Planning has always been regarded as a matter for the experts. Laymen affected by the plans have usually participated in the process only by accepting or rejecting through their representatives planning projects drawn up by technicians. The necessary importance of the rôle of technicians and the inevitable conflict between technical considerations, which must determine the recommendations of the experts, and political considerations, which must determine the attitude of representatives, have led many to regard the whole idea of systematic planning (in any large field of production) as undemocratic in its general trend. The whole idea of planning, they insist, points necessarily toward bureaucratic centralization of responsibility. The significance of the recently launched County Land Use Planning program lies in the effort to achieve from the first stages of the process and at the most local levels of organization that fusion between the skill and experience of the expert and the political choices of laymen which is the essence of modern democracy. Decentralization and localization of planning is, of course, particularly essential in agriculture because of the need to adapt methods for attaining general objectives to widely varying sectional differences. At the same time, lay participation in agricultural planning can mean widespread participation because of the wide spread of individual responsibility for individual farm enterprises. It may well be, therefore, that the lessons to be learned from this experiment in democratic planning for agriculture are not readily transferable to other fields of productive enterprise. That is a question that I must leave to others.


Background. Although toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation has been demonstrated to play a key role in the induction of intrahepatic inflammation, leading to hepatocellular damage in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), the nature of TLR4 ligands generated during tissue injury remains to be elucidated. We hypothesized that endogenous TLR4 ligands, rather than endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), are instrumental in the activation of liver TLR4 leading to local inflammation response that culminates in ultimate organ IRI. Methods and Results. By using the LPS-neutralizing agent, recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, we showed that the endotoxin blockade failed to protect mouse livers from warm IRI, as assessed by serum alanine aminotransferase levels, intrahepatic inflammatory gene induction profile, and liver pathology. The recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein did not cause any hepatocytoxicity by itself if injected into normal naive mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that liver perfusates, generated by isolated liver perfusion system, contained LPS-independent, heat-sensitive protein molecules that activated macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α through TLR4 but not TLR2 pathway. Conclusion. This study provides a definitive evidence that endogenous TLR4 ligands are critical in the pathogenesis of liver IRI.


For animals and for firms, learned habits and mimicking successful others mostly aid survival—except when they do not. In this issue of OMJ, Major, Maggitti, Smith, Grimm, and Derfus "use the awareness–motivation–capability (AMC) perspective developed by Chen and colleagues (Chen, 1996; Chen, Su, & Tsai, 2007) to examine the tension between a firm's tendency to automatically repeat its own past competitive activity or to imitate others versus its capability and desire to be more selective and less predictable." Building a theoretical and empirical case, they argue that some firms may repeat past actions "reflexively" informed (and limited) by past actions, and they will make only slow and incremental changes. Also reflexively, some firms may imitate actions of successful competitors. Both classes of reflexive processes can stem from limitations on information and processing. Resulting programmed or routine decisions do not represent particularly broad planning and might not increase organizational effectiveness. Major et al. note that "What would cause one firm to imitate some rivals, but not others, is yet unclear." They propose that variations in "awareness, motivation, and capability to engage other firms in rivalry" lead firms to base competitive activity both (a) reflexively from their own and others' experiences and (b) contextually based upon "more strategic and less predictable" cognitive selections. Applying accepted approaches with structured content analysis, they examined as a dependent variable a count of marketing activities (e. g., mergers and acquisitions, alliances, product introductions, advertising campaigns and product announcements, and product innovations) of "2,164 industry-specific, firm–rival dyads from 11 industries ranging from hard goods manufacturers and general retailers to utility providers and national supermarkets over a 6-year period." Independent variables included measures of marketing activity, performance, industry leadership, and similarity in industry standing—lagged by 1 year. Major et al. considered contextual effects on a firm's selective behavior and future competitive activity, including prior focal firm performance, rival firm performance, rival industry leadership, and similarity in industry standing. They examined four hypotheses about the interplay of reflexive and selective behavior and found "consistent support for the main effects of both the focal firm and rivals prior levels of competitive activity on future firm activity level, providing evidence of the existence of reflexive competitive behavior. There is also support for selective behavior in the influence of certain contextual factors." They found, however, that prior performance of rivals did not affect rivals' level of influence and that industry leaders provided elevated influence. Further, rival–firm similarity did affect the relationship between rival prior marketing activity and the focal firm's future marketing activity. The study demonstrates that (in terms of marketing activities) firms can act both reflexively and selectively, and they can learn from their own and from rivals' activity. Consequently, Major et al. note that (a) firms cannot predict the behavior of rivals from past behaviors alone, (b) firms may gain decision-making advantages by recognizing which rivals act reflexively and which act selectively, and (c) competing firms do select particular rivals for imitation. This well-presented article promises to stimulate much further research.


Apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells is involved in the pathogenesis of type I and II diabetes. Peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) serves an important role in regulating cellular apoptosis; however, the role of Prx I in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis is not completely understood. In the present study, the role of peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx I) during streptozotocin (STZ)-induced apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells was investigated. The expression level of Prx I was decreased by STZ treatment in a time-dependent manner, and apoptosis of Prx I knockdown MIN6 cells was increased by STZ stimulation, compared with untransduced MIN6 cells. Furthermore, an intraperitoneal injection of STZ increased pancreatic islet damage in Prx I knockout mice, compared with wild-type and Prx II knockout mice. AKT and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β phosphorylation significantly decreased following Prx I knockdown in MIN6 cells. However, phosphorylated β-catenin and p65 levels significantly increased after STZ stimulation, compared with untransduced cells. The results of the present study indicate that deletion of Prx I mediated STZ-induced pancreatic β-cell death in vivo and in vitro by regulating the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, as well as NF-κB signaling. These findings provide a theoretical basis for treatment of pancreatic damage.


Oscillating point patterns are point processes derived from a locally finite set in a finite dimensional space by i.i.d. random oscillation of individual points. An upper and lower bound for the variation distance of the oscillating point pattern from the limit stationary Poisson process is established. As a consequence, the true order of the convergence rate in variation norm for the special case of isotropic Gaussian oscillations applied to the regular cubic net is found. To illustrate these theoretical results, simulated planar structures are compared with the Poisson point process by the quadrat count and distance methods.


To speak about infrastructure is to invoke both the promise of a future as well as imminent trauma. Underground or above ground, systems that makes urban flows possible are always a threat, even when black-boxed and separated from the smooth flow of conscious urban life (Graham 2010). The city might be turned into a weapon or the city is constantly broken and must be fixed. The city is overflowing and must be contained or the city is too contained and must grow and let off steam. The story of infrastructure always begins with one or another of these historical moments – it is never a story of which infrastructure is itself the subject but a narrative about growth, decay or the end of the city, in which infrastructure happens to play a leading role. This paper grows out of eavesdropping on many conversations about infrastructure not the least of which are the shrill cries of despair about the "infrastructure problems" of mega-cities of the South. My intuition is that part of the context for these conversations is a fundamental disconnection between the 'real' of infrastructure as the organizational medium of urban life and the various models and propositions from which urbanism is seen to derive, such as the metropolis, the global city, the mega-city and the world city to name just a few popular models that dominate urban theorizing. This disconnection gives rise to numerous ethical challenges on how to reconcile to the ongoing and actually existing practices of urbanism in cities today when the normative horizons provided by models have given way to an incessant present of speculative practices, detached from ideas of the "near future" (Guyer 2007) that dominated mid-20th century planning imaginaries.


The objective of this study is twofold: first, to assess level of risk arising from civil appeals to building construction sites through questionnaire survey towards the selected field managers, and second, to suggest some directions for the mitigation and/or prevention of the occurrence of civil appeals. From the survey, total number of the occurrence appears to be about twice than that of the occurrence formally submitted to municipal government or ward office. Among other appeal items surveyed, noise, dust and vibration item turn out to be highest level in probability as well as severity of the appeals. On the other, it is statistically analyzed that the level of risk has higher correlation with the level of probability than that of severity. The study further provides some preventive measures by the type of appeals based on the experiences of field managers.


This article offers an analysis of the ways in which Mario Regueira's novel, Outono aqui, and its characters challenge the silence imposed upon non-hegemonic national and sexual identities and narratives. Outono aqui establishes—through a series of intertextual references—a literary genealogy that exceeds the limits of sexuality, language, and nation, to offer a queer Galician literary aesthetic that, far from marginal, can only be understood in a transnational and transhistoric context.


ABSTRACT Pledging allegiance to a larger terrorist group is assumed to increase activities of religious terrorist groups because of cooperative relationships and further support. In a competing theory, a pledge to another group is viewed as symbolic to motivate a group's supporters. Taking Al-Shabaab terrorism as a case, the current study tests the extent to which those competing theories are valid for frequencies of bombings and relevant fatalities. Even though Al-Shabaab pledged allegiance to al-Qaeda since 2012, the literature lacks an empirical test of whether or not a significant change occurred in Al-Shabaab's attacks after the pledge. Drawing on data from the Global Terrorism Database results from our vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis indicate that the frequency and lethality of Al-Shabaab's bombing attacks and fatalities did not change significantly in the post-pledge period. The contributions of our findings to the terrorism literature are discussed and policy implications for counterterrorism efforts are considered.


This talk will present an overview of the ongoing ERCIM project SMARTDOCS (SeMAntically-cReaTed DOCuments) which aims at automatically generating webpages from RDF data. It will particularly focus on the current issues and the investigated solutions in the different modules of the project, which are related to document planning, natural language generation and multimedia perspectives. The second part of the talk will be dedicated to the KODA annotation system, which is a knowledge-base-agnostic annotator designed to provide the RDF annotations required in the document generation process.


This paper discusses a communication model to exchange multimedia messages in a group of multiple processes. Quality of Service (QoS) required by an application has to be supported. In traditional communication protocols like TCP and RTP, a process can reliably deliver messages to one or more than one process, i.e. one-way transmission. In the group communication, a process sends multimedia messages to multiple processes while receiving multimedia messages from multiple processes in a group. In addition, messages are required to be causally delivered. We discuss how to transmit multimedia messages to each destination process so as to satisfy QoS requirement.


In this paper, an investigative review of social network analysis (SNA) to counter terrorism is presented. Various measures used for predicting key players of terrorist networks are discussed. The methods used for the survey is based on the existing research work that was carried out on counter terrorism of insurgency, for example, 9/11 (2001) attack in the United States. The research papers have shown that the SNA is one of the most efficient and effective methods for understanding terrorist networks. For example, the National security agency has been mapping phone calls ever since the 9/11 event and through this research work, United States have been able to uncover so many hidden terrorist and criminal groups. This paper provides an avenue for a suggestive idea that the Nigerian government can make use of SNA technique by phone mapping. This is based on the fact that Nigeria can combat terrorism in the nation. The Nigerian government can emulate phone mapping technique as Boko Haram terrorists are within the country and they actually make use of phone calls. The government only needs to collaborate with the telecommunication and network providers companies in Nigeria to track down these terrorists. Using SNA to understand/discover terrorist networks in the region is novel.


Let G be a nontrivial edge-colored connected graph. An edge-cut R of G is called a rainbow cut if no two edges of it are colored the same. An edge-colored graph G is rainbow disconnected if for every two vertices u and v, there exists a u − v rainbow cut. For a connected graph G, the rainbow disconnection number of G, denoted by rd(G), is defined as the smallest number of colors that are needed in order to make G rainbow disconnected. In this paper, we first solve a conjecture that determines the maximum size of a connected graph G of order n with rd(G) = k for given integers k and n with 1 ≤ k ≤ n − 1, where n is odd, posed by Chartrand et al. in [5]. Secondly, we discuss bounds of the rainbow disconnection numbers for complete multipartite graphs, critical graphs, minimal graphs with respect to chromatic index and regular graphs, and give the rainbow disconnection numbers for several special graphs. Finally, we get the Nordhaus-Gaddum-type theorem for the rainbow disconnection number of graphs. We prove that if G and G are both connected, then n−2 ≤ rd(G)+rd(G) ≤ 2n−5 and n−3 ≤ rd(G) ·rd(G) ≤ (n−2)(n−3). Furthermore, examples are given to show that the upper bounds are sharp for n ≥ 6, and the lower bounds are sharp when G = G = P4.


Hydrogen can be trapped in the bulk materials in four forms: interstitial molecular H2, interstitial atom H, O−H+(2Si=O–H)+, Si−H−( )− to affect the electronic and optical properties of amorphous silica. Therefore, the electronic and optical properties of defect-free and hydrogen defects in amorphous silica were performed within the scheme of density functional theory. Initially, the negative charged states hydrogen defects introduced new defect level between the valence band top and conduction band bottom. However, the neutral and positive charged state hydrogen defects made both the valence band and conduction band transfer to the lower energy. Subsequently, the optical properties such as absorption spectra, conductivity and loss functions were analyzed. It is indicated that the negative hydrogen defects caused the absorption peak ranging from 0 to 2.0 eV while the positive states produced absorption peaks at lower energy and two strong absorption peaks arose at 6.9 and 9.0 eV. However, the neutral hydrogen defects just improved the intensity of absorption spectrum. This may give insights into understanding the mechanism of laser-induced damage for optical materials.


The solid fuels are still used in many regions of the world and assures the energy production. Nowadays, the mitigation of climate changes require strict regulations regarding the use and efficient combustion of solid fuels such as coal and reduction of the emissions. One way to ensure reduction of the emissions is an efficient combustion, which can be obtained using the pulverized coal. The pulverized coal ensure the good mixing of the fuel and air reactants and thus, it ensures an efficient combustion and minimization of the emissions. Experimental studies of solid fuels combustion are challenging and costly. Therefore, the computational methods offer the advantage of fast and accurate predictions of the flow variables and combustion products. In this study we propose a computational method using the large-eddy simulation (LES) approach along with the flamet combustion model. The study shows that the LES approach along with the flamet model predict very well the flow variables and combustion products. The study reveals an increase of entropy and decrease of density in the combustion region. As the flame moves towards the exit of the combustion the temperature decreases.


Abstract Forty-two Holstein calves were assigned randomly to treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of two milk replacer feeding systems (ad libitum vs. twice daily feeding of cold acidified milk replacer) and two housing types (warm vs. cold). The objectives were to compare the cold ad libitum system with a twice daily regimen and to evaluate its use under two housing types. For wk 1 to 5, calves fed ad libitum consumed more dry milk replacer (.86 vs. .65 kg/d), less calf starter (.07 vs. .15 kg/d), and less free choice water (.50 vs. 1.29 kg/d) than calves fed twice daily. Gains for ad libitum vs. twice daily were not different, but were significantly higher for cold than warm housing possibly due to respiratory problems in the barn. Calves did not increase consumption of replacer in response to cold housing. For wk 6 to 8, no differences in intake were observed, but daily gains were higher for calves in warm housing (.74 vs. .49kg). There were no differences in weights or daily gain at 24, 36, or 52 wk of age. Plasma glucose was higher for calves fed ad libitum (127.1 vs. 110.6 mg/dl). All calves showed two distinct plasma glucose peaks during a day, indicating that calves fed ad libitum may consume two meals per day instead of small frequent meals. Ad libitum feeding of acidified replacer did not result in improved growth despite higher replacer intakes. There were no differences in response to ad libitum feeding in warm or cold housing.


A Thesis presented to the School of Postgraduate Studies and Research Kampala International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree
Master of Conflict resolution


The quantized Hall resistance of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures is used for the realization of the unit of resistance. With respect to an application in magnets with lower fields, we have produced such devices with carrier concentrations even below 3/spl middot/10/sup 15/ m/sup -2/ and checked their metrological quality.


Model tests on the shear resistance behaviors of rock-concrete interface are carried out with regard to rock-socketed piles in red-sandstone rock.The results indicate that the shear resistance of rock-socketed piles in red-sandstone decreases with increase of depth,and fluctuates along with characters of rock joints and cracks and the drilling quality and so on.In addition,the mobilized pile resistance in the upper zone is much greater than that in the lower zone while the load comes to the limit vertical bearing capacity of the piles.The length of the piles will impact load transfer efficiency and its speed of shear resistance obviously,and the efficiency will decrease and the ultimate resistance will minish with the increase of the pile length.Also,the distribution of shear resistance will be affected by rock state.With the softening of the red-sandstone rock around the pile intenerating,both the ultimate resistance value and the bearing capacity reduce.With rigidity of red-sandstone rock under the piles,the proportion of resistance declines and the resistance exerts faster.The increase of length and rigidity of the red-sandstone rock will make the distribution of resistance concentrate in the upper zone.It is concluded that the bearing capacity is much safer according to the present code.


[Objective] To study the correlation between quality characters of tomato. [Method] Forty first-generation hybrid varieties of tomato from 5 female parents and 8 male parents were taken as the test materials to get tomato fruit shape index,pH,fruit hardness,and soluble dry matter with measurement method,total acid and VCcontent with titrimetric method,lycopene,soluble sugar,total sugar and reducing sugar content with colometric method,phenotypic correlation coefficient,genetic correlation coefficient of each character with correlation method, direct correlation effect and indirect correlation effect among characters. [Result]Within a certain range,higher fruit acidity means lower pH and higher fruit hardness. The correlation between sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar,total sugar,soluble solid matter and reducing sugar content achieves the extremely significant level,that between soluble solid matter and soluble sugar achieves the significant level,that between sugar-acid ratio and total sugar content achieves the extremely significant level. Total sugar content has greater direct effect on soluble solid matter content; fruit hardness has negative effect on total sugar content via the indirect action of soluble solid matter and soluble sugar. According to the determination coefficients,determination coefficient of such characters as total acidity for sugar-acid ratio,and such characters as fruit hardness for total sugar content is 0. 5,and all others is 0. 5,i. e. character indexes are correlated,but other characters also act. [Conclusion]Screening quality tomato varieties is based on not only fruit shape index,fruit hardness,soluble sugar content,soluble solid matter content,total sugar content,reducing sugar content and total acid content,but also other characters influencing tomato quality,which lays a theoretic support for the future screening of quality tomato varieties.


Objective To observe the effects of Huoxue Xiaoyin pills on microvascular density in patients with psoriasis in blood stasis syndrome.Methods 40 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,20patients in reatment group were treated with Huoxue Xiaoyin pills and 20 in control group with Xiaoyin pills in treatment course of 8 weeks,then the chhanges of microvascular density in lesions of psoriasis were detected by immunohistochemically technique before and after treatment.Results The changes of the microvascular density in both groups were significantly different(P0.01);but it was still different with normal persons(P0.05).Conclusion Huoxue Xiaoyin pills is effective obviously to improve microvascular density in patients with psoriasis,but difficult to return to normal,which may be related to that the disease is easy to recure.


The Rayleigh Quotient Iteration (RQI) was developed for real symmetric matrices. Its rapid local convergence is due to the stationarity of the Rayleigh Quotient at an eigenvector. Its excellent global properties are due to the monotonie decrease in the norms of the residuals. These facts are established for normal matrices. Both properties fail for nonnormal matrices and no generalization of the iteration has recaptured both of them. We examine methods which employ either one or the other of them. 1. History. In the 1870's John William Strutt (third Baron Rayleigh) began his mammoth work on the theory of sound. Basic to many of his studies were the small oscillations of a vibrating system about a position of equilibrium. In terms of suitable generalized coordinates, any set of small displacements (the state of the system) will be represented by a vector q with time derivative q. The potential energy V and the kinetic energy T at each instant t are represented by the two quadratic forms V = i (Mq, q) = \q*Mq, T = £ {Hq, q) = \q*Kq, where M and H are suitable symmetric positive definite matrices, constant in time, and q* denotes the transpose of q. Of principal interest are the smallest natural frequencies w and their corresponding natural modes which can be expressed in the generalized coordinates in the form exp(i«r)x where x is a constant vector (the mode shape) which satisfies (M-o,2H)x=0. Among other things, Lord Rayleigh showed that the frequency can be written in terms of the mode shape <il2 = V/T = x*Mx/x*Hx, the ratio of the two energies. Received August 10, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 65F15; Secondary 15A18.


We have presented the results of experiments which demonstrate the use of fluorescent activated cell sorting as a sensitive tool of measure small yet significant identifiable changes in epidermal immune molecules residing in the epidermis


The present invention relates to a motor that is capable designed mounted on a circuit board (303) (10), the circuit board (303) includes pointer side portion (305) and the rear side portion (307). Motor (101) can be used to rotate the lighting pointer. Motor (101) is a side section after the circuit board (303) of the circuit board from the (307) circuit board through (303) the pointer side portion (3034) light delivery pointer shaft projecting (305) (103) a. Pointer shaft (103) is arranged to carry the light to the pointer. Motor has a light guide (113) for conveying from a light source mounted light to a circuit board (303) (301) to the rear end of the pointer shaft (103), the side edge after the pointer shaft (103) parts are located on the side surface portion after the circuit board (303) (30). Thus, it is advantageous because the motor can be attached to the side surface portion after the circuit board (303). .FIELD 4


Nitric oxide (NO) can play both pro-survival and pro-death roles in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The generation efficiency of peroxynitrite anions (ONOO-), by NO and superoxide anions (O2˙-), significantly influenced the outcome. Reports indicated that such efficiency is closely related to the distance between NO and O2˙-. Thus, in this manuscript, L-arginine (Arg) ethyl ester modified zinc phthalocyanine (Arg-ZnPc) was designed and synthesized as photosensitizer (PS) and NO donor. Post light irradiation, the guanido of Arg-ZnPc can be effectively oxidized by the generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in its PDT process to release NO. Such strategy could ensure O2˙- and NO generation in the same place at the same time to guarantee the effective ONOO- formation. In addition, NO has others multiple synergistic cancer treatment functions, including tumor tissue vasodilatation for drug extravasation promotion, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) down-regulation for drug efflux inhibition and glutathione (GSH) depletion for cancer cell endogenous anti-oxidant defense destruction. All in vitro and in vivo results indicated that the effective ONOO- formation and multiple functions of Arg-ZnPc could synergistically enhance its PDT activity and ensure its satisfied cancer treatment outcome.


Starting from some central texts of Horace's late poetry this book tries to offer a general picture of Horace's poetry, his political poetry and his relationship with his patrons in particular. It is aimed not only at classicists, but also at students of literature and history.


to provide at least partial intellectual support for a number of specific CIM cases, applications, and the introduction of new products and systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of new software engineering technologies, object-oriented approach, database design, hierarchical control and intelligent systems. A number of fundamental techniques and methods for achieving manufacturing realization are extracted from modem manufacturing theory and the currently successful practices. The structure of the presentation reflects four fundamental aspects of manufacturing: planning, modeling, design and control. Thirteen chapters of the book are grouped together in six parts. The first part addresses general issues of modem manufac-


A new compound derived from 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone and glycine methyl ester has been synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR spectra and elemental analysis. A full X-ray crystal structure analysis of the compound has been performed. The crystal is Triclinic, space group is Pī, a= 0.9403 (3) nm, b=0.9884(3) nm, c = 1.0127(3) nm, α= 86.666(7)o,β=89.827(6)o, γ=73.951(6) o, V= 0.9029 (5) nm3, Z=2, Dc=1.285 Mg'm-3,μ=0.088 mm -1, F(000)=368.


This paper focuses on sensing-throughput tradeoffs for overlay cognitive radio networks. The goal is to maximize the opportunistic secondary user throughput, by limiting the disturbance to primary user activity. Specifically, by assuming that a Poisson birth-death process characterizes the primary user traffic, the sensing-time bounds are imposed by granting enough accuracy to the detection of primary user activity, while the optimum duration for secondary user transmissions is obtained by maximizing analytical expressions for the secondary user average capacity. This paper also clarifies some subtle differences with the existing literature on the subject, which may lead to misleading results. Computer simulations corroborate the proposed theoretical findings.


Recent research evidence has revealed that cancer cells contain a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that can remain even after traditional oncology therapies (e.g.: surgical resection of a tumor, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy (ChT)), and can subsequently regenerate the original tumor or metastases, which are resistant to standard anticancer treatments. Such a resistance can be activated in various CSC populations, via different signal transduction pathways.


As health information expands beyond the traditional paper-based medical record, HIM professionals need to confront the issues related to defining the medical record. The author provides a detailed assessment guide to the redefinition process.


【Objective】To investigate the efficacy of superior laryngeal nerve block combined with fentanil and midazolam for awake transnasal fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation. 【Methods】Forty-five pateints undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ received topical anesthesia and fentanil 0.2 μg/kg and midazolam 60 μg/kg. On top of group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ received cricothyroid membrane puncturion and group Ⅲ received superior laryngeal nerve block. Midazolam 60 μg/kg was given first and 5 min later fentanil 0.2 μg/kg was injected. One minute later, FOB was perfomed. MAP, HR and SpO2 were continuously monitored and recorded before anesthesia (T0), FOB was inserted into nasal or oral cavity (T1), advanced through vocal cords (T2) and endotracheal tube was threaded onto tracheal (T3). Responses like nausea, coughing and restlessness were also recorded. 【Results】MAP and HR were significantly increased at T1, T2 and T3 as compared with T0 at group Ⅰ (P 0.05). At T1 and T2, MAP and HR were significantly increased compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P 0.05). The incidences of restlessness, nausea and coughing were significantly higher in group Ⅰ than in other two groups. Compared to group Ⅱ (P 0.05), the incidences of nausea were lower in group Ⅲ (P 0.05). 【Conclusion】Superior laryngeal nerve block combined with fentanil and midazolam can provide better intubation condition for awake transnasal fiberoptic intubation.


This book is a worthwhile read for those interested in the literature on Islamic education in Africa. The book is significant for two reasons. First, the chapters do not just descriptively present cases, but discuss their cases as a part of broader theoretical considerations. Second, they present a rich diversity of cases. Thus, the book provides the reader comparative field data with which to comprehend the complexity of the issues. It should also be noted that chapters in this book are not equal in terms of their presentation of the cases: some chapters present detailed field notes, others do not.


In cataract surgery, a satisfactory state of anesthesia is essential. The inadequately sedated patient may express his anxiety by restlessness, compulsive chattering, failure to cooperate, coughing, squeezing of the eyelids, and other reactions which increase the risk of operative complications. Surgical intervention on the eye, the most precious of the sense organs, arouses irrational but deep-seated fear. For this reason, most patients and many surgeons prefer general anesthesia. 1 Aside from the desirability of having the patient conscious enough to respond to the surgeon's directions, there are many objections to general anesthesia. It is undesirable in a group which is largely elderly and arteriosclerotic; it involves the risk of heightened intraocular pressure and consequent vitreous loss, 2 as well as the risk of cardiac arrest in the unconscious patient. 3 We have therefore ruled out general anesthesia as a routine practice in cataract extraction. While we managed, in most cases,


This decision-linking research was conducted to obtain an in-depth understanding of the possible factors that are responsible for the slowing down in contraceptive prevalence in Bangladesh. The methodology followed the first two phases of operation research; namely problem identification and analysis and solution development. The findings focused on the five challenges of the family planning program: 1) low contraceptive use among young married women; 2) plateauing of urban contraceptive prevalence; 3) low contraceptive prevalence in Chittagong Division; 4) decline in the relative share of longer-acting methods; and 5) low field worker performance. The results revealed that contraceptive prevalence among women under 25 years is only half compared with those women over 25 years of age. Moreover the contraceptive prevalence is higher in urban (48%) than in rural areas (39%); however over 2.1 million eligible couples in urban areas do not use any family planning method and less than 1.6 million used any modern family planning method. In Chittagong only about 1.5 million eligible couples use any family planning method and only about 1.1 million use any modern family planning method. It was indicated that the Government of Bangladesh should understand the real reasons for the decline in longer-acting methods and take appropriate steps to reverse the declining trend in the acceptance of such methods. Finally field workers home visitations in the rural areas improved between 1989 and 1991 while it declined in urban areas during the same period. The implications of this study for policy-makers were discussed.


A b s t ra c t. we studied agonistic behaviour of male and female house mice from two distant populations (Bohemia and Eastern Turkey) each belonging to a different subspecies (Mr.r ntusculus ntusculus and Mus ntusculus domesticus respectively). Two hundred dyadic interactions in a neutral cage were performed following a balanced design. The effects of sex, population, testing order, and their mutual interactions on the neutral cage behaviour were evaluated. In both populations, male-male interactions were more agonistic than the femalefemale ones. Males from Turkey (M. m. domesticus) were much more agonistic than M. musculus males from Bohemia (M. nt musculu.s). They exhibited considerably more agonistic interactions not only in male-male but also in male-female encounters. Moreover, males from Turkey were regularly the winncrs of both interpopulational and intersexual encounters. Interactions between mice of different populations showed that mice discriminated individuals from the other population as opponents or even sexual partners, however, females spent more time sniffing males belonging to their own population.


The utility model discloses an electric leakage protection device of a guard ground system, which is composed of a main control module, a zero sequence current transformer, a signal processing circuit, an A/D converting module, a circuit temperature measuring module, a fire detecting module, a fire fighting linkage module, a multiplex selected action executing module, a main power, a leakage protector, an LCD display module and a keyboard module. The electric leakage protection device has the advantages of accurately judging the leakage current amplitude and phase, monitoring the circuit temperature in real time, preventing the fire, performing fire fighting linkage, and accurately processing the failure circuit according to the actual conditions.


In Sweden, it is common that contractors propose variations to the design. Also, in traditional general contracts it is customary that contractors are entitled to replace products specified in the tendering documents with "equivalent" ones. In this paper, factors influencing the conditions for arriving at a constructive and value-adding dialog in such situations are discussed. The theoretical framework used is theory of intuitive fairness judgements and cognitive information-processing biases. The empirical basis is a qualitative case study of client-contractor interaction in a building project. It is argued that a "fairness constraint" sets the rules for interaction. To challenge and reject the contractor's proposals without running the risk of being perceived as a harmdoer, the client must present arguments and justifications that will be accepted by the contractor. Principal driving forces and dispositions that affect the client, the design team members and the contractor in negotiations of contractor variations are identified. These biases are found to be important in two ways: because of their effect on individual information-seeking and decision-making, and because of their effect on the perceived legitimacy of the participants. The latter aspect has implications for the conditions for communication and joint decision-making.


Open access (OA) journals have emerged in the past two decades and have influenced scholarly publications to a great extent, contributing to the benefits of OA publishing. The research focuses on the evolving trends of OA and the measures required to address the issue of exponentially growing predatory publishing. The study concludes the research by proposing measures for the scholarly world to address predatory publishing globally. The scope of the research is qualitative, discussing the fair publishing practices and implications of Plan S and open peer review. In the methodology, the study reviews the wealth of published literature in the discipline to decide the variables and impact on the dependent variable.


Thermal effect is a crucial factor leading to failure of gear system. However, the lack of comprehensive nonlinear dynamics model limits the further study of thermal effects. The constitutive relation of beam element considering steady-state temperature is reconstructed, and thermal node load is formulated. Considering the influences of thermal expansion and temperature on material properties, a more comprehensive dynamic model of gear-rotor-bearing system is established based on the finite element node method. Nonlinear friction, high-speed gyroscopic effect, thermal-related time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS) and thermal backlash are included in the model. The effects of temperature and bearing type on the vibration response of gear system are analyzed. The results show that the system motion changes from period to chaos with the temperature increase in part of the speed range. The appropriate backlash could restrain the chaotic motion caused by temperature rise. Moreover, the temperature significantly increases the axial bearing force, and the appropriate bearing could reduce the axial displacement. This research can further understand the influence of temperature on the dynamic response of gear system and guide the design of gear system.


From the metaphor and metaphorical design sets out,it analyzed in a graphical user interface,metaphor was to convey emotion guidance operation and two main characteristics.Focus on the user interface design of the three methods of metaphor,it finally elaborated the metaphorical design should pay attention to three issues.The conclusion that metaphor in user interface design important function,also is presented in a user interface design time metaphor is not must design,user interface design should be based on the user.


Tube butt welds in boilers were not subject to 100 percent inspection, and leakages at them were confirmed as a significant cause of boiler outage. Consequently, it was concluded that it would be feasible to inspect a complete weld with a circumferential array of angle probes--the bracelet probe device. Three regional laboratories had particular requirements and a full description of the devices developed to meet these is given. Also the extensive advantages offered by the bracelet probe device are listed.


The activity of the international Islamic organization "Hizbut-Tahrir" on the territory of the Volga region at the end of XX the beginning of the XXI century is considered. From 1990th members of the party appeared in the Russian Volga region. Generally they were natives of the Central Asia the Uzbeks and the Tajiks. Later among the activists of the party there were many locals the Tatars, the Bashkirs and the Russians. The followers of "Hizbut-Tahrir" were concentrated mainly in the large cities. In 2003 "Hizbut-Tahrir" was recognized as a terrorist organization in Russia. Since that time the activity of the organization began to draw close attention of special services on the territory of the Volga region. The detentions of the party members have started in the Volga region. The question of radicalism of the members of "Hizbut-Tahrir" is still open. Many experts disagree that this current is extremist and in some countries it works officially. Nevertheless, it is typical for the Hizbut-Tahrir to appeal to the extreme categoriality, disobedience to secular laws and orientation to creation of the world Islamic caliphate. "Hizbut-Tahrir" organization, claiming non-violence and peaceful appeal to Islam, actually is one of the covers for propaganda of the radical forms of Islam.


Science is not immune to the grasp of communication. Scientists neither. Communication, in the sense of transmission, is the very essence of science. "Do I need to say that in science, explained Lacan, in contrast to magic and religion, knowledge is communicated". In other words, it is the responsibility of scientists to make known and share the results of their work and their discoveries with the general public, especially since science, on the one hand, is everywhere in our daily lives. New...


Impedance (Z), and phase angle (θ) of a parallel-plate capacitor with a single cherry fruit between the plates were measured using a CI meter (Chari's Impedance meter), at 1 and 9 MHz. Capacitance C was derived from Z and θ, and by using the C, θ, and Z values of a set of cherries whose moisture content (MC) values were later determined by the hot air-oven method, a calibration equation was developed. Using this equation, and their measured C, θ, and Z values, the MC of a group of cherries, not used in the calibration, was predicted. The predicted values were compared with their vacuum-oven values. The method worked well with an R2 value of 0.98 and a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 1.24, in the measured moisture range between 5% and 20%.


Capture the design and elements of these layers. Each layer corresponds to an alternative connection type between hubs in the normal world and requires tracking down communities in multidimensional networks. Most community disclosure approaches for multidimensional networks, then again, may ignore the transaction between layers or a layer's unmistakable topological construction. Moreover, most of them are just equipped for distinguishing nonoverlapping communities. In this exploration, we offer another multidimensional network community disclosure strategy that exploits the connection among layers and the extraordinary geography of each layer to track down overlapping communities. First, use an overall assessment of edge behavior within and between layers to calculate the similarity of edges from similar layers and cross layers. You can then use these similarities to build a dendrogram of a multidimensional network that takes into account both characteristic topology structures and basic transactions. Finally, you can remove the overlapping communities in these layers by splitting the dendrogram and adding another community thickness metric for the multidimensional network. We show that our strategy is precise in recognizing overlapping communities in multidimensional networks by applying it to both manufactured and genuine world datasets. In chart and enormous information examination, community detection is a commonplace issue. It involves finding groups of firmly associated hubs with little associations with hubs outside the bunch. Distinguishing communities in huge scope networks, specifically, is a basic errand in numerous logical fields. In the writing, community detection techniques have been demonstrated to be wasteful, bringing about the improvement of communities with uproarious communications. To defeat this requirement, a framework that decides the best community among multifaceted networks in light of important determination standards and substance dimensionality should be created, eliminating loud communications in a continuous setting. Our outcomes likewise show that it is vital to utilize integral measurements to assess the exhibition of overlapping community detection calculations. Performance metrics, such as the NMI or the Omega Index, only measure the overall quality of a detected cover, whereas complementary metrics give us more information about the behavior of each algorithm in detecting overlapping communities. Finally, while some algorithms perform well on synthetic networks, none of the algorithms can detect the community structure in real networks. This is due to the detected communities of the algorithms being substantially different from the communities defined by the meta-data.


In an increasingly competitive industry, tourism managers are faced with the necessity of estimating future values of demand in the short term despite the limitations of scarcity, volatility and uncertainty. A convenient and flexible approach such as judgemental forecasting holds promise in addressing the major issues in the field of tourism demand forecasting. This paper presents an innovative approach, which uses the opportunities offered by decision support systems to tackle the main issues associated with judgemental forecasting. A forecasting system that supports collaborative short-term forecasting tasks among tourism managers is offered as a case example.


general appearance indicated quite definite -increase in calcium content throughout the whole involved section of the bone. At the present time the patient is in good health, free from pain, and is carrying on her usual household duties. Films were taken of the patient's lungs on November 15, 1932, and these show the lungs entirely free from metastases. In a previous article* four cases of bone tumours treated with the colloidal solutioln were reported, and of these patient 1 and patient 4 are living. Patient 1 has been a student at a university during the last year.


We present a complete microscopic Fermi-liquid description for next-to-leading order transport through an Anderson impurity under a finite bias voltage V . It is applicable to multilevel quantum dots without particle-hole or time-reversal symmetry, and is constructed based on the nonequilibrium Keldysh formalism, taking into account the current conservation between electrons in the impurity levels and the conduction bands. Specifically, we derive the formula for the current noise generated in the steady flow up to terms of order (eV ) at zero temperature T = 0. To this end, we calculate the Keldysh vertex functions Γ1234 σσ′;σ′σ (ω, ω ′;ω′, ω), which depend on branches ν1, ν2, ν3 and ν4 of the time-loop contour and on spin degrees of freedom σ and σ′, up to linear-order terms with respect to eV , T , and frequencies ω and ω′. The coefficients of these linear-order terms are determined by a set of the parameters, defined with respect to the equilibrium ground state: the phase shift, static susceptibilities, and nonlinear three-body susceptibilities of the impurity electrons. The low-energy expressions of the vertex components are shown to satisfy the Ward identities with the Keldysh Green's functions expanded up to terms of order ω, (eV ), and T . We also find that the imaginary part of the Ward identities can be described in terms of the eV -dependent collision integrals for a single-quasiparticle excitation and that for a single quasiparticle-quasihole pair excitation. These collision integrals ensure the current conservation of the next-to-leading order Fermi-liquid transport due to the quasiparticles with a finite damping rate.


Introduction

Why multilingualism and the Internet should be an interesting and important topic at the present time (2011) has a great deal to do with globalization.

Keywords:

computer mediated communication;
globalization;
sociolinguistics;
multilingualism


The way in which investigations is conducted in China is quite different from that practiced in western countries.Any mandatory measures can be freely adopted by relevant investigative organs while the suspect is not entitled to seek judicial protection from the court.The mode of internal supervision of investigations in China makes it possible for the abuse of power.It is imperative to strengthen the judicial regulation of investigations so as to guard against the abuse of state power by investigation personnel as well as the violation of citizen's lawful rights.


Memory-based recommender systems with m users and n items typically require O(mn) space to store the rating information. In item-based collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms, the feature vector of each item has length m,and it takes O(m) time to compute the similarity between two items using the Pearson or cosine distances. In this paper, we propose an efficient CF algorithm based on a new measure called the M-distance, which is defined as the difference between the average ratings of two items. In the initialization stage, we compute the average ratings of items and store them in two vectors, which requires O(m) space. Scanning the rating dataset then takes O(mn) time. In the online prediction stage, a threshold δ is employed to identify similar items. To predictp ratings, our algorithm requires O(np) time compared with the O(mnp) time of the cosine-based kNN algorithm. Experiments are undertaken on four well-known datasets, and the proposed M-distance is compared with the cosine-based kNN, Pearson-based kNN, and Slope One methods. Our results show that the new algorithm is significantly faster than the conventional techniques, especially for large datasets, and that its prediction ability is no worse in terms of the mean absolute error and root mean square error.


An optical system (100) comprises a coherent light source (101) and optical elements for directing light from the source to a target (1001). The optical elements include at least one diffusing element (141, 161) arranged to reduce a coherence volume of light from the source and a variable optical property element (151). A control system (1021) controls the variable optical property element such that different speckle patterns are formed over time at the target (1001) with a temporal frequency greater than a temporal resolution of an illumination sensor or an eye (1011) of an observer so that speckle contrast ratio in the observed illumination is reduced. The variable optical property element (151) may be a deformable mirror with a vibrating thin plate or film.


The cellulose diacetate (CA) was blended with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to prepare a novel adsorptive microfiltration membrane,which can be used to remove Cu~(2+) from aqueous solution with PEI as a metalchelating ligand.The effects of adsorption time and pH value on the Cu~(2+) adsorption capacity were investigated.The isotherm showed that the adsorption of Cu~(2+) on the membranes was consistent with Langmuir adsorption model.The maximum adsorption capacity mainly depended on the content of PEI in the membrane.


Objective To investigate expression of extracelluar signal regulated protein kinase(ERK)and phosphorylation ERK(p-ERK)in the temporal lobe from patients with DR-TLE so as to explore the possible roles of ERK in the pathogenesis of DR-TLE.Methods Expression of ERK was detected with Western blot and immunohistochemistry in 32 patients with DR-TLE(24 temporal lobe,8 hippocampi),as compared with 12 controls(9 temporal lobe,3 hippocampi).Results ERK and p-ERK expression in DR-TLE was significantly higher(0.2266±0.0613,0.2097±0.0183 and 0.1924±0.0054,respectively)than those of controls(0.1840±0.0023,0.1974±0.0056 and 0.1825±0.0063,respectively,all P0.05).ERK and p-ERK were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neuron and glial.The results of Western blot were well concordant with immunohistochemistry data.Conclusions The expression of ERK in epilepsy patients was distinct from those of control brain samples.A pathogenetic role of ERK in DR-TLE might be included.


Since the beginning of liberal pluralist politics in 1950, Turkey has experienced three military coups in 1960, 1971, and 1980. Of these military incursions the ones in 1960 and 1980 were the most serious in scope. Each time the armed forces remained in power for a short time, 1960–1961 and 1980–1983, and completely revised the existing constitutional framework. These were unlike the 1971 intervention which did not result in a complete revision of the political system, but only in an amendment of the constitution to provide the state with more powers in dealing with domestic violence. In this respect, the 1960 coup marks the end of the First Republic. The subsequent period, 1961–1980 is the Second Republic.


The statolith samples of Dosidicus gigas were collected by Chinese squid fishing vessels in the high sea waters off Chile from January to June 2007 and Janurary to May 2008.The statolith morphological parameters of 503 individuals(348 for females and 155 for males) were measured,and the statolith growth characteristics were studied combined with the age data.The results showed that the total statolith length(TSL),statolith radius(SR),rostrum lateral dome length(RLL),wing length(WL) and the maximum width(MW) were considered as the feature parameters of squid statolith.The growth of main parameters of statolith between male and female individuals were significantly different.For female squid,the relationship between TSL and age was the best for the exponential function,SR-age and RLL-age followed the power function,MW-age and WL-age were described by the linear function.While for the male squid,the relationships of TSL-age,SR-age and RLL-age were described by the power function,MW-age and WL-age were linear function.For female squid,the relative growth rates of TSL,SR,MW,RLL and WL,and the absolute growth rate of SR and RLL increased with age firstly and then decreased.The absolute growth rates of TSL and MW increased with age,and the absolute growth rate of WL fluctuated with increase of age.While for the male squid,the relative growth rate of TSL and SR,and the absolute growth rates of MW,RLL and WL increased with age firstly and then decreased,the relative growth rates of MW,RLL and WL,and absolute growth rate of TSL and SR fluctuated with age.The results suggested that the statolith growth of Dosidicus gigas had the sexual differences and the growth rate of males was larger than that of males in general.


Abstract Along with the popularity of online shopping, the cash-back industry is witnessing dramatic development. Under this backdrop, retailers who sell products with network externalities make different decisions about affiliating with cash-back sites. In this paper, we set up a cash-back model considering network externalities. Our goal is to identify the condition under which it is profitable for retailers whose products exhibit network externalities to affiliate with a cash-back site and to find out the driving force of the profitability. We find that only when there are more low-type consumers than high-type consumers and the degree of network externalities is lower than a certain threshold is it profitable for such a retailer to affiliate with an independent cash-back site, because the cash-back rate is decreasing in the intensity of network externality. It is the price discriminative effect instead of the promotive effect that makes it profitable. We show that the double-marginalization problem between the retailer and an independent cash-back site leads to the cash-back paradox where all consumers pay more for the product in the presence of a cash-back channel. We also show that when the retailer affiliates with two cash-back sites, each site has the incentive to lower the cash-back rate to take advantage of network externalities, which makes the cash-back paradox more likely to happen and makes it less likely for a retailer to benefit from cash-back channels. Furthermore, we suggest the retailer establish his own cash-back channel. Our work provides implications for retailers as well as for cash-back sites and consumers.


Two species/strains of Steinernema and two of Heterorhabditis were studied for use as biological control agents against the cabbage maggot, Delia radicum. The NC162 strain of Heterorhabditis sp. was the most virulent against istand 2nd-instar D. radicum. The egg shells and puparia of D. radicum were impenetrable to these nematodes. The newly-hatched maggots did not appear to be infected by the nematodes before they entered a host plant; the maggots entered the upper root of radish in less than 6 h, during which time only 11 out of 200 maggots were killed; and within 24 and 48 h, only 18% and 71% respectively of the maggots were killed by NC162 in Petri dishes. NC162 was more effective than T327 against 3rd-instar maggots. Carbon dioxide treatment of 3rd-instar maggots for 8 h pacified the maggots so that NC162 killed them within 12 h at doses of 5,000 and 500 nematodes per dish. Adult flies of D. radicum, especially untanned ones, were susceptible to NC162. In the field, NC162 reduced the population of D. radicum, and its damage in radishes. A similar experiment on kohlrabi was inconclusive. The behavior of T327 and NC162 in the presence of D. radicum and its host plants was investigated on thin Bacto Agar in Petri dishes. Newly-formed puparia and frozen dead maggots were attractive to both strains. Two-month-old T327 reached the insect targets within 15 min. But newly-harvested T327 did not respond to the insect targets whereas those of NC162 did. When both strains had been stored for 2 months, T327 responded faster and more reached the targets of four larval D. radicum than did NC162. There were no significant differences between larval P. radicum and Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) in their ability to attract T327. Generally, there was a tendency for a greater number of insects to attract more nematodes. Germinated seeds of radishes and the roots of ball cabbage and radishes, were attractive to T327, but rutabaga roots neither attracted nor repelled the nematodes. The possible factors responsible for attracting the nematodes to these insects and plants are


The encapsulation of Altretamine (ALT) and Thiotepa (THI) as neurotoxic anticancer drugs in Cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) family of macrocycles (n=7,8) have been investigated and their potential in drug delivery, ability to provide physical and chemical stability, improving water solubility and decreasing the side effects have been studied using density functional theory (DFT) approach with B3LYP and the dispersion corrected functional WB97XD methods by employing the 3-21G* basis set. All the calculations were evaluated for gas phase and water as a pharmaceutical and biological solvent according to the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The non-covalent inter-molecular interactions between the host and guest parts were visualized using reduced density gradient analysis. The molecular characteristics for drugs, CB[n] and their complexes calculated and the global and local descriptors were employed to study the chemical stability of the host–guest complexes. The results show that the encapsulation of THI and ALT for both CB[7] and CB[8] energetically favorable and this can decrease the central nervous system (CNS) neurotoxicity, and increase the stability of THI in electrophilic and nucleophilic. Beside the CNS neurotoxicity reduction and increasing the stability in electrophilic and nucleophilic attacks, the solubility in water for ALT was improved.


In this paper fault tolerant control is performed to counterbalance actuators faults in wind turbines using model predictive control (MPC). Laguerre and Kautz MPC parameterizations are used in order to improve the numerical conditioning of the MPC optimization problem. The formulation of Laguerre and Kautz MPC for fault compensation is developed. Faults in the actuators of the blade pitch angle are considered. A step of fault detection and estimation is first done. As pitch fault is due to a change in the dynamics, it is estimated using a Kalman-like observer. Then, MPC compensator is employed to calculate the input that minimizes the difference between the defected sensor (for which the model is estimated using the observer) and the nominal situation (without fault). The implementation of the combined estimation and Laguerre/Kautz MPC compensator are found to offer a good online estimation and compensation of the fault under realistic fault scenarios in the wind turbine benchmark.


This study evidences online talk is not just noise but provides information relate to stock return, volatility and volume. We extend previous online message board studies by using a new data source—Thelion.com—a chat-room-like message board. Our research sample is defined as the most discussed stocks among posters on trading days. We also demarcate our sample into with-news and without-news groups based on Ravenpack news database. First, we find that online investors prefer talking small cap, low institution holdings and thin floating shares stocks. Second, online traders' sentiment, not messages posting, associates with higher intraday stock return but oppositely predicts next day return when no news arrived. Third, as not reported in previous studies, online traders' absolute sentiment well explain intraday and subsequent day's volatility and volume.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of macroeconomic variables on stock returns in the financial sector in Indonesia. The indicators of macroeconomic variables studied were world gold price, exchange rates, inflation, an economic growth. This study uses secondary time series data from 2005 first quarter to fourth quarter 2019. The research data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis and Error Correction Model (ECM). The result oh this study indicate that : (1) the world gold price has a negative effect on the stock return of the financial sector in Indonesia; (2) the exchange rate has a negative effect on the stock return of the finacial sector in Indonesia; (3) inflation has a negative effect on stock return for the financial sector in Indonesia; (4) economic growth has a negative effect on the stock return of the finacial sector in Indonesia.


An environmentally-friendly mineral water bottle vase consists of an outer cover and a mineral water bottle, wherein a flower insertion opening is arranged at the top of the outer cover, and a bottleneck of the mineral water bottle is connected with the lower end of the flower insertion opening. The outer cover is made of an aluminum alloy material and is in a hollow cylinder shape, and a cutting part reducing the amount of metal is arranged on the side surface. The inner diameter of the lower end of the flower insertion opening is equal to the outer diameter of the bottleneck of the mineral water bottle. By using the vase provided by the utility model, a fresh flower can be inserted into the mineral water bottle through the flower insertion opening, so that the amount of metal used is reduced, the weight is reduced, the transportation and the use are facilitated, simple manufacture and low cost are realized, and excellent promotion value and the significance of environmental protection are achieved.


collection. Rediscovering Dodds sits just in between the stools of history of scholarship, of ideas, biography and memoir. One recommendation I have for students wishing to read this is to have Wikipedia, Google or some other reference machine at the ready. In the process of rediscovering Dodds, readers come across a barrage of names of long forgotten people, clubs, societies, artistic and political groupings, publications, institutes, traditions and events that were once common currency, but are no more. The publisher could have included a glossary of proper nouns, or three-word explanations in the text, to satisfy basic reader curiosity. It is a most perturbing side-effect of rediscovering Dodds that one has to note, in passing, the oblivion of many others – it is a sobering reminder that, sooner than we think, we will once again be nothing.


Abstract : We describe an instrumentation of TCP/IP that monitors TCP connections and provides values of internal variables of the implementation. We define interface events for a TCP/IP connection, describes how traces are obtained, and how application processes initiate trace collection. The instrumentation has been implemented in 4.3BSD UNIX. The instrumented TCP/IP provides a flexible environment for experimental studies. Using the instrumentation, we have studied the performance of different roundtrip-time estimators in the Internet environment. One conclusion of our study is that clock resolution is an important parameter, and the resolution currently used in UNIX implementations of TCP is woefully inadequate. Another conclusion is that, with an adequate clock resolution, a recently proposed estimator performs substantially better than the estimator suggested in the TCP specifications. Keywords: TCP(Transmission Control Protocol), Information transfer, Computer networks.


Introduction Power electronics circuits are usually quite simple in form. but their design and implementation requires wide and sophisticated knowledge. which must be continually updated as the technology improves. Power electronics engineers must be expert in many areas such as thermal domain. circuit and system packaging and circuit protection. Therefore it is usually not possible for the design engineer to come up with an optimum circuit and a right device.


In 1982, Ni [14] presented a result on imbeddings of Sobolev spaces of radially symmetric functions defined in BN ⊂ R , the open unit ball centered at zero in R , N ≥ 3, into weighted Lebesgue spaces. Ni observed that the possible singular behavior at zero of a function u ∈ H 0,rad(BN ) can be uniformly controlled. As a consequence, for α > 0, he proved that H 0,rad(BN ) can be imbedded in L(BN , |x|) with p greater than the critical Sobolev exponent 2∗ := 2N N−2 , namely up to p = 2α := 2(N+α) N−2 . Similar imbeddings of H 1 rad(BN ) and H 2 0,rad(BN ) in weighted Lebesgue spaces were obtained in [10] and [7], respectively. However, it was in [11, Theorem 1.1] that this type of imbeddings was completely settled. Namely, for N > mp and α ≥ 0,


When Albert Camus wrote his novel The Plague (La Peste) in the midst of World War II, he had no idea that this story, most often viewed as an allegory of the Nazi occupation, would eerily correlate decades later with events surrounding the emergence of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Camus' tale chronicles events in the obscure Algerian costal town of Oran, which is stricken by the plague. The citizens of Oran "work hard, but solely with the object of getting rich. Their chief interest is in commerce, and their chief aim in life is, as they call it, 'doing business.' "1 The first ominous sign of events to unfold in Oran appears in the form of dying rats. The rats begin "coming out" and dying in the streets. At first, it is just a few scattered ones that are found dead and not much notice is taken. Soon the rats are found dead throughout the town in groups of twos or threes. The residents think it odd, but pay scant attention even while the situation worsens with each passing day. Eventually thousands of bloated carcasses with blood-stained muzzles are being found lining the gutters each morning. Now the citizens of Oran are finally alarmed. The central character in The Plague, Dr. Rieux, comments that "There have been as many plagues as wars in history, yet always plagues and wars take people equally by surprise."1 This was never more true than with the AIDS epidemic. In the decades following World War II, Americans were not unlike those citizens of Oran. We felt safe from the epic pestilences that had afflicted populations in the past, our businesses thrived, and the nation was prosperous. Then, almost imperceptibly, people began falling ill from rarely seen disorders. Initially it was just a few, isolated gay men with an assortment of unusual afflictions such as Karposi's sarcoma, toxoplasmosis, and pneumocystosis. Just as in the fictional city of Oran, by the time our citizens were willing to acknowledge the modern plague of AIDS, it was too late to save thousands who were already infected. In Oran the rats eventually stop dying. About this same time, however, the concierge in Dr. Rieux's building falls seriously ill with pains in his neck, armpits, and groin; a raging fever; bulging ganglia; and two black patches on his thighs. He complains that his insides feel "like fire." He becomes the first victim of an unseen illness that eventually overtakes the town. Other doctors in Oran begin encountering patients with similar symptoms, and soon patients start dying. The dying rats had (eventually) made headlines in the press, but the first ganglia deaths are not even mentioned. As more patients fall ill and die, Dr. Rieux finally accepts the frightening notion that his town has been stricken with the plague. Dr. Rieux insists that precautionary measures must be implemented immediately, so a health committee is convened in the prefect's office. The head of the local medical society warns against taking an alarmist view, against jumping to premature conclusions. Dr. Rieux protests: "Judging by the rapidity with which The Medicine Through the Arts feature is intended as a forum for presentation and discussion of the arts as they relate to medicine, however broadly construed. Appropriate submissions include photographs of paintings or other artwork related to illness or the practice of medicine, with accompanying descriptions, as well as poems, short stories, and other literary forms.


The degree distance of a graph is a graph invariant that is more sensitive than the Wiener index. In this paper, we calculate the vertex degree distances of one vertex union of the cycle and the star, and the degree distance of one vertex union of the cycle and the star. These results lay a foundation for further study on the extremal values of the vertex degree distances, and the distribution of the vertices with the extremal values in one vertex union of the cycle and the star.


Heat exchangers based on elliptical cylinder tube bank are widely used in industrial field.A convenient yet reasonable approach,a free surface model,is employed to model the fluid flow and heat transfer processes across the elliptical cylinder tube bank.The equations governing the momentum and heat transports on the irregular channel are solved by using a body-fitted coordinate transform method.The fundamental data such as friction factor and Nusselt number under uniform temperature condition are obtained.The friction factor and Nusselt number are validated by the values in the literature.The error of comparison between literature and simulation is within 3.5%.The effects of the flowing direction,shape of the elliptical cylinder cross-section,structural parameters of the tube bank and the wall boundary conditions on the fluid flow and heat transfer are investigated.The friction factor and Nusselt number are obtained under uniform temperature and heat flux condition.These fundamental data are useful for the future design and structural optimum of the elliptical cylinder tube bank.


Abstract Objectives: To examine the change in uptake of interventions to reduce transmission of HIV from mothers to infants from January 1994 to July 1997. Design: Review of mother-infant pairs who presented for infant diagnosis of HIV infection. Setting: Central London hospital with facilities for diagnosis of infant HIV infection. Subjects: 57 consecutive mother-infant pairs, mainly from central London but also referred from surrounding hospitals. Interventions: Data were collected on mother's country of origin; CD4 count at delivery; plasma HIV RNA copies/ml; mode of delivery; antiretroviral therapy; infant feeding; and HIV infection in infants. Main outcome measures: HIV infection of infants. Results: The vertical transmission rate was 12% (7 pairs; 95% confidence interval 3% to 22%). All mothers chose not to breast feed. The caesarean section rate was 53% (30/57). Antiretroviral therapy was taken by 68.5% (39/57) of mother-infant pairs. With antiretroviral therapy or caesarean section, or both, transmission occurred in 6% (0% to 13%) of pairs (3/50). During the 24 months of 1994 and 1995, 21% (4/19) of infants were infected with HIV; 7.9% (3/38) were infected over the 19 months January 1996 to July 1997. The caesarean section rate did not change over these periods. Use of antiretroviral therapy increased from 31.5% (6/19) to 86.8% (33/38) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Women with a diagnosis of HIV infection acted to reduce the risk of transmission to their infants. Uptake of antiretroviral therapy increased significantly over time, and the caesarean section rate was persistently high. Key messages In this London cohort, pregnant women who knew they had HIV all acted to reduce vertical transmission No mothers breast fed, and about half chose to have a caesarean section Mothers' use of antiretroviral therapy increased from 32% in 1994–5 to 87% in 1996-7 With antiretroviral therapy or caesarean section, or both, vertical transmission occurred in 6% of mother-infant pairs Improving uptake of antenatal testing for HIV continues to be important


Since Li Hongxing raised Hyper-ring in 1991,we have solved neither non-trivial hyper-ring nor any ring only existing trivial hyper-ring for several years.Ref.[2] proved the existence of hyper-ring.Therefore it is useful to study the upgrade from ring to hyper-set.This paper raises the concept of Fuzzy Hyper-ring,constructs a serious of lemma and proves the structure of uniform Fuzzy Hyper-ring and regular Fuzzy Hyper-ring.


The ambiguity of KO ISS has been much discussed in the literature (see, e.g., works cited above). But it is yet to receive a satisfactory treatment on both empirical and theoretical grounds. It poses a challenge to Lee (2008), for instance: Lee claims that the imperfective marker always selects for a VP that takes an actor subject. As illustrated by (3), however, it is compatible with a sentence in which the subject nominal is not an actor; a snowman cannot put clothes on itself, at least in the world in which we live. So it has to be a passive recipient of an action.


AN ANALYTIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION OF LUBRICANT OIL VISCOUS DAMPING COEFFICIENTS COMPARATION USING DAMPED VIBRATION SYSTEM ON A CANTILEVER BEAM By


Easy Riders, Raging Bulls: How the Sex-Drugs-and-Rock'n'Roll Generation Saved Hollywood. Peter Biskind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998. By the late 1960s, Hollywood appeared to be at the end of its reel. The major studios, still mired in the big-budget mentality that was a reaction to the threat of television a decade earlier, were gambling more and more money on bigger and bigger productions-- many of which, failing to connect with a changing movie audience, flopped miserably. At the same time, attendance in general was sliding; by 1967, average weekly movie attendance had dwindled to below half of early-1960s levels. Into that creative and commercial malaise leapt a new breed of filmmaker. The startling success of Easy Rider ( 1969), following 1967's surprise hits The Graduate and Bonnie and Clyde, showed Hollywood's old guard that, although they had lost touch with their audience, there were some filmmakers who hadn't. Young, brash, and talented, with imaginations stoked by film school training, a liberated lifestyle, and, above all, a passion for movie making, the New Hollywood was welcomed in by the old Hollywood, whose leaders, though bewildered by the new breed's unconventional ways, were smart enough to let the kids take a shot at saving their industry. And, as film writer Peter Biskind painstakingly notes in Easy Riders, Raging Bulls, they did save it, and even, for a time, ran the place. But not for long. Biskind also shows that the new generation, which ushered in one of the most creative periods in the history of filmmaking, was unable to hold onto what it had conquered. Instead of consolidating their grip on Hollywood, many of the newbreed filmmakers-including Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, William Friedkin, Paul Schrader, and Hal Ashby-frittered away their talents and power on binges of drugs, sex and egotistical extravagances, reducing many by the early 1980s to filmmakers-for-hire. Starting with the last days of the old studio system and continuing into the last days of the 1970s, Biskind chronicles the New Hollywood's emergence, rise, and ultimate collapse. Given the keys to the old generation's kingdom, Biskind shows, the next generation, in a line from Easy Rider that is often repeated in the book, the new generation "blew it." Biskind, whose terrific book on the themes of '50s film (Seeing Is Believing: How Hollywood Taught Us to Stop Worrying and Love the Fifties) focuses on the movies' content to make its arguments, goes right to the source with Easy Riders, Raging Bulls. Or rather, he goes to the sources: Biskind, former executive editor of Premiere and former editor in chief of American Film, interviewed scores of filmmakers and denizens of the world of movies from the 1960s and 1970s, from Robert Altman to Frank Yablans. Over a five-year period, Biskind talked extensively with nearly every major actor, director, producer, studio executive and other creative talent who played a key role in Hollywood during the period from Bonnie and Clyde to Raging Bull (1980), and their remarks are almost alarmingly candid-not just about their contemporaries, but about themselves. …


The cause producing noise in synchronous motor was analyzed firstly. Then based on design example, the measures suppressing noise in synchronous motor were expounded from three aspects of electromagnetic noise, aerodynamic noise, radiation and spread of noise. At last, the detection value of motor noise was given out.


The rules of evolution applied in the cellular automata approach may correspond to the propagation of the mad cow disease. In a computer simulation of the BSE disease's spread both inherited and infectious mechanisms are accounted for. The initial population of items is randomly distributed on a two-dimensional square lattice, Nx×Ny =1000×1000, with a fraction of 1 percent the items already infected. Alternatively, faulty prions may spontaneously develop during the simulation with a very small frequency. Our results indicate a critical probability, pc, of BSE transmission, so that for p below the threshold the population recovers. For p > pc the disease is launched in the population with a dynamic equilibrium between the healthy and infected fractions of the population. The threshold is very sensitive to spatial clustering of the population and the detailed rules for the disease's onset, evolution and propagation.


With an aim at m kinds of risk assets and a kind of non-risk assets, a combined model including the multi-factor assets of non-risk assets is established,and also,the existance and performances os its solution to the model are proved. The simulation results indicate that this model is superior to the average value-variance model,and that under the given conditions,the non-system risk of assets combination with non-risk assets can reach the minimum. Accordingly,this model is closer to the reality with practical significance.


Equilibria and kinetics for the axial substitution reaction of pyridine and substituted pyridines (L) coordinated to chloro(5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinato)chromium(III) [Cr(tpp)(Cl)] by 1-methylimidazole as an entering ligand in toluene have been studied spectrophotometrically. Equilibrium constants, rate constants, and activation parameters for the substitution of L from the six-coordinated [Cr(tpp)(Cl)(L)] complex have been obtained. It has been demonstrated that equilibrium constants of the substitution reaction depend on the basicity of the axial ligands and that a good linear relationship between the activation parameters and the basicity of L is in accord with the reaction mechanism with a limiting dissociative activation mode.


The proceedings of the Fourth Canadian Conference on Health Economics, U. of Toronto, 1990, consider a wide range of fundamental issues related to health care policies and structures. They discuss new developments in health care delivery, assess implications of such new policies as home care and hea


Approximately half of patients with stiff person syndrome experienced dyspnea due to the involvement of the respiratory muscles. If these muscles are severely affected, respiratory failure can occur. Here, we describe a patient with stiff person syndrome whose nighttime dyspnea was successfully controlled by noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV). A 38-year-old female patient visited the emergency room due to nighttime dyspnea. Her O2 saturation was 93%, and PaCO2 increased to 53.4 mmHg on arterial blood gas analysis. No specific lesion was found on the chest radiograph. We considered that her dyspnea was caused by respiratory muscle stiffness following SPS. For the management of nighttime hypercapnia, we applied NIPPV with volume-targeted assist-control ventilation mode using an oronasal mask interface during sleep. After such treatment, PaCO2 was normalized, and nighttime dyspnea disappeared. We think that NIPPV would be a useful therapeutic option for managing dyspnea induced by stiff person syndrome.


[Objective]The purpose was to provide reference for researching the generation mechanism of disease-resistance of host plant induced with K2HPO4.[Method]The tobacco plants was treated with 10,20,30,40 and 50 mmol/L K2HPO4 for 1,3,5,7 and 9 d,then they were inoculated with brown-spot pathogen for studying the occurrence of brown-spot disease in tobacco in different treatments.[Result]After the tobacco plants were induced with 10-50 mmol/L K2HPO4,the disease indexes of brown-spot disease in tobacco were 8.27,4.54,5.38,5.76 and 7.01 resp.and the induced disease-resistant effects of the 5 treatments 33.47%,63.48%,56.72%,53.66% and 43.60% resp.Inoculation after induction treatment with K2HPO4 for 1 d could make tobacco generate resistance and the induced disease-resistant effect of inoculation after induction treatment for 3 d was best,being up to 62.92%.The resistance of tobacco against brown-spot disease induced with K2HPO4 was systematic.[Conclusion]K2HPO4 could effectively induce tobacco to generate resistance against brown-spot disease and its optimum use concn.was 20 mmol/L.


This paper was prepared at the request of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP) of the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It addresses such issues as the costs of carbon emissions (or their reduction) and their implications for project appraisal; the appropriate discount rate to be used in comparing costs, bearing in mind intergenerational concerns as well as cost-effectiveness; cost estimates of the benefits of innovation, particularly the contribution of investment towards reducing the cost of future investments when cost curves, as a function of investment, are steep; the role of projects where national economic benefits outweigh national costs relative to projects which are not cost-effective from a national standpoint but provide global environmental benefits; and the possibilities of reducing transaction costs in certain GEF projects with economic potential.


Figures 1 and 2 show orbital swellings which might cause confusion when encountered in a busy district clinic, In a series of five cases seen in our hospital (3 female, 2 male; age range 1-3 years) all presented with swelling around the nasal bridge since birth. The medial canthus of the eye was involved in two cases (Figures 1 and 2). One of the latter had excessive watering from eye and the other recurrent swelling of the lower eyelid. The average diameter of the swelling was 3 em. A cough impulse was present in all. Transillumination was positive in only one. None had neurological symptoms.


Study by the typical forest type-Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr and Betula spp.mixed fores-in Weichang of Hebei,and by using the uniform angle index,neighborhood comparison,mingling degree and point pattern analysis,analyzed the spatial structural characteristics of Larch and birch mixed forest.The results showed that:There were 8 populations in the tree layer of the forest,among which Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr and Betula spp.had the obvious advantage in population density and basal area,are the dominant tree species.The average mingling degree of the Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr forest was 0.52,suggesting the high mingling degree of stands.The average mingling degree of the Betula spp.was 0.56,suggesting the middle mingling degree of stands.The accompanying species were generally well-mixed.In the spatial structural units,Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr and Betula spp.populations were mainly of dominant,sub-dominant,and intermediate trees,accounting for 63% and 66% of the total plants of the populations,while the advantages of other populations were not obvious.The spatial pattern of forest distribution of aggregative distribution,but the degree of aggregation is not obvious,biased random,the result of the two kinds of pattern analysis were similar.


Tests of the colour reactions were carried out qualitatively during preliminary studies on 2-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidyl azo)-1-naphthol-4-sulphonate sodium salt (DMPN-4S) as possible complexing agent for the determination of microamounts of transition metal ions. Preliminary studies on DMPN-4S revealed that the reagent formed water soluble complexes in general. But in only few cases where complexes were found insoluble than those were made soluble in ethanol-aqueous medium specially when the ethanolic concentration is kept around 50%.


The Phase I Upgrade of the CMS Hadron Forward Calorimeters was completed during the Extended Year End Technical Stop of 2016 – 2017. In the framework of the upgrade, the front-end electronics were replaced and the PMT boxes were reworked to implement two-channel readout in order to exploit the benefits of the multi-anode PMTs. The new PMTs with two channel readout allow background tagging and signal recovery. In addition, the front-end electronics implement a 6-bit TDC to provide an additional handle to eliminate the background. The Hadron Forward Calorimeters were commissioned and operated successfully in 2017 data taking period. Here we describe the details and the components of the upgrade, and discuss the operational experience with the Phase I Upgrade.


For fast access to pure enantiomers during early pharmaceutical development, several chromatographic methods are available. The reasons for using apparently expensive technology at an early stage will be discussed. The individual techniques; SMB (Simulated Moving Bed), preparative HPLC and SFC (Supercritical Fluid Chromatography) are briefly described and illustrated by 3 case studies. The different methods are compared and their strengths and limitations are discussed. The article concludes with a short outlook on possible developments in this specific sector of the pharmaceutical industry.


A constrained linear least square algorithm is proposed,which is based on the measured data in substation and the parameter of the transformer to estimate the system bus voltage and system impedance parameter.A numerical simulation method is used to validate the above algorithm,and the random variables are introduced to reflect the actual measurement error.The simulated result shows that the proposed method is feasible and may ensure the precision to satisfy the requirement.


In tropical forests, free‐living Biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF) in soil and litter tends to decrease when substrate N concentrations increase, whereas increasing phosphorus (P) and molybdenum (Mo) soil and litter concentrations have been shown to stimulate free‐living BNF rates. Yet, very few studies explored the effects of adding N, P, and Mo together in a single large‐scale fertilization experiment, which would teach us which of these elements constrain or limit BNF activities. At two distinct forest sites in French Guiana, we performed a 3‐year in situ nutrient addition study to explore the effects of N, P, and Mo additions on leaf litter and soil BNF. Additionally, we conducted a short‐term laboratory study with the same nutrient addition treatments (+N, +N+P, +P, +Mo, and +P+Mo). We found that N additions alone suppressed litter free‐living BNF in the field, but not in the short‐term laboratory study, while litter free‐living BNF remained unchanged in response to N+P additions. Additionally, we found that P and P+Mo additions stimulated BNF in leaf litter, both in the field and in the lab, while Mo alone yielded no changes. Soil BNF increased with P and P+Mo additions in only one of the field sites, while in the other site soil BNF increased with Mo and P+Mo additions. We concluded that increased substrate N concentrations suppress BNF. Moreover, both P and Mo have the potential to limit free‐living BNF in these tropical forests, but the balance between P versus Mo limitation is determined by site‐specific characteristics of nutrient supply and demand.


Ding Ri-chang was a chief commander of Yang Wu movement in China. For a long time the scholars inquired his contributions based on the historian's point from politic, economy and diplomacy etc aspects. The article introduces their poem creating on Ding Ri-chang, his son Ding Nai-qian, Ding Hui-kang and his grandson Ding Yunchun.


Important measures applicable to ship power plant system components are presented. Birnbaum's and Lambert's important measures were applied to select the most important components of one of the power plant systems onboard a bulk carrier.


Network representation learning can map complex network to the low dimensional vector space, capture the topological properties of networks, and reduce the time complexity and space complexity of the algorithm. However, most of the existing network representation learning (NRL) methods are for the homogeneous networks, while the real-world networks are usually heterogeneous, therefore, it is more practical to provide an intelligent insight into the evolution of heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we propose a novel heterogeneous network embedding method, called AttrHIN, which adopts weighted meta-path-based random walks strategy, and can make full use of the attribute information to capture the latent features. AttrHIN is suitable for the different types of nodes in heterogeneous networks. Extensive experimental results show that compared with the state-of-art algorithms, AttrHIN achieves better results in Macro-F1 and Micro-F1 for multi-class node classification and Link Prediction on several real-world datasets.


Many state and local governments have responded to shortfalls facing their pension plans by cutting benefits. These benefit cuts – which typically affect only new employees – take many forms, ranging from increases in age and tenure requirements for benefits to reductions in cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs). These benefit reductions will reduce a component of public employment compensation that helps ensure comparability of total compensation between the private and public sectors. Furthermore, more generous pensions may help employers recruit and retain high-quality workers who have the foresight to value the far-off benefit that pensions represent. Thus, it is natural to wonder if reductions in public pension benefits will hinder states' and localities' ability to recruit and retain workers in competition with the private sector. This brief sheds light on this question. The discussion is organized as follows. The first section introduces the notion that states and localities experience a "quality gap" in their recruitment and retention of workers – they recruit workers from the private sector who make less than the workers that are ultimately lost to the private sector. Will reducing pension benefits enlarge this gap? To address this question, the second section examines the possible relationship between worker quality and pension generosity. The third section presents an analysis of this relationship, which shows that for states and localities with relatively generous pensions, a reduction in benefits is associated with an increase in the quality gap. The brief concludes by considering the consequences of states and localities cutting pension benefits.


Rooting of the difficult-to-root Ixora acuminata was improved by application of a combination of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and napthalenacetic acid (NAA) to the base of cuttings.


In this paper, we consider spectrum sharing between multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system and a communication system modeled as MIMO interference channel. We derive a zero-forcing precoder for radar transmitter which completely eliminates the radar interference to communication users. Obtaining the precoder requires the knowledge of an effective interference channel matrix composed of the channel matrices to all of the communication receivers and the postprocessing matrices employed by them. We propose a channel estimation phase in which all of the communication receivers coordinate in their choice of training symbols and power transmission and the radar transmitter can estimate the effective interference channel. We investigate the effect of radar precoder and channel estimation error on the performance of radar and interference to communication receivers. Our results indicate that while the precoder null steers the radar interference to communication users it degrades the radar performance by introducing correlation to the probing signals. We show that this performance loss can be compensated for by increasing the number of radar antennas.


The regulation of a nuclear power stution is studied. The natural U reactor is cooled and moderated with separate pressurized heavy water circuits. The coolant removes the reactor heat to a heavy water--light water heat exchanger. Two plans were studied: in the first the light water is first heated by the moderator and in the second the heating of the light water is suppressed. Models are made for studying slow and fust phenomena, and the two models are synthesized into a third to study slow and fast phenomena together. The temperature of the moderator in the reactor is studied as a function of the position and time. Small changes of power and the transfer functions of the system are investigated. A regulation scheme for the power plant is then established. A general stability study of the plant for any fixed power level is included. (J.S.R.)


Inventory management of agro-based industry
(dairy product) is a challenging tax because due to its
perishable nature.EOQ model has its importance & role
for proper management of this category of Inventory. The
success of many businesses is related to their ability to
provide goods and services at right time and in right place.
Different organization adopt different inventory control
methods to manage their inventory to avoid stock-out and
overstock. This paper analyses possible parameters of
existing literature, concentration, description of
characteristics and of EOQ inventory control model that
have been developed and can solve the Problem in this
field & will provide the customer satisfaction with profit
maximization.