The present paper focuses modern architecture of Sao Paulo and the workmanships of pioneering architects linked to the so called "Paulista School", in the period between 1940 and 1960, looking forward to demonstrate the sustainable concern of the designs carried through at this time. Architectural fitness has always been present in this city, the biggest industrial and economic, center in Brazil, with a different context from other cities in Brazil. When modern movement in architecture was introduced, a new attitude of design concerned environment acquired more strength and vigor, becoming evident by the use of architectural elements such as shading devices, panels, shutters, latticework and by a sensible implantation and buildings orientation. Outstanding models can be checked within the works of well-known architects of Sao Paulo. As their buildings could not support "active" devices and resources due to financial and technical difficulties in an incipient building industry, original and creative solutions were proposed with the only use of available materials and human resources. Thus they can be considered pioneering in matters of the sustainability, either on bioclimatic approach or in the efficient use of the material resources, but in its brainstorming that confers to the Sao Paulo architecture a cultural identity.


In several previous issues of the MATHEMATICS MAGAZINE, we have disclissed the factorization of integers by the use of integral binary quadratic forms. In this paper, we analyze our previous work along with some of the modern advances in number theory in order that we may develop an elementary approach, not only for the factorization of integers, but also as an aid in the determination of primes. Before continuing, we introduce the following transformation: Let M= r1r2, where ri and r2 are any pair of integral factors of M, be an integer properly represented in form,


This diploma thesis is focused on proposal of seat construction for patients in ambulances. Principal aim of this work is proposal of seat, which will be attested by acceptance test. In essay are performed analytical calculations and calculations with final element method. Both of these methods are evaluated in conclusion.


Seventeenth Century: Dutch Beginnings. Eighteenth Century: Georgian Architecture and a Revolution. The Federal Style. Nineteenth Century: Greek Revival. Temples of Commerce and Houses of Industry. Churches: From Temple Fronts to Statue Columns. Cast-Iron Buildings, Their Legacy, and the Palazzo Style. The Tallest Building in the World, 1913-30: The Woolworth Building. Fashionable Dwellings. Theaters. The New York Port Comes of Age. Art Deco Skyscrapers. Rockefeller Center: Innovation in Urban Planning. Graves, Gardens, and Parks. The Picturesque Point of View: Fonthill Castle, Firehouses, and the Seventh Regiment Armory. "O Harp and Altar": The Brooklyn Bridge. Glossary. Bibliography. Index.


Based on the analysis of the metallogenetic characteristics of the strata yielding Pb-Zn deposits in Ningnan region,11 database layers,e. g. geology databases,geochemistry and ore deposit(s occurrences)data- bases are abstracted and constructed by the Arc-WofE system. Five potential areas for Pb-Zn deposits are delineated,with evidence weight modeling. It shows that the evidence weight model is easy to realize and higher in reliablilily for prediction. Integrating the Arc-WofE system,the efficiency and accuracy of modeling predication are obviously improved.


This article proposes that Caribbean cinema needs to be understood in relation to the concept of créolité, that is, the configuration and constant reinvention—the imaging and imagining—of transnational cultural communities emerging from or historically connected to the Caribbean. Cinematic créolité becomes apparent in the historical revisions, narrative constructions, and cinematic representations that engage Caribbean social, political, and cultural syncretism. In this sense, the formation and constant transformation of Caribbean hybrid cultures can be traced through different narrative and representational tactics, especially those connected to Afro-diasporic communities. As a result, these films rescue and give voice to many of the stories and cultural manifestations that have been suppressed, erased or forgotten by Eurocentric and normative versions of the region's history.


In the present paper, applications of Trefftz finite element method to Mode III problems is presented by way of special purpose functions, auxiliary functions, and a modified variational principle. Trial functions for interpolating intraelement stresses and displacements are introduced and used to derive Trefftz finite element formulation of Mode III problems. In particular, a special purpose element model is presented to represent those elements containing a crack, which can satisfy accurately the fracture behavior of element on crack faces and at crack tips. Furthermore, auxiliary functions are adopted near crack tips to improve computing accuracy. The performance of the proposed element formulation is assessed by an example of a rectangular plate with a side mode III crack, and comparison is made with those obtained by conventional finite element model or by other approaches. The effect of special T-complete system on fracture behavior is also examined.


2014 Using the technique of electron spectrometry and the synchrotron radiation of the storage ring ACO, the photoionization of helium has been investigated between 69 and 150 eV. The probability to leave the residual ion in the n = 2 excited state has been measured as a function of photon energy. The absolute partial photoionization cross section for this process has been determined and found to be in good agreement with recent Multiconfigurational Many-Body Calculations. Tome 41 No 16 15 AOUT 1980 LE JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE-LETTRES J. Physique LETTRES 41 (1980) L-373 L-37~ 15 AOUT 1980,


Objective In order to verify Wenchuan experience and argue the progress and defects of national emergency management system, the emergency management of Yushu earthquake was compared with that of Wenchuan earthquake.It will provide evidences for further improving the emergency management system in China.Methods The information and data of Yushu earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake were collected from the official website and media network.Based on the information and data of Yushu earthquake, it was compared with Wenchuan experience.Descriptive analysis methods were used to demonstrate the emergency management of earthquake disaster.Results With the experience gained from Wenchuan earthquake , the emergency rescue, emergency response and reconstruction, the emergency management of Yushu earthquake were more rapid , orderly and effective.However, there were no significant improvement of the prevention and early warning in the emergency management of Yushu earthquake.Conclusions Wenchuan experience played an important role in Yushu emergency rescue and it was verified in Yushu emergency response.Comparing the four phases of emergency management between Yushu earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake, we think that prevention and early warning still need to be developed and strengthened, while response and reconstruction have been greatly improved although they are still insufficient.


Glass bottles, suitable as containers for drinks, such as beer and fruit juice, are coated with a single layer of a thermally cured material formed of a powdery compo sition comprising a mixture of (i) a blocked organic polyisocyanate and (ii) a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer and/or a carboxyl-modified version of said hydrolyzed copolymer. The coated bottles are highly effective in the prevention of scattering of glass fragments in the event of breakage and excellent in clarity, alkali resistance, abrasion resistance, scratch resistance and weathering quality.


Coal- and shale-derived product oils differ from petroleum crudes by being more highly aromatic and by containing a greater quantity of heteroatomic species. Catalytic hydrogenation (hydrotreatment) is commonly used to improve both handling and use properties. In this study, the basic and neutral polar compounds of a crude coal derived liquid and three products from this crude which have been subjected to low, medium, and high severity hydrotreatment have been isolated and chemically characterized to determine whether hydrotreatment resulted in a selective reduction of a few N-containing and aromatic components or a general reduction of all components. 8 tables.


The present invention is a backlight unit for preventing the light leakage due to the wedge-shaped light guide plate used is disclosed. The backlight unit of the invention as set forth are connected to the second region and the first and second regions of the first region and a thin plate shape than the first thickness adjacent to the at least one light source, the light source and having a first thickness and the a wedge (wedge) portion having a light guide plate and a light source from the first region to be gradually progressively thinner thickness in the second region is mounted, including a flexible circuit board extending from the wedge portion of the one side portion guide plate and the flexible circuit board has a first region and the boundary region and the corresponding region between the wedge portion is characterized in that grooves are formed.


This thesis adresses a lack engagement with the role of agency in the literature on urban sustainability transitions and urban experiments. By introducing the trinity of change agency framework from economic geography a hypothesis of how agentic processes can be conceptualized for urban sustainability transitions is developed. The framework allows to adress the shortcomings of the existing literature which fails to adress why UST take place in specific locations and tend to prescribe specific roles to actors based on their position in socio-technical systems. The hypothesis is tested in a case study of the ElectriCity project in Gothenburg, Sweden, an urban experiment aimed at developing and testing the use of electric busses in order to induce change in the city's transport system. The case study reveals that processes in urban experiments can be well explained by a combination of place-based leadership, institutional and innovative entrepreneurship. However, actors take ambiguous roles, implying that they can not be pre-ascribed specific types of agency.


While Canadians have been called an "unmilitary people," Canada has played a significant role in many wars, from South Africa to Korea, and has been able to mobilize its resources to meet the demands of war. This paper concentrates entirely on the mobilization of military personnel: the process of moving armed forces from peacetime to wartime levels. Its analysis centers on the internal and external factors that influence force requirements and availability and on the means of filling the inevitable gaps between peacetime and wartime needs. Canada's mobilization policies are currently emerging from a period of neglect and must resolve the traditional tendencies of an unmilitary people with the demands of modern conventional war.


The article deals with a photoelectric method of measuring the intensity of a beam of light at any point of its cross‐sectional area. The application of this method led to the production of a light beam the intensity of which over an area 30 cm×30 cm varied by less than one‐third percent.


In an attempt to close the gaps between diaspora and regional studies an Afro-Asian comparative perspective on African and Indian identity will be explored in the countries of Guyana and South Africa. The overlying aim of the ethnographic research will be to see whether blackness can be used as a unifier to those belonging to enslaved and indentured diasporas. Comparisons will be made between the two race models of the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean worlds. A substantial portion will be set aside for a critique of the concept of Coolitude including commentary on V.S. Naipaul. Further, mixing, creolization, spirituality and the cultural politics of Black Consciousness, multiculturalism, and dreadlocks will be exemplified as AfroAsian encounters.


Identifying early predictors of weight loss is key for developing personalized treatment. However, few individual factors have been identified that predict weight loss during intervention, other than early weight loss itself.


Results of measurements of the dielectric constant, dielectric nonlinearity and spontaneous polarization of tri-glycine sulfate are given. These data demonstrate clearly that this material exhibits a second-order ferroelectric transition. The properties discussed are described in terms of the usual expansion of the free energy in even powers of the polarization F(P,T)=F(O,T)+A(T-T
 0
)P
 2
+BP
 4
+CP
 6
, where A,T
 0
,B and C are constants and T and P are the temperature and polarization, respectively. From the various data taken it is found that A=1.96×10
 −3
(°C)
 −1
, T
 0
=49.8°C,B=2.0×10
 −10
(esu/cm
 2
)
 -2
and C=8.4×10
 −19
(esu/cm
 2
)
 −4
. From these results the nonlinearity of the dielectric constant above the Curie point is calculated at various temperatures.


This type of problem always bothered me because I knew that it would invariably lead to the question of why we want to know the value of c, and I could never think of a good answer. The fact is, as a search of most standard calculus textbooks soon reveals, that while the mean value the orem is essential for the proofs of such important results as the fundamental theo rem of the calculus and the mean value theorem for integrals, it is the existence of such a c rather than its actual value that is needed.


The biocompatible of hydroxyapatite is very well, it is a kind of repair and replacement material of bone. The paper reviews the research status of hydroxyapatite thin film synthesized by magnetron sputtering.The character and mechanism of the film are introduced. Then the influential factors of the film's quality are analysed. The problems of the research of hydroxyapatite thin film synthesized by magnetron sputtering are represented. Finally, the prospect of the hydroxyapatite thin film are discussed.


Teaching evaluation refers to the process of measuring and giving value judgment to the process and results of teaching activities by using effective technical means. Through teaching evaluation, teachers can direct the teaching process to develop toward the predetermined goal and effectively complete the teaching task. This paper investigates the function of teaching evaluation in the Machine Translation course in Northeastern University. The function of teaching evaluation for teachers includes adjustment, diagnosis, teaching stimulation, and orientation. The function of teaching evaluation for students includes feedback, guidance, intensification, and purpose orientation. This paper also discusses the influence of teaching evaluation on the psychology of both, teachers and students. Positive evaluation can improve the enthusiasm of teachers and students, but other times, it may reduce their enthusiasm, whereas when negative evaluation and guidance are appropriate, the enthusiasm of teachers and students may improve. This research reveals that a reasonable teaching evaluation plays a huge role in promoting the psychology of both, teachers and students.


DURING the 1990s in Iraq, the number of cows declined by 34 per cent, the number of buffaloes by 46 per cent, the number of sheep by 42 per cent and the number of goats by 81 per cent ([FAO 1995][1]). The main cause of this decline was collapse of the veterinary infrastructure, including disease


The principal target of this research was to describe the characteristics of the anterior-posterior and lateral muscular endurance of the lumbo-pelvic complex in adolescent students aged 15-17 attending secondary school basic Calasanz Pereira. Were performed muscle endurance test antero-posterior and lateral trunk to estimate the duration for each test and to be compared to estudies on the resistance the risk profile according to the times validated by McGill, the students rated. Finally, it was observed that students have an imbalance of muscle antero-posterior and lateral, with a greater emphasis on the female gender where evidence, according to test results, low resistance of the extensor muscles of the spine, reaching to be possible predisposing factor imbalance in trunk muscle endurance, a predictor of back pain according to the references studied.


Since the identification of the Philadelphia chromosome almost 40 years ago, the study of specific chromosomal alterations in human cancer has had a major impact on the diagnosis of, and choice of treatment for, patients with haematological and other malignancies (Heim & Mitelman, 1995; Look, 1997). Karyotype analysis to identify chromosomal rearrangements is now a routine part of the diagnostic work-up for newly diagnosed and relapsed leukaemia patients. Due to years of correlative studies, many leukaemia-specific rearrangements can be used quite accurately for risk stratification and, in turn, to choose appropriate therapy. This paradigm has been demonstrated in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) (reviewed by Rubnitz & Crist, 1997). For example, ALL patients with the t(1;19) translocation were initially found to be at higher risk of treatment failure. Treatment of these patients with more aggressive combinations of chemotherapy has resulted in long-term cure rates comparable to those of children with standard-risk ALL. In addition to serving as diagnostic and prognostic markers, recurring rearrangements are providing intriguing clues about the molecular events underlying leukaemogenesis. The cloning and functional analysis of genes whose structure or expression is altered as a result of chromosomal rearrangements is yielding unprecedented insights into the mechanism(s) of neoplastic transformation (Look, 1997). Among cancer-related chromosomal aberrations that are shedding new light on the origins of


We present a hybrid intercalation battery based on a sodium/magnesium (Na/Mg) dual salt electrolyte, metallic magnesium anode, and a cathode based on FeS2 nanocrystals (NCs). Compared to lithium or sodium, metallic magnesium anode is safer due to dendrite-free electroplating and offers extremely high volumetric (3833 mAh cm–3) and gravimetric capacities (2205 mAh g–1). Na-ion cathodes, FeS2 NCs in the present study, may serve as attractive alternatives to Mg-ion cathodes due to the higher voltage of operation and fast, highly reversible insertion of Na-ions. In this proof-of-concept study, electrochemical cycling of the Na/Mg hybrid battery was characterized by high rate capability, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8%, and high energy density. In particular, with an average discharge voltage of ∼1.1 V and a cathodic capacity of 189 mAh g–1 at a current of 200 mA g–1, the presented Mg/FeS2 hybrid battery delivers energy densities of up to 210 Wh kg–1, comparable to commercial Li-ion batteries and approximat...


This paper presents the UPABOT- humanoid robot teleoperation and biped platform using the Kinect sensor. The user controls the movements of the robots through the Kinect sensor, acquiring the position of the main joints of your body. A simulation using OpenGL libraries was performed, which illustrate the skeleton view of the person and the 3D robot. By means of the inverse kinematic analysis are generated the reference signals control of the UPABOT humanoid robot and Biped robot.


Australia has taken an international lead in recognition of the importance of psychosocial care for cancer patients and in the associated development of evidence-based best practice recommendations. The guidelines provide practical advice to health professionals about effective psychosocial interventions to alleviate the significant burden experienced by patients. Strategies have been undertaken nationally to promote adoption of best practice recommendations across a number of psychosocial guideline areas. Current and future initiatives should aim to further promote the integration of psychosocial care into mainstream cancer care.


This work is a translation from French of the memoir "Connaissance actuelle des orbites dans le problème des trois corps" written by Elis Strömgren in 1933 about his research at the Copenhagen observatory. This work is often referred to in contemporary works however it appears to be only available in French. This is a modest attempt by the authors to make this paper more accessible, which we have attempted primarily for our own illumination. Any discrepancies between the original and this translation are personal translation choice or omission by us.


It seems that beauty and women are twins. You are joking? No, I am not. Observe for yourself. Ads on fashion flood TV screens, radio programs, magazines, newspapers, and the streets. Whether they have realized or not, women are besieged by a sea of fashions. They are taught to think that without beautiful clothes they will grow old and lose their charm. So who dares to neglect dressing up at the cost of their appearance and youth?


The use of deep convolutional neural networks is very common in computer graphics. With this, methods for exploiting knowledge in other fields are also developing. Finding plagiarism among student source codes is challenging, especially when students have the same assignment. In this case, we try to find differences between two semantically identical codes at the level of syntax, approach, or just style. This paper aims to visualize binary codes and verify if it is possible to detect plagiarism using deep convolution neural networks. Using the siamese network, we trained a neural network to evaluate the similarity between the two programs. The training data for our network are the ICPC competition submissions for which we can be confident of their authorship. The overall success rate of our model consistently reaches 75 to 80 % accuracy, which mainly shows that the visualization of inherently non-graphical entities (like source code) can be useful in the application of neural networks designed primarily for graphical purposes.


Background: A distomolar is a supernumerary tooth that is located distal to the third molars. They appear more frequently in men than in women. Several theories had been suggested to explain this phenomenon with the "Dental Lamina Hyperactivity Theory" to be the most accepted. Supernumerary molars (distomolars) are usually impacted. They can be associated with complications or stay asymptomatic.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of distomolar teeth among dental patients reported to the Radiology Department Dental Section Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta.
Methods: This descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Dental Radiology Department. Data were obtained from digital panoramic radiographs of patients who reported to the Radiology Department Dental Section in Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta from 1st January 2019 till 31st December 2019.
Results: Among 500 panoramic radiographs 6 (0.012%) distomolars were noted, 4 (0.8%) were detected in maxilla 1 (0.2%) in mandible and 1 (0.2%) recorded in both jaws. 5 (1%) were noted impacted and only 1 (0.2%) was erupted. Morphologically 5 (1%) maxillary distomolars were tuberculated and 1(0.2%) mandibular distomolar was conical in shape.
Conclusion: Even though the frequency of distomolars is low, the dental practitioner should always be aware of the presence of distomolars in radiographs or clinically.


The theory and basic features of velocity–depth linear model are introduced in this paper.With the velocity spectra data along a multi-channel seismic profile in the deep-water area of the South China Sea and by applying the velocity–depth linear model to the interpreted data of the profile,we obtained direct results for geological interpretation.In addition,through the creation of visual workflow and the consideration of horizontal variation of sedimentary interval velocity within the depth conversion procedures,we made the results of depth conversion more reliable.At the end,we discussed the limitation and further application of velocity–depth linear model in terms of both theory and practice,which would be considered in further work.


In nowadays business, online service in Internet Banking is a major concern for managing customer relationship but in the other side, there are several challenge should be face by bank when they implement this technology. By using technology acceptance model, this research was conducted through questionnaires that printed and handed directly to customer that using internet banking. From 100 respondents that fill in the questionnaires and after the data that gathered are done to analyses. From four variables that research, only perceive usefulness that give significant contribution to the intention customer to use internet banking, the rest of the variables like ease of use, risk and trust still not significant. Factor of ease of use become critical and also trust and risk for customer want to use this services, otherwise this service just only wasting time and financial. For future research this model can be expanded into private banking and with mix unit analyses. Index Terms - Technology Acceptance Model, Internet Banking, Public Banking, TAM, e-Banking


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to express our gratitude to CENTA, PROLECHE, INTSORMIL and especially to our principal collaborator Rene Clara. Rene pushed to have this study done and helped us during the last two years while we performed this study. We have furthermore to thank our collaborators INTRODUCTION The driver of agricultural development is the introduction of new technology. Sensitive 1 sorghums have long been a critical component of hillside Central American agriculture providing a reserve or insurance policy when the principal staple of maize falters. The insensitive sorghums have been more recently introduced since the '70s for planting in the valleys in the second season. In the last thirty years the introduction of new insensitive cultivars has accelerated initially for poultry and in the previous two decades for dairy production. This growth has been facilitated by strategic investments in research by CENTA and the Ministry of Agriculture. As incomes grow the demand for high quality foods, meat, milk, cheese, fruits and vegetables, accelerates. Milk and products from milk are principal beneficiaries of these demand 1 The sensitive sorghums are planted beneath the maize in the first season and wait for the light and rapid development until the maize is broken in the period between the two seasons (" canicula "). The sensitivity to light then insures that they will not compete with the maize but just wait their turn at the light. Insensitive sorghums are planted in monoculture in the second season. Photo-insensitive varieties are those whose flowering is not affected by the amount of daylight hours and flower regardless of the time they are planted. Photo-sensitive varieties (landraces) are those which flower only when days are short (November-December). Photo-insensitive sorghums need a greater amount of soil moisture for pollination and grain filling, compared with the photo-sensitive cultivars. In general, sorghum requires 550 mm of water throughout the growing season well distributed for optimum production (Clara, 2011). 3 shifts. To facilitate these consumption shifts agricultural research led by Rene Clara of CENTA focused on the development of a series of new cultivars. Since agricultural research and extension is expensive, we ask the returns on these public investments and who were the beneficiaries. Responding to these two questions is the objective of this paper. We will also make some recommendations for future research and policy. The dairy farms in El Salvador are concentrated in the middle and lower part of …


Over the past 18 months there has been wide-ranging public discussion on the potential medical uses of marijuana, particularly smoked marijuana. To contribute to the resolution of the debate, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) held a 2-day scientific meeting on February 19-20, 1997, to review the scientific data concerning the potential therapeutic uses for marijuana and the need for and feasibility of additional research.


After 15 years of successful operation of the 20 MN Universal Test System at the Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und-prufung (BAM), Berlin, the decision was made to do a thorough maintenance service and equip the system with new digital control electronics. Now the machine is available again for testing up to < 20 MN static and ± 13 MN dynamic loads. Besides mechanical rework, the main goal was to simplify and automate the test setup and the test procedures. The following article explains the principles of servo hydraulic resonance testing and highlights the new advantages resulting from software driven control technology.


AbstractThe skill of the Arctic stratospheric retrospective ensemble forecasts (hindcasts) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts extended-range system is analyzed with a focus o...


In many undersea conditions, optical sensors and sonar can be used to discriminate against sea mines. However, there are many conditions where these sensors are insufficient. For example, when a mine is fully buried these sensors are of little help. Under these conditions, additional sensor technologies are required. Since it is not affected by the medium, a technology of choice is magnetics. In the late 1990s a "T-shaped" gradiometer with a 12-inch baseline was developed. It became known as the RTG. Measurements performed in the nonmagnetic facility at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama City (NSWC-PC) demonstrated good localization capabilities and it was selected to become part of an ONR initiative to replace the human diver with Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) using custom designed payload modules in high-risk mission areas. In the early 2000s the land-based RTG was refitted for underwater applications and integrated with the Florida Atlantic University's Buried Object Scanning Sonar (BOSS). Both were operated from a towed nonmagnetic sled where they demonstrated the ability to localize on buried undersea magnetic targets. The collection of simultaneous magnetic and acoustic data provided the opportunity to apply sensor fusion. While the towed nonmagnetic sled was an ideal magnetic platform, it was unsuited for the shallow water operations required by the Navy. In response to those requirements, both RTG and BOSS were redesigned to fit on newly developed UUVs, such as the 12.75"-diameter Bluefin 12. As expected the UUVs magnetic platform noise level was considerably higher due to the increased number of magnetic noise sources on an active autonomous vehicle and the closer placement of the RTG to these noise sources. To mitigate this increased noise, a magnetic noise cancellation system using magnetometers and current sensors, strategically placed within the control section of the UUV, was implemented. The initial underwater shake down of this entirely new system occurred in August 2005. This demonstrated, for the first time, autonomous control of the RTG by the Bluefin 12. Sea tests continued during 2006, collecting simultaneous data from the RTG, BOSS and a simple optical camera. These co-registered data have been used to demonstrate the common detection and localization of buried targets. This paper focuses on the 2006 sea testing of the system and the initial analysis of the data from the fluxgate-based RTG


Bismuth vanadate(BiVO 4 ) with monoclinic phase as photocatalyst under visible light is synthesized by precipitation reaction in hot water. Properties such as crystal phase, particle morphology and visual light absorbance as well as the effects of thermal treatment for BiVO 4 powders are investigated. BiVO 4 powders with both single monoclinic phase and 0.2 μm in particle size are synthesized when precipitate is stirred in water for 5 h at 95℃. Well-developed monoclinic phase and light absorption property under 535 nm are observed as a result of thermal treatment for 1 h at 300℃ after precipitation reaction in water for 5 h at 95℃. Degradation of monoclinic crystal is found in firing above 350℃, and particle growth is occurred in firing above 550℃.


Plants are considered an essential part of our
ecosystem and Sri Lanka has a long history of using plants
as a source of medicines in Ayurveda. In addition to some
herbaceous plants serving as a food source, have medicinal
values. In the Ayurveda medicinal industry, it is very
important to identify the correct herbs that help in the
preparation of remedial medicines. The identification of
these suitable herbaceous plants is often done by skilled
specialists. However the problem is since identification is
based on human cognition, it can lead to misjudgment. So it
a waste that humankind couldn't use the herbal power of
remedial medications. To address this question the paper
proposes a simple and effectual methodology for
identification of Ayurveda's herbaria, using mobile devices
in the android platform by implementing image processing
techniques. The main characteristics required to identify a
medicinal herb are the shape, color, and texture of the leaf.
The color and texture of the leaf cover vital parameters that
are unique to a particular plant. Preprocessing, feature
extraction, and classification are the three major phases in
the suggested methodology. In order to train the image
processing model, images of herbal plant leaves were
captured under the supervision of an Ayurveda doctor. For
all the images backgrounds are removed and resized before
applying classification techniques. According to the
methodology, the leaf images are trained and the result can
be shown through the mobile application. The study got 94%
of accuracy for the proposed methodology.


The marine accident rate is still high and quite a few accidents are caused by irregular ship navigation. A certain level of ship navigation technology is covered by the Certificate of Competency, but it is not enough to realize safety navigation. On the other hand, the introduction of Automatic Identification System (AIS) enabled the acquisition of ship's track information easily. Using track information acquired from AIS, the authors aim at the evaluation of each ship's navigation situation. In this paper, using information of ship's track, ship speed, number of other ships around own ship and the relative positional relations between the other ships, the authors find the characteristic of navigation situation in a specific sea area. The authors use this characteristic as a standard in the sea area, and using the difference from the standard the authors thought that they could evaluate the navigation situation of individual ships. By the results of investigation on the above elements in this paper, the authors get some kind of characteristic on each ship's navigation and the possibility of navigation evaluation was suggested.


The polyacrylonitrile fiber concentrations of cement co ncrete are 0 085% and 0 17% by volume in this test The concrete properties suc h as slump and unit weight are measured For the hardened concrete, the compres sive str ength, static moduli,split strength, first-crack strength and modulus of ruptur e are measured Load-deflection curves are plotted from the data obtained in the mo dulus of rupture test to determine the toughness indexes by the ASTM method, and the flexural toughness factor and equivalent flexural strength by the Japanese Standard method using third-point bending beam The test results showed that t here is no balling of fiber during mixing and placing for all the concretes T here is less bleeding in the fiber concretes compared with the plain concrete This kind of fiber has dual efforts of increasing strength and increasing toughn ess on concrete There is a significant increase in the flexure strength,spilt strength and toughness indexes with the addition of fibers The addition of pol yacrylonitrile fibers have changed the failure mode of concrete from a brittlens s to a ductility Polyacrylonitrile fiber reinfo rced concrete is an ideal material for structuring airport and highway pavements , bridge deck overlays, curtain dams, cavitations/earthquake resistant structur es and so on


The tunnel-etched Al foils for high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitors was anodized at 530 V in boric acid electrolyte.Microstructure and electrochemical characteristics of the film were examined by means of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results show that the film consists of three distinct crystalline layers,namely inner,middle and outer parts.The crystallinity and defect size of the outer layer are less than those of the middle and inner layers.Dispersion effect induced by numerous tiny tunnels and high crystallinity makes the EIS to be simulated by an equivalent circuit consisting of a parallel of the barrier film resistance(ROX) and constant phase angle element(CPE,QOX),connected in series to a solution resistance(RS).The film's capacitive impedance behavior is predominant and approximates to the interface capacitive performance.The film resistance is between that of the amorphous layer and that of the crystalline one and approximates to the later.


This article focuses on geobotanical mapping with special emphasis on mire vegetation. A brief review of the history of mire mapping in Russia is given. The purpose of the research reported here is to promote the application of cartographic methods to phytosociological studies as well as to contribute to further development of methods for large-scale mapping of mire vegetation. Kudrovsky mire massif (Leningrad region, NW Russia) was chosen as the study area. Two vegetation maps were prepared on the basis of different vegetation classifi cation approaches, namely the dominant (ecologicphytocoenotic) and fl oristic (Braun-Blanquet) methods. The same vegetation releve data were classifi ed using both approaches and the resulting classifi cations were used to construct legends for the maps. The traditions and problems of Russian vegetation cartography are briefl y discussed.


The present invention contains PMMA layer at least one colored with yellow anthraquinone dye, whereby, PMMA layer, CIE 1931 color coordinates according to the standard colorimetric system (x; y) 0.4 ≦ x ≦ 0.54 and to a sheet showing a 0.44 ≦ y ≦ 0.54, this time, the concentration of the yellow dye of the PMMA layer, characterized in that at least 3% by weight based on the total weight of the PMMA layer.


There have been several major challenges and problems faced to the internet monetary institution growth and the internet economy in general. One major obstacle addressed most is the authenticity concern. Another problem challenged internet economy (including internet monetary institution) is the quality of delivery service. Limited payment options available to online clients are also being complained. It has been anticipated that to be successful in time, the functions of an internet agribusiness must compete distinctly from those traditional business companions. The population from rural area has to be sustained because this population is the future. The resources will finish in the future and people from rural area will bring new fresh air in the development of the technologies.


We report a comparative synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction study of GaAs1−yNy micro-structures obtained by two different patterning methods: spatially selective H incorporation achieved by using H-opaque masks and spatially selective H removal attained by laser writing. These methods are emerging as original routes for fabrication of micro- and nano-structures with in-plane modulation of the bandgap energy. By measuring the out-of-plane and in-plane lattice parameters, we find that for both patterning approaches the largest part of the micro-structure volume remains tensile-strained and pseudomorphic to the substrate, regardless of the compressive-strained hydrogenated barriers. However, a larger lattice disorder is probed in the laser-written micro-structures and attributed to partial removal of H and/or strain changes at the micro-structure boundaries. This larger lattice disorder is confirmed by photoluminescence studies.


Synthesis and characterization of new dinuclear iron complexes for the coupling of CO2 with epoxides. A bimetallic cooperative reaction mechanism is proposed on the basis of kinetic analyses.


This paper deals with the experimental study of the ternary osmotic transport system benzene + dioxane -+methanol together with an artificial membrane consisting of Celluloseacetate. The experimental concept intends obtaining an almost complete information about the transport behaviour of the system. The measurements are evaluated in a way that the information is represented by a few physical quantities, which permit an easy comparison with theoretical transport models. Finally the considerations are generalized to systems of an arbitrary number of components.


From the opening of the Brooklyn Bridge in 1883 to the opening of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge in 1964 the New York City Metropolitan Area was the center of the most intensive construction of record-breaking suspension bridges worldwide. Of the 10 suspension bridges in the area, 5 established span-length records at their completion. As the twentieth century draws to a close the current records are held elsewhere and these bridges hold a record for the average age and total traffic they have jointly accumulated over the last 115 years. An understanding of suspension bridge behavior can be gained nowhere better than in the examination of the New York examples. In an unprecedented joint effort partly including the New York City Department of Transportation, the New York State Bridge Authority, and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, all available information and present common recommendations and guidelines for inspection and rehabilitation of the cable systems were pooled. Some conclusions about the resulting comprehensive study on the condition of cable systems in suspension bridges located in the New York Metropolitan Area are presented.


Dispersity routing is defined. It is combined with random access and fast circuit set-up and tear-down to put bursty data on an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. This approach makes the storage in the network independent of the message length. This approach is evaluated assuming that the propagation delay may be more than the message transmission time. It is shown that the efficiency improves as the number of channels on each path increases, and that dispersity routing makes it reasonable to use the strategy on networks with a small number of channels per path. Dispersity routing requires networks with multiple paths between many of the nodes. This characteristic is also required for many adaptive routing strategies. A class of networks is proposed in which the fraction of nodes with multiple paths, and the number of multiple paths between nodes, can be controlled. These networks provide a platform for evaluating multiple path strategies.<<ETX>>


Abstract The continuing fascination with Drum, Sophiatown and the writers of the 1950s has often overshadowed the achievements of an earlier generation of black writers. This article looks at R.R.R. Dhlomo, an early exponent of the short story in English, and explores his ambivalent position as a member of the mission‐educated African elite of the 1930s and 1940s. As a 'new African', he was concerned to distance himself from both the tribal past and the new marabi culture of the inner‐city slumyards; at the same time, he retains his affiliation to his traditional Zulu culture, and writes a series of historical novels in isiZulu. The article looks in some detail at the differences and similarities between his 1928 novel, An African Tragedy, and the short stories published a few years later in The Sjambok and Bantu World. The stories set in mine compounds on the Reef are a striking exposé of brutal and corrupt practices, and deserve recognition as early examples of 'protest' writing. However, they also reveal his equivocal position as a 'progressive' African with a respect for the law and a belief in the gradual amelioration of an oppressive system. Other tensions are revealed in a group of stories dealing with traditional beliefs and practices, where the shifting perspectives adopted by the narrators suggest Dhlomo's ambivalent relation to traditional Zulu culture. Finally, the article suggests that it is through his use of English as medium of expression that Dhlomo is able to function as 'interpreter' or mediator between the disparate worlds and audiences which he addresses.


s N H CO2H Brønsted Acid Lewis Base (A) If a nitroso compound is used as aldol acceptor, a-aminoxylation affords versatile synthons for natural product synthesis.7 + CHCl3, 4 °C, 4 h >76% yield >99% ee O H R R = Alk, Ar L-proline 5 mol%


In this paper, an efficient numerical technique for the time-fractional telegraph equation is proposed. The aim of this paper is to use a relatively new type of B-spline called the cubic trigonometric B-splines for the proposed scheme. This technique is based on finite difference formulation for the Caputo time-fractional derivative and cubic trigonometric B-splines based technique for the derivatives in space. A stability analysis of the scheme is set up to affirm that the errors do not amplify. Computational experiments are carried out in addition to verify the theoretical analysis. Numerical results are compared with some existing techniques and it is concluded that the present scheme is more accurate and effective.


Abstract This is a case of Ms. C, a 37-year-old woman originally from Zambia, Africa, with an unremarkable medical history prior to the unfortunate diagnosis of cervical cancer in 2014. Ms. C, was diagnosed with cervical cancer at an early stage with many treatment options available at the time of her diagnosis to potentially limit disease progression. Such therapeutic options included: conventional surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, all commonly recognized treatment approaches for medical management, utilizing 'westernized' medicinal theories. Based upon the ideology of the patient's family and her own personal beliefs of healing and western medical practices, she instead opted for a culturally based complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) management of her cervical cancer and declined surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. After 2 years of CAM management, her cervical cancer metastasized to her lungs and brain. After numerous hospitalizations for cancer-related illnesses and increasing symptom burden, she sought typical western medical interventions including chemotherapy, external beam radiation, along with a nephrostomy tube for renal failure and uterine artery embolization for chronic uterine bleeding. Within 6 months of such interventional techniques failing to improve her prognosis, the patient died under hospice home care. This case highlights the importance of elucidating how a patient understands their own medical condition and reconcile their belief system and cultural practices early in the management and treatment process. This is possible through emphasizing and practicing a thorough cross-cultural interview and is especially important when dealing with potentially life limiting pathologies like cancer, and when making key decisions such as choosing between CAM vs. western medicinal practices, or a holistic approach utilizing both. Physicians and patients must focus on removing cultural barriers to medical care.


As far as Hammurabi is concerned I think he is a very true mirror of the law. —Raymond Westbrook1 SHOULD THE SO-CALLED LAWS of the Pentateuch be considered actual law?2 This is a difficult question to answer. Traditional thinking has typically assumed an affirmative answer and even a direct link between the laws of the Pentateuch and those that governed ancient Israel and Judah. Over the course of the last several decades, however, these assumptions have been placed in serious doubt, and understandably so. Simple answers to the question have proved wholly inadequate.3 In


The design of an innovative integrated sensor based on superficial soliton waveguides is presented. This configuration is called a RISSOR: refractive-index surface-soliton sensor. The hybrid structure combines traditional rib waveguides with a superficial one realized by a superficial photorefractive soliton. Simulations are performed using a BPM numerical code. The sensitivity of the proposed device is based on the solitonic evanescent wave as well as the coupling between the rib and solitonic waveguides.


Coal hydrogenation was carried out at an elevated pressure of hydrogen in the presence of polymers forming pastes (tar, polyethylene and crumb rubber). It is found that when the content of the polymeric material in the mixture less than 10.0% by wt. conversion rate of the mixture in the liquid and gaseous products is not high, which prevents the effective implementation of the process. The degree of coal conversion and the yield of light boiling products are increased with increasing of amount of synthetic resin material in a mixture up to 70.0% per mix weight. The highest indicators of conversion degree of coal (72.1 wt.%) and the yield of liquid products (50.4 wt.%) were observed for composition the mechanical activated coal/tar/concentrate of Balkhash field: 45/45/10. The developed method in the work of producing of liquid from coal products allows to increase an yield of the light boiling hydrocarbon fraction from 12.0 up to 60.0% by mass.


Stability of vortex states in mesoscopic superconducting squares with zero, three, and four submicron pinning centers (antidots) is investigated experimentally. By detecting transitions between vortex states using the small-tunnel-junction method, we evaluate the width of magnetic field region over which a particular superconducting state is stabilized. We confirm that the vortex states are significantly stabilized by the existence of antidots. We discuss the effect of the number and positions of antidots on the stability of mesoscopic vortex states.


The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS methodology was used to develop and validate a method for detecting erythromycin and olaparib in human plasma. Antibiotics such as erythromycin and olaparib fall into this category. Liquid chromatography is used to separate stationary and mobile phases based on differences in their affinities as well as to remove unwanted contaminants. It improves repeatability, sensitivity, resilience, and low-level protein detection. A C18 (C18, 5 m, 100×4.6 mm) column is utilized for high resolution and peak area. The calibration curve is created using linear regression. Internally, telmisartan is utilized as a benchmark. The flow rate of the mobile phase is 0.5 mL/min. Erythromycin and olaparib have mass-to-charge ratios of 735.43–115.97 and 435.08–102.04, respectively. Erythromycin in combination with olaparib resulted in a 98% recovery rate. The precision and accuracy of the results determined by interday QC samples are within acceptable limits. There was no evidence of instability.


This article takes great important meaning to guide the fisheries production in Mongolia autonomous region through reporting the state of large middle lake's resource,the present state of fisheries resource,the major problem existed in present fisheries production,setting forth the idea that would guide to exploit the fisheries resource of large middle lake in inner Mongolia autonomous region.


PolyJet™ 3-dimensional rapid prototyping technology, first introduced to the market in 2000, has been proved to address the needs of a wide range of industries and applications. With installations at leading manufacturers around the world, Objet has accumulated a great deal of experience in applying PolyJet technology in a wide range of industries, including footwear, toys, automotives, consumer goods, industrial manufacturing, and many more. Hundreds of companies, amongst them many of the world's largest in their fields, are using PolyJet -based RP systems in their design and manufacturing processes. By handling all RP in-house they can ensure confidentiality throughout the design process, reduce the risk and cost of error, promote team creativity and reduce time to market. Through hands-on customer experience, Objet found that new applications for rapid prototyping could be realized by enabling accurate models that closely resemble the end product "look and feel" as well as its functionality.


The modification work of the subway #1 in Tianjin is the project reconstructed the stations and some tubes on the base of primary subway.The differential settlement at the juncture of new and old tubes must be controlled strictly for the sake of safety.The technique of high-pressure chemical churning piles is employed to consolidate the foundation.The consolidating means and thickness are determined by the result of FEM;by contrast to the measured data in-situ,the result of numerical calculation is testified to be proper and the design proposal is rational accordingly.


An analytical expression of the range ambiguity function for a train of time-hopping modulated ultra-wideband(TH-UWB) GGP waveforms is derived.Subsequently,the relation of the range ambiguity function with the autocorrelation properties,period of time-hopping sequences,and the average pulse repetition period,effective duration,scaling parameter and modulating coeffiecient of GGP pulses is analyzed with numerical simulations.The results show that range side-lobe suppression characteristic is improved by choosing the good autocorrelation properties or long period of TH sequences,and the range resolution is increased with the short effective duration or large scaling parameter.Moreover,the appropriate modulating coeffiecient is chosen in order to preserve the range resolution and apply the range gate technique for side-lobe suppression.


Loquhariot (NT 370608), picturesquely sited within a mile of Crichton and Borthwick castles, is a hamlet eight miles south-east of Edinburgh. It is familiar to historians from Jocelyn of Furness's Life of St Kentigern (f c. 612). In chapter 41 of this work, written about 1180,1 Jocelyn tells how the saint lived at Loquhariot for eight years and there built a cross 'of sea-sand' (i.e. sandstone). The cross has long disappeared, but still existed in Jocelyn's day and was famous for miraculous cures. At Loquhariot was also a St Kentigern's Well (referred to in 1534), while the present Borthwick church is the successor of the ecclesia Sancti Kentegerni de Lochwerweth mentioned in a fourteenth-century document. Simon Taylor, pers. comm., observes this last is from an original of probably 1198 x 1202, and that Loquhariot or Borthwick was granted to the priory of Scone by David I, as shown by documents cited below. So the cult of Kentigern at Borthwick goes back to an early date. Setting out these facts, Jackson assumed that Loquhariot was in the diocese of Lindisfarne (later Durham) from the seventh century and then St Andrews, but never Glasgow, of which Kentigern is patron. He thus thought the cult of the saint at Loquhariot was no late importation from Strathclyde, but dated from the seventh century. He also thought Jocelyn's source of information was a Gaelic-speaking Loquhariot priest who had contacts with Glasgow, and was happy to provide hagiographers with folklore material from Lothian.2 This note deals with Loquhariot's curious name, which has puzzled scribes, leading to many variants. Jackson gave Lothwerverd (variant Lothwerwerd) as the best form, but cited Lochwerweth from the early fourteenth century (or 1198 x 1202, as noted above).3 Grants by Scottish kings contain the forms Lohwerwet (1124 x 1153); Louchforuer (1163 x 1164); Louchferuer (1165 x 1171); and Leuchoruer (1165 x 1174).4 A papal bull of early 1175 has Lachoruar;


In late July, shortly before this column was written, the WCET Core Team held a half-day meeting to review the program status, resolve questions, and plan activities for the remainder of the year. A short review of some of the issues addressed during this meeting may provide insight into what's involved in developing and maintaining this certification program.


Elemental iron and Fe100-XCrX (X=30, 50 and 70) powder mixtures were milled in a vibrational ball mill under nitrogen atmosphere. Structural changes during milling, and thermal stabilities and magnetic properties of the milled powders were examined by means of X-ray analysis, HRTEM, DSC and Mossbauer spectroscopy. It was found that Fe-Cr-N powdered alloys with very high concentrations of nitrogen were able to be prepared by this technique. The structure of the powder particles was composed of nanometer-sized b.c.c grains supersaturated with nitrogen. With the nitrided Fe50Cr50 alloy, the grain size decreased to about 2 nm after alloying with about 12 ar% of nitrogen, and then X-ray diffraction took on an amorphous-like pattern. On annealing of the nitrided powders, a heat evolution due to the precipitation of chromium nitride was observed at temperatures around 850 K. The Mossbauer analysis revealed that the nitrided Fe70Cr30 alloy had paramagnetic and ferromagnetic components. The nitrided Fe50Cr50 alloy became entirely paramagnetic after the reduction in grain size below about 5 nm.


ABSTRACT The present study validates a novel version of the Reaction time-based Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) adapted for young children (7–10 years). Their ability to deny the possession of relevant information was related to individual differences in intelligence, processing speed, executive functioning and affective problems. The comparison between the knowledgeable group of children (N = 84) who took part in a mock surprise scenario and the unknowledgeable group (N = 78) indicated that by early school-age the RT-CIT can be considered a relatively reliable diagnostic tool for detecting concealed information. We found evidence indicating that executive functions are predictors of children's proficiency in concealing information; however, the specific interrelations were complex (children with lower inhibition and spatial working memory, but with better shifting performance were easier to detect as possessing concealed information). Finally, we found limited evidence for a substantial association between parent-reported emotional problems and children's proficiency in concealing information. This investigation has practical implications for the development of rigorous protocols to detect children's concealed knowledge within legal environments.


The coupled cluster (CC) equations are studied from the point of view of the stability of their solution. The nonlinear nature of these equations may lead to undesired iteration properties including chaotic solutions. Iterations of various types (convergent, oscillatory, chaotic or divergent) are identified by the eigenvalues of the stability (Jacobi) matrix at the fixed points. Explicit (orbital) form of the stability matrix is obtained for the CCSD case, and the various iteration domains are investigated as a function of the control (damping) parameter of the CC iteration. The case of the BeH2 molecule at various nuclear arrangements is chosen as a numerical example. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008


Some significant events in sports matches occur too quickly to be detected by conventional video. Audio signals, normally sampled at a much higher rate, provide a way to detect such short events. Here, we employ methods used in automatic speech recognition ‐ templates of Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) over several adjacent time windows, with Principal Components Analysis (PCA) ‐ to identify and classify sound events : different tennis strokes, ball bounces, echos, speech and applause, occurring during tennis matches. Excellent success rates were achieved for both event detection ( 97.74 %) and correct classification (on average 98.64 % across all classes) of 1504 sound events in the available recordings. The successful classification rate varied between classes but no class had a success rate below 94%. This could be valuable to spectators, officials and coaches in tennis and other sports ‐ including cricket, baseball and golf ‐ or to make video games (such as the Nintendo Wii) more realistic...


We obtain a complete convergence result for arrays of row-wise negatively associated random variables which extends the results of Hu, Szynal, and Volodin [Statist. Probab. Lett., 38 (1998), pp. 27–31], Hu et al. [Commun. Korean Math. Soc., 18 (2003), pp. 375–383], and Sung, Volodin, and Hu [Statist. Probab. Lett., 71 (2005), pp. 303–311] by the methods developed by Kruglov, Volodin, and Hu [Statist. Probab. Lett., 76 (2006), pp. 1631–1640].


Light-saturated net leaf photosynthesis (A sat ), CO 2 response curves (A/C i ), current photochemical capacity (F v /F m ) and pigment contents were measured in leaves of Populus nigra (Clone T107) which had been exposed to ozone stress in open-top chambers for the entire growth period. Surprisingly, not only elevated (ao + , i.e. ambient air + 50 mm 3 m -3 ozone) but also ambient (aa) ozone concentrations led to a reduction in A sat in comparison with leaves exposed to air containing almost no ozone (cf - , i.e. charcoal filtered ambient air). The very small change in leaf conductance (g 1 ) indicated that the decrease in A sat was not due to stomatal limitation. This finding was supported by the fact that, a decrease in carboxylation efficiency (CE) correlated with a loss in A sat . In comparison to cf - leaves, aa leaves showed no change in current photochemical capacity (F v /F m ) throughout the whole experiment. However, a marked decline in F v /F m in ao+ leaves was observed at a time when A sat and CE were already decreased by about 45% and 60% respectively. As the chlorophyll b content of leaves is known to correlate with the amount of LHC and PSII centres, it was used to normalize fluorescence parameters in relation to PSII centres present. The normalized values for F m and F 0 increased with the dosage of ozone in ao + leaves but not in aa leaves, indicating a change of the pigment content of PSII in the former, but not in the latter. These data led to the conclusion that ozone interacts primarily with components of the Calvin cycle, which results in a decrease in A sat with subsequent feedback on the current photochemical capacity of PSII centres.


Ferret is a fast and effective tool for detecting similarities in a group of files. Applying it to the PAN'09 corpus required modifications to meet the require- ments of the competition, mainly to deal with the very large number of files, the large size of some of them, and to automate some of the decisions that would nor- mally be made by a human operator. Ferret was able to detect numerous files in the development corpus that contain substantial similarities not marked as plagiarism, but it also identified quite a lot of pairs where random similarities masked actual plagiarism. An improved metric is therefore indicated if the "plagiarised" or "not plagiarised" decision is to be automated.


The Chang'an Chong Cu-Mo deposit is located in the Chang'an Cu-Mo-Au ore cluster in the southern Ailaoshan tectonic belt in southwestern China. There are six intrusive bodies in the mining area, among which the No.Ⅱ intrusive body is the largest and most closely related to Cu-Mo mineralization of skarn. The No. 1 main orebody is composed of the No. 1 copper orebody and No. 1 molybdenum orebody, which are distributed in parallel with similar shapes. In this paper, the age of skarn is determined by the LA-SF-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of garnet, and it is nearly consistent with the age of alkaline porphyry in this region (41–32 Ma). Compared with the U-Pb age of zircon from the ore-bearing porphyry and the Re-Os age of molybdenite, the U-Pb age of garnet was consistent with them within error, indicating that they were the same mineralization event, which further proves that the porphyry-skarn Cu-Mo-Au mineralization event along the Ailaoshan-Red River fault zone mainly occurred at 38~32 Ma. In-situ S isotope results show that the δ34S mean values of disseminated pyrite (PyI), pyrite of sulfide veins (PyⅡ) and chalcopyrite (Ccp) in the main mineralization period are 2.35‰, 3.60‰ and 0.55‰, respectively. These δ34S values are similar to those of magma and slightly enriched in δ34S, and the δ34S value of chalcopyrite is mainly concentrated near 0‰, so it can be considered that the S of the ore-forming fluid came from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the regional metallogenic background, deposit chronology and isotope geochemistry, it is concluded that the Chang'an Chong Cu-Mo deposit was formed in an intra-plate post-collision strike-slip environment.


Summary form only given. Measurements of intrinsic shot noise in a 35 GHz, three-cavity gyroklystron have been obtained over a wide range of operating parameters. The noise emissions from both the input and output cavities were measured under carrier-free (zero-drive power) conditions. The spectrum of noise emitted by the input cavity is found to have a Lorentzian shape, with the peak frequency and spectral width in good agreement with the beam loaded frequency and Q predicted by simulation codes. At the nominal operating parameters of the gyroklystron, which were 70 kV, 10 A, /spl alpha/=1.27, and a magnetic field of 13.07 kG, we find the peak temperature of the input cavity noise to be 4.4/spl times/10/sup 8/ K (6.3/spl times/10/sup -15/ W/Hz), with a FWHM of 160 MHz. The peak noise temperature was found to exhibit complex variations with respect to beam current, beam velocity ratio, and magnetic field.


Background Software systems are relying more and more on multi-core hardware requiring a parallel approach to address the problems and improve performances. Unfortunately, parallel development is error prone and many developers are not very experienced with this paradigm also because identifying, reproducing, and fixing bugs is often difficult. Objective The main goal of this paper is the identification of an approach able to: (i) identify solved concurrency-related bugs to characterize them and help retrospective activities; (ii) identify concurrency-related bugs as soon as they are entered in the bug management system to support bug triage phase and allocate them to more experienced developers. Approach To this end, the paper analyzes bugs related to concurrency looking at their specific characteristics using different machine learning methods to automatically distinguish them from other kinds of bugs based on the data available in the issue tracking systems and in the code repositories. Results The overall best models we developed for Apache HTTP Server and MariaDB have a precision of 0.985 and 0.814 and a recall of 0.876 and 0.629 when considering linked bugs (bug reports information in bug repository and the corresponding fix in the version control system) and a precision of 0.978 and 0.779 and a recall of 0.889 and 0.569 when considering only the information from bug reports. Conclusions Such results allow the development of an automated system able to classify such bugs and support developers in the bug triage process.


Despite considerable research with students of calculus, rate, and hence derivative, remain difficult concepts to teach and learn. The demonstrated lack of conceptual understanding of introductory calculus limits its usefulness in related areas. Since rate is such a troublesome concept, this study piloted reversing the usual presentation of introductory calculus to begin with area and integration, rather than rate and derivative. Two classes of first-year university students taking introductory calculus were selected to pilot the effect of changing the sequence; one class was a control group and the other class followed the reversed sequence. Advances in technology, especially computer algebra systems (CASs) may facilitate new ways of studying mathematics. In this study, handheld CASs were used to support students' thinking as they grappled with the concepts of introductory calculus. The use of CASs enabled consideration of symbolic patterns and numerical integration leading to a deeper conceptual understanding of integration. The easy access to the multiple representations of functions provided by CASs facilitated an exploration of rate where each representation highlighted different aspects of rate resulting in deeper conceptual understanding of differentiation.


For hundreds of years ships have roamed the oceans at random, serving the trades according to the prevailing supply and demand; each vessel taking care of itself, none caring about the whole transport and traffic pattern, but each one willing to assist and save unfortunate brothers in distress. This historic and very individualistic pattern of maritime transport operations, with as little interference, regulation and control as possible, is called by some 'freedom of the sea'. In the minds of generations of seafarers there is instilled the idea that this utter freedom of operation was in essence the proper interpretation of being master under God. Away from the home port nobody could interfere in the way the ship was managed or the voyage proceeded. Even selling the ship abroad was a possibility on which the master could decide.


A new method called elimination by preferential probability(EPP) to remove discrete phase outliers in Delaunay tessellation-particle tracking velocimetry(DT-PTV)was proposed.In the present method,the modules to eliminate redundant matches and the inverse calculation to enlarge matching information were adopted and a multiple-way in outliers elimination used in discrete phase flow field was developed on the basis of the double-layer matching pattern in DT-PTV and the combination modes of modules and inverse calculation.From the application in self-defined flow fields and comparison of accuracy rate,matching information maximizing in DT triangle level followed by most-suitable-matches selection in particle level is an optimum way of outlier elimination in discrete phase with an accuracy rate of about 92% in a low spatial rate(187.215).In addition,the DT-PTV combined with EPP was used for velocity measurement of sand phase in saltation layer of wind-sand flow,and the results of single-grain paths Abstracted can meet the requirement.


Programmers frequently learn from examples produced and shared by other programmers. However, it can be challenging and time-consuming to produce concise, working code examples. We conducted a formative study where 12 participants made examples based on their own code. This revealed a key hurdle: making meaningful simplifications without introducing errors. Based on this insight, we designed a mixed-initiative tool, CodeScoop, to help programmers extract executable, simplified code from existing code. CodeScoop enables programmers to "scoop" out a relevant subset of code. Techniques include selectively including control structures and recording an execution trace that allows authors to substitute literal values for code and variables. In a controlled study with 19 participants, CodeScoop helped programmers extract executable code examples with the intended behavior more easily than with a standard code editor.


This report summarizes an effort to measure electricity consumption by end use in a government-owned Omar Effendi chain department store in Egypt. The monitored data are used to estimate electricity conservation potential in the building. The major end uses in this building are lighting, ventilation, and air conditioning. The building peak usage is about 60 W/m{sup 2} of power for lighting and 63 W/m{sup 2} for ventilation and air conditioning. It is possible to save 50% of electricity use through improvements in the efficiency of lighting and air conditioning systems. 3 refs., 9 figs., 11 tabs.


Semantic segmentation is a crucial task in biomedical image processing, which recent breakthroughs in deep learning have allowed to improve. However, deep learning methods in general are not yet widely used in practice since they require large amount of data for training complex models. This is particularly challenging for biomedical images, because data and ground truths are a scarce resource. Annotation efforts for biomedical images come with a real cost, since experts have to manually label images at pixel-level on samples usually containing many instances of the target anatomy (e.g. in histology samples: neurons, astrocytes, mitochondria, etc.). In this paper we provide a framework for Deep Active Learning applied to a real-world scenario. Our framework relies on the U-Net architecture and overall uncertainty measure to suggest which sample to annotate. It takes advantage of the uncertainty measure obtained by taking Monte Carlo samples while using Dropout regularization scheme. Experiments were done on spinal cord and brain microscopic histology samples to perform a myelin segmentation task. Two realistic small datasets of 14 and 24 images were used, from different acquisition settings (Serial Block-Face Electron Microscopy and Transmitting Electron Microscopy) and showed that our method reached a maximum Dice value after adding 3 uncertainty-selected samples to the initial training set, versus 15 randomly-selected samples, thereby significantly reducing the annotation effort. We focused on a plausible scenario and showed evidence that this straightforward implementation achieves a high segmentation performance with very few labelled samples. We believe our framework may benefit any biomedical researcher willing to obtain fast and accurate image segmentation on their own dataset. The code is freely available at this https URL.


Introduction: Observation of sub-clinical neurological abnormalities has led to the proposal of a neuro-developmental etiologic model for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We have previously demonstrated prolonged latency in somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) and impaired balance control in subjects with AIS. Furthermore we have compared regional brain volumes in right thoracic AIS subjects and normal controls. Significant neuro-anatomic regional differences were observed in the corpus callosum, premotor cortex, proprioceptive and visual centers of the AIS subjects compared to control subjects. Most of these regional differences involved the brain unilaterally, indicating there may be abnormal asymmetrical development in the brain of subjects with right thoracic AIS. Methods: Following ethical committee approval a total of 29 subjects with AIS were recruited. Patients with congenital, neuromuscular or syndromic scoliosis were excluded from the study. Twenty-eight age- and sex-matched controls were recruited from local schools. All recruits underwent three-dimensional isotropic magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (3D_MPRAGE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain. Modern morphometric analyses of the MR images were carried out including classification of tissue into grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Tissue densities were compared between AIS subjects and controls. Comparisons were made between those subjects with left thoracic AIS (n=9) and age and sex-matched controls (n=11) and those subjects with right thoracic AIS (n=20) and age and sex-matched controls (n=17). Results: For subjects with left thoracic curves the mean Cobb angle was 19 degrees. For subjects with right thoracic curves the mean Cobb angle was 33.8 degrees There was no significant differences observed between AIS subjects and normal controls when comparing both absolute and relative (i.e. adjusted for brain size) volumes of GM and WM. However voxel-based morphometric analysis identified significant differences in the density of WM in the genu of the corpus callosum, the left internal capsule and WM underlying the left orbitofrontal cortex when comparing those subjects with left thoracic scoliosis to controls. The above differences were not not observed when those subjects with right thoracic scoliosis were compared to controls.. Discussion: This controlled study of regional brain tissue density has demonstrated important differences in the corpus callosum, the left internal capsule and the left orbitofrontal cortex when the brain of those subjects with left thoracic scoliosis is compared to age and sex matched controls. In this study significant regional brain differences have not been identified in those subjects with right thoracic scoliosis. Further studies are warranted to ascertain whether these morphologial differences in the brain are linked with the etiopathogenisis of left sided thoracic scoliosis. A larger sample and a longitudinal study are required to establish whether brain abnormalities are predictive of curve progression.


This paper,based on our practice in the ideological and political work for university students via internet at Hefei University of Technology,analyses their demands for cultural life and ideological development,features and objective laws via internet.Then on the basis of the above analyses,the paper puts forward some specific measures to strengthen and improve the education of ideological and political work for the university students.


We address an application of the bootstrap for a goodness measure of speech reconstruction, such as a voice coder or noise reduction. The study is based on the spectral envelope of speech segments using autoregressive modeling. Employing the bootstrap, we are able to estimate the statistical distribution of regression parameters and therewith also reflection coefficients and the parametric spectrum. Confidence bounds are evaluated to calculate a segment-wise distance measure between input and output of the speech processing system.


From introduction: "This report presents the results of an experimental program to evaluate engineering problems which might be encountered when circulating NaOH-UO3 slurry through a thermal cycle."


A DEMONSTRATION PROJECT CONDUCTED IN REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA PROVIDES ON-CALL DOORSTEP PUBLIC TRANSIT FEEDER SERVICE, 18 HOURS PER DAY MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY, AND 7 HOURS PER DAY ON SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS TO 30,000 RESIDENTS LIVING IN A MEDIUM INCOME AREA OF THE CITY. SERVICE BEGAN IN 1971 IN AN INITIAL TEST AREA OF 2 3/4 SQUARE MILES USING 6 BUSES. THIS REPORT DETAILS THE COSTS AND REVENUES OF THE TELEBUS SYSTEM AND EXAMINES THE FINANCIAL EFFECT OF TELEBUS SERVICE ON THE OVERALL TRANSIT SYSTEM, PRIOR TO EXPANSION OF THE SERVICE AREA IN JUNE 1972.


Irradiation of bleomycin with ultraviolet (UV) light alters its UV absorption and fluorescence spectra and its interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in vitro. UV-Irradiated bleomycin decreases the melting temperature (Tm) of DNA and enhances the strand breakage of DNA more markedly than non-irradiated bleomycin, in the presence of sulfhydryl compounds. Moreover, the irradiation dose causing the greatest increase of these activities is in agreement with that causing the greatest quenching at 350 nm in the transition of the fluorescence emission maximum to 400 nm.


The 1948 war resulted in a sweeping spatial transformation of areas included in the bounds of the newly formed Jewish state, including that of the western Jerusalem. Arab neighbourhoods were almost totally depopulated during fighting and shortly after resettled by Jews, most of which has been war refugees from Jerusalem's Jewish neighbourhoods or newly arrived immigrants. The effect of war on human spatial structures is in many cases abrupt and sweeping. Yet, due to the limited use of heavy weaponry by both belligerent sides, the damage to built-up structures and infrastructure systems was not inclusive. Repopulation of former Arab areas by Jews was of large scale and carried out by different local and national institutions. Yet it seems as in many cases it was personal initiatives, especially of war refugees that sought for alternative housing that had a crucial effect over the newly formed settlement pattern. One way or another, the spatial structure of Jerusalem that was formed in decades of urban dynamic development was drastically transformed after a short period of fighting between December 1947 and early 1949, that affects the spatial structure of Israel's capital city until now.


This book is written by two trauma surgeons from the Ben Taub General Hospital in Houston, Texas. Between them, they clearly have many years of experience in the management of trauma victims. The book is concise, well written and very easy to read. The text is also well supported by frequent good-quality illustrations.

The book is divided into four sections. Section 1 is essentially an introduction and sections II, III and IV deal with trauma to the abdomen, the chest, and neck and extremities, respectively. The important principle of damage limitation in trauma surgery is emphasised throughout the book and the authors have succeeded in conveying the potential pitfalls in relation to particular trauma operations. A useful summary of key points is also given at the end of each chapter. The principles of trauma surgery are clearly set out with an emphasis on decision making in particular scenarios.

A practical summary of the salient points of the operative technique are given, rather than a detailed description such as that provided by a standard operative textbook. The book also does not discuss the non-operative management of trauma or pre- and postoperative care. In addition, there are no references to key research papers to support the text. These factors limit the usefulness of the book in the preparation for examinations but, despite that, it does represent a useful practical guide to dealing with general surgical trauma on a day-to-day basis. My biggest criticism is the lack of an index, which I found quite irritating when one wishes to look up a specific scenario.

This book would be invaluable to general surgical trainees, in particular specialist registrars in general surgery who, with changes in surgical training, are likely to have increasingly limited opportunity to become confident in the operative management of trauma. I would also recommend it to all basic surgical trainees involved in the care of trauma patients.


And a pair of cooling members for removing heat generated during charging and discharging of the battery cells, wherein the cooling members are stacked on the battery cells, And a first cooling member and a second cooling member located on a first surface and a second surface side of the battery cell assembly perpendicular to the arrangement direction, And a thermal contact portion having a shape that is in close contact with an outer surface of each of the first and second surfaces of the battery cell assembly is formed.


Cenozoic ridge subduction and the resultant slab windows have been well documented worldwide [Sisson et al., 2003], especially along the western margins of North and South America [Thorkelson, Taylor, 1989]. The principal characteristics of ridge subduction, which can be used to recognise the process in ancient orogens, include: intrusion of ridge-generated magmas into a forearc in a near-trench position [Marshak, Karig, 1977]; this can be regarded as the hallmark of ridge subduction.


Background Bile salts are produced and secreted by the liver and are required for intestinal absorption of fatty food components and excretion of endobiotics and xenobiotics. They are reabsorbed in the terminal ileum and transported back to the liver via the portal tract. Dedicated bile salt transporters in hepatocytes and enterocytes are responsible for the unidirectional transport of bile salts in the enterohepatic cycle.


AbstractAlthough there are veryalgorithms for embeddinggraphs on unboundedgrids, only few results on embedding or drawing graphs on restricted gridshas been published. In this work, we consider the problem of embeddingpaths and cycles on grid graphs. We give the necessary and sufficientconditions for the existence of cycles of given length kand paths of givenlength k between two given vertices in n-vertex rectangular grid graphsand introduce two algorithms with running times O(k) and O(k 2 ) forfinding respectively such cycles and paths. Also, we extend our results tom×n×o3D grids. Our method for finding cycle of length kin rectangulargrid graphs also introduces a linear-time algorithm for finding cycles of agiven length kin hamiltonian solid grid graphs.Keywords:Grid graphs, Rectangular grid graphs, 3D grids, Hamilto-nian path, Hamiltonian cycle, Longest Path. 1 Introduction In the area of graph drawing, a lot of research has been done on drawingor embedding various classes of graphs on grids. Most of the research thusfar, has considered unbounded grids, and in some cases tried to minimizethe area used for drawing the given graph, and only a few results dealwith drawing or embedding graphs on restricted grids. Felsner et al. [6]considered the problem of drawing graphs on k-tracks, i.e. ∞ × k grids.They characterized the 2-track drawable trees and devised a linear-timealgorithm for constructing such drawings. Cornelsen et al. [3] proposeda polynomial-time algorithm for planar drawing of an arbitrary graph ontwo parallel lines. Their results show that, only outer planar graphs may


As reported in Afifi, Asmundson, Taylor and Jang (2010), lifetime prevalence rates range from 64% to 90% for experiences of trauma and 1.4% to 11.2 % for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although the majority of the population will be affected by trauma at some point in their life, the impact of these experiences will vary depending on the nature of the trauma, person and family characteristics, and available formal and informal resources accessed. Among the more severe effects is the development of PTSD.


The objective of this research is to examine information technology behaviour and beliefs among healthcare employees. The public healthcare sector is facing increased pressure to function more efficiently, and one solution to meet the new demands has been the introduction of information technology. However, the late and sparse adoption of new technology in the healthcare sector is both well known and documented. This study compares the IT acceptance dimension in the public and private healthcare sectors in Finland. Using data collected from a nationwide survey, descriptive statistics are provided to obtain an overview of the current state of IT acceptance. Comparisons provide evidence that the private healthcare sector is ahead in using IT and getting employees to accept it. Implications for technology management are discussed based on these findings.


Herein, the aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea has been used as a safe, cheap, eco-friendly, and applicable scale-up method to bio-fabricate copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs). The character of CuO-NPs were determined using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray(EDX), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. Spherical and crystalline CuO-NPs with a size range of 5–30 nm at a maximum surface plasmon resonance of 275 nm were successfully fabricated. The main components of the green-synthesized particles were Cu and O with weight percentages of 49.92 and 28.45%, respectively. A Zeta-potential value of −24.6 mV was recorded for CuO-NPs, indicating their high stability. The plant-based CuO-NPs showed promising antimicrobial and catalytic activity in a dose-dependent manner. Results showed that the synthesized CuO-NPs had the efficacy to inhibit the growth of pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans with low MIC values in the ranges of 6.25–25 µg/mL. The highest decolorization percentages of tanning wastewater were attained under sunlight irradiation conditions at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL after 200 min with percentages of 88.6 ± 1.5% compared to those which were recorded under dark conditions (70.3 ± 1.2%). The physicochemical parameters of tanning wastewater including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and conductivity under optimum conditions were significantly decreased with percentages of 95.2, 86.7, 91.4, 87.2, and 97.2%, respectively. Interestingly, the heavy metals including cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr (VI)) decreased with percentages of 73.2, 80.8, 72.4, 64.4, and 91.4%, respectively, after treatment of tanning wastewater with CuO-NPs under optimum conditions. Overall, the plant-synthesized CuO-NPs that have antimicrobial and catalytic activities are considered a promising nano-catalyst and environmentally beneficial to wastewater treatment.


In making routine dental examinations of patients applying for treatment at the Peiping Union Medical College, Peiping, China, the writer noted a comparative absence of decay in the teeth of the Chinese. This suggested a study of the incidence of dental caries among these people. There are no published reports to show that such an investigation among a large group of living Chinese has ever been made. This is a report of the findings in a study of dental caries in one thousand individuals, who, for the most part Chinese, lived in North China. There were also a few Mongols, and a scattering of natives of the Southern provinces residing in the North. Examinations of small groups were conducted from time to time over a period of five years, beginning in 1924. Most of these groups were examined in Peiping and vicinity. In the groups were individuals from all social classes, including (1) school children, male and female, from the primary grades to and including Middle (High) School; (2) university students (chiefly males) residing in Peiping, but coming from most of China's eighteen provinces; (3) male factory workers; and (4) a heterogeneous group of individuals that came to the Dental Clinic of the Peiping Union Medical College for treatment. One group of 110, military-police students from various parts of the province of Shansi, were a rugged peasant-type ranging from 18 to 30 years of age. A small group of 25 young Mongols, male and female from 9 to 26 years of age, belonged ethnologically to the semi-nomadic


The inverse process of computational fluid dynamics was used to explore the expected indoor environment with the preset objectives. An inverse design method integrating genetic algorithm and self-updating artificial neural network is presented. To reduce the computational cost and eliminate the impact of prediction error of artificial neural network, a self-updating artificial neural network is proposed to realize the self-adaption of computational fluid dynamics database, where all the design objectives of solutions are obtained by computational fluid dynamics instead of artificial neural network. The proposed method was applied to the inverse design of an MD-82 aircraft cabin. The result shows that the performance of artificial neural network is improved with the increase of computational fluid dynamics database. When the number of computational fluid dynamics cases is more than 80, the success rate of artificial neural network increases to more than 40%. Comparing to genetic algorithm and computational fluid dynamics, the proposed hybrid method reduces about 53% of the computational cost. The pseudo solutions are avoided when the self-updating artificial neural network is adopted. In addition, the number of computational fluid dynamics cases is determined automatically, and the requirement of human adjustment is avoided.


The potential of a material to switch the squander heat into electricity depends on the magnitude of conductivities and the Seebeck coefficient. In this comprehensive report, we have made an effort to simulate the properties of Ba2LaNbO6 within the instructions of density functional theory. The exchange‐correlation potential is probed through local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation. The modified Becke‐Johnson potential was also incorporated. The mechanical and structural stabilities are defined through the computation of elastic constants and optimization of total energy, respectively. The computed lattice parameters are consistent with the experimentally reported results. Band structure and energy state distribution plots portray the semiconducting behavior for Ba2LaNbO6. The thermoelectric effectiveness of Ba2LaNbO6 is predicted by computing parameters like the Seebeck coefficient, the figure of merit. The Seebeck coefficient exhibits pronounced peaks on either side of the Fermi level while ZT peaks have a value close to unity.


A multi-finger nMOST is widely used as an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device especially in the input/output pads. However, the contact-spiking leakage phenomenon in an MOST are seriously impacted the ESD capability. Therefore, one drain-side engineering is investigated in this paper, i.e., by adding a negative-type well (nWell) structure in the drain-side of device, hoping to avoid contact-spiking issues to enhance ESD reliability. The nWell width variations will be explored the influence on snapback parameters of ESD devices in a 0.35μm 3.3V low voltage (LV) process. However, after a systematic analysis, it is found that adding an nWell structure in the drain-side will lower ESD capability (It2 value) about 24% for this process. And, as compared with the original reference DUT, adding any nWell in the drain-side will make the Vh value slightly decreasing about 1%.


Phenolic compounds make up one of the major families of secondary metabolites widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and they are found in foods of vegetable origin, constituting an integral part of our daily diet and in wild species as the major bioactive components that has shown to exhibit anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, antioxidant and anti-viral activities. The present work is devoted to the study of antiradical and antimicrobial activities of aqueous and organic extracts (Ethanol 70%) of Trachyspermum ammi (T.ammi) aerial parts. In order to compare its antioxidant activities, samples were extracted with 100% water or 70% ethanol. Their total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid (TFC) and condensed tannin (CT) contents as well as DPPH and ABTS assays were measured. In addition, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of all extracts were also investigated against six human pathogenic bacteria and one fungal strain (Candida albicans). Our result has shown that, aqueous extract has demonstrated the best concentration in TPC (162.17 mg GAE.g dw) and TFC (91.22 mg RE.g dw) as compared to the ethanolic fraction. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in term of condensed tannin content (14.85 vs 14.23 mg CE.g dw). Furthermore, the aqueous extract has shown the best antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 4.26 and 4.89 μg.ml for ABTS and DPPH assays, respectively. The assessment of antimicrobial activity has shown that the remarkable inhibition of the bacterial and fungi growth was observed almost against all strains notably for the ethanolic extract for which all tested microbial strains was highly sensitive with an inhibition zone that significantly exceed that of the antibiotic tested under the same conditions. The results of our current study has demonstrated that extracts from T.ammi aerial parts can be used as a practical food additive or preservative in various food products and as a potential source of antimicrobial components.


This is about the grinding process of the sheet metal operated on the surface grinding machine. The method has such features,the less deformation of the sheet metal,the better quality of the grinded surface,the lower cost and the higher efficiency.It's valuable for improving the quality of product and reducing production cost.


With reference to current ecumenical discussions on how to deal with the guilt that churches have incurred in relation to other churches, this article looks back from an evangelical perspective at Martin Luther's interpretation of forgiveness of sin and guilt. Luther's interpretation of the request for forgiveness in the Lord's Prayer in the Gospel of Matthew 6:12 in the Sermon on the Mount is at the centre of this discussion. The article reconstructs Luther's view in connection with his interpretation of the Sermon on the Mount as a whole, which focuses on the question of the perfection of Christians and their Christian lives. Here the basic features of Luther's ethics and ecclesiology also become clear. With the forgiveness of guilt and the misconduct of fellow human beings, Luther is also concerned with whether a Christian really lives in the reality of divine forgiveness of sins, and to that extent with God. It becomes clear in the reconstruction of Luther's interpretation of the Sermon on the Mount that for Luther interpersonal forgiveness is an expression of certainty about God's forgiveness and that in Luther's understanding Christian faith is always very close connected with a respective practical life.


Most of existing multicast congestion control mechanisms transmit multimedia services by simulating TCP windows mechanism.Although these mechanisms are friendly to TCP flows,the sending rate fluctuates sharply,which can not sat-isfy the demands that multimedia flow needs smooth transmitting rate and stable bandwidth.Based on fuzzy control theory,a multicast rate adjusting algorithm(FC-MRAA) is proposed for smoothness and TCP-friendliness.In the new algorithm,two fuzzy controllers are designed,one of which calculates the control parameter based on the feedback information from multi-cast receivers to keep TCP-friendly,and the other one computes the control gain to adjust sending rate further for smoothness based on the possession of router buffer.Simulation results show that the new algorithm has well smoothness and TCP-friendliness.


This research project examined options for future regional development policy in Scotland. The specific aim of the project was to consider how regional development policy in Scotland could evolve in the context of past experience, the changing European policy environment and lessons from other parts of Europe.