Pulverized samples of Utah bituminous, Beulah (North Dakota) low Na lignite, Beulah high Na lignite and Texas (San Miguel) lignite coals were burned at a rate of 2.5 kg/hr in a laboratory furnace under various (overall fuel lean) combustion conditions. Particle size distributions (PSD) and size segregated particle filter samples were taken at various positions within the convection section. Temperature and gas concentrations were measured. The evolution of the submicron PSD within the convection section for the four coals was similar, although the location of the initial particle mode at the convection section inlet varied with coal type. Chemical analysis of the size segregated particle samples show the trace elements, As, Pb, Zn and the major elements, Na and K to be enriched in the submicron aerosol. Auger depth profiles show these small particles to be comprised of a core enriched in Fe, Si, Ca and Mg and surface layers enriched in Na and K. These results point to a mechanism of homogeneous nucleation of low vapor pressure species followed by successive layering of progressively more volatile species. Volatile species are enriched in the submicron aerosol due to the large surface areas provided. Modeling efforts show that coagulation cannot bemore » used solely to predict the PSD. Another mechanism, presumably surface area dependent growth (condensation) must be included.« less


Butow rarely goes beyond a day-by-day account of the externals of government. The book would have gained if the author had attempted more often to indicate and analyze the political pressures and counterpressures as well as the social and economic forces that were at work in Japan and that helped to shape and motivate the Japanese leaders' actions. Professor Butow's account raises significant questions transcending the framework of Japan. It can only be hoped that the well-qualified author will soon give us a second volume devoted


Indonesia gets bonuses and challenges before heading for the golden Indonesian period when it turns 100 years old in 2045. The challenges faced by Indonesia in preparing this demographic bonus are also quite large. One of them is the entry of radicalism and anti-Pancasila ideology in Indonesia. These challenges are not only the responsibility of the government to solve them, but also all levels of society. Facing this demographic bonus, all layers of Indonesian people must see that it is necessary to strengthen the values of Pancasila in order to become a living ideology. Strengthening values for the young generation of Indonesia must be done in creative, contextual ways and still based on the roots of Indonesian culture. Keyword: The Value of Pancasila; Golden Indonesia; Youth.


Particles sputtered from solid targets in plasma deposition systems, under typical vacuum conditions, slow down in collisions with the gas phase. A simple model of particle slowing down along straight‐line trajectories, subject to a continuous energy loss process, allows to calculate the energy distributions of the nonthermalized component of the particle flux as a function of the distance to the source. Physically reasonable angular and energetic distributions of the flux at emission are used in the calculations. The implications on the deposited films are discussed, and previous estimates by Meyer et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 52, 5803 (1981)] are commented upon.


Morrison is the first black female writer who wins the Nobel Prize in literature . By way of maintaining a binary identity ,the one as a black and the one as a female ,she succeeds in probing into the female's utmost internal world ,which greatly enriches the America's literature of the black. The paper proposes to take Beloved an example to cast light on the breakthrough of Morrison by way of historical -that is ,centering on the plot of infanticide and taking the strategy of marginal voice ,she represents the psychological journey of female under the dual suppression of sex and race ,so as to cast doubts on America's political culture by way of the consideration on matter reflected by the issue ,like maternal instinct ,freedom and so on . Apart from that ,there also exists the subconscious reconstruction of the ideology of the main stream . The contradiction of Morrison's work is of great inspiration to all the black female writers .


Hybrid bonding or surface activated bonding is becoming the technology to manufacture higher density first-level interconnects by addressing pitch scaling difficulties of solder interconnects. One of the major challenges for dielectric bonding is to decrease the process temperature to be compatible with stacking schemes and device limitations. In this paper, we focus on both low temperature SiCN dielectric deposition and low temperature annealing temperatures (<250°C). Both physical vapor deposition (PVD) and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of SiCN are investigated side by side. Films of various densities and stoichiometries are compared; pre and post activation hydrophilicity, post activation dangling bond densities are characterized to explain how to tune SiCN films for improved bond energy at low annealing temperatures.


The modern power generation solutions focus on several key factors: economy, efficiency, reliability as well as environmental impact. The natural way to protect environment and secure project feasibility is to move from more and more expensive conventional fuels like oil, coal and natural gas towards unconventional and more environment friendly fuels. That group includes many fuels that are currently mainly disposed without usage which means creating direct pollution without any direct value. The main problem is that there are many problems with such fuels and practical usage requires lot of investments and operational costs. The innovative fuel supply system HE-MUZG designed for 4-stroke gas engine developed together by Horus-Energia and Cracow University of Technology enables wide range of gas fuels to be used for power generation. This paper will present results from operational tests of the HE-MUZG system installed on gas genset. The test program covered many various fuels, which are problematic for typical modern gas engines, due to fuel low calorific value, low methane number or wide and rapid fluctuations of fuel properties. The presented results show main achievements obtained during HE-MUZG system development. Additionally the article describes some engine modifications implemented to optimise engine operation and to improve the efficiency.


Hot ductility testing of weld metal was performed in order to make clear the mechanism of ductility-dip cracking in weld metal of 70%Ni-Cr-Fe ternary alloys containing 0.007%S in which Cr contents were varied from 0 to 20%. The temperature range of testing was varied from 873 to 1473 K. Microstructures and fracture surfaces were also examined.The ductility at 1173 K of Ni-10%Cr-20%Fe alloy was higher than those of Ni-30%Fe and Ni-20% Cr-10%Fe alloys. It followed that these ductilities were related to the ductility-dip cracking. Fracture modes of this testing samples were almost intergranular fracture. According to the microstructure examination, grain boundary carbides, M23C6 appeared in only Ni-20%Cr-10%Fe alloy weld metal at the temperature of 1173 K. Hardness in weld metal increased with an increase in Cr content. On the other hand, increasing in holding time at 873 K decreased a ductility of the base metal of Ni-30%Fe containing 0.007%S at 873 K. It followed that S easily segregated on grain boundary in low Cr alloy. These results meant that optimum Cr content in weld metal was necessary in order to reduce the ductility-dip cracking susceptibility because of contrary effects due to grain boundary carbide, hardness and grain boundary segregation of S.


Type III radio storms are observed by the radio experiment on board the International Sun Earth Explorer 3 out to 0.5-0.8 AU from the Sun, at a rate of 2 to 3 storms per solar rotation near solar maximum. They correlate with the type I and type III radio storms observed at higher frequencies, originating closer to the Sun. They are associated with an almost continuous injection of suprathermal electrons into the interplanetary medium. Some of the properties of the regions where the particles propagate are discussed, using the radio emission as a tracer.


This paper was originally written for Dr. John Irwin's Geography 100 course Our World: Introducing Human Geography. The assignment asked students to describe an urban landscape, its history and development, and the ways that people have used and continue to use it, tying it in with a clear thesis and concepts discussed in the course.  The assignment includes photos from the urban landscape and uses APA citation style.


Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) is the second most important oilseed crop in India contributing about 25-30% of oilseed production. Yield of this crop is heavily reduced by damage due to insect pests, aphids (Lipaphis erysimi) being the most important of them. The aphid nymphs heavily colonize the tender leaves as well as inflorescence and completely devitalize the plants. To minimize the damage pesticides are used which are hazardous to the environment. Breeding for aphid resistance remained unsuccessful because of lack of resistance genes within the crossable gene pool of the crop. Plant transformation efforts with transgenes like lectins and protease inhibitors are not very encouraging and did not yield into any commercial resistant cultivar. In search of novel mechanism of resistance against this sap sucking insect RNAi has been thought of as a new avenue. In conferring RNAi mediated resistance the host plant has to be genetically modified so as to enable it to generate siRNA molecules targeted to specific aphid genes. To generate such transgenic plants a suitable plant transformation vector has to be constructed. Therefore, current work aimed at development of a plant transformation vector which would generate siRNA molecules against aphid genes. Serine protease gene of mustard aphid was selected as target for RNAi mediated silencing. Its homologue was isolated from cDNA of Lipaphis erysimi using sequence information of Acyrthosiphon pisum. As aphids suck the sap from phloem a phloem specific promoter was cloned in the construct upstream of the coding sequence of the gene. Arabidopsis SUC2 promoter amplified from genomic DNA of Arabidopsis was taken as the phloem specific promoter. Promoter as well as the partial coding sequence of the gene was cloned in the plant transformation vector pBI121 by restriction digestion and ligation. Recombinant clones were selected by selection on kanamycin supplemented plates. These clones were screened for presence of promoter and insert by colony PCR and restriction digestion. Finally, the construct was sequenced for confirming the presence of the inserts as well as the orientation of the coding sequence of the gene. This construct needs to be checked for the expression of siRNA molecules in plants by plant transformation. In future, this construct can be used for generating transgenic plants which can express siRNAs in phloem sap of the plant.


FIELD: transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automotive industry, particularly, to storage battery support base 3. Proposed base comprises bottom wall 6 to support storage battery base. Said wall 6 comprises inner side 8 to accommodate storage battery base and outer wall to be mounted on storage battery support 2. Both inner and outer sides incorporate assemblage of plates 10 arranged, in fact, perpendicular to wall of bottom 6. Invention covers also storage battery heat shield comprises case, cover and base. Note here that case is jointed with base and cover to accommodate storage battery. EFFECT: better heat protection and longer life. 8 cl, 3 dwg


University and Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona provided helpful comments. So did senior executives at although their comments do not constitute an endorsement of the material in either the teaching case or this paper. We also gratefully acknowledge help from Ed Greenslet, Don Schenk, and The Airline Monitor in obtaining data and insights about the commercial jet aircraft industry, Mike Kane's assistance in preparing the original teaching case, and financial support from the Division of Research at the Harvard Business School. Abstract This paper looks at competitive interactions between Airbus and Boeing in very large aircraft. It concludes that Boeing attempted to preempt Airbus in introducing a new product in this space but failed to do so because of the incredibility, given the assumption of value maximization, of self-cannibalization. A theoretical model is used to illustrate this credibility constraint, and an assortment of evidence—involving pro forma financial valuations, product market data (on prices and quantities), capital market reactions to key events, and qualitative information on Boeing's organizational structure and recent changes to it—is assembled to support the hypothesis that the constraint on self-cannibalization ultimately proved decisive.


This thesis is a review of the operation and the results of ASTRONEU. The review includes a study of the various methods of detection for cosmic ray particles, the simulation of their interaction with the atmosphere until their detection from the array and the equipment responsible for it's analysis.


In this paper a method is developed for updating input — output tables using employment figures. The technique is an improvement over previous conventional adjustments because of the general availability and quality of employment data. Operating on the Leontief inverse matrix, this reformulation builds upon prior attempts to integrate employment data into the adjustment process. However, this model avoids the need to develop employment multipliers independently by using actual employment totals as the constraints. These constraints are derived in such a manner that row and column constraints each sum to the total regional employment.


The following statements were prepared by leaders from the American School Band Directors Association, College Band Directors National Association, National Band Association, state band associations, and band directors from nearly every state as a result of the Band Leadership Planning Conference, a preconference session at the MENC meeting in Miami Beach, Florida, April 8, 1980.


Zigzag ZnS thin lms prepared by the thermal evaporation method using glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique. ZnS lms with the zigzag structure were produced at deposition angles of 0 ̊, 70 ̊ and 80 ̊ at room temperature on glass substrates. Surface morphology of the lms was characterized by using eld emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The optical properties of the specimens were investigated by using UVVis spectroscopy technique. To characterize the porosity of the simulated structures, the PoreSTAT software which analyses the NASCAM software was employed. The optical transmissions of the samples were calculated by using NASCAM optics package. The simulation results are completely in agreement with the experimental results.


A method is presented for coordination of manipulator joints when the desired path cannot be pre-determined. This situation may occur, for example, under manual control or when tracking a freely moving object. The system is implemented on a generalized master-slave system at JPL. Velocity measurements are provided at different instances by analog differation and state estimation.


The problem of crossing-symmetry violation in calculations of Regge cuts in absorption-model approximations is discussed for reactions in which spin effects are important. It is shown that for reactions that have any type of exact internal symmetry, rules can be derived theoretically for calculating two-reggeon cuts with no difficulties with crossing symmetry when specific intermediate states are taken into account.


In 1956 the sociologists Michael Young and Edward Shils composed a pamphlet reflecting on 'What is Living and What is Dead in Socialism'.1 Young and Shils had frequently been intellectual collaborators over the previous decade but, judging by the many lively annotations inscribed on the personal copy in his private papers, most of the ideological slant of this document came from Young. Indeed, the mid-1950s were a time of political disillusionment for Young. Appointed as director of the Labour Party's Research Department in 1945, he had drafted the party's 1945 and 1950 election manifestos, and had played a key role in shaping its policy direction. But Young became increasingly disappointed with what he saw as the intransigence of some of his colleagues, and the seemingly limited capacity of mainstream parliamentary politics to enact radical change. He resigned from his post in 1950, going on to complete a Ph.D. in social policy at the London School of Economics (LSE) in 1952 before setting up a year later the Institute of Community Studies (ICS), a social-research organisation that was concerned with the study of working-class life in London's East End. The 1956 pamphlet was thus part of Young's wider attempt to make sense of the past few decades, and to reconcile his troubling recent experiences as a Labour Party policy-maker with his other roles as a left intellectual and a sociologist of everyday life. Young argued that diverse strands of ethical, utopian, religious and idealist thought had all been essential in shaping the outlook of the contemporary British left. Even in the 1930s, he suggested, when many left intellectuals (including Young himself ) had developed a sustained engagement with Marxism, and had pledged support to the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), the importance of these 'humanitarian' intellectual influences had prevented the British left from straying too far into dogmatism or crude 'economism'.2 By this Young meant that British socialists had never been solely preoccupied with pulling the economic levers of power. They also realised the importance of encouraging diversity, vitality and freedom in the realm of culture— what Young termed the full 'liberation of man's creative power, the fulfilment of his potentialities of expression'. However, Young and Shils


This code is designed to solve conic programming problems whose constraint cone is a product of semidefinite cones, second-order cones, nonnegative orthants and Euclidean spaces. It employs a primal-dual predictor-corrector path-following method, with either the HKM or the NT search direction. The basic code is written in MATLAB, but key subroutines in Fortran and C are incorporated via a Mex interface. Routines are provided to read in problems in either SDPA or SeDuMi format. Sparsity and block diagonal structure are exploited, but the latter needs to be given explicitly or detected via a subroutine that is provided. Various techniques to improve the efficiency and stablity of the algorithm are incorporated. For example, step-lengths associated with semidefinite cones are calculated via the Lanczos method. Numerical experiments show that this general purpose code can solve 80% of a total of about 300 problems to an accuracy of at least 10-6 in relative duality gap and infeasibilities


The regulation of gender is central to the ecclesiastical and cultural structure of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon Church).1 The LDS Church has a long history of regulating the roles of women and men in, for example, the household, marriages,2 Church leadership positions, the wider social world, and even the afterlife.3 As in other patriarchal cultures, gender definitions in Mormonism function as a means for assigning and maintaining different levels of status, power, and legitimacy. Because religious interpretations of gender, like all other socially constructed systems of meaning,4 are humanly defined distinctions that can change over time, Mormon leaders routinely reinforce and promote distinctions between women and men, one purpose of which is to socially mark who controls the Church and who does not. Given the pervasiveness of these gender beliefs5 and the emphasis on obedience in the LDS Church,6 it is likely that when Mormon women and men embrace these teachings they consequently feel more connected to God and their religious faith. But what if one's gender identity does not fit neatly into the male/female distinctions taught and reinforced by most Christian denominations and in Mormonism in particular? One option would be for such individuals to conclude that the theological beliefs and institutional structure of their religion are irrelevant to their lives and leave the faith. Another option might be to change one's


This paper is to address using what a fluctuation of a metric tensor leads to, in pre Planckian physics, namely. If so then, we pick the conditions for an equality, with a small , to come up with restraints which are in line with modifications of the Friedman equation in a quantum bounce, with removal of the Penrose theorem initial singularity. In line with super negative pressure being applied, so as to understand what we can present as far as H = 0 ( quantum bounce) in terms of density of the Universe. And also considering what to expect when . I.e. we have a negative energy density in Pre Planckian space-time.


This investigation was conducted at Nubaria Res. Stn. In 2010 and 2011 seasons to study the response of some maize hybrids to late planting dates. Eleven maize hybrids (SC10, SC122, SC128, SC129, SC164, SC166, SC167, SC168, TWC321, TWC324 and TWC329) were planted on July1, July15, Aug.1 and Aug.15. Results showed significant yield differences among the hybrids in their response to late planting. Delaying planting after July 15 th significantly increased the number of days from planting to 50% tasseling and silking but decreased plant and ear heights. Grain yield reduced with delaying planting from July1 to Aug.15. Growing maize in the period from July 15 to Aug.1 significantly increased leaf blight disease infection, while planting on Aug.15 showed significant decrease in disease infection compared to planting on the previous period. Single cross 10 surpassed all hybrids in grain yield (19.40 ard/fed) in the first season, while TWC 321 produced the highest grain yield (20.36 ard/fed) in the second one. On the other hand, SC128 was the most inferior in grain yield (13.44 ard/fed) in both seasons, while SC122 gave the lowest grain yield (15.78 ard/fed) in the second season. The interaction between hybrids and planting dates was significant for all studied traits, except ear height in the second season. This study indicated that SC10 maybe the most suitable maize hybrid for late plantings followed by TWC 321 and SC166.


In 1958, my father Michael Young published a short book called The Rise of the Meritocracy, 1870-2033: An Essay on Education and Equality. It purported to be a paper written by a sociologist in 2034 about the transformation of Britain from a feudal society in which people's social position and level of income were largely determined by the socio-economic status of their parents into a modern Shangri-La in which status is based solely on merit. He invented the word meritocracy to describe this principle for allocating wealth and prestige and the new society it gave rise to.


The use of recycled aggregate concrete is increasing faster than the development of appropriate design recommendations. Using high quality recycled sands from demolished concrete, we made reinforced concrete beams to experiment in flexural performances. This paper reports limited experimental data on the structural performance of reinforced concrete beams with recycled sands. Reinforced concrete beams with natural sands and recycled sands were tested to evaluate their failure modes, flexural behavior and development/splice characteristics. Based on the experimental results, R/C beams with recycled concrete used about equal strength and failure mode with natural concrete beams. Also structural performance of development/splice specimen was, too.


Driving is a technical skill undertaken in a social context that affords expressive opportunities. Theories of driver behaviour need to account for why, where, when, what and how people drive. Levels of analysis include consideration of the social influences that sustain the culture of automobility; the network of travel and transport obligations that help define individual's activity patterns; the deviations from reference driving behaviour - violations - that partly constitute their driving style; and the system characteristics that promote or constrain cognitive failures - errors. This paper describes an attempt to incorporate some of these factors into a descriptive model of person and system influences on crash-involvement. For the covering abstract see ITRD E113725.


Although organizational politic behavior is present in every firm, it is often difficult to measure. The "Politics Perception Scale", developed by Kacmar and Ferris [1] in 1991, was used to measure the political behavior within the firm. The absence of such a research for construction sector employees is the starting point of this study. In this study, the perceptions of organizational politics encountered in construction sector employees were analyzed using the "Politics Perception Scale". Data on the items directed to the participants were collected by a questionnaire. Frequency distribution of measurement items was obtained and reliability analysis was made for the data. Graphical distributions of the items used in the measurement of the factors that constitute the perception of organizational politics scale (POPS) are presented. Correlation coefficients between factors were calculated by correlation analysis. The results showed that among the 5 factors that constitute the perception of organizational politics scale, the factor of "self serving content" ranks first in organizational behavior. Keywords: Organizational politics, political perception, construction firms. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/6-11-04


This paper builds on the recently emerged scholarship of researcher development and considers a potential conceptual framework to inform methodology in research on researcher development. Specifically, I begin by examining the knowledge base of researcher development and discussing a recently proposed agenda for research in the field. I then argue that there is a particular need for a conceptual framework to underpin research on researcher development and consider the potential of a framework that draws upon Vygotskian sociocultural and activity theory. At the end of the paper, I present analysis of qualitative data from existing researcher development literature to illustrate how this framework can be applied empirically.


This work investigates the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a prototype table-top inverse-geometry volumetric CT (IGCT) system. The IGCT system has been proposed to acquire sufficient volumetric data in one circular rotation using a large-area scanned source and a narrower array of fast detectors. The source and detector arrays have the same axial, or slice, extent, thus providing sufficient volumetric coverage. A prototype system has been built using a NexRay Scanning-Beam Digital X-ray system (NexRay, Inc., Los Gatos, CA) with the C-arm gantry in the horizontal position and a stage placed between the source and detector to rotate the scanned object. The resulting system has a 16-cm in-plane field of view (FOV) and 5-cm axial FOV. Two phantoms were constructed for measuring the MTF. A 76 micron tungsten wire placed axially in a plastic frame was used to measure the in-plane MTF, and the same wire slanted at 45 degrees was used to test the isotropy of the MTF. The data were calibrated for flat-field intensity and geometric misalignment and reconstructed using a modified 3D PET algorithm. For both phantoms, slices perpendicular to the wires were reconstructed. Simulations which model the IGCT system were used to verify the MTF measurement, along with analytical predictions. The measured MTF curve was similar in shape to the predicted curve with a 10% point at 20 lp/cm compared to a predicted 18 lp/cm. Future work will also study the uniformity of the MTF across the FOV and further characterize the IGCT system.


Based on the provisions of the Eurasian Economic Union law, the article analyzes the legal framework for the mechanisms of preparation for clarification of the provisions of acts of the Eurasian Economic Union in order to determine the order initiating their preparation. The author outlines the acts of the Eurasian Economic Union, the provisions of which shall be subject to clarification. The article identifies the authorized body of the Eurasian Economic Union, endowed with the right for preparation of clarifications of the provisions of these acts, establishes the range of persons who have the right to address the competent authority of the Eurasian Economic Union with a request for the clarification, and touches upon the order of their selection. Following the polls of a number of persons who have the right to address the competent authority of the Eurasian Economic Union with a request for the clarification, the author establishes some valid options (ways) for interpretation of the acts of the Eurasian Economic Union by persons vested with the right to appeal to the competent authority of the Eurasian Economic Union with the appropriate application for clarification. The author defines the procedure for submitting requests for clarification of provisions of the acts by the persons who have the right to appeal to the competent authority of the Eurasian Economic Union. At the same time, the author analyses the possibility of creating indirect acts of interpretation by the Eurasian Economic Commission based on the requests of interested persons in relation to decisions made by the Eurasian Economic Commission itself. The article considers the approaches to the establishment of interpretive process in the Eurasian Economic Union before and after the start of its work, and identifies their distinctive features.


Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder which leads to multiple hospitalizations and causes significant impairment of quality of life. Cannabis use is common in patients with CVS, and there are limited data on the national trends in the prevalence of its use in the United States.


Seismologic studies have reported seismic velocities reduction and Vp/Vs ratio changes over damage zones associated with seismogenic faults. The structure and elastic properties of these damage zones indicate the maturity of faults and affect the rupture dynamics of future seismic events. Therefore, they contain critical information about fault properties that could inform seismic hazards. Here we present a geodetic modeling approach to constrain velocity changes and elastic properties of fault damage zones under stress perturbation from nearby earthquakes. Compared to seismic tomographic analysis that is usually limited by resolution, this geodetic approach provides tighter constraints on the elastic properties and geometry of the damage zone at shallow depths. Our results imply that a major component of the shallow strain release is distributed and inelastic. The existence of numerous shallow faults either may indicate a locally detached shallow layer or they are remnants from earlier fault evolution.


Sleep disorders in cancer patients, especially insomnia, are the one of the most important factors
influencing unfavourably, similarly to pain and weekness, the patients' quality of life. Proper diagnosis
and treatment can help oncologists in their everyday practice. The role of cancer diesease in sleep
disorders occurence is complex. The neoplastic disease itself can be the predisposing factor of insomnia
- the patients sleep become sensitive, many troubles and organs' dysfunctions caused by the disease
lead to sleeplessness as well as sleep disorders. The changes in life style, inadequate sleeping hours
scheme or withdrawal from social life can are the perpetuating factors of insomnia. The reports on
sleep disorders in different neoplastic diseases are presented here. In the part concerning treatment of
insomnia the nonpharmacological methods are of particular notice because according to recent experience
the best results in treatment of insomnia in cancer patients can be achieved using the cognitive-behavioral therapy described in the article.


The objective of this paper is to present a rare case with negative final histologic examination despite abnormal findings of all previous exams indicating breast cancer in an 80 year old woman. Mammographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings were concordant with the frozen section biopsy result of DCIS. However, the final histologic diagnosis was radial scar (benign breast lesion that can radiologically mimic malignancy). As a conclusion, abnormal mammographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings with positive for DCIS frozen section reports are not always confirmed in the final histologic examination. Furthermore, considering that screening does not seem to be associated with a reduction in mortality due to breast cancer after the age of 75, breast cancer screening could be individualized in this age group.


Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the most common pediatric endocrine emergency. Furthermore, DKA is the leading cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in childrenwith type 1 diabetes mellitus. The basic pathology in DKA is absolute or relative insulin deficiency. In Pediatrics,insulindeficiency is usuallyabsoluteasintypeI diabetes mellitus (DM) and can be relative as in Type II DM. Guidelines and experience in DKA management in children, is based on patients with type I DM. Experience with type II DM‐related DKA is limited. In up to 67% of the cases of new onset diabetes mellitus (DM), DKA is the initial presenting clinical picture.


Applications of lasers (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) in various disciplines of medicine including Urology are well developed. Urology is among the medical specialties that apply many different types of laser systems to treat a broad spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from genital, bladder and urethral tumors to the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), urethral strictures, and stones. The specific application of various laser systems depends on the characteristics of the laser itself, delivery media for the beams, laser-tissue interaction and the desired effect. These complex conditions require an intensive and continuous exchange of information between non-medical researchers and physicians to verify "what is currently technically possible and what is medically needed". Only this exchange can lead to the development of new laser systems. While lasers have become the treatment of choice in some conditions, they could not, despite excellent clinical results, replace conventional therapy options in others. Nonetheless, the use and the introduction of lasers of different wavelengths forces urologists to keep step with the fast developing laser technology. This paper reviews current indications for clinical laser applications relevant to urology and the advantages and disadvantages of using lasers for the management of various urological lesions.


Significance In human females, one of the two X chromosomes is inactive (Xi) and adopts an unusual 3D conformation. The Xi chromosome contains superloops, large chromatin loops that are often anchored at the macrosatellite repeat DXZ4, and is partitioned into two large intervals, called superdomains, whose boundary lies at DXZ4. Here, we use spatial proximity mapping, microscopy, and genome editing to study the Xi. We find that superloops and superdomains are conserved across humans, macaque, and mouse. By mapping proximity between three or more loci, we show that superloops tend to occur simultaneously. Deletion of DXZ4 from the human Xi disrupts superloops, eliminates superdomains, and alters chromatin modifications. Finally, we show that a model in which CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin extrude chromatin can explain the formation of superloops and superdomains. During interphase, the inactive X chromosome (Xi) is largely transcriptionally silent and adopts an unusual 3D configuration known as the "Barr body." Despite the importance of X chromosome inactivation, little is known about this 3D conformation. We recently showed that in humans the Xi chromosome exhibits three structural features, two of which are not shared by other chromosomes. First, like the chromosomes of many species, Xi forms compartments. Second, Xi is partitioned into two huge intervals, called "superdomains," such that pairs of loci in the same superdomain tend to colocalize. The boundary between the superdomains lies near DXZ4, a macrosatellite repeat whose Xi allele extensively binds the protein CCCTC-binding factor. Third, Xi exhibits extremely large loops, up to 77 megabases long, called "superloops." DXZ4 lies at the anchor of several superloops. Here, we combine 3D mapping, microscopy, and genome editing to study the structure of Xi, focusing on the role of DXZ4. We show that superloops and superdomains are conserved across eutherian mammals. By analyzing ligation events involving three or more loci, we demonstrate that DXZ4 and other superloop anchors tend to colocate simultaneously. Finally, we show that deleting DXZ4 on Xi leads to the disappearance of superdomains and superloops, changes in compartmentalization patterns, and changes in the distribution of chromatin marks. Thus, DXZ4 is essential for proper Xi packaging.


The utility model relates to a low-voltage heavy-current experiment load resistor used in the experiment process of power electronic devices, and specifically provides a water-cooled resistor. The water-cooled resistor comprises an upper main water pipe and a lower water pipe, wherein wiring terminals are connected to the upper main water pipe and the lower water pipe respectively; a water distribution pipe is connected between the upper main water pipe and the lower water pipe; a water outlet is formed on the upper main water pipe; a water inlet is formed on the lower water pipe; and an exhaust valve is arranged on the upper main water pipe. Compared with the prior art, the water-cooled resistor has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, small volume, convenient use, external wiring convenience, convenient installation and maintenance and the like.


In order to safeguard the safe production and economic benefit of Gastrodia elata Bl.,and provide scientific direction for the prevention and control of its pests,we studied the adverse effects of a new pest of this plant,Azpeytia shirakii Hurkmans(Diptera:Syrphidae).The damage caused by different densities of A.shirakii was studied in both continually cropped and non-continually cropped fields.The results show that A.shirakii larva enter the new growing tips of G.elata rhizomes;the damaged exterior of the resultant wormholes could be easily observed.We found 1-3 bands of 5-8 mm diameter worm-tracts in rhizomes.Larval density was 38-50 individuals per m2.The proportion of damaged plants exceeded 20% but differed(P 0.01) between continually cropped and non-continually cropped fields.Some suggestions for the prevention and control of A.shirakii are provided.


bcr /abl RNAi lentivirus vector was constructed and used to transfect K562 cells( the first human immortalised myelogenous leukemia line to be established),and the stable transfectants were selected. RNAi efficiency was assessed by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. The viability of the K562 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay and clonogenic assay. The results showed that bcr / abl RNAi significantly down regulates the amount of bcr / abl mRNA and P210bcr / ablfusion protein,and inhibits the proliferation of the K562 cells. The method of RNAi targeting bcr / abl fusion gene highlights a new way of chronic myelogenous leukemia treatment.


An ECL 100K-compatible 1024/spl times/4 bit RAM with 15 ns access time, 900 mW power dissipation, and a chip size of 18.3 mm/SUP 2/ has been developed for caches and control memories of high-performance computer systems. The 1K/spl times/4 organisation mode combines the lower cost per bit of a 4K-bit device with the higher memory-module design flexibility of a 1K word unit. The excellent speed performance together with the high packing density have been achieved by using an oxide isolation technology with oxide-walled emitters in conjunction with novel circuit techniques.


Mutations in a Cl− channel (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator or CFTR) are responsible for the cystic fibrosis (CF) phenotype. Increased Na+ transport rates are observed in CF airway epithelium, and recent studies suggest that this is due to an increase in Na+ channel open probability (Po). The Xenopus renal epithelial cell line, A6, expresses both cAMP-activated 8-picosiemen (pS) Cl− channels and amiloride-sensitive 4-pS Na+ channels, and provides a model system for examining the interactions of CFTR and epithelial Na+ channels. A6 cells express CFTR mRNA, as demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and partial sequence analysis. A phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide, complementary to the 5′ end of the open reading frame of Xenopus CFTR, was used to inhibit functional expression of CFTR in A6 cells. Parallel studies utilized the corresponding sense oligonucleotide as a control. CFTR protein expression was markedly reduced in cells incubated with the antisense oligonucleotide. Incubation of A6 cells with the antisense oligonucleotide led to inhibition of forskolin-activated amiloride-insensitive short circuit current (Isc). After a 30-min exposure to 10 μM forskolin, 8-pS Cl− channel activity was detected in only 1 of 31 (3%) cell-attached patches on cells treated with antisense oligonucleotide, compared to 5 of 19 (26%) patches from control cells. A shift in the single-channel current-voltage relationship derived from antisense-treated cells was also consistent with a reduction in Cl− reabsorption. Both amiloride-sensitive Isc and Na+ channel Po were significantly increased in antisense-treated, forskolin-stimulated A6 cells, when compared with forskolin-stimulated controls. These data suggest that the regulation of Na+ channels by CFTR is not limited to respiratory epithelia and to epithelial cells in culture overexpressing CFTR and epithelial Na+ channels.


Electra Spray Ionization (ESI) mass-spectrometry (MS) coupling solutions are presented and demonstrated for online analysis of organic chemistry reactions on chip. In contrast to most of the many-presented designs in literature, these designs are simple and resistant to the harsh conditions present when using aggressive, organic compounds.


The mixing of solid-liquid systems exhibiting non-Newtonian flow behaviour is studied using CFD. It is shown how transient variations in the local solids concentration can be included by adding a scalar transport equation for concentration and introducing a rheological model that is dependent on the local concentration. As an example, the transient behaviour of an agitated pulp stock chest subjected to variations in inlet pulp concentration is treated. In the chests, the mixing of the pulp suspension is important for decreasing the amplitude of the variations in the outlet flow from the chests, and this mixing is highly dependent on the local fibre concentration in the chest. The pulp suspension was modelled as a Bingham fluid, with a yield stress related to the local fibre concentration. It is shown that the change in the local fibre concentration affects the cavern formation, thus also affecting the mixing efficiency of the tank. The flow pattern obtained in the transient simulation, including the fibre concentration variation, indicates that there are areas that will remain unchanged over time. It is also shown that the yield stress level strongly affects the efficiency of the chest. Results of CFD model simulations agree fairly well with in-line fibre concentration measurements of the inlet and outlet flow from an industrial chest.


China, the largest carbon dioxide emitter in the world, has faced environmental pressures both internationally and domestically over the last ten years. In early 2011, the Chinese government approved a carbon emissions trading program in seven cities and provinces, and started planning a national emissions trading framework. This thesis reviews these pilot programs and examines the issues that underlie them. Drawing lessons from the U.S. Acid Rain Program, the European Union's ETS, and California's CAT, the three largest emissions trading frameworks in the world, I find that: (1) lack of trades in China's pilot programs is a consequence of permit over allocation; (2) lack of stringent regulations and penalties have caused low compliance rates and biased data quality; and (3) the secondary market has low liquidity and permit prices do not imply true values. Based on these results, I suggest using benchmarking and auctions instead of free distribution to allocate permits to prevent loopholes and over-allocation. Further, I suggest that the regulatory agency should enforce stringent rules on quality data and encourage transparency by creating a publicly trackable online database.


Rapid thermal processing (RTP) is becoming increasingly more important in semiconductor wafer fabrication. A nonlinear physical model for a generic RTP system is described. This generic RTP system is representative of the state-of-the-art RTP systems. A low-order nonlinear model is developed. A model-based LQG controller is designed for the low-order model which successfully controls the full-order nonlinear simulation model.


The vertical radiation patterns of high-frequency (HF) curtain arrays are both expensive and time-consuming to measure. In addition, by the time the measurements can be made, it is usually too late to make significant changes to the array or its location. The paper describes a method of predicting the pattern over arbitrary ground and gives comparisons between predictions and measurements.


We have studied theoretically the problem on the resonance excitation of surface oscillation of the transparent liquid weakly viscous particles of arbitrary size under the modulated laser irradiation. The dependence of the droplet surface deformation amplitude on the radiation modulation frequency was determined for different values of the particle radius. The characteristics of induced oscillation of particles at their resonance excitation were investigated. The increase of the resonance characteristic width of surface oscillation was observed with the particle size decrease and with growth of liquid viscosity as well. The problem of light scattering on oscillating liquid particles was numerically studied. The greatest modulation of scattered light is shown to occur in the directions normal to the incident radiation, as well as in the direction of primary rainbow.


Presentation of Case A 28-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of right exophthalmos and ptosis after radiation treatment for Hodgkin's disease. She was well until 41 months earlier,...


1,1‐ADEQUATE is a powerful and robust NMR experiment to establish carbon–carbon connectivities using modest sample quantities when cryogenic probe technology is available. Yet potential pitfalls of applying this method are not widely appreciated, such as weak or missing 1JCC correlations in strongly coupled 13C‐13C AB spin systems and unusually large multi‐bond (nJCC) correlations associated with particular functional groups. These large nJCC correlations observed in 1,1‐ADEQUATE spectra could be mistaken for 1JCC correlations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Among the factors affecting the development of matriculation, the construction of laws and regulations is an important one calling for attention. With the fast development of higher education,some current clauses of the laws and regulations don't fit in with the reforms of higher education any longer. So, it should be improved in two aspects: to revise those out-of-dated clauses and to make legislation for examination.


Research purposes: All parallel supply with parallel branch connecting the upward and downward catenaries in the dual electrified railway will made the current distribution more balanced and could promote the power supply quality roundly,which is specially adapted to the electrified railways with mono-directional traction load in mountain areas.Currently the parallel branch was set in the middle of the supply arm,but the reason could not be found.In this paper the load capacity of traction network with all parallel supply mode is calculated and the best position of the parallel branch is also analyzed. Research conclusions:(1) All parallel supply mode can reduce the demand of load capacity efficaciously.(2)The best effect arises when the parallel branch is set at the front one-quarter of the supply arm.(3)The current flowing in the parallel branch always keep at 25% approximately.(4) The best position of the AT post is also at the front one-quarter of the supply arm.


Electricity consumption(EC) is one of the basic indexes for the evaluation of electric power situation.Obtaining timely and accurate spatio-temporal changes of EC is significant for reasonable allocation of electric power resources.In this study,EC simulation model was developed by using the DMSP/OLS stable nighttime light time series data.The model was used to reconstruct the spatial patterns of EC in Chinese mainland at the county level from 1995 to 2008.In addition,the spatio-temporal changes of EC were analyzed.Some conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1) The electricity consumption simulation model was reliable to represent the spatio-temporal changes of EC in Chinese mainland with an about 70% accuracy.(2) The EC of most regions in Chinese mainland was at low to medium level with marked temporal and spatial variations,while 49.72% of the high level EC was concentrated in eastern China.The six urban agglomerations(Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region,Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou region,Pearl River Delta,Shandong Peninsula,middle-south of Liaoning Province and Sichuan Basin) accounted for 10.69% of the total area in Chinese mainland,and consumed 39.23% of electricity.(3) The EC of most regions in Chinese mainland increased from 1995 to 2008,and 64% of the regions showed a significant increase in EC.The EC of eastern and central China showed a medium-speed increase from 1995 to 2008,being 61.62% and 80.65%,respectively,while the EC of 75.69% of western China showed no significant increase.Specifically,the EC showed a high-speed increase in the Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou region,Pearl River Delta,Shandong Peninsula,being 77.27%,89.35% and 66.72%,respectively.The EC showed a medium-speed increase in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region(71.12%) and middle-south of Liaoning Province(72.13%),while 56.34% of Sichuan Basin showed no significant increase.


. The nature and high sensitivity of complex products and development projects lead to increased complexity at operational and organizational levels requiring particular types of organizing & management styles. Identifying the key competencies required for project managers, especially those managing complex research and development (R&D) projects in the oil and gas industry, can increase the chance of project success. The main objective of this research is to identify the key competencies required for managing complex products and systems (CoPS) in R&D projects carried out in Iran's oil and gas industry. The Delphi- fuzzy approach is used to develop an effective measurement model based on group decision-making methods and fuzzy inference systems. The results and analyses of the model are used to determine the key competencies needed in the studied organization. The results demonstrate that risk management, system integration, and personal abilities with competency importance factors of 1.7, 1.6, and 1.6 respectively, are more important than other competencies while dealing with complexity in the projects studied.


Ultrasonic sensor is being used widely for its simplicity and cheap cost. It can measure the distance to objects just measuring the time of flight of the ultrasound. Inspired by studies about the bat's echolocation system, we tested the cross-correlation of FM ultrasonic signals and its possibility for the echolocation system. In this paper we simulate object discrimination experiments which are supposed to distinguish a prey object from the background objects with ultrasonic signals. We assume a prey object is located in the cluttered environment. The cross-correlation between the transmitted signal and the echoed signal produces an impulse-like signal for objects in the environment. The simulation result suggests that the prey object can be discriminated from the cluttered background better with a higher sweep rate of FM ultrasonic signals.


In practice, we are often interested in order relations (e.g., when we describe preferences) or equivalence relations (e.g., when we describe clustering). Often, we do not have a complete information about the corresponding relation; as a result, we have several relations consistent with our knowledge. In such situations, it is desirable to know which elements a and b are possibly connected by the relation and which are necessarily connected by this relation. In this paper, we provide a full description of all such possible and necessary orders and equivalence relations. For example, possible orders are exactly reexive relations,


PV 2010 was published in 1996, and has become a bench-mark document on Photovoltaics. 10,000 copies were printed and distributed by the European Commission. This study is being updated to take into account the many changes in the European and global PV markets and to bring it into line with the current and expected future PV projections - in terms of EU and national PV targets, PV industry, and end-users. The key objectives of the updated PV 2010 report are in-depth analyses of the supply and demand structures of the PV sector, in order to create a greater understanding of, and attracting increased investment into, the EU PV industry. As part of this action an Observatory will be created to support the European Commission and EPIA in the dynamic formulation and evaluation of strategic policies/scenarios. The aim of this Observatory is to build, sustain and increase the world-wide PV market share of the European PV industry through the continuous monitoring and evaluation of PV demand and supply. In today's rapidly changing world economic climate, this is an appropriate time to consider refocusing PV 2010 and obtaining more detailed information to enable the European PV industry to have a more accurate base for planning future strategies and direction.


This study focuses on Web-based Identity Management Systems (IdMS), a new and emerging field where technology and business processes are integrated for the creation of identity-centric approaches to the management of users, their attributes, authentication factors and security privileges across the Internet and within an organisation. Understanding factors that affect user adoption of information technology is of interest to researchers in a diversity of fields. Although previous studies have addressed an extensive range of factors related to user adoption of information technology applications and products, there is no research examining the adoption of IdMS. In addition, no studies have investigated the conceptualisation and measurement of adoption factors in the IdMS context. The main objective of this study is to fill this clear gap by aiming to explore and understand the important factors influencing the user adoption of IdMS.


Patients with borderline personality disorder are characterized by ongoing engagement in self-destructive behavior, which may, according to previous studies of samples of convenience, include preventing wounds from healing. In this study, we examined in a consecutive sample of internal medicine outpatients the relationship between borderline personality symptomatology (using two self-report measures for borderline personality) and the phenomenon of prevented-wounds-from-healing. According to two different statistical approaches, there was a statistically significant relationship between positive scores of borderline personality symptomatology on both measures, and prevented wounds from healing.


The movement and metabolism of [8-14C]zeatin applied to the root nodules of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. was investigated. Twenty-four hours after the start of uptake, zeatin and a number of its metabolites were detected in all parts of the plant. The major radioactive compounds present in a cationic fraction of different plant parts at this time co-chromatographed on Sephadex LH20 with zeatin (in nodules, stems, and leaves) and with zeatin riboside (in roots, stems, and buds). In the roots, in addition to the peak co-chromatographing with zeatin ribo side, there was also a prominent unidentified polar peak. The presence of zeatin and zeatin riboside in the stems and leaves was indicated also by chromatographic behaviour in other systems, effects of permanganate oxidation, and co crystallisation with the authentic unlabelled compounds. Biological activity was exhibited by both peaks in the soybean callus bioassay. Other metabolites in the shoot, possibly active as cytokinins, had the characteristics of dihydrozeatin, zeatin or dihydrozeatin-5'-nucleotide(s), and zeatin or dihydrozeatin glucosides. The gradual disappearance with time of zeatin and its riboside from the shoot was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of more polar meta bolites.


Significant increases in renewable uptake at the distribution system level, especially solar photovoltaics (PV), can bring about operational challenges for active distribution network (ADN) operators. These challenges primarily stem from the uncertainty inherent in renewable injections and result in dispatch cost risks. Further uncertainty comes in the form of available demand response or dispatchable load. Interval analysis and optimization is a robust problem-solving and decision-making technique that effectively handles parametric uncertainties. In this paper, a novel interval optimization technique is used to formulate and solve the economic dispatch problem of an ADN given renewable generation and dispatchable load capacity uncertainties. The approach is tested and verified on a modified IEEE 13 bus system. The results demonstrate that the proposed interval optimization-based method can properly model the uncertain parameters as intervals to provide insights to operators regarding risks associated with renewable uncertainties.


The invention discloses Rhodomyrtus tomentosa wine and a preparation method of the Rhodomyrtus tomentosa wine. The preparation method of the Rhodomyrtus tomentosa wine comprises the following steps: 1, mixing Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruits with white spirit with 35-55% of alcohol content, soaking for 2-4 months at 25-28 DEG C to obtain soaked material liquid; 2, carrying out centrifugal separation on the soaked material liquid, and taking the supernate to obtain a wine sample; 3, adding sugar into the wine sample and uniformly mixing, and then aging for more than 3 months at 15-20 DEG C to obtain aged wine; and 4, filtering the aged wine by using a microporous filter and filling to finally obtain the Rhodomyrtus tomentosa wine, wherein the weight ratio of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruits to white spirit to sugar is 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.7. The prepared Rhodomyrtus tomentosa wine is transparent, full and dark red, tastes mild sour and sweet and mellow with long-lasting aftertaste and has the unique flavor of the Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit.


Current topics engaging the attention of the scientific community place an ever-increasing demand on accessing information in the microwave and far-infrared energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This is manifested not only in the heavy demand for neutron spectrometers, but also in the multitude of high-field EPR facilities springing up across Europe and elsewhere. Conventional neutron backscattering instruments such as IN10 at the ILL and HFBS at NIST proffer sub-μeV resolution but only for energy transfers <ca. 30 μeV. Transitions in the inelastic regime may be readily observed with time-of-flight or three-axis instruments but with a resolution that often cannot compete with optical or magnetic resonance techniques, the inherent advantages of the neutron scattering technique notwithstanding.


The invention relates to a process, to a device for smoothing dark regions of images and to a coding system. - a noise level is associated with each image and a luminance value is associated with each pixel, - a threshold value is calculated, - at least two values delimiting a smoothing range are defined,- for each current pixel, the luminance of the pixel is compared with the said values,- if the luminance of the current pixel lies in a smoothing range, the luminance of several pixels in an analysis window is compared with the said values,- if the luminance of certain pixels lies in the same range as the value of the luminance of the current pixel, the value of the luminance of the current pixel is modified as a function of the said threshold values.


The post-colonial African state has long been viewed as a major culprit in Africa's socioeconomic crisis. Its failure to coordinate policy with broad social interests and to reconcile its governance system with the institutions and cultural values of its citizens is a major factor. This paper examines if new globalization and its liberalization policies have begun to narrow the discrepancy between policy and social interests and to facilitate the reconstitution of the state by shifting the balance of power between state and society in favor of society. The findings suggest that, despite the apparent spread of democratization during the era of post – Cold-War globalization, the policy mechanisms of globalization have notably worsened the disjuncture between policy and social interests and exacerbated the antagonisms between the state and society in the African continent.


We first define Cesàro type classes of sequences of fuzzy numbers and equip the set with a complete metric. Then we compute the Köthe-Toeplitz dual and characterize some related matrix classes involving such classes of sequences of fuzzy numbers.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: claimed invention relates to method of obtaining hydrated nitrile rubber. Method includes reaction of nitrile rubber in presence of hydrogen, optionally at least one coolefin and in presence of at least one compound of general formula . Values of radicals are the following: M stands for ruthenium or osmium; Y stands for oxygen (O), sulphur (S), radical N-R 1 or radical P-R 1 , where R 1 is such as determined below; X 1 and X 2 stand for similar or different ligands; R 1 stands for alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, alcoxy, alkenyloxy, alkinyloxy, aryloxy, alcoxycarbonyl, alkylamine, alkylthioyl, aryltioyl, alkylsulphonyl, CR 13 C(O)R 14 or aplylsulphinyl radical, each of which can be optionally substituted with one or greater quantity of alkyl, halogenide, alcoxy, aryl or heteroaryl radicals; R 13 stands for hydrogen or alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, alcoxy, alkenyloxy, alkinyloxy, aryloxy, alcoxycarbonyl, alkylamine, alkylthioyl, aryltioyl, alkylsulphonyl or alkylsulphinyl radical, each of which can be optionally substituted with one or greater quantity of alkyl, halogenide, alcoxy, aryl or heteroaryl radicals R 14 stands for alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, alcoxy, alkenyloxy, alkinyloxy, aryloxy, alcoxycarbonyl, alkylamine, alkylthioyl, aryltioyl, alkylsulphonyl or alkylsulphonyl radical, each of which can be optionally substituted with one or greater quantity of alkyl, halogenide, alkoxy, aryl or heteroaryl radicals; R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are similar or different and each stands for hydrogen, organic or inorganic radicals; R 6 stands for hydrogen or alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl or arylradical and L stands for ligand. Nitrile rubber is simultaneously subjected to metathesis reaction and hydration reaction. Also claimed is application of compound of general formula (I) in method of obtaining hydrated nitrile rubber. EFFECT: compound of general formula (I) makes it possible to obtain hydrated nitrile rubber, possessing lower molecular weights and more narrow molecular weight distributions. 14 cl, 2 ex, 3 tbl


When a child is hospitalized, it is usually more than one person who needs attention – i.e. the child as well as its parents. The emergency ward environment and surgery rooms are unfamiliar and the ...


Integrity of in-service engineering structures is prone to fatigue damage over their lifespan. Majority of the currently existing elastic-wave-based damage identification techniques have been developed and validated for damage at macroscopic levels, by canvassing linear properties of elastic waves such as attenuation, transmission, reflection and mode conversion. However the real damage in engineering structures often initiates from fatigue crack, presenting highly nonlinear characteristics under cyclic loads. It is of great significance but vast challenge to detect fatigue damage of small dimension at its initial stage. In this study, traditional elastic-wave-based damage identification techniques were first employed with an attempt to detect fatigue crack initiated from a notch in an aluminium plate with the assistance of a signal correlation analysis, to observe the deficiency of the approach. Then the higher-order harmonic wave generation was used to exploit the nonlinear characteristics of acousto-ultrasonic waves (Lamb waves), whereby the fatigue damage was characterised. Results show that nonlinear characteristics of acousto-ultrasonic waves can facilitate more effective detection of fatigue damage than linear signal features such as wave reflection, transmission or mode conversion.


Hevea brasiliensis, a plant belonging family Euphorbiaceae. In Brazil this plant is not only use for medicinal purpose but also for cosmetics purpose. The present study was aimed to study analgesic and antidiarrheal activity of methanol extract of Hevea brasiliensis. Analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acidinduced writhing method and antidiarrheal by gastrointestinal motility method (charcoal meal test) in mice. Phytochemical evaluation was carried out by qualitative analysis. For analgesic evaluation, the extract (250 mg and 500 mg) showed significant activity compared to control diclofenac Na. On the other hand, for antidiarrheal activity the extract (250 mg and 500 mg) significantly reduce charcoal propulsion. The phytochemical evaluation showed significant presence of Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Saponins, Phytosterols, Proteins and amino acids, Fats & fixed oils. It's concluded that the extract possesses both analgesic and antidiarrheal activity and containing wide range of


Objectives To assess the outcome of the extended dorsal metacarpal artery (DMCA) flap and its modifications for coverage of finger defects distal to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. Background The extended DMCA flap is a reliable solution for resurfacing soft-tissue defects in hand surgery. However, limited studies have used it to reconstruct defects beyond the PIP joint. This study reports a novel experience applying this flap for various finger defects distal to the PIP joint. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 21 patients who underwent an extended DMCA flap transfer. Flap length was measured from the pivot point (midpoint of the proximal phalanx) to the distal border of the extensor retinaculum. The donor length was traced to the recipient-site fingers to determine the coverage area. All patients with single or multiple finger defects over volar/dorsal surface up to the Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) joint were included. Patients with associated injury in the skin of the dorsum of the hand and thumb defects were excluded. Results All flaps survived, and the average flap size was 9.31 ± 3.49 cm2 (range, 4.5–15 cm2). All donor sites were primarily closed, and skin grafting was not needed to close the donor defect. Complications recorded were venous congestion in six flaps, and no arterial insufficiency was recorded. Conclusions The extended DMCA flap is a simple and pliable flap with minimal donor-site morbidity and can be used to cover soft-tissue defects up to the DIP joint.


A rapid and simple method was developed for the analysis of flavoring compositions in Bombay Sapphire Dry Gin by head-space solid-phase micro-extraction associated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of extraction time, different extraction materials, diluted proportion on the extraction efficiency of flavoring compositions were studied and the extraction conditions were optimized.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the extrction time was 60 min,the extraction material was 75 μmCAR/PDMS, and the diluted proportion was 1:4.


Public Policy for Procurement of Goods / Services aims to synergize the provision
of goods / services with other sectoral policies. One of the policies that should
help the government to achieve a Good Governance and Clean Government in the
procurement of goods and services is to build the Electronic Procurement Service
(LPSE). Introduction LPSE aims to establish a single market, the procurement
market in Indonesia. The purpose of the single market is to reduce corrupt
practices in the procurement of goods and services by the government. To analyze
the success rate of this program in achieving Good Governance and Clean
Government writers use to spread Linkert analysis questionnaires to users and
providers. So it can determine the success rate of SPSE system for users and
providers. Although there are still gaps in the dimensions between users and
providers, SPSE system as a whole in an effort to achieve a Good Governance and
Clean Government in public procurement services LPSE Bengkulu province can
be said either.


According to the overall design idea of the frame of the 170 tons mining dump truck,the original plane model of the frontispiece shape of the portal-type girder is established.A topological optimization design for the model is carried out by the universal FEM software ANSYS.Based on the optimization design results,the three-dimensional model of the portal-type girder is established by the three-dimensional design software SolidWorks.The rigidity and intensity of the portal-type girder is calculated and analyzed by the FEM software COSMOSWorks.These provide a reference for the de- sign of the portal-type girder of mining dump truck.


Aims: The study aimed to analyze body composition and body surface temperature in people training CrossFit. Relationships between the analyzed parameters and the level of CrossFit advancement and sex of the subjects were also studied. Material and methods: The study was carried out at CrossFit Eternia club in Wroclaw, Poland, on a group of 40 volunteers who were divided according to their level of advancement in the CrossFit program. Body composition was tested using the bioelectrical impedance assessment (BIA) method and body surface temperature was examined with the FLIR T335 thermal imaging camera. In groups with a high level of physical activity, a lower level of body fat (FAT) content was shown (%). Results: Surface temperature most often and strongly correlated with total body water TBW [%] in the group of advanced men. Gender and level of advancement differentiated individual body composition parameters and body surface temperatures in people training CrossFit. In the group of people with an advanced level, a greater content of lean body mass was shown, and at the same time, a lower content of adipose tissue. Also, higher body temperatures were found in men than in women, and higher temperatures were found in people with higher levels of advancement than in groups with lower levels. Conclusions: Gender has a significant influence on the average temperature of the measured body areas. Advanced groups showed higher mean body temperatures than intermediate groups.


This report is a continuation of an earlier study (Kumar13; and Narasimha 1986) on the lift and pitching moment experienced by an airfoil placed within a turbulent boundary layer. The mean velocity in the turbulent boundary layer is represented in this report by a composite profile including the wall and wake laws with a slope that vanishes at the edge of the boundary layer. Results with this composite profile agree qualitatively with those of the one-seventh power law; profile investigated earlier, the maximum difference quantitatively being 22% in the lift coefficient at a blade height of 0.66 boundary layer thickness 6, and 47% in the pitching moment at a blade height of 0.6 delta.


In this paper, we review the characteristics of Arab immigrants and propose guidelines for couple and relationship education (CRE) programs with Arab immigrant couples. Arab immigrants are a heterogeneous group, yet they share common cultural characteristics and family values that are essential to understand when working with them. Generally, CRE programs with immigrated Arabs should be mindful of (1) strongly valued religious beliefs, (2) extended family as a primary source of support and marital problem-solving, (3) the tendency to follow gender-based roles and responsibilities, and (4) Arabic language and communication norms. Family educators and practitioners who work with recently immigrated Arab couples should familiarize themselves with these characteristics to better serve them.


With the recent proliferation of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, coupled with the expected massive growth in the deployment of such devices, the 3GPP Specifications continued to evolve to address the performance needs and the cost/complexity reduction requirements of these IoT devices, achieved through the introduction of new features and new User Equipment (UE) categories. These features will reduce device complexity and cost, reduce its power consumption and extend link coverage. In this paper, we present an overview of several features introduced in 3GPP Releases 13 and 14 to address the requirements of M2M communications together with the new air interface characteristics associated with the new UE categories, targeting IoT devices. The paper also examines capacity, coverage and different IoT deployment considerations as well as interference mitigation with legacy LTE deployments. 5G features improving IoT performance and enabling additional services and IoT ecosystem are also discussed.


In order to reduce wheel-radiated wideband noise, a new solution that equipped the wheels with multi-degree of freedom (DOF) damped dynamic absorber (DDA) is proposed. The dynamic model of the wheel with absorbers was established. By numerical analysis, the primary structural parameters of the absorber influencing the noise control effect are obtained and optimized. The radiated noise is measured before and after the absorber installed in the laboratory and in the field. The test results show that the wheel-radiated noise could be substantially reduced, especially above 2000Hz. The test results agree well with the theoretical analysis. The parametric analysis provides reference value for the design of multi-DOF DDACopyright © 2006 by ASME


A Stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine sulfate in pharmaceutical formulation. The mobile phase A consisted of Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Buffer 0.05M and 1-Ocatne sulphonic acid sodium salt 0.25%, pH adjusted to 3.0 with orthophospheric acid. Mobile Phase B: Acetonitrile, Gradient elution at flow rate of 1 mL/min and Column temperature at 40C. Detector wavelength of 242 nm using a photodiode array detector. The described method shows excellent linearity over a range of 200–10 μg ml for Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and 7200-360 μg ml for Pseudoephedrine sulfate. The correlation coefficient for Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine sulfate are 0.9999. The proposed method was found to be suitable, accurate for quantitative determination and the stability study of Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine sulfate in pharmaceutical preparations.


A novel concept for personal communication that achieves the ultimate objectives of communications services, to enable anyone to communicate instantly with anyone anywhere, is proposed. This concept offers a personal service network with subscriber access systems for both wired and radio terminals. Its three principal concepts are: (1) assigning a personal identity such as a personal telecommunication number for individual, with the network tracking the person's routing, (2) serving ultra-small portable units for radio link access, and (3) servicing advanced functions such as the network playing the role of secretary. An advanced personal communication system in which such functions as location registration and tracking exchange are handled by public communications networks is proposed. Cost-effective and rapid service development can be realizing by using such public communication network facilities as transport systems. The proposed system enables each person to afford a portable telephone set because of large cost reductions and increased capacity, The system architecture and technical problems are also presented.<<ETX>>


This paper presents a new approach for human hair length detection. In contrast to others, the proposed method is able to segment hairs from different views of human heads even with low resolution. Faces are not necessary to be visible in the images, as no face detection is needed in our method. Firstly, it conducts background subtraction to detect foreground objects and then detects human heads with a trained human head detector. Next, histogram analysis is carried out on the detected head region to segment hair region with K-mean clustering. Finally, hair length is determined by performing line scanning on the segmented hair region. The main advantages of the proposed method are able to handle the cases of (1) view variation and (2) low resolution or small human body appearance in the image. It is specially designed for surveillance system. The detected human hair length can be used as an invariant feature to be embedded into a human appearance model which can be employed for human detection, indexing and searching in multi cameras network system. This method aims at the fast processing speed and is able to achieve 7ms for hair length identification in a head patch detected. The experiments show the improvements in terms of speed and accuracy.


American Arctic as the Ruddy Turnstone which is reported regularly in Western Europe. Our observation shows that a switch between the East and West Atlantic flyways is possible in Ruddy Turnstones breeding in North America. Ruddy Turnstones breeding in the central North American Arctic and arriving in Europe as vagrants cannot be distinguished by plumage or biometric data from Ruddy Turnstones which regularly winter or pass through Western Europe (Engelmoer & Roselaar 1998). Their presence can only be detected by ringing recoveries. The use of colour-rings and flags increases the chance of sightings considerably and therefore recognition of vagrants. Therefore international coordination of colour-ringing schemes is very important; not only within but also between continents to prevent duplication of schemes and to facilitate the reporting of resightings. We suggest facilitating the exchange of information between all continents about colour ring schemes of species which breed in adjacent arctic regions, have different flyways and cannot be distinguished in the field, like Ruddy Turnstone, Red Knot and Ringed Plover. Special thanks go to Arie Slijkerman for catching several dozens of Ruddy Turnstones each winter with his "wilster" net, among them AAY. We also thank Kees van Scharenburg and Bernard Spaans for their useful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of the manuscript and Nigel Clark, Guy Morrison, Clive Minton, Richard Johnston-Gonzalez, Nathan Senner, Fernando Angulo Pratolongo and Brad Andres for help with checking the colour-ringing registers and responding to our enquiries.


The paper presents a system of numerical control conventional milling machine, however with drives equipped with electromagnetic clutches. In control system was used relay controlled using PC. There are connected to buttons to manually panel milling machine with an electromagnetic system feeds. Developed using VB6 special software to control the machine with G-code.


The aim of the study was to clarify the character of the initiatory activity of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms in regard to salt solutions. We selected colonies of two microorganisms: Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (St. aureus) [106 , 108 , 1010, 1012, 1014, 1016, 1018 and 1020 CFU/ml of solution]. A 10% solution of sodium chloride was used as the initiated substance, which made it possible to perform a tezigraphic test. On the basis of model experiments with colonies of some pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms, a new phenomenon was confirmed — microbial initiation of crystal formation (the phenomenon of microorganismassociated crystallogenesis). This phenomenon is universal for microagents, but it also has specific features imposed by the species of the microorganism and its current functional state.


In their work on ATS [CX05] and ATS [CX04], the authors present an ML-like language which distinguishes between term-level "dynamic" expressions which may contain side effects and pure "static" expressions which are functions on proof objects and might occur inside types. This distinction allows programmers to combine code (potentially containing side effects) with proofs, and with the help of an erasure property [CX05], these proofs can be discarded when programs are compiled.


This paper presents a low-cost framework for combining multimodal information (visible, IR and audio signal) for small area surveillance and security applications. The system uses audio and video information to capture different aspects of the environment and infrared imagery is used for low lighting conditions. The visual processing module of the system uses a motion-based approach for detecting objects, and Kalman filter for tracking. Environmental sound is recognised by extracting Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MLCCs) audio features and then classified by Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) technique. Experimental results on some typical sequences show promising results.


A. Q. aged 25, shop assistant, admitted to the West End Hospital for Nervous Diseases under the care of Dr. T. Rowland Hill on July 29th 1935, complaining of blindness in the left eye and diminished vision in right eye. No family history or previous history of importance. History of Present Illness: Impaired vision began suddenly in the left eye five months ago (March, I935) and became steadily worse until by June the eye was nearly blind. For the past month vision has been failing in the right eye. From time to time he has complained of frontal headache and pain behind the eyes; also of numbness in the left arm and left leg. Simultaneously his temperament is said to have changed in that he has become emotionally unstable and nervous. Physical Examinaton: Pupils moderate in size and equal; the right pupil reacts well to light and accommodation while the left is very sluggish to light and moderate in accommodation-convergence. Vision: the left eye perceives light only, and with right eye fingers are counted at ten inches. Fundi: left disc atrophic, uniformly pale with contracted vessels. Right disc shows temporal pallor with striation of nasal edge. Fields: absolute central scotoma in each eye. No nystagmus and other cranial nerves normal. Sensation: Paraesthesia over left arm and leg with slight diminution to light touch, pain and thermal stimuli.


Deep clustering has recently emerged as a promising technique for complex data clustering. Despite the considerable progress, previous deep clustering works mostly build or learn the final clustering by only utilizing a single layer of representation, e.g., by performing the K-means clustering on the last fully-connected layer or by associating some clustering loss to a specific layer, which neglect the possibilities of jointly leveraging multi-layer representations for enhancing the deep clustering performance. In view of this, this paper presents a Deep Clustering via Ensembles (DeepCluE) approach, which bridges the gap between deep clustering and ensemble clustering by harnessing the power of multiple layers in deep neural networks. In particular, we utilize a weight-sharing convolutional neural network as the backbone, which is trained with both the instance-level contrastive learning (via an instance projector) and the cluster-level contrastive learning (via a cluster projector) in an unsupervised manner. Thereafter, multiple layers of feature representations are extracted from the trained network, upon which the ensemble clustering process is further conducted. Specifically, a set of diversified base clusterings are generated from the multi-layer representations via a highly efficient clusterer. Then the reliability of clusters in multiple base clusterings is automatically estimated by exploiting an entropy-based criterion, based on which the set of base clusterings are re-formulated into a weighted-cluster bipartite graph. By partitioning this bipartite graph via transfer cut, the final consensus clustering can be obtained. Experimental results on six image datasets confirm the advantages of DeepCluE over the state-of-the-art deep clustering approaches.


High-temperature design evaluations of 700°C (1292°F) heat exchanger was conducted that would be installed in a large-scale high-temperature thermal energy storage performance test facility under development at KAERI site. The helical tube type sodium-to-air heat exchanger, AHX with 125kWt capacity of Type 316L austenitic stainless steel would be subjected to high-temperature operation at 700°C. Case studies in elevated temperature designs were conducted for the two materials of Type 316L and Type 316L(N) stainless steel codified in French high-temperature design rules of RCC-MRx. Because some significant material properties are not available up to 700°C in RCC-MRx, the lack material properties and design coefficients were determined through high-temperature material tests and relevant determination procedures. Another case studies on design temperatures with 700°C and 650°C (1202°F) in sodium coolant were conducted due to the availability of material properties in the design rules, and comparisons were made among the four cases of the two materials (316L and 316L(N)) and two design temperatures (700°C and 650°C).


The next time you're leafing (or more likely clicking) through a scientific journal, pick a paper and focus on the description of the data analysis. As statisticians, it's the analysis that natural...


The invention discloses a speed-measuring disc device for rotation speed of a warp beam of a sizing machine, comprising a sensing speed-measuring disc, an expansion pipe, a screw and a nut, wherein the screw sleeved with the expansion pipe is fixedly arranged in a shaft hole on one end of the warp beam of the sizing machine; the sensing speed-measuring disc is arranged on the end of the screw by the nut; sensing head of an electronic sensor fixedly arranged on a vertical column of the sizing machine aligns to a round hole on the circumference surface of the sensing speed-measuring disc; the speed-measuring disc device cooperates with the electronic sensor in order to transmit the measured information to the computer; the computer processes the information and computes accurate rotation speed of the warp beam of the sizing machine; the device is convenient and quick to assemble, regulate, disassemble and maintain and effectively improves economic benefit of the enterprise.


This paper presents an analytical model for determining the height and shape of a building. The average travel distances of external and internal traffic are obtained for a multi-story building with rectangular floors. The analytical expressions for the average distances demonstrate how the number of floors and the total floor area affect the travel distance in the building. The optimal number of floors that minimizes the average distance is then obtained. The effects of the shape of floors and the locations of the escalator and entrance on the average distance and the optimal number of floors are also examined. The result shows that a one-story building can be optimal if the total floor area is small and the internal traffic is dominant and that the diamond floor is superior to the square and rectangular floors.


The principal goal of this whitepaper is not so much to demonstrate that gravitational wave detectors like LIGO and LISA will help answer many central questions in astronomy and astrophysics, but to make the case that they can help answer a far greater range of questions if we prepare to make the (sometimes substantial) effort to identify electromagnetic counterparts to the gravitational wave sources.


We analyzed real-world clinical outcomes of sequential a -/ b -emitter therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods: We assessed safety and overall survival in 26 patients who received 177 Lu-prostate-speci fi c membrane antigen ligand ( 177 Lu-PSMA) after 223 Ra in the ongoing noninterventional REASSURE study ( 223 Ra a -Emitter Agent in Nonintervention Safety Study in mCRPC Population for Long-Term Evaluation; NCT02141438). Results: Patients received 223 Ra for a median of 6 injections and subsequent 177 Lu-PSMA for a median of 3.5 mo ( $ the fourth therapy in 69%). The median time between 223 Ra and 177 Lu-PSMA treatment was 8 mo (range, 1 – 31 mo). Grade 3 hematologic events occurred in 9 of 26 patients (during or after 177 Lu-PSMA treatment in 5/9 patients; 8/9 patients had also received docetaxel). Median overall survival was 28.0 mo from the 223 Ra start and 13.2 mo from the 177 Lu-PSMA start. Conclusion: Although the small sample size precludes de fi nitive conclusions, these preliminary data, especially the 177 Lu-PSMA treatment duration, suggest that the use of 177 Lu-PSMA after 223 Ra is feasible in this real-world setting.


Provided is an electronic device protective sleeve, comprising a first housing and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are connected together by a soft crease. The second housing can form an angle with the first housing through stretching the soft crease and turning the outwards, so that the protective sleeve forms a vertical base used to support an electronic device wrapped on the first housing. The protective sleeve can also be used as a support used for supporting the electronic device while achieves functions of a protective sleeve. The protective sleeve is convenient to use by users.


Objective To evaluate the clinical application of glass fiber post and resin core combined with zirconia all-ceramic crowns in the restoration of the molar.Methods Totally 70 teeth from 58 patients were restored by glass fiber post and resin core.All the patients were observed,examined and evaluated after 3 months to 2 years of the restoration.Results Totally 2 restoration of the residual root fell off,the failure rate is 3.4%.one of the two was restored by glass fiber post and the other was restored by implant.Other fiber post have no fell off or broken.Zirconia all-ceramic crowns was preserved perfectly with good marginal adaption.Conclusions Molar restoration with fiber post and resin core combined with zirconia all-ceramic crowns is an ideal clinical method.


A new group of hybrid organic-inorganic materials, A II B VI (en) 0.5 (A = Zn and Cd and B = S, Se, and Te), have been shown to exhibit a number of unusual structurally dependent properties that are not typically found in conventional inorganic and organic materials. However, it is puzzling that for a given inorganic component the hybrid crystal comes in different phases and often favors one over another. Using first-principles methods, we study the structural and electronic properties (e.g., stability and band gap) of the three observed phases: αI, αII, and β. The general chemical trends are revealed and are consistent with experimental observations. A kinetic growth model is proposed to explain the experimental observation of the phase selection for these hybrid materials.


Abstract The aim of the present series of papers is to develop a density current parameterization for global circulation models. This first paper is devoted to the presentation of this new wake parameterization coupled with Emanuel's convective scheme. The model represents a population of identical circular cold pools (the wakes) with vertical frontiers. The wakes are cooled by the precipitating downdrafts while the outside area is warmed by the subsidence induced by the saturated drafts. The budget equations for mass, energy, and water yield evolution equations for the prognostic variables (the vertical profiles of the temperature and humidity differences between the wakes and their exterior). They also provide additional terms for the equations of the mean variables. The driving terms of the wake equations are the differential heating and drying due to convective drafts. The action of the convection on the wakes is implemented by splitting the convective tendency and attributing the effect of the precip...


Dissolved calcium ion (Ca2+) is one of the eleven major ions in the ocean. Unlike the conservative ones, such as sodium ion (Na+) and potassium ion (K+), Ca2+ has small but systematic variations in the ocean, likely related to the formation and dissolution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles. High precision measurements of Ca2+ can thus provide insights of CaCO3 cycling and fluxes. Moreover, due to the fact that CaCO3 precipitation and/or dissolution also affect the carbonate system, we can potentially link the Ca2+ variation to discuss the oceanic sink of atmospheric CO2. This paper attempts to summarize the reported excess Ca and other non-conservative calcium behaviors and to discuss their controlling processes and impacts on the seawater composition and the carbonate system. The potential changes and the role of Ca2+ in the context of ocean acidification are also touched upon.


Quality of life at work can be understood with a configuration of the human condition in organizational environment, which includes aspects of physical, mental and social welfare. The very meaning of work, power relations, physical environment and ethical implications bind themselves to support this approach. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the determinant factors of work life quality of the ambulatory servers at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. In order to seek servers' perceptions on the issue, data from sixty-one participants were collected. Developed from theoretical reference studied, a questionnaire with one open-ended and twenty-four closed questions was used to survey the ambulatory servers. The positive points were: respect the opinions, talk the true, to do questions, and actualizing of technical knowledge. The negative points were: lack of communication, quality and quantity of equipments, and a lot of


The significance of the preventive maintenance is increasing in every area of the life, for example education and production industry. When we are using a rotating machine or a mechanical structure there are many forces and torques which load it, and create mechanical vibrations. This paper presents a very useful method of the preventive maintenance vibration diagnostic with test of moving-animation. We can see and understand the moving of the machines and the mechanical structures by the moving-animation software and a vibration analyzer instrument when they vibrate. The result of this method helps to make faster and more correct diagnosis of the damage. This article shows the basic knowledge of the vibration diagnostic with animation program, and two case studies from my practice. The case studies show the moving of the machines in case of mechanical problems. Through the case studies we can see two significant applications. The first one is an example of three unbalanced discs on a test bench, and the second one is a special unbalance problem of a rotating machine in the industry.


The construction sector consumes significant quantities of energy and contributes substantially to greenhouse gas emissions. It is imperative that the sector considers a renewable component to its energy procurement. The sector has adopted various policy instruments such as impact assessment and green procurement for improving its environmental performance. Green procurement involves the procurement of services, products and also energy that meet environmental requirements. This paper focused primarily on the conceptualisation of the inter-link between impact assessment and green procurement. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with three fundamental categories of stakeholders that involved client, contractor and energy company. Although the interview responses showed varied perspectives on the inter-link, most of the interviewees acknowledged its need and suggested certain approaches towards establishing the inter-link. The highlighted approach was to consider the use of commercially available environmental certification tools and focus on areas such as partnerships. Future research should examine how environmental certification tools could facilitate the inter-link and how partnerships need to be arranged therein.