The first factor limiting activation can be attacked from within the MTcommunity namely by making the language data available to potential competition at a price that is beneficial to both parties. The enhancement of the data will be well taken care of by further MT-development as well as that of building general language engineering resources within the European Community. The issue of re-usability of the data is directly related to linguistic purism that we will not discuss further.


This study is to present qualitative research on characteristics of voice major college students in the viewpoint of Myeong-li(Saju) science with the 'Ten Stars' theory. 10 Saju Samples(using their birthday and time of birth) for students who already graduated, and another 10 Saju samples who are now attending classes were gathered to be analyzed. Recent tendancy of Myeong-li Science is not mainly for fortune-telling but to reveal each human being's potency and possibility of his career development process thoughout his life. Analysis results for 10 students who already graduated showed that all of them are now working as professional singers or voice coaches and they mostly have at least 1 element among Shik-shin(expression), Sang-kwan(creativeness) and Pyeon-in(skill intentionality) elements of Ten Star theory of Saju. Analysis results for another 10 students who are attending classes showed that they also have at least 1 element among those 3 key elemnets, which is also relevant in comparison with the Career Interest Test from the Worknet website. Their Worknet test result is that they all have strong artistic characteristics and high self-esteem. Voice major college students are moslty don't prefer to work under strict and rigid culture of the companies and willing to build their careers as freelancers. For this reason they need to realize their tendencies, charaters, strength and weakness in addition to their musical abilities. Career counseling using traditional Myeong-li(Saju) science would help them to understand themselves and their future tendencies and possibilties.


Communications of a mobile station with a satellite mobile communications system and a terrestrial mobile communications system are coordinated. The mobile station is registered with the terrestrial mobile communications system and, responsive to the registration of the mobile station with the terrestrial mobile communications system, the mobile station is concurrently registered with the satellite mobile communications system. The concurrent registration may include implicitly registering the mobile station with the satellite mobile communications system, e.g., by storing information identifying the mobile station may be stored in a location register of the satellite mobile communications system responsive to the registration of the mobile station with the terrestrial mobile communications system, and maintaining synchronization between the two registrations. Authentication tokens may be pre-generated for quick re-registration with a satellite mobile communications system.


This report offers analysis of two contemporary zombie apocalypse novels that imagine the future for the United States. By considering how Max Brooks' World War Z and Colson Whitehead's Zone One participate in critical conversations regarding postmodernity, this report reveals that these authors use the zombie apocalypse narrative to express concerns about social and cultural pathologies, as well as possibilities for utopian reform in the twenty-first century. By imagining the zombie horde as the radical other, the novels engage in discussions regarding racial and class inequalities in contemporary America. Ultimately, my analysis of these two texts reveals a disturbing tendency to imagine the zombie apocalypse as the solution to America's persistent social and political dilemmas.


Abstract The article describes a Bayesian approach to deriving population estimates from multiple administrative data sources. Coverage rates play an important role in the approach: identifying anomalies in coverage rates is a key step in the model-building process, and data sources receive more weight within the model if their coverage rates are more consistent. Random variation in population processes and measurement processes is dealt with naturally within the model, and all outputs come with measures of uncertainty. The model is applied to the problem of estimating regional populations in New Zealand. The New Zealand example illustrates the continuing importance of coverage surveys.


We report the synthesis of a readily curable and degradable resin using an alternating copolymer of maleic anhydride and 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene. The anhydride moiety of the alternating copolymer reacted with difunctional compounds, such as diepoxy, diol, and diamine derivatives as the crosslinkers, to produce network polymers by thermal curing. The subsequent ozone degradation of these thermosetting resins induced the cleavage of a carbon-to-carbon double bond in the polymer main chains, leading to the re-solubilization and surface modification of the crosslinked polymer materials.


Objective To assess the frequency and common location of fenestrations of intracranial arteries and a possible relationship with aneurysms.Materials and Methods From December 2008 to October 2009,412 craniocervical CT angiography(CTA)were reviewed.The reconstructed images were processed using Volume Rending(VR)and maximal intensity projection(MIP)techniques.Results In 41 patients,44 fenestrations were detected.23 fenestrations located in anterior communicating artery region,18 fenestrations in basilar artery,2 fenestrations in intracranial vertebral artery and 1 fenestration in middle cerebral artery.The frequency of fenestrations in 48 patients with aneurysms were not different from that in 326 patients without aneurysms.Conclusion With CTA,intracranial artery fenestrations could be clearly detected in 10.7% patients.The common locations were the anterior communicating artery region and basilar artery.A definite relationship between fenestrations and aneurysms couldn't be concluded.


Dragons are mythological creatures which almost any person on earth knows and is able to recognise. There have been depictions and descriptions of dragons in almost every human culture for at least centuries, possibly longer. This is remarkable, because dragons are not real, but only exist in our collective imagination. All kinds of stories, concepts, and rumours can become collective knowledge through verbal communication, but what makes a concept like a dragon remarkable is the level of detail in which people can describe it, and how that level of detail has persisted for long periods of time. We would probably describe a dragon today in much the same words as our ancestors did a thousand years ago. The reason for this level of detail and its persistence lies in the fact that there are drawings and written descriptions of dragons. Drawing and writing are ways to record observations, but the same method of recording can also be used to record products of our imagination. The recording itself does not reveal whether the described object is real or fictitious. The historical developments of drawing, writing, and bookkeeping are all closely related, because they are all ways to record observations and ideas. The difference between an observation and an idea is that an observation is a reflection of the real world, while an idea is a reflection of the imagination. The fact that the same method of recording can be used for both fact and fiction was embraced early on, and we have become perfectly comfortable with reading books, or looking at images which may be accurate documentaries or creative works of art. It is only recently, however, that the same dichotomy has emerged in the domain of bookkeeping. Usually, we expect bookkeeping to be strictly factual. It is difficult to see what utility accounts would have unless they are accurate records of things of value. Bookkeeping is closely related to safekeeping, so that goods stored in a warehouse are kept account of using an inventory, and assets stored in a bank are kept account of using a ledger. Accounts are also commonly kept of claims, commitments, and debts between two or more people. Management and Organization Review 16:1, February 2020, 211–214 doi: 10.1017/mor.2019.67


To examine the benefits of a guideline‐based educational program to improve management of unstable angina pectoris (UAP) in hospital patients.


This work is geared towards analysing the Influence of Salinity on CO2 Sequestration using direct Flue Gas Injection Method into Gas Hydrate Reservoirs. The method used for the experiment was the absolute introduction of flue gas into a mimicked gas hydrate body. The results of the experiments showed that because of the kinetic inhibition of the crystallization of CO2 hydrate by NaCl, the measure of CO2 that was captured reduced to 44.5% and 21.8% for systems with Experiments 2 and 3 mass% respectively for the aqueous phase. An increase in the consumption of CO2 with salinity was observed which indicated that the reduction in the amount of CO2 in the 5 and 10 mass% NaCl systems was as a result of the formation of CO2 precipitates in the system. From the analysis gotten, it was clearly observed that saline environment which are rich in water could be gotten in marine sediment and deep saline aquifers and poses as very suitable candidates for the implementation of CO2 sequestration in hydrate form and other available forms.


Introduced in response to several high profile US corporate collapses the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 has proven to be a gold mine for academic researchers: after only five years no less than 528 studies of SOX appear on the Social Sciences Research Network (www.ssrn.com). This essay seeks to review the results of this research and provide a concise summary of the available evidence as of late 2007. Overall although SOX appears to have had some beneficial effects it has also: increased the costs of auditing governance and human capital and compliance more generally; induced a mis-match between auditors and firms; encouraged firms to delist or otherwise stay below the regulatory radar; lowered corporate investment and risk-taking; and had ambiguous effects on the quality of investor information and capital market eeffciency.


This article reviews Nazi confiscations during World War II, focusing on three major points: 1) the theory and rational behind the confiscations; 2) the laws enabling the seizure of property; and 3) the organizations and people responsible for the looting. The story of Maria Altmann illustrates the complexity of international laws involved in recovering looted art works. Altmann v. Austria is a landmark case because it was the first of its kind to reach the U. S. Supreme Court. In January 2006, Mrs. Altmann agreed to binding arbitration in Austria; the three judges unanimously awarded her 5 of the 6 paintings by Gustav Klimt to which she is heir. In late March 2006, the paintings arrived in Los Angeles where the most famous of the paintings, Adele Bloch-Bauer I was placed on display in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.


"Shi Ke Yi Yuan" and related theses have been an important traditional poetic proposition.It was raised from a speech by Qian Zhongshu,then respected by large numbers.But with a cross-examination of this proposition,we found that:although it is historically reasonable,there are still some logical loopholes on it.On the one hand it does not apply to all the literary genre,on the other hand,even just apply to poetics it is also biased.As a result,althouth it seems unambiguous,this proposition can become a barrier to the fulldevelopment of the literature.


This paper demonstrates an effective method for combining measurements from a gyroscope and rotary wheel encoders (odometry) in mobile robot localization. Sensor fusion of this kind is done using an Extended Kalman filter obtained from the values of above sensors for a mobile autonomous robot. Many such methods implement a statistical model that describes the behaviour of the gyroscope and the odometry component. However, because these systems are based on models, they cannot anticipate the unpredictable and potentially "catastrophic" effects of irregularities and frictional changes occasionally encountered on the floor. We present experimental evidence that non-systematic odometry error sources impact the robot's motion. Therefore a new approach has been developed based on a study of the physical interaction between ground and the robot. This approach has been implemented by developing an embedded system with ARM 7 based LPC2148 micro-controller. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively reduces the localization error while yielding feasible parameter estimation.


Abstract Six trials were conducted in the dry and wet seasons on potassium (K)‐deficient Barind soils (Aeric Haplaquept) to evaluate the response of rice to potassium (K) fertilizer. The application of 30 kg K ha‐1 significantly increased rice grain yields at all the test locations. In some cases, grain yield increased consistently up to 120 kg ha‐1 of applied K. Rice yield responded quadratically to K application. The calculated maximum K doses were 114 kg ha‐1 for the dry season and 165 kg ha‐1 for the wet season. The calculated optimum doses of K application were 100 kg ha‐1 and 147 kg ha‐1 for the dry season and wet season, respectively. Application of K fertilizer increased K content only in the straw, but not in the grain. The K use efficiency of wetland rice at 30 kg K level was 16.7 kg grain kg‐1 applied K in the dry season and 10.0 to 33.3 kg grain kg‐1 applied K in the wet season. The K uptake by rice was higher in the dry season than in the wet season. The average apparent K recovery at 30 kg K...


Bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets are widely used in the fields of electrical appliances, automation equipment and automobile due to their stable magnetic properties, and easy processing into smaller [1]–[3]. However, the use of epoxy (EP) bonded magnets is limited because of poor mechanical properties and low heat resistance of epoxy. In this work, phenol formaldehyde resin (PF) was considered as a binder for NdFeB magnets because PF has high temperature resistance properties and excellent bonding properties. The magnetic properties, mechanical properties and fracture morphology were investigated. The results show that PF can endow high temperature resistance and excellent mechanical properties to the material.


Objective To investigate the relationship between day and night regularity of ventricular premature contraction(VPC) without organic heart diseases,activity of autonomic nervous system and prognosis.Methods Fourty children without apparent heart disease were examined with 24 h dynamic electrocardiogram(DCE),the function of autonomic nervous system,high frequency ECG (HEFCG)and ventricular late potential(VLP).Follow up information was collected.Results (1)DCG:of 40 children with VPC,11(27.5%)were the day type VPC,8(20.0%)were the night type,21(52.5%)were the PLmixed type.(2)The function of autonomic nervoux system:8 patients were increased activity of sympathetic nerve in 11 of the day type;all patients were enhanced activity of vagus nerve in 8 of the night type;of 21 children with the mixed type,3 increased activity of sympathetic,2 enhanced activity of vagus nerve and 16 no sympathetic or vagus nervous enhancing.(3)Follow up results:none had syncope and sudden death.Conclusion VPC of children without organic heart disease is partly correlated to the function of autonomic nervous system,and has the day and night regulation,that the day type as sympathetic enhancing,the night type as vagus nervous enhancing.There are the most number of single uniform VPC and a small number of multiform VPC.Prognosis appears benign,and therapy with anti arrhythmia drugs for VPC is not necessity.


Women own a substantial percentage of small scale enterprises worldwide and play critical roles in rural development. They, however, remain disadvantaged in terms of access to financial support for starting and expanding their businesses. This paper examined the prospects and challenges of developing women-owned businesses through micro-finance as a strategy for poverty alleviation in the Nanumba North and South Districts of the Northern Region of Ghana. Applying the mixed research methodological research strategy to explore the subject, the paper suggests that women micro-enterprise development through micro-finance positively impacted on the lives of rural women entrepreneurs and their households regarding self-employment, better incomes, household food security, enrolment and retention of children in school, greater access to health care and access to information on reproductive health issues. In this regard, the paper argues that strategies that aim at boosting rural women's productive capacity and enhancing their direct access to financial services ought to be encouraged as this lead to higher investment in human capital and greater impact on children's health, nutrition and education, with tremendous long term positive implications for families and societal progress. Keywords: Micro-Finance, Micro-Enterprise, Women-owned Enterprise Development


With the rapid growth of indoor positioning requirements without equipment and the convenience of channel state information acquisition, the research on indoor fingerprint positioning based on channel state information is increasingly valued. In this article, a multi-level fingerprinting approach is proposed, which is composed of two-level methods: the first layer is achieved by deep learning and the second layer is implemented by the optimal subcarriers filtering method. This method using channel state information is termed multi-level fingerprinting with deep learning. Deep neural networks are applied in the deep learning of the first layer of multi-level fingerprinting with deep learning, which includes two phases: an offline training phase and an online localization phase. In the offline training phase, deep neural networks are used to train the optimal weights. In the online localization phase, the top five closest positions to the location position are obtained through forward propagation. The second layer optimizes the results of the first layer through the optimal subcarriers filtering method. Under the accuracy of 0.6 m, the positioning accuracy of two common environments has reached, respectively, 96% and 93.9%. The evaluation results show that the positioning accuracy of this method is better than the method based on received signal strength, and it is better than the support vector machine method, which is also slightly improved compared with the deep learning method.


Harbermas thinks that Individual Unification and Group Unification were adapted mutually in historical process.The development of Individual Unification and Group Unification was identical with the development of the Sciences of Anthropology and Sociology.The development of the two was also influenced by religious phenomenon.It raised the challenge to the legitimacy of rational unification of both constitutional state and authoritative state.Unification is necessary for any social development,but any state,any country,any nation,or any party can't finish the overburdening duty of Unification for the progress of the globe.So they all need learn from each other and learn for each other.The Unification for the progress of the globe can be made,if every nation learns to deal with its own tradition critically,and gather all good elements of other nations in the learning process.Therefore,the Unification can be made in the widespread association level of Compound society,it is based on the process of learning and associational action for the members of the globe,and is not based on the process of making policy from any state political system.


This paper develops a three-phase front-end power conversion stage for data center power supplies based on 400 Vdc power delivery architecture, which has been proven to have higher efficiency than traditional AC architectures. The front-end stage is based on three paralleled three-phase current source rectifiers, which have several benefits for this application. A control method is introduced for paralleled three-phase current source rectifiers to achieve balanced outputs and individual rectifier module hot-swap, which are required by power supply systems. By using SiC power semiconductors, the power conversion efficiency of the front-end stage is improved and the whole efficiency of the data center power supply system can be further increased.


A model of short path distillation plant has been experimented in the physical refining of sunflower oil. Results and discussion are reported about its effects of deep neutralization, of partial deodorization and wax separation in protective operating conditions Calculation methods and comparative tests devoted to the optimization of the working conditions are shown


The testing of the TOPEX Microwave Radiometer (TMR) is described in terms of hardware development based on the modeling and thermal vacuum testing conducted. The TMR and the vacuum-test facility are described, and the thermal verification test includes a hot steady-state segment, a cold steady-state segment, and a cold survival mode segment totalling 65 hours. A graphic description is given of the test history which is related temperature tracking, and two multinode TMR test-chamber models are compared to the test results. Large discrepancies between the test data and the model predictions are attributed to contact conductance, effective emittance from the multilayer insulation, and heat leaks related to deviations from the flight configuration. The TMR thermal testing/modeling effort is shown to provide technical corrections for the procedure outlined, and the need for validating predictive models is underscored.


Industrial sociology and studies in the social-psychology of organizations have long been concerned with the effects of work setting on mental health. Despite the familiarity of the expression "My job is driving me to drink," very little research has focused on the effects of work-setting induced stress on increased alcohol consumption. In this paper we test two hypotheses linking the perception of various work-setting problems to (1) the frequency of drinking, and (2) reasons proffered for drinking. Data on a national sample of workers are used to test these hypotheses, controlling for job status, education, age and sex. To test the first hypothesis a five-way analysis of variance was performed for each of eight possible work-setting problems; for the second hypothesis a series of log-linear models were estimated to determine whether attitudes towards drinking differ by the presence or absence of work-setting problems. Results on the first hypothesis were mixed, but the log-linear analysis indicated that a worker is much more likely to state a particular reason for drinking is important if helshe experiences any one of eight different worksetting problems.


This article proposes two models of group decision making that integrate mathematical and behavioral concepts. Further, the results of an empirical test of these two integrated spatial proximity multicriteria decision-making-problem-solving technology models are presented. The performance of these models is compared to the performance of a nonintegrated multicriteria model for two strategic operations decisions: plant location and process selection. The empirical test utilized free simulation methodology and was conducted in the context of the Business Management Laboratory simulation game. Results include the finding that both the integrated and nonintegrated models generally described choices more accurately than a random process did. Findings relating the performance of the integrated models to that of the nonintegrated model were mixed. For the process selection decision, one integrated model, TOPSIS-PST, outperformed the others. Additional results indicate that the number of decision criteria might be a critical factor to consider when selecting a multicriteria decision-making model Finally, the study showed free simulation to be a valuable methodology for the study of multicriteria decision making.


State Cadastre of the marine coastal zone of the Russian Federation (RF SCMCZ) is created to ordering of information about resources and capabilities of the coastal zone as a set of data, including qualitative and quantitative inventory of the objects or phenomena and their economic evaluation. The main legal acts necessary for the preparation of methodological and legal foundations of the RF SCMCZ and its filling are the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Land, Water and Forestry Codes and Cadastres, and other laws of the Russian Federation. RF SCMCZ is complex structure document that includes a multi-stage information on administrative, economic, legal, environmental and socio-economic characteristics of a single (coherent) area above and below the modern sea level. RF SCMCZ should be regarded as specially organized set of software and hardware tools to enter, store, save, visualize, analyze, synthesize and present in an easy to use spatially widespread (geographically referenced) information of the marine coastal zones of the Russian Federation. The model of RF SCMCZ as an Information System (IS) realized on the Russian sector of the Baltic Sea which consist the Eastern Gulf of Finland and the Kaliningrad area including their coastal zone.


Kleinrock first showed that, for a multiclass M/G/1 queue, the expected waiting times for all classes satisfy a simple linear equality constraint that is independent of queue discipline for a large class of disciplines. We generalize here the conditions under which this result holds and give a simpler proof.


The history of the growth of the Protein Data Bank and the role that the community has played in developing standards and policies are described.


To meet the expectations of its clients, the Railway Rolling Stock Department has always sought to improve performance levels of rolling stock for operation. Computer networks have the capacity of realizing the exchange of numerous information, their computers have the ability to process a large number of complex functions while improving the overall availability. Consequently the introduction of computer networks on board modern rolling stock became essential. In order to succeed in this introduction, the Railway Rolling Stock Department has developed powerful tools which enable global validation of this modern equipment prior to delivery.


Summary The genera Austrosarepta Hedley, 1899, and Denticosa Iredale, 1930, are considered to be synonyms of Lissarca E. A. Smith, 1877, and Cratis Hedley, 1915, respectively. A colour variety of Lissarca elliptica (Laseron, 1953) and a new species, Cratis delicata, are described and figured.


Based on the study by Katalin Bordásné Gyuris entitled "Innovative methods in the teaching of folk art", this article presents the state of the art of teaching ethnography/ fine arts in secondary schools.


The invention relates to a sealing member (C) intended for being mounted on an opening (31) of a fluid-product container (P), said member including:a basic body (1) forming an opening for dispensing the fluid product (17), a mounting part (20) in which the basic body (1) is received in a stationary manner, and a plugging lid (25) intended for plugging the dispensing opening (17), the lid (25) being connected to the mounting part by a hinge (26), the lid (25) and the part (20) being produced as one piece, the lid (25) being initially connected to the mounting part (20) by at least one bridge of material (28) that can break before opening the lid for the first time, characterized in that the basic body (1) lies entirely inside the mounting part (20).


The connection between renormalization schemes (RS's) and the renormalization group (RG) functions for a massive Yang–Mills theory is investigated. The RS's are defined in a manner independent of the regularization procedure. The RS transformations are defined in such a way that it is clear that they form a group. It is shown that to a given set of RG functions corresponds an infinite number of RS's. The subgroup of RS transformations which leave invariant the (mass‐shell) MS‐RG functions is carefully described. Gauge invariance, regularity of the theory when m→0 and mass decoupling are imposed and the corresponding indeterminations of RS's are given. It is seen that a RS which fulfills simultaneously the above conditions does not exist.


Conservation by Voltage Reduction (CVR) is the implementation of a distribution voltage strategy whereby all voltages are lowered to the minimum allowed by the equipment manufacturer. This is a consequence of the observation that loads with primarily impedance only characteristics consume less power when they are fed with a voltage lower than nominal. By reducing feeder voltages, especially during peak demand hours, utilities will benefit through lower energy losses and lower peak generation capacity. Although CVR holds great potential in saving energy, it has been overlooked due to problems associated with cost, implementation, and loads which border on undervoltage violations during peak loading hours. There exists a need to develop a smart demand-side management device based on the concept of CVR that helps in regulating residential voltages, especially during heavy loading where the lowest voltage loads dictate the substation voltage for the distribution feeder. This paper investigates a solution to the CVR problem based on the novel concept of a Residential Static VAR Compensator (RSVC) for regulating residential voltages on distribution feeders.


The purpose of this study was to determine the major factors associated with maternal and child malnutrition in Turkana County, Kenya, where 94% of the population lives in absolute poverty . The ultimate goal was to use these data to design a sustainable community based nutrition education intervention that would decrease malnutrition among women and children in Turkana.


The objective of this research is to build a theoretical and an empirical model of Risk-weighted assets in banking industry. This study is very important for the banks because in uncertainty of environment, the banks must prudently when lend the money to the counterparty, so the default risk could be minimized. This study also wanted to investigate and test empirically direct and indirect effects of; first, Exposure Valuation to Credit Default, second, Loan Exposure Valuation to the Risk-weighted assets, third, the Risk-weighted assets to Credit Default at the local bank that listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2008 – 2012.The Structural Equation Modeling by Amos Software 21.00 used to analysis data which result have a high goodness of fit, and the test of simultaneous and individual test proved significant with coefficient 0.60. The result of analysis shows that; first, Loan Exposure valuation not significantly positive influence to Credit Default, second, Loan Exposure valuation significantly positive influence to Risk-weighted assets, third, the Risk-weighted assets significantly positive influence to Credit Default, So the mediating effect of Risk - weighted assets on the affecting of Loan Exposure valuation toward Credit Default more strength than direct effect of Exposure Valuation to Credit Default.This study recommends about the importance of Valuation Exposure of Loan precisely such as; realized of credit, investment, placement, and to manage or control Risk-weighted assets to obtain a low risk that a low credit default also. Keywords: Loan, Exposure, Valuation, Risk, Default


One aspect of the practice of medicine that I struggle with is how much of my own experiences to share with patients.


The invention relates to a preparation method of wheat protein acid salt from the wheat protein. The adopted raw material is the wet gluten or the wheat gluten produced in the existing wheat processing. The preparation procedures is carried out as follows, firstly a certain amount of water is added into the vessel, the water amount is 3 to 100 times of the weight of the wheat gluten or the wet gluten, pH value is adjusted to 8 to 14 by alkali, the wet gluten or the wheat gluten is added into the prepared solution and the solution is agitated to dissolve completely, the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 7.0 to 11.0 by acid, finally the solution is dried to obtain the wheat protein acid salt. The wheat protein acid salt prepared by the method of the invention can be used as the emulsifier, the stabilizer and the thickening agent, and as the adhesives in the coating and label production for replacing the non-environmental friendly chemical synthesis adhesive.


Background Natural-focal diseases have always been a kind of serious disease that endangers human health. It threatens about 100 million people in Shandong Province, and causes illness in thousands of people each year. However, information on the epidemiological characteristics of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province has been limited. The purpose of the study is to describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province, 2009-2017. Methods We describe the incidence and distribution of 4 species natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province using surveillance data from 2009-2017. Results From 2009-2017, 11123 cases of 4 species natural-focal diseases including 257 deaths were reported in Shandong Province, China. The 4 species natural-focal diseases were severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), typhus and scrub typhus respectively. The high-risk groups of the 4 species diseases all were farmers and the elderly. The incidence rate of scrub typhus was significantly higher in females, however, this difference was not seen in the other 3 diseases. The 4 species diseases were mainly clustered in middle-southern part of Shandong (Mount Yimeng) and Shandong Peninsula (Laoshan Mountain). The annual incidence of SFTS and scrub typhus had increased in the mass, typhus had been relatively stable, and HGA had declined. However, the popular range of SFTS had been expanding, HGA had been shrinking, and typhus and scrub typhus were unchanged. The epidemic period of SFTS and HGA was from May to October, typhus was from October to November, scrub typhus was from September to November in Shandong Province. The fatality rates of SFTS, typhus, scrub typhus, HGA were 9.19%, 0%, 0.01%, 2.24%, respectively. Conclusions Our study described and analyzed the prevalence of natural-focal diseases in Shandong, and confirmed that age was closely related to the SFTS fatality rate. This study may be applicable to an improved understanding of the prevalence of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province in recent years and the better development of the accurate prevention and control strategies for natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province. Author Summary Natural-focal diseases are a serious public health problem in Shandong Province, China. It threatens about 100 million people in Shandong Province, and causes illness in thousands of people each year. This study used the monitoring data from Shandong Province for 2009-2017 to describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the 4 species natural-focal diseases. The results showed that the risk population of natural-focal diseases in Shandong Province was farmers and the elderly, the epidemic season was mainly in summer and autumn, the middle-southern part of Shandong Province and Shandong Peninsula were more seriously affected compared with other regions. In addition, the epidemic area of SFTS was expanded, with a fatality rate of 9.19%. These findings indicated that public awareness of natural-focal diseases should be raised in the epidemic focus, especially for farmers, and further efforts should be strengthen specially in high-risk areas and during the epidemic season.


A quasi two-body QCD factorization is used to study the D0 → K0 S π π decays. The presently available high-statistics Dalitz plot data of this process measured by the Belle and BABAR Collaborations are analyzed together wi th theτ → K0 Sπ ντ decay data. The total experimental branching fraction is also inc luded in the fits which show a very good overall agreement with the experimental Dalitz p lot density distributions. The branching fractions of the dominant channels compare we ll with those of the isobar Belle or BABAR models. We show that the branching fractions c orresponding to the annihilation amplitudes are significant.


In recent decades the importance of the urbanization process and the growing relevance of the services sector inside economies have been the object of analysis from different disciplinary and methodological approaches. Nevertheless, for the case of Nayarit, few have analyzed the behavior and evolution of the productive structure, especially of its services sector. We intend to contribute with this work, analyzing the effect of specialization and productivity of the services sector in the economic growth of the State of Nayarit during the period 1980-2003.


This paper describes health monitoring of concrete aerial structures for a light-rail train system. The purpose of the study is to perform structural diagnostics and in-situ inspection for 8 line sections under various climate conditions, and with incremental static loading during construction, and dynamic loading due to moving trains. The field diagnostics include instrumentation on piers, pier caps, bridge girders and decks with electrical strain gages and tilt meters. Initial gage-installation efforts are focused on in-situ temperature developed in bridge decks and rail pads. Some tilt plates are installed early prior to deck construction on piers and beams to study the effects of deck placement such as changes in camber and pier rotation. Temperature gages to measure surface temperatures are installed next to every gage type. A non-contact infrared sensor is also being used to measure surface temperature. Air and wet bulb temperature are recorded with other measurements along with time and weather conditions. At this time, the in-situ temperature gages provide two datums: information about cement heat of hydration, and information about diurnal deck temperatures. Tilt-meter measurements record de-camber of pre-stressed concrete I-beams. Graphs of these measurements show miscellaneous events such as beam replacements on pads, pouring of decks, diaphragms, etc. Material properties and structural behavior are discussed for several aerial structural components.


Recent research in geomorphology has considered the significance of progressive pedogenesis and climatic change to slope failure initiation for the Holocene, using physically based models. To date, the significance of vegetation change to slope stability has been largely unexplored through modelling, since available physically based models cannot consider vegetation effects directly. To address the existing deficiency this paper adapts, parameterizes and applies a physically based model of slope hydrology and stability to the combined effect of vegetation change and progessive pedogenesis on slope failure initiation. There is considerable debate in the literature concerning the relative significance of climatic change and vegetation modification to slope failure initiation in the Holocene. This paper uses the model to provide additional evidence for situations in which either climatic or vegetation change is significant to slope failure, depending on the prevailing degree of soil development. The results indicate that young podsols appear to be stable under all the climatic and vegetation conditions considered, but mature podsols may be susceptible to failure. Both climate and vegetation influence slope stability, but their relative significance depends on the stage of soil development. In particular, the stability of young soils is influenced considerably by vegetation, while climate assumes greater significance in mature soils. It is recognized that this conclusion is limited to freely draining podsol profiles, and that more research is needed to consider other soil type and vegetation combinations.


The canopy prevents the use of global positioning system based fertilizer applicators in oil palm plantations. Hence, a radio frequency identification triggered variable rate pneumatic fertilizer system was developed for this application. A real-time embedded system was used as the core controller, LabVIEW software was used to program and coordinate the operations of the embedded system and the host computer. A speed measuring unit was used to provide feedback to the system. A field test was conducted to examine the response time. The sensors were calibrated in the laboratory and the measurement linearity had regression coefficients close to 1. Two to three seconds were required for the device to respond to changes in application rate. It is expected that this approach will become an alternative in plantations where the canopy hinders proper application of global positioning systems.


One of the great mysteries in current physics is the nature of dark matter. Arguments are brought forward to consider a form dark matter, manifested as a broken local dual symmetry of a bimetric spin-2 theory in the Fierz representation.


The call for universities to play a role in boosting the economic growth caused an education revolution. This led to the rise of entrepreneurial universities that introduced entrepreneurship education to sustain the third mission. Previous studies in entrepreneurship learning argued that entrepreneurial pedagogy methods did not change during the third academic revolution; however, recent research confirms that educators are applying blended mentorship pedagogy to respond to the hybrid nature of entrepreneurship education and to remain engaged with students during entrepreneurship sessions. The fact that past evidence shows that entrepreneurship education impacts students' semantic cognition directed this thesis to research the interactive relationship between educators and students by focusing on the influence of mentorship pedagogy on students' cognitive antecedents. Reviewing past studies supported this research to establish its positivism philosophical stance and generate hypothesised frameworks. To test research models, data were collected from students who were enrolled in UK entrepreneurship education courses; these data were subjected to analysis through a structural equation modelling process Findings show that educators' mentorship pedagogy is influencing students' attitudes, perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intentions. Results also demonstrate that educators' mentorship pedagogy is supporting the knowledge contents of theoretical and practical entrepreneurship education to affect students' cognition. Finally, the thesis reveals the different impacts of traditional teaching, psychosocial functions and career-related mentorship functions on students' cognitive factors. This thesis sheds light on an interactive teaching method within the framework of entrepreneurship education. Furthermore, the research extends the field of entrepreneurship learning by explaining the nature of the active relationship between educators and students in entrepreneurship sessions. It also reveals the interaction between the components of entrepreneurship education and educators' blended mentorship pedagogy.


Abstract This paper discusses four metaphors that capture cultural, social, literary, ideological, and creative constructs of the English language — primarily as a medium of power, shakti. These metaphorical constructs open yet another dimension for our understanding, and indeed interpreting, the reasons for what is called the 'triumphalism' associated with English across world cultures. The range of such metaphors is large, and provides a rich resource of sweet-and-sour constructs of the language. The four metaphors here represent only one head of the Hydra-like multiple constructs of world Englishes.


Abstract Monte Carlo results are presented for the temperature dependence of the tracer diffusion coefficient in the square planar lattice gas with nearest-neighbour interactions at a concentration of 0·5. Below the order/disorder temperature the Arrhenius plot is linear. Above the order/disorder temperature the plot is curved towards lower activation energies. Results are also presented for the temperature dependence of the ratio of the tracer correlation factor to physical correlation factor-the Haven ratio. A remarkable discontinuity is found above the order/disorder temperature.


The DiGeorge syndrome/velocardiofacial syndrome is a complex developmental disorder associated with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. A broad spectrum of clinical features ranging from subtle isolated feature to severe multiorgan defects is found in individuals with 22q11 deletion syndrome [132]. These phenotypic features can be found in various combinations in patients with similar size of deletion, in monozygotic twins and also within members of same family with chromosome 22q11 deletion [77,78]. The individuals with this syndrome often shows congenital heart disease mainly conotruncal malformations and craniofacial defects [12]. Fertility is generally unaffected in patients with 22q11 deletion syndrome. It is difficult to provide genetic counselling and prognostic information to families, since the syndrome is associated with a broad range of clinical features and wide disparity in reported information regarding the dysmorphic facial features. Hence, it is not very easy for clinicians to find who should be offered genetic testing. The best method to confirm the chromosome 22q11 deletion is FISH technique. However, genetic testing on a regular basis for children with congenital heart defect is not feasible, since, it is expensive, time consuming and genetic facilities are unavailable in most places.


This paper investigates and compares two approaches for generating Herbrand models of clausal rst-order theories: Satchmo by R. Manthey and F. Bry and the method introduced by C. Ferm uller and A. Leitsch. A uniform description of the two approaches is given for this purpose. The two approaches turn out to be able to handle similar classes of theories in principle. However, theories are typically handled eeciently by one of the approaches and ineeciently by the other. In this sense, the approaches are complementary. A characterization of the classes of theories for which each of the approaches is better is given and guidelines for a combination of the approaches are derived from this characterization.


A stability and control augmentation system (SCAS) was designed based on a set of comprehensive performance criteria. Linear optimal control theory was applied to determine appropriate feedback gains for the stability augmentation system (SAS). The helicopter was represented by six-degree-of-freedom rigid body equations of motion and constant factors were used as weightings for state and control variables. The ratio of these factors was employed as a parameter for SAS analysis and values of the feedback gains were selected on this basis to satisfy three of the performance criteria for full and partial state feedback systems. A least squares design method was then applied to determine control augmentation system (CAS) cross feed gains to satisfy the remaining seven performance criteria. The SCAS gains were then evaluated by nine degree-of-freedom equations which include flapping motion and conclusions drawn concerning the necessity of including the pitch/regressing and roll/regressing modes in SCAS analyses.


Microelectronic components used in automotive applications have to meet very strict reliability requirements. In addition to the mechanical or thermomechanical stresses resulting from manufacturing and application conditions, also chemical processes have to be considered if the systems are exposed to harsh environmental conditions. In these cases, mechanical stresses do not only determine the risk of deformation-induced failure and cracking but can also affect the diffusion kinetics of any chemical species, e.g. humidity and corrosive compounds. This paper addresses chip-package interaction effects that determine the probability of chip damage by corrosion. The effects of mechanical stress resulting from both the package and from additional external loading on humidity diffusion kinetics, and finally on the resulting failure probability were investigated using finite element analysis (FEA). The simulation results were compared to the experimentally determined failure risk. Further the derived numerical results showed a distinct correlation with the experimentally detected failure risks provoked by different accelerated reliability tests. To validate the correlation between stress-supported diffusion and the occurrence of corrosive failures, a specific dedicated experimental test setup was created. The results showed a very good correlation of corrosive failure modes in the active die structures to the mechanical stresses at the critical regions determined from the accompanying FEA package simulation. In addition, scanning electron microscope investigations revealed that the corrosive chip damage started at locations that were also in accordance with the simulation results.


The p‐adic Colombeau‐Egorov algebra of generalized functions on ℚnp is constructed. For generalized functions the operations of multiplication, Fourier‐transform, convolution, taking pointvalues are defined. The operations of (fractional) partial differentiation and (fractional) partial integration are introduced by the Vladimirov's pseudodifferential operator. The products of Bruhat‐Schwartz distributions are well defined as elements of this algebra. In contrast to the "usual" Colombeau and Egorov ℂ‐theories, where generalized functions on ℝn are not determined by their pointvalues on ℝn, p‐adic Colombeau‐Egorov generalized functions are uniquely determined by their pointvalues on ℚnp. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In many developing countries, basic systems and the framework of society, such as administrative systems and basic infrastructure, are underdeveloped or incomplete, hindering development. In the context of capacity development (CD), which forms the core of its projects, JICA provides cooperation in the social development field focused on social capacity building. In order to successfully develop social capacity while ensuring proper governance, it is important to establish appropriate social systems and frameworks, create adequate regional development plans, construct traffic infrastructure based on such plans, and develop information communication networks. In the area of post-conflict and post-disaster reconstruction and peacebuilding, demand for which has risen in recent years, it is necessary to improve facilities, systems, and networks comprehensively across society in a cross-cutting manner.


No teacher can proceed without the conviction that he/she can produce a change in the students he/she teaches. Causality therefore has always formed an integral part of pedagogical thinking. However, initial attempts, to incorporate causality into pedagogical theory failed. As a result, causality was then rejected. More recently, however, research in psychology, sociology, and organizational theory sought to re-introduce causality in ways that enable its incorporation into pedagogical theory. But even these efforts were not without problems. Second-order observation takes a step back from this endeavor to see what distinctions are made in attributing causes, and which ones are not.


Aromatic azoxy compounds have been prepared in good yields by the selective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds with Zn/AlCl 3 reagent.


In promoting the "second integration" of Marxism and Leninism with China's Reality, taking the Soviet Union's collapse as an alert, the Eighth Session of the CPC Congress made all-around exploration and reflection on the Chinese socialist developmental road, objective, essential tasks, economic system reform, open to the outside strategy, democracy and law construction, science and culture construction, the party-in-power construction and others, proposed a series of far-sighted points of view, and become one of the important source of thoughts in the formation and development of socialist theories with Chinese characteristics after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee.


We present a novel method for simulating groups moving in formation. Recent approaches for simulating group motion operate via forces or velocity-connections. While such approaches are effective for several cases, they do not easily scale to large crowds, irregular formation shapes, and they provide limited fine-grain control over agent and group behaviors. In this paper we propose a novel approach that addresses these difficulties via positional constraints, with a position-based dynamics solver. Our approach allows real-time, interactive simulation of a variety of group numbers, formation shapes, and scenarios of up to thousands of agents.


The article studies the creation, development and current condition of six Institutes for Advanced Study (IAS) in the world today (including two from China), and proposes a general model of IAS involving its mission, development goals and organisational structure. It then discusses the unique characteristics of the innovation period China now stands in, and recommends China to build a national IAS.


Neil Gunn is now generally accepted as the most significant novelist the Highlands of Scotland have produced. This study examines the scope and depth of his work and asseses him as a writer of European stature.


A number of herbal preparations have been shown to interact with prescription medications secondary to modulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) and/or P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of Panax ginseng on CYP3A and P‐gp function using the probe substrates midazolam and fexofenadine, respectively. Twelve healthy participants (8 men) completed this open‐label, single‐sequence pharmacokinetic study. Healthy volunteers received single oral doses of midazolam 8 mg and fexofenadine 120 mg, before and after 28 days of P ginseng 500 mg twice daily. Midazolam and fexofenadine pharmacokinetic parameter values were calculated and compared before and after P ginseng administration. Geometric mean ratios (postginseng/preginseng) for midazolam area under the concentration‐time curve from zero to infinity (AUC0‐∞), half‐life (t1/2), and maximum concentration (Cmax) were significantly reduced at 0.66 (0.55–0.78), 0.71 (0.53–0.90), and 0.74 (0.56–0.93), respectively. Conversely, fexofenadine pharmacokinetics were unaltered by P ginseng administration. Based on these results, P ginseng appeared to induce CYP3A activity in the liver and possibly the gastrointestinal tract. Patients taking P ginseng in combination with CYP3A substrates with narrow therapeutic ranges should be monitored closely for adequate therapeutic response to the substrate medication.


One of the major issues for decreasing the environmental impact of the automotive industry is lowering the weight of the vehicles. For weight reduction purposes, fibre reinforced polymer composites are of interest due to their desirable stiffness per weight properties and the ability to design the material for its specific purpose. Since the development process of this industry is highly based on computer simulations of the components performance, it is of importance to develop the simulation models. This in order to obtain reliable results of the potential failure of the fibre reinforced polymer components and how the composite interacts with metal materials, e.g. in automotive crash simulations. The work within the project is focusing on increasing the understanding of how to model the failure behaviour of mixed material automotive components (a combination of fibre reinforced polymer and ultra high strength steel) at a reasonable computational cost. In this report, a benchmarking study of modelling composite materials using the explicit FE solver LS-DYNA is described, focusing on capturing the delamination behaviour in the lamina interface as well as the composite steel interface. For the study different modelling aspects are investigated, such as composite material models available in LS-DYNA, the compatibility of element types and material models and two different types of adhesive modelling (a tiebreak condition and a cohesive zone). Simulations are run to test the mode I and mode II delamination behaviour. The simulation model is validated using experimental data. The experiments were conducted, specifically for the project, using two different composite laminates. The procedure of designing the composite laminate stackup is described in the report. In both experimental tests the composite shows delamination as well as failure in the composite. The joining between the steel and composite is undamaged in both test cases. The recommendations for modelling of steel-composite structures, includes modelling both steel and composite using thick-shell elements, modelling the adhesive between steel and composite as well as the lamina interface with cohesive elements. LS-DYNA version R9.0.0. is needed in order for the described model procedure to work as intended.


Based on a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of existing strengthening methods, this paper proposes a new strengthening technique with prestressed high-strength steel wire rope (P-SWR) for reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The paper presents the theoretical basis of this new method, an experimental programme of flexural strengthening of RC beams with P-SWR, and a comparison between the results of experimental tests on the proposed methods and the results for a carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet and steel plate. The effectiveness parameters, including the loading method (direct loading or pre-damaged loading), the layers of steel wire rope, bonding or lack of bonding between the steel wire and concrete, and the types of anchorage are discussed. Test results show that the P-SWR can significantly improve the cracking load, stiffness, yield load and ultimate load of RC beams. The final failure model for the beams strengthened with P-SWR has typical characteristics, such as steel yielding,...


This article describes Fox Sports' depiction of sports gambling following the Supreme Court decision legalizing this activity at the federal level. The gambling personas offered by Fox Sports programming are particularly worthy of analysis, given efforts by media networks and sports leagues to rehabilitate the image of the gambler. Applying a critical discourse analysis of industry trade press, mobile app design, and sports gambling television programming, this article demonstrates how the persona of the "benign degenerate" is offered as a masculine fan identity designed to align gambling with more common social tv practices and interactive "transactional participation." The introduction of this new sports gambling persona challenges previous depictions of sports gambling that have categorized this behavior as a form of financialized citizenship.


We demonstrate a pedestal-free multi-wavelength pulse generator using a diverging time-lens. Wavelength assignment scheme is deployed to suppress the pedestal of different wavelengths simultaneously. Four-wavelength 25-GHz pulse trains with ∼3.8-ps pulsewidth are achieved experimentally.


Effects of Si content on the hardness, decomposition of austenite and abrasive wear resistance during subcritical heat treatment of hypoeutectic 16 wt% Cr -2 wt% Mo cast irons were investigated. The hypoeutectic 16 wt%Cr-2wt% Mo cast irons with 0.5-2.0 wt% Si were prepared. The as-cast specimens were heated up to subcritical temperatures at 50 K intervals from 673K for 14.4 ks ,28.8 ks and 43.2 ks and then, cooled to the room temperature by fan air cooling. In the as-cast state, the hardness increased gradually as Si content increased to 1.5 wt% and then decreased rapidly. The size and the amount of eutectic carbides increased with increasing Si content. In the subcritical heat treatment state, the hardness curves showed a secondary hardening due to the transformation of austenite into martensite and the precipitation of secondary carbides. The degree of secondary hardening decreased with increasing Si content. The decomposition fraction of austenite (f) increased abruptly when the holding temperature rose over 823 K. The maximum hardness (H STmax ) was obtained by the condition of 873 K for 14.4-28.8 ks where the f was about 70-80%. The highest value of (H STmax ) 740 HV30 was obtained in the 1.5 wt%Si specimen. The linear relation was obtained between the wear loss and wear distance. The wear loss decreased with an increase in Si content. The highest wear resistance was obtained in the specimen with HSTmax and the lowest wear resistance was obtained in over-tempered specimen.


The invention provides a device and method for automatically discriminating cocoon sexuality. The device is characterized in that a feeding device and a weight detecting device are arranged above a conveyor belt on the left; X-ray detecting devices are arranged above and below the conveyor belt; a sorting device is arranged at the right side of the conveyor belt; and the feeding device comprises a feeding plate and a plurality of feeding baffles arranged on the feeding plate in parallel at intervals. The method comprises the following steps: adopting a computer to control an X-ray detector toobtain the original X-ray image of the silkworm chrysalis; and taking the six characteristic parameters including five image characteristics of the silkworm chrysalis and the cocoon weight as the characteristic parameters of cocoon sexuality, establishing a discrimination model of the characteristic parameters of cocoon sexuality and cocoon sexuality by a K-means clustering method according to anartificial discrimination model established in advance and importing the model into cocoon sexuality discriminating software to discriminate the cocoon sexuality, wherein the five image characteristics of the silkworm chrysalis include area, perimeter, long axis, minor axis and mean brightness of the image of the silkworm chrysalis. The device and the method have the following beneficial effects:the device has simple structure and automatically discriminates cocoon sexuality on line, without damaging the cocoons; the discrimination speed is high; and the discrimination result is accurate.


In the area of the Novooleksandrivka village, the valley of the Bokovenka river crosses a powerful strip of metamorphic rocks of the Inhulo-Inhulets series with numerous small granitoid bodies of the Kirovohrad complex. In the right bank of the river valley north of Novooleksandrivka there are almost continuous rock outcrops of porphyry-like, mostly coarse-grained garnet-biotite granites, which are cut by veins of aplite-pegmatoid and pegmatoid granites. Uranium-lead isotope systems of accessory monazites from porphyry-like granite, layered body of uneven-grained granite and from veined body of aplite-pegmatoid granite have been studied. The age of the first two, more coarse-grained granite varieties, is 2043.2 ± 2.6 and 2041 ± 2.3 million years, respectively. Significantly younger are the monocytes from the vein of aplite-pegmatoid granite - 2030 ± 0.3 million years. In granites in this sequence, in addition to structural and textural characteristics (in general, decrease in grain size), there is a decrease in the amount of SiO2 (from 73.14 to 70.93%) connected with a significant increase in K2O (from 3.96 to 7.58%), (their inverse correlation coefficient is 0.98), a significant decrease in the CaO content from 2.04 to 0.97%, and a slight decrease in the MgO content from 1.14% to 0.82%. These changes are probably caused by the crystallizational differentiation of the original granite melt.


This article explains why introducing critical language awareness (CLA) in isiZulu is necessary. To familiarise the reader with CLA, the article outlines the assumptions that underpin this concept. It then discusses how CLA could be applied in teaching mainly reading and viewing in isiZulu, highlighting the factors that militate against the introduction of critical literacy and emphasising that, for good results to be obtained, the critical exploration of meaning needs to be done in relation to the specific social, political and historical contexts in which the text is embedded. Finally, to conclude, the article uses two exemplars to illustrate how reading and viewing could be introduced in isiZulu.


This paper investigates whether investment on ICT leads to higher economic growth considering Bangladesh case for the period 1997-2013 using linear regression analysis. Though statistically not significant, positive association between ICT investment and economic growth has been found. This lack of significance of result can be attributed to smaller share of ICT investment in GDP and shorter time span available for the country than required for conducting rigorous statistical analysis. Besides presenting a comprehensive picture of the current status of ICT indicators in Bangladesh, the study has also tested the comparative position of SAARC countries in terms of major ICT indicators. Findings reveal that Bangladesh is lagging behind in most of these indicators.Complementary infrastructure development, training on ICT, collaboration with international specialists, export promotions of ICT products and services etc. are some recommendations made here to uphold the effectiveness of ICT investment for Bangladesh.


We examine, from both a qualitative and a numerical point of view, the evolution of Kantowski-Sachs cosmological models whose source is a mixture of a gas of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP's) and a radiative gas made up of a ``tightly coupled'' mixture of electrons, baryons and photons. Our analysis is valid from the end of nucleosynthesis up to the duration of radiative interactions ${(10}^{6}\mathrm{K}gTg4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{3}\mathrm{K}).$ In this cosmic era annihilation processes are negligible, while the WIMP's only interact gravitationally with the radiative gas and the latter behaves as a single dissipative fluid that can be studied within a hydrodynamical framework. Applying the full transport equations of extended irreversible thermodynamics, coupled with the field and balance equations, we obtain a set of governing equations that becomes an autonomous system of ordinary differential equations once the shear viscosity relaxation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{rel}}$ is specified. Assuming that ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{rel}}$ is proportional to the Hubble time, the qualitative analysis indicates that models begin in the radiation-dominated epoch close to an isotropic equilibrium point (saddle). We show how the form of ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\mathrm{rel}}$ governs the relaxation time scale of the models towards an equilibrium photon entropy, leading to ``near-Eckart'' and transient regimes associated with ``abrupt'' and ``smooth'' relaxation processes, respectively. Assuming the WIMP particle to be a supersymmetric neutralino with a mass ${m}_{\mathrm{w}}\ensuremath{\sim}100\mathrm{GeV},$ the numerical analysis reveals that a physically plausible evolution, compatible with a stable equilibrium state and with observed bounds on CMB anisotropies and neutralino abundance, is only possible for models characterized by initial conditions associated with nearly zero spatial curvature and total initial energy density close to unity. An expression for the relaxation time, complying with physical requirements, is obtained in terms of the dynamical equations. It is also shown that the ``truncated'' transport equation does not give rise to acceptable physics.


Suitable variety of road work sites and road sweeping vehicles suck, suck it relates to a road sweeping vehicle. In order to solve the conventional suction road sweeping vehicle presence cleaning effect is poor, and more failure, resulting in lower operating reliability problems of road sweeper. The upper end of the cyclone inlet and cyclone dust collecting cup and suction pipes in the dust collecting cup communicating air volume; the lower end of the cyclone communicates with a dust box; at four corners of the dust cover is provided with a tornado Department plenum communicating four air supply tube, a nozzle on each blowing tube sinks under the action of a positive pressure air supply plenum, four wind blast pipe fed by the nozzle counterclockwise direction Tangentially the discharge direction, is formed in the whirling airflow dust cover tornado, one kind of vortex rotational whirling airflow formed in the centripetal action of the negative pressure of the intake air stream of the suction duct. Using the principle of purge gas flow tornado effect completely, endangering human health of PM2.5 fine dust particles below can wash clean sweep.


Objective To study the relation between atrial fibrillation(AF)-associated miR-4279 and regulation of target ion channel proteins by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.MethodsTarget genes of miR-4279 were retrieved from TargetScan,miRanda and miRDB databases respectively.Their recombinant luciferase reporter plasmids,miR-4279 plasmids and control plasmids were cotransfected into HEK293 cells.The target genes of miR-4279 were divided into transfection group,negative group and blank control group to assay the activity of luciferase.miR-4279 mimics were transfected into rat H9c2 cells to observe their role in regulation of target gene expression.Results The activity of luciferase was 18% lower and the expression level of CACNA1 Cgene mRNA was 31% lower in transfection group than in negative group(0.300±0.012 vs 0.366±0.011,P0.01;0.820±0.058 vs1.193±0.060,P0.01),indicating that miR-4279 mimics transfected into H9c2 can inhibit the expression of CACNA1 Cgene.Conclusion Voltage-gated L-type calcium channelαsubunit CACNA1 C gene is a direct target gene of miR-4279,and miR-4279 is involved in AF electrical remolding by inhibiting CACNA1 Cgene expression,and may thus become a future treatment target of AF.


Effective long-term forecasting of traffic flow has many applications for Intelligent Transportation Systems. With more historical measurements being available, data-driven methods are becoming promising for conducting this forecasting task. Existing research focuses on prediction for up to 1 day, yet there is an emerging demand for a longer forecasting horizon. This paper first reviews representative data-driven methods for traffic forecasting. Subsequently, the promising Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) deep-learning methods are evaluated on the long-term forecasting up to 14 days ahead. Their performances on 1 day, 7 days and 14 days ahead traffic flow forecasting are compared and discussed. Then, the impacts of the shrinking size of training data and holiday traffic are investigated. Based on a real-world and large dataset from Melbourne, Australia, test results indicate that a state-of-the-art Transformer-based method, Informer, generates superior results than Seq2Seq RNN, LSTM, and GRU, especially when the forecasting span is extended. Besides, although the accuracy of Informer slightly degrades with the decreasing size of training data, 2 months of training data seem enough for it to produce a decent performance. In addition, the investigation of holiday traffic reveals its evident impact on forecasting accuracy.


A novel method of measuring liquid level with high accuracy is described, in which densimeter is unnecessary; by this way draft values are electrically measured; based on that the real time analysis for ship stability are available. The architecture and software of Auto Test and Monitor System are described. The system advantages and error estimation are also involved.


This article presents the issues connected with emitter sources identi cation with low distinctive primary features of a signal. It is a speci c type of identi cation called speci c emitter identi cation, which distinguishes di erent copies of the same type of emitter. The term of speci c emitter identi cation was presented on the basis of fractal features received from the transformation of measurement data sets. The use of linear regression and Lagrange polynomial interpolation resulted in the estimation of measurement function. The method analysing properties of measurement function which was suggested by the authors caused the extraction of two additional distinctive features. The features above extended the vector of basic radar signals' parameters. The extended vector of radar signals' features made it possible to identify the copy of emitter source. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.124.406 PACS: 42.30.Sy, 47.54.−r, 43.60.Lq


We compare the thermodynamic behavior of a finite single nongrafted polymer near an attractive substrate with that of a polymer grafted to that substrate. After we recently found first-order-like signatures in the microcanonical entropy at the adsorption transition in the nongrafted case, and given the fact that many studies on polymer adsorption in the past have been performed for grafted polymers, the question arises, to what extent and in what way does grafting change the nature of the adsorption transition? This question is tackled here using a coarse-grained off-lattice polymer model and covers not only the adsorption transition but also all other transitions a single polymer near an attractive substrate of varying strengths undergoes. Because of the impact of grafting especially on the translational but also on the conformational entropy of desorbed chains, the adsorption transition is affected the strongest. Our results are obtained by a combined canonical and microcanonical analysis of parallel te...


The purpose of this paper was to better understand the current practice of arts therapy in educational institutions in the Czech Republic comparing it to that in health-care institutions and other working environments. The research goal was to analyze the prevalence of the different fields of arts therapy, the main difficulties of clients, the therapeutic forms, the ways of interdisciplinary cooperation, and the groups of therapists (according to their age and duration of practice). The data collected from the first national survey using "The Practice of Arts Therapies" questionnaire were analyzed with descriptive and inductive statistics (Chi-square test). The 142 respondents who participated in the study were contacted mainly through professional associations. The significant characteristics of arts therapies in educational environments are linked to the diffusion of the respective arts therapy fields (music therapy being the most prevalent), the main difficulties of pupils (learning difficulties/multiple disabilities or no obvious problems), and to the length of practice of the respondents. The results can be used for the creation of a research-based map of Czech arts therapies in educational institutions and for further development of this area.


Based on the analysis of uncertain factors affecting the connecting bolt reliability,internal model are used to describe the uncertain parameters such as load and stress.The non-probabilistic reliability design of the connecting bolt on static strength is proposed.The design method is a lower requirement for the initial data and simply computation.The proposed method is reasonable and efficiency by the example.


Ugo Spirito (1896–1979) was a philosopher who changed his mind, repeatedly and sometimes radically, about many of his major commitments. At different times he called himself a fascist and a communist, a positivist and an idealist, a Catholic and an unbeliever. Each of these 'faiths' would occupy him totally for a few years, only to collapse under the weight of fresh doubts. By the end of his life, he had come to see his career as a succession of failures. Just what kind of philosopher he was, then, is unusually hard to judge, and for the most part he has been relegated, at least by Anglophone readers, to a supporting role in the wider dramas of twentieth-century Italian intellectual history. Anthony G. Costantini's recently published Anthology of the Works of Ugo Spirito (hereafter cited as AWUS) grants us the most complete picture of Spirito's philosophical work now available in English. It has been in development for a long time—indeed, it was already in preparation when the editor's previous major Spirito translation,Memoirs of the Twentieth Century, was published in 2000 (MTC, 169). Notwithstanding the gap of more than twenty years between their publications, the books each help us appreciate the foundations on which the other stands. Taken together, they finally enable Anglophone readers to take the measure of a formidable but underappreciated thinker.


Forests are one of the most important terrestrial ecosystems for the protection of biodiversity, but at the same time they are under heavy production pressures. In many cases, management optimized for timber production leads to a simplification of forest structures, which is associated with species loss. In recent decades, the concept of retention forestry has been implemented in many parts of the world to mitigate this loss, by increasing structure in managed stands. Although this concept is widely adapted, our understanding what forest structure is and how to reliably measure and quantify it is still lacking. Thus, more insights into the assessment of biodiversity-relevant structures are needed, when aiming to implement retention practices in forest management to reach ambitious conservation goals. In this study we compare expert ratings on forest structural richness with a modern light detection and ranging (LiDAR) -based index, based on 52 research sites, where terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data and 360° photos have been taken. Using an online survey (n = 444) with interactive 360° panoramic image viewers, we sought to investigate expert opinions on forest structure and learn to what degree measures of structure from terrestrial laser scans mirror experts' estimates. We found that the experts' ratings have large standard deviance and therefore little agreement. Nevertheless, when averaging the large number of participants, they distinguish stands according to their structural richness significantly. The stand structural complexity index (SSCI) was computed for each site from the LiDAR scan data, and this was shown to reflect some of the variation of expert ratings (p = 0.02). Together with covariates describing participants' personal background, image properties and terrain variables, we reached a conditional R2 of 0.44 using a linear mixed effect model. The education of the participants had no influence on their ratings, but practical experience showed a clear effect. Because the SSCI and expert opinion align to a significant degree, we conclude that the SSCI is a valuable tool to support forest managers in the selection of retention patches.


This study aims to determine the effect of price, store atmosphere and motivation of expenditure on impulsive purchases on consumers in Robinson Ramayana in Padang. Which is the object of this research that consumers who make purchases at Robinson impulsive Ramayana in Padang. The sample used in this study were 80 respondents. The sampling method is accidental sampling. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Test the hypothesis by using test T-test statistics to demonstrate the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable partially or individual. The results in this study show that price, store atmosphere and shopping motivation positive effect on impulsive purchases on consumers in Robinson Ramayana in Padang. Furthermore, it is suggested to the company should consider pricing strategies, improve store atmosphere and maintaining hedonic shopping motivations within the consumer so that the consumer attitudes can be changed for the better and make a purchase impulsively. Keywords : Price, atmospheric stores, shopping motivation and impulse purchases


The average velocity of rapidly moving sperms (VRM) and the Na~+, K~+, Ca~(++), Mg~(++), Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn of seminal plasma were measured in 17 fertile and 30 asthenozoospermic semen samples. The results showed: 1. In fertile seminal plasma, the Na~+ contents is 2.5913±0.1399mg/ml, K~+1.2297±0.4187mg/ml, Mg~(++) 0.1438±0.054mg/ml, Ca~(++)0.3089±0.1236mg/ml, Fe 0.4087±0.1462μg/ml, Cu 0.3383±0.1449μg/ml, Zn179.9±98μg/ml, Mn 0.0446±0.0113μg/m1.2.Seminal Mg~(++), Ca~(++), Cu and VRM of the asthenozoospermic patients were lower than fertile man (P0.05). 3. There is correlativity betwween seminal Na~+ and VRM in normal man, and between VRM and Ca~(++), Cu, Zn, Mn in infertile man.


Objectives: This study sought to assess the effect of bracket base design on the shear bond strength (SBS) of the bracket to feldspathic porcelain. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 40 porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations and four different bracket base designs were bonded to these specimens. The porcelain surfaces were etched, silanized, and bonded to brackets. Specimens were thermocycler, incubated for 24 h and were subjected to SBS. Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk test, Levene's test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's honest significant difference test. Adhesive remnant index was calculated and compared using Fisher's exact test. Results: One-way ANOVA showed that the SBS values were significantly different among the four groups (P < 0.001). Groups 1, 2, and 4 were not significantly different, but group 3 had significantly lower SBS (P < 0.001). Fractures mostly occurred at the porcelain-adhesive interface in Groups 1 and 2 while in Groups 3 and 4, bracket-adhesive and mixed failures were more common. Conclusion: The bracket base design significantly affects the SBS to feldspathic porcelain.


In this paper,a typical refinery is taken as the study objective,which processes high-sulfur crude oil in China.The transfer and distribution of sulfur during the crude oil processing and the exiting types of sulfide in various process units are studied systematically,and the dangerous areas which generate the hydrogen sulfur are determined.Based on this,the related protective measures are put forward to minimize the risk of hydrogen sulfide poisoning and make a reference for the safety of processing high-sulfur crude oil.


This paper describes the reflector design and radiation characteristics of a dual-beam antenna which has a high cross-over level of adjacent beams and low sidelobe levels. To obtain the above objectives, the sub-reflector is enlarged in the horizontal plane and a new reflector-shaping technique is introduced. Moreover, a new tapered-dielectric horn with low VSWR values is proposed.


We explore the evolution of the flux power spectrum in the Cosmic Reionization On Computers simulations. We find that, contrary to some previous studies, the shape of the flux power spectrum is rather insensitive to the timing of reionization. However, the amplitude of the flux power spectrum does strongly evolve with time, and that evolution is almost perfectly correlated with the timing of reionization. We show how such correlation can be used in a (futuristic) measurement to determine the redshift of overlap of ionized bubbles.


Krugman, Phelps, ormerod and Heilbroner have produced forceful analyses on the current state of the economy, society and economic theory itself, and allwith a distinct attention for unemployment. These authors agree on many points, but disagree on major points too. Interestingly where these authors disagree, wmy own work offers new answers, on angles clearly not considered by them. My analysis solves conflicts, fills gaps, and complements on usseful points. By relating my work to theirs I hope to enable these authors and their readers to plug into - what I consider - a new synthesis for a (renewed) mainstream economics.


Background: Adolescence is a transitional period where the relationship between them and their parents are vital. Mental health status of girls staying in poor homes without parental care may influence their academic performance and since need special attention. So a study was undertaken to assess the depression status of adolescent girl students (13-15yaers) in selected schools using Kutcher Adolescent Depression Assessment Scale (KADS) given by Kutcher and to compare the depression scores, academic and other socio-demographic factors of adolescent girls with and without parental care . Methods: Cross sectional study involving 130 girl students from selected schools of which 40 students were from poor homes. Chi -square test and Mann Whitney U test was used as test of significance for qualitative and quantitative variables respectively. Binary logistic regression was also used. Results: Analysis of KADS score indicated that both type of students with and without parental care had similar cumulative scores varying from 1- 19. Among the study subjects 10 (7.7% with 95 % confidence interval 3.12% - 12.28%) had scores above 15. Academic performances and participation in arts and sports were significantly different between students staying with parents than those from poor homes . Conclusions: Percentage of students from poor homes with collective KAD scores above 15 is almost double the percentage of students with parental care. Parental support is positively related to better academic and extracurricular activities of students.


Previous studies revealed that the geotechnical properties of red mud waste (RMW) closely resemble that of conventional soils. Due to the predominant presence of exchangeable sodium, the RMW tends ...


The increasing population in urban areas has increased the importance of public spaces within the city. It can be seen that the public spaces that city users need in daily life cannot be produced in today's planning practice and the produced public spaces cannot reach the desired solution due to the problems in the design process and the different functions loaded on these spaces. The city center of Kırklareli Province, a small city with a population of 70 thousand people, is similar to the above descriptions at the point of use of public spaces. *Bu makale, V. Türkiye Lisans Üstü Çalışmalar Kongresi tarafından tam metin olarak kabul edilen aynı başlıklı bildirinin içerik açısından genişletilmiş ve yeniden düzenlenmiş halidir. **Arş Gör., Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Mimarlık Fakültesi, Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü, KIRKLARELİ. e-posta: firstname.lastname@example.com ***Arş. Gör, Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Mimarlık Fakültesi, Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü, KIRKLARELİ. e-posta: firstname.lastname@example.com ISSN1308-2922 EISSN2147-6985 Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Sayı 28, Eylül 2017 A. Kuru,M.K. Özkök The aim of this study is to examine the public spaces that affect the �uality of urban life in the city center of Kırklareli, to identify the current problems and to create a working base for the future. In the determination of these problems, the criteria made by considering the studies about the characteristics of public spaces, analysis studies and observations were utilized. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the public spaces in the city center of Kırklareli are inade�uate in terms of �uantity and �uality, they are distributed unevenly and fragmented throughout the urban form, and they are not used effectively when considering the existing transportation and land use structure. However, in the sampling areas, evaluations were made using criteria determined for evaluation of public space �uality and the problems encountered in the main topics such as spatial character, perceptual symbol value, design-material use and functional adaptation were investigated. Based on these findings, a number of conclusions have been made regarding the design of public spaces for a more livable urban space.


Presentation of Case First admission. A fifty-three-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the knee. For the previous six years he had had episodes of low-back pain. Three yea...


This study focuses on consumers` dissatisfaction and complaints about the educational institutes services in which consumers` dissatisfaction and problems are becoming greater. In order to work out those subjects 546 university studeents living in Seoul, Cheongjoo were chosen. The data was picked up by questionary survey method. They have an experience of studying in the educational institutes in recent two years. Frequencies, percentage, standard deviation, arithmethic mean, t-test, oneway-ANOVA, scheffe´ test, Pearson`s correlation, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were used for analyzing data under SPSS 7.5 programs. Major findings are as following: (1) While the consumers` dissatisfaction about the educational institute service(3.05 points on 5.00 points scale) is not high, not being provided service or information by the educational institutes in case any dissatisfaction occurs is very high. Furthermore, the dissatisfaction about tuition fees and insincere lecture are also highly pointed out. Not being provided resolution for solving the dissatisfaction in the educational institute shows that various channels by which the consumer dissatisfaction is communicated to the educational institute should be taken into consideration. (2) Looking out influences affecting consumers` complaints according to whole independent variables, the level of complaining by the third year students was lower than the forth year students(β=-.178). Also, as the tuition fees increase(β=.111), the degree of awareness of cost about complaining behavior is getting lower and the attitude about complaining behavior is rising in the positive, the level of complaining becomes higher.


Cosmic ray acceleration takes place in shocks of relativistic jets in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The diffusive or stochastic acceleration are believed to be the main responsible mechanisms. Additionally, it is known that the back-reaction of accelerated cosmic rays in shock fronts in astrophysical environments, may lead to the formation of a precursor shock with a length scale which corresponds to the diffusive scale of the energetic particles. In this work we will investigate the properties of relativistic, parallel and perpendicular precursor shocks, via numerical test-particle simulations, allowing diffusive and stochastic acceleration.


Environmental pollution is of great significance to the protective barrier of the proteinous nature on the body surface of the honey bee. Crucial elements of this barrier are proteases and protease inhibitors (enzymes). They contribute to the protection of the bee against pathogens. Constant weakening of this barrier can lead to the rapid fall of its immunity, and even death. Bees collected from two apiaries were compared (polluted and clean environments). This pollution contributed to the deterioration of the surface proteolytic barrier of respective groups of bees. Bees kept in a clean environment exhibited high protease and protease inhibitor activity levels.


The politics of Holocaust memory in Poland has for many decades been an arena of dispute and, at times, bitter public controversy, as with the disputes over the Auschwitz Carmelite convent in the 1980s and Jedwabne in the 2000s. The Nazi German occupation in Poland had destroyed the largest pre-War Jewish population in the world and six extermination camps were placed in occupied Polish territory. While post-War Poland inevitably became a major site of Holocaust memory and commemoration this has always been entangled with contemporary Polish and international politics, both in the Communist and post-Communist periods. These issues were again thrown into sharp relief in January 2018 when the Polish ruling party Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Justice and Law) introduced the 'anti-defamation law' prohibiting claims that 'the Polish Nation'was responsible or co-responsible for Nazi crimes. It was initially made a criminal offence, with up to three years imprisonment, to accuse Poles of complicity in Nazi war crimes. The law asserted extra-territoriality and 'applies throughout the world, regardless of local laws.' The ensuing outcry in Europe, Israel and the US continues – for example, under the Twitter hashtag #PolishDeathCamps there is widespread condemnation of the defamation laws, and in one post the Simon Wiesenthal Centre issued a travel advisory for Jews urging them to limit their visits to Poland following 'Poland's government campaign to change the historical truth by denying Polish complicity in the Nazi atrocities.' In May 2018, the law was modified to render 'defamation' a civil, not a criminal offence, although under the PiS government controversies continue to arise – for example over the compromise in November 2018 between President Andrzej Duda and the neo-Nazi Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny, ONR (National Radical Camp) that allowed the latter along with other European Nazis, to follow the Independence Day march. There are multiple issues here of how the Holocaust is represented and remembered and, indeed, of historical accuracy vs denial in a European context where antisemitism is mobilized again on the populist far-right (and some sections of the left). The issue of memory and commemoration here is essential to Jewish identity since the curse Y'mach sh'mo v'zichrono (may his name and memory be erased) has already befallen millions killed without a trace and is at stake in distortion and minimization of the Holocaust. The contributions to this Special Issue address various aspects of memory politics that


Linear compressors withafreepiston driven bya linear motorhavewidely attention incooling apparatuses suchas refrigerators duetotheir highefficiency. Thestroke ofpiston in alinear compressor driven byLPMSM canbeobtained from integrating theEMF ofLPMSM,butitmaybesaturated dueto dccomponents inmeasured motorvoltage andcurrent. The methodforestimating thepiston stroke byusing boththehigh- passfilter and dc offset compensation issuggested. The attenuation anddcoffset ofstoke areinvestigated according toa variation ofcut-off frequency ofhigh-pass filter. Throughthe experiments with16-bit DSP,itcanbeseenthatthepiston stroke isnearly sinusoidal waveform without anydcoffset attransient state aswell asatsteady-state condition.


In this study, an optimization methodology is presented in order to simultaneousl y satisfy the structural requirements and the manufacturing process requirements for the composite plates manufactured through Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process. The interrelations between the structural parameters and the process parameters are identified. With some proper assumptions, the multi-objective problem is taken into consideration by formulating the objective function. As structural parameters, an optimal stacking sequence is investigated which minimizes the maximum displacement and the mold filling time for a given structure geometry, material properties and loading condition. As process parameters, optimal injection gate locations and injection pressure values are considered in order to minimize the mold filling time and the maximum void content in the final product. A genetic algorithm is adopted as an optimization algorithm. The results for sample problems showed the usefulness of the developed computer code for tailoring the structural and the process configurations.


This paper deals with new hybrid multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive. It focuses on asymmetrical topologies, the general function of this multi level inverter is to synthesize a desired voltage from several separate dc source. This hybrid topology has more advantageous of industrial applications. In conventional methods, the need of converters to supply the cells of reversible multilevel converters increases the cost and losses of such inverters. The proposed method introduces 27 levels Inverter fed Induction Motor drive. With the use of high level inverter, resolution is increase and also the harmonics is highly reduced.


A female patient of 51 years old with personal pathological precedent of bronchial asthma, hypertension and ulcerative colitis and infection by chikungunya virus for a month. She incomes with dark pasty diarrhea with mucus and blood, she evolved unfavorably with flaccid paraplegia and recticularis livedo, which became extensive purple; then phlyctena and generalized edema. She remained hypotensive with electrolyte imbalance and impairment of consciousness, complementaries were performed, she was transfused and underwent to hemodialysis; she evolved to coma and death. The pathological findings showed an adult, fulminant and deadly form of anaphylactoid purpura or Henoch-Schonlein. Mesangial proliferation with fushinofilicos mesangial deposits werefound corresponding to immunoglobulin A with immunofluorescence, leukocytoclastic vasculitis and necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels. Purple of Schonlein-Henoch is a peculiar form of vasculitis that tends to spontaneous healing and occasionally may have a fatal course or proceed to a chronic nephritis.


Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Cuba. Objective: To estimate the global cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus before and after an educational intervention. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was made in 23 diabetic patients type 2 from San Diego de los Baños, during 2012. The global cardiovascular risk of those affected was estimated according to the risk prediction charts of the World Health Organization, MEDISAN 2013; 17(2):317 2008, before and after several educational sessions. Also, descriptive statistics and the Spearman's correlation coefficient were used with a 95% significance level. Results: Initially, this variable was valued from high to very high in most of patients, with prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles, but it was modified after the educational intervention. Significant correlation was also observed between the global cardiovascular risk, diet and body mass index of patients. Conclusions: The workshop program was effective, as it was achieved favorably to modify the global cardiovascular risk in members of the series.