With detectors having high theoretical performance available, requirements on the preamplifier should be sufficiently stringent that the performance of the photodiode is not degraded by the preamplifier. When the detector is connected to a preamplifier the problem becomes one of determining how the noise figure of the preamplifier affects the detectivity of the detector. Therefore the detector signal noise and detectivity characteristics as well as the preamplifier requirements are discussed. Equations that must be fulfilled by the preamplifier in order to utilize the full detectivity of the detector. are derived.


Achieving ecologically sustainable societies necessitates fundamental social and cultural transformations. Religion has the potential to foster the required paradigm shifts in mindsets, behaviour and policy. Moreover, in many religious communities there is increasing engagement with questions of environment, climate change and ecological sustainability. This has led to an increasing corpus of literature engaging with the nexus between religion, environment, development and sustainability. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of recent ecological trends in religious traditions as well as the literature on religion and sustainable development and on religion and ecology. While an ecological turn is evident in many religious communities and has been well documented in the literature, it emerges that more research is necessary on the way that this phenomenon manifests in environmental action at individual and institutional levels.


Textile industry generates high amounts of water in their dyeing and finishing processes. The problem arises in the treatment of wastewaters which contains dyes due to their not biodegradable character. Nowadays, depuration of this kind of effluents requires additional treatments before their discharge to a biological plant or after the biological treatment. The most common processes imply physical methods based on the pollutants separation (i.e. flocculation-coagulation, activated carbon and resins); therefore, two products are obtained: a concentrated waste and the clean water. Consequently, this concentrated waste also needs to be treated in order to degrade the non-biological components.


Accurate estimates of tree component and aboveground biomass strongly depend on robust and precise allometric equations. However, site-specific and suitable biomass equations are currently scarce for natural Larix gmelinii forests in the western Daxing'anling Mountains, northeastern China. This study aimed to evaluate the biomass allocation patterns within tree components and develop additive allometric biomass equations for species of L. gmelinii. A total of 58 trees were destructively sampled and measured for wood (inside bark), bark, branch and leaf biomass. For each component, we assessed the share of biomass allocated to different components by computing its ratio; we also tested two allometric equations based on diameter at breast height (dbh) alone, and dbh fitted with height (h) as independent variables. Seemingly unrelated regression methodology was used to fit an additive system of biomass allometric equations. We performed an independent dataset to evaluate the predictive ability of the best model system. The results revealed that wood biomass accounted for approximately 60% of the aboveground biomass. Wood and branch biomass ratios increased with increasing dbh, while a reverse trend was observed for bark and leaf biomass ratios. All models showed good fitting results with Adj.R2 = 0.958–0.995. Tree dbh provided the lowest estimation errors in the regressions associated with branches and leaves, while dbh2 × h generated the most precise models for stems (wood and bark). We conclude that these allometric equations will accurately predict biomass for Larix trees in the western Daxing'anling Mountains.


The autoantigen La binds the U‐rich 3′ ends of all nascent RNA polymerase III transcripts. Here, we demonstrate that this abundant nuclear phosphoprotein not only binds these RNAs but appears to be required for their synthesis. HeLa cell extracts immunochemically depleted of La by either patient or mouse monoclonal antibodies lose greater than 99% of their transcription activity on class III genes. The few transcripts synthesized in the absence of La have fewer uridylate residues at their 3′ ends than those made in its presence. Reconstitution of La‐depleted extracts with biochemically purified HeLa La protein stimulates transcription levels and completely restores transcript length. A model coupling transcription levels to the action of La at the RNA polymerase III termination signal is presented.


Inthis paper wepropose anewblind, error-free detection algorithm forwatermarking intransform domains. Thedetection scheme useslinear decoding techniques fromtherecent theory ofCompressive Sensing (CS), whosecentral ideais that asmall numberofnon-adaptive linear projections ofa sparse signal aresufficient forerror-free reconstruction ofthe original signal. We usethefact that natural images areapproximately sparse intheDCTorwavelet basis; withanextra step ofsparsification orscaling ofthecoefficients wecandecodeboththeoriginal imageandwatermark withzeroerror, despite notknowing thehost image. Besides being error-free, ourproposed detection algorithm haslowcomplexity compared toother blind algorithms. Itcanbeextended toany transform-domain watermarking method, andalso beusedto watermark already compressed images. Index Terms-Blind Watermark Detection, fL-decoding, Imagecompression, Transform DomainWatermarks, Compressive Sensing


This paper analyzed the vegetation data from a field survey conducted in the Espiguete massif (Leon-Palencia), Spain, to reveal the features of mountainous vegetation growing and biological strategies in calcareous areas of Cantabrian mountains (Central-eastern area).


This paper introduces the application of the virtual reality to train the operator of crane. Through the new method, we can improve the quality of training and ability of the operator of crane.


Based on the monthly themocline characteristic parameters of tropic Indian Ocean obtained by the Argo profile data from China Argo Real-time Data Center(CARDC),along with the longline fisheries data of yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares) provided by the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission(IOTC),the spatial overlay maps of the average monthly at themocline characteristic parameters and CPUE value of yellowfin tuna were plotted to analyze the relationship between the fishing grounds distribution of yellowfin tuna and themocline characteristics parameters.The seasonal variety of the upper bound depth,temperature and the lower boundary depth and the fishing ground distribution of yellowfin tuna were found from the analysis results.Meanwhile,the relationship between the fishing ground distribution of yellowfin tuna and the seasonal variety of the themocline were remarkable.During the northeast monsoon,the range of the upper boundary depth in the higher value of CPUE fishing area was 30—50m,and the CPUE value was lower where the upper boundary was over than 70m.While the upper boundary depth was more than 120m during the southwest monsoon.The lower boundary depth in the higher value of CPUE fishing area was less than 200m during the northeast monsoon,while that was over than 300m during the southwest monsoon.During the northeast monsoon,the upper boundary temperature was more than 25℃ and the CPUE value was generally lower in the area with the temperature less than 24℃,while that during the southwest monsoon ranged wildly,extended to 22℃,and the CPUE value was lower under 22℃.Based on the frequency analysis and empirical cumulative distribution function(ECDF),the optimum range of the upper boundary temperature and depth were 25—29℃ and 30—70m,respectively,while that of lower boundary temperature and depth were 13—16℃ and 140—200m,respectively.The results were trusted test by K-S test.


The present invention provides a particular animal, and in particular porcine, which are derived from tissues and cells, which lacks any expression of functional enzyme α1,3 galactosyltransferase (α GT), and the expression of one or more additional transgene, said transgenic such that it becomes a suitable donor for islet xenografts. Also it provides methods for using cells derived from such animals, the treatment and prevention of diabetes.


Suprathermal electron bursts (STEBs), characterized by a board energy spectrum and a field‐aligned pitch angle distribution, have been well recognized to be associated with electron acceleration by inertial Alfvén waves and are thus conventionally termed as "Alfvénic aurora." In this study, we report joint Enhanced‐Polar‐Outflow‐Probe (e‐POP) and ground‐based optical observations of Alfvénic auroras. In particular, we highlight the prominence of 630‐nm red line emissions under low‐energy Alfvénic auroral precipitation. During the event interval, e‐POP traverses two arcs. One bright arc dominated by green line emissions is clearly seen by all optical instruments; it is embedded in upward field‐aligned currents (FACs) yet leaves little imprint on the e‐POP suprathermal electron imager (SEI), likely due to that the precipitation is well above the upper energy limit of SEI. On the other hand, there is a red line arc that is pronounced only in 630‐nm images. Such a red‐line‐only arc is located in a transition from large‐scale upward FACs to downward FACs and is associated with a prominent STEB structure detected by e‐POP SEI. The STEB features an inverse energy time dispersion, namely, that lower‐energy electrons are seen earlier while higher‐energy electrons appear later. The red‐line‐only arc and its separation from the green line arc evolve in a repeatable fashion, each stemming from a poleward auroral intensification (PAI) propagated from higher latitudes. Following each poleward auroral intensification the green line arc progressively moved southward, while the red‐line‐only arc is quasi‐stationary and stayed relatively stable in latitude. We propose tentative interpretations of the above features based upon stationary inertial Alfvén waves.


The article is devoted to the study of the problem of using means of diagnosing the day mode and health status of students on the example of creating open electronic courses in a classic university. The purpose of the study is to diagnose the state of health of students by creating a chronobiological passport using available electronic means.The study involved 70 students wich were randomized for the male and female. Totally, respondents included 64 girls and 6 boys. All the sudents studied full-time in V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Respondents were 18-19 years ols. All methods used in the study were automated by elements of the LMS Moodle system and automatically calculated all the result, providing some practical advices to the students who had access to an open electronic course. Therefore, in order to build an optimal daily routine that would coincide with the rhythmophilic type of person and ensure high efficiency of both work and rest during the day, we proposed the use of questionnaires to assess the daily routine using the «Chronobiological Passport». Chronobiological passport, which contains a set of methods for assessing the types of daily working capacity and analysis of basic human biorhythms, provided for the consideration of the type of daily working capacity of the student when planning a schedule of physical education for students of Kharkiv National University named after V. N. Karazin, because physical education today is the only discipline for students of all specialties in which the issue of health is a priority. Thus, the course constitutes a certain electronic diagnostic system due to a set of relevant tools and recommendations, and the electronic «Health Passport» is the first diagnostic electronic tool for health monitoring available to everyone. Analysis of the data of chronobiological passports showed that students exactly of the evening and arrhythmic type have chronic desynchronosis or a predisposition to them,which, in turn, requires a revision of the daily routine of the students, taking into account individual characteristics when planning the modes «sleep-wakefulness», «work and rest», «activity and calmness», as well as daily regime and periods of daytime working capacity The use of electronic diagnostic tools (chronobiological passport) makes it possible to obtain information about changes in the state of health of students and their daily routine, as well as to monitor these changes throughout the year.


Analysis of an idealised model shows that caution should be exercised when using the equivalent elastic crack procedure for axisymmetric crack problems.


This paper proposes novel strategies for estimating current and voltage dynamic phasors under transient conditions. Algorithms based on: (i) Taylor-Kalman-Fourier (TkKF) filter; (ii) Taylor-Kalman (TK) filter; and (iii) Prony's method (PM), are compared respect to the conventional discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Recently, several papers argue about the DFT disadvantages in transient conditions mainly due to its lack of adaptability under time-varying parameters. Results are presented for actual and simulated conditions, demonstrating the high performance of the above-mentioned algorithms.


In order to compensate for the loss of performance when scaling resonant sensors down to NEMS, a complete analytical model, including all main sources of nonlinearities, is presented as a predictive tool for the dynamic behavior of clamped-clamped nanoresonators electrostatically actuated. The nonlinear dynamics of such NEMS under superharmonic resonance of an order half their fundamental natural frequencies is investigated. It is shown that the critical amplitude has the same dependence on the quality factor Q and the thickness h as the case of the primary resonance. Finally, a way to retard the pull-in by decreasing the AC voltage is proposed in order to enhance the performance of NEMS resonators.


The Faddeev‐Reshetikhin model arises as a truncation of strings in AdS5×S5. Its two particle S‐matrix should be obtained by diagonalizing its Hamiltonian. However this does not happen in a straightforward way. There is a Lorentz violating term in the Hamiltonian which prevents its plain diagonalization. We then find out the most general quartic Hamiltonian that can be diagonalized. It includes the bosonic Thirring model as well as another model which shares the same two particle S‐matrix as the Faddeev‐Reshetikhin model. We also find a one‐parameter family of interactions which lead to non‐hermitian Hamiltonians which have unitary S‐matrices and are PT symmetric.


Sustainable entrepreneurship is a spin-off concept from sustainable development that can be defined as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce, their families, local communities, society and the world at large, as well as future generations. This is an approach that is applied mostly by large, often industrial companies. In their wake, a whole range of sustainability certificates have come about. Because of the proliferation of complex and costly procedures to obtain them, SMEs have almost unanimously ignored and repudiated the idea of sustainable entrepreneurship. Although the gains can be substantial in terms of risk control, business relationships with large companies and positive reputation, the question is raised whether SMEs can actually afford to do business in a sustainable manner. The case study provides the preconditions for implementation of sustainable business practices by SMEs. First, the smaller financial resources of SMEs are not a prohibitive determinant. Lack of time, however, is. When preconditions are solved, SMEs should select a simple, pragmatic and effective format that is tailored to their needs. The case study offers some convincing examples. Finally, SMEs should look at the return and the opportunity costs of a sustainability strategy rather than simply examining the financial costs.


Analyze the condition of B27 bids works of Qinghuangdao-Shenyang dedicated passenger railway,conclude that the area of the yards to store the continuous welded rail is an important factor for welding train.Select the quantity of continuous welded rail deposited before laying in the yard as the optimized object,establish the model depending on the restrciting relationship of the time in which the welding train work in the two laying track teams,analyze the parameter to educe the condition of using the welding train.Then based on the technical flow of laying the continuous wedded rail,discuss the relationship of working procedure between the welding and others,and indicate some important parameter in selecting the equipment.This paper is useful for selecting the equipment,drawing the construction management plan,adopting new technics.


Swingler enhanced the work of Gardner to provide an elegant deconvolution method by which multiple summed exponential components might be resolved within time-domain data. Nevertheless, the application of the method remains limited owing to subtle complications that discourage many users. We present a tutorial and extend the approach to handle non-equispaced data. Finally the method's limits are identified in the case of closely-spaced exponential components with added input noise.


A chemical method for the removal of chromogenic phenolic constituents and carbohydrates of the sunflower meal has been investigated. This method uses a nondenaturing polar solvent formed by n-butanol saturated by diluite HCl and allows the preparation of protein isolate off-colour free. Evaluations on the extractibility of phenols, carbohydrates and proteins of sunflower meals from different technological processes have been carried out.


Subjects sampled from three age groups read one of eight narrative descriptions portraying a man as active or inactive regarding achievement related activities, active or inactive regarding social activities, and young or old. Evaluative attributions to each were measured with a semantic differential scale. Results supported predictions generated by attribution theory and the activity model of aging. It appears that attribution theory can be useful in explaining why attitudes toward the elderly are less positive than those toward the young.


Certifying tourism businesses as sustainable has been proposed as a means to connect the academic goals of ecotourism to the industry. One obstacle that impedes the development of widely recognized sustainable tourism certifications is the lack of knowledge regarding consumer preferences for these certifications. A better understanding of consumer desires is needed in order to create sustainable tourism certifications that will generate price premiums for certified businesses and thus accelerate the growth of certified businesses. This study uses a stated-preference choice modeling approach to examine consumer preference for sustainable tourism certifications amongst international tourists in Tanzania. Results suggest that certifications that emphasize environmental sustainability are more important to tourists than certifications that emphasize cultural or economic sustainability. Additionally, the more stringent certifications provide relatively little increase in consumer utility. The implications of the findings on the development of sustainable tourism certifications are discussed.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Semiconductor Power Device Technology Commercially Available Power Packages Power Packaging Design Methodology Summary This chapter contains sections titled: References Exercises
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Build up a group of light-weight portal frame models with different slopes by SAP2000 software. Conduct dynamic time-history analysis on light-weight portal frame models with different slopes under the EI Centro wave. The results show that: The maximum positive and negative displacement and acceleration of the light-weight portal frame presents a variation rule as the the slope increasing; the influence of the slope on the maximum positive and negative displacement of the frame is relatively small, while it is big on the maximum positive and negative acceleration; the acceleration amplification coefficient of the frame decreases as the slope increasing when the slope exceeds a limit, which show that the earthquake damage of the large slope light-weight portal frame increases as the slope increasing.


Analysis of mice harbouring deletions or mutations of T3 receptor a (TRa) and b (TRb) have clarified the complex relationship between central and peripheral thyroid status and emphasised the essential but contrasting roles of T3 in skeletal development and adult bone. These studies indicate that TRa1 is the predominant TR expressed in bone and that T3 exerts anabolic actions during growth but catabolic actions in the adult skeleton. Examination of key skeletal regulatory pathways in TR mutant mice has identified GH, IGF-1 and fibroblast growth factor signalling and the Indian hedgehog/parathyroid hormone-related peptide feedback loop as major targets of T3 action in chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Nevertheless, although increased osteoclastic resorption is a major feature of thyrotoxic bone loss and altered osteoclast activity is central to the skeletal phenotype of TR mutant mice, it remains unclear whether T3 has direct actions in osteoclasts. Detailed future analysis of the molecular mechanisms of T3 action in bone will enhance our understanding of this emerging field and has the potential to identify novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2009) 42, 269–282 Introduction Thyroid hormone is essential for normal skeletal development and the maintenance of adult bone mass. Recent studies of T3 receptor (TR) mutant mice have advanced our understanding and demonstrated the relevance of this field to osteoporosis, a major public health burden that affects half of all women and one-fifth of men over the age of 50, costing the European community V31 billion per annum (Kanis & Johnell 2005). Systemic thyroid hormone levels are maintained by the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) feedback axis. The cellular actions of 3,5,3 0-L-triiodothyronine (T3) are mediated by TRs, which act as hormoneinducible transcription factors. Unliganded TRs bind T3 response elements (TREs) in T3-target genes and mediate transcriptional repression. T3 binding results in derepression and activation of gene transcription (Yen 2001). The THRA and THRB genes encode three functional receptors TRa1, TRb1 and TRb2 as well as a non-T3-binding isoform of unknown function TRa2 (Fig. 1). TRa1 and TRb1 are expressed widely and the ratio of TRa1 to TRb1 is spatio-temporally regulated. Thus, T3-target tissues may predominantly display either TRa1 or TRb1 responsiveness or show no Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2009) 42, 269–282 0952–5041/09/042–269 q 2009 Society for Endocrinology Printed in Great Britain TR-isoform specificity. TRb2 has a more restricted pattern of expression and regulates sensory organ development (Jones et al. 2007) as well as the HPT axis. In the skeleton, chondrocyte and osteoblast lineages express TRa and TRb mRNAs, but in osteoclasts the position is less clear as studies have been restricted to precursor cells or in situ hybridisation analysis of osteoclastomas (Williams et al. 1994, Abu et al. 2000, Stevens et al. 2000, Kanatani et al. 2004). Several studies have demonstrated apparent expression of TR proteins in all bone cell lineages, but it is well recognised within the field that available TR antibodies are of low affinity, thus compromising the detection of endogenous TRs (Abu et al. 1997, Robson et al. 2000). For these reasons, a comprehensive understanding of TR expression in bone is lacking and a detailed analysis of cell-specific and temporal expression of TR isoforms is required. Long bones are formed by endochondral ossification and the skull by intramembranous ossification. During endochondral ossification, mesenchyme-derived chondrocytes form a cartilage model, undergo hypertrophic differentiation and then apoptose. The surrounding collagen X-rich cartilage matrix calcifies and forms a scaffold for bone formation by osteoblasts. Organised columns of proliferating and differentiating DOI: 10.1677/JME-08-0142 Online version via http://www.endocrinology-journals.org Downloaded from Bioscientifica.com at 12/07/2018 04:54:54AM via free access Figure 1 Thyroid hormone receptor isoforms. (A) Schematic of the four functional domains of the thyroid hormone receptor. (B) Products of the Thra and Thrb genes in the mouse. Thra has two promoters, TRa1 and TRa2 are derived from the 5 0 promoter whereas TRDa1 and TRDa2 are transcribed from an internal promoter in intron 7. TRa2 and TRDa2 result from alternative splicing. TRa1 is a functional receptor whereas TRDa1, TRa2 and TRDa2 do not bind T3 and act as antagonists. Thrb also has two promoters and both N-terminal variants TRb1 and TRb2 bind T3 and act as functional receptors. J H D BASSETT and G R WILLIAMS . Thyroid hormone receptors and bone 270 chondrocytes persist in the growth plate until adolescence and mediate linear growth and the acquisition of peak bone mass. By contrast, in intramembranous ossification, osteoblasts differentiate from mesenchyme to form bone directly. Adult bone structure and mechanical strength are preserved by a continuous process of skeletal remodelling during which precise coupling of osteoclastic bone resorption and subsequent osteoblastic bone formation is maintained. The established view that skeletal responses to abnormal thyroid status result exclusively from altered T3 action in bone has been challenged recently by studies proposing a direct role for TSH in bone. We recently discussed this issue elsewhere (Bassett & Williams 2008) and the present review will therefore focus on the analysis of T3 and TR action in bone. Thyroid hormone receptor mutant mice Several TRa knockout mice have been generated and this led to the identification of additional TRa isoforms expressed from a promoter within intron 7 of the Thra gene (Chassande et al. 1997). As a result only TRa mice lack all TRa isoforms whereas other TRa mutants retain truncated isoforms with dominant-negative activity (Fig. 1 and Table 1). This review will focus on mice lacking all TRa (TRa) or all TRb (TRb) isoforms and those harbouring dominant-negative Journal of Molecular Endocrinology (2009) 42, 269–282 mutations of either TRa (TRa1, TRa1) or TRb (TRb). Thyroid hormone actions during skeletal development are anabolic The developing skeleton is exquisitely sensitive to thyroid status and childhood hypothyroidism is characterised by growth retardation, delayed bone age and short stature, whereas juvenile thyrotoxicosis accelerates growth and advances bone age but results in short stature due to premature fusion of the epiphyses (Rivkees et al. 1988, Boersma et al. 1996, Segni & Gorman 2001). Although TRa mice are systemically euthyroid, juveniles display post-natal growth retardation with delayed endochondral ossification characterised by impaired chondrocyte differentiation and decreased mineral deposition (Bassett et al. 2007b). TRa1 mice, which harbour a dominant-negative mutation of TRa, are also euthyroid. They display a similar period of growth retardation and delayed endochondral ossification, but additionally have reduced cortical bone thickness, abnormal cortical bone remodelling and impairment of intramembranous ossification (Fig. 2; Bassett et al. 2007a). TRa1 mice, which express a potent dominant-negative TRa mutant, display a more severe skeletal phenotype. TRa1 mice have persistent post-natal growth retardation, markedly www.endocrinology-journals.org Downloaded from Bioscientifica.com at 12/07/2018 04:54:54AM via free access T a b le 1 S ke le ta l p h e n o ty p e s o f T H re c e p to r m u ta n t m ic e G e n o ty p e E n d o c ri n e s ta tu s J u v e n il e s k e le to n A d u lt s k e le to n S k e le ta l th y ro id s ta tu s R e fe re n c e s M o d e l T R a m u ta n ts T R a K /K N o T R a 1 /a 2 T R D a 1 a n d D a 2 p re s e rv e d H y p o th y ro id (T 4 0 . 1 ! T 3 0 . 4 ! , T S H 2 ! ) G H n o rm a l S e v e re g ro w th d e la y ; d e la y e d e n d o c h o n d ra l o s s ifi c a ti o n ; im p a ir e d c h o n d ro c y te d iff e re n ti a ti o n ; re d u c e d m in e ra lis a ti o n D ie b y w e a n in g u n le s s T 3 tr e a te d N R C h a s s a n d e e t a l. (1 9 9 7 ), F ra ic h a rd e t a l. (1 9 9 7 ) a n d G a u th ie r


Brian Randell described software engineering as "the multi-person development of multi-version programs". David Parnas expressed that this "pithy phrase implies everything that differentiates software engineering from other programming" (Parnas, 2011). How does current software engineering research compare against this definition? Is there too much focus currently on research into problems and techniques more associated with programming than software engineering? Are there opportunities to use Randell's description of software engineering to guide the community to new research directions? In this extended abstract, I motivate the keynote, which explores these questions and discusses how a consideration of the development streams used by multiple individuals to produce multiple versions of software opens up new avenues for impactful software engineering research.


With the reform of collective forest right system implementation,Guangdong jiaoling county combine with their own reality,fully tap the potential of the local forestry economic development take masures and achieved good results,those attracted more farmers to participate in the forestry economy of construction.However,there are also many restraining factors in the current forest economy and vigorously promote the process.This article briefly analysis the development status,problems and countermeasures of the county forest economy to further promote the county's economic development.


This paper presents the findings of a qualitative study carried out in 2007. The aim of the study was to assess the different aspects of records management at Kenya Ports Authority (KPA). The study population constituted; 136 officers, 36 records management staff and seven heads of departments (HODs) from KPA. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and observation. The key findings of the study established that KPA as the study organization has inefficient records management practices. Among the recommendations of the study were that; KPA should streamline its records management practices and there was need for acquisition of appropriate resources for implementation of the records management programme. It is suggested that further research should be carried out in other parastatals in developed and developing countries with the purpose of comparing them with this study and secondly, research can also be carried out to assess records management in private or non governmental organisations in Kenya.  This will help to compare the state of records management in a government based organisation and from the private organisation.


The article presents the technical aspects of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Digital Surface Model (DSM) built on the basic of Very High Resolution (VHR) data to create orthophotomap in a rapid mapping mode. The final part of the paper is accuracy assessment of orthophotomap built on the same elevation models which were used in a rapid mapping way. In the article were using aerial photography's gained from digital camera UltraCam Xp by Vexcel. The spatial resolution of this images is 0.10 m. Example data of Gazoport in Świnoujście were processed using photogrammetry software Agisoft PhotoScan. The usefulness of both DSM and orthophotomap products were achieved by cross calculating mean errors. Orthophotomap created in a rapid mapping way, with minimum set of images, was built across using Ground Control Points (GCP). The source of GCP points was the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure Geoportal. Check points were measured using both geoportal and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the Real Time Kinematic (RTK) mode.


The article substantiates the relationship between internal control and management accounting. In the course of the substantiation, the content of the definition of "management accounting" is specified in the context of the study of the role of the management accounting system in the information support of internal control; on the example of shipping companies, the information of management accounting for the purposes of internal control is systematized. A conceptual model of management accounting is constructed, the system-forming elements of the management accounting system are identified and clarified, each of which has control elements "embedded" in it.


A comprehensive three part examination of student mobility among the nineteen community colleges and six state universities in the State of Kansas is described. Coordinated analyses of the student data bases at the six universities and surveys administered to former community college students enrolled in these universities provide the principal results, including demographic profiles of transfer students; comparison of the academic performance, progress, graduation and persistence of community college transfer and native university students ; and student perceptions of their experiences at both institutions. The process of achieving consensus for, designing and implementing complicated research analyses at the state level by collaborative efforts is described, and the benefits of this project, and its continuation, are discussed.


TTC32‐WDR35 gene cluster has been genome‐wide significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the common variants in this region contributing to CAD risk remain elusive.


The article is devoted to the problem of the relationship of the hermeneutic method with modern aesthetic theories, which interpret in different ways the central categories of aesthetics: aesthetic experience, mediality, environment, aesthetic meaning. The possibilities of dialogue of various interpretative strategies influencing the process of forming a system of new aesthetic categories are analyzed, the hermeneutic aspects of the analytical and pragmatist approaches are compared.


The stability, damping, and venting properties of condenser microphones were determined by subjecting the microphone diaphragm to pressure pulses up to 10 psi. This was achieved by enclosing the microphone in a chamber and evacuating it to controlled ambient pressure differentials. The microphone diaphragm was then shocked by exposure to ambient pressure pulses. The stability of the microphone was determined by calibrations made before and after pressure application. Damping and venting characteristics were determined by measuring the microphone rise and decay response due to the pressure pulse. Both damped and stretched diaphragm were investigated.


of various suspected antigens. No hard-and-fast rules as to the concentration were adopted—this varied with each individual case. If a definite reaction occurred, the patient was treated every four to five days by intracutaneous injection of the oSending antigen in increasing strengths. The author apparently succeeded not only in improving the patients' derniatitea, but also in some cases desensitizing them, and enabling tbem to resume tbeir employment. R. H.


Background: Esophageal carcinoma remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and has a poor prognosis. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant type of esophageal carcinoma in Eastern Asia. The predilection site and biological behavior of ESCC differ from those of esophageal adenocarcinoma among patients in Western countries, indicating that ESCC has a distinctive oncogenesis mechanism. There are only a few studies reporting the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the molecular mechanisms of ESCC. The purpose of this study was to identify the specific circRNAs involved in ESCC pathogenesis.
 Methods: Cancerous tissues were acquired from surgical specimens from five ESCC patients, and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues were also collected as controls. All samples were analyzed by Arraystar Human circRNA Arrays. Differentially expressed circRNAs between two groups were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and seven circRNAs were randomly selected for further validation by qRT-PCR. circRNA/microRNA interactions were predicted with an in-house miRNA target prediction software from Arraystar.
 Results: Compared with the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues, 267 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in ESCC tissues (fold change >1.5, P value Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that multiple differentially expressed circRNAs are involved in the process of ESCC pathogenesis. Hsa_circRNA_101125 and hsa_circRNA_406826 may be potential new biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC. However, further studies are needed to clarify their specific regulatory mechanisms.


Tumor embolization is performed before surgical excision. The Gelfoam temporarily occludes the vessels supplying the tumor by facilitating thrombus formation. We report an adverse case of Gelfoam embolization in a patient with a certain vascular anatomy. A 75-year-old man previously diagnosed with lung cancer in 2015 was admitted to Korea University Guro Hospital. He had bilateral arm paresthesia and lower extremity weakness that had progressed for 2 weeks. Cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed a metastatic pathologic fracture of the C6 vertebral body and subsequent cord compression. A C6 corpectomy was scheduled, and preoperative spinal tumor embolization was planned. Angiography revealed that the left deep cervical artery (DCA) and the ipsilateral vertebral artery shared origin. Two Nester coils were positioned at the right distal DCA, one at the left DCA, and two at the left proximal DCA. Gelfoam was infused in each location. However, the patient's mental status worsened after the left DCA embolization. A diffusion-weighted image showed diffuse cytotoxic edema in the posterior circulation without significant lesions on magnetic resonance angiography. In Gelfoam embolization, special attention is required with neurological monitoring when maneuvering DCA if it has a nearby entrance with a vertebral artery.


ABSTRACT There are direct archetypal relationships between Mesoamerican/pre-Columbian native myths and the beliefs and behaviors of gang-entrenched Latinx youth and men. These include relationships between warrior imagery and sacrifice in gang activity, the Virgin of Guadalupe and male-female relationships, and ancestral connections to the land and the love of the neighborhood. Within psychotherapy, centralizing the beliefs and experiences of gang-entrenched Latinx youth and men allows for an increase in trust and for the roles and goals of treatment to be assessed critically.


Since early 2000s, machine learning algorithms have been widely used in many research and industrial fields, most prominently in computer vison. Lately, many fields of study have tried to use these automated methods, and there are several reports from the field of spectroscopy. In this study, we demonstrate a classification model based on machine learning to classify Raman spectra. We obtained Raman spectra from extracellular vesicles (EVs) to find tumor derived EVs. The convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on preprocessed Raman data and raw Raman data. We compare the result from CNN with results from principal component analysis that is widely used among in spectroscopy. The new model classifies EVs with an accuracy of >90%. Moreover, the new model based on CNN is also suitable for classifying the raw Raman data directly without preprocessing with a minimum accuracy of 93%.


We investigate two-phase (oil and water) flow in head-on microfluidic devices, which consist of two identical channels as inlets and the "long leg" as a constriction channel leading to a wider outlet section. Over an exceptionally broad range of flow rates of 10(-4)-10 mu l/min in 10-100 mu m (hydraulic diameter) microchannels, corresponding to capillary numbers of 10(-6)-10(-1), a two-phase flow map is presented. A rich flow behavior was found. The flow patterns observed were dripping, jetting, and threading. These phenomena are interpreted as caused by capillary instability, squeezing, and shearing by considering the contribution of different forces acting at the oil/water interface. This device provides us with a broad choice to generate droplets of different sizes and frequencies by modifying either the geometrical design or the flow rates.


Weediness of crops is one of the factors when choosing a method of basic tillage for individual crops and in crop rotation as a whole. The studies carried out in 2017-2019 in the conditions of the Republic of Mordovia indicate an insignificant effect of soil cultivation on the species composition of the weed component of the pea agrocenosis. The greatest species diversity is noted for the weeds of the Asteraceae, Yasnotkovye and Poa Grass families. To a greater extent, tillage affects the change in the population density of agrobiological groups of weeds and individual weed species. Disking and direct sowing contributed to an increase in the population density of wintering juvenile weeds to a greater extent. In terms of the plowing background, the greatest abundance was noted for early spring weeds. With an equal spectrum of species, the variants with zero and minimal tillage significantly exceeded plowing in terms of the number of rhizome species per unit area by 7-9 times. Direct sowing and disking contributed to an increase in the abundance of odorless three-ribbed peas (Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip), tenacious bedstraw Galium aparine L., field horsetail (Equiseeum arvense L.) Convolvulus arvensis L., bristly thistle (Cirsium setosum (Willd.) Besser.), White marie (Chenopodium album L.)


Since Blake issued his injunction 'To the Deists', readers have contested the
measure and the character of religion to assign British Romantic writing.
While perhaps not as pivotal as it once was to definitions of Romanticism,
religious faith remains a central issue in critical commentary, and seems to
impinge especially on qualitative responses to the Romantic achievement.
Thus the competing claims of Classical and Romantic art have generated
sharply negative accounts of the latter's spiritual designs, most famously in
T. E. Hulme's treatment of Romanticism as 'spilt religion'. By contrast, the
dialectics of Enlightenment and Romanticism sometimes yield more positive
treatments of Romantic faith as a return from excessive scepticism and
materialism. In this sense, the period chronology that authorizes a literary
history of Romanticism has religious implications. Romanticism becomes a
spiritual dispensation, an individual or coterie struggle to come to terms with
the eclipse of shared Christian doctrines. The rough narrative is familiar. A
corrosive phase of rational enquiry and sceptical critique (Enlightenment)
undermines the established articles of Christian faith, condemning a generation
or two of (Romantic) poets to contemplate the ruins of belief. Their
individual desires for renewed consecration or enchantment get articulated in
radically imperfect aesthetic, psychic and social forms. Romantic poetry is
fragmentary because it is conditioned by deteriorating systems of belief;
Romantic poetry is lyric and solipsistic because it solicits individual adherence
in the absence of a knowable community of believers.


The established method of PCR screen out the singleness infection sample.The cultivation of Babesia bovis in vitro was studied in this experiment.The results were shown that PCR test results showed effect was well and cultivation method of Babesia bovis in vitro could be established by conditions of the fresh blood which contained Babesia bovis,complete medium which contained 40% bovine serum and cultivation at 37 ℃ in 5% CO2.The cultivating Babesia bovis could be survived for 14 days and subcultured for 13 times.The maximum percentage of parasitemia was reached to 12.5% and average value of parasitemia was 4%.


The pulse wave velocity(PWV)known as one of important monitoring methods in crowd more can precisely reveal the occurrence of cardiovascular events.The brachia-ankle PWV(baPWV)is referred to cosmically epidemiological study in crowd.PWV is known as a vicarious mark of arteriosclerotic burden and an independent risk factor.Moreover,used for decision the therapeutic effect.Our study initially showed that PWV was only a mark of cardiovascular events and was not a predict end point.


Colorectal cancer (CRC) has disproportionately overburden Africans with advanced stage at diagnosis and higher mortality rate due in part to issues that include grossly inadequate resources for management and poor understanding of the pathobiology of the disease. Accumulating evidences support the effectiveness of Aspirin in prevention and inhibition of CRC occurrence and cellular growth respectively. The utilisation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based regimens which include folinic acid, 5-FU and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) combination in CRC management have not completely halt the distant recurrences and poor prognosis of CRC. In this study, we highlighted evidences that prove Aspirin plus FOLFOX to be promising alternative for clinical trial in Black men with CRC. Our study aims in this research were: to identify the expression pattern of BIRC7 in human CRC cells, SW480 cell line and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced CRC in rat; to determine the relationship between BIRC7 and BCL2, p53, PDL-1, MSH1, PMS2, DARC and Annexin V expression in CRC. to examine the efficacy of Aspirin plus neoadjuvant FOLFOX on the BIRC7 in CRC cells in-vivo in rat. Results show significant (P = 0.0001) expression of the BIRC7 in the CRC tissues compared to normal sections. When comparing this expression with Data from TCGA data bank, we observed a significant increase in BIRC7 expression in Caucasian than the Black and Indian and The expression pattern of the BIRC7 was significantly higher (P = 0.0001) in CRC not otherwise specified compared to mucinous CRC histology. The SW480 cell line show increased expression of the BIRC7 protein in-vitro. There was significant expression of the BIRC7 in the NMU-induced CRC cells compared the normal colonic lesion. There was increased expression of the BCL-2 and reduced expression of p53 in the human CRC cases and in the NMU-induced CRC cells model. There was increased expression of the Annexin V, absence of the MSH1, PMS2, PDL1 and DARC protiens in the CRC sections. Aspirin plus FOLFOX may serve as an important adjuvant treatment component for colorectal cancer metastasis and local recurrence in Blacks, Caucasian and Asians. There is need to explore the potential of Aspirin plus FOLFOX for clinical trial in colorectal cancer management in Blacks and other population using approach from our findings. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Faruk Mohammed, Sani Ibrahim, Sirajo Mohammed Aminu, Ahmed Adamu, Adamu Abdullahi, Abdulmumini Hassan Rafindadi, Yawale Iliyasu, John Idoko, Abdullahi Jubril Randawa, Mohammed Sani Shehu, Atara Ntekim, Abdullahi Mohammed, Aishatu Maude Suleiman, Yahaya Ukwenya, Khalid Zahir Shah, Ahmad Bello, Sani Abubakar, Kasimu Umar Adoke, Cheh Augustin Awasum, Ahmad Mai, Hussaini Yusuf Maitama, Dauda Maigatari. Aspirin plus FOLFOX for colorectal cancer management: A promising alternative for clinical trial in Africans with the disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 720.


An account of lower and upper integration is given. It is constructive in the sense of geometric logic. If the integrand takes its values in the non-negative lower reals, then its lower integral with respect to a valuation is a lower real. If the integrand takes its values in the non-negative upper reals, then its upper integral with respect to a covaluation and with domain of integration bounded by a compact subspace is an upper real. Spaces of valuations and of covaluations are defined. Riemann and Choquet integrals can be calculated in terms of these lower and upper integrals. This is a preprint version of the article published as – Mathematical Logic Quarterly 54 (1) (2008), pp. 109 - 123.


This paper presents an optimal design approach for a dual-active-bridge series resonant converter (DABSRC) based on frequency domain analysis. The proposed design technique ensures efficient performance of DABSRC over a wide range of voltage gain and load variations. The operating principle of the converter is detailed to illustrate both zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching operations during bidirectional power transfer. Modeling the current-dependent power loss components as an equivalent series resistance, the converter is analyzed in frequency domain to derive amplitude and phase of the state variables accurately. Performing the power loss analysis in a normalized form, the characteristic equations for bidirectional power transfer, tank current, converter efficiency, and ZVS criteria are derived. Using these characteristics, the design of DABSRC is formulated as an efficiency optimization problem. Particle swarm optimization technique is adopted to determine the optimal tank parameters and transformer turns-ratio. Converter performance is evaluated on a 120-W lab-prototype, and peak efficiency of 95.2% and California energy commission efficiency of 92.1% are achieved. Close agreement among analytical predictions, numerical simulation, and experimental results validate the proposed design technique.


Immunisation has been an important part of the health care of children in the UK since the introduction of vaccination against smallpox in the early 19th century. Many infectious diseases that were previously the most important causes of death and disability in childhood can now be prevented. In this article, the routine childhood immunisation programme is briefly described, and issues that may be particularly relevant to specific vulnerable groups of infants are highlighted


The integration of GPS and INS can overcome the defects of INS or GPS standalone systems, and benefits from the complementary characteristics of the two systems. Time synchronisation of GPS and INS data is crucial for such an integrated system to achieve an accurate solution. This paper describes progress on the development of a GPS/INS integrated system based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. It addresses the time synchronisation issue of the system, discusses timing accuracy and presents test results. The research is conducted under the Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information (CRC-SI) project 1.3 "Integrated Positioning and Geo-referencing Platform". The current work focuses on development of software and algorithms, and a FPGA-based GPS/INS data logging system. A preliminary version of the FPGA-based data logging system has been completed and further debugging and testing are underway. The system records the GPS and INS data onto a compact flash card. The data is then further processed by software for estimation of the INS errors via the integrated Kalman filter. The test results show that the FPGA-based data logging system has a timing resolution of 5.12µs and the timing accuracy can be better than 0.3ms in comparison with a commercial GPS/INS integrated system.


A back-to-back gear rig (12 000 ft/min maximum pitch-line velocity) was used to demonstrate various causes of high-speed gear vibrations with either straight spur or helical teeth, the transducers being four strain gauges mounted on the gear shaft. The primary cause of excitation is shown to be transmission errors in the straight spur case, but with helical teeth a variation in contact length is the prominent factor, with lateral movement of the resultant load as possibly the chief cause where the contact length is constant. Noticeable temperature effects were only experienced at the highest speeds; here the thickness of the oil film on the tooth face has a considerable effect on the tip relief, the modification becoming less as the temperature rose. Damping varied considerably (0·004 to 0·042 critical) between modes, and slightly with change in load, and therefore no overall damping factor could be taken for the rig; the average damping factor for the specific mode was used in each amplitude calculation....


Abstract In an earlier review of the literature dealing with executional effects in advertising (Percy 1983), an effort was made to integrate all of the relevant literature from psychology and other disciplines that was broadly applicable to communication, and hence to advertising. The follow-up review by Gelb, Hong and Zinkhan (1985) leaned more heavily upon literature more directly related to advertising, and that is the thrust of this review as well. Generally, this review is restricted to those articles appearing after 1984. Occasionally, however, a previously reviewed article may be mentioned because of its relevance to more recent work.


Objective
To investigate the sources of stress on entrepreneurship and employment of graduate nursing students from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and analyze its influencing factors and measures.

Methods
A questionnaire was designed from June to October in 2016. 82 students among 680 students who completed internship tasks from School of Nursing of Shandong University of TCM were randomly surveyed by random number table method. We statistically analyzed the survey data.

Results
Among all of the 82 students, 58.53% of them expected to obtain employment in a Triple-A Grade-III hospital. 21.95% of them expected to work in the colleges and universities. 52.44% of them selected to take up an occupation in major cities. Undergraduate graduates had greater pressure on entrepreneurship and employment. The main sources of stress were the factors of Chinese medicine institutions, individual factors, entrepreneurship and employment environment factors.

Conclusions
Undergraduate graduates have many sources of pressure on entrepreneurship and employment. It is necessary for the school and the employers to provide guidance on entrepreneurship and employment for nursing students in order to alleviate the pressure of entrepreneurship and employment and improve the quality of employment.

Key words:
Students, nursing; Undergraduate; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Source of stress on entrepreneurship and employment


PEMFC(polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell) is a promising solution for H₂ energy society. Especially, residential PEMFC system has been developed competitively for its relatively easier proliferation with existing natural gas supply network. We have developed 1㎾ residential PEMFC system with natural gas reformer and tested for its performance and endurability corroboratively.


Let p be an odd prime,the positive integer solutions situation of the Diophantine equation x3 -1 = 3py2 is studied. Using elementary theory of numbers methods,some sufficient conditions that the Diophantine equation has no integer solution has been proved.


Includes the following labels, with a covering letter from Ballins Industries in 1967, explaining that the brewery ceased brewing "some years ago":
Ballins Cloves compound cordial (2 copies)
Ballins milk shake flavourings : Lemon (2 copies)
Ballins lemon squash (3 copies)
Ballins flavoured cordial: Raspberry (2 copies)
Ballins Sarsaparilla compound cordial (2 copies)
Ballins Solo (2 copies)
Flavoured beverage: Lemon and Paeroa, the highest achievement of the mineral water bottlers art. Innes Tartan Ltd, authorised bottler, Ballins Industries Ltd, Christchurch (3 copies)
Also includes one label for a beer: Ballins Crystal Ale, 7% proof spirit. This likely dates from the early 1960s when the company was still brewing.
The labels were sent to collector Mr Edwards by Ballins Industries Ltd in 1967.
Quantity: 1 folder(s).
Physical Description: Offset prints on labels, sizes varying up to 143 mm.


Such touches give life to a book which is put together from fragmentary materials. These were despatches written for the New York Herald and the Baltimore Sun. They have been revised and in part rewritten, but in their preparation for the press there is lacking that general view of the Conference as a whole which would have added so much to the value of the book. The selection of documentary material included in lengthy appendices is excel lent and does much to remedy the impression of haste which characterizes the entire volume. The net result is a book which every student of the Conference will read with interest, but which cannot take the place of other books indispensable to a study of Far Eastern affairs. A. L. P. D e n n is .


Objective:To use pedicled rib flap for repair of the defect of tracheal side wall.Methods:17 patients underwent repair of tracheal side wall and tracheal reconstruction by pedicled rib flap. Results:There wasn't tracheal stricture in 15 patients after surgery. 2 patients with postoperative tracheal stricture were treated by expandable intraluminal stent.Conclusion:The technique using pedicled rib flap for repair of the defect of tracheal side wall is a simple, safe and effective procedure.


hysical education programs in American colleges and universities have a long and storied history. From the inception of such programs over 100 years ago, physical education courses for college students have been an enduring part of higher education. In the past century, we have seen the emergence of physical education, and more recently kinesiology and exercise science, as major fields of study. Yet the constant element in physical education programs throughout their history has been those courses offered for the general college student. These courses generally focus on the physical development and health needs of students, and they compose what have been called "activities programs," "general education programs," or "basic instruction programs," among others. Although the name of such a program may vary from one institution to another, for the purposes of this article, the term "basic instruction program" (BIP) will be used. Arguably, the BIP is generally recognized by students and faculty as the most prominent part of the physical education program on most college campuses. The nature and status of BIPs in physical education have evolved considerably throughout the years, and these programs continue to be of prime importance to many physical educators, particularly those in higher education. This interest in BIPs has led to at least 11 national studies of such programs since the 1950s (Fornia, 1959; Greene, 1955; FIunsicker, 1954; Miller, Dowell, & ?ender, 1989; Oxendine, 1961, 1969, 1972; Oxendine & Roberts, 1978; rrimble & Hensley, 1984, 1990, 1993) i s well as numerous papers on various ispects of the subject. As part of a TOPERD feature focusing on BIPs in Jhysical education, Lumpkin and [enkins (1993) provided a brief history of, and traced the significant trends in, these programs, and Evaul and Hilsendager (1993) discussed the major issues facing BIPs. Although the Surgeon General's report on physical activity and health (US . Department of Health and Human Services, 1996) has been viewed as a landmark document in promoting physical activity, health and physical education programs at all levels of education continue to struggle for their existence. As faculty and administrators strive to preserve and improve BIPs in physical education, information about contemporary practices and emerging trends is widely sought. In an effort to provide this needed information and to continue the periodic monitoring of physical education programs in higher education, this article will report the results of a 1998 survey that sought to determine the status and practices of BIPs in physical education at four-year colleges and universities in the United States.


Social media is a relatively new phenomenon that has had a huge impact in the way we communicate in recent years. Today it is used daily by almost everyone and has become a billion dollar industry ...


Use this Research Guide to find recommended books and other resources on Industrial Design. For research help, consult a librarian.


This study investigated the influence of eight-week bodily fitness and aerobic exercise interventions on psychological health of youths. The first 52-persons from110 subjects who were more anxious than others were determined. Subjects (M age = 20.28, 6; N = 52) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: bodily fitness, and aerobic and non experimental group. Classes met 1 hour, 3 days per week, for 8 weeks. Trait Anxiety scale of Spielberger was used to the individual. Pre and post-test were used to the test and non experimental groups. Findings were analysed with ANOVA and it revealed decreases in trait anxiety over the intervention. Both groups benefited from the physical exercise intervention and there was no difference between the two groups. Physical exercise is of key importance to mitigating youth trait anxiety.


This paper provides an overview of blade coating systems with applications to thin-film liquid coating of paper and board. The paper will focus on the more modern pressurized pond application systems. The flow instabilities in the pond and air entrainment at the dynamic contact line will be discussed in more detail. In particular, the three-dimensional behavior of the flow in the pond and at the blade will be discussed.


Objective: To observe clinical effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) combined with drugs in the treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and the influence on VAS scale and vertebral compression rate. Method: Altogether 82 patients were allocated into the control group and the observation group by the sequence of visiting. The control group accepted surgical treatment with PVP, the observation group were also administered with TCM on the foundation of the therapy given to the control group. Clinical effects, VAS scale and vertebral compression rate in both groups were observed in three months. Result: Effective rate of pain alleviation in the observation group was 95.12%, remarkably higher than 75.61% of the control group(P0.05); VAS scales at different times and vertebral compression rate after treating were lower than those indexes before treating in both groups(P0.05), and VAS scales in three months and 12 months in the observation group after treating were lower than those of the control group remarkably(P0.05). Conclusion: PVP and TCM for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture could rapidly relieve the pain of the patients, significantly decrease VAS scale and recover vertebral height.


(l t)e, where the additional 1 + dlog 2 (l t)e term comes from the transformation. Finally, if the resulting parameters of (P 00 ; V 00) satisfy the conditions stated in Theorem 3, then we get that the language L is in BPP NP. Let us provide full details for the special (yet important) case of one sided error (i.e., c = 0). In the special case of one-sided error, we end up using Theorem 3 for an interactive proof with knowledge complexity k + log 2 l + dlog 2 (l t)e and (one-sided) error probability s t. Thus, we get the following theorem for statistical knowledge complexity: Theorem 4 Suppose that a language L has an interactive proof of statistical knowledge complexity k(n), one-sided error probability s (n), and with length l(n) so that there exists a polynomial p(n) for which the following inequality holds 1 2 2 k(n) l(n) 2 l log 2 l(n) k(n) m s (n) d(log 2 l(n))=k(n)e + 1 p(n) Theorem 3 If a language L has an interactive proof with perfect knowledge complexity k(n) and error probabilities (s ; c) and if there exists a polynomial p(n) such that (1 ? c (n)) 2 2 ?k(n) > s (n) + 1 p(n) then L 2 BPP NP. Examples: Theorem 3 implies, for example, that if a language L has an interactive proof of knowledge complexity 1 and error probability 1=4 (both in the soundness condition and in the completeness condition), then L is in BPP NP. Another interesting example is the case of one-sided error (i.e., c = 0). Theorem 3 implies that for any polynomial p(), if a language L has a one-sided error interactive proof (P; V) of knowledge complexity at most log 2 p() 2 and error probability s 1 p() , then L is in BPP NP. B.2 The general (statistical) case Unfortunately, the analogue result for statistical knowledge complexity is not as clean, and has various diierent formulations according to possible properties of the error probabilities. Let us explain how such a result can be obtain, and give a speciic example for the special case in which c = 0, i.e., the original interaction has one-sided error. Recall that the proof for the negligible error-probability case uses the transformation from statistical to perfect knowledge complexity and then uses Theorem 1. This transformation increases the knowledge complexity …


Introduction ▼ An aneurysm is a sac formed by localized dilatation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart and the most common site is the abdominal aorta (Dorland's Medical Dictionary, 32nd Edition, Elsevier, 2013) and is differentiated from an intra-abdominal umbilicalveinvarixthatmaybeseenasacyst-likestructurein the fetal upper abdomen with venous flow on color Doppler interrogation.Thetermumbilicalvarixisdefinedasbeingmore than 9 mm or with a ratio of more than 50 % between the dilated andamoredistalnormal intra-abdominalportionof thevein (Radiopedia.org, 2014). Fetal vascular ectasia on the other handisdefinedasvasculardistensiontoatleastfourtimesthe diameter of an adjacent muscular vessel of similar caliber (MM. Parast et al. Hum Pathol. 2008; 39: 948–953). Ectasia can expand to aneurysm size over time. True cysts of the umbilical cord originate from embryonic remnants, such as the allantois or omphalomesenteric duct, and their characteristic histological feature is the presence of an epithelial lining and they have a similar ultrasound appearance to pseudocysts. Therefore, prenatal differentiationmaybedifficult.Ingeneral,abnormalitiesofthe fetal umbilical vessels are rare, and aneurysmal dilatation of the umbilical vein in particular is an uncommon vascular anomaly that can only be detected prenatally by detailed ultrasound examination of the umbilical cord (W. Sepulveda. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol; 13: 157–60). This lesion is associated with increased fetalmorbidity andmortality.Owing to its three-dimensional structure, thorough inspection of the umbilical cord remains a challengingtask,butaneurysmandvarixofumbilicalvesselsare potentiallylife-threateningtothefetus.Nevertheless,withaccurate prenatal diagnosis, antenatal intervention may be possible and fetal death averted with timely delivery (O. Shen et al. JUltrasoundMed.2007;26:251–253).Wereportacaseofintra- andextraabdominal aneurysmal dilatation of the umbilical vein Pränatale Diagnose und Management eines Feten mit großem, gedeckt perforiertem Aneurysma der Nabelvene mit intra-und extraabdominellen Anteil


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the research paradigms of contemporary knowledge management studies in the past decade using citation and co‐citation analysis.Design/methodology/approach – Research in any academic area often clusters into informal networks that focus on common questions in common ways, and the accumulated knowledge often flows between members of these networks, revealed in patterns of citations. The research paradigms of a given field can be identified by analyzing corresponding knowledge flows and citation and co‐citation process. The methods used in the study include citation analysis, co‐citation analysis, and social network analysis.Findings – The paper draws an intellectual map of knowledge flows between knowledge management scholars. Key research themes and concepts as well as their relationships in the field of knowledge management are identified.Research limitations/implications – An in‐depth analysis of the relationships between knowledge management research and...


A rare case of Schwannoma of Vagus nerve in Parapharyngeal Space was admitted in Otolaryngology department of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Schwannoma is a rare tumor in the Parapharyngeal Space.  The   patient was a 32 yr old male with  chief complaints of difficulty in swallowing and swelling in the neck since last 4 years. On examination there was a firm swelling on right side of neck and uvula was deviated towards Left Side. On CT & MRI examination a heterogenous mass was seen in Parapharyngeal space. The case was diagnosed as a case of vagal schwannoma in parapharyngeal space. The tumor was surgically excised. Histopathological Examination revealed the Tumor as Schwannoma.  Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(2) 2015 100-103


The Channel Frequency Response (CFR) is an important parameter in the specification of Power Line Communications (PLC) equipment. In this paper, low voltage indoor power cables are investigated and their suitability for PLC operation determined. This is done in terms of their Channel Frequency Response (CFR). Cable parameters such as inductance, capacitance, resistance, length and termination are investigated up to 100 MHz. This work shows cable length and load impedance are the primary factors affecting CFR behavior. Long cables (in the 100's of meters) and low load impedances — lower that the cable characteristic impedance (few Q) can dramatically limit the bandwidth of the CFR. Variances in geometry, dielectric and resistance are only secondary effects and do not affect CFR as drastically as length and load impedance.


We examine the performance consequences of managerial discretion when compensation payoffs are interdependent – that is, rewards or penalties awarded to some employees cause others to miss out on them. Using proprietary data from a company that awards monthly rewards and penalties, we find evidence of a nominal and an opportunity effect associated with managerial discretion overriding objective performance measures. The former refers to performance consequences associated with workers that received rewards or penalties due to managerial discretion. The latter refers to performance consequences associated with workers that would have received rewards or penalties in absence of managerial discretion. In further tests, we examine two potential explanations for these performance consequences. Our findings provide important insights for the design of incentive systems involving managerial discretion.


This paper analyzes landcover in the Amazon using local fractal dimensions in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data compared to SAR and Thematic Mapper (TM) brightness information. To improve SAR data classification accuracy, we apply local fractal dimensions to classifying water areas in the Amazon.SAR, unlike TM, cannot distinguish water types. Local fractal dimensions in SAR data classify two landcover classes-varzea and others-that SAR brightness information cannot classify. Local fractal dimensions also extract detailed landcover at data acquisition more accurately than TM brightness information. The estimation ratio of the water-1 & water-2 in two study sites is about 34.2% using local fractal dimensions in SAR data.


In the last six years, the Fluorescence Detector (FD) of the Auger Observatory has been exploited for the study of transient luminous events occuring high above thunderstorms at large distances (250 to more than 1000 km) from the Observatory. The first ELVES candidate was discovered during a night shift in 2005, and further studies based on auxiliary subtriggers allowed to modify the third level trigger of the observatory in order to acquire them with reasonable efficiency. This report aims to briefly review the studies underway on the >4000 ELVES triggers harvested in the years 2013-18 by the Observatory.


The invention discloses a lock and a portable electronic device. The lock is used for latching a first shell and a second shell of the portable electronic device and comprises a first magnetic assembly, an electromagnetic sheet, an electromagnetic lock module and a second magnetic assembly, wherein the first magnetic assembly is arranged in the first shell in a way of being capable of moving in a first direction; the electromagnetic sheet is arranged in the second shell in a way of being capable of moving in a second direction; the electromagnetic lock module is arranged in the second shell and is used for magnetizing the electromagnetic sheet, thus the electromagnetic sheet can move in the second direction and can be adsorbed to the first magnetic assembly when the second shell is closed with the first shell, and the electromagnetic sheet and the first magnetic assembly can be fixedly arranged at a locking position; and the second magnetic assembly is arranged in the first shell in a way of being capable of moving in the first direction and is used for electrically contacting the electromagnetic sheet when moving to a first trigger position, thus the electromagnetic lock module can stop magnetizing the electromagnetic sheet, and the adsorption between the electromagnetic sheet and the first magnetic assembly can be released. According to the lock and the portable electronic device, disclosed by the invention, data in a laptop computer can be protected.


The kinetic analysis was carried out for the thermal degradation of commercial rubbers such as NR, IR, BR, SBR, 1500, and SBR 1700 with the intention fo establishing a recovery process based on the relation between the process variables and the yield of pyrolytic oil. The activateon energies and reaction orders of NR, IR BR, SBR, 1500, and SBR 1700 were calculated using conventional kinetic models. When considering the effect of the final temperature on thermal degradation, it was shown that the yield of pylytic oil. generally increased with the increase of final temperature. When considering the effect of the heating rate, it was found that the yield of pyrolytic oil. was not consistent for each sample. The pyrolytic oil was analyzed for the components, benzene, toluene, styrene, ethylbenzene, other benzene derivatives and polycyclic compounds using GC-MDS. And it was conisted of about 50 organic compounds. The colorific value of the rubber-derived oil was about 40 kJ/g, high enough to be used as a fuel.


The utility model relates to a cushion special for wound-surface flushing-negative-pressure closure drainage, comprising a drainage tube, a flushing tube and a medical foam material, wherein the drainage tube comprises an external drainage tube and a built-in drainage tube, the built-in drainage tube is partly or wholly enwrapped in the medical foam material and a plurality of side holes for drainage are opened on the tube wall of the built-in drainage tube, the front end of the external drainage tube is detachably connected with the built-in drainage tube by a drainage joint arranged on the outer surface of the medical foam material, the back end of the external drainage tube is connected with a negative pressure source; the front segment of the flushing tube is built in the external drainage tube, the back end of the flushing tube is led out from a through hole opened on the tube wall of the external drainage tube. The all-in-one produced external drainage tube and the front segment of the flushing tube passing through the drainage tube are detachably connected with the foam material by the drainage joint. The cushion not only flushes the wound surface but also simultaneously performs the negative-pressure drainage, increases the fluidity of the wound-surface exudate and the sphacelus, quickly clears up the wound-surface inflammatory matter and reduces the drainage tube blockage phenomenon due to dressing pollution by the pus or sphacelus or high vacuum dehydrating in the drainage tube.


Eutomostethus deqingensis damages banboo, one generation a year, mature larva turn to pre-pupa before overwinter in the soil. It starts to emerge in first 10 day, but the peak-period is in second 10 day of May, It lay the eggs in third 10 day of May, During the third 10 day of June, the larva goes down the tree into the soil for over-winter.


The aim of this thesis is to discuss selected parts of cataloguing both from a practical and a theoretical viewpoint. It presents the basic grounds for cataloguing of printed as well as non-pri ...


To improve the quality of the educational process for students majoring in Electromechanical systems of automation and electric drive at Zaporizhzhya National Technical University test machine computer control of manipulator M10P SCADA TRACE MODE system via OPC-server , USB port on your computer and controllers of VIPA was developed. It is possible to increase professional knowledge and skills to work with modern equipment of leading companies. Actuality of modernization, technical description of the stand are given. Stand consists of: mechanical manipulator parts, electrical and pneumatic drives, controllers, position sensor , control panels and computer. The block diagram of the stand, the software features of SCADA system TRACE MODE are shown, the user interface is designed as well as methods of laboratory work are given. The more detailed information as to the arm automatic mode control (setting to zero position. Cycle work ) is presented. The possibility for data encoder to track the movements of the hand pointing in panel desktop user interface is shown.


The characteristic times and their distributions of a fluorescent 4,4′-bis[(N-carbazole)styryl]biphenyl-based organic light-emitting diode (OLED) were studied using impedance spectroscopy. The four defined characteristic times (transit time, recombination time, trapping time, and ac characteristic time) and their dc bias dependences were obtained from the frequency dependence of capacitance. The trapped carrier density distribution in the time domain was revealed from the voltage dependence of the OLED. The relative value of each characteristic time is suggested to play an important role in determining the profile of the frequency- and voltage-dependent capacitance of OLEDs.


The coupling between the spin degrees of freedom and the orbital angular momentum has a profound effect on the properties of nuclei, atoms and condensed matter systems. Recently, synthetic gauge fields have been realized experimentally in neutral cold atom systems, giving rise to a spin-orbit coupling term with "strength" $k_{\text{so}}$. This paper investigates the interplay between the single-particle spin-orbit coupling term of Rashba type and the short-range two-body $s$-wave interaction for cold atoms under external confinement. Specifically, we consider two different harmonically trapped two-atom systems. The first system consists of an atom with spin-orbit coupling that interacts with a structureless particle through a short-range two-body potential. The second system consists of two atoms that both feel the spin-orbit coupling term and that interact through a short-range two-body potential. Treating the spin-orbit term perturbatively, we determine the correction to the ground state energy for various generic parameter combinations. Selected excited states are also treated. An important aspect of our study is that the perturbative treatment is not limited to small $s$-wave scattering lengths but provides insights into the system behavior over a wide range of scattering lengths, including the strongly-interacting unitary regime. Our perturbative results are confirmed by numerical calculations that expand the eigenfunctions of the two-particle Hamiltonian in terms of basis functions that contain explicitly correlated Gaussians.


The utility model provides a two -way reversible medical skin subtracts a closer, it includes two left and right base plates that horizontal symmetry set up, the fixed left and right pawl that sets up on left and right base plate abutting end respectively to and with the mode one end that sets up side by side from top to bottom respectively with the left and right rack of left and right pawl looks rigid coupling, the ratchet of left and right rack slopes to left and right base plate orientation respectively, and the other end of left and right rack passes the below of the right side, left pawl and the ratchet looks lock that sets up with the right side, left pawl lower part respectively, it is used for left and right base plate to fix the adhesive layer on human skin surface to be provided with in the bottom surface that lies in left and right base plate, the utility model discloses can dual equilibrium exert oneself, can also freely adjust the closed degree that subtracts a ware simultaneously.


Two admission control algorithms are proposed for TD-SCDMA system.The successful admission probability,the lost call probability and the quality of service etc.are analyzed by the means of simulation.One of the above is used in the current development of the product by considering many factors.


Criminal procedure law of the People's Republic of China prescribed victim the status of procedure, and gave them more procedural rights. But it's insufficient. It's important to give them more procedural rights, e.g. right of appeal.


227Background: Adults with cancer face complex treatment choices and symptom burden that impact their quality of life. Goals of palliative care (PC) are to reduce symptom burden and improve quality...


Using the result 'every sequence of real numbers has a monotone subsequence' we prove: If a bounded sequence has unequal lim sup and lim inf, then it has at least two monotone (convergent) subsequences whose range sets are disjoint; (B. W. theorem) Every bounded sequence has a convergent subsequence, and R is a complete space under usual metric on R. From these we obtain easy proofs of (B. W. theorem): Every bounded sequence in a Euclidean space has a convergent subsequence, and every Euclidean space is complete.


His name was Martin, and he claimed to be a visitor from another planet. Of course, even Cathy and George didn't believe him at first, but he did have an odd way of staring at you and then there was his habit of squeezing into very small places, his occasional green glow and they way he bounced.


The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue have experienced a busier than normal evening due to the flash rainstorm earlier (4 Aug 2012) Fire crews were ...


Three photovoltaic (PV) water-pumping systems were analyzed to develop techniques for optimizing system efficiencies. Centrifugal pumps driven by DC motors were operated from PV arrays with the same maximum power rating: one direct-coupled to a fixed array; another direct-coupled to a passive sun tracking array; and a third with a fixed array and operating with a maximum power point tracker (MPPT). Performance was monitored and compared for different head profiles and array series-parallel configurations. Tracking arrays can improve performance of direct-coupled systems over fixed arrays more than the insolation enhancement. Systems incorporating a MPPT perform optimally for a variety of array configurations.<<ETX>>


Large offshore wind farms using high voltage direct current transmission system (HVDC) have been considered and exploited in many countries in the world. The maintenance of the stable operation of wind farm and interconnected system is an important issue, especially in the case of fault. To ensure the stable operation after fault clearance, the PCC voltage must be restored as soon as possible and meet the grid code requirement. This paper will evaluate the PCC voltage recovery ability of a large offshore wind farm as it is connected to a weak grid via a VSC-HVDC .


Based on further study theory of TRIZ for solving technical contradiction,it is concluded that technology and physical contradictions can be converted into each other.In solving contradiction process of technology system,it is proposed to transform technology contradictions into physical contradictions,which may help grasp the Essential Feature of contradiction to make Ideas more clearly by the use of improved model.Concerning the serious weariness caused by tiny materials being squeezed into the bearing block of the screw conveyor,an innovation plan to replace disk flange by a horseshoe flange has been proposed through applying comprehensively the separation principle and innovation principle in order to convert the technical contradictions into physical contradictions,which has solved the problem effectively.


This invention provides a process for producing a float plate glass having a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm. In a bushing or a glass material melting furnace, located at a position upstream of a position at which the width of a glass ribbon is regulated by a top roll, a surface layer part of a molten glass base material is allowed to flow from within the furnace.


In this paper, cultured techniques of Bulgaria inquinans was discussed under different culture mediums,and light, temperature etc., which also showed it could be reproduced and expanded by liquids, and cultured productive process could be omitted simultaneously.


Habitat destruction and land use change are among the anthropogenic influences affecting many ecosystems. Sandpit mining often restricts grassland plant restoration efforts due to the abioticially stressed mine substrate, a lack of viable plant symbionts, and disrupted multi–trophic interactions in soil food webs. Recently excavated sandpits can be ameliorated with soil amendments and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculum to address these degraded substrate conditions, potentially improving plant performance and accelerating soil food web development. This dissertation describes the results of a multi–year grassland restoration project established in southern Ontario that optimized industrial–scale grassland restoration protocol in post–extraction sandpits. This research tested the effect of soil amendment rate (municipal compost, biochar) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inoculum (Rhizophagus irregularis) in a grassland plant plug trial and a seed application trial. In the plant plug trial, the multi–year effects of the experimental treatments on plant growth, AM fungal colonization of roots, soil microbial biomass (i.e. bacteria and fungi) and soil animal abundance (i.e. nematodes, Collembola, and mites) were explored over two growing seasons. In the plant plug trial, 20 T ha−1 (tons hectare−1) of compost mixed with a low rate of biochar (10 T ha−1) yielded the largest positive effect on total plant biomass, microbial community biomass, and soil animal abundance after two growing seasons. AM fungal inoculation did not influence total plant biomass or soil food web development during this trial. In the seed application trial, the multi–year effects of increasing rates of compost and biochar (0 T ha−1 to 40 T ha−1) were explored for total plant cover over three growing seasons. AM fungal inoculation combined with high rates of compost (20 T ha−1 and 40 T ha−1) and biochar (20 T ha−1 and 40 T ha−1) resulted in the highest plant cover over three growing seasons compared to controls. Our results indicate that: (1) co–amending mine substrates with compost, biochar, and AM fungal inoculum are practical land management tools that improve grassland plant growth while increasing soil food web development, (2) AM fungal inoculum increases plant cover when applying seed with high rates of compost + biochar, and (3) amending post–mine substrates with biochar as a solitary amendment may increase biotic stress in the sandpit environment during restoration. I suggest that restoration practitioners emphasize soil community development in tandem with plant community growth when restoring sandpits to maximize restoration success.


A new method of biometric identity verification using images of fingers (contact-less sensing) is presented. The method utilizes ridge orientation along lines between easily and reliably extracted key points and bispectral invariant features from the ridge orientation profiles. Rotation is corrected in the pre-processing stage after extraction of key points. Robustness to translation and scale are incorporated in the feature extraction. The method does not rely on minutiae extraction and has potential for feature fusion from multiple fingers for improved performance. A radial basis function Support Vector Machine is trained to perform each identity verification. Results were obtained using 1341 index finger images from 41 individuals with 10-fold cross validation. The system shows about 12% misses at a setting of 1% false alarms and the classification accuracy of the fused system is 92.99%. The performance can be improved with the use of multiple fingers. The proposed methodology can facilitate high traffic, soft identity verification in busy premises such as shopping centres with presentation of the hand as a person walks through.


Background and Purpose— Ischemic stroke (IS) is a complex disease that involves genetic and environmental factors. In a family-based study (the Genetic Analysis of Idiopathic Thrombophilia [GAIT] Project) that included a genome-wide scan, we demonstrated that a common polymorphism (46 C→T) in the exon 1 of the F12 gene jointly influences variability of plasma Factor XII levels and susceptibility to thrombotic disease. We have investigated the risk of IS related to this polymorphism in a case–control study. Methods— We studied 436 individuals: 205 diagnosed with IS and 231 age–gender–ethnic control subjects. We measured Factor VIIIc, fibrinogen, and Factor XIIc levels, and we genotyped the 46 C→T polymorphism in the F12 gene. Results— There were 91 women and 114 men in the IS group and 109 women and 122 men in the control group. We confirmed our previous observation that individuals with different genotypes for the 46 C→T polymorphism showed significant differences in Factor XIIc levels. Most importantly, the mutated T allele in the homozygous state (genotype T/T) was associated with an increased risk of IS with an adjusted odds ratio of 4.1 (95% CI, 1.1 to 15.9). Conclusions— This study suggests that the 46 C→T polymorphism is a genetic risk factor for IS in the Spanish population. In addition, our results confirm that the use of genetic linkage studies along with a case–control association study is an extremely valuable approach for identifying DNA variants that affect complex diseases.


Theoretical calculations up to MP2/6–31G** with BSSE correction are carried out on a series of A–H⋯H–B dihydrogen bonds (A = B, Li, Be; B = N, C).


Provided are a micro-carbon fertilizer for decreasing the amount of chemical fertilizer, increasing both the quality and yield of crops, and improving soil, and a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the formulation composition of the micro-carbon fertilizer by mass percent is: 35-50% of micro-carbon (abbreviation for micromolecular water-soluble carbohydrates) with a particle size of 80-200 μm, 10-20% of amino acids, 15-25% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and 5-40% of potassium sulfate. The preparation process is as follows: raw materials: humic acid, amino acids, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate; biodegrading raw materials: degrading humic acid into micro-carbon; placing semi-finished products into a jar: extracting the micro-carbon with a particle size of 80-200 μm according to quality standards, and placing same into a jar for storage; formulating and mixing ingredients; and checking and finishing the product. The use of micro-carbon can not only provide nutrients and energy, but can also improve the function of the soil. Where the amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced by 30%-50%, an improvement in the soil and an increase of above 30% in the quality and yield of the crops are realized.


The vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is the world's most endangered cetacean and has experienced a 60% reduction in the size of its population in the past decade. Knowledge of its basic ecology is essential for developing successful management plans to protect and conserve this species. In this study, we identified vaquita foraging areas by creating an isoscape of the Upper Gulf of California (UGC) based on sediment and zooplankton carbon (dC) and nitrogen (dN) isotope values. Our results confirm that this species is confined to the western region of the UGC, which is characterized by relatively high dN values (sediments: 10.2& 6 2.0&, zooplankton: 15.8& 6 1.3&), higher sea surface temperatures ( 168C–258C), higher concentrations of silt in sediments, and the highest turbidity. In contrast, the eastern region of the UGC had relatively low sediment (7.7& 6 2.4&) and zooplankton (14.6& 6 1.0&) dN values, and the highest concentrations of sand in sediments. Our approach is an effective use of marine isoscapes over a small spatial scale (<200 km) to identify the environmental characteristics that define the critical habitat for an extremely endangered marine mammal.


This application report describes the implementation of a Class 1 energy measurement system that uses the TMCS1100 Hall-effect current sensors for compact, isolated current sensing. To obtain precise power and energy calculations, a ADS131M08 delta-sigma ADC, LM27762 charge pump, and a metrology caclulation microcontroller are used along with the TMCS1100. This application report includes the necessary information with regard to the hardware for this implementation and the accuracy results obtained from this implementation.


A laser has been constructed in which a neodymium-doped glass slab forms the core region of a single-mode optical dielectric waveguide. The observed laser output is in a single, spatially coherent, transverse mode, which is characteristic of the waveguide structure, and has a diffraction-limited beamwidth.


Trade-off between performance and overhead of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) in cognitive radio Networks (CRNs) still attracts researchers' attention. In this paper, novel energy efficient strategies are proposed for the centralized CSS systems using hard decision fusion rules. The strategies considerably minimize the number of collaborating cognitive radios (CRs) required for the CSS system, increase the energy efficiency and satisfy the detection requirements. The simulation results shows the optimality of k out of N-Rule over both OR and AND-Rules in terms of energy efficiency and spectrum utilization.


An undirected graph H is called a minor of the graph G if H can be formed from G by deleting edges and vertices and by contracting edges. If G does not have a graph H as a minor, then we say that G is H-free. Hadwiger conjecture claim that the chromatic number of G may be closely related to whether it contains Kn+1 minors. To study the color of a Kn+1-free G, we propose a new concept of reducible partition of vertex set VG of G. A reducible partition of a graph G with Kn minors and without Kn+1 minors is defined as a two-tuples {S1 ⊆ VG, S2 ⊆ VG} which satisfy the following condisions: (a) S2 is dominated by S1, (b) the induced graph G [S1] is a forest, (c) the induced graph G [S2] is Kn-free. We will show that the reducible partition always exist and it can be used for study the color of G.


Objective To study the effects of microRNA-34a-5p on erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. Methods K562 cells were transfected with the microRNA-34a-5p mimics and antisense inhibitors specifically targeting microRNA-34a-5p,respectively. The effects of over-expression or knocking-down of microRNA-34a-5p were examined by Quantitative RT-PCR. Flow cytometry was performed to detect specific surface marker of erythroid cells.The benzidine staining assay was used to access the differentiation of K562 cells. Western blot was performed to detect miRNA targets. Results microRNA-34a-5p was down-regulated at the early stage of K562 erythroid differentiation. Over-expression of microRNA-34a-5p in K562 cells attenuates erythroid differentiation,in contrast,inhibition of microRNA-34a-5p accelerates erythroid pheotypes in K562 cells. c-MYB was found to be the direct target of microRNA-34a-5p in erythroid cells. Conclusions microRNA-34a-5p regulates early erythroid differentiation of K562 cells via repressing c-MYB.


If ethical governance is narrowly defined as the constant attempts by national or regional governments to legitimize themselves through the emphasis on establishing a clean and honest civil service, anti-corruption is one of the major indicators of shaping it. Other indicators embrace the emphasis on accountability and transparency, media scrutiny on the government, and the moral behavior of civil servants. In the context of Greater China, encompassing Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macao, the question of ethical governance has often been linked to anti-corruption. The objective of this paper is to compare anti-corruption and ethical governance in the regional governments of Hong Kong and Macao with that in the national government of the People's Republic of China (PRC).


CryptoBook is an online, encrypted journal that allows users to securely store notes, journal posts, and ideas. Through encrypting content, plaintext tags and titles, a rich text editor, and a simple sharing scheme, users can conveniently write securely online and keep their content private from attackers, the government, eavesdroppers, and other uninvited readers. Each CryptoBook user has a journal in which posts can be written. Posts are encrypted clientside with AES-256 using a custom, personal cipher key before being stored in the server. Keys are stored neither in local storage nor in the server's database, offering complete security of users' posts but requiring users to remember their passwords in order to decrypt the data contents. Notes are further authenticated through the use of HMACs to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks and database tampering. CryptoBook also allows users to share notes with selected users through RSAOAEP public-key encryption. Shared notes are digitally signed to validate the integrity of shared posts. Additionally, CryptoBook employs a number of additional security mechanisms to ensure complete confidentiality and authenticity of users' private posts including bcrypt to protect users from bruteforce attacks, CSRF tokens to prevent unauthorized actions, and SSL ceritficates to ensure secure connections.