Introduction: Despite that hospital readmission after CABG surgery became an international concern, fewstudies have focused on nurse's role in the reduction of the readmission rate.The purpose: This reviewaims to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions that are reported to reduce patient's readmissionpost CABG surgery. Methods: a systematic review following the PRISM Aprotocol was operated. Relevantstudies were retrieved from two main electronic databases. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria.The retrieved studies were conducted to identify the effectiveness of nursing interventions on readmissionrate among patients post CABG surgery. Different types of nursing interventions were identified andgenerally, it decreased the readmission rate among patients in most of the studies. Conclusion: Differentnursing interventions have been reported to reduce readmission rate after coronary artery bypass graftsurgery. However, a better reporting of these nursing interventions and linking it with nursing staff trainingand qualification is recommended.This review is registered at PROSPERO; the registration number is: CRD42020143206


The invention provides a preparation method of monkshood or radix aconite total alkaloid extractive, comprising the following steps of: absorbing monkshood or radix aconite extractive-containing water solution by macroporous adsorption resin, washing by water or alkaline water solution of which the pH is 8-10, removing impurity, eluting by acid ethanol-water solution of which the pH is less than or equal to 5 and the ethanol volume content is 50-90%, collecting eluant, and removing solvent to obtain the monkshood or radix aconite total alkaloid extractive. The crude product of the extractive is the extractive purified by the method, so that the impurity can be completely removed, the required alkaloid ingredient can not be lost and damaged, the corresponding alkaloid ingredient can be sufficiently eluted, the preparation method is high in yield, and the problem that the conventional alkaloid is serious in loss can be effectively solved.


Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by the half‐normal activity of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMB‐synthase). Affected individuals can experience episodic, life‐threatening, acute neurological attacks that are precipitated by various drugs, dieting, and hormonal changes. Intravenous hematin is used to treat the attacks, but a more effective, preventive therapy is needed, especially for patients with frequent attacks. Since the disease is a hepatic encephalopathy, efforts were focused towards evaluating four different combinations of liver‐specific enhancers and promoters for maximal hepatic HMB‐synthase expression.


The mRNAs encoding two enzymes of phen- ylpropanoid metabolism, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 126.96.36.199) and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL; EC 188.8.131.52), were induced in cultured parsley cells (Petroselinum hortense) either by irradiation with UV light or by treatment with elici- tor, a cell-wall fraction of the fungus Phytophthora mega- sperma f. sp. glycinea. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the encoded PAL and 4CL proteins revealed that the mRNAs induced by either treatment were very similar if not identical. RNA blot hybridization with cDNAs complementary to these mRNAs was used to measure changes in the mRNA amounts at various times after either treatment. Total cellular PAL and 4CL mRNA amounts increased coordinately after UV irradia- tion to a maximum at 7 hr and then decreased to uninduced levels by 30 hr with the same kinetics as observed previously for the changes in the translational activities. Treatment with the fungal elicitor also caused coordinated, but more rapid, changes in PAL and 4CL mRNA translational activities, with a sharp peak occurring 3 hr after the addition of elicitor. Corre- sponding changes in mRNA amounts were observed only for 4CL, whereas the amount of PAL mRNA continued to in- crease at least up to 20 hr after elicitor addition. Our results suggest that parsley cells respond to UV irradiation or addition of fungal elicitor by increased rates of transcription of genes involved in the synthesis of compounds related to UV or dis- ease resistance, respectively.


Fitting straight lines with replicated observations is considered in this paper This topic is closely related to very basic operations, for example, calibration curves relating measured value of response to a property of materials, comparison of two analytical methods applied to a range of test materials, relationships in which time is the x-variate, and parameter estimation methods. The subject has a great interest in the field of chemical and physical measurements, which are widely applied in the pharmaceuticals and related sciences.


In this paper, it is shown that contactless pH sensing is enabled using high-resolution ultra-high Q microwave sensor. The platform is based on a passive planar resonator, which operates at 2.6 GHz and is reinforced by a positive active feedback circuitry. The positive feedback loop compensates the power loss of the sensor and, as a result, provides an extremely high quality-factor and selectivity enabling noncontact sensing of small complex permittivity variation. Solutions with various pH levels in the range of 1 to 10 have been detected distinctively. The sensor demonstrates a frequency shift of 275 kHz when the pH of the liquid changes from neutral $\mathbf{pH}\ (\mathbf{pH}=\mathbf{7})$ to $\mathbf{pH}=\mathbf{1}$.


In order to provide a highly formalized ontology merging of hierarchical information modeling for distributed management, the Extenics-based approach is introduced to formalize ontology merging of both Management Information Base (MIB) models and MIB instances. The aim of this paper is then to utilize ontology merging at the meta-schema level based on concept lattices to generate semantic models for ontology merging of MIB models using basic-elements in the form of matter-elements, and realize the formal presentation of both MIB instances for ontology merging and implicit knowledge for MIB instances with the use of the extension theory for basic-elements. The proposed Extenics-based ontology merging approach for both MIB models and MIB instances integrates with the former approach for meta-schema based on concept lattices, and aims to promote the formalization level of hierarchical information modeling for distributed management in a unified ontologydriven manner.


In Daniel Defoe's "A Journal of the Plague Year", the first-person narrator, H.F., a businessman in London, depicts the horror of the approaching death and his spiritual conversion during the plague year of 1665. Confronting the unknown disease, H.F. repeatedly changes his statements between two different beliefs. On one hand, he believes in the religious discourse, taking the plague as a punishment from the angry God, and on the other hand, he believes in the medical discourse, assuming the plague a contagious disease spread by physical contacts between people. Obviously, H.F.'s statements contradict each other, and this essay will analyze the inconsistencies in his ideas. This study will focus on H.F.'s simultaneous belief and doubt in both God and men; sometimes he wonders whether the omnipotent God will save men from the dreadfulness of the plague, at other times he looks to human manipulation of science and reason to rescue the suffering men from the hands of Death. Looking into the scientific, philosophical, and intellectual progresses during the English Enlightenment, this paper hopes to examine the odd relationship between religion and science and explain why they could conflict with each other but still coexist harmoniously. This essay proposes that H.F.'s contradicting beliefs are reasonable in the Enlightenment, because the religious and scientific beliefs were superimposing each other in the age when the authority of science was rising and the belief in the Christian God was being challenged.


The landslides and flows cause significant direct damage to lives and property. A system for monitoring these signs can be the most powerful tool for disaster prevention. In the natural hazard of slope, the signs for rain warning is very useful for disaster prevention. Labeling the rain warning seems to be an important and useful job for disaster prevention. In this paper, two neural network models are used for labeling the rain warning. These two models are the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and the long short-term memory (LSTM). The raw data consist of four observations such as time (time), rainfall (rain), groundwater level (W1) and displacements of inclinometers (SAA-11 and SAA-20). The RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) using LSTM is 0.161 and RMSE using MLP is 0.212. In the experimental results, LSTM is better than MLP.


In this paper, a new method for detecting the presence of broken rotor bars is presented. The proposed approach is valid for induction machines started at constant frequency and consists of extracting the instantaneous frequency (IF) of the left sideband harmonic (LSH) from the start-up current (LSHst), via the Hilbert transform. It is shown that, in the case of machines with one or several broken bars, the IF of the LSHst exhibits a very characteristic and easy to identify pattern, which is physically justified. This paper also shows that, if the IF of the LSHst is represented against the slip, a universal fault indicator (nondependent neither on the machine characteristics nor on the starting conditions) can be defined. This fault indicator consists of the correlation between the experimental IF of the LSHst and its theoretical evolution. This approach is theoretically introduced and experimentally validated by testing a commercial motor in faulty and healthy conditions, under different operating conditions.


The modern financial situation demonstrates tough asymmetry in financial development between the territorial units, which are the capital cities, and the «second» cities of constituent units of the Russian Federation. This is based upon chronic deficit of inner financial sources for covering the budget expenditure items of the latter ones. The instruments of municipal units' fiscal capacity level equalization, which are being implemented by the national government, lead to adverse effects. These effects of national fiscal practice include the resource dependence on the upper level and lack of interest of the «vice-capitals'» local authorities to broaden the inner income base, disbalance between economic, social, natural-resource components of urban environment's sustainable development and the fall of the residents' quality of living. In this connection, the effectiveness research of the current managerial mechanism of fiscal capacity of the «second» cities of constituent units of the Russian Federation in the context of the sustainable development concept is extremely important. The results of the survey on the packaged approach to economical and statistical assessment of the fiscal capacity level as a defining factor of sustainable development of the urban environment and the residents' quality of living in «vice-capitals» of constituent units of the Russian Federation (the case of Magnitogorsk and Nizhniy Tagil) are presented in this article. Having used the packaged approach, the authors have brought to light the interconnection between the level of the «second» cities' fiscal capacity and indicator values of ecological and socio-economic well-being of the analysed area. Additionally, they have revealed the character and direction of this connection as well as assessed the competence of management of the financial opportunities generation and usage by means of determining the indicator values of the areas' fiscal capacity as of the current date and comparing them with optimum values.


ABSTRACT Coloading and codelivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs as techniques for effective therapy have drawn attention but still present a challenge owing to the opposite nature of both drugs. Therefore, determining a convenient method for coloading and coreleasing hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in the development of biomedical devices is important. We constructed multilayer films with a microporous structure for the successful coloading of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. The multilayer films were fabricated using chitosan (CS) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) via layer-by-layer self-assembly. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to investigate the self-assembly of (CS/PAA) in films. With a low pH to change the inner structure of the multilayer films, these microporous structures exhibit humidity responsiveness and can return to the original compact structures by treatment with 100% relative humidity. The microporous films can simultaneously load a large number of hydrophobic drugs (tetracycline) and hydrophilic model drugs (Rhodamine B) by wicking and subsequent micropore self-healing. The loading and release ratio of the two drugs in the microporous films is consistent with the initial loading ratio in the solution, providing a good platform for coloading and codelivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs in biomedical applications.


A low carbon steel (0.07-wt % carbon) sheet metal was deformed in five different strain paths, from equi-biaxial tension to plane strain to near uniaxial tension, by in-plane stretching. Textural developments were characterized by X-ray Orientation Distribution Function (ODFs) and the same were simulated using different Taylor type deformation texture models. A strong difference in bulk texture developments was observed at respective strain paths. The textural differences largely explain the changes observed in normal anisotropy values obtained by mechanical testing. The new deformation texture simulation model, Lamel, was quite successful in predicting quantitatively such textural differences. Microscopically, the significant features of the substructures were strain localizations-first generation dense dislocation walls (DDWs) and micro bands (MBs). Both in-grain rotations and estimated stored energies did depend on the relative appearance of such strain localizations. These, on the other hand, were distinctly related to the textural softening or dM/de, where M and e are the Taylor factor and true strain, respectively.


This paper is aimed at presenting SSRI online: an e-learning initiative started at the University of Milan (Italy) for the academic year 2004/05. The initiative consisted in offering an already existing three-years academic degree course ("laurea in Sicurezza dei Sistemi e delle Reti Informatiche SSRI": a post-bachelor course on security of computer systems and networks) not only in the "traditional" way (mainly based on classroom lectures and labs) but also online. Main aspects discussed in the following sections are: • the players of the initiative and their roles; • the adopted teaching model; • the technological solutions identified and/or implemented to support the initiative; • the characteristics of the student population choosing SSRI online; • the first results obtained after almost one year. 1. SSRI online: why and who The University of Milan has a significant experience in the usage of technologies for supporting teaching. Main player in this arena is an inter-departmental center (CTU) devoted to study and apply multimedia-based methodologies and technologies to teaching. During the last four years, CTU produced more than 300 e-learning modules complementing traditional lectures, and made available to students through a web platform (ARIEL) completely designed and implemented by CTU itself. Previous experiences at the University of Milan had been carried out, mainly by the computer science and technology departments, using synchronous virtual classes to give lectures to remote students and making video recording of lectures to offer asynchronous support to students occasionally missing classroom activities. However, all these previous experiences were designed to "support" traditional teaching, not intended as a "substitute" for it. Students working full time or living far away from Milan were supposed to integrate the elearning material whit books, notes from colleagues, etc., without explicit help from the university. Besides adopting a novel approach to e-learning, the SSRI course – launched in 2003 – is the first and unique threeyears university course centered on ICT Security available in Italy. This uniqueness makes the course interesting for students spread over the overall country, and for this reason it became an ideal candidate for an e-learning version. A further aspect making SSRI an ideal candidate for adopting e-learning was the fact that "traditional" version of it (i.e., the location were classes are given) is hosted at a campus located in Crema, a small town 40 km. Southeast of Milan, where the Information Technology Department is situated. While the location provides a nice and quite environment for students going to the Campus, the geographical distance and limited public transportation make it not easily reachable. An online version of SSRI would have then be interesting also for students living in Milan but having difficulties in reaching Crema (no highway from Milan to Crema, time-consuming public transportations, traffic jam, ...). Based on the observation above, and willing to experience a initiative completely online, one year ago the University of Milan decided to activate SSRI online, involving in the initiative: • the Department of Information Technologies in Crema, providing the courses and whose professors 1 Full professor, responsible for online version of SSRI 2 CTU director 3 Full professor, president of the University commission for ICT strategies 4 Full professor, president of the SSRI didactical coordination council 5 CTU project manager for SSRI online 6 Full professor, 1 year teacher in SSRI online agreed to: o re-design their lectures for the online version; o identify and train tutors for online interaction with students; o overview online learning and make examinations; • the inter-departmental center CTU, devoted to: o identify the best suited teaching model; o identify the technological tools allowing the production of the online version of SSRI; o drive the production of the online material, to ensure quality and homogeneity among the various courses; o implement and manage the platform offering SSRI online; o provide process tutoring (daily interaction with students, closely monitoring the student s' progresses, etc.); o handle – in conjunction with the student secretariat in Crema – all the logistics aspects. To support the design of the didactical model and of the online material, the university team has been complemented by consultants from Isvor Knowledge System, a company specialized in the production of e-learning courses.


The organo-pillared octahedral–tetrahedral (O/T) layer solid Co4(SO4)(OH)6(H2NC2H4NH2)0.5·3H2O is robust to loss of water molecules within the galleries, thermally stable to 300 °C and orders as a metamagnet below 14 K.


on the reactivation of an old M. tuberculosis infection during the course ofan unrelated myeloproliferative disease. Similarly, Grillo-Lopez et alii" have stated that tuberculosis may complicate myeloproliferative disease more frequently than it does Hodgkin's disease. The patient in the present case was an emaciated, middle-aged man, who complained of weight loss and had a "spiking" temperature. Atypical mycobacteria were seen in smears made from the exudate of the spleen lesions; these organisms were subsequently cultured and found to be M. kansasii, not pathogenic to guinea-pigs. Atypical mycobacteria were also found in liver granulomas. Atypical mycobacterial infection in man is commonly pulmonary; however, lymph nodes, bones, meninges and other organs may be affected. When M. kansasii infections do occur, they are usually associated with pancytopenia.8 The portal of entry for the extrapulmonary infections is presumed to be the lungs, but no clinical or X-ray evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis has been detected," as was the case with this patient. M. kansasii infection normally leads to chronic pulmonary disease in the adult patient, and to cervical granulomatous lymphadenitis with adherence to the overlying skin in children. I 0 The histological appearances of classical and atypical tuberculosis are generally indistinguishable.l ' and in many cases the diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial infection is made only in retrospect.'? 13 Person-to-person transmission of such atypical infections has so far not been proved. 2 In the present case, the microscopic bone-marrow and lymph-node appearances indicate that these tissues were affected by a variant of myeloproliferative disease-megakaryo-


This paper describes a computer-based system for construction quality management. The system tasks are derived from the elements of ISO 9001 standard and designed to integrate with other computer-aided project management functions. They can assist management in (1) the definition of requirements/criteria for design, construction, and quality management; (2) the development of inspection and test plans; (3) the tracking of actual inspection/test results; (4) the verification of their conformance to defined criteria; (5) the documentation of past experience in the form of standard templates for assisting the tasks involved; and (6) the generation of reports. A model was defined for representing the information used in the system tasks. The central role of the inspection and test plan representation was exploited to associate to construction components and processes, relevant inspections/tests, requirements/criteria, actual results, and nonconformance analyses. Templates were devised to enable the reuse of predefined packages of information, which recur from project to project. The developed system will render the assisted quality management tasks more effective. Its use was tested on data from different construction domains.


The control strategy of Bullwhip effect in the environment of electronic business (EB) net marketing was researched. A dynamic model with a distribution center and multi customers was designed. It is shown that there often takes place a disturbance at the customer layer in the environment of EB net marketing. Under the worst demand disturbance in customer layer, applying H ∞control theory, an H ∞ control strategy was designed to reduce the bullwhip effect. A simulation of Shanhai baosteel Electronic Business website was examined. The result of simulation shows that the bullwhip effect can be reduced.


Not only did the New Deal expand the permissible areas of governmental activity, it also transformed the structure of the Federal Government. President Roosevelt's innovations centralized within large bureaucracies power that previously had been dispersed among the three governmental branches. This consolidation of power fits uneasily into the constitutional framework established by the Founders. This Note explores the jurisprudential implications of the New Deal watershed and elaborates a post-New Deal theory of allocation of governmental power. Part I begins with a discussion of the Federalist theory of separation of powers.1 For the Federalists, two conditions ensured an effective separation. First, governmental branches must be institutionally independent; each must be free from control by the others. Second, the branches must be functionally specialized; each must wield a distinct component of governmental power, so that the assent of all three is required for government action. Until the New Deal, the Supreme Court incorporated this theory into its jurisprudence through the nondelegation doctrine, which limited the discretionary authority of administrative agencies. The Court displaced this limitation in the late 1930's and early 1940's with a series of decisions approving massive delegations of authority to the executive branch. Contemporary separation of powers analysts dispute the meaning of the Court's repudiation of the nondelegation doctrine. Separation of powers "purists" insist on maintaining strict boundaries among the legislative, executive, and judicial functions, while "partialists" emphasize the balance of power among institutionally independent branches. Part II presents an alternative, two-tiered theory. According to this theory, the nondelegation doctrine's demise was accompanied by the birth of a "consolidation principle" requiring concentration of the government's operational power within administrative agencies. Such consolidation must


Al3+-doped ZnO nano-powder was prepared by sol-gel process, using tin tetrachloride and titanium tetrachloride as starting materials. The crystallinity and purity of the powder were analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectrometer (XRD). And the size and distribution of Al3+-doped ZnO grains were studied using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the Al3+ was successfully doped into the crystal lattice of tin oxide and that the electric conductivity of Al3+-doped ZnO sample was improved significantly.


The recent description of the mineral zincolivenite with a composition intermediate between olivenite and adamite, and an XRD pattern that is not easily distinguished from the latter, makes almost all historic identifications of British adamite unreliable. A review of British occurrences shows that most of the material that has been reported as adamite is in fact zincolivenite. Zincolivenite occurs at Penberthy Croft Mine and Wheal Phoenix, Cornwall; Dolyhir Quarry, Powys; Ecton Hill, Staffordshire; Potts Gill, Sandbed and Driggith mines (and several smaller trials) in the Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria; High Longrigg Mine and Stennerskeugh Clouds Mine, Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria; and at Tynagh Mine in Co. Galway. The only definite British occurrences of adamite are at the Potts Gill, Driggith and Sandbed mines (including Howthwaite Trial) in the Caldbeck Fells and at Hilton Mine, Scordale, Cumbria. Specimens that have formed by the supergene oxidation of tennantite as at Tynagh Mine, High Longrigg Mine, Ecton Hill and Dolyhir Quarry tend to cluster toward the copper-rich end of the zincolivenite composition spectrum and are phosphate free. Those from orebodies in the Caldbeck Fells and Cornwall where the arsenate has been supplied by oxidising arsenopyrite are more variable in their composition.


Let C be an abelian topological group ,A a trivial C-module.In this paper we show that the second cohomology of C with the 2-divisible coefficient is isomorphic to the direct sum of the second cohomology of a Lie ring c , whose underlying group is C, and the group of symmetric cocycles. Also there is an isomorphism between the categories of abelian topological groups of nilpotency class two,with a continuous section , and that of Lie rings of nilpotency class two. Mathematics Subject Classification: 22A05


The BS 9760 series of specifications, covering rigid and flexible printed circuits, is described. The objectives and structure of the BS 9000 specification system are also described, with particular emphasis on the Capability Approval procedure invoked by BS 9760 (1977). BS 9760 requires the use of standard test patterns wherever possible, thus ensuring a consistent assessment of each approved manufacturer. Recently agreed additions to the current documents include a revised thermal shock test for plated through‐holes, a test pattern and tests for solder‐resist and marking inks, and a procedure for assessing re‐work. Draft harmonised CECC specifications have a very strong relationship with BS 9760.


Trends in density and fragility are analyzed in the Ge-As-Se, As-Se and Ge-Se system for the purpose of identifying correlation with structural characteristics related to topology, stoichiometry and dimensionality. The Ge-As-Se system provides the most revealing testbed as it permits to isolate individual effects. The fragility of Ge-As-Se glasses is clearly controlled by stoichiometric factors while the topological transition at =2.4 is not observed in this system. The density of Ge-As-Se glasses broadly increase with average coordination but show two anomalies centered near = 2.4 and 2.67. These anomalies merge into a single extremum corresponding to stoichiometric compositions when plotted against excess/deficiency in Se, thereby revealing their common link to stoichiometric factors. Nevertheless, when stoichiometric factors are fixed, dimensional effects are revealed in the form of a linear dependence upon content of tetrahedral Ge. Similarly, a diffuse maximum at the topological transition of = 2.4 is observed when only Se-excess compositions are considered. For the As-Se system, a local maximum in fragility is observed at the two dimensional composition As2Se3, contrary to predictions from topological or stoichiometric factors, thereby indicating that dimensional effect control the fragile behavior. Finally, in the Ge-Se system, a topological transition associated with balance of constraints and degrees of freedom is found at = 2.4 when contributions from stoichiometry and dimensionality are absent. In all system, no case is found where topological effects dominate either stoichiometric or dimensional effects, hence it can be concluded that it is the least predominant contribution while stoichiometry is found to be the prevailing effect.


A description is given of the EBR-2 fuel cycle. The effects of nitrogen on the crucible skulls from melt refining are described at length. (W.L.H.)


The purpose of this study was to examine how football clubs in the Swedish first divisioncommunicate about their youth activities. The goal of the essay was also to contribute with newinsights abou ...


In Langevin‐Dynamics simulations of large aggregates of up to 106 dust grains we study the continuous transition from a liquid‐like to a solid state. In this freezing two‐dimensional Yukawa liquid the hexagonal solid phase cascades to larger scales by domain merging, while defects pile up on the domain boundaries creating filamentary regions of enhanced grain mobility. The formation of larger crystal domains from merging is the analogy of vortex merging in two‐dimensional fluid turbulence, and the filaments of enstrophy dissipation in the fluid is the analogy of the thin strands of enhanced mobility surrounding the domains. The geometry of these filaments exhibit similar intermittent properties in the two systems and are characterized by an evolving multifractal dimension spectrum.


This study sought to empirically analyze the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in Nigeria. The work covered a period of 1990 Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. A growth model via the Ordinar method was used to ascertain the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Nigeria. The result of the OLS regression indicated that FDI has a positive and significant relationship with the growth of Nigerian economy for the period und recommended that the Central Bank of Nigeria should come stabilize the Naira exchange rate vis-à-vis the major currencies of the world, like the United States Dollar. This will boost the investors' confidence in the economy. strive to put under check corrupt and fraudulent practices, encourage self provide access to loan such as micro financing and above all eradicate terrorism that has chased many foreign investors away from Nigeria.


The strangest events happened after Shanta attended a prayer meeting held in remembrance of a dead woman. A woman she had only vaguely heard about, but never met. Shanta's father had rung her to say that Meera, a distant relative, had died three days ago. Since Meera had lived all her life in the hills and few knew her in Delhi, could she come and attend the prayer meeting? When Shanta arrived there were ten or twelve people sitting quietly facing a garlanded photograph, in front of which incense sticks burnt steadily. The picture was that of a woman in her mid-forties; my own age Shanta had thought with surprise. Her eyes were gentle, tinged with a thoughtful sadness, as though she had seen suffering and had tried to understand it. Despite that, the woman in the photograph smiled with genuine warmth that drew Shanta to her. She is a person I would have liked to know, Shanta admitted to herself, and was startled by her own thought. After a few minutes one of the men rose and said,


We consider the secret key generation (SKG) problem for short-range communication (SRC) systems. Specifically, we focus on the problem that secret key generation schemes relying on the entropy of the channel are not suitable for SRC systems, which are characterized by the absence of fading. To mitigate this problem, we introduce the concept of geometric secrecy and propose a new phase-based SKG which relies only on the reciprocity of the channel in order to securely generate mutual secret keys in the presence of an eavesdropper. The method is validated via a theoretical analysis which shows that for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges typical of SRC systems, an efficient secret key generation can be achieved.


Climate changes are caused directly or indirectly by the human activities that determine the modification of the global atmosphere composition to which it is added the natural climate variability observed through a comparable period of time. The effects are visible especially by the increase of the average global temperature with 0.6-0.2°C from the moment when it is started to be monitored, 1860 respectively. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the European Community (EC) has agreed to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG). The paper aims to analyze the registered at European level for reducing of greenhouse emissions due to the economical and fiscal instruments.


Background: Between May 1995 and April 1996, 20 patients with Behçet's disease were successfully treated with interferon α2a (IFN-α2a) 9 million IU/day three times a week and 16 patients with colchicine 1.5 mg/day orally for 3 months. Objective: To study the long-term effects of IFN treatment in Behçet's disease. Methods: Between the years of 1996 and 1999, the patients were followed up every 3 months or whenever indicated. Retrospective evaluation was performed. Results: In 56% of the patients with complete remission or partial remission at the end of IFN-α2a treatment, long-term remissions ranging from 36 to 48 months were observed. Conclusion: IFN-α2a treatment is an effective treatment modality in Behçet's disease with the advantage of inducing prolonged remissions.


A detailed study of the two-step spin-state conversion in [Fe II (5-NO 2 -sal-N(1,4,7,10))] is presented with special emphasis on the structural changes evidenced by a multitemperature X-ray crystal and molecular structure study (292, 153, 103 K). The ligand (5-NO 2 -sal-N(1,4,7,10)) results from the Schiff base condensation of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde with tetraazadecane in a 2: 1 ratio. The title molecule crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2/c, with Z=2 and a=10.153(1) A, b=8.490(3) A, c=13.173(2) A, and β=109.93(2) o at 292 K


How does a group of people collaborate and take turns when no speaking is allowed? Unlike previous studies on turn-taking (e.g. Duncan 1972; Sacks, Schegloff & Jefferson 1974; Kendon 1967; Ochs et al. 1996), the context of this inquiry is linguistically independent. The present study intends to contribute to the literature by presenting data collected in a silent improvisation session in the context of the performing arts and its quali-quantitative analysis, where the focus is on how the body, rather than speech, participates in collaborative decision-making. Five expert performers and five non-performers, joined by choreographer Jo ̃ao Fiadeiro, were filmed separately during a contemporary dance exercise, the "Real-Time Composition Game" (Fiadeiro 2007). The Game involves participants sitting around a table, and through means of selfselection, performing single actions at a time on a table using various objects to develop compositions and learn the nature of improvisation.


squamous cell cancer of the esophagus presented for endoscopic management of refractory dysphagia. A malignant−ap− pearing esophageal stricture was identi− fied 20 cm from the incisors (l" Fig. 1). The stricture was dilated with 6− to 8−mm and 8− to 10−mm balloon dilators. An 18 mm " 10 cm Alimaxx fully covered nitinol stent (Alveolus, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina, USA) was then placed un− der fluoroscopic guidance across the stricture. Several hours after the procedure, the pa− tient developed inspiratory stridor. He presented to the emergency department approximately 12 hours later. Plain radio− graphs of the neck showed the stent posi− tioned just distal to the upper esophageal sphincter (l" Fig. 2). A CT scan revealed a focal soft tissue prominence between the esophagus and trachea at the level of T1, indicating prior radiation, residual mass, or recent injury (l" Fig. 3). There was no evidence of external airway compression. Fiberoptic laryngoscopy demonstrated bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Despite re− moval of the stent, the patient required a tracheostomy. The most common causes of bilateral vo− cal cord paralysis in adults include iatro− genic recurrent laryngeal nerve injury during thyroidectomy or endotracheal in− tubation, followed by neurologic disor− ders and malignancy [1]. Additionally, there are reports of laryngeal nerve pa− ralysis secondary to achalasia [2], esoph− ageal foreign bodies [3], and use of an esophageal overtube [4]. In the present case, we presume the cause of injury was recurrent laryngeal nerve compression following placement of the esophageal stent. The delay in presentation to the emergency department may also have re− sulted in more severe nerve injury as therapeutic decompression was delayed. Verschuur et al. recently reported their experience with esophageal stents in the proximal esophagus [5]. Twenty−one per− cent of subjects in their study experi− enced major complications including as− piration pneumonia, hemorrhage, fistula, and perforation. Stridor was not reported. We would suggest that endoscopists con− sider recurrent laryngeal nerve injury as a potential complication following proxi− mal esophageal stent placement.


Two psychological views of terrorism are described, approaching it as a "syndrome" and as a "tool" respectively. Research thus far found little support for the syndrome view. The heterogeneity of terrorism's users is consistent with the tool view, affording an analysis of terrorism in terms of goal–means psychology.


In 1979 the finale of David Attenborough's Life on Earth featured Attenborough's iconic forest floor romp with mountain gorillas. Two decades later and Sir David was still being asked to re-enact this memorable piece of television on the Parkinson chat show. Life on Earth had become the BBC's first David Attenborough blockbuster to be followed by The Trials of Life, The Living Planet, The Life of Plants, up to the most recent, The Life of Mammals, in 2002. The outcome of this success has been to invest BBC natural history television with scientific authority. The BBC Natural History Unit and BBC Wildlife Magazine have become dominant conduits for popular natural science in the UK. Natural history television often relied implicitly upon science for advice and subject material. Recently the links have been made explicit with wildlife filmmakers and scientists' research depicted working hand in hand, e.g. The Blue Planet and Walking with Dinosaurs. However the very success of the BBC's wildlife output has produced a schism between the presentation of natural history and of the other sciences, e.g. cosmology, geology, non-wildlife biology. These sciences, explored in other generic programmes, e.g. Horizon or specific series e.g. Space, are promoted separately from natural history programmes. This schism extends to the BBC's website, www.bbc.co.uk, which separates the genres between '/science' and '/nature', respectively. The science of natural history not only occupies its own broadcasting niche; it works to a different paradigm.


AbstractA method for determining monoamine oxidase in human serum with 14C-butylamine as substrate is described. The optimal experimental conditions for the determination are given.


Electronic transition energies of radical cations of 1.2-, 1.3-, 1.6-, and 1.7−dihydroxynaphthalenes are calculated using an open-shell SCF method with configuration interaction. The results are critically analyzed and a correlation diagram is given that shows the energy-shift and intensity variation in the electronic transitions when moving from one system to another, thus revealing the characteristic behavior of the transitions depending on the positions of the hydroxyl substituents. An interesting relation connecting the electronic spectroscopy with the UV photoelectron spectroscopy is suggested on the basis of which the first ionization potentials (IPS) of the substituted aromatic systems can be inferred from the calculated energy of the A-type (HOMO LUMO) transitions for their radical cations. Furthermore, the predictability of the IPs is found to be considerably increased with the incorporation of "molecular size" in the regression.


Introduction Brain connectivity is disturbed in schizophrenia, both during resting state and during active tasks. Schizophrenia is characterised by a corpus callosum pathology and an inability to suppress overstimulation, both of which relate to this disturbed connectivity. We wanted to verify whether network analysis on EEG sensor level can reveal the corpus callosum pathology in schizophrenia. Methods We measured 62-channel EEG on 46 schizophrenia patients and 43 healthy controls during eyes-closed and eyes-open resting-state, mismatch negativity and visual and auditory oddball. We assessed connectivity through correlation, coherence and directed transfer function (DTF) in the delta, theta, alpha, low- and high beta bands. Results The coherence and the DTF picked up a consistent pattern of reduced interhemispheric and enhanced intrahemispheric connectivity strength in schizophrenia in the alpha and beta band. This disturbance pattern appeared across all paradigms in the parietal and the occipital region and was generally more pronounced in the right hemisphere. Conclusions This is the first study to use multiple similarity measures and different tasks to confirm disturbed brain connectivity on EEG sensor level. We hypothesise that the interhemispheric reductions reflect transcallosal disconnection, while the intrahemispheric increases indicate the inability to suppress the response to stimuli.


A Cu-Zn polymetalic ore in XinJing are studied in this paper.Based on the experimental study of conditions and reagents,the selective flotation flowsheets are established.It realized effective separation of copper and zinc.The copper concentrate is updated with copper grade 20.97% and recovery 83.75%,the zinc concentrate is updated with zinc grade 47.23% and recovery 69.66%.


The tenuous relationship between religion and public schooling illuminates the dangers presented to the democratic, pluralist state when collective religious identity trumps democratic and pluralist commitments and indeed violates the time-tested protections of the First Amendment. In this article, the authors provide a brief overview of the religion clauses in the First Amendment and explore 2 examples of how collective religious identity challenges the boundaries of free exercise and establishment. Exploring the impact of collective religious identity in relation to the religion clauses of the First Amendment should allow the reader to see how the prioritization of religious goals over civic obligations by school leaders can undermine legitimate purposes of public education, especially the aim of cultivating citizens capable of thriving in a pluralist state.


Background: Fas/CD95 is the best-studied member of the death receptor (DR) superfamily in the central nervous system where it can trigger cellular responses other than apoptosis, including the promotion of neurogenesis and neuritogenesis, stimulation of the progression of gliomas, and regulation of the immune response of astrocytes. Methods: We have investigated the role of Fas/CD95 in the regulation of the proliferation of fetal astrocytes in vitro, as well as the signalling pathways involved. Results: Fas/CD95 ligation stimulated the proliferation of primary fetal astrocytes, through a mechanism that depends on the activation of caspase 8 and subsequent phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Interestingly this proliferative effect is only observed with a low dose of the Fas/CD95 agonist. In contrast, when primary astrocytes are challenged with a high dose of the Fas/CD95 agonist significant cell death occurs. Conclusions: Our findings support that, besides its effects on cell survival, Fas/CD95 may play a complex and prominent role in the regulation of astrocyte proliferation during development.


Li and Micciancio (Eurocrypt 2021) shattered a widespread misconception regarding the security of protocols based on CPA-secure homomorphic encryption (HE). They showed an attack breaking security of HE-based protocols provided that the protocol employs an HE scheme for approximate numbers, like CKKS, and the adversary sees decrypted ciphertexts. However, their attack fails when employing exact HE schemes, like BGV, or denying access to decrypted data. We show that the Li-Micciancio attack is only the tip of the iceberg: 1. We exhibit an input-recovery attack completely breaking the privacy of a wide and natural family of HE-based protocols, including protocols using only exact HE-schemes and with an adversary exposed solely to encrypted data. This proves that CPA-security is insufficient to ensure privacy in a much broader context than previously known. 2. To address the threat exhibited by our attack we introduce sufficient conditions, on either the encryption scheme or the protocol, that do guarantee privacy: (a) Every HE scheme with a sanitization algorithm (e.g., BGV and FHEW) can be transformed into a "sanitized" scheme so that protocols instantiated with it preserve privacy against malicious adversaries. (b) Moreover, we characterize a natural sub-family of these protocols for which CPA-security does suffice to guarantee privacy, albeit against semi-honest adversaries. To prove (2a) we define a notion of circuit-privacy that lies between semi-honest and malicious circuit-privacy and realize it from existing schemes; this may be of independent interest.


The pricing policy seems to be very important part of the strategy of the entire enterprise. The company's position on a competitive market depends on the ability to make optimal pricing decisions. The article discusses the determinants of transport services' prices and methods of their calculation (cost method, demand method and method based on competition). The main objective of the paper is the identification of the pricing determinants in the context of the rail transport. According to the authors, the most important determinants of rail transport services prices are mainly connected to prime cost, but also to factors classified into following groups: transportation enterprise, customer, market and competition. The introduction to the research was the examination of the largest rail operators in Poland and their pricing models.


Abstract We examined nutrient cycling responses to prescribed fire on three sub-mesic, mixed-oak sites located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic province of the southern Appalachian Mountains: Alarka Laurel Branch (AL), Robin Branch (RB), and Roach Mill Branch (RM). Each study site was located within a sub-watershed that drained a first order stream. Our objective was to quantify the effects of prescribed burning on forest floor mass, nitrogen and carbon pools; and soil and soil water available nitrogen. Each site included a burned and unburned control area; both burned and control areas were sampled before and after burning. Within each plot, we sampled forest floor mass, carbon and nitrogen, soil and soil solution nitrate (NO3-N) and ammonium (NH4-N) concentrations before and after the prescribed burns. All prescribed fires were conducted in the dormant season and were low to moderate intensity. All sites lost a significant amount of forest floor mass due to burning; 82 to 91% of the Oi layer and 26 to 46% of the Oe + Oa layer. Soil NH4-N concentrations increased in surface soils (0–5 cm) only, immediately after burning, but return to pre-burn levels by mid-summer. Burning had no measurable effect on soil solution inorganic nitrogen concentrations. Low levels of solution NO3-N and NH4-N after burning and no change in stream NO3-N concentrations indicated that no inorganic nitrogen was lost from these sites.


Large scale and broadband pulse compression grating which is used in the femtosecond Ti: sapphire laser is studied. The line density of gold coated pulse compression grating is 1740lp/mm. The working wavelength of gold coated grating is from 700nm to 900nm and its deviation angle is 16.6 degree(@800nm). By using rigorous coupled wave theory, a series of calculation results with different profiles of gold coated pulse compression grating, such as rectangular, sinusoid, semi-sinusoid, are discussed in this paper. In order to get high diffraction efficiency throughout the whole working band, the duty cycle of grating should be more than 0.5 for the rectangular or semi-sinusoidal profile of groove. Duty cycle of grating causes the diffraction efficiency to change quickly at the short wavelength. By using holographic recording method, the gold coated pulse compression gratings with the aperture of 200mm×400mm have been fabricated. The gratings exhibit -1st order diffraction efficiency in excess of 94%(TM@808nm).


Though years of turmoil and recent increased tensions with the US continue to cast a shadow over Venezuela, the fact the country boasts the largest oil reserves in the western hemisphere and ranks as the world's fifth largest oil exporter keeps it an active hot spot for foreign operators. Marshall DeLuca reviews recent events.


A film forming method for patterned single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films was developed by applying photoisomerization of cationic azobenzene as a dispersant. By use of this method, micromete...


The Effect of Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy and Sports Physiotherapy on Asthma Control: Study. Abstract Introduction: The World Health Organization estimations show 235 million people who currently suffer from asthma, and the numbers of asthma deaths are increasing in the next 10 years. Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by intermittent attacks of breathlessness that is triggered by the allergies and cold air commonly. Asthma is well known disease to restrict physical activity, although exercising is one of the ways to manage the disease and minimize the symptoms and attacks. Methods: Twelve weeks program and each week consist of aerobic training twice, a swimming session,


This study investigated how aquatic macrobenthic and fish communities responded to the effects of siltation from highway construction. Community response was evaluated on the basis of community diversity and changes in the numbers of organisms and/or species. An innovative computer program was used to calculate the diversity indices, using the sequential comparison technique. The primary response observed among the macrobenth ic and fish communities was a reduction both in numbers of species and in organisms downstream from the construction. Responses of the macrobenthic community ranged from a reduction of 23 percent in numbers of species and 66 percent in numbers of organisms (based upon single comparisons) to a 40 percent reduction of species and an 85 percent reduction of organisms (based upon several observations of the sarne population): Single comparisons of fish communities showed reductions of approximately 20 percent in numbers of species and 40 percent in numbers of organisms. The diversity index also demonstrated a statistically significant long-term change in aquatic community structure, but was less meaningful for indicating initial effects or making single comparisons. Findings suggest that drift is a major physical response of macrobenthos to increased siltation, and may be a primary mechanism for repopulating stressed habitats. Th is is contrary to the commonly held hypothesis that smothering is a major effect, and should be tested in further investigations. Fishes apparently vacated areas of increased siltation, but were able to repopulate such areas within 12 months after construction activities stopped, depending upon the stream's cleansing ability. In this connection, stream flow rate and gradient are significant factors. In general, this study found that erosion-control measures as they commonly are applied in highway construction are of limited value in preventing damages to stream communities, especially in the early construction stages. This indicates a need for more comprehensive and particularly more timely application of appropriate erosion-control techniques.


Objective: To investigate attitudes, perceptions and habits of General Practitioners (GPs) who smoke and those who do not smoke cigarettes, with particular attention to smoking cessation. Methodology: Two physician groups were targeted: GPs who smoke and those who do not smoke. They were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A unique country-specific questionnaire was developed to conduct a 20-minute telephonic interview. Survey was started from December 2006 and completed in May 2007. Simple statistical calculations were used to interpret the data. Results: GPs view smoking as the most harmful behaviour among the risk factors. 94% agreed that smoking should be classified as a medical condition and if it were so would encourage more smokers to quit smoking and they have suggested the need of prescription therapies for their patients to quit smoking. Conclusion: Significant discontent exists between physicians and smokers. The main cause of this discontent is physician perceived inability to provide successful solutions to quit smoking due to low awareness level and lack of training. This issue, when properly addressed, can be useful as an additional tool to aid patients in quitting.


Diazotisation and hydrolysis of 5- and 6-aminobenzothiazoles yield the corresponding hydroxybenzothiazoles or the hydroxy-1,2,3-benzothiadiazoles depending on the ratio of nitrous acid to amine employed in the reaction. Diazotisation of 7-aminobenzothiazole with one equivalent of nitrous acid followed by hydrolysis yields 7-amino-1,2,3-benzothiadiazole, whilst two equivalents of nitrous acid give 7-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzothiadiazole.Nitration of 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole yields 4-nitro-1,2,3-benzothiadiazole in addition to the reported 5- and 7-nitro-compounds.


The relationship between the uncertainty (4π times the product of rms duration, Dt, and rms bandwidth, Df) and the variance of energy estimates of random transients is examined. If a transient can be modeled with the product model, it is shown that for many cases the normalized error in the energy estimate, as measured by the uncertainty, is approximately the same as the normalized error determined from the more exact statistical duration and bandwidth. The uncertainty is a quantitative measure of the expected energy estimate errors. If the transient has a significant random component, a small uncertainty parameter implies a large error in the energy estimate. Attempts to resolve a time/frequency spectrum near the uncertainty limits of a transient with a significant random component will result in large errors in the spectral estimates.


The term elder abuse encompasses a wide range of acts or lack of action (neglect) which cause harm or distress to an older person and occur within trusted relationships. Harm may occur when older people are unduly influenced to make decisions, including to end their lives. With the legalisation of assisted dying in Victoria, there is an urgent need to consider the relevant aspects of decisionmaking in this setting. Assessment of the social and relational context of older individuals is essential in evaluating whether decisions for assisted dying are autonomous or potentially an extreme form of elder abuse, or anywhere in between.


This paper presents a new prototype solution for the stabilizing and cooling track for briquettes from plant materials that enables a more intensive process of briquette cooling; at the same time, its design does not differ significantly from the existing ones. As a cooling factor, the designed stabilizing and cooling track uses, in addition to air, water flowing in the water jackets that surround the briquette. In the track's design, a system of briquette press by means of a movable upper jacket equipped with a lever pressure system was used. Owing to the use of a counter-flowing cooling medium (water), the track's construction allows to obtain good cooling conditions and does not cause briquette damage.


The building of web content for students at the high school level needs to be well structured to ensure quality. The structuring takes place through a decomposition process. This decomposition occurs at the topic/lesson level during which instructional materials are built for each topic according to a template consisting of six components-Review, Focus, Estimated Completion Time, Objectives, Presentation of Content, and Assessment. The template provides a layout to be used as a standard so that instructors can quickly become familiar with the steps and processes necessary for structuring course materials. The template or framework provides a means whereby the learner is encouraged to remain focused on the topic at hand. For example, the Presentation of Content does not include the detailed instructional materials for the lesson but only highlights the main points. A link on that page gives access to the detailed instructional materials. With the development of each topic the Web course will eventually become self-contained in that it will contain all the required content and, as such, a textbook will only be used only as supplementary reading. The components of the topic/lesson framework are described in this paper.


Zero-inflated Negative Binomial models with site-specific random effects are developed with the panel data to analyze hourly crash frequency on highway segments with one-mile length in average. In addition to the refined scales in temporal domain, the new crash frequency prediction models can also consider unbalanced panel-data structure and random nature of the observations. The real-time traffic, weather and road surface condition data, primarily from the Road Weather Information System (RWIS), are incorporated along with the road characteristics. The RWIS data is available on most major highways around the United States as well as some other countries. Therefore, this study introduces promising engineering technology to develop refined-scale crash frequency models, which can be conveniently applied to many other major highways. The proposed models are demonstrated by studying one portion of Interstate I-25 in Colorado, from which some interesting insights for crash frequency prediction are made available, adding to the understanding of crash risks on major highways.


As we know, grid quality can produce big effect on the numerical precision of 3D forward modeling. How to generate high-quality grids becomes the key for high-accuracy EM responses. So we develop a weighted adaptive finite-element method based on hybrid posterior error estimation in combination with unstructured vector finite-element method and Backward Euler scheme. We introduce a weighting factor to adjust the relative weight of posterior errors defined by the continuities of normal current density and tangential magnetic field to create an effective mesh. The numerical experiments on a conductive cube model show that our algorithm performs better than the traditional adaptive method.


In a radical change to modes of academic employment in Finland, a newly merged university is introducing a tenure track system based on examples from the United States. Analyzing texts produced by university strategists, on the one hand, and interviews with staff affected by the system, on the other, we explore how notions of academic freedom are (re)constructed when tenure is transplanted into a new context. Our exploratory study builds on Marginson's work, and seeks to understand, first, how tenure becomes a tool for realizing senior management strategic intent in universities and, second, how it affects academics' understandings of freedoms. It is argued that tenure and its effects need to be considered vis-à-vis the local context where it is adopted and adapted.


The invention discloses a kind of mining transmission belt dynamic friction transmission test device and method, comprise pedestal, loading system, friction driven system and condition monitoring system; Described pedestal comprises bracing frame, strut angle steelframe and is arranged at the base plate on strut angle steelframe; Described loading system comprises dynamic loading system and static loading system; Described friction driven system comprises and encloses wrap angle adjusting system, drive system and friction system; Described condition monitoring system comprises dynamic tension monitoring system, dynamic creep monitoring system, cylinder cover layer stress measurement system, friction measurement system and frictional slip monitoring system. The present invention can real-time dynamic monitoring cylinder around the dynamic tension entering and lay out end belt develop, near dynamic friction and frictional slip state dynamic creep characteristic, cylinder cover layer and the belt contact zone of belt between tectal STRESS VARIATION, cylinder and belt.


We developed here a novel embedded strain measurement system that fulfilled a dynamic analysis of the characteristics of parachute canopy based on fiber optics technology. As a continue study of the dynamic characteristics of the parachute canopy, a series of drop tests were developed in the laboratory, and followed by the field test. Sample results obtained by both mode power distribution (MPD) system and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are taken into the comparison between the optical and mechanical testing results. Drop test results from both MPD and FBG sensors were analysis and correlated to the mechanical characteristics of the parachute canopy textile based on the previous relatins derived from quasi-static test. The curves show clearly that the results of the two types of sensors are consistent. The achieved results provided a nice correlation between the optical and mechanical signals, which dues primarily to the model built up in previous quasi-static test, and will be discussed in this paper.


Abstract Changing Rooms is a building that considers the potential of glass construction and material transparency by proposing a series of screens with varying optical characteristics and speculating on how these might regulate the viewer's gaze. The project investigates the use, effect, and definition of changing levels of transparency and reflectivity, while studying ways these might be predicted. It is a speculation on the asymmetry of visual relations through screens.


Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the reusability of metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) to degrade rhodamine B (RhB).

Design/methodology/approach
ZnO NRs particles were synthesized by precipitation method and used to remove various types of metal ions such as Cu2+, Ag+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr2+ ions under UV illumination. The metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance. The photodegradation of RhB dye by these metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs under UV exposure was assessed.

Findings
The metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs were successfully reused to remove RhB dye in which more than >90% of RhB dye was degraded under UV exposure. Furthermore, the coupling of Ag, CuO, MnO2, Cd and Ni particles onto the surface of ZnO NRs even enhanced the degradation of dye. The dominant reactive species involved in the degradation of RhB dye were •OH- and •O2−-free radicals.

Research limitations/implications
The coupling of metal/metal oxide onto the surface of ZnO NRs after metal ions removal could affect the photocatalytic performance of ZnO NRs in the degradation of organic pollutants in subsequent stage.

Practical implications
A good reusability performance of metal/metal oxide-coupled ZnO NRs make ZnO NRs become a desirable photocatalyst material for the treatment of wastewater, which consists of both heavy metal ions and organic dyes.

Originality/value
Metal/metal oxide coupling onto the surface of ZnO NRs particles improved subsequent UV-assisted photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye.


Experimental observations of the frequency shifts of the (J,K)=(12,12) line in the inversion spectrum of NH3 due to collisions with the foreign perturbers, He, A, CH4, N2, Co2, COS, CH3CN and CH3F have been reported: an attempt is made in the present paper to interpret these observations in terms of the impact theory of Anderson. Dipole-induced dipole, dispersion exchange dipole-dipole, dipole-quadrupole, quadrupole-dipole, quadrupole-quadrupole, quadrupole-dipole induced dipole and dipole-quadrupole induced dipole interactions are considered: all but the first three interactions make no contribution to the line shift according to the theory, and even these give nonzero contributions only if the dipole moment and/or the polarizability of an ammonia molecule change when the molecule undergoes a transition between the inversion states. Provided the polarizability of NH3 is greater in the upper level of the inversion doublet than in the lower, the dipole induced dipole and the dispersion interactions give shifts towards lower frequencies, in qualitative agreement with experiment, but the estimated magnitudes, with the exception of shifting by He and A, were too small by factors of up to approximately 100; the exchange interaction gives a contribution to the shift of the opposite sign to that observed.


Excerpt Since the introduction of antimicrobial agents into clinical medicine, many significant changes have been noted in certain aspects of infectious diseases. These drugs have favorably affecte...


With the rapid development of high-speed network technology,the cluster systems have been the main platform of parallel algorithm.Because their high communication delay,some parallel algorithms of fine grain are not fit to run in this environment.Therefore,it is necessary to study their parallel achievements in cluster systems.In terms of that,this paper proposes a new way for QR decomposition of matrix and obtains coarse grain parallel algorithms.The example shows that the designing parallel algorithm has higher speed in this cluster systerms.


Geographical Information Systems (GIS) computer mapping programs and new land use policy models are shown to be useful in understanding the dynamics of rural land conversion to urban uses. The California Central Valley Alternative Futures Model was constructed to evaluate patterns of growth that are forecasted to triple the population of the California Central Valley by 2040. The GIS sub-divided the Valley into over 750,000 land units, and a logit analysis evaluated factors leading to actual patterns of recent growth. Undeveloped land units were assigned a probability of future development, and expected population increases were allocated to those land units with the highest probability of future growth under two growth scenarios: low density and compact growth. The model shows that low density growth would convert over 1,035,000 acres of farmland to urban uses, including over 600,000 acres of prime or statewide important quality land. Compact growth would convert only 474,000 acres total, of which only 266,000 would be on prime soils. This paper shows how new land use models and GIS programs enable rural sociologists to better understand how rural communities and their spatial environment interact—in particular, how these tools enable researchers to explore the forces and consequences of rural and exurban growth.


An example that appeared in Coding for Pediatrics 2021 and Pediatric Office-Based Evaluation and Management Coding: 2021 Revisions has been updated and posted at www.aap.org/cfp and www.aap.org/errata. Additionally, examples appearing in Pediatric Evaluation and Management: Coding Quick Reference Card 2021 have been been updated and posted at www.aap.org/cfp and www.aap.org/errata.


This research oimed to: 1)- Find out/identifi the bureaucratic behavioral aspects that
influenced organizational performance in the implementation of the regional autonomy policy at the
Manado City Secretariat. 2). Analyze the influerces of bureoucratic behavioral aspects on
organizational performance in the implementation of the regional autonomy policy at the Manado City
Secretariat. This research employed a qualitative approach and a descriptive-explanatory survey
technique and the sample of respondents, which consisted of 73 stffi of the Manado City Secretariat,
was determined using a proportional random sampling method. Primary data were collected using
questionnaires and secondary data using documentation techniques. The collected data and
information were then analyzed using statistical techniques, i.e. the product moment correlation,
simple regression, and multiple regression analysis. These three analysis techniques were used to test
the research hypotheses. The results of this research were as followed: (1). The orgonizationol
structure of the Manado City Secretariat could be categorized as "average" to "below cNerage".
Meaning that the organizational structure was rather unresponsive, suffered from lack of initiative in
performing governmenlal, developmental, and public service duties. Organizational structure foctor
hod a positive influence on the improvement of organizational pedormance in the implementatio-n of
the regional autonomy policy. (2) The leadership style at the Manado City Secretariat in the
implantation of the regional autonomy policy was categorized as "average" to "below average".
Leadership slyle factor had a positive influence on the organizational performance of the Manado City
Secretariat in the implementation of the regional autonomy policy. (3). Ahe organizational
performance of the Manado City Secretariat was categorized as "average" to "below average".
Organizational perfornlance was influenced by the organizational structure and leadership style
factors. The more responsive the organizational structure and leadership style, the higher the
organizotional performance at the Manado City Secretariat. In conclusion, organizational structure
and leadership style as elements of organizational behavior had a positive inJluence and contributed
signtficantly to the improvement of organizational performance, especially at the Manado City
Secretarial.


A cool way to use isotopes Thermal management of electronics requires materials that can efficiently remove heat. Several promising materials have been found recently, but diamond remains the bulk material with the highest thermal conductivity. Chen et al. found that isotopically pure cubic boron nitride has an ultrahigh thermal conductivity, 75% that of diamond. Using only boron-11 or boron-10 allows the crystal vibrations that carry heat to move more efficiently through the material. This property could be exploited for better regulating the temperature of high-power devices. Science, this issue p. 555 Isotopically pure cubic boron nitride has a thermal conductivity almost as high as that of diamond. Materials with high thermal conductivity (κ) are of technological importance and fundamental interest. We grew cubic boron nitride (cBN) crystals with controlled abundance of boron isotopes and measured κ greater than 1600 watts per meter-kelvin at room temperature in samples with enriched 10B or 11B. In comparison, we found that the isotope enhancement of κ is considerably lower for boron phosphide and boron arsenide as the identical isotopic mass disorder becomes increasingly invisible to phonons. The ultrahigh κ in conjunction with its wide bandgap (6.2 electron volts) makes cBN a promising material for microelectronics thermal management, high-power electronics, and optoelectronics applications.


CHAPTER OBJECTIVES This chapter will enable you to: • Familiarise yourself with the principles of linguistic and communicative relativity and to engage with them critically. • Engage critically with discussions about the relationship between a specific language and a specific culture, and contribute to those discussions through critiques of existing writing in intercultural communication. LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY For years, I have started my classes on language and culture with two questions. First, I ask those in the audience who are afraid of spiders or who know someone who is afraid of spiders to raise their hands. Usually, more than half of the people in the audience raise their hands. Second, I ask those in the audience who are afraid that somewhere, somehow a duck is watching them or who know someone who is afraid that somewhere, somehow a duck is watching them to raise their hands. No one ever raises their hand and responses range from bewildered looks to giggles about the absurdity of the question – all followed by outright laughter once I show a Far Side cartoon1 depicting a man sitting at his desk in front of a large window. The window is overlooked by high-rises with many windows, and in one of those windows there is a duck. The caption reads: 'Anatidaephobia: The fear that somewhere, somehow, a duck is watching you.' Fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, is a concept that is readily available in many of the world's languages, grounded as it is in the actual fact that some spiders can be dangerous to humans. By contrast, fear of being watched by a duck, or anatidaephobia, is a word made up for a concept made up by a cartoonist and is known to only a very few people who are familiar with that particular cartoon. The observation that I would like my students to reflect on with this example is that a well-known concept is tied to actual experience: many people are afraid of spiders or know someone who is afraid of spiders. An obscure concept is not related to experience in the same way: no one I have ever met is afraid of being watched by a duck or knows someone who is.


Abstract:With Ants Among Elephants: An Untouchable Family and the Making of Modern India (2017) and Coming Out as Dalit: A Memoir (2019), two auto/biographical narratives by modern, educated, immigrant women, Sujatha Gidla and Yashica Dutt emerge as new voices of Dalit writing in English. This article analyzes the narrative strategies employed by Gidla and Dutt as they tell of their individual lives intertwined with accounts of their families and the histories of their underprivileged communities. It argues that the identities performed in the texts meet the "horizon of expectations" of contemporary readers and redirect Dalit discourse.


A method and system for driver configuration for an ultrasonic meter. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are ultrasonic meters comprising a spool piece that couples within a flow of fluids, a first upstream transducer mechanically coupled to the spool piece, a first downstream transducer mechanically coupled to the spool piece (the first downstream transducer in operational relationship to the first upstream transducer), and a first transducer driver that selectively couples to the first upstream and first downstream transducers. The transducer driver drives the first upstream transducer, and also drives the first downstream transducer.


Abstract The connection between sport and nationalism is unquestionable. However, it is a matter of debate whether and to what extent this should be the case, given the potential danger involved. Cases of chauvinist exacerbation and even violence are well known. From a normative philosophical approach, we start with the hypothesis of a thermometer of sports nationalism that allows us to evaluate when these expressions are tolerable or not. As a proposal, we distinguish between assertive, aggressive and violent nationalism. Having examined the pros and cons of sporting nationalism in terms of foreign policy, it seems to us that there are not sufficient reasons to establish a causal link or to claim that it contributes to violence. It follows that there do not seem to us to be any moral or political reasons to eliminate international competitions or to even substantially change their current structure.


The author examines the reasons for the rapid increase in emigration from Sudan to Yemen that occurred in the mid-1970s. Data are from a questionnaire completed in 1979 by 250 Sudanese migrants in Yemen. The implications of this migration for both countries are considered (ANNOTATION)


Using the energy asymmetries in the hydrogen‐bonded structures the model is formulated explaining further decay of DNA double chain and also explaining further decay of only one of obtained single chains. The model is similar to the Scott's model of α‐helix where the spiral is substituted with interacting discs. Explanation of mentioned DNA transformation is based on the estimate of free energy of discs with even number of hydrogen bonds.


The potential use of synthetic boehmite coated zeolites for the removal of arsenic from water has been investigated. The boehmite coated zeolite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The mechanism of aqueous arsenic adsorption was revealed. Additionally, experiments were conducted to examine the extent of arsenic removal as a function of pH, adsorbents dose, coexisting ions. The adsorption behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic process of adsorption was well fitted with the Elovich equation. The boehmite coated zeolite showed great performance on the aqueous arsenic removal.


The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to deal with the importance of spa for the society, the history of spa both in the world and in our country, and with forms of catering and the different types of diets that represent an important criterion for spa catering.


In order to improve the volume stability of bauxite based gunning refractory,effects of different particle sizes of pyrophyllite on properties of bauxite based gunning refractory were investigated with bauxite as raw materials and calcium aluminate cement as binders.After 24 curing in mould and another 24 curing at 110 after demoulding,the specimens were heated at 600,800,1000,1300 and 1500℃ for 3 h,respectively.The permanent linear changes,bulk densities,modulus of rupture,cold crushing strengthes and thermal expansion coefficients were examined.The results show that the shrinkage of bauxite based gunning refractory decreases first with the increasing particle size of pyrophyllite and then expand after being heated to 600,800,1000,1300 and 1500℃.The bulk density of bauxite based gunning refractory decreases with the increasing particle size of pyrophyllite after being heated to 800,1000,1300 and 1500℃.The modulus of rupture and the cold crushing strength of bauxite based gunning refractory decrease with the increasing particle size of pyrophyllite after being heated to 800,1000,1300 and 1500℃.The end temperature of expansion of big particle size pyrophyllite is higher than small particle size pyrophyllite.In the experiment,volume stability is the best when both big particle size pyrophyllite and small particle size pyrophyllite are existed in bauxite based gunning refractory.Permanent linear changes can be adjusted by adding big particle size pyrophyrollite,but the strength after being heated to 1500℃ will decrease.


they found to be at 30 cycles per second or more. These results seem to establish that tremor could not simply be due to mechanical smoothing, as Marshall and Walsh suggest. Horsley and Schafer also noted that the tremor rhythm was present in spontaneous or reflex movements, and a similar finding in man has recently been reported for the flexor withdrawal reflex elicited in two patients with clinically complete spinal transection due to transverse myelitis.4 If it is accepted that the tremor pacemaker is situated at the spinal level, the question still remains whether the rhythm is centrally or peripherally determined. R. Jung13 thinks that it lies in the system of spinal interneurones which play upon the motor neurone pool; but the phenomenon of clonus shows that the stretch reflex arc is itself capable of going into self-maintained oscillation, and it has been suggested that tremor too may be produced in this way.5 11 There is no reason to suppose that clonus occurs only at high amplitudes; every degree of transition between complete asynchronism and complete synchronism can be obtained in the firing of a-motor unit in a laboratory preparation simply by altering the posture and modifying the proprioceptor inflow. On the other hand, centrally determined rhythms undoubtedly exist at spinal level, as is seen, for instance, in the scratch reflex of the spinal cat.'4 Here the muscles contract intermittently at 5 beats a second. This rhythm does not depend on the proprioceptors, since it persists after section of the dorsal roots; clonus is naturally abolished by this procedure. Destruction of afferent nerves can therefore provide important evidence about the site of the tremor pacemaker. Halliday and Redfeaml' have recently reported the results of an investigation of tremor in tabetic patients. They found that in those patients with more severely damaged afferent nerves the 10 cycles per second rhythm may disappear, and this would seem to be strong circumstantial evidence in support of the view that tremor is an oscillation in the stretch reflex arc. But there are certain difficulties which at present remain unexplained, such as the slower rates of tremor reported in children.4 Are all tremors produced in the same way ? It seems that the type of tremor met with in hyperthyroidism'6 and in anxiety states17 18 is of the same frequency as that encountered in healthy subjects. The greater amplitude of tremor in these conditions can probably be regarded as an accentuation of the normal. The slower and coarser tremor of extrapyramidal disease appears to be a distinct phenomenon. Indeed, both " normal " and extrapyramidal tremor may be seen together in the same patient-for instance, on the unaffected side in unilateral cases of paralysis agitans,8 or when sleep has abolished the much greater Parkinsonian tremor.'" Moreover, the electromyograph shows a different pattern of innervation.'7 Further work may throw more light on the significance of these differences.


ln 823 patients with a displaced calcaneus fracturea study was carried out to assess the difference in the duration until recovery between those patients who were treated by operation and those who were treated conservatively. This was preceded by a study of the literature in which the accent was placed on the various types of calcaneus fractures regarding fracture mechanism, epidemiology, diagnostics and symptomatology as well as the different methods of treatment (chaptersl I to IV). ... Zie: Summary


Abstract The possibility of the spin orientation change of satellites by an oblique impact is discussed. A projectile having an adequate momentum can remove the spin orientation of some of the of the spin-orbit-locked satellites from the Cassini state without catastrophic disruption. For most satellites the occurrence of the spin state change from Cassini state 2 to 1 is easier than the change from 1 to 2.


Specially treated nylon 66 strips were exposed to sorbic acid solutions at a number of different concentrations and at several temperatures and the quantity of drug sorbed determined by suitable means. Thermodynamic and kinetic treatment of the data permitted the evaluation of a number of constants such as ( a ) saturation value of drug in the plastic, ( b ) affinity of drug toward the plastic, ( c ) standard heat of sorption, ( d ) apparent diffusion coefficient, and ( e ) activation energy of diffusion. Changes in concentration of solution influenced both the apparent diffusion coefficient and the activation energy of diffusion. A nearly linear relationship was noted between the concentration of the solution and the diffusion coefficient, the diffusion coefficient decreasing with an increase in concentration of solution. The standard heat of sorption suggested that the interaction between the sorbic acid and the nylon might be due to a double hydrogen bond formation.


To explore the causal factors of PICC catheter related deep venous thrombosis(DVT) through cause analysis and thus provide evidence for measures to reduce its incidence.The recommendations are communicating with patient's family members before the insertion of catheter,observing the patient's response closely,rescuing actively once DVT develops,and avoiding extubation to alleviate suffering and economic burden of the patients.


Optical properties and electronic structure of Bi2Ti2O7 (BTO) films on platinized silicon substrates have been investigated using near-infrared-ultraviolet spectroscopic ellipsometry. The optical dispersion in the photon energy range of 0.73–5.8eV has been extracted by fitting the experimental data with a four-phase layered model. The Tauc–Lorentz dispersion function has been fundamentally applied and describes the optical response of the BTO films well. The refractive index in the transparent region can be reasonably fitted by a single oscillator function and the maximum electronic transition occurs near 4.2eV for the BTO material. The long wavelength refractive index n(0) can be estimated to about 1.7 at zero point. The fundamental band gap energy was determined to be about 3.2eV, which was supported by different theoretical evaluation methods. The present results can be important for future applications of BTO-based electro-optics and optoelectronic devices.


: A mild, organophotocatalytic N–O bond cleavage of Weinreb amides is disclosed, thereby expanding the chemistry of this venerable motif beyond acylation. This redox neutral process begins to reconcile the ubiquity of N–O bonds in contemporary synthesis with the disproportionately harsh, stoichiometric conditions that are often required for bond cleavage. The strategy is compatible with the parent alkyl derivatives (N–OMe, N–OAlkyl) thereby complementing tailored O -substituent approaches that require N–OAr groups (Ar = electron deficient). A broad range of acyclic and cyclic derivatives are disclosed (>40 examples, up to 95%) and the synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated in a range of applications. In the case of cyclic Weinreb amide derivatives, this platform enables ambiphilic amide-aldehydes, of varying chain length, to be generated in a single transformation. Inspired by Emil Fischer´s seminal 1908 synthesis of aminoacetaldehyde using sodium amalgam, this method provides a milder route to access this important class of materials. Mechanistically-guided reaction development demonstrates the involvement of a photoinduced SET mechanism (PET), and this has been further advanced to a consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (ConPET) manifold: this has significantly expanded the scope of compatible substrates selective cleavage of N-O(alkyl) bonds in acyclic and cyclic Weinreb amides is central to a plenum of enabling technologies in contemporary synthesis. Despite the lability of the bond, metal-based SET protocols continue to dominate the arsenal of methods typically employed. This often presents compatibility issues that limit functional group tolerance. To provide a mild, light-enabled alternative, a mechanism-guided approach based upon PET and ConPET platforms has been developed that harnesses anthracene and 4CzIPN as efficient organophotocatalysts. We demonstrate that the process is redox neutral through the formation of acylated amino aldehydes from cyclic substrates, and establish that amidyl radical formation is not operational. Inspired by Emil Fischer´s synthesis of aminoacetaldehyde, a series of homologated aminoaldehydes have been prepared from simple heterocyclic precursors. Finally, the method has been leveraged to generate highly selective dopamine D 3 receptor ligands and chiral 1,3-diamines. Given the popularity of linear ambiphilic derivatives in bioactive molecule design, notably in PROTAC molecules, it is envisaged that this mild N–O bond cleavage protocol will be enabling.


6 Body Mass Index Screening in Public Schools In the March 2004 issue of JOPERD, the Issues department featured readers' responses to the question of whether or not schools should issue a "health report card;' reporting a child's body mass index (8MI), as the state of Arkansas planned to do. Since then, Arkansas has in fact implemented 8MI screenings in its public schools and recently released the results of these tests. Overall, 38 percent of Arkansas public school students are either overweight or at risk for overweight. About 32 percent of children enter kindergarten overweight or at risk for overweight, and the numbers steadily increase until they peak at 42 percent among sixth graders. Hispanic males and African American females were in the highest obesity-risk groups when data was evaluated by race and gender. In more than 40 percent of school districts assessed, over 40 percent of the students were in the overweight or at-risk categories. These school districts are located in every region of the state, rural and urban alike, and include all ethnic groups. The annual 8MI screening is done to alert parents of possible health problems and to assess the prevalence of the obesity epidemic among the state's children. With 8MI data on more than 345,000 students in grades K-12, Arkansas health officials believe they can now accurately detail the trend in childhood obesity in an unprecedented way. The study results show that childhood obesity is in fact rapidly rising and that children of all ages, genders, and ethnicities are at risk. A complete copy of the 2004 Arkansas Assessment of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity is available online at www.achi.net.


Infiltration in irrigation furrows exhibits spatial variation from furrow to furrow within a field. One major contributing factor is the effect of multiple levels of machine-wheel traffic on soil physical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of machine-wheel traffic levels within equipment passes on a field basis. Variations in satiated hydraulic conductivity (K s ), penetrometer resistance (R p ), and bulk density (ρ b ) due to nine, eight-row equipment passes were studied in three transects, crossing 72 furrows perpendicular to crop rows, on a Hord silt loam (fine-silty. mixed, mesic, Pachic Haplustoll). Mean values, spatial patterns, and regression relation-ships between properties were determined. Spectral analysis was used to fit cosine curves to property data that showed significant periods at 2.7, 8.0, and 72 furrows, An additional period of 24 furrows was seen in the R p and ρ b data. All properties tested showed significant mean differences due to wheel traffic from equipment passes. Within the equipment passes it was possible to further separate treatment means for all soil properties. Results in wheel tracked furrows were different from all other treatments. Linear regression of log K s and R p in a 72-furrow transect shows 58% of log K s variability is explained by changes in R p , Predicted vs. measured log K s in two transects shows predictions somewhat high, although the slope of the linear regression is 0.95, nearly parallel to a 1:1 line.


The pulling method was used to grow Ba0.9 Sr0.1 TiO3; the phase diagram (BaO0.9Sr0.1)-TiO2 was determined before growing. X ray spectra showed a small Sr concentration variation from the top to the bottom of the crystal. Chemical analysis attested to a good stoichiometry. Pyroelectric and dielectric measurements gave three transition temperatures which are not exactly the same as those obtained on ceramics.


Early Paleozoic-Devonian sediments of the study area are mainly composed of shelf clastic rocks and platform carbonate,representing the northern margin of Gondwana and south Tethyan passive continental margin.Permian-Carboniferous archipelagos were formed to the south and north of the Tethyan ocean,resulting in the formation of magmatic arcs to the north of the Longmuco-Shuanghu belt and the south of the Jinshajiang and in the Gangdise zone one after another.Mesozoic archipelagos occurred to the south of the Tethyan ocean,where Cr,Ni and Pt group metallic type deposits of magmatic segregation occurred in the SSZ-type ophiolite.Petrological and geophysical evidence supports a bilateral subduction scenario that resulted in arc magmatism to the north and south of the Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone.These magmatic arcs are the most important metallogenic belt for porphyry copper deposits,skarn-type magnetite deposits and hydrothermal polymetallic deposits.The Jurassic back arc and foreland basin to the northeastern Qiangtang favored the formation of depositional and hydrothermal alteration Fe-Cu-Sb-Au deposits.In the collisional stage of Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic period,hydrothermal deposits were widely distributed,and this stage was also a stage with the potential to form porphyry copper deposits.


A reusable heterogeneous catalytic assembly of [PO4{WO(O2)2}4]3− held in an ionic liquid brush was synthesized and an environmentally friendly procedure was developed for the dihydroxylation of several olefins with 30 wt% H2O2. These reactions were conducted in neat water under mild conditions without any organic co-solvent or other additive. Several factors that affect the dihydroxylation were investigated in detail. The catalyst is easily recovered after the reaction via simple filtration, and can be reused at least eight times without a noticeable loss of activity. The experimental results demonstrate that this dihydroxylation process has no apparent scale-up effect. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


By extending the basic idea of FAST it is possible to create a detector that can operate directly on a RGB color image and on it detect a higher number of features. The higher number of points and the simplification of the metric put us in the position to impose an additional condition on the keypoints. In order to do so we picked up a problem of FAST and defined a condition for similar points. This additional condition enables results that are better than FAST with regard to stability. Furthermore this condition enables a fast implementation, so that with the triple amount of input data due to the color channels less than threefold of time is required.


Background: Salivary gland tumors are histologically the most heterogeneous group of tumors. Traditional diagnostics and grading of these tumors often fail to provide any insight into patient's clinical course. Cathepsin-D is a lysosomal acid protease secreted in increased levels in several malignancies. However, its role in salivary gland tumors has not been studied extensively. The present study aims to assess the expression of cathepsin-D in malignant and benign salivary gland tumors and to compare its expression in these tumors. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 salivary gland tumors which included 10 cases each of adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor were evaluated immunohistochemically for cathepsin-D expression. Intergroup comparison of cathepsin-D expression was done between the benign and malignant groups using the Mann–Whitney U-test. Intragroup comparison was also done using Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: A statistically significant difference in the expression of cathepsin-D was observed between the benign and malignant groups. The malignant group showed a considerably higher cathepsin-D expression (mean value 6.284 ± 4.377) when compared to the benign group (mean value 2.281 ± 2.459). The differences in the immunopositivity between the malignant and benign groups were found to be highly significant (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Increased expression of cathepsin-D is observed in the malignant salivary gland neoplasms. This may prove to be a useful marker for the aggressive biologic behavior as well as invasive potential of salivary gland neoplasms.


It clarified the position and function of sport in the construction of new countryside,analyzed the challenges faced in the development of rural sport during the construction of new countryside,such as the unbalanced development of rural economy led to the unbalanced development of rural sport,recombination of villages caused new contradictions,"empty-nest"families,increment in floating population,the reform of tax brought a new impact on the development of rural sport etc.,and discoursed upon such countermoves for the development of rural sport as: having peasants in mind and keeping a foothold on villages to set up and perfect the system for the development of rural sport,"counteracting weakness with strongness",bringing the advantages of rural sport and the function of rural grass-roots organizations into full play,integrating the resources of rural school physical education and so forth.


The recent development situation and the research progress of cellulase are summarized.The mechanism of cellulase to hydrolyze crystalline cellulose,synergistic reaction,and the role of carbohydrate binding modules are introduced,and the research trend for cellulase is prospected.


Encouraging peoples initiative is the theme of the development of modern society,which is decided by the demand on the necessity of the historical development,the demand on the independence of the market system,the demand on the objectivity of the development of science and technology as well as the demand on the essence of the moral life.Education for ideology and morality plays a leading,encouraging,promoting and uniting role in the development of peoples initiative.To develop peoples initiative in modern education for ideology and morality,we must renew our educational ideas,care for our educational objects,perfect our educational aims and improve our educational methods.