This paper addresses the challenge of subjectivity in dance performance analysis and the lack of standardized feedback [4]. We introduce a computer vision-based program that offers a systematic framework for assessing posture disparities within dance routines [5]. Through advanced motion tracking algorithms, the program objectively identifies and contrasts key postures and movements. Our experiments involving intermediate and novice dancers demonstrate significant skill improvements, accelerated learning speed, and positive user experiences. Although limitations in mirror material hindered optimal user viewing distance, future plans involve integrating technology within a physical mirror to provide unrestricted comprehensive feedback. This work offers a promising avenue for enhancing dance education by providing consistent, real-time feedback, bridging the gap between subjective assessments and standardized analysis to empower dancers in their skill development [6].


The topics are presented in viewgraph form and include the following: features, applications, surface relief diffractive optics, optical data storage, waveguide lenses, diffractive lense imaging, phase grating synthesis, sub-wavelength structured surfaces, etc.


Based on Terzaghi one-dimensional consolidation theory, this paper deduces the relationships between settlement-velocity and settlement, remnant settlement, consolidated time. The result indicates that the relationships between settlement-velocity and settlement, remnant settlement are linear, and logarithm of settlement-velocity is linearity with consolidated time. According to these relationships, the final primary consolidation settlement, remnant settlement and consolidated time can be calculated easily. An application of these relationships to a practical case is presented.


The paper considers an opportunity for obtaining a competitive advantage by a transport and dispatch service company in the market of transport services while establishing a logistic system of load delivery. A model of delivery system, an universal scheme of system designing for every specific case are presented and also indices for evaluation of its operational quality are proposed in the paper.


: graphene sheets (GNP) were functionalized with gold nanoparticles via a spontaneous deposition of gold particles on its surface occurred by chemical reduction of (Au 3+ ). Even after only 1 min of reaction, the reduction of Au 3+ into metallic Au 0 , takes place evidencing the rapid and spontaneous character of the reduction. The particles after only 3 min of deposition have very small diameters, average centered at 17. The Au-GNP nanofillers were dispersed into UV-curable epoxy resin. Conductivity of the epoxy crosslinked samples containing Au-GNP nanofiller were compared to the values obtained for epoxy nanocomposite containing the same amount of bare graphene; the electrical conductivity was significantly increased by the addition of Au-GNP nanofiller, of about 4 orders of magnitude. This could be attributed to a charge transfer mechanism, which is strongly enhanced by the presence of gold NPs.


The invention relates to a detecting test piece with recognition function and a detecting device thereof, wherein, the detecting test piece comprises a baseplate, a detection zone and a recognition zone positioned on the baseplate; the recognition zone has at least two recognition electrodes, at least one resistance component which is connected with the recognition electrodes in parallel, and an electrode zone which is coupled with the recognition electrodes and the resistance component. By adopting the invention, a plurality of groups of different digital recognition signals can be provided for different customers, detecting instruments or detecting test pieces.


Research work was conducted on the size-class structure and the spatial distribution pattern of the natural regeneration seedlings,which belong to the virgin forest,successive cutting forest and clear cutting forest of Larix gmelinii in north Daxing'anling in Inner Mongolia.The results show that the size-class structure of the natural regeneration seedlings both in the virgin forest and in the successive cutting forest belong to the stable structures of the population,which favors the continuous regeneration of the population,whereas the size-class seructure of the natural regeneration seedlings in the clear cutting forest belongs to the declined structure of the population,which goes against the continuous regeneration of the population.The spatial distribution pattern of the natural regeneration seedlings in the three typs of forests assumes an aggregate distribution.And by the degree of aggregate distribution the highest of the three forest types is the virgin forest,the clear cutting forest comes second,the successtive cutting forest third.This paper also puts forward some suggestions about management of Larex gmelinii.


In this paper, we address the issue of spurious cor relation in the production of health in a systematic way. Spurious correlation entails the ri sk of linking health status to medical (and nonmedical) inputs when no links exist. This note f irst presents the bounds testing procedure as a method to detect and avoid spurious correlatio n. It then applies it to a recent contribution by Lichtenberg (2004), which relates longevity in t he United States to pharmaceutical innovation and public health care expenditure. The results of the bounds testing procedure show longevity to be linearly related to these two factors. Therefore, the estimates reported by Lichtenberg (2004) cannot be said to be result of s purious correlation, to the contrary, they very likely reflect an effective relationship, at l east for the United States. JEL Classification: H51, I12, J18, C22 (C32), O33


Summary During the last two decades, an increase of the frequency of naturally regenerated beech seedlings has been reported. This may be due to an increased masting. In this investigation in southern Sweden, mast year frequency, mast crop size and the relationships between mast year and climatic variables were studied. Our analysis shows that while the average mast year interval was 4 – 6 years from the end of the seventeenth century up to the 1960s, the mean interval has decreased to 2.5 years during the most recent 30 years, and there have been two consecutive mast years on two occasions during this later period. Mast years have often followed years in which the temperature in July and September was higher than the 30-year mean. However, there were signifi cant variations in the amounts of beechnuts produced between different mast years, and beechnut production increased with increasing site index. Climatic changes, especially increases in temperature, may have been responsible for the higher frequency of mast years, but increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition may also have been a contributory factor.


In vivo gene therapy is a strategy in which nucleic acid, usually in the form of DNA, is administered to modify the genetic repertoire of target cells for therapeutic purposes'. This technology is now being evaluated in clinical trials as a treatment for genetic disorders, and is also being considered as a potential treatment of acquired diseases, including atherosclerotic arterial disease, restenosis after vascular interventions, and cardiac allograft rejection. In this review we will focus on the most recent developments of gene transfer technologies into the cardiovascular system, and then on the main potential gene therapy applications for cardiovascular disease.


We develop an orientation sampling algorithm for rigid diatomic molecules, which allows direct generation of rings of images used for path-integral calculation of nuclear quantum effects. The algorithm treats the diatomic molecule as two independent atoms as opposed to one (quantum) rigid rotor. Configurations are generated according to a solvable approximate distribution that is corrected via the acceptance decision of the Monte Carlo trial. Unlike alternative methods that treat the systems as a quantum rotor, this atom-based approach is better suited for generalization to multi-atomic (more than two atoms) and flexible molecules. We have applied this algorithm in combination with some of the latest ab initio potentials of rigid H2 to compute fully quantum second virial coefficients, for which we observe excellent agreement with both experimental and simulation data from the literature.We develop an orientation sampling algorithm for rigid diatomic molecules, which allows direct generation of rings of images used for path-integral calculation of nuclear quantum effects. The algorithm treats the diatomic molecule as two independent atoms as opposed to one (quantum) rigid rotor. Configurations are generated according to a solvable approximate distribution that is corrected via the acceptance decision of the Monte Carlo trial. Unlike alternative methods that treat the systems as a quantum rotor, this atom-based approach is better suited for generalization to multi-atomic (more than two atoms) and flexible molecules. We have applied this algorithm in combination with some of the latest ab initio potentials of rigid H2 to compute fully quantum second virial coefficients, for which we observe excellent agreement with both experimental and simulation data from the literature.


: Adorno's idea of the culture industry is fundamentally about the mass production and consumption of cultural products including music, film, television, and other types of popular entertainment. He claimed that the culture industry functions as a profit-driven structure that manipulates and controls people by creating easily consumable, standardised items that support established ideas. This research is an attempt to understand the intricacies of the relationship between culture, capitalism, and social control through Adorno's idea of the culture industry. The main argument of this study is that the specific examples and manifestations of the culture industry may change over time, the core concerns and insights of Adorno's analysis are considered relevant and continue to inform discussions about the relationship between culture, capitalism, and social control. While doing so, firstly, it explores Adorno's analysis of the culture industry that provides a critical lens through which to understand the continued influence of capitalist structures on cultural production and consumption; secondly, Adorno's research offers a provocative framework for comprehending the intricate interactions between culture, power, and capitalism by shedding light on the social and political ramifications of the culture industry; thirdly, Adorno's critique of the culture industry's impact on the distinction between high and low culture, massification, and consumerism raises important points, it is crucial to critically examine and question his analysis. The paper concludes by saying Adorno's work is crucial as a critical lens for comprehending and navigating the intricacies of contemporary culture because of the culture industry's ongoing effects on personal subjectivity, social structures, and power dynamics.


We systematically studied the lasing characteristics in photonic polycrystalline and amorphous structures. 2D arrays of air holes were fabricated in a GaAs membrane. InAs quantum dots embedded in the membrane provide gain for lasing under optical pumping. The lasing modes are spatially localized, and blue shift as the structural order becomes short ranged. Our three-dimensional numerical simulations reveal that the out-of-plane leakage of the lasing mode dominates over the in-plane leakage. The lasing modes in a photonic polycrystalline move away from the center frequency of the photonic band gap to reduce the out-of-plane leakage. In a photonic amorphous structure, the short-range order improves optical confinement and enhances the quality factor of resonances. Understanding the behavior of photonic polycrystalline laser and amorphous laser opens the possibility of controlling lasing characteristic by varying the degree of structural order.


Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has been newly approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to assess the effectiveness and renal safety of switching from entecavir (ETV) or nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) combination therapy to TAF.


Abstract This report concerns an excavation at Marne Barracks, Catterick, North Yorkshire, undertaken in the summer of 2015. The excavations were part of Operation Nightingale, working with Tri-Service personnel participating in archaeological projects on military bases. Six trenches were examined; two had scant remains and one trench exposed and sampled part of a substantial 20 m-diameter ring ditch. This was part of a Bronze Age burial mound and a radiocarbon date of 3223 ± 29 BP was obtained from material associated with the infilling of the ditch. The main focus of the excavation was around a Romano-British building first discovered in 1939. Excavations in 2015 re-exposed part of this fourth-century AD building and extended the outline of the structure to the south as well as discovering two Anglo-Saxon skeletons. The skeletons, like others from the immediate area, are dated to the sixth century AD.


Multifractals have proven to be a valuable tool in image analysis applications and remote sensing (RS). They can be used for image segmentation, texture analysis, and classification. This study explores their applicability to change detection. We present a new approach to image texture description based on the calculation of a spatialized Hölder exponent on multispectral satellite data. Hölder exponents are evaluated in the context of an unsupervised change detection algorithm, and the classification of change in various land cover classes. Obtained results show that the sensitivity of proposed methods varies from 69% up to 93% with a considerably low level of false alarms.


In this paper,moving least square(MLS)approximation is applied to simulate the complete characteristic curves of reversible pump turbine based on the surface fitting.The comparison of computational results which include the surface fitting of complete characteristic of the unit and the computation of turbine load rejection in pumped storage plant shows that the computational precision by using MLS approximation is better than that of the least square(LS)surface fitting.It means that MLS is more appropriate than LS to simulate the complete characteristic curves of reversible pump turbine.In the end,the effect of MLS's parameters,such as coefficient of weight function,the number of points in the support domain and the scale of radius of the support domain on the computational results are analyzed and some suggestive conclusions are presented.


Naval air power is, although complementary to its land‐based counterpart, essential in its own right due to the fact that naval forces can reach trouble‐spots within hours and remain there for extended periods of time without the political and, military risks of landing forces or deploying aircraft. Rear Admiral Cooke‐Priest highlights the advantages of the different platforms and aircraft which operate as a specialist unit within a highly integrated and increasingly sophisticated force rising to the challenges of peace and war in future years.


I am of opinion that the amount of Institution accommodation that will be required in the future is much larger than is generally recognised. My experience as a specialist in seeing patients in their own homes for the Essex Mental Deficiency Committee has shown me the very large number of defectives in one County alone that need and should have Institution care. I believe tha,t large Institutions taking all grades of mental defect from the


Numerous studies [1-3] have shown that chiral biological structures share common properties with liquids crystals, in particular a tendency to assemble in three-dimensional lattices very similar to that of chiral nematics. Biological fibrous composites are usually found in planar (film) and cylindrical (fibber) twist geometries. In this work, the formation process of the planar twist architecture is numerically investigated using a mesoscopic model based on the Landau-de Gennes theory of chiral nematic liquid crystals. The simulations and visualizations of the computed textures provide new information on some of the principles that govern the formation of chiral biological structures. It is found that a defect-free planar twist architecture arises from a chiral front propagation process with a fully relaxed wake.


This investigation reports on follow-up information received from past participants of a school-based social learning program designed for problem adolescents. The follow-up occurred approximately five years after the students' participation in the program. The attitudes and performance of 15 of the original 24 adolescents were assessed on a range of self-report measures, incorporating variables such as their employment and educational status, evaluation of program participation, involvement in leisure-time and community activities, relationships with family and friends, and anticipated aversive consequences of engaging in delinquent acts. Issues of importance to the execution of follow-up studies are reviewed. Data resulting from this pilot study fail to conclusively demonstrate the long-term merits of the behavioral program with this population.


Morphometry and anatomical variability of Pleurodema thaul populations from Argentina and Chile were analyzed. Multivariate statistical tests were applied to 16 morphometric variables. Results indicate that the studied populations of P. thaul cannot be distinguished in different morphotypes, as previously proposed. Skeletal morphology of the sternum (xiphisternum) reveals that the Argentine populations of P. thaul have an incised sternum, as the sternum observed in chilean specimens. Our results do not allow supporting the separation of P. thaul in different specific entities.


Abstract The text which is at the centre of the discussion in this paper was one of the many manuscripts on which Niklas Luhmann worked concurrently until 1972, and which he left incomplete. This fragment has now (2013) been published posthumously in Germany (in German) as a book in an edited version. While the reasons as to why Luhmann never completed the text remain unclear, studying it now with hindsight reveals Luhmann's work on contingency theory as a direct conduit from legal theory to systems theory while circumnavigating sociological theory. With an international audience in mind, this author has tried to introduce this eye-opening historical document in a particularly careful way which pays tribute to Niklas Luhmann's original, perhaps peculiar, language and terminology. At the same time, this paper attempts to preserve the meaning of the original text by suggestions as to how that text could be understood in an English translation. There is some urgency for making the message of this particular piece of Luhmann's work widely known because it appears to have an important, perhaps even crucial, place in the genetic history of Luhmann's ideas and in his generative grammar of systems theory.


Each kidney has 1 000 000 glomeruli which act as a colander to filter the blood into an almost protein-free ultrafiltrate. We filter approximately 150–170 l each day. The job of filtration is mediated by a specialized capillary, the glomerular capillary. The glomerular capillary wall has fenestrated endothelial cells, which sit on a basement membrane approximately 350 nm thick. On the urinary side of the basement membrane are epithelial cells called podocytes that have interdigitating foot processes. The basement membrane has negatively charged glycosaminoglycans, which is an important factor limiting the filtration of albumin, a small negatively charged protein. The 40 nm space where the ultrafiltrate passes between the podocyte foot processes is called the glomerular slit diaphragm. The slit diaphragm is formed by nephrin, the protein which is abnormal or absent in patients with Finnish type congenital nephrotic syndrome. The glomerular ultrafiltrate is generated by fluid passing through the fenestrae, across the basement membrane and between the podocyte foot processes. It is unclear to what extent the endothelial cells, basement membrane and podocyte slit diaphragm contribute to the permeability properties of the glomerulus. In all causes of nephrotic syndrome, however, there is obliteration or fusion of the glomerular epithelial foot processes, which correlates with nephrotic range proteinuria. Rare inherited forms of nephrotic syndrome, which leads to disruption of essential proteins in the glomerular basement membrane, have led to the recent increase in our understanding of how the glomerular capillary functions.


This paper studies how rents are shared between capital and labour, using industry-level panel data for 19 OECD countries over the 1988–2007 period. The first step is an explanation of the rent creation process. We provide evidence of a significant impact of regulation on value-added prices at the industry level relative to the value-added price for the overall economy (rent). In the second step, we dissect the value-added sharing process. Running OLS and IV estimations, our results confirm the Blanchard-Giavazzi (2003) prediction: the impact of rents on the capital share depends on workers' bargaining power.

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This paper analyses the effects of innovation networks on product and process innovation and sales growth of high technology SMEs. Innovation net- works are positively related to both product and process innovation, i.e. knowledge creation. One exception is the negative effect of innovation networks with suppliers on product innovation. Older SMEs are more product innovative than young SMEs. The positive relation between firm size and (process) innovation, disappears when networks are introduced into the analyses. The general conclusion is that vertical innovation networks remove the effect of firm size on process innovation. In other words, high-tech SMEs can 'borrow' size if they co-operate with customers, but especially with suppliers for process innovation. So smallness is not necessarily a disadvantage for innovation, as long as firms cooperate with other organisations. Innovation and networks do not seem to effect value creation, measured as sales growth.


This paper studied the development of green power in some developed countries such as America,Netherlands,Denmark and Germany,etc.and introduced how they drive the market trade and technology advancement of green power through market-lever conditioning,and proposed some suggestions on the development of green power in China.


Blockchain is a distributed technology used with the series of users in peer-to-peer transactions to utilize the usability properties of the immutable data records. Block chains are the new domain of research and has proved its strong existence in the field of Bitcoins [1, 2]. To use this emerging technology in other fields of network based computing sciences, we have chosen the field of medical data applications as these data needs to be privacy preserving and confidentiality along with its research value. Different medical researches use such data without any predefined framework based upon cloud applications. Several health clouds are also suggested so far. In this paper, we have tried to explore the possibility of the block chain in healthcare information and medical data which will have a transparency in the usage of medical information of the patients and their further analysis.


In April 1992, xenon-enhanced CT cerebral blood flow measurement (Xe-CT) was approved as a clinical examination by Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare. Thereafter the number of the institutions that installed xenon inhalator has been increased and that can be estimated more than 200 until now (Fig. 1). We sent out questionnaires about Xe-CT to those institutions, and received the fill out answers from 118 institutions. Followings are the results of the questionnaires. The persons in charge of Xe-CT are mostly neurosurgeons (98), some neurologists (9), physicians ( 5 ) and radiologists (4). Among those 105 institutions has performed Xe-CT at least once, however, only 79 institutions continue to perform XeCT for routine clinical examinations (Fig. 2). The reason why they abandoned Xe-CT are the difficulty of the study, low cost performance and preference of SPECT because that they believe SPECT


Robots make use of variety of sensors to gather information about their environment. Sensors are far from perfect and there are many ways errors arise. To eliminate these errors and increase accuracy, multiple measurements are fused together. The Extended Kalman Filter is a popular tool used to provide a more accurate estimation of the robot state given environmental uncertainties. The cost of the enhanced measurement afforded by the family of Kalman Filters is that they require motion and measurement models. In a number of cases the models are not always available or lack the required accuracy. Neural networks have been successful in learning functions which would suggest that they could learn the motion and observation models as well as perform the required sensor fusion and state estimation. This paper will analyze existing methods of signal processing, and focus on using a Recurrent Neural Network in place of the Extended Kalman Filter. Using a neural network to learn the kinematics of the robot and errors in the system to provide a clearer estimate of state.


To assess the possible role of increased insulin clearance in the pathogenesis of the dawn phenomenon, we compared plasma free-insulin concentrations, free-insulin clearance rates, and plasma glucose concentrations in eight subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during infusion of insulin from midnight to 0800 h (0.15 mU · kg−1 · min−1) with a Biostator and a Harvard pump. During infusion of insulin with the Biostator, plasma free insulin decreased 40% (from 14 ± 1 to 9 ± 1 μU/ml, P < .01), insulin clearance increased 54% (from 11 ± 1 to 17 ± 2 ml/min, P < .05), and plasma glucose increased from 101 ± 4 to 217 ± 27 mg/dl, P < .01. During infusion of insulin with the Harvard pump, neither plasma free insulin (14 ± vs. 13 ± 1 μU/ml) nor free-insulin clearance (12 ± 2 vs. 13 ± 2 ml/min) changed significantly, but plasma glucose increased from 100 ± 3 to 167 ± 21 mg/dl, P < .01. The increases in plasma glucose during infusion of insulin with the Biostator and the Harvard pump were not significantly different (t = 1.44, P = .19). When insulin was delivered directly into test tubes with the Biostator and the Harvard pump, insulin concentrations in the test tubes decreased 46% over 8 h (P < .05) with the Biostator, whereas no decrease was observed with the Harvard pump. We conclude that the dawn phenomenon can occur without an increase in insulin clearance and that the apparent overnight increase in insulin clearance observed in studies with the Biostator iS artifactual.


Current research on examination response time has focused on tests comprised of traditional multiple-choice items. Consequently, the impact of other innovative or complex item formats on examinee response time is not understood. The present study used multilevel growth modeling to investigate examinee characteristics associated with response time differences on a medical certification exam comprised of two item formats. A linear model described examinee pacing on the traditional multiple-choice section, while a quadratic or curvilinear model described pacing on a diagnostic study section comprised of complex graphic-intensive multiple-response items. Examinees' gender, ability, and age explained variability in response times for each exam section; notably, older examinees' initial pacing was slower on the multiple-choice section but faster on the complex graphic-intensive multiple-response section. This study has implications for test developers throughout the world who intend to incorporate complex item formats into their high-stakes exams.


Objective Developing a motion-simulating model for various radiation treatment plans to study the effects of organ motion using Monte Carlo simulations. Methods This paper presents a 4D digital anatomical model for studying effects of organ motion on radiation treatment and delivery. An existing 3D VIP-Man (visible photographic man) model has been reconstructed using sampled control points for organs and non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) method. Transformation on those control points, using the respiratory motion data obtained clinically, can be used to get the 4D partial-body anatomical model by time-dependent equations. EGS4 (electron gamma shower, version 4) code is used for Monte Carlo calculations. To test the model proposed, a simulation study of a lung lesion was created to study the impact of organ motion on delivered radiation dose. Results In this simulation study, the lesion dose could differ as much as 40% for different respiratory phases in the simulation study. Conclusion This preliminary study demonstrates the potential of 4D digital anatomical model utilizing Monte Carlo code for 4D dose calculations.


Both PRRSV types 1 and 2 revealed the sign of reproductive disorders associated with a lesion at implantation sites. Impairment of maternal glandular endometrium cell integrity and function by PRRSV infection may impact a proper nourishing fetus. This research was aimed to examine the effects of PRRSV type 1 and type 2 directly on the viability and barrier function of the endometrium using porcine glandular endometrial epithelial cell culture (PEG). The comparison of the route and the strain of PRRSV infection coinciding with their virulent in reproductive epithelia were considered. PEG cells isolated from the 4-6 months old PRRSV-free-herd gilts (n=7 pigs) were cultured in standard media DMEM with 5% fetal bovine serum until 90% confluent. The fresh isolated PRRSV type 1 and type 2 (at TCID100/2 ml) inoculated to either apical or basolateral site of PEG cells for 1 h. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed daily. The permeability assessment of barrier function, the measurement of FITC dextran 4 kDa (FD-4) flux and transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), were performed at 0, 2, 4 and 6 days post infection (dpi). The expression of TJ protein genes; Cldn 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and ZO-1 were detected by real-time qPCR and normalized with GAPDH at 4 dpi. The viability was determined by MTT assay and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay at 0, 2, 4 and 6 dpi. All PRRSV inoculations to PEG cells produced a various CPE formation upon the inoculation. Apical inoculation with PRRSV type 2 decreased TER and increased FD-4 flux at 4 dpi (p<0.05). This indicates the cytotoxicity of PRRSV type 2 infection. In contrast, basolateral inoculation of PRRSV type 1 and 2 had no effects but maintained the integrity of the TJ barrier reflected by the stable of FD-4 flux through 6 dpi (p<0.05). Both viruses seem to increase the barrier function by up-regulating the barrier builder TJ Cldn5 but down-regulating the pore-forming TJ Cldn7 (p<0.05). The additional TJs gene was differently a target of PRRSV type 1 and 2 infections; Cldn3 and Cldn8 for PRRSV type 1 vs. ZO-1 for PRRSV type 2. However, the alteration of TJs expression induced by PRRSV was not relevant to their effects on TJs barrier functions. In the viability test, PRSSV type 2 increased cell proliferation, although the necrotic cell was concomitantly detected at 2 and 4 dpi (p<0.05). A few necrotic cells were also founded by PRRSV type 1 infection at 2 dpi. All of the cytotoxicity or proliferative effects were recovered at 6 dpi in all PRRSV infected PEG. However, whether the recovery PEG cell has a proper function is suspicious. The conclusion from our findings is PRRSV type 2 has more severity on the TJs barrier leaky and cell death than type 1 PRRSV in porcine endometrium. Since PRRSV can disturb TJs mRNA expression associated with necrosis, mucosal contamination or inoculation with PRRSV may be at risk or associated with PRRSV-induced reproductive disorders.


Abstract . The actions of top management determine the cultural set and the cultural climate which is manifested in the form of behavior, actions and attitudes of employees in every organizational environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze and interpret the role of management in the manifestation of organizational culture in the Biak Numfor Regency Government. With a qualitative research design, it is expected that complete and detailed data will be obtained using a case study approach, using research instruments; 1) interview guidelines, observation guidelines / check lists, and document notes collected related to relevant policies. The results showed that there was no formal managerial role in the organization in managing the potential existence of individual personal values that were still human. (1) the value ideal that exists at the level of perception of attitude alone is seen as a manifestation result because of its existence as an individual effort, even though there is no formal managerial incentive; (2) the value ideals that exist at the level of perception of knowledge which continuously exist at the level of work behavior attitudes, are seen as manifestations (informal) because of the transition at both levels. Keywords: Management, manifestation, culture organization


Abstrack
      This research aims to find empirical evidence that democratic leadership style, organizational commitment and integrity influence the performance of auditors in the Representatives of the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP) of South Kalimantan Province.
This research method is a quantitative method. The population of this study was the BPKP South Kalimantan BPKP Representative numbering 90 people. The determination of the sample of this study uses saturated samples. Data analysis using multiple linear regression with a significance level of 5%
The results of this research find empirical evidence that democratic leadership style does not partially affect auditor performance, organizational commitment partially affects auditor performance and integrity does not partially affect auditor performance.


A process for preparing a flexible relief printing master plate used in the sleeve, wherein the sleeve is reusable. Reusable sleeve on its outer surface comprises a self-adhesive. In the first embodiment, the support member may be removably attached to the sleeve reusable, after this, a relief image is formed on a support by an inkjet method. In the second embodiment, direct laser engraving (the DLE) of a flexible relief printing master precursors may be removably attached to the sleeve reusable, after which a relief image is formed by DLE. It may then be removed from the sleeve after printing Flexographic printing master, and the sleeve can be reused to create a new printing master.


The current study examined the educational, economic, and sociocultural, family and personal dimensions of delayed marriage among educated females in Pakistan. In addition, it revealed family-based and personal dimensions of delayed marriage among educated females in Pakistan. Furthermore, it highlighted the sociopsychological consequences of delayed marriageability among females in patriarchal society. For this purpose, 35 females, in the age bracket of 30–49 years and with a minimum of 16 years of education, were recruited for the current study through purposive and snowball sampling technique. An interview guide was used as a tool for data collection. The main sociocultural factors of delayed marriageability were the unavailability of a suitable match in the marriage market, the provision of the dowry, the pivotal role of the caste system and the second fiddle role of sectarian affiliation, and previous marital status (engaged or divorced) of the females. The structure and the size of the family were also the decisive family factors of delayed marriageability. Additionally, among personal traits, physical outlook and effective individualism played a prominent role. The current study conjectured a relational insight and transformation in a family structure for family demographers. It was the first qualitative study to highlight the patriarchal perspective of Pakistani society on the factors of delayed marriages. The findings of the current study would enrich the overall theoretical understanding of delayed marriageability among females.


The purpose of this study to establish the optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters of Polysaccharides from Agaricus bisporus mycelia (PABM). Single factor experiment was employed to determine the preliminary range of the extraction parameters including liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic time, extraction temperature, and ultrasonic power. Then, an orthogonal experiment design was employed to determine the best extraction parameters of PABM. the results showed that the optimal UAE parameters of PABM was liquid-solid ratio of 40 ml/g, ultrasonic time of 70 min, extraction temperature of 55°C, and ultrasonic power of 660 W.


This article presents a detailed functional evaluation of the main currently available tools that can be used for synchronous distance e-learning. This evaluation covers 20 tools commonly used in synchronous e-learning. Some tools have been specifically designed for synchronous e-learning and others were originally designed for web conferencing, but in their evolution, they have integrated most of the functions included in the tools designed for synchronous e-learning. Today, most of web conferencing tools allow the remote presentation of rich multimedia contents, and therefore, they can be used in synchronous e-learning with a satisfactory efficiency. On the contrary, most synchronous e-learning tools have integrated a very sophisticated web conferencing support, so they can be used for sales presentation, tele-marketing or to support collaborative work. This functional convergence opens a huge market of users for these tools, in which are involved the most important companies of the software and telecommunications sectors. Key-Words: Synchronous distance e-learning, multimedia tools, e-learning tools, functional evaluation


Discovering the influencers in the new social network is very important for the promotion of products and the supervision of public opinion. Most of the previous research was based on the method of mining influential individuals, while the tribe-leaders were neglected. In this paper, a new method of mining tribeleaders is proposed based on the frequent pattern of propagation. First, a method of changing the diffusion trees is proposed to overcome the problem of multi-pattern in propagation, where the information propagation trees are changed into a connected undirected acyclic graph. Then, a new frequent subgraph mining method called Tribe-FGM is proposed to improve the efficiency of graph mining by reducing the scale of pattern growth. Experiments are conducted on a real dataset, and the results show that Tribe-FGM is more effective than the method of Unot.


Due to the developments in information and communication technologies, the rapid increase in user density and the need for faster access to information, the radio frequency bands allocated to mobile communications are rapidly filling and approaching to their upper limits. Visible light communication using visible light bands that do not interfere with radio frequency bands is seen as a suitable candidate for the solution of this problem. In this study, performance analysis of color shift keying modulation used in visible light communication systems is performed.


This research studies the potential for using ground bottom ash from Mae Moh power plant in Thailand as a pozzolanic material. The grinding effect on the chemical and physical properties of bottom ash was studied. Three different bottom ash finenesses viz., coarse bottom ash (GBA-1), medium bottom ash (GBA- 2) and fine bottom ash (GBA-3) were used for this work. Portland cement type I (CT) was partially replaced with ground bottom ash at 10, 20, 30 and 40% by weight of binder. Specific gravity, fineness, chemical properties, compressive strength, porosity and chloride penetration test of concretes were determined. The results showed that GBA-3 has a high potential to be used as a good pozzolanic material. The use of GBA-3 produces concrete with good strength and low porosity. The strength of concrete improves with partial replacement of GBA-3 in comparison with the coarse bottom ash (GBA-1) and medium bottom ash (GBA-2). The use of GBA-3 results in a strong and dense concrete, which is due to better dispersion and filling effect as well as an increase in the pozzolanic reaction. The resistance to chloride penetration of concrete improves substantially with replacement of CT with fine bottom ash (GBA-3). Bottom ash has a high potential to be a good pozzolanic material, if it is improved to have high fineness.


EVs have been continuously evolving energy-efficient alternatives to vehicles powered by combustion engines during the last decade. However, boosting the battery efficiency in EVs presents a number of obstacles. Range anxiety is an unresolved issue due to the limited range of single charge. The EV suffers from relatively short range and long charging times and consequently has not become an acceptable solution to the automotive consumer. This paper mainly focuses on improving the battery efficiency of EV to meet out the requirements for long range of transportation with less charging time. The most efficient types of wireless power transfer method called magnetic inductive coupling with less losses is performed. Instead of using repeated coils to transfer power to long distance, a new system is implemented by converting nominal frequency into high frequency resulting in producing more flux which transfers more power to receiving coil. The proposed system can transfer power even it is subjected to any obstacle. To make the journey green, an on-board solar PV roof is considered as another charging source in regards with improving efficiency of the battery. The battery management system is achieved by using modified SEPIC converter to control different voltage level from wireless power transmission and on-board PV system.


Contradictory results were published from two studies in the late 1990s about the effects of long half‐life benzodiazepine use on the risk of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) in the elderly. The use of different study designs could explain the differences observed in these studies.


We read the article by Bugnicourt et al with great interest. Authors show that incomplete posterior circle of Willis (CW) is an independent risk factor of migraine. Our previous study disclosed that proportion of a fetal CW did not differ between migraine and control subjects. We also studied morphological changes of posterior CW in migraineurs, and we would like to compare between ours and the results of Bugnicourt et al. Among 141 migraine patients in our neurology department, 73 migraineurs (31 migraineurs with aura [MA] and 42 without aura [MO]) had brain MR imaging and angiography (MRA) using 3-dimensional time-of-flight sequence. A skilled neuroradiologist reviewed maximum intensity projection (MIP) imaging and source imaging of MRA. Complete posterior CW was defined as the presence of both posterior communicating arteries and both P1 segments of the posterior cerebral arteries. Other patterns of posterior CW were classified to incomplete type. CW morphology was compared between migraineurs and 100 age-matched control subjects (Table). Those participants who had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or oral contraceptives were excluded. As compared with controls, migraineurs and MA sufferers significantly decreased the frequency of complete posterior CW. No significant changes of posterior CW existed between MO sufferers and controls. Posterior CW patterns were not correlated with other clinical aspects of migraineurs, including age, sex, onset age, and duration of migraine (Table). Incomplete posterior CW is associated with MA in our study whereas Bugnicourt et al showed no statistical differences of posterior CW patterns between MA and MO patients. The question arises whether incomplete posterior CW is a causative cofactor of migraine onset or whether these blood flow changes occur after migraine onset.We would like to know how onset age and duration of migraine influence posterior CW shapes in patients of Bugnicourt et al, as authors mention that their patients visit emergency department. Thirty of 47 migraineurs have atypical episodes, and 21 of 24 MA patients have prolonged aura more than 1 hour. Otherwise, our patients did not derive from emergency department. We excluded migraineurs with atypical episode or long visual aura. Posterior configuration of CW was assessed carefully by serial slices of source imaging in our subjects, besides


Weakness and temporary elimination of the equatorial easterly winds over the eastern and central Pacific in late 1957 and early 1958 brought about a brief cessation of equatorial upwelling which in turn caused the occurrence of above-normal surface water temperatures in the tropical Pacific from the American coast westward to the dateline. This sudden introduction of a large anomalous heat source for the atmosphere intensified its thermodynamic circulation, especially in the wintertime (northern) hemisphere. Record intensity of the westerlies resulted in the eastern North Pacific. The anomalous depth of the Low in the Gulf of Alaska had the downwind effect of weakening the Iceland Low and setting the stage for a cold winter in northern Europe. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1966.tb00303.x


Collection 678 therapy prescription for depression,then analysis and research.The results showed that common remedy in treating depression is tranquilizing mind,soothing the liver,replenishing qi,nourishing blood as well as promoting blood circulation Initial speculate the core of the pathogenesis for the depression are deficiency qi,liver losing its normal clearing functiongs,heart losing its mind and spirit,blood circulation block,etc.Deficiency syndrom concurring sthenia,sthenia syndrom concurring deficiency and concurrent deficiency and sthenia are basic character of depression.


In this paper we establish some two parameters two points rep- resentations with integral remainders for absolutely continuous functions and apply them for the logarithmic and exponential functions. Some inequalities for weighted arithmetic and geometric means are provided as well.


We consider what is the maximum information measurable from the decay distributions of polarised baryon decays via amplitude analysis in the helicity formalism. We focus in particular on the analytical study of the decay distributions, demonstrating that the full information on its decay amplitudes can be extracted from its distributions, allowing a simultaneous measurement of both helicity amplitudes and the polarisation vector. This opens the possibility to use the decay for applications ranging from New Physics searches to low-energy QCD studies, in particular its use as absolute polarimeter for the baryon. This result is valid as well for baryon decays having the same spin structure, and it is cross-checked numerically by means of a toy amplitude fit with Monte Carlo pseudodata.


Only now, in the era of high-speed railway transport, there is a realization concerning the greatness of pioneering research 50 years ago of Academician V. A. Lazaryan, his fellow students, their demand and relevance in the evolutionary development of railways in the world. The work is the author's memoirs about the outstanding representatives of the scientific school of transport mechanics (including in the direction of the dynamics and stability of the trains movement) – Academician V. A. Lazaryan, Academician M. H. Bondar, Professor Y. P. Blokhin. They and their students, an informal creative team of researchers of different generations, continued and continue the work of their leader – Academician V. A. Lazaryan.


In order to overcome the problem of unemployment in Indonesia as well as improving the competence of the students, it is the basis for the writer to be able to increase competence, through training. Training is one of to improve a person's competency with the aim to produce optimal performance in line with expectations. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of the influence of soft skills training for the competence of student at Faculty of Economics State University of Jakarta. The study was conducted by using descriptive and explanatory survey. The data collection techniques by observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of this study showed that the effectiveness of soft skills training has a positive and significant impact on student competence, where the influence of an impact on a student's self-concept, increase motifs, and knowledge, so that students have the competence to speak in public.


The Yes/No vocabulary test has some methodological advantages compared with the commonly used multi-ple-choice vocabulary test. To clarify the nature of both tests, we conducted two surveys. Participants ranged from high school students to adults in their 60s. We examined the relationships between these two vocabulary tests and reading activity, which is a major source of vocabulary learning. We found an intermediary relationship: familiarity with reading directly predicts known rates on the Yes/No test, and the known rate predicts correct answer rates on the multiple-choice test. Based on this result, we concluded that the Yes/No test reflects a "rough understanding of the meaning of words," which is the initial vocabulary learning effect of reading. Thus, the effect of reading ac-tivities can be detected more sensitively by the Yes/No test. The results also suggest that the multiple-choice test reflects a "detailed understanding of the meaning of words" that precedes the rough understanding of meaning.


A review of the Coast Guard's research and development program in shipboard wastewater treatment is presented. The nature of the problem is described in terms of vessel constraints, wastewater characteristics, and system requirements. Data on the wastewater characteristics from selected Coast Guard vessels are summarized, and performance goals and design specifications for a 50-man and 20-man system are reviewed. The results of past testing and evaluation of biological and physical/channel prototype systems is discussed including descriptions of the various systems and actual field performance data.


I read with interest Chris Cannon's editorial on revascularization in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. I was disappointed that Dr Cannon failed to mention that in two of the three major studies of early invasive vs. conservative management for acute coronary syndrome, women not only showed no benefit, but had higher risk of mortality with the early invasive arm. In both FRISC-II and RITA-3 women in all risk categories were more likely to die if they underwent early invasive therapy for acute coronary syndrome. It is only in TACTICS-TIMI 18 that women at high risk (elevated troponin T) showed a benefit with early invasive therapy. Gender differences in results in acute coronary syndrome have also been shown in the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Again, while men show a mortality benefit with use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, women, in a large meta-analysis of over 30 000 patients from six major trials, show a 15% increase in the primary endpoint, death or myocardial infarction, when treated with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for acute coronary syndrome. It was only in the high-risk category (increased troponin) that women showed a non-significant trend towards benefit, with use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa agents. It is important to consider results for treatment of acute coronary syndromes in men and women separately, as the risks and benefits differ. It is essential to better understand the pathophysiology in both sexes, so that we can optimally treat every patient with acute coronary syndrome.


This work investigates the effect of alkali metals (Li, Na, and K) doping on silicene sheets (2D silicon) by using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT). This includes Si<inf>13</inf>H<inf>22</inf>, Si<inf>19</inf>H<inf>30</inf>, Si<inf>54</inf>H<inf>74</inf>, and Si<inf>104</inf>H<inf>134</inf> silicene sheets. The results show some variation in the IR and UV-Vis spectrums as the sheet size change, with the largest structure showing an onset of absorption in the visible spectrum. Also, the results show that excitation energy decreases significantly by 29% as the number of atoms increases from Si<inf>13</inf>H<inf>22</inf>to Si<inf>104</inf>H<inf>134</inf>. Also, this work investigates the doping effect of alkali metals (Li, Na, and K) on the silicene sheets. The doped structures showed a dipole moment as high as approximately 10 Debye. The doped structures show a significant increase in optical absorption in the visible spectrum, as well as the potential for high reactivity


We found the same staggering pattern in the evolution of the spin-orbit (SO) and pseudospin-orbit (PSO) splittings in neutron drops obtained by the energy-density functional (EDF) theory using SAMi-T and SLy5 parameterizations, with and without the tensor terms respectively. This staggering evolution is similar to the results recently obtained by the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) theory with Bonn A potential, which was claimed to be a tensor effect. In this work, we present an intuitive but essential explanation on the origin of this staggering evolution in the Skyrme EDF theory. We found that for both the SO and PSO partners, the energy splittings mainly originate from the SO potential. The staggering evolution of both the SO and PSO splittings is mainly due to the drastic change of density while neutrons filling different single-particle orbits. The key to determine the specific staggering pattern is the strength of the neutron density gradient term and the SO density term in the SO potential, not necessarily the tensor force.


Using data from the Liberian Demographic and Health Survey (1986) on survival of 5.604 children born in the preceding 5 years and characteristics of the mothers household environmental risk factors of childhood mortality were sought. Prevalence of hypothesized environmental risk factors varied considerably by planning regions. In a bivariate analysis water supply from a river or stream rather than a piped or well supply and no access to toilet facilities rather than some access both indicated slight elevated risks of child death. Using a multivariate logistic regression analysis effects of type of sanitation facility available and of water source were distinguished after adjusting for maternal literacy rural-urban residence sex of child birth interval length and access to health services. Household water supplied from a river or stream was associated with a 30% higher risk of childhood mortality level. The effect of differential access to toilet facilities was unimportant once water supply was considered. Maternal illiteracy birth intervals < 2 years and male sex also remained significant predictors of child death with a chance of dying 1.5 times that of children born 4 or more years after their most recent sibling. Effects of rural vs. urban residence and access to health facilities measured by travel time proved to be unimportant. (Authors modified).


In this paper, I wish to show how new technologies come to alter one's initial enjoyment and comportment towards a hobby. What I show is that new technologies serve to transform leisurely activities into a technique, in the Ellulian sense of the term. I begin from the outside in, as it were, by first articulating what I take a hobby to be. Secondly, I then examine the time-honoured pastime of fishing to show that new technologies, if utilized, either cause the hobby to take on aspects of traditional work or in other cases, causes the hobbyist to quit the activity because the hobby is now deemed undesirable; the technological advancement makes the hobby too easy. Thirdly and finally, I turn my attention to another kind of hobby or leisurely activity, which some have called "Facebooking." Looking at Facebook through an Ellulian lens, there are, to be sure, some rather unsettling aspects of the activity, but despite this, all is not lost; Facebook may be used as a tool to practice the Ellulian virtue of non-selectivity.


The kinetics of non-equilibrium populations of HCN(12°0) and HCN(1110) have been observed by far ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence. These species were formed during relaxation of HCN(001) prepared by absorption of infrared absorption from a tunable optical parametric oscillator.


Cannes Film Festival, marketplace for new commercial, feature films, is mercilessly packaged for the attention of both industry and audience. Nevertheless, short, educational and children's films gain more and more recognition, and have their own international screenings and awards. Sydney filmmaker, Andrew Vial, has spent twelve years attending (and winning awards at) these various festivals. He details some of his observations for METRO.


The purpose of this paper and the related presentation is to prove that microdata are very important for statistics. However, statistical data (including that based on microdata) needs first a common methodology, so as to be compiled with the expected reliability and quality and to be comparable among countries. 1 Statistics Department, Bulgarian National Bank, email@example.com.


Odontogenic tumors (OT) encompass a diverse collection of lesions that ranges from hamartomas to benign and malignant neoplastic lesions of erratic aggressiveness. The progress and development of OT are influenced by variation of many kinds of genes and molecules. Genetic instability is a hallmark of cancer. This review illustrate a concurrent sketch of the recent updating of the molecular and genetic alterations linked with the growth and development of OT, including oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, oncoviruses, growth factors cell cycle regulators, apoptosis-related factors, regulators of tooth development, hard tissue-related proteins, cell adhesion molecules, matrixdegrading proteinases, factors of angiogenesis, and osteolytic cytokines. The logical and enhanced understanding of the molecular mechanism may provide newer thoughts for their recognition and administrate an improved prognosis of OT.


To the Editor:We read with great interest the study by Pang and Ying,1 which revealed measurement of the length of the Achilles tendon. In our opinion, some parts of this study are not clear enough. Altered dimensions and architectural abnormalities of the Achilles tendon were reported in cases with familial hyperlipidemia in previous reports.2,3 However, Pang and Ying1 did not identify familial hyperlipidemia as an exclusion criterion. The authors reported statistical significance of comparisons according to age and dominance of ankles and correlation between body height and thickness, cross-sectional area, and length of the Achilles tendon as either P < .05 or P > .05 in the "Results" sections of the abstract and full text.1 However, the P value of statistical significance was not identified in the statistical analysis section. In "Results," a low correlation was reported between body height and thickness, cross-sectional area, and length of the Achilles tendon with relatively small correlation coefficients ranging from 0.07 to 0.28 and P > .05. The definition of "low correlation" is not feasible, solely with small correlation coefficients, in the absence of a statistically significant P value (mostly P < .05). We hope that the above-mentioned comments may further strengthen the findings of this study.


Dimming level control apparatus of an illumination according to one embodiment of the present invention is a dimming level control apparatus of an illumination arrangement in the ceiling surface, the sampling unit, the illumination sampling the luminance values of the overhead area in accordance with the dimming level change of the illumination the minimum dimming level, the illuminance value and a communication unit that receives a light intensity value of the floor area in the maximum dimming level of the lighting, the illuminance value of the illuminance value and the ceiling region of the bottom area in the minimum dimming level of the lighting of the floor area in, on the basis of the algorithm is defined by a luminance value of the overhead area in the light intensity value and the intensity value of the overhead area of the bottom region at the maximum dimming level of the lighting, the current dimming level of the illumination for the current dimming level of the illumination estimating section for estimating a light intensity value of the bottom region, and a dimming of the illumination such that the illumination intensity value and the target value of the estimated floor area match les It may comprise a control unit for controlling a level.


Objective To investigate dating relationship and dating violence among university students,and to provide evidence for the intervention.Methods By ramdomly cluster sampling method,3 380 college students were chosen with class as unit from 14 universities in Nanjing,Changsha,Xiangtan and Guiyang.Dating and dating violence were questionnaired among university students.Results About 42.4% had dating experience,and 10.4% students had sexual experience.The dating psychological aggression rate was 65.6%,physical assault rate was 36.3%,sexual coercion rate was 11.0%,injury prevalence was 14.5% among dating students.Above 50% students had experienced at least two types of dating violence.Bidirectional violence was the most frequent pattern in psychological or physical violence,and perpetrator-only was the most frequent pattern in sexual coercion.Compared to male students,female students reported higher rates and frequencies of perpetration of psychological and physical violence,lower rates and frequencies of victimization of psychological and physical violence.Whereas female students reported higher rate of victimization and lower rate of perpetration of sexual coercion.Conclusion For the high rate of dating violence among university students,early intervention should be conducted.


Purpose – One of the greatest challenges facing forensic practitioners is motivating offenders to engage in treatment. Possibly one of the hardest groups to engage and comply with prison regimes are young people in prison (YPP) aged 15‐17 years. Whilst there has been research interest in adult offender treatment motivation, little attention has been paid to motivation in imprisoned juveniles. The purpose of this paper is to report the adaptation of the existing adult motivational enhancement tool – the Personal Aspiration and Concerns Inventory for Offenders (PACI‐O) – for use with a YPP population and to explore the motivational effect of the PACI‐O‐YPV (Young Person's Version) on YPP.Design/methodology/approach – In total, 18 YPP took part, with nine participants each in the control and experimental groups. All participants completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and their prison regime status was recorded. The experimental group completed the PACI‐O‐YPV.Findings – Results showed YPP who compl...


The success of large-scale contextual language models has attracted great interest in probing what is encoded in their representations. In this work, we consider a new question: to what extent contextual representations of concrete nouns are aligned with corresponding visual representations? We design a probing model that evaluates how effective are text-only representations in distinguishing between matching and non-matching visual representations. Our findings show that language representations alone provide a strong signal for retrieving image patches from the correct object categories. Moreover, they are effective in retrieving specific instances of image patches; textual context plays an important role in this process. Visually grounded language models slightly outperform text-only language models in instance retrieval, but greatly under-perform humans. We hope our analyses inspire future research in understanding and improving the visual capabilities of language models.


The present paper aims to inquire some questions related to the remark of the contradictory in the case of preventive detention after the invention of the law no 12.403/11, trying especially to analyze the function of the custody hearing in this context, as a way of ensuring this right.


"Yes-I see more hope, both for ourselves as doctors and for the people who will come under our care, in the future of medicine than perhaps in any other single thing in the new world towards which we are hacking our way. We at least have not-yet-forfeited the trust of people for whom we work; we at least have not-yet-turned inwards in despair, bartering our spirit of adventure for a mere hope of security. We stand for sane knowledge, selflessness, and mercy in a world gone mad. We cannot let down these people who trust our piofession, and it is in this firm resolve that we shall face the future of medicine."


The present invention provides a portable terminal apparatus and a method for operating a menu. Menu operation method comprising: displaying on a touch screen includes a plurality of divided areas of the list items, wherein the items corresponding to the plurality of formed in each of the divided region; identified in the first and second positions at one user gesture, the different from the second position to the first position; and the identified operation corresponding to the position of the menu, wherein the first position of the divided area on the touch screen preset for providing a first service associated with the item in the divided area of the formed a first menu, and the second position in the divided region on the touch screen preset for providing a second service associated with the item in the divided regions formed in the second menu, the first service and the second service different.


Objective To establish the quality standards for compound Shatagan Oral Liquid. Methods Chuanxiong Rhizoma was identified by TLC. The content of ferulic acid was determined by HPLC. Separation was performed on a Diamonsil C18 column(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-1% acetic acid solution in gradient elution(0-5 min, 35% methanol;5-8 min, 35%→23% methanol;8-22 min, 23% methanol) at 30 ℃;The flow rate was 1.0 m L/min;The injection volume was 5 μL;The detection wavelength was 322 nm. Results Ferulic acid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.039 4-0.630 0 μg(r =0.999 7, n =7). The average recovery was 98.22% and RSD was 2.62%(n =6). Conclusion The method is reliable, sensitive and with repeatability, which can be used as the quality control method for compound Shatagan Oral Liquid.


Near edge x‐ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAS) has been used to study bonding in Ti/Zr/Hf (hereafter TM) Si oxynitrides and silicates. Comparisons between O K1 and N K1 spectra are particularly informative since O and N anti‐bonding molecular orbitals (MO) display distinct features from nearest‐ and next‐nearest‐neighbor TM and Si atoms. MO TM‐atom spectral features are qualitatively different in TM silicates and Si oxynitrides. NEXAS studies of TM silicates identity chemical phase separation (CPS) into TM‐dioxides and SiO2 for annealing to 900°C.


Compact oscillating devices can be realized by exploiting the insulator-to-metal transition of VO 2 (IMT). Coupled oscillators can be locked in frequency and phase through connections realized with resistors or capacitors. Oscillatory neural networks based on VO 2 devices are researched as neuromorphic computing hardware for image recognition applications [1] , [2] . Physical demonstrations of large networks of coupled oscillators are yet hindered by the device-to-device variability [3] . In this work, we present a frequency-injection scheme which allows additional tuning and control of the oscillator network comprising non-ideal VO 2 devices.


Small amounts of dinitrochlorohenzene (DNCB) in capsule from were fed to 63 adult male volunteers, following which these subjects and 60 control subjects were simultaneously subjected to a sensitizing series of topical applications of the same compound. After sensitization had been achieved, the level of sensitivity was inferred from a quantitative test series. Small amounts of DNCB appeared to have no effect on subsequent sensitization. When more than 20 mgm DNCB were given by mouth, however, a significant decrease in the ultimate level of sensitivity was seen.


Two methods for quantitative measurements of bone biopsies were compared and the reproducibility of results as well as the time required evaluated. The use of an eyepiece in order to perform point counting and registration of linear intersections seems to be accurate enough and much more rapid in comparison to the use of an electronically monitored x--y plotter.


Change in optical transmittance of silica photomask glass, synthesized by flame hydrolysis of SiCl4, was measured in situ under KrF exima laser irradiation. Photoabsorbance at 215 nm has a peak at 2-3×103 pulse irradiation. The transmittance after cessation of the irradiation recovers having two relaxation times of approximately 10 and 100 s. The maximum absorbance decreases with increasing OH content in the glass. The 0.4th power dependence of the absorbance on the laser power density ( frequency×intensity) is explained by assuming that the saturated absorbance is proportional to the degree of the E′ center formation reaction, and is reciprocal to that of the OHC related 1.9 eV photoemission reaction.


Reliability assessments are generally carried out via tests. When a complex system has no opportunity to experience a system-level test, Modelling & Simulations (M&S) will be the only approach to assess the system reliability, and the Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) for M&S becomes one of the most important techniques. With a method named Quantification of Margin and Uncertainty (QMU), reliability could be assessed as to make decisions whether the indices have reached the demands. With our newly proposed UQ method, QMU could be effectively actualized based on M&S. With an example of reliability assessment for a stockpiled product, the main ideas and the implementation of QMU are demonstrated. Keywordsmodelling & simulation;uncertainty quantification; calibration; verification & validation; reliability assessment.


The reaction of FeI2, with (Me3NCH2Ph)I in CH2Cl2 and with Ph3PS in toluene (molar ratios 1:1) yields (Me3NCH2Ph)2Fe2I6 (1) and Fe2I6(SPPh3)2·C6H5CH3 (2), respectively. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 895.7(2), b = 1400.5(2), c = 1360.6(3) pm. β = 95.82(2)°, Z = 2. The anion of 1, Fe2I62-, has edge-sharing double-tetrahedra. The bridging and terminal F e - I bond lengths were found to be 269.9/270.7 and 260.3/258.6 pm, respectively (Fe-Fe: 358.2 pm). 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̄ with a = 987.6(1), b = 1119.3(1), c = 1159.4(1) pm, α = 101.10(1), β = 99.15(1), γ = 102.83(1)°, Z = 1. The molecules of 2 consist of centrosymmetric dinuclear Fe2I2 units (like for Fe2I62- in 1), with F e - I distances of 266.4 and 273.4 pm. The distorted tetrahedra around Fe are completed by an iodide ion (Fe-I: 256.9 pm) and Ph3PS with the sulfur as donor atom. The Fe-Fe distance was found to be 339.7 pm.


Abstract: Given coordination problems between power generation and ecological flow regulation, a limited compensative operation method of cascade reservoirs was proposed. In this paper, total power generation of cascade reservoirs was decided by cascade storage energy. On the basis of maximizing cascade storage energy, a long-term optimal operation model was developed with maximizing energy production as the objective function and ecological flow as a constraint. The simulation-based optimization algorithm was adopted to optimize operation rules. And the ecological flow constraint was satisfied by regulating minimum release of each reservoir. The Lancang River cascade reservoirs were used as case study. Simulation results show that the proposed method can meet the requirements of ecological flow and maximize comprehensive benefits with reliable generation benefits.


Investigate the aerodynamic features of ground-mounted solar trackers under atmospheric boundary layer flows. Study and identify the aerodynamical interactions of solar trackers when they are displayed as an array.


The effects of humidity, temperature, and ozone concentration on the ozone fading of a number of blue anthraquinone dyes on nylon yarns have been studied before and after steam heat-setting. Disperse and basic dyes were found to be sensitive to the presence of atmospheric ozone at high humidity, whereas acid dyes were, in general, less sensitive. The rate of fading varied for different dyes within each of these three classes. The effect of fiber properties on the degree of fading was also studied, and the results illustrate the importance of dye diffusion in the ozone fading phenomenon.


Spectral imaging has recently been introduced in the biomedical field as a noninvasive, quantitative means of studying biological tissues. Many of its potential applications have been demonstrated (in vitro and, to a lesser degree, in vivo) with the use of stains or dyes. Successful translation to the clinical environment has been largely lagging, due to safety considerations and regulatory limitations preventing use of contrast agents in humans. We report experiments showing the feasibility of high-resolution spectral imaging of breast cancer without the use of contrast agents, thus completing the continuum of translational research, to in vivo imaging that will be directly applicable in the clinical environment. Our initial work focused on image acquisition using Fourier transform microinterferometry and subsequent segmentation of both stained and unstained breast cancer slides-derived image sets. We then applied our techniques to imaging fresh unstained ex vivo specimens of rat breast cancer and sentinel lymph nodes. We also investigated multiple methods of classification to optimize our image analyses, and preliminary results for the best algorithm tested yielded an overall sensitivity of 96%, and a specificity of 92% for cancer detection. Using spectral imaging and classification techniques, we were able to demonstrate that reliable detection of breast cancer in fixed and fresh unstained specimens of breast tissue is possible.


Despite the increasing body of procedural justice research studying individuals involved in the criminal justice system, this strand of literature has used different approaches to measure procedural justice and legitimacy. The present study assesses the different theoretical assumptions of these approaches across two criminal justice settings, namely, policing and courts. In addition, we examine how procedural justice stemming from interactions with police officers and judges is related to legitimacy and reoffending behavior postrelease. Using data on adult detainees who entered Dutch pretrial detention centers, our findings support the theoretical assumptions regarding procedural justice and felt obligation to obey the law in both criminal justice settings. Furthermore, path analyses show that perceptions of procedural justice arising from encounters with police officers and judges are related to a higher sense of obligation to obey the law, which in turn is associated with a lower risk of reoffending.


0 (Some notation has been changed from the original paper). This iterative calculation method seems to be practical for estimating age composition, but the mathematical examination of this method was insufficient. Kimura and Chikuni2) introduced the iterated agelength key method (IALK) in the form of an algorithm. This method combines the age-length key and distribution mixture methods, and is applicable when the standard age-length key is not. Kimura and Chikuni2) showed that the IALK algorithm is an application of the EM algorithm3) to mixtures of empirical distributions, and gave conditions for which the algorithm can be expected to converge to the unique maximum likelihood estimates. The EM algorithm was found to be


draws on the political philosophy underpinning his analysis of adult education. The book's third major argument is the most trenchant and amounts to a proposal to invoke deliberative democracy in further education college governance. The self-governance conferred upon colleges by the further and higher education Act in 1992 involves boards of governors that have little democratic accountability, albeit that the appointed members are often from a range of interests. Such autonomy and deliberation, Hopkins argues, are insufficient if education is to be understood as a public good. More local democratic input is necessary. Governing boards should be subject to representative election across a wider range of stakeholder groups than at present, amounting to an electoral college. And the concept of deliberative democracy should include that those affected can participate in the deliberation in ways that extend beyond voting for governors. There is much else in this book that would interest its audience of teachers and educators in the field, including passing analyses of relevant policy positions, and passing ideas for exploring citizenship in particular courses. But its significant achievement is that all these are in service to offering a theoretical framework in which the general question of citizenship education in further and adult education can be explored.


Developments in mammalian cell culture and recombinant technology has allowed for the production of recombinant proteins for use as human therapeutics. Mammalian cell culture is typically operated at the physiological temperature of 37 C. However, recent research has shown that the use of low-temperature conditions (30-33C) as a platform for cell-culture results in changes in cell characteristics, such as increased specific productivity and extended periods of cell viability, that can potentially improve the production of recombinant proteins. Furthermore, many recent reports have focused on investigating low-temperature mammalian cell culture of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, one of the principal cell-lines used in industrial production of recombinant proteins. Exposure to low ambient temperatures exerts an external stress on all living cells, and elicits a cellular response. This cold-stress response has been observed in bacteria, plants and mammals, and is regulated at the gene level. The exact genes and molecular mechanisms involved in the cold-stress response in prokaryotes and plants have been well studied. There are also various reports that detail the modification of cold-stress genes to improve the characteristics of bacteria or plant cells at low temperatures. However, there is very limited information on mammalian cold-stress genes or the related pathways governing the mammalian coldstress response. This project seeks to investigate and characterise cold-stress genes that are differentially expressed during low-temperature culture of CHO cells, and to relate them to the various changes in cell characteristics observed in low-temperature culture of CHO cells. The gene information can then be used to modify CHO cell-lines for improved performance in the production of recombinant proteins.


- CONTEMPORARY STORY ABOUT THE JAMAICA COMMUNITY BY STAN CULLIMORE - EXPLANATION/REPORT TEXT AND ALPHABETIC REFERENCE SECTION BY FIONA MACDONALD - A SWAHILI LEGEND BY ROSALIND KERVEN


PURPOSE: To obtain a vacuum siphon for childbirth by installing a soft, liner on a fringe part of a cup where the tissues of the mother and the scalp of the fetus contact. CONSTITUTION: A vacuum siphon for childbirth has a substantially bell-like vacuum cup 10 equipped with a relatively thin fringe dilating outside, a main body thicker than the fringe and the base connected to a hollow stem 12. The vacuum siphon is equipped with an open end for the stem 12 to be linked to the vacuum source and a handle 14 to facilitate the function of the vacuum siphon. The vacuum siphon further has a flexible liner equipped with an outside bead positioned on the fringe dilating outside of the cup 10, to be engaged with the fringe, and the liner is inserted within the cup. At the bottom of the cup the base is installed to be fixed. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


In this paper, we consider the problem of designing distributed controller for networks of dynamic systems called decomposable systems with switching network topologies. Exploiting certain structural property associated with state space matrices of these systems, a modal decomposition approach is used to design a distributed controller that has the same interconnection structure as the networks in each instance; i.e. controller structure changes according to network topologies without any delay. An explicit expression for computing the controller parameters is derived using LMI approach under H2 or H∞ criteria with D-stability property. Moreover, a simple sufficient condition for the existence of such a controller is provided that ensures the stability of the network with any arbitrary switching provided that the networks switch among a finite set of admissible topologies. The simulations results are provided to support the theoretical development.


Among major benefits private labels bring to the retailer, we focus on the retailer's ability to coordinate the prices of both the national brand and its store brand counterpart. By using product-line pricing, the retailer can exploit the differentiated nature of the two brands. This paper investigates the retailer's problem of positioning her private label and the subsequent pricing issues. While most previous studies concentrate either on vertical (i.e., quality) or horizontal (i.e., trade dress) differentiation, we view the private label's differentiation from the national brand as a combination of the two. In contrast to the location theory literature, which generally suggests maximum differentiation in both dimensions as the best strategy for the retailer, our results are mixed: when the two dimensions are considered separately, the retailer's profit is maximized by minimum vertical differentiation and maximum horizontal differentiation. However, when the two dimensions are correlated, the retailer is generally better off increasing its quality up to the level of the national brand, provided that the quality cost is negligible. We also extend the model to the case of two national brands, and show that the private label's optimal level of differentiation depends on the existing differentiation between the two brands.


The banking system touches the lives of millions and has to be inspired by the larger socioeconomic purpose and has to sub-serve the national priorities and objectives. Within the banking institutions, the role of commercial banks has occupied a new meaning and significance, in the view of the changing structure and requirements of a developing economy like India. The growth of agriculture is an important pre-requisite, not only for the reasons of food security, but, also in terms of forward and backward linkages that the agriculture sector has with the rest of the sectors of the economy. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the performance of commercial banksin financing agriculture sector in India. The secondary datahas been used and collected from the various relevant issues of RBI. The exponential growth rate has been calculated to assess the performance of banks in lending to agriculture sector. The behavior of interyear as well as inter-bank disparities is explained with the help of co-efficient of variation. The performance banks in agriculture credit has been compared with the help of t-testThe study points out that, agriculture credit grew at a lower rate during the second vis-à-vis first phase in both the bank groups. It was also found that, on an average, the prescribed target of agriculture credit was not achieved by banks during the first and second phase. One important issue of concern is the almost stagnant share of agriculture credit in net bank credit over a period of time, which needs immediate attention of the policy makers. The banks also, on an average, failed to achieve the stipulated target of agricultural lending during the first as well as second phase. The study recommends that the banking sector, especially public sector banks, should lead efforts to expand inclusion as private sector initiatives to do so are likely to be curtailed by their objective of maximizing shareholder profit rather than optimizing stakeholder


Propeller shaft and energy storage assembly, in order to accumulate energy in the energy storage device includes a first power transmission mechanism for selectively drivingly interconnecting the propeller shaft and energy storage device. Second power transmission mechanism is operable to selectively holding and releasing the energy stored in the energy storage device. Third power transfer mechanism, when the vehicle acceleration is desired, to selectively drivingly interconnect the energy storage device and the propeller shaft.


With the continuous development of China's economy, the competition among enterprises in various industries is becoming fiercer, the construction industry is no exception, and how to improve their competitive advantages in the fierce competition is the main problem of current construction enterprises. Implementing supply chain management in construction enterprises can effectively improve the competitiveness of enterprises and help enterprises achieve economic benefits. The management level of the supply chain has a great impact on the quality of construction projects and has certain risks, construction enterprise must guard against these management risks. This paper analyzes and discusses these problems.


D uring the past decade, a rising chorus has called for major reforms in how we teach science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Part of the impetus for those reforms comes from concerns over growing numbers of students leaving the sciences, the eroding stature of the United States in the sciences compared with countries such as China and India, and also losses of personnel to fields such as biotechnology. In response to such pressures, one path to reform is the development of educational practices that explicitly engage students while enhancing how they learn science. These practices, including inquiry-based laboratory exercises and peer instruction, find empirical support from studies that help to explain the underlying psychological processes that are integral to learning science or other technical subjects. The monograph How People Learn, issued in 2000 by the National Academy of Sciences, further supports approaches in which students are actively engaged in the learning process. Meanwhile, the National Science Foundation and various nongovernment foundations support curricular innovation in the sciences. When it comes to reforming a science curriculum, however, innovation is not enough. Thus, despite spotty reform efforts, U.S. colleges and universities are generally proving slow to change their educational practices. Departments need to be ready for change and then need to develop and implement a vision if those reforms are to take hold. Instead of doing so, too many instructors, particularly those teaching introductory science courses, continue to stupefy their students with rote information. Further, undergraduate curricula in the sciences typically remain an afterthought to research agendas. Thus, we need to understand what makes some reform efforts successful to improve the chances of disseminating these successes to other institutions.


Swift proliferation in Instant Messaging (IM) applications, installed on Smartphone, has made it a target of the attacker to conduct crimes such as cyber stalking, threatening etc. It is possible to exploit Instant Messaging applications, owing to the presence of vulnerabilities such as sensitive data capture, weak cryptography etc. It has fuelled the need of conducting forensic analysis of IM applications through classifying these vulnerabilities. This paper focuses on performing forensic analysisx of IM Application on Android platform by identifying and classifying vulnerabilities such as sensitive data capture, weak cryptography etc. An approach is proposed using Machine Learning Methodology combined with the Genetic Algorithm to conduct forensic analysis. Further the developed approach has been applied on Line messenger to test its' accuracy. It is examined that 12% features in Line Messenger are vulnerable.


The development of social and environmental issues within organizations can be transformed into business opportunities, contributing to is he improvement of the quality of life of stakeholders and to the sustainability of natural resources. Given that agribusiness is the main engine of the Brazilian economy, with great relevance in the world food supply, this has an important role in food demand for the coming decades and the challenge of consolidating more sustainable production systems that are in line with the global expectation of a increasingly demanding public. In this way the study of environmental aspects as components of the strategic planning of agribusiness organizations is of great relevance. The objective of this work is to identify which environmental aspects have been addressed by an organization of relevance in the national agribusiness in order to increase the sustainability of the activities of this sector, to emphasize the relevance of the environmental component in the agrifood organizational planning, besides identifying points for improvement by the introduction of concepts such as eco-efficiency and environmental management. Bunge is one of the main agribusiness companies in the world, exerting great influence in the communities in witch it operates. In Brazil, it is among the country's leading agribusiness, food and bioenergy companies, leading the volume of exports between 2006 and 2016. By analyzing previous studies and the company's most recent Sustainability Report (2017) one can identify the implementation of concepts established within strategic environmental planning as a well-structured sustainability policy, certifications, eco-efficiency principles and innovation. The company acts to anticipate global marketing demands and seeks to raise awareness of agents at all levels of the value chain. Through the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that a company is a pioneer in actions of social and environmental sustainability in its respective markets for actions that can be improved, such as the management of a company specialized in long-term operations of the company.


Objective: To provide a method rapidly developing the Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, we research on the education reform with virtual experiment. Methods: Virtual experiments are introduced to many courses. Students are encouraged and trained to develop their own virtual experiments. The department cooperates with companies to establish the platform of training VR talents and developing 3D virtual experiments. Results: Through those measures, teaching quality has been greatly improved, students' innovation ability has been enhanced significantly, and cooperation with enterprise has got remarkable achievements. Conclusion: The results testified the mode of education reform with virtual experiment in the Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering is successful and applicable.


Playing an important role in Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL), environment models aim to predict future states based on the past. Existing works usually ignore instantaneous dependence in the state, that is, assuming that the future state variables are conditionally independent given the past states. However, instantaneous dependence is prevalent in many RL environments. For instance, in the stock market, instantaneous dependence can exist between two stocks because the fluctuation of one stock can quickly affect the other and the resolution of price change is lower than that of the effect. In this paper, we prove that with few exceptions, ignoring instantaneous dependence can result in suboptimal policy learning in MBRL. To address the suboptimality problem, we propose a simple plug-and-play method to enable existing MBRL algorithms to take instantaneous dependence into account. Through experiments on two benchmarks, we (1) confirm the existence of instantaneous dependence with visualization; (2) validate our theoretical findings that ignoring instantaneous dependence leads to suboptimal policy; (3) verify that our method effectively enables reinforcement learning with instantaneous dependence and improves policy performance.


This study examines the impact of a parent's death on infant and child mortality up to the age of 5 in the 19th century. Utilizing data from the Utah Population Data Basefrom 1850 -1920, infant and child survival are examined in a Cox Model with non-proportional effects. During infancy years, the results show death of either parent has a major impact on the survival chances of infants. The death of the mother has the largest impact on child survival likelihood. The impact of parent death is mitigated with child age and presence of siblings over age 10.


This article is based on an analysis of some 1200 Dutch egodocuments (a third of which are autobiographies and diaries) of the period 1500–1850, both manuscript and printed. The development of the way parents wrote about children, and the way adults looked back on their childhood years can only be understood if the development of these genres are taken into account. One important aspect is that most of these texts were written for the children of the authors, and intended as a link between generations.Until around 1800 the authors showed little interest in their early years. They viewed this period of life as too trivial to write about. The generation of authors born around 1780, writing during the second quarter of the nineteenth century, was the first to value their childhood more highly. This was stimulated by a growing sense of individuality and changes in autobiographical writing in general.As can be learned from their autobiographies, these authors were the first to ask questions about their memory....


A braking device for a linear drive, comprising a support body (1) which may be moved along a guide rail (2) including brake blocks acting thereon and a brake piston (8) placed in a brake cylinder (9) of said support body (1) so that it is moved by a pressurised fluid. Said braking device also comprises, as the braking energy accumulator, a compression spring (11) acting on said pressurised fluid of which the volume is limited by said brake piston (8). According to the invention, a piston-cylinder assembly is provided between said compression spring (11) and said brake piston (8), with a unitary control element comprising, in a control pressure chamber (4), a large-diameter moveable control piston (5) facing said pressure spring (11), and, in a high-pressure chamber (3), a small-diameter moveable high-pressure piston facing said brake piston (8), wherein a pressurised fluid connecting element is arranged on said support body (1) for feeding said pressurised fluid into said control pressure chamber (4).


Number of Words: 3711 (includes title, abstract, body, references) List of Tables and Figures: Table 1. Selection of results from the Driving Experience Questionnaire. Kilometers/year and days/year were used to determine the driving experience category. Figure 1. Aerial-view schematic of a complex intersection. Changes could occur in the circled regions to the left, center or right of the intersection. The dark shaded circle and arrow represent the participant. Figure 2. Average proportions (left) and reaction times (right) of the correct detections of the type of change (+/SE). Experienced drivers detected more new vehicle changes than did the inexperienced drivers. Figure 3. Average proportions (left) and reaction times (right) of the correct direction detection (+/SE). Experienced drivers detected more changes to the left than did inexperienced drivers.


An image display apparatus, a control signal generating apparatus, an image display controlling method, and a computer program are provided to suppress burn-in by performing an alternate switching of positive and negative polarities in a display operation of the same signal processing pairs. An image display apparatus includes a display unit, an image signal processing unit(101) and an AC(Alternating Current) driving controller(121). The display unit includes a liquid crystal panel(124). The image signal processing unit performs a signal processing based on image display states in the display unit. The AC driving controller receives the result of the signal processing of the image signal processing unit and controls image display by adjusting voltage, which is supplied to the liquid crystal panel included in the display unit. The AC driving controller performs an alternate switching of positive and negative polarities for every the same signal processing pairs.


Objective: To observe the clinical effect on simple renal hematuria treated by Zishen Huayu Qingli Decoction.Methods: 62 patients of simple renal hematuria,which accorded with the Inclusion criteria,were randomly assigned to two groups,47 cases in treatment group,15 cases in control group.The control group was treated with routine west medicine,the reatment group were treated with Zishen Huayu Qingli Decoction,three times a day,two weehks for a course of treatment.The clinical effect was evaluated by the total scores of symptoms and the changes of red blood cells in urine.Results: The cure rate and effective rate was 55.32%,total effective rate was 97.87% in the treatment group,while those in the control group were 26.67%,66.67% respectively,showing significant differences between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion: Zishen Huayu Qingli Decoction has an excellent clinical efficacy for simple renal hematuria and has a better improvement for the clinical symptoms compared to routine west medcine.