In this paper we introduce the main fundamentals of sentiment analysis and the benefits of using the popular micro-blogging site, Twitter, as a source of texts for sentiment analysis. We review some of the most recent papers published on sentiment analysis and describe the most relevant methods and approaches. We have used the conclusions of current research in the field to decide which methods or techniques to use in our own experimentation of sentiment analysis. We identify the methods of evaluating the performance of classifiers, and the open source tools available for carrying out the analysis. For our research, we have used Twitter data from the Sentiment140 database. We have explored various combinations of feature selection methods and machine learning techniques to build and evaluate 20 classifiers using this data.


Spatial heterogeneity of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti in the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico presents unique vector control challenges By Regan Lee Deming Background: The emergence of insecticide resistance in vector populations around the world threatens disease prevention and control. Dengue viruses, spread primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, cause significant morbidity and mortality. Dengue is controlled mainly through insecticide application for vector control since there are no preventative medications or vaccines. Understanding how insecticide resistance moves through a population, its geographical distribution and the biological mechanisms underlying resistance is essential for effective evidence-based control programs. Objective: This cross-sectional study is an initial assessment of insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes across previously unstudied dengue-endemic towns in the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico. The study quantified the entomologic profile of these towns, phenotypic resistance and the frequency of two known molecular markers of resistance to certain pyrethroid insecticides. Methods: Entomological surveys of Ae. aegypti were conducted in 5 towns in Yucatan, Mexico from June-August 2013. Emerged F0-F2 adults from eggs collected in each town were exposed to insecticides; deltamethrin, bendiocarb and chlorpyrifos and tested for resistance. Individuals tested against deltamethrin were also evaluated for the presence of two kdr mutations known to be associated with pyrethoid resistance, V1016I and F1534C, to assess the validity of these as molecular markers for deltamethrin resistance. Results: CDC Bottle Bioassay tests showed high levels of resistance to deltamethrin and chrlorpyrifos, and limited resistance to bendiocarb, with variations between study towns. Frequencies ranged between 0.47-0.74 for the V1016I mutation and showed a highly significant association with deltamethrin resistance phenotype in each town (p <0.002). Frequencies ranging between 0.59-0.94 were found for the F1534C mutation, showing significant association with deltamethrin resistance phenotype in 3 of the 5 towns, (p =0.01, p <0.0001 and p<0.0001). Discussion: These data have identified heterogeneity of insecticide resistance in previously unstudied populations and offer key insights into the development of these patterns. Several driving forces lead to development of insecticide resistance in mosquito populations, including pressure from insecticide application as well as human behavior and movement patterns. Heterogeneity of resistance patterns over a small geographical area poses a challenge to vector control programs, as employing interventions at a small scale is not always feasible. Spatial heterogeneity of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti in the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico presents unique vector control challenges


We mainly presented the modification of the cloud parameters in both temporal and spatial dimensions.The modification leads to a new drought monitoring model with a stable performance to variation of time and space of remote sensing data.This modification function was applied to regulate the 3 cloud impaction functions.Finally,we modified the new drought inspection model by evaluating different weights to the 3 cloud impaction functions.Meanwhile,we applied this new model to the FY-2C data covering the whole China.Compared with the traditional monitoring algorithms,the new model is proved to be capable of providing a more accurate and reliable result in large scale of time and space.


Dongfeng Branch did well the work of rubber technology demonstration,and extended the application of micro-cut tapping with gas-stimulation.After three years of practice and exploration,good economic and social benefits have been achieved.


A nonlinear analysis is performed numerically for the motion of an electrically conducting fluid between parallel plates in relative motion when a transverse magnetic field is applied. It is found that steady three-dimensional finite-amplitude solutions exist even when the linear analysis predicts an infinite critical Reynolds number.


Aim. Development of a method for optimization of spatial arrangement and angular position of magnetic field sensors of a closed system to ensure maximum efficiency of active silencing canceling of the magnetic field generated by overhead power lines. Methodology. Spatial arrangement and angular position of magnetic field sensors of closed loop system of overhead power lines magnetic field active silencing determined based on binary preference relations of local objective for multi-objective minimax optimization problem, in whith the vector objective function calculated based on Biot–Savart law. The solution of this vector minimax optimization problem calculated based on nonlinear Archimedes algorithm of multi-swarm multi-agent optimization. Results. Results of simulation and experimental research of optimal spatial arrangement and angular position of magnetic field sensors of a closed system to ensure maximum efficiency of active silencing of the magnetic field generated by overhead power lines with a barrel-type arrangement of wires. Originality. The method for optimization of spatial arrangement and angular position of magnetic field sensors of a closed system to ensure maximum efficiency of active shielding of the magnetic field generated by overhead power lines is developed. Practical value. An important practical problem optimization of spatial arrangement and angular position of magnetic field sensors of a closed system to ensure maximum efficiency of active silencing of the magnetic field generated by overhead power lines has been solved.


Abstract The effect of the fluence on the evolution of the distributions of 40 keV nitrogen-ions implanted into iron has been investigated. The distributions were determined by using the 15N(p, αγ)12C nuclear resonance reaction at 429 keV. The study shows a considerable reduction in the saturation areal density of ions retained, in relation to the simplest ion collection model. The mean sputtering yield for a 5–1017 ions-cm−2 fluence has been determined by 2 MeV-4He backscattering. Some experiments of isotopic marking by 14N and 15N implantations have brought some interesting features concerning the nitrogen distribution and the mixing. Two simple models were designed in order to justify our experimental results, but only one is presented here. This model is based upon a nitrogen outdiffusion linked to chemical reactions under beam.


Multi-state lawsuits, filed by U.S. state attorneys general (AGs), have become an important method by which state consumer protection laws are enforced. Patterns of participation in these lawsuits vary tremendously across the states, yet little is known about the factors driving this variation. I argue that state AGs are primarily concerned with achieving electoral and policymaking goals. Consequently, I expect AGs to be responsive to strong consumer interests and to participate in cases with severe infractions. Additionally, whether it is for public interest or electoral goals, AGs should be attracted to cases that promise bigger settlements. My analysis of each state's decision to join each of 172 multi-state lawsuits filed and settled between 1989 and 2002 provides support for each of these hypotheses.


We develop an overlapping generations model, where firms (as consumers) have a two-period life, investing in R&D during the first period and competing in the product market in the second period. The number of firms is endogenously determined and the set of successful firms by a Bernoullian random process. We show the possibility of an inverted-U relationship between innovation and product market competition for an individual industry, based on the possibility for non-successful firms to remain productive. When the relative cost advantage of successful firms is large (large innovation step or small spillovers) this possibility results from the probabilistic nature of the model.


Glycine is a precursor in the synthesis of DNA, protein, glutathione, and one‐carbon units. Glycine decarboxylation through glycine cleavage system (GCS) and glycine‐serine transformation by serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) require pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) as coenzyme.


In order to investigate the fresh keeping effects of different preservatives on Valencia orange[Citrus sinensis(L.)Osbeck] during storage,using Olinda Valencia orange and Midknight Valencia orange as the experimental materials,the physical and chemical indexes of oranges which were treated and stored at 8 ℃ in warehouse were analyzed.The results showed that wax treatment for 31 d could help promote the brightness of stored oranges while preventing it from water lost and improving the favor,thus was better than the solely application of medicament.The optimum preservation craft for Olinda Valencia orange was first immersing in 20 g/L o-phenyl phenol sodium(SOPP)+ 50 mg/L 2,4-D for 5 min,then in 600 times dilution of gengreen citrus preservative for 1 min,and finally manually waxing with WATER WAX.While for Midknight,wax FMC 890 was the best.


Increases in student-centered pedagogy have been more prevalent in K–12 education than in collegiate undergraduate science education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of using student-centered pedagogy advocated in K–12 education on introductory astronomy students' content knowledge, interest, and recall of content taught in the semester. Forty-two students participated in the study and took the Test Of Astronomy STandards (TOAST) at the beginning and end of the semester. The students had an average initial TOAST score of 37% and a post-TOAST score of 62%. Students also participated in surveys reporting their interest in astronomy, whether their interest in astronomy changed, and what they remembered from the course. Students (79%) reported the class increased their interest in astronomy in a survey given at the end of the semester. Students reported remembering the active-learning activities more than astronomical facts. These results show encouraging results for creating and implementing student-centered pedagogical techniques in college science courses of all disciplines. For physicist Richard Feynman (1999), science was about experiencing the "pleasure of finding the thing out, the kick of discovery" (p. 2). Despite Feynman's romanticization of science, lecture is the most prevalent teaching technique in college. Many introductory college science courses present science as a collection of facts and teach the history of science; such environments do not provide an opportunity for students to construct knowledge and learn the joy of discovery (Crawford, 2014; Duschl, 1990). Teaching K–12 science by implementing student-centered teaching techniques such as active learning and inquiry has been the focus of national science education reform documents published by the National Research Council (1996, 2000), and most recently with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS; NGSS Lead States, 2013), but student-centered pedagogy has received less attention at the college level. Introductory astronomy, often referred to as Astro 101, is a common introductory science class for students to chose, especially for nonscience majors. The number of students enrolled in Astro 101 in the United States from 1998 to 1999 was estimated to be 250,000 but has now risen to 500,000 (Fraknoi, 2002; Prather, 2013). This equates to approximately 20% of all college students taking Astro 101 during their undergraduate career; up to 25% of these students become STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) majors, and many of these students (up to 40%) will eventually select education as a major (Lawrenz, Huffman & Appeldoorn, 2005; Partridge & Greenstein, 2003; Prather, 2013).


Cascade integrator comb(CIC) filter can be applied to the rate-matching for quadrature modulator in OFDM modulation. The signals in frequency-domain(FD) are transformed to time-domain(TD) by IFFT module and then distorted by the passband droop of CIC filter. This problem can be solved in TD via FIR compensation filters which require expensive computation for high-rate processing. This paper presents a FD compensation method operated before IFFT module for CIC filter. The simulation shows that the proposed method performs well and can decrease computational cost largely.


Visiting Vancouver in advance of the 2010 Winter Olympics, David Littlefield discovered that the city was pressing two architectural agendas particularly hard: legacy and timber – the Canadian Northwest's principal natural resource. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In recent years, with the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable technology, the research and exploration of thermoelectric materials have been greatly promoted. However, traditional thermoelectric materials are rigid and brittle. Thermoelectric devices made of these materials usually cannot be closely attached to the heat and cold sources that provide temperature differences, thus limiting the application of thermoelectric materials. Therefore, manufacturing new high-performance flexible thermoelectric devices is still a huge challenge. In this work, polyimide/copper (PI/Cu) substrate was deposited by electron deposition technology. The flexible thermoelectric thin film device was fabricated by bonding [Formula: see text]-type and [Formula: see text]-type bismuth telluride (Bi2Te[Formula: see text] slurries onto the PI/Cu substrate. Then, the PDMS film was coated on the device to make the device waterproof and oxidation resistant. The output voltage and maximum power of this device, at the temperature of 80 K, reach 97.5 mV and 60 uW, respectively. After 200 cycles of cyclic bending experiments, 90% high conductivity retention can be maintained. It demonstrates that the new flexible thermoelectric thin film has good flexibility and excellent stability. This work provides a simple method for the preparation of flexible thermoelectric thin films and opens up a new way for its application in the sensing equipment and wearable device of the IoT.


This article addresses the problems of low network data delivery, inefficient cluster head selection and unbalance network load in multi-cluster non-uniform load networks in 3- Dimension MWSN (Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks).A clustering routing optimization strategy based on an ant colony algorithm constrained by a contention window is proposed. The value of the contention window for non-uniformly loaded nodes in a clustered network is analyzed, and a cluster head selection strategy is proposed that considers multiple factors such as contention window, network interference, and remaining energy. The transfer probability and pheromone update mechanism of the ant colony algorithm in the non-uniform network are further optimized using the contention window. The relationship between the contention window and the transfer probability as well as the minimum return ant number is revealed. The experimental results show that, ACCO-CW(Ant Colony Cluster Optimization based on Contention Window) strategy can improve the success rate of data transmission effectively.


In the article on the basis of analysis of historical aspect of evolution of international social legislation in the field of ground and providing people with the limited functional possibilities right for education the educational constituent of basic international-law documents is described in the context of the probed problem.


In this paper, we use 1-D semi classical Monte Carlo Method to investigate spin polarized transport in SiGe nanowires (SiGeNWs) having Ge mole fraction 0.3. We use a multi-subbands semi classical Monte Carlo approach to model spin dephasing. Monte Carlo simulations have been widely adopted to study electron transport in devices and have recently been used in conjunction with spin density matrix calculations to model spin transport. Spin dephasing in SiGeNWs is caused due to D'yakonov-Perel (DP) relaxation and due to Elliott-Yafet (EY) relaxation. The spin polarization is studied along the length of the SiGeNWs. The ensemble averaged spin components variation has been studied for SiGeNWs along the nanowires length. The effect of variation of nanowires diameter on spin dephasing length has been studied. It is found that as the diameter of nanowires increases spin dephasing length also increases and become saturated beyond some value of diameter, this is due to the reduction in surface roughness scattering, which is a dominant contributor to the total scattering rate.


Web caching is a technology that has demonstrated to improve traffic on the Internet. To find out how to implement a Web caching architecture that assures improvements is not an easy task. The problem is more difficult when we are interested in deploying a distributed and cooperative Web caching system. We have found that some cooperative Web architectures could be unviable when changes on the network environment appear. This situation suggests that a cooperative Web caching system could get worst access to Web objects. However in this paper we present an architecture that combines the best of several web caching configurations that have previously analyzed. Our architecture gives basic ideas for implementing a cooperative Web caching system using groups of HTTP proxy servers which can improve access to remote Web objects regardless of the changes that might occur on the network environment (changes that could produce modifications in web object validation policies and/or types of caching communication).


The paper analyzes how and why, in the early 20 th century, women came to constitute the majority of elementary school teachers in Mexico City. A study is made of the statistical tendencies during the time period, the criteria for hiring and promotion, and the professional profile of teachers by sex, as well as the discourses on women and teaching. In 1875, 56.8% of all teachers were women; thirty years later, out of 1,046 teachers, 76.2% were women. Two factors were decisive: a) educational opportunities were created for girls to attend elementary school in numbers equal to their male classmates, reflected in employment opportunities for female teachers; and b) men became uninterested in attending normal school, while a large numbers of female teachers were certified. In conclusion, I analyze the discourses on sexual difference.


Once who has developed a complete high-performance embedded digital signal parallel processing platform, its performance testing and fault diagnosing is a task must be completed. For an advanced embedded parallel processing platform, we have built a performance test and fault diagnosis platform, the main interface of the client program send the test command to the server side by the network interface program, the server-side download the DSP or FPGA program to the board through the PCI-E driver program, and then read the test results, send the results back to the main interface program to complete the testing process. Performance test used to ensure the performance of the system running to meet user's demand, play an important role in quality assurance. Fault diagnosis is also required during the development stage.


When an automobile has a continuous variable transmission (CVT), it is possible to reduce the fuel consumption by controlling both throttle valve angle and CVT gear ratio simultaneously. The main reason for this is that the fuel consumption of the engine becomes tolerably economical when it runs with an operating condition of low speed and high torque rather than high speed and low torque. But changing the value of the throttle valve angle or CVT gear ratio naturally affects the automobile speed. Therefore control theory such as decoupling control or multi-input output control becomes necessary. Reported here is the optimization fuel consumption control using a decoupling control theory. Also, modelling of the relevant system (engine∼CVT∼load system) was performed for designing the decoupling control system and for simulation studies. The experiments achieved the expected results.


Abstract The present study provides a full edition and commentary of the three glossaries in Oxford, Bodleian Library, Barlow 35, fol. 57r–v. These glossaries, which were first partly edited and discussed by Liebermann (1894), are comprised of excerpts from Ælfric's Grammar and Glossary arranged by subject. The selection of material from the two Ælfrician works witnesses to the interests of the glossator. The first glossary in Barlow 35 collects Latin grammatical terms and verbs followed by their Old English equivalents. The second glossary is drawn from the chapter on plant names of Ælfric's Glossary, with interpolations from other chapters of the same work. This glossary also features twelfth-century interlinear notations, which seem to have a metatextual function. The third glossary combines excerpts from Ælfric's Glossary with verbs derived from the Grammar. Liebermann transcribed only part of the glosses and gave a brief commentary on the glossaries as well as parallels with Zupitza's (1880) edition of Ælfric's Grammar and Glossary; hence the need for a new edition, which is provided in the present study, along with a comprehensive discussion of the glossaries and a reassessment of the correspondences concerning their Ælfrician sources.


In the past decade, the evaluation of the pelvic support for understanding pelvic floor dysfunction by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been an emerging area of research. Both static and dynamic MRI techniques have been effectively applied as a diagnostic resource to reveal abnormalities to the muscular pelvic support, but fail to unravel the precise pathophysiology of this complex disorder. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography comprise enhanced MRI techniques that enable the three‐dimensional visualization of anisotropic tissue, such as muscle fibers, and provide a quantitative description of tissue organization and integrity. Quantifying DTI and fiber tractography might be able to reveal microstructural abnormalities in the pelvic support that are not noticeable using conventional MRI techniques. In this article, we discuss relevant anatomy, the current state of DTI and tractography in the evaluation of the female pelvic floor, and their potential future clinical applications. Clin. Anat. 26:110–114, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


THE INVESTIGATION DESCRIBED IN THIS REPORT REPRESENTS RESEARCH BY THE OREGON STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT TO DEVELOP EQUATIONS WHICH CAN BE USED TO PREDICT ACCIDENTS ON RURAL 2-LANE HIGHWAYS FROM ROADWAY ELEMENTS SUCH AS ADT, LANE WIDTH, SHOULDER WIDTH, SLIGHT DISTANCE RESTRICTIONS, COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL DRIVEWAYS, AND INTERSECTIONS. A SAMPLE OF NEARLY 1,400 MILES OF 2-LANE HIGHWAYS WAS UTILIZED. THE DATA WERE ANALYZED THROUGH THE USE OF MULTIPLE CORRELATION TECHNIQUES. THE RESULT OF THE ANALYSIS IS A SERIES OF EQUATIONS WHICH CAN BE USED TO PREDICT TOTAL ACCIDENTS ON RURAL 2-LANE HIGHWAYS IN OREGON. THE IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS WHICH CAN BE DRAWN FROM THE FINDINGS OF THE STUDY ARE AS FOLLOWS: (1) MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS ARE DIRECTLY RELATED TO VEHICLE VOLUMES AND CERTAIN PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE HIGHWAY. THIS RELATIONSHIP IS STRONG ENOUGH IN THE HIGHER ADT RANGES TO MAKE POSSIBLE REASONABLE ACCURATE PREDICTIONS OF TOTAL ACCIDENTS ON THE BASIS OF KNOWN PHYSICAL FEATURES. (2) ACCESS TO THE HIGHWAY THROUGH DRIVEWAYS OR INTERSECTIONS IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO ACCIDENTS AT ALL ADT LEVELS. THE NUMBER OF ACCESS POINTS IS A REASONABLY GOOD PREDICTIVE INDEX OF THE NUMBER OF POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS WITHIN AN ADT GROUP. (3) ALTHOUGH THE HIGHWAY DESIGN ELEMENTS SUCH AS LANE WIDTH, SHOULDER WIDTH, AND SIGHT DISTANCE RESTRICTION ARE RELATED TO ACCIDENTS, THEY DO NOT ORDINARILY SERVE AS GOOD PREDICTORS OF THE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS. GENERALLY SPEAKING, WIDER LANES, WIDER SHOULDERS, AND UNIMPAIRED SIGHT DISTANCE RESULT IN A SAFER HIGHWAY. (4) AN ANALYSIS OF THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT CONFIRMS THE THEORY THAT ACCIDENTS ARE ESSENTIALLY CHANCE OCCURRENCES RESULTING FROM ERRORS IN JUDGMENT. THE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS INCREASES WITH THE NUMBER OF SITUATIONS PRESENTING A CHANGE IN CONDITIONS, AND THEREFORE REQUIRING A DECISION ON THE PART OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATOR. THESE DATA CONFIRM THIS THEORY IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS: (1) ACCIDENTS ON LOW VOLUME ROADS DO NOT APPEAR TO BE RELATED TO ANY ROADWAY FEATURE, (2) ACCIDENTS INCREASE WHEN: (1) VEHICLE VOLUME INCREASES (2) ACCESS POINTS INCREASE, (3) SIGHT DISTANCE IS IMPAIRED, (4) THE CROSS-SECTION IS REDUCED. /AUTHOR/


Jones College freshman Alisha Giles, Lovett sophomore Clifton Confident, Hanszen senior Daryl Shorter and Wless Junior Chri&Carr, part of the Melodious Voices of Praise, performed gospel songs at the Coffeehouse Tuesday night in honor of Black History Month. Rice and Fondren Library now have access T7T UNIVerse , a W e b interface to LEXJR-NEX1S. Coordinator of Collection Development and Electronic Information Kerry Keck said UNIVerse u se r s will have access to over one billion d o c u m e n t s f r o m t h o u s a n d s of sources . "LEXIS-NEXIS p rov ides constantly updated full-text .docum e n t s f rom t h o u s a n d s of general interest wire services, newspape r s and m a g a z i n e s f r o m a r o u n d the world," Keck said. LEXIS-NEXIS also provides acces s to company profi les and financial reports , government transcripts, t rade journals and academic and legal da tabases . A link to UNIVerse can b e found under the "Online Indexes and D a tabases" and "Electronic Journa ls" head ings on the Fondren W e b page, a l t hough l icens ing r e q u i r e m e n t s force Fondren to block access from library works ta t ions that do not re quire a passwordK e c k s a i d . L E X I S N E X I i UNIVerse provides two major benefi ts to Rice faculty and staff: content and convenience . "With fuH-text acces s to t h e content of newspapers, periodicals and re fe rence titles on LEXIS-NEXIS, m e m b e r s of the Rice communi ty can access needed information from the conven iences of their colleges, offices and homes ," she said. LEXIS-NEXIS is t h e mos t reques ted on-line resource . Keek said. "The previous corpora te ownersh ip wouldn't sell it to universi t ies that didn' t have a law school or a school of journal ism ... but the new corporate owner s have a different philosophy," she said. Fondren recently joined a small g roup of T e x a s l ibraries that negotiated r educed subscr ipt ion pr ices lotaccess to LEXIS-NEXIS UNIVerse. H o w e v e r , F o n d r e n ' s v e r s i o n of LEXIS-NEXIS does not contain data Set: LEXIS-NEXIS I'.iL-e « tiB


The fact that the expansion and intensification of agriculture has been the major driver of past biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation globally is beyond dispute. It is highly likely that these trends will continue through the 21st century, unless action is taken to design effective management strategies for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. To do this, we first need to recognize that some biodiversity is retained in farmland, and that it is the degree of biodiversity retention that we need to understand and effectively manage. We need to understand which biodiversity components are retained as a natural ecosystem is converted to agriculture and why; how community dynamics affect biodiversity retention; and how we can effectively manage biodiversity retention. These questions are being addressed, but much remains to be done; and we have to accept that progress will be contentious. Challenging as these questions are, conservationists cannot address them in isolation. Multifunctional ecosystem science and policy linked to human well‐being is the ultimate goal. While the goal seems distant and daunting, integration between relevant research disciplines is happening, research funding is beginning to recognize the need for better integration and policy has to respond. Conservation science has a key role to play and must be ready to meet this challenge.


1 The effect of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) on acid secretion by a rat isolated stomach preparation has been studied. 2 5‐HT at 10−5 M in the serosal bathing fluid produced significant inhibition of the acid secretory responses to histamine, pentagastrin and isoprenaline but was without effect on basal secretion or that due to bethanechol, dibutryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (db cyclic AMP) or phosphodiesterase inhibition with ICI 63197. Increasing the concentration of 5‐HT to 5 × 10−5 m did not change this pattern of response whilst 5‐HT at 10−6 M did not cause consistent inhibition. 3 The inhibitory action of 5‐HT could be prevented by the antagonist methysergide (2.5 × 10−5 m). This concentration of methysergide alone did not affect responses to secretagogues or basal acid output. 4 Neither propranolol (2.5 × 10−5 m) nor tetrodotoxin (10−6 m) antagonized the inhibitory action of 5‐HT. 5 Both indomethacin (2.8 × 10−5 m) and ibuprofen (2.4 × 10−4 m) antagonized the action of 5‐HT. Indomethacin alone had no effect upon secretagogue responses. 6 5‐HT at 10−5 m had no inhibitory action when applied to the mucosal side of the preparation. 7 The results indicate that 5‐HT can act directly on the stomach of the rat to produce inhibition of acid output. This inhibition is selective and may involve the products of cyclo‐oxygenase activity.


An electrical variable transmission (EVT) is an electromagnetic device with dual mechanical and electrical ports. In hybrid electric vehicles (HEV's) it is used to split the power to the wheels in a part coming from the combustion engine and a part exchanged with the battery. The most important feature is that the power splitting is done in an electromagnetic way. This has the advantage over mechanical power splitting devices of reduced maintenance, high efficiency and inherent overload protection. Depending on the operating point part of the power is transmitted in an electromagnetic way, while the rest is transmitted electrically using two back to back inverters. The power flow determines the power rating of the inverters, the cooling and the machine design. This paper gives an overview of the different operating points and the corresponding power flow.


This article focuses on the methodological challenges involved in investigating anaphoric binding in Norwegian as a second language. Norwegian anaphors can be bound both locally and non-locally, and since anaphors vary cross-linguistically, it is interesting to explore whether and where L2 speakers of Norwegian allow such target-like local and non-local binding in their L2. Sentences with two possible antecedents might be ambiguous for L2 speakers, and the truth-value judgment task is generally considered to be the best method for eliciting knowledge of L2 speakers' intuitions of anaphoric binding in ambiguous sentences. In Norwegian, long-distance binding cannot cross a finite clause boundary, and the long-distance anaphor cannot be locally bound. Because of this, the truth-value judgment task is sometimes less adequate for testing all relevant binding structures in Norwegian. Dialectal variations in Norwegian pose additional challenges for the study of the acquisition of anaphors in an L2. This paper discusses the implications of these methodological challenges.


A fictitious cigarette brand, "launched" at the 11th World Conference on Tobacco or Health, appears to have been adopted by Philip Morris


Abstract Gall midges are reported for the first time in Late Eocene Rovno amber from the Olevsk, Zhitomir Region. This is the second amber locality to yield gall midges in the Zhitomir Region, after Gulyanka. Rovnoholoneurus gen. n. and two new species, Rovnoholoneurus davidi sp. n. and R. miyae sp. n. are described. Bryocrypta laqueata Fedotova, 2005 is transferred to the genus Rovnoholoneurus, and Rovnoholoneurus laqueatus (Fedotova, 2005), comb. n. is established. A key to the species of Rovnoholoneurus is provided.


Single-core MgB2 wires have been made by the powder-in-tube method using commercial Mg and B powders (Alfa Aesar) and two-axial rolling deformation in FeNiCo alloy and pure iron sheaths. Deformed wires were subjected to annealing at temperatures ranging from 500 up to 750 °C for 30 min in argon atmosphere. Resistive (R(T)) and transport current (Ic(B)) measurements have shown how the sintering temperature influences the critical temperature and critical current densities. Strong inter-diffusion and reaction especially between the Mg + B core and FeNiCo sheath has been observed. This reaction is mostly responsible for the presented differences in the critical parameters of FeNiCo and iron sheathed wires.


We present a mathematical model of single scatter in PET for a detector system possessing excellent energy resolution. Derivation of the model exploits assumptions widely used in PET and SPECT modalities for unscattered photons forward modeling. Integral equations describing a flux of photons emanating from the same annihilation event and undergoing a single scattering with a certain angle are derived in both 2D and 3D cases. Preliminary results of numerical experiments are presented.


A recent discovery of a single female specimen of the rare bat flea, Eptescopsylla chapini (Jordan), taken from a big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois), in Hocking County, Ohio, is worthy of special mention. The collection and subsequent identification of bat fleas is an exceptional occurrence.


B ruce Eckfeldt asked an important question in " What Does RFID Do for the Consumer? " (Sept. 2005) but missed an important distinction. The two examples he cited—EZ-Pass and SpeedPass—of systems that have won consumer acceptance are both voluntary. No one is forced to use them, and users can still pay with cash or credit card. The systems that seem to have attracted the most commercial interest (due perhaps to cost savings or administrative convenience) are typically not voluntary. If Wal-Mart or Land's End embeds RFID tags in garments without my being able to remove them or does not offer the same garments without RFID, I have no choice in the matter. Given the opportunity for abuse, it is precisely this lack of choice that sends me elsewhere when buying clothes. W hat motivates such strong consumer opposition to RFID technology (Sept. 2005)? For one thing, many of us don't like being labeled " consumers, " as it tends to distill out most of our existence as human beings. It is precisely our non-consumer aspects that motivate us to oppose the widespread use of RFID. I'm familiar with the technology; the badge I wear at work uses it to open security doors on a daily (sometimes hourly) basis. I accept the tracking of my movements at work as a condition of employment. The jump to facilitating round-the-clock tracking for, say, an easier warranty return process or a product purchase is astronomical. Any assurance that the tags are used only in stores and could otherwise be disabled is laughable. The chances of my noticing an RFID reader hidden on a street corner is negligible. The confidence I might have in the related security is less than negligible. I'll continue to boycott all products with nonremovable RFID tags, hoping they become a bad memory rather than a continuing threat. D avid A. Patterson's " President's Letter " (" Restoring the Popularity of Computer Science, " Sept. 2005) made interesting reading here in Australia where universities have suffered even greater drops in enrollment over the past four years than the numbers he reported. For example, in the state of Queens-land, from the peak year of 2001, the number of applications for IT programs through the state's central application service has dropped more than 70%. While the University of Queensland has been spared some of the more severe effects due to its strong …


Purpose: Financial institutions improves the well-being of participants through job creation, increasing income and building assets (wealth). It makes poor people to be homeowners through schemes such as housing microfinance. The overall objective of this study was to examine influence of access to finances and poverty reduction in developing countries. A critical literature review
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: This study concluded that access to home improvement finances led to improvement in living conditions from living in shanties to permanent dwellings hence better living conditions and reduction in poverty. Access to school fees loans led to higher enrolment rates in schools improving literacy levels in developing countries and hence reducing poverty. Lower interest rates led to more access to microfinance loans and in the long run a reduction in poverty, availability of collaterals meant ability to pay and credit worthiness of respondent's hence easier access to microfinance loans which leads to poverty reduction in the long run. Favourable credit policy led to increased access to microfinance loans and vice versa.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: This study recommended that financial institutions that are able to give out loans to help serve the poor, should arrange mechanisms to improve technical and business skills of the poorest through training and loan utilization. This will enhance their business skills to use credit and establish market channels for their products.


Aiming at the aero-acoustics problem of swept axial fan,taken the large eddy simulation(LES) and the FW-H method based on the Lighthill sound analogy to simulate the unsteady flow of the fan.Through the fast Fourier transform(FFT) process,the far field pneumatic noise pressure level distribution of the fan was acquired.Compared and researched pneumatic noise pressure level distribution pattern and properties of time-domain and frequency-domain in the rotate domain with three different rotate speed.The results show that the noise pressure level in the rotate domain increases with the increasing of rotate speed.The separate vortex of affect region and intensity in the leading edge were in peak at a rotate speed.In a spin cycle,pressure pulsation present six peaks and troughs value,which verified that the blade rotation frequency was the main driving frequency of aerodynamic noise in the fan.


OF THE DISCUSSION Mr H. P. J Karsten (opening the discussion): I agree with the author about the uncertainty of objectives facing a corporation (§ 10.4). A decision-making body such as an executive board can be irrational when it takes majority decisions even when all the constituent members of the board are rational. Thus suppose the board has three members A,B,C, and there are three alternative decisions X, Y,Z. If A has the preference X > Y > Z, B has the preference Y > Z > X, and C has the preference Z>X>Y, the majority prefer X to Y, Y to Z and Z to X. This is irrational, and it contradicts Assumption 2 (§ 3.1.). In textbooks on time series and forecasting it is often assumed that there are much data, perhaps forty or fifty points, and few preconceived notions as to where the future points will lie. In many practical cases there may be only a few points and a forecast is required for a small number of periods ahead. An attempt to provide a forecast by extrapolating into the future will be unreliable unless prior information is inserted into the mathematical process. Consider some data on claim frequency taken over four or five quarters and seasonally adjusted. We could perform a linear regression of claim frequency against time, but the estimates are improved when a prior probability distribution on the forecast claim frequency is inserted into the mathematical process so that the final forecast takes into account both the past data and the prior probabilities. One result of this approach that is intuitively reasonable is that the further the forecasts go into the future, the less attention is paid to the past observed claims frequencies and the more attention is paid in the forecasts to prior belief. Section 5 concerns the problem of applying probabilities to unrepeatable events, which is impor- tant not only to individuals contemplating life assurance, but also to all making one-off forecasts. Economic forecasting generally and the estimation of outstanding claims by a general insurance company fall into this category. The forecasts are made on all the data available at that time, and such conditions will never recur. For example, when forecasting outstanding claims there are special factors pertaining to every year of accident, whether they be the mix of the business, the weather experienced, inflation, the introduction of new statistical data collection systems, or different procedures for handling claims. It is difficult to envisage a universe of possible random outcomes from which the future is one realization, and a more realistic description of decision-taking is that there are prior beliefs which are modified by the data currently available. Formula 13(a) assumes both the prior distribution and the conditional distribution to be normal, but the assumption of normality is not necessary and is the best in the class of unbiased linear estimators in that it minimizes the mean square error where the mean square error is defined using the prior distribution. This is the credibility premium defined by H. Buhlmann {Mathematical Methods of Risk Theory, Berlin: Springer Verlag 1970). It is easy to agree both with the paper and with the formula if the underlying interpretation of the problem is Bayesian since prior, posterior and utility function are there well defined. The difficulty with the credibility formula occurs if the underlying interpretation is not Bayesian, and if the prior distribution for the unknown parameter represents the complex information we have about the different risk classes and the relationships between them. I would plead for some form of testing of economic forecasts. The Treasury and other bodies in the public sector issue forecasts concerning prices, salaries, employment, and interest rates, but little publicity is given to analysing past forecasts in the light of the actual experience. In the American weather forecasting case statistical tests have been carried out. For economic forecasts nonpara- metric tests for bias and for a measure of accuracy would be appropriate. Bayes' Theorem for events follows directly from the definitions of probability, but Bayes' Theorem as cited in § 6.4 refers to a space containing hypotheses and events. For it to apply we must assume the axioms of probability apply to hypotheses. It is not intuitively obvious that we can have a probability measure defined on all hypotheses of interest, particularly as we are unable to define probabilities for all events and some events with non-determinable probability can be defined for the uniform distribution on (0, 1). Many difficulties with Bayesian methods are caused by computation difficulties and by insuffi- ciently realistic prior distributions. It would be difficult to set up a multivariate distribution express-


Effective partition of the input and output spaces must be involved when sample data is transformed into some qualitative rules.When dealing with multidimensional sample data,the point mentioned above is much more difficult.For the purpose of handling that problem,an improvement on scale cloud transform method is proposed,named two-dimension scale cloud transform method with the purpose of handling two-dimension sample data.The two-dimension T-S cloud controller also presented.An example is researched to prove the validity of this new method,and the simulation results show that the new method is simple,powerful,and the new T-S cloud controller consisted of the rules generated by the new method can reproduce the original data very well,and that the number of intelligible rules is few.


This paper investigates the deviation between ownership and control for private listed companies in China. It is found that firm controlling owners tend to use pyramid structure to amplify control rights without significantly increase their investment. Compared with other East Asia Economies which are well known for a significant gap between ownership and control, China has a higher level of separation. Further analysis indicates that the more ownership exceeds control, the lower the firm value. Chinese private companies also have shown to exhibit stronger monitoring effects on managers and "tunneling" motives by controlling shareholders. Finally, this paper results in some useful policy implications.


The technical and administrative restructuring of the company Plastic GyD, had as its purpose the implementation of the basic concepts of industrial engineering, where internal and external factors were analyzed to the company Plastic GyD, in order to propose integral solutions at operational and administrative level , the financial indicators allowed to sustain the feasibility, viability and profitability of the project.


A dual economy model is used to analyze the preconditions for successful industrialization under different trading and investment regimes. Assuming increasing returns to scale in industry and decreasing returns in agriculture, it is shown that protectionism may aid economic development at some point in a country's development process but retard it at others, that the desirable degree of openness depends on the stage of development already attained, and that improvements in agricultural productivity may reduce the overall rate of growth under a free-trade regime. Applying the model to Mexico, it is argued that liberalization is likely to bring long-run industrialization in the Mexican case but that this strategy implies substantial costs to a large segment of the population in the short and medium term. Copyright 1998 by Oxford University Press.


Process for treating heat-sensitive in a facility uperizacion (UHT) (1), wherein the liquid food product (P) is directly heated with steam (D) to sterilize, liquid food products (P) the product food heated (P *) is kept hot for a residence time defined and controlled, and where, then the food product kept warm (P **) water is removed in an amount corresponding to water vapor (D) previously supplied by discharge pressure to a lower, wherein pressure - the heated food product (P *), upstream of its heat maintenance, experiences increased predetermined pressure (Dp) in a predetermined and unchanging place, - the level pressure upstream of the point of discharge pressure is higher than the pressure level upstream of the place in front of the pressure increase (Dp), - increasing pre sion (Dp) is dimensioned so that the food product kept warm (P **), upstream and directly in front of its discharge pressure and after a pressure drop determined by current losses and friction heat maintenance It presents a system pressure (p) at least 1.5 bar above the pressure upstream of the pressure increase (Dp), and - the system pressure (p) downstream of pressure increase (Dp) is uncoupled from said upstream pressure.


Seven species of introduced freshwater snails are found in Barcelona: Potamopyrgus jenkinsi, Radix aff. auricularia, Pseudosuccinea columella, Lymnaea stagnalis, Physella
(Haitia) virgata berendti, Planorbella (Seminolina) duryi seminole, and Ferrissia (Pettancylus)
wautieri. P. jenkinsi and F. Wautieri are widespread in Europe, the latter being perhaps
an autochthonous element. R. all. auricularia clearly belongs to the R. auricularia complex,
but differs from other Catalan populations; it has persisted in artificial ponds for almost 70 years. P. columella is a common species in America, has been introduced in many parts of the world, has been reported from several european cities and lives in artificial
and semi-natural ponds in Barcelona and Blanes, although later disappeared. P. virgata berendti
has a wide distribution in North America and lives in artificial ponds in Barcelona. P. duryi seminole is endemic to Florida but has been introduced, some times deliberately, in many parts of the world; it lives in artificial ponds in Barcelona. P. columella, P. virgata berendti and P. duryi seminole are new for the Catalan and Iberian faunas,
and P. virgata berendti is new for Europe. Some of these introduced snails ( R. all. auricularia,
P. columella and L. stagnalis ) could represent health threats, the role of Lymnaeidae
as intermediate hosts of fascioliasis being well known.


One approach to designing signal processors for speech recognition has been to model the mammalian auditory system. Most designs have not attempted to capture the time‐varying nature of the system, but have focused on the psychophysical aspects of critical bandwidth and loudness estimation. The IBM 5000‐word speech recognition system [Bahl et al., IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. PAMI‐5, 179–190 (1983)] uses an auditory model in which psychophysical critical‐band tuning and loudness estimation are combined with a firing‐rate model patterned after that of Schroeder and Hall [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 1055–1060 (1974)]. The signal processing system consists of a critical‐bandwidth filter bank, loudness estimation (intensity to the 1/3 power), and a reservoir‐type firing‐rate model with one internal state for each band. This model enhances transient events in the auditory signal, and causes rapid stimulus offsets to be marked by outputs smaller than the resting rate. The use of this auditory model in ...


The return of the Society of Toxicology's Annual Meeting to New Orleans is met with mixed emotions. Of course, it is great to be back for our seventh visit after an 11-year hiatus, yet the reason for the interlude still lingers. In 2005, months after our last meeting in New Orleans the hurricane Katrina made landfall in the heart of the city. The levees designed to protect the city were overwhelmed by the storm surge, submerging much of the city under a mix of seawater and debris. The complex natural and societal disaster upended the city. Thousands of families were relocated, homes were destroyed, and lives lost. The city was forever altered. As New Orleans was recovering from Katrina, it was impacted by another Gulf Coast disaster. In 2010, an explosion on the British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon drilling rig caused the largest oil spill in U.S. history. Communities and industries that relied on the Gulf of Mexico for their livelihoods were devastated and left to deal with a scourge of oil. However, in the wake of both tragedies it was clear that New Orleans would continue to be New Orleans. The traditions, the music, the people, the food; their absence was merely temporary. New Orleans has bounced back in a tremendous way. Just a few years after Katrina, the Superdome, which had served as an emergency shelter during the storm, was home to a Super Bowl Champion football team. The Saints' resurgence was symbolic of the city's recovery. Hurricane Katrina revealed the importance and utility of the field of toxicology. The floodwaters churned up decades of persistent chemicals that had been deposited on the bottom of Lake Pontchartrain from the variety of industries and plants in the surrounding area. The breeched levees allowed water to saturate the city for weeks, promoting excessive mold growth with its associated toxins. Even the response to the disaster had a toxicological connection. The Federal Emergency Management Agency delivered hundreds of mobile homes to provide shelter to the city's refugees. These newly manufactured homes were found to have considerable levels of formaldehyde, which led to the mobilization of toxicologists. Toxicologists from the Environmental Protection Agency, the Centers for Disease Control, and from neighboring and distant universities were brought in to evaluate the dangers. Their expertise was marshaled to evaluate the shortand long-term impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil disaster. Research on the toxicological implications of both incidents continues to this day. While many toxicologists do not view their work as disaster preparedness and response, the scientific knowledge the field accumulates is crucial in such situations. Communities around the world benefit from the collective wisdom of the field of toxicology and New Orleans is just one notable example. Fortunately, the occasion for the thousands of toxicologists descending on New Orleans this month is not a natural or manmade disaster, but rather a spirited intellectual gathering. The Annual Meeting allows us to stay abreast of the latest scientific advances, reconnect with colleagues, and discuss future experiments. I hope to see much of that exciting science submitted to Toxicological Sciences. Being hosted by New Orleans is an honor. The city and the French Quarter are superb examples of how diverse cultures can add figurative and literal flavor to life. The resilience of the community is commendable and we can do our part to contribute to the ongoing recovery of New Orleans: visit the local businesses, spend money, tip your servers, buy souvenirs, visit Bourbon street, listen to some jazz, and savor the local cuisine. I am already craving the crawfish etoufee and beignets.


This paper describes a complete system for the recognition of isolated hand written character as well as streams of images by using counter algorithm and Hidden-Markov model (HMM). The HMM has the property that its states are not defined as a priory information, but are determined automatically based on a database of handwritten numerals images. In this paper we have find the result of basic character recognition using HMM, we have also try to find out the wrong character recognition for colored text, colored images for character recognition as well as we have also checked for feature vector by default character recognition used to compare the various algorithms used. KeywordsHMM, segmentation, neural network, character recognition, counter algorithm, otsu image threshold algorithm.


A new approach based on recursive polynomials for behavioral modeling of RF power amplifiers is presented. The orthogonal least squares algorithm is introduced for the identification of the structure of the recursive polynomial. It provides an efficient means for removing the unnecessary terms from the general recursive polynomial and guarantees the model so obtained as simple as possible. This modeling approach does not require the complicated nonlinear parameter estimation procedure. The results in section TV prove that the model can predict the behavior of the amplifier under different signal excitations accurately.


The present study analyzed how the periodic market system, as a traditional institution located in the hinterland, has contributed to the development of rural Korea. The emphasis of the study is on...


In order to ensure non-coal mine production safety and prevent the occurrence of safety accidents,this paper presents a LabVIEW-based safety monitoring system used in non-coal mine,in which the multi-volume(disc spring stress,brake clearance) mutual testing method is used to guarantee that the hoist can warn accurately and timely before the accident happens and the accident can be avoided.Based on the use of virtual instrument development platform LabVIEW,the hoist safety monitoring system software is developed,using program and calculation to determine whether the braking system is ineffective.


This university chaplain takes a pragmatic approach to the question, " Can virtue be taught in the university?" which may seem cynical at first glance. There are significant difficulties in answering the question, including the lack of an adequate definition of terms, the overwhelming influence of Christian and western approaches to the question, the "unvirtue" experienced by many learners and the innate resistance of students to hearing the word "virtue" Constructive solutions include avoiding theoretical propositional approaches, fostering moral seriousness, making discussion immediate and relevant to learners and, finally, creating communities in which to pursue the search . Not " Virtue " but " virtues " are possible to teach and are already evident in student populations.


A spontaneous squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in the oral cavity of an adult female squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Immunohistochemical analysis of the neoplasm demonstrated cytokeratin and vimentin, but not S100 or desmin in the neoplastic epithelial cells.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to find a new toughening agent for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin and to check effectiveness of this new toughening agent to obtain toughness and chemical resistance of cured epoxy.Design/methodology/approach – For this purpose, an investigation was carried out to synthesise, characterise and to study the toughening reaction of amine functional aniline furfuraldehyde condensate (AFAFFC) with DGEBA resin. AFAFFC was first synthesised from the reaction of aniline and furfuraldehyde in the acid medium (pH‐4) and characterised by FT‐IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and concentration of primary and secondary amine analysis. Then various formulations were made by mixing DGEBA, AFAFFC and ambient temperature curing agent triethylene tetramine (TETA) in different compositions and the modified networks were evaluated to their mechanical and thermal properties. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies and thermogravime...


Sap flow (SF)of a willow tree, meteorological variables, soil water content, and water table depth were measured during the growing period from mid-April to October, 2011 in the semi-arid Hailiutu River catchment, Northwest China. The measurements of SF showed diurnal fluctuations in sunny days and seasonal changes from 1.65 l/h in mid-April to 33 l/h in July. At hourly scale, SF is significantly correlated with net radiation, followed by air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. At daily scale, air temperature affects the dynamics of SF significantly. Daily SF correlates positively with net radi- ation and negatively with relative humidity. There is no correlation observed between daily SF and wind speed. The measurements of SF do not indicate water stress although the experimental period is dry. Correlation analysis shows that SF is strongly correlated with soil moisture and water table depth, indicating the willow tree uses both soil water and groundwater for transpiration.


In many ways, psychoanalysis revolutionized attitudes about sexuality. Yet by undertheorizing female erotic passion and downplaying the role of the clitoris, psychoanalysis perpetuated a long historical tradition of denying essential aspects of women's sexual experience. Psychoanalysis has at times contributed to women perceiving their own bodily erotic excitement as frightening, dangerous, and out of control. In this reply to the commentaries, the authors continue to explore the ways in which women and women's experience, especially their embodied sexual experience, are so often rendered invisible.


Objective: To investigate the isolation, purification and culture methods of chicken embryonic germ cells(EGCs) on feeder layer cells of mice embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs). Methods: Mice embryonic fibroblasts from the mice embryos of 12.5~13.5 days were cultured for over 18 passages(4 months). Numerous primordial germ cells colonies were derived from gonadal ridges of 5.5-day-old chicken embryos. At primary culture, chicken primordial germ cells(PGCs) were co-cultured with the gonadal stromal cells. For subculture the PGCs were plated with mitotically inactive feeder layer cells of mice embryonic fibroblasts. The medium composed of growth factors and differentiation inhibitory factors. Results: The cultures had some characteristics of embryonic germ cells, such as the ability to be continuously passed(passage 15) and the morphology of periodic acid-Shiff reaction(PAS) positive. The cultures would differentiated into several kinds of cells under the condition of devoid of LIF and feeder layer cells, such as fibroblast cells, neurocytes, autorhythmic cells, etc. When cultured in suspention, they successfully formed embryoid bodies. All of which indicate that the cells obtained were EGCs. Conclusion: Continuously proliferating EGCs can be obtained on feeder layer cells of MEFs.


To present the logos of parameterize virtual assembly based on Pro/E,and to use the logos of top-down assembly to execute virtual assembly design for boom type roadheader rear support bracket.The development cycle and raise the productivity effect in modeling technique of virtual assembly can been cut down availably.


The question of interaction among family farmers, researchers and extension agents of government institutions was widely debated in the academic environment in the years 1980-90. Some recent innovative experiences in different Brazilian regions show a considerable change in the communication among these actors. A study on "best practices" of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco - IPA considering the period 1990-2008 shows how and what is changing in the practical approach of researchers and extension agents for reducing the gap between farmers at the base of the system of food production, researchers, "in the ivory tower" and extension agents included in the system of scientific production and information and technology transfer. Tracking the route for research and development and technical assistance and rural extension (TARE) focused on the familiar agriculture shows an awareness and position of the actors. What changes: methods, means and content, improving the real approximation among the actors and the appropriation of public policies in pursuit of sustainable rural development through participatory intervention methodologies. The establishment of Research and Collective Learning Units presents itself as viable strategy, especially with regard to environmental education with valorization of land resources. This article seeks to demonstrate the advances and weaknesses in the generation and communication of technological innovations for the conversion of systems of agricultural production existing in the Atlantic Rain Forest in the state of Pernambuco into systems considered environmentally correct.


Cycads survived an evolutionary bottleneck to diversify into today's ∼300 species. The fossil records of some living organisms show that they were once more abundant and widespread than today. These organisms are sometimes called "living fossils," especially when their morphology closely resembles that of their fossils. Classic examples are coelacanths, the Ginkgo tree, and cycads (see the figure). On page 796 of this issue, Nagalingum et al. (1) show that today's cycads evolved from a small number of ancestor species that lived no more than around 12 million years ago.


Poster: "2016 ASM / R-0070 / A Review of the Atypical Appearances of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia On MRI" by: "K. O'Donnell1, A. Upton1, V. Muralidharan2; 1VIC/AU, 2Melbourne/AU"


The buckling of imperfect shells is the most challenging problem in industry and an understanding of the buckling load of shells structure is needed to assure the integrity of these shells during their service life. To get a better understanding on this problem, a study was conducted to examine the buckling load of axially compressed cone with crack that have different orientation and length. 1-mm mild steel was chosen in this study. A mild steel plate has been cut using Waterjet machine and rolled using rolling machine in a form of 21 conical shells. There are three types of crack introduced to the cones which are axial, circumferential and angled crack. Every type of crack has six different length which are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 50% of the cone circumference. Three of the 21 specimens have no crack. All the specimens were axially compressed using 150 kN Instron Machine to determine the buckling load. From the results obtain, it was found that the 5% crack length produced highest buckling load for every crack and the lowest buckling load is at 50% crack. Every type of crack was compared at 50% of crack length, and it was found that, the axial crack has highest buckling load which is 35.73 kN follow by angled crack and circumferential crack which are 31.38 kN and 21.02 kN respectively. Hence, it can be concluded that, if the length of the crack is increase, then the buckling load is decrease. Again, it can also be concluded that, axial crack has the highest buckling load compare to circumferential crack that has the lowest buckling load.


In order to research the effect of silage maize single-crossed hybrid and tri-crossed hybrid on their F1 hybrids,six inbred lines of silage maize were selected to make up four groups of singe-crossed hybrids and tri-crossed hybrids for comparison of yield performance.The results showed that the single-crossed hybrids of B2 showed significant difference from the single-crossed hybrids of B1 and tri-crossed hybrids of B3,and no significant difference between single-crossed hybrids of B1 and tri-crossed hybrids of B3, suggesting that single-crossed hybrid had advantage on yield. The single-crossed hybrids of B2 led to a significant increase in yield, while the tri-crossed hybrid in the second group showed the maximum yield. The single crossed hybrid led to a general increase in yield of silage maize, and the tri-crossed hybrid could obtain a good yield. Regression analysis of yield revealed that factors order of being very significantly positively correlative with yield were: plant heightmaize seed grain number ear lengthstraw weightear height per row, ear width was significant correlation. ear row number,was positively correlative with yield, and negative correlation was found between rare ear and yield.


The article provides theoretical and methodological support for organizations' investment activity management in the conditions of economic instability. It was revealed that the viability and efficiency of enterprise, organization, or any other socioeconomic system nowadays depends to a large extent on rational investment activity. The analysis of the most commonly used definitions of the «investment activity» concept was carried out and author's definition of «enterprise's investment attractiveness» was given.The main methods for assessing investment attractiveness in relation to the source of acquired information were divided into three groups: methods based on various expert assessments; methods based on statistical information; combined methods based on expert statistical calculations. The authors proved that today the enterprise's or organization's  investment activity is possible under the condition of innovative development and dissemination of innovative processes within the framework of a specific enterprise. Organizations' investment support system is established appropriately to ensure each type of innovation, which is considered both separately and in the relationship with other elements of the general innovation process of the enterprise.The authors' definition of organizations' innovative processes investment support is given. The method for determining the investment support quality integral rank through private investment was proposed in the article. The specified methodology is universal and allows to make calculations both for the individual enterprises and generally for branches of the national economy as a whole. The authors proved that effective investment activity management should ensure implementation of the chosen strategy for the organization's development by attracting domestic and foreign capital, improving its solvency and liquidity in conditions of optimal risk, taking into account existing and potential resources of the organization, peculiarities of its functioning, etc. It was concluded that organization's investment activity management efficiency can be achieved only considering all factors that affect its status at macro- and meso-level (ie, from the state, region and industry), and at the micro level (from the enterprise itself )


Lipoblastoma is a benign tumor which frequently arises in the limbs but rarely in the mediastinum, and is common in children under the age of three years. We report a case of mediastinal lipoblastoma in a 27-month-old female child complaining of dyspnea. Plain radiography demonstrated a huge well-defined mass in the me-diastinum, while CT scanning revealed a soft tissue mass with an internal hypodense portion. When radi-ographic images in children under the age of three reveal a soft tissue mass with a fat component in the mediastinum, especially where there is no calcification or a cystic component, lipoblastoma should be included in the differential diagnosis.


The compositional data obtained are combined with existing data from larger rock samples and compared with bulk analyses of soils to determine compositional ranges and dominant igneous rock types present in the regolith and breccias. Criteria are presented for the recognition of three types of igneous fragments in a limited sample of Apollo 14 material. Explanations for the differences between glass and rock compositions are discussed.


Abstract : The purpose of this Military Study Project (MSP) is to examine, assess and recommend what the United States political-military relationships should be with India during the next five - eight years. In doing so, the study will include: a brief review of past and current U.S.-India relations; a U.S. global and regional perspective; an examination of key factors, interest, advantages, disadvantages and constraints impacting of the U.S.-India relationship; and conclusions and policy recommendations for the U.S. - India future.


Thermal expansion of a member can affect structural bearing capacity when one or more members are subjected to fire. To explore the developmental rule of member internal force in latticed shell structure, a computation method of member sensitivity is presented based on the alternate path method. Taking a K8 single-layer latticed shell structure as the analysis object, finite element models are established by ANSYS, applying temperature loads on radial and circumferent ribs, calculating the sensitivity of each member during heating, and exploring the rule of member sensitivity at different temperatures. It is revealed from the numerical results that when one member is in fire, member sensitivity is proportional to temperature and inversely proportional to the distance from the member subjected to fire. Taking the member sensitivity coefficient as an index, the internal force will be transmitted along the member with high sensitivity, the rule of load path and internal force redistribution is given when the latticed shell structure is under elevated temperature.


Is it Allowed to be Kind as a Professional? – A Study about Linguistic Boundary Work in Social Work Based on the Concept Kind
Author: Tilde Olsson
Title: Is it Allowed to be Kind as a Professional? – A Study about Linguistic Boundary Work in Social Work Based on the Concept Kind.[Translated title]
Supervisor: Stig Linde
Assessor: Staffan Blomberg

The aim of this study was to examine variations of linguistic boundary work based on the concept kind, within the field of social work. A cross-cutting issue was how bachelor students, in this case at the Social Academy of Lund, and professionals at a treatment center, where kind is a catchword for a good social worker, construct themselves as professionals based on the concept kind. This is a qualitative study, with a quantitative element. Empirical methods were surveys, and a focus interview. The answers were processed by a fenomenographic content analysis and by binary oppositions. The theoretical framework involved profession theory, theory of knowledge, and ethical perspectives. Results revealed that the concept kind raised thoughts that extended on a continuum of contradictions, in terms of trait (stupid versus wise), action and target aspects. Kind worked as a limiting factor in terms of professionalism, based on the students' definitions, while the social workers regarded kindness to be an enabling factor. The concept was used by the students as a tool to separate them from the amateurish and simple work while the social workers used the concept as a compass to keep up with the difficult work. The spoken and written boundary work constructed professional identities that were related to the performance of the fundamental, long-term, and complex work, for both groups. However, one could see some differences regarding the professional and ethical ideals that were encouraged and challenged on the bases of the arguments. For example the social workers questioned standardization, evidence – based methods and its ideological foundations, while they emphasized the moral character and virtues of the employee in a work that involves a great deal of uncertainties and contradictions. The students on the other hand rejected the concept kind because they associated it with arbitrariness and stressed the importance of professional objectivity.


Leakage was found in certain oilfield offshore pipeline system and investigation results showed that the cause of the leak was corrosion perforation in the sleeve joints of pipeline system. In order to avoid the leak occurring again, it was necessary to analyze corrosion mechanism of the sleeve joints. Macro and micro analyze, test on physical and chemical properties and microstructure, XRD analysis on corrosion products was accomplished on the sleeve joints. Results obtained from analysis and test show that corrosion was stronger because there are some CO2 and H2S in the pipeline together. Corrosion perforation was brought by flow velocity suddenly increase and turbulent flow and flow field action.


Rice seeds of the temperate japonica cultivar Kitaake were mutagenized with sodium azide alone and in combination with methyl nitrosourea. Using the reduced representation sequencing method Restriction Enzyme Sequence Comparative Analysis (RESCAN), the mutation densities, types and local sequence context were determined in the resulting M2 generation mutants. The results indicate that sodium azide is as effective alone as in combination with methyl nitrosourea in generating mutations in rice. In both cases, GC>AT transitions were the predominant mutation type and similar local sequence contexts were observed (5'-G-G-R-3' for sodium azide, 5'-R-G-R-3' for sodium azide plus methyl nitrosourea). Differences in local sequence context with those reported for another common chemical mutagen, ethyl methanesulfonate, suggests that rice mutant populations developed by combining mutants derived independently from sodium azide and ethyl methanesulfonate may exhibit a broader spectrum of mutations and mutant phenotypes.


In the work were determined intensity of oxidative modifi cation of proteins and peroxidation of blood lipids and milk of cows with puerperal endometritis. The intensity of free radical processes was evaluated on the following parameters: content of molecular produce of lipid peroxygenation in heptan- isopropanol extracts of milk, erythrocytes and blood plasma; oxidative modifi cation of proteins was evaluated by the number of carbonyl groups of amino acid residues, resulting from the oxidative modifi cation of proteins under study. Obtained results attest to variant disturbance in lipids and proteins of milk and blood of cows with postpartum endometritis. The content of fi nal products of peroxidation of lipids (digital base) increases so in heptane as in isopropanol extracts of erythrocytes and blood plasma, the level of primary and secondary products varies in opposite directions in erythrocytes and in blood plasma. It was established the elevation of content of diene conjugate, the level of fi nal and secondary product of peroxidation of blood lipids was unchanged. In blood plasma and milk of cows with postpartum endometritis increases the exposure of neutral aldehyde dinitrophenylhydrazine (356 nm), neutral ketone dinitrophenylhydrazine (370 nm). The most pronounced the stiffening in carbonylation of milk proteins at 530 nm (in 3,44 times).


Wood/plastic composites (WPC) are a relatively new class of materials and one of the fastest growing sectors in the wood composites industry. Currently, most WPCs are made with polyethylene, both recycled and virgin, for use in exterior building components. Various wood fibers, and even cellulose wastes such as ground wood waste, corncobs, and cereal straw, have been used as fillers for plastics. Walnut shell can also be used as filler material in plastic composites due to its cellulosic structure. In Turkey, walnut shell is obtained in large quantities but usually used as heating material in houses. In this study, the utilisability of walnut shell in PP and HDPE matrix composites are investigated due to its relative hardness and availability. 50% by weight walnut shell were mixed with PP (50%-47%) and HDPE (50%-47%) matrix by extrusion method. Flexural properties, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) were performed on the WPC samples.


The paper outlines the history of signalling from the opening of the first purpose-built passenger-carrying railway in 1830 with hand signals, through the developments of fixed lineside signals, electric telegraphs and interlocking mechanisms for points and signals. From the appearance of power signalling at the turn of the 20th century, it follows the development of first electrical and then electronic signalling technology through to present day communication-based systems.


Nowadays there is a growing incidence of skin manifestations due to cocaine abuse with a wide clinical range. Its origin can be traced to multiple factors: the vasoconstrictive effect of the drug, the irritant effects if adulterants like levamisole which induce dopaminergic and serotoninergic responses, and the traumatic effect of the mucosa caused by cocaine crystals insuflated at high velocity. There is yet no consensus on how to handle this pathology.
We report a 50-year-old male patient with an ulcer in nasal mucosa and adjacent tissues, secondary to cocaine use, with good response to treatment.


Objective: To investigate adherence to dornase alfa therapy among commercially-insured patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to examine the impact of adherence on health and economic outcomes. Methods: Nine hundred and seven patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 19.5 years (SD ¼11.5) and 49.1% were female. Overall MPR was 0.59 and byage was 0.66 for patients of 5-12 years, 0.57 for 13-20 years, 0.54 for 21-30 years, and 0.56 for patients � 31 years. Adherence was better in fall and winter than in spring and summer. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients with inpatient respiratory exacerbations across groups with low (0.5), moderate (0.5-0.79), and high (� 0.8) adherence (24.5%, 22.3%, and 19.1%, respectively, p ¼0.250). There was a trend toward higher total charges in more-adherent patients (mean $58,612 in the least-adherent group and mean $69,427 in the most adherent group, p ¼0.107). In multivariate models, MPR was not significantly associated with the risk of inpatient respiratory exacerbations (hazard ratio ¼1.16 for MPR50.5 vs � 0.8; 95% CI ¼0.83-1.61). Limitations: Study data were derived from insurance claims; adherence measures were based on prescription fills, not observed medication use. Conclusion:


The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in dating violence perception of dating violence perception of university students. As a research tool, CTS2 was used as a measure of dating violence, a measure developed by Kim(1999) was used, and a measure of dating violence by Jeong(2013) was used. Data analysis was performed using independent sample t-test and multi-variate analyses. The results are summarized as follows. First, female students showed higher differences in total violence against violence and psychological violence than boys, while boys showed higher physical violence than girls. Health majors were significantly higher in total dating violence and psychological violence than students in humanities and social sciences. There was no significant difference in dating violence offenses with or without sexual experience. Only psychological violence showed an interaction effect between gender and sex experience. Second, female students were significantly higher than male students with significant differences in recognition and sub-factors. Health majors were significantly higher in both date violence perception and lower factors than humanities and social sciences. Students without sexual experience perceived overall dating violence more than students with sexual, physical and cyber violence being significantly higher.


Cross sections for single electron capture by Li3+ and Li2+ ions, sigma 3,2 and sigma 2,1, in collision in H2 molecules and He atoms have been measured in the energy range 8-38 keV. The cross sections obtained are consistent with published experimental results at higher energies.


The Yellow River Estuary became displaced and relocated in 1976 at the place where the Qingshui Gully used to flow into the sea.Because sands are carried from the Yellow River Estuary and deposited in the Laizhou Bay,the coastline has had a displacement about 21 km toward the sea.The 0 m,5 m,and 10 m isobaths have respectively moved 21 km,17 km,and 16 km seaward in the bay.The coastline and the bottom topography respectively for the pre-relocation conditions and for the post-reloction conditions of the Yellow River Estuary are considered in the established model to compute the corresponding tidal current field in the Laizhou Bay.It is shown in the simulation results that either the flood strength or the ebb strength becomes 40 cm/s slower at the both sides of the estuary mouth,after the wide mouth of the Yellow River Estuary has been formed at the Qingshui Gully.There appears an area about 8 km(from the east to the west)×6 cm(from the north to the south) in the east side of the Laizhou Bay,where the tidal current speeds become increased,and the flood strength or the ebb strength becomes 30 cm/s greater.The main current directions become 27°~108° deflected in the west of the bay.The tidal currents are not changed much at the other places in the east of the bay.


Floods are among the most frequent and costliest natural disasters. Conditions that can cause floods include heavy or/and long-steady rain for several hours or days where excess water saturates the ground. Long term precipitation forecast may not be totally dependable, therefore a new estimation method capable of predicting upcoming flood events with high degree of accuracy is required. The information from rain gauges and radar data can be critical inputs for the new flood warning system. A flood estimation method was developed incorporating an algorithm that processes inputs namely the rainfall rate information, horizontal and vertical profile of radar reflectivity values. The rainfall rate data, cloud thickness values, and the sizes of the clouds during the 2014 flood disaster were acquired and analyzed. The periods of measurement involve rain events before, during and after the flood tragedy. The study was carried out using 14 days of precipitation phenomena observed in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia from 13 December 2014 until 26 December 2014. The derived flood estimator algorithm acquired in this research can be very useful to predict flood tragedy in the future. This can also be the development model that to be integrated into the radar system.


Morning show, understood as a specific radio megagenre, since its dawn has tried to inscribe in the listeners' environment of life by adjusting to the rhythm of their day but also by shaping their daily routines. This article analyses the origins of the identity of this type of programmes which date back to the times of the Golden Age of the American radio broadcasting. On the background of technological, economic and social conditioning of the era, it shows their historical changes in the years 1920-1950 of the XX c. However, the description of this evolution – from the morning shows with the underspecified "anatomy" and vague existence in the ether to the preforms such as participation programs – may be treated as a prelude to the understanding of the tendencies that determine the existence of the contemporary sequential broadcasts that are transmitted by radio at dawn.


Thousands of pilgrims come each year to make offerings and present petitions to the Senor de Tila 'Lord of Tila' in Chiapas, Mexico. This cult has incorporated pre-Columbian cave worship focused on the Earth Lord. The conservative nature of worship is matched by conservatism in the ritual vocabulary of Tila Chol. Several terms for deities, offices, paraphernalia, and ceremonial activities are archaisms, and these index core concepts in native religious practice. Early loanwords from Spanish likewise index key concepts in Christianity, suggesting that the systematic analysis of archaic vocabulary can be a useful tool in the reconstruction of culture history.


Dr. Robert Huber, Advisor Zoos today are concerned with providing for the physical and psychological welfare of captive animals. One of the greatest challenges for zoo managers is ensuring the good welfare of zoo elephants. Yet only a few scientific studies have comprehensively focused on activity and behavioral health of captive elephants or examined elephant behavior over a 24-hour period or throughout several seasons, making evaluation of diurnal and seasonal variations in behavior challenging. Elephants in the wild have been observed spending the majority of their day foraging and it is suggested that movement in the wild is based on the availability of food and water. Elephants in zoos are not subjected to food or water restrictions, and instead are more prone to obesity due to the high quality of feed and addition of enrichment foods. Thus the management of zoo elephants must consider the occupational needs of elephants to forage and to feed, while at the same time providing high quality diets. This study examined the behavior of two zoo elephants over a 2-year period in an effort to determine factors that affect behavior. Results suggest that elephant activity is influenced by the type of housing, time of day, and season. Furthermore, a retrospective examination of the effectiveness of environmental enrichment showed that typical zoo keeper documentation techniques, while adequate for monitoring daily elephant care and well being, may not allow for a robust analysis of the effectiveness of enrichment in promoting specific behaviors.


Chromosome damage in an individual's peripheral blood lymphocytes can be an indicator of radiation exposure and this data can be used to evaluate dose after accidental or occupational exposure. Evidence suggests that the yield of chromosome damage in lymphocytes is also a relevant biomarker of cancer risk in humans that reflects individual cancer susceptibility. It follows that biomonitoring studies can be used to uncover subjects who are particularly susceptible to radiation damage and therefore at higher risk of cancer. Translocations and other stable aberrations are commonly believed to persist in peripheral blood cells for many years after exposure, and it has been suggested that translocations can be used for assessing retrospective radiation doses or chronic exposures. However, recent investigations suggest that translocations might not always persist indefinitely. We measured chromosome aberrations in the blood lymphocytes of six astronauts before their respective missions of approximately 3 to 6 months onboard the international space station, and again at various intervals up to 5 years after flight. In samples collected a few days after return to earth, the yield of chromosome translocations had significantly increased compared with preflight values, and results indicate that biodosimetry estimates lie within the range expected from physical dosimetry. However, for five of the astronauts, follow up analysis revealed a temporal decline in translocations with half-lives ranging from 10 to 58 months. The yield of exchanges remained unchanged for the sixth astronaut during an observation period of 5 months post-flight. These results may indicate complications with the use of stable aberrations for retrospective dose reconstruction and could affect cancer risk predictions that are estimated from yields of chromosome damage obtained shortly after exposure.


The ferromagnetically coupled cobalt ion is observed to create a magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the PrNi5−xCox structure above a critical composition of x = 2. The competition of the anisotropy energies between Co and Pr sublattices gives rise to a spin reorientation (SR) phenomenon in PrNi5−xCox compounds at a low temperature (∼150 K) which is then followed by a magnetic transition at a higher temperature. Co-doping has a strong influence on the Curie temperature, changing it from ∼60 K (x = 1.95) to ∼537 K (x = 3). The magnetic entropy change is associated with SR as well as a magnetic transition, and correspondingly a large full width at half maximum (δTFWHM) is obtained for this series of compounds. For example, the PrNi2.85Co2.15 compound presents δTFWHM = 166 K at a 1 T field. This series therefore has an appreciable relative cooling power, which makes this material a suitable magnetic refrigerant over a large temperature span.


Cascading similar frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) improves the roll-off rate and frequency selectivity of THz bandpass filters. However, resonant coupling between FSS layers causes anomalous transmission peaks. In this work, we have employed an equivalent circuit model to analyze a double-layer FSS structure with periodic cross apertures at different interlayer spacing. We found that the anomalous peaks can be attributed to the resonant coupling between the upper and lower layer FSSs, and their periodic appearance with changing interlayer spacing is related to the half-wavelength repeatability of the circuit. We have fabricated a double-layer FSS sample using femtosecond laser micromachining and measured it using time-domain THz spectroscopy. The results using the equivalent circuit model agree with the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) and experimental results.


Objectives: The aim of this paper is to establish a correct approach to the diagnosis of a primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland. Methods: We present a case of a patient with a painless mass situated in the left parotid region after an initial cytological and radiological study suggesting a Warthin tumor whose treatment involved a total parotidectomy with a facial nerve reconstruction. Results: The histopathological result showed a malignant melanoma that after various studies and evaluations showed no other primary origin different from the parotid gland itself. Conclusions: Salivary gland melanomas are relatively rare entities that when being of a primary origin and localized in the parotid gland become even more uncommon. Upon a melanoma found in the parotid gland, the first suspicion should be a metastatic origin, being the most common sites the oral cavity and the skin from the head and neck region.


Car accidents remained to be the primary cause of deatb 's worldwide. About 1.5 billion people die in road accidents per year, the vast majority of which are due to a single factor, the driver's drowsiness. Most people drive long distances without sleeping and by using mobile phones while driving, which causes tiredness which results in driver drowsiness. This can be prevented by triggering an alarm that can make the driver active when the driver becomes drowsy. Machine learning and computer vision can assist in determining if a person is drowsy or not by tracking facial landmarks that include eye and mouth patterns. A system that warns the driver if he or she becomes drowsy can make the user active. Both the eye movements and the mouth movements associated with yawning are considered, which allows in identifying if the individual is sleepy or not, in a more precise manner using Convolutional neural networks and OpenCV. This model developed will assist everyone in mitigating injuries caused by drowsiness.


Object Tracking is the issue of producing a origin around the movement of object from these groupings of edges in a video. Here, suggested a technique for the following moving object in video arrangements. Following a affecting objective in picture groupings from a immobile camera is an critical job for observation submissions. Here recommends a mixture procedure that joins Kalman Filter (KF) and the Multi-Feature Appearance Model. To start with, the moving target is resolved by the client's advantage, and after that the framework state model of the KF calculation is developed. Another, arrangements examples created everywhere the objective's situation. disperse a kalman channel for each objective, and develop a Multi-Feature Appearance display, for information affiliation The trial comes about demonstrate that the proposed technique has the powerful capacity to track the object over the picture successions with various testing circumstances, for example, impediment, twisting, turn and the scale variety.


This is the second of a four-part series on inclusive practice. The articles are structured around the themes and principles underpinning the Early Years Foundation Stage.


This paper presents the comparative analysis of reliability of different levels of cascaded H-Bridge inverter topologies. Failure of single IGBT in a cell of H-Bridge can determine the reliability of the complete cell. Military Handbook-217F provides basis for computation of reliability of semiconductors. This method is not applicable for reliability evaluation of IGBT. To determine the temperature cycles of IGBT, thermal impedance model is developed and power cycles are obtained by using transfer function in MATLAB simulation. By Coffin-Manson fatigue life relationship, the number of temperature cycles is detected by MATLAB programming. An algorithm is used to correlate number of temperature cycles with failure rate. Mean time to failure (MTTF) of each model is compared. It was observed that reliability increases with increase in number of levels of multilevel inverter.


The agronomic traits of Chinese radish were studied during the root expansion.The main results were as follows.During the development of Chinese radish,the parts of aboveground and underground grew synchronized.The development status of aboveground influenced the yield by influencing the enlargement of radish fleshy taproot.So selecting the varieties with high ratio of root weight to leaf weight was helpful for increasing yield and improving quality of Chinese radish.


This article profiles Trans States Airlines in the context of regional airline cost cutting. The author leads with the United Airlines RFP to replace Air Wisconsin and Trans States intention to bid. A history section details Trans States growth over 22 years. The author then lists various cost cutting measures in place at the company to keep it competitive, and lists possible aircraft purchases. A table lists selected financial results from 2002 through 2004. The article concludes with a look at mostly overlooked cost cutting measures like trash bags and fuel efficiency.


To obtain national high yielding varieties, it is necessary to evaluate black soybean yield stability in various environments. This study aims to evaluate yield stability and to study its genotype and environment interaction. Genetic material used in this study was five mutant lines of black soybean derived from the irradiation of the Cikuray variety with a dose of 200 Gy. Evaluation of yield stability was carried out jointly with 10 black soybean breeding lines from Balitkabi and Padjadjaran University. Two control varieties of Cikuray and Detam 1 were included in the evaluation. The test was carried out in ten locations across Java Island. Estimation of stability was conducted by the method of Finlay-Wilkinson and Eberhart-Russell. The results showed that genotype and environment significantly contributed to yield variation respectively. Genotype by environment interactions were existed which could affect genotype performance in the testing environment. Four out of five mutant lines showed significant higher yield than other genotypes and control varieties, which ranged from 2.34-2.42 ton/ha. Stability analysis indicated genotypes of G8, G14 and control variety of Detam 1 were stable genotypes and high yield above the general average with average yields of 2.36, 2.09 and 2.21 tons / ha, respectively.


The essence of management in enterprises is changing. It is typically associated with efforts towards moving and storage of goods within a particular supply chain. The essence of logistics is management of its supply chains i.e. the method of analysing and management of logistics networks. Main goal of supply chain management is to reduce costs and to improve customer service. This affects efficiency and performance of enterprises. Consequently, it impacts on achievement of better competitive position in the market and maintenance of this position. This premise is essential for being successful in the market. Supply chain management allows companies for determination of strategic position and operational efficiency.