Virtualization of optical access systems is being pursued to speedup service deployment and reduce CAPEX/OPEX. Several passive optical network (PON) specifications have been standardized and the applicability of virtualization to access networks is being considered. We have proposed a programmable optical line terminal (OLT) that performs OLT functions by software processing on general-purpose hardware.Unfortunately, general-purpose hardware struggles to achieve the 10-Gbps throughput demanded of access systems. Our work solves this problem by introducing software implementation techniques for PHY processing, a key component of computation complexity. This paper proposes a 2-stage parallel pipeline based on data-parallelism, and details its implementation with the use of look up table (LUT) for the Galois-field multiplier for implementing the standard OLT functions of forward error correction (FEC) and encryption. We implement our proposals on a general-purpose server with optical transmitter. Evaluation results show that proposals drastically accelerate algorithm performance and attain the throughputs of 10 Gbps with RS(255,239), 5.1 Gbps with RS(255,223), 2.5 Gbps with CTR-AES-128 and 1.2 Gbps with GCM-AES-128.


where y(t); blood-sugar concentration (mg/dl) at t, t; time lapse after the administration, a, b, c, ; empirical constants, e; basis of natural logarithm. The curves showing the time variation of blood-sugar concentration may be grouped into two types ; one is frequently found when the glucose solution is well assimilated, and the other is common when the administrated substance is less assimilated. Cases of diabetes mellitus are included in the latter type. The curves belonging to the former type to which the abovementioned formula is applicable within t being less than 2 hours, the following values are given to the ranges of the empirical constants a, b, c. 150≧a≧85,90≧c≧41


could be moved from side to side, but was adherent on its deep aspect. A thickened cord could be palpated running up the mid-line of the neck to the hyoid bone to which it appeared adherent. It displayed the characteristic physical sign of the thyro-glossal cyst, that of becoming more prominent and moving upwards when the tongue was protruded. This movement was very much more obvious on palpating the tumour while the tongue was being protruded. The base of the tongue (foramen caecum) was normal and the thyroid gland appeared to be present, and presented no pathological enlargement. At operation, the lower end of the cyst was adherent to but separate from the upper border of the thyroid isthmus, and also to the prominence of the thyroid cartilage. It was dissected off, and while its lower end was soft and cystic, it had a solid pedicle running upwards from its upper border. This was followed to the hyoid bone. The track led deep to this bone in the mid-line. The middle part of the hyoid bone was removed, and the tumour, pedicle and attached hyoid bone came away. The pedicle was adherent to the deep surface of the hyoid bone, as shown in the specimen. The track appeared to end at this point where it received attachment to the deep surface of the hyoid. Recovery uneventful. The specimen shows a colloid cyst at the lower end of the thyro-glossal tract, but the condition may also be looked upon as a colloid goitre at the lower end of the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid. A section revealed the structure of a colloid goitre. Dr. Scott Williamson looks upon it as an attenuated isthmus with a colloid cyst into it. Clinically the case was indistinguishable from one of simple thyro-glossal cyst.


In this paper we examine the effects of increased competition among motivated MFIs, focussing on the implications of such competition for borrower targeting. We find that it depends in a subtle way on the interaction of several factors, namely the extent of inequality, the nature of the technology and the possibility of double-dipping. While, in the absence of competition, even a motivated MFI may prefer to lend to the not-so-poor in preference to the poor borrowers, in the presence of double-dipping, competition may in fact encourage lending to the poor. Interestingly, the presence of double-dipping is critical for MFI competition to have such a positive effect. Further, in the presence of double-dipping, MFI coordination may worsen borrower targeting whenever borrower inequality is at an intermediate level.


P-7521 is an azabicycloalkane derivative. When P-7521 was given iv to rabbits, its analgesic ED50 was 0.37μg/kg, the analgesic activity was 427 times as potent as that of morphine, and the duration of analgesic action was double that of morphine. The analgesic dose depressed the respiration slightly. But when doses even as large as 1200×ED50 were given, the respiratory action was never completely depressed, asphyxia and death were not encountered.


A single-port adaptive DOA estimation based on temporally-correlated array signal samples is proposed. Temporal correlation is created by lowering the receiver bandwidth and/or increasing the weighing rate. The proposed technique can estimates the DOAs of multiple independent sources in very low SNR levels. The proposed technique is compared with MUSIC and single-port beam space MUSIC.


Here we consider the singularities of a Levi-flat real hypersurface S in C that lie in an analytic variety of codimension 2. It is shown that, from the geometric point of view, there are two kinds of singularities, and the type of singularity determines whether S bounds a domain of holomorphy of typeATM.


We consider Legendrian links and tangles in JS and J[0, 1] equipped with Morse complex families over a field F and classify them up to Legendrian cobordism. When the coefficient field is F2 this provides a cobordism classification for Legendrians equipped with augmentations of the Legendrian contact homology DG-algebras. A complete set of invariants, for which arbitrary values may be obtained, is provided by the fiber cohomology, a graded monodromy matrix, and a mod 2 spin number. We apply the classification to construct augmented Legendrian surfaces in JM with dimM = 2 realizing any prescribed monodromy representation, Φ : π1(M,x0)→ GL(n,F).


![Figure][1]

Dr. Fineberg

Pediatricians should not expect or accept the plight of children in this country and their health care, said Harvey V. Fineberg, M.D., Ph.D., in his Nov. 3 keynote address at the AAP National Conference & Exhibition in New Orleans.

Dr. Fineberg's speech


Malignant (necrotising) external otisis is an invasive infection which can spread from external auditory canal to skull base fracture. Although it is mostly seen in old patients with diabetes mellitus, immunocompromised people may also be vulnerable to malignant external otisis. 3-phase bone scintigraphy with Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can be employed in the early diagnosis of the disease and the evaluation of its prevalence.


Anne Dacier (nee Le Fevre) produced a French translation of Clouds and Plutus in 1684 which ensured that the vernacular reader could read two complete plays of Aristophanes in French for the first time. It was as a particularly bold undertaking, given the limited work in this area before her and this comic playwright's unfavourable reputation in 17th-century France. Her work gained relatively little immediate attention by reviewers and enjoyed only a limited number of re-editions (compared to, for example, her Terence), but it was destined to exert a significant influence on the reception of Aristophanes in France and beyond. This chapter takes our understanding of her landmark translation of Aristophanes further in two ways. Firstly by exploring the rhetorical strategies Dacier employed in trying to persuade the vernacular reader of the brilliance of the original, particularly in her 'remarques' (notes). Secondly the discussion examines the motivations and implications of Dacier's radical change to the gender of two characters in Clouds. This change has gone unnoticed in previous discussions of Dacier's translation but reveals a significant strand in the reception history of Aristophanes and an important element to Dacier's influence on subsequent English translations.


The film was based on Roddy Doyle's book of the same name, first published in 1988.1 Although both book and film were commercially very successful, few people took the reference to the Irish as blacks with any great seriousness. It was little more than a hook on which to hang an enjoyable but thin fictional story-line about a group of young workingclass Dubliners' bid for musical fame. Yet, five years before the publication of Doyle's novel, Sivanandan made a similar reference in a much more serious manner:


Gastric bezoars are rare but well known intraluminal formations in the gastrointestinal system. Reports for gastric bezoar treatment include dissolution, endoscopic retrieval and surgery (open and laparoscopic). We are presenting a case of 32 years old male patient presented with giant gastric bezoar complicated with large ulcer. The patient was operated laparoscopically with success. Laparoscopic surgery is safe alternative to open surgery for giant gastric bezoars treatment.


The authors study fair allocation in economies with indivisible goods. They look for subsolutions of the no-envy solution satisfying the property of consistency which says that the desirability of an allocation for some economy is unaffected by the departure of some of the agents with their allotted bundles. The authors show that essentially there is no proper subsolution of the no-envy solution satisfying consistency. However, many subsolutions satisfy a bilateral version of the condition and many satisfy its converse. But again, there is essentially no proper subsolution satisfying bilateral consistency and converse consistency together. Copyright 1991 by The Econometric Society.


In this paper, the Lie approximate symmetry analysis is applied to investigate new solutions of the nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation with a small parameter. The nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation is used to model many nonlinear phenomena. The hyperbolic function method and Riccati equation method are employed to solve some of the obtained reduced ordinary differential equations. We construct new analytical solutions with a small parameter which is effectively obtained by the proposed method.


SINCE COLONEL OGDEN BRU-rON 1 originally described a patient with agammaglobulinemia 20 years ago, many patients with primary immunodeficiencv diseases have been described and studied. As Experiments of Nature 2.3 these patients have raised critical questions which have, in a major way, guided the development of knowledge concerning the relationship between structure and function in the lvmphoid system and the development, organization and function of the immunologic apparatus in man. Indeed, an extraordinaryv interplay between clinical experience with patients with immunodeficiency on the one hand, and developing technical armamentarium and laboratory experiences on the other, has contributed in a major way to the great surge of immunobiologic knowledge over the past 20 years.4.5 Examples of this constructive interplay leap readily to mind. From the counterpoint immunologic relationships between Bruton-tvpe Xlinked infantile agammaglobulinemia and mveloma on the one hand, and the immunodeficiency of Hodgkin's disease on the other, it was possible, as earlv as 1957, for us to begin to speak of two immunitv systems instead of one and to seek understanding of the relationships between the two.6 Patients with Bruton-tvpe agammaglobulinemia were found to lack immunoglobulins and antibodies but to develop cell-mediated immunities eg, delayed allergy with great vigor. Thev were troubled by repeated infections with high-grade encapsulated pyogenic bacterial pathogens cg, pneumococcus, Hemophilus influenza bacilli, streptococcus, meningococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.7 At the same time, they were well able to resist infections with many viruses, fungi, tubercle bacilli and atypical acid-fast organisms. They did not have much clinical trouble with a variety of so-called lower grade gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Indeed, the organisms


Considered synonymous, child emotional and psychological abuse (hereafter referred to as psychological abuse) is a type of maltreatment that can be difficult for clinicians to detect and assess. Increasingly thought to be themost prevalent form of child maltreatment, psychological abuse involves nonphysical interactions by a caregiver toward a child, including acts of commission that place a child at risk for emotional harm. Pertinent issues for pediatricians include its prevalence, its determinants and risk factors, its negative shortand long-term outcomes, how to assess psychological abuse, and how to collaborate with child protection agencies. Psychological abuse is arguably the most poorly understood form of child maltreatment; compared with physical and sexual abuse, much less is known about its presentation, causes, consequences, prevention, and treatment. For the pediatrician, a key part of identifying psychological abuse is being attuned to interactions between children and their caregivers. Psychological abuse of a child or adolescent often manifests as a repeated pattern of behavior, but it can also involve a single incident. Examples of psychologically abusive behavior by caregivers include spurning (eg, ridiculing or humiliating), terrorizing (eg, threatening violence against a child or a child's loved ones), isolating (eg, restricting social interactions), corrupting/exploiting (eg, involving in illegal activities), and denying emotional responsiveness (eg, providing no praise). Although single incidents of these behaviors do not necessarily constitute psychological abuse, 1 severe incident, such as terrorizing a child, could be considered psychologically abusive. A caregiver may use 1 or more of these behaviors briefly or over a longer period. Exposure to psychological abuse has occurred if a caregiver's behavior inflicts harm or places a child at risk for harm. Examples of emotional impairment include a child or adolescent engaging in maladaptive behavior or feeling unloved, unwanted, or only of value to serve the means, desires, and purposes of the caregiver. In addition to physical and sexual abuse, psychological abuse can co-occur with neglect, including physical, medical, and psychological neglect. Notably, the term psychological maltreatment includes both psychological abuse and psychological neglect. Much less is known about the prevalence, antecedents, correlates, and outcomes of psychological abuse compared with other types of maltreatment. In addition, the studies that estimate the prevalence of psychological abuse are disproportionately focused on North American samples. Importantly, psychological abuse is likely the most underreported form of child maltreatment to child welfare authorities. Based on a recent meta-analysis of studies addressing psychological abuse, the prevalence was estimated to be only 0.3% when based on reports by professionals but was as high as 36% when determined by selfreports. Given that psychological abuse often lacks overt indicators of its occurrence, it is not surprising that prevalence rates based on reports by professionals are significantly lower than those based on self-reports of victimization. AUTHOR DISCLOSURE Dr Kimber has disclosed that she receives funding from the Public Health Agency of Canada to develop curricula on family violence, including child maltreatment. Dr MacMillan has disclosed that her institution receives funding from the Public Health Agency of Canada to develop panCanadian guidance and curricula on responding to family violence, including psychological abuse, and that she is principal investigator on the project. She receives honoraria as a speaker for continuing medical education presentations on topics that include psychological abuse and receives compensation as an expert witness on all aspects of child maltreatment. This commentary does not contain a discussion of an unapproved/investigative use of a commercial product/device.


Social remedy right is a fundamental human right both advocated in related human rights convention by U.N.and given to Chinese citizens by our constitution.Social remedy law acts as the foundation and an important branch in social security system.But after probing into our national background,we can conclude that the environments for promulgating the comprehensive social remedy law is immature and we should enact the singular law Social Remedy Law as soon as possible and build the social security law system with it as the core to make sure the establishment of lowest level's social security.


This paper presents the main achievements of phases I and II of a thematic project named "Rurbano Project: Characterization of the Brazilian New Rural Sector, 1981/99"", which aims at analyzing the main transformations occurring in the urban - rural relations in 11 Brazilian States. The research began in 1996 and currently is in its phase III. The phase I basically covered the types of occupation of rural residents and the phase II analyzed the income of agricultural multiple activities and non-agricultural families residing in rural areas. According to estimates, the number of rural workers and families devoted exclusively to agricultural activities has decreased rapidly, accompanied by an increase in the number of non-farming rural workers and families, that is, units where no members are engaged in agricultural activities. There was also a rapid increase in the number of rural families with unemployed and retired members. We also discuss the dynamics of occupation and income generation in the Brazilian rural areas and, finally, we propose groups of public policies that could improve the rural development, considering the new functions observed in the Brazilian rural areas. Key words: multiple activities, rural and agricultural occupations, non-agricultural activities, rural income, rural development policy.


Residential conveyancing solicitor, Chris Rhodes (pictured) has joined the Ilkley office of fast-growing law firm, Newtons Solicitors. Chris Rhodes, ...


Mission overview of the Solar Mesosphere Explorer is presented along with design analysis and summaries of results. The Solar Mesosphere Explorer is a spin stabilized satellite carrying a complement of four Ebert-Fastie spectrometers and a four-channel Mersenne radiometer. Description of the spectrometer is given including a telescope and its aberrations. The radiometer is also described with consideration given to isothermal and thermal design, a Winston paraboloid, and optical tolerances. These five instruments are for measuring the earth's ozone density and distribution and providing quantitative data about those processes which govern the formation and destruction of ozone.


Debunking some of the myths that have emerged in the transit field highlights the importance of effective communications in community and public transportation. If the decision is made not to communicate, it effectively allows a transit system to be defined by those least-positioned to provide an accurate portrayal, which is simply not an option. This article takes a look at why transit myths gain traction and what can be done to ensure they don't flourish.


Introduction 'Security' has a variety of connotations, depending upon one's perspective; security as survival; security as power; security as well-being. Ontological security, however, focuses on the relationship between identity, narrative and security. The concept of ontological security has permeated through a variety of disciplines in the social sciences, particularly since the publication of Giddens's Modernity and Self-Identity in 1991. Drawing originally from work in psychiatry, ontological security focuses on the nature of the security of the self. Ontological security is achieved through the creation of a series of relationships performed through everyday routines and practices. This helps individuals avoid being paralysed by deeply disturbing questions: what is life about? What happens when I die? These routines and everyday practices may involve work, the home, religion – and, for many, also relate to national identity. That is, for many who live in the United Kingdom, a firm sense of Britishness is part of the fabric of life upon which they can rely for predictability, and therefore this identity structure contributes to the ontological security of many individual British citizens. For some authors in international relations, such as Jennifer Mitzen and Brent Steele, it is possible to scale up the theoretical insights concerning ontological security from the individual to the level of the state. These are valuable and insightful approaches, which allow a number of key propositions to be made and tested. However, this is not the route followed here. I am not arguing that Mitzen and Steele are wrong – merely that their work is a rather different branch. The focus here is on how Britishness connects with the sense of security that pervades everyday life for particular sets of individuals.


made at least twenty applications. Some I covered with a small patch of cyanide gauze, and protected the gauze with plaster. The result in those was not so successful as in those which I left entirely uncovered; for the moisture from the portion of skin covered by the plaster, being unable to escape, interfered with the action of the remedy, and some of these spots required a second application. Broadstairs. THaos. F. RAVEN, L.R.C.P.


This paper will empirically examine the existence of ex ante moral hazard in health insurance market in Indonesia with respect to lifestyle choices such as smoking and obesity. A key challenge in understanding the moral hazard problem is endogeneity. Decisions regarding having insurance and lifestyle choices are arguably sequential, not simultaneous. Then, it is difficult to decide which one precedes the other. To address this problem, this paper uses a multivariate probit analysis. This paper uses three waves from the IFLS (Indonesian Family Life Survey) over 2000, 2007, and 2014, as these have information about insurance status, smoking behavior, and obesity condition. This paper finds evidence of the existence of ex ante moral hazard in health insurance for obesity of the head of household, but not for smoking. The multivariate probit regression shows that having health insurance increases the propensity of being obese. Using a wider sample, including all members of households, there is not sufficient evidence of the existence of ex ante moral hazard for either smoking or obesity. Surprisingly, the decisions between smoking and obesity are substitutes. This means that there are non-observable elements that increase the tendency to smoke, but reduce the propensity of being obese, and vice versa.


The international control of atomic energy: scientific information transmitted to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, June I4, 1946-October I4, 1946. Prepared in the office of BERNARD M. BARUCH. ("Publications of the department of state," No. 266I; "United States and the United Nations report series," No. 5.) Washington: Government Printing Office, I946. Pp. 195. $0.30. The servile state. By HILAIRE BELLOC. With an introduction by CHRISTIAN GAUSS. New York: Holt, I946. Pp. I89. $2.50.


In the last years, the need for automated processes has become common in our society.
Therefore, automation is of great value in many processes, including the execution
of experiments in laboratory practices. The case study aims at the development of a
low cost project of an embedded system that will be coupled to a mass spectrometer
with the objective of significantly reducing the time required for the setting of the
paper spray ionization technique, allowing the analysis of different samples through
a user friendly interface.


The article describes concrete pavement restoration (CPR) techniques that may present economical opportunities for extending the life of concrete pavements. It is pointed out how CPR may be considered as an alternative to the asphalt overlay, and can be used in municipalities to repair aged, faulted and otherwise deteriorated concrete pavements. Although some pavements may require only one or two CPR procedures to be performed on them, a complete CPR program involves 7 steps: slab stabilization (undersealing); replacement or patching of badly damaged slabs (full-, partial-depth patching); repair of spalls; sawing, cleaning and resealing joints and cracks; installation of load transfer support (add dowel bars); shoulder restoration, including drainage; and diamond cutting. The article gives details of diamond grinding, full-depth repair, and partial depth repair.


Introduction Studies on the behaviour, thoughts and feelings of people just before they attempt suicide have been reported (8,12,13). The psychopathological picture has been con sidered important enough to be charac terized as a syndrome or state, which is phenomenologically distinct and is composed of an integrated series of structured events (components). Corresponding to and linked with the person's pre-suicidal state is his state when the attempt has failed, and this usually follows in direct time sequence — a feeling of relief or resolution, with characteristic psychic and physiological changes. The clinical material upon which these observations are made was collected over a seven-year period and includes 222 con secutive cases of attempted suicide (14). The identification of a 'usual patient who survives the suicide attempt' is meant to cut across the various diagnostic categories represented in these data, as these states are really best considered as 'universal entities'. The statistical groupings and the structural variations of the pre-suicidal and postsuicidal states are not considered here as being related to diagnostic entities.


Human papillomaviruses (HPV) typically cause chronic infections by modulating homeostasis of infected basal cell to ensure persistence. Using FUCCI and cell-cell competition assays, we established the role of two common viral targets of low-risk and high-risk E6 proteins, E6AP and NHERF1, on four key components of epithelial homeostasis. These includes cell density, proliferation, commitment to differentiation and basal layer delamination. Our RNA sequencing results validated E6's effects on homeostasis and revealed similar transcriptional gene regulation of E6-expressing cells and E6AP-/- cells. For example, yes-associated protein (YAP) target genes were up-regulated by either E6 expression or E6AP depletion. This is also supported by YAP expression pattern in both monolayer cell culture and HPV-infected clinical tissues. As the conserved binding partner of Alpha group HPV E6 proteins, the precise role of E6AP in modulating keratinocyte phenotype and associated signalling pathways have not been defined. We demonstrate that deletion of E6AP in keratinocytes delayed the onset of differentiation and the abundance of E6AP is reduced in HPV-infected tissue. This suggests that Alpha E6 regulates epithelium homeostasis by inhibiting E6AP's activity, leading to alteration of multiple downstream pathways including YAP activation. Potential treatments can thus be developed to resolve the reservoir of HPV infection.


Contribution of the work consists in creation of a mathematical model (algorithm) for prediction of technological parameters of the two-high rolling stand DUO 210 Sva and Q110 at change of the absolute reduction Δh, for example for a deep-drawing steel and of the brand KOHAL grade 697 and low carbon steel, as well as generally speaking for any rolled material. It is possible to identify and predict on the basis of this algorithm an instant state of surface topography in respect to variable technological conditions. On this basis it is then possible to calculate and plot individual main technological parameters.


Relatively few measurements of indoor radon are currently available for homes in Poland. To begin to estimate the risk of homes in Poland to indoor radon, measurements of radon emanation from soils were collected in portions of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, the Sudety Mountains, and overlying glacial sediments. Radon emanation data from the study areas characterized the coal basin as having a medium or low radon potential, but extreme variability in some study areas suggests that fracture zones with localized upward movements of radon do exist. Radon emanation measurements taken from study areas in the Sudetes Mountains suggest that soils over most of the granite units, plus soils over some of the local gneisses and schists, have a high radon potential. Radon emanation measurements taken from study areas in glacial sediments have a low to medium radon potential.


Our field has indeed come far since Wisland broad application to the needs of our highly and Vaughn (1964) first described the comsophisticated special education systems, plexities of special education program ad ministration. Today's administrator has The Golden Rule much in common with this nation's presi dent. Like the problems confronting PresiBudSet preparation, as Newman (1956) dent Carter, many of the dilemmas which Polnted outhas lonS been recognized as currently beset special education program an administrator's most powerful tool. Used coordinators are the creation of rampant as a base for Plannlng and program co inflation, recurring energy crises, changing ordination it can represent the epitome of population characteristics and program Sood management practice. It is this part.c proliferation. Current emphasis on educaular asPect of the Carter-style financial tional programing for example, has paralmanagement which makes the technique leled declines in more easily administered valuable for the special education admin categorical groupings and self-contained istrator. Regardless of his organization's size special settings and 'evc' °f sophistication, the fundamentals The worthy objective of returning greater of squiring corUro1 throuSh zero based numbers of exceptional children to the inbudgeting, like the laws of the Meads and structional mainstream has placed additional Persians, remains unalterable. As an aid to demands on administrative skills at a time long-term planning and coordination the when operating costs are forcing larger Process can be adaPted to fit any or a11 of classes. For better or worse, program adthe many dellvery systems currently ava.l ministrators currently face the realities of able' and llke anclent Gaul> can be dlvlded having to ensure more sophisticated in'nto three parts. ° 1 Tl.. " . I..


Language is argued as a recognizable human right that can be enforced under international covenants. This theory of language as a human right is applied to the treatment of the Turks to undermine the Kurdish people in Turkey by subverting and constricting the Kurdish language. It is argued that, under such a linguistic theory, secession is permitted under international law and the creation of a new and recognizable government, separate from the previous host nation, across international borders where the concentration of the identifiable people is most dense.


Primary school students can benefit from feeling capable and confident that they could succeed in computer engineering. This study used music and creation-based learning in exploration of the computer program Code + Chords to help achieve that goal. Code + Chords is a customizable music visualization software that responds to the pitch and amplitude of a person's voice, giving users the interdisciplinary experience of working with coding, music, and technology. This research project was based on the question, "To what extent may self-efficacy be increased in music technology using Code + Chords programming?" Primary school participants explored music, coding, and technology at three St. Paul Public Libraries. These two-hour-long workshops fostered learning through multiple hands-on activities and use of the program Processing to support engagement with the Code + Chords program. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were taken to analyze student's experiences with the workshop as a whole. Survey results showed that the average participant's self-efficacy minutely decreased. Written observations of positive student engagement with Code + Chords alongside survey results suggest that, with improvements, there is strong potential for increased self-efficacy in future iterations of this workshop.


Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence is increasing. p53, a potent tumour suppressor, is rarely mutated in thyroid cancer, and it therefore seems plausible there are other means of wild-type p53 inactivation. Overexpression of the human pituitary tumor-transforming gene, and its binding factor PBF, have been found in thyroid cancer. hPTTG1 is a multifunctional protein with roles in cell cycle control, DNA repair and apoptosis. It possesses a dual role in tumourigenesis, through initiation via increased instability and aneuploidy, and progression through induction of growth factors. Research performed in this thesis has characterised a thyroidal hPTTG1-Tg overexpressing mouse model, showing reduced thyroid size due to reduced cellular proliferation. Characterisation of Pttg1 knockout mouse thyroids showed growth factor expression dysregulation and potential senescence of thyroid cells. We identified no effect of hPTTG1 over or underexpression on goitre induction. PBF is a relatively uncharacterised protein, which is transforming in vitro and tumourigenic in vivo. PBF is capable of increasing p53 degradation via increased ubiquitination, and work in this thesis shows this is dependent on MDM2, an E3 ligase and primary regulator of p53. Furthermore interactions between PBF and MDM2 were demonstrated. We showed that PBF binds to the E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD6, which also ubiquitinaties p53, and regulates its expression. Taken together this work has identified critical and novel findings on the roles of hPTTG1 and PBF in thyroid cancer.


Objectives Consistency of meningioma is important for preoperative planning, surgical resection, and predicting surgical outcomes. We prospectively evaluated the utility of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to assess the consistency of meningioma.
 Methods Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on 23 patients with meningioma before undergoing surgical resection and the average/mean of ADC minimum (ADCmin), maximum (ADCmax), and mean (ADCmean) values were calculated. Intraoperatively, the meningiomas were characterized as firm or soft and correlated with ADC values.
 Results ADCmin, ADCmax, and ADCmean values of soft and firm meningiomas were significantly different with a p-value of < 0.05. ADCmin value of < 691.3 × 10−6 mm2/s had 80% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity for identifying firm from the soft tumors with the area under the curve (AUC) = 0.862, p-value of 0.004, positive predictive value (PPV) 80, and negative predictive value (NPV) 84.6. ADCmax value of < 933.6 × 10−6 mm2/s had 70% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity for identifying firm from the soft tumors with AUC = 0.823, p-value of 0.009, PPV 77.8, and NPV 78.6. ADCmean value of < 840.8 × 10−6 mm2/s had 90% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity for identifying firm from the soft tumors with AUC = 0.900, p-value of 0.001, PPV 75, and NPV 90.9.
 Conclusion Diffusion-weighted MRI using ADC minimum, ADC maximum, and ADC mean values can be used to differentiate firm from soft meningiomas. Meningiomas with hard consistency showed relatively low ADC values.


Background and Purpose: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is increasingly used to treat high-grade carotid stenosis, but the impact of medication on carotid in-stent restenosis (ISR) has not been shown...


In recent years, academic research on ancient Chinese ideological and political education has achieved fruitful results. On the basis of correcting some traditional misunderstandings, the content, form, characteristics and contemporary value of ancient Chinese ideological and political education have become increasingly prominent. But at the same time, there are also obvious shortcomings and deficiencies, which are prominently manifested in the lack of necessary rational reflection on the essential attributes and historical limitations of traditional ideological and political education. From the perspective of Marxist human theory, we can reflect more deeply on the historical reference significance of ancient ideological and political education, thereby promoting the scientific inheritance and modern transformation of certain historical experiences in traditional ideological and political education.


Abstract Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter-Submillimeter Array (ALMA) became available to the community in late-2016. For the first time, high angular resolution (sub-arcsec) and high-time-resolution (1 s) observations of the Sun became possible at millimeter wavelengths, providing observations of the solar chromosphere that are uniquely complementary to those in O/IR and UV wavelengths. Here, an overview of current ALMA capabilities is provided, selected recent results of ALMA observations of the Sun are highlighted, and future capabilities are outlined.


Ethnomedicinal Plants are vast natural sources of significant medicinal organic and inorganic eco-friendly components that are used in various ailments of inhabitants. The study was conducted to document the indigenous practices of therapeutic plants of reserve forest area-Beed Jhunjhunu of Jhunjhunu District. The data was obtained from inhabitants of the area through interviews and method of questionnaires. This paper enumerates 53 plant species belong 35 families used by the local traditional practitioners. These plant species used in various diseases by surrounding people of the study area and also used in pharmaceutical industries. The purpose of the present study is to explore the medicinal values of these plant species and create awareness about the ethnic value.


Quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR) has been applied in the research for early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis(IA) for more than ten years with preferable sensitivities and specificities.However,various results were reported due to the variable procedures and specimens chosen.Standardization is needed for aspergillus identification.Progress and the utilization of qPCR in the diagnosis of IA were reviewed in this report.


The lateral buckling of single-plane continuous beam parabolic arch hybrid bridge subjected to a uniform vertical load is investigated.Based on energy principle,apractical formula is devised and also the influence coefficient of side span is proposed for the first time.The proposed practical formula is verified by comparing the analytical solutions with the finite element results.It is concluded that the simple and accurate practical formula proposed by taking into account the effects of comprehensive aspects can provide references and assistance for a better design of the similar type bridge.Moreover,a detailed parametric study shows that the side span has significant effect on the lateral stability and increasing the length of side span can further enhance the lateral stability within a reasonable sidemain-span ratio.


. The total water concentration in the benzene phase has been determined by coulometric titration in Fischer's reagent. The non-H-bonded water concentration has been investigated by a spectrophotometric method (near-IR, 5261 cm1, the v2 + v3 combination band of water). We found an increase in non-H-bonded water concentration as a function of the total water and the benzoic acid concentration in the benzene phase. The concentrations of -bonded water (i.e. hydration water) and of hydrated monomers of benzoic acid increase similarly, indicating that hydration of the 1:1 type is dominating in the benzene phase.


A one-day old male camel calf was presented to the Al-Qattara Veterinary Hospital with complaints of abdominal straining and lack of defecation. On examination it was found that the calf had no tail, the posterior sacral margin was blunt and the anal opening was absent. The case was diagnosed as congenital anury with atresia ani. The animal was sedated with 0.1 mg/kg of xylazine administered intramuscularly and under local infiltration with 2% lidocaine a circular incision was made at the anal area to create an anal opening. The animal passed plenty of meconium. The cut edges were sutured with horizontal mattress sutures. The animal was administered penicillin and streptomycin for 5 days and had an uneventful recovery. It is reported that congenital anury rarely occurs in one humped camel and accompanied atresia ani can be surgically treated.


Uveal melanoma is a rare ocular malignancy with intrinsic resistance to conventional systemic chemoterapy. This study investigated paraffin embedded samples of 31 patient with primary choroidal and ciliary body melanoma in order to determine the presence of tumor cells that express putative cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD117 (c-kit), CD34, CD20 and CD15 and their possible impact on survival.
Immunohistochemical expression of CD133 was observed in 16 of 22 samples with AEC chromogen. CD117 expression was observed in 12 of the 31 samples when AEC chromogen was used and in 14 of 26 samples when DAB was used. CD15 positivity was seen in 3 out of 30 samples with AEC and in 6 out of 26 samples with DAB. CD20 and CD34 exhibited no positivity in the tested samples.
During the average follow-up time of 8.7 years, more than half of the patients died due to metastatic disease. The Kaplan-Meier plots showed a significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival in CD117-positive patients when AEC chromogen was used. CD133 and CD15 expression had no impact on patients' survival. In multivariate analysis, patients expressing CD117 AEC had 4 times higher risk of lethal outcome in comparison with CD117 AEC negative patients.


Carrier transport processes in hydrogenated amorphous silicon-based thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFT's! are investigated by spin-dependent transport ~SDT!. Spin-dependent photoconductivity ~SDPC! signals arising from less than 10 spins in a small transistor are detected with an adequate signal-to-noise ratio. SDPC measurements reveal two different limiting steps for the light-induced leakage current in TFT's depending on the gate voltage: bulk recombination in undoped a-Si:H and recombination near the source junction. Also, the leakage current mechanism under high source-drain fields is identified by SDT measurements in the dark as electron hopping via defect states located at the interface between undoped a-Si:H and the passivation silicon nitride layer. Both silicon dangling bonds and nitrogen dangling bonds seem to be involved in the electron hopping process. At temperatures below 100 K, spin-dependent hopping of electrons in conduction-band tail states is observed. The change of the dominant transport path from extended state conduction to variable range hopping conduction with decreasing temperature is confirmed by SDT measurements. @S0163-1829~96!00436-5#


We study the interaction between supply- and demand-side factors and its effect on innovation. Employing a quasi-natural experiment, we show that a shift in demand has an impact on innovation and this effect is conditional on an enabling supply-side environment. Specifically, we exploit a shift in product demand generated by Medicare approvals for reimbursement coverage of medical devices. Using a triple-difference approach, we find that innovation is significantly greater for medical device firms that experience a positive shock to demand due to the Medicare approvals when the firms are exposed to a more favorable supply-side environment. The highest level of innovation is accomplished when all three of our supply-side factors: venture capital (industry), universities (academia), and National Institutes of Health grants (government) are concentrated in one place. These findings show that (i) a positive interaction between supply- and demand-side factors fosters innovation, and (ii) the trilateral intersection of industry, academia, and government creates the highest level of innovation.


The stability of penicillin in solutions of ephedrine has been determined. At refrigerator temperatures the stability of penicillin is not appreciably affected by ephedrine. At room and incubator temperatures ephedrine exerts an appreciable effect on the stability of penicillin in some preparations. This effect is greatest on crystalline sodium penicillin and commercial calcium penicillin and least when commercial sodium penicillin is used.


Abstract:California presents a puzzle for scholars of US climate politics. In the early 2000s, it passed the country's strongest climate laws despite the presence of the very factors that ostensibly explain their failure at the federal level: a fragmented system of government with multiple veto points, an active interest group landscape, and a major fossil fuel industry. Moreover, this was achieved under a Republican governorship in a state defined by automobile dependence. Scholars in political science and economics explain California's exceptional policy emergence by reference to unique "focusing events" in the state, the leadership of elected officials, and the support of a broad advocacy coalition in Sacramento. This article presents an alternative explanation grounded in Gramscian political sociology. It marshals new evidence to argue that the political mobilization of Silicon Valley was the crucial factor in the emergence of California's climate regime. Silicon Valley's economic power, extraordinary potential to serve as the engine of a high-tech "green" capitalism, and its lead position in a new business-environmental bloc allowed it to overcome the resistance of the fossil fuel industry and to present climate policy as a winning economic strategy. This suggests that a credible plan for spurring growth, supported by significant fractions of capital, is necessary for achieving comprehensive climate policy.


Objective:To study the expression of P27 and PTEN in gastric carcinoma and their relationship with the clinicopathological features of the disease.Methods:The expression of P27 and PTEN were detected by immunohistochemistry S-P method in 20 specimens of normal gastric mucous and 54 of gastric carcinoma.Rusults :The positive expression of P27 and PTEN between gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucous was significantly different(P0.05);The positive expression of P27 and PTEN in gastric carcinoma was much lower than that in normal gastric mucous;The positive expression of P27 was related with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage,but it was not related with cellular differentiation,sex and age;The positive expression of PTEN was related with lymph metastasis,TNM stage and cellular differentiation,but it was not related with sex and age;There was a positive correlation between the P27 expression and PTEN expression.Conclusion :The expression of P27 and PTEN were related with the occurrence and metastasis of gastric carcinoma;The detection of P27 and PTEN expression may be used as important indexes to judge pronosis of gastric carcinoma.


HRM can be considered to be responsibility of all those who manage people as well as a description of persons who are employed as specialists. It is that part of management that involves planning for human resource needs, including recruitment and selection, training and development. It also includes welfare and safety, wage and salary administration, collective bargaining and dealing with most aspects of industrial relations. The integration between the management of human resources and psychology is arguably the prime factor delineating HRM theory and practice from its more traditional personnel management origins. Selection of the personnel has long been recognized as a key activity within HR and this article seeks to explore the extent to which its practice provides evidence of such strategic alignment. In modern times, the role of human resource (HR) managers has changed as HR policies are planned in accordance with the changing global environment. Their role has expanded to include team building and development of intellectual capital (IC). Workforce diversity has driven many CEOs and HR directors to develop a systematic method for dealing with and ensuring cooperation from the workforce in order to maintain organizational discipline. Rapid advancement, innovations, and changing business trends provide a platform for HR managers to formulate strategies.


A temperature-insensitive displacement sensor based on high-birefringence photonic crystal fiber loop mirror (Hi-Bi PCFLM) is proposed. Through the measurement of transmission peak wavelength of the Hi-Bi PCFLM, this displacement sensor quantifies the free end displacement of a uniform-strength cantilever beam, on which part of Hi-Bi PCF is pasted. We have theoretically analyzed its operation principle, which is validated by our experimental results. This displacement sensor has the sensitivity of 0.28286 nm/mm and 0.27024 nm/mm over a range from –21 mm to 21 mm for two adjacent peak wavelengths, respectively. Experimental observation indicates that this sensor has good stability through a temperature range from 40 °C to 109.5 °C.


We consider hyperbolic systems of conservation laws which are discretized in space by spectral collocation methods and advanced in time by finite difference schemes. At any time-level we introduce a domain decomposition method based on an iteration-by-subdomain procedure yielding at each step a sequence of independent subproblems (one for each subdomain) that can be solved simultaneously. The method is set for a general nonlinear problem in several space variables. The convergence analysis, however, is carried out only for a linear one-dimensional system with continuous solutions. A precise form of the error reduction factor at each iteration is derived. Although the method is applied here to the case of spectral collocation approximation only, the idea is fairly general and can be used in a different context as well. For instance, its application to space discretization by finite differences is straightforward.


We derive a theory for transmission through disordered finite superlattices in which the interface roughness scattering is treated by disorder averaging. This procedure permits efficient calculation of the transmission thr ough samples with large cross-sections. These calculations can be performed utilizing either the Keldysh or the Landauer-B\"uttiker transmission formalisms, both of which yield identical equations. For energies close to the lowest miniband, we demonstrate the accuracy of the computationally efficient Wannier-function approximation. Our calculations indicate that the transmission is strongly affected by interface roughness and that information about scale and size of the imperfections can be obtained from transmission data.


Allantomyces caenidarum sp.nov., a trichomycete fungus that lives in the hindgut of Tasmanocoenis sp. (Caenidae) mayfly nymphs in southwestern Western Australian streams, is described. In addition to normal trichospores and zygospores that serve to reinfest other nymphs, A. caenidarum also produces what may be modified trichospores that serve to increase gut infestation endogenously. The same species of mayfly also harbored a new species, Legeriomyces raus, which belongs to a genus previously known only from North America and Europe. Key words: Caenidae, Allantomyces, Australia, Tasmanocoenis, Trichomycetes, Legeriomyces.


The aim of this study is to investigate, identify, and describe children's concepts of teachers ways of relating to play. This study relates to the need to discern children's concepts of different phenomena in their lives. One-hundred-and-seventeen children from the age of five to nine were interviewed about their concept of how teachers relate to play. The main findings of this study suggest that children like the teacher to take part in the play, but there are prerequisites. Teachers need to be more aware of children's concepts and to take them seriously.


Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is common in people who do not have underlying connective tissue diseases. In this prospective community-based study of the


A novel electrochemical method of benzoylating aminoalcohols 2 by use of methyl benzoates 1 at room temperature was developed. 2-Aminoethanols 2 (n = 0, R3 = H) and 3-aminopropanols 2 (n = 1, R3 = ...


Provided is an oral care composition comprising a phosphate/acrylate co-polymer, a whitening agent and an orally acceptable carrier and methods of using the same.


Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) due to their infrastructure less structure are more susceptible to security problems. These networks are unprotected against various types of malicious nodes. Out of the various attacks, selective packet drop attack is the most notorious attack, which reduces the network performance in the terms of various parameters. This type of attack randomly drops the packets in the network and these malicious nodes are very hard to predict. There are various Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) proposed so far, in order to prevent the MANETs from selective packet dropping problems. Among the existing mechanisms, Diffie-Hellman and HMAC function based techniques are more suitable countermeasures against selective packet dropping problem in MANETs. There are various shortcomings of these techniques. In this paper, we first describe Diffie-Hellman based and then HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based techniques for intrusion detection in MANETs. Then, we have discussed the shortcomings of both of these techniques. In the next section, we proposed a new hybrid technique DHHP (Diffie-Hellman and HMAC based Protection) which utilize the properties of both of these existing techniques for preventing MANETs against selective packet dropping problem. The proposed technique is based on monitoring mode, which removes the limitations of both of the existing techniques and improves the performance of MANETs in the terms of various parameters. The proposed technique is implemented in NS2 simulator and experimental results clearly depict the improved performance of network after isolating the malicious nodes. Keywords— MANETs, Selective Packet drop attack, DiffieHellman, HMAC, DHHP, Intrusion Detection System. 1744 Opinder Singh, Dr. Jatinder Singh and Dr. Ravinder Singh


The Look-East Policy was launched in 1992 with the objective that economic integration with Southeast Asian countries would provide an opportunity for growth and transformation of the country because these were the fastest-growing economies. The Indian economy was opening up. The Act-East Policy was succeeded by the Look-East Policy in 2014. This policy was to have greater engagement with countries in Southeast Asia. The Act-East Policy gave importance to economic cooperation, greater connectivity, and security ties. By departing from the traditional foreign policy imperatives, this policy focused on removing the barriers and remoteness of Northeast India. It represents the development model of this region. There has been a sizeable increase in trade output with Southeast Asian countries and an increase in foreign investment. This policy has helped India strengthen its place in the global economy. However, northeastern states have not developed much. The poor section of society and the indigenous residents have not gained from export-oriented and capital-intensive projects.


Forest fire prevention alarm system of wireless transmission is a system using fire-alarm detectors which are fixed by dispersing as its basic composition units.A detector was composed of a solar energy battery as its power source,an infrared fire detection device and a Zigbee wireless transceiver.These detectors are communicated with each other by wireless ways,and transmitted the fire alarms to the forest fire prevention command center by the internet.The communication protocol which is for signal-submergence prevention and system function realization is presented,and communication simulation is also carried out.


In recent years, with the development of the information technology, data has become the key factor of promoting the development of modern economic society. Many developed countries called for rising the big data to the country strategy. In this context,by viewing the status of the global big data industry, it is not difficult to find that the developed countries have incorporated the big data into the national strategy and have accelerated the layout of the big data. The big data chain is more complete and market prospects are broad. The reason why big data has an important strategic position is that the data has become a key factor in promoting modern social and economic development. In view of this, China should accelerate the implementation of the national strategy for large data to accelerate the pace of open data, develop effective data security system, actively promote the application of technology innovation and form a chain collaborative innovation environment as soon as possible.


A sol–gel-derived Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 (PMNT) thin film was prepared using spin coating and a PbO cover coat technique. The amount of lead excess in the precursor solution had significant effects on the phase development and microstructure of the PMNT film. The PbO cover coat proved to be effective on suppressing the formation of pyrochlore phases. PMNT thin films with a pure perovskite structure were obtained by adding 30 mol% excess lead in the precursor solution and coating the PbO layer on the top of the film. The remnant polarization (Pr), the dielectric constant (ɛr), and the dissipation factor (tan δ) of these thin films, which had a thickness of 150 nm, were determined to be 9 μC/cm2, 1370, and 0.031, respectively.


This research seeks to explore the integration of Industry 4.0 in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Projects. CSR is an ever-evolving concept due to its multidimensionality. Although Industry 4.0 unfolds the opportunity for ideas, and infusion of technologies that increase project management (PM) success, organisations are reluctant to fully embrace industry 4.0 and integrate it into their CSR projects. There is a dearth of research on the deployment of Industry 4.0 in CSR projects. A systematic review of recent literature on CSR projects reveals that companies are not eager to upgrade the project deliverables and proficiency in the PM process by integrating relevant 4.0 tools. Is this because of the trade-off between cost and benefit of investing in 4IR deployment in the CSR project? The study found top management commitment as paramount for this technological integration. Efforts should be made to demystify the perceived risk of Industry 4.0. Further, it is recommended that implementers are upskilled and educated on the benefits of embracing the 4IR tools. The 4IR integration strategy must be developed with the involvement of all stakeholders to obtain their commitment and minimize resistance during implementation. Future studies should empirically assess the impact of Industry 4.0 on CSR projects.


This article analyzes forms of regulation of gender and sexuality in their relationship with the normative discourses triggered by the discursive production of the 'aging'. Seeking the games of truth that surround the experience of elderly men with homo erotic practices, this study (the result of a doctoral thesis in Education) tried to understand how the modern discursive practices can build and materialize the aging body as "abject".


DFT studies are employed to investigate the mechanism and origins of selectivities in the Ni-catalyzed asymmetric anti-hydrometalative cyclization of alkynones.


Objective To estimate the effects of parecoxib sodium on the patients with agitation during emergence from general anesthesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods Eighty patients with ASA I~Ⅱ underwent general anesthesia for LC were randomly assigned to two groups: control group,prior to induction of anesthesia,normal saline solution 5 ml were intravenously injected;observation group,parecoxib sodium 40 mg were administered intravenously before induction of anesthesia.Two groups were compared on awaked time,extubation time,heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),pulse oxygen saturation(SPO2),incidence of agitation during emergence from general anesthesia,and incidence of nausea,vomiting,and respiratory depression within 24 hours postoperatively.Results There were no significant differences between two groups on the awake time and the extubation time during emergence from general anesthesia(P0.05),on the SPO2 of each record time there was no statistical differences between two groups(P0.05).However,on the HR,MAP and the incidence of agitation,in the observation group were significantly lower than in the control group(P0.05),and no respiratory depression was found in the observation group,there were also no statistical differences between two groups on the incidence of nausea and vomiting within postoperative 24 hours(P0.05).Conclusion The major finding of this study is that,preoperative intravenous administration of parecoxib sodium 40 mg can significantly reduce the incidence of agitation during emergence from general anesthesia in those patients after LC.


The aim of this study was to observe the effects of wet aging time of beef muscle Gluteus medius on the textural and technological parameters. Meat samples (400 g) were aged by  wet ageing process for 21 days and were periodically analyzed at 2, 7, 12, 17 and 21 days respectively. The pH value registered a slight increase during the 21 days of ageing. Cooking loss increased over the 21-day ageing period by 1.03%. The ageing time affected the instrumental colour measurements. The Cie-Lab parameters have changed slightly through in an increase in lightness, L * , and yellowness, b * , but they did not affect redness, a * . The color difference, ΔE * , between the control samples and the aged samples was highlighted, both in raw and cooked meat samples. Mechanical tests were performed on both raw and thermally treated samples. The results of Warner Bratzler mechanical test showed decreases as compared with control samples (P <0.05). The TPA parameters such as: hardness, resilience, springiness, adhesiveness, chewiness, gumminess and cohesiveness) were signifficaly modified (P <0.05), during 21 days of wet ageing.


Is there a Jewish conception of the individual subject? The issue is quite problematic, for several reasons: 1) it is difficult to speak of Judaism in a monolithic manner, because Judaism is a multifaceted reality, varying according to different epochs and places, to the point that we should speak of "Judaisms", in the plural; 2) if the question of the individual subject is connected to the vision that the Western (meaning, European, essentially Christian) culture has constructed, Judaism can hardly be defined as "Occidental" or "Oriental". After a short analysis of these two points, we present the conceptions of the individual subject as developed by two major Jewish thinkers of the twentieth century: Martin Buber (1878-1965) and Erich Fromm (1900-1980). Both based their visions on traditional Jewish sources (Bible, Talmud) but attributed them a universal value.


Objective:To understand the status of over-diagnosis and over-treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in medical institutions,provide a basis for making standardizing and regulatory diagnosis and treatment criterions of vulvovaginal candidiasis,in order to reduce the cost and save medical sources.Methods:93 doctors who were working in the obstetrics and gynecology department,skin and venerology section,family planning department and clinical laboratory of the general hospitals,specialized hospitals,family planning services centers and private hospitals were surveyed by anonymous questionnaires,the actual diagnosis and treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis were understood,then the results were compared with clinical operating instructions.Results:The average age of the investigated doctors was(38.6±9.3) years old,from 22 years to 61 years;the average medical work time was 16.3 years;educational levels: the proportions of college and university,master or higher,other educational levels were 62.4%,23.7% and 13.9%,respectively;among 39 laboratory doctors,29 doctors had over-diagnosis,accounting for 74.4%;among the clinical doctors,35.2% of them selected laboratory diagnosis as standard,77.8% of them had over-diagnosis;77.8% of the clinical doctors had over-treatment;during the course of treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis,the treatment was not standard;asymptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis affected the process of family planning operations.Conclusion:The status of excess medical treatment in clinical doctors and medical laboratory doctors are severe,which affect the process of family planning operations;thus,the standardized management of clinical work of clinical diagnosis and treatment should be enhanced to save medical sources.


S 01 the IXth World Congress of 18AO / nth Congress 01 ESAO Amsterdam, July 4-8, 1993 509 Driving, Control and Monitoring of Total Artificial Heart: Technical viewpoint of clinical experience H. Schima, A. Moritz, A. Prodinger, W. Trubel, A. Laczkovics, H. Thoma, U. Losert, E. Wolner 2nd Dept. of Surgery, LBI of Cardiac Research, Univ. of Vienna, Austria since 1986 artificial hearts and bypass ventricles developed by our group were used for bridge to transplant (7 TAH, 4 transplanted, 3 survived > 1 month 1 survived > 2 years; 5 LVAD, 1 BIVAD, 3 transplanted, 2 survived > 1 month, 2 survived > 2 years). Pneumatic drivers with backup battery and compressor and computerized monitoring were used. Besides checking technical integrity the following physiological alarm conditions were implemented: Range of driving pressure and vacuum, range and equivalence of left and right cardiac output, proper filling and emptying of ventricles and proper sequence of flow patterns. Pump output was adjusted to achieve normal oxygen consumption (02-Utilization approx. 25 %) • using both TAH and VAD of the same type, allowed comparison between these two assist principles, although the limited number of implants must be considered. Pump output was significantly higher in TAH at lower 02U ratio, which however did not significantly influence survival rate (Table 1). Hemodynamic conditions of the vascular bed were observed to be very instable in the first hours after operation and stabilized afterwards especially in the patients with good prognosis. Pump adjustment was less sensible in VAD, probably due to the natural heart in parallel. The computerized alarm system did detect abnormal situations always in time to take action. The acceptance by the nursing staff was better for the VAD system, as its function could be directly visually observed, with lower vigilance to prevent device failure (Which never occurred with both systems) and more time to react because of the presence of the natural heart. This is of special importance for centers with infrequent use of such devices. In conclusion, VAD showed considerable lower complexity in application and standard monitoring. TAH allows a considerably higher level of pumping activity, which however in our case did not lead to an increased survival rate.


For the issues of node mobility and energy efficiency in mobile sensor networks(MSNs),an algorithm of clustering based on Time Division Multiplexing Access and event triggering is proposed.For the application background of the mobile network,the proposed algorithm combines analyzing the remaining energy of nodes and the mobility of the cluster head with TDMA to achieve perform clustering.It can reduce the number of clusters reconstruction in MSM,balance the node energy consumption effectively and prolong the lifetime time of the network.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has reduced the number of cluster reconstruction by 6.0 % in comparison with CBVRP and prolonged the lifetime by 10 % against MCR.


Recent developments in the chemistry of cyclopentadienyl derivatives of the alkaline-earth (group 2) metals are reviewed. New complexes and their applications in organometallic and materials synthesis reflect the growing number of ways that can be used to manipulate the alkaline-earth−cyclopentadienyl bond. Complementing the experimental work are computational studies using density functional theory methods. These can now reproduce the geometries of many group 2 molecules with encouraging accuracy and have provided new insight into the energetics of metal−ring bonding. The progress made in group 2 cyclopentadienyl chemistry in the past decade indicates that more expansion can be expected.


The invention provides moringa oleifera pig feed, which is characterized by consisting of the following components in percentage by mass: 38 to 60 percent of corn, 10 to 16 percent of bean pulp, 12 to 18 percent of rice bran, 7 to 38 percent of moringa oleifera powder and 0.2 to 1 percent of salt. The moringa oleifera pig feed contains rich crude protein, crude fiber, mineral substances, vitamine, and multiple antioxidative, antibacterial and antiphlogistic active ingredients such as moringa oleifera flavone; the content of crude fat is low; the ratio of amino acid is appropriate; any chemical medicine or chemical raw material is not added; the moringa oleifera pig feed does not have toxic or side effects; after being fed, pigs gain weight quickly; the metabolic capacity of pig organisms can be improved; immunity and disease resistance are strengthened; the marketing time is short; the lean meat percentage is high; the cholesterol is low; acidification can be lightened; the generation of pale soft exudative (PSE) pork is prevented; and quality of the pork is improved.


Abstract The Persons Abroad Regulations form a minor and arcane part of British social security legislation but although little known or discussed they have major implications. Except in cases where Britain has reciprocal social security agreements with other countries, these Regulations govern whether people can continue to be paid their benefit when they go abroad with different restrictions applying to different benefits. The Regulations thus raise some fundamental issues about the nature and extent of rights to social security and there are also questions to be asked about the role of reciprocal agreements and the policies underlying them. In addition the history of the Regulations throws a good deal of light on the disjunction between policy formulation and social and demographic change, and their current operation illustrates how legal and organisational complexities can hamper understanding. The article explores these issues and also makes a suggestion for minimising the impact of this legislation ...


We give a complete description of relations between observable and natural measures in connection with invariance, ergodicity and absolute continuity.


Prediction of the properties other than moment carrying capacity of GFRP plated RC beams does not have any straight forward mechanism. This study presents a General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) based computational model for predicting the yield load, ultimate load, yield deflection, ultimate deflection, deflection ductility and energy ductility of such beams. Results from experimental investigations carried out on nine RC beams with steel ratios of 0.419, 0.603 and 0.905% plated 0, 3 and 5 mm thick GFRP laminates were used for generating the GRNN model. The predictions of the model closely agreed with experimental results.


The utility model discloses a charge and discharge equalization circuit for a series battery based on inductance energy storage and every battery unit module is connected with a set of equalization sub circuit. A positive end of the series battery is connected with a VCC, and a negative end of the series battery is connected with GND. The series battery is divided into a front portion and a rear portion by a connection point N. The number of the battery unit module in the front portion is more than the number of the battery unit module in the rear portion at most by one. The battery unit module in the front portion is provided with odd batteries. The battery unit module in the rear portion is provided with even batteries. The equalization sub circuits connected with the odd batteries are considered as odd equalization sub circuits and the equalization sub circuits connected with the even batteries are considered as even equalizer sub circuits. A battery management system transmits equalization instructions to a control circuit according to residual battery capacity of each battery in the battery. The control circuit charges for or discharges for the batteries connected with the control circuit by controlling switching-on and switching-off of an upper bridge-arm MOS transistor Qu or a lower bridge-arm MOS transistor Qd on each equalization sub circuit, so that each battery is protected from the over-charging and over-discharging conditions in the charging and discharging processes.


Cross-fault permeability measurement was conducted on the Wenchuan earthquake fault.The results showed that this earthquake fault consists of fault core with low permeability (2.4×10~(-19)- 3.8×10~(-16) m~2),highly permeable damaged zone (3.7×10~(-16)- 3.0×10~(-15) m~2) and the fractured protolith (6.0× 10~(-18)-4.3×10~(-13) m~2) (40 MPa effective pressure) ,among which fresh gouges on the main slip surface are the most impermeable.Impeded by the impermeable protolith and fault gouge,cross-fault fluid flow was inhibited and fluid activity was confined within the damaged zone.This recognition is consistent with microstructure and grain size distribution of fault rocks.Condition of co-seismic thermal pressurization was calculated and the results showed that at depth greater than 2 km,the main slip zone of Wenchuan earthquake has the characteristics of low permeability for thermal pressurization to occur.


With the rapid development of economy in the world,the group dispute shows the trend of escalation in many countries.The academic research and the practice of group action also receive more and more attention in various countries.From a global perspective,the development of group action mainly presents the following tendency:group action system has been established by more and more countries and got greater development.Many countries pay attention to the pluralistic group action mechanism.Various countries exert the value and function of group action on one hand and limit its negative influence as far as possible on the other hand.


ABSTRACT Rhodococcus rhodochrous NCIMB 11216 produced nitrile hydratase (320 nkat mg of protein−1) and amidase activity (38.4 nkat mg of protein−1) when grown on a medium containing propionitrile. These enzymes were able to hydrolyze nitrile groups of both granular polyacrylonitriles (PAN) and acrylic fibers. Nitrile groups of PAN40 (molecular mass, 40 kDa) and PAN190 (molecular mass, 190 kDa) were converted into the corresponding carbonic acids to 1.8 and 1.0%, respectively. In contrast, surfacial nitrile groups of acrylic fibers were only converted to the corresponding amides. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that 16% of the surfacial nitrile groups were hydrolyzed by the R. rhodochrousenzymes. Due to the enzymatic modification, the acrylic fibers became more hydrophilic and thus, adsorption of dyes was enhanced. This was indicated by a 15% increase in the staining level (K/Svalue) for C.I. Basic Blue 9.


: Inflammation of the mucosal immune system is a common occurrence (saliva). The masticatory process and salivary enzymes destroy antigenic material that enters the mouth cavity, yet it can still activate immunological responses. Many soluble components are secreted by epithelial cells or incorporated into oral cavity fluids. Defensins, histatins, lysozyme, and lactoferrin all have antibacterial action. They appear to work synergistically with secretory IgA. The objectives of this study is to examine the immunological parameters (concentration of total IgA and secretory IgA) of the oral fluid of the examined individuals in normal and pathological conditions; and to identify the sensitivity/resistance of microorganisms-the main representatives of the oral microflora to antimicrobial drugs widely used in modern therapeutic practice (antibiotics) in vitro. To measure secretory IgA in oral fluid, we used a solid-phase immunoassay and a ZAO Vector Best sIgA ELISA BEST strip. The "secretory IgA-ELISA" reagent collection is designed to quantify secretory IgA in body fluids using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measures secretory IgA. The t-test was used to assess the significance of differences across indicator groups. Results indicated that amount of total IgA in oral fluid is significantly lower in people with dental and periodontal problems than in people who are healthy. This indicates a decrease in oral cavity resistance and an increase in carious/periodontal processes. Caries and/or periodontal disease have been linked to lgA deficiency. The results showed that staphylococci and streptococci dominated the oral cavity microbiota in the comparison groups. In addition to this, Neisseria and Veillonella were found. Streptococci accounted for 57 percent of all microorganisms planted in this biotope. Enterobacteria accounted for up to 15%, whereas Neisseria accounted for about 4% and 2%. The decrease in sIgA levels in periodontitis patients' saliva indicates a lack of local mucous membrane protection, increasing the risk of caries and periodontitis. The lower sIgA levels in the mouth make tooth tissue more susceptible to caries-causing microbe adherence than in healthy people.


A simulation model of hay-making in southern Australia was developed to evaluate alternative machinery systems and management policies in terms of the digestible dry matter yield of hay and of the harvesting time. The main simulation is based on a series of sub-models associated with pasture growth, hay-drying, hay losses, weather forecasts and management. Field-drying experiments with unconditioned and conditioned pasture were conducted to develop the hay drying sub-model which also includes the effect of dew and rain. The growth of pasture is simulated on a daily basis and the hay-making activities (machinery operations, field-drying of hay and quantitative and qualitative changes-in hay) are simulated on an hourly basis. Hay-making operations were simulated using 16 years of historical weather data for Laverton, Victoria. This gave analysis of alternative hay-making policies and machinery systems in terms of digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and harvest time. Management factors such as weather prospects after cutting, maximum cut crop allowed in the swath, and maturity at the start of season, were found to affect the DDM yield and harvest time. To achieve a significant increase in DDM yield of hay, either an improvement in the accuracy of weather forecasting is necessary or the drying time in the field must be reduced by applying a treatment such as conditioning of the crop at the time of cutting.


Based on an analysis of the use of the state-owned allocated land,this paper explains the concept of the allocated land as well as the obtaining,renting,mortgage and value of the land,and argues that the use right of the allocated land is essentially a right of property,along with some proposals for the reform of use right of the state-owned allocated land of China.


This paper conveys the experiences of the South African automotive industry as it attempted to implement the ISO 14001 standard. Through a questionnaire-based survey, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well as larger companies were asked about the key motivations for engaging in environmental change, the benefits accrued and the barriers that prevented them from doing so. This paper analyzes the variation in adoption rates in order to establish different relationships between them. The results reveal substantial differences and some similarities with regard to the hurdles, benefits and motivations behind the implementation of environmental management systems (EMSs) that are hidden behind corporate rhetoric and commitment to sustainability. This paper concludes by prescribing robust recommendations that would set off the pace for government officials to incorporate effective and realistic incentives into future policy to better encourage environmental compliance and improved performance while minimizing costs both to businesses and to the Government. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.


The Imago Dei in protological, Christological and eschatological perspective This article discusses the significance of the concept of the "imago Dei" for theological anthropology. Genesis 1 deliberately gives the concept an "open" meaning to make further theological reflection on the nature thereof possible. A purely protological understanding of the concept is therefore insufficient. The New Testament provides the "imago Dei" with a Christological and eschatological understanding that is essential for a correct understanding of the concept as well as for the development of a theological anthropology.


INTRODUCTION Over the last decade, considerable efforts have gone into both biomedical image processing rpd computational biomechanical modeling. Since it is difficult to mentally visualize the three dimensional (3D) anatomical structure from 2D Magnetic Resonance (MR) or Computer Tomography (m Images, 3 0 visualization techniques have become increasingly prevalent. Such techniques are currently used to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions, and for the planning of surgical procedures in which visibiliry of anatomical landmarks is limited. The field of Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) has also shown rapid advances in computer technology. One of these advances, the finite element (!?E) method, has become a widely llsed tool. in biomechanical studies, because of its powerful capabilities of modeling irregular geomemes and non-linear mataial behavior. However, 3D FE geometry reconstruction of 2D CT scans using commercially available FE software is still very time-consuming, and currently used procedures introduce digitization errors, which result in a biased solid geometry. The objective of this study was to use the techniques of 3D visualization to advance the accllracy of biomechanical modeling. In particular, we wanted to (i) develop an interactive software tool to automatically create and visualize 30 solid images from 2D CT data; and (ii) develop an interface to import the 3D solids into commercially available FE software for biomechanical analysis. .


Abstract In the active delta of the Mississippi River, Phragmites australis occurs in large contiguous stands of predominantly two clonal genotypes. We determined morphological variability among and within clones in this environment. Eight morphological variables were measured on culms from eight clonal populations within three subdeltas. Six populations were from the two dominant genotypes, whereas two populations were of two recombinant genotypes. All eight populations were genetically assessed from previous isozymic analysis. Culm, leaf and panicle morphology varied significantly between the two predominant genotypes, whereas the morphology of the two recombinant genotypes generally fell intermediate to that of both dominant genotypes. Morphological differences found within genotypes among the three subdeltas demonstrated phenotypic plasticity within P. australis. Morphological variability across subdeltas is likely the result of one or several environmental factors related to water depth or substrate quality.


In 1951, Lyman Duff1 published an outstanding critical analysis of the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis based on his extensive studies of both human lesions and those induced experimentally in rabbits by feeding them cholesterol. Most of the conclusions arrived at then by Duff are still tenable today, despite the tremendous increase in the number of investigators, the amount of money spent, and the many improvements in techniques applied to the study of naturally occurring and experimentally induced arterial degeneratory diseases in a wide variety of animals, from pigeons to p e ~ p l e . ~ ~ Duff' expressed the hope that "The great amount of investigative work that is currently being carried on in this field should accelerate the expansion of our knowledge, but until the pool of well-established scientific information has become a good deal larger, no one can justly claim that the riddle of atherosclerosis is solved or is even near to a solution." He also stated: "Research in this field has only scratched the surface. We still lack sure proof of many of the most elementary items of factual information that would be required for a clear understanding of this disease process . . . . Meanwhile, suggested regimens for the prevention or amelioration of atherosclerosis that purport to be founded on a scientific understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease should be viewed with suspicion. Low fatlow cholesterol diets offer no real hope of lowering the blood cholesterol level significantly . . . . Such diets might bring about clinical improvement through loss of weight or for other reasons, but there is no sure evidence to indicate that they offer a means of reversing the atherosclerotic process."l Knowledge has certainly been acquired in the intervening years, but understanding of the mechanisms and etiology of arterial diseases has hardly advanced at all. The fact that Duff's 17-year-old conclusions still hold today is indeed a sad commentary on the lack of progress in our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of those common, clinically important human arterial diseases, presently the prime cause of death in Western communities. In view of the intensive work done since Duff's review, it does not seem unjustifiable to attribute this failure to make any notable progress in understanding the causes and genesis of (and hence the prevention of) fatal arterial disease to basic defects in our theoretical approach to these diseases. For, despite the abundance of new facts on arterial diseases that have been accumulated during the last 17 years and that have repeatedly been reviewed, 1-4 no unassailable evidence concerning etiology, in particular, has been provided, and very little progress in either prophylaxis or treatment has been made. Perhaps the most succinct summary of the present state of our knowl-


Four species of Meromenopon are recognized, described, and keyed. These in clude M. marshalli, a new species from Merops leschenaulti from Thailand and Burma. M. concii Tendeiro is placed in synonymy with M. meropis Clay and Meinertzhagen. The genus Meromenopon Clay and Meinertzhagen contains a small assemblage of menoponid mallophagans restricted in their known dis tribution to the Bee-eaters (Meropidae) and Rollers (Coraciidae) of the avian order Coraciif ormes. To date, 6 specific names have been applied to Meromenopon, these representing 4 recognized species. Since there has been no critical review of the members of this genus, it is our intent here to review the status of these names, to describe any new species found, and to present a key for specific identification. Morphological terminology and numbers of certain head and pro thoracic setae used here are essentially as given by Clay (1969). Mea surements are in millimeters. The nomenclature of the hosts follows


The purpose of this paper is to derive an upper bound for the rate of blow-up of solutions to the Non-Newton filtration equation where u ≥ 0,p > 1. The blow up rate estimates of positive radial solutions were established by Weissler in [I]for the (1)′ with p=2. In this paper,we get same result for the (1) or (1)′ with p>1. Then,it extent and complment result in [1].


BACKGROUND
Neonatal intracerebellar bleeds are very rare and often seen in association with forceps or vaginal breech deliveries. Frequently the neonate requires surgical evacuation of the hemorrhage. These neonates are most often left with significant neurologic sequelae. Medical management has been reported but with poor outcomes.

CASE
A primigravida with a twin gestation delivered at 37 weeks. The delivery was facilitated by the use of low forceps for both infants. Twin B was diagnosed with a massive intracerebellar bleed on day 2 of life. She did not undergo surgical drainage due to an improvement in her clinical status. Follow-up examinations were completely normal, and the infant was developing normally at 2.5 years of age.

CONCLUSION
Low forceps deliveries can be associated with massive neonatal cerebellar hemorrhage, and these bleeds can be managed successfully without surgical drainage.


a few things to say. Many of you probably received an envelope labeled RENEWABLE ENERGY, containing a letter from Howard Ris, Executive Director, Union of Concerned Scientists, (UCS), concerning our dependence on nonrenewable sources of energy, and other information. If so I hope you read it! The subject concerns, or should concern, everyone, but there was too much in that envelope to be adequately covered here. However, there is one statement in the letter that should be of overriding importance to all simulationists:


Based on the LST and the landscape metrics of water body with remote sensing technique and spatial analysis, the relationship between the mean LST and the attributes of water body was revealed via Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Result showed that, in 32 class-based metrics we selected, the proportion of water body, average water body size, the isolation and fragmentation of water body, and other eight metrics have high correlation with the LST. As a resultant force, the quantity, shape, and spatial distribution of water body affect the forming of temperature. We found that the quantity and spatial pattern of city water body could be allocated reasonably to maximize its cooling effect.


In March 2013, the Gates Foundation released its latest "Grand Challenge in Global Health": a call for proposals regarding the development of more appealing, pleasurable, and user friendly male condoms.1 Given their universal recognition, practicality, low cost, and unique ability to prevent both pregnancy and STIs, condoms are a valuable and often underutilized tool in promoting global health. Though condoms often receive less attention than biomedical prevention technologies such as male circumcision or pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP and PEP), they have saved thousands, if not millions, of lives over the course of the AIDS pandemic. Moreover, if condoms transferred more heat and sensation, were easier to apply correctly, broke less often, were reusable, and/or were more readily available, they could curb even more STI/HIV transmissions and unintended pregnancies worldwide.


Whilst the happiness and glory of a temporal reign were promised to the disciples of Christ, the most dreadful calamities were denounced against an unbelieving world. The edification of the new Jerusalem was to advance by equal steps with the destruction of the mystic Babylon; and, as long as the emperors who reigned before Constantine persisted in the profession of idolatry, the epithet of Babylon was applied to the city and to the empire of Rome. A regular series was prepared for all the moral and physical evils which can afflict a flourishing nation; intestine discord, and the invasion of the fiercest barbarians from the unknown regions of the North; pestilence and famine, comets and eclipses, earthquakes and inundations. All these were only so many preparatory and alarming signs of the great catastrophe of Rome, when the country of the Scipios and Caesars should be consumed by a flame from Heaven, and the city of the seven hills, with her palaces, her temples, and her triumphal arches, should be buried in a vast lake of fire and brimstone. The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Chapter XV I Hume warned Gibbon that it was coming. After reading the newly-published first volume of Edward Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, David Hume perceived that its author would soon be attacked by orthodox critics -- particularly because of its ironic material on the progress of Christianity.(2) Hume told Gibbon as much in a letter in which he also praised his fellow historian for his skill and scholarship: When I heard of your undertaking (which was some time ago) I own, that I was a little curious to see how you would extricate yourself from the subject of your two last chapters. I think you have observed a very prudent temperament: but it was impossible to treat the subject so as not to give grounds of suspicion against you, and you may expect that a clamour will arise.(3) Hume proved to be prophetic -- at least in the short term. Writing to his stepmother on 26 March 1776, Gibbon reported that his new book had been "very well received, by men of letters, men of the world and even by fine feathered Ladies; in short by every set of people except perhaps by the Clergy who seem (I know not why) to shew their teeth on the occasion."(4) Thus, scarcely a month after its publication, Gibbon was aware of the beginnings of a hostile reaction among the clerics. The first published assault on Gibbon's history appeared in the August 1776 issue of The Gentleman's Magazine.(5) In his review the journal's editor anticipated later Christian responses to the work by offering both praise and criticism. The editor begins by saying that "though the language may by some be thought too florid and oratorical for a history, it is in general animated and correct, and such as must interest every reader in the various characters and scenes described."(6) He then goes on to illustrate Gibbon's narrative skill by quoting two examples of his prose and characterizing him as a "painter."(7) However, he is also quick to identify the irony in the two concluding chapters on Christianity. In his comments on chapter fifteen on the causes of the progress of Christianity, the reviewer claims that Gibbon had only "affected" to allow for the primary causes of the rise of Christianity and the governing providence, while focussing his discursive efforts instead on the five potentially-ambiguous "secondary" causes. It is here, the reviewer says, that notwithstanding the art with which it is infused, the venom of our author's tenets is too apparent, when we see him studiously retailing all the calumnies and reproaches against the Christian faith and its first founders suggested by the malice or ignorance of the Jews, Heathens, Gnostics, and other ancient heretics, and slighting the arguments that have been employed, and the answers that have been given by its advocates; -- when we see him, in short, attacking the Old and New Testament, and their sacred Author, with as much virulence, though more disguised, and with the same weapons, however blunted, that have so often and so openly been used in the schools of Batersea and Ferney. …


Purpose – Although numerous articles emphasize the importance of servicescape, methodological approaches to understand and reflect affective needs of customer and employees to the design of the servicescapes have not been fully captured by the existing studies. The aim of the paper is twofold. First is to discuss the role of affective engineering for servicescape design and second is to explain the underlying structure of Kansei (feeling) and related design attribute interactions based on design of experiments modelling. Methodology/ApproachIn this research, the Affective (Kansei) Engineering is proposed to examine the interaction between servicescape design attributes that may affect affective values for the service itself and the service provider. Further a case study is presented applying Affective engineering to identify and design a certain feeling found as important for a servicescape environment. FindingsThe role of Affective Engineering methodology is discussed in a framework for management on how the servicescape be designed to distinguish between functional and affective dimensions (Kansei) of the servicescape and to show how the two dimensions interact. It is suggested that interaction between designs attributes need to be considered to understand and reflect human feelings in servicescape design. Research limitations/implicationsThis paper discusses a framework on integrating Affective Engineering methodology. Practical implicationsThis study provides useful insights for integration of affective needs for design of physical surroundings of services. Originality/value-This paper makes an original contribution to propose Affective Engineering methodology for management considerations on design of servicescapes.


Geographic Infiormation System modeling can be used to  predict inundated area expansion that caused by mud flow. The alternative location of Lapindo mud flow can be identified from inundated area prediction. The aims of this research are 1) to appraise the accuracy of elevation data interpolation methods and IKONOS imagery accuracy in determinant variable retrieval, 2) to determine the alternative pond of Lapindo mud flow, 3) to evaluate volume capacity and to analyze the construction cost. The method of this research consist of determinant variable retrieval, these are: inundated zone,  land use, public facilities and impacted area. Inundated zone map was retrieved from DEM interpolation result, the watershed modeling was done to get flow accumulation, flow direction and watershed, in order to get inundated zone. Land use map and public facilities were obtained from IKONOS imagery visual interpretation. Impacted area was determined according to President Regulation No. 14, 2007. Scoring, weighting and overlay of these four maps have been made to get mud flow alternative location. Weighting factors have been retrieved according to questioner result. The result of this research has shown that Kriging interpolation method was the best method for elevation data interpolation (RMSE = 1.3565). Land use interpretation accuracy achieves 93.5%. Public facilities interpretation accuracy achieves 100%. Nine candidates of mud exile alternative pond have been got as a research result. Alternative pond No.1 is the best pond, with 4.027 Ha area. Volume pond capacity achieves to 564.599.751 m 3 , with 3.704 days or 10 years endurance. Total co [1] st of pond construction achieves Rp. 7.276.313.970.000. Keywords: site selection, watershed, mud, Lapindo.