the existence of these and all other omitted letters is nowhere mentioned in this edition. Williams's index of correspondents and his index of the holders of the letters list only the letters included in the edition itself. Selection of such material, particularly when previously published, is clearly a difficult matter. But this edition is singularly unreliable as to the total extent of Faraday's correspondence. This in itself is a serious inconvenience to the scholar, but the consequences of Williams's mode of selection for our understanding of Faraday and his ideas can only be judged by an analysis of the excluded material. The extent of this task is clearly impossible to estimate, but here I wish to draw attention to the Maxwell and Thomson letters already mentioned. The letter from Maxwell to Faraday is as 19 October 1861, and has been published in Campbell and Garnett's Life of Maxwell (2nd edn., 1884), pp. 243fF. In this letter Maxwell tells Faraday of his electromagnetic theory of light, and seeks Faraday's reaction to the ideas which lay behind this theory, ideas which Maxwell claims to have obtained from Faraday's writings. The importance of this letter as a document cannot be doubted. When this letter is placed alongside the letter from Maxwell to Faraday of 9 November 1857, which has also been published before (op. cit., pp. 2O2ff.) and which Williams does publish, the relationship between Maxwell and Faraday seems more subtle and complex than would appear merely from an examination of the earlier letter. What is important is that in both letters Maxwell attests to his commitment to ideas developed by Faraday, and yet the ideas expounded in the two letters are very different. Whereas the 1857 letter contains a discussion of lines of force, the omitted 1861 letter is concerned with the strain of the electromagnetic medium, with the action of the contiguous parts of the medium. The omitted Thomson letter of 11 June 1847, published in S. P. Thompson's Life of Thomson (1910), i. 2038". also relates to the problem of the strain in an elastic solid and the relation between electromagnetic and optical theories. This letter is fundamental to an understanding of the intellectual relationship between Faraday, Maxwell, and Thomson, as it relates to an important 1847 paper of Thomson's, a paper that was not without influence on Maxwell. The picture of nineteenthcentury physics that emerges from consideration of the Faraday-Maxwell and Faraday-Thomson letters included in this edition is therefore rather different from that to be gained from a study of the total extant correspondence between Faraday and the other two men. Moreover, the examples here cited relate to fundamental problems in nineteenth-century physics. The analysis of the intellectual relationship between Faraday and Maxwell is crucial to our understanding of Faraday's historical significance, a problem to which Williams has addressed himself in earlier publications and which is surely the major purpose of this edition of Faraday's correspondence.


Lu and colleagues used poisoning by psychotropic agents (international classification of diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9) code 969) as their "proxy for population level suicide attempts."1 They state that non-fatal poisoning by psychotropic drugs has a positive predictive value of 79.7% for suicide attempts. This is based …


In this article, a new sampled‐data stabilization scheme is proposed for switched nonlinear systems in which all subsystems may be unstabilizable. A state‐dependent switching condition is derived and a controller is constructed by using only sampled information. It is proven that the closed‐loop system is asymptotically stable under the developed state‐dependent switching strategy. Finally, the proposed scheme is applied to a switched induction heater circuit system and a numerical example is provided to verify its effectiveness.


The soil microbial biomass and microbial metabolic quotient (respiration: biomass ratio) was measured in 16 forest and scrubland ecosystems throughout New Zealand, on materials representing successional stages of plant litter and its subsequent incorporation into the F-H and mineral soil layers. Microbial biomass usually peaked in the L 1 layer and then declined. The microbial carbon:organic carbon ratio decreased sharply between the F-H layer and the underlying mineral layer, indicating that a stress factor (possibly pH) reduced the proportion of organic matter immobilized in the microbial biomass at this stage. The microbial respiration: biomass ratio declined between the L 1 and F-H stages


TV logo often implies the video content and copyright, which are important cues for video classification and retrieval. However, there are not open TV logo dataset yet. One TV logo dataset is created and Corresponding accurate annotation is provided. First, video corps of 45 kinds of TV logo is crawled, and the candidate regions covering logo and different kinds of background are extracted from the key frames, then a pixel-wise differentiated annotation method is proposed to generate a pixel by pixel annotation image. An annotation method on the generated dataset is evaluated and the experiments show that differentiated annotation helps to improve recognition accuracy.


Magnetoresistive sensors based on the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect (AMR) are widely used for measuring magnetic fields, and in compasses, angle/position sensors and current sensors. In spite of the later appearance of GMR structures, AMR sensors are still preferred in many fields because of their higher sensitivity and flexible technology. In this work the capacity for the production of high-quality devices is investigated for a technology flow based on magnetization of the AMR layer after annealing. The produced devices are single-stripe resistors on oxidized silicon wafers and on ceramic substrates. They demonstrate an AMR effect near to the theoretical value for the material. Two versions of AMR bridges are fabricated and investigated - with and without a barber pole structure. They exhibit comparable characteristics to those of devices manufactured by world recognised producers. The technology used is compatible with conventional CMOS processes, thus allowing the integration of AMR sensors with control ASICs on one chip, in order to obtain multifunctional smart systems.


This research connects several data-driven educational data mining approaches to a framework for interaction developed in educational research. In particular, 10 million usage data points collected by a Learning Management System used by students and teachers in 450 online undergraduate courses were analyzed with this framework. A range of educational data mining techniques were employed, including K-means clustering, multiple regression, and classification, to both explore and predict student final grades and course completion rates. Findings show that support for the overall model varied with the way data were mapped to the framework (e.g., static vs. temporal features) and the analysis technique used (with clustering and classification providing more useful insights).


Abstract Background Approximately 20% of patients with ulcerative colitis will experience an acute severe exacerbation requiring hospitalization. Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and a mortality rate of 1%. Timely initiation of treatment and assessment of clinical response is critical in the management of ASUC. With an aim to reduce treatment variability and improve outcomes, multiple gastrointestinal societies have published guidelines highlighting recommendations for optimal care in ASUC. It remains unclear how closely these guidelines are implemented in clinical practice. Measuring adherence to these recommended processes of care may act as a surrogate measure for quality of care and a way to indirectly evaluate outcomes in the management of patients with ASUC. Studies have shown that even amongst experienced providers practice pattern variability exists. Identifying significant variations in the management of patients with ASUC will highlight where improvement in guideline dissemination and greater adherence is required. Purpose We sought to evaluate how quality of care indicators varied across 7 hospital sites for patients admitted ASUC in the Greater Toronto Area. Method Using GEMINI, a research collaborative that collects and analyses data from inpatient admissions at 7 Toronto area hospitals, we identified patients admitted to hospital with ASUC from June 2016-December 2019. Hospital sites were further categorized into 3 hospital types; 1 IBD specialty centre (ISC), 3 other academic centres (AC) and 3 community centres (CC). Process measures assessed included proportion tested for C-reactive protein at baseline and following treatment initiation, duration of corticosteroid use, timing and initiation of biologic agents, rates of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and opioid use. Outcome measures included hospital length of stay, rates of colectomy and mortality. Result(s) 765 hospitalizations were included in the study; 320 occurring at ISC, 308 at AC and 137 at CC. Corticosteroid use on admission were highest at the ISC at 78% compared to 64% at AC and 63% at CC (p <0.001). Among those who received steroids on admission, 47% of patients remained on intravenous corticosteroids for at least 5 days in the ISC compared to 39% in AC and 75% in CC (p< 0.001). Initiation of biologic rescue therapy was highest at the ISC occurring in 37% of hospitalizations compared to 22% in AC and 23% in CC (p<0.001). In addition, VTE prophylaxis rates were highest at the ISC at 83% followed by 60% in AC and 45% in CC (p<0.001). Rates of colectomy were highest at ISC (12% of hospitalizations vs. 7% in AC). Conclusion(s) Greater adherence to indicators of quality of care were seen at the ISC compared to ACs and CCs, although patient outcomes assessed were not clearly different between sites. Further strategies are required to improve adherence to markers of quality care for patients admitted with ASUC. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Purpose: We assessed the efficacy and safety of adoptive immunotherapy administered to 17 patients with TaGIII or recurrent TaGII superficial bladder cancer following transurethral tumor resection. Materials and Methods: Macrophage activated killer (MAK) cells were obtained from autologous mononuclear cells harvested by apheresis, after in vitro culture for 7 days and activation with interferon- on the last day of culture. The patients received 6 weekly intravesical infusions of approximately 2 10 8 cells each. Additionally, 5 patients received 2 or 3 more infusions at 3-month intervals. Each patient was followed for 1 year or until tumor recurrence, whichever came first. Results: A total of 112 intravesical infusions were performed. During the 12-month followup period 8 patients experienced 11 common toxicity criteria grade 1 or grade 2 adverse events considered possibly related to protocol. No clinically relevant grade 1 or 2 laboratory test results were reported while the patients received treatment. In 17 patients 8 tumors recurred compared to 34 recurrences during the year before the first MAK cell infusion. This difference was highly significant (p 0.0005). Conclusions: The promising efficacy and safety results of this study and the fact that the MAK cell treatment regimen proved feasible should encourage initiation of further large scale studies to confirm these data. Activated macrophages are capable of selectively lysing tumor cells, in particular after activation with interferon.1, 2 The antitumoral properties of activated macrophages, or macrophage activated killer (MAK) cells, have been demonstrated in vitro in murine experimental models including nude mice xenografted with human tumors.3, 4 MAK cells can be obtained by in vitro culture of blood monocytes harvested by apheresis. Standardized procedures and quality controlled devices (MAK Cell Processor, IDM, Paris, France) have been developed to make the complete process reproducible and to control the quality of the final cell preparations.5 Clinical trials conducted on a variety of patients with cancer with systemic (intravenous) or local (intraperitoneal or intrapleural) administrations of macrophages have shown that these


Nutritional status of children is indirectly related to socioeconomic factors. If the low socioeconomic status family meals needs will not fulfilled so that the child will have malnutrition status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of nutritional status and family socioeconomic status elementary students in the center and suburbs of Padang. An analytic study is cross-sectional was conducted on 220 students at SDN 08 Alang Lawas as representatives elementary in the city center of Padang and SDN 36 Koto Panjang as a representative elementary school on the in the suburbs of Padang. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and measurements of height and weight of children. Data analysis was done using Chi-Square test statistics. The results were obtained nutritional status in the city center with good socioeconomic level of 84.2% obtained a good nutritional status and 6% malnutrition, while families with lower socioeconomic levels obtained 15.7% of good nutritional status and 0% malnutrition. In the suburban areas with good economic status of 15.8% obtained a good nutritional status and 64.7% malnutrition status, while in families with low socioeconomic status obtained 84.3% a good nutritional status and 100% malnutrition. Of the Chi-Square test obtained value Pearson Chi-Square (x2) = 71 004 is greater than the table value x2 = 7.815 and the probability value (p) = 0.000 is smaller than the value that is meaningful probability p < 0.05 means that there is a significant relationship between the nutritional status of the family's socioeconomic status elementary students in the center and suburbs the city of Padang. Nutritional status associated with Economic level of families,


This research addresses a simple question: what becomes of charismatic CEOs once they have reached their apogee? Building on some neglected aspects of Max Weber's analysis of charisma and the work done by Janice Beyer on charismatic leadership, this paper offers two contributions. First, it provides a theoretical introduction to the concept of charismatic routinization (i.e. the inevitable transformation of charisma in the long term) through the description of its determinants and its scenario. Second, it narrates the saga of the tumultuous 30-year career of a European CEO and uses it as an illustrative case study in order to emphasize the relevance of the Weberian concept to the study of charismatic CEOs in the long term. In so doing, it provides the first case study on charismatic routinization at the top.


BRAIN spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in neuronal polarization and differentiation. We have studied the intraneuronal expression of non-erythroid (NE) α-spectrin mRNA in the rat brain during the development of the CA3 pyramidal cells, and compared it with α-tubulin mRNA expression. In contrast to α-tubulin expression, which remains located in the neuronal somata, NE α-spectrin mRNA was present in the dendritic compartment during the first 2 weeks of life. NE α-Brain spectrin mRNA transport into the dendrites coincides with critical development events, including dendritic arborization, growth and synaptogenesis, and could be dependent on the appearance of synaptic activity at the mossy fibre/CA3 synapse.


Objective: To compare the efficiency, safety and cost of 50 mcg oral Misoprostol with intravaginal Dinoprostone for labour induction in women with singleton pregnancy. Methods : This is a retrospective study of induced deliveries using 50 mcg oral Misoprostol repeated every six hours or 3 mg vaginal Dinoprostone repeated every eight hours. The primary outcome was delivery within 24 hours and total time from starting induction to delivery and the secondary outcomes mode of delivery as well as maternal and fetal outcomes. Result : In total, 280 woman were included: 140 (50%) received vaginal Dinoprostone and 140 (50%) received oral Misoprostol. Women who received Misoprostol had a lower rate of caesarean delivery (9.3% vs 18.5%, P=0.001) and lower risk of fetal distress (3.6% vs 12.8%, P=0.032). The percentage of deliveries within 24 hours was similar in both groups. Conclusion : Women induced with oral Misoprostol experienced less frequent failure of induction, significantly shorter duration until delivery and higher normal delivery rates than those induced with vaginal Dinoprostone. Furthermore, oral Misoprostol was significantly less expensive when compared to vaginal Dinoprostone. This suggests that oral Misoprostol could be a more cost effective alternative to Dinoprostone for induction of labour in low resource countries.


In this paper, we will propose a method to represent multidimensional fuzzy terms on a particular hardware device, the processor W.A.R.P. 1 (weight associative rule processor). The choice of this hardware depends on its characteristics here described together with its structure. In order to explain the method and its advantages with respect to the traditional approach using aggregation operators, we will show how a simple fuzzy rules system, concerning a real robotics problem, is implemented in both cases.


Iodine is one of the essential micronutrients required for the normal mental and physical well being of human beings. Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) has been considered as major public health problem in India including Mewat. The present goiter survey was done in Mewat district with the objective to determine the median urinary iodine concentration in a sample of children, to assess the level of iodine in salt samples at the household levels. A total of 210 urine samples were collected and tested for urinary iodine excretion. A total of 150 salt samples were tested. These samples were tested on the spot with an MIB kit. Median iodine concentration of the study population was more than 100 μg/L in 83.33% of children. Thus, a mild deficiency was found in 11.43% of the children, moderate in 4.29%, and severe in 0.95% of the children. Majority (86%) of salt samples were adequately iodized, i.e., having >15 ppm, while 14% were non-iodized.


Young Medical Spa, of Center Valley, Pa., has been cited by the Food and Drug Administration for several violations, including some related to the use of adult stem cells for breast augmentation.


Recently, Morch [1,2,3,4] Chahine [5,6] and others have focused attention on the dynamics of a cloud or cluster of cavitating bubbles and have expanded on the work of van Wijngaarden [7,8] and others. Unfortunately, there appear to be a number of inconsistencies in this recent work which will require further study before a coherent body of knowledge on the dynamics of clouds of bubbles is established. For example, Morch and his co-workers [1,2,3] have visualized the collapse of a cloud of cavitating bubbles as involving the inward propagation of a shock wave; it is assumed that the bubbles collapse virtually completely when they encounter the shock. This implies the virtual absense of non-condensable gas in the bubbles and the predominance of vapor. Yet in these circumstances the mixture in the the cloud will not have any real sonic speed. As implied by a negative L.H.S. of equation (9), the fluid motion equations for the mixture would be elliptic not hyperbolic and hence shock wave solutions are inappropriate.


Detection of molecular ions in mass spectrometry is typically accomplished by an ion colliding with a surface and then amplifying the emitted secondary electrons. It is well established that the secondary electron yield decreases as the mass of the primary ion increases [1-3], thus limiting the detection efficiency of large molecular ions. One way around this limitation is to use secondary ion detectors because the emission efficiency of secondary ions does not seem to decrease for increasing primary ion mass [1]. However this technique has limitations in timing resolution because of the mass spread of the emitted secondary ions. To find other ways around high mass detection limitations it is important to understand existing mechanisms of detection and to explore alternative detector types. To this end, a superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detector was used in measuring the secondary electron emission efficiency, se, for a MCP detector. STJ detectors are energy sensitive and do not rely on secondary emission to produce a signal. Using a linear MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer, a STJ detector is mounted directly behind the hole in an annular MCP detector. This mounting arrangement allows ions to be detected simultaneously by each detector. The STJ detector sits in amore » liquid helium cryostat and is operated at 1.3 K to minimize thermal noise (see [4,5] for more details). Primary ions passing through the center hole of the MCP detector collide with the 0.04 mm{sup 2} STJ surface and generate a detector-pulse that is approximately proportional to the ion's total energy. A mask with a small hole in it was placed in front of the MCP detector so that the MCP and STJ detectors have approximately the same effective active areas. The ion beam diameter near the MCP is over 2.5 cm (measured with a MCP-phosphorus screen detector) and the axial separation of the two detectors is about 4 mm. Both detectors were operated in pulse-counting mode and set to have the same effective deadtime.« less


The system architecture of the software is one of the decisive factors. In this article, we propose a solution based on a microservices architecture that greatly improves the reliability and stability of the system and used it to solve the problems encountered by the Credit Information sharing platform of Henan Province. It is the first case of upgrading a provinciallevel similar platform based on the new technical architecture in China. After more than one year of formal operation, it has achieved the expected goal. At present, the total amount of credit information of the platform is more than 5 billion, and the number of queries is more than 350 million. The reliability and stability of the system are excellent. We can be sure that the appropriate application of microservices architecture can greatly improve the reliability and stability of the system.


Objective To investigate the changes of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) level in cerebral infarction.Methods Immunoturbidimetry was used to measure the concentration of CRP in plasma of patients with cerebral infarction.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used in the determination of VEGF in blood serum.Results Both the concentrations of CRP in plasma and VEGF in serum of the patients with cerebral infarction were higher than those of controls (P < 0.05),the concentrations of CRP and VEGF increased during acute phase,and decreased in convalescence phase.The concentrations of CRP in plasma and VEGF in serum were positively related with the infarct size.Conclusions Both CRP and VEGF take part in the onset and the development of cerebral infarction.

Key words:
Cerebral ischemia; C-reactive protein; Vascular endothelial growth factor


This article sets out to discuss how we may work with the notion of 'cultural
encounters'. Two examples are presented and discussed: One is drawn from the
novel Monne, outrages et defis (1990) by the prize-winning Ivorian author
Ahmadou Kourouma. The other example refers to a job interview of an ethnic
minority Dane in Denmark, published in a review by a Danish municipal
administration (Arhus Kommune) in 2003. The article brings a number of critical
literary theories into dialogue in order to discuss two major points. First, the article
shows how the chosen theoretical notions can help us to describe what happens
in situations of communication where different, and possibly incommensurable,
agents and contexts meet and interact in settings that are marked by conceptions
of cultural differences. The theories used are Michel Foucault's discursive formations,
Emile Benveniste's concept of enunciation, Mikhail Bakhtin's reflexions of
contrapuntal narratives, and Homi Bhabha's theorisation of the anteriority of the
sign as it occurs in a disjunctive temporality. Secondly, the article introduces a
new interpretative method of how literary texts and critical literary theory may
be used within anthropological studies. Instead of focusing on the notion of
'identities' and the ensuing conflicts between difference and sameness, this
approach focuses on cultural articulations as dynamic communicative processes.
In so doing, it situates itself within literary and anthropological theories of
representation. Making a close reading of the chosen texts, the article shows that
cultural encounters are never merely a question of 'culture'. Cultural encounters
become communicative scenarios where ideas, motives, intentions, and emotions
are expressed, interpreted, and received by differently reacting agents.


The US pivot to Asia, which encompassed the strategy of shifting the US focus on deploying the strategic-military, diplomatic, and economic assets to the Asia-Pacific region, had generated enormous debates among scholars and Chinese state officials. Such development then raises questions about their responses to such a US strategy in Asia. In regards to this question, this article evaluates that the US pivot to Asia had devised two primary responses in mainland China, ranging from hardline and moderate stances in Chinese scholars and officials. The hardliners stood for perceiving the US pivot to Asia as a strategy to contain China's rise, which has multiple potencies to trigger an open confrontation. In contrast, the moderates viewed the US pivot to Asia through the elements of cooperation and competition. Despite these contentions, this article argues that the US pivot to Asia had further triggered China's increasing military, diplomatic, and economic capabilities. It also sees the Sino-American relations through dual track reciprocal relations comprising the competitive-negative and cooperative-symbolic elements which had been restraining each other from going into open conflict yet were still tensioning. Therefore, to further analyze China's responses, this article will simultaneously use the concept of hedging and the "use of force" by Art and Jervis.


Enriques manifolds are non simply connected manifolds whose universal cover is irreducible holomorphic symplectic, and as such they are natural generalizations of Enriques surfaces. The goal of this note is to prove the Morrison-Kawamata cone conjecture for such manifolds when the degree of the cover is prime using the analogous result (established by Amerik-Verbitsky) for their universal cover. We also verify the conjecture for the known examples having non-prime degree.


Rates of obesity have substantially increased in recent years. Pharmacokinetics of drugs including chemotherapy is different in obese patients due to alteration in the clearance and volume of distribution. Thus, appropriate chemotherapy dosing for obese patients with malignant diseases is a significant issue. Limiting chemotherapy doses in overweight and obese patients may negatively influence the outcomes in these patients. ASCO has recently published clinical practice guidelines for conventional chemotherapy dosing for obese patients with cancer indicating that up to 40% of obese patients received reduced chemotherapy doses that are not based on actual body weight (ABW) [Grigg A, JCO 2012]. Concerns about toxicity or overdosing in obese patients, based on the use of ABW, are unfounded. Moreover, there is a paucity of information addressing the pharmacokinetics of high dose chemotherapy in obese patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A rather small international survey of drug dosing schemes among transplant centers revealed that there is no consensus regarding appropriate dose adjustment for obese patients [Grigg A, Leuk Lymphoma 1997]. Also, there is limited data on outcomes in obese versus non-obese patients in various small retrospective studies. For this reason, the ALWP of the EBMT constructed an electronic survey for assessing current practice of dose adjustment of chemotherapy in patients undergoing HSCT, in transplant centers and for planning retrospective analysis and prospective studies in the future. Fifty six EBMT centers from 27 countries filled the online survey. Among the 56 centers, the percentage of obese patients was less than 10% in 22 centers (40%), between 10 to 19% in 23 centers (42%) and more than 20% in 10 centers (17%). Forty five centers declared they adjust chemotherapy dose for obese patients (80.5%) and only 11 (19.5%) declared they do not adjust dose. Among centers which adjust dose, most uses BMI as the parameter for defining obesity (28 centers, 62%), others use percentage over the actual body weight (ABW) as the basis for defining obesity (11 centers, 24.5%), both BMI and ABW (3 centers, 6.7%) or other parameter (3 centers, 6.7%). Most of the centers that use BMI for adjusting dose define BMI > 30 kg/m2 as the cut-off value (formal definition for obesity), only one center uses morbid obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2), and the remainder uses other cut-off values. Among 11 centers who use ABW, 9 use ABW more than 120% of ideal body weight for adjustment. Eighty four percents of the centers use one level of obesity for adjustment while the rest uses 2 levels. The method for determining the weight for chemotherapy calculation was actual body weight (ABW) in 16 centers, ideal body weight (IBW) in 10 centers, IBW + 25% of difference between IBW and ABW (IBW+0.25*(ABW-IBW)) in 16 centers and other methods in the rest. Among centers that use dose adjustment, 44% also cap the dose at 2 m2 for chemotherapy dose based on BSA while 56% do not cap. On the contrary, most of the centers (9/11) that do not adjust dose for weight also do not cap the BSA at 2 m2. Seventy nine percents of responding centers use the same approach to dose adjustments for myeloablative, reduced intensity (RIC) or non myeloablative (NMA) conditioning, while 21% reduce the dose less for RIC or NMA conditioning. For Busulfan dose only 7 centers monitor pharmacokinetics (pk). Eleven centers use ideal body weight for calculation, 17 centers use actual weight and 18 centers correct weight according to percentage over actual body weight. Conclusion This EBMT survey reveal large diversity among transplant centers regarding dose adjustment practice for high dose conditioning chemotherapy. Most of the EBMT centers use dose adjustment for obese patients and about half of them also cap BSA at 2 m2, while capping is uncommon in the centers that do not adjust dose. Thus, the range of the final dose is very wide. Even for Busulfan where dose is calculated normally according to ideal body weight, the diversity of dose given for obese patients is wide. Our next step is to analyze outcomes of transplantation according to dose adjustment practice and subsequently to formulate a methodology for future prospective studies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The propagation model is a critical point for predicting the coverage area. The complexity of the coverage prediction is enhanced by the possibility of SFN (Single Frequency Network) operation, which allows the installation of auxiliary relays in shadow areas. By knowing the techniques used by each propagation model, it was possible to use the literature as a reference to categorize the types of paths by the propagation situation. This paper presents a comparison study of the simulated propagation models in the Progira software with field measurements in a massive SFN of RecordTV Rio, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The comparison considered the error mean in all the paths and each of types of paths, so it was possible to obtain an overview of which propagation model is best suited for each propagation situation. It presents details of the techniques used in propagation models, a brief review of the main propagation models and the mean of errors for each type of paths. The results presented contribute to a better interpretation of which propagation model or the propagation model technique can be more efficient in a micro-region, which can optimize the planning of an auxiliary transmission.


Besides the widely known risks to physical health, smoking cigarettes appears to pose mental health risks as well. However, research and public awareness campaigns typically focus on the relationship between smoking and physical health issues. Research has also paid significant attention to smoking as a self-medicating behavior. However, little attention has been given to research focused on cigarette smoking as a risk factor for the onset of psychological disorders. In this literature review, cigarette smoking is examined in its role as a catalyst for psychiatric illnesses. Increased awareness in this area may be particularly beneficial for mental health providers, healthcare practitioners, smokers, and individuals contemplating whether to smoke.


Novel evidence suggests that the neural control of breathing is controlled by three distinct, yet interacting oscillators. These rhythm‐generating networks have been identified as the Pre‐Bötzinger complex (preBötC), the Post‐inspiratory complex (PiCo) and the parafacial respiratory group (pFRG). Each rhythmic network has a specify function and together they are thought to control the three distinct phases of breathing, inspiration, post‐insipration and active expiration, respectively. The "three‐oscillator hypothesis" is a novel concept, and emerging evidence suggests that each oscillator differentially responds to endogenous and exogenously applied neuromodulators. Yet, little is known whether these networks also respond in a differential manner to clinically relevant conditions such as inflammation or chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). In this study we explore how CIH and systemic inflammation elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2μg/g) affects two of the oscillators, the PreBötC and PiCo, in young mice (P5‐8). Systemic inflammation elicited by LPS induces a neuroinflammation by indirect pathways resulting in an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐β, IL‐6, TNF‐α), and oxidative stress. IL‐6 and TNF‐a have been shown to alter the CNS by decreasing inhibition/excitation ratio that can lead to a hyper‐excitable state. We extracellularly recorded spontaneous rhythmic population activity in horizontal slices containing preBötC and PiCo 24hrs after an LPS insult. Our data suggest that PiCo becomes hyper excited, while the PreBötC burst frequency remains unchanged to control (saline). This data complements our CIH data, in which young mice that receive CIH from P0‐8, also revealed increased excitability in PiCo, while the preBötC characterized in transverse slices becomes less active and more desynchronized. The decreased activity in the PreBötC, after prolonged CIH, results in irregular bursting patterns and failed transmission to the hypoglossal nucleus, which can contribute to apneas at the level of the hypoglossus. By contrast, the increased excitability in PiCo may contribute to an increased activation of postinspiratory activity following CIH and inflammation. Thus, we hypothesize that inflammation and CIH differentially affects the two phases of breathing, inspiration and postinspiration, by differentially acting on the rhythm generating networks that provide excitatory drive for inspiration and postinspiration, the preBötC and PiCo.


We are in the midst of a revolution in biology and medicine: an information revolution. Many will herald the completion of the human genome sequence, the revealing of our most fundamental biological information, as this era's greatest scientific/technological achievement. We would argue, however,


The structural and energetic features of the C-H⋅⋅⋅π interaction and the internal dynamics of the CHF3 group change drastically in going from benzene-CHF3 to indan-CHF3 , according to the analysis of the rotational spectrum of the latter complex generated in a supersonic expansion.


In light of strict deadlines imposed under the Clean Air Act (CAA) that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) knows it cannot meet, the Agency is thinking of creative ways of developing maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards. EPA`s March 1995, announcement that it is developing streamlined MACT standards, and its more recent issuance of guidance on its MACT Partnership Program, provides much needed relief for EPA and industry alike in addressing the challenges posed by CAA Section 112. Since the CAA Amendments were enacted in 1990, EPA has been under extraordinary pressure to develop MACT standards for 174 individual categories of major and selected area sources by the year 2000. On March 29, 1995, EPA rolled-out its MACT Partnership Program and requested comment. The notice announced EPA`s plan to use a streamlined approach to promulgating MACT standards. In short, the program involves two phases for each MACT standard. The first phase involves development of a presumptive MACT. The second phase is the formal standard development process which ultimately will result in the issuance of a MACT standard for a particular source category.


The present invention relates to the field of protein glycosylation engineering. More particularly, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules, including fusion constructs, having catalytic activity and their use in glycosylation engineering of host cells to produce with enhanced therapeutic properties, including antibodies with increased Fc receptor binding polypeptide effector function and enhanced.


The major ASEAN countries and China are still both developing countries, which have certain similarities in economic development level, industrial structure and export trade structure. This similarity makes it possible for major ASEAN countries to compete with China in export trade to a certain extent. The strength of trade competitiveness can reflect the current situation and existing problems of a country's economy to a certain extent. Lack of competitiveness is considered as a potential factor that causes a country's crisis, and improving competitiveness is conducive to the recovery and development of a country's economy. Based on the perspective of intra industry trade, this paper analyzes the characteristics of bilateral trade development between China and ASEAN, and analyzes the bilateral trade relationship between China and ASEAN from the aspects of trade competitiveness and trade similarity. It is found that there is a great similarity between the export trade structure of China and ASEAN, and the competitiveness of bilateral trade is far more than complementarity.


Photosynthetic capacity of runner peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. IAC-Caiapo and cv. Runner IAC-886 was evaluated under controlled condition, in plants grown on pots maintained in a greenhouse, and in irrigated plants grown on soil-filled tanks made of concrete, and exposed to natural ambient condition. CO2 net assimilation rate (A) response in relation to photosynthetic photon flux density (DFFF) was better in controlled condition, but in both conditions the same maximum A of ca. 28 µmol m -2 s -1 was reached. Under controlled condition, light saturation was about 1,000 µmol m -2 s -1 , although under natural condition, saturation occurred at higher DFFF. Leaf temperature between 23 and 36°C did not affect A, and leaf to air vapor pressure difference caused partial stomatal closing, decreasing A, when above 3.0 kPa. Photosynthetic capacities of the two cultivars were similar. Both cultivars showed good adaptation to daily changes of environmental conditions that occur during summer, showing dynamic photoinhibition of photosynthesis in the beginning of the afternoon (13-14h), as revealed by a reversible decrease in the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II.


On 11th March 2011, a 9.0-magnitude megathrust earthquake occurred in the ocean near Japan. This was the first large-scale natural disaster in Japan since the broad adoption of social media tools (such as Facebook and Twitter). In particular, Twitter is suitable for broadcasting information, naturally making it the most frequently used social medias when disasters strike. This paper presents a topical analysis using text mining tools and shows the tools' effectiveness for the analysis of social media data analysis after a disaster. Though an ad hoc system without prepared resources was useful, an improved system with some syntactic pattern dictionaries showed better results.


Introduction: Venetoclax (VEN) is a highly effective agent for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that targets BCL-2. Thus, it has been hypothesized to have efficacy in NHL and tested in phase-1/2 studies (Gerecitano JF, Blood 2015; de Vos S, Blood 2015; Davids MS, J Clin Oncol 2017). Overall response rates (ORR) observed in r/r NHL were 44% for all subtypes combined, 38% for follicular lymphoma (FL), 75% for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and 18% for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The adverse effect profile was consistent with the labeling despite dose escalation to doses higher than used in CLL. Additionally, VEN is a potential option in the r/r NHL setting, potentially providing less T cell toxicity compared to other agents used as bridging to T-cell therapies (Cummins NW, mBio, 2016; Dzhagalov I, J Immunol, 2008). We performed an analysis of all NHL patients (pts) treated with VEN at our institution to assess efficacy and safety of VEN in r/r NHL.
 Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all adult pts who received VEN for r/r NHL at the University of Pennsylvania between 4/2016 and 6/2018. Demographics, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS; events, prophylaxis and management), duration of therapy, reason for discontinuation, overall response, survival, and toxicities were examined. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS; defined as time from VEN start to disease progression or regimen change, death due to NHL or last-follow-up in remission), and overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. All other analyses were descriptive.
 Results: We identified 23 NHL pts for this analysis. NHL subtypes included DLBCL (35%; n=8), MCL (30%; n=7), Richter transformation (RT) (9%; n=2), transformed FL (tFL) (12%; n=4), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) (4%; n=1), and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL; n=1) (4%). Median age at VEN start was 65 years; most pts were Ann Arbor stage IV (87%) and ECOG performance 2-4 (57%). NHL characteristics were MYC rearrangement (35%), BCL2 rearrangement (22%), double-hit lymphoma (26%), BCL2 IHC+ (22%), non-germinal center phenotype (13%). Median number of prior therapies was 4 (range: 2-13) with 17% having a prior autologous stem cell transplant. Median time to VEN initiation from prior therapy was 1 month (range, 0.5-9). Median VEN dose achieved was 400 mg (Range, 100-1200). Data for TLS are in Table 1. Median time on VEN was 2 months. While on VEN, 17% received radiation and 43% were on other anti-neoplastic therapy. Overall response rate (ORR) for the entire cohort was 26% (100% Partial Response [PR]). Subtypes with PR included MCL (13%), DLBCL (9%), and RT (4%). No PRs were observed with tFL, PTLD, nor MZL. Pts most commonly discontinued VEN for disease progression (74%); 2 pts (9%) remain on VEN therapy (range: 2-11 months). Median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 2 months and 3 months, respectively, (Figure 1). Analyzed as histologic cohorts, large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL, RT, PTLD, tFL) had similar median PFS and OS. However, small B-cell lymphomas (MCL, MZL) had median PFS and OS of 2.5 and 4 months, respectively. Two pts subsequently received CAR T-cell therapy post-VEN; one collected T-cells during VEN therapy and one collected T-cells prior to VEN start.
 Adverse events (AEs) occurred in approximately 65% while on VEN. AEs included: neutropenia (48%), thrombocytopenia (43%), TLS (30%), infection (26%), neutropenic fever (26%), and diarrhea (22%). One pt had an opportunistic infection (Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) while on VEN and concurrent high-dose steroids.
 Conclusion: VEN monotherapy appears effective for NHL in phase I clinical trials. We describe our experience outside the setting of a clinical trial, including VEN used as part of multi-agent salvage therapy. Median PFS for our entire cohort is 2 months; AEs, while expected, were observed frequently, reflecting comorbidities. Clinical TLS events are attributed to pre-existing renal dysfunction (61% below 80 mL/min) during VEN escalation. The wide heterogeneity of VEN dose escalation, multi-agent combinations, and timing of initiation of VEN therapy are factors that require further investigation best designed as prospective clinical trials using other agents in combination with VEN.

 Landsburg: Takeda: Consultancy; Curis: Consultancy, Research Funding. Schuster:Genentech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Nordic Nanovector: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; OncLive: Honoraria; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Dava Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Physician's Education Source, LLC: Honoraria. Svoboda:Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Regeneron: Research Funding; KITE: Consultancy; Kyowa: Consultancy; Merck: Research Funding. Gill:Novartis: Research Funding; Extellia: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Carisma Therapeutics: Equity Ownership. Mato:TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Portola: Research Funding; Johnson & Johnson: Consultancy; Regeneron: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy; Prime Oncology: Honoraria; Pharmacyclics, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Medscape: Honoraria. Altman:Epizyme: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Incyte: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Agios: Other: Payment to the institution to conduct the trial ; Pfizer: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Ariad: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas Pharma: Other; GSK: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Boeringer Ingelheim: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; FujiFilm: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Bayer: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Celator: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Cyclacel: Other: payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Syros: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genetech: Other: Payment to the institution to conduct clinical trial work; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Immune Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Dwivedy Nasta:Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Aileron: Research Funding; Rafael/WF: Research Funding; Debiopharm: Research Funding; Merck: Other: DSMC; Takeda/Millenium: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


As important biomarkers, the levels of essential amino acids in serum are of vital importance for human health. Here, we reported two sensitive luminescent probes based on a novel heterometallic anionic MOF, Eu–K–bpda (H2bpda = 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylic acid), for wide-range L-cysteine detection in serum. Notably, the connected K+ ions enlarged the distance between Ln3+ ions and resulted in a more controllable illuminating color related to the Eu3+/Tb3+ ratio via limiting Tb3+–Eu3+ energy transfer, which has been rarely reported. Benefitting from an anionic framework, MOF exhibited significant adsorption for two heavy metal ions, namely, Fe3+ (105.15 mg g−1) and Cu2+ (143.88 mg g−1) as common toxicant ions with a luminescence response. Therefore, based on the strong affinity between metal ions and L-cysteine, the two designed Fe3+@Eu–K–bpda and Cu2+@Eu–K–bpda could act as efficient turn-on luminescent probes for detecting L-cysteine with high sensitivity (LOD = 0.149 μM) and a wide detection range (0–100 μM). Meanwhile, the luminescent platform demonstrated good water, pH, and thermal stability for recycling. The combination of adsorption and luminescence properties makes Eu–K–bpda a potential functional material for pollution control and biomarker detection.


Ship can not sail without water. Ships sail along different routes with different natural conditions. Thus ships sailing at different sea areas have their respective characteristics. The northern sea area and the southern one of China have different characteristics, that is to song, the sea in the northern area is shallow and that in the southern area is deep, Chinese ships developed into different types in order to adapt to this.


Two isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica recently found in humans in North America and one isolate of flea origin killed mice after sc inoculation. Median lethal doses varied from 1.6 x 104 to 54 x 104 bacteria. Of 11 remaining isolates tested in mice, all but four produced distinct morbidity without extensive mortality. The LD50 after ip inoculation was 1,000-fold less than after sc inoculation into mice. One selected isolate was also tested in gerbils. All gerbils inoculated ip with as few as 250 organisms died within four days. These findings indicate that this bacterial species can no longer be considered to be nonlethal for laboratory animals. Studies of the pathology and immunopathology of Y. enterocolitica disease processes, which were previously impractical because of the lack of suitable susceptible experimental animals, are now possible.


High-resolution structural characterization of membranebound proteins is itself a significant challenge but only provides part of our understanding with regards to function. The spatial organization of these proteins with respect to the lipid membrane is also important for their activity in biological processes. However, information such as the binding orientation of peripheral membrane proteins, conformational changes in integral proteins, and subunit organization of protein complexes are often lacking in high-resolution structures. Because biological membranes are thermally disordered environments, noncrystallographic scattering approaches are required. X-ray and neutron reflectivity have been applied in the past to characterize thin fluid films at the subnanometer level. Lately, neutron reflectivity (NR) has emerged as a powerful tool to study the complex molecular architecture of biological membrane systems. This has required the development of biomimetic lipid membrane environments, enhanced experimental methods, and sophisticated data analysis. One particularly important advancement has been the integration of high-resolution data and molecular modeling with NR to yield a 3D view of proteins on the membrane. In this chapter, these methods will be reviewed and examples in HIV-1 viral assembly will be given. Future strategies, employing selective deuteration and combining constraints from multiple membrane-protein methods, will also be discussed. Understanding the molecular forces that govern the structure and function of membrane proteins requires the continued development of new metrologies. Eventually, such insights can be used toward engineering test beds for therapeutic agents and applications in surface functionalization, biosensors, or self-assembly of biologically inspired nanoparticles. 5.


From the bargaining process, competing channel structure models are presented. The evolving process of channel structure under different bargaining power is analyzed. The important role of different bargaining power is discussed and the equilibrium result is found. Also the theoretical evidences for competing channel structure choice are given.


A torque converter was tested at four turbine/pump rotational speed ratios (0.200, 0.400, 0.600, and 0.800) all with a constant pump rotational speed in order to determine the effect of speed ratio on the torque converter pump flow field. Laser velocimetry was used to measure three components of velocity within the pump and a shaft encoder was employed to record the instantaneous pump angular position. Shaft encoder information was correlated with measured velocities to develop flow field blade-to-blade profiles and vector plots. Measurements were obtained in both the pump mid- and exit planes for all four speed ratios. Results showed large separation regions and jet/wake flows throughout the pump. The midplane flow was found to have strong counter-clockwise secondary components and the exit plane flow had strong clockwise secondary components. Mass flows were calculated from the velocity data and were found to decrease as the speed ratio was increased. Also, the vorticity and slip factors were calculated from the experimental data and are included. The mid-plane slip factors compare favorably to those for conventional centrifugal pumps but less slip was present in the exit plane than the mid-plane. Neither the slip factor nor the vorticity were seen to be strongly affected by the speed ratio. Finally, the torque core-to-shell and blade-to-blade torque distributions are presented for both planes.


The experimental and CFD analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between stall and leading-edge vortex (LEV) in a centrifugal compressor with vaned diffuser. The LEV is distinct from the separating vortex of the diffuser leading-edge and passage vortex of the diffuser. The LEV is made up of two longitudinal vortices. It is produced by the accumulation of vortices caused by the velocity gradient of the impeller-discharge flow. According to the experimental results, both the impeller and diffuser rotating stalls occurred at 55 and 25 Hz during off-design flow operation. Both stall cells were existed only on the shroud side of the flow passages, which is very close to the source location of the LEV. Additionally, the intensity and scale of the diffuser stall fluctuation are much larger than those of the impeller stall fluctuation. Therefore, the unsteady behavior of the LEV may play an important role in the inception of the rotating stall. According to the CFD results, the size of the LEV doesn't change, and the LEV is comparatively stable in the designed flow operation. On the other hand, the LEV develops and forms a huge flow blockage within the diffuser passages during off-design operation. Therefore, the LEV may be considered to be one of the causes of the diffuser stall in the centrifugal compressor. : Centrifugal compressor, Vaned diffuser, Rotating stall, Leading-edge vortex, CFD, DES 1. 緒 言 ターボ機械の一つである遠心圧縮機は産業界からの要請を受け,小型・高効率化が求められており,その観点 からも羽根付ディフューザが多用されている.羽根付ディフューザを採用すると高い圧力上昇が得られる反面, 羽根なしディフューザ採用時に比べ右上がり不安定領域が拡大し,部分流量運転時にはサージや旋回失速,旋回 不安定擾乱などの不安定現象が生じるという問題がある. ターボ機械に生じる不安定現象の研究報告は数多くなされており,その中でも旋回失速に関する報告が大部分 を占める.特に軸流機において研究が進んでおり,まず Moore と Greitzer が圧縮機の最大圧力上昇点において内 部流れ場が不安定になることを理論的に示し(Moore and Greitzer, 1986a, 1986b),その後,失速セルの発生やその特 性・構造などが実験的に調査されている(McDougall, et al., 1990),(Garnier, et al., 1991),(Day, 1993).さらに,Inoue らは実験による旋回失速セル構造の詳細な調査より,動翼負圧面に発生するトルネード型の渦の伝播が失速セル の旋回構造であることを指摘した(Inoue, et al., 2001).また井上らは数値解析においても失速セルがトルネード型 の渦構造を持つことを示している(井上他, 2000).旋回失速の発生に先立つ不安定現象としての旋回不安定擾乱に *1 早稲田大学,基幹理工学部(〒169-8555 東京都新宿区大久保 3-4-1) *2 正員,早稲田大学,基幹理工学部 E-mail of corresponding author: firstname.lastname@example.com * * * 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Received 2 April 2015


v iii CHAPTER I IN TR O D U C TIO N 1 II PREVIOUS WORK 7 III THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS 11 IV EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS A N D PROCEDURES 19 The Apparatus 19 Operation as a Section of a Baffle Plate or D isk-andDonut Tower 19 Operation as a Section of a Perforated Plate Tower 23 Instrumentation and Auxiliaries 25 Experimental Procedure 28 Determination of Liquid Physical Properties 31 V EXPERIMENTAL IN VESTIG ATIO NS AND RESULTS 33 Baffle Plate Studies 34 Perforated Plate Studies 36 Results of the Studies: Baffle Plate Runs 37 Results of the Studies: Perforated Plate Runs 43 VI C O N C LU SIO N S AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK 47 Conclusions 47 Future Work 48 BIBLIOGRAPHY 52 iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


This paper purposes methods to improve the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation system from two aspects. One is the new component materials, the other is the PV inverter technology. Six kinds of new component materials are introduced, and parallel operation control of PV inverters is analyzed in detail. Simulation results show that parallel operation of inverters can effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of PV systems.


issue of this year's Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, is deeply appreciated for emphasizing the possible drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and adverse effects (AE) that patients may experience while receiving antipsychotic polytherapy. This subject is of vital importance for patient safety, given that 5-20% of all hospitalizations for AE are reported to be caused by DDIs. Considering the frequency of serious adverse effects, this means that one in 200 hospitalized patients experienced a serious adverse effect as a consequence of DDIs


Using α,ω-dihydroxydimethylpolysiloxane(WS-62M),N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane(SG-Si900)and glycidyl polyoxyethylene methyl ether as raw materials,hydrophilic aminopolysiloxane fabric softener was synthesized by ester interchange reaction and ring-opening reaction,and optimum conditions were determined.Applied effects showed that hydrophilic aminopolysiloxane imparted the fabric good softness,whiteness,hydrophility,wrinkle resistance and durability to home laundering.


Abstract : The work described in this report is part of a broad program of continuing theoretical and experimental studies to achieve improved microwave semiconductor diodes and combination microwave devices. Of immediate particular interest is the research and development effort directed toward clarifying the relationship between structure and behavior of avalanche transit-time diode oscillators and the improvement of their microwave performance. Developmental work has resulted in fabrication of diode oscillators from bulk silicon which have the Read impurity profile, and are capable of CW operation in the 5-to-6- GHz range. However, the power output and efficiency obtained to date are considerably less than expected, and diodes are being studied further to explain the results. The report gives a study of the feasibility of making diode oscillators in germanium. The study was initiated to increase the understanding of the relationship between structure and performance of IMPATT (IMPact Avalanche Transit Time) oscillators. Germanium is of some interest because of the sharper knee of the carrier-velocity-versus-field curve, which should result in useful oscillators at relatively low bias voltages. Diode oscillators have been fabricated in germanium which exhibit CW operation at 0.5 per cent efficiency and with CW output power of 9.3 mW in the frequency range near 7 GHz.


Current–voltage characteristics of GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs /GaAs heterobarriers grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition were investigated for x from 0.32 to 0.46. Calculation of the current, which included just two components—a tunneling component and a thermionic component—agreed well with experimental results. The tunneling effective mass used is the same as the Γ point effective mass when x is 0.32; this value allows the calculated results to fit the experimental data. The tunneling effective mass becomes much larger than the Γ point mass as x increases. This fact suggests that the other band edge X participates in the tunneling process, making the effective mass larger as it approaches the Γ point edge. The barrier heights deduced from I–V and I–T relations are in good agreement. The results support a ratio of 60%–65% of AlGaAs/GaAs conduction‐band discontinuity to the total band‐gap difference.


A study is to show appropriateness of construction of light railway in Seoul in the near future in terms of ways to develop in general based on ten year plan on the Metro. To complete the aim, by using ?output analysis and data envelopment analysis on 8 among 10 lines, it tries to draw meaningful result to include efficiency among 8lines and regional economic impacts by construction industry. And also by suggesting chart of efficient degree to ten lines in Seoul, we are looking forward to seeing a blueprint for positive development of subway industry.


tion of this predicted loss-of-function mutation did not distinguish it from reported HS mutations. Together, these data support the causative nature of this mutation. As patient 3 was adopted, cosegregation of the mutation with the disease was precluded. Patients 1 and 2 showed no NSCTN mutation. To our knowledge, this is the first case of NCSTN mutation in PASH syndrome. Whether PASH is a monogenic disorder and involves pleiotropic mutations in a single gene, leading to all clinical manifestations, or whether it corresponds to a combination of different diseases, remains to be determined. For example, mutations in NCSTN (or other HS genes) could underlie HS in PASH, whereas additional factors (e.g. digenic inheritance, modifier genes) could cause other features not related to HS. Large samples of genetic pedigrees with multiple-affected individuals would make it possible to study the cosegregation of HS with other clinical manifestations and mutations. Interestingly, in pedigree 2, HS and acne cosegregated through three generations, whereas the two brothers had PASH syndrome, suggesting that a maternal mutation could cause HS and acne, while a second mutation may underlie PG. Similarly, a paternal and maternal mutation is suggested in pedigree 1, in which both parents had acne only. In summary, we report the first NCSTN mutation in a patient with PASH syndrome. We suggest that NCSTN mutation screening, in addition to PSTPIP1 screening, should be considered for patients with PASH syndrome and possibly also for patients with PAPASH syndrome.


Abstract Seventy holograph letters from Leonard Cockayne to colleagues in New Zealand and overseas have been summarised and annotated. The latter correspondents are J. D. Hooker (3 letters, 1904–19ll), W. T. Thiselton-Dyer (3 letters, 1899–1904), W. B. Hemsley (6 letters, 1902–1914), D. Prain (29 letters, 1906–1921), A. W. Hill (19 letters, 1923–1928), W. L. Jepson (4letters, 1900–1922 and 1letter from Jepson to Cockayne, 1911), and E. C. Jeffrey (I letter in 1929), and the former are H. G. Ell (1 letter in 1912), Mrs B. S. Halcombe (l letter in 1925) and J. S. Yeates (3 letters, 1926–1927). Also included are 4 typescript letters from Hill to Cockayne, and a congratulatory letter and cable relating to Cockayne's award ofthe Darwin Medal. Three additional holograph letters are included: C. E. Foweraker to Prain, Prain to Hill, and H. H. Allan to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Of particular interest are the letters from Cockayne to three Directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Thiselton-Dyer, Prain, a...


Abstract In this study, a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with quintuple band-notched and wide-band rejection characteristics is studied. The proposed antenna mainly consists of a rectangular radiating patch, a microstrip feeding line, and a modified rectangular ground plane. The quintuple band-notched functions with narrow stop bands are achieved at WiMAX (3.3–3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.725–5.825 GHz), C-band IEEE INSAT/super-extended (6.7–7.1 GHz) by using three modified inverted U-shaped slots and two symmetrical rectangular slots on the radiating path. Each stop band formed in the UWB antenna can be adjusted independently, and deep reflection zeros are formed between the adjacent stop bands. The formation of reflection zeros improves the band-edge selectivity of the stop band, and the notch characteristics are more prominent. To further study the wide stop band (C-band and X-band) with good selectivity characteristics, a pair of L-shaped open slot is added to the edges of two rectangular slots. Additionally, a pair of modified Rho-shaped resonators is located near the feeding line to realize band-notched characteristic at ITU service bands (8.025–8.4 GHz), thus a quintuple band-notched UWB antenna is achieved. The shape factor (ratio of the −3 dB bandwidth to the −10 dB bandwidth) of the wide stop band is 0.56, which indicates that the antenna has excellent band-edge selectivity. To verify the performance of the proposed design, both the time-domain and the frequency-domain characteristics of the antenna have been studied and analyzed. The simulated and measured results verify the design as a good candidate for various portable UWB applications.


Abstract Background Manogepix is a new antifungal with a novel mechanism of action and potent in vitro activity against Candida (except C. krusei), Aspergillus, and rare mold isolates. The manogepix prodrug fosmanogepix is in Phase 2 development for the treatment of invasive mold infections caused by Aspergillus and rare molds (NCT04240886) and has completed Phase 2 studies for candidemia (NCT03604705) and C. auris (NCT04148287) infections. We evaluated the in vitro activity of manogepix and comparators against 2,810 geographically diverse fungal isolates collected in the SENTRY Surveillance Program during 2020-2021 and stratified them by infection type. Methods Antifungal susceptibility testing of manogepix and comparator agents was conducted according to CLSI M27 (2017) and M38 (2017) guidelines. Fungal surveillance isolates were collected from medical centers located in North America (30 sites; 37.9%), Europe (30 sites; 38.4%), Asia-Pacific (11 sites; 14.7%), and Latin America (6 sites; 9.0%). Infection sites included bloodstream infections (BSI; 48.3%), pneumonia in hospitalized patients (PIHP; 19.9%), skin and skin structure infections (SSSI; 7.8%), urinary tract infections (UTI; 3.1%), intra-abdominal infections (IAI; 1.6%), and other infection types (19.3%). Results Manogepix demonstrated potent in vitro activity against Candida spp. isolates (MIC50/90, 0.004-0.03/0.008-0.06 mg/L) regardless of infection type (Table). Similarly, manogepix was highly active against 534 Aspergillus spp. isolates (MEC50/90, 0.015/0.03 mg/L). Manogepix was active against 53 Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (MIC50/90, 0.25/1 mg/L), 19 Fusarium spp. (MEC50/90, 0.015/0.06 mg/L), 12 Lomentospora prolificans (MEC50/90, 0.03/0.06 mg/L), and 17 Scedosporium spp. isolates (MEC50/90, 0.06/0.12 mg/L). Conclusion Manogepix showed potent in vitro activity against Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., C. neoformans var. grubii, and rare molds, including Fusarium spp., L. prolificans, and Scedosporium spp. isolates. Notable activity was also demonstrated by manogepix against C. auris isolates. Further clinical development of fosmanogepix in difficult-to-treat, resistant fungal infections is warranted. Disclosures Michael D. Huband, BS, AbbVie: Grant/Research Support|Melinta: Grant/Research Support Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, MD, PhD, AbbVie: Grant/Research Support|Cidara: Grant/Research Support|Melinta: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie: Grant/Research Support|Cidara: Grant/Research Support|GSK: Grant/Research Support|Melinta: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support|Shionogi: Grant/Research Support.


In this paper, we consider stationary measures of discrete-time three-state quantum walks including the Fourier and Grover walks in the one-dimensional lattice. We give non-uniform stationary measures by solving the corresponding eigenvalue problem. Our new method is based on a reduced matrix, which is different from the generating function approach in our previous work. As a corollary, the Fourier walk on the cycle has a stationary measure with a periodicity.


We have conducted a OH 18 cm survey toward 141 molecular clouds in various environments, including 33 optical dark clouds, 98 Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs), and 10 Spitzer dark clouds with the Arecibo telescope. The deviations from local thermal equilibrium are common for intensity ratios of both OH main lines and satellite lines. Line intensity of OH 1667 MHz is found to correlate linearly with visual extinction when is less than 3 mag. It was converted into OH column density by adopting the excitation temperature derived from Monte Carlo simulations with 1σ uncertainty. The relationship between OH abundance X(OH) relative to H2 and is found to follow an empirical formula, Linear correlation is found between OH and 13CO intensity. Besides, nonthermal velocity dispersions of OH and 13CO are closely correlated. These results imply tight chemical evolution and spatial occupation between OH and 13CO. No obvious correlation is found between column density and nonthermal velocity dispersion of OH and H i narrow self-absorption (HINSA), indicating different chemical evolution and spatial volume occupation between OH and HINSA. Using the age information of HINSA analysis, OH abundance X(OH) is found to increase linearly with cloud age, which is consistent with previous simulations. Fourteen OH components without corresponding CO emission were detected, implying the effectiveness of OH in tracing the "CO-dark" molecular gas.


Orientation tensors are widely used in short-fiber reinforced injection molding simulations of polymer composite products. In these computations, the evolution of an orientation tensor is given as a function of higher-order tensors, necessitating the use of a closure approximation. Current fourth-order fitted closures enable accurate and efficient computation of second-order tensor evolutions, but have been shown to be limited in their ability to accurately represent the fiber orientation distribution function. This article presents two sixth-order fitted closures that may be used to improve the accuracy of fiber orientation distribution function reconstructions. These new closures are written in terms of the second-order orientation tensor where it is assumed that the orthogonal planes of material symmetry of the sixth-order tensor are defined by the principal directions of the second-order tensor. Sixth-order tensor components are fit to either eigenvalues or invariants of the second-order tensor over numerous flow conditions and interaction coefficients. Example calculations illustrate that the new closures are capable of surpassing accuracy limits experienced when using any fourth-order closure.


Most patients no longer require an overnight stay before their surgical intervention, leaving nurses with a limited amount of time to prepare them for surgery.


Using advanced education,teaching theories of Multiple-intelligences and combining the problems in maths teaching reform,in teachers college comment on the new ideas of teaching reform,based on training student for profession in teaching theories,teaching goals,courses offered in a college,teaching methods,assessing methods etc,this paper discussed the new thought of maths teeching reform.


Each year at UEG Week we present a range of prizes, travel grants and scholarships created to foster basic and clinical research. Some of these enable young gastroenterologists to come to UEG Week, while others acknowledge exceptional scientific work. The United European Gastroenterology Journal (UEG) congratulates this year's award winners and wishes them a prosperous future and a successful career.


Ceramic Ba(Mg_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3 (BMT) is known as one of the compound having the A(B′_(1/3)B″_(2/3))O_3(A=Ba,Sr;B′=Zn,Mg; B″=Nb,Ta)complex perovskite structure. A solid-solution compound (Ba_(1-x)Sr_x)(Mg_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3 (BSMT) with complex perovskite structure was obtained by the substitution of Sr ions for Ba ions at the A-site. A new low-temperature phase caused by the tilting of oxygen octahedral are found as Sr content x ≥0.6. This new low-temperature phase is clarified to have a lower symmetry than that of the hexagonal structure of BMT. The new low-temperature phase can decrease the sintering temperature of BSMT to 1 500 ℃ (1 600 ℃ for BMT). The microstructure and the dielectric properties of BSMT, such as the dielectric constant e and the temperature coefficient of dielectric constant α_e,is related with the low-temperature phase transformation.


Planting geometry is considered as a very important tool for bet- ter production of True Potato Seed (TPS). The experiments were conducted to determine the suitable planting geometry for better yield from TPS mini tubers during autumn 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. It was revealed that even small size (5- 20g, 20-30g) tubers planted at closer row and plant spacing (60cm x 15cm,70cm x 15 cm) produced 31.00%, 31.33% and 28.33%, 32.33% medium size tubers (35-55 mm size). Whereas wider spacing (70cm x 20cm, 50cm x 20cm) produced relatively higher number of large size tubers.


An apparatus comprising: a touch screen (2), to make touch touching means (3,7) or a corresponding input of the reaction, and is provided to display one or more user interface elements (8); and a state of the device (5), for detecting the touch screen (2) administering to the touch input means (3,7) active mode. The device is provided with one or more user interface elements to be displayed on the touch screen (2) to (8) whose active mode is detected by the touch device status means (5) (3,7) for phase. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the method, and computer software program product.


A series of novel 2′-deoxyuridines with a thienyl substituent in the 5-position were synthesized as potential anti-HSV-1 agents. The brominated derivatives (1d, 1e and 3b) were obtained via halogenation reactions of the protected 5-(thien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-(thien-3-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine, respectively. The palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reaction with stannylated thiophene was used for the synthesis of (E)-5-(2-thienylvinyl)-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-(5,2′-dithien-2-yl)-2′-deoxyuridine. These compounds show moderate to good activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the order of decreasing activity 1d>4>1e>3b∼5. Finally, two substituted 5-isoxazol derivatives of 2′-deoxyuridine (6a and 6b) were obtained via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the protected 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. These new compounds demonstrated poor affinity for the virus-specific enzyme thymidine kinase.


Digital image analysis has proved to be a powerful tool for providing a prognosis for cancer patients. For the prognosis to be as robust and reliable as possible, information regarding cell-type is needed, and damaged or overlapping nuclei have to be removed. Manually labeling the cell nuclei is time-consuming and expensive. An automatic labeling procedure would be an important contribution to the preprocessing of cell nuclei. In this thesis, we have developed a model for automatic classification of cell-type and removal of debris, using modern machine learning techniques. An investigation of the manual labeling of a set of experts is performed, to evaluate the performance of our approach. For removal of different types of debris we have developed highly specific novel features. We have also evaluated a set of previously known features, for use in cell-type classification. We generally found that automatic classification can achieve similar performance to that of human experts. The best results were found to be a correct classification rate of 97 % for cell-type classification and 87 % for the complete classification of both cell-type and debris. On the same small dataset used for evaluation of the human experts we found an average correct classification rate of 79.43 %. This result was better than the worst performing human expert and within the 0.95 confidence interval (85.14± 7.29%). Our approach shows promising results for automatic labeling of cell nucleus images, but may still be less robust than human experts. Further investigation of the human performance is needed to conclude on whether the whole labeling process can be fully automated and in order to chart out a direction for the further development of the automatic procedure.


Abstract. The vertical distribution of black carbon (BC), as well as its
mixing state, is of great concern due to BC's strong regional climatic and
environmental effects. In this study, vertical measurements were conducted
through a moveable container based on a meteorological tower in the Beijing urban area during June and July. A total of 112 vertical profiles (0–240 m),
including the concentrations of BC, O3, NOx and the optical
properties of aerosols, were obtained. Based on BC concentration, the
vertical profiles could be classified into four categories: uniform, gradual decrease, sharp decrease and sudden increase. The uniform type indicates
strong vertical mixing with similar pollutant concentrations along the
vertical direction. The gradual and sharp decrease types indicate stable
vertical conditions with higher pollutant concentrations on the ground and
lower concentrations at higher altitudes. Due to the strong radiation in
summer, the vertical profiles exhibited a clear diurnal variation in which
∼ 80 % of profiles were uniform during the daytime and
∼ 40 %–90 % of profiles were of the gradual and sharp decrease types
at night. O3 is an exception, and its concentration generally increases
with height, even under strong vertical mixing conditions. The size
distribution of the BC core varied slightly along the vertical direction, and
the coating thickness, denoted by the diameter ratio between the
BC-containing particle and BC core (Dp/Dc), of BC increased with
height under stable conditions. Although the coating thickness could
increase the absorption ability with an average absorption enhancement of
1.25 at 23:00 LT (local time: UTC+8), the vertical difference of Dp/Dc (2 %) was much
lower than that of BC concentration (∼ 35 %). The vertical
variation in absorption ability was mainly caused by the variation in BC
concentration. In addition, O3 and Dp/Dc occasionally
increased during 06:00–08:00 but remained stable during 08:00–10:00. Vertical
mixing and transportation from upper heights, such as the residual layer,
could significantly influence the pollutant properties on the surface during
early mornings. This study exhibits a continuous vertical picture of BC and
its mixing state in urban areas, which would be helpful for understanding
BC's regional environmental effect.


We present a near-infrared (0.9–2.4 μm) spectroscopic study of 73 field ultracool dwarfs having spectroscopic and/or kinematic evidence of youth (≈10–300 Myr). Our sample is composed of 48 low-resolution (R ≈ 100) spectra and 41 moderate-resolution spectra (R ≳ 750–2000). First, we establish a method for spectral typing M5–L7 dwarfs at near-IR wavelengths that is independent of gravity. We find that both visual and index-based classification in the near-IR provides consistent spectral types with optical spectral types, though with a small systematic offset in the case of visual classification at J and K band. Second, we examine features in the spectra of ∼10 Myr ultracool dwarfs to define a set of gravity-sensitive indices based on FeH, VO, K i, Na i, and H-band continuum shape. We then create an index-based method for classifying the gravities of M6–L5 dwarfs that provides consistent results with gravity classifications from optical spectroscopy. Our index-based classification can distinguish between young and dusty objects. Guided by the resulting classifications, we propose a set of low-gravity spectral standards for the near-IR. Finally, we estimate the ages corresponding to our gravity classifications.


The computed annual yield and deficiency of the subbasins as defined in the Arkansas River Compact, Arkansas-Oklahoma, are given in tables. Actual runoff from the subbasins and depletion caused by major reservoirs in the compact area are also given in tabular form. Monthly, maximum, minimum, and mean discharges are shown for the 14 streamflow stations used in computing annual yield. Results of water-quality analyses are shown for the Arkansas River at Dam No. 13, near Van Buren, Arkansas.


ABSTRACT The effect of soil air entrapment on surface runoff rate and quantity was evaluated in the field using shallow subsurface drainage and tillage treatments to modify the amount of air trapped in a fragipan soil. The volume of pore space filled with air was increased by tillage and subsurface drainage. The latter also vented entrapped soil air during infiltration events. When the entrapped soil air was vented through the drain, the average steady-state subsurface drainage rate increased 20.9 and 48.9% for grass vegetated and tilled fallow conditions, respectively. Corresponding decreases in steady state surface runoff rates were 10.4 and 14.9%, respectively. Venting air pressure, as low as 40 Pa (gauge) resulted in an increase in drain flow rate and a decrease in runoff rate. Generally, lower soil air pressures during infiltration occurred in the vegetated soil because cracking along soil aggregate faces induced by transpirational drying provided for some surface venting. As a result, soil air pressure declined more during an extended infiltration event in the grass plot than in the fallow plot. The immediate result of tillage followed by precipitation was greater infiltration and soil water retention, however as reconsolidation occurred, soil air entrapment increased and a greater portion of the applied water became surface runoff. After reconsolidation caused by 627.6 mm of precipitation, air entrapment pressure of 1.36 kPa resulted in a 36.0% decrease in tile flow rate and 20.5% increase in surface runoff rate. Likewise, with reconsolidation air entrapment pressure of 2.41 kPa resulted in an 8.8% decrease in tile flow and 32.9% increase in surface runoff volumes.


Suppose there are a finite number n of activities or projects, each yielding an unknown reward at an uncertain time. Several m ( Copyright 1992 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.


Objective: Electrode placement in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the many variables that can influence clinical outcome. Quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of the ECT-induced seizure have been studied in an attempt to determine differences in various electrode placements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in the EEG between bifrontal (BF) and bitemporal (BT) placement. Method: Seventeen patients of maintenance ECT (10 males and 7 females) who received both BT and BF ECTs for a 12-month period starting January 2007 were identified through chart review. Patients were included if their medications, dosages and ECT parameters, and clinical condition remained stable during the study period. Each patient received both BF (n = 124) and BT (n = 112) placements. Results: We found no significant differences in EEG measures between the 2 placements. We demonstrated that the qualitative EEG measures in both BT and BF electrode placements are similar. Conclusions: Our findings support that BF electrode placement produces similar quality seizures when compared with BT placement and may be a viable alternative placement to BT.


Analyze the relativity between the chemical-oxygen-demand and suspension-substance in the surface water by the experiment, and educe the exact sampling-method of the COD-mensuration when analyze the sample of the surface water.


This issue includes five articles. The first article by Tse and Hobson adopts a macroenvironment framework to investigate the forces that shape China's outbound tourism. The article found that while socio-economic factors, which include competitive, demographic, economic, technological, and cultural forces, encourage outbound tourism, China maintains the ultimate control over the tourism market because of its political significance. The second article by Li and Hu provides a brief picture of red tourism in China by conceptualizing red tourism, as against communist heritage tourism in Europe, in the context of heritage tourism and analyzing the development of red tourism in China. The article affirms the involvement of the Chinese government in both the demand and supply sides of red tourism and concludes by recommending future studies in view of the political dominancy of red tourism practice in contemporary China. Taking into account seven independent variable sets, the third article by Li and Buhalis identifies the determinants of Chinese eCustomers purchasing tourism product online. An online survey was carried out through a leading online travel company in China in order to access individual members of the public. The research findings show that the type of travel website most visited, self-efficacy, domain-specific innovativeness, and perception of the Internet are the significant predictors. The article therefore suggests that China's tourism firms should educate their customers to use online booking engines and offer integrated and value-added services. The fourth article by Li and Cai assesses Chinese travellers' attitude and behavior of souvenir shopping by using frequency analysis, principal components analysis, and a importanceperformance analysis model. The article examines 135 domestic travellers at the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace in Beijing and the results indicate that culture expression of the souvenir, appropriateness as gift, overall quality, representation/symbolism of the attraction, and workmanship of souvenir are the five major criteria for the Chinese travellers to purchase souvenir at the two attractions. Taking Zhangjiajie National Park of Wuling Yuan, China as the example, the last article by Wang, Xia, and Chen discusses the importance of aesthetic values to sustainable tourism development. The article argues that aesthetic values may exert considerable influence on economic and ethical values in nature-based tourism destinations as attractive scenery can raise environmental awareness and tourists will be more inclined to contribute to the local community as a result. In this regard, the authors provide suggestions for improving aesthetic values, such as developing aesthetic value evaluation methods, promoting aesthetic knowledge, as well as forging closer cooperation among different stakeholders in tourism planning.


Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most effective psychotherapeutic methods in terms of financial and time costs. Mastering of these methods is important for psychologist consultants to provide appropriate and effective assistance in addressing emotional-behavioral needs of students and those involved in the educational process in secondary, higher and professional technical education institutions. The use of cognitive-behavioral therapeutic approach in children and adolescents requires modification and adaptation of methods to the developmental levels and age characteristics of children and adolescents that is presented in this article.


Background: Microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1) plays an important role in both activation and detoxification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and aromatic amines. Polymorphism EPHX1 His139Arg in susceptibility to lung cancer has been reported with inconsistent outcomes. Aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between this polymorphism and lung cancer in smokers.Method: Consecutive sampling and case-control study was applied. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP assay. The chi-square test with p<0.05 considered as significant.Results: Of all 84 subjects, in case and control groups, wild-type variant His139His were 34 (81%) and 30 (71.4%), heterozygote variant His139Arg were 8 (19%) and 12 (28.6%), there was no homozygote variant Arg139Arg identified. (p=0.36).Conclusion: The EPHX1 His139His represents a common polymorphism in both of subject groups. There is no association between His139Arg polymorphism of EPHX1 and lung cancer.


A brief report on a dramatic reading of Vizenor's Bear Island: The War at Sugar Point staged at the Univeristy of Michigan in March 2018 in conjunction with Vizenor's presentation of the third annual Berkhofer Lecture.


The problem of returned condensed water temperature is too high is solved,as well as the water–water heat exchanger can not work normally due to fouling and steam-water heat exchanger's condensed water level is unclear,through the local system process modification of thermal station.The full water and steam leaking appear easily for the heat exchanger,causing the impact of steam and water,which also can be solved by this modification.Through this modification and the actual operation,the feasibility of temperature adjusting for the first pipe net of heat supply system and the temperature control for recycled condensed water are verified,by using the liquid level control method of heat exchanger.This adjusting method is easy to handle,easy to operate,quite safe and reliable.And it is also easy to be grasped by the direct operator.


Are we justified in referring to all landslides as natural hazards? With the effects of climate change, landslide incidences are increasing all over the world, and many of them accompany floods and occur due to extreme weather events. It has been unequivocally established that humans are responsible for global climate change. Further, landslides also occur in deforested areas. Even if one were to discount the effects of deforestation on climate change and the subsequent occurrence of landslides, one cannot ignore the fact that deforestation leads to slope instabilities in multiple ways. It decreases the effective retaining strength of the slope materials and also exposes more slope material to weathering and consequent leaching. Thus, deforestation and climate change, caused directly or indirectly by human beings, have a significant bearing on landslide occurrence. Furthermore, several catastrophic landslides in recent times have occurred due to indiscriminate human activity, such as constructing dams and other structures on fragile slopes, blasting slopes for road construction without providing adequate toe support, excessive mining, constructing faulty retaining structures on unstable slope material, etc. Over the years, such human activity has resulted in landslides of all types and at various scales. Whether a landslide is natural, caused due to anthropogenic factors, or a combination of the two, the investigation approach and monitored parameters remain the same; we still need to identify the various causative factors and quantify their rates of change over time in the run up to the landslide event. However, we need a paradigm shift in our perspective and treatment of landslides. We need to accept that human activity is, or can be, responsible for landslide occurrence. With this change in perspective, we would monitor slopes with an increased awareness that human actions could negatively impact slope stability. This, in turn, would entail monitoring at every stage to ensure that no human activity adversely impacts the natural balance, thus paving the way for truly sustainable development. We would be doing great disservice to the investigation and monitoring of landslides by such preconceived notions as all landslides are natural hazards. It is high time that we accept our part in compounding the problem of landslide occurrences and come up with solutions to monitor the impact of human activity on the environment to prevent landslides.


A problem of ultra-high frequency radiofrequency identification (UHF RFID) reader is the reading range because one antenna is used for transmitting carrier and backscattered signal. In this study, a carrier-cancellation circuit is used with a commercial directional coupler to obtain a good isolation between transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) by suppressing the transmitting leakage signal. The suppression level of the circuit can be obtained by applying the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize values of digitally tunable capacitors. Experimental result of the S24 of the directional coupler is approximately of -70 dB which showed the good isolation between Tx and Rx at 900 MHz.


lambda sigma is a simulation language based on Whitehead's (1960) theory of reality and formalized in the typed lambda -calculus. lambda sigma entities are described as elements of a type and lambda sigma activities are subtypes. Type inference algorithms can be used to analyze and verify models in which the flow of entities is deterministic. In this paper, the authors describe the use of temporal logic to analyze and verify models in which entities move from one activity to another with a given probability. The approach is to apply the proof system for temporal logic with uncertainty of Lehmann and Shelah (1982).<<ETX>>


In order to assess the cracking performance of cross-sea bridge in water freezing-thaw and erosion coupling,through establishment of the Ottosen strength criterion on concrete freeze-thaw and erosion,combined with the characteristics of northern freezing coastal areas and the structure of non-navigable bridge,the crack resistance performance of a few key points on the bottom of concrete pile cap of non-navigational bridge were analysed and assessed.The results show that cracks will occur at the bottom of concrete pile cap(midpoint E,point A and point C) after 130 years service under the wave load or ice load once in the hundred years,i.e.,security service time of the piers is 130 years.Therefore,in design and construction process,the control of concrete crack of the pile cap bottom should be strengthened to improve the durability of the bridge stucture.


This power factor improving device, to which a three-phase alternating current is inputted, reliably improves the power factor and stably converts power with a simple configuration and control. This power factor improving device comprises: a first, second, and third input terminal R, S, T into which a three-phase alternating current is inputted; a positive electrode output terminal p and a negative electrode output terminal n which are connected to a load; three reactors Lr, Ls, Lt which are connected at one terminal to the first, second and third input terminal, respectively; one or multiple switching elements which have a terminal D to which the voltage of the other terminal of each of the three reactors is applied, another terminal S which is connected to the negative electrode output terminal n, and a control terminal G which is provided for switch control; a first, second and third rectifier device D1, D2, D3 which have one terminal to which the voltage of the other terminal of the three reactors is applied, respectively, and which enable conduction of current to the positive electrode output terminal p; and a smoothing capacitor C which is connected between the positive electrode output terminal p and the negative electrode output terminal n, wherein the control terminals of the one or multiple switching elements are controlled by one control signal having a constant duty ratio.


philosophy." Four years earlier Stevens (4, p. 323) had presented operationism as "the revolution that will put an end to the possibility of revolution" in psychology by providing "the rigor of definition which silences useless controversy." The present article has been written in the belief that, while Stevens has presented an invaluable summary of what may well prove to be an epochal development in human thought, some of his basic definitions are so lacking in rigor as to require some highly useful controversy for their clarification. Let us begin by presenting three of these inadequate definitions:


Aiming at the deficiencies of power sharing control performances when a traditional droop control is adopted for microgrid inverters, this paper proposes a microgrid inverter power sharing control strategy based on a virtual synchronous generator. This control method simulates the electromechanical transient characteristics of a synchronous generator in a power system by an ontology algorithm and the control laws of a synchronous generator by control over the speed governor and excitation regulator. As a result, that the microgrid system is able to effectively retain the stability of the voltage and frequency, and the power sharing precision of the microgrid inverter is improved. Based on an analysis of stability of a microgrid system controlled by a virtual synchronous generator, design thoughts are provided for further improvement of the power sharing precision of inverters. The simulation results shows that when the virtual synchronous generator based control strategy was adopted, the power sharing performances of microgrid inverters are improved more obviously than those using the droop control strategy.


Academic papers contain multiple figures representing important findings and experimental results; we present a search engine specifically focused on figures in academic documents. This search engine allows users to search on figures in approximately 150,000 chemistry journal articles though the method is easily extendable to other domains. Our system indexes figure caption and mentions extracted from the PDF in documents using a custom built extractor. Recall and precision performance of extracted figures is in the 80 to 90% range. We give the frame work for the extraction algorithm, architecture and ranking function.