A current decomposition method is proposed for the analysis of field coupling to mass wires near complex structures. The foremost attribute of the method is the decomposition of the current on each wire into push-pull and push-push mode currents. The former refers to the perturbation current accounting for the interactions among the wires within the bundle, whereas the latter represents the interactions between the mass wire bundle and the surrounding structure. Multiconductor transmission line theory is employed to compute the push-pull mode current by using one of the wires in the bundle as the return/reference conductor. Current induced on a test wire located along the reference line is used to compute the push-push mode. For this analysis, we employed the method of moments for the electromagnetic analysis of surrounding structure and simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE)-like simulators for the analysis of a circuit model of the transmission lines extracted via the partial element equivalent circuit method. Several validation examples (including transmission lines inside an automobile) are presented. It is also shown that the traditional transmission line theory based on quasi-static analysis fails with increasing complexity of the surrounding structure.


We show the existence of a nonzero graded form on a Lie torus by the existence of a nonzero graded form on a structurable torus. This gives a simple characterization of the core of an extended affine Lie algebra (EALA). Namely, the core of any EALA is a Lie torus, and any centreless Lie torus is the centreless core of some EALA. We also show that a graded form on a Lie torus is unique up to scalars.


The present invention relates to a capacitive transducer for the amplifier circuit, such as small electret or condenser microphone. This amplifier circuit comprises bias control means to improve the settling of the amplifier circuit. Another aspect of the invention relates to a miniature condenser microphone and a monolithic (monolithic) integrated circuit including an amplifier circuit according to the present invention. The present invention provides an amplifier circuit having improved performance by solving the conventional contradictory requirements is to offer a fast settling of the amplifier circuit and maintain a larger input resistance of the amplifier circuit in order to optimize the amplifier noise performance of the amplifier circuit.


Jørgensen, C.B. (1992): Growth and reproduction. In: Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians, p. 439-466. Feder, M.E., Burggren, W.W., Eds, Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Kellner, A., Green, D.M. (1995): Age structure and age at maturity in Fowler's toads, Bufo woodhousii fowleri, at their northern range limit. J. Herpetol. 29: 485-489. Marquez, R., Esteban, M., Castanet, J. (1997): Sexual size dimorphism and age in the Midwife toads Alytes obstetricans and A. cisternasii. J. Herpetol. 31: 52-59. Pough, F.H., Andrews, R.M., Cadle, J.E., Crump, M., Savitzky, A.H., Wells, K.D. (1998): Herpetology. New Jersey, Prantice-Hall Inc. Ryser, J. (1988): Determination of growth and maturation in the common frog, Rana temporaria, by skeletochronology. J. Zool. London 216: 673-685. Saidapur, S.K., Gramapurohit, N.P., Shanbhag, B.A. (2003): Intrapopulation variation in body size and age at metamorphosis in the bicolored frog, Rana curtipes (Jerdon). Amphibia-Reptilia 24: 100-104. Shine, R. (1979): Sexual selection and sexual size dimorphism in the amphibia. Copeia 1979: 297-306. Talavera, R. (1989): Evolución de Pelobatidae y Pelodytidae (Amphibia: anura): morfología y desarrollo del sistema esquelético. Unpubl. Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Complutense, Madrid. Tucker, J.K. (1995): Early post-transformational growth in the Illinois chorus frog (Pseudacris streckeri illinoensis). J. Herpetol. 29: 314-316. Werner, E.E. (1986): Amphibian metamorphosis: Growth rate, predation risk, and the optimal size at transformation. Am. Nat. 128: 319-341.


Marketing is the front-end strategy of firms to communicate the value of their products or services to customers; therefore, innovations in marketing have tremendous value in comparison to the whole innovation strategy of firms. The emergence of social network services (SNSs) as a dominant communication platform among firms and users provides an opportunity to evaluate the innovativeness of a firm's marketing strategy. With an analysis of Twitter data, the study indicates how users react to content from different profile types. This result could inspire firms and the social media strategists of companies to diversify their content over multiple user profiles.


Abstract : A system to measure the non-steady velocities in the model rotor wake was modified to provide velocity data in a form more useful to the user of the data. Hot wire angle parameters were modified so as to provide better correlations by using cosine law in place of the usual K-squared technique common in hot-wire anemometry. The results of the non-steady measurements were presented in the form of motion pictures of the non-steady computer generated vector plots. (Author)


It is in the metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile, specifically in "Cajon Del Rio Maipo", the territory where the "Alto Maipo Hydroelectric Project" (PHAM) has been built since 2008. Since that year the Citizen Coordinator of the Maipo Rivers (hereinafter the coordinator) leads a socio-environmental conflict against this project, and warns about the threats to the ecosystem of the River basin and the quality and availability of water for Santiago. In the field of anthropology, as well as in other disciplines, the interest in the ways in which people relate to the environment is not new, from classical ethnography and using tools to know the interaction in virtual social networks, the ways in which the #NoAltoMaipo movement communicated threats from their environmental perspective were analyzed; in which and why has emphasized complaints about the installation of PHAM. This case was and is an invitation to the reflection of human relationships with each other, but above all with nature.


The present descriptive, comparative, observative and cross-sectional research study aimed to determine and compare the hardness, compressive strength and dimensional stability of the most national commercialized type IV dental stones, for which 8 cylindrical samples of each type IV dental stone were used to test the hardness, and 8 rectangular samples to test the compressive strength and dimensional stability.
The hardness was tested using the Identec universal durometer, performing three indentations on each sample. The compressive strength was tested using the Instron 8801 Universal Testing System at a speed of 2 mm/min until each sample breaks; and the dimensional stability was tested measuring the initial volume and final volume of each sample after two hours, respectively.
The results obtained from the hardness of dental stones did not achieve the average standards established by the ADA. As for the compressive strength, all the dental stones achieved the standards established by the ADA and its producers. Regarding the dimensional stability, only 28.56% of the dental stones achieved the standards established by the ADA and its producers. There were major differences between all the dental stones in terms of hardness, compressive strength and dimensional stability (p > 0.05)


The rate constants of solvolysis of phenyl N-phenyl phosphoramidochloridate (PhNHPO(Cl)OPh, Target Compound-TC1) have been determined by a conductivity method. The solvolysis rate constants of TC1 are well correlated with the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation, using the NT solvent nucleophilicity scale and YCl solvent ionizing scale, and sensitivity values of 0.85 ± 0.14 and 0.53 ± 0.04 for l and m, respectively. These l and m values were similar to those obtained previously for the complex chemical substances dimethyl thiophosphorochloridate; N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldiamidophosphorochloridate; 2-phenyl-2-ketoethyl tosylate; diphenyl thiophosphinyl chloride; and 9-fluorenyl chloroformate. As with the five previously studied solvolyses, an SN2 pathway is proposed for the solvolyses of TC1. For four representative solvents, the rate constants were measured at several temperatures, and activation parameters (∆H ≠ and ∆S ≠ ) were estimated. These activation parameters are also in line with the values expected for an SN2 reaction.


Technology had enabled many adult to pursue their education. However, technology changes in terms of type and accessing had caused "digital divide" (DD) to exist among students of all ages. In this paper, issues which should be incorporated in measuring digital divide for adult learners are discussed. The issues which are discussed in this paper are age, gender and income. Why these issues should be included in evaluating DD are examined.


A method to evaluate the surface free energy in pattern structure, of chemical vapor deposited dense and ultra low-@k (ULK) SiOCH dielectric films, is presented. Therefore dense and ultra low-@k films were treated by different post ash plasma processes. This films were characterized using Auger electron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. For both material systems a correlation between the amount of surface near carbon and the surface free energy was found, independent on the plasma chemistry used. The range of the surface roughness is very small and does not have a strong impact on the surface free energy. The correlation model can be applied for pattern structures. After measuring the carbon concentration at the side walls by methods like TEM-EELS or other the model provides the polar and dispersive part of the surface free energy. Having the surface free energy, contact angle of different liquids on or in pattern structures can be calculated. Hence, the wetting behavior and the probability of pattern collapse can be predicted, which is essential to select an appropriate chemical for cleaning and other wet chemical based processes.


Taking the database"web of science"which belongs to Thomson Reuters Group and China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database of CNKI as source,this research analyses papers of which subject is"sharing"and under the category of information and library science until 2011.We investigate the development history of information sharing from different angles,including periodical distribution,subject distribution,author unit distribution and trend of subject.And then we analyze the current status of the information sharing and get the conclusions.


To investigate the coupling between sound production and wall vibration in composite tubes of variable cross section, a set of composite cones with varying wall material and thickness was manufactured and tested experimentally. The approach undertaken was to optimize the relationship between cross sectional radial vibrations and structural stiffness. Employing Webster's variation of the wave equation as a basis for a theoretical analysis, a second generalized equation was derived to include the effects of surface vibrations onto the standing wave pattern in the composite tube. Methods for solving this differential equation analytically are discussed, as are assumptions to arrive at a general solution for the natural frequency mode and shapes.
 The focus of the experimental research was to produce such composite cones, excite standing waves in the cones at particular frequencies, and record the acoustic radiation and the corresponding wall oscillations for each. Carbon, Kevlar and wood veneer were chosen as materials for the composite. To reduce the influence of other factors that effect acoustical properties, each cone was laid up over a single mold. In addition, pre-impregnated fabrics were used to insure a consistent volume fraction, and the sinusoidal source and mechanical procedures were held constant.
 The results suggest that composite tubes of variable cross section can be designed to obtain a coupling between the standing wave and wall vibrations to produce a specific sound quality.


The three basic components of an Illinois-designed WIM (weigh in motion) facility are described. This consists of deceleration length, signal zone, and deceleration and storage lengths. Desirable layouts are described, as well as signage. The implementation of the system is also desribed. It is noted that ramp arrangements that negate pedestrian/vehicle interaction are superior designs. Locations of scales and signals that permit a viewing time of 6 seconds at a controlled speed of 30 mph are desirable. The ramp alignment preceding the divergence should provide equal widening or favor the bypass lane with a tangent alignment. These and other recommendations are discussed.


A concept of a modulated one-dimensional photonic-crystal (PC) structure is introduced as a back reflector for thin-film solar cells. The structure comprises two PC parts, each consisting of layers of different thicknesses. Using layers of amorphous silicon and amorphous silicon nitride a reflectance close to 100% is achieved over a broad wavelength region (700–1300 nm). Based on this concept, a back reflector was designed for thin-film microcrystalline silicon solar cells, using n-doped amorphous silicon and ZnO:Al. Simulations show that the short-circuit current of the cell with a modulated PC back reflector closely resembles that of a cell with an ideal reflector.


The figure of Bartłomiej (Bartosz) Paprocki has long been of interest to various researchers, especially literary scholars and, although to a lesser degree, also to historians. The majority of the literary scholars have critically assessed not only his literary output, but also Paprocki as an individual. He was chastised for his ignorance, intellectual impairment, weakness of character, corruption, and sycophancy. These assessments resulted from his methodological shortcomings, but also from the scholars' focus on his literary achievements only, with little to no regard for the period Paprocki had lived in, and not to mention even basic, knowledge about his family and the vicissitudes of his life.


Efficient data collection is challenging task in distributed power generation network. Use of sophisticated remote metering data collection techniques using advanced communication channels is receiving significant attention recently. On the other hand intelligent agents are widely being used to develop autonomous applications and have emerged as an attractive approach in developing power system solutions. To collect data from remote generating units and relevant weather stations located in heterogeneous environment, we have developed an novel agent based model for efficient data collection The proposed model switches to appropriate and economical communication channel based upon availability to collect timely data from remote stations. This model has been applied to Pakistan WAPDA's generation network and has produced accurate and timely results.


This document dated August 24, 1826 is a record of past legal proceedings of the Creek Nation and the Five Tribes (Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole) concerning their criminal law. About twenty-two years earlier at Hickory Ground the nations met and decided to share responsibility in enforcing the laws and punishing wrong-doers. A second meeting took place at Tuckaubatchee (Tuckabatchee), and it was agreed that anyone who "spill(s) blood" must be punished and his property may be confiscated. If he resists, his house may be burned and the occupants and property destroyed. Another law (pronounced in council by William McIntosh) was passed, making it punishable by death for anyone to sell the Creek Nation's land without the consent of both the head chiefs and the council. The signatures of many important Creeks appear at the close of the document. William Bowles, Benjamin Hawkins, John Forbes, and Steven Folk are also mentioned.


High bimolecular recombination has been identified as a performance limiting parameter in organic solar cells. To counter this issue, we introduce a structured-junction device architecture for efficient photogeneration and extraction leading to power conversion efficiencies in excess of 6%.


Abstract VINCI is a language generation system which, given data files describing a natural language and a user's specification, generates utterances of the class the user has specified. The system, which is embedded in an editor environment, has been described in detail elsewhere. It can exercise control over the syntax, lexicon and morphology of the language, and to some extent, over semantics. On a suitable workstation, 'utterances' can contain picture and sound/voice output as well as written language. For its application to CALL, VINCI can generate clusters of related utterances. At the simplest end of the scale, these can be used for drill exercises where the student is given sentences and asked to carry out some operation. More elaborately, the lexicon can be used as a database to create a dialogue for language practice. In this paper, we explore a range of potential applications to second‐language learning, including approaches to intelligent detection of learner errors.


The experimental measurement and image processing methods are combined to study the visible light scattering characteristics from target in this paper. The Xenon lamp is utilized as a visible light source which incidence the target with rough surface and measure the characteristics of light scattering. The original experimental images must be obtained by light receiver and data gathering. The gray value is integrated in the target regions so that the whole visible light scattering characteristics have been analyzed. As a researching example, two kinds of bigger and smaller simple targets include clubs, cylinders and their combinations are discussed, which dimensional proportion of them is 1:2. The scale-model ratio of the backward light scattering from target is proportional to the square of dimensional scale. The important of our works is that the integral gray value can make known the illumination of the detected target, which is the important parameter in visible light detection. It is significance to detect the target in the applications with the visible light.


Background : In-stent thrombosis and re-stenosis are common in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) patients, and are signi fi cantly in fl uenced by the coronary stent under expansion. These complications can be detected by intra-vascular ultrasound (IVUS) which is not used routinely in daily practice, being expensive, time-consuming, and requires trained operators and laboratory staff. Aim : The aim of the study is to compared IVUS with stent boost (SB) imaging for the evaluation of the best stent deployment. Patients and methods : This study comprised 30 patients who underwent elective percutaneous coronary interventions with IVUS and SB and had chronic coronary artery disease with anatomical or functional evidence of ischemic coronary artery disease. Results : The result were: SB demonstrated favorable agreement to IVUS for MSD, which improved to ideal agreement when performed at a cutoff value of 76% for MSD/distal RLD, SB was capable of detecting ideal expansion in comparison to IVUS, having 100% sensitivity and 66.67% speci fi city ( P ¼ 0.005, AUC ¼ 0.808). Conclusion : SB demonstrated favorable agreement to IVUS for MSD, which improved to ideal agreement when performed.


COVID-19 vaccine uptake among 5–11-year-olds is significantly lower than that of the 12+ age group. Some parents may have decided against vaccinating their children for COVID-19; others may be undecided and may be seeking more information to support their decision. We aimed to assess the effect of a decision support tool on parents' level of decisional conflict, vaccine hesitancy, and intention to vaccinate. We conducted a single-arm, cross-sectional online pre-post intervention survey of parents from Victoria, Australia, who had not yet vaccinated their 5–11-year-old child for COVID-19. We measured change in decisional conflict, intention, and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines for children before and after viewing a decision support tool. We used logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with reduced decisional conflict. Between May and September 2022, 108 parents took part in the study. The tool reduced decision conflict in 25% (27/107) of parents, with reduced decisional conflict more likely among parents initially undecided about vaccinating, compared to parents who did not intend to vaccinate their child (OR, 12.58 95% CI 3.21 to 9.30). For most parents, hesitancy (83%, 90/108) and intention (89%, 96/108) remained the same. The decision support tool was modestly effective at reducing decisional conflict, particularly among undecided parents.


As market forces increasingly replace government controls, corporate governance is fast gaining prominence in business circles. Corporate governance is concerned with the way in which corporate entities are governed, as distinct from the way in which businesses within those companies are managed. The public sector units with important social responsibilities to fulfill other than make profits also come under the scanner because they use the taxpayers' money for their operations. The paper tries to explore the corporate governance problems of Indian public sector units. The paper is a theoretical review. PSUs in India constitutes a large part of business entities, but is often being criticized of inefficiency and improper governance. The paper makes an attempt to understand the reasons behind the failure to uphold proper governance of the PSUs in India. Few structural problems which hinder the proper functioning of corporate governance in public sector units of India are their conflicting objectives, excessive government interference, lack of managerial and commercial autonomy and lack of truly independent directors. Although Indian public sector units have certain unique characteristics, but it should work on the impediments' of corporate governance so that it could be removed and an accountable and transparent corporate governance structure can prevail.


A singular N-dimensional Roesser model and a singular N-dimensional general model of linear discrete systems are introduced. A method for the reduction of singular 2-D linear systems to equivalent singular 1-D systems with variable structure is presented. Conditions are established under which the singular 1-D systems having dynamics in different directions and connected in a feedback system. Solvability conditions for the singular Roesser model are given.<<ETX>>


A steam valve apparatus and steam turbine plant is provided to facilitate the maintenance of the steam valve apparatus and reduce pressure loss in opening the valve of the steam valve apparatus. A steam valve apparatus(21) comprises a main steam stop valve(1), a steam control valve(2), and a middle flow path(30) The steam control valve is arranged at the lower part of the main steam stop valve. The middle flow path is connected between the main steam stop valve and the steam control valve. The main steam stop valve comprises a first casing(31), a first valve body(32), and a first valve rod(37). The first casing comprises a first inlet part(33), a first outlet(34), and a first flow path(61). The steam control valve comprises a second casing(41), a second valve body(42), and a second valve rod(47). The second casing comprises a second inlet part(43), a second outlet(44), and a second flow path(71).


The study investigated digital literacy of university students as a pointer to use of library database e-resources in Nigeria. Two objectives and two hypotheses where formulated which are: Find out the relationship between digital literacy and use of library electronic resources, to find out the relationship between digital literacy of undergraduate students in federal university and their use of library electronic resources, there is no significant relationship between digital literacy of undergraduate students and their use of library electronic resources and there is no significant relationship between digital literacy of undergraduate students in Federal university and their use of library electronic resources. The design of the study is correlational survey. The population of this study is 18,862 undergraduate students who are registered library users of the three selected universities for this study. The sample for the study comprised one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven (1,887) undergraduate students. Purposive sampling was used to select one federal, state and private university in Edo state. Descriptive statistics (frequency count, percentages and pearson coefficient, weighted response average) was used to answer all the research questions and Pearson correlation was used in testing the hypotheses. The null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The decision rule was: reject null hypotheses if probability value (Sig-value) is less than 0.05, otherwise, do not reject null hypotheses. Findings show that … There is a significant low positive relationship between digital literacy of undergraduate students and their use of library electronic resources and there is a significant low positive relationship between digital literacy of undergraduate students in Federal university and their use of library electronic resources. Recommendations are… Orientation services should be organized for fresh students on how to effectively access the available electronic digital resources in the university. The orientation should be aimed at improving students' digital literacy and helping them to acquire the requite abilities needed to effectively use e-resources and librarians in Federal universities should guide students and other library visitor in the use of library electronic resources. Standby librarians should be allotted to the digital section of the library for such purpose.


Quantum technology, and especially quantum computing, is advancing rapidly. Our every-day secure communication infrastructure relies heavily on public key cryptography; unfortunately, many public key schemes are in fact insecure against quantum algorithms. Furthermore, adversaries who, today, capture information encrypted using classical key distribution systems, can wait and, as soon as quantum computers of sufficient power become available, they may decipher all previously captured information. While some new "post-quantum" public key systems are assumed to be secure against quantum computers, this is only an assumption and, even if the assumption remains valid, still results in systems that are less efficient for end-users than the more commonly used public key systems employed today. While the advent of quantum technology may seem detrimental to security, in fact, one may harness the power of quantum through quantum key distribution (QKD) for stronger security guarantees. Such QKD protocols allow two (or more) parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary. Perhaps surprising is that QKD technology is already here both experimentally and commercially. This tutorial serves as an introduction to basic QKD along with QKD technology from a practical perspective. Quantum communication is a highly interdisciplinary field of research and one of the goals of this article is to introduce a larger set of researchers and practitioners to its study in the hopes of furthering its progress and eventual wide-scale adoption.


The Portland Inn Project is a creative arts project for a community in Stoke-on-Trent that aims to achieve community cohesion, economic, social and cultural development by involving the community in the development of a pioneering community space, cultural hub and social enterprise. This is a collaborative delivery led by artists Anna Francis (Community Maker) and Rebecca Davies (The Oasis Social Club) and is supported by AirSpace Gallery, Appetite, My Community Matters, Arts Council England, Aziz Foundation and Stoke City Council.
In 2018, The Portland Inn Project delivered a public art programme, which first collaborated with Architects Baxendale, to co-build a temporary Community Hub with residents from the local area, and then to run a month long programme of activity, events and performances from that temporary building.
The project was funded by Arts Council England, and shortlisted for a RIBA Macewen Award (an award that recognises architecture for the common good.)


The study of human interactions is of central importance for understanding the behavior of individuals, groups and societies. Here, we observe the formation and evolution of networks by monitoring the addition of all new links and we analyze quantitatively the tendencies used to create ties in these evolving online affiliation networks. We first show that an accurate estimation of these probabilistic tendencies can only be achieved by following the time evolution of the network. For example, actions that are attributed to the usual friend of a friend mechanism through a static snapshot of the network are overestimated by a factor of two. A detailed analysis of the dynamic network evolution shows that half of those triangles were generated through other mechanisms, in spite of the characteristic static pattern. We start by characterizing every single link when the tie was established in the network. This allows us to describe the probabilistic tendencies of tie formation and extract sociological conclusions as follows. The tendencies to add new links differ significantly from what we would expect if they were not affected by the individuals' structural position in the network, i.e., from random link formation. We also find significant differences in behavioral traits among individuals according to their degree of activity, gender, age, popularity and other attributes. For instance, in the particular datasets analyzed here, we find that women reciprocate connections three times as much as men and this difference increases with age. Men tend to connect with the most popular people more often than women across all ages. On the other hand, triangular ties tendencies are similar and independent of gender. Our findings can be useful to build models of realistic social network structures and discover the underlying laws that govern establishment of ties in evolving social networks.


A novel compacting print planar monopole UWB antenna with two ultra narrow and closely space band-notched characteristics for low WLAN (5.15∼5.35GHz) and high WLAN (5.725∼5.825GHz) applications is presented. The antenna is one of the smallest UWB antenna found in the open literatures because of its overall size of 20×16 ×0.8(mm3). Especially, by employing two open-circuited stub pairs (OCSPs), dual-band-notched characteristics are achieved. The notched bands is ultra narrow of 0.26GHz and 0.18GHz, respectively, to suppress the interferences of lower and higher WLAN band just enough. And the space between two notched bands is 0.53GHz. These features make a good proof that OCSP could reject narrow bands in both antenna and BPF.


The effects of dietary L-ascorbic acid(AsA)on growth, accumulation of copper in tissues, and blood characteristics were investigated in rainbow trout. which had been exposed to a 0.035 ppm copper solution for 18 weeks. The copper contents in the liver and gills of rainbow trout fed on the AsA-supplemented diet significantly decreased, as compared to the contents in the rainbow trout fed on the AsA-free diet. There was a marked decrease in the concentration of AsA in the liver of rainbow troutmaintained on the AsA-free diet and in0.035 ppm copper solution. Die tary AsA supplementation also prevented the anaemia caused by copper accumulation.These find ings indicate that copper toxicity in rainbow trout is decreased by dietary AsA.


Ta2O5 films were deposited by dual ion beam sputtering method. The nanosecond laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) at different initial temperatures and time of the films was investigated by an in situ high temperature laser-induced damage testing platform. It was shown that, when the initial temperature increased from 298 K to 383 K, the LIDT at 1064 nm and 12 ns significantly decreased by nearly 14%. Then the LIDT at 1064 nm and 12 ns decreased slower with the same temperature increment. Different damage morphologies were found at different initial temperatures. At low initial temperatures, it was the defects-isolated damage while at high initial temperatures it was the defects-combined damage. The theoretical calculations based on the defect-induced damage model revealed that both the significant increase of the highest temperature and the duration contributed to the different damage morphologies. With the initial temperature being increased, the thermal-stress coupling damage mechanism transformed gr...


The feasibility of using 95Mo n.m.r. spectroscopy to monitor the environment of this nucleus in biochemical systems has been established by the observation of the binding of [MoO4]2– and [MoS4]2– to the protein bovine serum albumin.


The paper is concerned with stress transmission in and around the molecular ties which connect lamellae in many semicrystalline polymers. Assuming a continuum model, finite element calculations have been performed to investigate stresses and displacements for a cylindrical tie embedded in a sheath of lamellar crystal. Two specific cases were studied: the single-ended case where the tie enters the lamella from one side only, and the double-ended case where it passes right through the lamellar crystal. Elastic constants for crystalline polyethylene were assumed, and a variety of different geometries were investigated, corresponding to single-chain or multichain ties with sheaths of various diameters. The finite element study confirmed that the distance for stress diffusion from the tie into the lamellar sheath can be quite large, and that there are significant displacements due to tensile deformation of the tie within the crystal and shear deformation of the lamellar sheath. An interesting feature in the case of multichain ties is that tensile stress is concentrated around the outer surface of the tie. An analytical model is proposed, based upon shear lag theory. This model considers only the tensile stresses in the tie and the shear stresses in the sheath, and gives results which are fairly similar to those of the finite element calculations. Finally, the results of this study are applied to the problem of stress transmission in an oriented polymer having a lamellar structure. The main factors influencing stress transmission are: (i) the ratio G/E of the crystalline phase; (ii) the ratio of tie radius to lamellar crystal thickness; and (iii) the proportion of ties in the interface. By examining the range of values which (ii) and (iii) may take, it is concluded that the effective stiffness of intercrystalline ties can only be about 0.25 to 0.7 of the theoretical chain stiffness in most cases.


CVS has also observed in the setting of fibrosing mediastinitis, postradiation therapy, and malignancy. It is characterized by a slow, insidious onset of upper extremity pain and swelling. In the setting of central venous catheterization, CVS is associated with placement of indwelling intravascular devices in the subclavian vein, innominate vein, and the superior vena cava. The risk of stenosis is directly related to repeated and longer duration of catheterization, location in the subclavian vein, and catheterassociated infection.


Three platonic situations of reminiscence We take a reading of certain platonic locations which traditionally illustrate the appearance of a doctrine of reminiscence. The 'doctrine of reminiscence'- a pro- totype of epistemological apriorism and innatism- is dealt with mainly in the Meno, the Phaedo and the Phaedrus. If we diversify these appearances according to their dialogical situation what happens to the phenomenon of recall? It is placed against sloth, fear of diversion or as an attempt to move the calculation of the passive-loved one. It is the relations between what we could call the "common man", the "philo- sophical man" and the "various knowledgeable people" that can appear to be alte- red through an acute reading of Plato.


Indium oxide/n‐GaAs(110) interfaces fabricated by means of reactive evaporation of indium in the presence of oxygen onto ultrahigh vacuum cleaved GaAs(110) have been studied by means of Auger electron spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The results show that the growth of the indium oxide layers at room temperature under a wide range of oxygen pressures followed the Stransky–Krastanov model. In all cases the presence of In clusters at the interface was observed, and at the high‐pressure regime (∼ 1 × 10−4 Torr) some oxidation of the GaAs surface was noted as well. These results can be correlated to our earlier report [J. Appl. Phys. 69, 1494 (1991)] on the performance of diodes produced under high vacuum conditions.


Objective: To find out the relationship between vitamin D and lipid profile in patients with cardio metabolic syndrome. Methodology: This case control study was carried out in Endocrinology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex from January to April 2012 on fifty adult patients of cardio metabolic syndrome. Controls were gender and age matched relatives of patients. Blood pressure, waist circumference, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were recorded. Analysis of data was performed by SPSS version17. Results: A p value of <0.05 suggested a correlation of low vitamin D level with deranged lipid profile. Pearson correlation  for TG and HDL was -.225 and 0.207 respectively. Linear regression between vitamin D and lipids depicted an inverse association between low vitamin D and TG (β coefficient =-0.225, p =0.024) and a direct association with HDL (β coefficient =0.207, p =0.039). Odds ratio for TG and HDL was 3.40 and 5.85 respectively inferring that low vitamin D may be a likely risk factor for cardio metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: low vitamin D level was found to be associated with high TG and low HDL.


This paper is newly invented for the solution of prevention of consecutive accidents happening in Railways. The embedded project ensures a fully automated system that provides unauthorized access of trains and running away from stable rake is immobilized by the train immobilizer. This Train Immobilizer consists of three levels of security- RFID detection, Biometric Sensing and typing password. The consecutive accidents are prevented by the accident alerter that protects the accident spot in case of any train accident by sending out a RF message to 2 kilometer radius which is sensed by the approaching train and reduces the speed thus avoiding the collision between the trains. Further the speed of the approaching train is reduced automatically thus providing successive collisions. TIAA (TRAIN IMMOBILIZER AND ACCIDENT ALERTER) reduces the human dependency thus enabling a safe and secure system. With the help of GPS and GSM module, Railcar is tracked and detected for any emergency purpose.


The title compound, (Et4N) [Co(S2CO)(S2COEt)2], and its chromium analogue have been prepared by nucleophilic attack of (Et4N)(S2COEt) on the parent tris(ethylxanthato)metal(III) complex in acetone solution, the structure of the cobalt derivative being confirmed by single-crystal X- ray structure determination; the structure was refined by least squares to a residual of 0.045 for 2306 'observed' reflections. Crystals are orthorhombic, P bca, a 17.303(8), b 16.970(6), c 16.052(6) Ǻ, Z 8. for the ethylxanthate ligands is 2.286 Ǻ, longer than in the parent tris(ethylxanthato)-cobalt(III) complex, while for the dithiocarbonate, chelated through the two sulphurs, is 2.251 Ǻ.


Frequency diverse arrays (FDAs) have raised increased attention due to their ability of range-dependent beamforming and auto-scanning in angle by employing an extra frequency variation across the array elements. The range and angle of an FDA's beampattern are coupled, hence resulting in ambiguity for target detection. To overcome this problem, several methods have been proposed recently, among which pairing linearly increasing frequency offsets with a nonuniform linear array and pairing a uniform linear array with non-uniformly increasing frequency offsets are two typical employed methods. However, these methods usually assume both the element position and frequency offset can be continuously adjusted. In this paper, uncoupled FDA beampattern is synthesized by pairing two predefined sets of discrete element positions and discrete frequency offsets. As the optimum pairing of two variables requires an exhaustive search of two sets, we modify a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the integer programming problem. Some numerical results are provided to verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach.


The application of endoscope thyroid surgery including thyroidectomy and neck lymph node dissection increases in thyroid cancer today,which could radically remove the disease at most extent and preserve the neck appearance in the meanwhile.There are controversies on indications,effectiveness and no-touch principle of endoscope surgery in thyroid cancer.The robot-assisted system enlarged the applicable range of endoscope surgery in thyroid cancer.It is necessary to select the suitable indications and operation range and to prevent excessus treatment.


According to the characteristics of the surface crack of the wall structure, the method of extracting and marking the surface crack area of the wall mechanism is studied by using the digital image processing technology. In this paper, the wall structure crack is taken as the research object, firstly, the nonlinear Bilateral Filters algorithm is used to suppress the noise and smooth the image; then the crack edge is extracted by Canny operator, all the crack edges are closed by mathematical morphology opening operation, and some non-crack contours are eliminated; finally, the non-crack area is deleted to realize the real mark of crack connected region. The analysis of the experimental results shows that the method proposed in this paper can realize the safe line monitoring of the cracks in the wall structure and mark the area where the real cracks are located.


Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in numerous cancer cell types. Therapeutic antibodies and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) against HER2 were developed to treat human tumors. The major limitation of anti-HER2 CAR-T lymphocyte therapy is attributable to the low HER2 expression in a wide range of normal tissues. Thus, side effects are caused by CAR lymphocyte "on-target off-tumor" reactions. We aimed to develop safer HER2-targeting CAR-based therapy. CAR constructs against HER2 tumor-associated antigen (TAA) for transient expression were delivered into target T and natural killer (NK) cells by an effective and safe non-viral transfection method via nucleofection, excluding the risk of mutations associated with viral transduction. Different in vitro end-point and real-time assays of the CAR lymphocyte antitumor cytotoxicity and in vivo human HER2-positive tumor xenograft mice model proved potent cytotoxic activity of the generated CAR-T-NK cells. Our data suggest transient expression of anti-HER2 CARs in plasmid vectors by human lymphocytes as a safer treatment for HER2-positive human cancers. We also conducted preliminary investigations to elucidate if fucosylated chondroitin sulfate may be used as a possible agent to decrease excessive cytokine production without negative impact on the CAR lymphocyte antitumor effect.


In this paper are introduced the characters of the casein and acrylic grafted fiber and the spinning process of this fiber and its blended fiber,described in detail the pre-treatment,scutching,carding,drawing,roving,spinning and cone winding processes of this fiber and its main attentions in production.It holds that the fiber is of good spinnability but it needs to widen the yarn variety and to improve the yarn quality.


We demonstrated wavefront control by pulse-to-pulse interference using optical phased array based on optical frequency comb by controlling the wavefront of ultrashort pulses by only changing the ratio of two frequency parameters of the comb.


Abstract
 Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are general-purpose techniques that can be used for nonlinear data-driven rainfall–runoff modelling. The key issue to construct a good model by means of ANNs is to understand their structural features and the problems related to their construction. Indeed, the quantity and quality of data, the type of noise and the mathematical properties of the algorithm for estimating the usual large number of parameters (weights) are crucial for the generalization performances of ANNs. However, it is well known that ANNs may suffer from poor generalization properties due to the high number of parameters and non-Gaussian data noise. Therefore, in the first part of this paper, the features and problems of ANNs are discussed. Eight Avoiding Overfitting Techniques are then presented, considering that these are methods for improving the generalization of ANNs. For this reason, they have been tested on two case studies—rainfall–runoff data from two drainage basins in the south of Italy—in order to gain insight into their properties and to investigate if there is one that absolutely gives the best performance.


Frequency analysis is one of the most useful tools in data analysis.In this paper we analyze the vibration signals of the e lectrodes in the aluminum spot welding aided by the frequency analysis,and get some useful information,which can be used to inspect whether a nugget has com e into being or whether the splash has happened.The experiment has proved tha t frequency analysis of the vibration signals of electrodes is an useful and pe rspective method,which can be used to monitor the process of the aluminum spot welding so as to improve welding quality.


Soft skills and abilities such as ABET-specified outcome item (h) [the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context], which is mandated for all engineering programs, are difficult to assess, and difficult to improve. In this paper, in the context of Industrial Engineering, we show how such outcome items can be assessed and improved. We achieve this through a continuous improvement process via changes to the capstone design course and the creation of a Kaizen course, both of which emphasize qualities important to all vested interests, including students, industrial partners, advisory board members, and faculty. Improvement in the achievement of outcome item (h) is demonstrated first. This is followed by improvement in the achievement of various other outcome items. Results of outcome item measurement are compared between both students and industrial partners. Finally, insights obtained from the experimental Kaizen course are described, and future course changes are detailed, including methods of outcome assessment.


One of the most remarkable 16th-century composers was Orlando di Lasso (1530/1532–1594), perhaps the most prominent musician of his time. In the second half of the 16th and the early 17th centuries, his works were widespread across Europe, especially in its central and western part. Some of the surviving contemporary sources of Lasso's music – both printed and manuscript – are preserved in Slovenian libraries and archives. Among them are two incompletely preserved manuscripts, dating from ca. 1600, today kept at the National and University Library in Ljubljana (Ms 232 and Ms 285). They both contain Lasso's Missa super Je ne menge poinct de porcq , first published in Lasso's second book of Masses, Quinque missae , by Claudio Merulo in 1570. Interestingly, this early Munich-period Mass is based on a Parisian chanson by Claudin de Sermisy (ca. 1490–1562), whose content is unequivocally scatological. It was quite common for 16th-century composers to base their settings of the Mass Ordinary on pre-existent polyphonic compositions, whether sacred or secular. One of the rare descriptions of this technique – widely known as parody technique – is given in Pietro Cerone's El melopeo y maestro (1613). It can serve as the basis for an elementary analysis of how Lasso employed Sermisy's chanson Je ne menge point de porc . The analysis shows that Lasso, for various reasons, does not always follow the established practices as they can be observed from Cerone's treatise. Nevertheless he demonstrates significant skill in utilising borrowed material to compose his parody Mass. Lasso's Missa super Je ne menge poinct de porcq is particularly intriguing due to its use of Sermisy's chanson; what could be the reason for Lasso's decision to use Sermisy's profoundly secular chanson in order to compose a Mass setting? Although the answer can be multifaceted (such as an intention to establish a special textual relation between the Mass and the model), the principal reason seems to be the musical qualities of the chanson, which proved to be a very convenient and worthy source for composing a short Mass.


This paper aims to relate two types of presently available large scale databases corresponding to the organization of the mental lexicon, namely, text corpora and association dictionaries, from the point of view of morphological and associative variability. We used a paper-and-pencil based Hungarian verbal association dictionary containing 188 stimulus words and about 400 responses for each stimulus, collected from children (age 10-14) and young adults (age 18-24), to compute the associative entropies of the stimulus words. Associative entropies are then compared to the morphological entropy of the lexemes corresponding to stimulus words, determined from a large web-based Hungarian corpus. We found that for both age groups, more variability in morphological forms corresponds to higher associative variability in
the case of nouns (r=0.20 and 0.18). For verbs, however, the opposite relation holds: morphological and associative entropies are negatively correlated (r= 0.19 in both age groups). In order to investigate this phenomenon in more depth, corpus frequency and the fraction of paradigmatic associations are also taken into consideration, showing that the relation between associative entropy and the fraction of paradigmatic associations is highly responsible for the different behaviour of nouns and verbs.


Hydro-electric power generation from multi-purpose dams has been playing important roles in the electric power supply network in Korea. Although the total share of hydro power in national electricity supply now becomes very small, the peak-shaving and frequency control capability of hydro power helps the power company enormously in maintaining the quality of power. But since the company that builds and operates the multi-purpose dams in Korea has to sell all the electricity produced to the monopolistic utility, there have been various problems in justifying the investment, designing pricing mechanism, and controlling operations of the power plants. In addition, economic evaluation of the hydro power has been distorted by a variety of reasons and hence it has been very difficult to encourage effective development and utilization of national water resources. To make the problem worse, both parties are public companies with X-inefficiency problems. Thus, changing environment requires to reengineer the system that governs hydro power generation. We address the problems of Korean hydro-electric power generation system in four areas: the investment justification process, the operations decison right of the hydro power plants, the pricing of the purchased-power, and the negotiation of contract revision. Then we propose improvement directions of new hydro-electric power system in view of static and dynamic efficiency, X-inefficiency and equity.


The article touches upon issues related to changes in the psychological state of people during forced isolation, including during a pandemic. The relevance of research on this topic is stipulated by the need to find means that can alleviate the negative consequences of self-isolation and help a person adapt to changed conditions after leaving it. The authors studied the reactions of individuals to the conditions of self-isolation using their proprietary methodology "Reaction to the Frustration of Self-Isolation", which was based on the traditional method of factor analysis.  The article presents a questionnaire, keys to the obtained scales, descriptions of scales, and a brief description of their development.  The survey involved 231 people differing in several parameters, including gender, age, profession, and social status. In the course of the study, the number of questions and their wording were corrected. In the final version of the questionnaire there are 167 questions and 5 rating scales. The paper presents the results of two empirical studies carried out in two stages with an interval of two months: the first study presented the approbation of the method "Reaction to Frustration of Self-Isolation" by D. V. Sochivko, and T. A. Simakova; the second was carried out by the methods of multidimensional statistics in order to build a typology of personal reaction to self-isolating frustration, for which the standard psychological methods of personality research were additionally used: "Self-Attitude Research Method" by S. R. Panteleev (Handbook of a Practical Psychologist, 2008), psychological defense research method "Life Style Index" by R. Plutchik et al. (Handbook of a Practical Psychologist, 2008), the adapted method "Existence Scale" by A. Langle and K. Orgler (Mainina, Vasanov, 2010).


In this paper the analysis of the temperature distribution in restored tooth is con- sidered. The aim of the research is to evaluate the impact of temperature changes in the pulp layer of tooth under the influence of rapid temperature changes in the ambient fluid. The axially-symmetrical model of the molar tooth (in vitro) without filling and with fillings (amalgam and composite resin) is analyzed. The equations of mathematical model are solved numerically using the control volume method. Finally, some examples of simulations are presented.


2-hydroxo-1-naphthaldehyde p - methoxyl-benzoylhydrazone was synthesized and its composition and structure were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and UV-VIS spectra. Its florescent spectra in solid state and ethanol solution were investigated preliminarily. The effects of solution concentration on the florescent spectra of the hydrazone were discussed. The results show that the complex can emit very strong florescence in solid state and solution. The florescence intensity increased with its concentration increasing in 3.49×10-6-3.49×10-4mol, but decreased with the concentration exceeded 6.98 ×10-4 mol.


A semitopological approach to the structures of boron hydrides is discussed in detail, as an extension of the equations of orbital and electron balance derived by Eberhardt, Crawford, and Lipscomb. This consistent set of principles gives the presently known boron hydrides whose frameworks are icosahedral fragments, and predicts (1) the hydrogen arrangement in B6H10, (2) that a stable B8 hydride will probably be either B8H12 or B8H14, (3) B9H13 should not exist, and (4) that no B7 hydride should exist.


A low-mass, probably stellar, companion to the nearby star Gliese 623 has been detected interferometrically at 1.25, 1.65, and 2.2 microns, and its motion has been monitored over more than one full revolution cycle. Detection of this companion confirms a low-amplitude perturbation of the photocenter indicated previously by extensive astrometric observations. The interferometry, together with available astrometric and radial velocity measurements, yields improved orbital elements and the first photometric measurements and mass determinations of the component stars. The indicated luminosity and mass of G1 623B appear inconsistent with stellar models which predict a rapid decline of luminosity with decreasing mass for stars of age 2 Gyr and greater. 21 references.


The whole production process of PVC was introduced briefly.The safety and environmental protection problems in the whole process were analyzed emphatically,and their current situation were discussed as well as the adopted treatment technology.


Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to AKI secondary to ischemia, sepsis, and nephrotoxins are receiving increasing attention as the effects of AKI on hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality and on the acceleration of CKD progression to ESRD are becoming better illuminated. Numerous studies have


Excessive variability in the final moisture content (MC) of hardwood lumber may have a significant impact on secondary wood processing and final product performance. Sources of final MC variation during kiln-drying have been studied in prior research. A test examining the final MC of red oak (Quercus spp.) and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) lumber after kiln-drying was conducted to obtain empirical knowledge ofthe effects from anatomical structures and lumber thickness. A 2 3 fixed-effects linear statistical model was used to examine MC changes and the effects that growth rate, thickness, and wood type have on MC variability of red oak and yellow-poplar 4/4 lumber during the kiln-drying process. Growth rate was comprised of fast and slow levels. Lumber thickness had thin and thick levels, and wood type had heartwood and sapwood levels. The entire experiment was duplicated to improve the inference of experimental results. Variability in the MC of red oak lumber steadily increased during kiln-drying before the equalizing treatment, and was significantly reduced after equalization. This empirical study may suggest that the equalization treatment is an important step in the kiln-drying of red oak lumber. Variability in the MC of yellow-poplar declined during the entire kiln-drying process. There was statistical evidence in the duplicate experiments that suggested that the wood type (heartwood or sapwood) had a significant effect on red oak final MC. There was no statistical evidence to suggest that the three factors studied had an effect on the final MC of yellow-poplar lumber.


Background: Child mortality is considered as a core indicator for child health and well-being. SRS (December 2016) has shown that maximum IMR is in Madhya Pradesh which is 50 per 1000 live births and U5MR is 77 per 1000 live birth (2011). The study was carried out with the objectives to list out and categorize medical as well as socio-economic factors associated with these deaths and to evaluate the current status of child deaths in terms of the provision of health services and gaps in planning and execution of these services.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 42 deaths which occurred in Home settings in Bhopal District. A team visited the identified household and conducted in depth interview regarding the entire event related to antenatal care, place of delivery, intranatal and postnatal care, accessibility of the health services and quality of care rendered that contributed to poor child health that resulted in the death of the child.Results: Out of 42 child deaths covered, 23 took place in the neonatal period, of which 21 were home deaths. 47.61% were attended by trained birth attendant. Breastfeeding was started immediately in 94.11% neonates whereas 5.88% were breastfed second day or later. 19 deaths took place in the post neonatal period, of which 17 were home deaths. (68.75%) were breast fed immediately within one hour of birth.Conclusions: A majority of home based child deaths are occurring in families with high illiteracy rates and those belonging to BPL families.


Introduction Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) images are used for the preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), however, these two-dimensional (2D) measurements are affected easily by limb position and scanning direction relative to three-dimensional (3D) bone model analyses. The purpose of our study was to compare these measurements to evaluate the factors affecting the difference. Patients and Methods A total of 75 osteoarthritis knees before primary TKA were assessed. The full-length weight-bearing anteroposterior radiograph and CT slices were used for the 2D measurement. Three-dimensional measurement used 3D bone model reconstructed from the CT data and the coordinate system as the previous reports (Figure 1). We measured FVA (femoral valgus angle), CRA (the angle between the posterior condylar line and the clinical epicondylar axis ), and SRA (the angle between the PC-L and the surgical epicondylar axis ). Intra- and inter-observer reliabilities were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and the differences between the 2D and the 3D measurements (Differences) were evaluated. In addition, we evaluated whether preoperative factors (preoperative extension angle, HKA, BMI and CT scanning direction) affected the differences between the 3D and the 2D measurements. Computer simulation was used to examine the influences of CT scanning direction. Results The ICC and the mean values with 2D and 3D measurements were shown in Table 1. The mean Differences were 0.2 ± 1.2° in FVA, 0.7 ± 2.1° in CRA and 0.7 ± 1.8° in SRA. Nine percentage in CRA and 13% in SRA had over 3 degrees of the Differences. There were no significant correlations between these factors and the Difference, however, the 3D simulation showed a significant difference of CRA between the scanning direction in varus/valgus and the neutral condition (varus: p Discussion From our study, the 3D measurements were highly reliable. In the 2D measurements, the rotational measurements showed less interobserver reliability because of the difficulty of picking the same CT plane and the same position of femoral bony landmarks between observers. The mean Differences were small, however, the range was large and almost10% of our cases were over 3 degrees which can induce the malalignment of the component in spite of the precise bone cutting. Particularly, smaller values of the CRA and SRA with the 2D measurement have a risk of internal-rotated position of the femoral component. Preoperative osteoarthritis knees have flexion contractures, valgus, and femoral torsion. The 3D measurements are useful to avoid the different evaluation from the CT scanning situation.


This paper presents an overview of optical fiber sensor networks for remote sensing including lasing and non-lasing configurations. The main factors to take into consideration in the design of a fiber optic remote sensor system are gathered.


Background: Despite ongoing prevention efforts, alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse among adolescents remain public health concerns. Rural adolescents, many of whom are underserved, are disproportionately affected. AOD bring a major challenge for affected families and communities and places an enormous burden on mental health and other health service providers in Rwanda as well as the country's economy. To our knowledge no study has been done to address AOD in Rwanda.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore perspectives on risk and protective factors influencing AOD of parents and their adolescents attending parent-adolescent communication (PAC) program in Rubavu district, Rwanda.
Methods: This study employed qualitative methods and community-based participatory research (CBPR) guided in large part by community members, in partnership with research and health practitioners from Imbuto Foundation and Rubavu Youth Friendly Center (RYFC). CBPR principles are aimed at improving the effectiveness of research by addressing locally relevant health issues and involve communities in every aspects of the research process. Through a systematic process, community participants and researchers work to achieve a shared understanding of the important influences on AOD in the community and suggestions for how to take action in addressing AOD. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for the study. A total of 20 families (17 fathers, 20 mothers and 20 adolescents aged 14 to 24 years) were participants in PAC program from Rubavu Youth Friendly Center (RYFC) in rural sector of Rubavu district. Focus groups and in-depth interviews in Kinyarwanda language were conducted with all study participants. The interview guide was semi structured, nondirective and informal process to elicit rich information regarding risk and protective factors of AOD abuse among adolescents. Each interview and focus group session were written in narrative format and were analysed using grounded theory approach.
Results: This Individual risk and protective factors for AOD, environmental risk and protective factors for AOD and suggestion to AOD among the adolescents were the main themes that emerged from this study. Parents and their children adolescents' participants in PAC program perceived poor communication as a leading risk factor of alcohol and drugs abuse; other risks included poor family support, stressful life events and availability of drugs. Family support, communication about drugs, employment and religion were viewed as protective factors. Participants suggested strengthening parent-adolescent communication about drugs through parenting and drugs education sessions and community home visit and integration the program in village. Other suggestions included strengthening the parent-adolescent relationship in prevention or reduce AOD.
Conclusions: Participants believe that parents and families have the ultimate responsibilities to protect and educate their own children about alcohol and drugs. This study calls for the governments to equip families in performing this task. Establishing a family-based drug prevention intervention that aims to produce competent parents would improve parenting practice in prevention of adolescent risk health behavior including alcohol and other drugs.


Wireless sensor networks request robust energy efficient communications. In this literature, we propose and analyse an Adaptive Assistant-Aided Clustering Protocol using Niching Particle Swarm Optimization (AAAC-NPSO), a protocol scheme for wireless sensor networks that obeys the idea of energy efficient with application-specific to obtain good performance. Our simulation results show that AAAC-NPSO can improve system lifespan and data delivery by optimizing energy dissipation in the networks.


We consider the problem of self-interested economic agents who must negotiate with each other to carry out their plans. Customer agents express plans in the form of task networks, which they offer in a marketplace in a request for quotations (RFQ). The market runs a combinatorial reverse auction, in which supplier agents submit bids that specify prices for combinations of tasks, along with time windows and duration data that the customer uses to compose a work schedule. The presence of temporal and precedence constraints among the items at auction requires extensions to the standard winner-determination procedures for combinatorial auctions, and the use of the enhanced winner-determination procedure in real-time negotiation requires that we predict its runtime when planning the negotiation process.
We describe the high-level design of an agent that can act as a customer in this environment, and describe the decision behaviors such an agent must implement to maximize its utility. One of the primary decisions such an agent must make is to determine the winners of its auctions. Methods for the determination of auction winners are explored in detail, and three different algorithms are presented. One is an Integer Programming (IP) model, the second is a queue-based Simulated Annealing (SA) design, and the third is an extension of the bidtree-based Iterative-Deepening A* (IDA*) formulation proposed by Sandholm.
The winner-determination algorithm must be run in the context of a real-time negotiation, and the time available to run it must be published to suppliers as part of a request for quotations. This is because suppliers need to know when they may expire their bids, and because shorter bid-expiration times are expected to lead to lower prices and higher willingness to bid on the part of suppliers. The result is that we must be able to predict the runtime of these NP -complete algorithms based on information that can be measured or estimated before bids are available. We report on a series of experiments that provide us with runtime probability distributions across a range of problem size parameters.


Ethanol causes fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) partly by inhibiting cell adhesion mediated by the L1 neural cell adhesion molecule. Ethanol interacts with an alcohol binding pocket in the L1 extracellular domain (ECD), and dephosphorylation of S1248 in the L1 cytoplasmic domain (CD) renders L1 adhesion insensitive to inhibition by ethanol (L1 insensitive). The mechanism underlying this inside‐out signaling is unknown. Here we show that phosphorylation of the human L1‐CD at S1152, Y1176, S1181, and S1248 renders L1 sensitive to ethanol by promoting L1 coupling with ankyrin‐G and the spectrin‐actin cytoskeleton. Knockdown of ankyrin‐G or L1 mutations that uncouple L1 from ankyrin reduce L1 sensitivity to ethanol, but not methanol, consistent with a small conformational change in the extracellular alcohol binding pocket. Phosphorylation of Y1176 and ankyrin‐G coupling with L1 are higher in NIH/3T3 clonal cell lines in which ethanol inhibits L1 adhesion than in ethanol‐resistant NIH/3T3 clonal cell lines. Similarly, phosphorylation of Y1176 is higher in C57BL/6J mice that are sensitive to ethanol teratogenesis than in ethanol resistant C57BL/6N mice. Finally, polymorphisms in genes that encode ankyrin‐G and p90rsk, a kinase that phosphorylates S1152, are linked to facial dysmorphology in children with heavy prenatal ethanol exposure. These findings indicate that genes that regulate L1 coupling to ankyrin may influence susceptibility to FASD.—Dou, X., Menkari, C., Mitsuyama, R., Foroud, T., Wetherill, L., Hammond, P., Suttie, M., Chen, X., Chen, S.‐Y., Charness, M. E., Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. L1 coupling to ankyrin and the spectrin‐actin cytoskeleton modulates ethanol inhibition of L1 adhesion and ethanol teratogenesis. FASEB J. 32,1364‐1374 (2018). www.fasebj.org


It is a challenge to achieve an affordable and energy efficient building renovation that leads to a decrease of the environmental impacts, as many objectives and various renovation actions should be considered. In this study, the many-objective optimisation algorithm NSGA-III is applied, for the first time in building energy. The solutions search process of NGSA-III makes it more efficient when dealing with more than three objectives. It was included in a simulation platform consisting in a dynamic building energy simulation (DBES) tool, a building life cycle assessment (LCA) tool and a cost database, in order to guide the decision towards good energy-environment-cost renovation solutions for a hotel in the Alps. Its application helps identifying good renovation strategies for the hotel. The results robustness to the climate data is then assessed.


The invention discloses an AC voltage withstand test method for a 500kV GIS (Gas-insulated Metal-enclosed Switchgear). The AC voltage withstand test method for a 500kV GIS comprises the steps: the step 1: preparation before the test: disconnecting a high voltage cable, an overhead inlet wire and a transformer with a GIS, and after checking a test instrument, connecting the test instrument with the GIS to form an AC voltage withstand test loop; and the step 2: a stage applied voltage test: applying AC voltage to the GIS at the highest operation phase voltage to perform a burn-in test for 15min, and operating a breaker, a disconnecting switch and an earthing knife-switch, boosting to the voltage withstand value to perform an AC voltage withstand test for 1min, recording the quality factor, the resonant frequency, the test capacity, the test current and the excitation transformer capacity of a resonance circuit, and then determining whether the GIS malfunctions. The AC voltage withstand test method for a 500kV GIS utilizes a series resonance voltage withstand device to perform an AC voltage withstand test for the GIS, and is good in the output voltage waveform and stable in boosting, and does not damage the tested object and the test device.


A novel design of spiraphase-type reflective phased array is proposed. A full-wave mathematical model is developed to predict the scanning characteristics of this phased array. Numerical optimization of the geometry of the array element is performed. The scanning characteristics of the phased array with optimized elements are calculated. It is proven numerically that this passive array demonstrates a total loss better than -2 dB in the frequency band from 25 to 30.5 GHz within a scanning sector limited by elevation angles up to 28 degrees. The mathematical model developed has been experimentally verified with the help of the waveguide simulator.


The paper presents the results of studies concerning the assessment of the hydromorphological state and habitat quality of two Carpathian rivers (the Wisłok and Ropa rivers), along sections situated above and below the reservoirs operating in the course of these rivers. The investigation was carried out based on the British method called River Habitat Survey (RHS). On the basis of the data collected, for each study section, synthetic indices HQA (Habitat Quality Assessment) and HMS (Habitat Modification Score), which enable assessment of the river habitat quality, were calculated. The analysis performed indicates that the sections of the Wisłok river considered, both above and below the Besko reservoir, fall into Class 2, which points to a good hydromorphological state and habitat quality. The Ropa river is characterised by moderate hydromorphological state (Class 3) above the Klimkówka reservoir and by good state (Class 2) below its location.


New trends in the industry sharply follow the dynamic way of life of customers. This has resulted in the need to place greater emphasis on customer understanding and tailor your offer to customers. The same is true about construction industry and education process. It is education that is the first step to meet the needs of industry and thus also the customers. Implement mass communication to the educational proses. BIM technologies represent an effective tool in the construction industry, and it is the customization and customization of the use of individual parts of BIM that can be beneficial for the purpose. This research discuss the issue of customization od educational process in the study programme of technology and management in construction industry through the BIM application at Faculty of Civil Engineering in Kosice. Main aim of research is to analyze customization of courses for students and their needs through BIM application. There are more describe courses and useful of BIM parts for this reason


1. Introduction to Ethnic Advertising and Marketing. 2. The Evolution of Ethnic Advertising. 3. Ethnic Consumer Behaviour. 4. The Legal and Social Environment. Case Studies: Stove Top Stuffing. General Motors. Scott Paper Towel. Metropolitan Life. Uptown Cigarettes. United Negro College Fund. American Honda. Remy Martin. Jewel Food Stores. Power Master/Crazy Horse. Conclusion.


This paper focuses on quantifying customer perceptions of service performance by developing a Key Performance Index (KPI). We develop a KPI suitable for use in service enterprises from the process capability indice s used in the manufacturing industry. A bootstrapping method is used to construct KPI confidence intervals with a coverage probability to evaluate the reliability of the bootstrap confidence interval. Simulation results indicate that higher confidence and service levels require larger sample sizes. A table of the required sample sizes is constructed under vari ous combinations of service and confidence levels for managerial reference in service enterprises. Our KPI allows managers to evaluate the actual service level delivered within e ach of five SERVQUAL categories and derive tolerance levels for each. To demonstrate th e usefulness of our proposed KPI, an example from Taiwan's motel industry is used to char t the correlation of KPI to customer service dimensions, confidence interval, and actual service delivered.


This paper presents the results of testing the impact of different farming
 systems on milk production, milk composition (milk fat, protein and dry
 matter without fat) and body condition score of Alpine breed goats in
 different growing systems during one production year. Control of the amount
 and chemical composition of milk included a total of 59 French Alpine goats
 at the age of 2-3 years (2-3 lactations), which are divided into two groups
 with approximate similar body weight. In the first group of goats a stable
 diet was applied. Goats had a sufficient amount of alfalfa hay available (ad
 libitum) and the addition of about 0.5 kg of concentrate that is administered
 twice a day. Goats in the second group in addition to 0.5 kg of alfalfa hay,
 received 0.25 kg of concentrate and in the period from April to October
 during the day stayed at the outlet and the surrounding pasture. Control of
 body weight of goats and body condition were performed once every two months
 from March to October, while the rate of body condition (BCS) was given score
 of 1-5. Somatic cell count and chemical quality of milk were controlled on a
 daily basis in the laboratory for raw milk AD Mlekara - Subotica on the
 device CombiFoss 6200 FC. Both groups of goats had a statistically
 significant increase in production of milk (about 45 l) and the average daily
 milk yield (of about 0.15 l) in the second compared with the third lactation
 (p <0.01). It was also determined statistically significant effect of
 lactation on content of protein, dry matter without fat (DMwF) and the number
 of somatic cells in milk in both groups of goats. Body condition score of the
 analyzed groups of goats varied over time, and statistically significant
 differences were found in July (p = 0.021) and September (p = 0.013), where
 goats from the second group that remained at the pasture in the examined
 period had higher scores for BCS compared with the first group. [Projekat
 Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 46009: Improvement and
 development of hygienic and technological procedures in production of animal
 originating foodstuffs with the aim of producing high-quality and safe
 products competitive on global market i br. TR 31053]


Abstract The perfect method for breast reconstruction would be safe, reliable, reproducible, applicable to all patients, and would have no donor site morbidity. The ideal reconstructed breast would provide symmetric, permanent, and natural results. There has been development and refinement of autogenous methods of breast reconstruction throughout the literature. The TRAM flap remains the most popular method of autogenous reconstruction. This popularity is due to the relative ease with which the procedure is performed but it has its own drawbacks. Other procedures include: Deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap; free flaps (free TRAM flap; free superior gluteal myocutaneous flap); pedicled lattisimus dorsi flap, etc. We have reconstructed the breast in ten patients after mastectomy with a different technique which is cutaneoglandular flap from the contralateral normal breast. It has the advantage of using normal breast tissue for reconstruction in addition to reduction of a possible large breast the patient may have. It is almost without donor site morbidity and there is no need to reposition the patient intraoperatively. It is mostly used when the patient is reluctant to undergo a big operation. This technique can also be used when there are contraindications to other techniques. In this paper, patients are presented who have undergone contralateral cutaneouglandular flap with an inferior pedicle and free nipple graft technique with fairly satisfactory results. Keywords : breast reconstruction, breast cutaneoglandular flap, mastectomy, inferior pedicle References 1.Zhao R, Qiao Q, Yue Y, et al. The psychological impact of mastectomy on women with breast cancer. Zhonghua zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2003 Jul; 19(4):294-6. 2.Caffo O, Amichetti M, Ferro A, et al. Pain and quality of life after surgery for breast cancer. Breast cancer Res Treat. 2003;80(1):39-48. 3.Serletti JM,Moran SL. Microvascular reconstruction of the breast. Semin Surg Oncol. 2000; 19:264. 4.Bruck JC, Kleiner U. Breast reconstruction with the free microvascular abdominal flap : Accessory reconstruction or gold standard ? Zentralb Chir. 1998;123(suppl.5): 102. 5.Vesely J, Stupka I, Drazan, et al. DIEP flap breast reconstuction: New experience. Acta Chir Plast. 2001;43:3. 6.Blondee PN. One hundred free DIEP flap breast reconstructions: A personal experience. Br J Plast Surg. 1999;52.104. 7.Lantieri L, Serra M, Dallaserra M, et al. Preservation of the muscle in the use of rectus abdominis free flap in breast reconstruction: From TRAM to DIEP (deep inferior epigastric Vol 1, No 4, Autumn 2008 185 Kalantar Hormozi et al. perforator) flap- Technical notes and results. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 1997;42:156. 8.Blondeel N, Vanderstraeten GG, Monstrey SJ, et al. The donor site morbidity of free DIEP flaps and free TRAM flaps for breast reconstruction.Br J Plast Surg. 1997; 50:322. 9.Arnez ZM, Khan U, Pogorelec D, et al. Rational selection of flaps from the abdomen in breast reconstruction to reduce donor site morbidity. Br J Plast Surg. 1999;52:351. 10.Arnez ZM, Khan U, Pogorelec D, et al. Breast reconstruction using the free superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap. Br J Plast Surg. 1999;52:276. 11.Koshima I, Inagawa K, Yamamoto M, et al. New microsurgical breast reconstruction using free paraumblical perforator adiposal flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000;106:61. 12.Holmstrom H. The free abdominoplasty flap and its use in breast reconstruction: An experimental study and clinical case report. scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1979;13:423. 13.Grotting JC, Urist MM, Maddox W, et al. conventional TRAM flap versus free microsurgical TRAM flap for immediate breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83:828. 14.Arnez ZM, Valdatta L, Tyler MP, et al. Anatomy of the internal mammary veins and their use in free TRAM flap breast reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg. 1995;48:540. 15.Trabulsy P, Anthony JP, Mathes SJ. Changing trends in postmastectomy breast reconstruction. A 13 year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994;93:1418. 16.Takeishi M, Sha W, Ahn CY, et al. TRAM flaps in patients with abdominal scars. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1997;99:713. 17.Chen L, Hartrampf CR, Bennett GK, et al. successful pregnancies following TRAM flap surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;91:69. 18.Shaw WW. Superior gluteal free flap breast reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg. 1998;25:267. 19.Shaw WW. Breast reconstruction by superior gluteal microvascular free flaps without silicone implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1983;72:490.


The process of sentiment analysis identifies whether a given piece of text is positive, negative or neutral. It helps the business organizations to make use of the data in an effective way and to take informed decisions. It also saves human time and effort since this is an automated process. To automate the sentiment prediction the comment or review of a user has to be synthesized accurately. Since the feature selection is an important factor in sentiment prediction, this paper uses composite n-gram model with two feature selection methods mRMR (Minimum redundancy and Maximum Relevance) and improved Gini index. Then the sentiment prediction is carried out using SVM (Support Vector Machines) and BMNB (Binary multinomial Naïve Bayes) classifier. Experiment results shows that BMNB classifier performs better under both feature selection methods.


The study was designed to obtain empirical correlates of previously defined California Psychological Inventory profiles. Undergraduate females took the inventory and a biographical questionnaire. Those 54 whose profiles could be classified into groups of 10 or more were each rated by two female friends using Wiggins' Interpersonal Adjective Scales. Type 1 ("anti-social") profiles were significantly associated with having been in trouble with the law. Subjects with Type 3 ("neurotic") profiles obtained higher scores on the aloof-introverted scale. Few other findings were noted. Problems with the types and the study were discussed. Future work might more profitably focus on potential correlates of code-types for the inventory.


Frequent measurement of blood glucose is crucial for diabetic patients in managing the glucose level and thus reducing the severe complications associated with the disease. Raman spectroscopy is one of the non-invasive optical techniques that have been proposed for physiological glucose measurement. In this study, we used a relatively inexpensive, compact and portable Raman system which can be made sufficiently affordable and convenient for patient use. We applied two well-known linear transformation methods in a consecutive manner to the collected spectral data to improve the detectability of the glucose concentration information from aqueous solutions.


HE role played by the anterior pituitary T hormones in the initiation and growth of neoplastic diseases has been the subject of considerable experimental study. A recent review by Reid ably summarized and evaluated the topic, particularly as i t related to laboratory investigations on animals. It seems well established that in man hypophysectomy can at times alter the clinical course of disseminated cancer.12915 However, there is little if any evidence that the pituitary gland is an important factor in the induction of neoplastic growth in human beings.16 This report explores the relationship between pituitary function and neoplasia. Correcting for sex and age, it compares the occurrence of cancer in two groups of patients: one with acromegaly or gigantism and one with the clinical manifestations of hypopituitarism. The number of malignant neoplasms observed in each group of patients is also compared to the number expected in the general population. In essence, these two particular extremes of hypophyseal dysfunction serve as controls for each other, while the general population acts as an additional standard ap ins t which the cancer experience of each group can be individually contrasted.


THE synthesis of folic acid by Angier et al.x in 1945 may be taken as the culminating point in a large series of experiments carried out by many workers in many centres during the past fifteen years. Since the subject of this lecture is primarily the assessment of the clinical value of folic acid as a therapeutic agent, I do not propose to discuss experimental work connected with the production and cure of deficiency syndromes in a wide variety of animals resulting from a deficiency of folic acid. A detailed and comprehensive review of these experiments has been published by Jukes and Stokstad,2 1948, which should be studied by all workers interested in this field. Before dealing with clinical effects of folic acid, it would appear desirable however to discuss certain physiological and biological considerations.


Rapid prototyping is a manufacturing technique that has developed over the past quarter century for additive layer-by-layer fabrication of three-dimensional structures. In recent work, researchers at the University of North Carolina and Laser Zentrum Hannover have examined rapid prototyping of ceramic―polymer hybrid materials to create microscale patient-specific medical prostheses, microscale medical devices and scaffolds for tissue engineering.


The author substantiates the urgency of building clusters in the context of development of the Russian national innovation system, as well as the need to reduce the excess energy intensity of industry. Taking these factors into account, the author proposes the formation of a new type of cluster structures: innovative energy efficient clusters. The author's definition of this term is given in the introductory part of the study. The analysis and review of selected studies on the topic of cluster development of the economy and energy efficiency of industrial enterprises is carried out.


Performance management and performance prediction of services deployed in virtualized environments is a challenging task. On the one hand, the virtualization layer makes the estimation of performance model parameters difficult and inaccurate. On the other hand, it is difficult to model the hyper visor scheduler in a representative and practically feasible manner. In this paper, we describe how to obtain relevant parameters, such as the virtualization overhead, depending on the amount and type of available monitoring data. We adapt classical queueing-theory-based modeling techniques to make them usable for different configurations of virtualized environments. We provide answers how to include the virtualization overhead into queueing network models, and how to take the contention between different VMs into account. Finally, we evaluate our approach in representative scenarios based on the SPECjEnterprise2010 standard benchmark and XenServer 5.5, showing significant improvements in the prediction accuracy and discussing further open issues for performance prediction in virtualized environments.


━━ Background. Renal cell carcinoma rarely causes solitary pleural metastasis without pulmonary involvement. We report the case of a patient with solitary pleural metastasis of papillary renal cell carcinoma who presented with massive pleural effusion. Case. A 66-year-old man with dyspnea and general fatigue was transferred to our hospital to undergo a detailed examination. He had been exposed to asbestos in his workplace and had been undergoing hemodialysis for 23 years due to renal failure as a result of chronic glomerulonephritis. Chest and abdominal computed tomography scans revealed massive left pleural effusion without any pulmonary lesions and a mass in the right kidney, suggesting renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer, or malignant mesothelioma. Aspiration cytology of the pleural effusion revealed atypical cells with macronucleoli or atypical multinucleated cells, but a cell-block immunohistochemical examination did not confirm the histology. The patient's condition progressively deteriorated, and he died of a worsening of chronic renal failure on the 10th day after admission. Autopsy revealed a mass in the right kidney and left-dominant thickening of the pleura, which was covered with multiple nodules. Immunohistochemical examinations of these nodules confirmed solitary pleural metastasis of papillary renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion. Physicians need to be aware of pleural metastasis of extra-pulmonary tumors and try to confirm it histologically, even in patients with a history of asbestos exposure and malignant pleural effusion. (JJLC. 2017;57:29-34) KEY WORDS━━ Pleural metastasis, Renal cell carcinoma, Malignant pleural mesothelioma, Hemodialysis, Asbestos Corresponding author: Tomoko Tajiri. Received October 2, 2016; accepted November 14, 2016. 要旨━━背景.肺内転移を伴わない腎細胞癌の胸膜へ の単独転移は稀である.我々は胸膜転移による大量胸水 で発症した乳頭状腎細胞癌の 1例を経験したので,報告 する.症例.アスベスト曝露歴を有する 66 歳男性.慢性 糸球体腎炎による腎不全で 23 年間の血液透析中に,左大 量胸水による呼吸困難及び全身倦怠感を来し,精査目的 で紹介入院となった.胸腹部CTで肺野病変を伴わない 左大量胸水と右腎腫瘤を認め,腎細胞癌や肺癌,悪性胸 膜中皮腫が疑われた.胸水細胞診で核が類円形に腫大し, 一部は多核化した異型細胞を認めたが,胸水セルブロッ クを用いた免疫染色で組織診断に至らず.全身状態が急 速に悪化し,胸膜生検を行えず,第 10 病日に慢性腎不全 の悪化で永眠された.剖検で右腎腫瘤と左側優位の胸膜 肥厚及び多発小結節を認め,腎腫瘤及び胸膜の免疫染色 を経て乳頭状腎細胞癌の胸膜転移と診断した.結論.ア スベスト曝露歴を有する悪性胸水貯留例でも,他臓器癌 の胸膜転移の可能性があり,組織採取と病理組織学的診 断に努めることが重要である. 索引用語━━胸膜転移,腎細胞癌,悪性胸膜中皮腫,血 液透析,アスベスト 1高槻赤十字病院呼吸器内科. 論文責任者:田尻智子. 受付日:2016 年 10 月 2 日,採択日:2016 年 11 月 14 日. (肺癌.2017;57:29-34) 2017 The Japan Lung Cancer Society A Case of Solitary Pleural Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma―Tajiri et al 30 Japanese Journal of Lung Cancer―Vol 57, No 1, Feb 20, 2017―www.haigan.gr.jp Table 1. The Laboratory Findings on the Date of Admission Hematology Biochemistry Serology WBC 9000/μl TP 6.4 g/dl CRP 8.99 mg/dl Neut 80.0% Alb 2.4 g/dl CEA 1.8 ng/ml Mono 10.0% LDH 251 IU/l SLX 24.9 U/ml Lymph 8.0% AST 15 IU/l CYFRA 3.7 ng/ml Eos 1.9% ALT 4 IU/l ProGRP 88.4 pg/ml Baso 0.1% ALP 408 IU/l NSE 42.2 ng/ml RBC 289×104/μl γ GTP 41 IU/l TSH 3.15 μIU/ml Hb 9.0 g/dl BUN 24.8 mg/dl Free T4 1.13 ng/dl MCV 94.7 fl Cr 6.30 mg/dl MCH 31.0 pg Na 137 mEq/l MCHC 32.8% K 3.7 mEq/l Plt 27.2×104/μl Cl 100 mEq/l Ca 9.6 mg/dl Figure 1. A chest X-ray showing the loss of permeability of the left lung and the shift of the mediastinum to the right side. 緒 言 腎細胞癌の肺内転移は多く,二次性胸膜転移も伴うが, 胸膜への単独転移は稀である.我々は,アスベスト曝露 歴を有する慢性血液透析患者に,広範な胸膜転移による 大量胸水で発症し,悪性胸膜中皮腫との鑑別に苦慮した 乳頭状腎細胞癌の 1剖検例を経験したので,文献的考察 を加えて報告する.


Constructing Practical Teaching System in Higher Vocational Education Professional Competence Demand Based on Optical Cold Processing Post Hongyan Lu Henan Polytechnic Institute, Nanyang, Henan, 473009, China Abstract Based on the low matching degree between the knowledge system of higher vocational education and the market demand, this paper takes the personnel training framework of optoelectronic manufacturing technology as an example, aiming at the professional ability demand of optical cold processing post, constructs the higher vocational practice teaching system, trains the talents with certain professional skills and management literacy knowledge system, so as to connect with enterprises well.


Objective To assess the effects of cervical spinal cord injury(CSCI) on circulation system. Methods 47 cases with acute CSCI were retrospectively studied on dynamic change of BP,HR,ECG and the effect of plane in CSCI on dynamic change of BP,HR,ECG. Results The BP,HR in patients with CSCI decreased significantly(P0.01); The BP,HR in patients with CSCI above the fourth cervical spinal were significantly lower than those below the fourth(P0.05); The rate of bradycardia,S-T segments depressing,T wave depressing, time limit of U wave,QRS complex, Q-T interphase prolonging in ECG of patients CSCI was higher than non-CSCI(P0 01).The BP,HR were significantly higher after spinal reflection comeback than before(P0 01).Conclusion There are significantly anomalous changes on circulation system after CSCI, especially in the shock period of spinal cord. More unstable the function of circulation system is,the higher the plane of CSCI is.


Litigation over the right of detained foreign nationals to be notified of their right to seek consular assistance in death penalty cases is important to the more than 80 foreign nationals currently on death row in the United States. It also raises more general questions about the role of international law and of international courts in sensitive criminal cases before national courts. International courts and litigants may enhance the likelihood of compliance in such cases by insisting on fair and deliberate procedures, on transparent and thoroughly articulated reasoning, and on prudent shaping of remedies.


A method is described for calculating coupling integrals between donor and acceptor ions in class II mixed valence compounds. Metal–ligand–metal interactions are simulated by a perturbation model, which is then used to calculate valence delocalization coefficients from empirical and theoretical information On metal → ligand and ligand → metal charge transfer in the component single-valence complexes. The model is tested by applying it to FeII,III cyanides (Prussian Blue and its discrete molecular analogues) and silicates (e.g. biotite micas). Good agreement is found between observed and calculated intensities of the mixed valence charge transfer transitions.


BOC Bangladesh Limited, formerly known as Bangladesh Oxygen Limited, is one of the most important companies in Bangladesh. Its principal activity is to manufacture and supply of industrial and medical gases, welding equipment and products, certain medical products, anesthesia and ancillary equipment and consumables, etc for the economic development of Bangladesh. The company continues to be the principal supplier of industrial & medical gases in the country. The overall performance of the company, though below expectation, was satisfactory. There was an increase in the demand for MS Electrodes & Carbon Dioxide that was managed quite well. The cost of production was adversely hit in case of ASU due to low volume. In the case of MS Electrodes there was a substantial increase in raw material cost. Some savings were made through efficiency measures driven under a group-sponsored program. Overall loss in margins due to the above factors and general cost escalation could not be reduced through price revisions. To analyze the performance, year –wise growth, EPS, DPS, and financial performance analysis are used so as to come up with the suggestions. The study is mainly based on secondary sources from 1996 to 2007. The data have been analyzed to evaluate its operating and financial activities.


We report a directly reflectivity modulated laser incorporating two high-speed tunable mirrors on each side of the laser cavity. We believe that this is the first demonstration of a single laser allowing for direct generation of two optical signals.


The main sources and characteristics of PAHs in PM10 during winter in Nanjing are studied.The results indicate that based on the comparison of characteristic ratios method,the main sources of PAHs in PM10 during winter in Nanjing are vehicle emissions;by method of analysis of hysplit,beside Nanjing,Shandong and Shanghai are as the main sources of PAHs in PM10 during winter in Nanjing under northeasterly.Correlation analysis indicates that because of the high correlation,they may come from the same source,and diurnal variation of second ring PAHs(NaP) are different from other rings,the mass concentrations at night are slightly higher than daytime.