The use of special conductive clothing during transmission line maintenance work on the passive side of a double-circuit line can protect the worker in the event of an accident. Recently, methods have been developed for the testing of such clothing, including annual inspections. However, the resistance of certain parts of the clothing (e.g. gloves) can be greatly increased due to wearing. Our investigations have extended to a more detailed study of conductive gloves, using a garment-body model and assuming induced current switching, we present the results of different scenarios. The study suggests that, in the event of an accident, some currents can flow through the human body depending on which part of the worker's clothing is touching the wire.


Considering that the baselines of scores are often different in various classes or course groups, standard score is used to denote as evaluation foundation avoiding subjectivity of the conventional teaching evaluation methods. And then, we cluster the evaluation matrix into specified-number clusters using FCM. Experimental results have verified the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed methods.


The present invention relates to functional cosmetics containing the antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects and whitening effects of an extract improved method of producing wild ginseng cells, the wild ginseng Wild ginseng cell and the electric cells prepared in the electrical method, as an active ingredient. Production method of the wild ginseng cells of the present invention includes the steps of the tooth shape on the solid medium for callus induction with wild ginseng under dark conditions, induce callus (callus); Insert the induced calli on callus suspension culture broth for, by shake culture until the total sugar content of the liquid medium is electricity is 25%, the method comprising culturing the callus in the form of a single cell; Adding a precursor of the electrical sense to the medium of the cultured callus sitter (elicitor) and saponin; And, by shaking culturing the callus until it runs out of the sugars of the precursor of the electric capacitors and a point of saponin added medium, and a step of obtaining a wild ginseng cells. When using the method of ginseng cells of the present invention, since the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effect and whitening effect can be produced excellent ginseng cells it could be widely used in the development of various types of ginseng and other cosmetic products. Wild ginseng cells, antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory effect, whitening effect


What is sovereignty? Was it ceded to the Crown in the Treaty of Waitangi? If land was unjustly confiscated over a century ago, should it be returned? Is an ecosystem valuable in itself, or only because of its value to people? Does a property right entail a right to destroy? Can collectives (such as tribes) bear moral responsibility? Do they have moral rights? If so, what are the implications for the justice system? These questions are essentially philosophical, yet all thoughtful New Zealanders will be keen to see them discussed clearly, rigorously, and dispassionately. This book gathers together essays by eminent philosophers on some of these problems. All of them are New Zealanders or have connections with this region. The problems which this book addresses on aspects of justice and ethics are of concern to all New Zealanders. Students of law, Maori studies, philosophy, politics, and history will find it particularly helpful.


BACKGROUND: International consensus on best practices for calculating and reporting vestibular function is lacking. Quantitative vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain using a video head impulse test (HIT) device can be calculated by various methods. OBJECTIVE: To compare different gain calculation methods and to analyze interactions between artifacts and calculation methods. METHODS: We analyzed 1300 horizontal HIT traces from 26 patients with acute vestibular syndrome and calculated the ratio between eye and head velocity at specific time points (40 ms, 60 ms) after HIT onset ('velocity gain'), ratio of velocity slopes ('regression gain'), and ratio of area under the curves after de-saccading ('position gain'). RESULTS: There was no mean difference between gain at 60 ms and position gain, both showing a significant correlation (r2 = 0.77, p < 0.001) for artifact-free recordings. All artifacts reduced high, normal-range gains modestly (range –0.06 to –0.11). The impact on abnormal, low gains was variable (depending on the artifact type) compared to artifact-free recordings. CONCLUSIONS: There is no clear superiority of a single gain calculation method for video HIT testing. Artifacts cause small but significant reductions of measured VOR gains in HITs with higher, normal-range gains, regardless of calculation method. Artifacts in abnormal HITs with low gain increased measurement noise. A larger number of HITs should be performed to confirm abnormal results, regardless of calculation method.


Based on Kalman filtering and one-step prediction theory, the mathematical model of the algorithm was established. A quasi-linear azimuth prediction algorithm in application to carrier electro-optical tracker was put forward. And the emulational results for different moving targets were given. The results illustrate that the tracking accuracy is better. It can meet with the tracking prediction requirements of the electro-optical tracker when the carrier gun is firing and the tracking target is losing


Background The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a substantial socioeconomic impact, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Purpose(s)/objective(s) This study aimed to describe the COVID-19-related out-of-pocket spending of Indonesian citizens and the proportion of whom experienced catastrophic health spending during the COVID-19 pandemic using the patient's perspective. Methodology We conducted a rapid cross-sectional online survey across provinces in Indonesia to capture participants' experiences due to COVID-19. Data were collected between September 23rd to October 7th of 2021 including demographics, income, and expenditures. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the respondents' characteristics. Patients's perspective of total cost was estimated from out-of-pocket of COVID-19 direct costs and compared them to total expenditure. If the proportion of COVID-19 total costs exceeded 40% of the total expenditure, the respondents were deemed to have faced catastrophic costs. Results A total of 1,859 respondents answered the questionnaire. The average monthly income and expenditure of respondents were 800 USD, and 667 USD respectively. The monthly expenditure was categorized into food expenditure (367 USD) and non-food expenditure (320 USD). The average of COVID-19-related monthly expenditure was 226 USD, including diagnostic expenditure (36 USD), preventive expenditure (58 USD), medical expenditure (37 USD for COVID-19 treatment; and 57 USD for post-COVID-19 medical expenses), and non-medical expenditure (30 USD). Analysis showed that 18.6% of all respondents experienced catastrophic costs while 38.6% of the respondents who had COVID-19 treatment experienced catastrophic costs. Conclusion The high proportion of catastrophic costs among respondents suggests the need for COVID-19 social protection, especially for COVID-19 diagnostic and prevention costs. The survey findings have led the government to increase the benefit coverage other than medical costs at the hospitals.


The studies undertaken at the Laboratory for Research of Historical Monuments aim at getting a better knowledge of the environment of ornamented caves and a better understanding of their climatic, geological, and hydrogeological parameters. Two directions are defined: the one, toward theoretical studies and, to cite the environment of the Font de Gaume cave, the general conditions of conservation of the prehistoric paintings of the Tete du Lion cave; the other, toward interventions and maintenance problems such as the elimination of graffitti. The Lascaux cave is a concrete example of a synthesis of those two directions. In this case, theoretical studies and interventions have taken place since 1963, when the cave was closed to the public and research started on the conservation of this monument.


The author summarizes the Consultative Committee for Telephony and Telegraphy (CCITT) quality-of-service activities, discusses the approach followed during the most recent study periods, and reviews the achieved results. Existing problems are identified. The need to identify the levels of quality of service offered by the service providers and to define the network performance offered by the network providers is stressed. User needs are identified. Comments are given on future CCITT quality-of-service work programs.<<ETX>>


Parkinson's disease is a common adult‐onset neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis remains essentially unknown. Currently, it is believed that the neurodegenerative process in Parkinson's disease is a combination of both cell‐autonomous and non‐cell‐autonomous mechanisms. Proposed cell‐autonomous mechanisms include alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, and impaired turnover of mitochondria. As for the proposed non‐cell‐autonomous mechanisms, they involve prion‐like behavior of misfolded proteins and neuroinflammation. This suggests that cell death in Parkinson's disease is caused by a multifactorial cascade of pathogenic events and argues that effective neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson's disease may have to rely on multiple drug interventions. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society


Three series of continuous computer control of environmental factors and measurement of plant physiological responses have been carried out by measuring photosynthesis in the daytime and respiration in the nighttime, in order to find the optimal combination of environmental factors, mainly air temperature, for cucumber plants under natural light conditions.Computer selected air temperature based on net or gross photosynthesis was well correlated with the solar radiation flux density and the morning and afternoon ratio of integrated photosynthesis was almost unity, if none of the environmental factors are limiting except solar radiation.The rise in respiration was well synchronized with the change of electric conductivity of the nutrient solution and the slowdown of growth was correlated with the decrease of photosynthesis as well as of respiration.A hyperbolic relation was introduced for solar radiation and carbon dioxide concentration terms in the previously developed hill climbing method and its performance was satisfactory.


Councillor Nigel Murphy, Deputy Leader of Manchester City Council, said: "We are aware of an incident at the Arndale Centre this morning. Our thoughts are with those who have been injured."


Micro-pitted cylinder is a novel engine cylinder, which has a number of advantages over the porous chromium-plated one and the platform-checker one,thus having a good application prospect.Being still in a development stage,however,the manufacturing technique for micro-pitted cylinder need to be further improved.The possible investigation fields for micro-pitted cylinder manufacture are put forward in the paper.


Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are soft tissue sarcomas arising from a peripheral nerve or a pre-existing benign nerve sheath tumor or are sarcomas with features of Schwann-cell differentiation. Differentiating between benign and malignant PNSTs can be challenging. The chapter begins with a case example and then discusses assessment, investigations (including imaging), and diagnosis of malignant PNSTs, as well as the steps involved in decision-making about management of a malignant PNST. The surgical principles and goals for resection of a malignant PNST, the adjuvant therapies used in treatment, and the complications and outcomes of treatment are presented.


19. It would require a treatise in itself to discuss thoroughly all the known interconnections among these problems. We will content ourselves with some brief hints and references that should serve as a means of further exposure to Catalan disease" or Catalania" = Catalan mania. One interesting item omitted from the list because of its complicated description is the number of exagons of order n + 1 ; see C. O. Oakley and R. These are covered by Corollary 2.3. d This is covered by Example 3.12. Alternatively, do a depth-rst search, ignoring the root edge, recording 1 when a left edge is rst encountered, and recording ,1 when a right edge is rst encountered. This gives a bijection with r. Note also that when all endpoints are removed together with the incident edges, we obtain the trees of c. e This is covered by Example 2.8. For a bijection with r, do a depth-rst preorder search through the tree. When going down" an edge away from the root record a 1, and when going up an edge record a ,1. For further information and references, see D. f When the root is removed we obtain the trees of d. See also Klarner, op. cit. g The bijection between parts i and iv of Proposition 2.1 gives a bijection between the present problem and j.


The paper analyzes the isotherm and differential heats of adsorption of carbon dioxide in NaLTA and establishes the molecular host-guest mechanism of interactions in the molecular sieve matrix.


Optimal conditions have been established for the generation of N-(2-lithiobenzyl)-2-lithio-1Hindole from easily available N-(2-bromobenzyl)-1H-indole. An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of 6,11-dihydroindolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline derivatives by reaction of this indole dianion with carboxylic esters. New and interesting fused indole derivatives have also been synthesized.


Fifteen water abstraction structures along the two streams adjacent to the NIASM site were selected for studying the geochemistry of the groundwater and abiotic factors responsible for their distribution. The results indicated that the groundwater is alkaline with high electrical conductivity (EC). The Total Hardness is below the prescribed drinking water limit whereas Na concentrations are far below the permissible limit. The sodium absorption ration (SAR) distribution pattern indicated downstream increase in the areas due to surfacial obstruction of the natural drainage system. EC of water shows a positive correlation with major cations Ca + Mg (R= 0.63) and Na + K (R= 0.61) which indicates a strong lithological control on the major oxide cations of the groundwaters. There is a strong positive correlation between EC and Cl (R= 0.96) while the correlation between EC and HCO3 is weak (R= 0.12) indicating that the amount of chloride in the groundwater controls the EC. The samples showed considerable scatter with a weak correlation (R= 0.19) between NO3-N and EC. Such variation in the NO3-N concentration from the groundwaters reflects the role of physical process such as evaporation and /or anthropogenic additions to the groundwater. The SO4 concentration showed no distinct correlation with EC (R= 0.07) indicating that its concentration did not contribute to the conductivity of groundwaters from the NIASM site. Based on the SAR values, the groundwater for irrigation purposes are classified as 'good' and most of them belong to the Ca+Mg>Na+K; HCO3+CO3>Cl+SO4 facies.


In order to understand the research hotspots of Ming and Qing style furniture in China in the past 20 years, and provide reference for the research direction of Ming and Qing style furniture. Based on the CiteSpace software, comparative analysis method and quantitative analysis method were used to visually analyze 539 journal papers in the field of Ming and Qing style furniture from 2000 to 2019 in the CNKI database. The results show that the relevant research literature from 2000 to 2012 found a significant growth trend, which began to decrease in 2013. At present, stable core author groups have been formed, but there is relatively little cooperation between various groups. Northeast Forestry University is the main research institution, but other inter-provincial institutions have less cooperative research. Hot research contents mainly focus on the shape, decoration and materials of Ming and Qing style furniture. Eight clusters formed by the keywords have good clustering effect, which can fully reflect the key research interests in this research field. To sum up the results, in the future, we should strengthen the communication and cooperation between the authors and between the institutions, and establish a systematic database for research on Ming and Qing style furniture. Through reasonable design techniques, the symbols of Ming and Qing furniture could be merged into modern design, new materials and instruments could be combined to further promote the inheritance of Ming and Qing style furniture.


About the one-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetics chain with bond alternation,research results show,in first-order approximation,that (1) magnon gap solitons (with the vibrating frequency lying in the gap between magnon frequency band) and resonant kinks (with the vibrating frequency lying in the magnon frequency band) are found; (2) an instrinsic localized mode (with the vibrating frequency being above the magnon frequency band) is impossible.


Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation in the joints with subsequent cartilage and bone destruction. RA induces a massive burden on health services worldwide. Aim of the work This study was designed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of 'Chaetomium globosum' extract in the treatment of RA in a rat model. Materials and methods Forty male Wistar albino rats aged 8–10 weeks were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. The control group (group I) was injected subcutaneously with 0.1 ml of saline. RA was induced in the other three groups (groups II, III, and IV) by single subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml of complete Freund's adjuvant in the footpad of the right hind paw. Group II was induced with arthritis and left untreated. Rats in groups III and IV were treated by administering either C. globosum 10 &mgr;g/kg or methotrexate (MTX) 0.3 mg/kg subcutaneously twice weekly for 2 weeks from day 12 after induction of arthritis. Animals of all groups were sacrificed on day 28 from the start of the experiment. The ankle joints were processed and stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical stain for inducible nitric oxide synthase. Specimens were also processed for transmission electron microscopic study. Results Untreated arthritic rats revealed paw swelling, synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltration, collagen accumulation, cartilage degradation, bone destruction, and significant increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase-positive chondrocytes. Transmission electron microscopic examination confirmed these results. The present study demonstrated for the first time that C. globosum significantly reduced all the clinical and histopathological changes of arthritis similar to MTX. Conclusion C. globosum extract had therapeutic effects similar to the well-established drug MTX and could be devoid of its serious side effects.


This paper presents the preliminary results about a systematic mapping of the soft skills suggested/considered important in the agile global software development (AGSD) with an impact on society 5.0. The papers selection method was carried out following a set of research objectives and questions defined from the GQM (Goal-Question-Metric) approach and a suggested systematic protocol for mapping in Software Engineering. Findings show that the existence of research related to soft skills in AGSD up to the date of this review, it is few, however, it is possible to observe that it has gained importance in the last three years.


The high productivity growth in previous decades has enabled the Asia-Pacific region to make significant advances in economic development. Productivity in the region has grown faster than in other regions, yet growth is slowing.1 Technology development is critical to boost productivity growth and to sustain medium- to long-term economic resilience. The region has a great potential. However, technology advancement also brings risks of increasing inequality and adapting to the changing nature of work. Government policies could focus on strengthening fundamental infrastructure, providing knowledge and skills, introducing redistributive measures, supporting technology diffusion and enhancing regional and global cooperation. Recent ESCAP publications provide detailed insights into the topic. Please refer to Inequality in Asia And the Pacific in the Era of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Frontier technologies for sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific.


Exosomes are 30–150 nm sized vesicles released by a variety of cells, and are found in most physiological compartments (feces, blood, urine, saliva, breast milk). They can contain different cargo, including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. In Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), a distinct exosome profile can be detected in blood and fecal samples. In addition, circulating exosomes can carry targets on their surface for monoclonal antibodies used as IBD therapy. This review aims to understand the exosome profile in humans and other mammals, the cargo contained in them, the effect of exosomes on the gut, and the application of exosomes in IBD therapy.


The main objective of this paper is to present a model of wave motion under dynamical conditions of orbital stability in heterogeneous non-isotropic media using finite difference mimetic methods, with this in mind we will build up discrete representations of spatial differential operators with variable coefficients and its respective boundary considerations, after this we'll combine these representations in an adative time integration scheme for the computation of the phenomena history, finaly we'll validate method's convergence presented here using some interesting experiments.


The article introduced the applyment of the UML in setting up the platform mold of the water conservancy data service.


The invention discloses a system for realizing amplitude modulation medium wave emergency broadcast and a method thereof. The system comprises a sending device and a receiving device. The sending device is used for dynamically inserting a dual-tone multifrequency emergency broadcast signaling according to a demand in a clearance period of a broadcast program audio signal or clearance of a statement, and mixing the dual-tone multifrequency emergency broadcast signaling with the broadcast program audio signaling, followed by outputting. The receiving device is used for receiving the broadcast program audio signal containing the dual-tone multifrequency emergency broadcast signaling outputted by the sending device, carrying out power amplification on the broadcast program audio signal and outputting the signal, simultaneously decoding an emergent broadcast signal, and triggering a radio set to receive the emergent broadcast signal. According to the system and the method, by utilizing strong anti-interference capability and high transmission speed of a dual-tone multifrequency signal, the signaling is strictly inserted into broadcast program clearance, and a problem that a user can not receive emergent broadcast information timely in the prior art is overcome.


states that for the first time he has seen generalized varicella appearing on the fourth day in a case of herpes occipitocervicalis. The details of his second case are remarkable. A Paris physician who does not practise general medicine and is not likely to be exposed to infection, in December, 1921, had an attack of herpes cervicalis which prevented him from carrying on his hospital or private practice for fifteen days; he went out for the first time on December 20th. On December 22nid or 23rd his daughter, aged 3, developed varicella, and on Decenmber 24th his son, aged 1 year, developed the same disease. Under these circumstances Netter concludes that it is very difficult to imagine any other origin for the children's illness than that they were infected by their father. After giving details of the other cases, which resemble those already reported by numerous observers, Netter concludes by quoting Elliott's paper (Glasgow Mled. Joturn., May, 1922) on five outbreaks of chicken-pox in a fever hospital in the period 1914-21 following admlissions of cases of herpes. Netter regrets that he has been unable


Dear Editor, Sj€ ogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dryness of the eyes and mouth, which is because of the destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands by infiltrating lymphocytes. Patients with SS have an increased risk of developing malignancies, particularly non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma and solid cancers such as breast cancer or thymoma. However, there have been no previous reports of prolactinoma in a patient with SS. Prolactin might play a role in the pathogenesis of some rheumatic diseases, including SS. Several cases of prolactinoma have been reported with concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which generated much interest in the possibility that prolactin influences SLE disease activity. Here we report the first case of SS associated with prolactinoma in which SS-related symptoms of dryness were relieved by a dopaminergic agonist. A 21-year-old woman was initially diagnosed with conjunctivitis sicca at a local ophthalmic clinic. She had used artificial tears more than three times per day. She had also suffered from mouth dryness from the age of 26 years and recurrent lymphadenopathy behind both ears from the age of 28 years. She did not use any medication that would cause dryness. Her blood test results were positive for anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA, 1:320, speckled and cytoplasmic pattern), anti-Ro/ SSA, anti-La/SSB, and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (Abs, > 4000 IU/mL). Tests for double-stranded DNA, Sm, anti-phospholipids and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide Abs were negative. However, a Schirmer test was positive. A Tc-99 m pertechnetate salivary scan revealed decreased absorption and excretion in both the parotid and submental glands (Fig. 1). Mild focal perivascular lymphocytic infiltration was observed in a minor salivary gland biopsy. The diagnosis of SS was confirmed according to the American European Consensus Criteria. The patient was also diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and began undergoing synthyroid and pilocarpine treatment. The patient revisited our hospital at the age of 33 years because of galactorrhea and oligomenorrhea. At that time, her blood test results revealed an increase in prolactin to 221.9 ng/mL (normal range; 4.79–23.3 ng/mL). Sellar magnetic resonance imaging identified a focal lesion on the right pituitary gland (Fig. 2). Based on these findings, she was diagnosed with prolactinoma and began undergoing treatment with the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine mesylate. Bromocriptine treatment improved her symptoms of dryness, allowing her to reduce the use of artificial tears and pilocarpine as her prolactin level decreased (3.27 ng/mL). However, after ceasing bromocriptine treatment for 2 weeks, she suffered from severe mouth and eye dryness and a rebound in prolactin levels (60.57 ng/mL). These symptoms again improved after restarting bromocriptine treatment. At present, the patient has been treated with synthyroid and bromocriptine for 6 months and has had no recurrence of severe dryness during follow-up. Prolactin, which stimulates diverse cell types such as macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells and B cells, has been considered both a pathogenic and protective factor in autoimmune inflammation; however, the role of prolactin in autoimmune disease remains controversial. A recent study revealed that the detrimental effects of prolactin in the context of autoimmune disease prevailed in B cell-dominated diseases such as SLE, by inducing the production of autoantibodies and mature B cells. Although the pathogenic role of prolactin in SS has not yet been revealed, prolactin might also be related to B lymphocyte hyper-reactivity in patients with SS. In addition, prolactin-like proteins are synthetized and overexpressed in the glandular epithelial cells of labial salivary glands and the acinar cells of lacrimal glands, and these proteins exert important bioactive effects on immune function. Prolactin, which inhibits the apoptosis of transitional B cells and increases antibody secretion, contributes to the onset of SS through its immunostimulatory effects. Taken


I declaimed: О sensuous bird of sensuality, Made human in the name of Pride, Composed within our tapestry you prove That God is guilty of bad taste. Naturally, that was overstated. Yet note The three-foot luminous wake he leaves, A little too green, like Easter-basket grass Or those blankets undertakers spread over graves. And even assuming eyes appropriate to tails You would agree two hundred is absurd. A perfect blending of blue and green, Though more lustrous than befits A subdued world, his neck holds up The most contemptuous head in captivity, Which always seems to be asking: are you real? No, today, under a sober sky and the gaze Of a yardful of abiding Puritans, He won't show off his fan but take my word It's bigger and brighter than a Hollywood rainbow. First Kings tells how Solomon brought


Commencement Bay is a highly industrialized salmon-producing river estuary and seaport (Tacoma) in Puget Sound, Washington, which was designated as one of the first major aquatic Superfund cleanup sites in 1981. As part of the Superfund law, federal, state and tribal governments have natural resource trusteeship responsibilities for determining injuries to trust resources (fish, shellfish, birds, water, and sediments), recovering damages, and then restoring lost habitats and services to these resources. Multiple contaminants of concern (petroleum, trace metals, PCBs, pesticides, chlorinated organics) have been contributed by a multitude of industries (transportation, smelting, pulp, timber, petroleum, petrochemical, storm and waste treatment) into multiple waterways where physical dredging and filling operations, have modified over 90% of the original nearshore mudflats and emergent marsh habitats. The challenge in Commencement Bay has been to develop a bay-wide restoration effort to stop further loss of critical fish and wildlife habitats, to enhance surviving habitats, and finally to provide cost-effective rebuilding of lost habitats.


Microwave is used as th heat source for freeze-drying process and the unsteady-state behavior of spherical model is analysed numerically. the Crank Nicolson method is used to solve the transient energy and mass transfer equations in both ice core and dried layer. A mathematical model is used to simulate the freeze-drying of beef meat. The drying time decreases as the electric field strength increases. The drying time decreases as the pressure of vacuum chamber increases to , at which the minimum drying time occurs. And further increase of the vacuum chamber pressure results in the increase of the drying time. It has also been found that ambient temperature, partial pressure of water vapor in the vacuum chamber, and sample radius directly affect the drying time.


Congress and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) should get involved with industry and scientists to investigate the effectiveness of alternative therapies, according to an Institute of Medicine report.


The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 instituted a compulsory work mandate for welfare recipients. However, recipients who experience difficulties finding employment may increase their involvement in criminal activities and their frequency of substance use as a means to deal with changes precipitated by PRWORA. This study used a four-wave panel design to analyze the criminal behaviors and substance-use frequency of 534 welfare recipients in Houston, Texas. Data were collected from the Attitudes, Behaviors, and Skills Assessment (ABSA) instrument designed specifically for this study. Results show that a minority of welfare recipients were involved in criminal activity. Furthermore, although participants were losing their welfare benefits, both criminal activity and substance use declined over time.


At present, network intrusion in the cloud environment is characterized by variability, invisibility and unpredictability, which makes network intrusion detection increasingly difficult, and traditional intrusion detection system is hard to meet the actual needs. A network intrusion detection system is proposed for cloud computing environment in this paper. C4.5 in the decision tree is used as the algorithm to build an intrusion detection model. This paper uses random forest algorithm to construct the intrusion detection model, and uses tcpdump tool and data mining technology to collect the network traffic data of different network levels of each cloud server in real time Finally the experimental results show that the system can effectively shorten the training time and test time of intrusion detection, and the detection accuracy is up to 99.71%, which achieves the effect of real-time monitoring and discovery of network intrusion behavior, and has good application value.


829 Commentary—Cohen of sleep restriction on performance while accounting for the confounding influence of circadian timing (phase).13 In an FD protocol, non–24-hour sleep-wake cycles allow sleep and wake episodes and other scheduled events within each cycle to be distributed relatively evenly across all circadian phases.14 The response of the homeostat to sleep restriction—both the average response (across all circadian phases) and the response at various combinations of circadian phase and levels of homeostatic sleep pressure—can be determined. The results have practical importance for the almost 15% of the fulltime workforce that are involved in shiftwork and may be expected to work through the night.15 Only one previously published study of sleep restriction on neurobehavioral performance has utilized an FD protocol. In that study by Cohen et al.,4 the sleep-wake cycle length was 42.85 hours, with 10 hours of sleep opportunity and 32.85 hours of enforced wakefulness per cycle for 12 cycles. The sleep-towake ratio was reduced to the equivalent of 5.6 hours sleep opportunity per 24 hours. The 10-hour sleep opportunities were sufficient to restore neurobehavioral performance shortly after waking to normal levels despite the prior 32.85 hours awake, reflecting recovery of acute homeostatic mechanisms. However, chronic sleep loss continuing in the second and third week of the protocol accelerated the deterioration in vigilant performance over wakefulness, demonstrating the engagement of a distinct chronic homeostatic mechanism, in accordance with predictions from animal models.10 Zhou et al.13 utilized an FD protocol with seven 28-hour sleep-wake cycles. The control group was scheduled to 9.33 hours sleep and 18.67 hours awake per cycle, which is equivalent to 8 hours sleep per 24 hours. The sleep-restricted group was scheduled to 4.67 hours sleep and 23.33 hours awake per cycle, comparable to 4 hours sleep per 24 hours. Consistent with other sleep restriction studies, the impact of the sleep-restricted schedule was progressively stronger across the protocol, demonstrating a cumulative effect of sleep loss on performance.2-5 Similar to Cohen et al.,4 sleep restriction magnified the impact of circadian phase on performance, primarily reflecting a worsening of performance during the biological night. However, there were two differences from the findings of Cohen et al.: (1) Performance shortly after waking was impaired in the sleeprestricted group. Therefore, the short (4.67 h) durations of sleep episodes were not sufficient to dissipate acute homeostatic sleep pressure. During the circadian night, the sleep-restricted group was impaired even when the duration of prior wakefulness was short (less than 7 h). Therefore, when acute homeostatic sleep pressure builds over days of relatively short sleep episodes, an individual that works overnight may be impaired even early in a Nearly 20% of American adults routinely sleep 6 or fewer hours per night,1 and while they may not subjectively perceive the full cost of this restricted schedule,2 objective neurobehavioral performance deteriorates in a cumulative fashion over daystoweeks under such conditions.2-5 This impact of the sleep-wake history on regulating alertness and performance is referred to as the sleep homeostatic process, or more simply, "the homeostat."6 Understanding the biological properties of the homeostat is important for improving treatment of sleep disorders and advancing policy and healthier practice in safety-sensitive professions. Data in animal models and humans suggest that sleep homeostasis is composed of multiple mechanisms acting over different timescales. For example, adenosine concentrations increase during wakefulness as a product of brain energy metabolism, promoting sleepiness in a negative feedback manner.7 Extended sleep loss causes up-regulation of adenosine receptor density, reflecting an additional homeostatic mechanism on a longer timescale.8-10 This additional mechanism causes a functional sensitization of the system, "increasing the gain" and accelerating the impairment across wakefulness.4,10 Other sleep homeostatic mechanisms may exist and remain to be fully elucidated. Traditionally, sleep restriction studies have reduced the amount of nocturnal sleep to 7 or less hours per night for several sleep-wake cycles within a 24-h day.2,3,5 While this approach has been valuable in demonstrating the cumulative cost of insufficient sleep on neurobehavioral performance, it fails to capture the full properties of the sleep homeostat because of the confounding influence of the circadian timekeeping system. The circadian timekeeping system progressively both boosts alertness and performance across the day with a peak in the early evening, and reduces arousal and performance across the night with a nadir in the early morning. The seemingly paradoxical timing of these circadian rhythm influences serves to consolidate wakefulness in the day and sleep at night through its interaction with the homeostat.11 The interactions are nonlinear, such that the amplitude of the circadian variation in performance is small when homeostatic sleep pressure is low, and is large when homeostatic sleep pressure is high.4,12 In the current issue of SLEEP, Zhou and colleagues used a forced desynchrony (FD) protocol to determine the effects COMMENTARY


The prerequisite of the enterprise-contract rules and regulations lies in that the enterprise can lower its transaction cost and fully display its competitive advantage resources.On the basis of the theory of transaction cost and the basic theory of resources,this paper aims to argue that the choice of merger and alliance actually decides the optimum balance between transaction efficiency and resource-conformity efficiency by combining the two in a systematic way and seeking the effective arrangement system so as to achieve the interactive maximization of the efficiency of transaction and resource integration.


In this chapter the essential aspects of anesthesia for obstetric hemorrhage are discussed. Subtopics include physiological changes of pregnancy, placenta previa, abruption placenta, and regional anesthesia in the obstetric patient. The chapter is divided into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative sections with important subtopics related to the main topic in each section. Preoperative topics include assessment of hemodynamic status, etiology of uterine bleeding, examination using a double setup, uterine rupture, and preoperative lab assessment. Issues discussed relate to intraoperative management include epidural technique, monitoring, induction, and intraoperative hemorrhage. Postoperative concerns discussed are assessment and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage and its differential diagnosis.


From the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, TX. Address reprint requests to M. Yusoff Dawood, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universiry of Texas Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin, Suite 3.110, Houston, TX 77030. Copyright C 1999 by WB. Saunders Company 1071-5517/99/0602-0001$10.00/0 Operative laparoscopy can be used for many surgical procedures on the fallopian tube and ovary. These include: (1) tubal sterilization; (2) salpingectomy and salpingostomy for tubal pregnancy; (3) fimbrioplasty, salpingoneostomy, and linear salpingostomy for tubal obstruction and infertility; (4) microsurgical tubal reanastomosis for reversal of tubal sterilization; (5) oophorectomy, cystectomy, cyst drainage and fulguration, and excision of ovarian tumors; (6) wedge resection and ovarian drilling for polycystic ovaries; and (7) fulguration and laser vaporization for endometriosis. Many of these procedures are conservative and involve recon-


Chapter 1 Linear algebra. Starting up and executing R. Vectors. Matrices. Addition of two matrices. Multiplying two matrices. Identity and inverse matrices. Simultaneous equations. Diagonalization of a symmetric matrix. Quadratic forms.- Chapter 2 Distributions and tests. Sampling and random variables. Probability distribution. Normal distribution and the central limit theorem. Interval estimation by t distribution. t-test. Intervalestimation of population variance and the chi2 distribution. Fdistribution and F-test. Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test.- Chapter 3 Simple regression. Derivation of regression coefficients. Exchange between predictor variable and target variable. Regression to the mean. Confidence interval of regression coefficients in simple regression. t-Test in simple regression. F-teston simple regression. Selection between constant and nonconstant regression equations. Prediction error of simple regression. Weighted regression. Least squares method and prediction error.- Chapter 4 Multiple regression. Derivation of regression coefficients. Test on multiple regression. Prediction error on multiple regression. Notes on model selection using prediction error. Polynomial regression. Variance of regression coefficient and multicollinearity. Detection of multicollinearity using Variance Inflation Factors. Hessian matrix of log-likelihood.- Chapter 5 Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and the third variance. Cp and FPE. AIC of a multiple regression equation with independent and identical normal distribution. Derivation of AIC for multiple regression. AIC with unbiased estimator for error variance. Error variance by maximizing expectation of log-likelihood in light of the data in the future and the "third variance." Relationship between AIC (or GCV) and F-test. AIC on Poisson regression.- Chapter 6 Linear mixed model. Random-effects model. Random intercept model. Random intercept and slope model. Generalized linear mixed model. Generalized additive mixed model.


At electromagnetic interactions of particles there arises defect of masses, i.e. the energy is liberated since the particles of the different charges are attracted. It is shown that this change of the effective mass of a particle in the external electrical field (of a nucleus) results in displacement of atomic levels of electrons. The expressions describing these velocity changes and displacement of energy levels of electrons in the atom are obtained.


Electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells based on Ni0.75Co0.25-GDC (Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95) and Ni-GDC anodes were investigated and compared in order to understand the effects of (i) alloying Ni with Co and (ii) anode microstructure on the cell performance under hydrogen fuel. At the sintering temperature of 1300°C for 5 h, the Ni0.75Co0.25-GDC anode showed a superior distribution and connection of grains to the Ni-GDC anode which had grain clustering structure in general. Grain growth and connection were found in both anodes when the sintering temperature was increased to 1350°C for 3 h. This resulted in significant improvement of the anodic polarization resistance for the Ni-GDC anode but only minor change for the Ni0.75Co0.25-GDC anode. This research, however, showed that the Ni-GDC anode had higher anodic polarization resistance than the Ni0.75Co0.25-GDC anode, resulting in the better cell power density at all sintering conditions. The maximum power density obtained at 800°C for the cell with the Ni0.75Co0.25-GDC anode was 118 mW•cm-2. Impedance spectroscopy analysis showed that the total cell resistance of both cell types became progressively larger when the operation time was prolonged to 10 h at 800°C, while the microstructure change was not observable by the SEM. The reason for the fast degradation will thus require further investigation.


The dependence of growth rate of(100) face of KDP crystal on supersaturation was measured using the laser polarization interference technique.Morphologies of both elementary steps and macrosteps were investigated by using AFM technique at a serial of supersaturation.Furthermore,the bunching process as well as the influence of supersaturation on bunching process was analyzed according to the AFM results.The results show that at the su-persaturation of 1.8%,elementary steps are in priority on(100) face,whose height is 0.366 nm,equivalent to half of the unit cell.When the supersaturation is increased,elementary steps begin bunching together.At the initial bunch-ing stage,the step height and step width are increased.With a rise of supersaturation,more elementary steps par-ticipate in the bunching process,and the velocity of the macrosteps increasease as well.At the same time,the slops of the macrosteps reach stable ultimately.


Using a recursive method we construct dimer and nondimer variational ansatzs of the ground state for the two-legged ladder, and compute the number of dimer coverings, the energy density and the spin correlation functions. The number of dimer coverings are given by the Fibonacci numbers for the dimer-RVB state and their generalization for the nondimer ones. Our method relies on the recurrent relations satisfied by the overlaps of the states with different lengths, which can be solved using generating functions. The recurrent relation method is applicable to other short range systems. Based on our results we make a conjecture about the bond amplitudes of the 2ladder. PACS numbers: 05.50.+q, 75.10.-b, 75.10.Jm


Requirements of 10CFR60 govern the design of an underground nuclear waste repository relative to safe operations, waste retrievability options, and integrity of natural geologic and engineered barriers. Specifically, design of the facilities to withstand the anticipated dynamic environment are of concern in this paper. It represents a summary of an extensive review that was recently compiled by the Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses in support of the licensing activities of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Objectives of this work include establishment of the current state for prediction of underground response to seismic and other dynamic events. Capabilities of analytical and numerical models are evaluated, along with independent methods for establishing their validity. Specifically, key parameters are sought for establishing licensing positions on dynamic behavior of tuff media at the Yucca Mountain Nevada proposed repository site.


Quantum mechanics is in principle gauge invariant, but its interpretation could be gauge dependent. Some properties of the length-velocity gauge transformation are elucidated in this study about a two-photon transition process in atomic hydrogen.


National Natural Science Foundation of China [21276213]; State-Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Tsinghua University [SKL-ChE-13A05]; Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes of the National Ministry of Education of China [2012ACOCP03]


= Abstract = Background: It is important to diagnostic aproach for the elderly which is not only disease but also functional assessment. this study aimed to find a factor related closely activities of daily living (ADL) which means minimal function necessary to independence for social activity. Method: This study was conducted using a questionaire survey, history taking and physical examination was done in 219 elderly patients over 65, who had visited either of 5 universities hospitals in the Kyoung-in and Chung-choung district from October 1999 to April 2003. A variety of factors being thought to be related to ADL was investigated by using the existing comprehensive geriatric assessment. this survey conducted the demographic and statistical characteristics, item related to health behavior, mini-nutritional assessment, geriatric depression scale, MMSE-K(Mini-Mental State Examination, Korean version)and social network scale etc. We selected the chi-square analysis, logistic regression analysis as the method of analysis. Result: The subjects consisted of 80 men and 139 women. According to the result of multi-variable quantities analysis, it was shown that the basic ADL had relation to age, nutritional assessment, spouse, cognitive function and social isolation and shown that the instrunmental ADL had relation to age, nutritional assessment and cognitive function. (P<0.05) Conclusion: The factors having a close relation to BADL of the elderly were age, nutritional assessment, spouse, cognitive function and social isolation, and the factors to IADL of the elderly were age, nutritional assessment and cognitive function.


The invention discloses a kind of wireless monokaryon single-wheel two shaft multifunctional electric hospital bed, including: sick bed control unit, bedstead, cabinet base, roller, bed body unit, described bed body unit includes mobile bed plate, mattress, track, cutting, draw-in groove, cylinder, supporting plate, bracket, rotating shaft.By the way, a kind of wireless monokaryon single-wheel two shaft multifunctional of the present invention is electric hospital bed, is possible not only to automatically, the part to sick bed of level is carried, but also can control motion automatically, improve the stationarity of sick bed, safety and multifunctionality, user-friendly.


This paper describes issues related to the dynamic transmission of the billing and power data measures from the domestic sector, as required for the smart grid and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) implementation.


Machines will replace therapists and counsellors. This was the confident prediction made a decade ago. In this article, I discuss the inherent limitations of machines as conversationalists that have prevented the prediction from coming true. Machines can, however, be exploited to assist therapy and I consider the following digital tools: test administration; managing procedural, symptom-relieving cognitive–behavioural therapies; providing virtual environments for immersive behavioural therapies and for e-learning; and assisting training through automated discourse analysis and the use of cognitive maps.


The difficulties encountered in previous experiments in trying to effect a rapid passage of bacteria through the normal kidney led us to investigate the permeability of an acutely infected kidney. The frequency with which pyelitis occurs secondary to infections in other parts of the body, as well as the relationship of focal infection to pyelitis, as demonstrated by Bumpus and Meisser, 1 and Haden, 2 makes it seem probable that the invasion of the colon bacillus is often only secondary to some acute lesion of the kidney. Once established, the colon bacillus maintains the infection which would otherwise have subsided with the disappearance of the primary infection. That the colon bacillus is frequently the primary infecting agent and usually the secondary invader is generally accepted, but by what route it reaches the kidney has never been proved. It has been taken for granted, since the colon bacillus may find its


This paper presents seven alerts that inform organizations and individuals buying software packages. The research is based on our own studies as well as a review of theoretical and empirical studies of modern information systems and the networks associated with these systems. The paper departs from a monolithic view of buying software as an atomic event that is based solely on the software's independent features and its immediate price. Instead we promote a pluralistic multi-organizational view of buying software as a continuous process of trying to match available packages with a base of already installed information systems while anticipating future needs. We have formulated seven alerts that both researchers and practitioners should consider when studying these building blocks of e-business.


This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of management patterns of multi-campus universities,and makes rational thinking on running a multi-campus university from the aspects of school-running concepts,selection of management patterns,fusion and optimization of subjects,internal management systems,and establishing scientific development views.


Antimony precipitation behavior in 16Mn steel was investigated by SEM,and microstructure of the steel was observed by OM.The results show that there are two ways of antimony precipitation in 16Mn steel.One is antimony precipitation at grain boundaries,another is antimony precipitation on manganese sulfide inclusions.Antimony precipitation on manganese sulfide inclusions is beneficial to the nucleation of intragranular acicular ferrite.Increasing the sulfide content,reducing the oxygen content and modifying MnS inclusions by adding Ti in 16Mn steel can increase antimony precipitation on manganese sulfide inclusions,enhance the effect of antimony on the nucleation of intragranular ferrite,especially the nucleation of intragranular acicular ferrite and reduce antimony-enriched phases precipitated at grain boundaries.


The policy of tax reduction as China's main economy polycy and measures of microeconomy control can not be substituted.The paper sudies the issue of tax reduction and puts forward some countermeasures as to promote economic and social development.


Objective:Recently updated guidelines in children and adolescents have been published (ESH, Lurbe, J Hypertens 2016, and AAP, Flynn Pediatrics 2017). Both recommended 24h-ABPM to confirm the diagnosis of HTN. The study sought to assess the impact of obesity on the distribution of office vs ambulator


To decrease the data generated by serialization,this paper uses grid-based PDE.Mart as platform,investigates different service types of Apache AXIS,compares the amount of data generated by different serialization protocols like SOAP serialization,Base64 serialization and byte stream serialization before and after compression.A hybrid approach that combines byte stream serialization and compression technology is proposed,which can significantly decrease the data being transferred in the grid,so as to improve performance of data transfer and enable grid computing system to solve large scale problems.


Contents
Editorial: Building the Vision – Higher Education and Quality Assurance in East Africa
Pammla Petrucka........................................1
Why Measurement Matters: The Learning Outcomes Approach – A Case Study from Canada
Sarah Brumwell, Fiona Deller & Alexandra MacFarlane.....................................5
Quality Issues in Kenya's Higher Education Institutions
Rosemary Kagondu & Simmy M. Marwa..............................23
University Students Learning Experiences: Nuanced Voices from Graduate Tracer Study
Omar Badiru Egesah & Mary Nyawira Wahome .................................43
Institutional Constraints Affecting Quality Assurance Processes in Tanzania's Private Universities
Samson John Mgaiwa & Johnson Muchunguzi Ishengoma..................................57
Broadening Perceptions and Parameters for Quality Assurance in University Operations in Uganda
Frederick Kakembo & Rita Makumbi Barymak..........................69
Student Evaluation of Teaching: Bringing Principles into Practice
Geoff Tennant & Tashmin Khamis.........................89
Reflections on an Innovative Mentoring Partnership Facilitators and Inhibitors to Success in Faculty Development
Tashmin Khamis & Marilyn Chapman.......................105
Quality Assurance Self-assessment: A Catalyst at Aga Khan University
Tashmin Khamis & Khairunnisa Dhamani...........................................125
Assessing the Cognitive Domain through MCQs: Critical to Quality Assurance in Higher Education
Khairunnisa Aziz Dhamani & Zeenatkhanu Kanji..................................135


Summary Tributyltin compound is a toxic organotin compound that produces injury to the central nervous systems of mam‑ mals as the main target. In in vitro studies we examined the eff ect of tributyltin chloride (TBTC on RCR‑1 cells (a rat astrocytoma cell line. After exposure to 1 µM TBTC RCR‑1 cells induced apoptosis such as caspase‑3 activation cal‑ pain activation and mitochondrial cytochrome c release. TBTC‑induced apoptosis was suppressed when RCR‑1 cells were pretreated with BAPTA‑AM an intracellular calcium chelator. Furthermore signifi cant activation of calpain was associated with calcium‑dependent enzyme action and an increase of intracellular calcium ((Ca2+)i was confi rmed in TBTC‑exposed RCR‑1 cells. On the other hand calpain activation was suppressed by BAPTA‑AM an intracellular cal‑ cium chelator. JC‑1 assays were used to evaluate mitochondrial function since a strong expression of cytochrome c by TBTC suggested mitochondrial involvement; cytochrome c release and the loss of mitochondrial function occurred within 10 min of TBTC exposure. These results indicate the presence of a TBTC‑induced calcium‑dependent apoptotic pathway in RCR‑1 cells. In conclusion the results are thought to contribute greatly to the elucidation of TBTC‑induced cell death mechanism of astrocytes and neurons of the central nervous system.


In adult patients, the corrections of their malocclusion may be more difficult and require longer treatment time due to thicker layer of cortical bone and reduced blood supply. Recently, various methods such as surgery, implant for anchorage and corticotomy have been tried to overcome these problems. Corticotomy is a surgical technique in which a fissure is made through the cortical bone that surrounds a tooth so that the tooth is embedded within a block of bone that is connected to adjacent blocks through only the medullary bone. Technique of corticotomy has been widely used for correction of maxillary transverse deficiency, but hasn't actively in other fields of orthodontics. We applied corticotomies in many types of orthodontic treatment and had satisfactory results. We suggested clinical application of corticotomy in adult orthodontics to reduce treatment period and to achieve better stability after orthodontic treatment.


According to Giddens's theory, confluence is a connection point between the non-professional individuals or groups and agents of the abstract system. It is a weak link of the abstract system, and is also an intersection point to maintain and build trust. As to transitional communities, confluence is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, confluence is the field of power alienation; on the other hand, it is the field of power correction. To get rid of the personnel corruption in transitional communities, the key step is to rebuild the trust at the confluence. Combined with the reality, attentions should be paid to nurture concepts, control systems, hatch organizations and shape the culture of trust.


THE HEAVY ATMOSPHERE of the present scientific, technological, and political competition for international leadership demands a dedication to clear objectives coincident with the highest ideals of our unique democracy. We might enunciate such objectives in a general way by stating that we must educate our youth for a full life in conformity with each one's ability to contribute and to enjoy.


Abstract We introduce a class of Hamiltonian systems generating motion of polygons in plane and define "geometrical" Hamilton functions depending arbitrarily on distances between the vertices and the areas of the inscribed triangles. The motion preserves the centroid and the moment of inertia if unit masses are assigned to the vertices. Therefore the 3-vertex systems corresponding to the dynamics of triangles are completely integrable. In the case of Hamiltonians depending only on the areas there is an additional integral leading to integrable dynamics of the quadrilaterals. For a particular subclass of such Hamiltonians the total area is also preserved, which results in integrable motion of pentagons. We present several numerical illustrations of the polygon dynamics.


In recent years, optimization problems have received extensive attention from researchers, and metaheuristic algorithms have been proposed and applied to solve complex optimization problems. The wild horse optimizer (WHO) is a new metaheuristic algorithm based on the social behavior of wild horses. Compared with the popular metaheuristic algorithms, it has excellent performance in solving engineering problems. However, it still suffers from the problem of insufficient convergence accuracy and low exploration ability. This article presents an improved wild horse optimizer (I-WHO) with early warning and competition mechanisms to enhance the performance of the algorithm, which incorporates three strategies. First, the random operator is introduced to improve the adaptive parameters and the search accuracy of the algorithm. Second, an early warning strategy is proposed to improve the position update formula and increase the population diversity during grazing. Third, a competition selection mechanism is added, and the search agent position formula is updated to enhance the search accuracy of the multimodal search at the exploitation stage of the algorithm. In this article, 25 benchmark functions (Dim = 30, 60, 90, and 500) are tested, and the complexity of the I-WHO algorithm is analyzed. Meanwhile, it is compared with six popular metaheuristic algorithms, and it is verified by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and four real-world engineering problems. The experimental results show that I-WHO has significantly improved search accuracy, showing preferable superiority and stability.


Acid phosphatase activity with a pH optimum of 5 was demonstrated in vegetative cells, spores, and germinated spores of Clostridium botulinum type E (Minnesota). The enzyme was present in the cells during all stages of growth and was insensitive to the orthophosphate concentration of the growth media. Specific activity of the enzyme increased during growth coincident with a loss in inorganic phosphate from the acid-soluble cell fraction. Magnesium or manganese was required for maximum enzyme activity. Acid phosphatase in crude spore extracts was more heat-stable than in extracts obtained from vegetative cells.


This study intends to determine how the microstructure can influence the mechanical properties of technically pure aluminium. For this reason, aluminium AA 1050 A billets underwent a severe plastic deformation known as ECAP. This operation can deform the material up to a maximum accumulated equivalent strain of ε ∼ 8, which makes the aluminium billets to be significantly hardened. Different protocols were developed in order to obtain samples with different metallurgical grain sizes and textures. Compression tests in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions were done. The tests were carried out in two testing machines, according to the strain rate intended, to assess the mechanical behaviour of the specimens after the hardening process. It could be concluded that microstructure depends on the hardening process parameters, whereas the mechanical response is influenced by the metallurgical characteristics. The results demonstrate that tests performed at higher strain rates tend to increase the mechanical resistance. Lastly, it was verified that the aluminium samples that were highly strained by ECAP performed with a rotational protocol exhibit an isotropic behaviour, even though, after being annealed, they were anisotropic.


Fatigue cracking of an aircraft engine labyrinth seal occurred during pre-flight factory testing. Testing in a static rig revealed that the seal could be aeroelastically excited by the labyrinth leakage air flow. An earlier analytical model used for stability analysis was extended to account for the effect of acoustic natural frequency on the aeroelastic stability. The new model predicted that the ratio of acoustic and mechanical natural frequencies was of vital importance in determining if the nature of the pressure fluctuations within the labyrinth seal teeth provided either positive or negative aerodynamic damping to the seal. The analytical results were verified by further rig testing and also by correlation with test results for several other seals tested as part of a labyrinth seal technology program. A mechanical friction damper sleeve was designed to suppress the aeroelastic instability. The damper sleeve was tested in a rotating rig to evaluate its damping characteristics. The aircraft engine was qualified with the newly designed damper which has demonstrated its effectiveness for eight years of service and half a million hours of operation without incident.


The purpose of this study was to spatial organization feature and area composition of the over 500beds general hospital that will be expected construct in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do area after 2000year. From this study, we can suggest architectural planning for the efficiency operating of emergency medical facilities that can be used as preliminary data. The Spatial organization of emergency medical facilities are categorize into 4 session as medical examination and treatment, diagonosticradiology, staff, public and the others. We can find spatial organization system and area composition that compare area composition of 6 hospital the subject of research in a emergency medical facilities. The result of this study were as follows : spatial distribution of its field, grasping of spatial organization factor and recognize its merits and demerits should be researched in advance. Through this kind of recognizing emergency system, realistic medical local and condition architectural planning for spatial organization will be operate.


The fore-expansion tube structure of the three-way catalyst converter shell used in a certain light-duty vehicle is improved, three improved schemes are proposed. For the flow field in the catalyst, its mathematical model is established, its numerical value is simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, and then the distribution law of the velocity and the pressure on the carrier front end face under different structural parameters is obtained. It says that the short-long model is a desirable improved scheme by contrasting and analyzing the result.


public debt, equating it, as the future President did, with personal debt, and equating both with mortal sin. He could see no good in it whatsoever — a position surprisingly innocent for one of his financial sophistication, yet one much more defensible at the turn of the nineteenth century than in that century's third or fourth decade when large national capital projects might have been undertaken, or in the complex twentieth century with its garrison and welfare state. On no other subject, however, in finance or politics, was Gallatin such a victim of his Puritanical upbringing. His sophistication, indeed, is what led many members of his own party to mistrust him as a foreign financial wizard. Would that Dr. Walters were capable of some of the distinctions Gallatin himself constantly made. This volume, as the author points out in an interesting Preface, is the first new study of Gallatin in seventy years; the first of any, really, to make extensive and scholarly use of the fairly elaborate Gallatin papers. But there is little or nothing both new and valuable in the work, either in information or interpretation. Indeed, where interpretation is explicitly undertaken, as in the discussion of the causes of the War of 1812, the analysis is old and questionable if not discredited. Neither Pratt's Expansionists of 1812 (1925) [toward which Dr. Walters seems to lean] nor Burt's revisionist The, United States, Great Britain, and British North America (1940), to which Pratt himself concedes much, is mentioned in Dr. Walters' Bibliography. This is but one example among a number that might be mentioned which suggest that Dr. Walters' narrow concentration on Gallatin's surviving documents, rich though they may be, helps explain the narrow focus of his narrative and the weakness of his analysis where analysis occurs. This is a scholarly work in what might be called the second-best sense; perhaps Dr. Walters' feeling, as conveyed in the Preface and elsewhere, that Gallatin himself was secondbest in an age of political giants, accounts for his own lack of originality.


The conclude that the repeatability and within-device precision are well within specification limit: < 3 ppb of value < 30 ppb, < 10 % of measured value > 30 ppb. Both standard deviation estimates for repeatability and within-device precision met the precision claim in the labeling at all concentration levels.


This paper aims to do a study of text classification for Indonesian News Article. This research will explore the use of some machine learning algorithms like support vector machine, multinomial naive Bayes, and decision tree to classify news article in the Indonesian Language. From the experiment, it showed that support vector machine algorithm achieves high performance with 93% in f1 score.


Foreword - S Nurul Hasan Introduction - Satish Chandra The Oceans - S Zahoor Qasim The Future Hope of Mankind Foreign and Defence Policies for India in the 1990s - J C Nadkarni Geo-Politics of the Indian Ocean - B N Mehrish India's Maritime and Geo-Strategic Interests in the Indian Ocean - Kailash K Kohli Geo-Political and Geo-Strategic Importance of the Islands of the Indian Ocean - M P Awati Naval Strategy in the Indian Ocean and the Laws of the Seas - S C Chopra International Maritime Law and India's State Practice - Narmada Khodie The Maldives and Indian Security - V Suryanarayan Socotra in Indian Navigational Traditions - B Arunachalam Traditional Navigation and Trade in Lakshadweep, 1850-1950 - Alex George Traditions of Ship Building in Lakshadweep and Minicoy - R Karani and B Arunachalam Lakshadweep in Transition - S Srivastava, R Karani and B Arunachalam Conflict Between Ecology and Environment The Marine Living Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Isands - S A H Abidi India and Antarctica - S Zahoor Qasim


Soil texture and degree of aggregation affect the stabilization of organic matter. We studied their influences in silty soils using samples from two field experiments with contrasting long‐term use (cropped versus bare fallow). The cropped soil had a larger organic C content than the bare fallow, and allowed us to compare a soil with pools of organic C differing in turnover time with a soil dominated by the passive organic C pool. Increasingly dispersive treatments applied to the soils yielded aggregates of various sizes, stabilities, and organic matter contents. We found an intimate interaction between soil structure and organic matter by demonstrating that aggregation is hierarchical and that active pools of organic matter are responsible for this hierarchy. Microaggregates were found to consist of a constant ratio of clay to silt particle‐size fractions. We propose that such a property be used to estimate true microaggregation and aggregate stability by estimating the amount of soil material dispersed by a given treatment. Organic matter associated with clay is confirmed as an important sink of long‐term stabilized C, and it appears to have been increasingly preserved when in increasingly larger aggregates. However, most of the soil mass and associated organic C is in smaller aggregates. We hypothesize that the physical protection within macroaggregates does not directly control long‐term stabilization of organic C in the soil, but rather contributes indirectly through the time and local conditions it offers for organic matter to gain chemical or physico‐chemical protection by interacting with the soil environment.


The spherically symmetric monopoles and dyons of the SU(5) model of grand unification (without quarks and leptons) are discussed. It is shown that such monopoles and dyons can exist only in the sectors corresponding to magnetic charges m= +- 1/2e, +- 1/e, +- 3/2e, and +- 2/e, where e is the charge of the positron. We investigate in detail the properties of the dyons with the smallest possible magnetic charge ( vertical-barmvertical-bar=1/2e). By semiclassical reasoning we show that apart from the magnetic charge the properties of the dyons are described by two quantum numbers n and k. The dyons come in families, denoted by n=0,1,2,..., with electric charge q/sub n/=n(-4e/3), baryon minus lepton number =n(-2/3), and the kth member of the nth family (k=0,1,2,...) transforms according to the (n+k,k) for n > or = 0 or the (k,vertical-barnvertical-bar+k) for n or = 0, or vertical-barnvertical-bar 3's, for n<0. Interesting processes involving monopoles and dyons are discussed; we show, for example, that the presence of a dyon strongly enhances baryon-number-violating processes. Finally, a less detailed discussion of poles with the other possible magnetic charges is included.« less


The MATH2038 (Partial Differential Equations) course, as given in semester 2 2008/9. Syllabus has changed slightly from previous years, as has coursework weighting.


The theory of possible selves, as proposed by Marcus and Nurius (1986), framed a two-staged instrumental case study designed to give voice to an often-neglected source of insight: teacher candidates. The collection and analysis of hopes, fears, and process strategies gathered from a crosssection of thirteen candidates and alumni from a private Midwestern institution informed teacher educator practice and increased understanding in regards to influences that shaped teacher identity development. The applied theoretical framework allowed for the assessment of participants' knowledge, skills, and dispositions, aided in the identification of perceived preparation needs, and enabled an appraisal of program effectiveness. Findings affirmed the utilitarian, investigative, and evaluative qualities of the theory of possible selves. Embedded use of the reflective framework throughout coursework may motivate and regulate candidate actions and yield adaptive experts capable of nurturing identity development beyond the preparation duration.


For the sake of identifying the agronomic traits and yield performance of Qianzhe 06/126 which is a new sugarcane strain bred by Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops,a variety comparison test was conducted during 2010-2011 taking Qianzhe 06/126 and Qiantang 3(CK) as the materials.The results showed that the emergence rate,ratoon seedling emergence rate and single stalk weight were higher than CK by 12.9 %,16.6 % and 19.7 % respectively.And the comprehensive agronomic traits were excellent.The yields of new sugarcane and stubble cane were 158.75 and 130.83 t/hm2 with an average of 144.80 t/hm2,higher than CK by 21.5 %,19.1 % and 20.4 % separately;In the production demonstration test in three spots during 2010-2011,the average yield was 117.23 t/hm2,18.8 % higher than CK.Moreover,the pest and disease resistance ability of Qianzhe 06/126 was stronger than CK,and the drought resistance ability was similar to CK.


AIM
demonstrate that a full digital workflows could provide predictable aesthetic and functional outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This clinical report provides a step-by-step documentation of a full-mouth rehabilitation planned and performed with a fully digital approach with an adhesive and no-prep method. After assessing the patient's needs, we established a treatment plan considering the functional and aesthetic request of the patient. The overlap of 2D images and 3D models and facial scans of the patient allowed the digital previsualization of the aesthetic result by implementing the "copy-paste" approach to restore the upper anterior sextant.

CONCLUSION
The final outcome was satisfactory in term of aesthetics and health of soft tissue.


The authors have investigated complex coupled distributed feedback lasers based on a single layer of InGaAs/GaAs self-organised quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Metal gratings patterned laterally in a ridge waveguide laser provide feedback for singlemode operation. Threshold currents of 14 mA, differential efficiencies of 0.33 W/A and sidemode suppression ratios of > 50 dB have been obtained. Monomode operation was observed for temperatures from 20 to 213°C.


Plant potential for Cd extracting generally depends on biomass yield. In present experiments, this technology has been tested by six plant species in pot experiments. During this study, different Cd concentrations were given to different pots. Industrial waste materials disposal have been contaminating hectares of productive agricultural land globally. Metal concentrations increase in the soil is mainly due to this. Cd Phytoextraction is a promising and environment friendly approach for soil decontamination. The results indicated that there was increase in the biomass yield in the sewage water irrigated soil, over the sandy loam soil. In this study, the response of different plant species, in the sandy loam soil and sewage water irrigated soil has been observed.


This paper presents a set of decentralized control laws for the cohesive motion of 2-dimensional multi-agent formations. We consider rigid and constraint-consistent formations that can be modeled by directed graphs. We analyze both of the two main hierarchical structures for such 2-dimensional formations: the leader-follower and the three-coleader structures. For each structure, we derive a control scheme that moves a given rigid and constraint-consistent formation whose initial position and orientation are specified to a new desired position and orientation cohesively, i.e., without deforming the shape of the formation during the motion. We elaborate our designs considering the path smoothness, chattering, and agent kinematics issues and demonstrate their effectiveness via a set of simulation results


In the rigid-plastic analysis, forming analysis results are depends on the flow stress of materials. The flow stress are calculated by the material test such as a compression and tension test. The general FEM programs are used the flow stress of a tension test. But the flow stress in the forging using compression forming are not satisfied with the flow stress of a tension test. Especially in the hammer forging of the high strain rate, the flow stress are very different. In the FEM analysis, the flow stress are effect on fatigue lifes of the forging die. In this paper, the hot forging experimental material, the flow stress of the plasticine are calculated by the compression test. The preform was designed by Genetic algorithm analysis using the flow stress. through the experimental and FE analysis, know the effect of flow stree on preform design in hot forging.


As a long-lived nuclear waste, iodine (129I) which is primarily generated from nuclear fission of uranium or plutonium is considered harmful to human and environment. Therefore, proper steps are required to treat the radioactive isotope. In this work, we propose transmutation of I-129 isotope using cyclotron-based proton bombardment. The TALYS code was employed to calculate nuclear cross-sections of various nuclear reactions possible to transmute I-129 into shortlived radionuclides or stable isotopes. Twelve different nuclear reactions, namely (p,n), (p,2n), (p,3n), (p,np), (p,2np), (p,a), (p,d), (p,2p), (p,nα), (p,γ), (p,3He), and (p,t), which have significant cross-sections (greater than 1 mb) were analyzed. Based on the nuclear reactions, there were 6 possible stable isotopes produced from proton bombardment of 129I, such as 129Xe, 128Xe, 127I, 126Te, 125Te and 130Xe. Short-lived radionuclides such as 29mXe (half life = 8.88 days), 127Xe (half life = 36.35 days), 127mXe (half life = 62.9 seconds), 128I (half life = 24.99 minutes), 125mTe (half life = 57.40 days), 127Te (half life = 9.35 hours) and 127mTe (half life = 106.1 days) could also be possibly produced from the proton irradiation of 129I nuclear waste. To sum up, the longest radionuclide could be generated from proton bombardment of 129I nuclear waste is 127mTe (half life = 106.1 days), which is a lot shorter than 129I (half life = 1.57x107 years). This theoretical study indicates that transmutation of 129I nuclear waste by proton bombardment into short-lived radionuclides is greatly feasible. Current available cyclotrons in Indonesia may be employed to help transmute 129I into short-lived radionuclides or stable isotopes. This theoretical study can be used as a reference for future 129I nuclear waste if proton beams are employed in the transmutation.


The growth in Information Technology has led to the transformation of the banking system towards providing efficient services while simultaneously being time and cost effective. This led to the introduction of the cashless policy in Nigeria. Understanding both the negative and positive implications of this policy as well as factors that will help or deter it is crucial to its long-term success hence the use of Aspectual Analysis to dissect the various aspects that influence implementation and rate of adoption.


An implantable analog front-end for human nerve signal sensors is presented. The front-end is composed of a low-noise, high-gain pre-amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for quantizing the recorded nerve signal. The front-end is implemented in a 0.35um CMOS technology. The circuit draws 196uA from a 1.8V supply, thus consuming approximately 350uW excluding bias circuitry and buffers. As the signal provided by the nerve signal only has a magnitude of a few microvolts, the pre-amplifier intrinsic noise has to be minimized in order to retain a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A two-stage design for achieving an overall gain of 74dB is employed. For low thermal noise, the first stage is biased at a relatively high current and employs MOS transistors (MOSTs) biased in the weak inversion region. The chopper modulation technique is utilized for shifting low frequency 1/f-noise out of the signal band leaving thermal noise dominant in-band. The measured noise is approximately 7nV/sqrt(Hz) input referred, for a chopping frequency of 20kHz, while the measured gain is 72.5dB over a 4kHz bandwidth. The measured power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is above 90dB and the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) exceeds 105dB inband. The implemented ADC is of the sigma-delta type, and uses a third order continuous-time loop-filter. The loop-filter is implemented using Gm-C integrators, and uses CMOS only for the transconductor implementation. The measured resolution of the manufactured ADC is 10 bits and features a dynamic range (DR) of 67dB at a sampling rate of 1.4MHz.


A discussion of the modern French-Canadian novel for a non-specialist audience should probably begin with a word of caution concerning "modern." Although the term is relative, of course, one could argue with conviction that, for example, the modern American novel begins as early as Huck Finn and the early Henry James, that is, with the last quarter of the nineteenth century. But the first French-Canadian novel of any importance that could conceivably be called "modern" is Louis H6mon's Maria Chapdelaine, published in 1914; and even here the only "modern" element is the publication date; in both subject matter and approach it is very much a novel of the past century. It is interesting to note that Father Paul Gay, C.S.SP., in his attempt to classify the twentiethcentury French-Canadian novel, lists only one book Maria Chapdelaine published before 1923,1 and only two before 1930; the vast majority are post1945.


Traumatic internal carotid artery dissection secondary to blunt trauma is a rare event accounting for 0.08 to 0.4% of all traumatic lesions. The spectrum of traumatic lesions that can affect the internal carotid artery includes minor lesions like spasm, intimal tears, or mural contusions and serious lesions like pseudoaneurysms and complete occlusion. Delayed clinical presentation is typical and can include headache, hemiparesis, partial Horners syndrome, and cranial nerve palsy. Embolization secondary to the dissection can have devastating effects because it may cause ischemic stroke.


With the welding line planning of vehicle model B of a company as example,the paper elaborates the application of digital factory technology in BIW welding line advanced planning.The paper introduces BIW welding solution based on digital factory as well as content,flow and implementation of advanced planning.Since welding spot reachability analysis,robot simulation analysis and interference check,etc.,are conducted in the advanced planning,therefore the design time of jig and gripper are shortened,accuracy rate is improved,modification work in the later stage is considerably reduced.


A legislative report for the Texas Daily Newspaper Association board of directors meeting to be held December 1, 2005 at the Headliners Club in Austin, Texas. The purpose of the legislative report is to give the board of directors and the association's members news updates on how the Texas newspaper industry fared during the year.


There are just two comments on filial piety in Laozi. That is, filial piety is denied in Chapter 18, whereas affirmed in Chapter 19. A lot of studies...


Mutations in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene are the most common cause of familial chylomicronemia. Here we define the molecular basis of LPL deficiency in four patients of German, French, Dutch, and Chinese descent. We show that two of the probands of Dutch and Chinese origin have a previously described Arg243His mutation while the patients of German and French descent have a novel Arg243 Cys substitution in their LPL gene. Haplotype analysis is in favour of two separate origins for the Arg243 Cys substitution which together with the Arg243 His mutation would implicate three recurrent mutations involving the first and second nuclcotides of the codon encoding Arg243 of the LPL gene. The recurrent mutations affecting the first and second nucleotide of CGC coding for the normal Arg residue are support for the high mutability of CpG dinucleotides within the LPL gene. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


that of "critical catalyst." The church's mission is the "indirect infection of other religions with Christian ideas, values, and principles." In relating to the cultural life of the world, the church's project is not the creation of new Christian-cultural institutions, but influencing and infecting the prevailing economic, political, and social ones. The church's mission in the world is the liberation of man and nature from economic exploitation, political repression, and social discriminations that effect man's alienation from man. These liberations are the fulfillment of the kingdom in the world. The church's third constitutive relationship is to the economic life of the trinity. This relationship defines the inner life and structures of the Christian community, making it the church. From his eschatological perspective, Moltmann presents these ecclesial structures and processes as signs of the presence of the Spirit: in the Word, baptism, the Lord's supper, worship, and the messianic way of life. In addition, they are structures of authority and service signified in specific community roles and assignments; the "products" of the power of the Spirit. The four enduring marks of the authentic presence and power of the Spirit are: unity in freedom, catholicity without partisanship, holiness in poverty, and the apostolate of suffering. This is a book of ponderous style and limited pedagogical utility. It bears the constant mark of both theological depth and ministerial conviction. Perhaps it displays too much of the latter. In any case, it is a book best suited for graduate courses in ecclesiology. Undergraduates simply would not endure it. For its Catholic readers, the book may not significantly add to the ecclesiological discussion already underway in the works of men like Kiing, Rahner, Dulles, McBrien et al. In fact, Moltmann's messianic ecclesiology, for me, seems less perceptive and precise in his discussion of the issues. His discussion of the church's relationship to the world religions, for example, lacks the mark of reciprocity critical to such theological reflection. Often he seems to blur the legitimate distinction between being Christian and the explicit Christian structures of the church. Moreover, one pivotal question lingers, unanswered, in Moltmann's messianic ecclesiology. Is the identity of the church best understood when the church is depicted as a religious-social institution, among others, seeking economic, political, and cultural liberations? Do we uniquely need such a church so defined by these roles and missions?


Speakers must select only one role in conversation.This paper analyzes the value of role selection of speakers.To select the role fitting in with the context can formulate the speaker's speech and body language,avoid breaking off communication,making suitable emotional distances,and avoid having trouble with listeners.But speakers usually ignore the role selection.If speakers failed to select the role fitting in with the context,the purpose of the communication can't be accomplished.Speakers need to select the role fitting in with the context to accomplish communication purpose.


In recent years, the ethics of neurotechnology are emerging as a major area of research within neuroethics. In this paper, we comment on the state of the art and discussions in this area, addressing a number of key questions and making suggestions for the way forward concerning certain under-appreciated aspects. We argue that for embedding new, emerging and future neurotechnologies in society, interactions between the various stakeholder groups and their interests should be analyzed in more detail, and the spectrum of involved stakeholder groups as well as the thematic scope of activities and discussions should be broadened.


In this paper, it presents the computer-aided design and test results of a compact hysteresis synchronous motor used as the drive motor of a gyroscope. Hysteresis motor is the best choice for this application because of its compactness and reliability. Also it has self-starting capability and it does not require any position sensor and communication circuits.


only su h dynami and stati soliton{like solutions as one kink (antikink) were onsidered for the self{similarity ase. Here tt = 2 = t 2 and so on. To study a oupled state of kink and antikink one should introdu e an external for e [1℄ or onsider using perturbative approa h su h a eld on guration whi h orresponds to the sum of kink and antikink plus a small additional term [2℄{ [4℄. In su h a ase the problem an be solved numeri ally or by onsidering a linearized version of equation for the small term. A numeri al investigation has demonstrated the existen e of a quasistable approximate oupled state whi h de ays in time [5℄{ [7℄.


A reported copper chelation method for histamine determination was modified for use in decomposing yellowfin tuna steaks. The assay consisted of histamine extraction with hot methanol, purification by rapid cation exchange chromatography, and addition of copper and a dye to the purified sample to form an easily visualized red complex with the histamine. This method detected histamine in the low mg% range in yellowfin tuna steaks with an accuracy comparable to the standard fluorometric histamine assay. It is an alternative to the standard assay when a visual test is desirable or a fluorometer is not available.


This study examines the relations between the University and State (political power) with a particular reference of Addis Ababa University under the three successive regimes. Methodologically, the study employed qualitative methodological approach and case study research design. Accordingly, the study has used both primary and secondary sources of data in which primary data were gathered through key informant interviews while secondary data were collected from books, journal articles, reports and institutional website sources. In view of that, the study employed qualitative methods of data analysis particularly document analysis and descriptive narrative. The finding of the study shows that there exist a complex, even sometimes a destructive, and in certain cases a hostile relation between the University (Addis Ababa University) and the State which is an element of continuity. The study identifies that the university-State relation under the three regimes have followed a top-down approach with a different degree. Though each supplies the other, their relations remain suspicious. On the one hand, the university contributes to the socio-economic and political development of the State by producing manpower while the State provides fund. On the other hand, the university, throughout the three regimes, has always been a source of resistance, protest, and even revolution and armed struggle. This is common to all the three regimes. As a response, all the three regimes have responded violently though with different. The study has come up with the reasons that cause the relations between the university and the State uncertain and suspicious. This includes absence of institutional autonomy and academic freedom, State interference, State dominance of the administration of university and the political orientation of each regime. This study, therefore, calls that unless the top down model of relations between the university and the State is not revised, and institutional autonomy granted, it would be the norm to have tense relations between them. Thus, it would be paramount to have a culture of interdependence in their future relations.


The method of designing frames of special machines for road construction and public utilities is considered, which allows you to design special machines with a given level of reliability and durability. The technique allows using modern computer modeling systems to carry out constructive refinement of the base tractor frame using experimental and mathematical modeling data. Using the design feature of tractors of the T–150K family, namely the presence of an articulated joint, it is possible, using a modular principle, to quickly design various machines for various industries. However, in order to design reliable machines, one must have a methodology for designing such machines. There is currently no such technique. When designing special machines, designers perform calculations only for working equipment. But as practice shows, the critical elements of the machine in this case, the support of the vertical hinge of the tractor frame during the operation of the pressurized machine (wheeled bulldozer and front loader), experience shock loads that lead to the destruction of the frame of the base tractor. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for designing a complex of road–building machines on the basis of mass–produced tractors with an articulated frame produced by public limited company "KhTZ".


An analysis for wideband spectrum sensing of many primary users active in cognitive radios has been presented. The spectrum holes occur while all the signals in wide band are detected and separated. This paper focuses on the multi-signals separation problem while the signal number is uncertain and the noise floor spectrum is non-flat. The wideband spectrum is recursively divided into smaller scale spectrums until all the signals in wide band is detected and separated. A FSM is built with six states from the energy characteristic of signal spectrum sharp to detect and separate a single signal, and detection processing is transitions of the state. The signal can be detected and separated by FSM. At last, the simulations and experiments validate the study.


Objective To explore the diagnosis,pathogenesis and treatment strategy of acquired amegakryocyte thrombocytopenic purpura(AATP)through analysis of the clinical data of patients with AATP.Methods The clinical and laboratory materials together with the past history,disease progress and treatment outcomes of 16 cases diagnosed with AATP were collected and analyzed.Patient,s age,peripheral platelet count and megakryocyte numbers at presentation and the presence of anti-platelet antibodies or auto-antibodies in different treatment groups were compared.Results 4 patients have a history of immune-induced thrombocytopenia.4 cases were responsive to corticosteroid therapy,1 was responsive to splenectomy.Among the remaining patients,4 responded to cyclosporine A,1 responded to cyclophosphamide and 6 were non-responsive to the above therapies.Response to corticosteroid was not related with any of the above parameters.3 of our patients progressed to aplastic anemia and 1 to myelodysplastic syndrome.Conclusion Only a few AATP patients responded to corticosteroid.Others were responsive to additional cyclosporine A or CTX therapy.We are the first to find that some AATP cases progressed from immune-induced thrombocytopenia which implicated the role of immunological factors in the pathogenesis of the disease.Long-term follow-up of patients are necessary for some cases may progress to other types of hematologic diseases.


The relative electrocatalytic activities of some binary platinum alloys for the oxidation and ionisation of hydrogen and the anodic oxidation of methanol are briejy described. For the hydrogen electrode reaction in acid solution the ruthenium-platinum and rhodium-platinum alloys are generally not as active as bright platinum itself. This i s also found f o r the anodic oxidation of methanol in acid solution. At the low voltametric "sweep'? rates used in the latter experiments the activities are somewhat greater on the reverse scan, from high to low positive potentials, than on the forward scan.