The present study reports the synthesis of Ba1-xCexTiO3 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol. %) particles by the sol-gel method and investigates the ferroelectric and magnetoelectric coupling properties. Rietveld refinement of XRD analysis identifies the structural transformation from tetragonal to pseudocubic above 2 mol. % of Ce concentration supported by Raman spectra. The unitcell volume V has increased due to the substitution of Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions on both Ba and Ti sites. XPS data reveal that the oxygen vacancies are rich for Ce doped BaTiO3 compared to the undoped particles. From the FESEM analysis, a gradual increase in the average grain size from 618 to 1046 nm is found up to 3 mol. % and then decreases for 4 mol. % (537 nm). The PE loop determines the highest Pr value of 9.95 μC/cm2 at 2 mol. % of Ce due to the existence of the morphotropic phase boundary (tetragonal + pseudocubic phases). MH curves show that the net magnetization enhances from 6.63 to 7.9 × 10−4 emu/g on Ce doping. Further, the dynamic magnetoelectric measurement demonstrates that the coefficients α and β are maximum at 2 mol. % of Ce ions owing to the strain mediated magnetoelectric coupling.The present study reports the synthesis of Ba1-xCexTiO3 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol. %) particles by the sol-gel method and investigates the ferroelectric and magnetoelectric coupling properties. Rietveld refinement of XRD analysis identifies the structural transformation from tetragonal to pseudocubic above 2 mol. % of Ce concentration supported by Raman spectra. The unitcell volume V has increased due to the substitution of Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions on both Ba and Ti sites. XPS data reveal that the oxygen vacancies are rich for Ce doped BaTiO3 compared to the undoped particles. From the FESEM analysis, a gradual increase in the average grain size from 618 to 1046 nm is found up to 3 mol. % and then decreases for 4 mol. % (537 nm). The PE loop determines the highest Pr value of 9.95 μC/cm2 at 2 mol. % of Ce due to the existence of the morphotropic phase boundary (tetragonal + pseudocubic phases). MH curves show that the net magnetization enhances from 6.63 to 7.9 × 10−4 emu/g on Ce doping. Further, the dynamic m...


The perforated shrouds have been proposed to control cylinder flows, while the effects and mechanisms at different Reynolds numbers (Res) remain unclear. Three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted in this paper to compare the aerodynamic performance of the flow around a smooth cylinder and a shrouded cylinder at Re of 3900 and 1.4×105. The results indicate that the drag of the perforated shrouded cylinder is reduced by 30.8% at the high Re, while increased by 26% at Re of 3900 compared with the smooth cylinder. Differently, the lift oscillations of the cylinder are greatly weakened by 83.3% at the Re of 3900 and 98.5% at the Re of 1.4×105, which implies the wake oscillations are nearly eliminated at the Re of 1.4×105. Further analysis exhibits the near wake region is elongated along the mainstream, with significantly recovered pressure. Especially, the greater pressure loss owing to outer shrouds even leads to the negative drag of the inner cylinder at the high Re. In addition, the incoming flow is broken up by outer shrouds, and different flow patterns appear in the gap. The discernible vortex pairs occur in the gap at the Re of 3900, while as Re increases to 1.4×105, the quantities of small-scale vortex weaken the impact on the inner cylinder. The shear layer characteristics are elucidated by Lamb vector curl and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. The vorticity stretching and tilting in the shear layer of the shrouded cylinder is much weaker at the high Re. Generally, the energy for shear layer instabilities at low frequencies is diminished with the presence of perforated shrouds. However, the energy at higher frequencies is strengthened at the low Re.


There have been several developments in the research on the history of the second American women's movement since the 1990s. One of the changes is to pay more attention to those women and organizations who did not call themselves feminists. These women usually dealt with multiple oppressions at the same time, such as race, class, and gender. Thus gender was often only one among many issues in their agenda. However, their contribution to the enhancement of American women's status did not previously receive enough attention from historians of the women's movement. The League of Women Voters (LWV) is one such women's organizations. Although the LWV was directly transformed from the National American Women Suffrage Association in 1920, it had abandoned women's rights as its primary goal in the 1950s. It called itself an organization of public interest or a women's voluntary association. Its members committed themselves to the causes of human rights and were concerned with the welfare of all oppressed people. Based on the philosophy of "representative government" and "the responsibility of individual citizens to be active and informed participants in the democratic process," the LWV continued to work on voter information and citizenship training. In addition, through nonpartisanship, the LWV lobbied aggressively for national and international causes after conducting rigorous study and reaching a consensus. Its motto was "every issue is a woman's issue." This article examines the feminism of the LWV between 1960 and 1974, roughly from the beginning of the second women's movement through its high point. On the one hand, I compare feminist ideas of the LWV and of the mainstream women's movement. On the other hand, I examine the agendas and activities of the LWV to understand its feminist stance. Through investigating the content of the League's feminism, I hope to shed some light on the diversity and complexity of American feminism and its women's movement. After the introduction, I briefly introduce the history, characteristics, and importance of the League. Then I analyze how the term "feminist" became so problematic to League members, and I introduce two definitions of feminism offered by historians. In the final three sections, I highlight the League's feminist ideas through examining its changing positions toward the Equal Rights Amendment, its responses and reactions to the women's movement, and its "human resource" program. Finally, I conclude that the LWV carried on their tradition of social feminism which did not limited their scope to women's issues only.


This paper derives a novel continuum of Doherty power amplifier (PA) solutions with enhanced load modulation over an extended RF bandwidth. It is analytically shown that Doherty PAs with efficiency peaks at maximum power and at an arbitrary back-off level can be achieved with numerous configurations of output power combiner. Generalized governing equations for carrier and peaking transistor current ratios, voltage profiles, and biasing conditions are derived in order to assess the performance of any Doherty amplifier configuration. The generalization demonstrates the impact of the selection of the output combiner on PA performance and highlights the tradeoffs between the different solutions. A wideband Doherty PA was designed based on the proposed methodology and implemented using packaged gallium nitride transistors. Over the frequency band of 0.55–1.10 GHz, the Doherty PA exhibited drain efficiency in excess of 40% and 56% at 6-dB output power back-off (OPBO) and peak power, respectively. The Doherty PA was successfully linearized when driven with modulated stimulus and achieved average drain efficiency above 40% at 7.1-dB OPBO.


Methods and procedures for acquisition, analysis and interpretation of functional MRI (fMRI) have been investigated by numerous groups; for example Hanzhang et al., 2006, Lindquist 2008, Jezzard et al., 2015, and Silva 2015. As with any complex method there is concern with the quality of practice, and Eklund et al. (2016a), after reviewing and reanalyzing a large number of fMRI data sets, indicated that there were likely problems with previously reported fMRI findings that they referred to as "Cluster failure". The original claim was that "These results question the validity of some 40,000 fMRI studies and may have a large impact on the interpretation of neuroimaging results". This claim was later softened removing "40,000" and changing the wording to "weakly significant neuroimaging results" (Eklund et al., 2016b). Another claim was that "It is not feasible to redo 40,000 fMRI studies, and lamentable archiving and data-sharing practices mean most could not be reanalyzed either". This was also changed to "Due to lamentable archiving and data-sharing practices, it is unlikely that the problematic analyses can be redone". These claims prompted several groups to respond (Brown & Behrmann 2017, Kessler et al., 2016, 2017) with additional comments and details regarding fMRI. Also, the OHBM posted a formal response at its website along with comments from several experts including Eklund (https://www. ohbmbrainmappingblog.com/blog/keep-calm-and-scan-on). To help clarify Eklund's original report, one co-author, Tom Nichols, posted additional information about the processing done and suggested that the potential number of papers affected was more like 3500, along with additional details (http://blogs.warwick.ac. uk/nichols/entry/bibliometrics_of_cluster/). The intent of this special section of the journal is to clarify Eklund's claims along with discussion of each claim (Friston) and to emphasize appropriate uses of fMRI especially for dealing with a consistent concern, motion correction (Satterthwaite et al).


INTRODUCTION
Invasive fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Caspofungin is an echinocandin used as an alternative treatment in the prevention and/or treatment of certain invasive fungal infections in children, although compared to the standard treatment there is little evidence on its efficacy and safety.

OBJETIVES
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of caspofungin compared with other antifungal drugs for the prevention and/or treatment of invasive fungal infections in children.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The objective of the initial search strategy was to identify randomized controlled studies of acceptable methodological quality (Jadad scale >3), through the key word "caspofungin", conducted in patients with an age range from 0 to 18 years old.

RESULTS
Only 3 publications met the inclusion criteria. Two of them were studies conducted in children and one in newborn infants. A higher incidence of adverse events was not documented for caspofungin and its efficacy was not different from that of other antifungal drugs (typical RR 1.47; CI 95%: 0.78-2.79).

CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review suggests that caspofungin could be considered as an alternative drug in children for the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections. However, given the small number of existing publications, more studies are required to reach definite conclusions.


Background: Balance is a vital component of physical fitness wherein athletes have to stay in control oftheir body's position. Poor balance has often been associated with the risk of sustaining injuries amongparticipants of competitive sports. Y balance test (YBT) has been found to be a reliable and valid toolto assess balance. Establishing a normative data for different sports based on their level of competitioncould be beneficial for screening, ruling out balance deficits. It could as well help coaches or trainers makedecisions about athlete's fitness level, risk of injuries and return to sports after any injury.Objectives: To find out the normative data of lower extremity using Y Balance test among collegiate soccerplayers and to compare the Y balance scores between the legs.Study Design: A cross sectional study.Methods: Thirty three soccer players aged between 17-26 were selected from Yenepoya (Deemed to beUniversity) soccer team. A standardized protocol was followed to record Y balance test scores. Reachdistances of each participant was then normalized with limb length of respective side. Mean and standarddeviation was used to find the normative distribution of Y balance reach score in all the three directions andpaired t-test was used to compare the reach scores between the legs.Result: Normative values of anterior reach distance right and left were 70.93 and 70.79 respectively,posterolateral right and left were 107.95 and 107.74 respectively, posteromedial right and left were 105.52and 106.26 respectively and composite scores of right and left were 94.82 and 94.86 respectively. Therewere no statistically significant difference between the legs in anterior, posterolateral, posteromedial andcomposite scores.Conclusion: Normative data of dynamic balance of lower extremity among collegiate soccer players havebeen established using Y balance test kit.


ABSTRACT The properties of high-dimensional Bingham distributions have been studied by Kume and Walker (2014). Fallaize and Kypraios (2016) propose the Bayesian inference for the Bingham distribution and they use developments in Bayesian computation for distributions with doubly intractable normalizing constants (Møller et al. 2006; Murray, Ghahramani, and MacKay 2006). However, they rely heavily on two Metropolis updates that they need to tune. In this article, we propose instead a model selection with the marginal likelihood.


An algorithm-based symptom checker is a service that predicts and informs the expected disease name based on the symptoms entered by users and informs the user of actions to be taken afterward. Few studies have been done on the perception and algorithm experience with the symptom checker at the best of our knowledge even though user-centered research on how users interact with algorithms and interpret the algorithmic results has recently emerged largely in the field of HCI. In this position paper, we share our results from an empirical study defining challenges that prevent user trust toward algorithm-based symptom checkers. Based on the identified challenges, we suggest design ideas for implementing explainable AI (XAI) to algorithm-based symptom checkers to enhance users' understanding and trust in existing symptom checkers.


The verb 'fa' is a characteristic lexeme in Swedish - it has a high frequency and very complex uses. It can be a main verb, a modal verb, an aspectual verb, a causative verb and a phrasal verb. The verb is also found in a large number of more or less fixed lexicalized phrases with various meanings. In this paper, I present some results from a larger study of this verb in a Swedish-French contrastive perspective. French does not possess a direct equivalent to the Swedish verb 'fa'. The closest English equivalent would probably be 'get' which has been studied in a recent thesis by Ebeling (2003) in a Norwegian-English perspective. In order to find the French equivalents of 'fa', one must study the differents uses of 'fa' separately. These uses are first distinguished by means of syntactic criteria and then by means of semantic and pragmatic criteria. In fact, the meaning of the verb seems to a large extent to be dependent on the syntactic frame in which the verb occurs. In the present paper, attention is paid only to the modal use of the verb.


Diurnal trends in hydrochemical components of stream and river water, especially nutrients, is growing in interest as instrumentation capable of measuring at fine time scales becomes increasingly available. In this growing body of work, there are few studies that simultaneously report the dynamics of the major nutrients nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium through time. We used an in situ nutrient autoanalyzer to simultaneously measure nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium concentrations with wet chemistry methods in an arctic headwater stream. We operated the analyzer under two sampling regimes: (1) time interval (hourly) sampling to examine fine time scale nutrient dynamics and (2) continuous sampling (1 s data) to evaluate nutrient uptake from a pulse solute addition experiment. Hourly sampling showed inverse diurnal oscillating trends of nitrate and ammonium concentrations for several days during base flow conditions. We propose that this trend is a result of in‐stream nutrient processing (autotrophic demand and nitrification) combined with increased lateral inputs of water from the active (thawed) soil layer at night, after evapotranspiration (ET) has ceased. Pulse additions of ammonium resulted in rapid increases in nitrate concentration, confirming potential magnitude of nitrification in this system. Phosphate concentrations were usually at or below detection limits, consistent with results from previous manual sampling of this stream. We conclude that as studies examining fine time scale nutrient trends in streams and rivers increase, the ability to examine the behavior of multiple nutrients simultaneously will be pertinent to assess the underlying mechanisms driving those trends.


#### Summary points

Vitamin B12 is an essential cofactor that is integral to methylation processes important in reactions related to DNA and cell metabolism, thus a deficiency may lead to disruption of DNA and cell metabolism and thus have serious clinical consequences.1 Intracellular conversion of vitamin B12 to two active coenzymes, adenosylcobalamin in mitochondria and methylcobalamin in the cytoplasm, is necessary for the homeostasis of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, respectively.2 3 Methylmalonic acid is converted into succinyl-CoA, of which vitamin B12 is a cofactor for the reaction. Homocysteine is biosynthesised from methionine then resynthesised into methionine or converted into amino acid cysteine.

Vitamin B12 (also referred to as cobalamin) deficiency is relatively common, with important and variable clinical consequences. This review presents a concise summary of the most up to date evidence on how to diagnose and manage vitamin B12 deficiency.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched PubMed and Google Scholar using the terms "vitamin B12 deficiency" and "cobalamin deficiency", and hand selected the most relevant and appropriate articles. We also used evidence based guidelines from the British Committee for Standards in Haematology; however, evidence, especially in the form of randomised controlled trials, is lacking.4

Foods containing vitamin B12 are …


Acoustic rhinometry is a new method to measure the patency of the nasal airway. In this study the clinical measuring conditions were systematically evaluated. The test-retest validity was analysed by repeated measurements in ordinary, not specially trained patients and was found to be at the level of approximately 15%. The need for acclimatization before measurements was tested by making a series of measurements on two separate occasions: one after a rest period following the patient's arrival at the nose laboratory, and a second in another session where no rest was allowed for. Statistically, no significant differences between the repeated measurements in the two occasions were found. However, there was a tendency towards smaller nasal volumes in the measures of the repeated recordings made without an acclimatization period. Therefore, it seems to be advisable to have an acclimatization period before acoustic rhinometry measurements.


We report an effective system for introducing exogenous DNA into cells of embryonic calli of Oryza sativa L. cv. Japonica. Plant cells were pretreated in hypertonic buffer to draw some of the water from the cells and were then put into medium of less negative osmotic potential containing exogenous DNA and treated immediately with a laser microbeam (λ=355 nm) to puncture holes in the cell wall and membrane. The pretreatment of the cells generated a gradient of osmotic pressure between the inside and outside of the cells, which facilitated the uptake of material into cells through the laser perforations. Bright yellow-green fluorescence could be detected inside cells that had been bathed in a solution containing the fluorescent molecule calcein. β-Glucuronidase (GUS) genes were successfully introduced into rice cells as indicated by gene expression both in post-treated cells and in plantlets derived from kanamycin-resistant calli that had been treated by this method.


Push-pull communications is a real-time middleware service that has been implemented on top of a resource kernel operating system. It is a many-to-many communication model that can support multi-participant real-time applications. It covers both "push" (publisher/subscriber model) and "pull" (data transfer initiated by a receiver) communications. Unlike the publisher/subscriber model, different publishers and subscribers can operate at different data rates and also can choose another (intermediate) node to act as their proxy and deliver data at their desired frequency. We specifically address end-to-end predictability of the push-pull model. The scheduling mechanisms in the OS, the middleware architecture and the underlying network QoS support can impact the timeliness of data. We obtain our end-to-end timeliness and bandwidth guarantees by using a resource kernel offering CPU reservations and the use of a guaranteed bandwidth network (DARWIN) between push-pull end-points. We formally analyze the problem of choosing an optimal proxy location within a network. We discuss our implementation of this system and carry out a detailed performance evaluation on an integrated RT-Mach-Darwin testbed at Carnegie Mellon. Our results open up interesting research directions for the scheduling of computation and communication resources for the applications using the push-pull service. The push-pull framework can easily be incorporated in an RT-CORBA Event Service model.


Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is rarely seen in association with atrioventricular septal defect. Although paroxysm's of palpitation due to supraventricular tachycardia can occur in these patients, rare, fatal, ventricular dysrhythmias can also occur. Herein, we report the case of a 20-year-old male patient with partial atrioventricular septal defect and WPW syndrome for intracardiac repair, developing intraoperative Torsades de pointes and postoperative cardiac arrest, adding to the difficulty in overall patient management.


The article deals with the linguistic mechanisms generating implicit content of a literary text and its innovative form. The role of the general phenomenon of compression is emphasized assuming that it creates such stylistic means as ambiguous structures, intertextual relationships, dialogue of languages, author's irony. The analysis of a fragment of Cervantes' novel Don Quixote confirms the close correlation between linguistic peculiarities of the text and its characteristics as a literary arts work.


This study presents and empirically tests a model of the relationships between cultural, political, and economic measures and business practices in sixty two countries. GLOBE study's nine dimensions of culture's scores are regressed along scores on democracy, religiousness, GDP, corruption, and country risk. The results indicate that in-group collectivism and humane orientation are good predictors of democracy, religion, and corruption; performance orientation and uncertainty avoidance are good predictors of societal institutions; and corruption and societal institutions are good predictors of country risk. Implications for scholars and practitioners are offered.


The 10th TSME International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (TSME-ICoME 2019) was hosted by the School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The conference was held at A-One The Royal Cruise Hotel, Pattaya, Thailand, from 10th – 13th December 2019. The conference is a leading conference of the Thai Society of Mechanical Engineers (TSME) and represents one of the only exclusive events in Thailand where everyone "mechanically-engineering-related" can share their ideas and establish long-lasting collaborations and networks. The scientific program covered a wide range of topics, including Alternative Energy and Combustion (AEC), Automotive, Aerospace and Marine Engineering (AME), Applied Mechanics, Materials and Manufacturing (AMM), Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BME), Computation and Simulation Techniques (CST), Dynamic Systems, Robotics and Controls (DRC), Engineering Education (EDU), Energy Technology and Management (ETM), and Thermal System and Fluid Mechanics (TSF) This year conference brought together more than 200 delegates to exchange knowledge by in-depth discussions and to promote international and multi-disciplinary collaborations. The theme of this year's conference is "Emerging and Disruptive Technologies" and includes mechanical research fields, industrial panel sessions, keynote speeches, papers and poster presentation.


Cryogenic-Scanning Electron Microscopy (cryo-SEM) is a technique which unlike standard SEM, allows the imaging of samples in their hydrated state. This technique was used to image dense nanosuspensions. Standard SEM images were captured previously, however, were questionable in value, because the sample needed to be dried prior to measurement. There were concerns that the particles could be altered upon drying, especially in the presence of surfactant. By using the cryo-SEM technique, this drying step was eliminated and the particles were able to be viewed in situ. The nanosuspension particle morphology, imaged with a Hitachi SU 5000 scanning electron microscope equipped with a Quorum PP3010T cryo unit, correlated with particle size measurements obtained with an orthogonal Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique. It was also previously shown for these nanosuspensions that rheological measurements correlated with median particle size as measured by DLS.


This paper mentions the importance of the detail knowledge of pathology that a maxillofacial surgeon has to know previous planning and treatment of surgery.


Mining is an inherently risky business, from the technical, environmental, social, legal and economic uncertainties associated with advancing an exploration prospect to a viable project, to the operating, market and safety risks and uncertainties attached to a developed mine. Since we cannot totally escape the risk and uncertainty associated with resource projects, as an industry we should improve our presentation of the up- and down-side risks in the context of the project's development path and maturity. More transparent, consistent and balanced views of technical confidence and project development maturity will allow both internal and external stakeholders to be better informed about the expected project risks.


In text independent handwriting verification,lengthy documents are required to extract image textures and other handwriting features;while in text dependent handwriting verification,the contents of the comparing documents are required to be identical.In order to overcome these confinements,this paper presents a novel text dependent handwriting verification technique.In the process,keywords are extracted based on matching and voting of local features,then same keywords are used to build training sets,and these train sets of two documents are compared,so the handwriting verification problem is transformed into signature identification.The experiment results show this method can work effectively under the condition that the contents of two documents are not identical.


In the paper we present a method for producing hybrid organo-inorganic materials based on α-Ni(OH)2. This materials were synthesized by the anion resin exchange precipitation of nickel nitrate in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) using the strong base anion exchange resin AB-17-8 in the OH-form as a precipitate agent. The as-obtained products were studied by methods X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, complex thermal analysis and TEM.


Abstract. Maternal plasma levels of progesterone and estradiol‐17β were measured weekly by radioimmunoassay in 15 healthy women during the last trimester of normal pregnancy. There was a large individual variation for both hormones. The mean concentrations rose slightly with advancing gestational age but the ratio of progesterone to estradiol did not change. It is apparent that the onset of spontaneous labor cannot be predicted by measuring the levels of progesterone and estradiol‐17β in maternal peripheral plasma.


Although great progress has been made in the research on rehabilitation exoskeletons based on steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI), some factors that limit the practical applications of rehabilitation exoskeletons based on BCIs still exist. On the one hand, traditional SSVEP-BCI uses the computer screen (CS) to generate visual stimuli, which leads to poor portability, on the other hand, most BCIs are in a synchronous mode, which prevents users from autonomously controlling the system. To overcome these two problems, augmented reality (AR) technology is introduced to generate the visual stimuli, and an asynchronous control method based on the blocking phenomenon of alpha waves is proposed in this study. The offline experiment is designed to determine the classification threshold of the idle state and control state and compare the different performances of SSVEP-BCI with and without an AR environment. Finally, an intelligent rehabilitation exoskeleton platform is used for online validation. Results of the online experiment indicate that all subjects could control the rehabilitation exoskeleton to complete the rehabilitation tasks, which indicates the applicability of the intelligent rehabilitation exoskeleton system and improves the potential for application of the rehabilitation exoskeleton based on BCI.


Erythrocytes represent the most abundant cell type of the bloodstream in all vertebrates. The principal feature that differentiates the erythrocytes of non-mammalian vertebrates from the mammals is that mammals they maintain the nucleus throughout their. While the main function associated to erythrocytes is O2 and CO2 transport, other non-respiratory functions have been attributed to these cells. In this study we hypothesized that nucleated erythrocytes of two phylogenetically distant species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and domesticated chicken (Gallus gallus), can participate in an active fashion in the immune response and likely contributing to the resolution of infectious states. Our data shows that trout and chicken erythrocytes express mRNAs for pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). In response to pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) stimulations, erythrocytes activated transcriptional regulation of mRNAs related to the immune response that is PAMP- and time-dependent. The trout erythrocyte transcriptome was obtained by RNA-Seq revealing mRNA transcripts related to the innate and adaptive immune response including receptors, cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, the transcriptome contains other interesting mRNAs that code for hormone receptors, growth factors and enzymes involved in eicosanoid and steroid synthesis and metabolism highlighting an integrated role of erythrocytes into the organism. Studies on post-transcriptional regulation using density gradients indicated increased polysome-bound mRNA after poly (I:C) stimulation suggesting mRNA translation and production of protein. Finally, we show that PAMP-activated erythrocytes release into the medium thermolabile molecules that modulate the antiviral response in fish and birds. In conclusion, in this thesis we demonstrate that nucleated erythrocytes of non-mammalian vertebrates have a role in the immune response and likely participate with other physiological systems.


Monumentalia is not a new topic in the context of genocide, in particular as it pertains to the Holocaust. Holocaust monuments continue to sprout on both sides of the Atlantic. They range from the streamlined, well-oiled United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC; to the ponderously heavy sculpture commemorating the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in Poland's capital; to the football field sized granite structure being constructed in the heart of Berlin, united Germany's new/old capital; to the hundreds of modest almost invisible small plaques in dozens of German towns and cities, marking the spot where once a synagogue had stood. They proliferate, but will these artifacts preserve memory in the long run? Will they fare better than the poignant World War I statues memorializing the dead? The process to assure memory of genocide that will speak to future generations continues. The Armenian state and the Armenian Diaspora have taken steps to build memorials to the 1915 killings, such as the Stonehendge-like one in Yerevan and the future museum in Washington. Now the Rwandan government


AbstractDespite the acceptance of disaster risk reduction polices among governments and donor agencies, and their integration into development policies, disaster risk is accumulating. Urban landslide risk accumulation and the relative lack of before-the-event landslide hazard mitigation measures on the ground is of particular concern. This paper seeks to identify the emerging challenges for effective community-based, landslide risk reduction in developing countries. Failure to do so will result in continued landslide risk accumulation especially in vulnerable urban communities. Here, the basis for identifying such emerging challenges comes from on-the-ground delivery of community-based landslide risk reduction measures in multiple locations in the Eastern Caribbean, involving ∼US$6 million investment in construction of surface-water management measures. From that work, three landslide risk drivers are identified, and from these three groups of challenges emerge, relating to recognition of the evidence of ...


It is well known in reactive sputtering that the deposition rate generally drops drastically at a high enough partial pressure level of the active gas to form a compound on the target surface. At the point where the deposition rate drops, there exists a simple relationship between the consumed nitrogen and the deposition rate of stoichiometric films. This abrupt decrease in deposition rate can be measured indirectly by monitoring the processing gas by mass spectroscopy (MS) and studying the discharge by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). We have shown that it is possible to select a desired deposition rate by simply choosing a correct mass flow value of the active gas (nitrogen) while maintaining correct stoichiometry of the sputtered film. This can be achieved by presetting the mass flow of the nitrogen. Thereafter, the rf power is increased to the transition level, where the surface of the target changes from compound to elemental. The combination of mass flow control and diagnostic tools (MS) and (OES) enables precise control of the process.


In this paper, the specific properties of the pure service process are analyzed. The three basic kinds of control tactics (problem degree control、problem difference control and problem accumulation control) are presented. The results of the comprehensive using the control tactics are satisfactory.


I am particularly moved to be here under the "invocation" of Jean Monnet: one of the founding fathers of the European Union, a visionary who realised that peace, prosperity and stability in Europe called for practical and close cooperation between European nations. He is the man who conceived the "methode communautaire". In his Memoires he recalls his early years working for the family's cognac business in London; it formed part of the global education that the provincial business required. He says in his Memoires that it was perhaps his innate French imagination and enthusiasm tempered by an acquired British pragmatism that enabled him to be so active and successful on many historic occasions. We need Monnet's spirit and vision more than ever. Two quotations by him illustrate just how visionary and practical he was: Fifth, an appropriate monitoring of the evolution of various competitiveness indicators is necessarily part of the good governance of the euro area. The first lesson reflects the fact that we now benefit from the highly credible monetary integration of the euro area. Our monetary policy strategy is based on a clear price stability objective and on an economic and a monetary analysis - the two pillars of our strategy. What this means is that we undertake a very thorough and ongoing economic analysis of short and medium-term price developments based on a host of price and wage indices, and indicators of economic activity. Over this horizon, price developments are largely due to the interplay of supply and demand in the goods, services and factors markets. We cross-check the results of this analysis with the analysis of monetary developments, of M3, of components and counterparts of M3, which are oriented towards the medium and longer term. This approach has served us well and has, in particular, provided a strong support to the anchoring of long-term inflation expectations. We have also been innovative and transparent from the start. The ECB was the first major central bank to publish a detailed explanation of its diagnosis and of the reasons for its decisions immediately after its meetings. In addition, it was the first major


In this study, we synthesized Hematite nano rings using hydrothermal treatment. The experimental results demonstrated that the (001)-orientated Hematite nano rings were produced in all of the obtained products. To determine the formation mechanism of the (001) orientation, the lowest three index crystal faces of Hematite, Hematite (001), Hematite (101), and Hematite (104), were investigated with the Cambridge Sequential Total Energy Package (CASTEP) within the Materials Studio software environment (MS5.5) using the density functional theory (DFT). Our theoretical results showed that Hematite (001), the Hematite crystal with the lowest surface energy, had the greatest Hematite nano ring growth. In addition, we present the growth process of the Hematite nano rings based on our experimental and theoretical results.


Site categories that wili be covered include government resources, academic institutions, organizations, and associations, as well as a few independent resources. Sources of information were chosen based on the extent of information available, reliability of the information source, and the needs of Canadian physicians. To complement the topics covered in this journal's geriatric psychiatry issue, I focused on core resources available on the Internet to provide current and evolving information on progress and advances in geriatric psychiatry.


INTRODUCTION Peripheral vascular disease causes a progressive destruction of the wall of the arteries and veins in the vascular system. When this destruction targets the arterial system, decreased oxygenated blood flow to the extremities resuIts.',2 A decline in oxygenated blood to the tissues can result in complications such as wound formation and occurs because the metabolic demands of skin and muscles cannot be met. In addition, this ischemia, when manifested in the lower extremities, is often accompanied by lower extremity claudication, which can significantly impair functional mobility.'-' If deprivation of oxygen to the skin and muscle is extreme, the tissue may become necrotic. At this point, even restoration of blood flow to the extremity may not result in restoring the viability of the tissue and often results in amputation of the involved extremity.' The complications of peripheral vascular disease, such as critical leg ischemia, are preventable when appropriate screening tools and prophylactic treatment are provided for patients at risk. Those at high risk for complications from peripheral vascular disease often present with co-morbid diagnoses that impact the cardiovascular system, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis or thrombophlebitis. A substantial number of patients who present for physical therapy intervention may exhibit signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular disease or are at high risk for the development of the complications associated with peripheral vascular disease. Research also indicates, though, that patients with peripheral vascular disease may be asymptomatic, but still show signs of lower extremity ischemia with appropriate vascular screening.' Peripheral vascular disease affects nearly 30% of the elderly population above the age of 65 and accounts for 95% of arterial occlusive diseases.2 In individuals with critical limb ischemia, 30% will undergo amputations with a mortality rate of 20% within 6 months.' Other than exhibiting an increased risk of lower extremity amputation, individuals who present with peripheral vascular disease have poorer functional status with regards to mobility and ambulation secondary to decreased oxygenated blood flow to the lower extremities.3


This paper deals with the case of cooperation of energy storage system with renewable sources and distribution network. The photovoltaic power plant was considered in the case study as a renewable energy source. Energy storage system was considered as a general energy system that can be adapted to the needs of the electrical network and therefore it could be considered as a prosumer. Simulink was chosen as the simulation tool, which provided obtaining sufficiently accurate results for the considered 48-hour interval. The results were confronted at the end of paper.


This study was designed to better understand the possible effects of channelization by comparing natural and previously channelized sections of the Cache Riverand Bayou DeView. Forty-five fishspecies were collected in natural reaches, but only 24species were collected in channelized reaches. Cyprinus carpio and Dorosoma cepedianum constituted 40 and 20 percent of the total fish biomass in channelizedreaches, respectively, but only 22and 2 percent of the total biomass in natural reaches. The mean weight of total fishes and game fishes only per surface ha in natural sections were 276and 46kg, respectively, but these values in channelized sections were only 88 and 2 kg, respectively. Mean species diversity indices for natural and channelized sections of the Cache Riverwere 3.1 and 1.8, respectively, and mean redundancy values for these sections were .30 and .55, respectively. Species diversity indices and redundancy values for Bayou DeViewfollowedthis trend.


The purpose of this paper is to present a brief overview of the East-West Multimodal Corridor Major Investment Study with the emphasis on describing how the MIS process was implemented and its impacts on the study process. At the beginning of the study, the process followed was based on the State of Florida Project Development and Environmental Guidelines (PD&E) and the Federal Transit Administration's (FTA) Alternatives Analysis guidelines.


Based on the basic theories of FMEA and rough sets decision-making system,the problem of fault prediction for subsystems in airplane was researched. First of all,the symptom which meets fault prediction was defined,and FMEA of the subsystem was done.Then,a matter that could cause a certain fault in the FMEA record table was injected into the model of this subsystem.Data information from the model was collected,and the information was used to construct rough sets decision-making table for fault prediction.The knowledge which is decision-making arithmetic of fault prediction was found though processing the decisionmaking table.When it comes to fault prediction of running subsystem,the fault prediction process according to this arithmetic can be conduct.


In the Black Sea-Crimean oil-gas region, the oil and gas fields occur largely in the Karkinit-Severo-Krym and Indolo-Kuban downwarps. The pools in most cases are characterized by the hydrostatic pressure but some are underpressured. Along with this are zones of overpressure. Intensity of overpressure increases with increase in thickness of the sedimentary section. In the central part of the Karkinit-Severo-Krym depression, the thickness of the sedimentary section reaches 7 km. Overpressure here has been found in the Golitsyn, Borisov, Severo-Serebryan, and Karlav arcas. See Fig. 1. Overpressure was found in crystalline schists of the Proterozoic basement in the Golitsyn area. The distribution of pressure along the section here suggests a free hydrodynamic connection between sediments from the Paleogene to the Proterozoic. Formation waters with dissolved gases appear to have been introduced into the crystalline rocks from Lower Cretaceous rocks of the low part of the Karkinit-Severo-Krym downwarp. Overpressure has been found in Neocomian sediments of the Borisov area and Albian of the Severo-Serebryan area. In the Upper of Karlav Upper Cretaceous has a coefficient of Upper the Plain the anomaly coefficient is 0.86-0.89. Fig. Formation pressure in the oil pool the Serebryan area 2 hydrostatic


Abstract A simple method for design of some novel 1,2-benzoxaphosphinines 2–9, was achieved. The methodology depended on cyclization of 1-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione (1) as starting material with some phosphorus halides in dry solvent in the presence of a base. Reaction of the substrate 1 with some phosphorus halides, such as P,P-dichlorophenylphosphine, phenyl phosphonic dichloride, phenyl phosphorodichloridate, and phosphorus oxychloride in dry toluene containing triethylamine led to a predominant formation of 3-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2H-1,2-benzoxaphosphinines 2–5, respectively. Under the same reaction conditions, the molecular structures of type 3-benzoyl-4H-1,2-benzoxaphosphinin-4-ones 6 and 7 were isolated by treatment of the substrate 1 with phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus tribromide, respectively. In addition, the interesting 4-(1-phenyl-ethanoyl)-1,2,λ5-benzoxaphosphinines 8 and 9 were obtained by treatment of compound 1 with acetonyl and benzyl triphenylphosphonium chlorides, respectively, in dry dioxane and sodium hydride. The chemical structures of the title compounds were established by elemental analysis and spectral tools. Graphical Abstract


The impact of the macrodipole of peptide helices on catalysis was examined using density functional theory calculations. Transition state structures for histidine-containing polyalanine nucleophilic catalysts adding to carbonyls were computed, and the impact of both global and local noncovalent interactions was assessed. Although the peptide macrodipole appears to influence energy barriers, local interactions dominate.


The sustainable utilization of the coastal wetland resources of Lingang New City was deeply carried out,through the establishment of coastal wetland restoration " ecological compensation" demonstration zone,the key techniques to wetland restoration were practiced to provide technical supports and theoretical basis for the sustainable development of Shanghai coastal wetlands.


Through the survey and interview, the reasons and solutions to the listening test anxiety of TEM4 of freshmen and sophomores of English majors are researched. The compar ative analyses of the research results find that freshmen and sophomores of English majors have the similar opiniont owards the reasons and solutions for listening test anxiety, but their under standing of the order of the reasons for anxiety are different, and their demands to reduce the listening anxiety are partially verified. The discussion based on the above study results shows that to lessen the negative influence of test anxiety of listening, foreign language teachers are supposed to make the best use of multi model teaching methods, help students to enhance self- study ability and make individualized study plans; meanwhile, teachers of foreign language should strengthen professional guidance and help to froster the establishment of a better at mosphere for foreign language study.


The invention discloses an electrocardio-sensing diagnosis system based on a body area network. A pulse data processing module receives original pulse data, the pulse data processing module, an electrocardio-signal amplifying and filtering module and an ARM controller are sequentially connected, the electrocardio-signal amplifying and filtering module transmits data after being amplified and filtered to the ARM controller, the ARM controller is connected with a displayer and a mobile storer respectively, data storage is realized through the mobile storer, and electrocardio-data are displayed through the displayer. The electrocardio-sensing diagnosis system can detect electrocardio-related data of a user in real time to evaluate health condition of the user, is high in fineness, accurate and efficient and has high commercial application value.


The positive association between intrinsic, as opposed to extrinsic, goal importance and Subjective WellBeing (SWB) is well-documented. However, less is known whether these associations are consistent across age groups and when simultaneously considering personality traits. Structural equation models conducted with young, middle-aged, and older adults indicated that neuroticism was negatively related to SWB across age groups, while extraversion and intrinsic goal importance held age-differential associations: Extraversion was related to SWB in the two younger age groups, whereas in older adults only an indirect effect emerged via intrinsic goal importance. Intrinsic goal importance was related to SWB among young and older adults but not among middle-aged adults. These results underscore the importance of age-differential associations in determinants of SWB. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.03.001 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-69028 Journal Article Originally published at: Gomez, Veronica; Allemand, Mathias; Grob, Alexander (2012). Neuroticism, extraversion, goals, and subjective well-being: Exploring the relations in young, middle-aged, and older adults. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(3):317-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2012.03.001 Running Head: TRAITS, GOALS, AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING Neuroticism, Extraversion, Goals, and Subjective Well-Being: Exploring the Relations in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults Veronica Gomez University of Basel, Switzerland Mathias Allemand University of Zurich, Switzerland Alexander Grob University of Basel, Switzerland Author Note Veronica Gomez, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland, email@example.com; Mathias Allemand, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland, email@example.com; Alexander Grob, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Switzerland, email@example.com. We thank Kristen Lavallee for proofreading, and Wibke Weisheit for assistance with data collection and organization of data entry at the University of Bonn, Germany. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Veronica Gomez or Alexander Grob, University of Basel, Department of Psychology, Division of Personality and Developmental Psychology, Missionsstrasse 60/62, 4055 Basel, Switzerland. Phone: 0041 61 267 06 36, Fax: 0041 61 267 06 61, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com. Abstract The positive association between intrinsic, as opposed to extrinsic, goal importance and subjective well-being (SWB) is well-documented. However, less is known whether these associations are consistent across age groups and when simultaneously considering personality traits. Structural equation models conducted with young, middle-aged, and older adults indicated that neuroticism was negatively related to SWB across age groups, while extraversion and intrinsic goal importance held age-differential associations: Extraversion was related to SWB in the two younger age groups, whereas in older adults only an indirect effect emerged via intrinsic goal importance. Intrinsic goal importance was related to SWB among young and older adults but not among middle-aged adults. These results underscore the importance of age-differential associations in determinants of SWB.The positive association between intrinsic, as opposed to extrinsic, goal importance and subjective well-being (SWB) is well-documented. However, less is known whether these associations are consistent across age groups and when simultaneously considering personality traits. Structural equation models conducted with young, middle-aged, and older adults indicated that neuroticism was negatively related to SWB across age groups, while extraversion and intrinsic goal importance held age-differential associations: Extraversion was related to SWB in the two younger age groups, whereas in older adults only an indirect effect emerged via intrinsic goal importance. Intrinsic goal importance was related to SWB among young and older adults but not among middle-aged adults. These results underscore the importance of age-differential associations in determinants of SWB.


corporate archives were consulted. Software is often characterised as a mass-market consumer good. In fact, the vast majority of software that corporations purchase remains custom-made, a circumstance that underscores the contrast between computer programming and mass production, and its affinities with management consulting. Over time, computer hardware has become progressively cheaper and faster, a fact that is well known; less well known, but no less consequential, is the fact that over time consumer software has become more expensive and less reliable. This anomaly furnishes Ensmenger with much of his most intriguing material and one of his recurrent themes. Time and time again, harried business mangers discovered, paradoxically, and to their continuing frustration, that, if they increased the number of computer programmers to whom they had assigned the task of solving a particularly vexing software-related problem, this decision was likely to slow, rather than to speed, its resolution. Three million people today work in computer programming in the United States, a total that exceeds that of all fields of engineering and architecture combined. In reconstructing the history of this occupational group, Ensmenger displays a special sensitivity to its cultural and political dimensions. 'Nowhere' – Ensmenger declares, in summarising his main theme – 'are the social dimensions of technological development more apparent than in the history of computing' (p. 26). Even so, Ensmenger's decision to organise his monograph around occupational crises such as Y2K raises questions for business historians. Business historians may be startled to learn that, from the perspective of computer programming, IBM's rollout of its innovative System 360 was a disaster. However challenging this rollout may have proved to be for IBM's technicians, business historians widely, and correctly, regard this innovation as the salvation of the firm. Computer Boys is full of intriguing insights into the 'heterogeneity' of software and its 'inherent messiness' (p. 10) that make a genuine contribution to the history of technology, science, and the professions. Yet in the end, at least for the readership of this journal, the whole is not greater than the sum of the parts. Ensmenger tells the history of a neglected, vitally important occupation group. In so doing, he provides a solid foundation on which others can build to analyse how computer programming has, and has not, transformed US business, and how business managers have, and have not, met the recurrent technical demands that computer programming poses not only for everyday operations, but also for business strategy, corporate governance, and the innovative process.


The earliest approach to identifying leaders focused on the personal characteristics and traits of leaders. However, Mann (1959) and Stogdill (1948), among others, concluded that the effort to distinguish leaders from nonleaders was not useful for either prediction or selection. More recent studies have focused on interpersonal influences but have also faltered in the area of selection and prediction. The interpersonal characteristics under study have included power, one's likability, the administering of necessary functions, and one's manner of behavior to others.


The history of funerary customs in Rome contains many unanswered questions and controversial debates, especially concerning the significant developments of the second century CE. In this book, distinguished historian Barbara E. Borg employs the full range of material and written evidence to explore four key questions that change our view of Roman society and its values. For the first time, senatorial burial practices can be reconstructed and contrasted with those of other classes. Borg then explains the change from incineration to inhumation as a revival of old Roman mores that accelerated after the example set by Hadrian. In the third chapter, she argues that tombs became prime locations for promoting and displaying long family lines among the elite, which then inspired freedmen to undertake similar commemorative practices. Finally she explores the association of deceased persons with the divine and apotheosis through portraits on divine body shapes and temple tombs.


The paper approaches digital divide as a complex multi-dimensional and multi-level problem, not being limited to the Internet access only. We argue that regardless of some universal trends previously identified by scholars, every country retains its national specifics in ICT access, skills and benefits people can get from using ICTs. In this vein, we theorize Russian model of the digital divide, approaching it through three main angles: state regulation of digitalization processes in Russia on federal and regional levels; different modes of the digital technology use in a cross-regional comparative perspective; and specific mechanisms for the analysis and further overcoming digital divide in Russia. For the latter point, we propose a 'digital passport' of the Russian regions that allows for better understanding of the digitalization progress in particular regions of the country and for more efficient policy-making on site. Lastly, we test a 'digital passport' model on eight federal subjects of Russia to show its applicability of the study of the digital divide in different regional contexts.


Distributed pub/sub messaging has become indispensable for event-driven systems. There are methods for achieving high scalability regarding topic-based pub/sub by using structured overlay networks. However, these methods waste network resources concerning "exhaust data," which have low or no value most of the time. There are at least two problems: each publisher node continues to forward data to a relay node even if there are no subscribers, and multicast trees are constructed which are excessively large for low value data, namely having a small number of subscribers. In this paper, we formulate the requirements of overlay networks by defining a property called "strong relay-free" as an expansion of relay-free property, and propose a practical method satisfying the property by using Skip Graph. The proposed method involves publishers and subscribers composing connected sub graphs to enable detecting the absence of subscribers and autonomously adjusting the tree size. Through simulation experiments, we confirmed that the proposed method can suspend publishing adaptively, and shorten the path length on multicast trees by more than 75% under an experimental condition with 100,000 nodes. The proposed method is competent for decentralized event-driven systems with encouraging the locally produced data to be consumed locally.


The performance of classification models is prone to the class imbalance problem, which occurs when one class of data severely outnumbers the other class. Solutions were proposed both at data level and algorithm level to improve the model performance in this phenomenon. Among all, resampling solutions which preprocess the class information at data level, are successfully applied in solving many real-world class imbalance problems. However, principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the prominent preprocessing solution to improve the classifier performance. PCA comprises new subspace from original attributes by maximising the global variance. This work explored the effect of class imbalance on the reduced subspace generated by the principal component analysis (PCA) for two-class classification problem. Initially the effect of class imbalance over PCA preprocessing is studied on synthetic datasets. Obtained results are further validated over ten real-world datasets. This study reveals two major findings: 1) whenever the angular separation between the respective principal axes of majority and minority classes is large then the data imbalance clearly affects the minority class prediction accuracy as well as the minority class data reconstruction from the principal eigen vectors of the combined datasets; 2) balancing the class distribution is crucial to ameliorates the classifier's performance than PCA preprocessing.


O of many services rendered by Dr. Whitley's A History, of British Baptists, is to have brought out the great place taken by Baptists in Cromwell's "New Model Army." A typical figure amongst them,· about which we are exceedingly well informed, is that of William Allen, whose name appears more than once in Carlyle's Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell. To Carlyle, Adjutant-General Allen was "a most authentic, earnest man . . . a strenuous Anabaptist . . . a rugged, truehearted, not easily governable man; given to Fifth Monarchy and other notions, though with a strong head to control them." This impression is confirmed when we identify him with the Trooper AlIen (as Carlyle wrongly refused to do), who brought the letter of the soldiers to Major-General Skippon in 1647.1 AlIen stated then, in his examination, that he was a Warwickshire man who had been a felt-maker by trade in Southwark. He had served in Essex's Army under Colonel Holles, till he was taken a prisoner at Brentford. After seven days of captivity he was condemned with seventeen others to be hanged; then every tenth man was drawn out to be hanged; finally he was dismissed with the others. He was wounded at the first battle of N ewbury, and again at Henley, when Skippon rewarded him with five shillings. If only AlIen had written for us a few" letters from the front," the historian would have been more grateful to him than for what he did write-with the one exception of the account of the famous "Windsor prayer meeting." Carlyle's pages have made us familiar with that gathering of army leaders, meeting for three days of prayer in the impasse to which an impractical Parliament and a shifty king had brought them, retracing their steps to the point at which they had exchanged straightforward action for political scheming, and led at last to the historic conclusion, "That it was our duty, if ever the Lord brought us back again in peace, to call Charles Stuart, that man of blood, to an account for that blood he had shed and mischief he had done to his utmost, against the Lord's Cause and People in these poor Nations." Military movements brought William AIlen and John Vernon into Devonshire, where they married sisters of the name of Huish,2 their father being James Huish of Sidbury. The names


Localization-related epilepsy frequently involves mesial temporal lobe structures (MTLS), but sometimes presurgical workup can be confusing since shortage of definite structural lesional evidence or inconsistency among multimodal tools. Occasionally invasive workup is applied. This study evaluates the application of multimodal workup in surgical strategy making of localization-related epilepsy involving MTLS.

 Our study includes patients with significant or subtle MTLS abnormality (or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) negative) in 3.0T MRI and then underwent resective surgeries encompassing MTLS. In addition to conventional workup tools, accurate EEG source imaging (ESI) technique based on individual head models is available. Patients accepted either 1-stage resective surgeries or staged surgeries (SEEG implantation + stage-2 resective surgeries). Contributions of structural MRI, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), accurate ESI, and ictal EEG to surgical strategies were evaluated by criteria defining epileptogenic zone (resective scope in cases with good outcome).

 Thirty-five patients who achieved Engel grade I + II outcome after resective surgeries were included. All together, 68.6% cases showed ESI sources totally falling into resective scope. 42.9% ictal EEG estimates, 57.1% PET focal hypometabolistic regions, 74.3% MRI structural lesions fitted the resective scope/side. In total, 75% 1-stage cases showed ESI sources being confined in MTLS region, while PET showed focal hypometabolism in 66.7% and MRI indicated single MTLS lesions (including subtle ones) in 79.2% cases. In total, 54.5% ESI sources and 63.6% MRI abnormality (single, including subtle ones) in staged cases showed complete concordance with SEEG findings. In subtle lesional/MRI negative cases, ESI generated sources confined within MTLS in 77.8% cases, while PET estimates are focally localizing in 44.4% cases and 55.6% showed subtle MRI lesions which were firstly diagnosed "negative."

 Multimodal noninvasive workup are contributable to help decide strategy of 1-stage resective surgeries and SEEG plans in localization-related epilepsy. High-quality structural MRI, accurate ESI technique based on scalp EEG as well as FDG-PET are key to presurgical planning of epilepsy involving MTLS.


An innovative direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has been developed by the introduction of a polymer fiber membrane (PFM) as a substitute for the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). The PFM is, however, penetrable to all ions in the electrolyte and acts as an insulator between the electrodes. The new structured cell requires the cathode catalyst to be tolerant to methanol fuel and to reduce O2 simultaneously. A catalyst system, RuO2/CNTs, has been found to satisfy the requirements. The RuO2/CNTs exhibits good oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, methanol-tolerance and stability. A maximum power density of 136.9 mW cm−2 has been achieved at 70 °C in 5 M CH3OH + 6 M KOH electrolyte, which is almost three times higher than that achieved when employing the Nafion-117 membrane.


A model of human visual detection performance has been developed, based on available anatomical and physiological data for the primate visual system. The inhomogeneous retino- cortical (IRC) model computes detection thresholds by comparing simulated neural responses to target patterns with responses to a uniform background of the same luminance. The model incorporates human ganglion cell sampling distributions; macaque monkey ganglion cell receptive field properties; macaque cortical cell contrast nonlinearities; and a optical decision rule based on ideal observer theory. Spatial receptive field properties of cortical neurons were not included. Two parameters were allowed to vary while minimizing the squared error between predicted and observed thresholds. One parameter was decision efficiency, the other was the relative strength of the ganglion-cell center and surround. The latter was only allowed to vary within a small range consistent with known physiology. Contrast sensitivity was measured for sinewave gratings as a function of spatial frequency, target size and eccentricity. Contrast sensitivity was also measured for an airplane target as a function of target size, with and without artificial scotomas. The results of these experiments, as well as contrast sensitivity data from the literature were compared to predictions of the IRC model. Predictions were reasonably good for grating and airplane targets.


From the Luella Hannan Memorial Foundation archives in Detroit, Michigan, we document the persistent efforts of one client to remain in her beloved home amidst progressive illness and her position as an older woman facing economic limitations during the Great Depression. We consider the development of social case work methodology during this time period and demonstrate how this woman exerts self-determination and personal power by both accommodating and resisting these emerging case work principles in her relations with the case worker.


Empirical relations are given for the hysteresis (B-H) loop of microwave ferrite toroids in terms of their measured properties (B/sub r/, B/sub m/, and H/sub c/) and for the trajectory that B follows when flux drive latching is used. These relations also apply to minor loop switching. Finally, an idealized analysis of flux drive latching is presented and is shown to compare well with experiments for the number of voltage pulses of fixed width and amplitude needed to reverse the remanent flux.


On the basis of estimating agricultural capital stock,the KLEM model was firstly employed to measure the contribution rate of diesel fuel input on agricultural economic growth on the provincial level during the period from 1993 to 2009.The differences existing between areas and periods were analyzed,or the gravely biased estimation for the input-output elasticity of diesel fuel would be gotten.The contribution rate of diesel fuel input in the major-grain producing areas was 19.26% before agricultural support policies were implemented and 3.06% during the implementing period;2.47% and 4.81% respectively in the other areas;7.87% and 3.84% respectively in the whole country.Without considering the policy effects,2.15%,20.53% and 7.53% were measured correspondingly in the three kinds of areas mentioned above.


Aim: To clarify the issue of whether or not to cement the hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of displaced intra-capsular femoral neck fractures in the elderly. Method: All patients with displaced intracapsular femoral neck fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty between January 1997 and May 1998, in 2 hospitals within the same Deanery, were reviewed. The same prosthesis was used; in hospital A they were uncemented, and in B cemented. There were 121 patients in hospital A and 123 in hospital B; all patients alive at follow-up (50 and 56 respectively) were interviewed for pre-fracture and current assessments of pain and functional ability using validated scoring systems. Follow-up was 32–36 months. Results: Patient demographics were similar. Cemented procedures took 15 minutes longer. In-patient stay was the same. Signiþcantly fewer of the cemented group had been revised or were awaiting revision (p=0.036). There was no difference in mortality rates at any point. Prospective assessment of surviving patients revealed highly statistically signiþcant greater deterioration in pain (p=0.003), walking ability (p=0.002), use of walking aids (p=0.003) and activities of daily living (p=0.009) in the uncemented group. The trend for more dependent accommodation in the uncemented group failed to reach statistical signiþcance (p=0.14). Conclusions: Our þndings support the use of cemented hemiarthroplasty for displaced intracapsular femoral neck fractures in the elderly.


The main novelty of this paper is explanation of several common use cases that often appears in typical action recognition scenarios. The choice of those scenarios is based on my own practice in action recognition and they also show in my opinion the most effective way of using Gesture Description Language (GDL) for various tasks of action recognition. All resources that were used to prepare experiments described in this paper: motion capture data, GDL script codes and GDL Studio (an application for motion capture, editing and classification) are open sources. Due to this the whole solution might be easily applied to scientific experiments and industrial applications. This paper also explains the important issues of GDL theory and practice.


Localized deposition of pure platinum nanostructures was achieved using a combination of focused electron beam induced processing (FEBID) of an inorganic platinum precursor and low temperature annealing in water vapour. This technique enables fabrication of Pt nanostructures with high spatial resolution and purity, for applications in nanoelectronics, sensing devices and catalysis.


Despite recent landmark advances in T-cell immunotherapy for the treatment of human cancer, metastatic solid tumors remain an intractable challenge. Macrophages are often the most abundant immune cell in the tumor microenvironment (TME), where they may convert into immunosuppressive (M2) tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and participate in disease progression. Currently, macrophage-orientated immunotherapeutic approaches under clinical development in oncology seek to reduce TAM infiltration (CSF-1 antagonists) or enhance TAM phagocytosis (CD47 antagonists). Transfer of autologous, activated, but nontargeted macrophages failed to demonstrate antitumor efficacy in past clinical trials. We hypothesized that genetically engineering human macrophages with CARs against tumor-associated antigens could redirect their phagocytic activity and lead to therapeutic efficacy with the potential for the induction of an antitumor T-cell response. We first demonstrate that CD3-zeta-based CARs are capable of inducing phagocytosis in human THP-1 macrophages, while truncated intracellular-domain deficient CARs were not. Targeted phagocytosis and clearance of CD19+, mesothelin +, and HER2+ cells by CARs targeted against each respective antigen was significantly superior to that by control untransduced (UTD) macrophages. We demonstrate that primary human macrophages, which are resistant to most viral vectors, are efficiently transduced by the chimeric fiber adenoviral vector Ad5f35 (~70% in 10 normal donors). Using Ad5f35, we engineered primary human macrophages with a CD3-zeta-based CAR against HER2. Anti-HER2 primary human CAR macrophages demonstrated targeted phagocytosis against HER2+ but not HER2- cell lines, with phagocytic activity dependent on both the CAR and antigen densities. Furthermore, CAR, but not UTD, macrophages led to potent dose-dependent killing of three distinct HER2-high cell lines in vitro. We sought to test the efficacy of anti-HER2 primary human macrophages in xenograft models of human HER2+ ovarian cancer. A single dose of CAR, but not UTD macrophages, led to tumor regression and improved overall survival in both intraperitoneal and disseminated models of disease. We show that macrophage transduction with Ad5f35, a double-stranded DNA virus, leads to a broad gene expression change, an interferon signaling signature, and phenotypic clustering toward classically activated M1 macrophages. CAR macrophages upregulated co-stimulatory ligand and antigen processing/presentation genes and led to enhanced T-cell stimulation in vitro and in vivo. Lastly, CAR, but not UTD, macrophages showed a broad resistance for M2 conversion in response to immunosuppressive cytokines. In conclusion, we show that primary human CAR macrophages are capable of targeted tumor phagocytosis, lead to improved overall survival in xenograft models, and demonstrate enhanced T-cell stimulation. CAR macrophages are a novel cell therapy platform for the treatment of human cancer. This abstract is also being presented as Poster B29. Citation Format: Michael Klichinsky, Marco Ruella, Olga Shestova, Andrew Best, Kristin Blouch, Xueqing M. Lu, Saad S. Kenderian, Miriam Y. Kim, Roddy O9Connor, Stephen Wallace, Miroslaw Kozlowski, Dylan M. Marchione, Maksim Shestov, Benjamin A. Garcia, Carl June, Saar Gill. Human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) macrophages for cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PR07.


Abstract : The longevity of an airframe depends on its design, service conditions, and the durability and damage tolerance (DADT) of its constituent materials. Critical materials properties include corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, fatigue crack growth resistance, as well as toughness. The present paper focuses on the metallurgical parameters that govern these properties and on recent developments aimed at improving the DADT of airframe alloys.


Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse sociodemographic differences in specific and overall parental role strains in the general population of parents of children under 18. Methods: The study is based on a subsample of 872 Icelandic parents of children under 18, derived from a national postal health survey of Icelandic adults (response rate 69%). Results: The study found that parents age 25—54, parents with more children living at home, employed parents, and mothers, especially single mothers and mothers in lower income families, were more exposed than other parents to specific and overall strains associated with the parental role. Conclusions: Parental role strains were unevenly distributed in the parental population. Describing and explaining the distribution of parental role strains contributes to the wider understanding of adult population mental health.


TBM(tunnel boring machine) construction process shows that more than 80% of disc cutter failure is due to wear out. In-depth test observation,comparative analysis of rock chips and theoretical study discovered that reducing the side slip amount of disc cutter during rock breaking process,especially the side slip amount of maximum stress point on the cutter edge,was an effective measure to decrease the disc cutters wear rate during rock breaking process. Therefore,a concept was presented that the speed vector of the maximum stress point should be on the symmetric plane of cutter edge,and then the design theory of new-type disc cutter ring was established. In addition,based on the slip line field theory of plastic mechanics,comparative analysis between the new-type and the traditional disc cutter ring in rock breaking effects was carried out. The study showed: the larger the diameter of the disc cutter was,the better the consumed energy during rock breaking was; the less the diameter of the cutter head was,the better the consumed energy during rock breaking was. The study results offered theoretical basis for the development of full face rock TBM.


Several factors may compromise the effectiveness of algorithms for relatively localizing specific objects in outdoor unstructured environments using robotic platforms, such as the complexity of the environment, and changes in lighting conditions. Consequently, methods that rely solely on instantaneous detection may not be reliable in such application scenarios. In this work, we propose an architecture that utilizes an RGB-D camera mounted on a mobile robot and combines a state-of-the-art detection system with a purposely designed tracking algorithm. Specifically, we employ the latest You Only Look Once (YOLO) version to detect and segment the target in the image. We extract relevant relative information of the robot with respect to the object, i.e., its position and the relative orientation, by exploiting the depth map. Finally, we design an Extended Kalman Filter to track this relative information while taking into account the robot kinematic model. We implement this architecture in the ROS middleware and validate it within a precision agriculture setting for trap monitoring in a pest detection system.


rate is approximately the same for men and women, and thereafter the rates for women are decidedly lower than for men. In fact, the higher sick-absence rate among single women as compared with single men is a re1lection of the preponderance of young persons in these categories (young women have moderately higher sick-absence rates than young men); if the rates are calculated on an age-adjusted basis, the sick-absence rate for single men as a group is higher than for single women as a group. Among married women the sick-absence rate is remarkably constant at about six days' sick-absence per year for all age groups (compared with an age-adjusted rate of 3·9 days for single women of all age groups). Finally, the sick-absence rate is higher among married persons, in both male and female categories, than among single.


Motivating tourists' responsible behaviors during their trip has emerged as an essential yet insufficient investigated topic in sustainable tourism research. Ration-based and socialization-based motivators have to be integrated to address the lack of a holistic antecedent framework of responsible tourism behavior. Thus, this study extended the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) into responsible tourism behavior learning and combined the theory of social influence to establish an extensive socialized model of UTAUT to explain tourists' adoption of responsible behavior behaviors. This model includes three tourism elements—sustainable benefits, sustainable facility accessibility, social interaction engagement as antecedents, and two types of mediators: ration-based mediators of performance expectation and effort expectation and socialization-based mediators of informative influence and normative influence. 491 Chinese tourists were surveyed to confirm this model. It is found that all four mediators explain tourists' responsible behaviors. Moreover, sustainable benefits positively influence tourists' performance and effort expectation and social interaction engagement positively influences informative and normative influences, while sustainable facility accessibility positively leads to effort expectation and normative influence.


The author presents an overview of the state of the art in drop-on-demand ink-jet printing. He discusses the different actually manufactured ink-jet print heads with piezoelectric and thermoelectric transducers. The respective advantages and disadvantages and the fundamental limitations are illustrated. Finally, he considers subjects like ink, paper, cleaning, and sealing mechanisms.<<ETX>>


In the minds of many, Fourier transform spectrometry is restricted to applications in the infrared. In the ultraviolet, the increasingly severe demands on optical, data acquisition, and motion control systems of the interferometer diminish the effectiveness of the technique. However, with recent advances in ultraviolet optics, data acquisition and sampling techniques for Fourier transform spectrometers, these stringent demands are easier to meet at vacuum ultraviolet wavelengths and significantly reduce the cost of Fourier transform spectrometers. The FT700 spectrometer at NIST can operate at wavelengths as low as 140 nm, limited by the short wavelength cut-off of the calcium fluoride optics. We illustrate the capabilities of the FT700 spectrometer in the ultraviolet with several recent results in atomic emission spectrometry, plasma diagnostics, and refractometry.


Description A physician warns of the broader implications of pandemic backlash A physician warns of the broader implications of pandemic backlash


[This essay focuses on Bloodlands, Timothy Snyder's analysis of Stalinism, Nazism and their consequences for the transnational territory between Berlin and Moscow from 1932 to 1945. The author concludes that Bloodlands does not add anything new to historians' knowledge of the nature of Stalinism, but it does bring valuable attention to the cruelty of life under Stalin in this area. The author also notes that Snyder leaves out of his book vital areas affected by Stalin's terror, This essay focuses on Bloodlands, Timothy Snyder's analysis of Stalinism, Nazism and their consequences for the transnational territory between Berlin and Moscow from 1932 to 1945. The author concludes that Bloodlands does not add anything new to historians' knowledge of the nature of Stalinism, but it does bring valuable attention to the cruelty of life under Stalin in this area. The author also notes that Snyder leaves out of his book vital areas affected by Stalin's terror]


In 1538 some curious woodcuts made their appearance on the print market. They were published in pairs and represented the human body, in both its male and female forms. Some were coloured, a brief text was printed around them, and the figures were made of a series of layered strips of 'paper: lifted up in turn, they revealed the body's internal organisation. These images had an immediate and tremendous commercial success. Edition upon edition appeared in many European countries throughout the century and continued to do so until the end of the seventeenth century. Anatomical fugitive sheets-thus have they been baptised by librarians, scholars, collectors and historians-have been studied and analysed since the mid-nineteenth century. First brought to the attention of historians of medicine by Ludwig Choulant in 1852, they were inventoried and catalogued in 1923 and 1925 by Le Roy Crummer. Since then other authors have reported the discovery of copies buried in libraries or hidden away in private collections, and endeavoured to classify the editions in terms of their iconography or their text. I Four libraries possess important collections of anatomical fugitive sheets. That at the Wellcome Library in London is undoubtedly the richest; the others are the Le Roy Crummer collection at the Taubman Library of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, the collection at the Royal Library in Stockholm, and that at the College of Physicians in Philadelphia. But countless other copies and editions are dispersed through Europe, the United States and Japan, and to complete an exhaustive account of these sheets would be a desperately laborious endeavour. Over the past few years I have had the opportunity of working in a number of European and American libraries: in some I came upon fugitive sheets of whose very existence I was unaware; conversely, I often had to go away disappointedly empty-handed from potentially promising repositories. Apart from these The term fugitive sheets is unusual in current bibliography. The normal term for the objects discussed here is broadsheets or broadsides. Fugitive sheets is actually the literal translation of the German fliegende Blatter. It was used by L. Choulant, Geschic hte und Bibliographie der anatomnischen Abbildung, nach ihrer Beziehung auf anatomische Wissenschaft und bildende Kunst (Leipzig, 1852), the first to bring these printed images to the attention of historians. In his English translation of Choulant's book, Mortimer Frank chose to use the term "fugitive sheets" and since …


This paper presents a neural identi(cid:12)cation method of tra(cid:14)c participants at airports. The tra(cid:14)c objects are observed by several dissimilar sensors. Their information is fused to possible object feature sets. These feature sets are processed by a neural network based identi-(cid:12)er, so that tra(cid:14)c participants are identi(cid:12)ed on the basis of very few observations. The neural network identi(cid:12)er is composed of several RBF networks including networks with autoassociative network architecture.


Background: Early or delayed-onset complications of posttraumatic pseudoaneurysms of the popliteal artery are rare. In this case a man with delayed posttraumatic popliteal aneurysm 17 years after a mortar trauma is introduced. Materials and Methods: The right posterior region of popliteal fossa in a 40- year old man with a history of mortar trauma, 17 years postwar was gradually filled and induced immobility. Using vascular angiography psudoaneurysm of the region was reported. The case was undergone aneurysm resection and discharged five days after surgery. Conclusion: exacerbation of � pseudoaneurysms of the popliteal artery, even after 17 years, is possible, and this deserves strictly taking a history of trauma in all cases of popliteal masses.


Background: Using internet surveillance data, this study aimed to assess real-time public attention and behavioural responses to the COVID-19 epidemic across countries.

Methods: Internet surveillance was used to collect real-time data from the general public to assess public attention and rumours (China: Baidu; Worldwide: Google Trends) and behaviour response (China: Ali; Worldwide: Google Shopping). These indices measured the daily number of searching or purchasing, and were compared with daily COVID-19 cases. The trend comparisons across countries were observed from December 2019 (pre-pandemic baseline) to 11 April 2020 (when the lockdown lifted in Wuhan, China).

Findings: We identified the squandered windows of opportunity for early epidemic control in 12 countries, when public attention was very low despite the emerging epidemic. China's epidemic and PHEIC did not prompt a worldwide public reaction to adopt public health protective measures; instead, most only responded to the epidemic after case counts mounted in their own country/region. Rumours and misinformation led to a surge of sales in herbal remedies in China and antimalarial drugs worldwide, and timely clarification of rumours mitigated the rush to buy unproven remedies.

Interpretation: Our comparative study highlighted the urgency of international coordination to promote mutual learning on epidemic characteristics as well as effective control measures, and to trigger early and timely response in individual countries. The early release of official guidelines and timely clarification of rumours led by government are necessary to guide the public to take rational actions.

Funding Statement: ZH acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 71874034).

Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.


Tensile and compressive stress-strain experiments on metals at strain rates in the range of 1-1000 1/s are relevant to many applications such as gravity-dropped munitions and airplane accidents. While conventional test methods cover strain rates up to {approx}10 s{sup -1} and split-Hopkinson and other techniques cover strain rates in excess of {approx}1000 s{sup -1}, there are no well defined techniques for the intermediate or ''Sub-Hopkinson'' strain-rate regime. The current work outlines many of the challenges in testing in the Sub-Hopkinson regime, and establishes methods for addressing these challenges. The resulting technique for obtaining intermediate rate stress-strain data is demonstrated in tension on a high-strength, high-toughness steel alloy (Hytuf) that could be a candidate alloy for earth penetrating munitions and in compression on a Au-Cu braze alloy.


Significance In the field of protein structure prediction, identifying homology to known folds offers the most successful and practically useful strategy to provide protein spatial structure models. For protein sequence targets without closely related structures, even very distant homologs can provide reasonable templates for modeling. Despite significant progress in the field, remote sequence similarity search is far from perfection and fresh ideas are needed to extend detection limits. In computer science, the concept of utilizing internal relations within a database to improve similarity search was key to the success of search engines such as Google. Here, we show that similar consideration of the homology network within a protein database of structure templates can dramatically improve the accuracy of homology search. Inference of homology from protein sequences provides an essential tool for analyzing protein structure, function, and evolution. Current sequence-based homology search methods are still unable to detect many similarities evident from protein spatial structures. In computer science a search engine can be improved by considering networks of known relationships within the search database. Here, we apply this idea to protein-sequence–based homology search and show that it dramatically enhances the search accuracy. Our new method, COMPADRE (COmparison of Multiple Protein sequence Alignments using Database RElationships) assesses the relationship between the query sequence and a hit in the database by considering the similarity between the query and hit's known homologs. This approach increases detection quality, boosting the precision rate from 18% to 83% at half-coverage of all database homologs. The increased precision rate allows detection of a large fraction of protein structural relationships, thus providing structure and function predictions for previously uncharacterized proteins. Our results suggest that this general approach is applicable to a wide variety of methods for detection of biological similarities. The web server is available at prodata.swmed.edu/compadre.


Abstract : Electron transport is considered in the metallic range of metal-ammonia solutions; the scattering centers are (i) ions and ammonia dipoles weakly bound in solvated ion complexes, and (ii) free ammonia dipoles. They form a binary liquid mixture but only one of the three possible partial structure factors is required. From the orientational degrees of freedom of the dipoles it can be shown that much of the scattering is incoherent. This, combined with the observation that solvated ions are relatively weak scatterers, accounts in large measure for the high conductivities measured in metal-ammonia solutions. (Author)


We begin by addressing methods for evaluating Xinu with respect to the User Data Protection requirements of the Common Criteria documents. Secondly, we address the constraints necessary to secure an EAL6 certification. We are given that the Xinu operating system has already satisfied the requirements for an EAL5 approval, we only address the additional constraints that must be satisfied to obtain a rating of EAL6. In the interest of brevity, we only list the major section heading, rather than the specific requirements we address (e.g. ADV IMP.2 rather than ADV IMP.2.Xi). It is trivial to take the set difference between the EAL5 and EAL6 requirements. We focus on discussing the specific tools, methods and approaches an evaluator would take to certify Xinu at the EAL6 level. For clarity, our crucial points are emphasized, uld or printed in bold face.


One of the problems that often found in the education field is the low students 'learning interest, especially in mathematics. It is because of the lack of the teachers' creativity in the process of effective and enjoyable learning. One of the factors that led to the current issue is the inappropriate teaching materials that used in the learning process especially the student activity sheet (LKPD). The lack of appropriate LKPD toward students' characteristic and the monotonous LKPD i.e., contains several questions, lead to the passive learning process. This current study is aimed to develop the LKPD on the fractional material that appropriate with the students' characteristic of the MI Wahid Hasyim class IV by using Bruner theory and to know the eligibility of the current LKPD. This study applies ADDIE development model that contained 5 stages named as Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. This LKPD is verified by 2 experts that are teaching material expert and material expert, the validation process is done by 2 validators which are the PGSD UMM lecturers. This study was tested at MI Wahid Hasyim in the even semester of the 2018/2019 academic year on 29 April 2019.
The results of the teaching material validation test of the content, appearance and language aspects assessment were obtained 92% in percentage with a valid and worth using qualification. The validation test results of the material and the language presentation aspect were obtained 87.5% with a valid and worth using qualification. The students' response toward LKPD were obtained 92% in average with a valid and worth using qualification. Hence, it could be conclude that the mathematic LKPD based on the Bruner theory on the fractional material for class IV is worth to be used.


Almost two years ago, having been run to ground in the Western Cape winelands, I gave the first and last history inaugural lecture of my life. A bit of this and a bit of that, I concluded with a couple of observations on the future of the past, or the historian's usual recurring headache. One was to recall some of the sentiments of an Alan Paton Award acceptance speech made by the renowned Charles van Onselen in 1997. What were those? In a nutshell, we were reminded of the fine professional historians who tramp across this country in their shiny bibliographic boots and flowing footnotes. Yet, their talents had become devoted invariably to writing for other professional historians, an affair between smart consenting adults, with little thought given to firing the imagination of a more general reading public. Van Onselen's concern was the future of the past, arguing that for its continuing survival, scholarly South African history needed consciously to cultivate a more public audience.


Investigating the nutrient composition in soil textural constituent as influenced by land use is a necessity towards a good soil conservative and management measure. In view of this, a laboratory experiment was conducted; soil samples were collected from different locations within and outside the Federal University of Technology, Akure and analyzed for basic chemical elements. The soil sampling was based on land use and six different soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-15cm. These samples included bare soil (BS), waterlogged soil (WS), maize cultivated soil (MS), cassava cultivated soil (CS), cassava-maize intercrop (CM), and mixed cropping of cassava, maize and cowpea (MC). The waterlogged soil was cultivated to rice while the bare soil was not cultivated. The soil samples were air-dried and crushed after which fractionation was carried out using a three-layer sieve to separate the soil particles into different size of 2mm to 0.5mm (Sand), 0.5mm-0.05mm (Silt) and


An "over-under" concept turbo-ramjet combined propulsion system is designed for a hypersonic transport working steadily and reliably in a wide flying-scope (M=0~5,H=0~ 30km). This paper examines the overall performance of the ramjet in the combined propulsion system. The modeling, optimizing and air flow matching were accomplished. The configuration design and the inflaming experimentation were already complete. This paper shows the performance simulation model of the ramjet for hypersonic flight which includes variable geometry. The influence of air flow matching for climbing, cruising and controlling was analyzed. At the last of this paper, the whole machine synopsis design was shown.