase; PMM: phosphomannomutase; GMP: GDP-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase; GME: GDP-d-mannose 3ʹ,5ʹ-epimerase; GGP: GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase; GPP: l-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase; GDH: l-galactose dehydrogenase; GLDH: l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase


During the last two decades of her career, Martha Derthick wrote extensively on the role of courts; but this work has received little attention compared to her earlier scholarship. This article analyzes her primary concerns about the judiciary. For her, courts, both federal and state, often abetted centralization, made government less representative, engaged in their own forms of judicial demagogy, and made policymaking more theoretical, less practical, and therefore less effective. This article addresses each of these concerns as they emerged in Derthick's work on federalism, tobacco politics, and education. Even though she was pessimistic about the effects of adversarial legalism on the U.S. constitutional system, there were signs in her scholarship that the system might be less fragile than she feared. I conclude by discussing areas where courts retreated to, what to her, was a more defensible position.


A Phase I study of 11 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed, Stage 4 neuroblastoma was conducted using monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with tumor RNA to produce antitumor vaccines (DCRNA).


This study of Co50 AA/Cu(t)/Co50 AA sandwich films with large magnetoresistance (MR) is presented. Emphasis is placed on the function of a cobalt-oxide overlayer which exchanges couples with the Co(50 AA) upper layer. By purposely adding a CoO layer, the consistency of the magnetic properties which govern MR is observed. Uniform MR properties are found for Cu(t) thicknesses from 10 to 60 AA. The temperature dependence of MR, which is related to the antiferromagnetic transition temperature of the CoO, shows that MR becomes small at 180 K. The MR is absent when a metallic Cu overlayer is used instead of CoO. The possibilities that exchange coupling between the upper and lower Co(50 AA) layers exist are discussed. >


mechanisms that made the Black Sea Littoral so important from the archaic period until late antiquity by focusing on specific historiographical issues of the region. Through the critical and comparative study of ancient authors and historical events it allows readers to comprehend the interaction between ethnicities, the formation of religious and cultural identities, hierarchies, settlement patterns, but also the inversion of stereotypes, cultural affiliations and diplomatic policies or even the perception of urban space through time. Therefore, and despite some weaknesses (uneven parts, few illustrations and of medium quality), this volume offers a fresh and modern presentation of the Black Sea Littoral.


During the course of study on nondermatophytic keratinophilic fungi from diverse habitats fifteen fungi were isolated by using hair baiting method (3) from different keratinous substrate and reported as keratinophilic for the first time in India. Cultures were maintained on PDA and SGA at 28±2o C. Their keratinolytic ability was further determined by the method of Carmichael (2) and Agrawal and Kushwaha (1). These fungi were deposited in the Germplasm Center for Keratinophilic Fungi (GPCK), Department of Botany, Christ Church College, Kanpur, Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC), Chandigarh and only one strain in Indian Type Culture Collection (ITCC), New Delhi. The present paper describes them as new additions to the Indian keratinophilic fungal flora.


Technology today causing the data needs of an agency or company to process the data or analyze data quickly, dense and higher. Companies or institutions want the data analysis processcan save time as much as possible. The data warehouse is a data analysis technology that is useful to resolve the issue. The data warehouse is a repository of data that is useful to accommodate all the history data held by agencies or companies. Data marts are part kacil of the data warehouse. Data mart is focused on a single subject. This study uses a generalization method to perform the process of establishing a data mart. Generalization is a useful method to reduce or narrow the differences in the data based Subclass. Subclasswere integrated into a Superclass useful to collect some data from the Subclass. Subclassis the data that is more descriptive. Superclass is more general in nature of data. The result obtained is a collection of some Subclasspredetermined or selected later formed a Superclass useful to accommodate the resources of the Subclass.


Metastable austenitic stainless steels are an interesting group of materials, which exhibit the Transformation Induced Plasticity effect. In this regard, phase transformation from austenite to martensite enhances the work hardening of the metastable austenitic stainless steels affecting the deformation dynamics and mechanical properties including fatigue properties. Within this context, the reversible load‐induced phase transformation from γ to ϵ‐martensite is investigated at the local scale under cyclic indentation. This reversible phase transformation is manifested itself by a combination of hysteresis loops, elbow formation, and reversible pop‐ins in the loading curve. The initial cyclic achieved through the nanoindentation technique allows to identify three different deformation regimes for the <111> austenitic grains. Firstly, a softening effect takes place due to the dislocation activation; subsequently the phase transformation induces a hardening effect and finally, the load deformation curve reaches a plateau where no more plastic deformation is observed.


Horndeski's theory of gravity is the most general scalar-tensor theory with a single scalar whose equations of motion contain at most second-order derivatives. A subsector of Horndeski's theory known as "Fab Four" gravity allows for dynamical self-tuning of the quantum vacuum energy, and therefore it has received particular attention in cosmology as a possible alternative to the $\Lambda$CDM model. Here we study compact stars in Fab Four gravity, which includes as special cases general relativity ("George"), Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity ("Ringo"), theories with a nonminimal coupling with the Einstein tensor ("John") and theories involving the double-dual of the Riemann tensor ("Paul"). We generalize and extend previous results in theories of the John class and were not able to find realistic compact stars in theories involving the Paul class.


A large ensemble of simulations from a high‐top atmospheric general circulation model are conducted to compare the atmospheric responses from loss of Arctic sea ice thickness and sea ice concentration. The response to projected sea ice thickness loss indicates substantial surface warming over the Arctic Ocean and up to 1°C of cooling in Eurasia. While the dynamic circulation response from sea ice thickness loss is smaller in magnitude, it has a similar spatial anomaly pattern as that due to sea ice concentration loss. This pattern resembles the negative phase of the Northern Annular Mode. The simulations reveal that sea ice thickness loss enhances the thermodynamic and large‐scale circulation response from sea ice anomalies. These results stress the importance of considering a realistic sea ice thickness distribution in future atmospheric general circulation model sea ice perturbation experiments.


Facial Asymmetry occurs with concomitant Sagittal Skeletal discrepancies such as Mandibular prognathism and retrognathism. A Treatment plan should be devised which addresses the problems in all three planes of space. A case with skeletal class III with facial asymmetry is presented in this article and Diagnosis and management of facial asymmetries in adults is briefly discussed.


The utility model relates to a high-performance, low-smoke and non-halogen flameproof cable. The utility model is composed of an insulated wire core, a protective sleeve, etc. The insulating layer of each single wire core in the cable of the utility model has a multilayer structure, namely, two or more than two layers. The insulating layer with a two-layer structure is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer; the inner layer is an insulating layer which is made of granular or zonal insulating material, and the outer layer is a fireproof layer which is made of low-smoke non-halogen flameproof material. The combined oxygen index of the inner layer and the outer layer is larger than or equal to 34 percent. The insulating layer with a multilayer structure is composed of an inner layer, middle layers and an outer layer. The utility model can be widely used in the industries, such as aeronautics, spaceflight, subway, tunnel and nuclear industry.


Abstract This paper is aimed at extending the H∞ Bounded Real Lemma to stochastic systems under random disturbances with imprecisely known probability distributions. The statistical uncertainty is measured in entropy theoretic terms using the mean anisotropy functional. The disturbance attenuation capabilities of the system are quantified by the anisotropic norm which is a stochastic counterpart of the H∞ norm. A state-space sufficient criterion for the anisotropic norm of a linear discrete time invariant system to be bounded by a given threshold value is derived. The resulting Strict Anisotropic Norm Bounded Real Lemma involves an inequality on the determinant of a positive definite matrix and a linear matrix inequality. As is shown, these convex constraints can be approximated by two linear matrix inequalities.


This paper study on the financial information in Korea financial institution. The first, study on the financial market and information. The process of the financial information is 4 steps in Korea financial institution. The second study on the business propel of financial information in Korea financial institution. The study on the electronic money, electronic bill presentment and payment, internet banking, electronic business exchange B to B, electronic information exchange system and call center the mate customer. The method of the study is literature survey. The future research is emprical study in financial institution and value.


Gastric cancer(GC) seriously impacts on human health with high incidence and mortality rate in the world.Raf kinase inhibitor protein(RKIP) that was discovered in our previous studies is down-regulated in GC,which is associated with the occurrence,differentiation,invasion,and metastasis of GC.In order to investigate the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of RKIP in the occurrence and metastasis of GC,the fusion expression plasmid pcDNA3.1-RKIP-3xFLAG was transiently transfected into SGC7901 cells with liposome-mediated approach,the RKIP fusion proteins were purified with 3xFLAG tag affinity chromatography,and the RKIP-interacted proteins were identified with electrospray ionization-Quadrupole-time of flight(ESI-Q-TOF) tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS).A total of 66 RKIP-interacted proteins were MS/MS-identified.The MS/MS-characterized components of the existing interaction complex(RKIP and 14-3-3) were confirmed with Western blotting in combination with co-immunoprecipitation.It is the first time to discover the interaction of RKIP with 14-3-3.This preliminary study on the molecular mechanisms that how RKIP inhibits the occurrence and development of GC provides novel clues for the early-stage diagnosis,prognosis monitoring,and targeted gene therapy of GC.


Most life-cycle assessments of fuel cells, fuel cell vehicles and other hydrogen technologies to date have focussed on single issues, such as air pollution or greenhouse gas emissions. The current investigation aims to be more comprehensive, by looking at specific technology in actual production, with the aim to create 1) an inventory of substances with potential harm, from PEM fuel cell production, over the system in which it is used to final disposition, 2) an impact analysis including environmental effects, health effects and less tangible social effects, 3) a damage assessment accounted in terms of actual physical damage, 4) an assessment in comparative terms, weighing the different damage contributions on a common scale as far as possible, and 5) suggesting alternative procedures during production, materials choice, conditions of use, and finally decommissioning, that will reduce those impacts deemed critical, eventually by formulating norms and regulation to govern the use of fuel cells in society.


The acyclic precursors. methyl 3-perfluoroallkyl-4-carbethoxy-5-methoxy-6-(trihenylphosphoranylidene)hexa-2.4-dienoates (4) were obtained via the addition reaction of ethyl 3-methoxy-4-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)but-2-enoate (2) with equally molar methyl 2-perfluoroalkynoates (3). Ethyl 2,4-dimethoxy-6-perfluoroalkylbenzoates (5) were synthesized in high yield via an intramolecular elimination of Ph3PO of 4 by heating in anhydrous benzene in a sealed tube. The structure of these compounds was confirmed by IR, 1H, 13C, 2D C-H cosy NMR and mass spectra and elemental analyses. The possible reaction mechanisms were also proposed.


Patients with advanced prostate cancer have few treatment options. While androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors are the standard of care for the systemic treatment, patients often develop resistance despite an initial response. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are required. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; FOLH1) is highly expressed in prostate cancer with limited expression in normal tissues. Therefore, PSMA presents an attractive target for radionuclide therapy and PSMA-targeted therapies have already shown efficacy in the clinical setting. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of 225Ac-pelgifatamab, a PSMA-targeted actinium-225 conjugate, in combination with the AR inhibitor darolutamide in androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer models. AR inhibitors are known to upregulate PSMA expression, therefore providing a rationale for combining 225Ac-pelgifatamab with darolutamide and potentially resulting in an enhanced treatment effect.
 In vitro, darolutamide induced the expression of PSMA in androgen-dependent VCaP and androgen-independent 22Rv1 cells by more than 10-fold and 2-fold, respectively. The efficacy of darolutamide in combination with 225Ac-pelgifatamab was synergistic in these cells with combination indexes of 0.12 and 0.47, respectively. In the androgen-dependent, patient-derived ST1273 model, a single i.v. injection of 225Ac-pelgifatamab at 75 kBq/kg resulted in a treatment/control (T/C) ratio of 0.22 on day 30, while twice daily (BID) oral (p.o.) treatment with 100 mg/kg darolutamide showed a T/C ratio of 0.29. However, the combination of darolutamide and 225Ac-pelgifatamab resulted in enhanced antitumor efficacy with a T/C ratio of 0.008. Furthermore, 5/10 mice remained tumor-free 86 days after the 225Ac-pelgifatamab injection. In the androgen-independent cell line-derived 22Rv1 model, darolutamide (100 mg/kg, p.o., BID) monotherapy was not efficacious with a T/C of 0.84 on day 16 but a single i.v. dose of 225Ac-pelgifatamab at 150 kBq/kg resulted in a T/C ratio of 0.69. Remarkably, the combination of darolutamide and 225Ac-pelgifatamab resulted in further enhanced efficacy with a T/C ratio of 0.34. Flow cytometric analysis of isolated 22Rv1 tumors showed a 50-fold increase in PSMA expression upon darolutamide treatment compared with vehicle. Taken together, these results suggest that upregulation of PSMA expression contributes to the higher efficacy observed when darolutamide is combined with 225Ac-pelgifatamab.
 In conclusion, our results provide a proof of concept for investigating the combination of 225Ac-pelgifatamab with darolutamide in the clinical setting.
 Citation Format: Christoph A. Schatz, Bernard Haendler, Sabine Zitzmann-Kolbe, Aasmund Larsen, Hartwig Hennekes, Carsten H. Nielsen, Maria Z. Alfsen, Alan Cuthbertson, Stefanie Hammer, Arne Scholz, Urs B. Hagemann. PSMA-targeted actinium-225 conjugate (225Ac-pelgifatamab) potentiates the antitumor efficacy of darolutamide in androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5047.


Background/Objective: Mild Head Injury (MHI) is the most commontype of head trauma, and forms a majority of the injuries seen in the traumaunit (65-85%).1 This study was aimed at using previously identifiedclinical risk factors to determine which category of patients with MHIwould not need to undergo Computed Tomography (CT). This may serveas cost saving measure to patients and hospitals likewise reduce collectiveradiation dose to the population.Methodology: A retrospective study conducted at the trauma unit of ateaching hospital situated in the Cape Metropole. CT scan images of 50patients aged 14 years and above who had MHI and undergone CTexamination were retrieved from the archive. Patients' information, clinicalhistory and resultant CT findings were collated. Clinical risk factors werecorrelated with abnormal and normal CT scan findings. Data wereanalyzed using chi-square statistic at 95% confidence interval.Results: Twenty three (46%) of the patients had abnormal CT findings,and all presented with one or more of these risk factors; severe headache(10%), skull fracture (20%), scalp injury (6%), loss of consciousness(LOC)(8%) and intoxication(2%). The results were not statisticallysignificant when compared with the normal CT scans group. Four patients(8%) with no risk factors had normal CT scans. All the patients presentingwith the clinical risk factors, of nausea and vomiting 6% (n=50), seizures4% (n=50) had normal CT scan findings.Conclusion: Certain clinical risk factors can be used to suggest theprobability of abnormal CT scan in patients with MHI. Patients with norisk factors such as patients with confusion and disorientation are morelikely to have normal CT findings and may therefore be exempted from CTexamination. Further studies with larger sample size may be helpful invalidating these findings.


The pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is multifactorial and multigenic. Despite the identification of several NPC-associated ribosomal proteins (RPs), the roles of these factors and their interacting partners in NPC tumourigenesis are poorly understood. To date, NPC- associated RP genes are either up or down-regulated in diseased/tumour situation compared to normal condition. The ribosomal protein eL27 (RPeL27) has been known to be over-expressed at both transcript and protein levels in NPC cell lines. This hypothesis was reinforced by our study herein. More importantly, using gene knockdown (RNA interference technique) followed by 2D gelelectrophoresis (2D GE) and in silico analysis; we revealed 15 proteins that are likely to interact with RPeL27 during situation of NPC tumourigenesis. These include COTL1, MAGOHB, UBE2N, NDPKA, TMED10, PSMB6, CA2, PGAM1, RPeL14, RPeS8, TPI1,PSMA2, RPeL19, GSTP1, and TPM1. Their association with RPeL27 could attribute to gene expression alteration, cell migration disruption and invasion, promotion of cancer cell survival, immune evasion, and genomic instability. Our findings provide new theoretical insights into the mechanism and involvement of RPeL27 in NPC pathogenesis. This is pertinent in understanding the molecular pathogenesis mediated by ribosomal proteins in the malignancy of the nasopharyngeal tissues.


Takahashi have compiled all the scientific literature on Hawaii since Europeans discovered the islands, when Captain Cook arrived there in 1779. The modern literature of course is vast, so this bibliography is confined to the time before 1955. This is an appropriate year, as the 1954-1955 eruption of Kilauea provided the first integrated study of a volcanic event combining geophysical and visual observation. This was a classic investigation which has proved to be a model for scientific documentation of eruptions. The bibliography is in alphabetical order and each reference is annotated with a brief description of the most important points. Seminal or historically significant articles are described in some detail. The editors also provide comments on important conclusions, ideas or observations in italics and in parentheses. Sometimes these comments point out that subsequent data have proved the author of the article incorrect. In other examples the authors demonstrated great insight and pioneered fundamental ideas in volcanology. A very informative 14-page introduction puts the bibliography in an historical perspective, highlighting some of the key discoveries in evolution of ideas on Hawaii and in volcanology. This introduction also draws out the different personalities of the observers and scientists who contributed to the grand march of knowledge. Part of the value of the book will no doubt be to future generations of scientists who work on Hawaii. In this sense it is quite a specialist publication. However, the book also provides an important document for the history of geological sciences, especially in relation to understanding the evolution of ideas on volcanism. There are many fascinating details. One example is worth mentioning as it illustrates the potential value of the book. Early observers of Hawaii were missionaries in the nineteenth century who made some of the most precise and accurate observations of Hawaiian activity. The editors make the point that their work was often superior to that of the early scientists, who were often biased by current theories. They provide a nice example of the eminent geologist James Dana in 1852, who thought that fissures must exist down the flanks to feed the lava streams because he regarded it as physically unreasonable for lavas to flow long distances. The missionary Titus Coan observed almost all eruptions of Mauna Loa and Kilauea between 1835 and 1882. He observed the flows moving from fissures many kilometres and saw no evidence for fissures along the length of the flows. Coan was correct and Dana eventually realized his mistake. This is an interesting case history in the debate on the scientific method and philosophy. The modern tendency to emulate our colleagues in physics and chemistry instils the commonly held view that science operates by formulating hypotheses and testing them by making observations. The missionaries on Hawaii indicate that simply making detailed objective observations can be a valid methodology too.


Michael addition of organomagnesiums or -lithiums with methyl 2-(trimethylsilyl)propenoate leads to either 1:1 or 1:2 adduct anions, depending upon the reaction conditions and the reactivity of donor molecules. The adduct anions, both 1:1 and 1:2 types, are quenched with alkyl halides or water in a highly stereoselective manner to produce α-silylated esters. A rigid intramolecular chelation working in the adduct anions is partly responsible for the high selectivity.


Aim To analyze drug-resistance of Burkholderia pseudomalleiin 17 cases.Methods Burkholderia pseudomallei were detected from 17 patients diagnosised as melioidosis in Hainan Provincial People's Hospital between April 2009 and April 2010,and drug resistance tests were conducted.Results Mst patients were male farmers with clinical manifestations of fever and shiver.The resistance of Burkholderia pseudomallei to ampicillin,cefazolin,cefoxitin,cefuroxime sodium,cefuroxime axetil,amikacin,cefepime,gentamycin were 100%,the resistance to levofloxacin,cefotaxime 23.5% and 17.6%,while it was sensitive to imipenem,piperacillin-tazobactam,meraopenem,the sensitivity to cefoperazone-sulbactam was 88.2% and 76.5% to ceftazidime.Conclusion The misdiagnosis rate of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection is high and confirmed diagnosis depends on pathogenic detection.agnosis by investigations on bacteria.Imipenem,piperacillin-tazobactam,meraopenem are the drugs of choice for treatment of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection.


The Labour Government elected to office in Britain in 1997 is committed to modernisation. Observers may detect an echo here of earlier species of Labour modernisers, but the plans of all contemporary European governments, are located within the context of the Europeanisation of European governance. It is a process that impacts upon members of the European Union (EU) and those aspiring to join. An understanding of modernisation must take cognisance of developments in public administration and an understanding of the modernisation of public sector institutions within contemporary Europe requires the concept and process of Europeanisation be addressed. The study of Europeanisation, although exploring the impact of intergovernmental and supranational institutions, is mostly located at the national and sub-national level in terms of its effects. But its dynamics are (variously) national, regional, transnational, supranational and global. The ontology of Europeanisation, or perhaps more accurately, Europeanised institutions, is part of a broader global process that has its historical roots in the cold war and its present in the global economic liberalism that is stripping the political capacity of states to adequately deal with its consequences. Only in Europe is this referred to as Europeanisation. Despite the different British and Continental European traditions, there is an increasing convergence in the policy-making and institutional decision-making structures and procedures of their public administrations. At its grandest Europeanisation resurrects some of the neo-functionalist dynamic for supranationalism through institutional integration, with EU law as represented through the Union's own court and national courts' compliance being a key element. An implication of this is not that Europeanisation is inevitable, but is contingent upon social, political and economic interactions, while giving primacy to the impact of European developments at the domestic level. Europeanisation is often a fundamental constituent of analyses that argues that the power of national governments and the nation-state are being 'hollowed-out' and transferred up to supranational institutions and down to the regions. But this article argues that the impact has been both ways, as national governments have demanded in return, the modernisation of the Commission and its increased efficiency and accountability.


THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DESCRIBE ALTERATIONS IN BLOOD CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND URINALYSIS WHICH ENABLE TO ESTABLISH THE DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN DOGS. THIRTY CASES OF DIABETIC DOGS WERE ANALYZED. THE INCLUSION CRITERIA WERE THE FOLLOWING: HYPERGLYCEMIA ABOVE 14 MMOL/L, GLUCOSURIA, URINE DENSITY ABOVE 1.014 AND POLYURIA-POLYDIPSIA. DOGS OF DIFFERENT BREEDS, FROM 7 MONTHS TO 14 YEARS OF AGE AND BOTH GENDERS (73.3% FEMALES AND 26.7% MALES) WERE STUDIED. THE MOST FREQUENT BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN BLOOD SERUM WERE: HYPERGLYCEMIA (100%), INCREASED UREA (46%) AND CREATININE (13%), INCREASE OF ENZYME ACTIVITIES ALT (50%), AST (46%), ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE (56%), AMYLASE (20%), CREATINE KINASE (66%); HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA (66%), HYPERGLOBULINEMIA (33%), HYPERPHOSPHOREMIA (33%), HYPERKALIEMIA (43%), HYPONATREMIA (16%), HYPOCHLOREMIA (46%), HYPOBICARBONATEMIA (50%), INCREASED ANION GAP (53%), INCREASED STRONG ION DIFFERENCE (30%), INCREASED SERUM OSMOLALITY (23%) AND HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA (50%). THE URINE DENSITY WAS BETWEEN 1.015 AND 1.064, MEAN VALUE OF URINE GLUCOSE 49 MMOL/L. URINE KETONE BODIES WERE DETECTED IN 10% OF ALL CASES. DESCRIBED ALTERATIONS IN CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY ARE IMPORTANT FOR THE DIAGNOSIS, CLINICAL CARE, AND PROGNOSIS OF DOGS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS.


Learning in the 21st century is currently required to be able to improve 6C's skills (collaboration, communication, creative thinking, critical thinking, computing, and affection). This study aims to produce MCA-oriented E-LKPD products on 6C's's abilities of high school students that are valid, practical and effective. The Research and Development research development method follows the four-D Model which consists of 4 stages of development, namely: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research subjects were ten students of class XII at SMA Wachid Hasyim 2 Taman. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and post-tests. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of this study obtained the validity of the MCA-oriented E-LKPD on 6C's abilities from validation data filled in by material experts, media experts and practitioner experts with a score of 3.3; 3.5; and 3.5. In addition, the practicality of the MCA-oriented E-LKPD on 6C's abilities from the assessment of expert practitioners, namely teachers as users, gives a score of 3.5. While the effectiveness of the MCA-oriented E-LKPD on 6C's abilities from the results of trials on small groups of ten students obtained an average of 81.13% with a very effective interpretation. Based on the results of this study, the developed E-LKPD media met the expected validity, practicality and effectiveness criteria. So that it can be said that the MCA-oriented E-LKPD products on the 6C's abilities of high school students are valid, practical, and effective for use in learning


The invention discloses an urban healthy trip planning method and system based on a floating car method. The urban healthy trip planning method comprises: collecting a PM2.5 test value and a geographical coordinate at a position where a vehicle is, and sending the PM2.5 test value and the geographical coordinate to a server to form an urban PM2.5 test value data collection; showing different PM2.5 test values with different colors on an electronic map; and determining a healthy trip path according to the PM2.5 value and a path distance between a departure point and a destination. The system includes two parts of a vehicle-mounted testing device and the server. The invention can effectively solve the problems of fixed monitoring points, limited monitoring amount, high monitoring cost, long update time of monitoring data, and insufficient accuracy of the PM2.5 value at a specific location. An optimum route with excellent air quality and proper distance can be planned according to the departure point and the destination of a resident, so that a trip for the resident becomes convenient.


The assessment of the state of platelet hemostasis in the body of cows of Auliekol and black-and-white breeds in the last trimester of pregnancy and the relationship of its indicators with the level of cortisol and progesterone is given. Laboratory tests were performed 60 and 1-3 days before the expected date of delivery. It was found that the breed of cows affected the level of platelet parameters. At the same time, their value in the blood of cows of the Auliekol breed exceeds the level of animals of the black - and - white breed by 3.15-31.89 %. The dynamics of changes in platelet parameters during the preparation of the mother's body for childbirth is of the same type and is characterized by a decrease in the total number of platelets by 11.74 and 24.14% and their volume fraction in the blood (thrombocrit) by 6.45 and 12.00 %, respectively. At the same time, the average platelet volume, the number of megalothrombocytes and the breadth of their distribution by volume increases by 6.83; 16.37 and 14.94 % (in the Auliekol breed) and 15.49; 16.01 and 17.19 % (in the black-and-white breed). These changes are associated with the level of the hormones cortisol and progesterone, the biological effects of which involve the regulation of platelet aggregation by controlling the level of young cells (megalothrombocytes) in the blood of cows. This is evidenced by statistically significant values of correlation coefficients in pairs of signs: cortisol-P-LGR r=0.72±0.24-0.88±0.17; progesterone-P – LGR r=-0.72±0.24 – -0.83±0.20.


The vehicle-loaded energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence(EDXRF) spectrometry instruments were utilized for on-site analysis of superstratum and bedrock samples from light drilling at drilling fields in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang.About 400 drilling samples were collected,prepared and analyzed on-site.The on-site EDXRF data were assessed by comparing with in-lab data obtained from the same samples by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry instruments and ICP-MS.Good consistencies were found between on-site and laboratory analysis data(the average of the various methods) for K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Ga,As,Rb,Sr,Y,Zr,Nb,Ba,Pb and Th.As long as concentration levels exceeded 10 μg/g,average relative deviations better than 25% were achieved for all of the above-mentioned elements except for V and Ba.Smaller relative deviations were achieved with increasing elemental concentrations.On-site analysis data of the 18 above-mentioned elements in geological reference materials GBW 07301-GBW 07304 were in good accordance with the specification of testing quality management for geological laboratories(1∶200 000),except for Cu and Ga which were low in concentrations.The applied research results show that the vehicle-loaded instrument works properly and the on-site analysis method is rapidity,accurate and suitable for field drilling and geochemical exploration.


Sufficient conditions are established for the uniform ultimate boundedness of solutions of a third-order nonlinear differential equation (1). When , criteria under which all solutions ( , , ', '') 0 pt xx x = () , x t its first and second derivatives tend to zero as are given. , t→∞


Cultural property from developing countries is the focus of a highly lucrative international trade in art. A peculiar negative feature of this trade is its significant illicit dimension, an issue that is consistently raised by experts, but whose true proportions remain unknown. Art and artefacts may be stolen outright from their owners—individuals and museums alike—or they may be exported from their countries of origin in contravention of domestic export restrictions. The illicit international movement of cultural property contributes to the problematic depletion of cultural patrimony in the art-rich "source" countries of the developing world. It also creates a danger of damage to the property and even raises the possibility that cultural objects may be destroyed in transit. When the movement of cultural property occurs outside the ambit of legality, these risks intensify. An elaborate legal framework for the protection of cultural property consisting of the domestic laws of art-rich countries and two major international conventions attempts to address these concerns. However, cultural property law has been largely ineffective in stemming the illicit flow of art. Through the doctrine of authors' "moral rights," copyright law may provide an alternative legal approach to the protection of cultural heritage. Moral rights are a device for protecting the noneconomic interests of creative authors in their work. While copyright generally protects the economic rights of an author, most copyright laws also include moral rights provisions which recognize the personal aspects of creative endeavours. Moral rights are widely considered to originate in the culture of Western European Romanticism, which idealized the creative individual as a being uniquely invested with the power and mystique of original genius.The doctrine of moral rights creates a privileged relationship in law between a creative author and his work. Moral rights provide legal protections for a number of key elements in this relationship, including a right to be identified as the author of one's own work, protection from the association of another author with one's work, and the prevention of unauthorized distortions of one's work.


Abstract : This report discusses the simulation of a diesel electric propulsion system for an icebreaker using AC generators and rectified DC for the propulsion motors. A comparison is made between an icebreaker using this system and one using a more conventional electric propulsion system. (Author)


Automated digital signal processing technique is widely used in nondestructive testing of rails. It allows increasing considerably informational content, reliability and productivity of testing. However the reliability of classification algorithms significantly depends on quality of a preliminary noise filtration. This work describes the benefits of adaptive filters in the scope of magnetodynamic signals processing. The results of spectral analysis prove that use of simple digital filters considerably distorts amplitude of desired signal. The algorithm is realized on the basis of a two-layer artificial neural network with direct signal propagation. Training of a network has done on a low-frequency noise component of signal. It is shown that application of an adaptive filtration allows reduction of signals from the tie plates which existence complicates identification of signals from defects. The advantages of an adaptive filtration are: 1. More effective filtration in comparison with frequency domain filtration. 2. Less distortion of amplitude and form of desired signal. 3. The possibility of automatic adjustable parameters of the filter for noise suppression with various carrier frequencies.


In the past, there has been agreement across board concerning Africa's malaise. Therefore, winds of change that have been occurring over the last two decades are noticeable, and a new narrative has been replacing the earlier jaded perspective. A light is being focused on the new generation of Africans driving technology, culture, education, and entrepreneurship among other areas, shifting the continent from earlier marginalized perspectives, to a new world which other regions are courting for business opportunity. What is the nature of the transformation that has given a boost to the continent? Broadly, this newly reinvigorated perspective is referred to as Africa rising. It is a conversation that is still taking shape. This paper contributes to the discourse by outlining the changes that have occurred. It begins by exploring the continent's jaded historical background, explores change in the political space since the 1990s, which in turn created an environment that intersected with the revolution in information technology to enable an economic turnaround. Lastly, the paper explores the ongoing demographic transition, with a particular emphasis on the continent's young population as the vital driving force into the future of the continent. Key-words: Africa, social change, youth, technology.


Wave field synthesis (WFS) is a reproduction technique based on a high number of loudspeakers which allows accurate reconstruction of the desired sound field. Many theoretical researches about WFS have been carried out, but its study from a practical point of view has been often ignored. In this paper we propose a real-time approach to WFS, focusing on the investigation of efficient solutions with the aim of decreasing the high computational complexity. In particular we will present two different array geometries: a rectangular one constituted by four linear arrays and a circular one and the results of their real-time implementation will be shown.


Sho-syndrome was analyzed by cluster analysis of answers to a set of questionnaire presented to first-visit patients at a hospital of Japanese-Oriental (Kampo) medicine. The answers from 270 new patients were classified into 3 groups by hierarchical cluster analysis, with a total of 202 non-female related items. We looked at which Sho-syndromes of metabolic (Mb: "Kan-" _??_-), gastrointestinal (Gi: "Hi" _??_-), respiratory (Rp: "Hai-" _??_-), or water and mineral-balance (Wm: "Zin-" _??_-) deficiency ("Kyo" _??_) disorders were included, in one of the groups at high frequencies. Water and mineral-balance deficiency disorders were in Group II and III, while metabolic deficiency disorders were in Group III. We conclude that the results of this analysis support the rationale for the empirical determination of Sho-syndrome, in addition to pulse diagnosis by Kampo-clinicians who examine patients.


The measurement of optical constants for molten phase-change thin film is a key issue in designing super-resolution media. We have succeeded in the stable measurement for the first time. In our measurements, phase-change thin film was sandwiched between metal oxide protective thin films, which remain stable over the melting point of phase-change material. The stability of this measurement was confirmed by the repeatability of the temperature dependence of transmittance and reflectance, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation.


Sensorless vector control of an induction motor drive essentially means vector control without any speed sensor. It is possible to estimate the speed signal from machine terminal voltages and currents with the help of a DSP. Sensorless vector controlled drives are commercially available at this time. A sensorless vector control system based on model referencing adaptive system (MRAS) is introduced. The calculation model of rotor flux was analyzed. The sensorless vector control system was realized based on the chip of TMS320LF2407A. The simulation and test result verified that the method of sensorless vector control is feasible and valid.


Advancing technology will fundamentally change our world. Education will be key to ensuring that these changes are positive. As information highways are intrinsic to both, this paper provides some insight into how they might evolve. I. TECHNOLOGY WILL MAKE A DIFFERENCE 1 ver the next fifty years, the world's population should stabilize around fifteen billion. Either the forty million new jobs needed to maintain full employment are created each year or the underdeveloped to developed population ratio will increase by a factor of five. Tomorrow's world will be shaped by the interplay between these demographics and three areas of technology: communications, biotechnology, and robotics. Whereas in the past, demographic effects were offset by dis- persal of the benefits of technological advancement, current intellectual property protection makes this much less likely. While telecommunication and information technologies are being used to counter pressures of global competition in the fast-paced information intensive developed world (and economies and businesses are being restructured in the pro- cess), their application to the international financial commu- nity may diminish the value of the nation-state. As the trillion dollars per day in electronic transfers exceeds the GNP of most countries, the multinational corporations controlling these transfers may have more impact on local economies than their governments. Advances in biotechnology are beginning to move agricul- tural production from land to factory-based operations and advanced robotics are beginning to decrease the need for low skilled labour. Removing the value of the two primary resources available to the world's underdeveloped nations, the nations in which most of the population growth will occur, will have significant repercussions. In this dichotomy between the positive and negative impacts of technology on the developed and underdeveloped nations (respectively), some balance will be attained. Education will be key to both evaluating the appropriate trade-offs and ensuring that the bal- ance achieved is a positive one. At a more personal level, competition amongst the forty mil- lion people for the new employment opportunities that are created will be intense and education will be a key differentia- tor.


Since the release of the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift tracking has improved, leading to virtual reality (VR) games that allow players to stand and physically move around virtual environments. Consequently, these VR games can provide players with beneficial levels of exercise. In this paper we provide a design framework for using activity sensor data within VR games called VRmove. This framework was derived from an analyses of data from studies of 18 players over 4 diverse commercial VR games to identify key elements for exertion and enjoyment: actual and perceived exertion being key for representing the gain from the fun disguising the effort and the multi-factorial element of movement involved. The rationale of this work is to demonstrate the use of the VRmove framework to inform the design of a new game. This work's core contribution is the VRmove framework, which informs the design of future VR games so they are exerting while still being enjoyable.


This article deals with the observation problem in traffic flow theory. The model used is the quasiilinear viscous Burgers equation. Instead of using the traditional fixed sensors to estimate the state of the traffic at given points, the measurements here are obtained from Probe Vehicles (PVs). We propose then a moving dynamic boundary observer whose boundaries are defined by the trajectories of the PVs. The main result of this article is the exponential convergence of the observation error, and, in some cases, its finite-time convergence. Finally, numerical simulations show that it is possible to observe the traffic in the congested, free-flow, and mixed regimes provided that the number of PVs is large enough.


The famous Robert Axelrod experiment proves that with good will,tolerant,strong and simple algorithm always is a winner.Based on this thought,PESCO algorithm is designed.It seeks the Pareto efficient solution,achieves the win-win situationas as far as possible,if the opponents are cooperative in the cooperative game.In the non-cooperative game,or opponent is uncooperative,it can be ensured safety in the proceeds.And by the Supplier-Retailers game,Stackelberg game and non-cooperative guessing the coin game,it is carried on gambling the PESCO algorithm with several algorithms,the PESCO algorithm has obtained good results.


Integration of Kirillov form on a coadjoint orbit of Virasoro algebra yields the coupling of a background field to Polyakov's two dimensional quantum gravity. This background field is used to be called the diffeomorphism field. Einstein's gravity is dynamically trivial in two dimensions. Moreover, the diffeomorphism field can be interpreted as the gravitational analog of a Yang-Mills field. This raises the question of whether the diffeomorphism field exists in higher dimensions, and plays an essential role in gravity. With this motivation, several dynamical theories for the diffeomorphism field have been constructed by mimicking construction of Yang-Mills theory from Kac-Moody algebra.
This thesis constitutes a further development for obtaining a consistent dynamical theory of the diffeomorphism field. The previously proposed theories are thoroughly examined, certain subtleties and problems in them have been discovered and made apparent. Some of these problems have been solved, and for others possible routes to follow have been laid down. Finally, alternative geometric approaches are investigated.


Medium density fibreboard is a ubiquitous element in modern furniture, here we consider utilising waste MDF as a future energy source. In particular, we focus upon the hybrid direct carbon fuel cell (HDCFC), which involves a combined molten carbonate/solid oxide fuel cell anode/electrolyte interface and can be fuelled by a wide range of carbon forms. Current–voltage measurements and a.c. impedance at temperatures in the range of 525–800 °C have been made on cells powered by pyrolysed medium density fibreboard (pMDF) samples which had undergone three different preparatory treatments (immersion of strips in molten eutectic carbonate mixture; deep soaking of strips in aqueous carbonate mixture corresponding to the eutectic composition and fine powdering). Below 700 °C the three pMDF samples show quite different electrochemical performance in the HDCFC, but above 700 °C their behaviour becomes similar. Powdered pMDF gives the best OCV (0.89 V) and lowest resistance (2.36 Ω) values below 700 °C, although the electrochemical performance is dominated by diffusion limitations and the performance degrades at higher temperatures. The immersed strip behaves quite differently with limited performance below 750 °C but it shows both good OCV, 1 V, and low resistance, <4 Ω, at higher temperatures. Three components are discernable, an ohmic contribution probably due to both ionic resistance of zirconia electrolyte and electronic resistance of current collection and two electrode processes thought to be associated with the transfer of oxygen ions at the electrode : electrolyte interface and diffusion of reactant species through the electrode. The activation energies calculated from the ohmic resistances for the three samples (−0.79 – −1.00 eV) are of similar order to that expected for the yttria zirconia electrolyte.


Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus combined with small dose of prednisone in treating patients with stage Ⅰand Ⅱ membranous nephropathy.Methods: Forty-seven patients who were diagnosed as membranous nephropathy by renal biopsy from January 2009 to December 2010 were divided into stageⅠmembranous nephropathy group(group Ⅰ,21 cases)and stage Ⅱ membranous nephropathy group(groupⅡ,26 cases)according to Ehrenreich and Churg staging methods.Therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects in the two groups were observed.Results: Average blood concentration of tacrolimus in groupⅠ was fluctuating between 5.04~8.50 μg/L in the couse of treatment,and that in group Ⅱwas fluctuating between 4.87~8.54 μg/L.Total remission rates of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were 81% and 46% respectively,and there was significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).The levels of 24-hour urinary protein(UP),triglyceride and cholestrol significantly decreased(P0.05)and albumin significantly increased(P0.05) in both the two groups after treatment for 12 months.UP levels of groupⅠin 3 months and 6 months after treatment were significantly lower than those of group Ⅱ(P0.05).Conclusions: The efficacy of tacrolimus combined with small dose of prednisone in treating of stageⅠand stage Ⅱmembranous nephropathy is good.Both complete remission rate and partial remission rate of groupⅠare higher than those of group Ⅱ.Adverse reactions in the two groups are not common,and there is no significant difference of adverse reactions between the two groups.


Some women may be deterred from pursuing surgical careers because theatre uniforms go against their religious dress codes. Samina Ali and Virginia Bowbrick look at how flexibility in theatre scrubs can support Muslim women who wear the hijab and abaya, and how greater awareness of the provisions available could help to support diversity in surgical careers


[Objective] To study the effects of resveratrol on membrane potential and calcium ions of human vascular smooth muscle cell(T/G HA-VSMC).[Method] HA-VSMC was labeled with DiBAC4(3) and Fluo-3-AM,respectively;and then the changes of membrane potentials and the concentration of calcium ions were detected by flow cytometer.[Result] Res made the HA-VSMC membrane potentials less negative or depolarized,and increased the concentration of intracellular free calcium.[Conclusion] Res could depolarize the membrane potentials and increase the concentration of intracellular free calcium in HA-VSMC.


Education is promoted as a powerful tool in the transformative process deemed necessary to limit climate change. The article explores five texts on reflective inquiry (Dewey, Freire, Schon, Mezirow and Brookfield) and asks how each of them might inform the education of aware, critical and empowered consumers. Across different agendas, the texts share a structure of four phases in how they describe reflective inquiry as a distinctive operation of thought. The texts provide descriptions on how to unearth the current state of the art, but there is less elaboration on how to get from awareness and criticism to transformation. To trigger an exploration of new modes of production, trade and consumption, the article proposes a model that coins the four phases of reflective inquiry with methods from Systems Oriented Design.


What are some of the pitfalls of treating patients from varying cultural backgrounds, what cultural issues should psychiatrists be aware of and how can they fit varying culturally based psychiatric disorders into a proper diagnostic framework? Using case studies, Dr. Moldavsky explores the clinical implications of culture in psychiatric practice.


The purpose of the test was to determine the effective coverage of the proposed upgrades to the existing Hanford Site Emergency Alerting System (HSEAS). The upgrades are to enhance the existing HSEAS along the Columbia River from the Vernita Bridge to the White Bluffs Boat Launch as well as install a new alerting system in the 400 Area on the Hanford Site. Five siren sites along the Columbia River and two sites in the 400 Area were tested to determine the site locations that will provide the desired coverage.


We consider here the genericity aspects of spacetime singularities that occur in cosmology and in gravitational collapse. The singularity theorems (that predict the occurrence of singularities in general relativity) allow the singularities of gravitational collapse to be either visible to external observers or covered by an event horizon of gravity. It is shown that the visible singularities that develop as final states of spherical collapse are generic. Some consequences of this fact are discussed.


The synthesis of high specific activity tritium-labeled 4-(acetoxymethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone is reported. This compound was prepared by tritiation of 4-(acetoxymethylnitrosamino)-1-[3-(5-bromo)-pyridyl]-1-butanone (5-BrNNKOAc) in the presence of 10% Pd/C catalyst, yielding a product with a specific activity of 11.9 Ci/mmol. This pathway represents a major improvement over previously published methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The coupling o f Navier-Stokes mean Aow calculations and linear stability analysis methods is examined. Several problems arising with this coupling are discussed, and a method for determination o f the laminar boundary layer edge in a Navier-Stokes solution from the local velocity profile is presented. Using a Aat plate boundarylayer, the accuracy o f the Navier-Stokesgenerated velocity profiles and their derivatives is investigated with emphasis on the influence o f artificial dissipation, mesh resolution and mesh stretching. A comparison is made between the N factors from direct stability analysis o f the Navier-Stokes solution and N factors from the exact Blasius solution. Finally, the integral boundary layer method o f Drela and Giles is implemented in a Na vier-Stokes solver to provide a transition location generated from the Na vier-Stokes pressure distribution