The article examines the business activities of Vietnamese immigrants in Poland. Against the backdrop of a highly differentiated Vietnamese population in Poland, this study found that the ethnicity of immigrants can serve as a resource (especially as a source of values, such as diligence and intra-group solidarity) and as a strategy for promoting success in business activities. However, negative stereotypes and state policies toward immigrant self-employment can limit the market access of certain groups. Findings from the study demonstrate that ethnic entrepreneurship in a post-communist country may be subject to the same processes as in other European states and the US.


Protection of segetal flora and vegetation in Poland (historical outline) The flora associated with crop land maintained a stable species composition for many centuries until the 1960s when profound and fast changes occured due to human activity. Factors that destructively affect given species, but also whole field communities, are: continuous chemicalization of agriculture (i.e. application of crop protection substances, pesticides, and mainly herbicides, as well as spreading of high doses of mineral fertilizers on crop land), introduction of sewing material that is completely purified from weed seeds, introduction of new races of crop plants, simplification of crop rotation patterns, introduction of new techniques of soil and plant cultivation and draining of cultivated fields. These factors have caused various transformations of the field flora, often abruptly and chaotically, such as the disappearance of numerous weed species. The rate of these transformations varies from country to country, region to region, and even field to field. These facts have made numerous investigators pay much interest to the conservation of the segetal flora, both in cultivated land and in preserved areas, such as national and landscape parks, botanical gardens and open-air museums. The problem of transformations in the segetal flora vegetation is a very important one both from the utilitarian and 'nature conservation' point of view.


his article argues against the idea of applying the subjective probability theory. associated with Bayes' theorem, in judicial fact-finding. It starts with the already known refutation of the argument that judicial Bayesianism is dictated by logic. Subsequently, it shows that judicial Bayesianism is not even a viable possibility. This is done by identifying the problems intrinsic to judicial Bayesianism. as opposed to rejecting this approach extrinsically on moral or pragmatic grounds, which have already received wide attention. Problems intrinsic to judicial Bayesianism include the following: (I) the problem of criteria; (2 ) the problem of conversion: (3) the problem of weight: and (4) the conditionalization problem.


Intussusception following passage of thread for esophageal dilation has never been reported. This complication following intestinal intubation is a well-recognized entity, however, although uncommon. Thirteen cases of intussusception following intestinal intubation have been reported, and undoubtedly others have occurred, but have been unreported or unrecognized. The incidence of this complication is probably low, since Smith! reports 1,000 consecutive cases of small intestine intubation with a Miller-Abbott tube without a single case of intussusception. However, Cantor and Reynolds," in their classic work on intestinal intubation, observed the formation of pleats in the small bowel along the length of indwelling intestinal tubes. At times, a 6-foot length of Cantor tube was found to emerge through the anus because of a marked shortening of the small bowel through plication. Ulceration in the tightly plica ted bowel occasionally occurred, followed in some instances by perforation. Warren and Cattell," and McKittrick and Warren noted small bowel intussusception occurring over Miller-Abbott tubes. Dunn and Shearburn" found a jejuno-jujunal intussusception in a patient operated upon 12 days after the removal of a Miller-Abbott tube. McGeon reported a case occurring with the use of a Cantor tube. He theorized that peristaltic waves might act upon the bag at the end of the Cantor tube as though it were a food bolus, forcing it distally. The long tube, trailing behind, would offer resistance to this forward movement of the bag.


The anterior cingulate region has been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Studies have reported anatomical and functional abnormalities in this region in bipolar disorder patients. Few neurochemical studies have evaluated this region, especially on medicated bipolar patients. Lithium has been reported to increase NAA levels but not by all studies. We used proton magnetic spectroscopy (1HMRS) to measure the levels of N‐acetyl‐L‐aspartate (NAA) and choline (Cho) relative to creatine (Cr) in the anterior cingulate of euthymic medicated bipolar subjects.


The knowledge of the characters Hamlet and Don Quixote and of their authors in Russia it happens by the middle of 18th century. The author of the first important study on these two characters, "Gamlet i Don Kichot" (1859), is Ivan Turgenev. In this article he establishes a parallel between Hamlet and the Russian intellectuals of aristocratic origin of the '40s, and between Don Quixote and the democratic intellectuals of the following generation.


Built-in self-test (BIST) eliminates the need for an expensive tester, and reduces the security vulnerabilities of scan design. This paper describes a BIST approach that combines the following features. (1) It is based on storage of test data on-chip to achieve complete fault coverage. (2) Every entry of the stored test data is used for applying several different tests to reduce the amount of stored test data. (3) The test data is derived from functional broadside tests, and the applied tests maintain close-to-functional operation conditions to avoid overtesting of delay faults. Experimental results are presented for benchmark circuits to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.


The invention discloses a new phenolic acid compound, i.e. danshinolic acid M extracted from salvia miltiorrhiza bungered sage roots, the compound also can be extracted from a salvia miltiorrhiza bungered sage root injection, and the invention simultaneously also discloses a method for extracting the new compound respectively from the salvia miltiorrhiza bungered sage roots and the salvia miltiorrhiza bungered sage root injection. Pharmacological studies indicate that the danshinolic acid M has myocardial preservation and oxidation resistant activity, thereby the compound has the prospect of being further developed into an effective medicament for curing treating cardiovascular diseases and can be used in the quality control standard of the salvia miltiorrhiza bunge red sage root injection.


Signal characteristics and processing are an important factor during today's digital world including the motion control and strain measurement applications. A digital signal is someone that can assume only a finite set of values is given for both the dependent and independent variables being analyzed (Smith, 2006). The independent variables are usually time or space; and the dependent variables are usually amplitudes. To use digital signal processing tools effectively, an analog signal must be converted into its digital representation in time space. In practice, this is implemented by using an analog-to-digital converter (A/D), which is an integral part of data acquisition (DAQ) cards (Vaseqhi, 2009). One of the most important parameters of an analog input system is the sampling rate at which the DAQ card samples an incoming signal. During the measurement and processing of the signal digitally, it is common to face noise problems interfacing the signals captured (Yuksekkaya, 1999; Chu & George, 1999; Kester, 2004). The noise could be coming from various sources with different characteristics and affecting the measurement systems. Once the signal is contaminated with the noise, the reading from the instruments will not be representing the actual situation of the physical phenomenon being captured. Therefore, it is an important area of practice to analyze the characteristics of the noise for any implementation of the signal analysis before constructing further refinements for data analysis. Furthermore, it would be a more practical to take some precautions in order to reduce the effects of the noise on the signal. Even it is possible to use some tools to decrease the effects of the noise to the signal ratio, it would be more practical to eliminate the noise as much as possible at the first hand. It is also evident from the industrial applications that the cost of initial investments for any noise elimination applications is cheaper than that of later investments. Computer-based data acquisition systems using small computers have been successfully applied in many industrial applications including the motion control processes producing high performances at relatively low costs. As the investment cost of data processing systems decreases, it is getting more common to see a number of data acquisition systems implemented applications in our daily life. The benefits of a data acquisition system include: an improved analysis, accuracy and consistency, reduced analysis time and cost, and lower response time for an out-of-control situation regarding quality. It could be easily noticed


The primary objective of this study is to examine empirically the effects of monetary policy in a small open economy. This is based on an econometric analysis of ways in which a monetary policy shock affects key macroeconomic variables in New Zealand. To achieve this objective, a parsimonious macroeconometric model is developed using well known Contemporaneous (Short-Run) SVAR techniques. Past empirical research on the effects of monetary policy in closed and open economies found evidence of several anomalies, such as the liquidity, price, exchange rate and forward discount bias puzzles. To resolve these puzzles, the study constructs a Contemporaneous SVAR model (called NZSVAR model) and formulates identification schemes that lead to computation of impulse response functions that are free of these empirical anomalies. The results show that we have successfully modelled monetary policy effects in New Zealand without encountering those anomalous responses often documented in previous literature.


Summary Angulitermes nilensis is described from the Sudan and Eritrea, in both alate and soldier castes. A. truncatus, hitherto known only from the type series taken at Accra, is recorded from a number of localities in West and East Africa, with additional descriptions of alate and soldier castes. Reference is made to three species known from Southern Africa. The occurrence of the genus in the Indian sub-continent is noted.


It cannot satisfy higher levels of security requirements of the space network that just implement protection in only one protocol layer. But, most space mission cannot simultaneously carry on the security in the multiple layers, because of that is easy to have the repetition induction, and introduce shortage of security, and increase development and the operating cost. In this paper, we proposed the layered secure access mechanism at the data link and network layers, expecting that we can establish integration access protection system to prevent intruders from entering the network. When the trust to certain node that has been authenticated changed, the mechanism proposed can automatic reaction and restoration in time. Moreover, it can tolerate the certain intermittent-communication, and avoid increasing development and operating cost because of the multiple layered encryptions, and enhance the security, the compatibility and performance of secure access.


4‐Acetylantipyrine (1) was condensed with aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes to yield the cinnamoylidene derivatives 4a—d. Compound 4b was converted into the pyrazolinylantipyrine derivative 9 by hydrazine hydrate. 4‐(Chloroacetyl)antipyrine (2) reacted with aldehydes to yield the furan‐2‐one derivatives 11 or the dihydroxy derivative 12. The behaviour of 4‐formylantipyrine toward methylenenitriles was investigated.


The main drawbacks of sequential pattern mining have been its lack of focus on user expectations and the high number of discovered patterns. However, the solution commonly accepted – the use of constraints – approximates the mining process to a hypothesis-testing task. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to mine sequential patterns, keeping the focus on user expectations, without compromising the discovery of unknown patterns. Our methodology is based on the use of constraint relaxations, and it consists on using them to filter accepted patterns during the mining process. We propose a hierarchy of relaxations, applied to constraints expressed as context-free languages.


We present a comprehensive explanation of the sources of electrical disorder in graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred onto SiO2 substrates. By correlating carrier concentration distribution to the topographical mapping, we show that, due to the embedded ripple array created by the thermal expansion mismatch during growth, graphene forms uneven charge interaction with the SiO2 substrate, causing the areas in proximity of SiO2 to have higher hole concentration while the raised regions have lower hole doping. The net disorder of graphene is, therefore, a function of the density and scale of the thermal expansion ripples. We further show that, while the ripple-induced topographical nonuniformity can be alleviated by thermal annealing, the reduced topography actually has competing effects on overall disorder. On one hand, the reduced topography decreases the concentration nonuniformity between the raised and lowered regions, but on the other hand, annealing more closely couples the ...


Having rich natural resources and important strategic location, Gansu province was deployed with a large number of key industries after the liberation of the country. However, most of these industries have high-carbon and high-emission, which not only cause more serious damage to the already fragile ecological environment, but also restrict the green and low-carbon development of industry in Gansu province. Based on the analysis of the status quo of industrial green and low-carbon development in Gansu province, this paper evaluates the performance of industrial green and low-carbon development in recent 10 years, and then puts forward the countermeasures for green and low-carbon development.


In this article, we report the influence of the polyimide molecular weight (1.2 × 105, 2.6 × 105, and 4.1 × 105) on the structure and the gas permeation properties of asymmetric polyimide membranes made by the dry–wet phase-inversion process. The apparent skin layer thickness of the asymmetric membrane increased with increasing molecular weight, and the thicknesses of the membranes prepared from the three polyimides with a casting polymer solution containing 8.0 wt % butanol were 132, 350, and 739 nm, respectively. That is, the gas permeance in the asymmetric membranes increased with decreasing molecular weight. In contrast, the gas selectivity of the asymmetric membranes did not depend on the skin layer thickness. The solvent evaporation in the dry phase-inversion process and the nonsolvent diffusion in the dry process were important factors that determined the formation of the asymmetric membrane. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010


e21507 Background: To retrospectively analyze the biological features and their impact on clinical outcome in a cohort of 114 patients with GIST treated at the GIST Unit of Palermo University between 2003 and 2015. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 114 patients with GIST treated during the past 12 years. Patients with localized disease were stratified according to Fletcher and Miettinen criteria. Biological features on tumor specimens, treatment and clinical outcome were recorded and compared with published data. Results: Among 114 patients, 88 had resectable disease, 26 had metastasis at diagnosis. Ninety GISTs were examined for mutational analysis of KIT or PDGFRα, resulting KIT exon 11 mutation in 59%, KIT exon 9 mutation in 16%, PDGFRα mutation in 11% while 14% were wild type. Median 5-years recurrence-free survival of 88 patients with localized disease undergoing radical resection was 60 months. Adjuvant imatinib 400 mg daily was delivered in 21 cases; 5 patients recurred and received standard tre...


The differentiation potencies of pre-sumptive epidermis cells from the gastrula stage of Runa pipiens have been examined by means of a new method previously re-ported (Barth and Barth, '59).


A HIGH birth rate, a declining demand for labor in agriculture, and poor educational facilities have traditionally provided the South with a relatively large supply of untrained labor for manufacturing industries. This condition suggests the following hypotheses: i. Average wages in manufacturing will be relatively low in the South because the southern industrial structure will tend to be heavily weighted with low-wage (low-skilled) industries. 2. Because labor and capital are not perfectly mobile, southern wages will tend to be lower than elsewhere for identical work. 3. For the same reasons of excess supply and incomplete mobility, southern wages will be particularly low for work requiring little skill and training. 4. Because of the wage differential, the South should be gaining in manufacturing relative to the rest of the country. 5. Because the differential is greater in lowwage employment, the South should be gaining most in those industries which make the greatest use of low-wage labor. The purpose of this paper is to test these hypotheses and to draw conclusions regarding the balance of forces which tend, on the one hand, to eliminate regional wage differentials, and on the other hand, to perpetuate them. In addition to examining shifts in the location of manufacturing, we will consider the influence of population change and minimum wage legislation on the southern wage position.


The invention provides a searching method and a searching device for multistage related news. The searching method for the multistage related news comprises the steps of acquiring one or more second search terms related to a first search term; acquiring one or more pieces of first-stage related news matched with the one or more second search terms; and determining a piece of second-stage related news matched with the first search term from the one or more pieces of first-stage related news. According to the searching method and device for the multistage related news, the related news semantically similar to the search term input by the user can be acquired by using the similarity relation of the multi-stage search terms and further based on the second-stage recommendation mode of entropy.


Present waste management policies aim to reduce waste environmental impacts and improve resources' efficiency. The use of waste and recycled materials to develop green construction materials are attracting researchers worldwide to develop new solutions addressed to increase the sustainability of buildings. This work presents a study of a new recycled mortar panel from the point of view of its contribution to the sustainability of buildings. Materials from industrial waste, as rigid polyurethane foam and electric arc furnace slags, are used as an additive of prefabricated mortar panels. The new proposed panels must have good thermal behavior with respect to the heat transfer interactions with the outside temperature and relative humidity, when compared to traditional brick or concrete. A test building with two kinds of representative uses, which are both residential and tertiary, and located in three cities of Spain with different climates, will be energy simulated in order to assess the thermal behavior of new construction or refurbished opaque ventilated façades with the new mortar panel. The thermal behavior of the new mortar panels would be studied by means of two energy assessments: (i) the evaluation of the influence of the new mortar panel in the energy demand of the whole building when compared to traditional materials, and (ii) the detailed analysis of the transient inner surface temperature of the space walls when using the new mortar panel. Based on the results obtained from the energy simulations performed, it follows that the thermal behavior of the mortar panel is, at least, equivalent to those of the other two materials, and even better in some aspects.


In a human life, attainment of the fiftieth year, while cause for reflection, is nothing exceptional, statistically speaking. For a magazine of the American left, fifty years is a veritable eternity. Simply to reach the age is a stunning achievement. This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


This paper aims to investigate the most dominant taste attributes of green tea samples in panelists perception over time. In order to assess the samples, a brand new method of sensory evaluation called "Temporal Dominance of Sensations" was used. The five commercial green tea brands were evaluated by eight trained panelists (students). For each sample of green tea, curves of the dominance of each attribute over time were computed. The TDS curves provided information about the sequence of attributes that were dominant during degustation. This methodology was useful to characterize taste properties of green tea samples. doi:10.5219/274 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE This paper aims to investigate the most dominant taste attributes of green tea samples in panelists perception over time. In order to assess the samples, a brand new method of sensory evaluation called "Temporal Dominance of Sensations" was used. The five commercial green tea brands were evaluated by eight trained panelists (students). For each sample of green tea, curves of the dominance of each attribute over time were computed. The TDS curves provided information about the sequence of attributes that were dominant during degustation. This methodology was useful to characterize taste properties of green tea samples. doi:10.5219/274


1. Abstract The methodology of boundary integral equations is applied for analysis and optimization of the power flows in elastic compound cylindrical shells with heavy internal fluid loading. A generic model problem is solved and the roles of various physical parameters involved in the problem formulation are assessed. It is shown that the efficiency of an optimization procedure heavily relies on a careful parametric study of wave propagation and correct physical interpretation of its results. 2. 3. Introduction This paper addresses analysis and optimization of linear time harmonic wave propagation in a compound elastic cylindrical shell under heavy internal fluid loading. Such a structure is a typical element of piping systems used for various purposes (i.e., transportation, cooling, ventilation, etc.) in many technical applications. Normally, it is exposed to mechanical and acoustical excitation and the source of this excitation is the operational effect of a pump or a valve installed into a tube. The actual configuration of a piping system may be very complicated, but the 'key feature' of its behaviour is referred to phenomena of travelling waves in a fluid-filled shell (i.e., propagation, reflection, transmission), which co-exist and may interact with phenomena of standing waves localized in the vicinity of discontinuities in the structure. The presence of discontinuities (e.g., supports and inserts) strongly influences structural behaviour and may be used as a tool for its control. Another important aspect of the vibro-acoustic performance of a piping system is the role of actual excitation conditions, which may be subjected to control. A model to study these effects should equally easy treat a linear time harmonic behaviour of infinitely long compound shells, semi-infinite compound shells, and compound shells of a finite length in various excitation conditions. Such a model is offered in [1-2] in the framework of the methodology of boundary integral equations formulated to describe all above mentioned phenomena in compound cylindrical shells filled with a compressible fluid. The optimization of linear time harmonic behaviour of a compound cylindrical shell is related to the 'quiet design' of a pipe, which may conveniently be defined by minimization of the total energy input into a semi-infinite shell or (in the case, when a model of an infinitely long shell is used) by minimization of vibro-acoustic energy transmission in one direction. A problem of the 'quiet design' could be formulated either for a given frequency, for a set of frequencies, or for a …


The results of this experimental research on Italian language show that it is possible to infer a speaker's age on a perceptual basis with good approximation. The procedure involves a series of comparative tests where the unknown voice is compared to voices belonging to different age ranges. Then, on the basis of the answers, listeners are asked to indicate the age of the unknown voice in a reduced interval. The procedure has been tested on two voices of different age. Furthermore the study shows that young listeners give the best results and neither different kinds of speech (spontaneous/read) nor the variety of regional Italian have any relevant influence on the identification of age. Such a procedure could be useful for several applications, as for instance the identification of the speaker's age in a forensic field and the protection of the children in web navigation.


Abstract This paper offers a new perspective to look at the Riesz potential. On the one hand, it is shown that not only 𝔏 q , q  p - 1  ( n - α  p ) ∩ 𝔏 p , κ - α  p \mathfrak{L}^{q,qp^{-1}(n-\alpha p)}\cap\mathfrak{L}^{p,\kappa-\alpha p} contains I α  L p , κ {I_{\alpha}L^{p,\kappa}} under the conditions 1 < p < ∞ {1<p<\infty} , 1 ≤ q < ∞ {1\leq q<\infty} , q  ( κ / p - α ) ≤ κ ≤ n q(\kappa/p-\alpha)\leq\kappa\leq n , 0 < α < min  { n , 1 + κ / p } {0<\alpha<\min\{n,1+\kappa/p\}} , but also 𝔏 q , λ {\mathfrak{L}^{q,\lambda}} exists as an associate space under the condition - q < λ < n {-q<\lambda<n} , where I α  L p , κ {I_{\alpha}L^{p,\kappa}} and 𝔏 q , λ {\mathfrak{L}^{q,\lambda}} are the Morrey–Sobolev and Campanato spaces on ℝ n {\mathbb{R}^{n}} respectively. On the other hand, a nonnegative Radon measure μ is completely characterized to produce a continuous map I α : L p , 1 → L μ q {I_{\alpha}:L_{p,1}\to L^{q}_{\mu}} under the condition 1 < p < min  { q , n / α } {1<p<\min\{q,{n}/{\alpha}\}} or 1 < q ≤ p < min  { q  ( n - α  p ) / ( n - α  q  ( q - 1 ) - 1 ) , n / α } {1<q\leq p<\min\{{q(n-\alpha p)}/({n-\alpha q(q-1)^{-1}}),{n}/{\alpha}\}} , where L p , 1 {L_{p,1}} and L μ q {L^{q}_{\mu}} are the ( p , 1 ) {(p,1)} -Lorentz and ( q , μ ) {(q,\mu)} -Lebesgue spaces on ℝ n {\mathbb{R}^{n}} respectively.


Shaped portions (36) of foodstuffs, e.g. frozen fish, are formed by feeding a length (27) of the foodstuff to a forming press (30, 32), the upper tool (32) of which cuts off the leading end region of the length simultaneously with shaping it to the three-dimensional shape required. The feed of the length is synchronised with operation of the press. The tool (32) may be configured to form several portions simultaneously. Plural dies (30) may be provided on a rotatable drum.


An audio reproduction system is being developed to generate binaural signals at user‐selected listening positions from audio signals of multiple sound sources recorded with multiple microphones. The system consists of a sound decomposer based on blind source separation (BSS) and a sound recomposer using head‐related transfer functions (HRTFs). In this work, musical signals of multiple instruments are separated into the original independent signals of the respective instruments using BSS based on frequency‐domain independent component analysis (FD‐ICA). HRTFs are then convoluted to the separated sound sources to reconstruct the music sounds of the selected listening point. Preliminary experiments are conducted using two or three sound sources of instruments: flute, violin, and piano generated by a synthesizer. The synthesizer sounds are played through small directional loudspeakers or spherical omnidirectional loudspeakers in a low‐reverberant sound‐proof room or moderately reverberant lecture room and rec...


From 1906, the U.S. government's 'Indian allotment' policy re-assigned property rights over tribe-owned lands to individual Native American households in 160-acre parcels. Allotted land was initially kept in 'individual trust', to later be transferred into 'fee simple,' thereby giving full property rights. In 1934, this program was shut down prematurely, trapping millions of acres of land in trust status indefinitely. The descendants of the original allottees of in-trust land have rights to rents earned from the land, but have to agree near-unanimously to any changes in its use, or to its sale. They are exogenously, and almost unalterably, locked into 'tenancy in common'. We utilize exogenous variation in the legal status of individual 160-acre land parcels to estimate the inefficiencies arising from this tenancy form, using present-day satellite imagery.


The authors describe long wavelength OEICs on GaAs-on-InP heterostructures. The InP-based optical components and GaAs integrated circuits are monolithically integrated on InP substrates. The great potential of GaAs-on-InP heterostructure for high-performance long wavelength OEICs is demonstrated. >


A.Process FOR ERROR CORRECTION IN AN AUDIO TRANSMISSION. B.CARACTERISE BY STEP FOR OBTAINING Syndromes K SAS, THE SECOND STAGE OF CONSTANT DETECTION A, B, C ... A, B, C BASED ON THESE SYNDROMES AND A THIRD PHASE ERROR CORRECTION BASED ON THESE SYNDROMES AND CONSTANT. C.APPLICABLE A SYSTEM DISK AUDIO REPRODUCTION APPARATUS.


2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfinate desulfinase (DszB) is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the carbon‐sulfur bond as the final step of the desulfurization of 2‐(2′‐hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfinate (HPBS) producing sulfite and 2‐hydroxybiphenyl (HBP). This reaction is used to study the biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene, the major organosulfur compound found in fossil fuels/petroleum. Previous studies in the Watkins lab suggested that halogenated analogs of HPBS are competitive inhibitors of DszB, so a coupled assay was used to test their effect on kinetic activity. The relative activity of these analogs was tested measure both products of the reaction. The rate of HBP formation was monitored using a fluorometric assay with an excitation at 288 nm and measuring emission at 414 nm. The rate of sulfite product formation was measured in the coupled assay with Sulfite Oxidase (SOX) by analyzing a change in absorbance at 540 nm. When testing the analogs HPBS‐Cl and HPBS‐Br for activity, no product was detected. When measuring enzyme activity in the presence of the halogenated analogs and the substrate HPBS, an increase in DszB activity was observed, with HPBS‐Cl and HPBS‐Br showing an increase product formation of 475% and 213%, respectively. Individually these HPBS analogs did not act as catalytic substrates or competitive inhibitors, however when coupled with HPBS the analogs acted as activators. Based on these results, we are exploring the structure of DszB to further understand how HPBS analogs can affect the desulfinase kinetics.


In Reply. —The partnership described by Dr Penzell and colleagues clearly illustrates one of our central points: as managed care (particularly when capitation is a central feature) becomes an increasingly prominent form of medical care financing, private clinicians can succeed ultimately only if governmental public health agencies are strong partners. A central driving force for the new partnership is derived from a shared vision of "healthy people in healthy communities." In this regard, we must emphasize a key point about which Penzell et al are silent. The improvement of community health status will occur only partly as a result of improved access to clinical care by a larger percentage of the population. Even more critical are the maintenance and enhancement of those essential public health services designed to protect and promote the health of the community as a whole (eg, communitywide health status assessment systems, tuberculosis case management), which are


Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor (PSTT) is a distinctive and rare form of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) [1]. The epidemiologic and risk factors are not well known. Usually, the relationship to previous gestations is uncertain. In addition, clinical and morphological features are very variable, which complicates the diagnosis [2]. In this paper, we report an uncommon presentation of PSTT in presumed post-menopausal woman reveled by uterine arterio-venous malformation. It's about a 44-year-old gravid 0 para 0 presumed post-menopausal Moroccan woman. She suffered from intolerable postmenopausal bleeding. Pelvic ultrasound showed a large sinusoid channels within the myometrium with colors showing multidirection on Doppler that suggested the diagnosis of pelvic Arterio-Venous Malformation (AVM). Computed Tomography and pelvic Angiography confirmed the diagnosis of an AVM. Thus, a preoperative embolization and total hysterectomy were performed. In the gross examination we noted variable seized thin-well cavities with blood clots within the myometrial tissues that are devoid of clearly obvious lesion. Microscopically, these ecstatic and congested vascular cavities were invaded by intermediate tophoblastic cells proliferation that infiltrates 60% of the myometrium. In immunohistochemical stain, the tumor cells expressed the Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 with Ki67 at 5%. Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), P63, smooth muscle markers and P53 were negative in the tumor cells. Through this case, we present a rare disease that often difficulty diagnosed and may be inappropriately treated. International Journal of Clinical Pathology and Diagnosis DOI: 10.29011/IJCP-114. 000114


Current board/module‐level development processes cause errors in specifications and design while developing a product, and are usually not identified until late in development. Defining the system requirements for applying formal methods to the specification of board/module‐level products, and the associated impacts to the development process, tool integration, and electronic data interchange (EDI) will significantly alleviate these errors. The CEENSS program has several demonstrations, beginning with Build‐1 in January of 1997, which will examine the efficacy of this methodology. The CEENSS Project is sponsored by the Manufacturing Technology Directorate of Wright Laboratory, WL/MTIB, Wright Patterson AFB.


High-performance polymers such as poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) are appealing for a wide variety of industrial and medical applications due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, these applications are often limited by relatively low thermal stability and conductivity compared to metals. Many methods developed to metallize polymers, including vapor deposition and thermal spray processes, can lead to poor quality control, low deposition rate, and high cost. Thus, cold spray is a promising potential alternative to rapidly and inexpensively produce polymer-metal composites. In this study, we investigated the deposition characteristics of metalpolymer composite feedstock, composed of PEEK powder with varying volume fractions of copper (Cu) flake added, onto a PEEK substrate. We prepared the Cu-PEEK composite powder in varying compositions by two methods: hand-mixing the powders and cryogenically milling the powders. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the feed mixtures shows that cryogenically milling the polymer and metal powders together created uniformly distributed micron-scale domains of Cu on PEEK particle surfaces, and vice versa, as well as consolidating much of the porous Cu flake. In lowpressure cold spray, the relatively large volume fractions of PEEK in the composite mixtures allowed for lower operating temperatures than those commonly used in PEEK metallization (300-500 °C). While the deposition efficiencies of each mixture were relatively similar in single-layer experiments, deposits formed after multiple passes showed significant changes in deposition efficiency and composition in PEEK-rich feedstock mixtures. SEM of deposit surfaces and cross-sections revealed multiple co-dominant mechanisms of deposition, which affect both the porosity and final composition of the deposit. Though present in all samples analyzed, the effects of cryogenic milling were more prevalent at lower Cu concentrations.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the organisational innovation effort that is being carried out by Spanish industrial companies through the implementation of advanced management systems.Design/methodology/approach – Taking into account the results of two surveys conducted with Spanish companies (in 1996 and 2007), the authors study the implementation of innovative practices in the organisation of work and describe different typologies of companies, in agreement with how widespread these practices are. In addition, the authors study the determining factors that drive companies to use well‐developed management systems. In order to carry out these analyses use is made of two statistical techniques: cluster analysis and estimation of discrete choice models.Findings – The study of the company typology reveals that there are industrial companies in Spain competing with three different profiles which are described in the paper. There are differences in some human resource management aspects. The...


Understanding the nature of dominating electromagnetic response and energy conversion is quietly pivotal to achieve tunable electromagnetic function at elevated temperature. Herein, the dielectric genes, especially genetic genes, inside 2D carbon‐based materials are deeply dissected based on previous work, and the contribution of conduction and relaxation to electromagnetic response is highly excavated. The evolution of dielectric genes related to ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) content, temperature, and spatial distribution is described in detail, which creates an available approach for tunable microwave absorption performance. At 373 K, the 20 wt% product realizes the optimal reflection loss of −59 dB, with a small matching thickness of 1.17 mm. In the coming fifth‐generation (5 G) era, the cognition on dielectric genes furnishes a solid platform for the design and manufacture of high‐efficiency electromagnetic functional materials and devices, vigorously promoting the research of electromagnetic protection in high‐temperature environment.


As an academic discipline in the United Kingdom, European Community law is a relative newcomer. I belong to the last generation that learnt its Community law on the hoof, through teaching it to others or practising it. I was, though, very fortunate in serving two apprenticeships, one, in the theory of the subject, under the late Professor J. D. B. Mitchell as a Lecturer in the Centre of European Governmental Studies at the University of Edinburgh and the other, in its practical application, as Legal Secretary to Sir Jean-Pierre Warner (as he became after his appointment to the Chancery bench of the High Court) when he was Advocate General at the Court of Justice of the European Communites. John Mitchell was an enthusiastic admirer of the Court of Justice and deeply learned in its ways; and one topic among many that interested him was the role of the Advocate General, a role it fell to J. P. Warner to show that a lawyer from this side of the Channel could fill with distinction. It was with my debt to those two masters very much in mind that the subject of this lecture was chosen.


During the last five years restructuring within international organisations, especially at the level of business units, has been unprecedented. This phenomenon has been vigorously analysed and commented on. One startling, but little recognised element of this, is that the speed of the change process is far from uniform. Between functions as diverse as marketing, finance, human resources and production there are surprising discrepancies in the pace and nature of the change process.


With deeper development of equity division reform in china,enterprise MA in the real secondary market will appear inceasingly like spring bamboo shoots after raining.It's inevitable that the enterprise value assessment method in our country will be geared to international standards.The enterprise not only should focus on the stock price in the secondary market,but also pay attention to the controlling rights premium and the strategic value.


The title dinuclear complex, [Cu2(C12H17FN3O2)2](ClO4)2·CH4O, was synthesized by condensation between diethylenetriamine and 2-formyl-4-fluoro-6-hydroxymethylphenol in the presence of copper(II). It contains two similar units, which are linked by Cu—O bonds. The approximate planes of the two units are parallel to each other, and π–π interaction exists between the two units.


The advantage of using depleted uranium (DU) hohlraums in high-yield deuterium-tritium (DT) shots at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is addressed by Doppner, et al., in great detail [1]. This DU based hohlraum incorporates a thin layer of DU, ~7 μm thick, on the inner surface along with a thin layer of a gold coating, ~0.7 μm thick, while the outer layer is ~22 μm thick gold. A thickness measurement of the DU layer can be performed using an optical microscope where the total DU weight can be computed provided a uniform DU layer. However, the uniformity of the thickness is not constant throughout the hohlraum since CAD drawing calculations of the DU weight do not agree with the computed values from optical measurements [2]. Therefore, a non-destructive method for quantifying the DU content in hohlraums has been established by utilizing gamma-ray spectroscopy. The details of this method, along with results from several hohlraums, are presented in this report.


A new three phase three-level pulse width modulation (PWM) switched voltage source (SVS) inverter with zero neutral point potential is proposed. It consists of three single-phase inverter modules and each module is composed of switched voltage source and inverter switches. The major advantage is that the peak value of the phase output voltage is twice as high as that of the conventional neutral-point-clamped (NPC) PWM inverter. Thus, the proposed inverter is suitable for application with low voltage source such as battery, fuel cell, and solar cell. Furthermore, three-level waveforms of the proposed inverter can be achieved without switch voltage unbalance problem. Since the average neutral point potential of the proposed inverter is zero, the common ground between input stage and output stage is possible. Therefore, it can be applied to transformer less power conditioning system (PCS). The proposed inverter is verified by the PSpice simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype.


A decorative flooring material using cloths made of fiber yarns coated with resin is provided to prevent the cloth from being damaged by an upper transparent layer laminated on the upper part of a cloth layer and to prevent printed patterns of a print layer from being shielded by a lower transparent layer. A decorative flooring material using cloths made of fiber yarns coated with resin has a cloth layer(13) formed in a surface layer(10) and made of cloths woven by using yarns produced by coating fiber with resin. Fiber is at least one selected from cotton, hemp, rayon, nylon, polyester, and PP(Poly propylene). Resin is at least one selected from PVC(Poly Vinyl Chloride), LLDPE(Linear Low Density Polyethylene), PP, PU(Poly Urethane), and TPU(Thermoplastic Poly Urethane).


In recent years in Finland, Fusarium infections in onions have increased, both in the field and in storage, and Fusarium species have taken the place of Botrytis as the worst pathogens causing post‐harvest rot of onion. To study Fusarium occurrence, samples were taken from onion sets, harvested onions and also from other plants grown in the onion fields. Isolates of five Fusarium species found in the survey were tested for pathogenicity on onion. Fusarium oxysporum was frequently found in onions and other plants, and, of the isolates tested, 31% caused disease symptoms and 15% caused growth stunting in onion seedlings. Fusarium proliferatum, a species previously not reported in Finland, was also identified. Over 50% of the diseased onion crop samples were infected with F. proliferatum, and all the F. proliferatum isolates tested were pathogenic to onion. Thus, compared to F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum seems to be more aggressive on onion. Also some of the F. redolens isolates were highly virulent, killing onion seedlings. Comparison of the translation elongation factor 1α gene sequences revealed that the majority of the aggressive isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae group together and are distinct from the other isolates. Incidence and relative proportions of the different Fusarium species differed between the sets and the mature bulbs. More research is required to determine to what extent Fusarium infections spoiling onions originate from infected onion sets rather than the field soil.


Ultrafine cobalt (Uf-Co), one of the new category of ultrafine partides, is generated in some industrial situations and it also exists in environmental partides. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of rat pulmonary leukocytes to release tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) after exposure to Uf-Co in vivo and in vitro. Rats were intratracheaUy instilled with 1 mg of UfoCo, and then wet lung weight and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) profde were analysed 1, 3, 7, 15, and 30 days later. The effects of Uf-Co on indices that can be presumed to reflect epithelial injury and permeability ( lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total protein (TP)) were increased throughout the 30 day post-exposure period. Furthermore, at 3 days after exposure, leukocytes were collected by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). After 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours of incubation, TNF-alpha in supernatants were determined by ELISA method. The results showed that TNF-alpha secretion by activated leukocytes from rats instilled with Uf-Co was significantly higher than that of the controls. BAL leukocytes from the lung of exposed rats revealed time-and dose-related increases in TNF-alpha release. In condusion, our results reveal, for the first time to our knowledge, that exposure to Uf-Co can stimulate leukocytes to secrete TNF-alpha. These data suggest that the TNFalpha release from pulmonary leukocytes probably plays a role in the pathogenesis of"cobalt lung".


This research, which aims to examine the opinions of mothers with children with special needs about the safety measures and first aid for home accidents, was designed as a case study –one of a qualitative research method- and interview technique was also used. Mothers (22) who are in Kecioren/Ankara, have children with special needs, and whose children attend special education institutions were included in the study. As a result of the research, the mothers stated that their child was constantly faced with a home accident, since the accidents were very frequent, they did did not remember exactly the ages that their children had a home accident, they were mostly with their children during the accidents, and their children were not hospitalized due to a home accident. Besides, the mothers gave examples of interventions against burns most often from home accidents, they also indicated that; they encountered the falls at most, they informed their spouses in the event of an accident and asked for help from the neighbor, they removed dangerous goods as a precaution, they used the child lock very little, they did not have a security measure that they mostly wanted to take, they knew 112 at most among the emergency lines, and they all wanted to receive training, although they did not receive any training on home accidents and first aid.


This study reports the results of our efforts to create a stable and vigorous collection of rare and endemic plants from the Pirin Mountains on a plot located at Dobrinishte village (the North-East foothills of the Pirin) from 2005 to 2008. Some threatened plants from the Pirin Mountains well known for their medicinal properties were included in the ex situ collection. Here we share our observations on the pre-adaptation of adult plants and our experience in growing seedlings. Adult plants were transplanted from their native populations in the summer of 2005 and they developed amazingly well. A total of 88.2% of the transplants survived until the next season and 31.7% of the survivals bloomed the next year. Many of these set seed for the following seasons. Good germination and early stage development was observed for Leontopodium alpinum but later many of the young seedlings did not survive. Linum capitatum demonstrated poor germination without treatment other than stratification. Good germination occurred in Sideritis scardica, Stachys recta, after treatment with gibberellic acid. Germination of Hypericum linarioides was poor. In total 462 seedlings of the studied plant species were prepared for planting in the garden. The seedlings at the 2-6 true leaf stage, were transported to Dobrinishte village and planted singly into the flower beds with fine marble gravel top-dressing (up to 1 cm size). Most transplanted seedling survived the first summer. Although the number of survivals gradually decreased each following year and the critical points were mainly winters seed grown plants bloomed and set seed next seasons. Thus seed was collected for the next year from the flower beds, rather than from nature.


Surface properties of nanoscale iron garnet films of different compositions prepared by reactive ion beam sputtering were examined by means of scanning probe microscopy. Atomic force microscope images of the film surfaces are represented for the films of different compositions and deposition times. The article presents the dependences of the roughness parameters on the film composition and thickness and on the energy of Ar+ ions by which the substrates were pre-treated. It was shown that the roughness parameters of the films' surface increase with the increase of Ar+ ions energy and the films' thickness.


Presently, there are no methods for calculating the parameters of the drilling practices with rock-cutting tools equipped with polycrystalline diamond composite (PDC cutters). To create such a method requires the studying their work. The article presents the results of bench studies of the PDC cutters in the process of a rock sample breakdown when reproducing the actual layout of the cutters on the working surface of the bit.
An important parameter of PDC cutters operation, which is necessary for the bit load analysis, is the pressure of the cutters on the rock during its breakdown. The total pressure of a cutter on the rock can be broken into two mutually perpendicular components: the forcing pressure and the cutting pressure.
It is proposed to evaluate the PDC cutters loading at breakage of rocks of different hardness using relative values of forcing and cutting pressures, which are calculated relative to the yield strength of the rock by the die.
It is established that the variability of the average relative pressures of forcing and cutting is significantly influenced by drifting per bit turnover and the radius of the cutter on the bit. The dependences of the maximum relative pressures of PDC cutters at the plastic-brittle rock breakdown on the drifting per bit turnover and the radius of the cutter location on the bit are obtained. It has been established that when drifting up to 0.4 mm per turn, the main mechanism of breakdown is cutting, and with the increase of the breakdown depth, the process of forcing becomes decisive.


Petri net has become the main technology of modeling and analysis for a Flexible Manufacturing System,Petri net-based scheduling problem has been studied extensively.In this paper,to solve scheduling problem of Flexible Manufacturing System,a scheduling method combining Genetic Algorithm and Petri net was proposed.First a model of flexible manufacturing system is created by using timed Petri nets.Then Genetic Algorithm is used to schedule the Petri net model,and a near optimized result is got.In this method,the new encoding/decoding mechanism was adopted.The firing sequences of the Petri net model are used as chromosomes.Each chromosome in population corresponding to the firing sequences is no longer required to meet the condition of accessibility,but it was converted to the firing sequence meeting accessibility condition through the decoding section,thus the operations of population initialization,crossover and mutation become very simple.The method has combined the strongpoint of Genetic Algorithm and Petri net,not only can it solve the typical Job-Shop scheduling problem,but also the scheduling problem of flexible manufacturing system.Finally,the results of simulation experiments show the validity of the method.


By exploring statistical process control (SPC) technology in the printing and packaging industry, heat seal strength index sauce packet of products, for example, the production process management and control, the use of control charts to detect instability of the process to achieve early warning features that make the process of continuous improvement, process capability is improved.


PART ONE: ASSESSMENT, THE ENGINE AND ODOMETER OF REFORM Trends and Contexts Paradigms Purposes Scoring Equity PART TWO: EXAMPLES OF ASSESSMENTS Emily Dickinson's Literacy Portfolios LEAP's Curriculum-Based Assessment of Integrated Curriculum Units Walden III's Rite of Passage Experience (ROPE) Eagle's Wing Projects Pan Terra's Learning Contracts PART THREE: THE PORTFOLIO PLANNER


Abstract The development wheel in Egypt, and many other countries of the same profile, is hampered by insufficient governmental funds. Successive governments have not succeeded in providing large and immediate investments to cover such needs. Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a project delivery method that can be used to overcome this dilemma. In this financing system, the public sector partners with the private sector providing projects/services; the private sector affords the financial burden and shares the risks with the public sector. As the most commonly used PPP scheme in Egypt, B.O.T has no objective negotiating criteria to determine the concession period in such projects. This article proposes a framework to determine the concession period boundaries of BOT projects. The B.O.T Net Present Value (NPV)/Time Curve behaviour has been noticed previously for roads projects. The methodology depends on reviewing different types of PPP (B.O.T) projects in Egypt; a resort, a garage, and an airport. The NPV/Time curve behaviour in all of those projects was the same as the road one. Such observation institutes a foundation that facilitates the decision-making of determining the PPP (B.O.T) concession period. Consequently, it enables awarding more PPP projects to accelerate the development wheel.


An experiment was carried out in Nicobari fowl to investigate the efficiency of dietary iron supplementation on iron fortification in eggs. Birds were as-signed to each of four dietary treatments in a completely randomized de-sign: T1: Control (commercial layer feed); iron was supplemented in the form of iron- soy proteinate (Fe-SP) chelate @ 200 ppm (T2), 400 ppm (T3) and 600 ppm (T4). Birds were fed ad-libitum as per nutritional specification of BIS (2007). 60 d feeding trial showed that 200 ppm enhanced iron content in egg yolk to 64 μg/g yolk at 15th day of feeding as compared to control (50 μg/g yolk) and improved hatchability (24%). Further fortification beyond 200 ppm (400 & 600 ppm) was not effective. Egg iron content was maximized at 15 days after feeding supplemental Fe. It was concluded that iron enriched egg could be produced on commercial basis to meet the consumers changing need.


This book is the businessperson's guide to influencing government decisions without incurring the cost of a professional lobbyist, at a time when those decisions are, increasingly, a key to survival. * Real-world advocacy examples * Tip sheets, including "How to Work a Public Meeting," "Setting Expectations for Your Lobbying Effort," and "Don't Waste Your Money" * "For Example" sidebars, such as "Time-Wasters and Turnoffs" and "The 5 Biggest Mistakes" * "You Try It" exercises * Model advocacy materials, including letters, emails, scripts, testimony, press releases, and more * Sample laws, policies, and forms * A "Learn the Language" glossary decoding some of the key jargon used in local and state government * Resource guides for small businesses seeking government contracts


Library resources and tips to help you complete your Field Report. How to find studies similar to yours to discuss in the Field Report


The emergence of visible light communication (VLC) as a subset of optical wireless communication (OWC) in the early 2000s has turned any light-emitting diode (LED) source into a potential data transmitter. The design process for any VLC or OWC system typically involves a link budget analysis performed by studying the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver. Since this SNR strongly depends on the radiant flux collected by the receiver, an accurate model for this parameter is required. The point-source model has been widely used since 1979 and generally provides a good approximation of the received radiant flux. However, it might be less accurate for typical extended lighting sources like LED panels or large-area organic LEDs. In this paper, the radiant flux distribution of flat Lambertian rectangular or circular sources is derived from a vector analysis of their irradiance. It is then validated through actual measurements in the case of a circular source. The resulting extended-source models thus better capture the light beam pattern of such transmitters to enable a more accurate link budget. It provides at the same time almost identical results to the point-source model for small sources and can, therefore, be seen as a natural extension of this already widely used model.


Achieving excellent outcomes for patients requires understanding patient priorities and aligning treatment decisions with these priorities. Surgical treatments for skin cancer have varied attributes suchas cost, recurrence rate, risk for disease progression, and expected cosmetic outcome. The relative importance of treatment attributes topatientsmaybequantifiedusing choice-based conjoint analysis (CBCA). Previous studies using conjoint analysis in skincancerpatients showthatpatientshighlyvalue improvements in cosmetic appearance and oncologic outcomes, such as local recurrence risk. In fact, local recurrence risk is the top priority for patients undergoing surgery for melanoma and basal cell carcinoma. However, factors such as metastatic risk and anatomic location may impact the relative value patients place on risk of local recurrence or incomplete excision. To the best of our knowledge, the interplay of these factors has not been examined.As increasingpriority continues tobe assigned to the issue of value in health care utilization, evaluation of patient priorities is crucial, especially when more than one treatment option exists. This study evaluated how variations in risk of metastasis and tumor location impact howpatients value surgical success in the long and short term (local recurrence and re-excision risks, respectively).


vely year, over six million adults seek to improve themselves through higher education. In response to this need, . . . ~ _f Liberty University, a growing university in Lynchburg, Virginia, developed an adult education distance learning facility designed to extend its reach to locations throughout the world. From the outset, these educational pmgrams were designed to parallel those on the campus. Therefore, the lifelong learning facility hired residential campus instructors to teach coulses by videotape using methods and materials (e.g., notes, textbooks, and tests) similar to those used in the residential Program.


There are many kinds of network information classification(NIC)methods in dealing with the explosive information on internet. In the first part of the paper,the advantages of the traditional information retrieval method used in NIC are anlysed. Based on which,the characteristics of NIC and the problems of other classification methods are anlysed,and several viewpoints toward the uniformed NIC method are given in the latter part of the paper.


Counseling with the assistance of technology is becoming more widespread. The use of the internet in counseling and psychotherapy will likely increase in preval because of advanced technology and more internet users. Virtual counseling will be a reality and in the future, professional counseling sessions about personal and professional concerns may be accomplished as virtual counseling instead of during the traditional face-to-face meeting. Some counselors may see this trend as positive while, others may be concerned with ethical issues and quality. Counselors should present a professional identity on the Internet that is in line with our values, practices, and ethical standards. The authors describe the major ethical considerations and technological challenges related to distance proonal services with a special focus on the area of video-based professional counseling.


In this paper, the procedure and results of modeling angular dynamics of a miniature helicopter in hover is presented using both mechanism reasoning and information from flight test data. The goal is to derive an angular dynamical model that is simple and sufficient accurate to be used for advance flight control. The initial model structure is derived from mechanism reasoning based on a strong simplifying assumption. Afterwards, backward stepwise regression is carried out to refine the model structure and estimate the coefficients. The accuracy of the developed model is examined by comprehensive comparison between model response and experimental data. If the tests fail to validate the model's reliability, a less restrictive assumption would be proposed according to the analysis of the test result and the whole modeling procedure would be carried out again until a satisfactory model is derived. This systematic procedure is proved to be effective in modeling MUH's angular dynamics.


The impetus for this special issue was an all-day event at the 2015 meeting of the International 11 Pragmatics Association: The Panel on Prosodic Constructions in Dialog. This event had 12 several motivations: (i) we have enormous data sets and tools to process them, but as a field 13 we lack clear roadmaps for how to exploit these sets and tools to improve our understanding; 14 (ii) we know that prosody is more than just the single stream of intonation, but we find it hard 15 to accurately describe multistream phenomena; (iii) we have observed how prosody serves 16 many dialog and interactional functions, but cannot yet really model how; and (iv) we have 17 various schools of thought, each wielding its own methods, but we have difficulty reconciling 18 and connecting their various insights. 19 This diversity of approaches is a strength, but also a weakness, to the extent that it impedes 20 communication and progress. In this special issue we bring together four contributions, from 21 very different perspectives, spanning the ways researchers frame problems in the prosody of 22 dialog. We have worked with the authors to make their research accessible to researchers from 23 different traditions. Thus, this special issue is for all who wish to broaden their perspective 24 on the prosody of dialog. This includes of course those already involved in prosody research 25 or phonetics more generally but also others. 26 In particular, scientists from other fields see the importance of understanding prosody. It is 27 fundamental to face-to-face dialog, which is a prototype of human social interaction, and rich 28 in examples of the interpersonal coordination skills that make humans what we are, different 29 from all other animals (Clark 1996, Levinson 2006, Dale et al. 2013, Melis et al. 2016). 30 These abilities are of importance for psycholinguistics, sociology and the other sciences, 31 and are of more than academic interest. There are many active researchers and practitioners 32 working in micro-analysis and conversation analysis, including for such practical purposes 33 as couples therapy, optimizing service interactions, improving workplace communication, 34


As the mathematical model that is built in traditional Kalman filtering is not very accurate and its statistical characteristics of dynamic noise are difficult to confirm,the traditional Kalman filtering may lead to filtering divergence,even may lead to evaluation distortion. Therefore,the method of self-adapting Kalman filtering is put forward to solve this problem. In this article,traditional Kalman filtering,self-adapting Kalman filtering based on maximum a posterior( MAP) estimation principle,and self-adapting Kalman filtering based on variance compensation are used to process the data in settlement prediction of Metro tunnels,and analysis and comparison are made among these three methods. The result shows that,compared to the other two methods,the method of self-adapting Kalman filtering based on variance compensation is more accurate in settlement prediction.


Methylnaltrexone bromide was synthesized from naltrexone hydrochloride via condensation with ethylene glycol,etherification with t-butyldimethylchlorosilane and methylation with methyl iodide to give(R)-3-[(tbutyldimethylsilyl) oxy]-17-cyclopropylmethyl-4,5a-epoxy-14-hydroxy-6-(1,3-dioxolane-2-yl)-N-methylmorphinanium iodide,which was subjected to hydrolysis with hydrobromic acid,ion exchange with bromide anion exchange resin.The overall yield was about 53%and HPLC purity was more than 99%.


We demonstrate HeMT, a multilingual Web system for human evaluation of machine translated metadata records. It allows human evaluators to examine and assess machine translation results for sample metadata records in Chinese, English, and Spanish. This paper describes the design principles, users, and the functions of the system. It also presents the research design of a small-scale usability testing that will not only examine the appearance of the Website, but also the accuracy of the content and the Website's cultural appropriateness.


The present study reports two experiments that required subjects to name target items preceded by a masked prime. Additionally, and subsequent to the naming task, subjects were required to indicate whether or not the prime was a word, along with a confidence rating of their lexical decision. Experiment 1 demonstrates that the processing of masked primes is facilitated by related targets when such targets are presented either 100 or 200 msec after the onset of the prime. Experiment 2 extends the finding of "retroactive" priming to a 1000=msec separation in prime–target presentation (SOA). The extent of retroactive priming is not dependent on SOA between prime and target, nor is it affected by the prime–mask SOA, which varied from 10 to 180 msec. Priming of targets was also independent of prime–target and prime–mask SOA, providing that primes had been classified as words. For word primes classified as non-words there was no semantic priming on target naming reaction time. Implications of these findings with respect to the nature of retroactive priming and the current controversy concerning subliminal priming effects were discussed.


The invention relates to a housing (2) for a propellant charge, notably for a piece of ammunition comprising a projectile (3) and a feathered sleeve housing having a cylindrical shell (12) and a closure cover (13) , housing characterized in that the cylindrical casing (12) is made of a plastic material and in that it is constituted by a lattice formed of strands (14a, 14b) defining openings (15).


We present an efficient, localized, and hybrid surface description method combining assets of radial basis functions and local ϕ polynomials. The method reduces the order of ϕ polynomials terms required for optics and applicable to general apertures.


In this paper, the following new methods of analysis and synthesis of near-zone, including Fresnel-region, fields will be presented: 1) A principle of subdivision and methods of near-zone field analysis. This principle makes possible the use of far-field techniques in near-zone field analyses. 2) A near-zone field synthesis method based upon the principle of subdivision. This method bears a close resemblance to the Woodward method of far-field synthesis. 3) A focusing theorem and a second near-zone field synthesis method. This method transforms a near-zone synthesis problem into a far-field problem, therefore any synthesis method applicable in the far-field can also be applied here. 4) Fresnel-region field analysis of a circular aperture. The results are expressed in terms of a class of new functions which are closely related to the Lommel's functions of two variables. Simple method of evaluating such functions will also be given. 5) A second focusing theorem and Fresnel-region field synthesis. The synthesis is also based upon far-field methods. Examples of both near-zone synthesis methods are included. Merits of each method are also discussed.


Objective: Given the involvement of chronic inflammation in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) and the impact of inflammation on different leucocyte subpopulations, monocyte and lymphocyte counts were related to mortality in these patients. Our aim was to determine the utility of LMR in predicting medium-term all-cause mortality of heart failure patients. Design and method: Patients with heart failure admitted to our clinic from January 2011 to December 2014 were included in this study. Patients with acute coronary syndromes, pulmonary embolisms, and in hospital mortality were excluded. Clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters were recorded for all patients on admission. Survival status was assessed in January 2016. Results: Our sample consisted of 612 HF patients, 337 (55.07%) female, with a mean age of 70.19 ± 11.18 years. Median (interquartile range) LMR was 2.88 (2.00; 4.04). LMR was inversely correlated with NT-proBNP levels (r = −0.463, p < 0.001), NYHA class (r = −0.423, p < 0.001), and length of hospital stay (r = −329, p < 0.001), and directly correlated to ejection fraction (r = 305, p < 0.001). Mortality rate was 28.69% during a median follow-up time of 3.7 (2; 5) years. In the entire study group, lower LMR predicted all-cause mortality with an AUC of 0.716 (95%CI 0.671–0.762), p < 0.001. Mortality was inversely proportional to LMR quartiles from 76 (50.33%) in first quartile to 15 (10.13%) in the fourth one, p for trend < 0.001. Patients in the first LMR quartile had an OR of 3.73 (95%CI 2.52–5.52), p < 0.001 for all-cause mortality. We therefore established the cut-off for adverse outcome at a LMR <  = 2, the upper limit of the first quartile. In multiple logistical regression forward conditional method, LMR <  = 2 was an independent predictor of mortality with a HR of 1.67 (95% CI 1.03–2.69), p = 0.035, after adjusting for age, sex, ejection fraction and NYHA class. Conclusions: LMR is an inexpensive, readily-available inflammation biomarker useful as an independent predictor of mortality in HF patients, with additional value alongside the classical prognostic parameters. We suggest the cut-off value of LMR <  = 2 as an indicator of poor prognosis in HF patients.


The invention discloses a double coptis injection the preparation method thereof, including that honeysuckle is firstly processed with warm immersion to obtain honeysuckle warm immersion extract, and then forsythia is decocted to obtain forsythia decocted liquid. Then the honeysuckle warm immersion liquid and forsythia decocted liquid are mixed for the subsequent condensation and extraction steps. Besides, before baical skullcap root is extracted, baical skullcap root is firstly processed with warm immersion and decocted. The invention adopts the process to save extraction time, increase the yield of the active ingredient of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle and increase the content of baical skullcap root. The double coptis injection prepared through the preparation method has more stable quality and better curative effect.


The utility model discloses a panel structure capable of being unfolded and frapped. The panel structure comprises a panel unit assembly, wherein the panel unit assembly comprises panels, connecting location boards and locating screws, the panels are connected through the connecting location boards, the connecting location boards are provided with sliding chutes which are in fit with the locating screws, and the locating screws are fixedly arranged on the panels and are arranged in the sliding chutes in a sliding way. The panel structure disclosed by the utility model has the advantages that the structure is reasonable, the application is wide, and the assembly and the disassembly are convenient, safe and reliable.


The purpose of the present study is to build a theoretically based and empirically grounded framework that enables a better understanding of corporate rebranding processes among small companies. Corporate rebranding is addressed from a visual viewpoint concentrating on changes to corporate name and logo. The theoretical background is based on corporate branding, corporate rebranding and organisational change literature. The research setting is small software companies that operate in B2B markets. The empirical part is conducted as a multiple case study of three cases by gathering data both before and after corporate name changes. The main data gathering method was narrative interviews supported by several specifying interviews and secondary data. The results are first presented as narratives followed by process descriptions and finally combined into an empirically grounded processual framework for corporate rebranding. First, context-related characteristics influencing and reasons for corporate rebranding are revealed. Second, sub-processes of corporate rebranding are presented during three different time periods; 1) before establishing the company, 2) after establishing the company during the time when the original corporate name is in use and 3) after establishing the company when the new corporate name is in use. Third, outputs of corporate rebranding are described in the forms of the new name and logo. For small business managers the study offers four interesting findings. First, developing a new corporate name in company is cheap but may take several years. Using marketing communications agencies may result in a faster process, but in that case, the cost implications should be accepted. Second, the company should inform its stakeholders of the forthcoming name change for two reasons: 1) stakeholders may provide ideas for a new name; and 2) proactively spreading information on a forthcoming name change may avoid misunderstandings, for example, rumours of bankruptcy, when the name change is executed. Third, encouraging stakeholders to invent a new name and evaluate the potential new name may help to ensure that the new name will not cause any unwanted associations. Fourth, in launching the new name electronic devices may be far more cost-effective than expensive marketing communications campaigns to communicate the change.


In contract research, such questions as the choice of qualitative or quantitative methods often depend on practical limitations & on the requirements of the sponsoring organization -- in other words, on factors external to science. The combination of qualitative & quantitative methods reduces project risk & enhances its impact on decision making. Research institutes that work for a particular sector of society must especially aim at clarifying the problems of their principals, as described by Peter van Hoesel in "Programmering van beleidsonderzoek" ([Programming of Policy Research] 1985, no other publication data provided). Modified HA


Pulmonary hypertension, induced by hypoxia is a serious and progressive complication in a number of patients with COPD and concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes of clinical manifestations of pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD and CAD, treated with statins. Materials and methods. 42 patients with COPD and CAD, complicated by hopoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, were examined (27 males and 15 females, mean age — (62,1 ± 6,6) years). A physical examination, chest radiography, 12-lead ECG, generally accepted spirometry, 6-minute walking test, oxygen saturation (pulsoxymetry before and post walking), EchoCG were done. Besides, in each patient the severity of disease was measured using Borg questionnaire and mMRC scale. The annual number of COPD exacerbations was calculated using medical history reports. Results. It was proved that long-term (at least 6 months) use of atorvastatin in combination with maintenance therapy in patients with COPD and CAD, significantly decreases the rate of progression of pulmonary hypertension. The administration of atorvastatin in daily dose 20 mg was more preferred, because it caused significant improvement of clinical indices, such as exercise tolerance, dyspnea and exerciseinduced hypoxia.


Video games can allow players to explore environments, which are representative of, or contain elements of physical world cultures, for example, allowing a player to explore ancient Egypt in Pharaoh (Impressions Games, 1999, Pharaoh [PC Game]. Sierra Entertainment) or present day Chicago in Watchdogs (Ubisoft Montreal, 2014, [PlayStation 4 game]. Guildford), etc. Game designers need to make design decisions regarding how these environments are going to be represented, including which items are going to be utilized, how they are going to be used in the game, and the level of detail to which they are going to be presented. These decisions can lead to concerns regarding how particular cultures are represented. This article describes research undertaken to investigate the design process with respect to the inclusion of physical world cultures in virtual game environments. Within the study approaches used (including processes and methods) by game designers in the stages of conceptualization, design and delivery are explored. In addition, these are contextualized through an understanding of designer attitudes towards the inclusion of items with cultural meaning and their perspectives on the importance of cultural representation within video games. This involved interviewing eight video game designers from global contexts within the industry, all with the experience of generating cultural items for inclusion in video game contexts. These interviews were structured with a focus on exploring views, experiences, beliefs and motivations of the individuals and of their working teams. Analysis was carried out through the use of a methodological process of analytical induction with the coding of particular variables within each interview transcript, and the transformation of the complete set of codings into a set of conceptual statements. This article relates these conceptual statements to earlier work regarding close readings of particular video games and discusses the relationship between design processes (facilitated through the interviews) and realized game worlds (facilitated through the close readings).


This paper presents a numerical study of a road barrier subjected to a bus crash test. The authors focus on the proper description of a barrier material model. Material model parameters are verified according to a simulated forming process. The solution uses modeling and simulation methods, as well as the finite elements method implemented with LS-DYNA software. The obtained results show that defining a proper road barrier model must consider the manufacturing process. Intensive plastic deformation leads to a significant increase in yield stress only in areas where the highest strain is observed during the forming process. The barrier model is divided into three zones, each of which have material properties characterized by different constants. The described construction, which uses homogenous material, is much more deformed and flatter than that of the improved model. Comparison with the experimental results shows that the new model better describes barrier deformation. In addition, deformation of the barrier under impact is evaluated according to European regulations (EN 1317). In comparison to the performed bus crash test, the crash test parameters obtained in the numerical simulation (static working width and normalized working width) gave more accurate results when the improved material model was utilized.This paper presents a numerical study of a road barrier subjected to a bus crash test. The authors focus on the proper description of a barrier material model. Material model parameters are verified according to a simulated forming process. The solution uses modeling and simulation methods, as well as the finite elements method implemented with LS-DYNA software. The obtained results show that defining a proper road barrier model must consider the manufacturing process. Intensive plastic deformation leads to a significant increase in yield stress only in areas where the highest strain is observed during the forming process. The barrier model is divided into three zones, each of which have material properties characterized by different constants. The described construction, which uses homogenous material, is much more deformed and flatter than that of the improved model. Comparison with the experimental results shows that the new model better describes barrier deformation. In addition, deformation of the ba...


Abstract The elastic interaction energy ΔE between a lattice dislocation and a grain boundary is calculated for different geometrical configurations and for different anisotropic f.c.c. materials using an integral method. The results point out special configurations for which ΔE = 0 and attribute a particular importance to the anisotropy factor H in agreement with previous work on b.c.c. metals. In this paper, the emphasis is laid on the influence on the image force of two factors: the edge or screw character of the lattice dislocation and the tilt or twist character of the grain boundary. Finally, the image forces, compared with the frictional forces and with the forces between two dislocations, are found not negligible. It turns out that the image force effects must be taken into account when drawing up a balance sheet of the interaction between a lattice dislocation and an interface.


Carbon dioxide sequestration in deep saline aquifers and depleted reservoirs relies on numerical models for the prediction of the spatial distribution of CO2 saturation during injection and migration. Due to the limited knowledge of the rock and fluid properties before injection, model predictions are often uncertain and must be updated when new measurements are available. The spatial distribution of CO2 saturation and the plume location can be monitored using time-lapse geophysical data, such as seismic and controlled source electromagnetic surveys. We propose a geostatistical inversion approach for the prediction of the time-dependent spatial distribution of CO2 saturation from geophysical data. The methodology is based on the application of a stochastic optimization method, the Ensemble Smoother, for the solution of the inverse problem, using rock physics and geophysical models. The inversion is applied to the difference in the geophysical data acquired before and during injection. The predicted models of CO2 saturation are obtained by updating an ensemble of geostatistically generated prior realizations, based on the misfit between geophysical model predictions and measured data. The novelty of the approach is the integration of geostatistical algorithms and stochastic optimization methods for the joint inversion of geophysical data. The proposed approach allows including hydrological constraints in the prior model and quantifying the prediction uncertainty due to the noise and resolution of the data and approximations in the physical relations. The method is applied to the Johansen formation model, offshore Norway, using synthetic seismic and electromagnetic data.


The shanghai city has been classified into several portions according to the different characters of rainfall runoff- and storm tide-induced disasters based on principles in calamity science, factors caused disaster through single factor analytical method. The research focus is the regions hit by storm tides. Simulation model of dynamic dyke break has been coupled with hydrological flood routing model. The integrated risks combined with flood natural risk and flood control engineering vulnerability were analyzed, in which the assessment method has been given using the fuzzy mathematics and probabilistic method. Finally, the flooding risk map was drawn on the platform of GIS. This paper provides a research framework for future research of integrated risk analysis, models and strategies for flood control.


IgE sensitization to Anisakis pegreffii in Italian subjects suffering from gastro‐allergic anisakiasis (GAA) (N=5), or showing chronic urticaria (CU+) after fish consumption (N=100), was investigated. A control group (N=5) was also included. IgE response was analysed by immunoblotting (WB) assay, using both excretory/secretory products (ESPs) and crude extract (CE) of A. pegreffii larvae. The results were compared with those achieved by the conventional immunological method for Anisakis allergy (ie, immunoCAP). Among the 110 subjects, 28 showed IgE positivity with both WB and iCAP methods; 13 proved IgE reactivity, in WB assay, to ESP antigens of A. pegreffii, here provisionally indicated as Ani s 1‐like, Ani s 7‐like, Ani s 13‐like; only 15 sera have shown IgE‐WB reaction to Ani s 7‐like and Ani s 13‐like. iCAP and WB exhibited a high concordance value (κ=1.00) when iCAP value was <0.35 (negative result) and >50.0 (positive result). In the sera samples recorded as positive to Anisakis allergy, Ani s 1‐like was responsible for 46.4% of the sensitivity, while Ani s 7‐like and Ani s 13‐like for 100%. They could be considered as major antigens in the diagnosis of allergic anisakiasis caused by A. pegreffii.


Previous research by the authors has been directed toward phonetic transcription of fluent speech. We have applied our techniques to speech recognition on the DARPA Resource Management Task. In order to perform speech recognition, however, the phonetic transcription must be interpreted as a sequence of words. A central component of this process is lexical access for which a novel method is proposed.


Analytics is a key success factor for any business in the competitive and fast-changing world. Using good analytics, people, business, social, and government organizations become capable of making good decisions. With augmented analytics, human expertise actually becomes more crucial than ever. This chapter aims to introduce the hybrid intelligence approach by focusing on its unique analytical capabilities. The state-of-the-art in hybrid intelligence, symbiosis and cooperative interaction between human intelligence and artificial intelligence in solving a wide range of practical tasks, and one of the hybrid intelligence frameworks, a human-centered approach for evaluation and monitoring of complex processes, have been considered in this chapter. The chapter could be interesting for analysts and researchers who desire to do analytics with more intelligence.


1. The term "dyserythropoietic jaundice" is used to designate a peculiar abnormality characterized by marked overproduction of bilirubin and associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and great excesses of fecal urobilinogen. Labeling with N15 glycine revealed that these excesses were mainly unrelated to destruction of mature circulating red cells, which had only a slightly shortened life span.

2. The hyperplastic, normoblastic bone marrow exhibited considerable phagocytosis of red cells and normoblasts and marked hemosiderosis with many iron-laden phagocytes. Siderocytes were relatively rare in the peripheral blood, which also exhibited consistent reticulocytosis, 3-10 per cent, but normal erythrocyte porphyrin concentrations. There was increased plasma iron turnover but decreased appearance of Fe59 in the circulating red cells.

3. The possibility is considered that there is a basic abnormality in hemoglobin synthesis in the normoblasts, with excessive production of hemoglobin or heme which is then converted to bilirubin either within the normoblast or after excretion into the blood. The observed phagocytosis of normoblasts and erythrocytes may be a secondary rather than basic disturbance of the disease.

4. This case appears to represent a unique form of chronic jaundice due to a remarkable overproduction of bilirubin without evidence of hemolysis in the ordinary sense. The extent to which this is related to intramedullary destruction of young red cells or to a basic abnormality in hemoglobin synthesis in the normoblasts, as above, cannot be determined. It is considered less likely that the overproduction is due to a true shunt—that is, bilirubin formation from porphyrin precursors. The marked dyserythropoiesis suggests that the overproduction of bilirubin was medullary rather than hepatic, although the latter is not excluded.


A heavy off-road vehicle cab front overhang connecting device comprises a front overhang lower bracket assembly composed of a front overhang lower left bracket assembly body and a front overhang lower right bracket assembly body, a cab turning shaft assembly, two front overhang damper assemblies and a cab stiffening beam assembly composed of a cab left stiffening beam assembly body and a cab right stiffening beam assembly body; the front overhang lower bracket assembly is arranged on a frame, the two ends of the cab turning shaft assembly are arranged in a semicircular groove of the front overhang lower left bracket assembly body and in a semicircular groove of the front overhang lower right bracket assembly body respectively and pressed through a cover plate assembly, the upper ends of the two front overhang damper assemblies are fixed on the upper end of a vertical beam of the cab left stiffening beam assembly body and the upper end of a vertical beam of the cab right stiffening beam assembly body respectively, and the lower ends of the two front overhang damper assemblies are fixedly connected with the two ends of the cab turning shaft assembly respectively. According to the heavy off-road vehicle cab front overhang connecting device, by changing the cab front overhang connecting device, the arrangement height of a cab on a chassis is lowered, so that the height of the whole vehicle is shortened, a vehicle can be used under special circumstances, and the popularization of the heavy off-road vehicle is facilitated.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Gender affirming hormone treatment markedly worsens semen parameters of transgender women. Fertility preservation (FP) is strongly recommended prior hormone treatment to avoid future discontinuation of treatment should there be a desire to have children. As younger patients are now receiving hormonal manipulation, we set out to investigate the take up, hormonal profile and sperm quality in UK adolescents either able to cryopreserve or those needing surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) prior to starting hormonal treatment. METHODS: A retrospective review of all cases for FP in transgender girls was performed using data from a prospectively maintained database. All patients were counselled for FP and blood samples for testosterone, FSH, and LH were recorded prior to providing semen samples on site. If the sample was not sufficient or the patient was unwilling to masturbate, SSR was offered using electro-ejaculation (EE) þ/TESE. Semen samples were classified for concentration; normal >15mil/ml, oligospermia <15mil/ml, poor <1sperm/slide, azoospermia. RESULTS: 90 adolescents were referred for FP (median age 15.7 years, range 12 to 18). 17 patients (19%) declined FP. The majority of patients (n[67, 69%) were able to produce a semen sample by masturbation with an average of 6.6 straws for cryopreservation. Mean ejaculate volume was 1.75ml [0.1-7.5]. Sperm concentration was normal in 33% of patients, while 45% had oligospermia, 9% had poor sperm concentration, and 6% were azoospermic. Mean blood results were: Testosterone 11.43 nmol/l, FSH 3.3 IU/L, LH 3.78 IU/L. SSR was required in 9% (n[8) of patients. These patients were younger (median age 14.8) and EE was successful in 37%, while the rest proceeded with TESE. Semen parameters in this smaller cohort were poor but possibly adequate for ICSI fertility treatment. A mean of 6.2 vials were stored. Hormone levels were similar to the masturbation cohort. Mean testosterone 9.4nmol/l [5.9-12-8], FSH 3.4 IU/L [1.2-4.9], LH 3.5 IU/L [2.3-4.7]. There were no adverse outcomes after SSR. CONCLUSIONS: We report results from the largest cohort of transgender girls referred for FP in the UK. Semen concentrations were below 15mil/ml in 67% of those able to masturbate, but an average of 6.6 straws were frozen. SSR was successful in all cases, although sperm parameters were poor in all cases. Masturbation is often possible in this group, but for those unwilling, SSR provides an alternative option to give patients the opportunity to have their own biological children in the future, whatever the outcome of their GID.


Librarians, archivists, library technicians, and computing professionals involved in the day-to-day running of libraries and other information centers are adept at searching databases and securing facilities and media. In many cases, in addition to responding quickly and accurately to patron queries, they produce lengthy research reports, providing important background information for decision makers. Adding to their profound knowledge of their own collections, they become particularly adept at locating information that is publicly available and assessing the trustworthiness of a variety of information sources, known to the intelligence community as "open source," as opposed to "classified" materials. The sort of intelligence gained from their analysis is known as open-source intelligence, or OSINT. The notion that library and information studies (LIS) practitioners might become more involved in intelligence analysis presents not only an additional career path for LIS graduates but an interesting twist on the notion of "library and archival security." Traditionally, we have been concerned with the security of repositories themselves and the well-being of their staffs. However, those facilities sometimes engage in investigations for government and corporate purposes, and further research might well involve studies of those activities. Though librarians may be subject specialists with high degrees of domain knowledge, the overall methods and perspectives of library and information science lead to an habitual way of looking at published material, whether in print, digital, or other media. That approach is necessarily versatile and applicable in a variety of situations. The intelligence community, which herein is taken to mean both those concerned with national security and those in the corporate sphere, have recently expressed a growing need for more trained analysts. To a number of educators and practitioners within the library world and the intelligence community, the notion that librarians might make good OSINT analysts appears to be worth pursuing. In making the transition from expert searcher and researcher to analyst, librarians should have a solid basis upon which to build. Organizations such as the Canadian Security Intelligence Service and the Government Communications Headquarters in the United Kingdom have been hiring MLIS graduates in supportive library and information science positions for some time. Private sector corporations, nonprofits, and political


The phenomenon of default and redistribution in college graduates has much negative effect. There are many causes for it. To eliminate this phenomenon, we can enhance caceer guidance, adjust the time for bulletin of allocation statistic, strengthen the standardized management of allocation department and the political education of graduates.


Objective To establish the TLC method for the identification of Folium Viticis negundo and Oleum Viticis negundo.Methods Used the Oleum Viticis negundo as reference.Applied gel silica G thin layer plate by using the mobile phase 10:0.3 petroleum ether-acetoacetate solution,and the coloring agent alcohol solution of 5%vanillin and 10%sulfuric acid.The coloring temperature was 105°C.Results The spots were clear and the segregation was good.Conclusion The operation is brief and the reproducibility is good.The method can be used to identify Folium Viticis Negundo and Oleum Viticis Negundo.


A cancer cell specific aptamer was labeled with an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe for the first time. Using it as a light-up bioprobe, a specific cancer cell detection method is developed.


As a behavior criterion,law holds universal applicability and claimes equality to everyone and everything.Law respects humanity and the rule of law requires general obedience.Misdemeanors,due to the less-serious harm to society,can be exempted from punishment imposed on mitigated punishment.


Surface transportation policies under TEA-21 aren't likely to shift much, but the new administration may consider some adjustments. Among the possible changes are: giving more decision-making back to states and localities; making congestion relief a focus of federal efforts; improving performance of already-built facilities with a more performance-based, customer-oriented approach; and pushing safety innovations aimed at older drivers.