The article reveals the urgency of the problem of forming personal and professional image of young teachers in the context of additional education; the essence of the key concepts of the study is revealed, the structural components of the personal and professional image of a young teacher are highlighted: cognitive, value, cultural and competitive-oriented. Acmeological, activity-creative and convergent methodological approaches are determined. The necessity of organizational and pedagogical support of the formation of the personal and professional image of young teachers in the conditions of additional professional education is indicated. Organizational and pedagogical support has several directions: psychological and pedagogical, methodological and technological, socially adaptive.


A whole-genome scan was conducted on 328 F(2) progeny in a Wagyu x Limousin cross to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting palatability and fatty acid composition of beef at an age-constant endpoint. We have identified seven QTL on five chromosomes involved in lipid metabolism and tenderness. None of the genes encoding major enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter) member 4 (SLC2A4), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and genes encoding the subunits of fatty acid elongase, was located in these QTL regions. The present study may lead to a better-tasting and healthier product for consumers through improved selection for palatability and lipid content of beef.


Reading an early scientific paper in medical informatics as the one by Warner, Olmsted and Rutherford [1] is both thrilling and useful when trying to understand the historical development of the relatively new scientific area of medical informatics. The formation of the area of biomedical computing started in the 1960s [2] and still important aspects of the characteristics of medical informatics as a scientific discipline and its relations to other subject areas, such as biomedical engineering and computer science, are still being discussed [3]. When thinking of lessons learned over the past 30 years of biomedical computing, the HELP system is probably a very good choice of study material, since the HELP system has incorporated applications and methods that span nearly the full range of activities in medical infonnatics [ 4,5]: biosignal processing, patient monitoring, computer-based patient records, decision logic and decision support, medical terminology, 8Ystem integration, evaluation and assessment, etc. Obviously, the article mirrors the technology of the early 1970s in the 'Way that the method and result parts are "bits and bytes oriented", reflectibg the desire to report low-level de~ookofMedical Informatics 1999 Commentary


This paper shows the relationship between the hydrodynamic resistance, the deformation of shape of the Sea Station cage and the current velocity by the model test. The results indicated the gross drag of the cage is proportional to the area of the net enclosure which is soaked in water and the function of the resistance to the current velocity is F=36090×V~(1.7904)in normal condition. In addition, the water resistance obtained from theoretical calculation was usually 10 percent less than that from model test. While the current velocity increased, the slope of the cage spar increased gradually. The angle of slope is about 5 degrees when the current velocity reached 2kn. In the model test, the shape of the net enclosure and the volume of the cage almost kept constant in various conditions.


In light of several recent claims that the authors of Kings made use of royal inscriptions, this paper reviews the various kinds of evidence bearing on the matter. The first focus of attention is the evidence for the production of royal inscriptions in Israel and Judah: literary (biblical) references as evidence of native belief in such and archaeological (epigraphic) evidence of actual inscriptions. Fragmentary as it is, this evidence supports the claim that at least royal building inscriptions were produced. Second, assuming that the kings of Israel and Judah would have addressed similar subjects on similar occasions to those addressed by neighboring kings in royal inscriptions, the author examines the evidence for the appearance in Kings of material characteristic of the Northwest Semitic royal inscriptions recovered to date from neighbors of Israel and Judah. Here the conclusion is negative - although the study supports the hypothesis of Kings' use of an Israelite king list.


In order to enhance the grinding accuracy of numerical control (NC) grinding machine, the kinematics of multi-body system, neural net and finite element method were used to make geometric error, thermo error and load error prediction models. Geometric error and loading error could be reduced by using precision NC instructions which were generated through an inverse kinematics solve method, and the thermo error could be reduced through an special mini displacement mechanism which was controlled by the thermo error prediction neural net. Experiment results show that the grinding shape error reduced from 0.225 μm to 0.045 μm after the application of the above sythetic error compensation method.


We examine a new approach to constructive induction that combines Boolean feature construction with prototypical feature construction. This particular representation language appears to be useful in many naturally occurring domains. Despite its representational power, the results are reasonably comprehensible. Also, the learning process is e cient. We present evidence for the e ectiveness of this approach on real and arti cial domains. Through a series of systematic experiments, we partially characterize the generality of the approach.


From the Publisher:
ADO.NET is Microsoft's latest data access technology, and, as an integral component of the .NET framework, is far more than simply an upgrade of an existing technology.ADO.NET is a large set of .NET classes that enable us to interact with data sources, manipulate data, and communicate with other applications and Web Services in entirely new ways.
This book provides a wealth of information about the ADO.NET. We describe the features and how to use them, as well as providing advice and explanation that will enable you to use ADO.NET effectively. The code examples are concise, and demonstrate how to use a specific techniques rather than how to build entire applications.
This book covers:
An overview of ADO.NET, including differences to ADO and its new class structure How to access and query databases using ADO.NET The DataSet, DataReader and DataAdapter objects How to implement transactions in ADO.NET XML support Working with database permissions Incorporating classic ADO components in .NET applications Real-world programming tasks using the SQL Client, OLEDB and ODBC providers Extensive reference sections


The angular (fractional) complex Mellin transform which is a generalization of the complex mellin transform has many applications in several areas including signal processing and optics. In this paper we have given inversion theorem for the generalized Fractional Complex Mellin transform. For that we first prove two lemmas. Lastly we have discussed some applications of this transform.


Dr Colantonio Venturelli is a research fellow at Ancona University where she teaches territorial and town planning based on the principles of landscape ecology and urban ecology. Her research has always been carried out not only in Italy but also in other European countries ( Switzerland, Germany). She is a member of several scientific associations including the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper made available by the author to participants at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001, which she was finally unable to attend.


This work reports on the performances of undoped and n doped amorphous/nano-crystalline silicon films grown by hot wire plasma assisted technique. The film's structure (including the presence of several nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 5 nm to 50 nm), the composition (oxygen and hydrogen content) and the transport properties are highly dependent on the filament temperature and on the hydrogen dilution. The undoped films grown under low r.f. power (≍ 4 mWcm −2 ) and with filament temperatures around 1850 °K have dark conductivities below 10 −1 Scm −1 , optical gaps of about 1.5 eV and photo-sensitivities above 10 5 , (under AM3.5), with almost no traces of oxygen content. N- doped silicon films were also fabricated under the same conditions which attained conductivities of about 10 −2 Scm −1 .


Communication is essential for working effectively with others. We communicate with each other to share their situation and what they are thinking. Especially, using voice is one of the most common ways to communicate. In previous research, we proposed LiveSphere that shares the surrounding environment with a remote person and provides immersive experience to effectively collaborate with each other. This system realizes "human-telepresence" where a person can be in other person and experience the environment. However, the communication in human-telepresence has some problems. In this paper, we propose directional communication with spatial sound to alleviate the problems. We also report on the result of user study.


The mass spectrometric behaviour of five 3 -methyl-la-phenyl - 1, 1 -dichloro- la. 2,3,4- tetrahydro-azirino[2, 1 -q][1,5]benzothiazepines has been studied with The aid of mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectrometry. All compounds show a tendency to eliminate a chlorine atom from aziridine ring, and Then eliminate a neutral propene from The thiazepine ring to yield l,4-benzothiazine ions, or furTher eliminate a chlorine to yield 1,6-benzothiazocine ions. They could also eliminate consecutively a chlorine atom and hydrogen chloride in The samle time to undergo a ring enlargement rearrangement to yield 1,6-benzothiazocine ions, which furTher lose small molecular fragments or propyne and undergo rearrangement to give 1,4- benzothiazine ions.


Equal rights and opportunities without discrimination to obtain decent jobs and livelihoods are often underestimated by some countries. The placement of Indonesian migrant workers abroad must receive serious attention. The impact can result in the loss of property to private migrant workers and their families until the loss of life. Legal safeguards are needed in the form of prevention of legal violations through advocacy for assisting Indonesian migrant workers during pre placement on the personal legal based . Due to this fact, our research focuses on how the design of personal legal advocacy can fulfill the right to work and livelihoods that are appropriate for humanity for Indonesian migrant workers. This research used normative juridical with a socio-legal approach in Indonesia. The findings showed that advocacy based on personal legal assistance can be a positive element so that the right to work and a decent living for humanity for Indonesian migrant workers can be fulfilled


The ultrastructural characteristics of proboscis and the labial palp and its pit organ in the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Four types of sensilla were identified on the proboscis of G. molesta: aporous sensilla chaetica, uniporous sensilla basiconica (two subtypes), uniporous sensilla styloconica (two subtypes), and aporous sensilla campaniformia. The sensilla campaniformia found in proboscises of Lepidoptera were only the second time. Three types of sensilla were found on the surface of the labial palp: sensilla chaetica, sensilla squamiformia, and sensilla campaniformia. In addition we found small holes sporadically located on the walls of the second segment of each labial palp. The pit organ, which is located on the terminal segment of each labial palp, is 86.61 μm deep with a 21.90 μm-wide opening. Each pit structure contains two types of sensilla: hair-shaped sensilla (containing some sensilla with forked tips) (located on the upper half of the pit) and clubshaped sensilla (located on the lower half of the pit).


The invention relates to an upgrade method based on a task template, comprising following steps: packaging normal operation; combining packaged functional units according to the upgrade requirement so as to form a task template; building a communication channel with a remote server by socket connection; parsing the task template into an operation order; and after sending the operation order to the remote server, executing the operation order. The invention also relates to an upgrade device and a batch upgrade system based on the task template. According to the technical solution disclosed by the invention the execution accuracy and the execution efficiency can be improved. In addition, the batch upgrade system is adopted; only if the server performance allows, a user can increase connection number in a maximum manner according to actual condition of the device, so that the upgrade efficiency is improved.


In this study, a new electroluminescent poly(2‐decyloxy‐5‐(4′‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐1,4‐phenylene‐vinylene) (designated as DBP‐PPV) with no tolane‐bis–benzyl (TBB) structure defect was prepared by dehydrohalogenation of 1,4‐bisbromomethyl‐2‐decyloxy‐5‐(4′‐tert‐butyl‐phenyl) benzene (as monomer). The monomer bearing decyloxy and 4′‐tert‐butylphenyl substituents was synthesized via alkylation, bromination and Suzuki coupling reactions. The two asymmetric substituents of the monomer can suppress the formation of TBB defect during polymerization process and make the resultant polymer be soluble in common organic solvents. The structure and properties of DBP‐PPV were examined by 1H‐NMR, FT‐IR, UV/Vis, TGA and photoluminescence (PL) analyses. Moreover, with the DBP‐PPV acting as a light‐emitting polymer, a device with sequential lamination of ITO/PEDOT/DBP‐PPV/Ca/Ag was fabricated. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum of the device showed a maximum emission at around 546 nm, corresponding to a yellowish‐green light. The device showed a turn‐on voltage of about 8.4 V and a maximum luminescence efficiency of 0.11 cd/A at an applied voltage of 12 V.


Advances in technology have led to the development of small, compact devices for hand-held ultrasonography (HHU), some of which can connect to a mobile device like a smartphone or tablet. Cardiac ultrasonography has now gone beyond the realm of expert cardiologists and sonographers and into other specialties and clinical scenarios. Although not as technologically advanced as cart-based systems, these devices provide accurate images of cardiac structures at a relatively high resolution. Most devices also include different presets and probes applicable to cardiac, abdominal, vascular, and obstetric and gynecologic scans. Because of its improved image quality and decreasing costs, HHU is becoming increasingly popular among clinicians, although it has yet to be widely adopted. It augments physical examination by yielding accurate structural detail of the heart, cardiac valves, and chambers; indicating wall thickness and presence of pericardial effusion; and providing important information on cardiac function. Both the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Society of Cardiology have published detailed position statements about the use of HHU and focused cardiac examinations (1, 2). Marbach and colleagues (3) report their findings from a systematic review and meta-analysis of the comparative accuracy of a focused cardiac ultrasonography examination using a hand-held device versus a clinical examination to assess left ventricular dysfunction and valvular heart disease. Most of the studies in this review included hospitalized patients, but some outpatients and emergency department patients were also studied. Imaging was done by a heterogeneous mixture of cardiologists; intensivists; and trainees, including medical students and residents. The authors report that compared with physical examination alone, incorporating HHU into a physical examination increased sensitivity for detecting aortic and mitral valve disease and left ventricular dysfunction. However, HHU did not significantly improve specificity. This is probably because definitive signs on physical examination suggesting significant valve disease or left ventricular dysfunction are unlikely to be false-positive findings and are instead specific for these pathologies. As suggested by forest plots in the article by Marbach and colleagues (3) as well as others (4), the diagnostic yield of HHU is more robust for regurgitant valve lesions than for stenotic lesions. This is likely the result of color Doppler, which is integrated into all HHU devices and allows identification of even mild regurgitant jets. For stenotic lesions, the lack of spectral Doppler in most HHUas well as the fact that murmurs and other findings associated with significant aortic stenosis are relatively easily detectedmakes the differences between physical examination and HHU less prominent. Ultrasonography with HHU clearly has the potential to be the fifth pillar of the physical examination (5) and to improve the accuracy of bedside diagnosis. However, like physical examiners, HHU operators need to be aware of their own capabilities, experience, and limitations. The study by Marbach and colleagues supports improved diagnostic sensitivity when physicians (including medical students) use HHU. Although many studies have investigated use of HHU, unresolved issues remain, including the potential for cardiac findings to be overlooked or mistaken for the wrong diagnosis. The examiner's levels of training and skill affect the accuracy of both auscultation and HHU. Training in HHU is incorporated into the core requirements of programs in anesthesia and emergency medicine. However, the level of HHU training in other specialties, including cardiology, varies widely and is not standardized (6). Training in HHU is becoming widely adopted in medical schools across North America as a tool to teach anatomy, reinvigorate the pursuit of expertise in physical examination, and develop hands-on diagnostic skills using ultrasonography (7). Marbach and colleagues reviewed 9 studies, in which the examiners were listed as staff physicians, cardiologists, cardiac sonographers, and medical students; thus, training and expertise in making and interpreting sonographic images were highly variable. This may reflect the real world to some extent. However, training, as well as consistent use of HHU to maintain both technical and interpretive skills, is a requisite for optimal HHU use. Rigorously trained examiners would likely have had higher diagnostic accuracy than found in this study. The incorporation of machine-learning algorithms into HHU can improve accuracy, especially for novice users, and assist in identifying patients who would benefit from a complete echocardiographic study. To date, HHU studies have provided few data on hard end points, such as clinical effect and costbenefit ratio. Marbach and colleagues' study does not address these issues. However, others have found that when HHU is used to supplement physical examination, it changes the primary diagnosis in up to 14% of patients (8). In addition, HHU increases physician confidence in the diagnosis, reduces the time to diagnosis, and improves patient satisfaction. In a theoretical model, HHU use reduced the cost of care (9). We agree with the authors that to facilitate cardiac care, the clinician must have the knowledge to judge when formal echocardiography is requisite. Because 70% of echocardiograms in Medicare patients are ordered by noncardiologist providers (10), incorporating HHU in the primary care setting could greatly improve downstream work-up and cost-effectiveness. After more than 2 centuries of using the stethoscope (sound) as the primary tool for bedside cardiac diagnosis, hand-held devices (ultrasound) are an exciting addition to the cardiac examinationbut they are not without challenges related to proficiency, operator dependency, and cost. With the advent of imaging, seeing is believing, but the truth depends on the skills and expertise of the beholder.


If a new landing destination call that is newly registered is an upper floor - specific floor call, an assignment candidate car determining unit determines, as a specifying process, an assignment candidate car for the new landing destination call after omitting cars already assigned to registered lower floor calls, and an assignment car determining unit determines an assignment car for the new landing destination call from among the assignment candidate cars for the new landing destination call that were determined by the assignment candidate car determining unit after omitting cars for which a car reverse direction starting event occurs when assigned to the new landing destination call.


From the Publisher:
Written by three renowned developers and lecturers, this book provides experienced Delphi professionals and consultants with detailed coverage of the environment's newest features. Included in the 100+ sample applications are advanced techniques and code samples you can use to make your programs more powerful, faster, and more efficient. Create Distributed Applications. Delphi provides you with both ActiveX and COM capabilities, and is also the best answer for legacy 16-bit developers. Move on to challenging Delphi projects with this book's advanced discussions. The enclosed CD contains the complete source code for every example in the book, plus ready-to-use components and Delphi add-on tools. System utilities, component debugging tools and demonstration versions of third-party Delphi software, including BoundsChecker from NuMega technologies; Raptor from Eagle Software; WebHub from HREF Tools, Web Solution builder from Shoreline Software, and the Source Integrity Test Drive from MKS. As an added bonus, you'll also find sample issues of the best Delphi magazines!


Lewy bodies (LBs) are &agr;-synuclein-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions with a predilection for specific cortical and subcortical regions, including the amygdala. In this study, the presence of LBs was assessed in 347 cases of Alzheimer disease (AD). In 87 cases, LB pathology was diagnostic of brainstem (n = 3), transitional (n = 32), or diffuse (n = 52) Lewy body disease (LBD). The remaining 260 cases of AD were screened for amygdala LBs (AD/ALB) and 62 (24%) cases were found. If AD/LBD cases are included, LBs were detected in 149 (43%) cases of AD. The presence &agr;-synuclein pathology was assessed in multiple brain regions of the 62 cases of AD/ALB and 57 randomly selected cases of AD, and only sparse &agr;-synuclein pathology was detected in both. The burden of &agr;-synuclein pathology in brainstem nuclei, amygdala, and neocortex was significant lower in AD/ALB than in AD/LBD. In comparison to AD/LBD, AD/ALB did not differ in age at death, disease duration, male-to-female ratio, brain weight, Braak neurofibrillary tangle stage, average senile plaque density, or apolipoprotein E &egr;4 allele frequency. The results suggest that AD/ALB is pathologically different from AD/LBD, suggesting that it is a neuropathologically distinct and isolated &agr;-synucleinopathy.


H T ISTORIANS of British North America have recently rediscovered an interest in immigration history and the social-cultural world created by the mingling of peoples in the eighteenthcentury colonies. The observant among them will have marked, amid fine studies of the English, Scots, and Dutch, along with renewed scrutiny of involuntary Afro-American immigration, the absence of equivalent work on the German-speaking colonists. This essay assesses the problems and potential for a history of the Germans in eighteenth-century British North America with special reference to related fields of German social history and immigration history. Particular regard is paid to recent and current explorations in these fields by German scholars.1


On the 25th February this year the Minister for Defence, Mr Beazley, announced that half of the RAN fleet will be based at HMAS Stirling in Western Australia over the next decade. The Government will also pursue the possible relocation of the remainder of the fleet to Jervis Bay, in Southern New South Wales. Environmental studies for the proposed relocation of the other half of the fleet to Jervis Bay are now underway. If at the end of these studies, the Government decides to proceed with the Jervis Bay move, a massive development project of more than $1billion will begin. The issue is likely to create significant controversy amongst environmental and anti-nuclear groups. In this article Commander Burroughs strongly argues that the move to Jervis Bay is essential for defence interests. Maritime Studies hopes to carry an article in a future issue on this topic from an environmentalist perspective. Commander Burrough's article first appeared in the Australian Naval Institute Journal.


Recently, it has become a common practice to utilize food processing waste as natural additives in food products by evaluating their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Pomegranate peel is also an important by-product involved in the pomegranate processing industry and has strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the quality changes of trout burgers prepared with pomegranate peel extract during the refrigerated (4±1°C) storage. For this purpose, peroxide value, thiobarturic acid (TBARs), total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB) count, total psyschophilis bacteria (TPB) count, total coliform bacteria, total yeast-mold, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count and sensory quality parameters were evaluated in trout burgers. Peoxide value was found to be 2.75 meq O2/kg at the beginning with increasing in all groups and were observed significantly lower in the groups prepared with pomegranate peel extract than the control group (24.85 meq O2/kg). TBARs value of trout fillet was 0.07 mg MDA/kg and increased in all groups until the end of storage. The lowest values compared to the control group were found in the group prepared with 1% pomegranate peel extract. At the end of storage, TBARs values of the control, groups enriched with 0.5% and 1% pomegranate peel extract reached 2.78, 2.32 and 2.25 mg MDA/kg, respectively. It has been determined that pomegranate peel extract has a suppressive effect on TAMB, TPB, total coliform, total yeast-mold and LAB growth in trout burgers. As a result of sensory evaluations, pomegranate peel extract has been observed to extend the shelf life of trout burgers by 6 days compared to the control group. All these data revealed that pomegranate peel extract can be used as an alternative natural additive in trout burgers.


How do dancers engage with electronic dance music (EDM) when dancing? This paper reports on an empirical study of dancers' pleasurable engagement with three structural properties of EDM: (1) breakdown, (2) build-up, and (3) drop. Sixteen participants danced to a DJ mix in a club-like environment, and the group's bodily activity was recorded with an infrared, marker-based motion capture system. After they danced, the subjects filled out questionnaires about the pleasure they experienced and their relative desire to move while dancing. Subsequent analyses revealed associations between the group's quantity of motion and self-reported experiences of pleasure. Associations were also found between certain sonic features and dynamic changes in the dancers' movements. Pronounced changes occurred in the group's quantity of motion during the breakdown, build-up, and drop sections, suggesting a high level of synchronization between the group and the structural properties of the music. The questionnaire confirmed this intersubjective agreement: participants perceived the musical passages consistently and marked the build-up and drop as particularly pleasurable and motivational in terms of dancing. Self-reports demonstrated that the presence and activity of other participants were also important in the shaping of one's own experience, thus supporting the idea of clubbing as an intersubjectively embodied experience.


References OLANO, M., AND BAKER, D. 2010. LEAN mapping. In Proc. I3D'10, 181–188. ROSEN, P. 2012. Rectilinear texture warping for fast adaptive shadow mapping. In Proc. I3D'12, 151–158. Figure 1. Our technique (b) warps the shadow map more appropriately especially for regions distant to the camera. Thus, sharper shadows are rendered with 0.12 ms overhead. RTWSMs without rotation produce moderate importance distribution for both vertical and horizontal axes when importance is obliquely distributed. By using our rotation, sharper importance distribution is produced for the vertical axis. Crytek Sponza (262 k triangles) GPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 resolution: 1920x1080


With effect from the end of 2021, I shall cease as the Editor-in-Chief of Advances in Physics after 38 years. I have been honoured to have served and would like to thank all the authors, editors, referees and readers who have contributed to and supported the journal over the period of my tenure. From 1 January 2022, the journal will be directed by two new co-Editors-in-Chief, Prof Paolo Radaelli of the University of Oxford and Prof Joerg Schmalian of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The journal's most recent Impact Factor is 25.375. I wish both the journal and the new Editors-in-Chief continuing success.


A novel no-reference image quality assessment metric based on Tchebichef moment is proposed for blurred images. The re-blurred image is produced by blurring the original blurred image with a low pass filter. Then the original blurred image and re-blurred image are divided into 8 × 8 blocks respectively. Tchebichef moment of each block is computed. The original blurred image blocks are classified into smooth block, texture block and edge block according to the Tchebichef moment block value. The local quality index is obtained from the similarity measure of moment vectors between the re-blurred and the original image blocks. The local quality indices of three types are rolled as the final image quality. Experimental results show that the proposed metric is better than other methods. It obtains high correlations with subjective quality evaluations. So the proposed metric is appropriate for no-reference blurred image quality assessment.


AC motor traction with regenerative braking can easily be modified to a pure electric braking system in normal service operation. This enables better riding quality with improved accuracy of stopping position and consequently with short braking distance and less probability of making a flat wheel. A considerable amount of maintenance cost due to wear of friction brake equipment can be eliminated. From the viewpoint of reliability at emergency conditions, this paper does not propose anything, because the authors think for the moment it is enough to use the existing mechanical brake as it is.


Hydrodynamic manoeuvrability data of the flatfish type autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) "MARIUS" are presented. "MARIUS" was developed under the EC MAST Programme as a vehicle for seabed inspection and environmental surveys in coastal waters. The AUV has an overall length of 4.5 m and is driven by two propellers and four thrusters. The data comprise added mass and inertia coefficients, damping, lift and drag coefficients of the vehicle and its control surfaces, as well as resistance and propulsion characteristics. The hydrodynamic data have been determined by full scale tests, using a towing tank equipped with a planar motion mechanism. A few free-sailing tests have been carried out as well. Application of the data and possible improvements of the shape of the vehicle are discussed.<<ETX>>


1. Data Protection In Austria. 2. Data Protection in Belgium. 3. Data Protection in Canada. 4. Data Protection in Denmark. 5. Data Protection in Finland. 6. Data Protection in France. 7. Data Protection in Germany. 8. Data Protection in Iceland. 9. Data Protection in Japan. 10. Data Regulation in Luxembourg. 11.Data Protection in the Netherlands. 12. Data Protection in Norway. 13. Data Protection and Legislation in Sweden. 14. Data Protection in Switzerland. 15. Data Protection in the United Kingdom. 16. Data Protection in the United States. 17. Council of Europe. 18. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).


Limb defects associated with major congenital anomalies occur in nearly one in 7000 births. 1 Limb body wall complex (LBWC) refers to a combination of defects consisting of body wall defect with the absence or rudimentary development of a limb and serious visceral anomalies. There are several hypothesis about the pathogenesis of this condition. Proposed theories include early amnion rupture with direct mechanical pressure, a defect in the germ disc leading to formation of an anomalous cavity, and vascular disruption of the early embryo. 2–6


The Background of this research is to know and to analize prediction of company bankruptcy of Telecommunication Industry in BEI periods 2007-2010 which focuses object are four companies which have all criteria in analysis by method Z-score Altman. As we know, the goal of company is not being bankrupt so that the company needed a method to predict the bankruptcy as soon as possible. One of the method is Z-Score Altman, this method used to analize financial statements. Goal this research is to know the potential of bankruptcy, rate of bankruptcy, and insolvensy ranking  of Telecommunication Industry in BEI periods 2007-2010. Four companies taken as object is PT. XL Axiata, Tbk (eks PT. Excelcomindo, Tbk), PT. Mobile-8 Telecom, Tbk, PT. Indosat, Tbk and PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia (PERSERO), Tbk is analyze by using financial statements taken away from by the year 2007 to 2010. After that calculated values of variable x1 to variable x5 and next calculated the value of each variable into Altman's Formula to produce the score ( Z-Score). Determining the Z-Score with this categories : a)     Z-Score 2,90 are on non bankruptcy company Keywords : financial distress, bankruptcy, telecommunication industry.


SUMMARY This paper presents an overview of methods of research most commonly used in research in the field of aging, religion and spirituality. It discusses the reasons for doing research and the applicability of findings to practice, providing a guide to practitioners in becoming discerning consumers of research in this field. The paper also provides examples of research in this field, using both quantitative and qualitative methods.


ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: This descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study aimed to understand the impact of positive HIV/Aids status on the lives of patients and their relatives. Ten patients and their respective caretakers were the subjects of this research. The study was undertaken at the Specialized Aids Service Clinic of Campo Mourao, Parana State, Brazil, from June 2006 to July 2007. The discovery of positive status unleashes a variety of feelings and behaviors in both patients and caretakers. With time, however, that difficulty gives way to other feelings, such as valuing life, and changes in daily habits, with a view to improving quality of life. The patients demonstrated that, despite receiving specialized care, they still find it difficult to understand the disease. This indicates the need for greater engagement on the part of health professionals, especially because, when reporting guidance they have received, patients seem merely to repeat it without really having incorporated


The invention discloses an aqueous rust-removal and rustproof nano coating and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, synthesizing a functional hydroxypropyl acrylate base phosphate monomer, and then copolymerizing the monomer to a styrene-acrylic emulsion to prepare a modified styrene-acrylic emulsion, wherein hydroxypropyl acrylate base phosphate accounts for 3-8% of the total amount of the monomer. The problem of agglomeration of nano particles is solved by an optimization process selecting a titanate coupling agent TC-WT to modify nano calcium carbonate. The reasonable range of the pH value of a system is determined by measuring isoelectric points of a suspension, and a multifunctional auxiliary agent is used for control. The aqueous rust-removal and rustproof nano coating has the characteristics of fast drying, dust prevention, good corrosion resistance, washing resistance and brine resistance. By adopting the aqueous rust-removal and rustproof nano coating disclosed by the invention, the cost is low, the process is simple, secondary pollution is not caused, and a lot of high-intensity labor and various processing procedures before the surface of a rusty metal is coated are reduced.


A laboratory experiment on the study of the chemical equilibrium based on the reaction between ferric and iodide ions in solution with the formation of ferrous ions, free iodine, and triiodide ions is developed. The total concentration of iodide and triiodide ions in the reaction mixture during the reaction is determined by the argentometric titration; the concentrations of the other reagents and products are calculated using the material balance equations. The dependence of the equilibrium constant on temperature is also considered. The average values of Kc are 2.5 × 104 M–1 (35 °C) and 4.5 × 104 M–1 (45 °C). The experiment uses common reagents and simple equipment and can be performed in any educational laboratory. The basic procedure of processing the experimental data is quite simple and can be easily performed even by first-year students; however, the experiment can be extended in several ways to be suitable for advanced laboratory courses for upper-year undergraduates. Possible extensions are discus...


Let M be a Clifford monoid and let θ be an endomorphism of M. We prove that if the Bruck–Reilly extension BR(M, θ) is finitely presented then M is finitely generated. This allows us to derive necessary and sufficient conditions for Bruck–Reilly extensions of Clifford monoids to be finitely presented.


The problem of representation - that the representation of a concept can never be that concept - is a version of the enduring philosophical problem of the difference between appearance and its underlying reality. Examining how the limitations of representation have been discussed from Kant up through Marxist theorists of postmodernism, The Abyss of Representation illuminates the epistemological, political, aesthetic, ideological, and cultural issues hinging on the inevitable failures of representation. Drawing on the work of Althusser, Zizek, and Lacan, George Hartley argues that while ideology is a representation of the relationship of individual subjects to their real conditions of existence, this relationship is an imaginary one. He demonstrates why hysteria (hysterical conversion) is the necessary condition for acceptance of that ideology which constitutes us as selves and subjects within society. This hysterical conversion also generates the Lacanian symptom of social symbolic order, which, Hartley posits, in contemporary Western society is the subaltern subject described by Gayatri Spivak. This subaltern is the postmodern sublime object continuously effaced from view - a central part of the social order paradoxically relegated to the extreme periphery. Hartley contends that in the United States the subaltern is exemplified by the Chicano, an American who can never be American enough. By looking at the history of the term "representation" in philosophical discourse, Hartley provides a deep understanding of the problems that hinge on representations' failures.


University education is the epitome of education that countries leverage for the delivery of national strategic plans, through the creation of skilled workforce for socio-economic development. Kenyan public universities have experienced massification in the past three decades, a phenomenon resulting from the democratization of education, the advent of knowledge economy, and globalization. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the consequences of massification caused Juakalization in higher education in Kenya. Juakalization is the dilution and conversion of high quality university education to assume an artisan nature of mass production of low quality and unstandardized educational product. The study used a systematic review of literature and public documents to analyze the consequences of massification in Kenya's higher education. Findings indicate that the consequences of massification of overcapacity and insufficient infrastructure led to mass production of a low quality non-standardized university product. The researcher compares the Kenyan Jua Kali artisan production process to that of higher education, where both work under adverse conditions to produce mass low quality products. This analogy acts as a metaphor to describe the dilution and conversion of higher education to that of artisanship and coins the term Juakalization to describe this process in higher education.


In the present work in the terms of inseparable sets is received criterion of existence of symmetry of independence system polyhedron for any shift. On the basis of it is developed polynomial (accurate to oracle of independence) algorithm of construction of the appropriate symmetry.


A list of 111 oribatid species collected at several sites in Albania is presented. Four of them (Carabodes csikii, Dissorhina shqipetarica, Chamobates (Xiphobates) latissimus and Scheloribates salebrosus spp. n.) are new to science. Some notes on rare or little known species are also given. With 25 figures.


In Korea, the rate of renewable energy supply which was 1.4% of primary energy at the end of 2000, is remarkably lower than those in developed countries. In 2000, Daegu City got 18,560 TOE - that was only 0.39%; compared with 1.42% in the national average. If Daegu City expands the supply and use of renewable energy with Solar City, it could make a use of chance to improve its environment and a relationship with international advanced cities; furthermore Daegu City could be an international model city. In this study, I would like to draw up a plan for utilization of renewable energy through a research on the use and potential amount of renewable energy. According to the specific plan for utilization of renewable energy, the effectiveness and continuity of renewable energy plan will be lasted and the supply of it will be advanced in Daegu City.


Surface-enhanced Raman scattering has been employed to characterize the adsorption of an oligopeptide containing histidine residues on colloidal nanoparticles of metals as Ag and Cu obtained by laser ablation. The title molecule consists of two histidine and glycine residues alternating along the chain and terminating with an acetyl on one side and an amide group on the other. Histidine residues are found to act as docking sites of the molecule to the surface of the metal nanoparticles. Semiempirical parameterized model number 3 (PM3) calculations performed on molecule/metal model complexes suggest possible different adsorption geometries depending on the metallic substrate. This investigation could provide useful information to address the interaction of protein systems with metal ions, which is often related to fundamental biological process in living systems and can play an important role in different neuropathological diseases. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This account summarizes our recent work on measurements of the correlation function of the transition frequency fluctuations by a three-pulse photon echo method. The correlation function of the transition frequency fluctuations is a sensitive measure for the magnitudes and time scales of dynamical interactions between solute and solvent. We describe the results of the solvation dynamics of small ions in protic solvents such as methanol and water obtained by an infrared photon echo method.


Context. The Love number h2 describes the radial tidal displacements of Mercury's surface and allows constraints to be set on the inner core size when combined with the potential Love number k2. Knowledge of Mercury's inner core size is fundamental to gaining insights into the planet's thermal evolution and dynamo working principle. The BepiColombo Laser Altimeter (BELA) is currently cruising to Mercury as part of the BepiColombo mission and once it is in orbit around Mercury, it will acquire precise measurements of the planet's surface topography, potentially including variability that is due to tidal deformation.
Aims. We use synthetic measurements acquired using BELA to assess how accurately Mercury's tidal Love number h2 can be determined by laser altimetry.
Methods. We generated realistic, synthetic BELA measurements, including instrument performance, orbit determination, as well as uncertainties in spacecraft attitude and Mercury's libration. We then retrieved Mercury's h2 and global topography from the synthetic data through a joint inversion.
Results. Our results suggest that h2 can be determined with an absolute accuracy of ± 0.012, enabling a determination of Mercury's inner core size to ± 150 km given the inner core is sufficiently large (>800 km). We also show that the uncertainty of h2 depends strongly on the assumed scaling behavior of the topography at small scales and on the periodic misalignment of the instrument.


Substituted benzoic acid amides of formula (I), the intermediates of benzamide for the manufacture likewise its use as a medical treatment drugs caused by, and sustained angiogenesis are described.


The invention discloses a mechanical normally open valve which comprises a valve main body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and an upper cover provided with an external power source inlet. An elastic valve core assembly is compressed between the valve main body and the upper cover and divides the valve main body and the upper cover into an upper cover cavity and a main body cavity. The valve main body is provided with a hollow annular raised column which divides the main body cavity into a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity. The elastic valve core assembly is provided with a capillary water inlet opening and a central capillary through hole. The hollow annular raised column and the elastic valve core assembly are elastically sealed and connected and prop against each other, forming a valve structure which controls the opening and closing of an annular gap channel between the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity under the action of pressure difference. The upper cover is equipped with a valve plug assembly which can move downward to plug the central capillary through hole under the push of external driving force, and the valve plug assembly, together with the water pressure in the upper cover cavity, enables the elastic valve core assembly and the hollow annular raised column to seal and block the annular gap channel to realize complete blocking of the water outlet and the water inlet.


Objective
This study examines the roles of parents, extended kin, and exchange networks in adolescent health-seeking behavior in Ethiopia.

Background
Prior studies highlight the role of mothers in children's health, whereas fathers, extended kin and other network partners remain largely unexamined. The gender intensification hypothesis suggests that adolescents gravitate toward same gender parents for advice and assistance with health-related issues. A more expansive view of the hypothesis suggests that other same gender adults may also be important sources of support.

Method
Survey data were used from a random sample of 2,084 youth ages 13-17 collected in urban and rural communities in southwestern Ethiopia. Sources of advice, treatment, and accompaniment to get treatment were examined. Random intercept logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with receipt of formal health care.

Results
Fathers and mothers played an important role in all phases of adolescent health-seeking behavior. Fathers' involvement was especially common in rural areas and more so with boys than girls. Extended kin and exchange networks also played a role and were even more important for boys in female-headed households, suggesting they may have substituted for absent fathers.

Conclusion
Adolescents rely heavily on parents and other adults for health advice and treatment. Who children go to for assistance is highly gendered, especially in rural areas.

Implications
Studies of adolescent health-seeking and interventions designed to improve health services utilization need to recognize the important involvement of parents and other closely related adults in advising youth and accompanying them to get treatment.


Basic computer training is an important part of the fundamental training for engineers in each application area. The article shows that the purpose of such training has been always the formation of the basic theoretical concepts and practical skills to solve problems by programming with computers. All the formation periods and the following improvement of basic computer training were analyzed by the example of the National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute» (NRU MPEI). Special role of the structured programming technology is mentioned, the use of which allows you to effectively develop easy understood algorithms and computer programs with a minimal number of errors. Particular attention is drawn to the serious methodological support in the 80th (the last century), the basic computer training of students by the Ministry of Higher Education of the USSR and the Research Institute of Higher School Problems. The important role of methodical councils of universities on the computer technology application to coordinate in those years the basic computer training at the University is mentioned. The article shows the new teaching methods of the main discipline with generally accepted today in Russia term "Informatics". This method was developed in the National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute» at the Applied Mathematics Department, providing the basic computer training of students in 1–2 semesters. This new teaching method has such a «reference point» as fundamental programming concepts «task – method of this task solution – algorithm for solving the task – computer program». The main tasks of the discipline of the basic computer training were defined: – formation of students' formal logic, algorithmic thinking; – learning of modern technology of structured programming, providing efficient development of algorithms and computer programs; – formation of practical skills of designing algorithms of any complexity; – learning of procedure-oriented programming languages. The article analyzes some negative aspects, related to basic computer training and appeared in the last 15–20 years in the National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute» and other higher technical educational universities of Russia, including: – subjective diluting effect, changing the purpose and content of basic computer training and replacement by the other, «unconvincing» in the content subjects; – lack of a unified program of discipline «Informatics» for higher technical educational institutions of Russia; – lack of understanding of the specificity of very intensive work of lecturers, conducting such training, and the underestimation of their labor; – insufficient current level of initial computer training for the secondary school graduates; – lack of methodological interaction of higher technical educational universities of Russia among themselves and with the secondary school on basic computer training. The article emphasizes that the basic computer training in engineering education in Russia will be in perspective realized in its classic historical sense of the word, if the qualified engineers, who are able to think logically and resolve efficiently any professional tasks, will be necessary for the country as before.


blood urea nitrogen 61 mg/dL; creatinine 3.3 mg/dL; Creactive protein 19 mg/L, and INR 1.0. Urinalysis showed 1,178.7 mg/dl of proteinuria, with 3–5 red and white blood cells per high-power field, without dysmorphic cells. Total cholesterol (353 mg/dL) and triglyceride (261 mg/dL) were increased, and serum protein electrophoresis revealed hypoalbuminemia (1.8 g/dL). In a 24-h specimen of urine, protein was 2,716 mg. During hospitalization, the patient developed a sudden episode of hematemesis. On physical examination, he had hemodynamic stability and epigastric tenderness without guarding or rebound tenderness. The upper endoscopy showed diffuse mucosal redness, small ring-like petechiae, submucosal hemorrhages, and superficial ulcers in the gastric body, antrum, and duodenum ( Fig. 1 ). There was a rapid clinical deterioration, with the development of hemolacria (bloody tears), hematidrosis (bloody sweat), macroscopic hematuria, and appearance of a palpable purpura on the lower limbs, abdomen, and trunk ( Fig. 2 ). The patient developed multiple organ failure and required hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation. Given the clinical set, we considered the diagnosis of a vasculitis and started corticosteroids (1,000 mg of methylprednisolone per day). A chest high-resolution computed tomography scan was performed, and besides


In the past few years, there has been a virtual torrent of memoirs by wouldbe peacemakers and observers of the Middle East peace process. The titles of most of those books give a good indication of the unfortunate state of current affairs: Dennis Ross, Middle East envoy under President Clinton, wrote Missing Peace; Charles Enderlin, Jerusalem correspondent for France II television, wrote Shattered Dreams: The Failure of the Peace Process in the Middle East. Aaron David Miller, an adviser to six secretaries of state, wrote The Much Too Promised Land; Daniel C. Kurtzer, former US Ambassador to Israel and a key player on the Obama team, entitled his account Negotiating Arab–Israeli Peace, while Martin Indyk titled his Innocent Abroad. A rather more humble addition to that list is Marc Gopin's To Make the Earth Whole: The Art of Citizen Diplomacy in an Era of Religious Militancy, a book based on its author's mission to Syria between 2003–09 and his attempts to provide an answer to the complex questions of peace and war in the region.


If the rhodopsin on one side of an isolated rod outer segment is suddenly bleached, the rhodopsin on the other side can be observed with a microspectrophotometer to diffuse rapidly across the width of the rod. Uniform distribution is approached exponentially with a half-time at 20°C of 23 ± 3 sec in rods isolated from mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) retina and 35 ± 3 sec in rods isolated from frog (Rana catesbeiana) retina. These rods are 12 and 8 μ in diameter, respectively. Taking the geometry of the rod disk membranes into account, we obtain a lateral diffusion constant for rhodopsin in the disk membrane of (4.0 ± 1.5) × 10−9 cm2/sec for both mudpuppy and frog. No diffusion was observed if rods were first fixed with glutaraldehyde. The diffusion constant increased with temperature with a Q10 between 2 and 4 in the temperature range near 20°C. If the effective diameter of rhodopsin is assumed to be about 50 A, the Stokes–Einstein relationship implies the effective viscosity for lateral diffusion of rhodopsin is about 2 poise. This value, as well as the Q10, are essentially the same as indicated by the rapid rotational diffusion of rhodopsin previously observed by flash photometry in frog rods.1


Background and purpose:Patients with high-grade T1 urothelial carcinoma of bladder should undergo radical cystectomy when intravesical treatments failed.Nevertheless,some patients finally accepted bladder-sparing operations because of some reasons.Until now,no systemic and intact report about the progress and outcomes of these patients has occurred.So the aim of our research was to analyze the characteristics about the outcomes and progress of patients with high-grade T1 urothelial carcinoma of bladder after bladder-sparing operation.Methods:Seven patients with high-grade T1 urothelial carcinoma of bladder underwent transurethral resection of tumor or partial cystectomy from Jan.2005 to Feb.2006.The whole process and data of their postoperative follow-up and treatment were recorded by means of in-patient until to the end of their lives.Results:The high-risk characteristics of these patients with T1 urothelial carcinoma of bladder were multi-focus and high-grade of cancer.They could not suffer radical cystectomy because of contraindications of severe cardiac disease for 4 patients and old age of 81-86 years for 3 patients.They all died of bladder carcinoma-correlative disease and their cancer specific survival time was 6-65 months(median 44.5 months).Severe hematuria happened to 7 patients and metastasis to bone,lung,liver,adrenal and thoracic cavity wall did to 6,5,5,3 and 1 patient,respectively.Conclusion:The cancer specific survival time is short for patients with high-grade T1 urothelial carcinoma of bladder after bladder-sparing operation.Metastasis to multiple far-distance organs occurred frequently,such as bone,lung and liver.There is no persistently effective therapy for severe hematuria.


In April 1997 BI-IP, Australia's largest company, announced its Intention of closing its steelworks at Newcastle. This brought to an end an important chapter in the development and growth of a steel industry in Australia. This paper places the decision by BHP into historical perspective, and analyzes the factors involved in the closure in terms of technological and market changes. The paper argues that although the plant saw significant improvements in productivity through workplace reform in the 1980s, these on their own, in the absence of complementary investments in technology and market development, were not sufficient to save the plant.


Palm navigator is a shareware program that is designed to help import an XML/Topic-Map onto a PDA, and to enable navigation, jumping from one topic to another as easily a Web surfing.


Abstract: Marriage aims to achieve the happiness of family members. The phenomenon of inter-sectional marriage between Sunnis and Shiites 60% occurin the Bondowoso Arabian Community. Although between the two sects there are differences in Sunni and Shia teachings which can be said to be very much different. One of them is a matter of perspective from aqidah but they can undergo differences in the family. If in the difference disputes and tensions occur in the family so the marriage is not done. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Bondowoso has a different opinion from the response of the Central Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) to the Shiite groups in Bondowoso on the grounds so that the people in Bondowoso are safe and secure. Concerned that the Bondowoso community is in conflict between two groups.


High-temperature reactors with pebble bed modules (HTR-PM) are designed to operate over wide conditions, which presents challenges to model-based optimization and control. The main difficulty lies in the fact that an accurate model applicable to the full operating region is usually unavailable. In order to implement significant load changes for HTR-PM, iterative strategies are developed to deal with plant-model mismatch. The model, embedded with a parameter mapping from the plant status to the model characteristics, is determined not only by parameter updates on a refined subset which ensures reliable estimation but also by parameter sensitivities to enhance the ability on prediction. On the basis of such a model, we design algorithms centered on trust-region concepts, so that input corrections allowed at each iteration are determined adaptively through rigorous optimization. Moreover, the underlying model is updated adaptively to maintain a sufficiently accurate approximation to the plant. The proposed o...


In commercial zinc operations, sphalerite (Zn,Fe)S concentrates are roasted in air to produce a ZnOrich calcine; the Fe in the sphalerite is converted mostly to ZnFe2O4. The calcine is treated in sulphuric acid media to dissolve the Zn, but the associated Fe also dissolves. The solubilized Fe is commonly precipitated as a jarosite-type compound KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 or hematite Fe2O3 [1,2]. In current industrial practice, both the jarosite and hematite residues are sent to disposal sites. Although the jarosite process is more commonly used, jarosite precipitates are voluminous and require an extensive containment area [3]. The hematite process is more costly, but produces a compact, more stable material for disposal; furthermore, hematite precipitates have some market potential [4]. The hematite precipitates commonly contain 0.3-1.0 % Zn, 5-10 % SO4 and 3-6 % H2O, impurities that presently restrict the use of the hematite residues. Consequently, a study was carried out, using multiple analytical techniques, to determine the compositions, microstructures and impurity forms of the hematite precipitates. The overall objective was to enhance the utilization of the hematite precipitates, thereby lessening the environmental impact of iron residue disposal.


Being an interdisciplinary subject of technology and management, IE (Industrial Engineering) deals with the optimization of complex system and process, and has its particular academic characteristic and feature. In the past thirty years, it has been widely applied in many fields of national economy and public administration of China. This paper presents the continuous educational reform and distinctive practice of high-level and innovative talents training system on IE major for undergraduates in GDUT (Guangdong University of Technology). Finally, this paper introduces the satisfied results of these reformations. Keywords-industrial engineering; educational reform; college-enterprise union mode; curricular system


Significant energy savings can be expected by bioclimatic rehabilitations of inherited building stock. In this paper different rehabilitation measures are analyzed and review of a few successful bioclimatic rehabilitations accomplished in Sweden is given.


The invention discloses a quick-response liquid crystal composition which comprises 1-80% of component A composed of dielectric positive compounds disclosed as general formula I and general formula II, 1-80% of component B disclosed as general formula III, 1-80% of component C disclosed as general formula IV, 0-30% of component D disclosed as general formula V, and component E disclosed as general formula VI. Besides, an optical rotation compound, which accounts for 0-1.0 wt% of the liquid crystal composition, is also added. The quick-response liquid crystal composition disclosed by the invention has the advantages of moderately high positive dielectric anisotropy, wide nematic phase range, very high charge retentivity, low power consumption, low rotary viscosity, quick response time and appropriate optical anisotropy, is suitable for active matrix and passive matrix electro-optic elements and liquid crystal displays, and can be used for manufacturing quick-response TFT-LCDs (thin film transistor-liquid crystal displays).


The herbal medications cannot be considered absolutely safe and the unregulated domestic use of herbal medications can have potential life
threatening side effects. A 29 year old male presented in emergency department of PGIMS,Rohtak in an intubated status with pancreatitis with
MODS. The main etiology was uncertain even till the end. This case report emphasizes on the need of the hour is to educate the common people
regarding the safety of herbal medication . Herbal medication can lead to life threatening consequences if taken outside the permissible limits.


N ail-gun injuries are becoming increasingly common. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that from 2001 to 2005 nearly 37,000 people were treated in emergency departments for nail-gunYrelated injuries. Between 1991 and 2005, the number of consumer nail-gun injuries nearly tripled. Patients with nail-gun injuries are predominantly male (98.5%), and a median age range of 25 to 29 years has been reported. Intracranial nail-gun injury represents a relatively uncommon subset of this type of trauma, representing less than 0.1% of nail-gun injuries reported in the industrial literature. Historically, intracranial nail-gun injury has been associated with favorable outcomes. A single patient with as many as 12 intracranial nails has been reported with minimal neurologic impairment after treatment. There have been, however, occasional reports of catastrophic outcomes after nail-gun injury including focal neurologic impairment and death. Some series have estimated mortality rates as high as 25%. Penetrating head trauma has been associated with meningitis, brain abscess, and vascular injury. Cranial nail-gun injuries have been associated with suicide attempts in the literature (965%) as is the patient in the current series (42.5%). Several case reports and literature reviews have discussed the mental healthYrelated aspects of cranial nail-gun injury. To date however, there have been no reviews that address the diagnostic and management strategies used in the care of this unique subset of patients. This report will pay specific attention to condition of these patients at presentation, clinical outcomes, the use of angiography in their workup, and the choice of surgical strategy as documented in the literature.


2549 Background: Topotecan (TPT) is a substrate for efflux transporters of the ABC family. Erlotnib (E), a 4-aniloquinazole, inhibits ABCG2 at clinically achievable plasma concentrations. This phase I study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this combination of two active anticancer drugs with ABC transporter modulation capability and assess PK interactions. Methods: Escalating dose levels (DL) of 3 pt cohorts each of TPT IV at 0.75 mg/m2 (DL 1); 1.0 mg/m2 (DL 2); and 1.25 mg/m2 (DL 3); day 1 -5 q 21 day cycle. E was added on cycle 1, day 2 at 150 mg po daily continuously. Serial plasma samples were obtained pre and post TPT day 1, cycle 1 and day 1, cycle 2 or 3 and 24 hr urine samples were obtained after cycle 1 and cycle 2. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as G4 hematologic and/or G3/4 nonhematologic toxicities. Results: 23 enrolled pts included 4 ovarian, 4 colorectal, 4 sarcoma, 4 small cell lung, and 7 other tumors; 16 were Caucasian and 7 African American. Median ...


Torpedo′s target pursuit capability highly dependents on the design of high performance guidance law.In this paper,equations for 3D relative motion between torpedo and targets are built by using global coordinates.Variable structure theory is used to design a new torpedo nonlinear guidance law,and the convergence of the variable structure guidance law is validated.Simulation is conducted for target sine maneuver,and the result is compared with that of the H∞ guidance law.The comparison shows that the variable structure guidance law can help torpedo pursue target within shorter time,and the azimuth angle and pitching angle always keep around the initial values.Furthermore,the normal load doesn't increase with the decrease of the distance between torpedo and target.So,the present guidance law is ef-fective for torpedo pursuit with good robustness.


In the several hundred pages of the United States Pharmacopeia, USP 25-NF2, only a very short paragraph in chapter 41, Weights and Balances, actually indicates that the uncertainty of measurement may not exceed 0.1 % of the sample quantity when substances are weighed with the highest degree of accuracy for volume determination. However, this statement has farreaching significance for both the balance manufacturer and the user in the pharmaceutical industry. Particularly with small sample amounts (i.e., in the lower display range of a balance), the largest percentage of errors can be expected. Through its services and by including a new function in the GENIUS series of semi-micro- and analytical balances, Sartorius provides the user with optimal support in this regard.


We explore the role of final-state interactions (FSIs) in inclusive deep-inelastic scattering from the deuteron. Relating the inclusive cross section to the deuteron forward virtual Compton scattering amplitude, a general formula for the FSI contribution is derived in the generalized eikonal approximation, utilizing the diffractive nature of the effective hadron-nucleon interaction. The calculation uses a factorized model with a basis of three resonances with mass W<2 GeV and a continuum contribution for larger W as the relevant set of effective hadron states entering the final-state interaction amplitude. The results show sizeable on-shell FSI contributions for Bjorken x≳0.6 and Q2≲10 GeV^2, increasing in magnitude for lower Q2, but vanishing in the high-Q2 limit because of phase-space constraints. The off-shell rescattering contributes at x≳0.8 and is taken as an uncertainty on the on-shell result.


With his article "Redefining Work and Value for Writing Program Administration," Bruce Horner builds a crucial argument for the field: that to affect real change, we must change the terms of the conversation. Horner's work is a call to act; in his formulation, it is now time for us to change the terms of our own valuation. I agree, wholeheartedly. Horner illustrates how current discourses around writing program administration (WPA) "contribute to the debasement of both WPA work and the work of composition generally" (163). In Horner's analysis, we undermine ourselves not only by accepting but also by promoting the means through which we have allowed our worth to be evaluated by others. In teaching and in scholarship, those invested in the field of rhetoric and composition tend to exalt the collaborative, the social. And yet, Horner notes, we undermine those very principles when we "partici pate in commodifications of the work of composition that operate to the detriment of its value in the economies in which those commodities circulate" (163). Horner demonstrates our complicity through his analy sis of three types of WPA-centered discourse: a position statement on "Evaluating the Intellectual Work of Writing Administration" sponsored by the Council of Writing Program Administrators; posts to WPA-L, a


Objective To investigate the function mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) in neural repairation of neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Thirty 7-day-old rats were randomly divided into control group,HIBD group and HIBD+HBO group,with 10 rats in each.Bone morphogenetic protein-4(BMP-4)and nestin protein in the hippocampus were determined with immunohistochemical method while their messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA) were determined with in situ hybridization.Apoptosis of nerve cells was determined with TUNEL.Results Expression of BMP-4 and nestin protein in the hippocampus was the highest in HIBD+HBO group while their expression in HIBD group was lower than that in control group.Expression of BMP-4 and nestin mRNA in the hippocampus was the highest in HIBD+HBO group while their expression in HIBD group was lower than that in control group.Apoptosis of neural cells in HIBD group was the highest among the 3 groups while apoptosis of neural cells in HIBD+HBO group was lower than that in HIBD group(P0.01).Conclusion HBO plays a role in nerve reparation,probably by promoting expression of BMP-4 and nestin in the hippocampus and inhibiting apoptosis of neural cells.


An energy principle, involving a self-adjoint operator, and a sufficient condition for stability are derived for low-frequency kink perturbations of Astron-type particle rings in a dense plasma in the presence of an applied toroidal magnetic field.


The structural and magnetic properties of Fe/Au and Cr/Au monatomic multilayers with the tetragonal ordered structure in paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic states are studied by means of the self-consistent full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method. It is found that the ordered Fe/Au monatomic multilayer has a ferromagnetic ground state with an enhanced moment of of Fe. On the other hand, the ordered Cr/Au monatomic multilayer has an antiferromagnetic ground state with a large local moment of Cr. By total energy minimization, the lattice constants for their ground states are determined.


Gold nanostars are a new type of gold nanoparticles with tunable plasmonic properties used in laser-induced biomedical applications. We investigated the effect of nanosecond pulsed laser (1064 nm) on the photomodification of gold nanostars of various sizes using TEM and spectroscopy. Photomodification of gold nanostars strongly depends on the position of their plasmonic peak in the extinction spectrum.


"The Rules" are found in a collaborative document (started in March 2010) that states principles for responsibility when a computer artifact is designed, developed and deployed into a sociotechnical system. At this writing, over 50 people from nine countries have signed onto The Rules (<u>Ad Hoc Committee, 2010</u>). Unlike codes of ethics, The Rules are not tied to any organization, and computer users as well as computing professionals are invited to sign onto The Rules. The emphasis in The Rules is that both users and professionals have responsibilities in the production and use of computing artifacts. In this paper, we use The Rules to examine issues of trust.


This paper proposes video corpus analysis as a new approach to video handling. The purpose of this approach is to discover frequent and characteristic video expressions from a large amount of video data. A video corpus has been built and currently consists of about 180 hours of MPEG-2 encoded video data, automatically extracted characteristics, and manually tagged attributes. These data include shot boundaries, camera operations, transition time and types between shots, text appearance in video, and thumbnail video frame images. Various tools are developed to enter, analyze, and visualize the video data and attributes. This paper mentions early results; analysis of the video corpus using N-gram statistics of the frame images, probabilities of attributes, and distribution of text appearance timing, reveals some interesting video expressions and usages that can be adopted for video handling.


(75) Inventor: Lawrence Hakchu Lee, San Jose, CA (US) A method of fabricating a high energy radiation mask, Such as a laser ablation mask for manufacturing inkjet printheads, includes a multi-stage evacuation proceSS and/or a step of reducing the deposition rate of Silicon dioxide during for mation of a dielectric Stack. When the multi-stage evacua tion procedure is combined with the slower deposition rate of Silicon dioxide, the resulting mask has a Surprisingly low defect density. In the first embodiment, the evacuation procedure is initiated using a low-rate first evacuation con nection. The relatively slow purging of a vacuum chamber in which the dielectric Stack is Subsequently formed controls (73) Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc., Palo Alto, CA (US)


The development of tools for a multi-microrobot manipulating system prototype to handle cells and biomolecules is proposed. The system will be based on a cluster (5 to 10) of small (cm3) mobile autonomous robots. The proposed system comprises several essential subsystems such as a global positioning system to provide accurate position information of each microrobot, advanced manipulating tools and a wireless power supply unit. It also includes user interfaces as well as systems for transporting objects into and out of the working range of the robots. Additional bio-handling arms must be integrated on the robots. Actuators for the positioning and moving of cells must be compatible with their living conditions. The application of non-uniform electric fields to non-charged particles suspended in aqueous medium produces a force over the particle due to the induced dipole moment.


In this paper, we propose a novel static hand gesture recognition method, which is based on a new Support Vector Machine (abbreviated as SVM) classifier. SVM is a classification method based on Statistics Theory. Typical SVMs can be sufficient to deal with small scale datas, but these methods cause a lot of computation in quadratic programming while dealing with non-linear problems. SVM combined with MEB (minimum enclosing ball) is a powerful tool. It reduces the massive computation and also can separate all kinds of vectors in a hyperspace efficiently. First and foremost, image segmentation must be done before hand gesture recognition. We adopt mean shift, which is using skin color for the image feature. Finally using MEB-SVM to classify gestures, and achieve the aim of recognition.


Titanate layered oxide intercalated with hydrated Eu 3+ was synthesized by the electrostatic self-assembly deposition (ESD) method. The emission intensity of Eu 3+ decreased rapidly with time during irradiation by UV light having energy higher than the band gap energy of the host Ti 1.81 O 4 (TiO) layer. This is presumably due to the decrease in energy transfer from the host TiO layer to Eu 3+ as a result of the change in the hydration state of water molecules surrounding Eu 3+ , which is caused by the hole produced in the TiO valence band. When irradiation was discontinued, the emission intensity gradually recovered. The recovery time increased when the water in the interlayer is removed by heat treatment. This indicates that the state of interlayer water changes during irradiation and returns to its initial state after discontinuation of irradiation. The excitation spectra changed drastically at any given wavelength upon irradiation with UV light. A comparison of the excitation spectra before and after irradiation reveals that only the excitation peak at around the irradiation wavelength decreased upon irradiation, as in the case of spectral hole burning. The hydration state of water molecules surrounding Eu 3+ presumably changes depending on the irradiation wavelength.


Welcome to Perth and the 12th Australasian User Interface Conference, the forum for user interface researchers and practitioners at the Australasian Computer Science Week 2011. AUIC provides an opportunity for user interface researchers in the areas of HCI, CSCW, and pervasive computing to meet with colleagues and with other computer scientists, and aims to strengthen the community of researchers in Australasia.


This paper presents a new set of type curves used in a well-test analysis for homogeneous reservoirs with wellbore storage and skin effects. When the pressure/pressure-derivative ratio (PDR) is used as a parameter in constructing the type curves, the vertical scales on both type-curve and field-data plots are identical. This automatic alignment of the vertical scale makes the new type curves easier to match and, subsequently, easier to use in the computer-aided analysis. The paper concludes that use of the new type curves reduces the uniqueness problem in pressure-transient type-curve matching, identifies the flow regimes effectively, and gives greater confidence in the results. A new method to correct the pressure buildup when drawdown type curves are used in radial-flow wells is also proposed. Two example applications, one with a long producing time and one with a short producing time before shut-in are included to demonstrate the use of these type curves.


Rehabilitation exercises aim to help the elderly recover their deteriorating capabilities. Due to the advance in multimedia technologies, rehabilitation exergames are emerging and become more accessible for the elderly. Most existing exergames cannot adapt to specific individual's capabilities. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic based computational personenvironment fit model to bridge this gap. As such, unprofessional personnel who are in charge of the assignments of the exergame sessions, such as volunteers in community centres, may learn the usefulness of the particular exergames to the individual elderly. We also provide case studies to analyze the adaptive level of three exergames for five elder Singaporeans to illustrate the application of our proposed model.


This thesis explores the spectrum of states charged under global and gauge symmetries in String Theory, and the constraints that they pose on specific phenomenological models. On one hand, we use supercritical theories (those with more than 10 or 26 dimensions) to embed discrete gauge symmetries of the critical theory into continuous ones in a supercritical extension, and use this description to construct the associated charged objects. Supercritical string theories are related to the usual critical ones via a process of closed-string tachyon condensation. This picture can be extended to construct several other objects as solitons of the supercritical tachyon, such as the NS5-brane in the heterotic theory or the C2/Z2 orbifold in type II theories. In both cases, we unveil a real K-theory structure in the supercritical theory which allows us to classify and construct the the topologically protected solitons of the theory. A supercritical perspective on Gauged Linear Sigma Models and some connections to Matrix Factorizations are pointed out. We also discuss the constraints on large field inflation models coming from gravitational instantons in the effective field theory. These instantons are related to and motivated by the Weak Gravity Conjecture, which demands the existence of light charged objects in any gauge theory consistently coupled to quantum gravity. We constrain both single and multiple axion models of inflation, and these constraints make the obtention of parametrically large axion field ranges very difficult. We highlight a simple loophole to these arguments which however requires the strong form of the Weak Gravity Conjecture to be false. Finally, we solve some issues of the relaxion proposal as a solution to the hierarchy problem by embedding it in an axion monodromy setup. Generically, in monodromic models there are membranes which may mediate transitions between the branches of the potential. These can be dangerous to the relaxion proposal, depending on the precise value of the tension of the membranes. The WGC provides an upper bound for this tension, in such a way that the membrane constraints are sufficient to rule out the simplest versions of the relaxation mechanism. We also provide the first steps towards an embedding of the relaxion proposal in D-brane models.


FIELD: medicine; pharmacology. SUBSTANCE: invention claims application of starches substituted by quarterly ammonium groups with substitution degree of 0.4 to 3.0 with the help of a linker, in infection diseases treatment. Suppression of 1 type herpes virus replication by the claimed starches is demonstrated, in comparison to zero antivirus effect of non-modified starches. Minimal inhibiting concentration for staphylococci and mycobacteria is 5-60 g/l. EFFECT: efficient infection disease treatment by the claimed starches. 5 cl, 7 tbl


positions and some oxygen positions are maintained in a rotation of 90° about the c axis, the twinning results only in a difference in the remaining oxygen distribution, producing a random instead of an ordered arrangement. While a truly tetragonal phase may exist, our results suggest that it is very easy to identify a twinned orthorhombic crystal a s this tetragonal phase. It is grafitying that our minute crystal is representative of the bulk polycrystalline specimen. We have found the powder pattern simulation to be a valuable adjunct to the single-crystal study. Although our results support the structure proposed by the neutron diffraction study, there are some important differences in the occupancies of the oxygen sites. In this study three of the four oxygen positions are fully occupied, with the fourth, 0 (1) , only 72% occupied. In the neutron diffraction study two oxygen sites were partially occupied: O( 1) at 92% and O(4) at 95%. This may point out the importance that sample history has on the distribution of oxygen in such materials, without significantly affecting the stoichiometry. The composition of our material is Ba2YCu306,, compared to Ba2YC~306,81 from the neutron data. The unusual thermal parameters obtained for the partially occupied oxygen positions in both this X-ray study and the neutron structure should be noted. This is the only site in the structure where there seems to be substantial anisotropy in the thermal motions, with the biggest deviations along the a axis, toward the unoccupied oxygen site. The existence of both Cu3+ and Cu2+ in this material can be deduced from the stoichiometry of the material and a consideration of the charge balance. Since it has been proposed that this influences the high-temperature superconductivity of the material,8 we have examined the observed electron density about the copper sites in order to try to verify the existence of the two oxidation states of the Cu. There is a 10% lower integrated density about Cu(1) than Cu(2). Cu(2) has a more regular square-planar arrangement of oxygens, with a fifth long bond of 2.350 (14) A, and thus appears to be similar to a common Cu2+ configuration. The arrangement of the four oxygen atoms about Cu( 1) is distorted, involving short Cu(1)-0(2) distances of 1.815 (14) A. This, combined with the lower electron density, is suggestive that the Cu( 1) site might contain at least a partial occupancy by Cu3+.


Abstract Stock market average returns and Sharpe ratios are significantly higher on days when important macroeconomic news about inflation, unemployment, or interest rates is scheduled for announcement. The average announcement-day excess return from 1958 to 2009 is 11.4 basis points (bp) versus 1.1 bp for all the other days, suggesting that over 60% of the cumulative annual equity risk premium is earned on announcement days. The Sharpe ratio is 10 times higher. In contrast, the risk-free rate is detectably lower on announcement days, consistent with a precautionary saving motive. Our results demonstrate a trade-off between macroeconomic risk and asset returns, and provide an estimate of the premium investors demand to bear this risk.


The Drug Court of NSW commenced sittings at the Downing Centre on 14 February 2013. The Drug Court Regulation 2010 was amended from 7 January 2013 to enable referrals to be made before the opening date, thereby creating a group of potential participants to start working with from day one.


The paper presents a systematic approach for designing a radial basis function (RBF) network based adaptive power system stabilizer using orthogonal least squares learning algorithm. The training patterns are generated over a wide range in machine real/reactive power output and terminal voltage using linearized model of the system. Investigations reveal that the required number of RBF centers heavily depend on the spread factor /spl beta/ and tolerance expressed as sum of squared errors. Studies reveal that the dynamic performance of the system with radial basis function network adaptive power system stabilizer (RBFAPSS) is superior to that with a conventional PSS. Moreover, RBFAPSS provides optimum performance for a wide range in loading conditions and large perturbations.


Silicon shallow trenches applied to the shallow trench isolation of integrated circuits were etched using planar inductively coupled Cl2 and HBr/Cl2 plasmas and the effects of process parameters such as gas combination, inductive power, and bias voltage on etch rates, selectivities, and etch profiles of silicon trenches were investigated. Also, the physical damages on the trench bottom and sidewall in Cl2 and HBr/Cl2 plasmas were studied using cross-sectional high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The increase of inductive power and bias voltage in Cl2 and HBr/Cl2 plasmas increased polysilicon etch rates in general, but reduced the etch selectivity over nitride. In case of Cl2 plasmas, low inductive power and high bias voltage showed an anisotropic trench etch profile, and the addition of oxygen or nitrogen to chlorine also increased the etch anisotropy. The use of pure HBr plasmas showed a positively angled etch profile and the addition of Cl2 to HBr improved the etch profile more vert...


The role of this and many other journals in building a sound evidence base for policy and practice continues to be vitally important. Despite long engagement with, and debate about, the contested notion of evidence, calls from the field for 'doing it better' continue. One of the latest was from the European Social Network's 22nd annual European Social Services Conference in Rome in July this year, where a cluster of interventions under the theme 'Developing an evidence-based approach in social services' http://www.esn-eu.org/ news/tag-17/498/index.html led to debate and discussion on rethinking social policy, improving capacity for evaluation and tools to measure impact and generating stronger partnerships between research organisations and social services. As researchers and as the publishers of our research, we share responsibility in this endeavour. Many of the papers in this journal provide evidence to inform policy development and practice interventions. They show how social problems can be conceptualised and addressed, how we can both think and act in our sphere of influence. So I encourage all of us, whether as authors or as readers, to give thought to the wider implications of what we write and read, to identify how (in however modest a way) we might be making that contribution to policy and practice initiatives that are well informed and well grounded in the evidence that our work generates. The papers in this collection illustrate this well, and many can be seen to share common themes. Five papers work in some way with the notion of borders—either national or professional. We start with three cross-national studies on differing topics. Marina Lalayants, Mark Doel and Iago Kachkachishvili explore the teaching of international social work in three contexts—the USA, the UK and Georgia—giving particular attention to students' perspectives that suggested the need to emphasise real-life examples of international social work in practice. In another cross-national study, Tarja Pösö, Marit Skivenes and Anne-Dorthe Hestbæk investigate the connections between child protection systems and the welfare state model in Finland, Denmark and Norway, suggesting that the family-oriented logic of universal services may ignore the diversity of needs, rights and risks that become apparent through a more child centric lens. And in a third study, which spans two counties—France and Sweden—Berth Danermark, Ulrika Englund, Per Germundsson and Pierre Ratinaud used 'free association' methods to understand and compare the social representations that are held about social workers by teachers, linking their findings to significant differences in the two countries in how the occupational roles of the two professions are conceived. Veronica Svard continues with this notion of disciplinary boundaries in her exploration of social workers' assessment processes relating to children at risk in the context of interprofessional hospital teams. She identifies institutional norms that build on different knowledge systems, linking these to the ways in which social workers locate themselves in the interprofessional team, and raising questions for the professionalism of social work in the hospital context. Our final paper under the 'borders' theme is that by Paolo Rossi and Mara Tognetti Bordogna, who indeed use the word in the title of their European Journal of Social Work, 2014 Vol. 17, No. 4, 453–454, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2014.949894


Water reuse is one promising method to reduce wastewater from several sources in chemical industry: Utilities and Processes. Moreover, water reuse can also recover valuable product leaving with waste streams. The objective of this work is to minimize the freshwater flowrate throughout the system and find out the optimum water network. A mass integration for segregation, mixing, reusing, and direct recycle is set up to solve the water-wastewater problem as a whole plant concept. Discharged water from each unit as well as the fresh feed are considered as sources of water, whereas units that accept water are considered as sinks. In this model, it embeds all potential configurations by allowing each source to be segregated, mixed, allocated to other units, and returned back to the process. This set of allocation equation is then combined with the process constraints and solved as an optimization problem to target minimum freshwater feed into the system and design the water network simultaneously. This optimization problem is formulated as a Non-Linear Programming (NLP) and solved by the highlevel modeling language GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System). Finally, a cases study of tapioca starch is implemented. A 13.22% reduction of freshwater usage is obtained.


In the 1949 MGM musical Take Me Out to the Ball Game, Gene Kelly and Frank Sinatra play Eddie O'Brien and Dennis Ryan, two of the "Three Musketeers of the bat and ball": a turn-of-the-20th-century Tinker-to-Evers-to-Chance-inspired double-play combination. O'Brien and Ryan star for the Wolves, baseball's world champions, but they also are headliners in another venue. They are hoofers who pass each winter touring in vaudeville-a genre that enjoyed considerable popularity in North America from the 1880s through early 1930s.Vaudeville shows were live, family-oriented entertainments consisting of separate, disparate acts: comedians and dancers; monologists and singers; acrobats and animal acts; musicians and magicians; and actors appearing in short plays or scenes from plays. In its heyday, vaudeville was a prime leisure-time outlet for America's working and middle class. In 1940, historian Douglas Gilbert described it as "the national relaxation. To the Palace, the Colonial, the Alhambra, the Orpheum, the Keith circuit and chain variety houses, N.Y. to L.A., we flocked, vicariously to don the false face, let down our back hair, and forget." He added that "vaudeville is an important chapter, not only of the stage, but of Americana."Within the context of Take Me Out to the Ball Game, the vaudeville exploits of O'Brien and Ryan may seem like outlandish fantasy, conjured up by a Hollywood screenwriter to allow Kelly and Sinatra an opening to entertain moviegoers. Nonetheless, their offseason careers are founded in fact. Particularly during the first two decades of the 20th century, countless major leaguers passed their falls and winters touring in vaudeville.Such appearances were understandable, given the economics of the era. One hundred years ago, major leaguers did not have high-powered agents and multimillion-dollar contracts. It was a "my way or the highway" age, during which ballplayers had to settle for the wages offered by their employers.Even though they might grab newspaper headlines for their on-field exploits and were famous within the realm of baseball fandom, most professional ballplayers were uneducated blue-collar types who earned as much as (or barely more than) the average American workingman. "We played for practically nothing," Chief Meyers, who caught in the major leagues between 1909 and 1917, told Lawrence Ritter in the 1960s. "My top was about six thousand dollars. Matty [Christy Mathewson, Meyers' legendary battery mate] never made more than about eight. Well-that was the way it was then."To augment their income, ballplayers spent their offseasons toiling in factories, driving trucks, sorting mail in post o[double dagger]ces, or running small businesses. Some-primarily the headline-makers-could market their fame by appearing in vaudeville. Your average hurler or flyhawk might not have been endowed with the voice of Enrico Caruso or Al Jolson, the comic timing of Smith & Dale, or the ability to spin a rope and a yarn as deftly as Will Rogers. Let us say he did possess an agreeable singing voice or the ability to recount funny stories, and did not succumb to stage fright. Then, instead of earning dollars by laboring on an assembly line or behind a counter, he might become a vaudeville headliner.A star ballplayer easily could surpass his baseball earnings in vaudeville. A top-line big leaguer might take home several thousand dollars per week by trodding the boards. In 1910, Mathewson reportedly was paid a weekly sum of $1,000 for a four-month-long run of a skit titled "Curves," in which he appeared with Meyers and actress-writer May Tully. "Curves," which lasted a half-hour and was penned by sportswriter Bozeman Bulger, was set at the Polo Grounds and consisted of the players demonstrating their baseball skills and Tully (cast as a passionate fan) teaching them how to comport themselves onstage. In 1912, John McGraw earned $2,500 per week (according to some reports, it was $3,000) for performing a monologue titled "Inside Baseball. …