Poland is an attractive market for e-business. It is one of the largest and fastest-developing countries of the European Union. Soon, it may advance from the position of digital challengers to most digitally-advanced economies of Europe, which are called digital leaders. In Poland over 30 million of people have Internet access and this number is still growing. According to the forecasts in the near future all the Polish households will be able to access the global network. The duration and scope of using the Internet is extending as the new generation of its users is entering the market. Driven by the fact that the Polish society is becoming wealthier the demand for electronic equipment, software as well as products and services offered online is increasing. One of the conditions that needs to be fulfilled in order to satisfy properly the needs and requirements of Polish Internet users is recognising their preferences and behaviours. For instance, only a half of them purchases goods in e-shops. Also, over a half of the population of Poland does not like advertisements, which does not favour shopping of this kind. Moreover, a significant percentage of consumers abstain completely from buying excessively advertised goods. The underlying objective of the paper is to present a supported by the survey characteristics of Polish Internet users, who represent Central and Eastern Europe. This may constitute an inspiration for further scientific exploration of this community, a starting point for comparing behaviours of Internet users in other countries and also serve as a valuable resource of information for e-business oriented on Poland and countries of Central and Eastern Europe.


In this paper, the weighted couple-group consensus is investigated for a kind of continuous heterogeneous multi-agent systems in the cooperation-competition networks with time-delay. A novel weighted couple-group consensus protocol is proposed on basis of self-adaptive and cooperative-competitive mechanism. In this novel couple-group control protocol, self-adaptive regulation, weighted-distribution, cooperation-competition, position and velocity are considered. By applying the graph theory, complex frequency analysis method and linear algebra theory, some sufficient conditions have been given to guard the success of the couple-group consensus for this kind of heterogeneous multi-agent systems. Furthermore, the upper limit of the time delay may be computed if the weighted parameters are determined. The results show that the multi-agent system can converge to couple-group consensus state only if the upper bound input time-delay is satisfied the given time span. Some simulation examples show the validity of the obtained results.


In Bangladesh, diabetes mellitus is a substantial public health concern, and its prevalence is rising steadily. Many other mechanisms can cause diabetes in childhood; most children develop type 1 diabetes mellitus primarily due to immune system-mediated β cell death, while type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance-related β cell failure. The long-term effects of micro and macrovascular illnesses impose a tremendous strain on those frequently affected early in middle age. The increased prevalence of diabetes in children and the excessive morbidity linked to its effects highlight the significance of preventive measures for future generations. It is essential to look into the possibilities for improvement in school-oriented diabetes management interventions. Consistent engagement and communication on diverse theoretical concepts, performing exploratory assessments to guide interventions, and conducting an operational valuation are necessary to enhance these programs. Furthermore, it is required to identify the significant challenge of the general food milieu and its influence on children's diets with more participation from related parties like families, stores, and supermarkets. The fast urbanization of Bangladesh may affect the local population's way of living, there may be a genetic predisposition to diabetes in the country, or both could be responsible for the growth in childhood diabetes mellitus.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 02 April'23 Page : 249-255


Multitarget tracking problems arise in situations where the intertarget distances are of the same order of magnitude as the variance of the targets' estimated positions. In a network of surveillance sensors, where each sensor "pretracks" the multitarget data, the problem replicates itself at the point where fusion of data from all sources is carried out. This paper discusses such problems from the standpoint of a specific algorithm and a specific situation: decision directed multitarget tracking as applied to multisensor ocean surveil-Iance.


The development of modern logistics in Guangzhou has some favorable conditions such as position,market,traffic and policies,but at the same time there are some unfavorable factors.Therefore,it is necessary to take corresponding measures to vigorously promote the development of modern logistics then we can provide an international logistics hub in Guangzhou.


In this paper we define those mathematical notions and terms that are useful about ACO and the relationships between ACO and other frameworks for optimization and control. This chapter defines and discusses the characteristics of: (i) the combinatorial optimization problems addressed by ACO, (ii) construction heuristics for combinatorial problems, (iii) the equivalence between solution construction and sequential decision process (iv) the graphical tools (state graph and construction graph) that can be used to represent and reason on the structure and dynamics of construction processes. GJRE-J Classification : FOR Code : 230202 Study of Mathematical Model and Ant Colony Optimization ACO Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of : Study of Mathematical Model and Ant Colony


The immunodepressive effect of transplanted methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma cells on the humoral response to alum BSA could be potentiated by delaying the injection of antigen until several days after tumour transplantation. Cell transfer studies indicated that the spleen cells from animals exhibiting depressed responses to BSA were as effective as normal spleen cells at restoring the response to this antigen in sublethally irradiated syngeneic recipients. Other experiments showed that the simultaneous administration of tumour cells preferentially suppressed the IgG1 splenic PFC response to SRBC, while in animals with established tumours the IgM and IgG2b responses to this antigen were elevated. There was no evidence that simultaneously transplanted or established tumour depressed the PFC response of draining lymph nodes following SRBC challenge.


Thermomechanical characteristics of the gas flow at the turbocharger compressor outlet largely determine the quality of the intake process in piston engines with boost. The article presents the results of an experimental study of gas-dynamics and heat transfer of gas flows after compression in a turbocharger centrifugal compressor. A brief description of the experimental setup, the configuration of pipes under investigation, the measuring system and the experimental features are given. The studies were carried out on a free compressor, i.e. without considering the piston part. Different conditions in the compressor outlet channel were created by installing special nozzles with different hydraulic resistances. It has been established that the local heat transfer increases from 23 to 46 % with an increase in the turbocharger rotor speed, depending on the outlet channel configuration. It should be noted that an increase in rotor speed is also accompanied by an increase in air flow through the channel. The increase in flow rate was from 10 to 42 %.


A155 Tamoxifen (TAM) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator widely used in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Breast cancer patients treated with TAM for 5 years exhibit a 30-50% reduction in both the rate of disease recurrence after 10 years of patient follow-up, and in the occurrence of contralateral breast cancer. The major hydroxylated metabolites, 4-hydroxy (OH)-TAM and 4-OH-N-desmethylTAM (endoxifen), exhibit up to 100 times the anti-estrogenic activity of TAM itself. In patients treated with TAM, there is substantial inter-individual variability in cancer response, development of resistance to TAM therapy, and in the incidence of TAM-induced adverse events, including deep vein thrombosis, hot flashes, and the development of endometrial cancer. A major mode of metabolism of TAM, 4-OH-TAM, and endoxifen is by glucuronidation via the UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family of enzymes. Polymorphisms in the UGT enzymes responsible for the glucuronidation of TAM and its metabolites play an important role in inter-individual differences in TAM metabolism, and may potentially play an important role in inter-individual variability in patient response to TAM. Previous studies have shown UGT2B7 to be the most active hepatic UGT against 4-OH-TAM and endoxifen in vitro and the UGT2B7268Tyr variant results in lower activity against these substrates as compared to its wild-type UGT2B7268His counterpart. The present study examined the correlation between UGT2B7 codon 268 genotypes and liver microsomal activities against trans-4-OH-TAM and trans-endoxifen. Seventy-two human liver microsomes, prepared from adjacent normal liver specimens obtained during surgery from individual patients undergoing resection for hepatocellular carcinoma, were screened for glucuronidation activity against trans-4-OH-TAM and trans-endoxifen and analyzed by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography. The corresponding genomic DNA from each individual was analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for the UGT2B7 codon 268 polymorphism. The rate of O-glucuronidation was 31% and 27% lower, respectively, in individuals homozygous for the UGT2B7 (Tyr/Tyr) genotype for trans-4-OH-TAM and trans-endoxifen, respectively, as compared to subjects with the UGT2B7 (His/His) genotype (p-value


In this paper, two kinds of advanced powder processing techniques Metal Injection Molding (MIM) and Direct Laser Forming (DLF) are introduced to fabricate complex shaped Ti alloy parts which are widely used for medical and aerospace applications. The MIM process is used to strengthen Ti-6Al-4V alloy compacts by addition of fine Mo, Fe or Cr powders. Enhanced tensile strength of 1030 MPa with 15.1% elongation was obtained by an addition of 4 mass%Cr because of the microstructural modification and also the solution strengthening in beta phase. However, their fatigue strength was lower compared to wrought materials, but was improved by HIP. Subsequently, the effect of feeding layer height (FLH) on the characteristics of the DLF compacts was investigated. In the case of 100 FLH, surface roughness was improved and nearly full density (99.8%) was obtained. Also, tensile strength of 1080 MPa was obtained, which is higher than the ASTM value.


ATM To investigate the genotoxicity of defibrase modified with polyethylene glycol.METHODS Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation test(also known as Ames test),in vitro CHO cells chromosome aberration test and mouse bone marrow micronucleus test were used to investigate the genotoxicity of defibrase modified with polyethylene glycol.RESULTS The results of Ames test showed that no change in mean number of revertants per plate in TA97,TA98,TA100,TA102 and TA1535 strains were observed with or without metabolic activation S9 at the dosage of 100,20,4,0.8 and 0.16 U per plate compared to the solvent control.The results in vitro of CHO cell chromosome aberration test indicated that doses of 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 U·mL-1 had no statistical difference(P 0.05)compared with solvent control in the aberration rates of CHO cells cultured for 24 h with exposure in the metabolic activation S9,or cultured for 24 h and 48 h with or without exposure in the metabolic activation S9(P 0.05).In the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test,doses of 425,850,1700 U·kg-1 did not increase the number of micronuclei in ICR mice(P 0.05).CONCLUSION Defibrase modified with polyethylene glycol were not genotoxic under the conditions of the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation test,in vitro CHO cells chromosome aberration test or mouse bone marrow micronucleus test.It showed that defibrase modified with polyethylene glycol had no genotoxicity under the conditions of the experiment.


In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework (conceptualization and formalization) which seeks to model obesity as a process of transformation of one's own body determined by individual (physical and psychological), inter-individual (relational, i.e., relative to the relationship between the individual and others) and socio-cultural (environmental, i.e., relative to the relationship between the individual and his milieu) factors. Individual and inter-individual factors are tied to each other in a socio-cultural context whose impact is notably related to the visibility of any body being exposed on the public stage in a non-contingent way. The question we are dealing with in this article is whether such kind of social diseases, i.e., depending upon socio-environmental exposure, can be considered as "contagious". In other words, can obesity be propagated from individuals to individuals or from environmental sources over a whole population?


Dyes are the most challenging pollutants for the aquatic environment that are not only toxic, but also interfering photosynthesis as light penetration into deep water is changed. A number of methods are used for the water reclamation, however, among them biological methods are preferably used due to their compatibility with nature. In the present research, 15 different bacterial strains were used to decolorize Brown 706 dye. Among the bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed maximum decolorization activity; hence in the subsequent experiments Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used. First the decolorization activities were carried out under different physicochemical conditions to obtain the optimum decolorization benefits of the selected microorganism. The optimum conditions established were 37°C, pH of 7 and operation cycle time 72 h. In the subsequent experiment all optimum conditions were combined in a single experiment where 73.91% of decolorization efficiency was achieved. For the evaluation of metabolites formed after decolorization/degradation the aliquots containing bacteria were homogenized, filtered and then subjected to extraction. The extracted metabolites were then subjected to the silica gel column isolation. UV–Vis, FTIR, and NMR techniques were used to elucidate structures of the metabolites. Out of the collected metabolites only P-xylene was identified, which has been formed by cleavage of azo linkage by azo reductase enzyme of bacteria following the deamination and methylation of nitro substituted benzene ring.


This paper presents a high speed parallel segmented capacitive DAC that is implemented in a 10-bit 150MSample/s successive approximation register (SAR) ADC. Compared to converters that use the conventional structure, the speed of converting one bit digital code can be 4 times faster while the power remains relatively low. In the switching procedure, a small capacitor array is used to determine the high weight codes. A parallel capacitor array structure is used to reduce the mismatch and kickback noise effect caused by the small capacitor array. A prototype 10-bit 150MS/s SAR ADC with the parallel segmented capacitor array is implemented in 65nm CMOS technology. The ADC achieves an SFDR of 83.77 dB and 9.78-bit ENOB with only 1.476mW power consumption at a 1.2-V supply, resulting in a figure of merit (FOM) of 11.19 fJ/conversion-step.


Simulation Framework is a basic software tool used to develop simulation applications. This paper describes the development of a discrete event simulation framework based on DEVS(Discrete EVent System Specification) formalism, using MATLAB language which is widely used in technical computing and engineering disciplines. The newly developed framework utilizing MATLAB object oriented programming combines the convenience of MATLAB language and the sophisticated architecture of the DEVS formalism. Hence, it supports the productivity, flexibility, extensibility that are required for the simulation application software development of the weapon systems engagement. Moreover, it promises a simulation application the increased the computation speed proportional to the number of CPU of a multi-core processor, providing the batch simulation functionality based on MATLAB parallel computing technology


ABSTRACT: Beef stored under light had higher TBA values and more volatile compounds than beef in the dark for 8 d at 4 °C (P < 0.05). Beef inoculated with Acinetobacter species had more bacterial growth, better acceptable sensory score, and fewer volatile compounds than beef inoculated with Pseudomonas putrifaciens (P < 0.05). Even though the growth of Acinetobacter spp. was 74 times more than that of Pseudomonas putrifaciens, the TBA values with Acinetobacter spp. increased only 60% of that with Pseudomonas putrifaciens after 8 d. Types of bacteria seem to be more important in lipid oxidation than numbers.


This paper assesses the extent of change in the production structure of the Maltese Economy on the basis of three symmetric input-output tables via the application of hypothetical extraction analysis.


How to strengthen the higher education of engineering in universities is a long - standing problem. North U-niversity for Minorities has found a Lab of simulation training. Though simulation training, we had attained the very good teaching effectiveness. The Simulator software has the features of highly man - machine interaction, multi - functions , evaluating the operation level automatically, real plant background and " easy - to - use". To introduce the simulation training to higher education of engineering is a revolution. Our application shows that simulation training is an effective way for higher education of engineering.


Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) is a chain-like disaccharide that is linked to a polypeptide core to connect two collagen fibrils/fibers and provide the intermolecular force in a Collagen-GAG matrix which can be a valuable treatment of post-burn contractures and hypertrophic scars, which remain a challenge to reconstructive surgery. The face and neck contractures are the most difficult sites to treat. This article is meant to discuss our clinical experience in using collagen-glycosaminoglycan biodegradable matrix (Integra® Integra Lifesciences Corporation, Plainsboro, NJ, USA) to reconstruct defects created by excision of contracted areas from the neck and lower face areas. Between 2009 and 2011, we had 11 patients that underwent Integra reconstructive procedures. The mean follow-up period was 18 months. For all the patients, the intake of the Integra dermal regeneration template was 100%, even if one patient developed a minor infection treated with appropriate antibiotics. The patients are very satisfied with the result. A minor problem was a small difference in skin color, but this inconvenience was compensated by good skin elasticity.


tions on the basis of law and justice," would be to encourage the formation of societies of international law in the different countries of LatinAmerica. Accordingly, and in pursuance of the purpose expressed in the Society's constitution to co-operate with societies in other countries having the same objects, the Committee, as an inducement to the formation of such societies, provided that the price of subscription of the Spanish edition of the AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, including the Proceedings, to societies of international law in LatinAmerica having a membership of at least twenty-five members, shall be four dollars per annum, postage prepaid. I t is gratifying to note that this wise forethought of the Committee has produced results, for the formation of societies of international law in Latin-America has already begun. The American Society of International Law is to be congratulated upon this great opportunity to carry out a project which promises to play such an important part in promoting the friendly relations between the American Republics. For the first time, an organ has been established, printed in the languages common to the various countries of the Western Hemisphere, through the columns of which there may be an interchange of the views of the leaders of thought in the realms of international law and diplomatic relations from which there should result a clear and sympathetic understanding of the international problems which confront them.


Articular cartilage (AC) is avascular and aneural tissue that covers the ends of long bones. The function of AC is to reduce the stresses exposed on the subchondral bone and to minimize the friction between the articulating bones during locomotion. Osteoarthritis (OA) is globally the most common joint disease. In OA, cartilage degeneration causes pain and leads to decreased joint mobility. AC is mainly composed of collagen, proteoglycans (PGs) and interstitial water. The early OA changes in the composition of AC occur before there are any clinical signs of the disease. Characterization of these changes is essential if one wishes to understand the disease. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging is a powerful tool for chemical analysis at the microscopic level. In AC, high specificity in the FTIR spectroscopic parameters for collagen and PGs is required. This thesis work compared the FTIR spectroscopic analysis methods for compositional analysis of AC. Another aim was to analyze the interrelationships between the spectroscopic data and biomechanical properties of AC. The results show that important information about the biochemical composition of AC can be extracted from the FTIR spectra. The biochemical specificity can be optimized with the use of multivariate regression methods and the results further improved with variable selection algorithms. The biomechanical properties can also be predicted from FTIR spectra with similar or better specificity than with the previous biochemical methods. Due to the complex structure of AC, the average composition cannot fully explain its biomechanical properties. Subsequently, the model may be further improved by inclusion of a layered tissue structure with a variable composition and collagen network orientation in the depth-wise direction. Universal Decimal Classification: 543.42 National Library of Medicine Classification: QT 36, QU 55.3, WE 300, WE 348, WN 180 Medical Subject Headings: Cartilage, Articular; Microscopy; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Collagen; Biomechanics; Multivariate Analysis; Regression Analysis; Osteoarthritis/diagnosis Yleinen suomalainen asiasanasto: nivelrusto; mikroskopia; spektroskopia; kollageenit; biomekaniikka; monimuuttujamenetelmät; regressioanalyysi; nivelrikko diagnoosi


Fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) extraction in a non-invasive way has a vital role in medical diagnosis during pregnancy. Though there has been significant progress in adult electrocardiography, the analysis of fetal ECG is still in its rudiments. The existing methods for fetal ECG analysis are the invasive ones that cause severe infection to the uterine area being crucial for both mother and prenate yielding the necessity of non-invasive methods. In this paper, a non-invasive method is proposed to extract FECG from maternal abdominal ECG (AECG) which starts with the data collection followed by the pre-processing of the data, maternal QRS detection from the pre-processed data and finally fetal ECG extraction & fetal heart rate (FHR) estimation from the data after maternal QRS is properly removed. This method showed very good accuracy when compared to many previous works as mentioned in the paper.


Recent research on semantic search methods has given rise to a number of large graph-based knowledge repositories which could form the basis of semantic search engines, fully capable of finding and ranking facts. Similar to traditional Web search, the ranking provided may prove to be satisfactory on average, however just as in other types of knowledge bases, personalization could be highly beneficial in ensuring that the result ordering is truly relevant to the specific user. While a significant amount of work has been done in the areas of personalization on the Web, XML search and databases, this thesis for the first time addresses the issue of personalizing query results in the specific setting of graph-based knowledge bases. The two main issues in personalization are explored in detail: i) the construction of a user profile including a spreading activation methodology and a relation similarity measure for the inference of user interests and ii) the formal description of a model for personalized scoring based on that profile. We present techniques that fully exploit the properties of graph-based knowledge repositories and validate the proposed approach with initial experimental results.


70. Information about chemicals not included in Table I or Table II of the 1988 Convention but nonetheless used in the illicit manufacture of controlled drugs is shared with INCB pursuant to article 12, subparagraph 12 (b), of that Convention. While such reporting is mandatory, Governments have some leeway in what they consider "sufficiently significant to be brought to the attention of the Board". In addition, the identification of non-scheduled chemicals presents challenges in that products found in clandestine laboratories often lack labelling and that smuggled consignments are often mislabelled and/or misdeclared. In addition, there are forensic challenges. Nevertheless, INCB would like to remind Governments that comprehensive reporting on form D of information regarding non-scheduled substances and of circumstantial information is critical to establishing trends. Without the sharing of such information, new trends in precursor trafficking and illicit drug manufacture cannot be identified and addressed at an early stage and globally.


Objective: This study aimed to identify the lesions detected on wrists during the medical examination under custody, distinguish the plastic handcuff wound, identify the origin of the lesion, and introduce a multidisciplinary approach with neurology and psychiatry clinics. Material and Methods: A total of 40 people who were plastic handcuffed, 13 females and 27 males, and a total of 62 people who were metal handcuffed, 21 females and 41 males, were included in the study. Wrist and hand examination was performed. Skin findings were addressed in three ways as "no damage", "the epidermis is damaged", and "the dermis is damaged". "Handcuff neu - ropathy" was looked for in neurological examination. Test subjects who have both skin damage and neuropathy were considered as "mix-type". Plastic handcuffed group and metal handcuffed group were dealt separately for comparison. Results: Line-shaped skin damage at the antero- medial of the wrist was found in all plastic handcuffed test subjects. According to the type of handcuff, statistically significant difference was found between the damage situations (p<0.01); plastic handcuff injury rate is higher than the metal handcuff; epidermis damage and mix-type damage rate caused by plastic handcuff is higher than the metal handcuff. Handcuff neuropa - thy for both sexes was seen in six plastic handcuffed cases (15%); in five metal ha ndcuffed cases (8.1%). Conclusion: The sign of plastic handcuff should be carefully evaluated in wrist injuries, and its photographs should be taken. We believe that, if handcuff neuropathy is determined dur - ing neurology consultation, it should be documented by electromyography and a detailed psy - chiatric examination must be performed.


Colloidal paste of TiO2 embedded with graphene (GS) was fabricated and used to spread TiO\(_2\) film photo-electrode of DSSC solar cells. The dye N179 and Iodine-based electrolyte were used in the DSSC solar cells. Raman scattering, SEM images were used to identify the material phases and microstructure of the film photo-electrode. I/V characteristics of the DSSC cells were recorded at room temperature. Open-circuit voltage Voc, short-current \(J_{sc}\) and efficiency η of the DSSC cells were estimated. It shows that graphene addition has affected on \(V_{oc}\),\(J_{sc}\) and \(\eta\). The \(V_{oc}\),\(J_{sc}\) and \(\eta\) abnormally depend on graphene content. The efficiency reached a maximal value with graphen concentration of 0.005 wt %, after that decreased. It is supposed to be related with an improving the charge transfer in the working photo-electrode of DSSC.


OBJECTIVE
To prepare Microcystins-LR (MC-LR) conjugates with the carrier protein for developing a new immune assay for MC-LR.

METHODS
MC-LR was coupled to BSA or KLH by "activated ester" and "water-soluble carbodimide". Measure the combine ratio of MC-LR with KLH or BSA by the UV scanning or the Bradford's method.

RESULTS
The results are 9.1 and 9.4. New Zealand rabbits was immunized by MC-LR-KLH. The titer of the polyantibodies was over 25,600 measured by id ELISA.

CONCLUSION
MC-LR-KLH was proved the suitable immunogen against MC-LR.


Taking resettlement ecological agriculture park construction as background,we expound the evaluation index system of ecological agriculture park,including theoretic basis,evaluating content,etc.Based on the evaluation index system and adopting AHP method,we built comprehensive benefits evaluating system composed of economic benefit,social benefit,ecological environmental benefit,resettlement benefit to provide reference for construction of resettlement ecological agriculture park.Through this method,we can evaluate the planning,construction and management of ecological agriculture park more precisely,guide the planning of park and evaluate the results;therefore,the development of agriculture park can be accelerated and improved.


The Land Transport Safety Authority (LTSA)has a policy of allowing second-hand vehicles to be imported into New Zealand. Current policy in this country requires airbags to be reinstalled when they have been deployed, following a crash or for some other reason if the vehicle was originally certified to comply with a frontal impact standard. Given the governments policy of "Safety at Reasonable Cost", it is important to demonstrate the likely benefits and costs associated with this policy. The Monash University Accident Research Centre (MUARC) undertook an economic analysis of re-fitting airbags in vehicles where they had been fitted as original equipment but since were not operative or replaced following a crash. A Harm analysis was undertaken to estimate the likely benefits for New Zealand. Findings showed that the break-even figure for mandating airbag replacement varied from between 5 and 16 years, depending on the cost of replacement and the discount rate for future earnings. The total system-wide benefits of airbags in both new and used vehicles in New Zealand was shown to vary from a Benefit-Cost-Ratio (BCR) of 2.4 to 3.4 for the same figures. (a)


Importance,scientific significance of studying quark mass,and the production mechanisim of quark mass have been pointed out.The quark mass is defined by quark propagator and from this definition we calculate effective mass of quark.Finally we also point out some open problems and perspective of this research field.


Describes a series of searches carried out during March 1993 to evaluate the Textline database as it is loaded or is gatewayed on Data-Star, DIALOG, FT PROFILE, MAID and NEXIS. Identifies differences in the number of records retrieved from the various hosts, and, where differences were found, ascertains their nature. The authors examine the differences in some detail and put forward reasons for them.


Abstract In 1932, the magazine Abel's Photographic Weekly included an article by Lilian Sabine in its Women's Page section about a young photographer by the name of Stella Simon, who was just beginning to make a name for herself in New York. Simon was described as 'a Southern woman' who although a 'devotee' of photography for several years, had not taken it seriously as a profession until the death of her husband in 1917. Sabine points out that although Simon did the 'usual thing' of studying photography with Clarence H. White, she also did the 'unusual thing' of making an avant-garde film in Germany before returning to New York to become a commercial photographer. Appearing alongside the 'Among Us Girls!' column that announced the advancements of women in the world of professional photography, the story of Stella Simon and her work was told in three parts in the September and October issues.


This paper presents a high dynamic range pixel circuit with high-voltage protection for 128×128 Linear-mode avalanche photodiode (LM-APD) array. The pixel circuit includes a high-voltage transistor, a pixel-level analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a high-voltage protection circuit based on circuit-shared. Through circuit-shared, the pixel-level A/D conversion and high-voltage protection are completed efficiently. Meanwhile, the dynamic range of the entire circuit is greatly improved. The chip is designed in 0.18µm CMOS process. The frame rate is 100Hz and the resolution is 16bit. The simulation results indicate that the dynamic range is 94dB and the power consumption is 5µW per pixel. The pixel pitch is 100µm, which can be reduced further with smaller APD detector.


To avoid preprocessing of noisy data, two special denoising layers based on wavelet multiresolution analysis are integrated into the layered neural networks. A gradient based learning algorithm is developed which uses the same cost function for setting both the neural network weights and the free parameters of denoising layers. The proposed layers, integrated into feedforward and recurrent neural networks, are validated on time series prediction problems: the Feigenbaum sequence, the rubber hardness time series and the yearly average sunspot number. It is shown that the introduced denoising layers improve the prediction accuracy in both cases.


Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is a complex genetic disorder with either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive inheritance, with autosomal dominant being more frequent. Autosomal dominant DRD is known to be caused by mutations in the GCH1 gene, with incomplete penetrance frequently reported, particularly in males. Here, we report a male patient with DRD caused by exon 1 deletion in the GCH1 gene inherited from the asymptomatic mother. The patient had an atypical presentation, notably with no dystonia, and underwent extensive workup for a myriad of neuromuscular disorders before a low-dose L-dopa trial and confirmatory genetic testing were performed. Our experience with this family highlights an atypical presentation of DRD and prompts us to consider the genetic complexity of DRD.


Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations are extensively used in tube manipulation processes such as tube drawing, sinking and extrusion.FEA is one of the most important methods to simulate metal forming. This work aims to find the best geometry of die and plug to reduce the drawing force, and also find the residual stresses in the tube using FEA. Die has been designed with different semi-die angle and plug configurations which are all analyzed through FEA. Geometric, contact to contact surface and material nonlinearity are involved in this problem. The material of pipe used is steel, die and plug material used is tungsten carbide. In tube drawing, the optimum semi-die angles are identified using FEA. In this work, the cold drawing of tubes with fixed plug was simulated by using the commercial software Altair Hyper mesh for pre-processing and Simuilia Abacus for solving and post processing of this study. The project intends to determine the drawing force and stress, and also helps in reducing lead time and try outs and providing products free of defects and with controlled mechanical properties.


Attempts to increase electoral access are generally seen as unambiguously desirable in new democracies. While these policies can increase the size of the electorate, they may also carry costs through changing electorate composition, by differentially enfranchising those who are highly sensitive to costs. Using new administrative data from South Africa and a difference-in-differences design, I show that a 15 year, large scale, expansion of access to voting stations increased national turnout by between 2.3 and 4.7 percentage points. In the context of a natural quasi-experiment, I then use 39,000 survey respondents geo-referenced to their nearest voting station to document that those of high socioeconomic status, and those who are older, are much more sensitive to electoral access than others. This may affect electorate composition in favor of those already economically or politically powerful, who also happen to be more opposed to redistributive public policies and have particular partisan preferences.


The strawberry nursery industry in Europe covers around 4500 ha of certified plantmaterial. The Netherlands and Spain each produce respectively 1100 and 1200 ha of certified strawberry runner plants. On top of that The Netherlands has expanded in the last decade its certified waitingbed plants from 350 ha to 600 ha and has increased the production of certified trayplants from 30 ha to 135 ha. About 80% of the strawberry plants produced in The Netherlands are being exported within Europe. With the ban of methylbromide motherplants are being treated by controlled atmosphere (CATT) prior to planting. To avoid nematode infections the propagation fields are submitted to well thought off crop rotation. By using techniques such as planting time and plant type, mowing and disking at specific times the number and crownsize of the runner plants are influenced. Trayplants are carefully monitored nowadays in the nursery by flower dissection early September to adapt the nitrate nutrition during flower differentiation and to influence the development of the inflorescences. Flower dissections at the end of the growth period are conducted to estimate the production potential of trayplants in order to make decisions on planting date and plant density by growers.


The controller of fuel injection pump test-bed, its technique-parameters and configuration are introduced in the paper, and the hardware and software are designed. On the anti EMI in factory circumstance, the program flow charts are presented. Running in factory workshop for a long time indicated that the rev display jumpiness ≤1 rpm, the jumpiness of temperature and pressure ≤1 digit, and no visible affection on display values was observed under severe interference.


ABSTRACT Slow controlled release fertilizer (SRF) is the hot direction of new fertilizer development, but there is no unified, perfect, standardized classification basis. This paper documents a review of literature related to the classification of SRF, summarizes the history about development for the classification of SRF in three phases, proposes an improved classification of physical, chemical, and compound types. The aim of the current review is to provide evidence on which to base the selection and further development of innovative enhanced efficiency SRF. The study also further clarifies the attribution of various fertilizers and illustrates the use of representative fertilizers in each category. In addition, the compound type of SRF is given the positive perspectives.


 Abstract—we propose that sense of place effects on mental health or psychological adjustment among expatriates. The dominant trend in previous studies of expatriates' adjustment was influenced by management and organizational psychology, which are not a wide-eyed sight to the problem. Filling the gap needs to create a new systematic approach supported by different disciplines. This research is an interdisciplinary study which reconciles environmental psychology, cross-cultural psychology, organizational psychology, management and clinical psychology to observe the expatriation from different angles. The results conclude significant relationship between sense of place and mental disorders among expatriates in Malaysia. The results notify government of Malaysia (GOM) to create a positive sense of place for expatriates by selecting the certain strategies.


Small scale farmers commonly use agrobiodiversity as a way to maintain the quality of their livelihood. Agrobiodiversity practices are more frequent in tropical low input agriculture but are also present in Europe. This paper first describes how farmers in Mali use more than 200 traditional varieties of sorghum in an area covering over than 1 million ha altogether, and how their photoperiodism allows reduction of drought risks and other risks. The second case presented concerns an area of 10 000 ha on a volcanic slope in the Comoros Islands where in recent years, farmers have increased agrobiodiversity by using multiple cropping including trees. Their main motivation has been to cope with population increase in an inextensible area. The general discussion concerns the methodological approach, the reasons why agronomists should have more consideration for farmers' practices, and how agrobiodiversity on small scale farms in Africa and in Europe preserves resilience and opens up an alternative in certain situations to high input farming systems. (Resume d'auteur)


The feasibility of applying heat pipe technology to transformers is discussed,and the relevant research both at home and abroad is summarized.The new scheme of using heat pipe to cool the oil-immersed transformer is put forward,and tests show that with good technical feature and heat performance,the gravity heat pipe is idea for transformer cooling.


Current technological developments require teachers to be able to create effective and efficient learning by integrating technology into teaching. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of technology used by teachers in biology teaching. This research uses descriptive method through observation and a semi-structured interview. Participants involved in this research are three teachers of X class biology from different Senior High School in Indonesia. The findings of the study were analyzed using the rubric of technology integration in the implementation of the use of technology in learning and teaching developed by Britten & Casady. The results of the study revealed that the various technologies used in the biological material of Animalia biology included in the technology that supports learning by using conventional methods or lectures on the material Kingdom Animalia. Teacher's consideration in using technology on biology learning is limited facilities, the limited ability of teachers, complex content, and learning method used. The number of teachers' considerations in integrating technology suggests that teachers in Indonesia need the development of the ability to integrate different types of technology in the lessons learned.


The pier scour process is normally intensified in the presence of an ice cover, which poses risks to the longevity and safety of bridges. In the present study, the impact of the densimetric Froude number, locations, and pier spacing of side-by-side piers on the local scour depth under ice-covered flow conditions were investigated based on clear water scour experiments in an S-shaped laboratory flume. The results demonstrated that the local scour at piers along the convex bank was more substantial than that along the concave bank when other factors stayed identical. The densimetric Froude number clearly has more impact on local scour at piers along the convex bank than that along the concave bank. Different from the mechanism of the pier scour in a straight channel, the scour depth around a pier along the convex bank in the S-shaped flume increases as the distance between two piers (or pier spacing) increases, while it decreases around the piers along the concave bank. Similar scour patterns were observed when the side-by-side piers were installed at different bend apex cross-sections. The maximum local scour depths at piers along the convex bank measured at different bend apex cross-sections were relatively unchanged when other influencing factors were held constant. However, the maximum scour depth around piers along the concave bank decreased as the bends increased toward downstream.


The aim of this study was to assess the natural history and clinical burden of moderate aortic stenosis and to investigate the interaction of left ventricular ejection fraction and of age with prognosis.

 The mortality risk of patients with moderate aortic stenosis is not well known but recent studies suggested that it might negatively affect prognosis.

 A systematic research was conducted on PubMed. The inclusion criteria were: 1) inclusion of patients with moderate aortic stenosis; 2) report of the survival at 1-year follow-up (minimum). Incidence ratios related to all-cause mortality in patients and controls of each study were estimated and then pooled using a fixed effects model. Meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of left ventricular ejection fraction and age on the prognosis of patients with moderate aortic stenosis.

 Fifteen studies and 11,596 patients with moderate aortic stenosis were included. All-cause mortality was significantly higher among patients with moderate aortic stenosis than among controls: 10.7% (95% CI: 0.1010-0.1136) vs 4.5% (95% CI: 0.0438-0.0454) at 1-year, 17.7% (95% CI: 0.1692-0.1854) vs 7.6% (95% CI: 0.0754-0.0775) at 2-year, 23.0% (95% CI: 0.2204-0.2387) vs 9.9% (95% CI: 0.0973-0.0997) at 3-year, 27.9% (95% CI: 0.2685-0.2899) vs 11.9% (95% CI: 0.1177-0.1203) at 4-year, and 32.4% (95% CI: 0.3125-0.3360) vs 14.2% (95% CI: 0.1402-0.1430) at 5-year follow-up. Left ventricular ejection fraction did not significantly impact on the prognosis of patients with moderate aortic stenosis (estimate = -0.0020; 95% CI: -0.0078-0.0038; p = 0.4584), unlike of age (estimate = 0.0067; 95% CI: 0.0007-0.0127; p = 0.0323).

 Moderate aortic stenosis is not a benign disease. Further studies are necessary to confirm the prognostic impact of this valvulopathy and the possible benefit of the aortic valve replacement.
 All-cause mortality of patients (red) vs controls (black) at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year follow-up.


Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) instability of a single-mode SF6–air interface subjected to a convergent shock is investigated experimentally. The convergent shock tube is specially designed with an opening tail to weaken the Rayleigh–Taylor effect and eliminate the reflected waves' effect. The gas layer scheme is used to create a heavy gas environment at the upstream side of the interface. Before phase inversion is finished, the amplitude reduction is accelerated, but the Bell–Plesset (BP) effect in this process is found to be negligible. After phase inversion is completed, the linear growth rate is generally predicted due to small amplitude and the weak BP effect. In nonlinear regime, an existing nonlinear model is revised based on the Padé approximation to give a better prediction of amplitude growth. The spike amplitude grows almost linearly, whereas the bubble amplitude gradually saturates and even reduces. For a heavy-light interface in convergent geometry, although both the spike and bubble amplitude growths are promoted by the BP effect, the spike growth is more promoted than the bubble. The BP effect enhances generation of the second-order harmonic, which results in saturation and reduction of the bubble amplitude. The discrepancy in the BP effect between light-heavy and heavy-light interfaces is qualitatively demonstrated for the first time.


These proceedings were a sequel to the case reported as Re F (Mental Health Act: Guardianship), in which the Court of Appeal held that wardship proceedings were preferable to guardianship proceedings under section 7 of the Mental Health Act 1983 where there were concerns for the wellbeing of a seventeen-year-old girl who had a mental age of between five and eight years.


CoKriging combined with soft data can improve the accuracy of building geological model.By analyzing the reasons for the problems of the conventional CoKriging and collocated CoKriging,this paper deduces a new collocated CoKriging with soft data.The method uses the expected value of soft data in order to ensure the reliability of extrapolation,the use of the main variables filtered the expected value of co-observations to estimate parameters of variogram.The advantage of the new collocated CoKriging is that the interpolation reflects feature of main variable where the points are within the interrelated range of main variable,and the difference of interpolation comes from expect of each co-variable where the points are beyond the interrelated range of main variable.Finally,examples show the advantages of the new valuation method.


Thermal degradation and water sorption were investigated for the copolymers (4/6 copolymers), which had been prepared by anionic copolymerization of α-pyrrolidone and e-caprolactam, in comparison with those of nylon 4, 6 and blends. The compositions of 4/6 copolymers were determined by IR spectrometric analysis. The water sorption isotherms were obtained by a weighing bottle method at various water vapor pressures controlled with saturated salt solutions.The rates of thermal degradation for 4/6 copolymers at 275°C (3mm Hg, N2) were somewhat smaller than those for nylon 4 and blends in the range of weight loss less than the amount of nylon 4 component. The amount of water sorbed in a monolayer state (Vm) obtained by BET plot, and the molar ratio of Vm to the amide content in amorphous region (Vm/(CONH) (1-α), α: crystallinity) for nylon 4 were about 2 and 1.5 times, respectively as large as those for nylon 6. As to 4/6 copolymers, Vm/(CONH) (1-α) increased linearly with the composition of nylon 4. From the analysis using the cluster function, it was elucidated that the formation of cluster in sorbed water molecules began to arise at a higher moisture regain for nylon 4 than for nylon 6, and the behavior in cluster formation for 4/6 copolymer having the composition 23.2 mole-% nylon 4 was rather similar to that of nylon 4, because of the increase of free amide groups caused by the decrease of crystallinity.Although there are some problems in a low molecular weight and a low crystallinity, the 4/6 copolymer is interesting from the view point of melt process (spinning), because of their high moisture regain and melting point of about 150°C at which the polymer chain of nylon 4 is thermally stable.


Have you ever had students who seemed to be in the wrong class or even the wrong major – given their talents and desires? Or perhaps students who did not even understand their talents and goals – let alone how a particular class might fit them? The goal of the academic advisor is to avoid these counterproductive situations, by helping the student navigate the maze of educational options and opportunities. Good academic advising is a pre-requisite classroom learning. Do you plan your own advising approach to guide your advisees and foster their development?


Gradient descent (GD) method is used to fit the the laser grain-size distribution of the sediments with a sum of four weighted lognormal functions. The numerical results indicate that the GD method is not only easy to operate but also could effectively optimize the parameters of the fitting function with the error decreasing steadily. Meanwhile the overall fitting results are satisfactory. As a new way of data fitting, the GD method could also be used to solve other optimization problems.


It has been known that the endothelium which releases relaxing factor (EDRF) gives influences on the contraction by certain contractile stimulants. In hypertensive rats, the endothelium dependent relaxation has been repoted to be decreased. In this study, influences of endothelium on contraction of aorta from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were examined.


One of the challenges of mounting an "international theatre festival" is to come up with a conceptual framework that can profitably link diverse shows from a variety of countries. Most frequently, and rather simplistically, artistic directors use "excellence" as the common denominator, and choose "the best" shows that are available, programming a festival with hit shows from other festivals they have attended around the world. When Le Festival de théâtre des Amériques began in Montreal in 1985, the mandate was more precise: as the name implies, the biannual event was to bring together theatre productions from among the 45 nations that constitute "the Americas." During the first two versions, the festival presented shows from Canada, the USA, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Nicaragua, Haiti, Venezuela and Cuba.


First of all a survey is given of the theory of absolute reaction rates. This is followed by a discussion on the application of the theory to reactions in liquid media. Thereby a model of the liquid state is set up and from this an expression for the free energy of the components is developed.

The theoretical considerations are also applied to steady state reaction networks and to the active transport through membranes. A chapter on the transmission coefficient concludes the article.

Zunachst wird ein Uberblick uber die Theorie der absoluten Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit gegeben. Dann folgt die Diskussion der Anwendung der Theorie auf Reaktionen in flussigen Medien. Dazu wird ein Modell des flussigen Zustandes aufgestellt und daraus ein Ansatz fur die freie Energie der Bestandteile entwickelt.

Die Uberlegungen werden auch auf gekoppelte Reaktionssysteme im stationaren Zustand und auf den aktiven Transport durch Membranen angewandt. Den Abschlus bildet ein Kapitel uber den Transmissions-koeffizienten.


The theory, research, and validated application literatures show that systems concepts have been part of the field for more than 50 years. Relevant practices, including use of a validated systems model, specific process improvement and management technology, and organization performance improvement technology, were first developed during the 1960s and 1970s. ISPI Certification Standards were developed in that historical context and require exemplary work in the field to take a systems view to achieve value-adding results.


Taking commercial Teflon FEP films of different thickness by DuPont Co. as an example, the authors examine the influence of sample thickness on deposited charge density, the internal and the external electric field of a film electret, and charge storage stability under the same charging conditions by means of the heat pulse technique, isothermal surface potential decay, and open-circuit TSD (thermally stimulated discharge) measurement. The relation between the shift of the mean charge depth charged at different high temperatures and the thickness of the sample was studied by the heat pulse technique and the measurement of the conductivity glow curve. The influence of thickness on the properties of a film electret is shown to be significant. The mean charge depth charged at the same high temperature for a thicker electret is deeper, which is attributed to the influence of bulk conductivity.<<ETX>>


The City of Tucson has installed 85 HAWK pedestrian signals. Many of the more recent signals have been funded by the Regional Transportation Authority and are installed at school crossings. Planning for HAWK pedestrian crossings includes prioritizing locations for HAWK crossings, conducting studies, and other criteria for locating HAWKs. Issues with bicycles using HAWK crossings are discussed. Construction issues include signal and controller equipment, signing and striping, and interval timing. Variations on the HAWK are discussed, including the combined fire/pedestrian beacons, PUFFINs, School HAWKs, and split-phase HAWKs.


Through a combination of factors, AI has recently made significant progress and is now integrated in many successful products. In the future, AI will become available as a resource to use by non-experts — intelligence on tap. Interaction designers need to consider AI as a new design material, with its own unique opportunities and limitations.


The theoretical analysis is discussed for a class of SISO systems based on the characteristic modeling method. The characteristic model is described as a second-order slowly time-varying linear system. With the property of characteristic model, an adaptive controller is proposed in linear form. We prove that the discrete-time closed-loop system of the characteristic model is exponentially stable. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the characteristic modeling method.


In this paper,a general design of the large screen display and the monitoring system used in sports venues is proposed.The proposed system,has been successfully used in the 11th National Games,can realize the modern information display service of large screen display by using the C/S structure mode and XML for data exchange.The results show that the performance of the system can meet the requirements of large screen display used in the venues for the large-scale sport competition.


By using a fibre of artificial resin (radius 2μ), the authors investigated the size distribution curve of fog particles and its variation. Some theoretical consideration was also given in the region of 1.2[6-1.5i/ in wave length and the infra-red absorption coefficient is estimated to be 1.4%. 1. The method of capturing fog particles Many on measuring fog particles have found that the smaller the dimension of the detector of fog particles, the finer particles have been captured. Unless we use a detector of an adequate dimension, our measuring can not offer good information of fog distribution. So in order to catch fine particles included in the real distribution of fog particles, we suspended a fine fibre of artificial resin (radius 2p,) on a small frame, and set it on the mechanical stage of microscope. Supporting the frame vertically to the direction of fog flow, we counted the number and measured the size of the fog particles which settled on the fibre in a unit time, and at the same time measured their evaporating time. Glass fibre [1] or spider's thread [2] have been generally used as the fibre detector of fog particles, but they are not always hydrophobic and uniform. On the other hand the artificial resin we used consists of Methyl Methacrylate 99.7% and Benzol Peroxide 0.3% is very hydrophobic. (Water absorption ratio ; Methyl Methacrylate 0.3-0.5, Polyamide 1.5, Polyvinyl 0.6-1.3, Viniel Archol 100%). If we combine these materials under 85°C, a viscous liquid is obtained, and we can make a fine fibre from it. 2. The purpose of the observation The southeast coast of Hokkaido is frequently covered with dense fog penetrating from the sea in early summer, and this dense fog brings about shortage of sunshine and a cold wet weather, so that it is very important to fight these fogs from an agricultural point of view. By the reason mentioned above there are wooded shelter-belts along the coast, the effect of which we wanted to estimate. The numbers in the map (Fig. 1) represent the observation points which were selected. Point (11) was located in front of the forest and point (12) was behind it. Point (21) and point (22) lay by so broad a road that scarcely any effect of these forests and others was perceived for the reference of point (11) and point (12). At these points we observed only those fogs which were regarded to cover these points homogeneously. The fogs on the 23rd (1645-0850), 24th (1940-2150) and 28th (0730-0850) June 1951, were considered to satisfy this condition. The mean particle numbers captured on the fibre in ten minutes are shown in Table 1. 1 So that we may decide that the effect of the forest in keeping off the fog is significant. 3. Mechanism of fog capturing process of the fibre The above analyses of variance are calculated under the assumption that the frequency distribution of the numbers of fog particles settling down on the fibre in a constant time is normal distribution. But the assumption is not precisely true to fact. According to BATEMAN [3], if the probability of particles (n-1-1) settling down on the fibre in (I + di) time be P (.+1)(1 -1di) , the probability should be the sum of the probability (1 dt) P (+1)(1) , no particle settles on the fibre in di time, and the probability dtP "(1) , n particles settle on the fibre in I time and one particle settles on it in di time, namely If we transform the above formula into this formula shows the Poisson Distribution. But the frequency distribution curve of particles settling down on the fibre in 30 second shows Polya-Eggenberger Distribution (Fig. 2), namely, Poo= (2.625 x 3.625 . . .1+ (n —1)2.625) x 4.360-(0.782+,0/n Testing the curve-fitness, so that the distribution curve may be sufficiently regarded as Polya-Eggenberger Distribution [41 [5] [6] [7]. From such facts, the mechahism of the fog capturing of the fibre could be regarded as Compound Poisson Process. If (7) be the population mean of n, the number of particles observed, and the distribution of p in general be F-type Distribution, (P" is the Poisson Distribution whose population mean is n.) Comparing the above empirical formula with the above Poo, a and b are decided one by one gs follows. a = 0.782 b=3.360 The calculated curves of F(x) are illustrated in Fig. 3. If the particles are homogeneous and distributed in space at random, the capturing mechanism of the fibre should be Poisson Process, but the fact is the Compound Poisson Process. What is it that caused such 'a difference ? It may be that (i) each fog has its own particle size dis tribution, (ii) the number of fog particles is not always homogeneous in each fog. 4. The particle size distribution The particle size distribution was measured for the fogs of the 23rd, 24th and 28th. The histograms for fogs' particle size distribution whose size step is 5 1a are shown in following Fig. 4. We fitted the histograms with the X2-distributions (degree of freedom 2P). [8] a and P, the estimate of parameters a the P are separately calculated from the


Breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding, is known to have significant health benefits, including reduced risk of many diseases for both infants and mothers.1,2 Exclusive breastfeeding during the hospital postpartum period is a strong predictor of exclusive breastfeeding at 3 and 6 months.3 In 1991, the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF launched the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI), which included the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding.5 Numerous studies have documented the ef-


Background: A central question in translation initiation is how GTPase activity and fMet-tRNA positioning are connected. Results: NMR shows large structural rearrangements in the IF2-G2 subdomain upon nucleotide binding and considerable flexibility within the fMet-tRNA binding domain. Conclusion: The GDP-induced rearrangements in G2 are not forwarded towards the fMet-tRNA binding C2-subdomain. Significance: There appears no structural relationship between GTP hydrolysis and fMet-tRNA positioning.


Nowadays, data mining in large databases of complex objects from scientific, engineering or multimedia applications is getting more and more important. In many different application domains, complex object representations along with complex distance functions are used for measuring the similarity between objects. Often, not only these complex distance measures are available but also simpler distance functions which can be computed much more efficiently. Traditionally, the well known concept of multi-step query processing which is based on exact and lower-bounding approximative distance functions are used independently of data mining algorithms. In this paper, we demonstrate how the paradigm of multi-step query processing can be integrated into the two density-based clustering algorithms DBSCAN and OPTICS resulting in a considerable efficiency boost. Our approach tries to confine itself to /spl epsiv/-range queries on the simple distance functions and carries out complex distance computations only at that stage of the clustering algorithm where they are compulsory to compute the correct clustering result. In a broad experimental evaluation based on real-world test data sets, we demonstrate that our approach accelerates the generation of flat and hierarchical density-based clusterings by more than one order of magnitude.


Abstract The production of the sugar beet in the Republic of Moldova (RM) in the last ten years decreased considerably. The world and Moldovan sugar consumption is increasing, therefore making sugar beet an important crop for sugar production. Sugar beet production, as one of the main industrial crops with a significant share in earnings, has an impact on the manufacturing sector of the country. Based on the crop significance, the scope of this research is to forecast the sugar beet production. Five years of forecast were computed for sugar beet production (Yt) in the RM. The research was conducted by the help of data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics. Six time series models were run to find the best solution for Yt forecast. Three of the models were considered the most appropriate. These are: Exponential function trend, Quadratic function trend and Holt's method. The AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), SBC (Schwarz Bayesian Criterion) and R2 (coefficient of determination) explained that 77,5% of data showed to be optimal for Yt forecast in Holt's method. As a result, the forecast was based on Holt's methodology for time series with trend. Consequently, it was found that Yt will decrease by approximately 15 thousand tonnes by 2022. However, as the data is based on past assumptions, there still exists hope that the production of sugar beet will increase. The same is considered for the average yield, which at the moment is twice lower than in the European Union countries.


The present invention provides a frame buffer (5) having a two-dimensional display screen and a logical address space (7) corresponding to the configuration of the plurality of pixel data (9) corresponding to the position on the screen in order to store the input display the address of the location. In the two-dimensional logical address space, in a direction corresponding to the pixel data is sequentially stored in the address direction. A drive control unit (6) driven scan mirror (3) so that the laser beam is scanned in the direction corresponding to the address on the display screen direction not parallel. The display control unit (4) calculates the position of the scanning laser beam on the display screen by performing the burst access to the frame buffer in the address direction, and reads out the calculated position near the scanning position or scanning position corresponding to the two a plurality of pixel data of the pixel data of the address position dimensional logical address space, and a plurality of pixel data using interpolation calculation, and the display data generation laser beam scanning position on the display screen corresponding.


The development of long-term target financial programs, aimed at improving and updating of the technical potential and introduction of high technologies of crop cultivation is suggested.


Deficits in recognition and processing of rapidly successive phonetic elements of speech in language-learning impaired (LLI) children, aged 5 to 10 years, treated at Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, and University of California, San Francisco, were improved by listening to acoustically modified synthetic speech and by daily training with computer "games" designed to modify temporal processing and phoneme perception.


In Spain the rate of youth unemployment has exponentially increased in the past few years, and it has turned into a structural problem. When the fourth quarter of 2014 ended, the destruction of employment, which begun along with the economic and financial crisis in 2008, has specially affected young people so that, among the people under the age of 30, the number of unemployed people was 1.495.600, 645.000 more than in the first quarter of 2008. Nevertheless, before 2008, the youth unemployment rate was already reaching 17,4% and some studies were alerting of the vulnerability of the above mentioned group of people, especially in the following areas: labour, education, residential and reproductive. Moreover, in this period of time, the employment policy has been affected, with no doubt, by the labour reform of 2012 (RDL3 / 2012 and Law 3/2012), by introducing new rules on the mediation in the labour market (Article 16.3 the Workers' Statute (ET)), the vocational training and new contractual modalities, specially modifying the "contract for training and learning" (Article 11 ET), the modification of the part-time contract (Article 12 ET) and the distance contract (formerly called "working at home contract", Article 13 ET) and the introduction of a new indefinite contract called 'support to entrepreneurs'. These reforms have gone in the opposite direction to strengthen employment policies aimed to achieve the right to work or full employment for young people, law and constitutional mandate that in times of crisis are likely to disappear or be completely isolated. Labour statistics are one of the indicators that best express the economic and social reality of a country. Through the "Muestra ContAnua de Vidas Laborales" (MCVL) 2013, the career path between 2008 and 2013 of young people under 30 years is analysed, in order to determine changes and characteristics of their connection to the labour market. The research work shows that, between 2008 and 2013, most of the contracts signed with young people under 35 years were temporary and low paid. At the end of 2014, 78% of this group worked in the private sector, 46% with temporary contracts of which 36.6% for "labour and service", one in five young people did it part-time and one in ten with a temporary part-time contract. With micro data from the EPA, related to the fourth quarter of 2014, it is observed through two Logit models, how a low level of education and the sector of activity increase the likelihood that a young person under 34 years on the one hand, becomes unemployed and secondly, occupied by a temporary contract.


Psoriasis is a common dysimmune and chronic-inflammatory proliferative dermatosis,whose pathogenesis is very complex and is interacted with a variety of abnormal expressions of immune molecules.Our aim is to review the relationship of psoriasis-related cytokines,angiogenesis-related factors,and nerve immunization in this paper and to explore their potential function.


importer. Bananas are the mainstay of the Ecuadorian economy, just as other tropical crops have been in the past. It is, therefore, surprising that there has been no detailed analysis of the economics of commercial banana cultivation or of the more distinctive aspects of its economic geography. James J. Parsons made a brief study of banana production in I956 and in a paper published in the following year gave a substantially correct account of some aspects of banana production in Ecuador.1 He was writing before the results of the Censo Agropecuario of I954 had been published and seems to have been able to obtain very little data about the nature of banana production in Ecuador. In addition Parsons held rather pessimistic views regarding the role of Ecuadorian bananas on the world market, particularly in relation to the North American fruit monopolies. In the eight years since that article was written a great deal of data regarding the Ecuadorian banana industry has become available, and a number of significant changes have taken place. The United Fruit Company no longer grows bananas in Ecuador; efficient methods of combatting disease have been evolved and are being practised with an impressive degree of success; and important changes in the method of exporting and in the patterns of exports have been accompanied by a sudden increase in the total exports of bananas. The present paper is intended to supplement Parsons's earlier account. Some aspects dealt with inadequately will be examined and the changes in banana production and export will be described and analysed.


Adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9) is found tightly associated with the scaffolding protein Yotiao and the IKs ion channel in heart. But apart from potential IKsregulation, physiological roles for AC9 a...


The study was carried out on the basis of mathematical analysis of experimental data: sets of genes and sets of natural genetic codes. All 5 cases of gene overlaps allowed by the DNA structure were investigated. Integral characteristics of genetic codes are introduced into consideration, which testify to the ability to overlap pairs of genes. It was possible to establish the functions in which all reinterpreted codons in the mitochondrial genetic codes (of humans and other organisms) participate, as well as a significant difference between the integral characteristics of such codes from the standard code. Our results allow us to conclude that code deviations from the standard carry a quite clear functional load. It follows from the above results that for all semantic families of codons, two protein sequences can be written that are practically not obstructed by the same DNA region, and for this you can use the most favorable (according to the combination of amino acids in the overlap) one of the 5 variants of such a compact notation of genes (5 cases overlap). A categorical ban exists for no more than 5% of amino acid pairs, both for the standard code and for all 14 known non-standard codes. Those. All 15 code tables have the same common property. This leaves no chance for any arbitrariness, chance. choose the structure of the genetic code. In the course of these studies, a mathematical theory of the genetic code has been developed, the first stage of research has already been published (see Appendix), a book of the results of the second stage has been prepared for publication, and work has been carried out on the third stage. It seems that this research topic of fundamental research is inexhaustible.


Abstract The feedback between global vegetation greenness and surface air temperature and precipitation is assessed using remote sensing observations of monthly fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) for 1982 to 2000 with a 2.5° grid resolution. Lead/lag correlations are used to infer vegetation–climate interactions. Furthermore, a statistical method is used to quantify the efficiency of vegetation feedback on climate in the observations. This feedback analysis provides a first quantitative assessment of global vegetation feedback on climate. In northern mid- and high latitudes, vegetation variability is found to be driven predominantly by temperature; in the meantime, vegetation also exerts a strong positive feedback on temperature with the feedback accounting for over 10%–25% of the total monthly temperature variance. The strongest positive feedback occurs in the boreal regions of southern Canada/northern United States, northern Europe, and southern Siberia, where the feedback efficiency...


The problems related to global finite-time observers are discussed for second order systems. Some extended finite-time stability results are obtained at first. Then global finite-time observers of second order observable linear systems in continuous time-invariant forms are constructed, without using homogeneous properties, unlike existing results.


Avocado production is a growing industry in New Zealand. Processing of avocado generates considerable waste that may have biological value [...]


Study on The Effectivityof NPK Compound FertilizerAdded withHumic Acid for Growthand Pruductionof Rice.It is important to improve the efficiency of fertilizers especially nitrogen (N)for lowland rice cultivation, since the efficiencyof broadcasted N was ony in the range of 30–40%,while P fertilizer 20–30% and K fertilizer 30–40%. Humic products have been used for years inproduction agriculture with varying results to improve plant growth and yield, as well as increasingfertilizer efficiency.Field experiment has been conducted at Experimental Farm of Rice Research InstituteinSukamandi to evaluate the effectivity of humic acid addition to NPK compound fertilizer on lowlandrice. Five doses (200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 kg/ha) of compound fertilizers NPK-1 and NPK-2(NPK+humic acid), together with control and local recomended fertilizer were tested in this experiment.Twelve treatments with 4 replications were arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design.Resultsof experiment showed that in general compound NPK fertilizer did not give better result if humic acidwas added; the effectivity of NPK compound fertilizer was not affected by the addition of humic acid.Humic acid tended to increase N use efficiency at higher level of fertilizer. It was suggested that withhigher level of humic acid theeffect would be more significant.


Image-based 3D reconstructions and their visualization in virtual reality promise novel opportunities to explore and analyze 3D reconstructions of real objects, buildings and places. However, the faithfulness of the presented data is not always obvious and, in most cases, a 3D reconstruction cannot be compared directly to its corresponding real world instance. However, in case of reconstruction methods based on structure from motion (SFM), a large number of raw photos is available. This motivated us to develop a novel interaction technique for the visual comparison of details of 3D models with projections of the corresponding image sections, e.g. in order to rapidly verify the authenticity of perceived features. The results of a formal user study (n=18) demonstrate the general usability of such visual provenance information as well as benefits of the comparison in vicinity of the features in question over a separate image gallery. Further observations informed our iterative design process and led to the development of an improved interactive visualization. Our final implementation provides a spatial and content-related overview while retaining the efficiency of the original approach.


The present invention in a signal reception apparatus of a communication system using a low density parity check code, the received signal corresponds to decoding a hybrid decoding scheme, wherein the hybrid decoding scheme is the first decoding scheme and the second decoding scheme, and a third decoding two decoding scheme of the system are generated and combined. Hybrid decoding scheme, BP method, Min-Sum method, Lambda-Min method, the check node message, the bit node messages


The sorption efficiency of low cost sorbent clay in removing phenol and m-nitrophenol (MNP) from aqueous solutions has been investigated in batch experiments. The effects of particle size of sorbent, pH, phenol concentration and temperature have been studied. The sorption isotherm has been studied in terms of the Langmuir model. The experimental data were well fitted by the Pseudo second-order kinetic model allowing the rate constant to be evaluated. This study showed that clay could be used as an efficient sorbent material for the sorption of phenols from aqueous solutions. This study is important for treatment of phenolic effluents where continuous removal can be achieved on a large scale.


Abstract—This paper presents the exploration of language use pragmatically and to propose educating the Indonesian language as a verbal social project for the national harmony. The word educating here is beyond in-classroom teaching-learning process, as it also involves family and societal participation in the project. With the formats of Distant Indonesian Language (DIL) and Close Indonesian Language (CIL), this proposition is important to avoid rude situations and awkward situations to different types of hearer. Within the formats, DIL is spoken to superiors, while CIL is spoken to close people. Ineligible use of the two formats may cause either situation to happen, which may lead to interpersonal or social friction, or the national disharmony. The formats have never been researched on nor applied in the Indonesian language education policy so far. The social project in this scheme comprises six phases, namely (1) in-family interaction phase, (2) in-classroom teaching-learning process phase, (3) in-school evaluation phase, (4) in-school re-evaluation phase, (5) in-public verification phase, and (6) in-society selection phase. Each phase in this verbal social project is described and justified for its efficacy to contribute to the national harmony. Theoretically, this research develops the notions of positive and negative face, positive and negative politeness strategies, respect and solidarity politeness, and politeness and camaraderie, with elaborated types of hearer. Empirically, this study presents to reduce or to eliminate rude and awkward situations.
Keywords—Indonesian language; politeness theory; verbal social project; national harmony


This assignment seeks to give students some of the benefits of writing traditional research papers while offering them more help and demanding less time. I have been tinkering with it for about three semesters, in both history courses and interdisciplinary honors courses.Goals• Students gain practice in finding primary sources, analyzing and interpreting those sources, and building analytic research essays.• Compared to a traditional term paper, students should spend relatively less time finding sources and relatively more time reading their sources closely, discussing them with their peers, and using them to answer questions.Steps1. The course in broken into three or four units, each directed toward answering a single question. The question can be interpretive or practical.2. At various times during the course, the instructor demonstrates the use of an online database with primary sources.3. Prior to some class meetings, a subset of students must use the database to find sources that help answer the question posed at the start of the unit. They post their sources, along with some commentary, in a Blackboard discussion, where all the class can read them.4. The whole class discusses some or all of the posted sources. Typically, the instructor provides copies of one or two of the sources found by students. Often, the class divides into small groups to discuss the sources, then each group must report its findings. The object of the discussion is to apply the source to the unit's question.5. At the end of each unit, each student submits an essay using the sources found by classmates, as well as material from assigned readings. In one course, the syllabus required four such sources.Benefits• As they write their essays, students have access to a common pool of primary sources— many more than they could gather on their own in the same amount of time. Yet since theyhave so many sources to choose from, and so many ways to use those sources, each essay remains original to the student.• Students respond well to the collaborative nature of the assignment. They like getting credit and seeing each other get credit for work that benefits the class, such as finding a sourcethat proves particularly useful. And they enjoy the small group discussions, which often spur participation from students who avoid speaking before the whole class.• Because this assignment is less time consuming than an independently researched paper, students can write three or four of them in a term, gaining practice and the chance toimprove based on feedback from instructors and peers.• Because each set of sources is unique to the particular class, it is impossible to plagiarize the essay. Moreover, students are encouraged to cite each other's posted comments in theiressays, reinforcing the idea that scholarship is a collaborative endeavor and that citation reflects well on both the scholar cited and the one citing.Challenges• Some students post sources that are not clearly relevant to the essay question or that they do not understand.• Some students find excellent sources that are too long or too awkwardly formatted to make into good handouts.• Some students—even those in the course that specified that four classmates' sources were required—ignore the requirement that common sources be used and instead write thepaper using sources they find by themselves.


Color filter (CF), one of the key components for liquid crystal display (LCD), is costly to make from repeated lithography processes. The defects may be created during the repeated lithography processes. The recycling defect CF panels are environmental unfriendly and not cost-effective process. CF repairing is an important cost-effective technical process to improve product yield. In this study, a solvent-less repaired ink system was studied. The optimized formulas of red, green, blue, and black inks have passed the quality control, reliability, and life-time tests. The new solvent-free ink system possesses the balance characteristics in liquid fluidic, UV reactivity, and color saturation. The energy has been conserved without high temperature process for removing organic solvent. The new system exhibits the state-ofthe- art fabrication process without unnecessary energy waste. As a result, the solvent-less CF repair inks offer a promising result for contributing to a low carbon process in the near future.


Minor parties in American politics often struggle to gain support due to the phenomenon of strategic voting, as they rarely field viable candidates. However, in several US states, fusion (a process by which multiple parties may nominate the same candidate) averts this obstacle by allowing minor parties to cross-endorse major-party candidates. Although major parties are known to perceive these fused ballot lines as electorally advantageous, their value in terms of additional votes for fusing candidates has not yet been systematically studied. Focusing on US House of Representatives elections in New York (where fusion is prevalent) between 1952 and 2014, I demonstrate that, under certain conditions, fusing with minor parties improves major-party candidates' electoral performance by substantial—and, occasionally, electorally decisive—amounts.


In response to various environmental stresses including heavy metals, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is phosphorylated and then it phosphorylates c-Jun protein. In the present study, effects of mercury chloride (HgCl 2) on JNK signalling pathway were examined in LLC-PK 1 cells. When exposed to 10 or 20 ␮M HgCl 2 , the level of phosphorylated JNK and the activity of JNK assayed in vitro using glutathione-S-transferase-c-Jun as substrate increased markedly. The level of phosphorylated JNK increased 30 min after HgCl 2 exposure and remained elevated even at 8 h. On the other hand, no changes were found in the total amount of JNK protein. Consistent with the activation of JNK, c-Jun proteins phosphorylated on Ser63 and Ser73 were accumulated in cells exposed to HgCl 2. Concomitantly, the levels of c-jun mRNA and c-Jun protein were elevated. When compared to other heavy metal compounds such as manganese chloride, zinc chloride, cadmium chloride, and lead chloride, HgCl 2 could phosphorylate JNK more markedly. Neither intracellular Ca 2؉ nor sulfhydryl groups appeared to play a major role in the activation of JNK by HgCl 2 exposure in this porcine renal epithelial cell line. Inorganic mercury has been used widely in industry and known to cause renal proximal tubular damage (Clarkson, 1997). Among the inorganic compounds, the soluble forms such as mercury chloride (HgCl 2) are highly toxic (Clarkson, 1997). It has also been reported that the treatment with 35 ␮M HgCl 2 for 7 h causes apoptosis in LLC-PK 1 cells (Duncan-Achanzar et al., 1996), an established renal epithelial line with characteristics of the proximal tubule (Gstraunthaler, 1988). We have previously found that the treatment with 20 ␮M HgCl 2 increased c-fos mRNA level and resulted in the accumulation of c-Fos protein, a component of the heterodimeric transcriptional factor AP-1, before the development of DNA fragmentation in LLC-PK 1 cells (Matsuoka et al., 1997). However , effects of HgCl 2 exposure on the signal transduction pathway leading to cell death or apoptosis in the proximal tubular cells have not been clarified. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), also known as stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), belongs to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily, which transmits extracellular signals into the nucleus (Kyriakis and Avruch, 1996; Schaeffer and Weber, 1999). In response to various environmental stresses, JNK is activated by dual phosphoryla-Cell culture. LLC-PK 1 cells, a porcine renal epithelial cell line, were obtained from Health …


Fouling problems are perhaps the single most important reason for relatively slow acceptance of ultrafiltration in many areas of chemical and biological processing. To overcome the losses in permeate flux associated with concentration polarization and fouling in cross flow membrane filtration, we investigated the concept of flow reversal as a method to enhance membrane flux in ultrafiltration. Conceptually, flow reversal prevents the formation of stable hydrodynamic and concentration boundary layers at or near the membrane surface. Further more, periodic reversal of the flow direction of the feed stream at the membrane surface results in prevention and mitigation of membrane fouling. Consequently, these advantages are expected to enhance membrane flux significantly. A crossflow membrane filtration unit was designed and built to test the concept of periodic flow reversal for flux enhancement. The essential elements of the system include a crossflow hollow fiber membrane module integrated with a two-way valve to direct the feed flow directions. The two-way valve is controlled by a controller-timer for periodic reversal of flow of feed stream. Another important feature of the system is that with changing feed flow direction, the permeate flow direction is also changed to maintain countercurrent feed and permeate flows for enhanced massmore » transfer driving force (concentration difference). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a well-studied model solute in membrane filtration known for its fouling and concentration polarization capabilities. Laboratory-scale tests on a hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membrane module using BSA solution as feed show that under flow reversal conditions, the permeate flux is significantly enhanced when compared with the conventional unidirectional flow. The flux enhancement is dramatic (by an order of magnitude) with increased feed concentration and operating transmembrane pressure.« less


Rasheed Araeen was born in 1935 in Karachi, Pakistan. Although he first trained as a civil engineer, he later began to work as an artist, first producing figurative work and then abstract painting. Restricted by attitudes to modernity in Pakistan, he moved to England in 1964 after a brief stay in Paris. A year later, he encountered the work of Anthony Caro which was a transformative experience for him and encouraged him to start making his own sculptures. Rather than producing sculpture based on traditional composition or pictorial structures, Araeen argued that 'symmetrical configuration, rather than composition, should be the basis of a new sculpture'. Consequently, Aareen became a pioneer of Minimalist sculpture in Britain, although his contribution was largely unrecognised at the time. Aareen did not discover the New York school of American Minimalism until 1968 when a friend in Paris told him of the work of Sol LeWitt. It was at this time that he also began to devote himself full-time to art. In 1970, Aareen became increasingly politically active, joining both the Black Panthers (later re-named the Black Workers Movement) and Artists for Democracy. Later in the decade, he explored performance art, concentrating on political issues and identity politics. In 1978 he founded Black Phoenix, a magazine which dealt with radical contemporary art from the 'Third World'. This was the precursor to Third Text magazine which he launched in 1987 and which is one of the leading academic journals of contemporary art and culture today.


Cocoghurt is a fermented drink made from coconut milk sediment. This study aims to analyze the microbial test on cocogurt drink. In this study the tests carried out were salmonella, coliform, escherichia coli, and bacillus tests using the Most Likely Number (APM) method in accordance with SNI 01-2897-1992, in addition to this test using a presumptive test approach or estimation and confirmation or confirmation with using liquid media in test tubes and carried out based on the number of positive tubes. Samples that were confirmed positive could be seen by the appearance of gas in the Durham tube and the bacillus test was carried out by observing using a binocular microscope with two temperature treatments, namely 400 C and 40 C. The Coliform and E. coli tests that had been carried out showed that the cocoghurt contained coliform bacteria contamination. of <3 APM/g and Escherichia coli of <3 APM/g. The amount of contaminants from the microbial test results is within the safe limit of the Indonesian National Standard for fermented beverages.


A report was prepared in 2002 to assess international evidence on elasticities of demand for passenger transport (both public and private) and to recommend elasticity values that could be applied in forecasting the impacts on travel demand of urban transport policy measures in New Zealand. While considerable information is available, both in New Zealand and internationally, on passenger transport demand elasticities, no comprehensive guide exists on appropriate values for use in New Zealand. The project was designed to fill this gap. The research included a review of the international literature on passenger transport demand elasticities relating to the following: 1. Effects of changes in public transport system variables (principally fares. service levels. in-vehicle time) on public transport demand; 2. Effects of changes in private transport system variables (principally in- vehicle travel time. fuel prices. parking charges. toll charges) on both private transport demand and public transport demand. Recommendations for elasticity values applicable to urban areas of New Zealand are given. (a)


The two commonest species of intertidal barnacles indigenous to the British Isles* have very different geographical distributions, and belong to different faunal groups. Chthamalus stellatus Poli is a Tropical-Lusitanian form which reaches its northern limit in Scotland, while Balanus balanoides L. is a Boreal-Arctic form which reaches its southernmost European limits in south-west England and northern France. Over a large part of the British Isles the two species occur together, but Chthamalus is dominant in the south and west while Balanus alone is present in the north and east (see Darwin 1854, pp. 272 and 456). Since both Chthamalus stellatus and Balanus balanoides are at the limits of their respective distributions in the British Isles, these limits may be particularly sensitive to any general change in the environment. Such a change might also affect many other organisms, and will well repay careful study.


We developed and tested the Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS) 3AHcare node, a health monitoring device capable of measuring a subject's ECG, blood pressure, blood oxygenation, respiration, temperature and motion - almost equivalent to the feature set of a hospital bedside patient monitor. The main contribution of this paper include: the device has been a highly integrated design incorporating the radio and all associated circuitry on a single PCB; a new noninvasive and cuff-less measurement of blood pressure using pulse wave transit time has been designed and validated. The device stores data locally on microSD flash and /or transmits via Bluetooth and/or Zigbee. We have developed a bandage vest which embeds reusable electrodes for data acquisition as well as a desktop and mobile application for real-time data telemetry. We have evaluated the performance of the device in capturing and recording ambulatory data and found the device easy to use and with high precision.


In order to study and develop ginger juice drinks,we combine single factor test and orthogonal design test to do this research.According to the sensory evaluation standards,we invited our teachers and classmates to evaluate and grade this product.In this way, we conclude that a group of formula which have the best taste is taken as our best formula of ginger strawberry juice of Tomato. The best adding quantity was ginger juice, tomato juice,strawberry juice and sugar accounts separately 8 %,25 %,35 %,10 %.All the test need to add 0.08 %compound thermal stabilizer(CMC),0.1 % xanthan gum,0.2 % β-cyclodextrin to make the drink to get the best stable.On the base of these best addings,we can have the ginger strawberry juice of tomato which is uniform,fine and smooth mouthfeel,sweet and sour.


Almost all humansuse glasses to make it easier for them to drink. No wonder there are so many glass products on the market with various designs. People with parkinson's cannot use glasses properly, because they have movement disorders so that when they hold the glass, the water in it will spill. Seeing from the existing problems, it is necessary to design a saucer as a drinking aid. Which of course will make it easier for them to use glasses. In the design of the saucer using the morphological method. One of the methods commonly used in evaluating design concepts. The results of the selection process for the combination of components that make up this saucer, it can be concluded that from the selection process using the morphological method, the most appropriate saucer is to use concept 3 with score of 12,6, where the design is ranked 1.