HEALTH OF ENGLISH TOWNS IN the twenty-eight large Etnglish towns, including London, dealt with in the Registrar-General's Weekly Return, which have an estimated population of 9,093,817 persons, 6,100 bir'ths and S,535 deaths were registered during the week ending Saturday, April 1 thI. The annual rate of mortality, which had declined in the four precedinig weeks from 29.3 to 20.1, was 20.3 durinig the week under notice. The rates In the several towns, ranged In or(der fronm the loweat, were as follow:Wolverhampton, 14.4; Sunderland, 14.7; Birkenlhead, 15.3; Cardiff, 15.5; Norwich, 15.9; Leicester, 17.6; Bristol, 17.9; Sheffield, 18.0; Hull, 18.0; Preston, 18.0; Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 18.5; Liverpool, 19.3; Brighton, 19.3; Halifax, 19.8; Leeds, 19.4; London, 19.8; Salford, 20.0; Huddersfield, 20.0; Bolton, 20.8; Bradford, 21.4; Nottingham, 21.8; Birmingham, 24.6; Oldham, 24.8 Derby 25.0; Plymouth 2.5 2; Portsmouth 25.3; Manchester 27.1; an the highest rate drinf the week, 82.3 In Ailaekbuirn. The death-rate in the twenity-seven provincial towns averaged 20.7 ler 1,000, and exceeded by 0.9 the rate recorded in Lendon, which, as before stated, was 19.8 per 1,000. The 3,535 deaths registered in the twenty-eight towns during the week under notice Included 140 which were referred to whooping-cough, 114 to mieasles, 43 to (liarrhcea diseases, 26 to diphtheria, 26 to "ever" (principally enteric), 21 to scarlet fever, and not one to small-pox; in all, 367 deaths resulted from these .principlal zymotic diseases, against numbers declininig from 430 to 362 in the four preceding weeks. These 867 deaths were equal to an annual rate of 2.1 per 1,000. wIn London the zymotic death-rte waas 2.3 per 1,000, while it averaged 2.0 in the twenty-seven provincial towns, and ranged from 0.3 and 0.4 per 1,000 in Bull and Leicester, to 5.4 in Birmingham 5.9 in Blackburn, and 6.1 in Portsmouth. The fatal cases of whoopin-cough, which had declined in the four preceding weeks ftom 195 to 130, rose again during the week under notice to 140, and caused the highest death-rates in Plymouth and Salford. The deaths referred to measles, which in the two previous weeks had been 97 and 121, declined to 114, and showed the largest proportional fatality in Bolton, Blackburn, Birminglham, and Portsmouth. the43 fatal cases of diarrhcra showed a slight furthur inerease upon recent weekly numbers. The deaths from diphtheria, which had been 19 and 21 in the two preceding weeks, further rose during the week under notice to 26, and includod 17 in London and 2 in Liverpool. The 23 fatal cases of fever showed a further decline from recent weekly riumbers, and were fewer thani those recorded in any week sinice the ei,dl oif April, 1885. The deaths referred to scarlet fever, which had been 19 and 26 In the two previous weeks, declined to 21 during the week under notice. No fatal eae of small-pox was recorded in any of the twenty-eight towns, but the death of a London resident from small-pox occurredin the Metropolitan AsylunmHospital ship Attas, situated outside Registration London. The number of small-pox patients in the Metropolitan Asylum Hospitals, which had been 7 and 8 in the two preceding weeks, further rose to 16 on Saturday, April 17th; 6 new cases were admitted to these hospitals durinig the week under niotice, agaiimst 2 and 5 in tIme two preceding weeks. The deathnte from diseases of the respiratory organs in London during the week was equal to 4.6 per 1,000, and was considerably below the average. The causes of 76, or 2.1 per cent., of the 8,535 deaths registered during the week in the twenty. eight towns were not certified, either by registered uiedical practitioners or by coroners. During the week ending Saturday, April 24th, 5,598 births and 3,456 deaths were registered in the twenty-eight large English towns, including London, dealt with in the Registrar-General's Weekly Return, which have an estimated population of 9,093,817 persons. The annual rate of mortality, which had been 20.1 and 20.3 per 1,000 in the two preceding weeks, declined during the week under notice to 19.8. The rates in the several towns, ranged in order from the lowest, were as lollow :-Hull, 12.3; Leicester, 13.8; Bristol, 14.6; Blrkenhead, 15.3; Brighton, 16.6; Sunderland, 16.8; Salfoid, 17.0; Cardiff, 18.1 ; Derby, 18.2; London, 18.4; Halifax, 18.7; Sheffield, 18.8; Leeds, 19.2; Huddersield, 19.4; Bradford, 19.7; Norwich, 21.0; Liverpool, 21.8; Nottingham, 22.8 ; Wolverhampton, 28.5; Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 28.9; Oldham, 24.0; Birmingham, 24.1; Portsmouth, 28.0; Manchester, 26.3; Bolton, 26.3; Blackburn, 27.8; Plymouth, 30.7 ; and the highest rate during the week, 34.5 in Preston. The death-rate In the twenty-seven provincial towns averaged 21.1 per 1,000, and exceeded by 2.7 the rate recorded in London, which, as before stated, was only 1&4 per 1,000. The 3,456 deaths registered in the twenty-eight towns included 382 which were referred to the peincipal zymotic diieases, against 3G9, 563, and 367 in tme three preceding weeks; of these, 155 resulted from whooping-cough, 114 from measles, 33 from diarrhceal diseases, 30 fromii diphtheria, 26 from scarlet fever, 23 from 11 fever " (principally enteric), and 2 from small-pox. These 882 deaths were equal to an annual rate of 2.2 per 1,000. The symotic death-rate in Londotn was equal to 2.4, while in the twenty-seven provincial towrns it averaged 2.0 per 1,000, and ranged from 0.0 in Halifax, and 0.5 in Leeds and in Hull, to 4.1 in Plymonth and in Preston, 6.0 in Bolton, and 8.4 in Portsmouth. The deaths referred to wrhooping-couh, which had been 110 and 140 in the two preceding weeks, further rose during theweek under notice to 155, and showed the largest proportional fatality ill Bolton, Derby, and Portsmouth. The fatal cases of measles, which in the two preceding weeks had been 121 and 114, were again 114, and caused the highest death-rates in Preston, Blackburn, Bolton, and Portsmouth. The 3: deaths from diarrhoal diseases were below those returned in recent weeks. The fatal caes of diphtheria, whlich had iniereased In the three preceding weeks from 19 to 26, further rose during the week under notice to 30, of which 16 ocenrred in London, 8 in Liverpool, and 2 in each of five othertowuns. The 25 deaths fron scarlet fever showed an increase of 4 upon the nwsmber in the previous week, an( showed the highest proportioTial fatality in Manchester. The fatal cases of fever which had fallen in the three preceding weeks from 80 to 23, were again 23 duer ing the week under notice. Of the 2 deaths referred to small-pox in the twenty eight towns, I occurred in London (exclusive of 4 deaths of London resident! froin this disease registered in the Metropolitan Asylum Hospital ship Atias situated outside Registration London) and 1 in Blackburn. The number o small-pox patients in the Metropolitan lsylum Hospitals, which had Increased h the three preceding weeks from 8 to 16, further rose to 17 on Saturday, Apri 24th; 6 new eases were admitted to these hospitals during the week, against and 6 in the two previous weeks. The death-rate from diseases of the respirm tory o-gua in London during the week under notice wa equal to 4.0 per 1 000 and was considerably below the average. The causes of 74, or 2.1 per cent. o the 3,458 deaths regitered during the week in the twenty-eight towns, were sot certioed, either by registered medical practitioners or by coroners.


The purpose of this article is to describe a best practice: an approach to teaching chemistry that our quantitative research has shown to produce large differences between experimental and control groups in terms of achievement, pro-environmental attitudes, values, and motivation. Our interest in teaching chemistry by focusing on sustainable development arises from the environmental concerns that as the country of this study, Malaysia is facing in many different areas—including rampant logging and pollution. As educators, we are interested in educating future generations so that they can cope with the environmental challenges that not only this nation but also the world as a whole is increasingly facing. The "green chemistry" approach we describe here may be just the answer that other developing nations and emergent economies in closing the gap with industrialized nations. We provide a detailed description of how green chemistry has been implemented in a curriculum for pre-service science teachers and in the curriculum of secondary school chemistry.


This paper is concerned with the study of the convergence and the divergence of formal power series solutions of the following first order singular linear partial differential equation with holomorphic coefficients at the origin: d P(x,D)u(x) = al(x)Dlu(x)+b(x}u(x] = /(*), 1=1 with f ( x ) holomorphic at the origin. Here the equation is said to be singular if a , (0)=0 (y = 1, . . . , < s f ) . In this case, it is known that under the so-called Poincare condition, if {a,(x)}l=l generates a simple ideal, every formal solution is convergent. However if we remove these conditions, we shall see that the formal solution, if it exists, may be divergent. More precisely, we will characterize the rate of divergence of formal solutions via Gevrey order of formal solutions determined by a Newton Polyhedron, a generalization of Newton Polygon which is familiar in the study of ordinary differential equations with an irregular singular point. §


The global production of rapeseed, including canola varieties, ranks second among oilseed crops (United States Department of Agriculture, 2011). The composition of rapeseed has been remarkably altered by plant breeders who have developed new varieties of rapeseed, known as double-zero rapeseed or canola. Canola (canadian oil, low erucic acid) is a type of rapeseed (Brassica napus, Argentinan canola or Brassica campestris/rapa, Polish canola), which were bred to have low levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates, less than 2% and 30 μmol/g, respectively (CCAC, 2009). Canola meal (CM) has a lower nutritive value than soybean meal (SBM) because of the higher nonstarch polysaccharide content of CM and also is limited by the presence of several antinutritive factors, such as tannins, glucosinolates, and phytic acid (NRC, 1994). The glucosinolates are major antinutritional factors present in canola meal that limit its inclusion in poultry diets. Glucosinolates are a large group of sulfur-containing secondary plant metabolites which are common to CM and other Brassica. In broiler chickens, feeding a high level of dietary glucosiThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of copper (Cu) sulfate (0, 125 and 250 mg/kg), arginine (Arg) supplements (0, 0.1 and 0.2%) and glucosinolate content on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens fed with canola meal based diet. During a three-week experimental period (22-42 d), 405 male broilers were used in completely randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial experiment. Average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly affected (P<0.05) by 250 mg/kg copper treatment. Canola meal treatments with Cu (P<0.01) and addition of 0.2% Arg (P<0.05) significantly increased the proportion of breast muscle. Also, the relative thigh weight was significantly affected by 250 mg/kg copper treatment and 0.2% arginine supplementation (P<0.05). The 0.2% Arg supplementation significantly decreased the proportion of abdominal fat (P<0.01), lung weight (P<0.05) and conversely increased the proportion of duodenum (P<0.05) and jejunum (P<0.01). Cecal relative weight was the lowest (P<0.05) in broilers fed diets based on canola meal treated with 250 mg/kg Cu. In conclusion, the results of this study show that treatments of canola meal with copper sulfate could alleviate adverse effects of glucosinolate on broilers performance. Moreover, these findings suggest that addition of 0.2% Arg able to change energy partitioning toward protein deposition and reduced abdominal fat pads.


Relationships between southern Africa rainfall, the El Nine-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were investigated. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) on rainfall amounts established coherent regions. Results of correlation analysis between rainfall and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and regional SST anomalies indicated strong influences of ENSO and the Tropical Indian Ocean and moderate influences of the Southwest Indian Ocean. The ENSO influence was consistently, moderately negative in equatorial Southern Africa during October-January, strongly positive in the Tropical/Subtropical areas during February-April and highest for light and moderate events in the south and for intense events in the north. SSTs in the Tropical Indian Ocean influence light and moderate events, while SSTs close to the region influence heavy events. Sliding correlations indicated changing rainfall-SOT/SST relationships in the mid-1950s which improved the associations, and since the early-1970s which deteriorated or reversed the relationships.


This work concerns the solution of generalized Riemann prob lems. To this end, we consider the ADER scheme of Titarev & Toro (2002), which relies on a generalization of the classical Godunov scheme. Another solution method is the power series expansion of LeFloch & Raviart (19 88). We analyze the two resulting approximation schemes, where we show that for scalar 1d problems the Toro-T itarev solver and the LeFloch-Raviart expansion yield the same Taylor series expansions in time. The full ana lysis for the Burgers equation is finally provided.


Abstract Background: Cerebral small vessel disease is relevant to hypertension. We tried to figure out whether antihypertensive treatment is beneficial for this disease. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane electronic databases for randomized controlled trials about white matter hyperintensities (WMH), brain atrophy, microbleeds, and lacunar infarcts with antihypertensive treatment and performed a meta-analysis. Results: We identified 7 trials on white matter hyperintensities and brain atrophy with antihypertensive treatment. Pooled analysis showed antihypertensive treatment performed positively in the progression of WMH (standardized mean difference, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.36 to −0.07, I^2 = 52%). And in the subgroup meta-analysis, only lower SBP controlled level (110–129 mm Hg) had effect on the progression of WMH (standardized mean difference, −0.37; 95% CI, −0.54 to −0.29, I^2 =0). The meta-regression showed larger difference of SBP in treatment groups having a smaller WMH progression. Antihypertensive treatment is not significant in the progression of brain atrophy (standardized mean difference, −0.02; 95% CI, −0.26 to 0.30, I^2 = 85%). Only 1 trial reported the new patients of lacunar infarcts in the follow-up, no association with antihypertensive treatment (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 0.4–12.1; P = .36). Conclusions: Antihypertensive treatment is beneficial for cerebral small vessel disease on white matter hyperintensities progression, but no impact on brain atrophy. And lower SBP level is more effective on the progression of WMH. There is not enough evidence to prove the relationship between antihypertensive treatment and lacunar stroke, microbleeds.


This paper makes a case for exploring the feasibility of utilizing the advanced graphics and sound systems of contemporary gaming engines to promote architecturally relevant work. Gaming engines, while developed largely for the PC entertainment industry, have vast potential for application in architecture. This paper will explore the depth of this potential and will outline work demonstrating the advantages and the limitations of this technology. The supporting research and observations examine the technology and reveal its potential usefulness as an instructional or depictive authoring tool. Game engines were selected that had appropriate graphical prowess, but were customizable as to allow the removal of game-specific features (to create a "professional" user interface). Projects were authored that expressed complex building details using the engine for visual depiction. The details, which included constructional components, structural assemblies, or simple design nuances, were modeled with 3D geometry and realistically textured and lighted. The game engine allowed one user or many remote simultaneous users in the virtual environment to interactively explore the presentation in real time. Scripts were developed to encourage end-users to interactively disassemble or reassemble building components as desired. Audile and/or text-based information regarding the assembly sequence were provided by exploiting the game interface features. Furthermore, interactive object scaling was provided to facilitate analysis of component relationships.


The main provisions and problems of Russia's energy strategy in the period up to 2020 are presented. Forecasts of the development of the nation's fuel-energy complex and the energy balance for two alternatives of the development of its economy are presented.


In this paper, we study the kinetics of potassium adsorption on SrTiO3(100) surface at room temperature. The study took place in UHV using AES, EELS, LEED, TPD, and WF measurements. Potassium grows in two-dimensional islands with maximum coverage of 3.9 × 1014 at/cm2. During adsorption charge transfer from the K-4s to Ti-3d energy level has been observed. No K–O compound has been measured. After heating at 1050 K most of the adsorbed potassium desorbs and the SrTiO3(100) (1 × 1) LEED pattern reappears. There is not any indication of potassium intercalation into the substrate, either at room or at elevated temperature.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe payment system by means of electronic money transfer through an interbank network. SOLUTION: The safe payment system is to execute payment by transferring electronic money, especially, an electronic check accompanying an electronic non-visible sign (blind sign) through the interbank network, and it is provided with a bank settlement unit (A). The system is provided with a verification unit (B) linked to the settlement unit (A). It is planned so that the verification unit (B) verifies the authenticity of the electronic check and verifies the non- usability of the electronic check which had been used. The system is applied to an electronic purse.


The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is crucial for the regulation of mood and reward pathways in the brain. Activation of this receptor with endogenous ligand dynorphin or KOR agonists can lead to dysp...


An extension of the Littlewood Restriction Rule is given that covers all pertinent parameters and simplifies to the original under Littlewood's hypotheses. Two formulas are derived for the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of any unitary highest weight representation occurring in a dual pair setting, one in terms of the dual pair index and the other in terms of the highest weight. For a fixed dual pair setting, all the irreducible highest weight representations which occur have the same Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. We define a class of unitary highest weight representations and show that each of these representations, L, has a Hilbert series HL(q) of the form:


In order to stay competitive, companies develop a set of core competencies, many of which are based on technological know-how. This technological know-how, along with the efforts of R&D-projects, is displayed in those companies' patent portfolios. Large companies often have a large patent portfolio, comprising various technologies. In order to understand a company's position within a technology, it seems helpful to structure its core competencies. For a similar purpose, several authors developed a method based on semantic anchor points. While this method works well for smaller companies with a limited number of patents in one field, the question arises, whether and how this method can be applied to a major manufacturer with a comparatively large number of patents. In this paper, General Motors and their patents in the technology field of gearings are used to test the method. We have to divide the data set of General Motors due to their special patenting strategy. Using the cluster-specific semantic anchor points, specific technological know-how of General Motors is identified, and the competencies are analyzed in the course of time. For instance, three clusters of competencies could be identified. Two clusters describe the core competence of General Motors - the application of planetary gear sets. One cluster comprises a basic set of diverse competencies, which we call the follower-cluster.


Automatic speech recognition systems generally produce un-punctuated text which is difficult to read for humans and degrades the performance of many downstream machine processing tasks. This paper introduces a bidirectional recurrent neural network model with attention mechanism for punctuation restoration in unsegmented text. The model can utilize long contexts in both directions and direct attention where necessary enabling it to outperform previous state-of-the-art on English (IWSLT2011) and Estonian datasets by a large margin


In this paper the authors identify and investigate the key factors which influence intentions to purchase passenger cars among consumers in Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed to check the significance of these key variables identified from previous studies, especially those conducted
in the context of automobile purchasing in Asian countries. Faculty members from universities of two major cities in Pakistan were selected at random as respondents for this study.The findings of the study will be useful to both managers in the auto industry as well as policy makers.It will help managers in the auto industry to gain a better understanding of consumer intentions and identify the factors which influence them.Policy makers in Pakistan's auto sector would benefit from the insights of this study when developing the long overdue Auto Policy.Analysis of the data collected has revealed that the three key factors identified from studies in other Asian countries are also relevant for Pakistani auto consumers.


Land registration is an activity that aims to provide information to the public to know physical and juridical data on the status of land owned. The first registered land registration is sporadic land registration based on Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration which is an effort to protect the legal rights to land to guarantee and provide legal certainty to landowners. The results showed that, Legal Protection in the Sale and Purchase of Rights to Land controlled sporadically can be done through the Process of Land Registration Activities with the aim to obtain proof of ownership for land rights holders in the form of certificates, with the existence of land certificates will provide legal certainty and legal protection to land rights holders, and Consideration of Judges In Deciding Disputes In Court Against The Register Number of Cases No. 12 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PN-JTH refers to the decision of the District Court Jantho who already has a permanent legal force. However, in all legal considerations and decisions of the Panel of Judges is not clearly and expressly implied about the principles, principles and theories of agrarian law / land. However, it focuses more on the principle of proof of civil ownership of the rights to the disputed land


Trends in internal migration in Czechoslovakia are analyzed over the past 50 years. In the earlier years, the general trend involved migration flows from rural areas toward the urban centers. Recent analysis reveals an increasing volume of migration between urban centers and a growth of smaller towns, particularly those with a population between 10 and 20 thousand.


The purpose of this article is the identification and
prioritisation of stakeholder groups of small and medium-sized
enterprises in the Czech Republic. The prioritisation of
stakeholder groups was performed on the basis of the
professional judgement of respondents and the Stakeholder
Circle Methodology for ensuring objective prioritisation
without personal influence of respondent. According to results
of the author's research it is clear that priorities assigned
to stakeholder groups based on the professional judgement
differs from priorities assigned based on the Stakeholder Index
in the Stakeholder Circle Methodology. Author analysed if there
is any statistically significant relationship between the
Stakeholder Index and priority in the Stakeholder Circle
Methodology. This hypothesis was confirmed at the 99%
confidence level.


The aim of this paper is to point at some risks with certain applications of future studies and also to give a brief presentation of the backcasting approach that in some situations may be more fruitful. We will also try to clarify the relationship between some of the different approaches, especially between forecasting, backcasting and mathematical modelling. There are a number of different approaches for analysing what will, could, or hopefully should happen in the future (e.g. scenario technique, forecasting, backcasting, Delphi-studies, modelling). One approach does not necessarily have to be opposed to another, but there are differences between them. Evidently, they have different roles and cannot do the same job. We begin by looking at three common approaches in future studies, all of them taking historical data as a starting point. Some risks and problems with these approaches are discussed. In the succeeding section, we argue that backcasting can be a relevant alternative or complementary approach when development seems to take an unwanted path, and when no solutions to the identified problems can be found with the help of other approaches. Backcasting, and its relation to other approaches in future studies, are presented in some detail, in the section preceding the concluding discussion. For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E205613. (A)


Provided an apparatus for receiving electric field intensity estimated by using a transmitter antenna for antenna orientation among gains in the individual directions of the pattern, indicating a gain in the transmitting direction of the receiver from the transmitter side, the estimating received by the receiver when the received electric field strength of a signal transmitted from the transmitter to, thereby outputting the estimated received electric field intensity. The received electric field intensity estimating device comprising: an averaging unit (17) for the angle of the arrival wave angle of the direction of the gains in the individual directions of the antenna's directive pattern in the direction to the center indicates to the receiver the signal from the transmitter averaging in the range. Further comprising a received electric field intensity calculation unit (16) for the gain in various directions by the antenna's averaged directive pattern by using at least the gain in the sending direction, received electric field intensity is calculated to output the calculation result as the estimated receiving electric field strength.


ABSTRACT This essay explores the mysterious deer associated with the beloved in Rerum vulgarium fragmenta (Rvf) 190 and examines its significance in connection with the visio beatifica of the lady in Rvf 191–193. The deer in sonnet 190 recalls the traditional imagery found in bestiaries and in the patristic tradition, where the animal allegorises the good Christian and Christ himself in their fight against evil. The statement 'Nessun mi tocchi' (Rvf, 190, 9) on the deer's neck, in turn, echoes the words that Jesus says to the former sinner Mary Magdalene after his resurrection. These elements portray the lover as a penitent sinner, and the beloved embodied by the deer as a Christic presence, introducing the beatific vision in Rvf 191–193. The association of the lady with Christ, however, will prove to be a symptom of idolatry, in contrast with the moral conduct that the subject pursues in Rvf 264.


This article focus on the introduction of three machines - the street car, the automobile and the airplane -, as well as the practical and symbolic roles they came to have and the cultural transformations they brought about. The street car meant technological advance, the coming of automobiles expressed the incipient globalization in the beginning of the twentieth century and the arrival of airplanes implied the imaginary reconstruction of the past.


This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of dietary calcium levels and supplementation with organic trace minerals selenium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese on performance, tissue deposition and litter mineral concentration. A total of 2,496 one-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to a 3 × 4 factorial experimental design with three levels of dietary Ca [8, 10 and 12 g kg–1, while maintaining the same Ca:nPP (non-phytate phosphorus) ratio (2:1)] and four levels of micromineral supplementation (0.62, 0.72, 0.82 and 0.92 g kg–1). There was a total of 12 treatments, with eight replicates of 26 birds per pen. Micromineral supplementation (MS) was achieved by adding different levels of the product Bioplex TR Se® and Ca supplementation was achieved by adding increasing levels of limestone and dicalcium phosphate. An interaction between Ca and MS levels was observed (p 0.05) for Ca, P or ash concentrations in the tibia, which were influenced only by dietary Ca levels (p < 0.05). The Ca level of 10 g kg–1 promoted higher Ca and P concentration in the tibia and lower micromineral excretion in the litter. The combination of MS level of 0.82 g kg–1 with Ca level of 10 g kg–1 led to the best BWG response. The supplementation conditions that led to higher micromineral levels in the liver and breast varied for each mineral.


To maintain the high quality of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS‐fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) currently available in the United States and yet accommodate the increasing demand for EUS, the availability of and resources for EUS training must continue to increase. There are currently 28 formal EUS training centers in the US and one in Canada, which produce a total of approximately 30–35 expert endosonographers per year. In addition, there are an increasing number of endosonographers being trained through informal or non‐traditional methods. Training in EUS includes three aspects: cognitive (e.g. indications), pattern recognition (normal and pathologic EUS images), and manual dexterity (scope insertion, positioning, FNA). While all these aspects are readily addressed in a formal training setting, it becomes much more challenging in the informal setting. Case observation, but more importantly, hands‐on experience with patients is the rate‐limiting step for accelerated EUS training. Technology advancements (e.g. simulators, tele‐mentoring) may address some of these limitations. Collaborative efforts among different countries may also provide 'win‐win' solutions.


The threat of fine particulate matter concentration (PM2.5) is increasing globally, Tackling this issue requires an accurate understanding of its trends and drivers. The article investigates the PM2.5 characteristics of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2000-2018 based on multiscale geographically weighted regression(MGWR), and the results show that(1)previous studies based on classical MGWR models may be somewhat unstable, while MGWR can reflect the scale of influence of different variables on the dependent variable, and its regression results are more reliable.(2)PM2.5 is very sensitive to carbon emission(CE) factors, and there is a high degree of spatial heterogeneity, and the influence scale of location is the smallest among all variables, close to the municipal scale.(3)In 2000, the constant term all, IS, OFT, CE, and LT positively affect PM2.5, while GDP (jurisdiction) and UR negatively affect PM2.5; in 2010, the constant term all, GDP (jurisdiction), IS, OFT and LT positively affect PM2.5, while UR and CE negatively affect PM2.5; in 2018 the constant term all, IS, OFT and CE factors positively affect PM2.5, and GDP (jurisdiction), UR and LT negatively affect PM2.5.


The agricultural sector is a sector that plays an important role in the national economy. Indonesia has determined several potential superior commodities based on economic value and high market demand. Several horticultural commodities that have been designated as leading commodities by Indonesia are various chilies, shallots and oranges. This study intends to conduct a study on the projection (forecasting) of cayenne pepper prices on the island of Sumatra and Java island using a time-series analysis approach. Time-series data has advantages in terms of analysis and projection so that researchers can provide an overview of the price behavior of cayenne pepper in the market. The method used in analyzing projections is using Trend Analysis (Linear), Moving Average, and Polynomial methods. The final results from the Trend Analysis (Linear), Moving Average, and Polynomial methods, which have superior results if you look at the results of R Squared, are Java. Descriptive analysis results seen from the average (mean), standard deviation, drinking value and maximum, which is superior is the island of Sumatra.


One of the possible approaches to achieve more than Moore's law with signal process‐ ing circuits is to inspire from functioning of human brain to mimic neural functions by exploring emerging technologies such as memristor circuits. While fast Fourier transform (FFT) implementations are largely based on CMOS gates, they are limited by the com‐ putation speed and availability limits on the number of Boolean variables it can handle at a given time. Biological neurons and networks on the other hand are generalized in nature and can handle both analogue and digital signals. Through this chapter, memris‐ tor‐based resistive threshold logic family of gates that inspire from brain‐like large vari‐ able logic functions is introduced. This logic consists of a memristors acting as weights to the inputs followed by threshold operations emulating neuronal synapse. Using this Boolean logic, a processing unit that can compute Fourier transform of a given set of inputs was developed. Various comparisons of the circuit are found to be advantageous in implementing neuromorphic circuits. The existing logic families were carried out and the proposed logic family was found too advantageous in many ways.


Prefix function view of states and events by A. Mazurkiewicz Elements of an automata theory over partial orders by W. Thomas Algebraic manipulations and vector languages by M. W. Shields Refinement with global equivalence proofs in temporal logic by S. Katz A complete axiomatization of a first-order temporal logic over trace systems by W. Penczek and M. Srebmy Interleaved progress, concurrent progress, and local progress by W. Reisig Teams can see pomsets by G. Plotkin and V. Pratt Presheaves as transition systems by G. Winskel and M. Nielsen On topological hierarchies of temporal properties by C. Baier and M. Kwiatkowska Linear time temporal logics over Mazurkiewicz traces by M. Mukund and P. S. Thiagarajan A solution of an interleaving decision problem by a partial order technique by A. R. Meyer and A. Rabinovich Stubborn set methods for process algebras by A. Valmari Partial order reduction: Linear and branching temporal logics and process algebras by D. Peled History dependent verification for partial order systems by U. Montanari and M. Pistore Transition systems with independence and multi-arcs by T. T. Hildebrandt and V. Sassone On the costs and benefits of using partial-order methods for the verification of concurrent systems by P. Godefroid Partial order verification with PEP by E. Best Rapide: A language and toolset for simulation of distributed systems by partial orderings of events by D. C. Luckham.


Atomic diffusion bonding (ADB) of wafers at room temperature in air was studied using Ag films. Using an ultra-high vacuum magnetron sputtering system, Ag (20 nm) films with Ti (5 nm) underlayers were deposited. The propagation speed of crystal lattice rearrangement in the bonding process decreased with an increased exposure time of film surfaces to air (t exp). Propagation did not occur at t exp of 500 s. The cohesion of Ag film surfaces by film surface exposure to air and reduction of the Ag film surface energy by Ag oxide or sulfide formation probably cause ADB performance degradation.


AMD's 3DNow! Technology provides substantial speedup for Digital Signal Processing applications. A set of DSP routines is vectorized with the 3DNow! TM technology. The simplicity of the vector unit makes it easier to convert the conventional DSP programs into vector operations, thus reduces the learning curve. The performance gain from typical DSP routines such as FIR, IIR and FFT indicates that the speedup can r each up to 1.5 comparing to the conventional host-based signal processing units. 3D games and multimedia applications benefit from the technology. The vectorization can be integrated into compilers for the ease of use in increasing the performance of the signal processing applications.


In universal personal telecommunication (UPT) environments, UPT networks retain information related to incall/outcall registration in UPT user service profiles in order to provide incoming UPT calls for UPT users in any location who have registered at a terminal. As UPT networks support incall registration, terminal users can be different from terminal owners, and several UPT users can register for incoming calls on a single terminal. Therefore, appropriate third-party protection procedures are needed to protect the rights of terminal owners. A terminal profile database can be used to store information regarding terminal states and incall UPT users registered on a terminal in order to enable third-party protection procedures. In order to manage information within both the terminal profile and the service profile, we propose a request-based scheme for incall registration/deregistration of UPT users and incall registration resets of terminal owners. We evaluate the performance of the scheme in terms of; 1) total cost and, 2) the number of terminal profile accesses per unit time for a terminal. key words: universal personal telecommunications (UPT), ser-


The modified projective synchronization problem is concerned in a non-autonomous oscillating circuit with random parameter. At first, the oscillating circuit is transformed into its equivalent deterministic nonlinear one by the Chebyshev polynomial approximation. Suitable controllers and adaptive laws of parameters are given to make the two systems achieve synchronization. Numerical results show the effectiveness of this method.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of combined treatment of traditional Chinese and western medicine on ischemic and anoxic encephalopathy in newborn. Methods 41 newborns with ischemic and anoxic encephalopathy were randomly divided into two groups. 21 patients in control group were treated by routine treatment;based on the treatment in control group,20 patients in treatment group were treated with compound salvia miltiorrhiza injection (iv),1-2 times a day, with a treatment course of 5-7 days for both groups. Results The total effective rate was 95.0 % in treatment group and 66.7% in control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion Combined treatment of traditional Chinese and western medicine is effective in treating ischemic and anoxic encephalopathy in newborn .


We describe a method for the bichromatic determination of total bilirubin with a CentrifiChem 400 centrifugal analyzerwith the Boehringer DPO kft.Afterreading the blank at 620 nm, we read the test at 550 nm. Because only one rotor is required,the analyticaltime for bilirubin estimations is halved. The proposed method is no more proneto interference by hemoglobin or turbidity than a conventional approach or a reference continuous-flow method and has performed well over several months of routine use. Additional Keyphrase: centrifugal analyzer A serum blank must be measured in bilirubin estimations because of the possible presence of interfering substances such as hemoglobin or carotene. Blank measurements are usually


The pressure losses for three kinds of fur surfaces (those of ribbon, spotted and harp seals) were measured in a rectangular water channel flow using the water and a glycerol-water mixture. The data were compared with those of smooth and riblet surfaces. The drag reduction could be obtained for all kinds of seal fur surfaces the maximum reductions were estimated to be about 12% on ribbon seal, 8.5% on spotted seal and 3.5% on harp seal for glycerol-water. Compared to the riblet surface, the range of Reynolds number where the drag reduction ratio was almost the maximum was wider for ribbon and spotted seal fur surfaces with hydrophilic property, while it was not for harp seal fur surface with hydrophobic property. It was found that for the ribbon seal, unlike the riblet, a drag increase due to the effect of surface roughness did not appear even at the highest Roynolds number tested. The measurements of seal fur surfaces using a 3D laser microscope revealed that the roughness of three kinds of seal fur surfaces was comprised of various wavelengths.


Service trade is an important force influencing economic development. Using international market share of service export, service trade competitive index and revealed comparative advantage of service trade as the indexes to measure the competitiveness of Chinese service trade respectively, three grey incidence models are built up to conduct an empirical analysis on the main factors affecting the competitiveness of service trade after China entering WTO or during 2002 and 2008. The result indicates that urbanization level has the maximum impact on the competitiveness of service trade, followed in turn by foreign direct investment, GDP in service industry, human capital and commodity trade. Further discussion provides train of thought for the upgrade of the competitiveness of Chinese service trade.


This document is the plan defining the video coverage requirements for the equipment removal event of the Hydrogen Mitigation Test (HMT) mixer pump currently installed in high level nuclear waste storage Tank 241-SY-101. When the mixer pump fails the removal and installation of a spare pump will be a time critical event. Since the success of the HMT mixer pump has resolved the DOE safety issue it is absolutely essential that mixing be restored to the tank in a short as time possible. Therefore, the removal of the failed pump and the installation of the spare pump must be anticipated and planned well in advance. The removal, containment, transporting, and storage of the failed pump is a very complex and hazardous task. The successful completion of this task will require careful planning and monitoring. Certain events, during the removal and subsequent installation of the new pump, will require video observation and storage for safety, documenting, training, and promotional use. Furthermore, certain events will require close monitoring and observation by the event directors and key supervisory personnel for the execution of specific tasks during the equipment removal event.


X-ray powder diffraction data, unit-cell parameters, and space group for N,N-dimethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine, C9H11N3, are reported [a = 11.379(3) Å, b = 10.227(5) Å, c = 7.151(1) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°, unit-cell volume V = 832.318 Å3, Z = 4, ρcal = 1.286 g cm−3, and space group P21212]. All measured lines were indexed and were consistent with the P21212 space group. No detectable impurities were observed.


A heterogeneous bimetallic system (HBS), composed of two metallic thin films with inherently different Fermi levels, is potentially usable for the fine tuning of interfacial charge dynamics. Here, we propose...


A quantum computer is a device for computation that makes direct use of distinctively quantum mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. In a classical (or conventional) computer, the amount of data is measured by bits, in a quantum computer; it is measured by quantum of bits (qubits). This work describes, and implements the universal quantum logic gates, the terminology is introduced with two well known quantum gates, the quantum NOT, and the quantum XOR gates. The NOT and XOR gates have already been described in classical reversible logic. This work gives the implementation of the quantum circuits, such as the Quantum Half-Adder Circuits, which consists of quantum control control not gate (CCNot) and quantum control not gate (CNot). Also, it describes and implements the Quantum Full-Adder Circuits, which consists of two Quantum Half-Adder Circuits and one control not gate (CNot). Depending on the quantum circuits, one can implement the quantum basic arithmetic operations such as (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). After each implementation, the computational complexity of each step is calculated.


The paper proposes the future development of electronic voting in the Russian Federation, shows its advantages and disadvantages, and possible improvements. International e-voting experience, and pilot e-voting projects in the Russian regions are covered. Two e-voting legal frameworks have been identified.


A new kind transmission line (TL) is presented. This TL is consisted in a hollow transverse rectangular metal cylinder loaded with a dielectric layer which partly covered with short circuit metal patch and a strip paralleled with it. The propagation characteristic is numerically analyzed. Both propagation constant curves and the numerical distribution of Ey and H2 are obtained for dominating mode and first and second high order modes through a simple 2D-FDTD scheme.


In the present paper, the effect of double diffusion natural convection fluid flow inside the double wavy enclosure using the mesh-free method is investigated. The enclosure is filled with nanofluid whose base fluid is non-Newtonian. The results are obtained for the variation in Brownian motion parameter ( 0.2 – 0.8), buoyancy ratio parameter ( 0.2 – 1), power-law index ( 0.2 – 1), thermophoresis parameter ( 0.2 – 0.8), Rayleigh number ( 10 3 – 10 5), and Lewis number ( 1 – 5) on mass and heat transfer. It is explored that the mass and heat transfer rate increases with increase in the Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio. Heat transfer rate decreases with increase in the thermophoresis parameter, Lewis number, Brownian motion, and power-law index, whereas mass transfer rate increases. Such type of enclosure has direct application in heat exchanger devices, the double-wall thermal insulation system, and microelectronic devices. Parallel implementation with the hybrid [EFGM (element free Galerkin method)/FEM (finite element method)] method has been used for the reduction of the running cost to ensure efficiency, which is the novel contribution of the author.


type="main" xml:lang="en"> This paper aims at assessing the performance of intra-COMESA trade integration on the basis of success of ASEAN integration, using an out-of-sample approach. The analysis employed a gravity approach to estimate the coefficients of the ASEAN model which are used as a benchmark to project the potential trade for eight COMESA members. The success of COMESA is estimated by the ratio of potential to actual trade. The results pointed out that all countries of the selected sample are far from their potential trade level, implying unfavorable performance of the regional trade integration among COMESA members. The results also indicate that the gap between potential and actual trade has decreased in the last decade, suggesting a convergence toward the potential trade level over time. Finally, the paper ends with some policy recommendations regarding promoting regional cooperation among COMESA members.


COLORFUL book jackets have universal appeal, and their advertising value is recognized by publishers and book-sellers everywhere. The jackets or paper covers in which new books appear are usually more attractive than the bindings, and they frequently "sell" the books. The covers are designed more for the latter purpose than for protection. The sales appeal of book jackets should be recognized and taken advantage of by librarians and others interested in getting the right books to children. The jackets are invaluable in children's reading rooms, where they may be used in many ways to stimulate reading interests. Because a book is often more alluring when it is incased in the jacket, there is a temptation to leave the jacket on, both as bait for readers and as a protection for the book, but the cover would prove too short-lived to function in either way for many days. In libraries where books are labeled, it is necessary to remove the paper covers. Whether necessary or not, all jackets should be removed when they are fresh and should be preserved in order that their service may be increased. Methods of using the book jackets will vary with the individual librarian or teacher and with the available


This article presents the design of a fuzzy controller to stability analysis base on the convergence of the linguistic trajectory in the state of space, for an inverted car-pendulum system, the fuzzy controller is of the Mamdani type and, it consists of 25 rules, 3 input variables and each one is composed of five memberships functions. The inverted car-pendulum system is represented by a non-linear model, which is obtained from a linearized equivalent model under the consideration of small oscillations. Results are validated against a PID control base on the trajectory on the phase plane to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the fuzzy controller. The dynamic behavior of the system of both controllers is obtained with a unit impulse input, the simulation of the control system is developed on the MATLAB / SIMULINK software using the FUZZY LOGIC TOOLBOX, which allows to perform test and simulations, and also it shows results of graphic form.


Using concurrent solid-phase radioimmunoassay, it has been shown that rat immunoglobulin k chain, Igk-lb allotype, is represented by a single serologically defined determinant. Anti-Igk-lb T cells do not recognize this determinant and poly- and monoclonal anti-Igk-lb antibodies show no influence on Igk-lb-specific proliferative T-cell response in vitro to IgG (Igk-lb)-pulsed splenic antigen-presenting cells. It is suggested that T cells recognize allotypic determinant(s) of processed Ig (Igk-lb) molecule.


S OON AFTEll J accepted a position teaching instrumental music in the elementary schools of Wichita, Kansas, I became aware of the need for a written course of study for instrumental music. Simply stated the problem was: what learning experiences did students encounter the second and third years of instrumental work that they had not met the first year, and how could these be made more effective for musical growth. When I discussed the prohiem with Arthur G. Harrell, Director of Music Education, I learned that he also was interested and had been for some time. With his encouragement and .clerical assistance from his office I began an investigation of existing courses.


This paper investigates the impact of wind power on small signal stability of power system using parameters like; wind power penetration level and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) voltage controller gain. The impact of wind penetration has been analysed by replacing conventional synchronous generator with DFIG based wind turbines. For this purpose, standard IEEE 14 Bus system has been selected. Time tested modal analysis has been used to compute the oscillatory modes that occur due to small disturbances. Further, the identification of low frequency oscillations has been done using prony analysis.  Prony analysis has been performed in time as well as in frequency domain, and used for extracting hidden frequency information from the waveform of the signal.


The oxidized starch is a kind of modified starch with special use.At present,the methods of oxidized starch are mostly wet preparation,but the reports on dry preparation are relatively less.Compared with wet preparation,the dry method is superior with short flow,low consume,simple equipments and no pollution on our environment,et al.In this paper,the preparation of dry method is generally presented,and simultaneously,the mechanism,character and application of oxidization are discussed,then the future development of oxidized starch is given.


The PSInSAR technique, invented by Ferretti et. al. [1], [2], [3] ten years ago, meanwhile has proven its capability for very precise measurement of surface deformations. To achieve this, the influence of the atmospheric phase screen (APS) has to be removed. We investigated the APS for two series of TerraSAR-X high resolution spotlight data of a scene in Bavaria. In order to account for stratified troposphere and turbulence we augmented the APS estimation of StaMPS (Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers) [4], that is we consider the APS as composed of a phase ramp, a part stratified with height and a turbulent component. The turbulent component is estimated via kriging. The necessary variograms can be computed under the assumption of isotropy as well as allowing for anisotropy. For short distances the variograms show a regime which is not visible for lower resolutions. In this paper we discuss the choice of appropriate variogram models with respect to our data.


LISA is a circularly polarized, planar array antenna providing an inter-satellite link between an LEO and GEO satellite. Within this paper the basic design concept of the antenna, results of a two element breadboard model and performance tests of the full 16 element antenna are presented. The radiation patterns predicted with an electrical field simulation program are in close agreement with co- and cross-polar radiation pattern measured in a compensated compact antenna test range. (6 pages)


This paper presents a systematic methodology to design a diode-based RF predistortion linearizer that can be used to linearize power amplifiers with dual inflection points in their distortion characteristics. The proposed structure contains anti parallel configuration of Schottky diodes, complemented with a PIN diode in parallel, connected to through and coupled ports of a 90° hybrid coupler using λ/4 transmission lines. The use of a PIN diode in the linearizer provides it with an extra level of freedom in achieving the desired level of amplitude and inflection depth in the AM/AM characteristic. A systematic design procedure using this configuration is proposed and applied to linearize a commercial power amplifier. Two tone test experimental results show that the IM3 cancellation of 10 dB in 1 MHz separation between tones at 2.14 GHz can be achieved.


The article is devoted to the psychiatrists' activities in overcoming children's homelessness in the 1920s in Moscow. The social roots of homelessness as a source of juvenile offences in the capital are shown. Anti-children's homelessness measures implemented by government and health care system are presented. The problem acuteness of mental disorders in homelessness and young offenders was revealed, the importance of their medical and pedagogical correction for further successful socialization was grounded. We have analyzed the actions of Moscow psychiatrists, employees of National Institute of Protection of Children and Adolescents of People's Commissariat of Public Health named after 10th anniversary of the October Revolution (N.I. Ozeretsky, M.O. Gurevich, E.P. Radin, etc.) on research of causes and correction of mental disorders in homeless children, humanization of correctional facilities for young offenders, and the organization of the Russian psychiatric service for children. The research of these scientists has played crucial role in the development of social pediatrics. The conclusion about the significant contribution of psychiatrists to overcoming children's homelessness in Moscow was made.


To identify and adequately manage cases of growth restriction and preterm delivery in a timely manner should be considered a public health priority, especially in developing countries. Fetal growth differs not only between individuals but also between populations. The purpose of this prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was to construct new reference charts and equations for fetal femur length in relation to menstrual age, in North Indian women with normal singleton pregnancies. 1081 pregnant women were scanned using real-time transabdominal ultrasonogram, 947 women fitted the inclusion criteria. Mean ± sd was computed and compared with available data of other population using t-test. Regression equation was calculated and the predicted femur length was compared with available data of other studies. The results suggest that fetal growth with respect to femur length may not be adequately assessed by using reference charts obtained from other populations. We have created new reference ranges for fetal femur length in North Indian population.


Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success when characterizing remote sensing (RS) images. However, the lack of sufficient annotated data (together with the high complexity of the RS image domain) often makes supervised and transfer learning schemes limited from an operational perspective. Despite the fact that unsupervised methods can potentially relieve these limitations, they are frequently unable to effectively exploit relevant prior knowledge about the RS domain, which may eventually constrain their final performance. In order to address these challenges, this article presents a new unsupervised deep metric learning model, called spatially augmented momentum contrast (SauMoCo), which has been specially designed to characterize unlabeled RS scenes. Based on the first law of geography, the proposed approach defines spatial augmentation criteria to uncover semantic relationships among land cover tiles. Then, a queue of deep embeddings is constructed to enhance the semantic variety of RS tiles within the considered contrastive learning process, where an auxiliary CNN model serves as an updating mechanism. Our experimental comparison, including different state-of-the-art techniques and benchmark RS image archives, reveals that the proposed approach obtains remarkable performance gains when characterizing unlabeled scenes since it is able to substantially enhance the discrimination ability among complex land cover categories. The source codes of this article will be made available to the RS community for reproducible research.


An eco-friendly approach for improvement of antibacterial properties of polylactic acid (PLA) nonwoven fabrics was obtained by in situ reduction of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-induced chitosan grafted (DBD-CS-Ag NPs) PLA nonwoven fabrics. The surface morphology, surface element composition and the chemical state of silver of the PLA surfaces after the treatment were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The antibacterial activity of DBD-CS-Ag NPs treated PLA against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was tested. The uniform dispersion of silver nanoparticles on the DBD-CS-Ag NPs treated PLA surface were confirmed by SEM images. The results of XPS and XRD showed that the concentration of silver element on the surface of PLA nonwoven fabrics was significantly improved after DBD-CS-Ag NPs treatment. The DBD-CS-Ag NPs treated PLA nonwoven fabrics also exhibited excellent antibacterial properties.


Road traffic congestion has aroused earnest concern in the public and the academic. Two apparent features of congested traffic networks are stochasticity and time dependency. In fact, different types of travelers have different route choice preferences, regarding to not only timeliness but also expense, which may involve multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a stochastic time-dependent network is presented and timeliness reliability, which means the probability that a trip can be successfully fulfilled within a desirable travel time budget, is focused. Risk-sensitive and cost-sensitive travelers are considered. Risk-sensitive travelers care most about timeliness reliability and cost-sensitive travelers desire least travel expense. A new multi-objective optimal path finding model is proposed in this paper to find optimal paths in stochastic time-dependent transportation networks considering timeliness reliability and travel expense. In order to solve this multi-objective model, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is utilized and its parameters are set by the Taguchi method. A numerical example of road network consisted of main streets in Beijing is demonstrated. Favorite results are obtained to verify that the proposed method is perfectly applied to provide a set of non-dominated paths in order to facilitate different travelers' route choice base on their attitudes toward timeliness reliability and travel expense.


The article centers on the negative impact of traditional hierarchy and rite on Han nationality's clothing idea, which manifests itself in the rigid hierarchical mentality and to-the-sameness clothing tendency psychology.


The Atp12p protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the assembly of the F1 component of the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase. In this report, we show that the F1 α‐subunit co‐precipitates and co‐purifies with a tagged form of Atp12p adsorbed to affinity resins. Moreover, sedimentation analysis indicates that in the presence of the F1 α‐subunit, Atp12p behaves as a particle of higher mass than is observed in the absence of the α‐subunit. Yeast two‐hybrid screens confirm the direct association of Atp12p with the α‐subunit and indicate that the binding site for the assembly factor lies in the nucleotide‐binding domain of the α‐subunit, between Asp133 and Leu322. These studies provide the basis for a model of F1 assembly in which Atp12p is released from the α‐subunit in exchange for a β‐subunit to form the interface that contains the non‐catalytic adenine nucleotide‐binding site.


Publisher Summary
Pandan wangi is a common name of a shrub, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., in the family Pandanaceae. Pandan wangi is the only Pandanus species with fragrant leaves. It is a short shrub of 1.2–1.5 m (4–5 ft) in height and 60–90 cm (24–36 inch) in width with a stout stem and usually branched low down. Their aromatic, linear, pointed leaves, with no toothed edge, are about 80 cm (32 inch) long and 5 cm (2 inch) wide. The plant never flowers, thus the fruits are unknown. Natural distribution is found over Southern India, the Southeast Asia peninsular, Indonesia and Western New Guinea. Nowadays, it is well-known as a characteristic herb of Southeast Asia cuisines, in which its leaves are mainly used as food flavorings. Pandan wangi is mainly grown by farmers of Southeast Asia. Its large distribution as well as the lack of a wild population, especially in Southeast Asia, implies a long tradition of cultivation. A sweet and delightful flavor of pandan wangi, which is well-known throughout the world as an important component in Asian cookery, has made the industrial production of both natural extracts and artificial flavorings containing green food colours for use as food additives in Southeast Asian countries enlarge during the past two decades.


The article analyzes the enrichment and development of the value idea of Marxism with the system of the core value of socialism,which is based on the actualization,practice spirit and contemporary value of the value idea of Marxism.


Recently some new formulations for the inverse scattering problem were developed resulting in the "exact inverse scattering theory," which promises to be a more general background for different other methods. This theory consists essentially of the construction of "effectal fields" inside a closed surface, on which the monochromatic scattered field and its normal derivative are known. Outgoing from the "effectal fields" several methods were proposed to reconstruct the scattered field, its equivalent sources or just to visualize the scattering geometry. Recent discussions on this subject have issued controversy concerning the exactness, uniqueness, and applicability of these methods. Applying them to synthetic examples and practical problems we are able to confirm the results of Devaney et al. with emphasis on the following facts: in two versions, the "exact inverse scattering theory" is incorrect, and, in another one, it does not yield a better solution than generalized holography. Only broad-band excitation or multiple experiments yield further information about the scatterer, but then, approximations concerning the sources and scatterers have to be introduced.


Physicist, mathematician, engineer, inventor and suffragette – Hertha Ayrton was many things at a time when women were expected to simply keep house and raise a family. Anita Chandran explores the life of this remarkable scientist, who died a century ago next year.


The article provides a statistical analysis of students' intentions regarding the choice of work after graduation. The data of a survey of students on the assessment of the importance of various motives for choosing targets are used. The main goal was to find the structure of the set of intentions, which is expressed in the form of a graph of direct connections. The interrelationships between assessments of intentions define the typology of students according to their target orientation. Due to the integrity of the intent measurement scale, two ways of evaluating relationships could be used: standard correlation and information-theoretic. As calculations have shown, both methods give similar results. For the analysis, those direct connections that were identified by both methods were used. This confirms to a certain extent the possibility of using Shannon information to find direct connections by the method of partial correlations in the case of nominal scales. The found graph of direct connections revealed the typology of students' intentions and thus allows us to talk about the students themselves.


Results of low temperature dielectric measurements on the mixed (Pb 1−x Ca x )TiO 3 system are presented to show that the strong dielectric anomaly observed for compositions with x < 0.60 is replaced by a very weak dielectric anomaly for x ≥ 0.60. The temperature dependence of the unit cell parameters, as obtained by Rietveld analysis of the neutron powder diffraction data, shows change of slope at the dielectric anomaly temperature. The observed dielectric peak for x ≥ 0.60 is shown to be due to a thermodynamic phase transition and not due to a relaxor or dipole glass type transition. Absence of hysteresis loop below the transition temperature reveals that this new phase transition is of non-ferroelectric type. Curie-Weiss fit to the dielectric constant gives negative Curie temperature which points towards an antiferroelectric transition.


A finite element dynamic sliffness matrix for two-dimens ional panel flutter calculations is presented. The results are applied to a simply supported and a clamped panel. To predict flutter boundaries and flutter modes. A comparison with the exact solutions showed that extremely accurate approximations to both flutter boundaries and modes could be obtained with only a few elements.


Due to the fact that more and more electronic devices are widely employed in modern power systems, multiple frequency interharmonics may be stimulated and it will impose serious impact on equipment safety. The interharmonic phasor estimator based on frequency-domain model was proposed to improve the accuracy of the interharmonics estimate. Firstly, the interharmonic model was established with Taylor series, which was adopted to express the characteristic of frequency deviation. Secondly, multiple phasor estimates were provided by the Zero-Padding Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) against different frequency bins. The maximum bin and its adjacent ones were applied to reassign the interharmonic measurement estimated by DFT. The ideal interharmonic signals with/without various harmonic and noise were used to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results allow us to make a conclusion that, compared with the conventional DFT algorithm, the proposed algorithm can eliminate or reduce the measurement error caused by the frequency offset and limit the oscillation of the phasor estimate.


As one of the most promising high-performance fibers, it is worthwhile to investigate the dyeing property of thermotropic liquid crystal polyarylate (TLCP) fibers. In this work, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation-induced grafting using the acrylic acid (AAc) method was employed to improve the cationic dyeability of the TLCP fabrics. The TLCP fabrics were firstly immersed in an AAc monomer solution for 24 h, followed with the UV radiation process for grafting polymerization. The results showed that the dyeing performance to C.I. Basic Red 46 of the modified TLCP fabrics was remarkably improved. Through several characterizations, it was found that the AAc-grafted TLCP fibers became more roughened with many pits on the fiber surface, while the crystalline structure of the TLCP fibers was hardly affected. More importantly, carboxyl groups have been successfully introduced onto the TLCP fiber surface, which is the main reason for the good dye uptake. Therefore, this paper provides a simple and efficient way for the improvement of the cationic dyeing property of TLCP fabrics.


The use of noninvasive cardiovascular imaging to assess patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) has benefitted in many ways from new technologies that allow one to assess both left ventricular function and myocardial perfusion. In radionuclide imaging, the use of ECG gating to evaluate regional thickening has improved specificity of stress single photon emission computed tomography imaging by providing the means to better identify attenuation artifacts and the ability to detect left ventricular dysfunction not because of fibrosis.1,2 In echocardiography, the advent of microbubble contrast agents that are relatively stable and have a rheological profile similar to erythrocytes has allowed the simultaneous assessment of wall motion that is enhanced by left ventricular opacification and myocardial perfusion.3 Although myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) perfusion imaging has not yet been widely adopted, it has shown to be accurate for the diagnosis of significant CAD when combined with exercise, dobutamine, and vasodilator stress and provides additional data to wall motion for evaluating prognosis by identifying patients at high risk for future cardiovascular events.4–7 There are several ways that patient care could be potentially improved by incorporating perfusion imaging with MCE into standard stress echocardiography protocols. MCE perfusion imaging can increase sensitivity for detecting CAD, particularly in those with single-vessel disease, those with moderate severity of stenosis (50%– 70%), and those who may not reach target work load during exercise or inotropic stress.6 MCE could also be particularly helpful in assessing regional ischemia in regions with preexisting resting wall motion abnormalities, a situation where evaluation of contractile reserve (a biphasic response) is challenging.8 MCE can improve diagnostic accuracy for detecting left anterior descending artery ischemia during stress in those with left bundle branch block.9 MCE can also identify abnormal flow reserve that occurs not from obstructive CAD but from functional abnormalities of the coronary microcirculation,10,11 which was a focus of the study by Kutty et al.12 The diagnostic performance of conventional stress echocardiography reveals that false positive studies (positive ischemia by wall motion response but negative coronary angiography [CA] for significant stenosis) are not uncommon and contribute to specificities of around 75%.13 Yet, false positives may also be attributable to microvascular dysfunction, defined as an inducible imbalance in vasoconstrictors and vasodilators that results in tissue ischemia. MCE when combined with quantitative or semiquantitative techniques is able to identify coronary microvascular dysfunction during stress or even at rest in serious diseases that affect the microcirculation such as familial hyperlipidemia or sickle cell disease.10,11,14 In previous publications evaluating the diagnostic performance of MCE, few have used other methods to evaluate the microcirculation to help adjudicate whether false © 2018 American Heart Association, Inc. Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging


A method for analysis of 12 trace semi-volatile organic compounds in groundwater has been established.The 11 organochlorine pesticides are determined by GC-ECD,and B(a)P is determined by HPLC-UV-FLD after sample pre-treatment by liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane.The detection limits for 12 trace semi-volatile organic compounds are in the range of 1.00~1.50 ng/L and the recoveries are 85.3%~106.0% with the precision of 2.52%~6.07%RSD(n=8).The method has the advantages of low detection limits for organochlorine pesticides,high accuracy and precision,simple operation,low cost and was suitable for batch analysis.The method has been applied to the groundwater analysis in China Groundwater Survey Project.


A semiconductor bonding technique that is mediated by graphene quantum dots is proposed and demonstrated. The mechanical stability, electrical conductivity, and optical activity in the bonded interfaces are experimentally verified. First, the bonding scheme can be used for the formation of double heterostructures with a core material of graphene quantum dots. The Si/graphene quantum dots/Si double heterostructures fabricated in this study can constitute a new basis for next-generation nanophotonic devices with high photon and carrier confinements, earth abundance, environmental friendliness, and excellent optical and electrical controllability via silicon clads. Second, the bonding mediated by the graphene quantum dots can be used as an optical-wavelength-converting semiconductor interface, as experimentally demonstrated in this study. The proposed fabrication method simultaneously realizes bond formation and interfacial function generation and, thereby, can lead to efficient device production. Our bonding scheme might improve the performance of optoelectronic devices, for example, by allowing spectral light incidence suitable for each photovoltaic material in multijunction solar cells and by delivering preferred frequencies to the optical transceiver components in photonic integrated circuits.


AIM To observe the pathological reaction in rabbits in the process of establishing rats to rabbits disparate hematopoietic chimera model. METHODS the samples of four recipient rabbits′ organs were gotten, at 50, 80, 100, 150 d after the thymus tissue pieces and bone marrow cells of the Wistar rats being transplanted to male New Zealand rabbits (4~5 months), respectively. HE staining Van Gieson (VG) staining and Congo red staining were performed. SULTS After bone marrow transplantation, though the general condition of the recipients was good and no GVHD signs were found, GVHR had been developing and the pathological changes of recipients at 50 d and 80 d happened more seriously than those at 100 d and 150 d. CONCLUSION Selflimited GVHR was developing in the process of establishing rats to rabbits disparate hematopoietic chimera model.


Planting trees under a piece-rate wage scheme is widely recognized in Canada as a veritable national "rite of passage" for young,White, middle-class university students and travelers. Canadian artists Sarah Ann Johnson, Lorraine Gilbert, and Althea Thauberger have received popular and critical acclaim for their artistic representations of the "tree planting experience" in Canada. In this article, the authors critically examine tree planting art—and its reception—and argue that it constitutes the most recent incarnation of art that links nature and nationalism together in the Canadian context. Following Catriona Sandilands incisive reflections on nature and nationalism in Canada, it is argued that the artists in question, and their various commentators, enshrine tree planting as an obligatory passage point through which White middle-class subjects can access both the "pioneering" moments of the nation and the promised greener tomorrow of Canada's future. The connections made by the artists between nature and the nation are by no means innocent, as the authors aim to suggest, but rather, rely on a liberal-individualist account of labor in which the social dynamics of gender, class, and race are erased.


To the Editor:

Tuunanen et al1 report that in patients with heart failure, an acute reduction in circulating free fatty acids depresses cardiac function. These results are different from findings by …


Eleven months after Hitler's appointment as Reich Chancellor, the editors of the Zionist newspaper Jüdische Rundschau redefined the role of their biweekly publication. In under a year, they transformed the mouthpiece of German Zionism into a spiritual haven for Germany's Jews, now stranded on the edge of society. During its first year, Hitler's regime inaugurated anti-Jewish measures, a series of systematic policies aimed at the segregation and persecution of German Jewry. By the end of 1933, the Jews of Germany were in a "completely new situation," and were in need of "spiritual orientation," as the Jüdische Rundschau noted in December:


So called superior mode of production is an advanced manufacture style which with various ways and means comlines all the factors of "workers, machines, materials, methods and links"and produces necessary number of necessary components in necessary time with necessary labour so as to stop overproduction, dispel ineffective labour, reduce costs, improve the quality and carry out the largest output with the least input.A Few years ago some enterprises in our country practised the superior mode of production out never achieved the desired results. Now we deem it really necessary to go further into the effectiveness of the superior mode of production once again.


We thank Dr. Wetzels for his comments and observations. We agree that FSGS patients at high risk of recurrence should not be placed in steroid avoidance/withdrawal regimens . The cause and effect of bilateral nephrectomy on recurrence of FSGS remains difficult to assess. The study that Dr. Wetzels references was a retrospective analysis and could have been biased by other unaccounted confounding factors (1). The decision for medical or surgical nephrectomy in patients with FSGS should be considered selectively. While this is an important issue, we are doubtful that a controlled trial on pre-transplant nephrectomy is feasible. Flavio Vincenti Kidney Transplant Service, University of California, San Francisco, California USA Gian Marco Ghiggeri Nephrology Section and Laboratory on Pathophysiology of Uremia, Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy


Since the concept of autopoiesis was proposed as a model of minimal living systems by Maturana and Varela, and applied to social systems by Luhmann, there has been only a few mathematically strict models to represent the characteristics of it because of its difficulty for interpretation. In order to explore the validity of this concept, this paper proposes a more general formal description of autopoiesis based on the theory of category. This paper focuses on the distinction of organizations and structures, and then discusses its implications and problems on formalization of autopoiesis.


Study design: Systematic literature review Objective: To present scientific evidence about the type of aerobic exercise (Continuous vs. Intermittent) that results in better effects on reducing body weight. Methodology: Literature review was performed on Pubmed, Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Ebsco Host and Scopus of articles from the year 2000.


In this paper we investigate how misspecification both in the marginals and in the copulas may affect the estimation of the Value at Risk when dealing with multivariate portfolios. We first show that, when there is skewness in the data and symmetric marginals are used, the estimated elliptical (normal or t) copula correlations are negatively biased, reaching values as high as the 70 % of the true values. We also find that the bias almost doubles if negative correlations are considered, compared to positive correlations. As for the t copula degrees of freedom parameter, the use of wrong marginals delivers large positive biases, instead. If the dependence structure is represented by a copula which is not elliptical, e.g. the Clayton copula, the effects of marginals misspecifications on the copula parameter estimation can be rather different, depending on the sign of marginal skewness. We then show that, when small samples are considered and the data are leptokurtic, the misspecifications in the marginal volatility equation are so large to offset the biases in copula parameters when VaR forecasting is of concern. When the sample dimension increases, the biases in the volatility parameters are much smaller, whereas those ones in the copula parameters remain almost unchanged or even increase. In this case, copula misspecifications do play a role for VaR estimation. However, these effects depend heavily on the sign of dependence.


To better understand wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) defense responses to Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,the compatible interaction cDNA library of wheat leaves infected by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici is constructed in our laboratory.A total of 594 genes have been identified and 399 genes have been annotated.On the basis of previous study,a new MBF1 gene was iso-lated from this cDNA library through in silico cloning and RT-PCR approaches.The gene was tentatively designated as TaMBF1a,whose open reading frame was 429 bp in length and encoded 142 amino acids containing a conserved MBF1 transcription activa-tion domain.The amino acid sequence of TaMBF1a shares 92% identify with OsMBF1 in rice and 80% identify with AtMBF1a in Arabidopsis thaliana.The expression of TaMBF1a gene was at a similar level in leaves,stems,and roots.TaMBF1a protein is possibly a nuclear protein in wheat.The expression patterns results revealed that TaMBF1a was up-regulated in both compatible and incompatible interactions.However,the expression in incompatible interaction was higher than that in compatible interaction.The expression of TaMBF1a was also induced by salicylic acid(SA),ethylene,and abscisic acid(ABA),suggesting that the SA and ethylene pathways might be involved in regulating the host defence responses.


Observational medical studies are becoming more prominent due to interest in using data from current medical practice to help guide treatment selection. We start by reviewing why current analysis strategies for observational data tend to produce findings that fail to replicate. We then argue that there is a real need for simple and objective statistical strategies that yield findings more likely to be dependable. Our proposed way forward is to focus on the empirical distribution of local treatment differences, LTDs, which reveal heterogeneity in effect-sizes. The LTD is the difference in mean outcomes for treated and control patients within a cluster of patients relatively well matched on their observed pretreatment characteristics. Because we focus on only one question (comparing two alternative treatment choices for a given disease or condition) and clustering is nonparametric, our proposed approach is more simple and objective than commonly used statistical analysis strategies. By studying graphical displays of information from an LTD distribution, a doctor and patient not only can see a full picture of current treatment outcomes but also can make a truly well-informed, individualized treatment choice.


This essay centers on the question of political action in a technologically mediated abundance of political possibility. It argues that from the election of Trump through the politicizations of Covid, tech-enabled discourses exacerbated an intransigent rhetorics of opposition and division. This atmosphere is and continues to be fueled by mimetic reproductions of capitalist news media strategies acted out by individuals on social media platforms. The liberal/enlightenment tradition of dialectics — opposition, contradiction and negation — emerges as religious struggle of good versus evil. For politics to change, strategies must change. To shake the resentment of our time, we must, as political voices, embrace an ethics of difference and engage in viral expressions of creative action. At issue is not side against side, nor even power against power, but an affirmation of living in an age that demands survival.


This paper aims to present a relationship between different concepts that in appearance do not have a visible link, but if studied in depth, they are related considering a core phenomena: identity. It analyzes identity as the fundamental task in adolescence and it relates this major objective in normal psychological development with fashion and with the impact that female images and stereotypes of models and female bodies presented by the mass media in west societies in general have. At the same time it relates the phenomena of identity with another aspect and trait of contemporary culture: narcissism. It is studied the relationship between an identity that develops narcissistic traits and fashion.


The importance of lignocellulose biotechnology and the many potential applications of lignocellulose enzymes in various industries such as chemicals, fuel, food, brewery and wine, animal-feed, pulp-and-paper, textile and agriculture are well documented (Gavrilescu and Chisti, 2005; Howard et al., 2003; Bhat, 2000; Sun and Cheng, 2002). Phanerochaete chrysosporium, being an efficient degrader of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, the major constituent components of lignocellulose, is suitable for various industrial applications. Also, it is an appropriate organism for studying the interaction of genes and enzymes involved in the complex lignocellulose degradation process. Multiple, non-allelic, cellobiohydrolase (cbh)-like sequences/genes, which are likely to be involved in cellulose degradation, have been identified (Covert et al., 1992; Sims et al., 1994). Two of these sequences/genes, namely, cbhI.1 and cbhI.2 were characterised from genomic and cDNA libraries (Sims et al., 1994). Howard et al. (2004) reported on cbhI.1, and hence cbhI.2 is the focus of this report. The sequence data for P. chrysosporium ME446 cbhI.2 appears in the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ Sequence Data Library under the accession numbers Z22527 (genomic) and Z29653 (cDNA). cbhI.2 has two internal introns at the same positions as cbhI.1 but with different sequences, and a single up-stream intron whereas cbhI.1 has two upstream introns. One of cbhI.2 internal introns near the 3 ́end was shown to be excised from only some of the cDNA library clones (Sims et al., 1994). Since this "intron" contains no stop codon, it means translation of mRNA containing this "intron" will produce a "CBHI.2" with a significantly altered C-terminus (Broda et al., 1994; Birch et al., 1995). Hence two "CBHI.2" proteins could theoretically be formed either through selective alteration of CBHI.2 at protein level or differential splicing at mRNA level. Some cellulases may regulate their substrate specificities through proteolytic removal of their Cterminus (Knowles et al., 1987) while another mechanism maybe differential removal of the 3 ́ intron (Broda et al., 1994; Birch et al., 1995). Birch et al. (1995) demonstrated that two types of mRNA are produced for P. chrysosporium ME446 cbhI.2 and that differential splicing of the 3 ́ intron is substrate dependent. We still do not know whether both mRNAs are translated, the nature of the proteins and the mechanisms involved in cellulose hydrolysis. Cloning and expression of the two forms of cDNA (with and without the "3 ́ intron") will assist in addressing the latter issues. Previous, unsuccessful, attempts were made to express cbhI.2 in Escherichia coli using pUC18 and pKKScxyl(H) vectors (Howard, 1997). This study investigated cloning and expression of cbhI.2 in E. coli using a pET system.


The drafting of the first Code of Canon Law of the Latin Catholic Church was ordered by Pope Pius X in 1904. The code was not made by a close group of experts, but considered the opinion of the whole episcopate. Such an opinion was consulted in two different moments. In both, the opinion of Spanish bishops was asked. The contribution of Spanish metropolitans to the first query in 1904, is studied in this work. The documentation was obtained from the Vatican Secret Archives.


CXC chemokines are a class of similar structure and function,with chemotactic attraction and activation of small-molecule proteins,and have better effects on local and systemic inflammatory response.Interferon(IFN),a type of soluble glycoprotein mainly secreted by monocytes and lymphocytes,plays a key role on broad-spectrum effect of anti-viral,anti-tumor and immune regulation.IFN not only plays anti-viral effects through PKR,2'-5'OAS,Mx,ADAR1 pathway,but also acts on some chemokines secreting from neutrophils,monocytes,macrophages,T cells and so on,and also plays an important role in local and systemic anti-inflammatory response.


Women's absence in top management positions in general and in the higher education sector in particular is a major concern for academia. The article discusses the issue of gender disparities within the higher education sector. Specifically the research is aimed at studying empirically the relationship between increased presence of women in academic leadership positions and perceived positive impact on progress of women in the professorial ranks and to analyze the organizational, social and relational barriers that prevent women from taking up positions of power in higher academics. Descriptive research design was used for the study where in   data was gathered using structured questionnaire and the data was analyzed using statistical methods. Findings indicate strong evidence that various organizational, social and relational barriers hinder the journey of woman academicians towards the positions of power in higher education. In the end, suggestions for potentially promising levers for change to speed the progress of women faculty in our academic institutions are provided.


1) In the crossmg expenment performed with rye vanety "Petkuser" (Secale cereale L ) more than 50 plants of a wheat vanety "Nisimura" ( Triticum aestivum L.) showed a ihigh crossability, but one plant failed to set any seed in 1948. . I.n the following generation the latter when selfed gave seven plants showrng low crossability (0.0-8%) The low crossability continued in the progeny, except one mutation plant given rise to in 1958 (Tab. 1). This strain was named "Nisimura-kawari" which means a mutant from "Nisimura ". 2) From a further crossing experiment it was clearly established that crossability of "Nisimura" with rye pollen was 56. 6-74. 6%, while that of "Nisimura-kawari" 1. 1-4.1 %only. 3) Gene analysis of crossability was made in F1 and F2 hybrids of "Nisimura x Nisimurakawari" and its reciprocal cross. The low crossability "C" of "Nisimura-kawari': was found to be completely dbminant over the high crossability "c" of original " Nisimura ". The genotype of " Nisimura " is cc, and that of "N1srmura kawan " CC. " Nisimurakawari" seems probably to have arisen from "Nisimura" by mutation of one gene .c->C.


AIM
To analyze the surgical results of a slipped medial rectus muscle (MRM) after hang back recession surgery for esotropia.

METHODS
Twenty-one patients who underwent re-exploration for diagnosed slipped muscle after hang back recession surgery were included in this retrospective study. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging was performed to identify the location of the slipped muscle. Ocular motility was evaluated with assessment with prism and cover test in gaze at cardinal positions. The operations were performed by the same consultant. Intraoperative forced duction test was performed under general anesthesia. The empty sheath of the slipped MRM was resected and the muscle was advanced to the original insertion site in all patients.

RESULTS
The average age of 21 patients who had consecutive exotropia with a slipped MRM at the time of presentation was 17.4±5.4y (5-50y). The average duration between the first operation and the diagnosis of the slipped muscle was 25mo (12 to 36mo). The mean follow up after the corrective surgery was 28mo. The mean preoperative adduction limitation in the field of action of the slipped muscle was -2.26 (ranging from -1 to -4). All patients had full adduction postoperatively.

CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of the slipped muscle should be confirmed during the strabismus surgery. The slipped muscle may be caused due to insufficient suture and excessive rubbing of the eye. When divergent strabismus is observed after the recession of the MRM, a slipped muscle should be considered in the differential diagnosis.


The purpose of the present research is the Value study of a proper pattern for promotion of knowledge management. The research questions were planned and examined regarding the dimensions of knowledge administration such as creation, acquisition, saving, usage and evaluation of knowledge. The methodology of the research from the viewpoint of purpose is included within the developing and applied researches. Regarding its essence and methodology stands among descriptive researches within which the required data are gathered through library studies, interviews with the elites and field method. The statistical society of the research involved 122 of the professors both faculty members and guest lecturers. Since the society was limited sampling was not done. After studying theoretical research essentials and examining different models of knowledge management, influential factors on the promotion of knowledge management were discerned and inspected. Tools for gathering data included two questionnaires, the first one for recognizing and evaluating various dimensions of knowledge administration in the Islamic Azad University of Kahnooj (Iran) which was distributed among 122 people, yet 92 of them were returned. The second questionnaire was delivered to the elites and professors of this university whom had been chosen selectively for measuring the validity of a suitable model for promoting knowledge management. The rate of validity of the firs questionnaire was calculated 0.94 and its permanency coefficient as 0.93. The research suggested model with the coefficient of 0.93 was confirmed. In order to analyze data different descriptive statistical tests such as Ratio test, Freidman test, Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal Wallis test were used and then data was analyzed statistically by SPSS software. The results of the research showed that creation, development and evaluation of knowledge did not have any role in knowledge management, yet factors like saving, acquisition and usage of knowledge influence advancement of knowledge management much more.


When an electromagnetic sensor composed of a static excitation coil and a detection coil is moved in a steel tube at high speed, an eddy current is generated in the steel tube. If a defect is present in the steel tube, the defect may be detected by the change in the eddy current. Generally, the ferromagnetic heat transfer tubes in oil and chemical plants are inspected for defects by moving an internally inserted electromagnetic sensor at a high speed of about 1 m/s. Although there have been some past research reports for the detection of localized thinning in the steel tube, there are no reports for a wide range of thinning in the steel tube. Therefore, in this research, it is investigated a thickness measurement method for a wide range of thinning on the steel tube using only static magnetic field. As a result, it was shown that it is possible to measure the thickness in the steel tube by flux density inside the detection coil of the proposed static magnetic inspection sensor moving at 1m/s. The flux density in the steel tube is evaluated by the 3-D nonlinear FEM considering the velocity effect.