This paper presents the results of employing a simultaneous parameter adaptation scheme in genetic algorithms (GA) to develop array distributions with a specified ERV and patterns with low sidelobes and multiple nulls


"Art is upon the land," said Whistler once, "to be chucked under the chin by every passing gallant." Art is indeed upon the land, to be flirted with by a new race of collectors educated to Buy American, to be clasped unto their broad bosom by the editors of the shiny paper magazines catering to the more literate masses, and finally, despite or because of all this unprecedented affection, to get it in the neck. For American art (and it is that only of which we speak at the moment) is in truth something very different from the conception of the fashionable collectors and those purveyors of sugar-coated culture, the magazine editors (though the editors would be the last themselves to presume to any such noble aspiration; the more honest among them will tell you right off that they reproduce paintings for the same reason they do photographs of pretty girls: to gratify a fundamental and imperative urge of their readers—in this instance, to look at pictures). American art to these people consists of the work of...


The high strength Al-Zn-Mg alloy is widely used for structure components in critical aerospace applications. Small additions of scandium (Sc) often refine cast microstructure and mechanical properties by forming metastable Al3Sc dispersoids. The main role of the Al3Sc dispersoid is to prevent recrystallization during hot deformation and solution treatment. A new technique to apply for surface modification of cast aluminium alloy is usually called friction stir processing (FSP) but basic principle follows by friction stir welding (FSW). The main aim of the present work is to discuss the recent advances in the area of FSPed fine grained aluminium alloy and to highlight the modern trends in research. Highlighting will be focus on the main strategies to increase strength of the fine grained aluminium alloy without loss of ductility, microstructure-property relationship and enhanced mechanical properties, as well as innovative potential of the fine grained aluminium alloys. It is experimentally proven that the higher Zn content (7.35 wt.%) with high Sc content (0.83 wt.%) alloy after FSPed enhanced as much as 0.2%PF 165.5 MPa, UTS 325.2 MPa and ductility 8.5 % respectively. Moreover, several characterizations has been done such as OM, XRD, TEM and fractographs analysis through EDAX and SEM analysis also revealed Al3Sc agglomeration after solution treatment and cavity formation due to Zn vaporization at high rotational speed and traverse speed of FSPed alloys. But mechanisms states that the combined effects of chemical properties, fine grained due to dynamic recrystallization, MgZn2 hardening precipitates and Al3Sc dispersoids of anti-recrystallization results. The several mechanical testing has been done such as hardness measurement along the stir zone, tensile properties and toughness. The aim has to enhance functional properties of aluminium alloy through new innovation technique of FSPed.


Efficient testing of Internet of Things (IoT)-based services suffers from the underlying heterogeneous nature of IoT resources and hinders the process of rapid service creation and deployment. Real world effects, based on the behaviour of IoT-based services, tend to prevent the straight forward execution within the productive environment. Current solutions for testbeds, involving physical or virtual IoT resources, appear to require intense capacities for time and resources. This paper describes a new approach for testing IoT-based service build on a code insertion methodology, which can be derived from the semantic description of the IoT-based service. The proposed IoT resource emulation interface is described from the semantic, architectural and implementation perspective. The paper compares its applicability and efficiency with classical approaches and expose high emulation capabilities while minimising the testing effort. © VDE VERLAG GMBH.


Science City is an outdoor exhibition, supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and created by the New York Hall of Science (NYHS). It was designed to increase public awareness of, and interest in, the science and technology of daily life by creating a series of exhibits that people would "find" in public places in New York City. Using the streets and structures of the city to present the science and technology of everyday life in order to reach the non-museum-going public, eye-catching exhibits and signs were placed along fences, on streets and buildings and in subway stations and parks. The development and installation of museum exhibits for public urban spaces requires skills and experience that stretch beyond the expertise of a science-technology museum exhibition staff. This article discusses and compares on- and off-site exhibition development.


This cohort study investigates whether early aspirin use is associated with lower 28-day in-hospital mortality among patients with moderate COVID-19.


N The steady increase in the numbers of international graduate teaching assistants (ITAs) in U.S. universities has prompted most large public universities to initiate both training programs and screening procedures in order to ensure that those ITAs whose first language is not English have adequate spoken English skills for the task of presenting instructional material to U.S. undergraduates. The focus in most of this work is on the training aspect of the programs and much less on the screening aspect. In many situations, screening is tied to specific score levels on standardized instruments such as the TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) or the TSE (Test of Spoken English), rather than being entrusted to those who provide the actual training. However, the validity (and even the availability, in some cases) of these general proficiency measures has been the subject of some criticism (see Eck, 1987; Scheider & Stevens, 1987), particularly because such instruments fail to measure specific aspects of the effective spoken presentation of instructional material in front of a live audience.


This article examines Philo's philosophical interpretation of the three theophanies in Exodus, which would, centuries later, continue to be considered by the great thinkers responsible for developing negative theology, such as Gregory of Nyssa and Dionysius the Areopagite. Although Exod 33:11 clearly states that the Lord spoke to Moses face to face, as if someone were to speak to his own friend, according to Philo, the lawgiver neither saw the face of God, nor learned the proper name of God, nor was he able to comprehend the essence of God. These very statements became the inspiration for later apophaticism. The present article seeks to establish to what extent Philo's theses were influenced by Plato's philosophy or by later Middle Platonism, and to what extent Philo, by commenting allegorically on the Pentateuch, becomes the initiator of new ideas hitherto unknown in philosophical discourse. In the course of the analyses, three great questions of apophatic theology are discussed: 1. the unnameability of God; 2. the unknowability of God's essence; and 3. the knowability of God's nature by grace.


This thesis examines how first generation migrants experience urban outdoor places, detailing significant findings and methodological development relating to two research projects. The research is located in Sheffield, England. The first research project (Viewfinder) focuses on young refugees and asylum seekers exploring citywide greenspaces and parks. The second project (Walking Voices) addresses a neighbourhood scale of interest, working with first generation migrant residents to communicate their own stories and experiences of their local area. Creative and participatory research methods were developed for on-site work, using photography and independent audio recording. The research found that spending time outside is an important means by which first generation migrants feel a sense of agency and belonging in a neighbourhood context. Though the research supports use of urban greenspace as beneficial to individual and collective wellbeing, it underlines the critical importance of understanding cultural dimensions – motivations and barriers - to visiting parks and other types of greenspace. Evaluation of a local environment is often shaped by migrants' experiences of past places, and previous expectations of life in the UK. Place attachment is strengthened by participation and familiarity in a local located community, and often by recognising transcultural connections. The overlapping use of public space by people from different ethnic communities offers opportunities for gradual informal contact and gives a visual shared recognition to the diversity of a neighbourhood. However, the ability to make choices about when to engage with one's own ethnic group, and when to retreat from the expectations of this 'public gaze' was also valued. The thesis examines the implications of these findings for landscape architecture practice, and emphasises that the profession needs to become more culturally literate in responding to the superdiversity of urban contexts, and to difference in social and cultural values with regard to recreation, socialising, and natural places.


The following are some oversimplified verbal definitions regarding sensation and perception, which however might be not entirely useless, even if only by keeping them somewhere in the back of our heads while scientifically studying perception and sensation within the field of psychology. A sensation is the observation made when observing something. In particular, a visual sensation is the observation of light energy when looking at something. A perception is the appreciation made of a sensation. In particular, a visual perception is what we see when looking at something: in "early vision" this refers to what could be called instinctive perceptions and in "cognitive vision" this refers to possibly various ways of thinking about or interpreting the naked perceptions made in early vision. In [1] [2] [3] [4] essentially perception is defined via the Casorati curvature of sensation, or, more precisely, "early" human perceptions are defined as the most rudimentary, the most intuitive surface curvatures of human sensations, whereby the latter are defined to be human observations as described in detail by Koendernik and van Doorn basically for all most natural human observations, and, in particular, very concretely for visual human observations, in [5] [6] [7]. The main purpose of the present article is to bring a kind of refinement to Koenderink and van Doorn's description of human visual observation in order to take into account the factual anisotropy which hereby occurs, most dramatically illustrated by the different evaluations of geometrically equal lengths in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, cfr. [8] [9], which "horizontal-vertical visual effect" for instance can be observed pretty distinctly in the following 1858 figure of W. Wundt (see Figure 1). Figure 1. The horizontal-vertical illusion. The vertical line is perceived longer than the horizontal line although both lines are geometrically of equal length. For most visual perceptions, this amendment to the isotropic phenomenology of human visual sensations is not of crucial importance from practical points of view, but, still, for quite a number of visual perceptions it is rather significant to properly take into account the above anisotropy. In any case, in Section 1, from [5] we will briefly recall some elements


The nonstationarity of infrared interference backgrounds which prevents the implementation of the usual optimum linear filtering techniques makes clutter suppression signal processing for point target detection in infrared surveillance systems a challenging and difficult problem. Hence, more robust filtering schemes are sought which will perform well in structured backgrounds where the underlying probability distribution defining that structure is not well known or characterized. This paper investigates a promising candidate spatial filter for point-like feature detection in infrared systems. The technique, known as median subtraction filtering, is a robust, nonlinear, order statistic type filter which exhibits highpass filter characteristics without the usual ringing associated with linear highpass filters. A quantitative analysis of the statistical properties of the median subtraction filter is presented, including analytic expressions for the output distribution of the filter (thus analytic expressions for the probability of detection and probability of false alarm), its autocorrelation function and spectral density function. Performance results of a signal processing simulation comparing a median subtraction filter with an adaptive linear filter of the LMS type using actual infrared video as input are also included.


Background: Background: Standard therapies for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patient's ineligible for autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) have been lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd), bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (VRd) or bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone (VMP). The benefit of adding an anti-CD 38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the standard treatments of VMP and Rd has been demonstrated in two large phase 3 studies (Facon, 2019. Mateos, 2018). Isatuximab is an anti-CD38 mAb approved in combination with pomalidomide-dexamethasone and carfilzomib-dexamethasone to treat relapsed/refractory MM, and has also shown clinical responses as combination therapy to treat NDMM (Trudel, 2019). Corticosteroids have of effectiveness. Due the continuous the cumulative of corticosteroids


"Balcony Gardens" are a modern trend in urban horticulture. The best strawberry types to use are everbearing and day-neutral cultivars. In this contribution, we present double white and pink flowering breeding clones. Mutations of homeotic genes are responsible for a double flowering F1-hybrid after introgression of Fragaria virginiana with a F. ×ananassa cultivar. Cross-breeding with intergeneric cultivars bearing pink flowers resulted in pink double flowering clones bearing tasty fruit. Further, we report instabilities in flower colour of the cultivar 'Pink Panda' and of some clones. This can be explained by instable genes. Additionally, 'Pink Panda' shows flower colour changes which can be interpreted as somatic crossing over.


Current RF SOC devices are highly complex with many modules with different functions and wireless standards. This complexity results in thousands of tests needed even for production testing. Characterization and engineering test flow will demand even more tests. It takes a lot of time to develop, debug and bring the program into production. This is especially true for new engineers which can take months or years to develop on their own. Typical solution would be to develop a test library to generate all the tests. However, not all test library are build the same. And typical" 1st generation" are done to get the job done. They can be difficult to debug and may need hack codes for special or customized test. In addition, some libraries have grown so complex that it takes a long time to learn how to use them. With experiences gained from development of many projects and Java coding, a new better next generation test library was developed. This paper described a new improved version of such a test library which provides more features & benefits, more user friendly and easy to learn. The paper first describes the need for test library and typical issues with existing test libraries. The benefits and new features of the next generation test library will be introduced. The structure and use model of this user-friendly RF SOC test library will be described. How and why development time and cost will be reduced. Complicated hacking codes can be eliminated. Future-proofing the library, it is designed to allow new wireless standards and tests to be added. Debugging and setup features will also be described. Efficient and ease of importing user input, registers setup and design pattern will help even new users create test program efficiently and quickly. This library is also designed to ease learning curve when using it. A beginner can develop a new kind of RF SOC offline program within one month. Framework to allow easy usage allows users to stay at a higher level helps them to focus on test strategies.


Members of the nuclear transport protein family have been identified to have increased expression in many cancer types, with some being investigated as anticancer therapeutic targets. Recently, individual nuclear transport proteins have been reported to be secreted by cancer cells and found in the serum of cancer patients. In this study we investigated a multi-marker panel of nuclear transport proteins for their potential as diagnostic markers for cancer using cervical and oesophageal cancer as disease models. Mass spectrometry identified ten nuclear transport proteins in the secretome and exosomes of cultured cancer cells which was confirmed by western blot analysis showing increased secreted levels in cancer cells compared to normal. The presence of multiple nuclear transport proteins was confirmed in patient serum using ELISA assays which revealed significantly increased levels of KPNβ1, CRM1, CAS, IPO5 and TNPO1 in cervical and oesophageal cancer patient serum compared to non-cancer controls. Significantly elevated KPNα2 and RAN levels were also identified in oesophageal cancer serum samples. Logistics regression analyses revealed IPO5 and TNPO1 to be the best performing individual candidate biomarkers in discriminating between cancer cases and controls. The combination of KPNβ1, CRM1, KPNα2, CAS, RAN, IPO5 and TNPO1 as a multi-marker panel of biomarkers had the highest diagnostic capacity with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.944 and 0.963, for cervical cancer and oesophageal cancer, and sensitivity of 92.5% at 86.8% specificity and 95.3% sensitivity at 87.5% specificity, respectively. These results suggest that nuclear transport proteins have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for cervical and oesophageal cancers, with a multi-panel protein combination being the best predictor.
 Citation Format: Pauline van der Watt, Michael Okpara, Andrew Wishart, Iqbal Parker, Nelson Soares, Jonathan Blackburn, Virna D. Leaner. A multi-biomarker panel of nuclear transport proteins with potential as novel secreted cancer biomarkers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2798.


This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Quizizz and Quizalize media on students' mathematics learning outcomes. The population in this study were 4th-grade students of Elementary School Pius Pekalongan with a sample of 51 students. This type of research is a quasi-experimental using non-equivalent control group design. The results of this study are based on the objectives, including (1) the use of media quizizz is effective on the mathematics learning outcomes of 4th-grade elementary school students in reading and interpreting data in the form of bar charts; (2) the use of Quizalize media is effective on the mathematics learning outcomes of 4th-grade elementary school students in reading and interpreting data in the form of bar charts, and (3) there is no significant difference in the mean of the two samples, meaning that the two classes with different samples and media both experienced an increase in learning outcomes.


To reduce complexities in robot dynamics, a mechanical counter-balancing concept based on the theory of adding balancing masses to unbalanced conventional manipulators is introduced. The effects of balancing on the dynamic characteristics of the PUMA-760 robot when the designed counter-balancing mechanism is applied to the robot are examined. Through theoretical and experimental study many distinct advantages such as simplicity in the dynamic equation and significant reduction in the total required input torques are demonstrated for various manipulator speeds and payload conditions. Based on these results, the dynamic characteristics of the balanced PUMA-760 robot are discussed in detail. >


The E subunit of the human heterotetrameric negative transcription elongation factor (NELFE) contains a canonical R R RNA recognition motif (RRM) that binds to a wide variety of RNA sequences. These induce very similar conformational changes in the RRM as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Although the RNA binding interface of a canonical RRM is mainly located at its -sheet surface, for NELF-E RRM large chemical shift perturbations are observed for residues in the flexible C-terminal region and the loop between 3 and R2, and both regions are distant from the interface. We determined the solution structure of single-stranded transactivator responsive element (TAR) RNA-bound NELF-E RRM. This structure clearly shows that RNA binding to NELF-E RRM induces formation of a helix in the C-terminus. The RNA-bound form of NELF-E RRM is very similar to the RNA-bound form of U1A RRM, although the C-terminus of the NELF-E RRM is unstructured in the free protein, whereas it is helical in the U1A protein. Thus, RNA binding to NELF-E RRM induces a conformational change toward the U1A structure, resulting in highly similar RNA binding conformations for both proteins. The RNA recognition motif (RRM), also known as ribonucleoprotein (RNP) domain or RNA binding domain, is one of the most common RNA binding domains, and proteins containing this domain are involved in most steps of eukaryotic gene expression (1–3). RRM domains typically consist of 90 amino acids and fold into modules with a 1R1 2 3R2 4 topology, where the four -strands form an antiparallel -sheet (4). Whereas one surface of the -sheet is involved in hydrophobic packing with the two R-helices, the other is the RNA binding surface. RRM domains contain two highly conserved ribonucleoprotein motifs, RNP1 and RNP2, located in the central -strands. The aromatic amino acids of the RNP motifs are thought to be involved in basestacking interactions with unpaired RNA bases (3). The RRM target RNAs are diverse in sequence and secondary structure. In general, RRMs use loop regions as well as Nand C-terminal extensions along with variations in the -sheet surface (5) to obtain RNA binding specificity, but individual RRMs use different mechanisms for RNA recognition depending on their RNA target. Negative transcription elongation factor (NELF) is a heterotetrameric protein of four subunits, NELF-A, NELFB, alternatively spliced NELF-C or NELF-D, and NELF-E (6). As a general transcription factor, NELF is involved not only in the regulation of human gene expression (7, 8) but also in the regulation of HIV-1 transcription by arresting the elongation complex (9, 10). The RNA binding activity of the NELF-E RRM is crucial for the function of NELF, and deletion of NELF-E RRM completely abolishes the function of NELF (11, 12). NELF is recruited to the elongation complex by binding to the nascent transcripts of RNA polymerase II (Rpol II) via the NELF-E RRM (11). The negative effect of NELF on HIV-1 transcription is counteracted by NELF-E phosphorylation and phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of Rpol II by positive transcription elongation factor b (p-TEFb) which in turn is recruited to the elongation complex via Zn2+-dependent interaction with HIV-1 transactivator (Tat) protein (10, 13–15). NELF-E RRM exhibits a canonical topology, that is, a four-stranded antiparallel -sheet surface packed against two R-helices, and the Nand the C-termini are unstructured in solution (16). Here we explore details of the structural changes induced into the NELF-E RRM upon RNA binding utilizing NMR spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS NMR Spectroscopy. 15Nand 13C,15N-labeled NELF-E RRM was expressed and purified as described (16). Synthetic RNA oligonucleotides purified by HPLC were purchased from biomers-GmbH, Ulm, Germany. All NMR experiments were performed at 298 or 303 K on Bruker Avance 700 and Avance 800 spectrometers equipped with cryogenic cooled 1H/13C/15N triple-resonance probes with pulsed-field gradient capabilities. NMR titration experiments were performed on 15N-labeled NELF-E RRM (0.1 mM) by measuring a series of 2D 1H-15N HSQC spectra with addition of unlabeled single-stranded TAR RNA oligonucleotides at various molar ratios, and 1H-15N resonance shift and line width changes † Financial support for this work has been provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; Ro617/16-1). * Corresponding author: phone, +49 921 553540; fax, +49 921 16490459; e-mail, email@example.com. 1 Abbreviations: HSQC, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectroscopy; NELF-E, negative elongation factor subunit E; RRM, RNA recognition motif; RNP, ribonucleoprotein; TAR, transactivator responsive element; Rpol, RNA polymerase; p-TEFb, positive transcription elongation factor b. Biochemistry 2008, 47, 3756–3761 3756 10.1021/bi702429m CCC: $40.75  2008 American Chemical Society Published on Web 02/28/2008 were monitored by analysis of these spectra. Normalized chemical shift changes were expressed as the weighted geometric average of 1HN and 15N chemical shift changes for each residue, and normalized chemical shift changes larger than 0.04 ppm were considered significant (31). The dissociation constants Kd were determined from the changes of chemical shifts of 15N-labeled NELF-E RRM observed in a 1H-15N HSQC spectrum after gradual addition of the respective unlabeled binding partners. Changes of chemical shift of signals in the fast-exchange limit were fitted to a two-state model. δobs ) δP + (δPL δP)[D + (1+ r)[P]0 2[P]0 √(KD + (1+ r)[P]0) 4[P]0r 2[P]0 ] (1) δobs, δP, and δPL are the chemical shifts for the actual mixture, the free protein, and the completely bound protein, respectively. [P]0 is the total concentration of NELF-E RRM, and r describes the NELF-E RRM/RNA ratio. To obtain the three-dimensional structure of RNA-bound NELF-E RRM, standard double and triple resonance NMR experiments were recorded. All NMR spectra for the structure determination were recorded at 303 K with a 1:1 complex of 0.5 mM uniformly 1H,15Nand 13C-labeled NELF-E RRM and 0.5 mM unlabeled single-stranded TAR49–57 in buffer containing 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 6.9, 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM DTT, 10% D2O, and 0.03% of NaN3. Distance restraints for structure calculation were derived from threedimensional 13Cand 15N-edited NOESY-HSQC experiments with mixing times of 120 ms (36, 37). NMR data were processed using in-house written software and analyzed with the program package NMRview 5.2.2 (32). Structure Determination. Backbone resonances of NELF-E RRM in complex with TAR49–57 were mainly assigned by following the resonances during the titration. Except for the resonances involved in RNA binding, all resonances could be assigned directly since they did not show any chemical shift perturbations. The resonances exhibiting large chemical shift changes were assigned by observing the characteristic NOEs in 15N NOESY-HSQC spectra. Many protein resonances in the complex gave chemical shifts and patterns of NOE cross-peaks similar to those observed for the free protein. Thus, most of the resonances were assigned by comparing the constant time 1H-13C HSQC spectra of the free and RNA-bound NELF-E RRM. Side chain resonance assignments for residues involved in RNA binding were achieved by following the trace of side chain protons in 3D HCCH-TOCSY and identifying characteristic NOEs in 13C NOESY-HSQC spectra. NOE cross-peaks identified in the 3D 15N and 13C NOESY-HSQC spectra in an iterative procedure as well as hydrogen bonds and JHNH scalar coupling constants were converted into distance and backbone torsion angle restraints, respectively, as described (16, 33). In total, 1929 distance restraints, 32 dihedral angles, and 24 hydrogen bonds were used for the structure calculation (Supporting Information, Table 1). All structure calculations were performed with the program X-PLOR 184.108.40.206 using the three-step simulated annealing protocol (33, 34) with floating assignment of prochiral groups (35) as described (16). The structural coordinates were deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB accession code 2jx2). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION RNA Binding Studies. To understand the RNA recognition process by NELF-E RRM in detail and to study the general features of RNA recognition by this protein motif, we performed NELF-E RRM-RNA binding studies by NMR using various single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides derived from the stem region of HIV-1 TAR RNA (Figure 1). Amide proton chemical shifts are usually a very sensitive probe to study side chain perturbations by direct ligand interaction or by protein conformational changes on ligand binding. Addition of unlabeled TAR1–10 to 15N-labeled NELF-E RRM led to chemical shift changes in the 1H-15N HSQC spectra for the residues located in the -sheet surface of NELF-E RRM (Figure 2), most remarkably for L42, V44, C75, and V78 in the central -strands but also for E81, K82, and M83 in the loop between 3 and 2 as well as M113, L114, D115, A116, and A117 in the C-terminus. Unambiguous assignment of the amide and nitrogen resonances was facilitated as all resonances were in the fast-exchange regime on the NMR time scale and thus could be traced easily during titration. Although NELF-E RRM binds to all TAR RNA oligonucleotides used in this study, binding resulted in FIGURE 1: Secondary structure of HIV-1 TAR RNA. Sequences of RNA oligonucleotides used for the binding studies with NELF-E RRM are shown in different colors. NELF-E RRM Target RNA Binding Biochemistry, Vol. 47, No. 12, 2008 3757


There is increasing evidence that Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has evolved into different genotypes and sub-genotypes in response to treatment. These differences emerge from constant mutations in the structural and non-structural parts within the genomes. These mutations decrease the susceptibility regions of the genome for the treatment and might increase the overall resistance. The aim was to apply in silico approaches to study the mutational rate and pattern at genome and gene levels of HBV across generations. A total of eight generation sequences were collected. All sequences were aligned and analyzed using Window Sliding Alignment method (WSA). A total of 9.99% mutations in genome, 1.32% in surface antigen gene, 3.44% in core protein gene, 17.24% in Polymerase gene and 17.68% in predicted Polymerase gene were found. The study shows and supports the previous finding of high mutational rate in Polymerase gene.


By means of literature reviews,interviews and investigation,the authors of this paper has carried on a study toward the logistic system of Guangzhou planned for the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games, considered its current developing situation and the challenges faced by its service market and proposed a series of advices as to the planning of the logistic system for the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games.


Its pollution occurs under the influence of cities on the natural medium: the introduction of new, uncharacteristic chemical, physical, biological substances, which leads to the disturbance of the functioning of ecological systems or their separate elements. Plants first are soiled, in this case their stability and properties useful for man is reduced. It is widely-known that the botanical gardens are the most important component of the system of re-planting city and sanitation of the ecology of urban environment.


This paper describes a hydrolytic stripping, in which the nickel-loaded phosphinic acid extractant (Cyanex 272) in aliphatic hydrocarbon was directly hydrolyzed by water at elevated temperatures to strip and recover nickel as hydroxide precipitates. This recovery route to nickel hydroxide is a combined process of the stripping and precipitation stages in a conventional solvent extraction. When contacted with water at 170−220 °C and 0.8−2.5 MPa for 2 h, the nickel phosphinate solution gave precipitates of nickel hydroxide. The resulting hydroxide powders were submicron sized agglomerates of very fine crystallites, which were readily calcined to nickel oxides at 280 °C in air within 24 h. The rates of hydroxide precipitation in a batch autoclave were sensitive to processing parameters such as liquid-phase stirring speed, temperature, and organic-phase compositions.


the Hebrew Bible and the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical books. John O'Keefe suggests that Christian monastic ascetic practices have much to teach a consumer-minded society about sustainability. Belden Lane offers the characteristics of God found in the trinitarian theology of John Calvin and Jonathan Edwards as a model for appreciating the natural world. Brock Bingaman brings the Orthodox theologies of John Cassian and Maximus the Confessor into interdisciplinary dialogue with the ecological concerns of Jürgen Moltmann. Robert Russell draws on insights from cosmology, quantum physics, and evolutionary biology as he develops an ecological spirituality. Nancy Wiens insists that spiritual discernment is necessary in order to make the right decisions regarding our relationship with and use of natural resources. Timothy Hessel-Robinson calls us to lament the senseless extinction of so many species. Laura Stivers engages Latina ecofeminsim as she challenges the privatization of water. Mellanie Harris examines Alice Walker's ecowomanist spirituality. Colleen Mary Carpenter critiques the representation of trees in the art of Emily Carr. Ray Maria McNamara argues that a genuine God-human relationship is only possible when one acknowledges one's embeddedness in the natural world. Each essay leads the reader out of the traditional confines of the respective discipline under examination into a new horizon of understanding without undermining the integrity of that discipline. Though the focus here is spirituality, taken together the essays demonstrate that ecotheology, whatever form it might take, is not a passing fancy, but a fundamental concern of all fields of theology. While some might think that ecotheology is a relatively recent phenomenon, the authors of these essays show that many of our religious ancestors recognized the religious significance of natural creation and bequeathed their insights to later generations. Too often it has been the present generation that has been slow to see and understand. All of the essays are well researched and written. However, one need not be an expert in any of the fields addressed in order to appreciate the insights of the author. Perhaps the most remarkable essay is the one by Robert Russell, which is also the only one not composed explicitly for this collection. Written almost twenty years ago, it is as current as any on the collection, a credit to the farsightedness of the author. This volume will be appreciated, not only by those in the field of spirituality, but also those committed to ecosensitivity of any kind.


Mine fire poses a serious impact on production safety of the mine and personal safety. Mine fire includes internal and external fire. Current monitoring methods can not satisfy the safe production due to their lower accuracy and validity. A new method was proposed to monitor and forecast the mine external fire in this paper. The proposed method analyzed the mine fire infrared image and several parameters such as temperature, smoke, CO, CO2, O2 etc., and finally made monitoring and forecast of the mine fire based on neural network. Experimental results show that our approach has high accuracy rate.


4 Abstract: In order to ascertain the consumption and cooking patterns of chicken meat in Hyderabad district, a survey based study was carried out during, 2006-2007. The sample size of 200 was comprised of 180 male and 20 female respondents having education from primary level to graduation, mostly married and all the respondents employed in public (40%) or private sector (60%) along with low monthly income in th e range of 1000-10000 rupees (68%). The 85% respondents liked to purchase broiler meat, while only 15% respondents showed their liking in meat of desi hen (indigenous poultry breed). 38% respondents consumed once a week, while 36% consumed monthly. 73% respondents purchased upto 1 kilogram, while 15% purchased 1-1.5kg. 68% respondents were having current knowledge of nutritive value and 32% respondents did not showed their knowledge over the nutritive value of commercial poultry meat. It was noted that at 74% told that their wives were responsible for cooking, 11% their daughters and 8% thei r mother/sister. 47% liked to cooked and consumed fried chicken, while 33.00% preferred to cook chicken curry, 20.% liked to prepare broast, 72% liked whole chicken, 18% showed their liking for breast meat and only 10% respondents expressed their liking towards leg meat. While enquiring the respondents whether they consumed meat during out break of diseases especially in bird flu disease, 58% respondents responded positively and told that they feel no hesitation in consuming meat during outbreak of diseases. 72% respondents enhanced their consumption in winter season and remaining 36% respondents commented that they did not enhance their consumption. 86% respondents responded optimistically and perceived that the meat is consumed normally at their homes in summer season. The respondents were asked to express consumption of meat in case of increased prices and 61% respondents had positive response and 37% showed negative response to this aspect. 70% respondents preferred first to eat chicken meat, 15% had choice of fish and 10% showed preference for beef/mutton, while only 5% expressed their preference for vegetables.


Pericardial effusion is commonly present in patients with moderate-to-severe hypothyroidism. However, large pericardial effusion causing cardiac tamponade (CT) is extremely rare. We report an atypical presentation of primary hypothyroidism (PH) where a young male presented with CT as the first manifestation of PH. The patient was treated with an immediate pericardiocentesis followed by levothyroxine replacement and showed complete resolution of pericardial effusion on follow-up. Hypothyroidism should be suspected as a possible etiology of massive pericardial effusion/CT in patients who have associated signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism and have bradycardia in the setting of CT.


In the field of renewable energy generation has been observed wind energy. Where the technology is more rapid growth. It attracts attention as one of the most effective ways in terms of the cost of generating electricity from renewable energy sources. The system wind generation has application for support grid. Voltage of the wind generator permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is directly driven by a variable due to the sporadic nature of wind energy. Voltage fluctuation and power of major concern in the connected network systems generate electricity using a wind converter list. Inverter is essential for interaction of from wind sources with Ac network. There are many as possible inverter the topology and inverter switch plans and each one will have its comparative advantages and disadvantages. Synchronous generators used a variable speed the permanent magnet to extract the utmost of energy from wind energy conversion system. The is suggested common strategy for power control the permanent magnet synchronous generator a system based on wind energy conversion (WECS) operating under different the network conditions. In the strategy, is used by the converter generator to dominate the voltage The DC link converter side of the network is responsible for the controlling the energy flow injected into the grid. Console by the generator has the potential inherent damping of torsional oscillations caused by the characteristics of the drive train. It uses the control of the part of the grid to meet the (power) requirements of active and reactive current laws specified in the grid. At the same time alleviate the distortions from the current network fault even with non-symmetric. Errors through the network, the converted by the generator automatically reduces the current transformers to keep the prey DC voltage generator acceleration caused by that organization Pitch. Compared with the traditional strategy, chopper, DC, which aims to help ride through the fault of the WECS, Could be eliminated if you use the proposed plan. Compared with the control system variable regulator. The proposed strategy has the responses faster and more accurate power which is beneficial to the recovery grid. The simulation results CHECK the effectiveness of proposed strategies. The hybrid control scheme proposed for energy storage systems (ESS), helicopters braking fault ride through the capability and suppress fluctuation INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJEET) ISSN 0976 – 6545(Print) ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 17-29 © IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijeet.asp Journal Impact Factor (2014): 6.8310 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com IJEET


An 82-year-old Japanese man with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presented with lumbago and a consequent fever. He was subsequently diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin: 2 μg/mL) complicated with a psoas abscess, facet joint and septic arthritis. Following the start of vancomycin treatment, the bacteremia persisted for eight days, despite an adequate trough level and source control. Therefore, we changed the medication to daptomycin (10 mg/kg/day) according to the appropriate guidelines (1), and the patient's blood culture became negative. After 16 days of treatment with daptomycin, he developed a low-grade fever and hypoxia. Because chest CT (Picture B) showed ground glass opacity in the bilateral lungs, which had not been present before 27 days (Picture A), we suspected daptomycin-induced pneumonitis (2) and changed the daptomycin to teicoplanin. Although sputum cytology was negative for eosinophils, the patient's symptoms and CT findings improved following the discontinuation of daptomycin (Picture C). In addition, the psoas abscess improved six weeks after the initiation of antibiotic therapy. These data demonstrate that it is important to provide a careful evaluation in Japanese patients receiving high doses of daptomycin.


Every three years, the OECD conducts the so-called PISA studies (Programme for International Student Assessment), the largest international studies of school performance. These studies test whether participating pupils can apply their acquired knowledge and link information in a meaningful way - key competencies for being successful in the information society of the 21st century. Some 600,000 pupils from 79 countries and regions participated in the latest 2018 PISA test. In the first test, conducted in 2000, Germany's pupils performed poorly, but now they achieve above-average results. But of concern to german education policymakers is the substantial achievement gap between pupils from favorable socioeconomic backgrounds and those from unfavorable social backgrounds in Germany. Although there has been progress since the first study in 2000, there have been setbacks in recent years. Further setbacks could follow. Due to the Corona crisis, schools had to be closed for several weeks. At short notice and without preparation distance learning was prescribed. However, Germany is not sufficiently prepared for this. In an international comparison, the technical equipment in schools, a prerequisite for sustainable "digital" learning success for pupils, is not particularly good. Pupils' conditions at home, especially among disadvantaged pupils, are also often not conducive to successful distance learning. They are less well equipped with PCs and laptops, have less access to the Internet, receive significantly less support from their parents, and their housing conditions are much more cramped. This raises fears that social selectivity could increase.


This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site BR-Sa3 Santarem-Km83-Logged Forest. Site Description - Cleared forest. Logged site is near km 83 along BR-183.


Wearable devices are spreading for various applications. However, many users quit using them partly because of the maintenance cost for charging or replacing batteries. To overcome the problem, some manufactures have applied energy harvesting to wearable devices. Nevertheless, the performance of such devices is still limited due to the limited amount of harvested energy. In this paper, we investigate a novel design of cooperative wearable devices to enhance its performance in terms of reliability and accuracy. Our key idea is applying ambient backscatter to battery-less (i.e. energy harvest) wearable devices for wireless communication among them. Ambient backscatter is an emerging technology which achieves ultra-low power wireless communication. We focus on travel context estimation as a target application and design a framework by combining battery-less wearable devices and ambient backscatter. Since the energy of the battery-less devices is still limited, the framework should be energy efficient. We carefully design the division of tasks considering the classification algorithm. The experimental results show our frame work achieves 92% accuracy while the energy consumption is up to $52.94\ \mu \mathbf{W}$, which is sufficient to work with the energy harvesting.


The effect of the protein precipitants acetone, acetonitrile, perchloric acid and trichloroacetic acid on free amino acid concentrations in supernatants from ovine plasma and bovine serum albumin solutions was determined. The organic precipitants decreased (P < 0.05) free amino acid concentrations in a protein concentration dependent manner while the acid precipitants had no effect. Key words: Amino acids, protein precipitating agents


(57) Abstract: deposited on the surface preparation method of the reaction by decontamination possible chemical and self decontaminating surfaces for decontaminating biological contaminants of free hydroxy radicals. First, the method comprises the step of specifying a treatment surface which can be exposed to ultraviolet light. Next, exemplified but not limited to the anatase titanium dioxide, the coating of the nanoparticles of transition metal oxides, applied to the selected surface. The coating applicator is sprayed clusters on the surface of the heated nanoparticles or nanoparticles from the feedstock is accomplished by forming a nanoparticle coating. Temperature of the nanoparticles, it leaves the spray device is at least about 750 ° C., the nanoparticles have a size of between about 5nm of 100 nm. Finally, it may be artificially even naturally from the environment, the treated surface exposed to ultraviolet light and moisture, by the catalytic action, generally to harmless contaminants react with subsequent contamination generate free hydroxyl radicals.


School pesticide notification requirements (New York State Education Law §409-h). In summary, the law and the corresponding Commissioner's Regulation 8 NYCRR 155.24 applies to public and nonpublic elementary/secondary schools, including all instructional and administrative buildings and grounds, playgrounds, athletic fields, and bus garages. The following highlights the requirements associated with section 409-h.


This study explores the lived experiences of Chinese teachers in American Chinese Schools. Max van Manen's methodology for hermeneutic phenomenological research provides a framework for the study, and the philosophical writings of Heidegger, Gadamer, and Derrida guide the textual interpretations. Pedagogical voices of Aoki, Pinar, and Greene, and cultural journeys of Hongyu Wang and Xin Li reveal possibilities for understanding the experiences of Chinese teachers, as the question is addressed: "What is the meaning of teaching Chinese in American Chinese Schools?" Ten Chinese teachers engaged in a series of open-ended conversations. The conversations illuminate the experience of Confucian teaching meeting American pedagogies around two main themes. First, in following the metaphor of Chinese knotwork, the teachers speak of their struggles and challenges between Chinese Confucian and American pedagogies, reflect on splitting and splicing the knots through changing and adjusting their method of Confucian teaching. Second, they tell of the experiences of building bridges in a third space through dialogically connecting the different cultures and pedagogies in order to seek the appropriate way of teaching and learning Chinese well in American Chinese Schools.


According to orthogonal experimental design,factors influencing freezing-thawing splitting strength of AC-13 and AC-20 modified asphalt mixture as well as their relativiy were studied.Through the test,it was demonstrated that the gradation composition played a desicive role in determining the AC-13 asphalt mixture freezing-thawing splitting strength,while it exerted little influence on the OAC;VV and sand equivalent value were crucial factors for AC-20 asphalt mixture freezing-thawing splitting strength;there was a good linear relationship between freezing-thawing splitting strength and Marshall performance index.Suggestions for improving construction quality were made.


The physical context that we are interested in is the one of the kinetic theory of gases. There exists several levels of description for this one: the microscopic, the mesoscopic and the macroscopic scales. The famous sixth problem of Hilbert is about linking these different scales. More specifically, it suggests to use the Boltzmann equation as an intermediate step in the transition between atomistic and continuous models for gas dynamics. The historical result addressing this question is due to Lanford [10] who established the convergence in the low density limit to the Boltzmann equation, starting from the particle system called hard spheres (only for short times). Until the end of the 90's, the proof of Lanford has been completed by many authors. More recently, the proof has been improved by means of quantitative estimates by Gallagher, Saint-Raymond, Texier [8], Pulvirenti, Saffirio, Simonella [12]. Recent improvements regarding the linear setting have been also made (Bodineau, Gallagher, Saint-Raymond[4], Ayi [2], . . . ).


A private data network is considered. A stochastic model which accounts for the random nature of message generation is set up. The network in the calculation model is viewed as a queueing system consisting of a number of devices. By approximate methods the distribution of the response time, excluding processing, is obtained. The comparisons between the analytical and simulation results show good agreement for the cases with low traffic when the model is not strongly affected by the independence assumptions. 346/1


This paper summarizes the state of the knowledge and practice for multimodal design and the use of multimodal performance measures in transportation projects. The traditional auto-centric approach to transportation performance measurement is reviewed before turning to recent efforts to design and evaluate projects across multiple modes. Approaches to developing multimodal level of service (MMLOS) measures, including the differences between supply- and demand-based performance measures, are reviewed and how these measures can integrate into the design process summarized. Five U.S. state Departments of Transportation are identified as multimodal practice leaders and a review of their design processes is provided to benchmark the state of the practice. It is found that, compared with traditional approaches, modern best practice for multimodal projects engages a broader range of stakeholders in project design, considers a wider range of alternatives, and allows for more design flexibility to match a solution to its specific context. The literature and current practice have not yet standardized on a single approach or list of performance measures to fit all multimodal projects. Rather, today's multimodal design processes employ a suite of performance measures that address the competing stakeholder interests involved in a solution and allow them to see the tradeoffs among competing goals.


When the document images are gathered through digital camera,the skewness cannot be avoided.The layout of the document image is so complicated,it is very difficult to find a generally-used algorithm to rectify those document images,so puts forward a method for different layout of the document.For form document,using Hough transform to extract horizontal or vertical lines;for those document images only contain text line,using run-length smoothing and refining processing to access lines;then straight-line fitting by the least distance method to access the skew degree.The method avoids the faults from the traditional method of least-square method.And based on the classical Hough transform method of testing line,the paper proposes improved method thus greatly saves time.The experimental results show that the proposed method,which is proved to be robust,fast,and precise.


Retention and dewatering count among the central processes of papermaking. They are subject to a multitude of influential factors, such as additives, process temperatures, shear forces and contact times with chemicals. A detailed laboratory analysis of all relevant parameters is indispensable in order to optimize retention and drainage and thus to improve both PM runnability and paper quality. Hitherto, these analyses have been very time-consuming and labour-intensive. In 1999, PTS launched a research project focusing on retention in the paper machine which was aimed at developing a new laboratory method for adequate simulation of the PM process conditions of drainage and retention. Among others, the project was to yield a test setup allowing a greatly accelerated determination of retention and drainage. The paper industry - i.e. the former BTG Pulp & Sensors in Saffle, Sweden, and BTG Mutek in Herrsching, Germany - supported the project by providing measuring equipment The above companies that have merged in the meantime, used the findings of the above PTS project to design a new measuring system -the DFR-04 - which is described in detail in the second part of this paper. In addition, the presentation gives an overview of customary methods of measuring retention, dewatering and freeness and outlines the principle of consistency measurement by the Peak Method as applied in the DFR-04.


Among the tasks that the ACS Committee on Professional Training undertakes is the periodic revision of the ACS Guidelines and Evaluation Procedures for Bachelor's Degree Programs (also known as "th...


When major emergencies occurred the original railway communications equipment might be damaged,which could result in the disruption of communication.Ad Hoc net could be established automatically and quickly.After the analysis of the framework and characters of Ad Hoc network,this paper established the route based on DSR protocol,used their own wireless transceiver to communicate with other nodes directly.


Classical conditioning has become a focus of growing interest as a basic framework for interpreting advertising effects. This article argues that a more precisely specified, affective-conditioning hypothesis merits close attention from consumer researchers, in part because little unequivocal evidence is available to uphold its viability. A study that extends Gorn's (1982) recent investigation of affective conditioning is reported. The new data furnish little support for the affective-conditioning hypothesis and implicate an alternative theoretical explanation.


The scientific events in archival science are a space for reflection on the theoretical and practical aspects of the archivist's professional practice. Through an exploratory research, addressing the qualitative and quantitative aspects, the points of discussion about users in the editions of the national archival science conference were analyzed, showing a very small participation.
Keywords: archives; researcher; scientific event.


Long after "globalization" has been reduced to the status of a meaningless buzzword, European and U.S. scholars in psychology, sociology, and education are still trying to make sense of Japan. The problem is Japan is simply different, and it shouldn't be. Perry's "Black Ships" forced Japan's feudal lords to open its ports to the world; Americans served as some of its very first teachers and high-level consultants, influencing the building of Japan's modern school system in the late 1800s. And, during the occupation of Japan, a panel of U.S. educators and administrators remade the Japanese school system in the U.S. image. So, why isn't Japan just like the United States? And why do we still care? The second question is easier to answer. We care because in psychology, sociology, and education, several major theoretical traditions are based on postulations that indicate that Japan long ago should have ended up like the United States. Psychology's "Japan problem," as Robert Levine notes in Japanese Frames of Mind (xi), is that its cultural variation undermines attempts to formulate universal psychological postulates. Levine, a former member of the now classic six cultures study of child development (Whiting and Whiting 1975), recognizes that many of the core theories of psychology fail to account for the range of behavior we see in Japan. For sociologists, Japan is particularly


Abstract The first Special Observing Period (SOP-1) of the Antarctic First Regional Observing Study of the Troposphere (FROST) was completed in July 1994 and provided a unique opportunity to assemble a comprehensive dataset for the Antarctic region. Data obtained from this intensive collection effort have been undergoing analysis at several centers around the world, including Hobart in Australia. The synoptic analysis program for SOP-1 has been completed in Hobart and, additionally, a reanalysis of a "special week" (22–28 July) has been undertaken, enabling 500-hPa contour fields to be constructed for the region south of 50°S. Results of these analyses for continental Antarctica are presented and comparisons made with operational analyses from numerical models. Satellite imagery from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) was employed in the special week reanalysis and has provided evidence of several vortices that moved southward over East Antarctica during the latter part of July 1994 and a...


We define a new notion of thin position for a graph in a 3-manifold which combines the ideas of thin position for manifolds first originated by Scharlemann and Thompson with the idea of thin position for knots first originated by Gabai. This thin position has the property that connect summing annuli and pairs-of-pants show up as thin levels. In a forthcoming paper, this new thin position allows us to define two new families of invariants of knots, links, and graphs in 3-manifolds. The invariants in one family are similar to bridge number and the invariants in the other family are similar to Gabai's width for knots in the 3-sphere. The invariants in both families detect the unknot and are additive under connected sum and trivalent vertex sum.


This paper presents the design and structural details of two mooring masts, one for outdoor remotely controlled airships and the other one for indoor remotely controlled airships. In a previous study, a mast for outdoor remotely controlled airship was designed to meet several user-specified operating requirements, and a simplified version of the same was fabricated. A spring loaded device was incorporated that sounds an alarm when the wind-loads exceed a threshold value, so that the airship can be taken indoors. The present study started with a critical analysis of that mast, and a new mast was designed and fabricated to remove several of its shortcomings. This mast consists of power screw operated telescopic module made of aluminium, mounted on a five legged base with castor wheels, for ease in mobility. Components of the existing mast were used to the extent possible, and the design was simplified to meet the assembly and transportation requirements. The spring mechanism used in alarming device was also modified to ensure higher sensitivity in the range of maximum expected windloads acting on the airship. A lightweight mooring mast for indoor remotely controlled airships was also designed and fabricated, which can accommodate non-rigid indoor airships of length up to 4 m. The mast consists of an elevating bolt operated telescopic module mounted on a tripod adapter base, with lockable castor wheels, and has a specially designed mooring-clamp at the top. The various modules and components of the mast were designed to enable quick assembly and transportation.


Rainfall is the vital ingredient and factor of soil nourishment on which crops are grown. The basic agricultural practices all over the world depend on rainfed cultivation for their sustainable development. This study focus on the rainfall trend between 2010 -2018 as it affects crop production in Keffi Nasarawa State, Nigeria. The time series analysis was conducted by using appropriate techniques of data collection and analysis. The linear integration model, quadratic trend model, growth curve model and regression analysis was applied to show the correlation between the rainfall and crop production in the study area. It was discovered that the period of rainy months have high correction and significantly fitted the model which indication high crop yields per harvest.


We tested several models in which the Standard Model (SM) gauge group is extended by an additional U(1) gauge symmetry against available electroweak precision data to impose limits on the mass of the neutral Z′ boson, MZ′, predicted in all such models, and on the Z−Z′ mixing angle, θZZ′, at 95% C.L. We found lower limits on MZ′ of order 1 TeV in most cases, while θZZ′ was found to be constrained to very small values.


Analogously with Cu(In,Ga)Se2, CuInS2 shows a high degree of spatial inhomogeneities in structural, optical and electronic properties on the length scale of grain sizes and above which is caused by the grainy structure and the inhomogeneous growth of absorber layers. To analyse these locally fluctuating magnitudes, spectrally resolved photoluminescence measurements with high lateral resolution (⩽1μm) have been performed in a confocal microscope setup. Based on these data sets and on Planck's generalized law determination of the spatial variation in the splitting of the quasi-Fermi levels and access to the local absorbance is possible. A detailed analysis of these properties, crucial for the solar light conversion efficiency of a final cell, is made for a CuInS2 absorber layer for data obtained from statistically representative scan areas. A cross-correlation between the splitting of the local quasi-Fermi levels and the local absorbance of an absorber leads to the conclusion that the splitting of quasi-Fermi levels is strongly governed by the excess-carrier recombination via deep defects.


Abstract : The tasks accomplished to date include preparation of 387 panels undergoing preliminary exposure testing at FIT and Miami Marine Research and Testing Station; preparation of 204 downselected panels for exposure at Bridger Scientific, FIT, SUNY Buffalo and the University of Hawaii; preparation and initial evaluation of 17 downselected panels for hydrofoil testing at FIT; deployment of 1 set of bilge keel panels; patch tests on the USS Nevada; and the first of two large scale validations. Statistical analysis shows clear performance differences between downselected coatings. Coatings have been analyzed based on coverage, barnacle, oyster, tubeworm and snail adhesion values, and water jet removal of slimes and hard fouling. Although nearly all coatings have improved performance relative to RTV11, 4 of the downselected coatings show substantially reduced adhesion values. The top performers have been applied to bilge peel panels and test patches. Hydrodynamic drag testing has been performed on several of the downselected coatings.


Su Manshu is one of the pioneers in foreign literature translation in modem China He paid much attention to the translation of Western peems and was an ardent worshiper of George Gordon Byron.Having a wide contact with foreign cultures he was good at accepting those advanced ideas from them.He contridated a lot to the communication between Chinese culture and foreign cultures.


Abstract. Radar interferometry has progressed very much in the last two decades. It is now a powerful remote sensing techniques to monitor ground motion. The technique has undergone an important development in terms of processing and data analysis algorithms. This has been accompanied by an important increase of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data acquisition capability by spaceborne sensors. A step forward was the launch of the Copernicus Sentinel-1 constellation. This has made the development of A-DInSAR (Advanced Differential Interferometric SAR) ground deformation services technically feasible. The paper is focused on the most important ground motion initiative ever conceived: the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS). This service is part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service managed by the European Environment Agency. EGMS involves the ground deformation monitoring at European scale. The service will deliver the first product in May 2022. In this paper we describe some preliminary examples of deformation products coming from the EGMS.


The small oxbow lakes central to the Mississippi Delta MSEA project provided a model system for evaluating the effects of watershed management and cropping practices on the dynamics of herbicide concentrations and planktonic populations. In 1996 and 1997, cotton was planted in about 50% of the area of three watersheds, and maximum fluometuron concentrations of 5.7, 5.0 and 12.4 μg L were observed in Beasley, Deep Hollow and Thighman lake water samples, respectively. The metabolite desmethyl fluometuron was present in all lakes (2.0 to 4.0 μg L). In 1998, significant areas of Beasley and Thighman watersheds were planted in corn. Maximum concentrations of atrazine and metolachlor observed in Thighman lake water in 1998 were 15.0 and 7.2 μg L, respectively, occurring in May. In Beasley Lake, maximum water concentrations of atrazine and metolachlor were 2.5 and 1.8 μg L, respectively, occurring in late summer. Although differences in herbicide dissipation in the lakes may be partly explained by hydrology, cropping and management practices, the microbiological characteristics of the lake also need to be considered. Differences in planktonic populations and activity were observed among the lakes,


We investigate the isocurvaton model, in which the isocurvature perturbation plays a role in suppressing the curvature perturbation, and large non-Gaussianity and gravitational waves can be produced with no isocurvature perturbation for dark matter. We show that in the slow-roll noninteracting multifield theory, the isocurvaton mechanism cannot be realized. This result can also be generalized to most of the studied models with generalized kinetic terms. We also study the implications for the curvaton model. We show that there is a combined constraint for curvaton on non-Gaussianity, gravitational waves, and isocurvature perturbation. The technique used in this paper can also help to simplify some calculations in the mixed inflaton and curvaton models. We also investigate the possibility of producing large negative non-Gaussianity and nonlocal non-Gaussianity in the curvaton model.


Objective:To explore the risk factors,especially factors of ethnicity,religion,neurosis,and so on to neurosis in rural area of Ningxia.Method:Using probability proportion to size sampling,3269 residents aged 18 years or over were sampled out.Face to face interviews were conducted by the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-computer assisted personal interview for making diagnoses of mental disorders.Those people who met any of the neurosis criteria of the World Health Organization.The International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problem,Tenth Revision(ICD-10) were as the case group.The control group included those people who lived in the same area and had same career with the case group but never met any diagnostic criteria of mental disorders.Logistic stepwise regression model was employed to detect the risk factors of neurosis.Results:There were 283 people who met with one of neurosis criteria in this sample,and 1064 without any mental disorder as the control group.All of the subjects were farmers.Univariate statistical analysis showed that there were higher proportion of Hui ethnicities(χ2=14.37,P0.01),females(χ2=18.94,P0.01),illiterates(χ2=26.79,P0.01),ones with age of 40 years or over(χ2=6.54,P0.05),people with Muslim beliefs(χ2=5.00,P=0.025) and migrants(χ2=8.76,P0.01) in case group than that in control group.Logistic regression analysis showed that females(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.30-2.41),ones with age of 40(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.23-2.23),Hui ethnicities(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.24-2.19),migrants(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.12-1.98) had higher rates of neurosis.Conclusion:It suggests that female,Hui ethnicity,migration,elder ages may be the risk factors to neurosis in Ningxia rural area.


In order to obtain fundamental informations on hydrogasification of coal, thermogravimetric curves were measured for chars prepared by heat-treatment of coals at temperature range from 400°C to 900°C.Kinetic analysis of hydrogasification was done with the following equation in which the rate was expressed in terms of unit surface area;Rate constant= (-dw/dt) /S= (-dw/dt) /Cmiddot;w2/3=1/Ckwhere w and S are weight and sruface area of samples, respectively.C is a constant depending on both shape factors and density.It was found from the results that k value was generally larger for chars than those for original coals and a maximum value of k was obtained for the char heat-treated at 600°C.As the rate was closely related to the internal surface area of each sample, the reaction would be thought to proceed in such a way that gaseous H2 molecule could enter even into a considerably small pore of the solid to react with carbon.


Yuzhu instructions provided in response vector blend and permute functionality, the instructions specify: a destination vector register for storing vector elements of the field, a first vector register, the size of vector elements, a second vector register, and a third operand . Field from the second to read the index register. Each index selector having a first portion and a second selector portion. The respective unmasked vector elements stored in the destination register field, wherein in response to a respective first selector portion having a first value, the copy of each vector element corresponding to the intermediate vector field data from the first register , in response to a respective first selector portion having a second value, the copy of each vector element corresponding to the intermediate vector field data from the third operand. Then, unmasked data field of the destination field of the replacement data to provide an index of a second selector via a respective portion of the intermediate vector.


BACKGROUND
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Chronic inflammation and a combination of environmental and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis and development of DN.

OBJECTIVE
This case-control study aimed to determine the relationship between rs7529229 and rs2228145 polymorphisms of the IL-6R gene with the incidence of nephropathy among T2D patients.

METHODS
Fifty-six diabetic patients with nephropathy and 57 T2D patients without nephropathy were included based on inclusion criteria, along with 150 healthy individuals.

METHODS
Fifty-six diabetic patients with nephropathy and 57 T2D patients without nephropathy were included based on inclusion criteria, along with 150 healthy individuals.

RESULTS
The frequencies of AC and CC genotype distributions of the rs2228145 polymorphism in DN patients were significantly higher than in healthy individuals (24.1 and 9.3% versus 10.7 and 6.7%, respectively, P= 0.02). Moreover, the frequency of allele C was higher in DN patients compared to healthy controls (21.30% versus 12%, P=0.025). However, genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the rs7529229 IL-6R polymorphism in DN patients were not statistically significant in comparison with diabetic patients and healthy individuals (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSION
The results showed that the allele and genotype distribution frequencies of rs2228145 IL-6R gene polymorphism in patients with DN were significantly higher than in healthy individuals. Therefore, the presence of this polymorphism may be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy in this population.


The invention relates to an operation input system that enables to input a command for a value of an adjustment amount for a predetermined adjustment subject through an intuitive operation without closely watching a display screen. The operation input system includes protrusion members arranged in accordance with a predetermined rule along a flat surface. The distal end portions of the protrusion member are able to protrude from the flat surface. The system also includes a protrusion control section that controls a protrusion height of each of the protrusion members and a command reception section that receives input of a command for a value of an adjustment amount. The protrusion control section causes a plurality of the protrusion members disposed along a predetermined reference direction in a set region set on the flat surface to protrude and the command reception section sets a value of the adjustment amount corresponding to a position of the protrusion members along the reference direction.


Abstract Statistical analysis of distributions of hill‐forts and open settlements of the Iron Age in certain areas of southern Britain, including the Cotswolds and Lower Severn Valley, suggests that sites attributable to the later phases of the Iron Age occur in closer spatial association with heavier, and more fertile, lowland clay, and gravel soils than sites of the earlier phases of the Iron Age, which have a closer association with lighter, upland soils. The implications of such a trend, and the validity of its interpretation in terms of changing population distribution, land use, and agricultural practice are discussed.


Human embryogenesis and the development of its most unique product, the human brain, are believed to be precisely regulated by factors adopted during human evolution that differentiate us from other species. Nevertheless, increasing evidence shows an unthinkable "alien" factor may have contributed to the process. Pervasive horizontal gene transfer between species mediated by retroviruses is such a defining factor of evolution [1]. Retroviral infections occurred in germline cells and were able to transfer the genomic codes vertically from parent to offspring. These genes once integrated into the host chromosome, can get dispersed and exist in multiple mutated copies throughout the host genome. As a result, retroviral genes and other retro elements contribute to about 50% of the human genome. Of these, 20% belong to the group of LINEs and over 8% consists of HERVs which are relatively intact since they were acquired more recently [2]. From an evolutionary point of view, these retroviral elements have at least a few known functions that could benefit the human host. Generally, the vast amount of such "relic" genes in the genome can provide a specific buffer zone to preserve functional genes against further viral infections and other gene mutation causing events. The similarities of gene sequences and functions provide a more specific competition to limit further similar viral infections [3]. These functions are evidenced by the abnormal shares of mutations and translocations within the retroviral elements compared with other functional genes. Other functions of the HERV proteins lent to the host include the immune regulatory functions, such as an immunosuppressive function mediated by a domain located in the transmembrane subunit of the HERV-W [4,5]. In the present review, we focus on the effects of retroviral elements on human embryogenesis and neural development.


In some embodiments, a light processing system includes a light modulator and a controller configured to control outputting data to the light modulator in accordance with an external timing signal. The external timing signal may come from a color switching device. For example, in some embodiments, frame synchronization for a projection display is performed by a data flow controller instead the color wheel controller. In some embodiments, frames may be repeated or dropped. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.


Study on the optimum conditions of preparation of Pholiota nameko(Pn) protoplast indicated that: using OS medium,put hyphae of Pn that had cultured for 13 days into the solution with 1.5 % helicase,0.6 mol/L mannitol,pH 6.5,and digested for 5 hours in 25 ℃,the protoplast output could reach to the highest,and as high as 4.85×106/mL.


School as one of the physical building having important role to supporting its consumer activities. Lack of conservancy activity resulting negative impact, that is less productivity of activities executed by users. So that, need the estimate of maintance building cost. Estimate of repair conservancy cost must be accurate and precisely on target because basically estimate is very important in construction management. So that, need doing analyse comparison using some method in approximate estimate which accurate as guidance. Persuant to analyse results using methods in approximate estimate, damage percentage what is obtained for Elementary School 0f 006 is 0,97%; Elementary School of 021/022 is 2,21%; and Elementary School of 013 is 6,12%. While repairing cost is needed for each Elementary School is Rp. 18.195.000 ; Rp.77.930.00 ; Rp. 174.545.000. And repairing cost that must be provided by government for 2012 each Elementary School is Rp. 37.569.000 ; Rp. 73.399.000 ; Rp. 57.049.000 which each Elementary School using method persuant to ceiling price per square metre by Public Work of Departement. But condition of three building still be categorized as light damage.


Dinitrogen chemisorbs on two neighbouring copper atoms of Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts that are demonstrated to be the active sites for NO decomposition.


We demonstrate single-shot compressive three-dimensional (3D) $(x, y, z)$ imaging based on interference coding. The depth dimension of the object is encoded into the interferometric spectra of the light field, resulting a $(x, y, \lambda)$ datacube which is subsequently measured by a single-shot spectrometer. By implementing a compression ratio up to $400$, we are able to reconstruct $1G$ voxels from a 2D measurement. Both an optimization based compressive sensing algorithm and a deep learning network are developed for 3D reconstruction from a single 2D coded measurement. Due to the fast acquisition speed, our approach is able to capture volumetric activities at native camera frame rates, enabling 4D (volumetric-temporal) visualization of dynamic scenes.


According to Ortega y Gasset, human life is configured in a precise form and under circumstances that include things, others, and the level and socio-cultural characteristics of the world a person happens to live in. We can understand life from its historical and projective perspective, but we can also analyze it as "radical reality," with its "formalities." One can question from what angle psychopathological difficulties should be judged. Taking the concepts of "self-gathering" (ensimismamiento) and "alteration" (alteracion), we inquire into their possible deviations.


Child poverty is much lower in France than in the United States, although both countries have a similar proportion of births to unmarried mothers, and minority populations of comparable size. The differing poverty rates reflect differences in their programs of support for families with children, both in the amounts spent and in the contents of their programs. French program elements include government provision of child care, health insurance and cash support, most with no means testing. The U.S. program only tries to keep jobless families from destitution; the French program aims higher.


According to the management shortage of the paper and electronic document, this paper structured a geological hazards information management system based on GIS,database and network technology supported by ArcEngine component library of ESRI. This system had the functions including storage, update, query, analysis and publishes for the geological hazards information. It brought out the network management of geological hazards information and provided technical support for the management and emergency prediction.


Foreword vii Lee S. Shulman Acknowledgments xv The Authors xvii 1. Liberal Learning for Business Education: An Integrative Vision 1 2. Business and the Academy: Founding Hopes and Continuing Challenges 14 3. On the Ground: The Challenges of Undergraduate Business Education 32 4. The Meaning and Relevance of Liberal Education 51 5. Teaching for Key Dimensions of Liberal Learning 70 6. Pedagogies of Liberal Learning in Business Education 88 7. Structural Approaches to Integration: Building Institutional Intentionality 111 8. Emerging Agendas: Globalization and Entrepreneurship 132 9. The Way Forward 161 References 179 Index 185


It is pointed out that the educational complex is capable to satisfy the today`s personal demands adeguatly to the modern state and society development only in case of adequate economic relations. Conceptual approaches to the development and financing the material and technical basis of the regional educational system have been analysed. The study is based on innovative processes and rich statistical material. The investments patterns and their volume are also analysed.


ABSTRACT For the past ten years, the growth debate has been urban-centric, at least in Germany, while rural areas have been largely associated with depopulation. Despite their importance, small towns fall into a systematic perception gap in scientific and planning discourses. Against this background, this paper applies a threefold conceptualization of scalar relations paying analytical attention to (1) population trajectories, (2) the relation of spatial proximity and development, and (3) the influence of international migration on population development. Covering the period 1961–2018, this paper shows that despite a current demographic respite due to increased international migration, many small towns will continue to face the long-term consequences of population decline. This is accompanied by an increasing spatial differentiation of population growth rates. The relation between proximity to large centres and population growth is weakening, giving rise to other factors, e.g. residential amenities and competition between small and medium-sized towns. Based on this quantitative assessment, we conclude that small towns are the most dynamic settlement type in Germany and, at the same time, extremely heterogeneous in terms of trajectories and underlying driving factors. We also discuss conceptual aspects regarding process-understanding, terms, categories, and tools to analytically grasp the complexity of small towns.


The study aimed at comparing job satisfaction among cataloguers in federal and private university libraries in Nigeria and to identify what cataloguers are satisfied and dissatisfied with. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. Data was collected  from cataloguers in federal and private university libraries in Nigeria using on-line method. In total, 67 cataloguers from 32 university libraries in Nigeria responded to the questionnaire which was used for the analysis. Overall, cataloguers in federal university libraries were more satisfied with their job than their private university counterparts. This is as a result of differences that exist between cataloguers in federal and private university libraries in the following dimensions: roles and responsibilities, work culture, performance evaluation, rewards/salaries/benefits, professional development, opportunities, and future concerns. Findings will inform library management, especially private  university libraries, to improve working conditions of the cataloguers by way of providing necessary facilities, good remuneration, providing benefits, incentives, allowances to keep the cataloguers motivated and satisfied with their job.


Objectives The present study was designed to assess outcomes of patients undergone radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for their incompetent perforator veins (IPVs) with ClosureFast stylets. Methods Data of 165 IPVs in 138 limbs of 117 consecutive patients between July 2017 to Nov. 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoints (technical success rate, complications) and secondary endpoints (VCSS) were analyzed. Results The immediate technical success rate was 100%. There were no major complications. The rate of ecchymosis and induration was 5.8%. 129/165 IPVs in 79.5% (93/117) patients had achieved sonographic evaluation at 1 year followed-up, in which 3 perforators were recanalized. VCSS scores at pre-operation and 1-year follow-up were 5.77 ± 1.88 and 2.70 ± 1.39, respectively (t= 29.644, P= .000). Conclusions In conclusion, RFA is safe and effective for the treatment of IPVs. At the 1-year follow-up, the RFA of IPVs showed a low recanalization rate and had a satisfactory improvement on VCSS.


The floating zone growth of magneto‐optical crystal YFeO3 has been investigated. The polycrystalline feed rod was prepared by a pressure of 250MPa and sintering at about 1500°C. A crack‐ free YFeO3 single crystal has been successfully grown. The crystal preferred to crystallize along <100> direction with about 10° deviation. The X‐ray rocking curve of the crystal has a FWHM of 24 arcsec, confirming the high crystal quality of the sample. The (100) plane was etched by hot phosphoric acid and the dislocation density was about 104/cm2. A thin outer layer with Y2O3‐rich composition was found at the periphery of as‐grown crystals, which was attributed to the Fe2O3 evaporation during growth. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


An oxide semiconductor changes its resistance with exposure of water molecules and is accepted to be governed by electronic and protonic conduction in low and high humid atmosphere, respectively, without any experimental evidences. Here, we report on the experimental evidence of a relative humidity (RH) dependent crossover, from an electronic to protonic conduction and its oscillatory behaviour in mesoporous SnO2. Interestingly, oscillatory conduction observed in the intermediate humidity range (70%–90% RH) lies in between two monotonic variations that substantiate the competitive adsorption and desorption processes of oxygen species and water molecules. In addition, we have shown that the conduction process can be tuned predominantly electronic or protonic by pre- and post-UV treatment. The conductance increases by 2–3 orders as the conduction changes from pure electronic to protonic, suggesting an insulator-to-metal like transition.


In the present study, skin scabs were collected from a total number of 10 severely affected Dromedarian camels (Camelus dromedarius) maintained by the Border Security Force (BSF) of Bikaner, Rajasthan an, India. Two immunomodulatory protein genes, 163R and 201R of camelpoxvirus (CMLV) were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction using gene specific primers, followed by cloning and sequencing using the standard experimental protocols. CMLV 163R protein is the orthologue of Vaccinia virus A46R protein possessing the VIPER (viral inhibitory peptide of TLR4) sequence (an 11 amino acid peptide-KYSFKLILAEY) at its α1 helix. The RGD motif necessary for mediating the immunomodulatory mechanism is present in the amino acid sequences of CMLV 201R protein. Sequence analysis of both 163R and 201R genes revealed that CMLV obtained from India shared 100% identity with CMLV-Iran and CMLV-Kazakhstan strains both at DNA and protein level. Based on the nucleotide and amino acid residue sequence identities and phylogenetic analyses of these genes, it is found that CMLV-India is forming a cluster with Kazakhstan and Iranian CMLV isolates.


In recent years, the productivity performance of oil and gas extraction in Canada has been dismal. Based on official real GDP and labour input estimates from Statistics Canada, labour productivity in oil and gas extraction fell 8.23 per cent per year between the 2000 cyclical peak and 2007, with capital productivity down 5.97 per cent per year over the same period and total factor productivity (TFP) off 6.67 per cent per year between 2000 and 2006. Among the various hypotheses put forward to explain these trends, the most robust seems to be that higher output prices have suppressed productivity growth through two effects: increased exploitation of low-productivity marginal deposits, and business decisions based on profitability rather than productivity. Despite the rapid decline in productivity in oil and gas extraction, it is not necessarily true that Canadians are worse off. In fact, increased output prices and employment shares in the industry, as well as the high productivity level, have resulted in positive contributions to Canada"s aggregate labour productivity growth from 2000 to 2006.


The major problem addressed by this study was to investigate the relationship between characteristics of the research methods used in selected subject subfields. In order to carry out the investigation a non-experimental design was employed, and an evaluative instrument was developed for assigning a quantitative score to published research based on characteristics of the research methods utilized. Evaluative scores were thus assigned to 244 randomly selected research studies drawn from two scientific subfields manifesting different rates of growth.


This study of designs for passive control established 3 basic objectives. The first phase of this project developed field techniques to measure the effectiveness of passive designs. Four measures were formulated and tested in 3 pilot studies. The studies showed that the standard deviation of the spot speeds on the crossing was high in relation to the variation of spot speeds on approach. Head movements of motorists looking down the tracks were found to be virtually nonexistent. Brake lights were applied on the approach to the rail crossing in only 7.6 percent of the vehicles, even though over 60 percent of the motorists claimed to slow down. Two combinations of experimental advance and cross-bulk signs were developed and evaluated. Before and after studies were compared and an increased motorists awareness was noted at 6 sites. The increases in percentage of motorists observed applying brakes and increases in average spot speed reductions at the track, and the decrease in percentage of motorists responding to the question of slowing down, indicate a more pronounced slowing with experimental signs than with conventional signs.


: The scholarship of interdisciplinarity provides a potentially powerful response to anti-intellectual and anti-democratic impulses. It recognizes that proof and disproof are generally impossible, and that scientists can be biased in their evaluation of the evidence. Yet it proposes a set of strategies for transcending scholarly disputes in order to achieve more comprehensive understandings. Interdisciplinary scholarship also guides individuals to understand the perspectives of those we disagree with, and suspect that there is some kernel of truth in widely-held beliefs. Interdisciplinarians can urge a reasoned skepticism of both expert advice and democratic processes. We can potentially integrate across differences in values. If we can educate students in interdisciplinary attitudes and strategies – ideally in K-12 as well as in the university – we can prepare future generations for constructive and respectful discourse. Much of this article will focus on what we should teach our students and how we might change the academy to do so. However, the literature on interdisciplinarity also suggests some important institutional changes in the wider world. Citizens' fora – often recommend- ed in the literature on transdisciplinarity – would allow typical voters to evaluate the evidence relevant to particular public policy questions. The interdisciplinary literature asserts that one need not have disciplinary expertise to draw intelligently upon disciplinary insights, or to integrate across competing insights. Interdisciplinary online resources could attempt to synthesize competing points of view on contentious issues.


The effects of fedotozine (a new dimethyl propylamine derivative) on gastric motor inhibition and plasma cortisol increase induced by acoustic stress were investigated in fasted dogs fitted with strain‐gauge transducers on the antrum and proximal jejunum and an implanted jugular catheter. Stress was induced by 1 hour of music (≤90 dB) played through earphones. Starting 40 to 50 minutes after the last migrating motor complex (MMC), acoustic stress delayed by 131% the next gastric MMC, whereas intestinal motility was unaffected. Plasma cortisol increased (p < 0.05) by 516%, 30 minutes after the beginning of noise. The inhibition of gastric MMC as well as the hypercortisolemia induced by acoustic stress were reduced in a dose‐related manner or abolished by previous oral administration of fedotozine (0.1–1 mg/kg) but not by intravenous injection (0.1–0.5 mg/kg). The effect of fedotozine was abolished after previous intravenous treatment with MR 2266 (0.1 mg/kg). Only the motor effects were suppressed by naloxone (0.1 mg/kg i.v.), which induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in plasma level. Bilateral truncal vagotomy, which suppressed the effects of acoustic stress on gastric motility but not on plasma cortisol, suppressed the antagonistic influence of fedotozine on hypercortisolemia. We conclude that fedotozine administered orally reduces both stress‐induced gastric motor alterations and hypercortisolemia, probably by acting directly on K receptors present in the intestinal wall that activate vagal afferent fibers interacting, at the central nervous system level, with factors responsible for the gastric and endocrine alterations induced by stress.


This paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method for permanent magnet motors using a fast optimization algorithm, Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES), and deep learning. Multi-objective optimization with topology optimization is effective in the design of permanent magnet motors. Although CMA-ES needs fewer population size than genetic algorithm for single objective problems, this is not evident for multi-objective problems. For this reason, the proposed method generates training data by solving the single-objective optimization multiple times using CMA-ES, and constructs a deep neural network (NN) based on the data to predict performance from motor images at high speed. The deep NN is then used for fast solution of multi-objective optimization problems. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The main purpose of this research paper was to determine the influence of the wood moisture on the strength and elastic modulus of pine and fir wood specimens subjected to the 4-point bending tests. Six bending tests for each wood species and for two different moisture level have been performed. Then, the advanced statistical analysis of the results has been carried out. On the basis of the obtained results, it has been noted that growth of the wood moisture significantly affects the reduction of the tested strength and elastic modulus. It has been noticed that the values of the bending strength of the wet specimens (the wood moisture approximately 29%) decreased by more than 40% in relation to the dry specimens (the wood moisture approximately 10%).


Lithium silicate is an important sorbent to capture CO2. Herein, hollow microellipsoids of lithium silicate with mesoporosity were prepared by a hydrothermal method using Na-montmorillonite and lithium hydrate as raw materials. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope analysis show that the crystal phase of the products is composed of lithium silicate and the particle morphology of the sample is hollow microellipsoid at around 600 nm. Furthermore, the wall of the microellipsoid is constituted of mesopores and nanoparticles with a size range within 20 to 40 nm. The specific area and aperture of the samples measured by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method is 32.3 m2•g−1 and 17.1 nm, respectively. Finally, a formation mechanism of the hollow microellipsoid was proposed to guide further exploration.


This article discusses the key lessons that can be learned from a longitudinal study of the undergraduate experience of English-medium university education in Hong Kong. Data were derived from 137 semistructured interviews with 28 participants from different societal, educational and disciplinary backgrounds over three years. Each of the six rounds of interviews focused on a particular aspect of university life and study. The interviews revealed that the participants experienced an array of challenges when studying in English, including comprehending specialist vocabulary, understanding unfamiliar accents, grasping the purpose and structure of lectures, processing visual aids and planning major assignments. The article proposes a number of strategies to negate or mitigate these problems. The findings indicate that the major factor influencing student adjustment to higher education is their secondaryschool teaching medium: unlike their counterparts from Englishmedium backgrounds, students from Chinese-medium schools found the transition to university extremely taxing. The findings also suggest that content-area professors take little or no account of English skills when assessing students' assignments, which raises doubts as to whether university English courses serve any useful purpose at all.