Under the existing buildings energy-saving transformation background,as to the frequently asked questions,the following points in energy-saving potential analysis are pointed out.System COP′ is introduced as host replacement to take the system energy consumption changes into account.The lighting energy-saving is separated into two parts.They are equipments themselves energy-saving and lighting heat gain energy-saving.The energy-saving effect of window film on the architecture outer surface is analyzed with BIN parameter method in summer and winter.All of above provide references for the energy-saving potential analysis of the existing building reformation.


Four catechol azobenzene derivatives were synthesized.Based on the structural similarity between catechol and adjacent dihydroxy of saccharide,phenylboric acid was utilized as an intermediary agent to build a method to recognize the saccharide.An azocatechol was used as indicator to form a two-component system with phenylboric acid.Then,saccharide bound with phenylboric acid,and the indicator was free from the system.A remarkable spectrum change came into being.Consequently,saccharide could be sensed in pH 7.4 KH2PO4-NaOH buffer.Experiment results indicated that the system showed better spectral response to sorbitol and D-fructose than other four studied monosaccharides such as glucose,D-galactose,D-mannitol and D-arabinose.


During bread production, present mycotoxins can be reduced, transformed, and/or bound or released. In general, during bread production, mycotoxins might be affected by the presence of certain ingredients and/or additives and by the fermentation conditions, followed by the baking process. However, there are no available data on the stability and behavior of Alternaria toxins during bread-making process in real conditions. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dough fermentation and baking processes on the behavior of tenuazonic acid (TeA), alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME). For this purpose, spiked white wheat flour (100 μg/kg of each TeA, AOH, and AME in flour), 2.5% baker's yeast, 2.0% salt and 58% water calculated on flour basis were used as raw materials in a micro-scale baking test. Spiked wheat dough was fermented for 60 min at 37 °C, and then divided into 15 g pieces, molded by hand, and proofed for 50 min at 37 °C. Finally, the proofed dough was baked for 8 min at 250 °C. At each point (0, 60 and 110 min) the dough samples were taken, frozen, lyophilized, ground, and stored until further analysis. Bread samples were taken after cooling and the same procedure was applied to it as well. To study the fate of TeA, AOH and AME during bread production, validated method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used. The content of TeA and AME in bread was at the same level as in the raw material, although in the dough during fermentation, reductions of TeA by 29.2% and increase amount of AME by 13.8% were noted, compared to their content in dough after kneading (0 min). The content of AOH in dough after final proof was reduced by 31.8%, while in bread, its content was reduced by 34.8% compared to its content in dough after kneading (0 min).


On the research of contrastive analysis, this paper discusses the environmental impact of high-speed maglev and high-speed wheel-rail in land use, noise pollution, energy consumption, ecological effect, electromagnetic radiation and other aspects. On this basis, this paper describes the influences on environment of high-speed maglev in transit system of China, and puts forward the concrete opinions and suggestions for the engineering investigation, construction, and environmental impact assessment of high-speed maglev. Adopting the linear motor, maglev system has the characteristic of low noise, and which does not produce machinery noise via a way of no touch to put support, guide, driving, braking and power supply into effect, and aviods the interface contact of trains. There are aerodynamic noises chiefly when the maglev is moving with high speed. Meanwhile, maglev system is one mode of energy-conservation transportation, which emits no harmful substance in operation. And, since the magnetic intensity of maglev is somewhat above which of the magnetic field of Earth, which seems harmless to the human body. Maglev runs very quietly in low speed, which shows a predominance of environmental protection, compared with urban elevated rail and elevated highway. Moreover, in high speed, maglev can run along the existing transportation corridor without costing too much land resources, and also ease the burden on the environment.


Chemical and electrochemical means of providing a ''bridge'' from an OTEC plant to an energy market offer a number of advantages over electric cable transmission. The most recent work done by the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) on assessing various forms of chemical, electrochemical, and thermal energy carriers for OTEC plants is reported. These energy carriers were evaluated in terms of their overall technical feasibility and economic potential in the energy marketplace as means for augmenting conventional chemical fuels, providing peaking electric power, and as chemical feedstocks.


FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES IN HANDLING EMINENT DOMAIN OR EXPROPRIATION WORK ARE REVIEWED. THE AXIOMS EXAMINED IN THIS FIELD INCLUDE THAT OF THE RIGHTS OF SOVEREIGNTY, AND COMPENSATION. THE CONDUCT OF ATTORNEYS IN FEDERAL AND STATE CASES ARE DISCUSSED. THE QUESTION OF APPRAISERS IS DISCUSSED AND COMMENTS ARE MADE ON THE LEGAL ISSUES INVOLVED. THE PROCEDURE, DISCOVERY AND TRIAL ASPECTS OF THE SEIZING OF LAND ARE DETAILED. INSTANCES ARE CITED OF CASES COMMITED BY FEDERAL TRIAL COURT AND OTHERS INVOLVING CONGRESS AND STATE AGENCIES.


The Best Quadratic Unbiased Estimation (BQUE) of variance components in the Gauss-Helmert model is used to combine adjustment of GPS/levelling and geoid to determinethe individual variance componen ...


Using ATmega16L single-chip made by ATMEL company as microprocessor, we developed a monitoring instrument of air permeability, and used it to automatically detect the status of the cold and hot blast pressure, furnace top pressure and cold flow parameters.Through optimizing the index of permeability of the blast furnace mathematical model, we calculated the air permeability index for the operators to determine the status of real-time furnace practice.


We highlight recent results gained by a method to approximately solve the Navier–Stokes equation for high Reynolds numbers. Within this approximation, intermittency corrections are found to be scale dependent, large in the viscous subrange, moderate in the nonuniversal stirring subrange but, surprisingly enough, extremely small if not zero in the inertial subrange.


The invention discloses a kind of environment-friendly and energy-efficient water-proof thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof.Polypropene staple and white cement being put in proportion in blender, stirring to polypropene staple fully opens in dispersity;Stir to mixing homogeneously with described polypropene staple and white cement in again redispersable latex powder, mica powder, dicalcium powder, stone, quartz sand, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polycarboxylate dehydragent, silylation powder being put into same blender in proportion.The environmental protection of this material is pollution-free, energy-saving effect is notable, there is prominent splitting resistance flexible, waterproof, excellent weatherability, anti-pressure and abrasion-proof, hardness is big, the characteristics such as the life-span is long, seamless, and water-proof binding power is strong, can be done directly on various base layer construction, open up new era that polyethylene polypropylene material can be used directly;Production technology of the present invention is simple, and storage period is long, is radical cure roof heat, roof leakage at present, most effective, the most simply, environmental protection, the new technology of longest-lived.


OBJECTIVE To determine the content of dannin in Smilax Glabra.MTHODS The content of Dannin in Smilax Glabra was determined by indirect atomic absorption spectrometry.RESULTS The-average content was 16.06±0.18mg/g.The average recovery was 98.2% and RSD was 3.9%(n=4).CONCLUSION Smilax Glabra is of great medicinal value because of the rich dannin.


soundness 0.5 mm ABSTRACT: The properties of blended cement with nano-SiO2 (NS) were experimentally studied. The silica, which is the major component of a pozzolan reacts with calcium hydroxide formed from calcium silicates hydration. The rate of pozzolanic reaction is proportional to the amount of surface area available for reaction. Results indicated that setting times were increased with increase in percentage of nano-SiO2 in cement blended with silica fume. A combination of 6% SF + 3%NS was given the best performance in compressive strength. XRD was used to analyze the results.


Summary

A central composite design was applied to assess some basic factors that affect profoundly the production of dextrose equivalent from banana pulp. Optimal conditions for the conversion of starch banana pulp to glucose were found to be a banana pulp concentration of 8.5%, reaction time of 90 min, and α-amylase concentration of 0.04% for liquefaction and reaction time of 24 h with a glucoamylase concentration of 0.05% for saccharification. Only 16 and 12 experiments, respectively, were needed to assess these conditions. The adequacy of model was highly satisfactory, because the coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively. The glucose syrup (GS) obtained was slightly yellowish with a hint of brown and slightly sweet. The syrup had a protein of 0.63% and an ash content of 0.60%, with a pH of 4.8. The characteristics of the GS produced met all the recommended standards, except for that of colour.


The giant coccoids of the strain in the above paper have previously been shown to have been the precursors of a diplococcus mutant 1 Their viability is much greater also than that of the bacillary form. Such important functional differences lead to an inquiry regarding the nature of these structures. B. coli and its congeners, as well as diphtheroids, have been studied. Employing an environment that led the strains to reproduce in their fungoid or branching phase, a mechanism was demonstrated that was practically identical morphologically with zygospore formation as it occurs among the yeasts. A very striking concomitant change was a spiral reorganization of the chromatic substance which took place in the filamentous forms which formed the zygospore. This was often so striking as to resemble the strands of a rope, such structures probably being identical with the so-called giant whips described first by Novy many years ago. Similar formations among the protozoa are spoken of as the "wurstformige Schlingen" which represents the most constant accompaniment of the sexual process among the protozoa.


The problem of undesirable separation of the cast material from the mold in the casting of energetic materials is investigated. Comprehensive models are developed to simulate the heat and mass transfer processes during melt casting of energetic materials, as well as the resulting thermal stresses induced. The thermal and stress models are dynamically coupled. Predictions from the validated numerical model show excellent agreement with experimental measurements. The size and location of the separation are also predicted by the present model. Means to control and suppress separation are explored, and it is demonstrated that the separation can be controlled through proper choice of cooling conditions.


The study analyses bibliographical details of 1282 research articles published by the scientists of CECRI during the period 2000-2009. It is found that 2009 was the most productive year with 194 articles (15.13%) published in the year. Collaborative research was dominant with the highest degree of collaboration being 0.98, in the year 2005. Further, the study investigated authorship pattern, co-authorship pattern, highly prolific authors and highly preferred journals by the scientists of CECRI.


Feasibility of outer mold line (OML) heat exchangers for electrified aircraft is computationally explored for three different aircraft concepts within The High-efficiency Electrified Aircraft Thermal Research (HEATheR) project. OML surface temperature limits were selected based on aluminum-alloy and carbon-fiber composite materials commonly used in transport aircraft. Heat flux distribution over the aircraft OML at the surface temperature limit was evaluated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The candidate OML locations and the size for the implementation of the OML-based heat exchanger is down-selected using this initial analysis and other considerations including the concern for structural integrity and proximity to heat-generating electrical components. The sensitivity of the heat transfer analysis to the computational grid, aircraft angle of attack, surface temperature, and the interaction of individual OML heat exchanger patches were investigated.


We evaluated a method of semiautomated analysis of dynamic MR image series in renal transplants. Nine patients were studied twice, with an average time interval of 7 days. MR examination consisted of a run of 256 T1‐weighted coronal scans (GE; TR/TE/flip: = 11/3.4/60°; slice thickness = 6 mm; temporal resolution = 2 seconds). Gadolinium‐DTPA (0.05 mmol/kg) was injected with an injector pump (5 ml/seconds). MR renographs of the cortex and medulla were obtained by segmentation of the renal transplant and placement of two regions of interest (ROIs) overlying the peripheral and central renal parenchyma. In the first 100 frames of the renographs, analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated significant intraclass correlation coefficients with mean values for the cortex and medulla of 0.47 and 0.59, respectively. We conclude that the procedure is a robust technique that generates meaningful signal curves. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;14:134–140. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract For any real number κ \kappa and any integer n ≥ 4 n\ge 4 , the Cycl n ( κ ) {{\rm{Cycl}}}_{n}\left(\kappa ) condition introduced by Gromov (CAT(κ)-spaces: construction and concentration, Zap. Nauchn. Sem. S.-Peterburg. Otdel. Mat. Inst. Steklov. (POMI) 280 (2001), (Geom. i Topol. 7), 100–140, 299–300) is a necessary condition for a metric space to admit an isometric embedding into a CAT ( κ ) {\rm{CAT}}\left(\kappa ) space. For geodesic metric spaces, satisfying the Cycl 4 ( κ ) {{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa ) condition is equivalent to being CAT ( κ ) {\rm{CAT}}\left(\kappa ) . In this article, we prove an analogue of Reshetnyak's majorization theorem for (possibly non-geodesic) metric spaces that satisfy the Cycl 4 ( κ ) {{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa ) condition. It follows from our result that for general metric spaces, the Cycl 4 ( κ ) {{\rm{Cycl}}}_{4}\left(\kappa ) condition implies the Cycl n ( κ ) {{\rm{Cycl}}}_{n}\left(\kappa ) conditions for all integers n ≥ 5 n\ge 5 .


Let P[A,B],-1 _ B <A <_ 1, be the class of functions p such that p(z) is 1 + Az A function f, analytic in the unit disk E is said to belong to the class subordinate to 1 + Bz" zg'(z) K*[A,B] if, and only if, there exists a function g with g(z) E P[A,B] such that Re (zf'(z))' g,() > , 0 _</ < 1 and z E E. The functions in this class are close-to-convex and hence univalent. We study its relationship with some of the other subclasses of univalent functions. Some radius problems are also solved.


The article grounds the necessity to develop a logit-model capable of showing specificity of Russian economy for diagnosing finance security of industrial enterprises in the Russian Federation. As a result of the research the authors designed two specialized models and put forward a classification of finance security for small and medium business. They showed the role of ensuring finance security of industrial enterprises and gave facts, which makes it possible to diagnose the start of finance threats. The article provides the analysis of Russian industrial enterprises dealing with machine and equipment manufacturing. The designed logit-models show finance processes of home industrial enterprises, which can cause finance insolvency. Testing was done on the basis of official open accounting of 173 Russian industrial enterprises. The authors produce evidence of their use for forecasting finance standing of Russian industrial enterprises. The research was done with the help of software IBM SPSS Statistics and it made it possible to give precise and trustworthy tests of the quality of logit-models. This research can be recommended for choosing efficient managerial solutions on ensuring finance security of industrial enterprises among diversified alternative concepts.


The orbit/spectrum resource is one of the world's most important reservoirs of value. This resource has a dual "orbit/spectrum" nature because its value can only be realized through the simultaneous exploitation of both the geostationary orbit and the electromagnetic spectrum. The geostationary orbit, a ring of space six earth radii above the equator, is where a communications satellite must be placed in order to assume a fixed position in the sky. These fixed or "geostationary" positions are extremely desirable because they allow the satellite to serve as a dependable relay platform for messages sent between large numbers of geographically isolated communicators.


It is pointed out that active and reactive decomposition method is not reasonable to allocate the power losses and to trace the power. The theory of MVA loss allocation and branch flow decomposition is proposed. Various MVA contribution factors are derived and the possible application of the theory is outlined. The method can answer various questions concerned by the market participants and improve the transparency of the market.


Description This subroutine integrates a set of up to N ordinary differential equations one step of length H, where H may be specified by the user, but is controlled by the subroutine to control the estimated error within a specified tolerance, if possible. A maltistep predictor corrector method is used whose order is automatically chosen by the subroutine as the integration proceeds. Either an Adams' method or methods suitable for stiff equations can be selected. The starting procedure is automatic and the information retained by the program about previous steps is stored in such a way as to make the interpolation to a nonmesh point straightforward. (See the description of the parameter Y in the subroutine.) The methods used are described from a mathematical point of view in the papers referenced in [1 ]. The programs may call on up to three subroutines. They are The first, D1FFUN, must be provided always, and it must evaluate the derivatives of the dependent variables Y with respect to the independent variable T and place the results in D Y. Y is di-mensioned 8 by N, and the function values are in Y(1, I) for I = 1 toN. MAT1NV must be provided if stiff methods are requested. It should invert the matrix P W which is of size N by N. The (/, J) element of PW is stored in position PW(I+M*(J-I)), that is, PW is dimensioned as an M by M array. (The value of M used by DIFSUB is equal to the value of N used on the first call to DIFSUB when the user supplied parameter JSTART is 0.) If stiff methods are not used, MAT1NV is never called, so it is sufficient to provide a dummy subroutine to satisfy the loader if Adams' methods are used. The parameter J in MAT1NV should be set to a + 1 on return if the inversion is successful,-1 ff the matrix is thought to be nearly singular. If large systems of stiff equations are to be integrated, the inversion should be done in two stages. The call to MATINV after statement 300 should be replaced by a call of an LU factorization program; e.g. subroutine DECOMP [2, p. 68]. should be replaced by a call to the second stage of a Gaussian elimination program; e.g. subroutine SOLVE [2, p. 69]. The net result must be to solve the N by N …


Quine famously concluded that his rejection of the analytic-synthetic distinction resulted in a more 'thorough' pragmatism. While suggesting a possible link to American pragmatism, Quine would later explain that he was only extending the use of 'pragmatic' found in Carnap's thought. However, Quine has also acknowledged the influence of his teacher C.I. Lewis, who defended his 'Conceptual Pragmatism' in the 1920s and 1930s. This essay focuses on Quine's alleged connection to pragmatism by examining the influence of Lewis's pragmatism on Quine's developing epistemological perspective. It makes reference to Quine's unpublished graduate papers in order to argue that the structural affinities between Quine's and Lewis's conceptions of epistemology suggest an important historical source of the pragmatic elements in Quine's view. This further highlights a forgotten element of the epistemological backdrop to Quine's mid-century interpretation and criticism of Carnap's use of the analytic-synthetic distinction.


The utility model provides a bulb type organic light emitting diode lamp. An organic light emitting diode is made into the form of the bulb case, and an outer case is electrically connected with a low voltage lead, a voltage converter, a high voltage lead and a lamp cap to form a bulb type organic light emitting diode lamp. The bulb type organic light emitting diode lamp not only has high light efficiency, but also does not use harmful substance-mercury that pollutes environment, is able to work at high frequency, and has long lifespan. The bulb type organic light emitting diode lamp not only can be used for lighting, can also be used for the fields of advertisement, decoration, etc.


With the basic principle of polymer chemistry and physics as basis, the preparation technology of colored asphalt was proposed and main technological parameters and parameter level were selected. The influential technological parameters in different levels acting on the performance of cementing material were analyzed through range analysis. On this basis, the critical factors affecting the performance of cementing material and optimal technological parameters for cementing material preparation were found.


An identification key for the Malacostraca of the Baltic Sea is given in this contribution. It includes all species (a total of 120) that have been mentioned in the available literature as having been found in the region from Kiel Bight to the northern and eastern parts of the Baltic. The taxonomical features of all these animals are illustrated (149 figures on 32 plates). A short diagnosis is given for all Baltic species, together with notes on their distribution in the Baltic and their ecology.


This study aimed to determine how mathematics experts and teachers assessed the designed APPR (Assess-Practice-Present-Reflect) module based on its Content, Language, and Layout. This was conducted in three divisions in the province of Bukidnon comprising 33 Grade 10 mathematics teachers and experts who are teaching for at least 3 years on the said grade level. The Department of Education LRM rubric was utilized as the primary research instrument. A mixed-method design was employed. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used for the data processing. Analysis of the data revealed that the designed module passed DepEd set of criteria for learning resource materials. Mathematics experts and teacher participants found the designed modules aligned with all the required most essential learning competencies, it contains an essential instructional design that can contribute to achieving the learning objectives, the coherence and clarity of presentations were observed, and has a good physical attributes. Moreover, the interview conducted converged with the result from the instrument. The participants agreed that the APPR module can strongly motivate the learners to finish the module, it promotes grit, encourages independent learning, can cater to the diverse type of learners, and its level of complexity suites to the level of the students. Hence, APPR module is recommended to be used in long-distance learning. Further, a study of this design greatly encouraged especially on how it affects the performance of the learners.


We have analytically solved the LO perturbative QCD singlet DGLAP equations [V. N. Gribov and L. N. Lipatov, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 15, 438 (1972)][G. Altarelli and G. Parisi, Nucl. Phys. B126, 298 (1977)][Y. L. Dokshitzer, Sov. Phys. JETP 46, 641 (1977)] using Laplace transform techniques. Newly developed, highly accurate, numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithms [M. M. Block, Eur. Phys. J. C 65, 1 (2010)][M. M. Block, Eur. Phys. J. C 68, 683 (2010)] allow us to write fully decoupled solutions for the singlet structure function F{sub s}(x,Q{sup 2}) and G(x,Q{sup 2}) as F{sub s}(x,Q{sup 2})=F{sub s}(F{sub s0}(x{sub 0}),G{sub 0}(x{sub 0})) and G(x,Q{sup 2})=G(F{sub s0}(x{sub 0}),G{sub 0}(x{sub 0})), where the x{sub 0} are the Bjorken x values at Q{sub 0}{sup 2}. Here F{sub s} and G are known functions--found using LO DGLAP splitting functions--of the initial boundary conditions F{sub s0}(x){identical_to}F{sub s}(x,Q{sub 0}{sup 2}) and G{sub 0}(x){identical_to}G(x,Q{sub 0}{sup 2}), i.e., the chosen starting functions at the virtuality Q{sub 0}{sup 2}. For both G(x) and F{sub s}(x), we are able to either devolve or evolve each separately and rapidly, with very high numerical accuracy--a computational fractional precision of O(10{sup -9}). Armed with this powerful new tool in the perturbative QCD arsenal, wemore » compare our numerical results from the above equations with the published MSTW2008 and CTEQ6L LO gluon and singlet F{sub s} distributions [A. D. Martin, W. J. Stirling, R. S. Thorne, and G. Watt, Eur. Phys. J. C 63, 189 (2009)], starting from their initial values at Q{sub 0}{sup 2}=1 GeV{sup 2} and 1.69 GeV{sup 2}, respectively, using their choice of {alpha}{sub s}(Q{sup 2}). This allows an important independent check on the accuracies of their evolution codes and, therefore, the computational accuracies of their published parton distributions. Our method completely decouples the two LO distributions, at the same time guaranteeing that both G and F{sub s} satisfy the singlet coupled DGLAP equations. It also allows one to easily obtain the effects of the starting functions on the evolved gluon and singlet structure functions, as functions of both Q{sup 2} and Q{sub 0}{sup 2}, being equally accurate in devolution (Q{sup 2} Q{sub 0}{sup 2}). Further, it can also be used for nonsinglet distributions, thus giving LO analytic solutions for individual quark and gluon distributions at a given x and Q{sup 2}, rather than the numerical solutions of the coupled integral-differential equations on a large, but fixed, two-dimensional grid that are currently available.« less


The Library is also a deposit library, which means that publishers in Vienna and the neighbouring federal states are required by law to send two free copies of everything that they are publishing to the Library. Recently, the colleague in...


Digital transformation goes hand in hand with profound changes to company structures. One aspect of digital transformation are algorithm-based decisions which strongly affect decision-making processes in general but also those between the company and employee representatives. This changes where employee representation can be introduced in decision-making, as well as how it is implemented and what competencies are required to do so. This conceptual article looks into how employee representation voice can be kept alive in organisational algorithm-based decision-making processes. To do this, employee (representation) voice will be derived from the German co-determination model. Analogue decision-making is then initially described as a social negotiation process, and modelling is used to show how it is linked to sensemaking in order to back up this claim. In contrast, it is highlighted how algorithm-based decision-making influences this analogue process. To face the resulting changes and challenges, the concept of "big judgement" is described. This concept proposes both structural problem-solving approaches as well as employee representative qualification requirements to provide scope for employee representation voice in algorithm-based decision-making and to avoid a culture of silence.


Organismal anatomy is a hierarchical system of anatomical entities often imposing dependencies among multiple morphological characters. Ontologies provide a formal and computable framework for incorporating prior biological knowledge about anatomical dependencies in models of trait evolution. They also offer new opportunities for working with semantic representations of morphological data. In this work, we present a new R package—rphenoscate—that enables incorporating ontological knowledge in evolutionary analyses and exploring semantic patterns of morphological data. In conjunction with rphenoscape, it allows for assembling synthetic phylogenetic character matrices from semantic phenotypes of morphological data. We showcase the package functionality with data sets from bees and fishes. We demonstrate that ontologies can be employed to automatically set up evolutionary models accounting for trait dependencies in stochastic character mapping. We also demonstrate how ontology annotations can be explored to interrogate patterns of morphological evolution. Finally, we demonstrate that synthetic character matrices assembled from semantic phenotypes retain most of the phylogenetic information from their original data sets. Ontologies will become important tools for integrating anatomical knowledge into phylogenetic methods and making morphological data FAIR compliant—a critical step of the ongoing 'phenomics' revolution. Our new package offers key advancements towards this goal.


The culture of cashew (Anacardiumoccidentale L.) is the main source of income for populations in northern Cote d'Ivoire, with an estimated production of 725 000 tonnes in 2017, but the average yield remains low likely due to the lack of elite planting material and hence use of unselected plant material by mostfarmers. For mass propagation of such a material, in vitro methods are necessary. Unfortunately, it is difficult to obtain surviving explants from mature plants grown in the field, whereby explants from seedlings obtained by in vitro germination are the most suitable for micropropagation of cashew.The objective of this study was to propagate under in vitroconditionselite plants of Anacardiumoccidentaleto be used as planting material. In Nangui Abrogoua University laboratory,shoot tip and basal part explants derived from vitroplants of 16-day-old were transferred onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins.After one month of culture, the induced shoots were placed onto different strengths of MS medium withvarious concentrations of sucrose and auxin. The highest number of buds (9) was recorded with the basal explants on medium supplemented withThidiazuron (TDZ) at 0.01 mg/l. The highest shoots (3 cm) were obtained with these sameexplantson a medium without growth regulators. A½ MS with 60 g/l of sucrose and 5 mg/l of IBA induced the highest rooting percentage (72%) and number of roots (4 roots) in a short time (16 days).


Purpose – The aim of this paper is to provide insights into the links between managerial accounting, as a tool for monitoring and governing multinational hotel companies, and corporate management approaches.Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds upon an extensive survey of general managers previously published by the authors, followed up with interviews and an in‐depth analysis of different management scenarios in the context of multinational hotel companies.Findings – This paper's findings suggest that "management by values" appears to be particularly adapted to multinational hotel companies, because of their organisation features, i.e. a network spread in different environments, and partially shapes the management accounting choices of performance indicators at various levels in the organisation.Research limitations/implications – The limitations of this research would depend on the limited amount of data collected, i.e. 13 interviews, of which eight are analysed, if there were any attempt to ge...


BACKGROUND
Safe nucleos(t)ide analogue discontinuation in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is an unmet need. We aimed to investigate whether combining HBV RNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) could perform satisfactorily in predicting off-treatment outcomes.

METHODS
The evaluation cohort included 127 HBeAg-positive patients from a multi-centre prospective trial who stopped telbivudine-based therapy after achieving HBeAg seroconversion and HBV DNA<50 IU/mL for >48 weeks. As validation, 59 patients treated with entecavir or tenofovir before discontinuation were analysed.

RESULTS
At the end of treatment (EOT), HBV RNA and HBcrAg were significant independent predictors of the clinical relapse risk. In the evaluation cohort, no clinical relapse occurred among patients with negative HBV RNA and HBcrAg <4 log10 U/mL at EOT (low-risk group), whereas 46.8% patients with positive HBV RNA and HBcrAg ≥4 log10 U/mL (high-risk group) experienced clinical relapse during 4-year post-treatment follow-up (P <0.001); the corresponding incidences in the validation cohort were 0% and 69.4% (P <0.001), respectively. More patients in the low-risk group achieved HBsAg loss than the other patients after treatment cessation (16.1% vs. 1.3%, P =0.002).

CONCLUSION
Combining HBV RNA and HBcrAg performed satisfactorily in predicting clinical relapse and HBsAg loss after treatment cessation in HBeAg-positive CHB patients.


A case of mixed mesodermal tumor of the ovary occurring In a nulliparous Japanese woman was reported. Histologically, two elements of tubular adenocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were intermingled and partly they were separated from each other. The epithelial component was very similar to that found in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. The histogenesis of this tumor was briefly discussed with particular emphasis on the unique histologic features.


In the Randall-Sundrum model, setting the ratio of up- and down-quark masses ${m}_{u}/{m}_{d}\ensuremath{\ll}1$, relevant to the strong $CP$ problem, does not require chiral symmetry or fine-tuning, due to exponential bulk fermion profiles. We point out that such geometric suppression of the mass of a fermion magnifies the masses of its corresponding Kaluza-Klein (KK) states. In this sense, these KK states act as ``microscopes'' for probing light quark and lepton masses. In simple realizations, this hypothesis can be testable at future colliders, like the LHC, by measuring the spectrum of level-1 KK fermions. The microscope can then provide an experimental test for the vanishing of ${m}_{u}$ in the ultraviolet, independently of nonperturbative determinations, by lattice simulations or other means, at hadronic scales. We also briefly comment on application of our microscope idea to other fermions, such as the electron and neutrinos.


Extra-articular manifestation (EAMs) definition is not clearly defined in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Nail involvement, enthesitis, dactylitis has been widely studied however, data are needed on pulmonary involvement in PsA.We aimed to understand real-life results of lung involvement in PsA patients.From the PsA cohort followed in our outpatient clinic, patients who have been requested a chest computed tomography (CT) for any reason by any department were retrieved from medical records and included in this retrospective cross-sectional analysis. All CTs were assessed by a radiologist who is blinded to the patients` clinical history and findings were categorized as parenchymal, airway, pleural findings and lymphadenopathy (LAM). Moreover, any findings that are radiologically attributed to a specific entity such as previous tuberculosis (Tb) infection were noted. Demographic/clinic data including smoking status, concomitant lung problems, disease characteristics (duration, axial/ peripheral involvement) were collected and analyzed.A total of 80/1072 (7.4 %; 65% female) PsA patients with mean (SD) age 56.1 (13.2) years were included in the study. Median (IQR) PsA duration was 23.5 (55.75) months and 36 (45%) patients had peripheral, 29 (36.3%) patients had axial involvement. For the rest of 15 (18.7 %) patients, radiographic assessment was missing. Smoking status could be retrieved in 47 patients (never=40.4%, ex-smoker= 19.1%, current smoker=40.4%). There were 14 concomitant lung problem in 12 (15%) patients. CT findings showed that 68.8% of patients had at least one lung pathology. Parenchymal findings were seen in 65% of the patients as both non-spesific changes (atelectasis, n= 35; nodules, n=24; ground glass opacity, n= 9; sequelae fibrosis, n= 9; emphysema, n= 7; consolidation, n= 5, interstitial thickening, n= 5; pulmonary cyst, n =4) and specific pathologies as apical fibrosis (AF) (n=5) and intersititial lung disease (ILD) (n=5, NSIP=3, LIP=2). AF was linked to previous Tb infection in 1 patient and radiotherapy in another (Table 1). However, there is no specific pathology in the rest of 3 (3.7%) patients that AF could be attributed to and all of them were male. Other pathologies were seen as airway findings in 28.8% patients (bronchiectasis, n= 17, bronchial wall thickness, n= 10, air trapping n= 7, centrilobular opacity, n= 4,) and pleural findings in 13.8 % of the patients (pleural plaque, n= 5, effusion, n= 3, thickness, n=3). LAM was observed in around 4% of the patients.Table 1.Patient characteristics with apical fibrosis, interstitial lung diseaseInvolvementGenderAgePsA duration, monthsAxialDisease(yes/no)SmokingStatusSmoking package-yearsConcomitantLung Disease(yes/no)Linked toanother problemby radiologist(yes/no)ID-1AFM582NoCurrent40NoNoID-2AFM611NoCurrent40NoNoID-3AFM73122YesEx30NoNoID-4AFF551YesNANANoYes*ID-5AFF65#NANever-Yes€Yes€ID-6NSIPF96NANANever-NoNoID-7NSIPM69NANAEx15Yes$NoID-8NSIPF66156NoNANAYes$NoID-9LIPM61200YesNever-NoNoID-10LIPF8014YesNANANoNoAF= Apical fibrosis; NSIP= Non-spesific interstitial pneumonia, LIP= Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia; PsA= Psoriatic Arthritis, NA= Not available*radiotherapy sequelae; # tomography was done prior to PsA diagnosis; € previous tuberculosis infection; $ chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThe real-life experience of our PsA cohort showed that pulmonary findings included variable spesific, non-spesific findings. As a limitation results represent the CT findings of around 8% of our PsA cohort. Within the scope of previous reports male predominant AF and ILD come forward in PsA that requires further attention in future studies [1,2].[1]Peluso R, Iervolino S, Vitiello M, et al (2015) Extra-articular manifestations in psoriatic arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol 34 (4):745-753.[2]Bargagli E, Bellisai F, Mazzei MA, et al (2020) Interstitial lung disease associated with psoriatic arthritis: a new disease entity? Intern Emerg Med.None declared.


The floods occurred on the estuary of the river Douro in the eighteenth century, in the city of Porto, allow a double approach to the history of the climate. On the one hand, applying information treatment models used in some more recent studies it is possible to make a serial analysis of the years of floods, their chronological distribution, frequency, duration and intensity associated with meteorological phenomena and their impacts. On the other hand, we tried to understand how values, beliefs, attitudes, knowledge reflect different perceptions of events, between sensations of vulnerability, learning and change. The analysis of information, such as cartographic, ecclesiastical and municipal sources, as well as the testimony of a merchant, over successive years (1717-1800), allowed reconstituting the dimension of the phenomenon comparing with the climatic contexts of other geographical spaces. We conclude that the informant's


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, there is no prevention or cure for AD. The potential use of natural antioxidants for prevention and treatment of AD has attracted considerable attention. Here, we used combination of the antioxidants coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin-E (Vit E) for the protection against AD. The current study assessed the neuroprotective effects of combination of CoQ10 with Vit E in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-induced neurodegeneration (CCH-ND) rat model. After acclimatization, 27 Sprague Dawley rats weighing 220–250 g were divided into six groups; sham control, 2-vessel occlusion (2VO), 2VO+E (treated daily with Vit E, 100 mg/kg, orally following 2VO), CoQ10 (treated daily with CoQ10, 200 mg/kg, orally following 2VO), CoQ10+E (treated with combination of CoQ10 and Vit E, orally following 2VO) and last group was treated with coconut-oil as a vehicle control. On the 8th week, all rats were tested by Morris water maze cognitive test and then euthanized and the hippocampi were isolated. Viable neuronal cell count in the hippocampal region was estimated. The Isoprostane F2 (F2-IsoPs) levels were assessed in the brain homogenates to quantify the oxidative stress status. There was significant difference in neuronal cell death, memory and learning, and F2-Iso level in untreated 2VO group compared to the treated and sham groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in neuroprotective effects of combination of Vit E with CoQ10 and each one alone. To conclude, combination of the antioxidants (Vit E and CoQ10) improves memory, neuronal cell viability and decreases antioxidant level, same as each antioxidant alone.


This community‐based participatory research was conducted to provide a preliminary understanding of how Afghan women in Northern California view their breast health.


" We can only hope that out of this controversy will come some real advances in the management of a common and dreadful disease. " The subject of this chapter is the history of the development of treatments for the most common cause of dementia: Alzheimer's Disease. By the middle of the 1980's, industrialized countries recognized that Alzheimer's Disease was common, untreatable and caused substantial harms and costs to individual patients, their family caregivers and society. Moreover, demographic projections of the growth in the elderly population predicted that these harms and costs would grow. 1 Treatments were urgently needed, and the clinical trial was the way to discover them. Years later, clinical trials have yielded results. The 2001 American Academy of Neurology's Evidence based guidelines recommend acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and vitamin E as treatments for Alzheimer's Disease. 2 Progress had occurred. But the same Academy Guidelines that clearly state how these treatments have value also contains an appendix that acknowledges there is no standard approach to determining the magnitude of the benefits of dementia treatments. 2 Other publications report this and other limitations of Alzheimer's Disease treatment trials. Common themes are disagreements over the choice of endpoints, and the interpretation of treatment versus control group differences in endpoints. 3-11 The message is that the communities of clinical medicine, clinical research, research regulation and industry have not achieved a set of measures or approaches to analyze them that fulfill both the standards of valid science and clinical value. The result is an incoherence in the language of benefit. The term " incoherence " describes the inability of these communities to select and analyze measures of treatment benefit so that claims of validity and clinical value hang together. A language of benefit serves a number of interrelated ethical and scientific functions. Hence, the costs of the failure to achieve a coherent language are significant. Clinical investigators and institutional review boards struggle with weighing research risks and benefits. Clinicians and patients struggle with the decision whether to use a new treatment and the merits of changing or discontinuing treatments. Finally, public and private policy makers cannot reach transparent and acceptable decisions about access to and reimbursement for treatment. There is also a human cost. As long as incoherence exists, clinical research results are of dubious value. As a result, further clinical trials are done to try and achieve coherence. But these trials require significant …


History and the Historian History: The Elusive Quarry The Framework of History The Dyamics of Historical Change: Europe Introduction: Search for a Governing Dynamic The Commercial Model The Demographic Model The Marxian Dynamic Weber, Sombart, and the Spirit of Capitalism The Dynamics of Historical Change: World History Introduction: The Global Perspective World-System Analysis Environmental History Summation: The Continuing Pursuit of Order Bibliography


The vertical tube elutriator is attractive because of its simplicity, but its usefulness as a processing tool is limited because of its poor separating efficiency. The velocity of the carrier fluid is highest at the tube centre, and zero at the tube wall. A consequence of this is a downward particle flux in the low velocity region close to the wall; light particles in the feed can travel downwards to be collected at the bottom of the elutriator. In this paper we report the results of an investigation into the effect of placing circumferential baffles at the elutriator wall to divert wall flow particles towards the centre of the tube. Baffles 15mm and 30mm wide were tested in an elutriator 6m high and 500mm in diameter at particle feed rates up to 2 tonnes per hour and velocities of the order of 3ms{-1}. The presence of the baffles significantly reduced the quantity of light particles collected at the bottom, and by permitting operation at velocities lower than otherwise possible, increased the effectiveness of the elutriator at removing heavy tracer particles from the feed. Other aspects of the operation of the elutriator are also discussed.


Electric vehicles (EVs) have been widely deployed in recent years due to their environmental benefits. With maturing battery technology, EVs could act as mobile power sources and hence improve power quality through controlled bidirectional interaction with the power system. This paper explores the possibility of using privately owned EVs to support the grid during the time of weekday domestic peak load based on a proposed charging and discharging rule. In particular, the impact of workplace charging on the potential of grid support capability is investigated for different EVs penetration levels. A time-inhomogeneous Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) model is employed here to simulate the driving patterns based on the UK 2000 Time Use Survey (TUS) data, where four EV states are considered including `driving', `parking at home', `parking at workplace' and `parking at other places'. According to the proposed rule, the charging and discharging profiles that are generated from the MCMC model are then fed to a single-feeder low voltage (LV) UK distribution network model with 42 households to investigate the impact of the grid supporting function of EVs on key system performance measures.


The aim of the paper is to draw up a simplified model of an interaction dynamics in work groups. A work group in this model is considered to be a system whose behaviour can be expressed through four variables which are functions of time; to be specific, by means of: the interaction intensity among the work group members, level of friendly relations among the work group members, level of activity and initiative of the work group members and the level of external pressure of the workgroup's surroundings exerted on the group members. Further, the proposed system of interaction in work groups is investigated from the view of the general theory of system regulation. A regulated system is considered to be a group of workers and the regulated quantity is the level of friendly relations among the group members and/or the level of activity and initiative among the group members. A regulating system consists of a system of conditions present in the group in a certain period of time which affect achieving the equilibrium state of the system. Some dependences resulting from the proposed model are also interpreted.


Supply chain management is an effective strategy of building competitive advantages. It attracts attention of the researchers who try to explain the nature of this concept, to find the determinants of its evolution and to examine the perspectives of its development. One of these perspectives is an integration of marketing and supply chain management. The task of this paper is to investigate the relationship strategies between partners in supply chain through the lense of integration marketing and supply chain management concept. We examine the theoretical foundation of relationship strategies and test our findings on a sample of Russian companies.


Received 6 July 2007 Accepted 9 July 2007 Natural and anthropogenic changes constantly impact the environment surrounding us. Available moisture and energy change due to variability and shifts in climate, and the separation of precipitation into different pathways on the land surface are altered due to wildfires, beetle infestations, urbanization, deforestation, invasive plant species, etc. Many of these changes can have a significant impact on the hydrological regime of the watershed in which they occur (e.g. DeWalle et al., 2000; Porporato et al., 2004; Milly et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2005; Poff et al., 2006; Oki and Kanae, 2006; Hayhoe et al., 2007; Weiskel et al., 2007). Such changes to water pathways, storage and subsequent release (the blue and green water idea of Falkenmark and Rockstroem, 2004) are predicted to have significant negative impacts on water security for large population groups as well as for ecosystems in many regions of the world (e.g. Conway and Toenniessen, 1999; Falkenmark, 2001; Johnson et al., 2001; Sachs, 2007). The growing imbalances among freshwater supply, its consumption, and human population will only increase the problem (Vorosmarty et al., 2000). A major task for hydrologic science lies in providing predictive models based on sound scientific theory to support water resource management decisions for different possible future environmental, population and institutional scenarios. But can we provide credible predictions of yet unobserved hydrologic responses of natural systems? Mathematical models of the terrestrial hydrological cycle are the vehicles that (potentially) enable us to make such predictions (Ewen and Parkin, 1996). These models consist of two elements important for this discussion: (1) model equations (or the model structure), which are the mathematical descriptions of the underlying physical processes; and (2) model parameters, which are the descriptors of the specific physical characteristics of a particular natural system. While most model structures are applicable to a range of systems (e.g. watersheds) with similar dominant processes, most model parameters are specific to a certain system at a certain location (and potentially even at a certain time-period). Assuming, for simplicity, that our knowledge is generally sufficient to select a reasonable model structure to represent a specific natural system (though there might be more than one reasonable choice), then the main task left to the hydrologist is to decide on appropriate model parameters to represent the system at hand. In the case of environmental change impacts, the task is to decide which parameters will change and by how much to reflect the new characteristics of the altered system. This decision requires an understanding of how watershed characteristics relate to model parameters:


Effectiveness as a measure of a transit system's ability to provide an adequate level of service, convenient locations, and characteristic services that meet the objectives and needs of riders, is an important parameter of transit evaluation. The ability of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to support transportation system operations, planning, and management has led the transit industry to employ it for effectiveness evaluation. In the majority of instances, GIS has been used as an enterprise application with adaptation of complex methodologies for data collection, processing and analysis. Not much attention has been given to date to the basic application of GIS as a simple sketch-plan tool for transit route planning and evaluation. This paper examined the development and implementation of GIS as a simple sketch-plan tool to conduct spatial analysis of land use, transit routes, student ridership and bus stop locations of transit systems in college towns in order to improve system effectiveness through low-cost key data collection. The methodology was applied to Tiger Transit of Auburn University in Alabama, which assists students commuting to and from the university. The implemented bus route changes based on the analysis results showed that the effectiveness of this transit system was significantly improved. Transit ridership increased by 23 percent from 13,000 to 16,000 riders per day. The transit routes were able to serve almost 90 percent of the student population with fewer buses, compared to 70 percent before the improvement. In addition, the transit system started to serve commercial locations such as malls, recreational locations, cinemas, and big box stores.


Long-afterglow phosphors of strontium aluminates doped with Yb 3+ and Dy 3+ were prepared via a solid-phase reaction. The starting material powders (SrCO 3, Al(OH) 3 , Eu 2 O 3 , and Dy 2 O 3 ) were pulverized and mixed in a ball mill. The most emissive nominal composition was Sr 3.84 Eu 0.08 Dy 0.08 Al 14 O 25 sintered at 1450 °C in a reducing environment of 3 % H 2 in N 2 for 4 h. When the mixing and sintering cycle was repeated three times, the green emission intensity increased 28 times in comparison with that of the initial cycle. However, the emission intensity further increased to 120 times the initial upon addition of H 3 BO 3 as a flux. The increase in the emission intensity is related to an increase in the presence of Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 and Sr 3 Al 32 O 51 phases. These crystalline phases doped with Yb 2+ and Dy 3+ are the most probable emission centers of the afterglow.


A new and efficient metal-free tandem acylation/cyclization of alkynoates with aldehydes was developed for the synthesis of 3-acyl-4-arylcoumarins. The reaction was achieved by the addition of acyl radical to alkynes and a C-H bond functionalization to form two new C-C bonds simultaneously.


Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize the way we predict and manage energy generation from solar and wind sources. It can greatly enhance the accuracy and scalability of energy prediction in solar and wind power systems. The implementation of advanced machine learning techniques can optimize the performance of these renewable energy systems and predict the variability of energy production. AI-powered algorithms can analyze data from various sources such as weather forecasts and historical energy production data to predict energy generation with increased precision, allowing for optimization of the system's operation. Furthermore, AI can also predict energy demand and adjust energy production, accordingly, resulting in reduced energy waste and increased system efficiency. As the demand for renewable energy continues to rise, the integration of AI in this field becomes increasingly crucial in ensuring a sustainable and dependable energy future. In this research, we investigate the utilization of AI techniques for evaluating the generation of hydrogen from solar and wind power. The results of this study will provide insight into the potential of AI tools for forecasting hydrogen production from solar and wind energy. The amount of hydrogen produced from solar energy is up to 93.3 × 103kg/km2whereas estimated production from wind is 6.7 kg/day. The comparison of the performance of the different machine learning models used in the study will help to identify the most effective method for forecasting hydrogen production in this context. Additionally, the study aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the application of AI in the field of renewable energy and its potential to improve the efficiency, scalability, and reliability of energy systems.


The influence of planar δ-doping on effective parameters of Schottky diodes has been studied by simulations of I–V curves within a drift-diffusion approximation. It is shown that an inserted δ layer with the same type of conductivity as that of the base semiconductor material has no significant influence on the effective Schottky diode parameters. The change of the potential barrier shape with the insertion of the δ-doped layer with the same type of conductivity as the base semiconductor material influences the diode current only slightly. On the other hand, significant changes were found for the Schottky diodes with the opposite type of δ-doped layer conductivity compared to the base semiconductor. The resultant barriers and the ideality factors both increase with increasing distance of the δ-doped layer from the metal–semiconductor interface.


Austempering conditions such as temperature and time and their influence on austempered ductile iron machinability were analyzed. Austenitization at 910°C for 90 min and austempering into molten salt bath at 300°C, 360°C, and 420°C for 30, 60, and 90 min each were performed. Microstructures were analyzed by optical microscopy and hardness measurements. Samples were further machined in a lathe for machinability tests. The lathe was instrumented considering power and cutting time and machinability evaluation performed referring to cutting force and material removal. Microstructures at 300°C for 30 min showed ausferrite with retained austenite and martensite. Retained austenite decreased and acicular ferrite sheaves appeared at 60-min austempering time. Mixed bainite was also present at 90-min austempering. Ausferrite and retained austenite were observed in all austempering periods at 360°C, whereas at 420°C only bainite and fine pearlite were present. Hardness increased with increasing temperature at 30-min austempering and decreased with increasing time. However, an exception was observed at 420°C. The highest machinability performance was achieved at 360°C at 60-min austempering, and the lowest performance at 420°C at 90-min austempering.


OBJECTIVE:To promote the culture of job skills,enhance employment power for the higher vocational pharmacy major student.METHODS:By means of developing training courses of prescription dispensing for higher vocational pharmacy major,the job skills of higher vocational pharmaceutical students were trained,including debiting,censoring,allocating,checking,dispensing and guiding the rational use of drugs in patients.RESULTS CONCLUSIONS:The results showed that the training of prescription dispensing strengthens the cognition of the student to prescription dispensing so as to promote the culture of job skills and enhance employment power through confirming the guideline of teaching,establishing teaching purpose,compiling teaching material,conducting on-the-spot investigation and simulated pharmacy.


The research aims to determine the religious moderation of Islamic religious education (PAI) teachers towards minority Islamic schools of thought. Quantitative research methods, data collection techniques with questionnaires, and data analysis are descriptive-analytic with percentages (%). Three aspects are examined: views on majority Muslims, Shia Islam, and Ahmadiyya, each netted with seven items (total of 21 items). All items have high validity (minimum alpha 0.05) and high reliability (r = 0.94 significant at alpha 0.01). Respondents to the study were 78 high school PAI teachers in the city of Pekanbaru. The study's results showed that most of the Pekanbaru PAI teachers failed to maintain Islamic moderation. They also failed to become preservers of Sunni Islam, which is moderate towards Shia and Ahmadiyya. If this attitude also occurs among Islamic Religious Education teachers in other areas, it is only natural that most students and university students are intolerant of Muslim minorities. Researchers recommend looking for learning models to eliminate negative prejudices and develop religious moderation among Muslims from different schools of thought.


Translation has played a center in human interaction for thousand years. The process of translation does not only translate words from the source language (SL) into target language (TL), but also consider the element and meaning from SL. Before conducting translation, a translator need to know both the source and the target language well, and then decide the technique or procedure that will be used to translate the text.
The objective of this study is to describe the translation procedures used by the sixth semester students of ELT Department Walisongo State Islamic University in the Academic Year of 2016/2017 in translating short story entitled 'The Story of an Hour' by Kate Chopin into Indonesian. This study is expected to give contribution for lecturers, students and readers. In this study, the writer analyzed the procedures using qualitative approach. The data were taken from students' translation of short story entitled 'The Story of An Hour' by Kate Chopin. The data were analyzed using the steps of data identification and data analysis. The students' translation were identified to find the procedures used, then those procedures were classified into the procedures as proposed by Vinay-Darbelnet and the last, were analyzed. As the next steps, the writer counts the percentage of those procedures and elaborates those procedures with their example found in students' translation.


A system of systems (SoS) is comprised of constituent systems that interact with each other to achieve a common goal. An SoS operates in an environment with dynamically changing external conditions. Therefore, supporting the resilience of the SoS is crucial to sustain goal achievement at run-time. One way to support this resilience is to generate an adaptation strategy at run-time that guides the dynamic reconfiguration of the SoS. Therefore, adaptation strategies should be effectively generated within a reasonable time at run-time to conduct the dynamic reconfiguration in time. To satisfy this requirement, we propose an adaptation strategy generation approach that consists of two phases. 1) At design time, our approach constructs a knowledge base that contains adaptation strategies for expected environmental conditions. 2) At/during run-time, it generates adaptation strategies by utilizing the knowledge base. Through a case study, we show that our approach can generate adaptation strategies effectively at run-time.


Abstract Propolis is consist of various amounts of resins and beeswaxes that produced by the honeybees from different natural plants, as leaf buds and flowers. It is a sticky and dark-brown color material that produced by honeybees from natural plants that the bees mixed it with wax and applied it in building, construction and adaptation of the nests specially in repair cracks and defects in the bees hive. They have been used in medical folk or medical traditional since times of ancient. It is now known to be natural medical treatment with, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxiditive, antitumor and mmunomodulatory properties. These medical properties of propolis are motivating isolation researches, identification of the possible relationship of these with its biological activity, and chemical compounds. It was used in dentistry for healing of surgical wound (or post-surgical mouth pain), tooth hypersensitivity, pulp capping and root canal treatment. Propolis has a promising goal in future medically. This research shows the application of propolis, clinically, as a natural dental medicine. Furthermore; systemic and clinical applications of these drugs may have some adverse effects like liver toxicity, drug interactions etc. Using propolis as antifungal by local application shown that it reduces the incidence of dry socket and denture stomatitis that associated with the Candida. In present study, the propolis has been used in the following manner. It is applied to the tissue surfaces of dentures, two times daily for two weeks. Propolis putty can also applied to dry socket cases after complete debridement and irrigation of it. The results showed after use propolis that the signs and symptoms including pain, redness and inflammation areas related stomatitis were gradually disappear, after 2 to 14 days the denture stomatitis is healing by using a propolis paste. Propolis putty has an effect on the fungal infection of dry socket that gradually reduced pain and inflammation until complete healing. Aim of the study, after the treatment of patients with denture stomatitis, they were subjected to examination and evaluation of the mucosa and socket, Candidal quantitative cultures and confirmation the diagnosis by three methods: Germ tube, Gram Stain, and ChromAgar media.


A LMOST every writer on ethics and the theory of value can be classified as either an objective monist or a subjective pluralist. An adequate statement and defense of an objectively pluralistic theory of value seems to have been neglected. Apparently thinkers have assumed that axiological pluralism is inconsistent with axiological objectivism. The present paper will attempt to refute this assumption and to show that pluralism is compatible with objectivism. The arguments which follow are fundamentally methodological rather than metaphysical. We shall argue for pluralism as a description of the apparent facts, but shall neither affirm nor deny the possibility of a monistic interpretation of these facts in a more ultimate metaphysics. We shall show that pluralism does not imply subjectivism, but shall define both subjectivism and objectivism methodologically rather than metaphysically. Let us first define objectivism in the theory of value. Objectivism refers to the following assumption: If I say that this is intrinsically better than that, and you say that the same this is not intrinsically better than that, then one of 1 This paper was read before the Western Division of the American Philosophical Association, at a meeting in Chicago, in March, I92I. It is printed without alteration, although some of the ideas will be developed in slightly different ways in a forthcoming book on the theory of comparative value.


The present invention relates to a portable cosmetics liquid electric mist supply device in advance and stored in a storage container which is detachably coupled to liquid cosmetic products comprising lotion, by discharging a predetermined amount for each use each time using a pump relates to a portable cosmetics liquid electric mist supply device that makes it possible to use erupted Ekikiri (mist)) state of the fine particulate state by ultrasonic means. .BACKGROUND


Physical activity is important to keep both the mind and body healthy and can reduce the risk of diseases later in life such as type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It is therefore important that all individuals have the opportunity to participate in sport and physical activities. Those with limb loss benefit from these activities in the same manner as their able-bodied counterparts, however have less opportunities to participate due to lack of facilities and equipment.

The lack of equipment is more prominent in upper limb than lower limb prosthetics as recreating the many degrees of freedom of the hand is difficult. The issues that come with designing a multi-purpose hand are avoided by creating a different device for each function, especially when it comes to sport. However, there are limited devices available and these are invariably expensive.

This study examined the provision of sports devices for upper limb prosthesis users, and used 3D printing to produce a relatively inexpensive terminal device for use within a minority sport, fencing.

The study employed a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative semi-structured interviews with quantitative motion capture. In the first part, interviews were conducted with professional prosthetists, gathering opinions and experiences with the prescribing and making of sports prosthetic devices.

In the second part of the study, a specialist prosthetic device was made via 3D printing for the sport of fencing. This was then attached to a prosthetic simulator and kinetic data gathered using a Qualisys motion capture system. The motion captured was a basic fencing move, the lunge.

The interviews revealed that most sports prostheses are bespoke and made in clinic workshops. This is a long process each time as there is no standard designs and each user requires slightly different functionality. There are some commercial devices, however they come with high cost and there is little funding available as they are not considered essential items. There may be a place for 3D printing in clinics, however, the issue of safety was brought up by participants.

The 3D printed device conditions produced less compensatory movements than the left-hand condition (when the epee was held in the non-dominant hand) when compared to the gold standard (when the epee was held in the dominant hand). This is despite the rigid nature of the wrist of the device.


Background:  Infection due to community‐acquired strains of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA‐MRSA) has been reported with increasing frequency. Herein is described the nosocomial transmission of CA‐MRSA involving 13 neonates and two mothers in a well‐infant nursery in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.


For theoretical and practical study crop rotation is important to study the influence of plants on allelopathic activity of the soil. Any soil type comprises a number of physiological active substances. Also, physiological-active substances enter the soil to root secretions, excretions, and a mass of land plants. These substances may have fitostimuliruyuschee or fitoingibiruyuschee action. At different stages of ontogenesis of higher plants this action is different, has a strong manifestation of the early stages of ontogeny. The analysis of the content of physiological-active substances in agrotcenoze influence of root exudates and land mass of different plants allelopathic activity on the formation of the soil environment. The greatest phytotoxic effect is observed under the action of secretions of winter wheat, barley and maize. Least of all was the level of toxicity of the soil under legumes. The toxicity of the soil is increased by the end of the growing season. Physiological and biochemical activity of decomposing plant matter is related to the chemical composition of a biomass.


China has abundant organic-rich source rock shales which are prospective for commercial shale gas/oil development but still in the early phase of evaluation and testing. We analyzed petroleum source rock data published in nearly 400 Chinese language papers to construct a unique GIS data base of shale geologic and reservoir properties throughout the country. We then conducted a comprehensive assessment of the country's shale gas and shale oil resource potential. China's risked technically recoverable resources within high-graded prospective areas are estimated at 1,115 Tcf of shale gas and 32 BBO of shale oil resources (Table 1). Of the dozen onshore sedimentary basins that were assessed, the most prospective are Sichuan, Tarim, Junggar, and Songliao. One of the most intriguing prospects is liquids-rich Permian shale on the structurally simple northwest flank of the Junggar Basin. The Pingdiquan/Lucaogou lacustrine shale is about 250 m thick and 3,500 m deep here. TOC averages 5% and the shale is oilprone (R o 0.85%). The area is close to infrastructure. The Sichuan Basin, industry's primary focus for shale gas, has multiple shale targets but also significant geologic challenges, such as numerous faults (some active), often steep dips, high tectonic stress, slow drilling in hard formations, and high H2S and CO 2 in places. Tarim Basin shale targets are mostly too deep (>5 km) apart from uplifts where they may be thin with low TOC. The Songliao Basin has liquids-rich potential in over-pressured and naturally fractured Cretaceous lacustrine shales. However, China's shale oil deposits tend to be waxy and stored mainly in lacustrine-deposited shales, which may be clay-rich and less "frackable" than the low-clay brittle marine shales productive in North America.


The management and optimization of the aqueous phase are the major challenges that hinder the promotion of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) technology on a commercial scale. Recently, many studies reported about the accumulation of the N-content in the bio-crude with continuous recycling of the aqueous phase from high protein-containing biomass. In the present study, sewage sludge was processed at 350 °C in an autoclave. The produced aqueous phase was treated with activated carbon, and its subsequent recycling effect on the properties of the bio-crude and aqueous phase was investigated. By contacting the aqueous phase with activated carbon, 38–43% of the total nitrogen was removed from the aqueous phase. After applying the treated aqueous phase recycling, the energy recovery of the bio-crude increased from 50 to 61% after three rounds of recycling. From overall carbon/nitrogen recoveries, 50 to 56% of the carbon was transferred to the bio-crude phase and more than 50% of the nitrogen remained in the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase contained mostly of N&O-heterocyclic compounds, small chain organic acids, and amides. ICP-AES analysis showed that more than 80% of the inorganic elements were concentrated into the solid phase.


ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal absorption of calcium was measured in patients who had formed renal stones containing calcium by a simple technique based on external counting of the forearm 47Ca radioactivity. The total amount of dietary calcium absorbed was estimated as the product of dietary calcium and fractional calcium absorption. Mean fractional calcium absorption (from a 200-mg calcium load) in control subjects and in patients with normal urinary calcium was 0.456 ± .087 (sd) and 0.460 ± .079, respectively. Estimated calcium absorbed per day in these two groups always exceeded the urinary excretion of calcium. In the patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, the fractional calcium absorption was elevated (0.697 ± .070), and the estimated calcium absorbed per day always exceeded the urinary excretion of calcium; hyperabsorption could therefore fully account for the hypercalciuria. Of 11 patients subsequently shown to have normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism, hyperabsorption of calcium was encountered in 8. I...


The presence of a pentose cycle has been demonstrated in almost all organisms that have been critically examined. However, it is yet to be demonstrated in a saprophytic mold. Sih and Knight (1956) have reported that Penicillium chrysogenum strain NRRL 1951 B25 contained significant quantities of pentose and heptulose phosphates, and Heath and Koffier (1956) showed that ribose-5-phosphate was metabolized by the cell free extracts of P. chrysogenum strain Q176; all of which suggests that the pentose cycle may also be operative in this organism. The present investigation shows the conversion of ribose-5-phosphate to sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, and the conversion of the latter to hexosephosphates.


In this communication, based on the concept of (δ, γ ) -norm entropy, an (δ, γ ) - norm intuitionistic fuzzy entropy measure is introduced in the settings of intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. Some of its major properties are also proved. The performance of the proposed entropy measure is demonstrated using numerical examples. Based on the proposed intuitionistic fuzzy (IF) entropy, a new multiple-attribute decision-making method (MADM) considering the merits of subjective and objective weights has been introduced. Two methods of finding the weights of attributes are discussed. The proposed MADM method is effectively explained with the help of supplier selection example


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to constitute and test a framework of factors that might affect auditors' perceptions of the work needed to audit internet-based financial reports (IBFR). Design/methodology/approach - The paper conducts a questionnaire on practicing auditors from audit firms in Egypt in the year 2007 to examine their perceptions of the work needed to audit IBFR and factors that might affect their perceptions. Findings - The paper portrays total auditors' perceptions as a function of four dimensions. First, auditor personal-specific characteristics (consisting of three variables); second, audit fieldwork-specific characteristics (containing one variable); third, audit firm-specific characteristics (comprising five variables); and fourth, environmental-specific characteristics (consisting of four variables). The analysis of empirical study provides evidence of a significant association between auditors' perceptions of the work needed to audit IBFR and the following factors: auditors' knowledge of inherent risks of internet reporting, quality systems, audit tenure, legal form of client, client industry group, user needs of financial information, and legislation environment. Research limitations/implications - The scope of the survey is limited to a small number of potential participants. Accounting and auditing standards setting environment in Egypt may restrict the generalization of the findings of this paper. Originality/value - This paper enriches the literature on internet reporting and audit tasks by exploring factors that might affect auditors' perceptions of the work needed to audit IBFR. The paper provides evidence that supports Egyptian regulators' initiatives to issue guidelines that cover IBFR, and auditors' responsibilities and the work needed in the audit of IBFR in electronic business environments in an attempt to improve the integrity of financial reporting.


The needs of the Indonesian people for rice make rice as one of the staple ingredients that must always be met every day, food needs cannot be separated from population growth so that an increase in productivity at each rice harvest season is needed in order to meet the rice needs of the Indonesian people which continue to increase from time to time. . This study aims to determine the response of farmers in Debowae Village to the rice transplanter machine. The research was conducted in Debowae Village, Waelata District, Buru Regency. The location selection was carried out intentionally (purposive sampling) with the consideration that Debowae Village is one of the centers of rice production in Waelata District and one of the villages that received rice transplanter machine assistance by the Agriculture Service of Buru Regency. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10 percent, so that from a population of 764 farmers, a sample size of 88 farmers was obtained. The data collected includes primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that the response of farmers to the level of knowledge was quite good. The response of farmers at the attitude level shows that farmers are open to an innovation in their farming activities. Farmers' skills about rice transplanter machines are very decisive in making decisions. Rice Transplanter is a machine for transplanting rice seeds that provides benefits for farmers. Besides being able to save time and energy for farmers in planting rice, this machine can also increase production efficiency due to low planting costs.


2 As is well known, the phosphate linkages of RNA are at the 3' and 5' positions. The 2' isomers arise as artifacts of alkaline hydrolysis by migration of the phosphate to the 2' position. This migration does not occur in the case of a terminal monoesterified phosphate in the 3' position, which yields only 3' isomers on alkaline hydrolysis.3 3 Brown, D. M., and A. R. Todd, in The Nucleic Acids, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, eds. (New York: Academic Press, 1955), vol. 1, p. 409. 4 Sinsheimer, R. L., and J. F. Koerner, J. Biol. Chem., 198, 293 (1952). 5 Cohn, W. E., and Khym, J. X., in Biochemical Preparations, ed. D. Shemin (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1957), vol. 5, p. 40. 6 Smith, J. D., in The Nucleic Acids, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, eds. (New York: Academic Press, 1955), vol. 1, p. 267. 7King, E. J., Biochem. J., 26, 292 (1932). 8 Beaven, G. H., E. R. Holiday, and E. A. Johnson in The Nucleic Acids, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, eds. (New York: Academic Press, 1955), vol. 1, p. 493. 9 In initial experiments, not presented here, we obtained considerably higher weighted means from diesterase hydrolysis than from alkaline hydrolysis. This effect was associated with very high specific activities of adenosine-5'-phosphate. Ou'r enzyme preparation was evidently acting on some impurity present in RNA to give AMP of high specific activity. We found that repeated precipitation of RNA with ethanol removed this impurity, which clings quite tenaciously. 10 Wyatt, G. R., in The Nucleic Acids, E. Chargaff and J. N. Davidson, eds. (New York: Academic Press, 1955), vol. 1, p. 243. 11 Chargaff, E., in The Nucleic Acids, E. Chargaff and'd. N. Davidson, eds. (New York: Academic Press, 1955), vol. 1, p. 307. 12 Miura, K., T. Kitamura, and Y. Kawa4e, Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 27, 420 (1958). 13 We wish to sress that our usagajpf the term "statistically random" does not imply that the sequence is necessarily undefined. At "statistically random" sequence could be replicated as an exact copy duriffrcelINmultipifcation. See ref. 14. 14 Ycas, M., in Symposium on Information Theory in Biology, H. P. Yockey, A. L. Platzman, and H. Quastler, eds. (New York: Pergamon Press, 1958), p. 70. 1I Staehelin, M., Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 29, 43 (1958).


A covariant description of elastic electron scattering from the deuteron is constructed with the spectator or Gross equation [1] which has been used with some success in models of the nucleon‐nucleon interaction [2]. This equation can be related to the Bethe‐Salpeter equation by placing one of the intermediate state particles on the positive energy mass shell. This constraint on the relative energy is manifestly covariant and has the same physical meaning in all reference frames. This simplifies the imposition of the constraint in diagrams representing current matrix elements. The diagrams for the elastic form factors of the deuteron are shown in Fig. 1.


: Water problems arising from the negative effects of climate change will cause serious challenges to cities in the near future. Sudden, heavy rainfall in a short time as well as the summer drought periods can be a major concern for urban water management systems. In addition to overloading the urban sewer system, urban flash floods caused by large amounts of precipitation can lead to serious damage in connection with surface runoff; furthermore, this significant amount of water is removed from the water cycle of the city without utilization (infiltration, storage). Various water management and hydrology models, such as UFORE-Hydro used in our analyses, can serve as suitable tools for investigating these processes. In our research, we examined the role of vegetation covered areas in urban water cycle, paying special attention to their impact on surface runoff. The results of modeling in Szeged sample areas show that vegetation can considerably reduce the volume and amplitude of surface runoff. In the scenario studies, vegetation has always changed the rate of runoff in a favorable direction, thus our findings support the necessity of green infrastructure developments.


Review(s) of: Emigrant clippers to Australia: The Black Ball Line, its operation, people and ships 1852-1871, by Michael Stammers, Barnoldswick, BB18 6XHX England; Milepost Research. 2013, introduction, pp252. illustrations including 4 colour pages, chronology, ship list, bibliography, index. Paper, ISBN 0-9519236-5-X Limited edition - guide price 25 pounds including UK P and P.


Abstract In this issue of BeitraegezurTabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research, we publish a 'Letter to the Editor' written by R. Baker (p. 360). This letter is a reply to a commentary by S. Shatenstein published in Tobacco Control (11, 174-175, 2002) which provided a critique of a review written by Baker on standards for smoking-machine methodology which appeared in this journal (Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20, 23-41, 2002). The reason why we as editors of Beitraege have decided to publish the letter is simple, the editors of Tobacco Control, the appropriate place for publication, did not allow its publication. In the interest of a fair and scientific discussion of this matter, we think that an author whose paper is criticized publicly should have the chance to reply. However, we regret that Shatenstein's critique and Baker's reply might reach totally different readers.


Homework tasks are an essential com ponent of BSFT. Therapists strategically implement tasks to achieve improvements in family interactions that are directly related to the prevention or reduction of adolescent behavior problems. The use of tasks in BSFT is consistent with the model's emphasis on having family members "do" rather than simply "talk about." Tasks are assigned based on the therapist's assessment of family functioning. Early in treatment relatively easier tasks are assigned to foster a sense of success and competence in family members. Later in treatment, tasks tend to be more difficult and complex. In all instances, however, the therapist creates opportunities for family members to practice and demonstrate competence in the task, prior to assigning homework.


This research study seeks to determine the levels of disclosure of corporate sustainability reports published in 2008 that were prepared using these guidelines. Moreover, it examines whether there is a difference in disclosure levels between regions and industries. In addition, this study investigates the relationship between corporate sustainability disclosure level and financial performance, a study which did not yield a conclusive result in past studies.


Geosmin is the main cause of earthy-musty odor in freshwater aquaculture products,which seriously hinders their popularity and development.As food safty,nutrition and flavor has become equally important to general consumers,the presence of this earthy compound,to a certain extent,has a negative impact on the consumption of cultured bighead carp.Hence,attention has been paid to the establishment of a method to detect and remove geosmin.The threshold of the odor for geosmin in water is 20ng/L,but it is lower(measured byμg/L)in fish,which determines the arduous nature of the extraction and enrichment of geosmin.Most of the existing technologies focus on the detection of geosmin in water,such as HS-SPME-GC method,by which the typical odor compounds can be tested with the detection limit of 0.4ng/L,and SPME-GC-MS method,and so on.The present study established a instrumental method to detect geosmin by microwave mediated distillation with headspace solid-phase microextraction(SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrum(GC-MS).Through the improvement for the parameters in microwave distillation and solid-phase micro-extraction,the optimum conditions are defined as follows:the power of microwave is 350W,and the time of distillation is 10min,with 70mL/min nitrogen flow.The time and temperature for extraction is 30min and 60℃,with the stirring speed being 1500r/min.The determination method has low detection limit which is 1.0ng/L for geosmin in fish.In addition,there is significant linear correlation in the range of 5-100ng/L for geosmin,with the correlation coefficient being 0.996.Live bighead carp with body length of 50cm and body weight of(1500±230)g were bought from Nanshan Fish Market in Qingdao in October and were taken as experiment material.With this determination method,the average content of geosmin in bighead carp meat was measured to be 5.4μg/L.The establishment of this method has far-reaching significance for general determination of earthy-musty odors in aquaculture product and it also provides an effective way to remove geosmin in aquaculture products.


Doppler‐derived indexes associated with high left ventricular filling pressures are risk factors for cardiac events in various populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of two of these Doppler indexes during the long‐term follow‐up of heart transplantation.


The case described corresponds to a grade G2 urothelial tumor with stage pTa extension (according to the World Health Organisation classification). After transurethral resection of the tumor and treatment by Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), the efficacy of treatment was evaluated by cystoscopy, standard cytology, flow cytometry or image analysis. According to these various methods it has been shown that a normal cystoscopy may or may not be associated with aneuploidy revealed by flow cytometry. Such a case clearly illustrates the value of combining macroscopic examination and a cytologic analysis in particular by flow cytometry in order to increase the accuracy of diagnosis and to evaluate without ambiguity the efficacy of treatment.


One of the challenging problems in the case of aircraft failure is to determine the new altered dynamics of the impaired aircraft. Among various methods, neural networks and neuro-fuzzy systems can be used for high-fidelity modeling of the aircraft nonlinear dynamics with the aim of onboard applications in real time. However, the method with better generalization capability is more preferred specifically in the case of unpredicted aircraft failures. Generalization of a network is mainly dependent on the network's parameters, the employed training algorithm, and the amount of training data. In this paper, several neural networks and local model networks are trained using different training algorithms and different amounts of training data to model the nonlinear dynamics of an impaired aircraft with the damaged rudder. These networks are compared based on their generalizations to the new cases of rudder failure. The effect of using different amounts of training data on the generalization capability and performance of the networks has also been investigated. The results of this paper show that both network types have good performance but neural networks generalize better to the new failure cases than local model networks. Also based on the obtained results, a significant reduction in the number of training samples could be accomplished without a considerable decrease in the network's performance and generalization. Finally, a neural network-based sensitivity analysis method is proposed which utilizes the network's regression equation as an emulator for fast model evaluations and can be used as an advisory tool for choosing safer path planning strategies.


Part 1 Introduction: Treasures in the deep sea The fundamentals and fun of biocatalysis Marine biocatalysts and their stability: molecular approach Marine enzymes with applications for biosynthesis of fine Chemicals. Part 2 Sources of marine enzymes: Metagenomic strategies for the discovery of novel enzymes with biotechnological application from marine ecosystems Bioprocess engineering approaches for the production of marine enzymes Diversity, population dynamics and biocatalytic potential of cultivable and non- cultivable bacterial communities of the saline ecosystems Actinomycetes from marine habitats and their enzymatic potential. Part 3 Bioprocesses and biocatalytic characteristics: Three types of proteolytic enzymes in hepatopancreas of Japanese common squid Todarodes pacifi cus as studied by degradation of fish muscle proteins Stereoselective synthesis using marine enzymes Tannase-source, biocatalytic characteristics, and bioprocesses for Production Biosynthesis and degradation of bioactive imidazole- related dipeptides Polysaccharide- degrading enzymes from herbivorous marine invertebrates Marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria Ligninolytic enzymes from marine- derived fungi: Production and applications Polysaccharide- degrading enzymes from marine bacteria The biosynthesis of trehalose and sugar- glycerate compatible solutes in organisms that live in hot and saline environments.


. The evaluation of an emergency drill is the key to testing the quality of the emergency plan and investigating the effect of the emergency drill. In this paper, taking the evaluation of cross-sea cluster facilities as the research subject, the emergency drill content was analyzed, and a comprehensive evaluation index system of emergency drills got established from four aspects: the scientificity of emergency plans U 1 , the rationality of emergency drill organization U 2 , the effectiveness of drill execution U 3 and the post-drill evaluation and optimization effectiveness U 4 . The analytic network process (ANP) and entropy weight method were next used to calculate the subjective weights and objective weights respectively, and the combined weights are obtained based on the minimum deviation theory. Then, the improved two-tuple linguistic information evaluation model was employed to evaluate the emergency drill. Finally, by illustrating the emergency drilloftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,theapplicationpracticeanddemon-strationoftheevaluationmethodwerecarriedout.Theapplicationsuggeststhat theproposedemergencydrillevaluationindexsystemandevaluationmethodcan bewellappliedtoemergencydrillsandrealizethecontinuousoptimizationofthe emergencyplan.


"The abstract refers to the category Projects and Trends and fulfils the criteria in the fields: Pedagogic innovations, new learning and teaching models, inclusive and special education, educational projects. The presentation shows ways that make it possible to sustainably provide gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate educational opportunities in early childhood in order to subsequently be able to prepare girls for changed educational paths. The starting point is a project submitted to the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Germany), in which a structured programme is to be developed that allows educational professionals to be won over for gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate educational offers in child day care, and to strengthen and further develop their competences. Already in early childhood, important foundations are laid for independent participation in society in adulthood. The aim of the project is to address science as a field of work for girls in which they meet role models (female scientists). First of all, existing educational offers are identified and in a further step, the testing of possible gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate educational assignments for professional practice is scientifically accompanied and evaluated. The guiding research questions are: - How do educational or research motivations arise in girls? - How can girls be prepared for their future tasks in science? - Which competences of girls should be perceived, communicated and positively evaluated in order to change gender-specific (role) expectations and individual creative spaces? - How can educational professionals act in a gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate way and through which competences is early gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate education made possible? - How can female scientists raise their profile outside the scientific community and thus become role models for girls? The basis of the research design is an ethnographic observation of pre-school girls in different day-care centres in order to identify their ideas about later careers. Based on the results, female researchers from the corresponding domains are to be specifically acquired to serve as role models for the girls and to describe their life paths. At the same time, educational professionals will be trained as multipliers in order to implement the project permanently."


The experiment system of high-speed flexible planar 3-RRR parallel robot is built on the "IPC+PMAC" control kerol kernel and "RTLinux" development platform. The key functions for architecture homing and limiting,trajectory planning and control,and the system status monitoring have been implemented. The experiment and simulation results show that the system has high stability,openness and real-time performance. It can satisfy the experimental requirements of high speed,high acceleration and flexible planar 3-RRR parallel robot.


. The article aim is to determine the type of audit conducted among the agro-food companies from Cluj County. The term of audit is used for identifying a certification process. The last century represented a period of audit expansion and diversification. A survey has been performed on a sample of forty-six agro-food companies from Cluj County using a questionnaire with thirty-two questions. The sample volume was determined using the criteria of the company age on the market, essential when it comes of the audit process. Results indicate that the accounting-financial audit is mostly conducted among the agro-food companies while the judicial and informatical audit are the least conducted. The desire for legal certification among the agro-food industry in Cluj is not determined by legal constraints. Three conditions were checked (number of employs, turnover and total actives). Conclusions show that none of the companies fulfilled the three criteria.


Drawed up through referring of JIS G 4311,GB/T 1221-1992 is available with other standards of development countries.The standard belongs to common level in the world.Some technical requires of macrostructure and chemical composition are international advanced level.