Heart failure (HF) is a malignant condition with many presentations. The type of HF directs appropriate therapeutic management. Primary care is increasingly seen as a solution to improving the variation in outcomes seen in national HF audits. This article describes and summarises existing UK primary care HF services and emerging issues of importance, focusing on the identification of suitable patients. The authors suggest approaches to address these issues, and describe why ensuring the accuracy and completeness of disease registers is an essential first step. The authors propose that the systematic review of all HF patients in primary care, augmented with a few simple annual checks, could have a major long-term positive impact on outcomes. As the NHS struggles to cope with the increasing prevalence and burden of HF, the evidence base suggests that nurses and pharmacists may have a key role to play in delivering this process.


*Business Process Re-Engineering. *What is Business Re-Engineering? *The Imperative to Redesign Business Processes. *Basics. *Product and Service Delivery Processes. *Organising People: New Organisational Blueprints. *Exploiting Information Technology. *Making it Happen. *Redesigning Processes. *Realising the Benefits: Managing Change. *Succeeding at BPR. *Epilogue.


This paper discusses the predictions made by self-efficacy theory concerning depression, as well as the relationship between self-efficacy theory and two other cognitive models of depression—the revised learned helplessness theory and Beck's cognitive theory. Research on self-efficacy theory and depression is reviewed. The basic conclusion of the paper is that self-efficacy theory is compatible with and can be usefully integrated into the other cognitive theories of depression.


Abstract Planning in Sweden is intimately connected with the welfare state, whose ethos and methods are in crisis. The aim of this article is a) to bring in and accommodate new postmodern theories to the planning context in Sweden and b) to examine how the planning profession in Sweden in line with these theories can adapt to the radical societal and theoretical changes of the last decades. It is argued that the current planning role needs to be complemented with a new "proactive" kind of planning, ensuring that the voices and needs of vulnerable groups are heard.


Objectives: CSB Plus, a dietary supplement that contains a mixture of macronutrients and micronutrients, is frequently used to assist nutritionally-vulnerable women and children. Little is known about the effectiveness of CSB Plus in pregnancy. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of CSB Plus on maternal weight gain, anemia, and birth size. Methods: Villages (n=75) were randomized to an intervention or comparison arm. Pregnant women (n=547) were recruited during the first 12 weeks of gestation. Supplementation began at enrollment and continued until delivery. The daily ration provided approximately 800kcal. Women in the comparison group did not receive a dietary supplement. Weight and hemoglobin were measured for all women throughout pregnancy and birth anthropometrics were measured within 72 hours of birth. Results: Women receiving CSB Plus had a 16% lower anemia prevalence (p=.001) at 36-38 weeks compared to the comparison group. Further, there was a 5.0% lower rate of preterm birth (p=.006) in the CSB Plus group. Low birth weight was 4.5% lower in the CSB Plus group (6.2 vs. 10.7), but this was not statistically significant. Mean birth weight was similar between the groups (3000 g). There were no significant differences in mean maternal weight gain, birth length, or head Conference Abstract Janmohamed et al.; EJNFS, 5(5): 991-992, 2015; Article no.EJNFS.2015.393 992 circumference between the groups. Conclusions: CSB Plus reduced the rate of anemia, lowered the preterm birth rate, and showed a trend toward reducing low birth weight. CSB Plus did not have effects on other maternal and birth outcomes. © 2015 Janmohamed et al.; This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


The ZigBee technology is a new wireless communication technology with the characters of low consumption,low complexity,low cost and so on.In this paper,a temperature and humidity monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network is designed for the special environmental requirements of the SMT workshop.The CC2530 RF chip is the core of the network hardware platform.The software process is designed on ZigBee2007 protocol stack.A serial of tests have proved that the system can work with flexibility and high controling accuracy,temperature and humidity intelligent plant,unified management has important practical significance.


Small game development companies don't nessecarily have strict prodecures or methods when it comes to testing their product. This was the case with the Oulu based game company Meizi Games, who felt the need to conduct a testing activity for their still developed game, Casters of Kalderon. Casters of Kalderon was tested through conducting usability testing in order to find out the issues it currently has. These issues would be communicated to the developers by conducting the testing with potential customers eg. People who play mobile games. The testing activities were observed and feedback was gathered, and the results were delivered to and discussed with the developers of the game. As Casters of Kalderon is a relatively complex strategy game, the biggest usability issue it has is the lacking in introducing the game's many mechanics to new players. The game currently has a tutorial mechanism that aims to help the player get familiar with the game, but it is currently poorly implemented, as the test results show. This would often cause confusion and frustration in the testers, who had no previous experience with the game. There were also some usability related issues that came in the way of the players being able to enjoy the game. Game developers need to pay close attention to the designing of tutorials for complex games, like this case. Meizi Games found the usability testing activities to be a feasible way to find out the flaws and issues in their game, and promised to work on the found issues to improve the game in the future.


Reducing consumption of cement in concrete will achieve huge benefits in decline of carbon emission, conservation of natural resources and reduction of the cost of concrete. In this paper, the low-cement-consumption concrete, preplaced aggregate concrete (PAC), is prepared and 12 types of mixtures including four water–binder ratios (W/B) and three sand–binder ratios (S/B) are designed to detect the effect of W/B and S/B on the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of PAC. Experimental and analytic results indicate that the cubic compressive strength of PAC, splitting tensile strength of PAC and elastic modulus of PAC decrease with increase in W/B and S/B. At a similar compressive strength, more than 20% increment of elastic modulus of PAC is achieved when compared with normal concrete (NC); the descent stage of stress–strain curves of PAC are steeper than that of NC and the peak strains of PAC is lower than that of NC. Guo's model with suitable values of parameters a and b can be used to describe the stress–strain relationship of PAC. Replacing NC by PAC in concrete structures will save 15–20% cement and achieve great environmental and economic benefits.


In remote sensing applications, finding matching images across huge datasets is difficult due to the scarcity of annotated images. The high spatio-spectral resolution and high-dimensional sparse nature make the remote sensing images difficult to utilize in particular applications. Hence, competent retrieval methods are to be designed with efficient classification strategies that solve multiclass problems. This work incorporates developing a new hybrid hierarchical sparse kernel classification (HHSKC) method using relevance vector machine (RVM) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The feature extraction is attained through a relational autoencoder (RAE) with proper dimensionality reduction. The excellent competing qualities of the hybrid classifiers and the deep feature representations improve the overall potential of the RAE-HHSKC framework. The proposed RAE-HHSKC is validated on two benchmark RS image datasets: the UC Merced (UCMD) dataset and the RS-19 dataset. The RAE-HHSKC framework obtained state-of-the-art results using both sparse kernel learning machines (SKLM) and deep features.


The paper provides a review of A.M. Mathai's applications of the theory of special functions, particularly generalized hypergeometric functions, to problems in stellar physics and formation of structure in the Universe and to questions related to reaction, diffusion, and reaction-diffusion models. The essay also highlights Mathai's recent work on entropic, distributional, and dif- ferential pathways to basic concepts in statistical mechanics, making use of his earlier research results in information and statistical distribution theory. The results presented in the essay cover a period of time in Mathais research from 1982 to 2008 and are all related to the thematic area of the gravitationally sta- bilized solar fusion reactor and fractional reaction-diffusion, taking into account concepts of non-extensive statistical mechanics. The time period referred to above coincides also with Mathai's exceptional contributions to the establish- ment and operation of the Centre for Mathematical Sciences, India, as well as the holding of the United Nations (UN)/European Space Agency (ESA)/National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States/ Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Workshops on basic space science and the International Heliophysical Year 2007, around the world. Professor Mathai's contributions to the latter, since 1991, are a testimony for his social conscience applied to international scientific activity.


Coal mine belt fire develops very rapidly and is difficult to control. If not suppressed quickly, a belt fire could easily lead to airflow disorder and undermine the ventilation system. However, belt fire can be prevented effectively by establishing fire airflow control system. In this work, the 5th belt roadway of Kongzhuang coal mine was taken as the object of investigation, where geometrical models of this roadway were established firstly. Then, based on mathematical model of fire smoke flow, the CO volume fraction, smoke density distribution, air temperature and pollutant velocity vector in the roadway before and after taking airflow control measures were simulated by using Fluent software. It can be known from the simulation that with the normal ventilation status in 5th belt roadway, the countercurrent of smoke does not happen when a fire occurs; the roadway's section is almost filled with CO at 10 m downstream from the fire source, and with air velocity getting stable gradually, the CO concentration reaches about 15 %. After taking airflow control measures, the effect range of temperature field which are harmful to the miners decreases from 69 m to 30 m; and the distance of the roadway fully filled with CO is 5 m farther than that before taking measures. Finally, according to the numerical simulation results and the actual condition of the belt roadway, the warning and automatic remote airflow control system with short-circuit method for the 5th belt roadway was designed to guarantee the safety production.


In this study, the suitability of several mostly screw-based fasteners for connecting 5/8-inch- (15.87-mm-) thick furniture grade particleboard was assessed. Separate statistical tests were made for the effects of screw shank diameter, screw thread pitch, screw thread design, and fastener type (screw, screw + PVC anchor, or dowel) on edge screw withdrawal resistance (SWR), bending moment resistance of comer joints, and lateral edge load of butt-jointed shelf units. A thicker shank diameter (0.252 in) gave significantly improved edge SWR and bending moment resistance but thinner screws gave the highest edge load of shelf joints. A thread pitch of 9 threads per inch (tpi) gave the highest edge SWR, and screws with a fully threaded shank performed best in the lateral edge load tests. Beveled threads made little difference to performance compared with the same screw brand and type with plain threads. Opposing trends for edge SWR and lateral edge load of shelves with increasing screw shank diameter are interpreted in terms of fracture mechanics and contrasting load distribution patterns on the substrate surrounding the fastener. Combining screws with a large expandable PVC anchor or replacing with an unglued dowel connector reduced the fastener performance in all three tests.


Impact of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus from Rachiplusia ou (Guenee) (Ro M NPV) on Bonnetia comta (Fallen) developing within infected black cutworm (BCW), Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel), larvae was examined. The Ro M NPV had no evident detrimental effect on the tachinid maggots, except indirectly when the virus killed the hosts before the parasitoids were able to emerge. The Ro M NPV polyhedral inclusion bodies were found primarily in the gut lumens of B. comta maggots within infected BCW larvae. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to test the potential of B. comta in combination with the Ro M NPV to reduce BCW larvae on seedling corn. In the greenhouse, both the B. comta planidia alone and in combination with Ro M NPV on a bran bait significantly reduced the percentage of seedling corn cut by third-instar BCW; in the field, only the parasitoid and virus in combination resulted in significant reduction.


India is a country of multi-dimension whose economy is based on agriculture to support the 58.5 per cent people of the country and share the 17.14 per cent in the India's GDP (World Bank report, 2014-15). 68.31 per cent people of the country are the rural resident to earn their livelihood from agriculture. But with growing population and meager amount of money raise the problem of migration, the movement of people from one area to another in search of jobs and employment from rural to urban areas. The process of migration is dependent on the amount of the availability of the job opportunity to pull the people from the rural areas. Out migration is more pronounced in rural areas for the young people in search of jobs in urban areas or metropolitan cities of the country. The present study like out migration in Qila Ka Naglaa, Aligarh district is based on the primary survey conducted on the basis of simple random sampling where data are enumerated to show the socio-economic condition of migrants including pattern of migration, educational status of migrants, health condition of the migrants, economic status of the migrants and family size of the migrants etc. The inferences draw on the basis of data collected through the primary survey pertaining to the study to show the increasing number of migrants' day by day with the due cause of unemployment and poverty emerged by the unequal distribution of the land among the migrants.


This paper shows that the slowdown in productivity growth in the Canadian electronic and electrical product industry was mainly due to weaker productivity performance of the sub-industries, which can largely be traced to the decline in labour productivity growth of continuing plants.


Introduction: In management of vertebral compression fracture, several minimal invasive procedures have been introduced. Some of them are vertebral augmentation techniques such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Even though the cement leakage rates are significantly lower than vertebroplasty procedures, intracanal extravasation is also uncommon in kyphoplasty procedure.
Case Presentation: A 44-year-old male presented with back pain due to pathological vertebral compression fracture of thoracal 10 came to our institution to be treated with kyphoplasty. During the procedure, the cement leaked into the spinal canal due to disruption of the posterior wall of the vertebral body. As a consequence of the deterioration of the neurological status, an immediate exploration and decompression were performed after CT-Scan results were obtained to identify the location and size of the leak. After decompression, the recovery was significant. However, at the final follow up the neurologic recovery has yet to recover.
Discussion: Intracanal cement leakage has devastating neurological effects on both vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedure. Careful monitoring during the cement administration was paramount. As there are no current guidelines about the rate of administration and how to measure the volume of the cement needed, the insertion technique should be tailored according to the fracture morphology, the height restored, the viscosity of the cement, and the surgeon himself.
Conclusion: Intact posterior wall, the amount of cement, and the injection pressure are the main factors that may contribute to cement leakage during the kyphoplasty procedure. Careful evaluation of these factors must be done pre- and intra-operatively in order to prevent leakage.


In this study used of gaur gum and gum arabic in different amounts as independent variables were produced 13 different combinations, two variables, five levels. The purpose of this study was the effect of gaur gum and gum arabic on physical properties of chakli sample using response surface methodology. Multiple regression equations were obtained to describe the effects of each variable on product responses. From this study it was concluded that, optimum solution by numerical optimization for chakli content gaur gum content 1.45 g, gum arabic content 1.82 g and optimized condition for deep fat fried snacks chakli given best snacks product with positive results that increased in water solubility index and lateral expansion while negative effect on moisture content, shearing force and hygroscopicity.


The aim of study was to measure students' anxiety toward mathematics. We utilized a Munoz and Mato scale. Was surveyed 437 students face to face in the Instituto Tecnologico de Tierra Blanca, Veracruz, Mexico. The statistical procedure utilized was the Factorial analysis with extraction of components. Statistics test to prove: X2, Bartlett test of Sphericity, KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin), MSA (Measure sampling adequacy) and Significance level: p DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n15p483


Swedish conjunctions differ from subjunctions by being able to combine main clauses with each other. At the beginning of the literary period (13th century) Swedish had conjinctions meaning 'and', 'or', 'but', all of them with a Proto-Germanic origin. During the following centuries a few causal/explanatory and consecutive/conclusive conjunctioms were added: ty, for, so. In this article it s argued that these conjunctions were originally established as subjunctions which later became used also as conjunctions. The formal differentiation between conjunctions and subjunctions may be related to the rise of the particular syntactic structure of Swedish subordinate clauses in early modern time. It is interesting to note that the development unexpectedly occurred from hypotax to paratax, not the other way round. (Less)


Microwave resistivities of TmS, Tm 0.5 La 0.5 S, Tm 0.1 La 0.9 S, Tm 0.6 Y 0.4 S, Tm 0.2 Y 0.8 S, Tm 0.97 Gd 0.03 Te, Tm 0.6 Y 0.4 Te, and Tm 0.1 Y 0.9 Te have been measured at 9.2 GHz. Anomalous maximum resistivities have been observed for all the sulphide samples and they have been interpreted in terms of the Kondo sideband effects. No anomalies occur in the telluride samples.


Abstract Theory, preparation,and applications of microelectrodes and microelectrode arrays are critically reviewed, and future trends in the field are outlined. An operational definition of a microelectrode is also recommended.


System testing traditionally sits at the end of a development pipeline, relies heavily on agreed specifications and requirements to compare against an implementation, and requires a rigorous change control process. It could be argued that some agile software development practices (e.g. test driven development, high unit test coverage, continuous integration, etc) removes the need for employing a system test service. As Agile practices move into the mainstream, the system tester must adapt to thrive in this environment. This experience report will present personal findings from a system test perspective in undertaking the challenge of the authors' organisation migrating to Agile software development practices. The report describes some of the efforts employed to attenuate the pain of accepting changes and it delivers a conclusive answer to the question asked in the title. Changes to the system tester role that have proven useful within the author's organisation that may address some of the concerns in the test community are discussed. The experiences in transitioning to Agile practices will be detailed along with the key strategies applied and techniques used with examples given for each.


Although there are several reports demonstrating the use of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) for biological sample separation in miniaturized devices, they only used ATPS prepared in macro scale by following the conventional way. Formation of ATPS in a confined micro scale environment and their characteristics has not been studied yet. While ATPS formation in macro scale is supported by vigorous mixing and gravitational force to form two phases, both mixing capability and gravitational force aid are insignificant in micro scale. Hence, in this study, we investigated the formation of ATPS under these inferior conditions of micro scale. An electrowetting on a dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidic chip was used as the confined miniaturized environment. In an EWOD device, micro/nano scale droplets are manipulated on an array of electrodes by sequential application of voltages to the electrodes. The common polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX) polymer/polymer ATPS was used as the model system. Nanoliter volume droplets of the two pure polymer solutions were brought into contact, mixed, and successfully formed ATPS on an EWOD chip. Furthermore, it was possible to separate the two phases into two droplets, demonstrating the promising capability of on-chip biological sample separations effectively by integrating formation of ATPS and separation process using ATPS in a single chip. This study also compares the characteristics of ATPS generated in microfluidic chip with that generated in conventional macro scale. The effect of mixing performance on the ATPS formation is studied experimentally.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


Ni-5 at.%W (Ni5W) tapes with a strong cube texture were fabricated using the RABiTS technique and by starting from cylindrical shaped ingots. In contrast to a conventional cuboid-shaped ingot, a cylinder shaped ingot has no anisotropy along the axial direction and the resulting tape will therefore, during heavy cold rolling, be characterized by a lower concentration of stress along the edges of the ingot. It can reduce fabrication costs and increase process efficiency. The fraction of cube texture on the surface of the finally recrystallized tapes was investigated using the EBSD technique. It was observed that the fraction of cube texture within 10° from the ideal {001}〈100〉 orientation was ~98% and the fraction of LAGBs was ~90%. The as-obtained tapes have a strong cube texture also very close to the edge of the tape and they would therefore increase the fraction of applicable material while simplifying the heavy rolling process. Accordingly, it suggests that this fabrication method is a good choice to most small scale research laboratories for achieving long length Ni5W tapes for coated conductors with an easy way and a higher fraction of applicable material.


Abstract Examination of precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau is important to understanding the regional water cycle processes and the plateau-scale energy budget. Based on hourly precipitation data obtained during the GAME-Tibet intensive observation period at four sites, the spatial distribution of precipitation in summer 1998 within the Anduo area was examined. The results show that, between 1 July and 11 September 1998, the precipitation that occurred simultaneously (at the same hours) at the sites accounted for 6.9–15.3% of the total precipitation at each site during the study period. Even at the two observation sites that are only 20 km apart, the percentage of precipitation that occurred simultaneously was quite small. This indicates that precipitation occurred not only frequently but also very locally, except on several days with very strong monsoon precipitation. The limited observations highlight that the precipitation distribution is quite complex, and large-scale intensive precipitation observations are needed in the future to clarify the heterogeneity of precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau.


Schiff base condensation and C–C coupling between a biologically important heterocycle pyrido[1,2-a]indole (PI) and aggregation induced emission active tetraphenylethylene (TE) led to the formation of weakly fluorescent PITE1 and strongly fluorescent PITE2, respectively. The photophysical phenomenon was rationalized by crystal structure analysis; PITE2 was found to exhibit strong fluorescence in solution, nanoparticles and solid state.


Pimpla instigator energetic assimilation efficiency is higher when bred on Pieris brassicae diapausing pupae which are characterized by a lack of organized tissue and a higher glucids/proteins + lipids ratio. The male larvae do not use the heaviest hosts very well (C.U. relatively small) but the female larvae of P. instigator can assimilate more energy than the male.


Against some general views on basic problems of philosophy, this essay is to propose: the basic problem of philosophy is different from the problem of the origin of the world. The relations between thought and existence is the basic problem of philosophy while the relations between material and spirit is the problem of the origin of the world. Among the two aspects of the basic problem of philosophy, the second is the condition for the first. The relations between thought and existence mediate through the sensible things. The basic problems of philosophy include the problems of truth, goodness, and beauty, because the thought includes figurative thoughts and the existence includes the existence of subject itself. Every individuals live in a multi-dimensional world, in which the relations between thought and existence is the basic relationship. Agnosticism is not a denial of the basic problems of philosophy, but a suspension of them.


where p and q are odd, distinct primes. In fact, (1. 1) is a special case of a more general theorem due to Gauss [22]. In the latter half of the nineteenth Century, several papers were written on sums involving [je]. Some of these papers were stimulated by a collection of problems posed by Eisenstein [21] in this Journal. In particular, comprehensive articles were written by Stern [30], Zeller [32], and Hacks [24]. See the "Enzyklop die der Mathematischen Wissenschaften" [28] for further references.


The use of online translation (OT) is increasing as more pupils receive laptops from their schools. This study investigates OT use in two groups of Swedish pupils (ages 17-18) studying Spanish as an L3: one group (A) having free Internet access and the spelling and grammar checker of Microsoft Word, the other group (B) using printed dictionaries without Internet access. 112 Spanish essays were collected from the groups. Screencasts of 60 essay writings were recorded, and accompanied by a questionnaire and interviews to 13 pupils. The essays were analysed for morphological, syntactical and lexical accuracy. Significant differences between groups A and B were found for only a few error categories. Group B made a higher percentage of errors all-in-all, committed more mistakes regarding noun/adjective and noun/article agreement, whereas group A made more mistakes concerning verb mood, personal pronouns, and conjunctions. Many errors in group B can be explained by the fact that the pupils had no access to automatic corrective suggestions or automatic translation, as did group A. Flaws in OT can account for pronoun and syntactic errors in group A essays. The differences in correct use of verb mood and conjunctions are more difficult to explain and deserve further investigation.


This paper is about experiences with user-centered design (UCD) and agile requirements engineering (RE) in fixed-price projects. Efficiently incorporating usability and UCD into RE remains a challenge. In this paper we describe our experience with the introduction of a team role called `On-site User Experience Consultant' which supports integrating UCD activities tightly in agile RE. We name UCD activities and how they fit in our industrial projects. Also, we describe how old habits in communication and interaction have to change to establish UCD within the project team and with the clients.


The hydrological forecasting system of the Slovenian Environment Agency has been in operation since 2012. It enables detailed insight into the current hydrological state of rivers and provides river discharge and water level forecasts for chosen forecasting points up to six days in advance. As a rule, the system forecasts are updated every hour for a series of model setups that cover different modeling domains with various meteorological forecasts sources for the hydrological model and types of the hydrodynamic model. Beside a detailed description of the hydrological forecasting system design and operation, the article also demonstrates the results of a short forecasting performance analysis. The analysis has shown very good agreement between the measured and forecasted river discharges. The simulation results for bigger river catchments or catchments with a slower hydrological response are relatively reliable up to 36 hours before the occurrence of the hydrological event. This time interval drops to 18 hours for small river catchments and down to 6 hours only for the smallest or the torrential river catchments. The positive effect of the measured 1 Stik / Correspondence: firstname.lastname@example.com © Petan S. et al.; Vsebina tega članka se sme uporabljati v skladu s pogoji licence Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva – Nekomercialno – Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0. © Petan S. et al.; This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – Share Alike 4.0 Licence.


The freeandmembrane-bound ribosomes ofhepatic cells were isolated andusedtoprogram protein synthesis incell-free extracts. Immuno- electrophoretic andradioautographic analysis oftheproducts showed thatthe membrane-bound ribosomes synthesized serumproteins, whereas ribosomes free ofendoplasmic reticulum synthesized specific nonserum liver proteins. After synthesis, theserumproteins remained associated withmembrane vesicles, whereas theother liver proteins werefound free ofcytoplasmic organelles. Theribosomes ofsecretory cells arefoundassociated withtheendoplasmic reticulum ortheycanbeisolated apparently freeofthesemembranes.'-' In1960, Siekevitz andPalade4 observed thatmostofthenewly synthesized pancreatic a-chymotrypsinogen appeared associated withribosomes attached to membranes. Theysuggested thatmembrane-bound ribosomes areengaged in thesynthesis ofexportable proteins, whereas free ribosomes synthesize primarily nonexportable proteins. Similarly, serumalbumin labeled inhepatic cells is found attached tomembrane-bound ribosomes.-1-1 Workfromthis andother laboratories 9-11 hasestablished thatserumpro- teins canbesynthesized inratormouseliver cell-free extracts andthatthenewly finished serumproteins remain associated withthemicrosomal vesicles. Other labeled proteins appear free ofthese organelles, however, andwehavereported'2 thatthose specifically detected arealmost exclusively nonserumproteins. In this communication weshowthat, incell-free extracts, serumproteins aremade onribosomes attached tomembranes andthatseveral nonserumproteins are synthesized onfree ribosomes. Theseresults conclusively demonstrate afunc- tional distinction between these twoclasses ofribosomes previously suggested fromexperiments inViVo.4 Materials andMethods. -Isolation offree andbound ribosomes: Ratlivers werehomoge- nized aspreviously described' in0.25 M sucrose inTKM buffer (0.01 M MgCl2, 0.025 M KCl,0.01M Tris(HCl) pH7.8). Homogenates werecentrifuged 10minat30,000 g, and4 mloftheresulting supernatant fraction werelayered ondiscontinuous sucrose density gradients"' containing 3mlof2M sucrose inTKM buffer and3mlof0.5M sucrose inTKM buffer. These werecentrifuged for7hrat150,000 g.Freeribosomes wererecovered inthepellet, andboundribosomes remained onthe2M sucrose shelf. Electron micrographic examination offreeribosomes, acourtesy ofDavidSabatini, revealed asmall contamination offree ribosomes byrough membranes. Phospholipid could notbedetected infreeribosomes, however, anindication ofless than10%con- tamination byboundribosomes. Theextent ofcontamination oftheboundribosome preparation withfree ribosomes wasnotassessed. Incubation mixtures: Incubation mixtures forcell-free protein synthesis contained 27 mM Tris(HCl) buffer, pH7.8, 0.5mM GTP,8mM GSH,2mM ATP,8mM PEP,6


The authors seek to understand the relationship between the outcomes of traditional Security Education Training & Awareness (SETA) programs, which have been popular in Information Systems (IS) as a mechanism to protect users from cybercrime. The issue is that most SETA programs in IS change at the pace much slower than the pace of cybercriminal tactics. Therefore, the authors propose viewing SETA outcomes through the lens of the psychological concept of resiliency. This paper proposes a model that extends reputable resiliency theories and models to the field of IS Security.


Abstract Camellia renshanxiangiae is a vulnerable species distributed in China with unique hairy anthers and faint scent. Here, we report the characterization of its complete chloroplast (cp) genome using Illumina pair-end sequencing data. The total chloroplast genome size was 156,665 bp, including two inverted repeats (IRs) of 26,071 bp each, separated by a large single copy (LSC) and a small single copy (SSC) of 86,277 bp and 18,246 bp, respectively. A total of 131 genes, including 36 tRNA, 8 rRNA, and 87 protein-coding genes, were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that C. renshanxiangiae clustered with Camelia species (C. sinensis, C. crapnelliana).


A super-compact SF/sub 6/ gas insulated neutral grounding resistor (NGR) is presented that uses recently developed high-power resistors made of a novel ceramic material. The microstructure, voltage-current characteristics, and current-carrying characteristics of the resistor element are examined. The composition and features of the NGR are discussed. >


Veronica Burton and I were the first nurses to come out in the nursing and general media and discuss our experiences of stress-related issues (news August 6, letters July 16).


The aim of this paper is to examine the identity of foreign language (FL) pre-service teachers in two distinct contexts: Brazil and Chile. A multiple case study methodology was used to investigate how foreign language pre-service teachers develop and conceptualize their teacher identity in three different teacher education programs—two in Brazil and one in Chile. The analysis focused on three main issues: emerging identities, the role of foreign language proficiency, and the practicum as a mediating space to develop teacher identity. Results of the two case studies situated in Brazil suggest that FL pre-service teacher identity is shaped by their beliefs on language proficiency. The case study in Chile confirmed that pre-service teachers' identity oscillates between identifying as students and as teachers. Overall, results of the study suggest that FL teacher identity is shaped by notions of legitimization of the teacher's role and language proficiency.


Fifty years after his death, C. Wright Mills's efforts to deconstruct unacknowledged power structures in the United States and his comprehensive critique of academia remain absent from the general curriculum. This is partly because Mills never pretended academic work wasn't personal; his texts pay witness to the struggles of a man who used the written word to come to terms with himself. Mills aimed to grasp it all, to make individual troubles accessible by redefining them into social issues; he failed as much as he succeeded. I make Mills a comrade on my own intellectual journey and argue that rereading Mills allows young critical scholars to rethink current social theory and their own place within it. I show how, with a critical mind nourished rather than suppressed, rereading Mills can make you realize that you are not a crazy person.


This paper introduces the concept of country brand for a more accurate understanding of the competitive advantage a country could rely on in the quest of obtaining a favorable positioning. Intensifying global competition leads to a higher value for the country involved, also sustaining the competitiveness between companies, based on both the company and the country's strengths. The legislative framework, infrastructure, natural resources, the educational system and the geographical location of the country are key determinants of national resources that may enhance a company's performance. Seen as an intangible asset, a brand plays an essential role in consumers' decision-making process, given the fact that people tend to choose products and services they trust. The same occurs to country brands, in order to sustain a national product, a country should clearly establish its competitive advantage based on the element that can outstand and gain a place in consumers' minds. Romania remains a country of traditions, a mix of extremes that could be exploited in order to maintain the strengths and improve the weaknesses, based on a long-term strategic approach. Through an exploratory research, based on investigation of secondary information as a data collection method, the research focuses on discussing Romania's strategies in terms of creating a unique competitive advantage on which the country's brand can rely on.


Making power system as a research background, this paper introduces th e concept and the structure of data warehouse, and provides a series of design i deas and methods for constructing data warehouse in power system. It also provid es useful methods for the fully complication of DSS in power system.


A convenient, rapid, and environmentally benign protocol is described for the preparation of fully substituted pyridine derivatives via four-component reactions between 2-substituted acetophenones, aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and ammonium acetate under microwave irradiation with good yield and without solvent.


Researchers look for new source of fuel alternating to the petrol and diesel, petrol and diesel are very expensive in the world, alternating fuel must be renewable, locally available and environmentally benign. From the alternative source, the significance of biodiesel fuel as technically and commercially viable alternative to petrol and diesel fuel. Depending on the availability of the different stocks biodiesel is made. Due to water emulsified in biodiesel fuel there is increase in ignition probability. This paper contains literature survey which provides reduction in NOx and carbon dioxide using emulsified biodiesel instead of petrol fuel. By adding additives in emulsified biodiesel performance of engine should be increases. Keywords— Additives,emulsified biodiesel.


In this paper, we solve the distributed parameter fixed point smoothing problem by formulating it as an extended linear filtering problem and show that these results coincide with those obtained in the literature using the forward innovations method.


The importance of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in high temperature water systems is highlighted in the last five decades of operating experience, exemplified by concerns for reliability and safety associated with innumerable incidents of SCC in structural materials. SCC has undoubtedly occurred for centuries, and it developed into a major problem during the industrial revolution, most notably with the proliferation of steam boilers. To address this, boiler and pressure vessel codes were created with a focus on mechanical issues, with highly quantitative guidance on fatigue and overload. By contrast, limited progress has been made on SCC, which is often viewed as mysterious and complex, and the codes address it primarily by insisting that the design ensure SCC won't occur. This has fostered the concept of SCC immunity, although the supporting evidence has been obtained in relatively simplistic and/or short term testing. Detailed studies and long term plant operation reveal that immunity to SCC growth does not exist for most and probably all structural materials. This paper summarizes the key developments that have led to a more sophisticated understanding of SCC, identifies some of its dependencies and interdependencies, and provides examples where SCC has been quantified and predicted.


The study of celestial objects through radio astronomy has enhanced our understanding of a gamut of astronomical phenomena that are often invisible or faintly observable in other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A number of new sources of radio emission have been identified that include radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, masers etc. Radio astronomy uses either single telescope or a number of telescopes that are linked together and utilizes the techniques of radio interferometry. Typically, the signals encountered in radio astronomy have very low signal-noise ratio, and hence radio telescopes usually tend to be very sensitive and large. As a result, they also have high angular resolution. The mechanical constraints of building even larger telescopes led to the use of radio interferometer to achieve higher resolution that can be achieved through a single telescope. Radio astronomy receivers use cryogenically cooled low-noise amplifiers and low-loss components in the RF path. High gain, low spillover, low crosspolarization, low far-out sidelobes, etc. are important features of a radio telescope.


This paper by Hu et al. reports the abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in air samples collected at a costal site in Japan in spring during dust and nondust episodes. The interest for bioaerosols (bacteria, fungi, yeasts, pollens, viruses...) is rather recent but growing every day, particularly because bioaerosols might have impacts on atmospheric processes (precipitation, chemistry, climate) and also on air quality (Human health, agriculture, environment). In this context, the paper presented here is quite important and interesting. Very few studies were conducted in the literature to measure the relative abundance of the bacteria attached or not to particles. In addition, the assessment of the viability of these bacteria is crucial to determine their potential impact. I am supportive of publishing this work in Biogeoscience after the following questions are addressed. General comments on Figures and Tables


A passive sampler was tested for the purpose of collecting ground water bacteria under natural gradient conditions. Samples were collected within a series of dual‐port dialysis cells (originally containing sterile water) mounted within a length of polyvinyl chloride pipe that was suspended within the center of the screened interval of a monitoring well. Previous passive sampling devices, the design of which the present study was based on, have been employed in evaluating in situ bacterial activity (primarily contaminant degradation ability) and the collection of colloids; however, the characterization of the collected bacterial fraction has yet to be demonstrated. Concern for the performance of this collection device, particularly with respect to sampling of the biological population, is addressed through laboratory and field experiments. These experiments demonstrated (1) the ability to maintain a dynamic equilibrium with respect to bacterial concentrations within and outside of the dialysis cells; (2) unbiased sampling related to bacterial communities as determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis; (3) uniform collection by dialysis cells throughout the length of the sampler; and (4) acquisition of a representative sample, although a minimum suspension time could not be determined with available data. These results have provided a level of confidence in the ability of the passive sampler to collect ground water samples for the purpose of bacterial characterization.


Lengthening the grazing season on our native ranges is an important factor in getting the maximum feed production and utilization. While introduced grasses such as crested wheatgrass and Russian wildrye (Elymus junceus) have been very instrumental in lengthening the time animals can remain on grass, many ranch operations do not have or cannot afford the land to seed these "tame grasses." Goetz (6) in southwest North Dakota found that the application of 67 and 100 lb N per acre maintained the protein level of blue grama at or near the 10% level until September. On a Manning silt loam site, the 100 lb N per acre treatment showed an increase of 1.5 months of forage above 10% protein when compared to the check plots. Fertilization of native range has shown the ability to hasten the "turn out" date in the spring. Lorenz and Rogler (11) found that the yield of native range receiving 40 lb N per acre averaged 100 lb per acre on May 15, while range receiving fertilizer did not reach this level until June 1. Southeast Alberta ranges fertilized with medium to high rates of nitrogen and nitrogen plus phosphorus became green 7 to 10 days earlier in the spring and remained green longer in the fall. (Johnson et al. 8). Species Composition Much of the increase in production and earlier range readiness found in the studies mentioned above can be attributed to


This paper shows that fixed wages are not the optimal solution for a labour contract when the worker's outside option is a function of a factor that can vary. The worker's contract will include a bonus that will also be a function of the same factor that modifies its outside option, even though this factor does not depend on his effort and the agent is risk-averse. This result contrasts with the classical theory according to which one should only allocate risk to the employee when such contract is necessary to provide incentives for greater effort from the agent. Another conclusion of this paper is that there is a limit to the risk the employee assumes in the optimal contract, i.e., the value of the bonus is an increasing function of the difference of the values of the worker's outside options between the possible scenarios only until a certain point, after which the size of the bonus is fixed.


Multidrug resistance (MDR) associated with overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance protein (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is an obstacle to the successful treatment of AML. Apo2L/TRAIL binds to the extracellular death receptors DR4 and DR5 and induces tumor-specific apoptosis in diverse malignancies. Given that Apo2L/TRAIL induces apoptosis via signal transduction pathways, it has the potential to be effective in cells with MDR mediated by ABC proteins. Cell lines with MDR mediated by ABC proteins and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells from 10 patients (6 untreated, 4 relapsed/refractory) were tested for expression of the Apo2L/TRAIL receptors DR4 and DR5 and decoy receptors DcR1 and DcR2 by flow cytometry and for cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of Apo2L/TRAIL (Genentech, Inc.). Parental HL60 and 8226 cells and resistant HL60/VCR (Pgp) and HL60/Adr (MRP-1) cells demonstrated expression of DR4 and DR5 and lack of expression of DcR1 and DcR2, while 8226/MR20 (BCRP) had only low-level expression of DR5. Parental HL60 and 8226 cells displayed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in response to Apo2L/TRAIL. HL60/VCR and HL60/Adr were 3- and 5-fold more resistant to Apo2L/TRAIL than parental HL60 cells, but were not sensitized by the Pgp- and MRP-1-specific modulators PSC-833 and MK571, demonstrating that resistance was not mediated by Pgp and MRP-1. 8226/MR20 (BCRP) cells were not resistant to Apo2L/TRAIL in relation to parental 8226 cells. Of note, cyclosporine A (CsA) sensitized all parental and multidrug resistant cells to Apo2L/TRAIL, lowering IC50's 2- to 5-fold, likely by a pro-apoptotic mechanism independent of MDR modulation. AML blasts did not express Apo2L/TRAIL receptors, with the exception of DR5 in two samples, both DR5 and DcR1 in one and DcR1 alone in a fourth. Moreover, AML blasts showed minimal or no apoptosis following 24- and 48-hour in vitro exposure to Apo2L/TRAIL in concentrations up to 1 ug/ml, 30-fold higher than the highest cytotoxic concentration in cell lines, and no enhancement of apoptosis by CsA. In conclusion, MDR mediated by ABC proteins does not appear to be associated with Apo2L/TRAIL resistance in cell line models, but AML cells are resistant to Apo2L/TRAIL, and this resistance is associated at least in part with lack of receptor expression. Strategies for upregulating Apo2L/TRAIL receptor expression on AML cells warrant further study.


An interesting application of wireless MANETs that is emerging with a high potential for research and development is the inter-vehicle communication where nodes collect and distribute traffic information while moving in urban areas. Broadcasting is a key component to vehicular communication with the aim of high coverage and low medium consumption. Existing broadcasting schemes, however, result in redundancy and medium contention. In this paper a broadcasting scheme with intelligent neighbourhood sensing is produced and tested in two Vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET) contexts. Simulation results show that our scheme reduces the amount of unneeded transmissions through the medium even under high density with high traffic loads while maintaining comparable network coverage.


With new technologies in the area of assistance and automation on the market, the dream of driving in automated vehicles becomes reality. While certain research areas predict fully autonomous vehicles in the near future, a more feasible composition still has a driver, at least as a back-up solution, operating the vehicle in certain situations with certain degrees of control, cooperating with the automation. In such complex highly automated human machine systems it is necessary to elucidate responsibilities of automation and human and assert controllability. To do so, a usable interaction design is required to support drivers in their driving tasks while maintaining the necessary controllability. This paper presents the concept of interaction patterns to improve usability and controllability when switching between different modes of automation. An interaction pattern implements image schemas to create intuitive interaction between a human and a computer. A study with highly automated truck convoys was carried out and the usability and controllability when switching between modes was evaluated.


A Lewis acid-base adduct of tert-butylamine and borane was prepared and characterized over the course of two laboratory sessions. An intermediate was prepared during the first week and the adduct was prepared the second week. The intermediate and product were characterized by melting point and IR spectroscopy. Both were afforded in good yield and purity, as evidenced by melting point analysis. The infrared spectra of both compounds show characteristic peaks which are compared and contrasted.


The transplant coordinator scheduled a meeting that included numerous members of the multidisciplinary team, among them the transplant surgeon, a social worker, a psychologist, and an ethics consultant. The ethics consultant outlined the ethical issues and made a recommendation. The consultant argued that the question whether the patient should again be listed as a transplant candidate really came down to the kind of environment that could be provided during aftercare. That is, if a rather structured living environment—one more structured and supportive than the previous independent living facility—could be found for the patient, then retransplantation might be warranted. But without such an environment, the patient would again probably fail to adhere to the medical and psychological treatment regimen necessary for a successful life as a transplant recipient. The psychologist, who had been working closely with the ethics consultant, concurred in this opinion.


We describe a primality test for number M=(2p) 2 n + 1 with odd prime p and positive integer n. And we also give the special primality criteria for all odd primes p not exceeding 19. All these primality tests run in polynomial time in log2(M). A certain special 2p-th reciprocity law is used to deduce our result.


Based on the retrospective study on the construction and development practice of the affiliated hospitals of Third Military Medical University,the following suggestions were put forward: Liberate people's thinkings guided by the development of science view,deepen the reform to tackle the developmental problems,solidify the foundation of development by achieving precedence in technology,improve the developmental efficiency by innovating managerial phase and strive to ensure triumph.


For many, the late 1960s/early 1970s meant a country in turmoil. Sit-ins. Vietnam War protests. Don't trust anyone over 30. Nixon was 'not a crook' - or so he claimed. At the other end of the spectrum was the intense rivalry between Woody Hayes, the legendary Ohio State football coach, and his nemesis, Bo Schembechler from Michigan. To them, the American heartland was still 'pure and sacred', and they were totally in command of their troops. Hayes idolized General Patton, the great war hero. Schembechler idolized President Ford, a former All-American football player. Rosenberg sets the stage brilliantly for this coming clash of cultural differences, as Hayes and Schembechler try desperately to win a national football championship while coping with a shifting political landscape. It all leads to a climatic, and in part tragic, downfall of an important era gone by.


Objective To evaluate the marginal fit of Debel SLM PFM crown comparing with the conventional fabrication crown by measuring marginal gaps of two kinds of Co-Cr alloy PFM crowns and two types finished line(chamfer and shoulder). Methods Thirty extracted maxillary premolars were randomly divided into three groups(A group, B group, C group, n=10 each). Teeth were prepared according to the requirements of PFM crown. Teeth in group A and B received a chamfer finish line preparation, whereas teeth in Group C received a shoulder finish line. Teeth of A group were restored with conventional Co-Cr alloy PFM crowns. B group and C were restored with Debel SLM PFM crowns. Then, PFM crowns of three groups were attached to their teeth respectively with zinc polycarboxylate cement.Specimens were sectioned in half along the mid long-axis and in the buccopalatal direction after they were embedded in epoxy resin. The marginal gaps were measured by using metallurgical microscope and electron microscope at the buccal and palatal edge of each section. Results The horizontal marginal gap, vertical marginal gap and absolute marginal gap in Group A were 79.61±11.45μm, 94.90±7.09μm and 114.94±8.60μm respectively. In Group B they were 67.76±9.20μm,82.54 ±9.92μm and 105.35 ±9.84μm. In Group C they were 72.72 ±9.03μm, 88.11 ±9.53μm and 102.48 ±9.15μm.Horizontal marginal gap, vertical marginal gap and absolute marginal gap of Debel SLM PFM crowns in Group B was significantly smaller than that of traditional Co-Cr alloy PFM in Group A(P0.05); The difference was significant(P0.05). There was no significant difference between Group B and Group C in horizontal marginal gap, vertical marginal gap and absolute marginal gap(P0.05). Conclusion Horizontal gaps, vertical gaps and absolute gaps of three groups were in suitable range. The marginal fit of Debel SLM PFM crown was better than that of conventional Co-Cr alloy PFM crown;There was no significant difference between shoulder and chamfer preparation designs in the marginal fit of Debel SLM PFM.


Objective To explore the influences of Olanzapine on cognitive function of first-episode schizophrenics.Methods Toally 60 first-episode schizophrenics were studied with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) before and after 12 weeks being treated with Olanzapine.Results The study showed that patients did better after treatment than before on the total trials,persistent errors and random errors(P0.05) .It was also found that the reduction of positive symptoms score of Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale(PANSS) had significantly positive correlation with the change of the total trials,persistent errors,random errors of WCST and had significantly negative correlation with the correct of WCST(P0.05) ,we also found that the change of scores of negative scale of PANSS had no significant relationship with the change of each index of WCST.Conclusions The study shows that cognitive function of patients is also improved when the schizophrenic symptoms are cured with Olanzapine,the change of the positive symptoms has more correlation with the improvement of cognitive function and the change of negnative symptoms have not significant correlation with the improvement of cognitive function.


In Burkina Faso, a na!onal policy for social protec!on was adopted in September 2012. A year later, an ac!on plan was developed which included the need to improve social transfer mechanisms for the poorest and most vulnerable people in the country to ensure food security for all. In order to inform these policy discussions and decisions, a2er implemen!ng a needs assessment and a nutri!on causal analysis (1). Ac!on Against Hunger decided to implement a cash transfer program and to determine its poten!al effects to prevent acute malnutri!on in young children in rural areas of the country. The name of the study was MAM'Out, standing for moderate acute malnutri!on ''Out''. The MAM'Out program refers to the evalua!on of mul!annual seasonal uncondi!onal cash transfers to prevent acute malnutri!on in young children.


The synthesis of the highly important diyne building blocks is achieved via Sonogashira coupling followed by decarboxylative homocoupling of the intermediate aryl-substituted propiolic acids.


At present, an increasing number of researchers and specialists in the construction industry come to the opinion that it is advisable to use a number of technologies (BIM, Smart City, Big Data, IOT and others) in the practice of construction (in the broad sense of this concept), which are united by the concept of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The result of the implementation of these technologies in the construction should be the transition to the widespread use of cyber-physical systems.
The problem of using information technologies in construction today is not due to the lack of this process as such, but to the lack of consistency and consistency in it. Fragmentary nature of the application, inconsistency of the applied technologies at different levels of management and at different stages of the life cycle of construction projects sharply reduce the potential positive effect of informatization and building automation. At the same time, the concept of cyber-physical systems, that is, the integration at the system level of physical processes and controls has proven effective in industrial production.
The approaches to ensuring the processes of designing cyber-physical building systems through the development and application of General mathematical models for the processes of data exchange and management are considered. The presented models of data exchange and management of cyber-physical building systems describe the processes implemented at each stage of the life cycle of cyber-physical building systems. Functional blocks of the considered models allow to describe the processes of data collection, storage and processing on the current and past stages of the life cycle of cyber-physical construction systems. The presented models are the elements of mathematical support of the processes of designing cyber-physical building systems, which determine the processes of information exchange and management between the structures of cyber-physical building systems of different levels of hierarchy in the full life cycle.


Purpose: This article aimed to identify the psychological, social, environmental and ethical benefits of investments.
Methodology: A total of 82 articles that were initially picked for this study, 30 articles were however selected and critically scrutinized to yield this review article.
Findings: The review findings reveal that investments can have a significant impact on investors' well-being and highlight the importance of considering these benefits in investment decision-making processes.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: One limitation of the existing studies is that they are often based on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias or social desirability effects. This research describes new paradigms to the additional benefits of investments, in addition to the famous monetary gains such as the psychological, social, environmental and ethical benefits. Understanding these trade-offs can help investors make more informed decisions about their investment strategies.


This volume is a joint publication of the Brecht Yearbook and the Berlin journal Theater der Zeit Arbeitsbuch in anticipation of the Brecht centenary in 1998. The large-format edition is richly illustrated and includes original contributions in English and German by writers Nadine Gordimer, Gunther Grass, Elfriede Jelinek, Volker Braun, Gerhard Zwerenz, and Christoph Hein. In addition, there are interviews with or statements by international directors Augusto Boal, George Tabori, Leander Haussmann, Patrice Pavis, Simon McBurney, Robert Wilson, Di Trevis, Richard Schechner, and Richard Foreman. Finally, essays by scholars Sue-Ellen Case, R.G. Davis, Joachim Fiebach, Loren Kruger, Helmut Lethen, Hans Mayer, Klaus Volker, and Carl M. Weber address Brecht s significance for the new millennium. ISBN 3-9805945-0-5 (Germany)ISSN 00734-8665 (Brecht Yearbook)ISSN 0040-54118 (Theater der Zeit)"


This report describes two tools for modelling and simulating the costs and risks of using IT storage systems for the long-term archiving of file-based AV assets. The tools include a model of storage costs, the ingest and access of files, the possibility of data corruption and loss from a range of mechanisms, and the impact of having limited resources with which to fulfill access requests and preservation actions. Applications include archive planning, development of a technology strategy, cost estimation for business planning, operational decision support, staff training and generally promoting awareness of the issues and challenges archives face in digital preservation.


Background and purpose: Cancer is highly prevalent in modern societies and approximately one in three or four people is diagnosed with cancer. Oral cancer is one of the 10 primary causes of mortality due to late detection for many reasons, including being asymptomatic in initial stages, clinical presentation similar to other lesions, and variation in clinical manifestations. This study aimed at investigating the two-year prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in Mazandaran province, north of Iran 2016-18. Materials and methods: In this qualitative sociological study, all 4532 records available in the head and neck malignancy center in Mazandaran province were reviewed and 88 records of SCC were extracted. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the frequency and frequency percentage. Data analysis was done in SPSS V16 applying Chi-square test. Results: Patients with SCC were found to be 57 males (65%) and 31 females (35%). Head and face were the highest prevalence sites for this malignancy (82.3%) followed by the neck (12.7%). There was a significant relationship between the patients' age and the prevalence of SCC (P= 0.40). Conclusion: The prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma in this study was higher than that reported in similar studies.


This paper analyzes the cause of nonlinear distorion in amplifying circuit and puts forward the method of eliminating nonlinear distortion with EWB simulation software.


Pd-Pt bimetallic nanocrystals become appealing in electrocatalytic field in virtue of their synergy effects derived from the electronic coupling between two metals. Herein, a facile seed-mediated growth approach is reported for synthesis of Pt-on-Pd dendritic nanosheets (DNSs) through the growth of Pt branches on ultrathin Pd nanosheets (NSs). The as-obtained Pt-on-Pd DNSs exhibit superior catalytic activity towards both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), with the mass activities (MA) of 2.2 times higher for ORR and 3.4 times higher for MOR than commercial Pt/C catalyst, respectively. Moreover, these spatially separated Pt branches supported on 2D nanosheets also endow Pt-on-Pd DNSs with impressive durability for ORR with only 18.9 % losses in MA, while Pt/C catalyst lose 50.0 %, after 10,000-cycle accelerated durability tests. This 2D dendritic nanosheets architecture can be extended to other 2D metallic nanosheets substrate for constructing Pt-based electrocatalysts with excellent electrocatalytic performances.


he chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 play an important role as coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entring into cells. HIV-1 isolates can be distinguished by the chemokine coreceptors. Nonsyncytium inducing (NSI), macrophage tropic viruses utilizing CCR5, are called R5 viruses; syncytium inducing (SI) isolates use CXCR4 and known as X4 viruses. R5 viruses generally are associated with latent stage of infection and X4 viruses with later, more severe stages of infection. This phenotypic switch from R5 to X4 correlated with the decreased CD4


We report on the structure formation and the adsorption height of the organic semiconductor molecule 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) on the Cu3Au(111) surface. The results...


The invention provides a lithium battery SOC-OCV curve determination method. The lithium battery SOC-OCV curve determination method comprises the following steps that (A) a battery to be tested is discharged to the lower limit voltage; (B) the battery to be tested is charged with constant charging current to the upper limit voltage, charging voltage and charging capacity are recorded; (C) the battery to be tested is discharged with constant discharging current, discharging is stopped when discharging capacity equals the charging capacity in the step (B), and charging voltage and charging capacity are recorded; (D) data of the charging voltage, relative to the state of charge (SOC) of the battery to be tested and data of the discharging voltage, relative to the SOC of the battery to be tested are acquired respectively; (E) at the same SOC point, the median of the charging voltage and the discharging voltage is adopted as the open-circuit voltage (OCV) value of the battery, so that the SOC-OCV data curve is obtained. The lithium battery SOC-OCV curve determination method has the advantages that operation is easy, the testing process is continuous, consumed time is short, and working efficiency and accuracy are high.


Prospects for using time series to predict changes in technical parameters in real time are considered. The task is to assess the trend dynamics of the parameter. Adaptive polynomial models of the first and second order, based on the method of multiple exponential smoothing, were selected for forecasting. The models have been modified to adapt to the peculiarities of the computing process in the microcontroller. The initial data, the acceleration values in three axes, were obtained using a three-axis accelerometer installed on the vehicle. Comparison of the forecasting results showed that the second-order adaptive polynomial model is generally more preferable from the point of view of the reduced error. Both models can be used to estimate the change in a parameter for an arbitrary number of prediction intervals. The efficiency of using the models for the forecasting problem largely depends on the determination of the adaptation parameters, such as the smoothing constant and the initial estimates of the coefficients of the time series model. The paper considers the features of the behavior of the models and defines the rules for the selection of adaptation parameters depending on the nature of the change in the technical parameter over time.


By a questionnaire 88 chest physicians were asked anonymously for their opinion about 15 cases of tuberculosis with various problems (choice of chemotherapeutic regimens, duration of treatment, rehabilitation and other aspects) in regard to first or repeated treatment and in chronic tuberculosis. It can be demonstrated, that in the overwhelming number the evaluation of the cases is done with safety and that the recommendations of the advisory board for chest diseases and tuberculosis are noticed.


The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (the Authority), Capital Development Program (CDP) consisted of planning, design/engineering, construction and renovation/rehabilitation of new and existing airport infrastructure and facilities that improved customer service at Washington National Airport (DCA) and expanded the existing facilities at Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD). The major projects included new terminals and related facilities; terminal expansions; airplane hangers; runways/taxiways and holding aprons; a new boiler/chiller plant; an electrical switch gear/substation; utility buildings; public safety facilities; air cargo facilities; fuel farms and hydrant fueling systems; access roadways; pedestrian bridges and walkways; parking garages and satellite parking lots; and new mid-field terminals.


The offline monitoring of elevator systems during off the peak hours is tedious for large organizations with hundreds of elevators. The present work proposes a cost-effective cloud- based web application is developed for online monitoring of the position and fault information of elevator. The fault identification is a two-stage process. Firstly, the rotary encoder provides the information about the motion of the lift then the level sensor outputs indicate the floor number or the fault condition. An Arduino controller with Wi-Fi module is used for sensing, processing the information then sending to things-speak channel. A prototype will be developed and tested to validate the proposed online monitoring mechanism.


Richard Evans Schultes has no doubt been one of the most important ethnobotanists of the 20the century. During decades of fieldwork, first in Mexico and then the Colombian Amazon, Schultes amassed a wealth of data later presented to the public in over 400 papers and dozens of books. Much of this work would, however, not have been possible without dedicated counterparts and students.

This book contains the proceedings of the first symposium to honor Richard Schultes, which took place in St. Louis, Missouri, on the 10th anniversary of his death. In this volume, many of Schultes` most recognized students present their own perspective on their mentor, his life work, and his influence on their careers. Papers addressing Schultes` legacy and the current state of ethnobotany in the Amazon round out the picture.


Preface Acknowledgements Part 1 Telling Musical Stories: Missing Voices in the Documentation of Musical Traditions Introduction to Part 1 1. Reflections on "Deep Listening:" Exploring Music in Context 2. Medieval Liturgical Roots and the Documentation of the Western Canon 3. Women in World Music: Another Picture of Musical Documentation Guided Research Project for Part 1: Defining Feminism Part 2 Restricted Domains: Gender Spheres In Art Music Introduction to Part 2 4. The Renaissance and Beyond: Courtly Worlds of Women and Music 5. Baroque Keyboard and Vocal Genres: Gender Roles in Musical Families 6. Romantic-Era Performer/Composers: Walking the Public/Private Line Guided Research Project for Part 2: Writing the Classical Chapter Part 3 Visual Images in an Aural World Introduction to Part 3 7. American Popular Music: 1895-1945 8. Empowered Voices in the Public Eye: Women of Gospel and Blues 9. Visual Media and the Marketing of Women Performers Guided Research Project for Part 3: Women Behind the Lens Part 4 A Century of Change: The Impact of Education on Women's Art Music Activity Introduction to Part 4 10. Gender Integration in Twentieth-Century Instrumental Ensembles 11. Twentieth-Century Large-Scale Works: Contrasting Compositional Voices 12. Old Genres, New Sounds: Contemporary Music and Experimental Voices Guided Research Project for Part 4: Out of the Textbook and Into the Concert Hall Part 5 No Longer "One of the Boys" Introduction to Part 5 13. Instrumental to Jazz: The Forgotten Role of Women 14. Music Technology in the Hands of Women 15. A New Message: Taking Charge in the Mass Music Market Guided Research Project for Part 5: "Women's Music" and Segregation: Debating the Pros and Cons Glossary Index


We classify the pairs of conjugate partitions whose regularisations are images of each other under the Mullineux map. This classification proves a conjecture of Lyle, answering a question of Bessenrodt, Olsson and Xu.


Due to the application of a determined depreciation procedure for fixed assets, an investor obtains a cash flow which influences the Net Cash Flow – NCF. This fact affects considerably the economic efficiency of an investment project under analysis. The article analyses the effect of the depreciation procedure upon fixed assets (linear method, degressive method as well as procedures applied in West Europe) upon cash flows, income tax encumbrance and efficiency of an investment project. Then, there is also investigated a possibility of self-financing of investments with the means coming from amortization deductions. A pertinent analysis was performed taking as example an investment project aimed at providing some mining flats with machines and devices.


In this paper, highly mesoporous hierarchical nickel and cobalt double hydroxide composites (NCDHs) have been synthesized via a simple reflux method. The synthesized NCDH composites with a mass ratio of 100:20 for Ni(NO3)2·6H2O/Co(NO3)2·6H2O (NCDH-20) contained a lot of oxygen defect sites, and chemisorbed water connects the adjacent Ni(OH)2 layers. The porous hierarchical nanostructures provide natural channels for the effective and fast transportation of carriers. Furthermore, the NCDH-20 sensor exhibits excellent gas-sensing properties, such as a low detection limit of 0.97 ppm and short response time of 0.6 s to 97 ppm NOx, due to the layered single crystal structure and unique gallery pathway. The NCDH-20 sensor with ultrafast NOx sensing has significant applications for gas sensing.


A viable alternative to synchrotron-based fabrication lines is discussed. These are collimated point X-ray sources that will cost a fraction of the price of synchrotrons. The two basic configurations for X-ray lithography-proximity and projection-are explained. Two basic methods for collimating the sources are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are examined.<<ETX>>


The effects of solar heating of soil on increasing the temperature of tilled soil layer,controlling the eggplant Verticillium wilt and the yield of eggplant from 2006 to 2008 were studied.The results showed that the temperature of 0-20 cm soil arable layer could be significantly increased by solar heating of soil,and the temperature of every soil layer went up to the lethal temperature of micro-sclerotium.The incidence of V.wilt could be decreased significantly and the yield of eggplant could be increased.


In this paper, we present a new approach for sensed signal strength forecasting in wireless sensors using interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (FLS). We show that a type-2 fuzzy membership function, i.e., a Gaussian MF with uncertain mean is most appropriate to model the sensed signal strength of wireless sensors. We demonstrate that the sensed signals of wireless sensors are self-similar, which means it can be forecasted. An interval type-2 FLS is designed for sensed signal forecasting and is compared against a type-1 FLS. Simulation results show that the interval type-2 FLS performs much better than the type-1 FLS in sensed signal forecasting. This application can be further used for power on/off control in wireless sensors to save battery energy.


Open houses are a great way to introduce your services to your patrons, especially those who may not otherwise be regular visitors. Librarians at the Engineering Library on the Pennsylvania State University, University Park campus developed a tailored open house event to connect with the College of Engineering community and introduce patrons to the resources and services available in the library. The Engineering Library benefited greatly from these events, and students now feel more comfortable approaching librarians with questions. The open houses have also provided a way for the librarians to learn more about the needs of their faculty and students. — Editors


The present invention is a dissolution property in water, provides a polyvinylalcohol (PVA) that is sufficiently large change in a small temperature change. In the present invention, to proceed with the polyvinyl ester based polymer with alcohol and the polyvinyl ester based polymer with alcohol in a transesterification reaction in a reaction mixture containing a basic compound at least a polymer that some precipitation to precipitate the ester-exchanged polymer from the reaction mixture pushed forward again in the transesterification reaction mixture containing the polyvinyl alcohol polymer in the production of, and the temperature of the reaction mixture at which the precipitation of at least some of the transesterification started to polymer of 75 to 150 ℃. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl ester-based polymer, alcohol, a basic compound, the reaction mixture liquid, a transesterification reaction, precipitated


THE office of Medical Adviser, as distinct from that of Physical Examiner, for women at Cornell L niversity has been inaugurated this year. For two years such provision has been made for the men. In my capacity as Medical Adviser. I have come in close contact with the women, holding, as I do, office hours at the I niversity each day and issuing all their excuses for absences. I was first surprised at the large number who reported dys-


PURPOSE: Flexible expansion joint is provided to secure execute flexible expansion action despite friction of sealing material and durability whereby even when pressure is applied to joint when it is used at curved pipe portion. CONSTITUTION: Flexible expansion joint that can securely execute flexible expansion action using spherical surface and which is superior in durability whereby even when pressure is applied to joint when it is used at curved pipe portion, there is generated no bending force, flexible expansion joint being constructed in such a manner that hollow spherical portions (3, 4) formed at an end of two pipe bodies (1, 2) facing each other, respectively, are fitted one within the other so as to connect two pipe bodies (1, 2) in flexible fashion, that packing rings (5, 5a) each having a recessed portion formed from the side thereof as seen cross sectionally are inserted between an open end (4a) of hollow spherical portions (3, 4) fitted outwardly and an interface of the hollow spherical portion (3) fitted inwardly, that a lip portion (7) formed on at least one side of recessed portion is jointed to open end face of outwardly fitted hollow spherical portion (4), and that holding portion (9) mounted on open end (4a) of the outwardly fitted hollow spherical portion (4) is jointed to packing rings (5, 5a).


KEY POINTS
Psychosis developed in a 70-year-old woman with a 12-year history of Parkinson disease after she ingested nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid. The patient had chronic and painful dystonia in both feet that occurred as her medications were wearing off; this was resistant to management with


Abstract Starting from the commercially available dimethyl sulfide‐gold(I) chloride complex (DMSAuCl) and diazonium salts in the presence of 2,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methylpyridine as base, symmetric and unsymmetric [C^N^C]AuIIICl complexes were synthesized in a selective, photosensitizer‐free, photochemical reaction using blue LED light. This new protocol provides the first mercury‐free synthesis of these types of pincer‐complexes in moderate‐to‐excellent yields, starting from a readily available gold(I) precursor. Owing to the extraordinary properties of the target compounds, like excellent luminescence and high anticancer activities, the synthesis of such complexes is a highly active field of research, which might make its way to an industrial application. Owing to the disadvantages of the known protocols, especially the toxicity and the selectivity issues in the case of unsymmetric complexes, avoiding the use of mercury, should further accelerate this ongoing development.


Acoustic analysis of nasalized vowels in the frequency domain indicates the presence of extra peaks, one between the first two formants with amplitude P1 and one below the first formant with amplitude P0; the first‐formant amplitude A1 is also reduced relative to its amplitude for a nonnasal vowel. These acoustic characteristics may be explained by speech production theory. The objective of this study is to determine the base line values for the acoustic parameters in quantifying nasality. A1‐P1 and A1‐P0 were tested as measures of nasality by comparing vowels adjacent to nasal consonants and those adjacent to stops for English speakers. For high vowels, A1‐P1 is a better parameter to distinguish nasal vowels from non‐nasal vowels, with an average difference of 10 dB; however, A1‐P0 is better for low vowels, with an average difference of 7 dB. French nasal vowels adjacent to stops were also examined. To further test these parameters as measures of nasality, they were systematically manipulated in syntheti...


Background: Although several studies have described good results of proximal chevron and Ludloff osteotomies, there have been no studies comparing the results of these two techniques at a single institution. Materials and Methods: We consecutively evaluated 46 patients who underwent proximal chevron osteotomies and 52 patients who underwent Ludloff osteotomies. Patients were evaluated by preoperative and postoperative weight bearing radiographs and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux MP score. Results: Both groups had similarly high AOFAS scores and good correction by radiographic parameters. No statistically significant differences were found with respect to correction of hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) between the two groups. Significant shortening of the first metatarsal was found after Ludloff osteotomy (p < 0.05). At 6 weeks after surgery, the pain subscore was significantly lower in the proximal chevron group than in the Ludloff group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The proximal chevron and Ludloff osteotomies yielded equivalent clinical and radiological results. The Ludloff osteotomy with lag screw fixation is more stable and does not require postoperative hardware removal, although it is technically demanding and has a tendency toward greater shortening of the first metatarsal. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study


A circuit suited to inelastic electron tunnelling spectroscopy is described in detail. It combines resonant tuning with some high-impedance elements. It has proved to be robust against stray pick-up yet also to give a good signal-to-noise performance. A high-frequency, 100 kHz, version of the circuit is shown to be better than 10 kHz or 1 kHz equivalents. The quality of the spectra is not significantly degraded when the circuit is interfaced to a desktop-computer-controlled data acquisition system.


Employee's turnover intention is one of the main concerns of human resource managers and one of their main purposes is try to job quality improvement. One of the factors that influence these variables is job fit and the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of this variable on employee's turnover intention & job quality improvement according to mediating role of job involvement. This study, in terms of objective is applied and in terms of data collection is descriptive-survey. The Data was collected from brokerage corporations of Tehran exchange and the conceptual model was tested using of structural equation modeling (SEM) and SPSS 20 and Amos 20 software were used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis of 357 questionnaires revealed that personjob fit has a negative and significant effect on employee's turnover intention. But, there is a significant and positive association between person-job fit with job involvement and person-job fit with job quality improvement. Also, job involvement has a negative and significant effect on employee's turnover intention and the effect of job involvement on job quality improvement isn't significant.


Currently the internet has become an important and effective means of communication to obtain various sources of information. The internet has also been proven to provide benefits to the community, one of which is in the business of providing residential services or boarding houses. Due to limited information about facilities, prices, locations and availability of boarding rooms, it is difficult for people to come directly to the location to survey the boarding house.The methodology used is Waterfall which has five stages, namely, Requirement Analysis and Definition, System and Software Design, Implementation and Unit Testing, Integration and System Testing, and Operation and Maintenance. At the analysis stage, data collection and needs analysis were carried out. At the design stage, Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) and Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD) are made. At the implementation stage, the system was created using PHP and JavaScript as the programming language, and MySQL as the database server. The testing method used is the Blackbox Testing method. Boarding seekers can view the location, route, boarding information, filter data, and see the panorama of the boarding house and can book a boarding house in the city of Palangka Raya. The boarding house owner can use this system as a place to promote his boarding house.


Abstract Montezuma quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) are one of the least understood upland game birds in North America. The lack of ecological studies on Montezuma quail may be attributed to the inability of researchers to capture the secretive bird. We evaluated techniques that are commonly used for capturing other upland game of North America including funnel traps, trained dogs and hand-nets, audio calls, portable mist nets, and night-netting in the Chihuahuan Desert of Texas, USA, 2000–2001. The modified mist net was the most successful technique employed for capturing nonradiotagged Montezuma quail; however, its application may be limited to grassland and savannah communities. Researchers attempting to capture Montezuma quail should employ a variety of capture techniques and then bolster sample sizes using night-netting.


Abstract— The excited states of bilirubin (BR) in a variety of environments have been studied by 347 nm laser flash photolysis. Quantum yields of formation of triplet BR have been shown to be less than 0.005 in solution in water (pH 9–11), methanolic ammonia, 10% aqueous mulgofen and in cetyl trimethyl‐ammonium bromide. In benzene the quantum yield was 0.01 although this diminished to less than 0.005 on addition of triethylamine. Permanent products are formed with benzene and with 1% methanolic ammonia. With BR in HSA a transient decaying with k = 3.5 × 105 s‐1 is formed by a monophotonic process together with a permanent product. Neither species is affected by oxygen or by iodide ion. Both originate from BR molecules in the strongest binding site in the HSA. The yields of both species are unaffected by salt but are temperature dependent. The decay of the transient is strongly temperature dependent corresponding to an activation energy of about 50–60 kj mol‐1. If this transient is a triplet it is formed with a quantum yield of 0.13 ± 0.01. The relevance of these results to an understanding of the photo therapeutic process is discussed.


1Faculty of Automotive and Power Machinery Engineering, Thai Nguyen University of Technology, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam 2Faculty of International Training, Thai Nguyen University of Technology, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract A 3D nonlinear dynamic model of a single drum vibratory roller based on the analysis of nonlinear geometric characteristics of wheel-deformation of soil ground contact is proposed in this study when vehicle moves into the workshop. The weighted r.m.s acceleration responses of the vertical driver's seat, pitch and roll angle of the cab are chosen as objective functions. Matlab/Simulink software is used to simulate the nonlinear dynamic models and calculate the objective functions. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the cab's isolation system are analyzed respectively. Not only are the results of this study evaluated the effects of the cab's isolation system on vehicle comfort ride, but they also work out the optimal values for the stiffness and damping coefficients to improve vehicle ride comfort when vehicle moves on the deformed ground surfaces.


Return-To-Scale (RTS) is a most important topic in DEA. Many methods are not obtained for estimating RTS in DEA, yet. In this paper has developed the Banker-Trall approach to identify situation for RTS for the BCC model "multiplier form" with virtual weight restrictions that are imposed to model by DM judgments. Imposing weight restrictions to DEA models often has created problem of infeasibility the DEA models. Thus, the proposed models via Estellita Lins et al. (2006) are applied for testing feasibility weighted BCC model and to provide minimally acceptable adjustments to original restrictions that render the weighted model feasible. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a nonparametric technique for measuring and evaluating the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMU) with multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The flexibility of weight assigned to inputs and outputs is a key aspect of DAE modeling. The different approach for the restricting weight flexibility in the DEA models by incorporating the dicision makers assessment on the relative important of inputs and outputs. As we know Return to Scale (RTS) one of the most important topic in DEA. Therefore determining the RTS status (Constant, Increasing, decreasing Return to Scale) under weight restrictions is very important. Imposing weight restriction to DAE models often led to the model infeasible. The topic of interaction of limits on weights and effect of these limits on feasibility was first observed by Pedraja-Capparo (3). The weight restrictions can be imposed to DEA models with several approaches. The use of weight restrictions was first proposed by Thompson et al (5). Wong and Beasley (1990) proposed three different approaches for restricting the virtual variables (6). The one of this approaches consist of imposing upper and/or lower bounds on the share of virtual inputs (or outputs) in the total virtual input (or output). Also, Estellita Lins et al.


Finite one-dimensional magnetophotonic crystal containing magnetized plasma layers is considered in Voigt configuration. Combined theoretical method based on the Floquet-Bloch waves method and transfer matrix one is used for obtained analytical expressions for dispersion relations, transmission and reflection coefficients. Pronounced nonreciprocal properties of the magnetophotonic crystal are shown for oblique incidence of wave on the structure. Transmission coefficients are different for opposite signs of incidence angle. Nonreciprocity is observed within the transmission band of surface gyrotropic waves within subbands between Fabry-Perot resonances.


Near-field inspection of metallic nano-gap gratings can be used to efficiently monitor terahertz (THz) interaction with two-dimensional (2D) materials. Localized field enhancement at the nano-gap region leads to higher absorption of the transmitted THz field and thus to a higher contrast of otherwise barely visible 2D materials. In this study, a significant enhancement of THz contrast was observed with high-resolution THz near-field imaging at graphene and MoS2. The resulting effective conductance and THz absorption have been quantified on a sub-wavelength scale using a photoconductive near-field microprobebased THz-time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) system.


While precise patterns of efferent innervation of the heart have been extensively investigated, a large fraction of the studies have been made in the dog, cat, rabbit and a few other domestic animals with little or no information upon the primate. We have recently described the anatomical distribution of the autonomic cardiac nerves, together with functional responses to their electrical excitation in the baboon (1, 2). The emphasis of these reports, however was almost exclusively upon epicardial innervation. In subsequent experiments, after developing techniques for studies of endocardial structures in the dog (3, 4), strain gauge arches and/or intramyocardial pressure transducers were applied to the interventricular septum and papillary muscles in the intact baboon heart. The present report illustrates and compares changes in contractile force and in intramyocardial pressure development within the septum and epicardial portions of the left ventricle. To our knowledge, these data represent the first such direct expeirimental approaches to determination of endocardial functions in the primate heart. Methods. Walton-Brodie strain gauge arches were carefully sutured to the endocardial surfaces of the interventricular septum and/or to the longitudinal surfaces of the papillary muscles of the left ventricle through left atriotomy, while the animal was on compete cardiac bypass and the heart was in fibrillation, in seven baboons (Papio anubis). After installation of the transducers, the animals were removed from the bypass pump with defibrillation and restoration of in vivo circulation. The small branchings of both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac nerves distal to the stellate and middle cervical ganglia and the cervical vagosympathetic trunk were carefully isolated and electrically stimulated using either a Nuclear Chicago constant current stimulator (model 7151) or a Grass S5 square wave voltage generator (2). Recordings were made upon either a Model R Beckman rectilinear or Offner Model R curvilinear recorder.


22,000 members, its numerous Divisions aid seventy Branches, its Council and Representative Parliament, its great Standing Committees, its Medical Secretary's department, and its large revenues ? Well, since its reconstitution eight years ago it has devoted its attention verv largely to the defence of its members and of the prolession generally against the attempts which are made with cruel frequency against them by many sections of the community. Whilst extolling the nobility and generosity of our profession as a whole, it is notorious that public and private bodies, municipalities, corporations, clubs, medical aid institutions, charities, vie with each other in their attempts to use our services without reward, or for the smallest compensation which is possible; and it is equally clear that the only chance which the rank and file of the profession-those men who perform the most and the best of its work-have to repel these attacks is the support of a great and powerful body like our Association. Medical men talk of these things as if they belonged only to modern times; as if, until recently, we had been fairly treated, and no attempt had been made to impose on our good nature. I would ask them to read & certain report of the first committee which the Association appointed to consider the question of Poor Law medical relief, presented seventy-five years ago (1835).


The deep hole boring is a method for improving the precision of the deep hole processing,which defects at hole can be calibrated,such as roundness error,straightness error,in order to obtain good geometry precision and surface roughness.It is known that the deep hole processing methods,motion style,the trajectory equation and the boring force analysis are the origin of unstable factors in deep hole processing.While a suitable boring method may reduce vibration of cutting system.it boring tool with equispaced multi-edge is analyzed for its carrying force under pushing boring and pulling boring to establish geometrical model and generate neutral geometric files with PRO/E,and then calculate the max.deflection of boring stem by ANSYS finite element method in pushing and pulling boring as well as the biggest stress-strain curve of deflection.By comparing the analyzing results of the above two,the advantages of processing pull boring are proved.