Multi-frame detection (MFD) and multi-sensor fusion are two popular methods of target detection and estimation which can improve the performance by increasing the number of measurement samples. In this paper, we combine these two methods together, proposing a novel multi-sensor multi-frame detection (MS-MFD) method. On the one hand, MS-MFD can make use of the target information as much as possible through the multi-frame integration. On the other hand, it can acquire the target space-diversity gain by jointly processing the measurement samples on different observation orientations, providing more accurate estimates. In particular, the proposed method consists of two steps. First, it conducts the MFD processing in each sensor node, computing the local multi-frame jointly posterior probability density. Then, it transmits the local densities to the fusion center for further processing, calculating the global target estimates. Furthermore, in order to improve the implementation efficiency of MS-MFD, a Gaussian Mixture model based method is proposed to approximate the distribution of local posterior probability density, so that the transmission costs of local posterior probability density can be significantly reduced. It is demonstrated by simulations that the proposed methods show superior performance.


We propose novel reconfigurable rateless codes, that are capable of not only varying the block length but also adaptively modify their encoding strategy by incrementally adjusting their degree distribution according to the prevalent channel conditions without the availability of the channel state information at the transmitter. In particular, we characterize a reconfigurable rateless code designed for the transmission of 9,500 information bits that achieves a performance, which is approximately 1 dB away from the discrete-input continuous-output memoryless channel's (DCMC) capacity over a diverse range of channel signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios.


A careful study of the phosphorescence afterglow and the thermoluminescence (TL) of sol-gel-prepared m-ZrO2 nanocrystalline powders in an extended temperature range −100 to 300 °C was carried out. Wavelength-resolved TL proved the existence of a single active luminescence centre in this temperature range. A TL method based on various heating rates was used to derive more reliable trap depths of 0.75, 0.95, 1.25, 1.46 and 1.66 eV whereas deconvolution methods provided somewhat lower values. The most intense room-temperature afterglows (that were easily observable beyond 1000 s) were obtained from samples annealed at 1250 and 1500 °C, and were attributed mainly to depopulation of the 1.25 eV traps.


SUMMARY

New crystalline bisulfite addition products of mannose and galactose were prepared, namely α-hydroxy-galactose sulfonate, and α-hydroxy-mannose sulfonate, and their properties studied. In addition, the rates of dissociation of these sulfonates were studied, and further evidence is presented to show that these products have an open-chain configuration.

The evidence obtained supports the theory put forward previously by one of the authors, namely, that sulfur dioxide and sulfates interact only with the open-chain aldehyde configuration of the sugars when the cyclic forms of the sugars open during their mutarotation. A maltose sulfonate was prepared in which only half of the molecule was capable of interaction with sulfites. This addition product failed to crystallize. It is probable that the same mechanism is of importance in interpreting the browning phenomena during the Maillard reaction.


Urbanization often is accompanied with increased overland flow and shorter time of concentration. The threat of flooding from such changes can be serious to residents and governments that are responsible for flood warning and flood damage reduction. This paper presents the development of a flood warning system by integrating Internet, Geographic Information System, and a flood model. It first delineates flooding areas in response to different rainfall amounts and land use scenarios, then overlays the flooding areas with other data layers to identify properties and streets potentially to be affected by the user-specified flooding event. Fi- nally, results from the simulation and overlay analysis are published via Internet as tables and maps. A user may also compare differ- ence between the flooding areas from two scenarios, such as different rainfall amount or different land use plans. This study demon- strates that based on the simulation of changes in land use patterns, the change of runoff and flooding areas can be visualized in a temporal and spatial context. The system can estimate the affect of land development on flooding impact to support better planning and development decisions. In addition, it can help identify critical areas for more effective emergency response. Finally, it can reach out to a broad user base to increase public awareness of flooding impact.


A new design methodology for compact single‐level and multilevel folded‐line radio frequency (RF) power dividers is presented. Simple design equations are developed for compact 3‐dB Wilkinson power dividers with single and cascaded folded‐line C‐sections. The new topologies show a reduction in footprint area to less than 40% of the conventional topology for single‐level compact designs and to less than 17% of the conventional topology for a multilevel compact design. The new compact designs are validated by full‐wave electromagnetic simulation as well as measurements. Excellent agreement is reported. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 187–189, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11164


The conducted study of the Sakhalin region has shown that its social situation is disastrous. In spite of its economic significance for the country (upper third among all regions), high resource potential, governmental support within the federal program for the Far East, the state of affairs in the last three years have changed to the worse. By amount and quality of resources and by investment risks Sakhalin is a zone of high uncertainty. In order to utilise the region's potential, increase per capita incomes and ensure its consolidated development as part of the Russian Federation, a new economic mechanism of management must be created. The main principles of the formation and evaluation of such a mechanism are set forth.


. The article describes risk model of the project that operates in the multi-project environment. A formal assessment of project risks was presented. Approaches to risk assessment on various criteria given.


Aiming at the disadvantages of manual pile foundations construction,such as the big labor intension and less security,the paper indicates the common safety misadventures and many kinds of security measurements from the aspects,including the security measurements to prevent from the collapse,the electrocution,the drop from high position and poisoning choke.


Two series of drained tests with fixed principal stress axes and cyclic rotation of principal stress axes were conducted with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.The inherent anisotropy of sands was investigated firstly through the shear tests with fixed principal stress axes.For the tests under the condition of cyclic rotation of principal stress axes,the magnitudes of three effective principal stresses were kept constant and only the principal stress axes rotated cyclically from 0° to 180° relative to vertical axis.The developments of four strain components and the volumetric strain with number of cycles,the relationship between shear stress and shear strain and the effects of deviatoric stress and effective mean normal stress were studied.


Digital information resources available on the Internet have become conditio sine qua non of modern research and teaching. In the last decade and a half the Internet and especially the Web had introduced many types of online information resources that emerged and vanished. Only those that were closely associated with important institutions in society (such as libraries and universities) and proved usable survived. Until recently, libraries have been places where university staff seeks quality information for research and teaching, and students for learning. With the proliferation of the Web, students have replaced libraries with search engines and are now using them as primary tools for discovery of information necessary for completion of their written exams, term papers, presentations etc. In their effort to provide researchers, teachers and students with quality content, universities and libraries started development of digital repositories, digital archives of the intellectual product created by the faculty, research staff, and students of an institution. Digital repositories contain research data, journal articles, preprints, technical reports, books, theses and dissertations and other material used in research and educational process. The diverse content of digital repositories represents rich resources for research and teaching, In addition to the diversity and quality of the content, another issue – user interfaces – attracted attention of computer specialists because user interfaces are means of successful use of digital repositories. The research of top 20 open access digital repositories showed that the biggest repositories share common characteristics which help their users in their daily access to the content of repositories. Despite helpful similarities, some of these digital repositories should improve their design to become more attractive and attract younger generations of users seeking knowledge elsewhere on the Internet.


At least one mobile device is located with the help of existing equipment in the signals / technologies in a movable space. This includes in particular a communication with radio signals. For position determination, no additional hardware is needed. To a specific signaling for locating can generally be avoided. According to at least present radio signals from already implemented in the mobile radio transmitters are used for locating the mobile device. These radio stations often correspond fixed wireless standards. Conventional mobile devices typically comprise a plurality of such radio standards.


Self-Organising Map (SOM) is found to be a useful tool for climatological synoptic, analysis in extreme and rainfall pattern, cloud classification and climate change analysis. In data preprocessing for use in statistical downscaling, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) or empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is used to select the mode criterion for the predictor and predictand fields for building a model. However, EOF contributes less total variance for most cases of which 70% to 90% of total population variance is accounted in the analysis. Therefore, SOM is proposed to obtain a nonlinear mapping for the preprocessing process. This study examines the dimension reduction of NCEP variable using SOM during the periods of November-December-January-February (NDJF). The NCEP data used is the 20 grids point atmospheric data for variable Sea Level Pressure (SLP). The result showed that SOM had extracted the high dimensional data onto a low dimensional representation.


Background:
 Leukemia is the most common type of childhood cancer. Although the prognosis for many pediatric leukemias has improved, leukemias associated with the t(10;11) CALM-AF10 translocation remain difficult to treat. CALM-AF10 leukemias account for ~5-10% of childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL)as well as a subset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CALM-AF10 leukemias exhibit increased expression of proleukemic HOXA genes, but relatively little is known about the cellular mechanisms that drive CALM-AF10 leukemogenesis. Our laboratory has demonstrated that the CALM protein contains a nuclear export signal (NES) that is critical for CALM-AF10-dependent leukemogenesis. The NES interacts with the CRM1/XPO1 nuclear export receptor, which shuttles proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex. We have shown that transcriptional activation of HOXA genes by CALM-AF10 is dependent on its interaction with CRM1. Importantly, CRM1 does not contain a recognized DNA binding domain, and it is not currently understood how the CALM-AF10/CRM1 complex interacts with regulatory regions of HOXA genes. To identify proteins that mediate the interaction between the CALM-AF10/CRM1 complex and DNA, we took advantage of a proximity-based labeling approach using BioID2, a second-generation biotin ligase. When fused to a protein of interest and in the presence of biotin, BioID2 biotinylates proteins in close proximity to the ligase. These biotinylated proteins can then be identified by mass spectrometry (MS).
 Methods:
 We prepared an expression plasmid in which BioID2 was cloned in-frame with CALM-AF10. Human Embryonic Kidney 293 (HEK293) cells were transiently transfected with BioID2-CALM-AF10 and grown in the presence or absence of biotin. MS was performed to identify candidate interacting proteins. We validated direct interactions of candidate proteins with CALM-AF10 using co-immunoprecipitation experiments in HEK293 cells transfected with a CALM-AF10 plasmid. We confirmed that candidate proteins are present in murine CALM-AF10 leukemia cells via Western blotting. In order to efficiently knockout (KO) candidate proteins, we have generated a human U937 cell line (which harbors a t(10;11) CALM-AF10 translocation) with a stable incorporated Cas9. To assess whether KO of EPS15, DVL2 or CTTN affects HOXA5 expression, we performed RT-qPCR in U937-Cas9 cells lines with confirmed KO.
 Results:
 We carried out three independent transfections/MS experiments, which identified 71, 95 and 61 proteins, respectively. Of the proteins identified, 12 candidates were common to all three experiments . Importantly, we identified Disruptor Of Telomeric silencing 1-Like (DOT1L), a protein known to interact with AF10, and Nuclear pore complex protein 214 (NUP214), a protein that interacts with CRM1 and that is involved in leukemogenic translocations. We chose EPS15, DVL2 and CTTN for further study, as each of these proteins plays a role in leukemogenesis. We performed initial validation of direct interactions via co-immunoprecipitation and found that all three proteins co-precipitate with CALM-AF10. Western blotting showed that all three proteins are expressed in a murine CALM-AF10 leukemia cell line. We effectively knocked out EPS15 protein expression in U937 cells, and showed that HOXA5 expression is reduced in the setting of EPS15 knockout.
 Conclusion:
 We used biotin ligase-dependent proximity-based labeling to identify candidate proteins that potentially interact with the CALM-AF10 fusion protein. Our identification of DOT1L validates the approach, since DOT1L is known to interact with CALM-AF10. We have started to investigate three candidate proteins - EPS15, DVL2 and CTTN - all of which are involved in leukemogenic transformation. We have shown that EPS15, DVL2 and CTTN are expressed in murine CALM-AF10 leukemia cells and directly interact with the CALM-AF10 fusion protein. Knockout of EPS15 in U937 cells results in decreased HOXA5 expression, suggesting the importance of EPS15 in CALM-AF10 leukemogenesis. Evaluation of the roles of these proteins in leukemogenesis may lead to identification of novel pathways involved in CALM-AF10 leukemogenesis.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Main purpose of this paper is a effective design of suction muffler. The various type of suction muffler for alternative refrigerant compressor are mainly developed by the experiment of design and several experiments are conducted. Also by using package(SYSNOISE,PHOENICS),transmission loss and flow resistance characteristics of suction muffler are analyzed. Then the procedure of compressor suction muffler is established effectively. And good performance and low noise muffler for alternative refrigerant compressor is developed.


We have obtained two-dimensional CCD spectrograms of Comet P/Giacobini-Zinner (1984e) on five occasions between July and October 1985. We extracted spatial emission profiles of H2O+ at 6198 A, the strongest ionic line in the visible spectrum. This emission line traces the extent of the ion, or plasma, tail. We placed the spectrograph slit approximately along the trajectory of the International Cometary Explorer (ICE) on 11 Sept 1985; the resulting H2O+ profile has a full-width-half-maximum of ≈ 5700 km, about three times that of the plasma density profile measured by ICE, and has a full-width-zero-intensity of ≈ 30,000 km, very similar to the ICE values. H2O production rates for the comet are derived and compared with those of Comet P/Halley (1982i).


Calculation methods are an important tool for the determination of pressure effects due to high current area in electrical installations. In this contribution an improved standard calculation method and a new CFD-(computational fluid-dynamics) based method are introduced and compared with two other existing methods. The fundamental physical phenomena are mentioned and their importance for the process of pressure rise is explained. The calculation methods are discussed and it is shown that the relevant parameter for the application of one of the calculation methods is the geometrical size. The application of the different calculation methods is demonstrated with three typical examples. The CFD-based method is applicable for all typical applications whereas the improved standard calculation method is limited to small size applications.


In order to overcome layover and shadowing effects, three-dimentional(3-D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR) systems have developed rapidly. One of them is linear array SAR(LASAR). Therefore, the image result may defocus due to the antenna phase centers(APCs) motion measurement error. Thus a novel LASAR motion compensation approach is proposed. Based on the analysis that linear array motion error is approximately linear, the method estimates only selected APCs' phase error and derive the whole array's phase error via extrapolation. The compensation scheme is verified with simulations.


This work presents the use of stochastic measures of similarities as features with statistical significance for the design of despeckling nonlocal means filters. Assuming that the observations follow a Gamma model with two parameters (mean and number of looks), patches are compared by means of the Kullback-Leibler and Hellinger distances, and by their Shannon entropies. A convolution mask is formed using the p-values of tests that verify if the patches come from the same distribution. The filter performances are assessed using well-known phantoms, three measures of quality, and a Monte Carlo experiment with several factors. The proposed filters are contrasted with the Refined Lee and NL-SAR filters.


Information technology has developed rapidly, and affects several aspects of human life, including buying and selling transactions. Online transactions allow sellers and buyers not to meet in person. The development emerged a new buying and selling system called dropship. Even in the trade law, buying and selling online is a concern. About selling IDX online has been explained in Law no. 7 of 2014 concerning Trade (Trade Law) and Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (Consumer Protection Law) is a reference for every business actor in conducting trade transactions, both conventional trading and trading through online or e-commerce. The purpose of this study is to describe how the views or interpretations of Law No. 8 of 1999 relate to the responsibilities of business actors who use the drop shipper system. The research method is a library reaseach. The results of this study are the positive law of dropshipping buying and selling law is permissible and the validity and terms of the agreement can be based on Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions and Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection where startups, especially Tokopedia, remain responsible answer in accordance with the provisions of law no. 8 of 2011.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to parking aids. Parking aid (10) comprises image receiver (11), storage unit (13), guide image output unit (17) and image output unit (19). Caught image turn angle relative to ideal state of said image is considered an error related to the turn in optical system originated at securing of the camera at vehicle. Storage unit (13) stores additionally the graphic images that display guide images in compliance with the vehicle steering angle in compliance with the error related with the optical system turn. Guide image representation unit (17) receives the graphical image of forecast course angle from storage unit (13) in compliance with actual steering angle and turn parameter indicating the turn in optical system originating at camera fastening to the vehicle. EFFECT: easier driving. 20 cl, 9 dwg


An examination of the most important issues and events from the mid-19th century to the present in a global context.


This paper reports the case of a girl who, at the age of 7 years, presented with a saccular aneurysm of a brachial artery. Over the following 8 years a further 15 aneurysms appeared, involving limb and visceral arteries and the aorta. Some, but not all, of these aneurysms have been operated upon. Complications included renovascular hypertension due to bilateral intrarenal aneurysms. She had been followed up for 15 years.


There is frequent use of human and animal proteins as stabilizers during lyophilization of a variety of biological substances with a view to long term stable storage. This report describes the comparative excellent stabilizing effect of a porcine collagen peptide fraction (CPF) during the lyophilization and subsequent storage of three commonly used biological substances, alkaline phosphatase, tissue plasminogen activator and thrombin.


Fatty acid and sterol composition of water stressed sunflower seeds has been determined. Particularly, the sterol fraction has been obtained by the analytical technique of «on line » LC-GC. Fatty acid (linoleic acid is the major component) and sterol (β-sitosterol is the major component) compositions are not very different from the ones of seeds grown in normal conditions of evapotranspiration. Analytical values do not vary even in samples of seeds obtained from water stressed sunflowers during the flowering stage, which represents the most critical time


released abroad in 1993, followed by the diskhaler in 1994. In Japan, the rotadisk was introduced in 1998, followed by the diskhaler in 2002, and the Metered Dose inhaler in 2003. In Japan, the basic ingredient for Beclomethasone dipropionate was changed from one prepared with chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) to one with hydrofluoralkane (HFA)(Qvar) in 2002. Twenty years ago Beclomethasone dipropionate was the only inhaled glucocorticosteroid available in Japan. Therefore, the penetration of the medicine to general physicians was retarded as compared with other countries. The reasons for this are as follows: 1) the dosage limit for inhalation was low with 400 g/day (later on this increased to 800 g/day), 2) since it required daily inhalation of 4 times, compliance was inadequate, 3) the method of inhalation was difficult, requiring a spacer, and 4) there were many antiallergic agents already developed and available in Japan. However, after the release of Fluticasone propionate in 1998, the dosage limit for the inhalation was lessened. With administration of the inhalant twice a day and the easing of the inhalation procedures, its effectiveness became widely recognized by general physicians. However, in Japan in 2000, 2 years after the release of Fluticasone propionate, as a result of the 130,000-patient study Asthma Insight & Reality in Japan (AIRJ), in the past year the percentage of patients who experienced asthma Introduction


This chapter explores the legal construction of the contract of employment in British labour through two interrelated phenomena of the British labour market — the fragmentation of work and regulation. It claims that the legal construction of the contract of employment, which still adopts one standard prototype of contract, has been a vehicle of social exclusion for work patterns in a fragmented work domain and that it has also been a vehicle leading to the fragmentation of regulation that brings about social exclusion. Three meanings of social exclusion are discussed in the chapter, and illustrated in the context of the 'mutuality of obligation' test, the requirement for pay, the worker category, domestic workers, the new 'employee shareholder' status, and a short discussion on the supposed statutory regulation of problems surrounding zero-hours contracts. The first meaning is exclusion from basic labour rights. The second is exclusion from the relevant idea of industrial citizenship, particularly the denial of voice. The third is exclusion resulting from the deprivation of capabilities, or to use Amartya Sen's ideas, it is the deprivation from the richness of life and the freedom to choose.


We report new observations of fish and benthic invertebrate assemblages at shallow-water (<35 m depth), hard-bottom sites in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. The biota of these previously unstudied areas and of three high-relief features in deeper water was observed during May 1980 using a combination of diver reconnaissance, videotape surveys, still-camera photography, and collection of invertebrates for identification. The six hardbottom sites in shallow water typically comprised, small, often patchy, rock outcrops, and the associated sessile invertebrates included hydroids, bryozoans, sponges, octocorals, and ahermatypic stony corals. Sea urchins and arrow crabs were the most common motil~ epifauna. Fish assemblages were typified by red snapper, Atlantic spadefish, blue runner gray triggerfish, sheepshead, and tomtate. Three deeper stations had many of the sam~ fish and invertebrate species, but also possessed a more tropical assemblage including fire corals, antipatharians, spiny lobsters, and a variety of tropical fish species. Hermatypic corals characteristic of some large, offshore banks were not abundant at any of the sites. Differences in the composition of fish assemblages between nearshore and deeper stations parallel those previously observed at petroleum platforms in the area. Shallow-water stations presumably experience a greater seasonal temperature range and lower absolute temperatures in winter and may be exposed to stresses such a lowered salinity and depleted oxygen levels due to their relative proximity to Mississippi River discharge. The fauna of these shallow hard-bottom sites has predominantly warm-temperate rather than tropical affinities. Numerous hard-bottom areas or "natural reefs" are located in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. The biota of large offshore reefs, snapper banks, and topographic highs in water depths greater than 60 m is well studied (Bright eta/., 1976; Sonnier eta/., 1976; Bright and Rezak, 1978a, b, 1981). The presence of small, hard-bottom features on the inner and middle shelf has been reported by local fishermen, and the locations of some of these features may have been recorded in the Sea Grant SNAG data (Graham, 1980), but most research concerning the biota of hard substrates in shallow waters has focused on oil production platforms (see review by Gallaway and Lewbel, 1982). A small reef in shallow water off South Padre Island, Texas, has been intensively investigated (Causey, 1969; McCarty, 1974; Felder and Chaney, 1979), but there 51 have been no studies of reefs near the Louisiana coast. This paper presents qualitative observations of fish and invertebrate assemblages associated with previously unstudied, natural hardbottom areas of the middle shelf off the Louisiana coast.


Historians, simultaneously hidebound traditionalists and quiet revolutionaries, only reluctantly have taken up the computer. Long suspicious of manufactured evidence (numbers), sensitive to nuances of meaning, committed to the spoken word and printed page, historians have approached the new technology not a little doubtful of its impact upon what they consider the best and most humane of disciplines. Yet the post-World War II focus on black Americans, women, the inarticulate, and social history, among other historiographical developments, has brought new questions, new methodologies, and new sources. Not surprisingly, word processing and database management, because they promise to shorten research and writing time, have gained gradual acceptance among scholars. Other applications, from statistical packages


The present invention relates to a method of recording secondary information on a record carrier, in particular on an optical record carrier, besides its content information, whereby it is possible to differentiate the record carrier from other record carrier bearing the same content information, for example by recording an individual identifier. The secondary information is recorded by: forming at predetermined positions dummy patterns (23), preferably at the same moment as when recording the content information, and recording the secondary information by selectively modifying the dummy patterns, thereby obtaining modified dummy patterns (24), wherein the dummy patterns as well as the modified dummy patterns correspond to valid channel words. The invention further relates to an apparatus for recording secondary information, to a record carrier, and to a method and to an apparatus for reproducing the secondary information.


The topographic and geologic conditions of Loess Plateau areas are complex,using transient electromagnetic method(TEM) to detect roadway water abundance can get better results.Based on parameter experiments,the optimal emitter loop size,frequency and supply currents have been obtained.Using these parameters in efficiency assay,the rules of apparent resistivity distribution have been got,and then,three-dimensional sections of apparent resistivity were drawn.The results showed that the low resistivity anomalies inside the high resistivity layers were the roadway.Because of the roof falling,fractures may conduct the upper sandstone aquifer.So the effective water damage prevention measures are recommended during the repeated mining.


ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the intersection between degrowth and urban planning and contributes to a deeper understanding and a sharper concretisation of how a strong sustainability concept such as degrowth can be taken into planning practice. Taking the Swedish municipality of Södertälje as a case, this paper uses empirical material from interviews with municipal urban planners and urban planning policy. The findings put current planning in relation to degrowth ideas, gather insights about the possible role of planning actors in a degrowth transition, and includes proposals for how planning practice can facilitate a degrowth future. This study finds that integrating a degrowth approach in planning practice means that urban planning needs to be subordinated to overarching social and environmental goals. Producing urban planning that is measured and conditioned by overarching goals would most likely imply completely different ways of planning, and goal-oriented backcasting scenarios are suggested as a tool to overcome this challenge. This paper also gathers strategies, like Södertälje's Cultivation Strategy, that can facilitate a degrowth transition within current planning practice.


Introduction: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided pancreatic cysto-gastrostomy/duodenostomy is the current accepted practice for management of symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts with insertion of two or more double-pigtail (DP) stents. There is no much work on the efficacy of using a single wide-caliber DP stent, aiming to decrease the time, complications, and accessories used in the procedure. Aim of the Work: The aim of this study was to assess technical and clinical outcomes of using a single wide-caliber DP stent in EUSguided pancreatic pseudocyst drainage. Methodology: This multicenter prospective study included 57 patients, from which the 35 patients with symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts enrolled. Patients with cysts with multiple septations (7 cases) or cyst with >30% necrosis (8 cases) of the cyst content and patients with generalized ascites (4 cases) or patients with major comorbidities (3 cases) were excluded. Patients were followed up within 1 month and 6 months after stent placement to assess complete resolution or a decrease in the sizes of cysts with clinical symptomatic improvement. Results: From 57 patients, 35 patients (19 females/16 males, median age 40 years) with a symptomatic pancreatic pseudocyst were referred for EUS-guided drainage. All used stents were 10 Fr DP plastic stents. The median duration of the whole procedure was 16 min. Technical success was achieved in all cases. Clinical success was encountered in 32 patients (91.4%) without re-accumulation on follow-up. Minor adverse events were encountered in 3 patients (8.6%) including post-procedure abdominal pain (1 case) and fever (2 cases). Conclusion: We suggest that using a wide-caliber single-pigtail stent for EUS-guided cystogastrostomy is safe and effective with short procedure time, with reduced risks from the insertion of another stent(s).


We describe the planar technology used on silicon substrate to achieve two special devices : a folded optical spectrum analyser featuring 500 MHz bandwith and a Michelson interferometer used as a vibration sensor.


To optimize keyboard interface design of touch screen handsets,usability test and questionnaire were employed to analyze the usability performance and satisfaction of four popular input methods in the SMS tasks.We found that:a) T9-like keypad was better to use in typing Chinese and figures,while QWERTY keypad was more suitable for English.b) The convenience and accessibility of input mode switch were the two critical factors influencing the usability and user satisfaction of input methods.The future input interface should follow the one touch to switch the input mode principle,and for different input information present the optimal input interface(Chinese-T9,English-QWERTY).


The ERK1/2 signaling pathway is critical in organismal development and tissue morphogenesis. Deregulation of this pathway leads to congenital abnormalities with severe developmental dysmorphisms, i.e. RASopathies. The core ERK1/2 cascade relies on scaffold proteins such as Shoc2 to guide and fine‐tune its signals. Mutations in shoc2 lead to the development of the pathology termed Noonan‐like Syndrome with Loose Anagen Hair (NSLAH) RASopathy. However, the mechanisms underlying the functions of Shoc2 and its contributions to disease progression remain unclear.


To improve security in wind turbine remote access,this paper proposes the security technology in wind turbine cross-domain access based on the commonly used Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition(SCADA) systems for wind turbine.This technology is based on MD-RBAC model,which implements various access control functions for validity constraint.It designs the security management mechanism in cross-domain access based on these functions,and implements the cross-domain remote access system based on B/S architecture with DevFx.


In this paper, we propose an Arduino-based effective home security monitoring system. Proposed home security monitoring system consists of arduino which is inexpensive main processor, ultrasonic sensor and human body detection sensor to detect whether someone breaks into home. Data from ultrasonic sensor and human body detection sensor are transmitted to web server via ethernet shield connected to arduino. Web server checks whether someone breaks into home by using stored data from ultrasonic sensor and human body detection sensor. Snapshot is photographed via webcam connected by using JQuery. Photographed snapshot is stored in web server as image file. A user can monitor in web or smart device environment by using HTML5, CSS and Canvas. When examining efficiency of proposed home security monitoring system, it was found that proposed system is easier to be made than existing home security system and is cost effective by using arduino and is efficient and convenient and stable as it enables a user to handle an error in person and it uses reliable data.


The aim of this article is to examine the differences in perception of 'fairness' between developing and developed countries, which influence developing countries' willingness to embrace the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) proposals and to recommend as to how to overcome these differences. The article provides an introduction to the background of the OECD's BEPS initiatives (Action Plan, Low Income Countries Report, Multilateral Framework, Inclusive Framework) and the concerns of developing countries about their ability to implement BEPS (Section 1); a non-exhaustive overview of the shortcomings of the BEPS Project and its Action Plan in respect of developing countries (Section 2); arguments on why developing countries might perceive fairness in relation to corporate income taxes differently from developed countries (Section 3); and recommendations for international organisations, governments and academic researchers on where fairness in respect of developing countries should be more properly addressed (Section 4).


The aim of this research was to determined the prevalence and infection degrees of endoparasite on layer chicken in Sub-district Udanawu, Blitar. Ninety-six samples were taken from layer chicken in 3 different villages namely Bakung Village, Tunjung Village, and Slemanan Village. The examinations taken in this study are fecal examination using native, sediment, and floating methods and blood examination using blood smear method. Result showed that 81.25% samples are positive for helminthiasis infection consisting of Ascaridia galli (66.67%), Heterakis gallinarum (45.83%), Raillietina sp. (31.25%), and Strongyloides avium (7.29%). Blood examination result shown there is no positive sample that infect layer chicken in Sub-district Udanawu, Blitar. Chi-Square test result showed there are significant difference (P<0.05) of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum in Bakung Village, Tunjung Village, and Slemanan Village in Sub-district Udanawu, meanwhile there are no significant difference (P>0.05) of Raillietina sp. and Strongyloides avium. Range of infection degrees of helminthiasis in Bakung village, Tunjung village, and Slemanan Village are 608.75 ± 588.53, 223.12 ± 359.21, 156.25 ± 332.39. There are significant difference (P<0.05) on helminthiasis infection degree of layer chicken in Udanawu District, Blitar.


Cloud resources provided different types of virtual machine (VM) instances that are assigned to users for particular periods of time. Currently, the process of VM scheduling in Cloud environments is determined by fixed-price scheduling algorithm in which the user pays a fixed amount per unit time in order to obtain the resources. However, such scheduling algorithm is not effective for Cloud since the Cloud's resources are dynamically allocated and released. To address this issue, an adaptive scheduling algorithm for VM allocation in Cloud environments is proposed. Our market-based scheduling algorithm uses the principle of auction mechanism in order to increase the Cloud providers' and uses' satisfaction. Moreover, the scheduling algorithm considers other factors such as auction deadline and network bandwidth with the aim of enhancing the resources utilization and the quality of service (QoS) in Cloud. The simulation experimental results show that the adaptive auction-based scheduling is able to effectively enhance quality of service, profit of Cloud service provider and resource utilization.


We present a synchronization algorithm to let nodes in a sensor network simultaneously execute a task at a given point in time. In contrast to other time synchronization algorithms we do not provide a global time basis that is shared on all nodes. Instead, any node in the network can spontaneously initiate a process that allows the simultaneous execution of arbitrary tasks. We show that our approach is beneficial in scenarios where a global time is not needed, as it requires little communication compared with other time synchronization algorithms. We also show that our algorithm works in heterogeneous systems where the hardware provides highly varying clock accuracy. Moreover, heterogeneity does not only affect the hardware, but also the communication channels. We deal with different connection types---from highly unreliable and fluctuating wireless channels to reliable and fast wired connections.


Sound source signals can be separated using Wiener post-filters calculated by estimating the power spectral densities (PSDs) of sources from the outputs of a set of beamformers. This approach has been shown effective in the under-determined case where the number of sources to be separated exceeds the number of microphones. In this paper, a limit on the maximum number of separable sources is derived beyond which the problem becomes rank deficient. This study reveals the number of sources that can be separated simultaneously is related to the order of the beam patterns. Further, using the principles of cylindrical mode beamforming, the performance can be predicted as a function of frequency. The result is consistent with simulations in which the performance of separating music and speech sound sources was quantified.


The constraints of CAL are spread over narrow heat cycles, sensitive strip formats, recurrent product size changes, flexible lines and productivity. An up-to-date mathematical model, coupled with an advanced transition management has been designed to synchronously control the furnace equipments as well as the line speed. It allows process reaction forecast on the current and coming strips through deep thermal modelling and it generates the optimal routes for driving the transitions.


Safe and effective administration of first and second dose intravenous antibiotics in the community is an important aspect of nursing care. Examination of current literature and recent nursing practice is needed to respond to the increasing expectation for our community service to administer intravenous antibiotics in the community. The purpose of this article is to report a literature review which aimed to discern a process of safe and effective medication management within a community nursing setting for first and second dose intravenous antibiotic therapy. (non-author abstract)


Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, affects 1 in 9 individuals >65 years old ([Alzheimer's Association, 2016][1]). Cognitive decline is the most distinctive symptom of AD, and it strongly correlates with synapse loss ([Masliah et al., 1990][2]; [Terry et al., 1991][3]).


We have investigated the impact of the polar jet on the winter PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm) concentrations in Europe during a 10-year period. For this purpose, we have computed the daily latitude and strength of the jet by using reanalysis wind fields in the lower troposphere over the eastern North Atlantic (0°–15° W). Then we have extracted daily average surface PM10 observations at ~440 sites from the European air quality database (AirBase).

Four preferred jet positions have been identified over the 0°–15° W sector in winter: southern (south of 41° N), central-southern (between 41° N and 51° N), central-northern (between 51° N and 63° N) and northern (north of 63° N). They exert a stronger influence than the jet strength on the mean PM10 levels. Consequently, we have examined whether the full distribution of PM10 and the occurrence of PM10 extremes (exceedances of the local winter 95th percentiles) are also linked to the jet position.

The northern position is associated with enhanced PM10 concentrations (on average ~9 μg m−3 above the mean values) and threefold increases in the odds of PM10 extremes over northwestern / central Europe. Comparable increases have been found in southern Europe when the jet is in its central-northern position. In both cases, the rise in the PM10 concentrations is associated with blocking of the zonal flow over those regions and the impact on PM10 extremes is maximised for time lags of around 1–2 days. On the other hand, the mean sea level pressure (SLP) patterns of the central-southern jet position resemble a positive phase of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), yielding large PM10 decreases (on average around −9 μg m−3) in northwestern / central Europe. Similarly, the southern jet position results in low PM10 concentrations in southern Europe.

These results demonstrate that winter near-surface PM10 concentrations in Europe are strongly sensitive to the jet latitude, with implications for future projections of air pollution. As there is no consensus on the future evolution of the North Atlantic jet in a warming climate, different responses among model simulations could be relevant to understand discrepancies in their climate change projections of PM10 and other pollutants.


In article the role of heredity and a mental travmirovaniye in aetiopathogenesis the specified pathology of speech is considered the reasons of emergence of stutter.


The paper presented the tea polyphenols variation during the pile-fermentation process of sun-dried green tea from shuangjiang, zhenkang, jinggu. The results showed that the tea polyphenols were decreased by 40% to 60% in the pile-fermentation process and the decreasing was dependent on moist-heat and microbial action, which played an important role to the Pu-erh tea quality.


Since the appreciation of RMB,the growth rate of Chinese exports to the US has decreased.But in the bi- variable model,the monthly statistical data collected from August 2005 to February 2008 doesn't support a long-term and stable co-integration relation between RMB to the dollar exchange rate and export volume from China to the US. Basing on the analysis of the multi-variable model,we can obtain the following conclusions.In the long term,the rising rate of Chinese CPI primly contributes to a sharp decline in export growth.The decline of consumption which is caused by the outbreak of the secondary mortgage market crisis in the US followed.And the third reason is the acceleration of the pace of the appreciation of RMB.In the short term,CPI is still the most important element affecting the export gro- wth,but the acceleration of the pace of the appreciation of RMB contributes more than the decline in consumption of the US.


There are many problems in the waterflood development of Sanjianfang Formation reservoir of Qiuling Oilfield, including low formation pressure and oil production, rapid increase of water cut and the pressure of water well is approaching fracture pressure. To solve these problems, waterflood behaviors are studied thoroughly by using performance analysis. The results suggest that the characters of the production wells are multi-layers per well, single direction response per layer, single direction per layer and two directions per two layers of water breakthrough. There is positive correlation between the response time and water breakthrough time, and the water breakthrough will come soon after responding if the response time is too short of too long. If the response time is 8-14 months, the water breakthrough comes late after response. Gas block phenomenon should not be ignored as it is probably the key factor causing the problems existing in waterflood development. Waterflood behaviors could also be affected by sedimentary, structure, perforation, the extending direction of sandstone body and reservoir physical property.


We report a coil-based passive sensing system and associated Digital Signal Processing (DSP) capable of detecting extremely weak and wideband bio-magnetic signals without the need for shielding. Our previous work showed potential in this direction but was limited to detecting magnetocardiography (MCG) signals that are the strongest emanated by the human body as well as narrowband. In a major step forward, we advance our DSP with notch and Empirical Mode Decomposition filters, in addition to bandpass filtering and averaging utilized in the past and refine our coil design. We characterize the system's noise performance, analyze effectiveness of the DSP methods, and validate performance in vitro. The proposed system considerably outperforms our previous design: noise levels at 10 Hz and 100 Hz are reduced by ∼46% and ∼92%, respectively, while detection sensitivity is improved by ∼94% across a ∼3333% wider signal bandwidth. That is, signals as low as magnetomyography (MMG) and evoked Compound Action Potentials (eCAP) and of frequency range comparable to magnetoneurography (MNG) can now be retrieved passively, in non-shielded environments. As a proof-of-concept, we utilize a single sensor and 24 minutes of recording; however, these parameters are scalable, as is the strength and frequency range of detectable bio-magnetic signals. To this end, we include discussions on how the hardware and DSP components can be parameterized and adjusted to fit diverse clinical needs. The proposed system can empower seamless detection of MCG, MMG, eCAP, and MNG, among others, opening unexplored opportunities for the future of medical diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment.


The relevance of the work is caused by climate change and increase in frequency of occurrence of dangerous hydrological phenomena on the rivers of the southern Siberian mountains. As a consequence the social and economic damage grows. The aim of the research is to analyze the conditions of formation of spring flood high water content on the river Abakan, to identify hydro-climatic laws as a basis for predicting the probability of formation of extremely high flow rates. Methods: complex geographical and hydrometeorological analysis, identification of prognostic data dependencies of long-term meteorological observations using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The authors have revealed four types of the tide of spring flood high water content (probability is less than 33,3 %), which differ in the degree of danger to human settlements and industrial facilities on the banks of river Abakan. The main factors of the formation of the flood high water content tide are the following: 1) increased amount of winter precipitation - at average the sum of rainfall catchment from November to March is 10 % above the norm; 2) abundant, mainly liquid, April precipitation. The amount of precipitation in April, according to the data of weather stations Neozhidanny and Tashtyp, is above normal by 25 and 50 %, respectively. The authors proposed the technique of flood prediction based on searching for the so-called «Extremality flood factor».


In modern distributed measure and control systems, transmission and processing of real-time data requires each communication node to work in a unified time base in order to ensure the timeliness of data transmission. IEEE1588 precision clock synchronization protocol (PTP) is aimed to solve the high-precision clock synchronization, which supports software or hardware implementation. This paper analyzes the factors that affect the accuracy of clock synchronization. Considering the special requirements of the protocol implemented in embedded systems, we propose an adaptive exponential smoothing algorithm to achieve high-precision clock synchronization. Experiments show that this algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy of clock synchronization.


Fraud on the event logs derived from business process is known as event log-based fraud. Fraud detection using event logs employs process mining technique, notably conformance checking analysis. This study proposes a method for rating event log-based fraud datasets using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a well-known multicriteria decision-making method. Earlier studies proposed that interval type-2 fuzzy set provides an alternative in handling uncertainty than type-1 fuzzy set. Therefore, we utilize interval type-2 fuzzy sets in fuzzy AHP in order to manage vagueness in many linguistic judgement. This study includes linguistic hedges implementation to modify the membership function of expert valuation. The experimental results showed comparable types of membership function shape and its obtained accuracy performance. Obtained accuracy from fuzzy type-1 AHP method achieved 94% for triangular membership function shape and 93.9% for interval type-2 fuzzy AHP. Although there was no escalation in accuracy after applying interval-valued fuzzy sets for all scenarios, the rank of fraud weight in each feature were altered.


We consider some particular states of two coupled continuous systems, for which it is meaningful to use the concurrence as an entanglement quantifier, and show there is an accidental connection between the probability distribution of the relative phase of their Husimi function and their concurrence. We moreover show a quantum open system where these states can be produced. Hence, the measurement of the Husimi function allows for quantification of entanglement for these particular states.


To better the de-noising effect of power quality signals,an improved method is put forward based on the analysis of soft threshold and hard threshold de-noising methods.The key of wavelet thresholding de-noising is constructing thresholding function and selecting thresholding.It synthetizes different traits of soft threshold and hard threshold de-noising methods.Best estimations of wavelet coefficients and improved thresholding function which incorporates the soft and hard thresholding can be both produced by adjusting the parameters properly.Meanwhile,the shortcoming which is either worst in de-noising or preserving the original signal is effectively overcome.The simulation results show that this method can reduce the loss of information while de-noising,and provide better SNR,RMSE indicates than soft threshold and hard threshold de-noising methods.


This study mainly aims to determine the effect of the use of audiovisual media on learning outcomes of fourth grade students at MIS Amanah Ruteng in the 2018/2019 school year. This research includes quantitative research, with the type of experimental research. The design in this study was the prepostest control group design. The sampling technique is done by total sampling, which the entire population of fourth grade is used as a sample. The research sample consisted of 21 students of 4A grade as the control class and 21 students of 4B grade as the experimental class. The data collection technique in this study was a multiple choice test technique with 30 instruments. The results of the validity test contained 26 valid items and 4 items were invalid with a reliability of 0.932. Based on the results of the analysis showed the value of tcount was 7.38 and the value of ttable was 2.02 at a significance level of 0.05. The calculation results showed the value of tcount 7.38 > 2.02 ttable. This shows that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that science learning assisted by audiovisual media was proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes.


A 38-year-old male presented to the emergency department with severe acute-on-chronic abdominal pain. For the previous 20 years, he had experienced daily sharp epigastric pain with generalization to the entire abdomen. The pain typically began late in the morning and could last from hours to days. It was associated with nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, and occasionally fever, diarrhea, and fatty or bloody bowel movements. These symptoms were not associated with food consumption. Over the previous five years, the patient had lost over 20 kg in weight and had noticed a marked decline in his performance at work and in the quality of his leisure time. He found symptom relief by smoking rolled marijuana cigarettes ("joints"), which he had been using three times per day since his teens. His pain crises were alleviated only with soaking in a tub of "scalding hot" bath water which he drew up ritualistically every morning. The patient's symptoms had previously been investigated by his family physician, who suspected acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), but it is unclear what medical diagnostics had been performed. Quetiapine (50 mg qhs) had been prescribed and started one year prior to presentation, but during a review of systems, the patient denied having had any psychiatric symptoms. His medical history was significant only for smoking and lactose intolerance. Review of systems and family history were negative for autoimmune, infectious, malignant, or inflammatory bowel disease. When questioned as to why he chose to come to the emergency department just then, the patient replied that his family physician had suggested that he present during one of the more severe pain crises in order to allow laboratory work-up to confirm the diagnosis of AIP. At the time of presentation, the patient had been ill for the previous four days. On examination, the patient was febrile (38.6oC), hypertensive (195/113), and markedly dehydrated. He was of thin habitus and had normal results on cardiorespiratory examination. His abdomen was nondistended but diffusely tender. Abdominal rigidity with guarding was noted by the emergency physician but was absent on reassessment by internal medicine. The patient's laboratory investigation results were consistent with a stress response and dehydration, including hemoglobin = 193 g/L, white blood cell count = 20 × 109 g/L, creatinine = 164 μmol/L, and lactate = 2.7 mmol/L. Liver enzymes and the results of tests of hepatic synthesis were normal. Urine porphobilinogen at the time of crisis was negative for AIP. Upon a review of the literature, a diagnosis of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome was made. To rule out other organic etiologies, the patient underwent abdominal computed tomography, which was unremarkable. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsies revealed no pathology.


We present submillimeter spectra of the (proto-)super star cluster (SSC) candidates in the starbursting center of the nearby galaxy NGC 253 identified by Leroy et al. The 2.5 pc resolution of our Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array cycle 3 observations approaches the size of the SSCs and allows for the study of physical and chemical properties of the molecular gas in these sources. In the 14 SSC sources and in the frequency ranges 342.0–345.8 GHz and 353.9–357.7 GHz, we detect 55 lines belonging to 19 different chemical species. The SSCs differ significantly in chemical complexity, with the richest clusters showing 19 species and the least complex showing four species. We detect HCN isotopologues and isomers (H13CN, HC15N, H15NC), abundant HC3N, SO and S18O, SO2, and H2CS. The gas ratios CO/HCN, CO/HCO+ are low, ∼1–10, implying high dense gas fractions in the SSCs. Line ratio analyses suggests chemistry consistent with photon-dominated regions and mechanical heating. None of the SSCs near the galaxy center show line ratios that imply an X-ray-dominated region, suggesting that heating by any (still unknown) active galactic nucleus does not play a major role. The gas temperatures are high in most sources, with an average rotational temperature of ∼130 K in SO2. The widespread existence of vibrationally excited HCN and HC3N transitions implies strong infrared radiation fields, potentially trapped by a greenhouse effect due to high continuum opacities.


Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the sub-parts of Artificial Intelligence which normally focuses on empowering computers to understand and operate on human languages and to get computers closer towards understanding a language as a human does. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is core of NLP systems. NER is a process of automatic identification of named entities in a given text or document. Named entities are real world objects or in general named entities are proper nouns like name of person, location, date and time expression etc. The recognition and extraction of real named entity is very important for solving difficulties in many research areas like Question Answering and Summarization Systems, Information Extraction, Machine Learning, Semantic Web Search and Bio-informatics, Video Annotation and many more. In this paper the major focus is given on comprehending different types of NER and approaches applied for NER especially different machine learning models used for identification of Named Entities.


Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to be a significant public health challenge globally. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus, and the understanding of what constitutes expressed RNAseq variants in healthy, convalescent, severe, moderate and to those admitted at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is yet to be presented. We set to characterize the different expressed RNAseq variants in healthy, severe, moderate, ICU, and convalescent individuals. Materials and methods: The bulk RNA sequencing data with identifier PRJNA639275 was download from Sequence Reads Archive (SRA). The individuals were divided into: (i) healthy, n=34, severe, n=16, ICU, n=8, moderate, n=8, and convalescent, n=2. Fastqc version 0.11.9 and Cutadapt version 3.7 was used to asses the reads quality and to perform adapter trimming respectively. STAR was using to align reads to the reference genome and GATK best practice was followed to call variants using rnavar pipeline, part of the nf-core pipelines. Results: Our analysis demonstrated that convalescent, moderate, severe and those admitted to the ICU are characterized by different sets of unique RNAseq variants. The data shows that the individuals who recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection have the same set of expressed variants as in the healthy controls. We showed that the healthy and SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals display different sets of expressed varinats which is characteristic of the patient phenotype. Conclusion: The individuals with severe, moderate, those admitted at the ICU, and convalescent individuals display a unique set of variants. The findings in this study will inform the test kit development and SARS-CoV-2 patients classification to enhance management and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our population. Key words: RNAseq, variants, SARS-CoV-2, severe, ICU, moderate


is the energy recovery method. The electrical efficiency of this technology, however, is generally low when compared with other solid fuel-fired combustion plants as a result of low steam propertie ...


The invention discloses a smart office room practical training system based on the IOT (Internet of Things) technology, and the system comprises a flexible work station, a server side, and a mobile terminal. The flexible work station is provided with sensing control equipment, a digital amount collector, a serial port link server, a wireless router, video monitoring equipment, an entrance guard, and an electric meter box. The serial port link server is respectively connected with the digital amount collector, the wireless router, and the entrance guard. The sensing control equipment is connected with the digital amount collector. The wireless router and the video monitoring equipment transmit data. The server side comprises a server PC and a Zigbee coordinator, which are connected mutually. The mobile terminal comprises mobile equipment and a mobile terminal PC. The server PC is connected with the wireless router through a network, and the mobile equipment is connected with the server PC. The sensing control equipment carries out data exchange with the Zigbee coordinator. Through the above mode, the system enables students to master the core technology of a perception layer, a transmission layer and an application layer through integrating a sensor and the technologies of Zigbee, Net and Android.


A dynamical moJel based un cffective Lagrangians is proposed to describe the bremsstrahlung reaction 1rN -t 1rN"'y at low energies. The .6.(1232) degrccs of frcedom are incorporatcd in a way consistent with both. elcctromagnclic gauge invariance and invariance under contact transformations. Thc model 'liso indudes the initial and final state rcscattering 01' hadrons via a T-malrix wilh off Ihe momen!um-shell effects. Tbc douhle dilTcrential dislrihution of pholons is computed for thrcc di1'ferent T -matrix l1lodels and Ihe resulls are compared with the soft phOIOllapproxi mation, and with experimental data. The aim 01'Ihis analysis is (o (esl the olf-shell hchaviour of the different T .matrices undcr considerafion. Finally an alternative simpler dynamical model Ihal incorporates Ihe unslahlc character of Ihe isobar-6.( 1232) through a cornplex mass, is presen(ed. As we will see it is suilable for the study of Ihe magnetic moment (lf (he rcsonancc.


The move towards 'Net Zero', the balance of greenhouse gas emissions produced and removed from the atmosphere, is increasing the complexity of managing distribution networks, with more deployments of low carbon technologies, new markets for flexibility services, and greater monitoring and visibility of the network itself. This has driven the UK's Distribution Network Operators who manage the network, to evolve towards becoming Distribution System Operators, taking on a role more akin to the traditionally more complex Transmission System Operator. In parallel with this development, the data streams utilised by the distribution network control room have also evolved. This paper sets out this evolution by detailing the existing data streams within a typical distribution control room, and how these data streams will need to evolve, as well what new sources of data a future control room will need to accommodate, and finally by identifying novel ways that that value can be created from this data through the use of new 'smart' tools.


A simulation of on-farm broiler production outlined. The simulation determines the cost of building and owning a broiler house plus the cost of the Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) required to maintain the desired house temperature and humidity. The model uses the daily high and low ambient temperatures to determine the amount supplemental heat required. Grower management and construction practices have been evaluated in terms of fuel conservation potential and determine the optimum level of insulation. Limited area brooding can reduce fuel consumption by 56 percent. Increasing the width of the house could reduce fuel costs by 25 cents per broiler and construction costs by 15 cents per broiler. It has been found that the optimum level of insulation is a function grower management practice and the rate inflation associated with fuel cost. The economics associated with the solar heating of broiler houses is also discussed.
 In 1976, the Delmarva Poultry Industry (DPI) produced 380 million broilers. According to a study by the DPI Energy Committee (17), brooding or heating of broiler houses was the largest consumer of energy in the production system. Agricultural Engineers at the University of Delaware have been working with DPI to develop simulation of on-farm broiler production. The simulation has required the development of mathematical descriptions of broiler, the broiler house and the grower management practice. The model is being used to evaluate proposed house construction and grower management strategies terms of cost and energy conservation potential.
 The model is continually revised and ex-published with the approval of the Director the Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station as Misc. Paper No. 800. panded as new questions are posed by DPI. present, the portion of the supplemental heat load derived from ventilation is computed assuming continuous power ventilation. The amount of power ventilation required is determined by the amount of moisture produced in the house. Consideration of ammonia dilution, intermittent power ventilation and infiltration could alter results. When reliable mathematical descriptions of these factors are developed they can be added to the simulation.


A chromium-free inorganic/organic composite passivation solution was prepared with phosphomolybdate solution, waterborne acrylate-modified epoxy resin, vinyltriethoxysilane(VS), and surfactants(SDS + OP-10) as component A and a water-based modified amine curing agent LJ810 as component B. The formulation of component A was determined by orthogonal test and single-factor test as follows: surfactants SDS 5 g/L + OP-10 15 g/L, organic silane coupling agent 60 mL/L, water-based acrylate-modified epoxy resin emulsion 250 mL/L, and phosphomolybdate solution 100 mL/L. The passivation was carried out on galvanized steel using the composite passivation solution.The surface morphology and elemental composition of the composite film obtained thereby were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy,respectively. The corrosion resistance of the composite film was examined by neutral salt spray(NSS) test, lead acetate dropping corrosion test, Tafel polarization curve measurement, and AC impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that the composite film features a level and smooth surface and good adhesion with galvanized steel. The corroded area is 3% for the composite film after 72-h NSS test, indicating that the composite film has comparable corrosion resistance to conventional chromate passivation film.


The problem we discuss is whether mammalian cells possess genes whose expression is specifically enhanced by DNA damage in order to cope with the damage. The paradigm is the SOS response in E. coli. We conclude that there is compelling evidence that DNA-damaging agents do affect gene expression, and that mutation frequencies are increased, but proof that a repair process per se is induced remains elusive. We offer here the hypothesis that recognition of the presence of DNA damage by poly(ADPribose) polymerase effects preprogrammed changes in gene expression.


Mesoscopic low frequency noise in electrical characteristics of disordered conductors is a result of dynamic quantum interference pattern due to motion of defects. This has been firmly established by demonstrating the characteristic partial suppression of the noise amplitude by the dephasing effect of a weak external magnetic field. The spatial correlation of the quantum interference pattern in disordered normal state conductors is invariably limited by the exponential phase relaxation due to inelastic processes. In this paper we develop a quantitative theory of the mesoscopic noise in the s-wave superconducting phase of a strongly disordered superconductor (such that the superconducting coherence length is much longer than the mean free path). We find that the superconducting coherence length limits the quantum interference effects in superconductors. However, in contrast to the normal phase, the decay of the phase relaxation on the scale of the superconducting coherence length is non-exponential. This unusual slow relaxation manifests in the enhanced amplitude of the mesoscopic noise in superconductors and a peculiar non-linear scaling of the amplitude with the strength/number of mobile defects in very thin superconducting films and wires (effectively 2D and 1D with respect to the superconducting coherence length). Mesoscopic noise sets a natural limit on the quality of kinetic inductance elements.


Subject. The article considers the peculiarities of company analysis for the purposes of making optimal management decisions by insurers (clients of credit insurers), when working with counterparties on deferred payment terms.
Objectives. The aim is to disclose the process of analysis of financial and non-financial indexes of the company to simulate business processes and identify promising areas of its development.
Methods. The study rests on comparative, statistical, formal-logical methods of research.
Results. The paper presents a detailed analysis of financial results and some non-financial parameters of three Russian pharmaceutical distributors, with the disclosure of the process of related indicators estimation. Special attention is on the dynamics of indicators, which characterize business activity, financial stability, efficiency of resource utilization and employee performance.
Conclusions. Granting a deferred payment to counterparties is an important component of trade relations between suppliers (insurers) and buyers. Moreover, working with the counterparty on deferred payment requires a thorough analysis of its financial position, as well as a number of non-quantitative parameters that may affect the activities of the subject in a constantly changing economic environment. Complex diagnostics by the credit insurer of all these factors is the basis for establishing the insurance credit limit, within which the insurer can grant trade loans.


THE sardines, locally called Choodai, constitute one of the important groups of fishes supporting the fisheries of the Mandapam area. Sardinella albella and Sardinella gibbosa are the two important species forming the fishery. Previous studies on sardines in the area include observations made by Devanesan (1932) on the food and feeding habits and Chacko (1946) on the bionomics of S. gibbosa. Investigations have been in progress since 1952 at the Central Marine Fisheries Research Station (Sekharan, 1955 and 1959) on the Choodai fishery. The present study was undertaken from May 1958 to March 1960 as a continuation of the work.


This paper analyzes the feature modeling technology of the auto panel die, describes the typical feature extraction and classification, the features relationship. It establishes the frame of the feature modeling system, shows an example with two modeling method.


Joel Slemrod is Paul W. McCracken Collegiate Professor of Business Economics and Public Policy and Director of the Office of Tax Policy Research at the University of Michigan. His research has focused on the evaluation of tax systems and their consequences, with emphasis on the issues raised by avoidance and evasion. He is a Past President of the National Tax Association and Editor of the National Tax Journal, and is now a Co-Editor of the Journal of Public Economics. He is a co-author of Taxing Ourselves: A Citizen's Guide to the Debate over Taxes, now in its fourth edition.


Micro-actuator has a wide application prospect in bioengineering and optical engineering.Aiming at the problem of complicated structure and uneasy control,a category of partially decoupled 6 degrees of freedom 3-PRRS manipulator is proposed.The equation of inverse kinematics was established based on Euler transformation under proper coordinate system and the workspace under different orientations were simulated by Matlab through three dimensional boundary search method,it shows that the working range of the machine is about few hundred microns.Choosing the size of workspace as the optimum objective,structural parameters influencing the size of workspace were analyzed by means of singleton method.Compared with the length change of passive links,the links'variation of positive revolve joint have greater influence on the workspace,and the peak value is improved about 33%.Micro-actuator workspace reaches the maximum value in case that the circumradius proportion of the under platform and the upper platform is1.7.


Abstract : Microdensitometric film reduction, analysis and display techniques, and digital computer analysis and display were applied to solar surface radiance data. Photographs of sunspot activity were converted to isophote contour maps and ditital optical density arrays recorded on magnetic tape. Edge discrimination and background-correction procedures were developed to semi-automatically determine sunspot area and integrated light deficit from these digital data. Sample results of the methods developed are given.


Herein, we design a wideband waveguide Butler matrix in order to use in a multi-port amplifiers(MPAs) at Ka-band. To achieve the broadband characteristic, we design a binomial 6-slot 3 dB directional coupler which is used to configure the Butler matrix. The measured results of the fabricated Butler matrix have low insertion loss of less than 0.3 dB, good return loss of over 26 dB and high isolation of over 35 dB within the design bandwidth of 3 GHz.


This paper presents a review of clinical studies that deal with cognitive deficit and hypoglycemia induced by insulin in children. The "PubMed" database was used with the objective of detecting the most recent publications in the area that deal with the impact of hypoglycemia in the cognitive performance. As indicated in most clinical studies, the cognitive impediment that occurs in children receiving insulin-therapy is caused by hypoglycemia. The majority of studies also indicate that the cognitive deficit caused by hypoglycemia involve multiple factors, including the duration, intensity and frequency of hypoglycemia. Besides that, the age when the diabetes mellitus type 1 starts also influence the cognitive performance, since the early beginning of the disease is a predisposing factor for hypoglycemia. The results of this article offer support to the hypothesis that there is a strong correlation between the cerebral damage caused by hypoglycemia and the cognitive deterioration. Thus, a more careful follow-up and education are needed to prevent and treat hypoglycemia in children with diabetes mellitus.


We investigated the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on the expression of α2- and β2-adrenergic responses in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. HGF (1 and 5ng/ml) rapidly stimulated the expression of β2-adrenergic responses and significantly increased α2-adrenergic responses with a maximal response at 21h. The stimulatory effects of HGF were reduced dependent on the initial plating density and were completely blocked by cycloheximide (5μM). On the other hand, PDGF (10ng/ml) significantly increased the β2-adrenergic response, but only slightly increased the α2-adrenergic responses. Expression of the α2- and β2-adrenergic responses by PDGF was independent of the initial plating density. The expression of these responses was blocked by cycloheximide (5μM). Northern blot analysis of the hepatocyte mRNA showed increased expression induced by the HGF and PDGF of the both α2- and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNA, and this expression was inhibited by actinomycin D (5ng/ml). These results indicate that the expression of α2- and β2-adrenergic responses produced by these two growth factors is regulated differently by the cell density of the primary cultures. The results suggest that the expression of α2- and β2-adrenergic responses is mediated through increased synthesis of these receptor proteins.


The main aim of this paper is to find the critical path by using triangular fuzzy numbers, Fuzzy total float, free float and Independent floats are introduced and we discussed this with the suitable examples.


Arabic Cursive handwriting recognition is challengi ng for many important and real-world applications such as document authentica tion, form processing, postal address identification, bank check recognition, manuscripts recognition , interpretation of historical documents and Islamic ma nuscripts. Therefore, in the last few decades, researchers and research centers have put an enormous effort into developing various and robust techniques but limi ed for handwriting recognition of small and medium documents. This chap ter reviews existing handwriting recognition techniques and the current sta e of the art in cursive handwriting recognition and presents various hardwa e solutions for large scale Arabic handwritten character recognition system . This work deals with offline distributed handwriting recognition system based o n distributed computing architecture. We present a pattern recognition system for large amount of document for isolated handwritten Arabic words. Our recognition system is a Distributed Optical Cha racter Recognition (DOCR) application via distributed computing architec ture. The originality of our approach is the way we deal with large amount o f Arabic Manuscript to digitize . We have introduced a new Arabic Handwritin g Pattern Recognition designed to take advantage of distributed computing a rchitecture. We have demonstrated that our approach present a very interest ing framework which can lead to the implementation of powerful and speedup handw riting Pattern Recognition Systems. The experiments were conducted on the Omnivore plat form: Grid computing Meta-Scheduling system and P2P Technologies in the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Marburg, Germany, with a real large scaled dataset from the IFN/ENIT database. Experimental results prove the validity of our appr oach to speed up the pattern recognition process.


Results are presented marked in digital values or graphically of investigation of the ion-capture function of the thyroid gland with the help of a 10-min test of I/sup 131/ absorption. The obtained results were compared with those of determination of this function with /sup 99m/Tc. Observations were made on over 55 patients suffering from thyrotoxicosis with different degrees of aggravation, 18 patients with hypothyrosis, and 7 patients with acute nonsuppurative thyroiditis. The results of investigation in cases of thyrotoxicosis before treatment were not changed against the background of using thyrostatic means (derivatives of thiouria and mercaptoimidasole) and also after treatment on reaching a cuthyroid condition. All this makes the 10-minute test highly valuable for the diagnosis in complicated cases. In patients with hypothyrosis the indices of the 10-minute test were close to the norm. The results of investigation of the ion-capture function of the thyroid gland with / sup 99m/Tc are almost similar to those obtained with the help of determination of a ten-minute absorption of /sup 131/I. The advantages of the mentioned test are in its graphical recording of the results and also in its possibility of being made in parallel with determination of absorption in standard terms thatmore » is necessary for judging about the hormoneforming function of the thyroid gland. (auth)« less


Dyslipidemia as a risk factor in the elderly and its influence on morbidity and mortality remains a topic, at least, controversial for this population range. Statins, due to their LDL-c reducing effect, can improve other conditions that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of elderly patients. These pleitropic effects are of vital importance in the anti-atherosclerotic effect of statins. Pleitropic properties may also be involved in the non-cardiovascular benefits of statins, recently described. The similarity of pathological processes between middle-aged individuals and elderly people over 65 years of age, together with epidemiological data, confer that high cholesterol levels lead to a high risk in the elderly. Angiographic studies show that, even with advanced circulatory disease, the elderly respond to cholesterol-reducing therapy, with reduced risk. Dyslipidemia plays a key role in the progression of coronary artery disease and is an important predictor of coronary artery disease related events in elderly individuals. Statins are widely accepted as effective therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Although studies are limited, such benefits should also be extended to elderly patients. Statins are widely accepted as effective therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Although studies are limited, such benefits should also be extended to elderly patients. Taking into account the spectacular growth of the population over 65 years of age, including the increased longevity and knowing that if the current conditions of eating error, physical inactivity and inadequate treatment are modified, statin therapy undoubtedly represents a highly positive influence on the survival of this population group described.


The construction of a zone-leveling apparatus is described. The apparatus was tested with the binary system naphthalene and 2-naphthol. The experimental concentration distribution profiles in the zone-leveled ingots are compared with profiles calculated by the theory of Kirgintsev and Kudrin. The concentration distribution measured in the polycrystalline zoneleveled ingots shows a variation of 0.01 mole fraction in the uniform part of the ingot. The isothermal initial melting behaviour of uniform solid solutions of naphthalene and 2-naphtol is described.


The condition of self-adjointness ensures that the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian are real and bounded below. Replacing this condition by the weaker condition of $\mathrm{PT}$ symmetry, one obtains new infinite classes of complex Hamiltonians whose spectra are also real and positive. These $\mathrm{PT}$ symmetric theories may be viewed as analytic continuations of conventional theories from real to complex phase space. This paper describes the unusual classical and quantum properties of these theories.


One of the major problems of controlled environment chambers is that of obtaining light of sufficient quantity and adequate quality for optimum plant growth. Various lamps are available for this purpose. As new lamps are developed they are continually improved and provide better sources of light for growing plants. We conducted the test described herein to evaluate the growth of selected forage species under three different light regimes in the phytotron of the Hokkaido National Agricultural Experiment Station.


The patient was a 28-year-old woman who was admitted to the Emergency Unit of Taleghani Hospital, Tehran with the chief complaints of severe abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. She had a history of vague abdominal pain from several months before admission and had been referred by her physician to a private radiology clinic for a diagnostic barium enema examination. This was done in the morning of her admission day. Her husband requested a female technician to insert the rectal tube and since there was no female technician available at the time, the radiologist simply asked his office secretary to do so. The patient went in to shock from severe pain and started having rectal bleeding, a condition that she had never experienced before. The procedure was completed and she was referred to the hospital. On admission, the patient was stable with normal vital signs. She developed lower abdominal and back pain with no rebound tenderness. On inspection, she had a 1.5 to 2 cm localized perineal laceration, midway between the anus and tip of the coccyx from which there was a mild oozing (Figure 1). Plain X-ray revealed contrast extravasation in the pelvic area (Figure 2). After proper preparation, the patient was taken to the operating room with preoperative diagnosis of bowel perforation. Rectosigmoidoscopy and laparotomy under general anesthesia were performed. Laparotomy showed no evidence of bowel perforation. The barium had been introduced into the presacral space by a forceful perforation of the perineal skin causing retroperitoneal irritation. Presacral drains were inserted and the area was irrigated with normal saline. Postoperatively, she recovered slowly and was discharged with regular follow-up visits. Six months later, she complained of pain in her left flank and an intravenous pyelogram showed left hydronephrosis and hydroureter (Figure 3). Her Case Report


Bias and discrimination against people with obesity create obstacles to quality patient care. Language used for this disease contributes to the problem. People-first language is the standard for respectfully addressing people with chronic disease, rather than labeling them by their illness. Because of the importance of reducing bias associated with obesity, The Obesity Society and all members of the Obesity Care Continuum have affirmed people-first language as the standard for their publications and programs.


The Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) was developed to support ultra high-speed ground based image processing. The architecture comprises an array unit (ARU) which processes arrays of data; an array control unit (ACU) which controls the operation of the ARU and performs scalar arithmetic; front-end computers which control the flow of data; and a unique staging memory (SM) which buffers and permutes data. The ARU contains a 128 by 128 array of bit-serial processing elements (PE's). Two-by-four subarrays of PE's are packaged in a custom VLSI HCMOS chip. The staging memory is a large multidimensional-access memory whose primary purpose is to perform a "corner-turning" operation which converts data stored in conventional format to the bit plane format required for ARU processing.


We present three front-end ICs implemented in 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process that meet or exceed the specifications for 1.25 Gb/s fiber-based gigabit Ethernet. The two-stage differential transimpedance amplifier utilizes bondwire based inductive peaking to attain 1.1 GHz bandwidth. The quantizer employs novel modified Cherry-Hooper architecture to achieve a 52 dB dynamic range and 1.5 GHz bandwidth. The laser driver features on chip automatic laser power control circuitry and provides up to 40 mA of modulation current at 1.25 Gb/s.


The scientific production, in the field of education, constantly refers to linkage as a special condition to develop research. However, its meaning and the way to achieve that condition are not always clear, particularly for those who are in a training stage of research in education. Meanwhile, the academic production reviewers consider linkage as a very important aspect and essential characteristic of any research project. This paper suggests that linkage involves an epistemological discussion on the research factors in each one of the research stages, such as the construction of the object of study, the definition of methodology, and the data analysis and interpretation, among the most important stages. Linkage takes shape in a written product showing the results from an orderly construction and communication of thought, according to the rules established in a particular field of knowledge.


Comment.-There are several interesting points about this case. She is the subject of congenital heart disease (? patent foramen ovale) and had led a full life up to 1941, when she was in the bombing of Coventry. Since a hysterectomy for menorrhagia in 1947 her existence has been that of an invalid, punctuated by febrile episodes, in one of which scattered but transient petechial h2emorrhages were found in the skin. Searching investigations failed to prove subacute bacterial endocarditis.


HIS paper is concerned with Dr. Zuurdeeg's view of the nature of philosophy in general and of an analytic philosophy of religion in particular.' It will be argued that it is possible to avoid the dilemma he presents. Whereas he implies that all philosophers accept either the idealist conception of philosophy as a deductive and conclusive superscience or else a linguistic-analytic conception, the attempt will here be made to slip between the horns of this dilemma and to employ a third method of doing philosophy, more traditional than either of the others. Accordingly, we shall examine (1) his criticism of the idealist conception, (2) his modification of the analytic conception, and (3) the third alternative to be developed. 1. The "idealist" is said to take philosophy as a means of establishing "by the use of reason, the true meaning of life, the real value of things, the intrinsic nature of the universe, the Absolute, or God." It is a "higher" way, calling people to a higher life, and harmonizing all realms of experience.2 It should be noted that this is not simply philosophy "in the grand style" seeking a broad, interrelated overview; it suggests a dogmatic system, complete and inflexible; it is a means of establishing and attaining, by pure reason, the absolute nature of reality and value. It may be noted that such a conception of philosophy describes only some, not all, non-linguistic philosophers. The ideal of philosophy as a deductive, purely rational science, seems for example to be foreign to Socrates, to Aristotle-perhaps also to Plato -foreign to Kant, to Mill, to Scottish realsm and its twentieth-century heirs. But it is understandable that one confessing the Christian faith should find it objectionable and be tempted to "discover" its workings in less ambitious metaphysicians. In effect, it would replace creaturely modesty with godlike self-confidence and the conflicts of rel gion with the higher synthesis of philosophy-as was implied in Hegel's dialectical view of history. Accordingly, Professor Zuurdeeg asserts that "convictional world views replace convictors," so that "many people no longer believe, strictly speaking, in a God but in a Weltanschauung."3 We learn that "man-speaking-metaphysically regards philosophy as a savior," because "a closed system demands a philosophysavior."4


Best available technology (BAT) should be used for peat extraction runoff purification. One currently used BAT technique is treatment wetland construction on pristine peatland, but under Finnish national strategies, new peat extraction areas should only be established on previously drained peatland and it can be challenging to find natural, intact peatland for treatment wetlands near these areas. This thesis evaluated the function and purification efficiency of treatment wetlands constructed on drained peatland and examined factors that could indicate their purification efficiency. The year-round removal efficiency of treatment wetlands established in drained or pristine peatland areas in a cold climate was also studied. A first study examined the water flow processes in treatment wetlands constructed on drained peatland. In more than 50% of the 20 wetlands studied, the active flow depth was under 20 cm and water distribution was unequal. A second study determined the purification efficiency of treatment wetlands constructed on drained peatland and examined factors indicating removal efficiency. The removal efficiency of suspended solids and inorganic nitrogen was good, but in some wetlands leaching of phosphorus and iron was observed, e.g. due to changes in peat properties, first after drainage and then after rewetting, altering e.g., oxygen conditions in the peat layer. The surface peat content of elements such as phosphorus, iron, aluminum, magnesium, manganese, and calcium can be used as a proxy to assess leaching of phosphorus. A third study examined the year-round purification efficiency of treatment wetlands based on peat extraction load monitoring program values. Seasonal variation in the purification efficiency of constructed wetlands was observed for total nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn). Based on these results, it is possible to evaluate the suitability of different drained peatland areas for water purification purposes. Treatment wetlands were shown to generally purify runoff water during winter mainly as well as in other seasons, except for nitrogen and CODMn, but there may be variations between wetlands.


Dear Sir: low hydraulic permeability, low permeability to medium-large molecular weight solutes and low biocompatibility are the well known limits of cuprophan membranes. These limits have led to the development and use in clinical practice of high flux membranes such as polysulphon, polyamide and polyacrilonitrile. All these new synthetic membranes have high permeability to water and solutes and show a significantly lower immuno-response of the patient to the bloodmembrane contact. We have recently studied the immunofluorescent pattern of different membranes, after their use in hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration, to investigate the protein adsorption phenomenon on the membrane and to detect the possible factors involved in this process. All synthetic membranes displayed at the immunofluorescence a positive pattern for IgG (++), IgM (++-), IgA (++-) and C3 (--). The protein adsorption seems to involve not only the skin layer of these asymmetric membranes, but also the macropore structure of the surrounding layer. It has been demonstrated that a marked reduction in UF rates may occur in synthetic membranes due to the concentration polarization phenomenon (protein cake). In order to avoid this phenomenon, we wanted to control our observation on membranes exposed to blood circulation operating with zero ultrafiltration rate (UF port clamped). The immunofluorescent pattern was still positive


In Semiconductor Manufacturing, inline Inspection monitoring by Brightfield and Darkfield scan tool platform is a 2nd line of defence to detect abnormal events to prevent defectivity escape to Wafer Sort or Assembly Test. Early detection and good process tool coverage are essential to the quality of wafers. These have to be balanced with competitive cycle time and cost. There are many newer scan tool, software and manufacturing systems available today that can optimize this sampling monitoring. As a legacy 200mm foundry wafer fab, system upgrade may not be feasible or can be expensive. As a result, an innovative solution had to be developed in order to stay relevant in the semiconductor industry. This paper introduces an inline inspection sampling Artificial Intelligent (AI) methodology to ensure maximum process tool scan coverage without additional CAPEX cost - getting more out from the same capacity; getting more coverage with same scan capacity and improve line of defence.


Today, people are highly mobile and identify themselves with various places. Mobility affects the decisions that a person makes about his or her final resting place and how his or her remains will be disposed. A semistructured, face-to-face interview is conducted with residents of Paris and Madrid. Data analyses consist of content analysis and correspondence analysis. The choice of corpse disposal method is related to one's religious affiliation and the spouse's decision for his or her own disposal method. The choice of final resting place is related to mobility, degree of attachment to the actual place of residence and to one's birthplace, and parents' decision for their final resting place. Younger and more mobile people prefer cremation as a burial procedure. Future research should consider how place identity and place appropriation contribute to one's choice of a final resting place.