A new optical sensing method is proposed to detect hydrocarbon oil in the sea. As a sensing methodology, a light absorption analysis is used with a laser source and two different types of photodiode sensors. To obtain information about the presence of oil on water and the thickness of oil, the intensity of the penetrating light through the oil–water mixtures is measured. In the experiment, bunker C and lubricating oil are used, and three different lasers having different wavelengths are applied and compared for the selection of an optimal light source. By using a photodiode sensor, we can convert the intensity of the penetrating light through a liquid into an electrical signal. As a result, it is observed that the intensity of the light on the optical sensor decreases with an increase in the oil thickness. Through this relation, both the presence of oil and the thickness of oil can be determined. This result shows the applicability of a hydrocarbon detection sensor. Keywords—Optical sensor, Hydrocarbon spill detection, Light absorption analysis, Blue laser, Photodiode


To determine the role of platelets in the genesis of renal transplant (T) rejection, the authors studied 3 groups of adult patients. Group I, n=8, had normal renal function (Cr=1 +- 0.1 mg%, Mean +- SD). Group II, n=9, had nephrotic syndrome (Cr=2.4 +- 1). Group III, n=7, consisted of 5 cadaveric (C) and 2 living related donor (LRD) T. In Group II, 1 patient had received a T 4 years prior to study. Group I and II received 448 +- 101 ..mu..Ci and Group III 236 +- 51 ..mu..Ci of Indium-111. In Groups I and II the first image was obtained 18 +- 6 hrs after injection. In Group II the first was obtained 6 +- 2 hr after injection and 1-3 times/day thereafter for a maximum of 7 days. Renal biopsies were obtained in all patients in Group III during imaging (n=5) or within 2 - 5 days of the last image. One patient was studied twice. In Group III, 5 patients received prednisone and azothiaprine and 2 prednisone and cyclosporine. Platelet uptake index (PUI) was calculated as the ratio of uptake over the T against a reference area. Rejection was diagnosed by biopsy. In groups I andmore » II platelet uptake was seen only in the T patient. In Group III the PUI was 1.54 +- .13 in the rejecting T (n=5), 1.42 +- .2 in the non-rejecting T (n=3), 1.62 in a LRD non-rejecting T and 1.31 (n=2) in C non-rejecting T. In the four patients studied within 5 days of T the PUI was elevated at 1.47 +- .1. The authors conclude that: 1) platelets do not accumulate in normal or nephrotic native kidneys, 2) significant uptake occurs in the first week after C and LRD whether or not rejection is present, and 3) uptake in non-rejecting kidneys cannot be ascribed to perfusion induced endothelial injury since it was present in LRD transplants.« less


We have investigated the decay statistics of triple systems with different masses in Newtonial dynamics. We demonstrate that in a broad interval of mass ratios this statistics has good approximation by power-law tails. The power indices do not show any significant dependence on mass ratios.


Parties to a conversation often talk about other people: friends, acquaintances, relatives, strangers, clients, public figures, and so forth. In so doing, they face a selectional problem: namely, of all the things that might be said of a person, how is something chosen for a particular conversation? The particular conversations forming the data for this study are transcribed plea negotiations from misdemeanor criminal cases, recorded among defense lawyers, district attorneys, and judges in a municipal court. Talk about defendants, identification of their biographies, and assessments of their characters are prominent features of these negotiations. Yet of the many things that could possibly be said regarding defendants' backgrounds, a relative few are utilized. That is, as Atkinson and Drew (1979: 248) put it, '...a description is in principle incomplete, and hence necessarily a selection from what could have been said'. This paper describes a principle that is exhibited in the work that lawyers do to relevantly talk about defendants in the cases before them. Before we address this issue directly, a number of matters must be examined. In the first section of the paper, the person-description 'format' is discussed as fundamental to how talk about persons is done in conversation. The second section examines the relation between persondescriptions and the topical and activity environments where they appear. By utilizing this analysis, we can, in the third section, return to the selectional problem and examine a more general problem in 'communicative competence' (Hymes 1974: 527): in the conduct and interpretation of any kind of spoken discourse (negotiational or other), how are the third parties described?


•  Introduction •  Histone Deacetylases ‐  Classification ‐  Histone‐dependent mode of action ‐  Non‐histone targets •  Cell cycle‐related histone and non‐histone substrates of histone deacetylases ‐  Retinoblastoma ‐  Protein 53 transcription factor ‐  Cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1 ‐  Proliferating cell nuclear antigen •  Inhibition of histone deacetylases in liver cells ‐  Physiological condition: effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on primary hepatocytes ‐  Pathophysiological condition ‐  Liver malignancy – hepatocellular carcinoma ‐  Liver fibrosis ‐  Histone deacetylase inhibitors as modulators of the hepatic stellate cell myofibroblastic phenotype ‐  The role of histone deacetylases in the regulation of pro‐fibrogenic and pro‐inflammatory cascades •  Conclusions


Based on the thermal performance test of precast concrete insulation sandwich wall, the finite element model of the wall is established to analyze the influence of insulation mortar layer thickness and insulation layer material on the insulation performance of the wall. The results show that with the increase of insulation layer thickness, the insulation performance of wall with insulation mortar and EPS as insulation layer can be improved to a certain extent. After EPS is used as insulation material, the insulation performance of the wall can be improved obviously.


Objective To make a ventricular tachcycardia animal model by injection of BaCl_2 on guinea pigs. Methods Abdomen-annesthetized guinea pigs were given 0.3%,0.5%,0.8% and 1.0% BaCl_2 through the leg vein.The appearance time,duration and kinds of arrhythmia were recorded. Results In the animal given different concentration BaCl_2 with same speed there was no statistical difference in the arrhythmia appearence time,but the arrythmic duration showed statistically significant difference between different concentrations pairwise. Conclusion Stable arrhythmia animal model can be mede by using guinea pigs,which can be used to study on triggered arrhythmia and develop the antiarrhythmia drugs.


Excerpt INTRODUCTION An increased occurrence of all types of contagious diseases may be anticipated incidental to the mobilization of large groups of men. During the year 1941, no cases of epidemic...


At the turn of the 20 th and 21 st century, it turned out that the social competences of teachers are as important as those that have so far been emphasized and described extensively, i.e. content-based, psycho-pedagogic and didactic-methodical competences. Nowadays, special attention is paid to the fact that a teacher who has mastered assertiveness, empathy, cooperation, ability to build au-thority, ease of communication or effective coping in stressful situations is properly prepared for work in the kindergarten and primary school. It is at the beginning of education that children and pupils should find such a teacher-guide in the world of education, which with their knowledge, skills and first of all personality will make them passionate to deepen their knowledge and im-prove their skills.


The EEC directives to prohibit some hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment put forward in RoSH standard and other specifications are presented.The requirements for the content of heavy metals and hazardous substances in the eco-type of PVC cable compound are proposed.The essentials of the study on formulation of eco-type of PVC cable compound and the relevant quality management system are presented.


University of Minnesota M.S. thesis.May 2017. Major: Land and Atmospheric Science. Advisor: Jessica Gutknecht. 1 computer file (PDF); vii, 108 pages.


BACKGROUND
Previous inconsistent results suggest that menstrual cycles may be disturbed by exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene (DDE).

METHODS
Information on menstrual cycle characteristics were obtained by questionnaires, and PCB and DDE were measured in serum samples from a total of 1494 women from Greenland, Swedish fishermen's wives, and inhabitants of Warsaw in Poland and Kharkiv in Ukraine.

RESULTS
No consistent effects of PCB and DDE exposure on menstrual cycle characteristics were observed across populations. Within populations, we observed increased risks of short cycles (< or =24 days) among Swedish fishermen's wives exposed to high levels of PCB [odds ratio (OR) 2.5, confidence interval (CI) 1.2-5.1], and increased risk of long cycles (> or =32 days) among Polish women exposed to high levels of DDE (OR 3.1, CI 1.1-8.6). However, in Greenland it seemed that high levels of PCB or DDE were protective against long menstrual cycles (OR 0.7 CI 0.5-0.96 and OR 0.7 CI 0.5-0.99, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
It is unlikely that exposure to PCB and DDE is a main cause of menstrual disturbances. Genetic differences or dietary factors may be involved in the non-homogenous associations of organochlorine exposure and menstrual cycle between countries.


A field experiment was conducted on vertisols of Agricultural Research Station, Amaravathi, Guntur dt, Andhra Pradesh during rabi of 2017-18 & 2018-19 to find out the influence of bio fertilizers and organic manures on growth and yield of chickpea. A desi variety JG-11 was grown in Rabi in Krishna zone. All six treatments were randomly allocated and replicated thrice in a randomized block design The results of the study indicates that even though soil pH, EC not significantly varied, significant variation in yield is attributed to the increased uptake of N and P. Application of bio fertilizers influenced the dry matter accumulation at all growth stages and yield of chickpea. Higher dry matter accumulation and yield of chickpea was recorded with 100 % RDF (20:50:0:40) followed by 50% RDF + email@example.com t ha-1 + Rhizobium + PSB @2kg ha-1 applied to chickpea during both the years of experimentation. Proliferation of microbial population was observed in organic manure treated plots.


BACKGROUND - Peripheral neuropathies are the most common neuromuscular disorder seen by neurologists. Nerve ultrasonography is a recently emerging tool for visualizing the structure, architecture and vascularity of peripheral nerves. OBJECTIVES - To study the Clinical correlation between Nerve conduction studies and Neurosonography in peripheral neuropathies. METHODOLOGY - All patients with peripheral neuropathy were included in the study from February 2016 to January 2018. RESULTS - The most common aetiologies for peripheral neuropathy were diabetes and leprosy. Nerve ultrasound showed corresponding changes in the above conditions. CONCLUSION – Nerve ultrasound is useful in peripheral neuropathy and can complement other diagnostic investigations.


Hydatid disease is most often encountered in the sheepand cattle-rearing areas of the world and has beenobserved most frequently in the Near and Middle East,South and North Africa, Australia and New Zealand.Hydatid cysts can occur in any organ system of thebody, whereas primary hepatic (75%) and lung (15–20%) localisation are the most frequent.


We report estimates of output growth for the National Health Service in England over the period 2003/4 to 2006/7. Our output index is virtually comprehensive, capturing as far as possible all the activities undertaken for NHS patients by both NHS and non-NHS providers across all care settings. We assess the quality of output by measuring the waiting times and survival status of every single patient treated in hospital, and we allow for improved disease management in primary care. We propose and apply a method that avoids the traditional requirement for consistent definition of output categories over time in construction of output indices. Use of our approach is critical: it would be not otherwise be possible to calculate output growth for the NHS over the years we consider in any meaningful way. After correcting for significant improvements in data collection in the early period, output growth for the NHS between 2003/4 to 2006/7 averages 5.1% per year, of which 1% is due to improvements in the quality of care.


Manufacturing has been changing from a mainly in-house effort to a distributed style in order to meet new challenges owing to globalization of markets and worldwide competition. Distributed simulation provides an attractive solution to construct cross enterprise simulations to evaluate the viability of the proposed distributed manufacturing enterprises. However, due to its complexity and high cost distributed simulation failed to gain a wide acceptance from industrial users. The main objective of this paper is to address these issues and present a new structured approach to implement distributed simulation with cost effective and easy to implementable tools. A simplified approach for model partitioning for distributed simulation is also included in the proposed approach. The implementation of distributed manufacturing simulation is illustrated with Arena, Microsoft Message Queue (MSMQ) and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA).


Chloroform in acetone or ethanol solvent was rapidly hydrolysed to carbon monoxide and formate by Amberlite XE-78 in the OH-form. Hydroxyl sites on the resin were converted into chloride. The apparent loss in capacity of the resin which occurs during the reaction cannot be wholly accounted for by production of formate. The most probable explanation for the phenomenon is the adsorption of carbon trichloride anions at resin sites. Carbon tetrachloride in ketonic solvents also gave carbon monoxide and formate in the presence of the OH-form of the resin, but in alcohol or ether solvent carbon dioxide and phosgene were formed.


Rationale: The social, emotional and physical demands of caring for a person with mental illness impact carers' occupational choice, personal identity, health, and wellbeing. Government policy recommends supporting carers to better support consumers. Understanding carers' needs is essential for adequate provision of services and advocacy. Objectives: The research aim was to explore what carers need to: Improve their health and wellbeing; Assist with their caring role; and Identify gaps in services and funding. The findings will guide service planning for one Victorian non-government organisation. Methods: The mixed methods research used purposive sampling. Data were gathered through questionnaire, four focus groups, nine telephone interviews, and written feedback. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse data and member checking confirmed themes. Results: Thirty carers contributed to the research. Between them, they cared for thirty-eight consumers over periods of time that varied from one to over forty years. Service gaps identified were grouped into two main themes: Improvements to the healthcare system; and Direct carer support. Major needs identified include: An integrated healthcare system providing smooth transition between services; Personalised continued service provision for consumers; and Comprehensive health support for carers. Findings were similar across both South Metropolitan and Gippsland regions. A higher frequency of issues with isolation, transport, and quantity of localised services were reported in Gippsland. Conclusion: Closing the identified gaps would enable carers to better care for consumers and themselves. This research shows that service gaps exist, and provides insight into how best carer support can be achieved.


This paper explores the importance of the N loss pathways relative to the immobilisation and soil mineral N supply during a cotton season. Despite using an agronomic practice of splitting urea application to reduce losses and an optimal rate (232kg urea-N ha–1) for the experiment, the average fertiliser recovery was 32%, which indicates that soil N mineralisation is a key source of N for irrigated cotton production systems. A large amount of the fertiliser (62kgNha–1) was immobilised in the soil at the end of the season and during the season the soil supplied 159kgNha–1 to the plant via mineralisation. During the season, large N losses occurred from the field via the atmospheric, deep drainage and surface run-off pathways (143kgNha–1). The losses occurred directly after fertilisation, predominantly at the start of the season when the majority of the urea fertiliser was applied (180kg urea-N ha–1). This indicates that the form, placement and timing of the fertiliser did not synchronise with soil and crop N dynamics and irrigation practice. Over the course of the measurement season, based on the N inputs, losses and storage budget, a 42kgNha–1 soil deficit was observed. Further longer term work is required to quantify the magnitude and significance of the soil N stock across different systems.


Vocabulary is a set of language words. Vocabulary is important in the process of developing student language. The more vocabulary the students master, the more he talks and writes. Teaching writing begins with writing letters, words and then sentences. Sometimes the mistake in word writing causes wrong meaning. Therefore, Arabic students must learn and understand it. This research was conducted at the Babun Najah boarding school where students learn vocabulary at the school. However, the researcher found mistake from students in vocabulary writing, such as installing letters on the word "مطعم " write "مضعم " dan"مطعام" and so forth. One of the main reasons for teaching problems is that the teacher does not apply interesting methods and media to teach vocabulary, especially in writing with correct hijaiyah letters. Therefore, the researcher wants to apply the Guide Teaching method with crosswords as a solution to this problem. The purpose of this study is to know the condition of students in the process of teaching implementation on the application of Guide Teaching methods with crossword puzzles and the effectiveness of both to improve students' ability to compile hijaiyah letters. This study uses the quasi-experiment method. The researcher took a sample of 19 students from the second grade (d) in one group at the Babun Najah boarding school and collected data in the form of observation and tests. To analyze data, researchers used a test code related to the t-test. The results showed that the application of the Guide Teaching method with crossword puzzles is a condition of good learning and teaching processes, which can influence the condition of class and student including the spirit of student in following the learning process, good attention to the learning materials, courage to ask, mutual cooperation and compact in completing the task group, so that the learning process will be more active and fun, and the use of Guide Teaching method with crossword puzzles is effective in improving students' ability to correctly compile hijaiyah letter in a word with the result of t counting more larger than t table, that is 2.567> 7.60 .


Blind signal detection is very important in various applications such as cognitive radio, spectrum surveillance, and eavesdropping. This gets trickier when one needs to deal with burst signals (as opposed to continuously transmitted signals) in non-cooperative environments. Here, existing methods for signal detection are studied and developed to use for burst detection. For the special case of downlink time division multiple access (TDMA) burst transmission, performances of these detection methods are improved by proposing a blind synchronisation algorithm which is applied to the output result of detection algorithms. The results of Monte-Carlo simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed detection and synchronisation algorithms.


Abstract Home health (HH) care utilization among Medicare beneficiaries has exploded, serving over 3.3 million users (The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, 2021). With the aging of the population and the preference for Home- and Community-Based Services and/or person-centered care delivered in the home, HH care use is expected to continue increasing. Prior research has highlighted inequitable access and use of HH rooted in structural and social determinants of health (Fashaw-Walters et al., 2022). However, more research is needed about disparities in timely access to quality of care and outcomes among racial and ethnic and rural populations. Furthermore, the literature regarding post-acute care has often excluded Puerto Rico HH beneficiaries (Rivera-Hernandez et al., 2020). Given the need to ensure equity of care post-pandemic, there is a pressing need to understand disparities in care and outcomes, specifically using representative data. This symposium will feature four presentations that provide novel insight regarding HH care utilization and outcomes among vulnerable populations. Individual presentations will describe 1) Home health care services utilization among Medicare beneficiaries in Puerto Rico; 2) Public reporting role in exacerbating disparities in access; 3) Differences in home healthcare latency following hospitalization for ADRD patients by race/ethnicity and rural and urban locations; 4) Racial disparity in the start of home healthcare in high-risk ADRD patients by the quality of home health and impact on rehospitalization. In addition, studies in this panel will discuss policy and clinical implications, as well as directions for future research regarding equitable access and health outcomes among HH users.


Semiconductor channels of organic field-effect transistors have been directly self-organized from a solution phase. The alkyl-modified surface was locally patterned by using a phenyl self-assembled monolayer (SAM) for the channels. Drop-cast small organic molecules were selectively crystallized on the phenyl SAM region. The self-organized process allows the simultaneous formation of polycrystalline transistor arrays from the patterned channels. The phenyl SAM under the channel is critical for the improvement of device stability. Further optimization of the deposition process realized direct growth of a single crystal channel from solution between prefabricated electrodes, and the single-crystal transistors exhibited excellent performance.


The article presents an interpretation of A dreambook for our time by Tadeusz Konwicki in the context of cultural studies of masculine identity. Referring to the research conducted by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, the author proves that ostentatious manifesting heterosexuality by the protagonists of Konwicki's novel is the result of inability to define their identity within the masculine paradigm based on the soldier ethos.


In order to identify the feasibility of aerobic denitrifying microbe that is applicated the in-situ remediation engineering in nitrogen polluted water bodies,we adopted the enrichment medium and the NO3-BTB streak plate method.This kind of microbe whose name is aerobic denitrifying bacterium DQ1 was selected from wetland in Daqing area.Through the biochemical and physiological measurement and the determination of 16S rRNA(login:JQ669957),it was identified as Pseudomonas putida.The strains were cultured in denitrification medium in 30 ℃ for static 30 hours.They consumed KNO3as the sole nitrogen source and used citric acid as sole carbon source.The total nitrogen(TN) was removed 91.9%.We didn't detect the accumulation of nitrous acid(NO2-—N) in the entire process.The initial nitrogen concentration of the strain was 1 930 mg/L.The citric acid,tartaric acid,anhydrous sodium potassium acetate,ethanol and glucose were the sole carbon source respectively.The total nitrogen removal rates were 97.4%,97.2%,and 97.6% respectively in 5 days.At the pH of 6.5,6.95,7.45,8.0,and 8.5,the removal rate were 93.71%,97.27%,97.59%,97.35%,and 96.85%respectively.At the pH of 7.45,the total nitrogen removal was the highest(97.59%).Within the range 20 to37 ℃,the total nitrogen removal rate were 98.03%,98.12%,98.23%,and 98.05% respectively in 5 days.


We report a quick and accurate gain-spectrum measurement technique for broadband (>10THz) Raman and parametric optical amplifiers. Using a depolarized broadband source we predict WDM signal gain experimentally for both single and diverse polarization schemes.


Total mercury was measured in the edible portions of 244 selected fish and shellfish purchased in Canada at the retail level. By species, average mercury concentrations ranged from 0.011 μg g−1 for oysters to 1.82 μg g−1 for swordfish. The predatory fish contained the highest concentrations of mercury: swordfish (mean 1.82 μg g−1, range 0.40–3.85 μg g−1), marlin (1.43, 0.34–3.19 μg g−1), shark (1.26, 0.087–2.73 μg g−1), and canned, fresh and frozen tuna (0.35, 0.020–2.12 μg g−1). Levels of mercury in the fresh and frozen tuna contained a mean of 0.93 μg g−1 (range 0.077–2.12 μg g−1) and were substantially higher than in the canned tuna (0.15, 0.02–0.59 μg g−1). In the canned tuna, mercury concentrations varied with subspecies, with the highest average concentrations being found in Albacore tuna (mean 0.26 μg g−1, range 0.19–0.38 μg g−1) and the lowest (0.047, 0.025–0.069 μg g−1) in five samples for which the subspecies of tuna were not identified. Mean concentrations of mercury in swordfish and fresh and frozen tuna were up to three times higher than reported for the USA. Dietary intake estimations found that provided fresh and frozen tuna, marlin, swordfish or shark are consumed once a month or less, the dietary intakes of total mercury by women of child-bearing age, averaged over 1 month, would fall below the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives provisional tolerable weekly intake for total mercury. The current Canadian advisory to children and women of child-bearing age is to limit their consumption of fresh and frozen tuna, swordfish and shark to no more than one meal per month.


Background — Pulmonary nodules (PN) are often incidentally detected during coronary CT angiography (CCTA) which is increasingly used to evaluate patients with chest pain symptoms. However, the efficiency of following up on incidentally detected PN is unknown. Methods and Results — We determined demographic and clinical characteristics of stable symptomatic patients referred for CCTA in whom incidentally detected PN warranted follow-up. A validated lung cancer simulation model was populated with data from these patients and clinical and economic consequences of follow-up per Fleischner guidelines versus no follow-up were simulated. Of the 3,665 patients referred to CCTA, 591 (16%) had PN requiring follow-up. Mean age of patients with PN was 59±10 years, 66% were male, 67% had ever smoked, and 21% had obstructive CAD. The projected overall lung cancer incidence was 5.8% in these patients, but the majority died from CAD (38%) and other causes (57%). Follow-up of PN was associated with a 4.6% relative reduction in cumulative lung cancer mortality (absolute mortality:FU: 4.33% vs. non-FU: 4.54%), more downstream testing (FU: 2.34 CTs/patient vs. non-FU: 1.01 CTs/patient), and an average increase of quality-adjusted life of seven days. Costs per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained were $154,700 to follow-up the entire cohort and $129,800/QALY when only smokers were included. Conclusions — Follow-up of PN incidentally detected in patients undergoing CCTA for chest pain evaluation is associated with a small reduction in lung cancer mortality. However, significant downstream testing contributes to limited efficiency as demonstrated by a high cost per QALY, especially in non-smokers.


Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a significant cause of degradation of piping and heat transfer surfaces in cooling water systems. The interaction between the metabolic processes of microorganisms attached to metallic surfaces and corrosion processes can lead to localized corrosion and rapid penetration of piping and heat exchanger tubes. On-line Monitoring of biofilm formation on Metallic Surfaces is a key both for automatic control equipment and for system operators so that mitigation activities can be initiated well before the structural integrity of piping or components is jeopardized. In addition, tracking of biofilm activity on line provides feedback useful for evaluating the effectiveness of biocide additions and optimizing the concentrations and addition schedules of biocides and other control chemicals. A probe has been developed to provide a method for determining the onset of biofilm formation on metal surfaces and tracking biofilm activity on line in a power plant or industrial environment; in fresh water and seawater environments. Experience with the system in a variety of water chemistries, and system responses to biofilm growth and subsequent destruction by biocide additions are described.


Nisin is a 34 amino acid peptide antibiotic having a molecular weight of about 3,340, produced and exported into culture medium by some strains of Lactococcus lactis. It is used as a food preservative for its high potency against certain gram-positive bacteria. The structural genes of nisin have been found and sequenced from several nisin-producing strains, which revealed the existence of 23 residue leader peptide and confirmed posttranslational processing of this substance. Recently a newly found strain of L, lactis, JCM7638 (previous I0-1), was reported to secrete a new peptide antibiotic having a molecular weight of about 2,700 and a spectrum of action similar to nisin. Several chemical analyses showed that it is quite similar to nisin. In this paper, we have ascertained the resistance of JCM7638 to nisin, showed the existence of the gene which is highly homologous to the structural gene of nisin in a nisin-producing strain, L. lactis NCD0497, and cloned a 1.7 kb Sau 3AI fragment encoding this gene. Sequence analysis proved that the deduced product differs from nisin by a single amino acid substitution (His27-->Asn27), which strongly suggested that JCM7638 secretes degraded nisin and that His27 is not essential to its antibiotic activity.


Objective To illustrate the development of vesicular phospholipid gels.Methods Thirteen relevant literatures were analyzed and summarized.Results The definition,forming mechanism,preparation methods and pharmaceutical applications of VPG were reviewed.Conclusions As a new drug delivery system,VPG is advantageous in controlling drug release,enhancing the activity of anti-tumor drugs and improving the long term stability.


It is investigated to predict heat transfer and to visualize air flows around a cylinder and a single row of cylinders. Direct numerical simulation of Boussinesq approximated NavierStokes equation is carried, and upwind finite defference method with third order accuracy is used. Generalized cordinate system is adopted to give flexibility on treating objects to calculate.The results of calculations are visualized on a computer graphic display and made into animations. The results are successfully coincident with experiments, and some visualizations of the air flows are shown in this report.


Electromagnetic energy propagating in a rectangular waveguide and incident upon a randomly perturbed segment is considered. Frequency and the guide dimensions are assumed such that only the dominant $H_{10} $ mode can propagate, with the $H_{20} $ mode being the least attenuated evanescent mode. A two-mode ($H_{10} $ and $H_{20} $) model is adopted. The input reflection factor for the propagating $H_{10} $ mode is determined in the asymptotic diffusion limit of weak random perturbations and a long perturbed guide segment.Both forward and backward waves are accounted for in the analysis. We find that random coupling to the evanescent $H_{20} $ mode does not affect the asymptotic statistics of the $H_{10} $ reflection coefficient modulus. In the presence of lossy permittivity perturbations, the probability density function of this modulus approaches a nontrivial limit as the perturbed guide length becomes infinite while for random permeability fluctuations, such a nontrivial limit exists in the lossless cas...


In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for daily health management such as monitoring the health status of the elderly. This paper proposes a contactless measurement to relax the sense of restraint in contact measurement and the troublesomeness of maintenance. This paper proposed a millimeter-wave radio based contactless measurement method that can acquire very small movements of the body surface due to breathing and heartbeat. However, contactless methods of breathing and heartbeat rates are suffered from the harmful influence of the random body movement and the phase noise of local oscillators. To cope with this problems, a robust signal processing method to use inherent cyclostationarity of breathing and heartbeat was developed, and evaluated via computer simulations.


With the continuous development of the Internet and information technology, data has penetrated into every area of today's industry and business functions. Now, data has been already one of the most valuable assets in the Internet and a core element of a company's competitiveness. There seems to have endless data on the Internet, then most of it cannot create value. When we face data mining, wo need to complete a lot of data cleaning tasks. Nowadays, the rapid development of machine learning, especially the deep of learning, has made excellent achievements in natural language processing and image recognition. The paper combines multiple strong learning machine to complete the data learning tasks and image recognition based on ensemble learning, thereby reduce the pressure on the server storage and investment of resource.


In this paper, we discuss algebraic, combinatorial and topological properties of singular virtual braids. On the algebraic side, we state the relations between classical and singular virtual objects, in addition we discuss a Birman-like conjecture for the virtual case. On the topological and combinatorial side, we prove that there is a bijection between singular abstract braids, singular horizontal Gauss diagrams up to a certain equivalence relation, and singular virtual braids, in particular using singular horizontal Gauss diagrams we obtain a presentation of the singular pure virtual braid monoid.


A new type of kinetic façade system is presented which was inspired by flexible deformation principles found in plant movements. The project is a role model for a novel application of glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) for deployable structures as well as for advanced biomimetic research and design.


10 cases of anomalous position of the great vessels are reported. They include 8 cases of d-transpositions, 1 of 1-transposition and 1 anatomically corrected malposition. These cases have in common the combination of a ventricular septal defect with a pulmonary stenosis. The anatomical study (6 of 10 cases) made it possible to describe the type of the VSD (related to a defect of development and/or alinement of parietal on the septal band) and of the pulmonary pathway stenosis. Blalock's anastomosis has made it possible to obtain an improvement in 6 patients. 4 operations of complete cure were undertaken in d-transpositions: 2 Mustard's operations ending in death. 2 operations according to Rastelli's principles with one death and one good result. The case of anatomically corrected malposition died after an attempt at complete cure, in view of a left ventricular hypoplasia. The indication for the type of complete cure was discussed in relation with the anatomical data.


We present a new approach for if-anonymity protection in Location-Based Services (LBSs). Specifically, we depersonalize location information by ensuring that each location reported for LBSs is a cloaking area that contains K different footprints-historical locations of different mobile nodes. Therefore, the exact identity and location of the service requestor remain anonymous from LBS service providers. Existing techniques, on the other hand, compute the cloaking area using current locations of K neighboring hosts of the service requestor. Because of this difference, our approach significantly reduces the cloaking area, which in turn decreases query processing and communication overhead for returning query results to the requesting host. In addition, existing techniques also require frequent location updates from all nodes, regardless of whether or not these nodes are requesting LBSs. Most importantly, our approach is the first practical solution that provides K-anonymity trajectory protection needed to ensure anonymity when a mobile host requests LBSs continuously as it moves. Our solution depersonalizes a user's trajectory (a time-series of the user's locations) based on the historical trajectories of other users. We evaluate our techniques under various conditions using location data synthetically generated based on real road maps. The results show that our techniques can provide K-anonymity trajectory protection using a minimized cloaking area.


A theory for the strain‐amplitude‐independent damping due to electrically charged dislocations oscillating within their surrounding charge clouds and for the strain‐amplitude‐dependent damping caused by the dislocations ``breaking away'' from their charge clouds is discussed. Damping experiments on single crystals of KCl [〈100〉, 〈111〉, and 〈110〉 orientations] at temperatures of 450° to 760°C, frequencies ranging from 40 to 200 kc/sec, and strain amplitudes from 2.1×10−8 to 1.7×10−4 are reported. The damping φ in the amplitude‐independent region could be represented by [open phi]=[open phi]0 exp−(Eeff/kT), where Eeff is frequency‐dependent and orientation‐independent. At 750°C the amplitude‐independent damping rose extremely rapidly with temperature; this rise is attributed to approaching the intrinsic isoelectric temperature. Amplitude dependence was found above a strain amplitude of 3×10−6 and the damping at high strain amplitudes was observed to decrease with time. The strain amplitude at which amplitud...


The past decade has seen the emergence of new drugs of abuse in the United States. Most of these are variations of well-known illicit stimulants, hallucinogens, and depressants, 1 some are the products of drug mechanisms engineered for therapeutic benefit, and others have become available to U.S. consumers because of globalization. Two of the drugs routinely seen by the U.S. medical community are synthetic cannabinoids, which are found in


The general purpose of this thesis is to establish capability and accuracy of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in assessing left atrial (LA), left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) ...


Spontaneous spatial patterns occur in nonlinear systems with spatial coupling, e.g., through diffraction or diffusion. Strong enough nonlinearity can induce breaking of spatial symmetry, such that a pattern becomes more stable than the original featureless state. Instances discussed are in nonlinear optics, but the phenomenons have a universal character and are the basis of spatial differentiation in nature, from crystals to clouds, from giraffe coats to galaxies. The basic theory and phenomenons of pattern formation are reviewed, with examples from experiments and simulations (mainly from optics). Patterns usually consist of repeated units, and such units may exist in isolation as localized structures. Such structures are akin to spatial solitons and are potentially useful in image and∕or information processing. The nature and properties of such structures are discussed and illustrated.


In this article, the authors report on a 3-year professional development research project. The project focused in general on early mathematics teaching and learning in urban schools and in particular on promoting teachers' awareness of the importance of making connections between students' out-of-school experiences to promote deep understanding of K–2 school mathematics. Children cross into school spaces bringing with them a wide variety of out-of-school experiences; this is especially true in the early elementary grades when they have spent more of their lives out of school than in school. Effective teaching at this level requires that teachers put forth concerted efforts to make connections between these out-of-school experiences and formal curricular content. The authors present the strategies that participating teachers (n = 49) employed in their attempts to make such connections as well as implications for future professional development research.


(57) Abstract: As used electrochemical cell 1 in order to facilitate the hydration of the solid film 8 screen / frame integral assembly. Screen / frame assembly comprises a plurality of planar screen layer 75 having a frame 70. Frame is disposed surrounding the outer periphery of each screen layer so as to adhere the screen layer.


Introduction: ANB angle is the most commonly used measurement for assessing sagittal jaw discrepancy, however various new measurements have been introduced recently to overcome some inherent deficiencies associated with ANB angle, so it becomes necessary to compare their reliability and predictability with routinely used methods like ANB angle. Aims and objectives: To assess the reliability and comparison of ANB angle over other newly introduced linear cum angular skeletal and occlusal cephalometric parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 lateral cephalograms of class I, class II, class III subjects were selected and traced as per inclusion criteria. ANB angle was measured and compared with other methods and reliability was checked and comparisons were made in each class. Results: The results showed that there was statistically significant and highly correlated relationship between ANB angle and other parameters used in the study for assessment of sagittal jaw relationship. The angular measurements with most homogenous distribution in the group were FABA angle (CV=5.1) followed by YEN, W-angle, and BETA angle, AF-BF, AXB and ANB angle. In linear measurements, most homogenously distributed was APP-BPP distance (CV=101.9) and measurements with least homogenous distribution was the Wits Appraisal (CV=-1142.9). Conclusion: ANB angle is the most commonly used parameter for assessing sagittal dysplasia, however ANB angle is affected by several environmental factors and thus a diagnosis based on this angle may give false results. No single measurement is perfect in all the cases. Therefore a number of different measurements should be used in combination to diagnose the actual sagittal skeletal discrepancy.


Internet of Things (IoT) enables the development of several applications to create a "smart city" with enhanced safety, comfort, and, ultimately, quality of life. IoT possessing heavy data and need storage capacity due to implementation of heavy data applications processing. The affects cloud cause to unreliable latency and lack of storage support and also location awareness problems. Cloud is a distributing computing platform where cloud users connecting and accessing information anytime and from anywhere. As per load on cloud, the users delay in accessing web page loading from internet. Because of complexity of latency when accessing the internet. There are three reasons at first, cloud centers are situated far away from cloud users and second, latency occurs heavy workload by distributed access by cloud users. Third, cloud is executing on various virtual machines for heterogeneous work load. The introduction of Fog computing reduces the time it takes to access apps and reduces cloud latency. As a result, IoT apps can better respond to requests and provide better services. This study proposes a Survey on Task offloading of Fog Computing to reduce latency, maximize computation, storage capacity, and network bandwidth by utilizing nature inspired computing (NIC) methods. The objective this paper is effectively balancing of IoT applications load over fog nodes to minimize response time, minimize communication cost by applying NIC algorithms. This research intends to give a thorough literature assessment on offloading activities in IoT applications for smart city of fog computing using NIC methods.


There is a close link between operations strategies and firm performance. Thus, it is paramount to find out what competitive priorities are adhered to by small and medium enterprises when it comes to operational decision making. The sample is drawn from 244 manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operational in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Consistent with the research objective, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is employed to reveal the preference of SMEs in adopting competitive priorities. The results show that the most preferred competitive priority is cost followed by quality and flexibility with delivery priority the least sought-after operations strategy. The paper adds value to a finer and richer understanding of operations strategies in SMEs context and provides insights to practitioners and managers to effectively enhance their firm performance by pursuing right operations strategies.


Topological insulators (TI) have generated much interest, and have had critical acclaim in recent years. These exciting surface properties has inspired a search for new like-materials. They possess 2D Dirac fermions and distinct topology. There are several new compounds that have been predicted to be topological insulators both in the intermetallic and oxide families. To study the structural and electronic properties of the new materials, high quality single crystals are needed.


Section 1: Overview 1. Intellectual Foundations of Entrepreneurship 2. Unfinished Business (Entrepreneurship) of the 20th Century 3. Entrepreneurship Through the Ages 4. Science and Practice of New Business Ventures: Wealth Creation and Prosperity Through Entrepreneurship Growth and Renewal 5. Emerging Patterns of Entrepreneurship: Distinguishing Attributes of an Evolving Discipline Section 2: Entrepreneurial Processes 6. Opportunity Recognition 7. The Emergence of Entrepreneurial Marketing: Nature and Meaning 8. Bootstrap Finance 9. Entrepreneurial Growth: Predictors and Indicators 10. Entrepreneurial Failures: Key Challenges and Future Directions Section 3: Technology and Entrepreneurship 11. Electronic Commerce: Current Understanding and Unanswered Questions 12. The Impact of Mobile Commerce on Small Business and Entrepreneurship 13. e-Commerce Entrepreneurship: Emerging Practices, Key Challenges and Future Directions Section 4: Social Entrepreneurship 14. Developing Communities, People and Businesses: In Search of a Model of Community-based Enterprises 15. Wealth Creation in Distressed Inner Cities: What Can Business Schools Contribute? Section 5. Entrepreneurship Types 16. Women Entrepreneurs in the New Millennium: Recent Progress and Future Directions for Research, Entrepreneurship Development and Teaching 17. Serial Entrepreneurship: An In-Depth Look at the Phenomenon of Habitual Entrepreneurs 18. Immigrant and Ethnic Entrepreneurship: A U.S. Perspective Section 6: Entrepreneurship Education 19. Innovations in Entrepreneurship Education: Strategy and Tactics for Joining the Ranks of Innovative Entrepreneurship Programs in Higher Education 20. Entrepreneurship Education: Market Segmentation and Lerner Needs


With the increasing demand for ocean exploration and development, the research about the amphibious robot is of great significance. In this paper, a natatores-like amphibious robot was designed by using the driving method of paddling by webbed foot. This mode has the advantages of high propulsion efficiency, good mobility and good stability. Due to the characteristics of this propulsion mode, the leg structure of the robot is often applied with periodic loads. And therefore it is necessary to verify the mechanical performance of the leg structure. The elastoplastic finite element model of the leg structure of the robot was modelled, and the fatigue analysis of the model under the walking gait were carried out. The results showed that the fatigue failure of the thigh and the shank would not occur within the design life, which met the design requirements. The analysis results can provide reference for the material selection and structural optimization design of leg in the subsequent work.


Objective To explore the distribution of clinical samples and drug resistance of Enterococcus gallinarum(EG).Methods EG was detected by ATB automatic microbiology analyzer during January of 2009 to September of 2011.The distribution of clinical samples and drug resistance of EG were studied and analyzed.Results The main samples of 23 strains of EG were urine and sputa.The bacteria showed high resistance to penicillin G,oxacillin and clindamycin(95%),resistance to erythromycin,rifampin,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,tobramycin,amikacin,fusidic acid and tetracycline(70%),and they were highly susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,teicoplanin and linezolid(13.3%) and susceptible to vancomycin(23.3%)and quinupristin-dalfopristin(36.7%).Conclusion The infected samples in patients were mainly urine and sputa.This kind of bacteria showed high drug-resistance to penicillin G,oxacillin and clindamycin,and high susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,teicoplanin and linezolid.


Major uses Epinephrine is a natural catecholamine, derived from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. It was described in 1895, and first artificially synthesized in 1904. It is used in the management of anaphylactic reactions and cardiac resuscitation. It is also used for treatment of asthma and glaucoma, in surgical procedures on nose, throat and larynx; in immunotherapy (e. g. treatment of allergy); as well as for treatment of some other health conditions [1, 2].


In this paper,a IP network Tunnel video monitor systems used for highway is designed,which has automatic video switching,video recording,slow speed alert and traffic flow Statistics and other functions.This video monitor system is based on TCP/IP protocol and.NET platform.The logic structure of this system is not only simplified the link of each monitor systems,but also facilitate the development of system software.


one can see Eq. (3) is not very simple but it is used a few times for each image and so computing time are not signiicantly changed. Another problem is that now epipolar lines are no more parallel; anyway, if theta is small, one can suppose them to be still parallel and so performing the matching in the way seen before. All of this leads to a decay in distance precision, but this decay is almost always not signiicant (10 % of error on segmentation, 10 % of error on matching and 5 % of error on distance measurement). ACKNOWLEDGMWNT The research project described here is sponsored by the Special Project on Robotics of the CNR. In the AGROBOT Project are also involved: Aitek s. 1991. "Vision Based Operations in Greenhouses", 2nd IARP Workshop on "Robotics in Agriculture and the Food Industry", Genova, Italy.


-During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic, all the schools in China were suspended under the requirement from the Ministry of Education of China, and then the online education were spreading all over China. This research is aimed to analyze the utility of online education in China during this time-sensitive situation in light of constructivism learning theory, try to find out the pros and cons of online education and then estimate the development of online education in the future.


In this issue of Transplantation, van Hellemond et al. reviewed their experience at Erasmus Medical Center in The Netherlands of the 582 heart transplant recipients transplanted between the inception of the program in 1986 and 2011 (1). With a median follow-up of 8.3 years, the authors demonstrate that Toxoplasma-seronegative recipients had mortality rate of 35% compared with 65% for Toxoplasmaseropositive recipients. However, the Toxoplasma-seropositive recipients were older and had a higher frequency of pretransplantation ischemic heart disease, prior sternotomy, diabetes, cyclosporine use, and renal insufficiency at baseline and 1 year after transplantation and a lower frequency of pravastatin use. As all these clinical factors are associated with increased mortality after transplantation (2), it would seem that the relationship between Toxoplasma seropositivity and mortality was confounded by these variables. In fact, the authors clearly demonstrate this, as Toxoplasma serostatus is not associated with mortality after adjusting for these clinical variables. The value of this study is that it provides the largest experience to date on the impact of Toxoplasma serostatus and mortality after heart transplantation. This study also provides a powerful reminder of the risk of nonrandomized analyses, where small differences in baseline characteristics can have a large impact on the conclusions. In this study, the Toxoplasma-seropositive recipients just happened to be more likely to exhibit numerous factors associated with increased mortality, and after controlling for these confounders, the relationship between Toxoplasma seropositivity and mortality vanished. However, this is not the end of the story. Two prior studies also examined the relationship between Toxoplasma serostatus and mortality after heart transplantation and reached two different conclusions. In 2007, Arora et al. published their experience in 288 heart transplant recipients transplanted between 1994 and 2005 at the University of Norway (3). With a median of 5.5 years of follow-up, the authors noted that Toxoplasma seropositivity was associated with increased mortality even after adjustment for potential confounders including age, hypertension, smoking status, and serum creatinine. This is in stark contrast to the results of a study by Doesch et al. in 2010, in which 344 heart transplant recipients transplanted between 1989 and 2008 at the University of Heidelberg in Germany were examined (4). With a median of 5.7 years of follow-up, the authors noted that Toxoplasma seronegativity was associated with increased mortality even after adjustment for potential confounders including age, serum creatinine, cytomegalovirus serostatus, diabetes, ischemic time, azathioprine versus mycophenolate mofetil immunosuppression, and number of treated rejection episodes. Three different observational analyses at three different heart transplant centers have reached three different conclusions about the impact of Toxoplasma serostatus on mortality. For clinicians who care for heart transplant recipients, how to interpret the results of these studies is not clear. Certainly, one would assume that the larger the study and the longer the follow-up, the more valid the results. This would suggest that the study by van Hellemond et al. offers the greatest validity. In addition, the noneffects of a Toxoplasma-positive donor into a negative recipient on survival in all three studies might suggest that Toxoplasma serostatus is indeed not a factor in outcome. However, the studies by Arora et al. and Doesch et al. were also well designed and included multivariate analyses to remove the effect of potential confounders. So what lesson can be learned from these analyses? It appears that we cannot say definitively that Toxoplasma serostatus is, or is not, associated with mortality after heart transplantation. Such a question cannot be answered by a randomized controlled trial. One can hope for collaboration, as multicenter observational studies may provide greater insight into the relationship between Toxoplasma serostatus and mortality. Until then, the clinician is left with his most valuable tools, judgment, and experience.


Exploring highly active and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution
reaction is important for the development of water splitting and
rechargeable metal-air batteries. Herein, a hybrid electrocatalyst of
CoFe alloy and CoxN heterojunction encapsulated and embedded in N-doped
carbon support (CoFe-CoxN@NC) was in situ coupling via a pyrolysis
process of a novel coordination polymer from lignin biomacromolecule.
CoFe-CoxN@NC exhibited an excellent OER activity with a low
overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA•cm−2 and stability with increment of 20
mV, comparable to commercial Ir/C. DFT calculations revealed that CoxN
and N-doped grapheme encapsulation can reduce the binding strength
between *O and CoFe alloy, prevent metals leaching and agglomeration,
and improve electron transfer efficiency, thereby, remarkably enhancing
the OER activity and stability. In situ coupling strategy of alloy and
nitride heterojunction on N-doped lignin-derived carbon provided a
promising and universal catalyst design for the development of renewable
energy conversion technologies.


Ethiopia being the center of origin and genetic diversity of Arabica coffee is lucky in this regard. Despite the existence of high genetic diversity in coffee population that provides immense opportunities for improvement program, shortage of improved hybrid varieties is the major one. It is obvious that research work carried out so far on coffee genetics and breeding was not adequate to address these diverse agro-ecologies of the country. Hybridization study through heterosis and combining ability analysis are some of the basic breeding tools to address such problems. Some studies had been conducted on assessment of heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and morphological characters of coffee in Ethiopia and the presence of heterosis was reported in crosses of selected indigenous C. arabica L. varieties in Ethiopia under different set of studies mainly due to presence of diverse parental lines. These results clearly suggested that the possibility to bring significant coffee improvement through heterosis and combining ability analysis. Therefore, continuous crossing program should be required to acquire many more cross combinations for intensive and extensive evaluation to develop better performing and high yielding hybrids for Ethiopian origin coffee. Keywords: Coffee Arabica, Hybrid, Heterosis and combining ability DOI : 10.7176/FSQM/92-03 Publication date: December 31 st 2019


For the purpose of promoting the utilization of venison as a functional food, we investigated the carnitine content in cooked venison. The present work aimed to quantitate free carnitine and acylcarnitine in cooked venison using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [LC-MS/MS]. As a result of heat treatment, hydrophilic L carnitine showed a tendency to decrease, and hydrophobic acylcarnitine showed a tendency to increase, except under frying. However, only the acetylcarnitine showed a tendency to decrease because it is a low molecular weight compound that is connected to a two-carbon fatty acid. We propose that steaming is the most effective of the heat treatment methods tested in the present work for promoting the utilization of venison as a functional food.


Objective:To explore the trend of preterm infant diseases in the past 10 years.Methods:The clinical data of 801 hospitalized preterm infants from 1997 to 2006 were reviewed.The patients were divided into groupⅠ(1st 5 years)and groupⅡ(2nd 5 years).Results:The preterm infants in groupⅡ had a higher hospitalized rate than groupⅠ(P0.05),and there was an obvious increase of preterm infants of low gestational age and low birth weight in groupⅡ.The fatality rate in groupⅡwas obviously lower compared with that of group Ⅰ(P0.01);the occurrence of asphyxia,sepsis and scleredema decreased in groupⅡ(P0.05)and the mortality of hyaline membrane disease declined significantly.Conclusions:The hospitalized rate of preterm infants is elevated,especially the preterm infants of low gestational age and low birth weight,and the total morbidity declined.Early intervention should be emphasized for common diseases such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,pneumonia,jaundice and so on.Management for the infants with extremely low-birth-weight should be strengthened.


The grces anatorrty of tI?e artetries of the hind-liml>of che fivwl was clescrihed andillu, stra, Lecl. The chief arteries of the hind-lirrnb were A. isehi-a, diea and A. iiiaca externawhich supjolted only the anterior jparC of the erural region.Sorrzc arteries were marred newly "lay the author, based can his OWII observation, andtb-e others vvere mainly irt accord, :nce witn the nornenclacures (given by KAUPP", GRZI.P.4EK", KOI, DA and K0lN4ARBK" 1116 I


The wet limestone flue gas desulfurization process, and more specifically absorption of SO2 limestone suspensions, was studied. Experiments of SO2 absorption were carried out using a bubbling reactor with a mixture of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen in the gas phase and an aqueous limestone suspension in the liquid phase. The SO2 absorption rate was measured at different compositions of both gas and liquid phases and at different gas flow rates and agitator speeds. A model based on the film theory was proposed to describe liquid-side mass transfer. It was assumed that the liquid-phase diffusional resistance is concentrated in a layer, the thickness of which depends on fluid dynamics, but is independent of the nature of the reactions taking place. The equations considered by the model describe conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium as well as material and electrical balances and use the experimentally determined gas- and liquid-side mass-transfer coefficients, rather than empirical parameters. Model calculati...


Explicit expressions of polarizability and hyperpolarizability are formulated by a path integral method in terms of the generalized coherent states of the Thouless parametrization. A novel scheme is shown for calculating the molecular properties including total energy, and the Monte Carlo method using the metropolis algorithm is utilized for performing the actual calculations. As a simple example, the hydrogen molecule is examined to demonstrate performances of the present scheme. We . discuss improvement of the accuracy of the hyper polarizabilities depending on the number of the division for the partition function and also the behaviors of the .hyper polarizability for the external magnetic field. We compare the present results with those obtained by the conventional molecular orbital theory. Q 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 65: 697)707, 1997


The recent article by Owino ( Psychiatric Bulletin , July 2007, 31 , 241–243) highlights that community treatment orders are not greatly different from the current provisions of section 17 leave. I believe that the evidence base and economic impact of the new orders require further consideration


How to select and quantitate the corresponding factors is one of the important conten - ts to evaluate the waterfront resources of the Yangtze River.The factors in this study include riverbank stability,water-front depth,water-front breadth and water-behind land width.With the help of GIS,overlapping and grid technique are used to quantitate and analyze the water-front depth,water-front breadth and the water-behind land width.And the paper discusses the process on how to acquire all the above - mentioned parameters by applying the correlative technique in detail.In order to find out and quantitate the factors affecting the bank stability,the fractal theory is applied to compute the fractal dimensions of riverbank and islands of the Yangtze River,and on the basis of the mentioned above,multi-temporal satellite imageries and other factors are used to estimate the local bank stability.The integrative evaluation units are acquired from overlapping each of the mentioned evaluation units.Finally,the integrative evaluation is done on the basis of the evaluation units.


Tension is rising between China and the United States and the rivalry has reached Africa, with the two countries trading accusations over both espionage and the alleged use of Chinese lasers against two U.S. pilots in Djibouti as early as 2018. (1) Yet the primary nature of the two countries' growing competition in the Horn of Africa is non-military and American-Chinese competition in the region will not mirror the old Soviet-U.S. rivalry during the Cold War. There are several reasons for this, which this article explores. Firstly, China is integrated and committed to the global economic system and market mechanisms, unlike the old Soviet Union, and can and is using these mechanisms to gain influence rather than relying on naked military force. In the Horn this means that China can use both Chinese state and private actor investments, floating potential access to the Chinese market, and debt through development loans as tools to wield power and influence in the Horn and Africa more broadly. Many African states have a strong interest in gaining access to the large Chinese market and/or are dependent on Chinese goods, enhancing Chinese power on the continent. Outside the Horn, we have seen a Chinese will to use trade embargos and blockades to punish countries that do something China does not like, as when Australia angered their Chinese counterparts by publicly calling for an investigation into the origins of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. (2) In the Horn so far, China has not used economic pressure overly much vis-à-vis regional countries, save in cases of little importance for local powers. Rather, China has reserved the economic pressure option as a potential tool for power, a tool which can – but has not yet – been wielded to achieve state goals. Secondly, China does not have the alliance system that the U.S. today has. China, while being generous with loans and economic assistance, lacks the extensive security cooperation that the U.S. has invested in establishing around the world, including in Africa broadly and in the Horn specifically. Chinese military assistance and weapons exports, with some notable exceptions in Ethiopia and Sudan, have little strategical Dragon Rising? Evaluating Chinese Power in the Horn of Africa


Acoustic attenuation theory with coefficients obtained by experiment has been used to calculate losses from long range propagation along various paths in a standard atmosphere. Frequency dependence of attenuation has been incorporated into Fourier series approximations of positive phase waves from explosions to obtain net attenuations in terms of explosion yield and burst altitude. For some applications this incorporation improves on estimations from assumption of a single frequency of input. Attenuation results are presented for small 0.45-kg grenades burst at 30- to 90-km altitudes and for ton and kiloton explosives burst near the ground with waves propagated to 50-km altitudes and back to the ground near 200-km ranges.


Bangeujin was the typical migrant fishing village built by the Japanese from the end of Daehan Emperor through the Japanese Imperialism. People dwelled in Bangeujin as a free migrant fishing village at first, then a supplementary migrant fishing village affected it. At last it turned out to be developed as a free migrant fishing village. The fishing resources was the most factor to influence and change Bangeujin to the free migrant one. It was from 1900s to the early 1910s that in Bangeujin had there been the golden age of scombers and, from the middle of 1910s to the middle 1920s that so had been of mackerel. However, Those Bangeujin's best days was to drop the curtain as the capitalistic fishery developed, such as the motorization of fisher boats, the enterprising of fishery and the inshore fishing representing the purse-seine boats for scomber fishing. While it happened, the fish carrier on behalf of Nakabe Ikujiro based on their fishing industry in Bangeujin and was grown into the massive fishery capitalist. In the process of Bangeujiri's development as a migrant fishing village, two people, Aida Eikichi and Nakabe Ikujiro played a very main part. Additionally Nakabe Ikujiro made Bangeujin as his own Hayashikane Fishery Company's small town. And also this resulted in the construction of Bangeujin s breakwater. In the meantime, the Koreans, Chosun people, as they was called, working at the fishery, moved and moved again into Bangeujin as it turned to be the colonial developed fishing port. During that modern upheaval by Japanese people the changes of community power was provoked by the social and economic centralization of Bangeujin, such as the myoen office's movement, the movement of public elementary schools governed by the Japanese, the election of a myoen council members as a colonial indirect organization, the fishery association's movement to Bangeujin and the regulation by the government-appointed trustee. That is to say, the traditional central area had gone downhill and a colonial migrant fishery village was substituted by the Japanese as a center of the community.


Disclosed is a train temporary speed restriction control system which comprises an on-train device(1), a train proximity transducer(3), a ground speed restriction instruction transmitting device(4), a ground speed restriction indicator board(5)and a portable monitoring terminal(6). A wireless data transceiver(9)is arranged inside the on-train device(1); the ground speed restriction instruction transmitting device(4) is respectively connected with the wireless data transceiver(9) and the portable monitoring terminal(6) through wireless signals; and the portable monitoring terminal(9)is connected with the wireless data transceiver(9) through wireless signals. The train temporary speed restriction control system has the good effects that: (1) the train temporary speed restriction control system avoids the error and delay of the transmission of the temporary speed restriction information, particularly the transmission leakage; (2) the train temporary speed restriction control system can overcome the forgetting of the speed restriction places and remind the trainmen to control the speed of the train; (3); man-equipment inter-control of a single department is changed to be real-time inter-control of two departments, thus avoiding the existing railway safety mode dead corners and avoiding train operation accidents caused by overspeed operation at the speed restriction sections.


playwrights, theatres, and related books follow. The authors also include a submission form on which to send them additional information. The authors' Introduction, in which they describe the process of gathering information for the book, is the most interesting and provocative. They note, for example, that Samuel French's play categories include black, Catholic, Jewish, religious, plays for the elderly and retired, Irish, Chinese, and 'women's and girls' plays', but have no category for gay or lesbian plays. Further, Samuel French does not always mention gay and lesbian themes in the synopses. Furtado and Hellner aim to close the gap between gay and lesbian drama and theatre, between the relatively small number of gay and lesbian plays that are well known, and the lively gay and lesbian performance scene.


With the widespread application of endoscopic retrograde cannulation of the pancreatic(ERCP),more tumors of the duodenal papilla are discovered.Surgery has the disadvantage of big insult,high rate of complication and death.Hower- er,therapy with endoscopic resection has the advantage of little insult,quick recover,safety and effectiveness.The article re- views the endoscopic diagnosis and resection for tumor of the duodenal papilla.The indication,technique,complication of endo- scopic resection are also discussed.


There is a natural and logical relationship between the high level objectives of a business and the requirements of an information system supporting the business and its activities. We outline a framework for information systems requirements capture and specification, where the determination and explicit specification of business objectives play a vital role. The framework is described by a number of "meta-models", which guide the specification, structuring, and analysis of goals, problems, concepts, activities, processes, actors, and other descriptive components. The paper also describes how "business rules" have been incorporated in this approach. The nature of business rules is discussed, as well as sources from where the business rules are derived. The objectives driven approach has been successfully used in a number of real-life projects in information systems requirements engineering.<<ETX>>


This paper describes a technique to measure the surface density of the defects in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of hexadecanethiolates on gold that lead to etching of the gold when the system is etched with aqueous ferricyanide solution. This technique uses two steps of amplification through chemical reaction to convert pinhole defects in SAMs into easily imaged, micron-scale pits in an underlying Si support. With this technique, it is possible to evaluate the density of defects in SAMs and in the structures prepared by using SAMs as resists under conditions that may be encountered in lithographic processing. At present, the lowest density of pits that we have measured for SAMs of hexadecanethiolates on 50 nm thick gold is ∼5 pits/mm2. This density is an upper limit for the density of defects that expose bare gold to the etching solution or that comprise regions of SAM sufficiently thin that the SAM is not able to block access of the etchant to the gold.


International monetary system is always in turbulances and conflicts among major currencies are common.All this is resulted because of the dollar crisis as the US dollar is confronted with various challenges.The dollar system has showed signes of weakening and new characters appear in the competition among the major currencies.So for China the potential functions and roles of RMB should be played to perfect the forex policy systems and maintain financial stability.As for the internationalization of RMB,the proper attitute is no haste.


Magnesium alloys are very biocompatible and show promise for use in implant device. The focus of this article lies in the evaluation of the degradation performance and biological response of a paclitaxel-eluting biodegradable stent based on WE43 magnesium alloy by in vivo and in vitro studies. The corrosion characteristics analyzed by immersion testing in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) for 24h. Severe corrosion took place reveal fast degradation, lead to the stent strut easily fracture during expanding. The chemical nature of this conversion in vivo was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS). For the endothelial surface coverage and the microstructure of the stent were also investigated by SEM. The results show that the deployment of the stent in arteries was safe, endothelial coverage occurred above stent struts and between struts after implanted 6 weeks, and more slowly than stainless steel stent and paclitaxel-eluting stainless steel stent. The grains boundaries of the stents are easily corroded in vivo environment, which should strongly affect the radial strength and mechanical integrity of the stent, leading early recoil contribute to restenosis.


This paper deals with the application of the Lambert guidance to the ballistic missile. By using the fundamental equation for the velocity-to-be-gained, the demanded command for the thrust angle is developed in terms of the rotational factor of its direction. The developed formula requires the Q-matrix which links a differential change in the missile position vector to the corresponding differential change in the correlated velocity for the fixed target position and the constant time of free flight. The choice of the rotational parameter provides different profiles of the missile attitude and flight path angle with time. By adjusting the rotational parameter for the thrust vector, the cut-off of the rocket engine can occur at zero angle of attack and the initial perturbations during free flight may be thus reduced. .


Generalized progressive hybrid censored mechanisms have been proposed to reduce the test duration and to save the cost spent on testing. This paper considers the problem of estimating the unknown model parameters and the reliability time functions of the new inverted Nadarajah–Haghighi (NH) distribution under generalized Type-II progressive hybrid censoring using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation approaches. Utilizing the normal approximation of the frequentist estimators, the corresponding approximate confidence intervals of unknown quantities are also constructed. Using independent gamma conjugate priors under the symmetrical squared error loss, the Bayesian estimators are developed. Since the joint likelihood function is obtained in complex form, the Bayesian estimators and their associated highest posterior density intervals cannot be obtained analytically but can be evaluated via Monte Carlo Markov chain techniques. To select the optimum censoring scheme among different censoring plans, five optimality criteria are used. Finally, to explain how the proposed methodologies can be applied in real situations, two applications representing the failure times of electronic devices and deaths from the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in the United States of America are analyzed.


We introduce and explore a family of vertex-coloring problems, which, surprisingly enough, have not been considered before despite stemming from the problem of Wi-Fi channel assignment. Given a spectrum of colors, endowed with a matrix of interferences between each pair of colors, the Threshold Spectrum Coloring problem fixes the number of colors available and aims to minimize the interference threshold, i.e., the maximum of the interferences at the vertices. Conversely, the Chromatic Spectrum Coloring problem fixes a threshold and aims to minimize the number of colors for which respecting that threshold is possible. As the main theoretical results, we prove tight upper bounds for the solutions to each problem. Since both problems turn out to be NP-hard, we complete the scene with experimental results. We propose a DSATUR-based heuristic and study its performance to minimize the maximum vertex interference in Wi-Fi channel assignment, both for randomly-generated graphs and for a real-world scenario. Further, for all these graphs, we experimentally check the goodness of the theoretical bounds.


A transformation formula for resolvents of families of Schrodinger operators H(ξ)=−12Δ+ξQ, which are assumed to be holomorphic of type B, is proved. It can be used to derive the well-known correspondence between three-dimensional Coulomb problem and four-dimensional harmonic oscillator.


A composite medicine for treating hypertension contains proportionally one or two antihypertensive medicines chosen from calcium antagon, alpha receptor blocker, beta receptor blocker, renin-angiotonin system regulator and diuretic, one Ca containing component and the farmacologically acceptable auxiliary.


. In the article the models of public service in foreign countries are analyzed. Main problems of the civil service of Ukraine, which can be solved through adaptation of characteristics of foreign public service models, have been determined.


In our work on real-time problem solving we have found that the interface between the decision-maker and the real-time scheduler needs to be complex and bidirectional. We argue that this interface can usefully be modeled as a negotiation process. In this paper we present the details of the interface, as well as our scheduler that is capable of scheduling real-time tasks and providing the information required by the interface.


In this work we show results on the preparation and characterization of graphene oxide (GO)based bi-dimensional systems as well as synthesis and simulation of Permalloy (Ni80Fe20) unidimensional systems such as nanowires (NHs) and nanotubes (NTs). Likewise an integral study of an hybrid platform constituted by decorations of Ni80Fe20 nanowires deposited on GO films is presented. The main driven force to tackle this topic arises from the potential multifunction of hybrid systems, due to they collect the atributes of their single elements. Nanowires were obtained from alumina porous membranes (AAO) used as templates. Thus, the study was firstly focused on the synthesis and characterization of AAOs, fabricated by two different methods known as double anodization and hard anodization, respectively. The uni-dimensional magnetic structures were grown by AC electrodeposition in the case of nanowires, while for nanotubes the atomic layer deposition technique was employed. In all cases a multi-characterization of the 1D nanostructures was carried out. The morphology was monitored by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore structural characterization by X-ray diffraction was performed. Magnetic measurements using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) as well as an angular gradient force magnetometer (AGFM) were also carried out. One of the most important contributions of this work is the implementation of numerical simulations to predict hysteresis curves as well as the magnetization reversal modes. In fact, the magnetic behavior of Ni80Fe20 nanowires with 40 nm and 100 nm pore diameters were simulated. Ni nanowires were used as a reference to compare their magnetic responses to those obtained for permalloy nanowires. The software OOMMF was used to develop the micromagnetic calculations. Finally, structural, vibrational and electrochemical measurements of the NiFe/GO/AuPd-Al hibrid system was carried out. Raman characterization allowed us to identify changes in the defects density, effect that was assigned to the strong adhesion between NiFe nanowires and the electrochemically reduced GO films. This work contributes to the understanding of the properties exhibited by the choosen hibrid system, which is of interest for technological applications.


Objective
To introduce a new technique of angulated innominate osteotomy modified from Salter innominate osteotomy and to compare its early clinical effects with the traditional Salter technique.

Methods
Data of 45 cases treated with innominate osteotomy from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 14 cases (1 male and 13 females; average age 34.21 months, range from 20 to 43 months) treated by traditional Salter innominate osteotomy (the traditional group) and 31 cases (5 males and 26 females; average age 25.42 months, range from 17-42 months) treated by angulated innominate osteotomy (the modified group). The acetabular index was evaluated radiographically for assessing surgical effects. The operation time and total blood loss during the operation were also collected. McKay method was used for clinical evaluation at the last follow-up. The images of the follow-ups, including the latest one, were used to confirm the exist of complications of avascular necrosis of femoral epiphysis, re-dislocation or subluxation of the hip.

Results
The mean follow-up time of traditional group was 23.64 months (range, 8-50 months) and modified group's was 18.94 months (range, 8-35 months). The mean time consumption of modified group (262.42±67.56 min) was significantly lower than traditional group's (306.43±48.37 min) (t=2.482, P=0.018) and the mean total amount of blood loss in the modified group was 81.28±29.00 ml, significantly lower than that of the traditional group's of 117.85±45.55 ml (t=2.762, P=0.013). All the involved hips in the two groups achieved varying degrees of deformities correction after surgery. In the traditional group, the mean correction angle was 13.19°±2.89°, compared to 15.46°±4.29° of the modified group's, and there was statistical differences (t=-2.078, P=0.045). As for McKay results, the excellent combined with good rates in the traditional group and the modified group were 86% and 90%, respectively. The occurrence rate of avascular necrosis of modified group was about 25.81% while traditional group's was 50%. Two patients had subluxation signs in the traditional group.

Conclusion
In this research, the angulated innominate osteotomy had good early outcomes with less blood loss and lower incidence of complications than the traditional one.

Key words:
Child; Pelvis; Osteotomy; Hip dislocation, congenital


Early life seizures are often associated with cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities that are detrimental to quality of life. Using a rat model of early life seizures, we explored long-term cognitive outcomes in adult rats. Using ACTH, an endogeneous HPA-axis hormone given to children with severe epilepsy, we sought to prevent cognitive deficits. While rats with a history of ELS were able to acquire a conditioned fear learning paradigm as well as controls, these rats had significant deficits in their ability to extinguish fearful memories and ACTH treatment was able to significantly improve this fear extinction. This ACTH effect was specific for fear extinction deficits and not for spatial learning deficits in a water maze. Additionally, ACTH did not alter seizure latency or duration suggesting that cognitive and seizure outcomes may be dissociable. Expression levels of melanocortin receptors, which bind ACTH, were found to be significantly lower in animals that had experienced ELS than in control animals, potentially implicating central melanocortin receptor dysregulation in the effects of ELS and suggesting a mechanism of action for ACTH. Taken together, these data suggest that early treatment with ACTH can have significant longterm consequences for cognition in animals with a history of ELS independently of seizure cessation, and may act in part through a CNS melanocortin receptor pathway.


Reactive powder concrete(RPC) is a kind of cement-based composite which has ultra-high strength.It owns super high mechanical performances,excellent durability,lower shrinkage and creep performances.Based on the compresive experiments of 28 groups of cubes and 14 groups of prism specimens,split and pull strength experiment of 40 groups of carbon fiber RPC with different size and flexural strength experiment of 20 groups of cube specimens with 40mm×40mm×160mm.This papaer discusses the physical and mechanical properties such as the cube compressive strength,the split and pull strength,the flexural strength,the effect of size,the prism compressive strength,Young's modulus and peak strain etc of the carbon fiber RPC with different curing methods and different volume fractions of steel fiber.Fimally,the mechanism effect of carbon fiber by observing the failure phenomenon of cube specimens is introduced.


The factors causing a disharmonious society are many of them, including urban and rural difference, income inequality, different social positions and etc. Focusing on the principal contradiction will of course be very helpful for the promoting and development of the overall framework and concrete work.


To investigate the effectiveness of a kinetic impactor that accelerates a spacecraft to impact and deflect an Earth-threatening asteroid, a graphical representation, called an impact-geometry map, ...


An organized and rigorous approach to analyzing qualitative data can yield important insights into the intricacies of human behavior and can answer "how" and "why" questions. One process of coding interview responses from study subjects using grounded theory with a constructivist approach is outlined and applied to an example study. The emergent themes can provide insight to medical educators to create interventions that optimize the learning environment. For researchers, they may generate hypotheses to study by quantitative analysis.


interpreted as the bloodless unfolding of structural imperatives or of the simple alignment and realignment of interests. Thus, too, a CBO's reputation can be critical in determining how deeply its constituents experience poverty. Even amid this rich fare, there is room for further development. Marwell resists judgment throughout: Could the CBOs she studied have acted differently than they did? Might some have been more effective if they had organized themselves differently? There is also the subtitle: the term "entrepreneurial city" comes over as a head-fake. Would Marwell expect the same dilemmas to operate in a city that is less thoroughly dominated by the finance, insurance, and real estate sectors as New York City? Would the "neoliberal city" work better? It's hard to tell because Bargaining for Brooklyn's theoretical targets and interlocutors are not urban political economists; they are sociologists of urban poverty. Nevertheless, while Marwell wisely limits the explicit scope of her work in this book, she whets the appetite for comment on other critical literatures on urban governance. Bargaining for Brooklyn should be assigned in graduate and undergraduate courses on urban political science and sociology, ethnography, poverty and public policy. Policymakers too should take notice of this book. As advocates of "civil society" dominate the public conversation about how to provide public goods, they will benefit from Marwell's cautionary analyses of CBOs' often-tangled attempts to raise the standard of living and build durable participation in their communities.


Background The literature shows the negative psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on frontline healthcare workers. However, few are known about the mental health of physicians and nurses working in general hospitals during the outbreak, caring for patients with COVID-19 or not. Objectives This survey assessed differences in mental health in physicians and nurses working in COVID-19 or non-COVID-19 medical care units. Design A cross-sectional mixed-mode survey was used to assess burnout, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress. Setting A total of 1,244 physicians and nurses from five general hospitals in Belgium, working in COVID-19 care units (CCU), non-COVID-19 care units (NCCU), or both (CCU + NCCU) were informed of the study. Participants Six hundred forty-seven healthcare workers participated in the survey (response rate = 52%). Measurements Validated instruments were used to assess the outcomes: the PFI (burnout/professional fulfillment), the ISI (insomnia), and the DASS-21 (depression, anxiety, and stress). Results Results showed high prevalence of burnout, insomnia, depression, and anxiety among participants. After adjusting for confounders, multivariate analysis of variance showed no differences between CCU, NCCU, and CCU + NCCU workers. Univariate general linear models showed higher level of burnout, insomnia, and anxiety among nurses in comparison to physicians. Being a nurse, young, isolated, with an increased workload were risk factors for worse mental health outcomes. Limitations The mental health of the tested sample, before the outbreak, is unknown. Moreover, this cross-sectional design provides no information on the evolution of the mental health outcomes over time. Conclusion Directly caring for patients with COVID-19 is not associated with worse mental health outcomes among healthcare workers in general hospitals. High prevalence of burnout, insomnia, depression, and anxiety among physicians and nurses requires special attention, and specific interventions need to be implemented. Protocol Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04344145.


Much of the medical liability debate has revolved around limiting the incentives for pursuing potentially costly litigation against physicians, hospitals, and other healthcare providers. States have experimented with refinement of the tort systems with measures such as damage caps, joint-and-several liability rules, and statute-of-limitation restrictions with mixed success. Proponents of such measures often argue that the tort system creates an environment of fear for physicians that not only leads them to avoid high-risk specialties but also encourages them to order unnecessary tests and procedures to reduce the risk of HEALTH POLICY REVIEW


A previous study has been conducted integrating modification on secure hash algorithm 1 (SHA-1) to document integrity verification of printed documents using quick response (QR) codes. However, encryption is warranted as data is transmitted in plaintext directly to the server to prevent hacking and ensuring not only data integrity but data security as well. A more secured document integrity verification using QR code was designed and developed by successfully incorporating a better hashing algorithm– modified SHA-1 and integrating a modern encryption algorithm–modified blowfish algorithm. By integrating both, data integrity and data confidentiality is assured as compared to previous research. The developed software was checked against user requirements to check the acceptability of the software. Error rate and accuracy were also checked to see how the software performed. Based on the testing conducted, it has been found that the document integrity verification software using QR code with the integration of modified SHA-1 hash and Modified Blowfish encryption was acceptable, accurate, and more secure.


Pasteurellosis in sheep Further cases of bovine neonatal pancytopenia in calves Idiopathic necrotising enteritis in a three-month-old calf Ruminal acidosis in sheep associated with recent feeding changes Suspected midge hypersensitivity in ewes These are among matters discussed in the disease surveillance report for November 2016 from SAC Consulting: Veterinary Services (SAC C VS)


A challenge to fund raisers is understanding the im- plied product that is the basis of exchange between them and their constituents. Analysis of the beliefs of a nationwide sample of sup- porters of philanthropy revealed that the product is based on three overall dimensions: management of the organizafion, the services supported, and fundraising activities. The structure underlying thcse three dimensions and implications for market positioning are dis- cussed.


Salt tolerance of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) was determined at three growth stages since it has already been observed by a number of workers that degree of salt tolerance of different crops varies with their ontogeny. Therefore, salt tolerance of three accessions, Local Arhar, ICPL-151 and ICPL-850014 of pigeon pea was assessed at germination, seedling and adult stage. It is clearly evident from this study that there was no positive correlation between the tolerance at the early growth stages and at the adult stage of pigeon pea, since no clear difference in salt tolerance of three accessions was observed at the germination and the seedling stage, whereas accessions differed considerably at the adult stage. Although increasing salt concentrations adversely affected the growth of all three accessions, ICPL-151 excelled the other two accessions in fresh and dry biomass, yield and yield components when tested at the adult stage. The tolerant accession, ICPL-151 accumulated significantly lower shoot and root Na and shoot Cl. By contrast it was higher in shoot and root K, K/ Na ratios K versus Na selectivity, soluble sugars, root starch, free amino acids and proline compared with the other two accessions. The better performance of ICPL-151 under saline conditions seems apparently due to accumulation of less Na and more K and K/Na ratio and higher concentration of proline, free amino acids and soluble sugars than the other two accessions. However, relatively greater accumulation of organic osmotica was probably not enough to decrease the osmotic potential of the tolerant accession.


Optimization of magnetic and electric fields has been central concern for the design of a Hall current plasma accelerator since its inception decades ago. However, neutral flow dynamics in the discharge channel may have as much impact on the accelerator performance, operation stability and lifetime as the magnetic and electric fields due to its strong coupling with plasma properties. In this article, auxiliary gas injection is numerically studied for a low-power accelerator using a two-dimensional fully kinetic particle-in-cell code. Gas injection through the discharge channel sidewalls increases lifetime of the accelerator, but also degrades thrust performance suggesting that there is an optimum gas injection ratio. Although reduction in the maximum erosion rate is substantially lower than that predicted by a two-dimensional hybrid model for a high-power accelerator [14], extension of lifetime by approximately 20% appears to be possible with little impact (2%) on the thrust. The anode efficiency analysis supported by the simulated plasma properties clarifies that reduction in voltage utilization is the main cause of the observed alterations in the plasma properties and thrust performance deterioration.


Taebaek, once recognized as a booming mining city has experienced a rapid population decline. Over the five years between 1987 and 1992, 34% of the...


The natural circulation loop is designed for the cryogenic insert in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer. Sensitivity is the key parameter of a FTICR mass spectrometer and the cryo-cooling of the pre-amplifier can reduce the thermal noise level and thereby improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The pre-amplifier consisted of non-magnetic materials is thermally connected to the cooling loop which is passing through the flange maintaining ultra-high vacuum in the ion cell. The liquid nitrogen passes through inside of the loop to cool the pre-amplifier indirectly. At the end, a cryocooler is located to re-condense nitrogen vapor generated due to the heat from the pre-amplifier. The circulating fluid removes heat from the pre-amplifier and transports it to the cryocooler or heat sink. In this paper the natural circulation loop for cryogenic pre-amplifier is introduced for improving the sensitivity of cryo-detector. In addition, the initial cool-down of the system by a cryocooler ...


Chemical reactions in batteries or galvanic cells provide the driving force for electrons to struggle through loads. This is how chemical energy is transformed into electric energy. Electrolysis can be carried out in solutions or molten salts (liquid). Because the atoms and ions have to move physically, the medium has to be a fluid. The products, like the reactants in a galvanic cell, can be in a solid, liquid, or gas state.