In this article, we introduce a new configuration of the Met Office convective‐scale ensemble for numerical weather prediction, for the Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System over the United Kingdom (MOGREPS‐UK). The new version, which became operational in March 2019, uses an hourly time‐lagged configuration to take advantage of the hourly 4D‐Var data assimilation run in the deterministic UK model with variable horizontal resolution, the UKV. An 18‐member ensemble is created by running three members every hour and time‐lagging these over a 6 hr window. This configuration is compared against the previous operational configuration, a 6‐hourly convective‐scale ensemble running 12 members. The main benefits of the time‐lagged ensemble are to increase the ensemble size, to add small‐scale uncertainties in the initial conditions and to generate more timely forecasts. The time‐lagged configuration is shown to objectively improve the forecast at all lead times, with larger improvements in the first few hours. The improvement is seen in the ranked probability scores and is mainly associated with the improvements in the spread of the ensemble with an increase of about 5 to 10% in both summer and winter seasons. A larger ensemble size is necessary in the time‐lagged configuration for it to outperform or maintain as good a performance against the previous 6‐hourly configuration for all lead times. Alongside the update to an hourly configuration, the forecast length is more than doubled to 120 hr. Objective verification shows that the time‐lagged configuration performs better than the high‐resolution deterministic, UKV, and the global ensemble, MOGREPS‐G, up to T + 120 hr. Increasing the size of the time‐lagged ensemble through lagging over additional cycles leads to small but significant improvements, larger in most cases than those that can be obtained through neighbourhood processing.


The present magnetic lock is operated by a key including control magnets. For this purpose a locking bar is radially shiftable in a locking cylinder in a housing. Magnetic rotors release or lock the locking bar which is spring biased toward the magnetic rotors. A spring biased control member is shiftable into a locking channel of the locking bar. The control member is equipped with entraining elements which engage the locking bar.


Polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes are observed to present an onset of the insulator-to-conductor transition through previous experimental studies. In this work, numerical simulations based on Monte Carlo method are performed to investigate the percolation threshold. The conductive fillers are modeled as a three dimensional (3D) network of identical units dispersed in the polymer matrix. However, the distribution of the fibers is not uniform due to the existence of the emulsion particles. The effects of the aspect ratio and fiber length on the critical volume fraction are studied. Linearization is made to the logarithm of simulation results. The calculated critical volume fraction is used in the power-law function to predict the electrical conductivity of the polymer composites. The results from the homogeneous model (without emulsion particles) and the model containing emulsion particles are compared. The effects of the size and the geometrical variation of the emulsion particles are evaluated.


Classical trajectories studies in Cartesian coordinates are applied to analyze Coriolis coupling for the energy transfer in H2O + Ar process. Vibrational energies equal to 50 kcal/mol and 100 kcal/mol for initial rotational temperatures in the range 298–30,000 K are used as initial conditions. Initial translational temperatures for the incoming atom are selected in the same way. Effects of rotational and translational temperatures at different initial conditions are also investigated in the molecular vibrational relaxation process. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006


Gate-type self-sealing regulator feed control valves are being used in dual-purpose power plants operating at supercritical parameters. These valves are simple to manufacture and operate, have relatively low hydraulic resistance, and are easy to regulate and are not susceptible to fouling but they do not perform well under large pressure gradients. Methods are discussed for improving the performance of these valves under a range of pressure differentials.


Objective: Aim was to compare the visual results of patients who received ECCE and phacoemulsification for the treatment of age-related cataracts. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration: Conducted at Jinnah International Hospital during from Jan, 2021 to Dec, 2021. Methods:There were 130 patients of both genders presented for cataract surgery. Patients were aged between 35-75 years.When patients signed an informed permission form, demographic information such as age and sex were recorded. Patients were equally divided in two groups. Group I received phacoemulsification (phaco) cataract surgery and group II received conventional extracapsular cataract extraction. Intraoperative and post-operative complication among cases was assessed. At last follow up best corrected visual acuity was assessed and compared among both groups. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze complete data. Results:Among 130 cases, majority of the cases 85 (65.4%) were males and 45 (34.6%) were females. 15 (11.5%) patients were aged between 35-45 years, 45 (34.6%) patients were aged between 46-55 years, 38 (29.2%) were aged between 56-6 years and 32 (24.6%) had age > 65years. Post-operative we found significantly good vision among patients of phaco group in 54 (83.1%) cases as compare to group II in 31 (47.7%) cases. Frequency of intraoperative complications was higher in group II 9 (13.8%) as compared to group I 3 (4.6%) cases. Post-operative complications in group I was corneal decompensation, high astigmatism and posterior capsule opacity but in group II high astigmatism and corneal decompensation were the complications. Conclusion:We came to the conclusion that the visual outcome was considerably better in the Phaco operation compared to the ECCE technique (p = 0.003). As a result, we advocate for the provision of Phaco equipment in hospitals that have sufficient capabilities for the performance of intraocular surgery. Keywords:PhacoemulsificationSurgery, Extracapsular cataract extraction, Complications, Vision Acuity


The Barakar sandstone of Chirimiri (Kurasia) coalfield includes complete or truncated sedimentary cycles, some of which commence with pebbly gritty coarse sandstone and, fining upwards through coarse cross bedded sandstone, end up with carbonaceous siltstone or coal seam. Among the primary depositional structures, ripple drift, trough and tabular cross bedded sets and cosets are common. These structures have been described from the genetic and hydrodynamic viewpoints. Erosional structures occurring in the sandstone include channels, scour-and-fill, potholes and flute casts. A paleocurrent analysis based on 88 cross bedding azimuths reveals the preponderance of two depositional current systems - the main current system which flowed from southeast, and a tributary system flowing from east-northeast. An increase in cross bedding variability at higher sampling levels reflects the meandering behaviour of depositing currents. A sedimentary analysis of the sandstone sequence suggests that the Barakar sedimentation in this coalfield was controlled, perhaps right from the beginning, by periodic tectonic uplifts of the granitoid landmass located to the east and southeast. It is suggested each tectonic uplift resulted in the deposition of a fining-upwards fluvial cycle.


Purpose of review The aim of this study was to discuss how recent work has increased our understanding of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD). The investigation of large and autopsy-confirmed cohorts, imaging modalities to assess different aspects of pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes and the application of advanced machine learning techniques, have led to recent advances in the field that will be discussed. Recent findings Literature over the past 18 months will be discussed under the following themes: studies assessing how different neuroimaging modalities can improve the diagnosis of PSP and CBD from other neurodegenerative and parkinsonian disorders, including the investigation of pathological targets such as tau, iron, neuromelanin and dopamine and cholinergic systems; work improving our understanding of clinical, neuroanatomical and pathological heterogeneity in PSP and CBD; and work using advanced neuroimaging tools to investigate patterns of disease spread, as well as biological mechanisms potentially driving spread through the brain in PSP and CBD. Summary The findings help improve the imaging-based diagnosis of PSP and CBD, allow more targeted prognostic estimates for patients accounting for phenotype or disease, and will aid in the development of appropriate and better-targeted disease biomarkers for clinical treatment trials.


Performance evaluation of green supply chains (GSC) is an important tool to improve their comprehensive management. Identifying critical indicators is crucial to evaluation. This study examines the critical indicators in performance evaluations of GPC and provides relevant suggestions for managers to improve GSCs' performances. Firstly, we summarized 24 evaluation indicators from five dimensions—financial value, customer service-level, business processes, innovation and development, and the so-called green level. Secondly, the Delphi method was used to determine the formal research framework. The fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory based analytic network process (fuzzy DEMATEL-based ANP) model was applied. The weighted prominence of each indicator was calculated to identify those that were critical, and a causality diagram was constructed for them. Finally, corresponding countermeasures and implications regarding those were put forward. The research results show that the critical indicators include the return rate of net assets, the growth rate of profit, the rate of service satisfaction, market share, production flexibility, and the green consensus. Among them, the green consensus, the growth rate of profit and the rate of service satisfaction form a virtuous circle, leading to the improvement of the overall performance of GSC.


Central to Response to Intervention (RTI) is the analysis of progress monitoring (PM) data to determine the need for an instructional change (IC). This study examined the extent to which performance feedback (PF) increased the procedural integrity (PI) of a decision rule, indicated by the percentage of correct decisions to make an IC or continue instruction. Three teachers received a brief training in regards to a decision rule. Teachers were asked to analyze PM data of students in their reading intervention group weekly and indicate whether an IC was necessary. The brief training led to initial relatively high levels of PI for two of the three teachers. However, the addition of PF was effective in increasing the percentage of correct IC decisions for two of the three teachers, as evidenced by visual analysis. The results suggest a brief training about the decision rule, monitoring of teachers' initial PI, and providing brief weekly PF to teachers with low to moderate percentages may improve data analysis within an RTI system.


The crystallization kinetics of amorphous Sm8Fe85Si2C5 alloy has been investigated. As the alloy is heated to 900 °C, the crystalline phases of the alloy are composed of α-Fe phase and Sm2(Fe, Si)17Cx. At the beginning of crystallization the activation energy of the α-Fe phase is about 425 kJ/mol, it remains relatively constant as the crystallized fraction of the α-Fe phase is below 70%, and then it declines with increasing the crystallized fraction. When the crystallized fraction of the Sm2(Fe, Si)17Cx is below 50%, the activation energy of crystallization of the phase remains between 518 and 530 kJ/mol, and then decreases with the crystallized fraction. The crystallization behavior of the α-Fe phase and Sm2(Fe, Si)17Cx essentially results in the formation of an α-Fe/Sm2(Fe, Si)17Cx composite microstructure with a coarse grain size in annealed Sm8Fe85Si2C5 alloy, which is attributed to a difficult nucleation and an easy growth for both the α-Fe phase and Sm2(Fe, Si)17Cx in the alloy. Cu and Nb can be use...


Karl Cordell (ed.), Ethnicity and Democratisation in the New Europe. London: Routledge, 1999. Pp.223. $27.99 ISBN 0 4151 7312 4 Dov Ronen and Anton Pelinka, The Challenge of Ethnic Conflict, Democracy and Self‐Determination in Central Europe. London: Frank Cass, 1997. Pp.158. $45.00 ISBN 0 7146 4752 7 Ilona Lackova (ed. Milena Hubschmannova), A False Dawn: My Life as a Gypsy Woman in Slovakia. Hatfield, Hertfordshire: University of Hertfordshire Press. Pp.230. £11.99 ISBN 1 9028 0600 X Andy R. Brown, Political Languages of Race and the Politics of Exclusion, Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999, Pp.xxx + 341. $79.95. ISBN 1 8401 4516 1 Jonathan Olsen, Nature and Nationalism: Right‐Wing Ecology and the Politics of Identity in Contemporary Germany. New York: St Martin's Press, 1999, Pp.198. $45.00 ISBN 0 3122 2071 5 Edward G. DeClair, Politics on the Fringe: The People, Policies, and Organization of the French National Front. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999, Pp.xiv + 261. $18.95 (pbk) ISBN 0 8223 2139 4, $49.95 (cloth) ISBN 0 8223 2237 4 Jan‐Bart Gewald, Herero Heroes. A Socio‐Political History of the Herero of Namibia 1890–1923. Oxford: James Currey; Cape Town: David Philip Publishers; Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1999. Pp.310. $22.95 ISBN 0 8525 5749 3 Melvyn C. Goldstein and Matthew T. Kapstein (eds.), Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet: Religious Revival and Cultural Identity. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1998. Pp.235. $40.00 (cloth) ISBN 0 5202 1130 8, $15.95 (pbk) ISBN 0 5202 1131 6 Robert K. Schaeffer, Severed States. Dilemmas of Democracy in a Divided World. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999. Pp.273. £12 (pbk) ISBN 0 8476 9335 X V.Y. Mudimbe (ed.), Nations, Identities, Cultures. Durham, NC, and London: Duke University Press, 1997. Pp.240. $17.95 ISBN 0 822 32065 7 Peter D. Stachura, Poland in the Twentieth Century. London: Macmillan Press, 1999. Pp.xv + 180. £ 40.00 ISBN 0 312 22027 8 Peter D. Stachura (ed.), Poland Between the Wars, 1918–1939. London: Macmillan Press, 1998. Pp.xii + 153. £40.00 ISBN 0 312 21680 7 Hilal Khashan, Arabs at the Crossroads: Political Identity and Nationalism. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2000. Pp.149. $49.95 ISBN 0 813 01737 8 Johannes Klotz and Ulrich Schneider (eds.), Die selbstbewußte Nation und ihr Geschichtsbild: Geschichtslegenden der neuen Rechten ‐ Faschismus/Holocaust/ Wehrmacht [The Self‐Conscious Nation and Its View of History: Historical Myths fo the New Right ‐ Fascism/Holocaust/Wehrmacht]. Cologne: PapyRossa‐Verlag 1997. Pp.221. DM28.00, SFR26.00 ÖS213.00 (paper) ISBN 3 894 38137


Abstract : New forms of decorative glazes for faience and stoneware were obtained on the basis of boron-containing and boron-free glazes by means of adding to them 0.6-30 percent coloring oxides, oxides facilitating crystallization, specially prepared dyes, and also pigments put out by the Kiev Experimental Artistic-Ceramic Plant. The best results were obtained on the basis of boron-free glazes with a given composition not to exceed 0.228 moles, oxides of alkaline earth metals - 0.772 moles with given ratio. (Author)


In this paper, we study the state estimation and optimal control (i.e., linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control) problems for networked control systems in which control inputs, observations, and packet acknowledgments are randomly lost. The packet acknowledgment is a signal that is sent from the actuator to inform the estimator whether the actuator has successfully received the control packets or not. For such systems, we obtain the optimal estimator, which is consisted of exponentially increasing terms. For the solvability of the optimal LQG problem, we come to a conclusion that even when the optimal LQG control exists, it is impossible and unnecessary to be obtained as its calculation is not only technically difficult but also computationally prohibitive. This issue motivates us to design a sub-optimal LQG controller for the underlying systems. We first develop a sub-optimal estimator by using the estimator gain in each term of the optimal estimator. Then we derive the suboptimal LQG controller and establish the conditions for stability of the closed-loop systems. Examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed design scheme.


A developmental process for fabricating 2 X 4 cm back surface field silicon solar cells featuring wraparound contacts and screen printed dielectric isolation is described. The process was then used to fabricate a number of cells for evaluation and study, as well as to establish the validity of the process sequence. While a number of cells exhibiting relatively good conversion efficiencies were produced, nearly all had low I-V curve factors for the level of efficiencies attained. Cells with conversion efficiencies of more than 15 percent (air mass zero and 25 C) had fill factors of only 0.76. Evidence as to the cause of this has not been conclusive, but is most probably linked to isolation failure in the wraparound dielectric and associated shunting problems.


Abstract Nosocomial infections are a serious problem not only in Slovakia but in all countries. The European Commission decided on their standardized surveillance in the whole European Union. According methodology elaborated by experts from the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in Stockholm we performed a point prevalence survey in the University Hospital Martin. Our observed prevalence of nosocomial infections in University Hospital Martin within the point prevalence study was 5.2%. The highest point prevalence of nosocomial infections was found at the Surgical Department (9.3%). The most common type of nosocomial infections was urological infections (27.3%), sepsis (22.7%) and surgical site infection (22.7%). The most common microorganisms isolated from the biological material were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Appropriate method of nosocomial infections surveillance is monitoring their prevalence in the point prevalence studies. International projects of nosocomial infections in the EU allow to compare the obtained results with other hospitals in the Member States.


Soil pollution is a threat to food security and ecological and human health. Cd is one of the most common pollutants in agricultural soil and, due its human toxicity, one of the most hazardous. Amaranth is a documented hyperaccumulator of Cd and other pollutants, and it is commonly grown in Asia and South America. A considerable amount of amaranth is grown in suboptimal conditions, including nutrient-poor acidic soils. The objective of this experimental study was to examine the capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to extract Cd from a nutrient-poor, acidic substrate that was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (2 and 20 mg kg−1 dw) during a period of 180 days. The plants grown in the substrate that was spiked with 20 mg Cd kg−1 dw did not develop into mature plants, but the plants grown in substrate that was spiked with 2 mg Cd kg−1 dw extracted a significant amount of Cd from the substrate by accumulating it into the above-ground biomass. The Cd levels varied from 113 to 176 mg kg−1 in the stems at the four measuring points, and from 64 to 94 mg kg−1 in the leaves. The concentrations in the plants increased with time and reached a maximal concentration of 176 ± 45 mg kg−1 dw for stems and 94 ± 41 mg kg−1 dw for leaves after 180 days. The mean bioaccumulation factor in the plants was 86 ± 15 after 90 days, 72 ± 12 after 120 days, 105 ± 37 after 150 days, and 99 ± 31 after 180 days, which confirms the previously reported capacity of Amaranthus hypochondriacus to hyperaccumulate Cd. Amaranthus hypochondriacus may, thus, be used to improve ecological and human health by remediating moderately Cd-polluted soils, even in nutrient-poor acidic soils.


Phytophthora infestans is able to produce oospores in leaves of potato and tomato plants after inoculation with a mixture of A1 and A2 mating-type isolates. Various conditions for oospore formation were analysed. Under controlled conditions, oospores were produced in potato leaves at temperatures ranging from 5 to 25 degrees C. In leaves of potato cultivar Bintje incubated at 15 degrees C, oogonia and antheridia were observed 6 days after inoculation and thick-walled oospores appeared 3-4 days later. In field experiments oospores were found in leaves and stems of potato cultivars Bintje, Irene and Pimpernel and in leaves, stems and fruits of tomato cultivar Moneymaker within 2 weeks after inoculation. A bioassay was developed to test the survival of oospores in soil under various conditions. To determine whether late-blight infections derived from infectious soil were caused by oospores, DNA fingerprinting was performed. DNA fingerprint probe RG-57 was suitable for distinguishing asexual progeny from recombinant progeny arising from soil-borne oospores. We demonstrated survival of viable, infectious oospores of P. infestans in soil during the winter of 1992-93. Oospores were not infectious from soil exposed to temperatures of 40 degrees C or higher but in the range 35 degrees C to as low as -80 degrees C for 48 h, oospores survived.


The National Gallery of Australia's Know My Name: Australian Women Artists 1900 to Now was a gender equity project which showcased more than 400 works by 170 women artists across the National Gallery of Australia (NGA) in a two part exhibition during 2020-2022. Alongside the exhibitions' were a number of other projects such as the display of works by women artists from the NGA collection on billboards and signage across the country, a major catalogue publication and an international conference. Know My Name (KMN) aimed to 'celebrate the work of all women artists to enhance understanding of their contribution to Australia's cultural life.' Yet to my mind, the physical exhibitions left little space to acknowledge the nuances embedded within the term 'woman', at the risk of reproducing reductive modes of representation and reinforcing the very gender binary that engenders essentialism and inequality. Within the term 'woman' there are hierarchies of race yet these stratifications are erased in Know My Name. In the first section of Part One of KMN, the display thematised as "Lineages and Remembering" aimed to problematise chronology and temporality, following no historical period or common style. Instead, the seemingly randomised hang claims to create a new 'lineage' based on diachrony, polyphony and numerous points of references. Hence Kate Beynon's circular Self-portrait with dragon spirits (2010) is hung next to Dora Chapman's Sunflower (1969) which is displayed adjacent to Bea Maddocks' Four finger exercise for two hands (1982). Moya Dyring's Melanctha (c.1934) is next to Yvette Coppersmith's Nude Self Portrait, after Rah Fizelle (2016) and so forth. In principle the lack of a systemised hang may represent a collapse of authority, inviting viewers to make their own connections, in practice without any curatorial guidance or attention, viewers are only left with the collective understanding that all the works displayed are expressions of femininity and womanhood. In so doing the multiple registers of interpretation operating within a single artwork are reduced to a single framework. Furthermore, all the works seem to operate on the same playing field. Yet as Indigenous scholars have pointed out, the playing field is riddled with


Contact with the Sassanids as well as nomad tribes such as the Huns taught the Byzantines the importance of cavalry, and in adopting these kinds of tactics they implemented the cataphract into their forces. The aim of this work is to assess the significance of cataphracts
and how this changed over nearly 500 years. I shall discuss how these units were employed in battle, whether they were physically or psychologically devastating to the enemy and how the historical context allowed or prevented them to be used. Scholars such as Haldon
and Decker agree that cataphracts went out of use during the 6th century in favour of lighter horsemen whose main armament was the bow, and that Cataphracts only re-appear
as an addition during the re-conquering of the east in the 10th century. My aim is to argue that while they were gradually displaced in favour of more mobile cavalry, they still were used mostly as foderati as this had been a common trend since the Notitia Dignitatum. They were simply unsustainable followed the loss of most of the rich eastern provinces following the Arab conquests in 7th century.


Background: The mechanism of melanopsin chromophore regeneration is poorly understood. Results: In situ melanopsin was partially bleached by high-intensity UV light or hydroxylamine and could be restored by cis-retinal only. Conclusion: Melanopsin resistance to light and UV bleaching is consistent with a bistable mechanism of chromophore regeneration. Significance: Further evidence suggests that melanopsin behaves as a bistable pigment in situ. Melanopsin is the photopigment of mammalian intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, where it contributes to light entrainment of circadian rhythms, and to the pupillary light response. Previous work has shown that the melanopsin photocycle is independent of that used by rhodopsin (Tu, D. C., Owens, L. A., Anderson, L., Golczak, M., Doyle, S. E., McCall, M., Menaker, M., Palczewski, K., and Van Gelder, R. N. (2006) Inner retinal photoreception independent of the visual retinoid cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 10426–10431). Here we determined the ability of apo-melanopsin, formed by ex vivo UV light bleaching, to use selected chromophores. We found that 9-cis-retinal, but not all-trans-retinal or 9-cis-retinol, is able to restore light-dependent ipRGC activity after bleaching. Melanopsin was highly resistant to both visible-spectrum photic bleaching and chemical bleaching with hydroxylamine under conditions that fully bleach rod and cone photoreceptor cells. These results suggest that the melanopsin photocycle can function independently of both rod and cone photocycles, and that apo-melanopsin has a strong preference for binding cis-retinal to generate functional pigment. The data support a model in which retinal is continuously covalently bound to melanopsin and may function through a reversible, bistable mechanism.


Traditional Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments glucose to ethanol rapidly and efficiently, but it is limited in its fermentation of pentose sugars (xylose and arabinose) to ethanol. For future sustainable and cost-efficient lignocellulosic biomass conversion to ethanol, there exist two major challenges: heterogeneous sugar utilization and stress tolerance in engineering microbial catalytic fermentors for bioethanol production. This chapter reviews the current knowledge on the composition and structure of lignocellulosic biomass, its pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification to simple sugars. It also discusses strain development of S. cerevisiae for efficient fermentation of the biomass-derived sugars to ethanol. Endoglucanase from Mucor circinelloides strain was found to have a wide pH stability and activity. There is an increasing demand for the development of thermostable, environmentally compatible products and for substrate-tolerant cellulases with increased specificity and activity for the application of converting cellulose to glucose for the fuel ethanol industry. Well-functioning hexose transporter family members maintain an easy flow of glucose uptake for the yeast and produce ethanol through glycolysis. Significant progress has been made recently for inhibitors generated from biomass pretreatment. The chapter focuses on the representative inhibitors furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Development of yeast strains that can efficiently utilize heterogeneous sugars and withstand stress conditions in the bioethanol process is key for sustainable, economic and cost-competitive industry dealing with lignocellulosic biomass conversion to ethanol. A comprehensive genomic engineering approach will allow to meet the challenges for efficient lignocellulosic biomass conversion to ethanol in the next decade and beyond.


Femoroplasty is the process of injecting cement (cement augmentation) into the proximal femur to prevent osteoporotic hip fractures. Femoroplasty increases the strength and energy to failure of the...


The title of this book deserves a comment: 'a senseless squalid war' was part of a speech made by Sir Winston Churchill in the House of Commons on 12 March 1947. Norman Rose has decided to incorporate it into the full title of his book which deals with 'Voices from Palestine between 1945 and 1948'. In the following lines of his speech Churchill complained that, 'Attlee's Socialist government had squandered some 80 million pounds sterling on the war against the Jews in Palestine, in order to give Palestine to the Arabs, or God knows to whom'. Professor Wm. Roger Louis, who is the editor in chief of the Oxford History of the British Empire, wrote about this book that it is the 'Most complete and detailed account of the British and the Zionists during the era of the Mandate.' I fully agree with Professor Louis's observation. In addition, having read most of the biographies written by Norman Rose, including his biography of Sir Winston Churchill, I can state without hesitation that they are all works of an historian who is dedicated to his discipline. They are as well researched as any historical study, and should be judged as academic studies. As an historian of the Middle East, I have devoted most of my academic career to research of the modern history of the Nile Valley. My excuse for devoting my research to the remote lands of Africa and to the modern history of Egypt and the Sudan was that I decided not to devote my skills to the history of my own country, Palestine-Israel, fearing that I might be accused of lack of objectivity and of mixing history and politics. Despite this fear, I have decided to undertake the present review because it deals with an important chapter in my own life and my personal angle might be of interest. I was in a way born a Zionist; my great grandfather, a Jewish banker from Hamburg named Gustav Gabriel Cohen, wrote a brochure entitled: 'Das Ideal des eigenen Staates' (The Ideal of an Autonomous State), in the 1880s which preceded Herzl's pamphlet, Der Judenstadt, published in 1897. It brought him to the first Zionist Congress in Basel and to a friendship with Theodor Herzl the founder of Zionism. Consequently my grandfather, Otto Warburg, a Professor of Botany in Berlin, became a Zionist and was elected the movement's third president in 1911. As a result my parents and their family immigrated to Palestine and I have lived here ever since 1934, first in mandatory Palestine and after 1948 in the state of Israel. In the following review I assess Rose's book against the background of my own life. Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 46, No. 4, 615–631, July 2010


In this article, our intention is to provide an in-depth framework to inform the management of the inevitable complexity of day-to-day practice and supervision in child protection and welfare. It is based on what is now well evidenced about child protection and welfare literature in relation to risk, relationships, family support, supervision, and professional development. Using Ireland as a case example for illustration and application, we introduce an emerging framework based on a dualism of 'protective support and supportive protection' developed in previous work. We avail of Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological framework and network theories to progress this ongoing 'work in progress' to inform social work and social care practice and supervision in a global context as and where appropriate. We emphasize the importance of context specific approaches, the relevance of range of actors, practitioner and supervisor expertise through experience, and proactive partnership based engagement with children, families, and relevant communities in all aspects of service delivery, including evaluation. We reflect on the challenges and possible obstacles to how such a framework can inform practice and supervision. We argue that practitioners can best activate and apply the framework using a practice research approach.


Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of determining the liver reserve function by estimating the retention rate of indocyanine green at fifteen minutes(ICGR15) before interventional chemoembolization in treating patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Forty-three patients with HCC were enrolled in this study.Before interventional chemoembolization ICGR15 and Child-Pugh classification were estimated in all patients.Based on the ICGR15,the patients were divided into three groups.After chemoembolization,all the patients were divided into two groups according to liver function condition: group M(showing mild hepatic dysfunction) and group S(developing severe hepatic dysfunction).The occurrence of postoperative hepatic dysfunction and the difference in the hepatic function changes between three groups were analyzed.Results After interventional chemoembolization the occurrence of hepatic dysfunction were significantly different between three groups divided by ICGR15 test(P 0.05).And significantly different in hepatic reserve function existed between the two groups divided by Child-Pugh classification(P 0.05).Conclusion The hepatic reserve function in HCC patients can be more precisely evaluated by ICGR15 than by Child-Pugh classification.


Objective To study the change regularity and clinical significance of MMP-2,9 / TIMP-1,2 mRNA expression in myocardium ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI). Methods A rat MIRI model was established. The Changes of MMPs-2,9 / TIMP-1,2 mRNA expression in rat myocardium during ischemia-reperfusion were detected by HE,RT-PCR,IHC,Zymogram analysis. Results The expression of MMP-2,9 mRNA and protein tended to increase during ischemia reperfusion. There was significant difference of MMP-2,9 mRNA expression in MIRI 8 h compared with sham group and at MIRI 30 min(P 0.01),respectively. The expression of TIMP-1,2 mRNA tended to increase during ischemia reperfusion. There was significant difference compared with sham group and at MIRi 30min(P 0.05),but the expression of TIMP-1,2 protein tended to decrease during ischemia reperfusion. There was not any significant differences compared with sham group and at MIRI 30 min(P0.05). MMPs / TIMPs ratio was loss of equilibrium. Zymogram analysis showed:MMP-2 reached peak at 4 h,MMP-9 reached peak at 12h,compared with sham and at MIRI 30 min(P0.01). Conclusion MMP-2,9 / TIMP-1,2 ratio disequilibrium can induce myocardium ischemia-reperfusion injury thus being a significant reason in during ischemia reperfusion.


Abstract : This thesis is part of a joint research project between students of the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA and the Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright- Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH. The purpose of the research is to establish working definitions for commonly used contracting and acquisition terms and phrases. Twenty-five terms were selected from a master list compiled by previous researchers. Contracting literature and regulations were researched to identify published definitions. The published definitions were used to develop a synthesized definition for each of the 25 terms. The synthesized definitions were submitted to contracting professionals for terms. The acceptability of proposed definitions was based upon consensus and the input from respondents was used to develop a refined definition.


Ultra-deep scientific drilling, a large scale scientific research project successively implemented by the major countries all over the world, is a typical representative project which reflects the entire scientific and technological strength of a coun-try, also the most difficult and slowly developed scientific project among the four great scientific dreams of the mankind, i.e., going up to the outer space, reaching the interior Earth, entering into the deep sea and probing into the north and the south poles. Due to the isolation by lithosphere, it is very hard to observe the information of the interior earth. At present, geophysical and geochemical methods are mainly employed for this purpose, though fast and simple, with the information obtained of indirect, deduced and multi-interpreted. As scientific drilling can directly obtain underground materials, structure and information, based upon which the geophysical interpretation result can be corrected, it becomes an inevitable way to obtain a great breakthrough for earth science. However, hampered by lack of well-developed technique and of economic reasons, drilling to approximately 10 km deep is only realized in few areas at present, with the drilling depth only one tenth of the lithosphere thickness, far inferi-or to the requirement for observing the upper and the lower mantles. To deeply understand the earth, drilling must penetrate into the earth deeper and deeper. The implementation of ul-tra-deep scientific drilling project over 10000 m will greatly promote the development of drilling equipment, instruments and drilling technologies, thus help to improve the application level of the related materials and electronic elements under the extreme conditions. Technically, ultra-deep drilling engineering will three problems, namely high temperature, high pressure and high crustal stress, cannot resolved yet using the existing well developed technique, and to solve key problems will cost huge,


We compute the A-polynomial 2-tuple of twisted Whitehead links. As applications, we determine the canonical component of twisted Whitehead links and give a formula for the volume of twisted Whitehead link cone-manifolds.


The use of in-class stories is an excellent way to keep a class interested in subject matter. Many organic chemistry classes are populated by nonchemistry majors, such as pre-med, pre-pharm, and biology students. Trivia questions are presented that are designed to show how organic chemistry is an important subject to students regardless of their major. In addition, a brief expansion of the topics and suggestions on how to include them into organic chemistry lectures are described.


In order to analysis the nonlinear characteristics of vibration signal in the milling chatter process, this article uses Lyapunov Exponent and Approximate Entropy to analysis vibration signal of stable milling, vibration signal of chatter development and vibration signal of chatter in varied cutting-depth milling process. Plot the relationship curves of milling parameters with Lyapunov Exponent and Approximate Entropy respectively. The results showed that vibration signal had strong chaos characteristics when the milling chatter developed and occurred, and chaos characteristics of the vibration signal can be regarded as an effective method to identify the development and occurrence of chatter, and it also has guiding function for choosing milling parameter.


Purpose To investigate the association between the change of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grade and the outcome in critically ill patients. Methods This was a prospectively observational study. All patients admitted in the ICU from October 2013 to June 2015, with the duration of ICU > 72 h and age >18 years, were enrolled in this study. The AGI grade and gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated during ICU stay following the 2012 ESICM recommendation. The ICU mortality, duration of ICU stay, mechanical ventilation (MV) use, vasoactive drug use, and continuous renal replacement therapy of patients were recorded accordingly. Results A total of 320 patients were included, and 265 of them were diagnosed with AGI. The overall ICU mortality was 11.88%, while it was 13.58% in patients with AGI. In logistic regression analyses, the decreasing trend of AGI grade was identified as a protective factor for ICU death (odds ratio (OR), 0.484; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26–0.90), while the max AGI grade was a risk factor (OR, 3.464; 95% CI, 2.71–8.47) for ICU death. Conclusion The changes of AGI grades in critically ill patients were associated with their clinical outcomes. The ICU-acquired AGI patients associated with longer ICU stay days.


Bion WR (1959). Attacks on linking. Int J Psychoanal 40:308–315. Freud S (1915). Instincts and their vicissitudes. SE 15, 109–140. Freud S (1927). Fetishism. SE 21, 147–158. Freud S (1938). Splitting of the ego in the process of defence. SE 23, 271–278. Freud S (1939). Moses and monotheism: Three essays. SE 23, 1–138. Freud S (1940). An outline of Psycho-Analysis. Int J Psychoanal 21:27–84. Hartke R (2009). Notes for a theory of generalized splitting. In: Bokanowski T, Lewkowicz S, editors. On Freud's splitting of the ego in the process of defence, 134–154. London: Karnac Books. Klein M (1932). The psycho-analysis of children. The International Psychoanalytical Library, 22:1–379. London: The Hogarth Press. Klein M (1946). Notes on some schizoid mechanisms. Int J Psychoanal 27:99–110. Mallet da Rocha Barros E (2009). Foreword. In: Bokanowski T, Lewkowicz S, editors. On Freud's splitting of the ego in the process of defence, 134–154. London: Karnac Books.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interrelationships between the maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges and to compare the posterior tooth position in complete dentures made by outside dental offices, "used denture", to those made by the dental laboratory of our dental college hospital, the "new denture".Copy dentures of each new and used dentures were made from plaster. After the measuring points were established, the moire topographic photographs were taken and then traced. Data of the width of the overlapping residual ridge crest zone, vertical dimension of inter residual ridge crest and the angle of inter residual ridge crest line were statistically analyzed. A personal computer was used for measuring the bucco-lingual distance between the measuring points of the copy denture and the bisecting the crest of the residual ridge and/or the overlapping residual ridge crest zone.In this investigation, it is suggested that the overlapping residual ridge crest zone is a suitable criterion for the arrangement of artificial posterior teeth for complete dentures. Although the statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the mean distance between the used denture and the new denture, the authors felt that the former was wider than latter.


In the article, in the modern socio-economic and political development of our republic, one of the most important areas for the development of the automotive industry and the transport system and the development of transport infrastructure is the development of an automobile network, the organization of a fuel supply reserve for these vehicles in the near future and the use of other types of fuel, recommendations are given.


Since the advent of devolution in 1999, the principle of equal opportunities has become institutionalised in government in Scotland through a number of mechanisms. Equal opportunities is one of the four fundamental principles to which the Scottish Parliament is committed, along with power-sharing, access and participation, and accountability. The Scotland Act empowers the Parliament to encourage equal opportunities and to impose duties on public authorities to ensure that functions are carried out with due regard to equal opportunity requirements. The parliament has a standing Equal Opportunities Committee, and the Scottish Executive has an Equality Unit Furthermore, within the Parliament women's representation is at the comparatively high level of 39.5% of all MSPs, though as yet there are no ethnic minority MSPs, and only two explicitly gay MSPs. Also, since 1999 the profile of equality issues has been heightened in a number of ways through the efforts of the Scottish Executive and Parliament to adhere to its founding principles, and through the measures adopted by the Scottish Executive to further equality goals. However, it remains the case that the policy framework for the promotion of equal opportunities is a complex one, in which both UK and


The importance of optical fiber coatings to the overall performance of structurally embedded optical fiber sensors is explored with closed form solutions. Particular attention is paid to the mechanical ramifications of material property and coating diameter choice when the fiber is embedded in a transversely isotropic host material. Analytical solutions are developed which show that strain concentrations near an embedded optical fiber are highly dependent on the coating material properties. Clear evidence is presented which indicates that there exist optimum coating material and radius combinations for a given host material. This optimum choice can minimize or even eliminate stress concentrations in the host material immediately surrounding the embedded fiber. Sensor phase sensitivity is explored for a wide range of coating properties.


Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the formation of state records management in the Soviet era. Modernization of records management during this period is connected with the processes of creating and strengthening the Soviet state, namely, the state apparatus of government, the formation of which began after the victory of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917. Modernization of the system of Soviet records management is directly dependent on the speed of modernization of the state administration of the USSR. From the level of development of records management and the development of the regulatory framework, the effectiveness of the work of the state apparatus and individual institutions depends on the formation of a documentary base on the history of society in the form of historical written sources. Materials and Methods. The author applied a historical analysis of the development and reform of the system of records management and workflow the Soviet period. The work was carried out on a significant number of both theoretical sources and the regulatory and methodological base of documentation support for administrative activities; this made it possible to consider the development of records management in the specified period. Results. The study showed that the system of records management, being secondary to the administrative apparatus, reflected not only the level of development of managerial and office culture, but also the modernizing system of government in the country. Discussion and Conclusion. In the process of modernizing the Soviet state records management, rules for drafting and executing documents were developed, rules for the rational management of records management were developed and introduced, the principles of unification, stencilling and standardization were implemented, and methodological support of records management was perfected. The author analyzes the main events in the process of formation and development of state records management and gives a description of the legislation on records management in the Soviet era, which is reflected in government decisions, legislative acts, regulations, etc.

Keywords: document, records management in the Soviet period, unification, standardization, state records management, state apparatus


The primary activities of any organization rely on the procurement of the required goods and services at the shortest time and highest quality possible. On this basis, the problem of supplier evaluation, ranking, and selection is considered critically important. Data envelopment analysis is a well-known and successful approach in this field. In this study, we propose a robust-stochastic data envelopment analysis model to measure the efficiency of decision-making units under uncertainty. We measure efficiency through a standard and an inverted model in terms of resilience and agility. In order to demonstrate the practical potential of the proposed model, we apply the model to a case study of the Iranian telecom industry with 90 decision-making units. Numerical results reveal that human resources and cash assets are the most important input criteria. Also, the output indicators, including adaptability, reliability, visibility, and coordination, have high importance in measuring the efficiency of decision-making units. It should be noted that employing the robust-stochastic optimization approach leads to controlling the fluctuations of uncertain parameters and maintaining a desirable optimal level of efficiency for decision-making units under different scenarios. The results suggest that the model is sufficiently valid and reliable for evaluating the performance of suppliers in the telecom industry, may be employed under uncertain conditions, and can incorporate decision-makers' varying preferences. The managerial insights derived from this research indicate that, in the short term, uncertainty throughout the evaluation process of suppliers often leads to reduced efficiency among the decision-making units. However, operating under uncertainty is associated with several advantages in the long term, such as increased decision-making consistency and improved vital ability to cope with uncertainty.


Potato late blight is the most devastating disease of potato in China. Due to the shortage of resistance of cultivars in most cases, chemical control is still the main method in use today to manage the disease. In order to improve the control efficiency, a web based DSS (Decision support system) on potato late blight management in China --"China-blight" (www.china-blight.net) was developed. This system is composed of the three sub-systems of "Real-time distribution of potato late blight in China", "Infection risk of late blight pathogen based on measured as well as forecasted weather data" and "A farm based simple DSS for the chemical control on potato late blight". Besides, knowledge information as well as services such as "Control methods on late blight", "Resistances of cultivars", "Fungicides database", "Other pests on potatoes", "Questions & experiences exchange" and "Electronic record for field practices of users" also included. The three main function of "Chinablight" were described and the work need to be done in the near future was also discussed here.


This study reports the results of 2 breastfeeding practice surveys performed among populations of squatters in 2 cities: Recife Brazil and Kuala Lampur Malaysia (where the settlement studied was made up primarily of Malays). 7 of 16 maternity units in Recife were randomly selected; in each 15 mothers were interviewed making a total of 105 mothers 95 of these were followed up 3 weeks after discharge to find out about changes made in feeding. 5 of 204 settlements in Kuala Lampur were randomly selected. Total household surveys were performed in 3 while random samples were drawn from 2 for a total of 293 mothers. In Recife 97% of mothers had made a decision about the feeding method before the birth. Only 40% had obtained relevant information from a health worker despite a 90% attendance at antenatal clincs. In Kuala Lampur 91% of mothers attended clinics 1/3 receiving no advice and only 52% receiving direct breastfeeding counselling. In Recife 41% had operative deliveries and 51% were anesthetized not seeing their infants for several hours. Only 29% held their babies immediately after birth. In Kuala Lampur only 9.5% were anesthetized and 80% where given their infants soon after birth but only 55% received breastfeeding advice. 98% of Recife mothers breastfed on discharge but only 48% were breastfeeding 3 weeks after. In Kuala Lampur 28% of mothers exclusively breastfed for a median duration of 18 months. Even though national breastfeeding campaigns have helped the effect is largely dissipated because of the health services lack of counselling and the persistance of hospital routines that discourage breastfeeding.


1. The commercially available trisodium salt of adenosine S'‐tetraphosphate (ATetraP) (Sigma) was found to be contaminated with ATP, ADP and AMP, and therefore unsuitable for use in platelet studies.


In this paper we consider the bending theory of Mindlin-type elastic plates. We study the spatial evolution of the solution of a non-standard problem. This problem is characterized by some constraint conditions in which the displacement and velocity at a given time are proportional with their respective initial values. The study is organized in two parts: in the first part we consider the materials with internal energy density positive definite and in the end we study the strongly elliptic materials. Using numerical analysis for some materials, we compare the different Saint-Venant's type decay rates obtained.


In this paper, an oil shale comprehensive utilization system based on Huadian-type retorting technique is constructed for producing shale oil, electricity, heat and construction materials. The system presented in this work aims at increasing resource utilization efficiency, improving process efficacy and reducing pollutant emission. Shale oil as a valuable product can be obtained by retorting. Meanwhile, during this process, the byproducts, retort- ing gas and semi-coke, not only can be used to provide sufficient energy for retorting, but can also be combusted efficiently in sequent subsystems for electricity generation and district heating. Moreover, the discharged shale ash can be used to produce construction materials. The proposed system is modeled and evaluated by the process simulation software Aspen Plus. The simulation results indicate that the scheme of oil shale comprehensive utilization has several advantages over oil shale retorting or combustion merely, and about 0.161 million t/a shale oil and 123.82 MW power can be produced in this system. Also, increasing the mass fraction of oil shale for retorting would exert a positive impact on the system's economics, which is especially important considering the rising oil prices.


JAYAMADHAVAN, A., SUDHAKARA, K. & WAHID, P. A. 2000. Methods of leaf sampling in teak (Tectona grandis) for nutrient analysis. A study was conducted in 10-y-old teak plantations of Nilambur, Kerala, India, to standardise the canopy height, time of sampling, leaf rank and diameter class of trees from which to collect leaf samples for the determination of N, P and K concentrations. Seasonal variation in the foliar N, P and K concentrations was also determined for a period of thirteen months starting from August 1993 to August 1994. Since mean nutrient con centration was high and varied little among the samples, leaves obtained from the bottom position of the crown during the time interval 0900 h to 1100 h were taken as the standard. Similarly, the second leaf rank from trees belonging to the diameter class ( 16.75-20 cm) were found to be ideal for sampling. Foliar nutrient concentrations were higher from June to September, which received high rainfall and were low during the drier months ofjanuary to April.


Wikipedia, the "free encyclopedia that anyone can edit", has evolved substantially over the years according to the editors' needs for more coordination and better quality management. In particular, metadata in the form of "templates" added to pages have come to play a critical role, working in a sense like stigmergic "stigmata" or "signals" which editors use to orient the efforts of their colleagues. We wonder whether such signals can be used to actually coordinate more effectively the collective efforts of editors. Based on an empirical analysis of two types of signals in Wikipedia, namely the "unsimple" and "NPOV" templates, we provide mixed evidence to support this claim. The effectiveness of stigmergic metadata signals appears to be affected by the division of labor within the Wikipedia community between core and more peripheral members.


Measurements of the in-plane thermal conductivity and the directional dependence of Mitsubishi K63B12 pitch-fiber/Epoxy composite from Newport Composites are reported. This composite is being explored for use in the Avanced Seal Delivery System for effective thermal management. The thermal conductivity was measured using a steady state technique. The experimental results were then compared to a model of the thermal conductivity based on the direction of the fibers. These estimates are based on the properties of the constituent materials and volume of fibers in the sample. Therefore the density and the fiber volume fraction were experimentally measured. The thermal conductivity is clearly greatest in the direction of the fibers and decreases as the fibers are rotated off axis. In the case of pitch fiber composite materials, the contribution of the fibers to the thermal conductivity dominates. The experimental data clearly followed the correct trends; however, the measured values were 25% to 35% lower than predicted.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


Short essay on the Western ideas of Indian concepts of Enlightenment as spiritual experience. The article argues against orientalising views of Indian philosophy.


Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEA) find multiple equally optimal solutions that minimise two or more objective functions at the same time through the usage of evolutionary strategies. The performance of MOEA is evaluated according to the convergence to the optimal solution set of the problem and the assemblage of a diverse collection of solutions. While the convergence rate of MOEA is often compared, comparisons of the diversity of the found solutions set is often overlooked. This project compares the quality of the distributions of solutions produced by various popular and novel MOEA. Additionally, biases that MOEA might have are also identified. Before performing the comparisons, a series of tests are conducted in order to verify the capacity of two standard diversity metrics to accurately measure the diversity of a solution set. The Spreadmetric is found to conveymore information about the distribution of solutions than the Spacing metric and thus, produce a better estimation of the quality. SPEA2, SMPSO, GDE3, AbYSS are found to produce uniform and spread distributions on the tested problems. On the other hand, widely used MOEA such as NSGA-II, -MOEA, IBEA or CMA-ES are found to produce worse distributions than the previously stated algorithms.


aDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex., bDepartment of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisc., cMaternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Md., dDepartment of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif., eCenter for the Society, the Individual and Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif., fNational Newborn Screening and Genetics Resource Center, Austin, Tex., USA


This study addresses the challenges of predicting user preferences for songs by utilizing machine learning algorithms. Existing research in this area has primarily focused on user-based collaborative filtering or content-based approaches, neglecting the potential of utilizing song attributes for personalized song recommendations. Several algorithms are evaluated in this study, including Random Forest Classifier, Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Dummy Classifier, and Stacking Classifier. The Stacking Classifier model was chosen as the best model due to its consistently high accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Spotify API is used in the deployment process to retrieve song attributes, encode them, and input them into the model for prediction. In addition, the model's accuracy is evaluated using two different playlists, with predicted results of songs that the user would like or dislike. Overall, the study suggests that the Stacking Classifier model is suitable for predicting song preferences on Spotify. Furthermore, the deployment process outlined in this study offers a convenient tool for users to predict their preferences for individual songs or playlists. This can empower users to curate their music collections more effectively and help music streaming platforms like Spotify to further improve their recommendation systems.


A description is given and principles outlined for Ferranti Computer System's VARS (variable attribute raster-graphics system). Applications of the current implementation, VARS-X, are outlined. The impact of performance needs on specification are discussed. An overview of the architecture is also given.<<ETX>>


The experimental nuclear reactor (CX), designed and fabricated by Babcock & Wilcox, for the Space Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (SNTP) program sponsored by the U.S. Air Force was used to determine reactivity effects of several special materials. These materials were: (1) polyethylene rods, which were inserted in the center of the fuel stalks; (2) small cylinders wrapped with gadolinium foil, which were dispersed in the interstitial moderator; (3) tantalum foil in the hot frit region (central hole of the fuel stalk); and (4) low-density hydrogen in the central hole. The reactivity was determined by varying the temperature, boric acid concentration in the moderator, shim rod positions, and control rod positions. The results of the measurements can be used as benchmarks for detailed analytic calculations for similar thermal very heterogeneous systems, such as thermionic space reactors.


Based on practice of applying multimedia courseware in political economics teaching classroom, the auther expounds the importance of applying multimedia courseware in improving teaching structure and quality.


Large uncertainty in the direct radiative forcing of black carbon (BC) exists, with published estimates ranging from 0.25 to 0.9 W m−2. A significant source of this uncertainty relates to the vertical distribution of BC, particularly relative to cloud layers. We first compare the vertical distribution of BC in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models to aircraft measurements and find that models tend to overestimate upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric (UT/LS) BC, particularly over the central Pacific from Hiaper Pole‐to‐Pole Observations Flight 1 (HIPPO1). However, CMIP5 generally underestimates Arctic BC from the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites campaign, implying a geographically dependent bias. Factors controlling the vertical distribution of BC in CMIP5 models, such as wet and dry deposition, precipitation, and convective mass flux (MC), are subsequently investigated. We also perform a series of sensitivity experiments with the Community Atmosphere Model version 5, including prescribed meteorology, enhanced vertical resolution, and altered convective wet scavenging efficiency and deep convection. We find that convective mass flux has opposing effects on the amount of black carbon in the atmosphere. More MC is associated with more convective precipitation, enhanced wet removal, and less BC below 500 hPa. However, more MC, particularly above 500 hPa, yield more BC aloft due to enhanced convective lofting. These relationships—particularly MC versus BC below 500 hPa—are generally stronger in the tropics. Compared to the Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, most CMIP5 models overestimate MC, with all models overestimating MC above 500 hPa. Our results suggest that excessive convective transport is one of the reasons for CMIP5 overestimation of UT/LS BC.


This essay reflects on the different spectatorial, political, cultural, affective and bodily experiences of attending Lola Arias's MINEFIELD/CAMPO MINADO, both at the Royal Court in London and at a university auditorium in Buenos Aires. Drawing upon the 1982 Malvinas/Falklands War, the Argentine internationally recognized director's production featured six former soldiers who used to be enemies on the battlefield telling real stories about the conflict. Although there was almost nothing that could be called traditional theatre onstage, the production received standing ovations on both sides of the Atlantic. But what was applauded at the end of each performance? The audiences' reactions, including my own, were very different at the two venues. I argue that Arias's production hinged upon a high-risk, highly exposed public encounter that envisioned a change of perspectives, not only for the ex-soldiers involved but also for the spectators. Rather than staging veterans as war heroes, Arias's social experiment exposed both teams on a common ground of vulnerability. MINEFIELD constructed a spectacle of intimate power that delineated a naked form of transnational citizenship.


Objective To explore the normal range of the fourth ventricle volume of Chinese adults of the Han nationality and provide morphological data for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.One thousand Chinese healthy volunteers (age range= 18 to 70) recruited from 15 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., Group A (age range = 18 to 30),B (age range =31 to 40), C (age range =41 to 50), D (age range =51 to 60), and E (age range =61 to 70).Each group contained 100 males and 100 females.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T1 weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.After three dimension data reconstruction, the volumes of the fourth ventricle were measured at sagittal view by automatic trace of Midobl.2 combined with manual outlining.The difference of volumes of the fourth ventricle between male and female were analyzed by independent sample t test, and among age groups by ANOVA.Pearson's correlation coeffcient was used to characterize the relationship between volumes of the fourth ventricle and age.Results The fourth ventricle volumes of Group A-E were (2.1±0.9), (2.1±0.8), (2.2±0.8), (2.1±1.0) and (2.4±0.8) ml respectively for male; those for female were(2.0±0.7), (1.9±0.6), (18±0.6), (1.9±0.7) and (2.0±0.6) ml respectively.The fourth ventricle volumes of males were significantly larger than those of females ( t = 5.573, P =0.000 ) ; there were no significant differences among the female groups ( F = 1.788, P = 0.130 ) ; there were significant differences among the male groups ( F = 2.639, P = 0.033 ) and multiple comparison found that the 60 years old was the watershed with significant difference ( P < 0.05 ).Correlation between the change of males' volumes and the ages was not strong (r = 0.119, P = 0.008 ), and the females' volumes did not correlated with their ages ( r = 0.041,P = 0.360 ).Conclusion There are gender differences in the fourth ventricle volumes of normal Chinese adults, and changes of the fourth ventricle volume with aging are different between males and females.

Key words:
Fourth ventricle; Magnetic resonance imaging; Organ size


New greenhouse gas emission reporting requirements in countries including Australia and the United States require the operators of chemical process plants to report the emission of greenhouse gases, typically with an overall uncertainty of under +/- 5% on a 95% confidence basis. To achieve this precision, the emissions from vent points, which usually do not have flow meters and concentration analysers installed, must be accurately determined. Physical sampling of these points followed by laboratory analysis is costly, difficult and often hazardous. This paper reviews the use of computerised simulations of gas and liquid physical properties to calculate greenhouse gas emissions with minimal field sampling, using examples from Australian chemical process operations where the use of such simulation and data software has proved useful.


The low birth weight (LBW), defined as the weight of the newborn under 2500 g, has rates of 15% in developing countries and 7% in developed countries. LBW is one of the most important causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Multiple risk factors for LBW are described: preterm birth, urinary infections, preeclampsia, maternal anemia, low maternal weight, among others. WHO has defined anemia in pregnancy as hemoglobin less than 11 mg / dl. Anemia in Peru represents 28% of pregnant women. Objective: To determine if maternal anemia is a risk factor of low weight in the term newborn at the Hospital Belen de Trujillo during the period 2015-2017. Method: It is an analytical, observational design of retrospective cohorts. The population will be divided into 2 cohorts: exposed cohort (pregnant women with anemia) and non exposed cohort (pregnant women without anemia); The presence of low birth weight in each of them will be analyzed. The association will be established through relative risk.


Miao people moved to Guizhou from different places in different times.They made great contributions to the social and economic development of Guizhou Province.


This study aims to determine how the Leadership Function of the Head of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Palu City. This type of research is descriptive, while the basis of this research is qualitative, where in this study the researcher tries to reveal real and objective facts about the Leadership Function of the Madrasah Head at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Palu. This study uses the theory of Mulyasa (2007), namely as educators, managers, administrators, supervisors, leaders, innovators, and as motivators.
The results showed that the leadership function of the head of the Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Palu City in carrying out its function as a leader had gone well, where the Head of the Madrasah in carrying out his duties and responsibilities as a leader to direct teachers and other education personnel, as well as carry out tasks jointly. together in improving the quality of education and progress of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Palu.


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Ginger is an important cash crop and plays a vital role in the rural economy of Uttarakhand state. The study was based on the data collected by survey method from randomly selected 60 ginger growers of 5 villages in Narendra Nagar block of district Tehri Garhwal. From each village, 12 ginger growers were selected randomly. In Dehradun market (mandi), 10 traders were interviewed personally for the collection of information on the marketing of ginger. The higher marketing cost was due to commission of middlemen in the market, which accounted for 45.45%. The producer's share in consumer's price was estimated to be 65.39%. This was mainly due to higher transportation cost and higher middlemen margins. Traders were found to be indulged in exploitation of farmers through various underhand dealing, tactics and malpractices, which resulted in high marketing cost and reduced producer's share in the consumer's rupee.


A large number ofstudies have been conducted in an attempt to investigate and understand the usage determinants ofe-government applications. However, there seems to be lack ofresearch that look into the factors of environment, termed as the institutional spheres, as most focus on technological, individual and organizational perspectives. Therefore, using institutional theory as a lens, a
framework is proposed to consider the different institutional realms that will affect the decision to use
the various types of e-governments applications. These aspects are drawn together into a model and its implications for future IS research are discussed.


Background Doppler echocardiographic parameters of the middle hepatic vein (MHV)in detecting PHTN. Methods The study comprised 72 patients who were referred for right heart catheterization (RHC) to our department. All patients underwent conventional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) the day after RHC and Doppler study of the MHV. Based on RHC and TTE results ,Patients were divided in three groups 1: patients with PHTN without signi�cant RV dysfunction (n = 25), 2: patients with PHTN with signi�cant RV dysfunction (n = 22), 3: patients with normal PAP (n = 25).


Microscopic and macroscopic heat fluxes have been calculated on the basis of the self-consistent analysis of micro and macro scales taking into account absorption of thermal radiation by the CO2 molecules in micro pores. The macroscopic fluxes have been considered with the help of A. Shack modification to the Stefan-Boltzmann law at the given degree of blackness of a surface of a solid phase. These fluxes are received by averaging of the microscopic fluxes taking into account the influence of Knudsen's layer and absorption of heat during combustion of carbon. In the case of a submicron scale the models of slipping of a gas phase and jump of temperature of gas inside Knudsen's layers in the vicinity of pore borders are used. The intensities of macroscopic fluxes are presented through the parameters of similarity and depend on the emissivity of pore surfaces, on the coefficients of molecule reflection and thermal accommodation. The governing system of equations on a macroscopic scale includes heat exchange between the gaseous and solid phases. The macro fluxes are calculated by means of averaging of micro fluxes taking into account the effect of Knudsen's layer and the heat absorption during the carbon combustion. The synthesis of magnesium-zinc ferrite submicron particles is modelled numerically. The results of thermal front numerical simulation allow us to evaluate the impact of CO2 absorption, emissivity along with the slippage on the heat and mass transfer. It was found that an increase in the intensity of radiation corresponds to the decrease in the rate of submicron particles growth.


Currently, 342 species of ranid frogs (family Ranidae) are recognized and clustered into and sixteen genera. The family is cosmopolitan except for southern South America and most of Australia (Frost, 2010). The genus Lithobates is represented in Brazil by two species: Lithobates castebeianus (Shaw, 1802), an introduced species for commercial use, and Lithobates palmipes (Spix, 1824) (SBH, 2010). Species in the Lithobates palmipes clade are characterized by having fused sacral and pre-sacral vertebrae and the presence of distinct darks lateral borders along the dorsolateral folds (Hillis and de Sa, 1988). Lithobates palmipes is considered a generalist and sinantropic species occurring in marginal areas of rivers, ponds and, "igarapes" from Amazonia domain, typically in forested areas, but sometimes also found in open areas. In Brazil the species was recorded in the states of Acre (not shown on map), Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Para, Paraiba, Pernambuco, and Rio Grande do Norte (Hillis and de Sa, 1988; Barros, 2005; Canedo and Bilate, 2005; Sousa, 2009). Colli et al. (2002) indicate the presence of L. palmipes in the Cerrado biome, but do not precisely indicate the


Abstract Phosvitin undergoes a transition from an unordered conformation to a β structure if the pH of its aqueous solution is lowered sufficiently (1.8 to 1.9) to remove a major part of its negative charge. The characteristic optical rotatory dispersion features of this ordered conformation are ([m'] given in degree x cm2 x decimole-1): trough at 230 mµ (-3,000), peak at 203 mµ (+15,000), and a crossover point at 220 mµ. The circular dichroism spectrum ([θ] given in degree x cm2 x decimole-1) shows a minimum at 215 mµ (-11,800), a maximum at 194 mµ (+14,600), and a crossover point at 206 mµ. The rate of the transition, but not its extent, is a function of pH and of protein concentration. Salt affects the transition as well. The transition may be reversed nearly completely by an increase in pH if the duration of exposure to low pH is brief. Partial reversal appears to be possible in any case.


This study was designed to determine the role of the small GTPase Rac1 on carbachol‐induced contractile activity in detrusor smooth muscle using small inhibitor NSC 23766 in diabetic rats. Rac1 expression in bladder tissue was also evaluated. In the streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rat model, three study groups were composed of control, diabetic and insulin‐treated diabetic subjects. The detrusor muscle strips were suspended in organ baths at the end of 8–12 weeks after STZ injection. Carbachol (CCh) (10−9–10−4 M) concentration–response curves were obtained both in the absence and in the presence of Rac1 inhibitor NSC 23766 (0.1, 1 and 10 μM). Diabetes‐related histopathological changes and Rac1 expressions were assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. CCh caused dose‐dependent contractile responses in all the study groups. Rac1 inhibitor NSC 23766 inhibited CCh‐induced contractile responses in all groups, but this inhibition seen in both diabetes groups was greater than in the control group. Histological examination revealed an increased bladder wall thickness both in the diabetes and in the insulin‐treated diabetes groups compared to the control group. In immunohistochemical staining, expression of Rac1 was observed to be increased in all layers of bladder in both diabetic groups compared to the control group. In the diabetic bladders, increased expression of Rac1 and considerable inhibition of CCh‐induced responses in the presence of NSC 23766 compared to those of the control group may indicate a specific role of Rac1 in diabetes‐related bladder dysfunction, especially associated with cholinergic mediated detrusor overactivity.


From an analysis of more than three years of calibration data we derived a new calibration data for the ``small` calorimeter. Using this calibration we should be able to measure the thermal output power of unknown radiological sample to better than 0.3% of the true value (based on one standard deviation) when the unknown lies in the power range 0.25 - 4.0 watt. We learned that the calibration data taken before August 1987 showed considerably more variability than data collected subsequently. We also detected a long-term periodic fluctuation in the data on the scale of about one year. The cause of this fluctuation is unknown. This fluctuation does significantly reduce the accuracy of our measurements. The accuracy of the calorimeter is degraded by the random error of the entire measurment system, the periodic fluctuation, and the statistical error in estimating the calibration coefficients. We recommend that the cause of the periodic fluctuation be determined by monitoring the environmental conditions of the calorimeter laboratory, and a continuous program of recalibration to assure continued accuracy of these measurements.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give an account of the Past in Mind project, an innovative project run by Herefordshire Mind and funded by the Heritage Lottery which explored the relationship between the disciplines of archaeology and mental health recovery. It aimed to use that unexpected connection to offer new perspectives on the interpretation of the past, to combat stigma associated with mental illness, and to support participants' personal journeys to better mental health. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is an account of the development and operation of the project given by the project manager, with other contributions from project participants. Findings – The account of the project revealed that there was significant synergy between the processes of archaeology and the mental health recovery. The linkage between archaeology and mental health does had genuine value both for novel exploration of the past, and the exploration of personal understanding linked to mental health recovery...


This research aimed to know the effect of combining organic material and SP – 36 fertilizer on phosphorus availability and growth of maize on Ultisol. The research was conducted in the screen house and chemical and soil fertility laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara on January – April 2017. This rearch used randomized block designed which consist of 2 factor and 3 replication. The first factor combining organic material which consist of 6 combining : B0 (control), B1 (100% Tithonia diversifolia compost), B2 (75% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 25% chicken manure),  B3 (50% Tithonia diversifolia compost  + 50% chicken manure), B4 (25% Tithonia diversifolia compost + 75% chicken manure),  (100% chicken manure). The second  factor of SP – 36 fertility which consist of 4 level : P0 (control),  P1 (50 kg/ha P 2 O 5 ), P2 (100 kg/ha P 2 O 5 ), P3 (150 kg/ha P 2 O 5 ). The result showed that the combining of organic material significantly increased soil pH, soil C – Organic, soil P-available, plant height, dry weight of  hoot and dry weight of  root plant. The application of SP – 36 fertilizer significantly increased soil pH, soil P –available, dry weight leaf and dry root plant. The interaction of combining organic material and SP – 36 fertilizer  significantly increased soil P-available, dry weight of  hoot and dry root plant. The best interaction 50% Tithonia diversifolia compost  + 50% chicken manure and 150 kg P 2 O 5 /ha significantly increased soil P-available, dry weight of  hoot and dry root plant.


This prospective study was begun in 1974 to determine the progression of rheumatoid ar thritis of the cervical spine. Of 163 patients with com plaints about the cervical spine followed in the Ar thritis Clinic, 106 were available for study five years later. At the start of this study, forty-six (43 per cent) of these 106 patients already had radiographic evidence of rheumatoid involvement of the cervical spine, con sisting of atlanto-axial subluxation in twenty-eight (61 per cent), atlanto-axial subluxation combined with subaxial subluxation in nine (20 per cent), and subaxial subluxation alone in five (1 1 per cent). The remaining four patients (8 per cent) had combinations of these findings together with superior migration of the odon toid process. At the end of the study, seventy-four (70 per cent) of the patients had radiographic evidence of cervical involvement, primarily of the combined type. Twenty-one patients died during the period of follow-up. None of the known causes of death could be attributed to disease of the cervical spine. Three features of rheumatoid cervical disease were evaluated: pain, neural involvement, and radiographic abnormalities. Although all three features were pro gressive, radiographic deterioration was a more prom inent feature than progressive neural dysfunction. At the final evaluation, the disease in twenty-seven (36 per cent) of the patients was noted to have progressed neu rologically while in sixty patients (80 per cent) it had progressed radiographically. Pain was the only feature of the disease that showed any tendency to improve. The development of subaxial subluxation or superior migration of the odontoid process in a patient with pre-existing atlanto-axial subluxation was found to be a bad prognostic sign.


DURING the past ten years a vlvld scientific light has been focussed on ,the pituitary gland, and our knowledge of its functions in health and .deviations in disease has been greatly increased. The physician and neurologst have found that increase or diminution of glandular function leads to recognizable clinical symptoms, whilst general surgeons and rhnologsts have been asked to operate for conditions of the gland whch lead to these symptoms and are amenable to surgical treatment. Yet, in spite of the excellent work done, no general agreement has yet been attained as to the best route of surgical approach. The present study aims at supplying some facts which may help to determine the best surgical procedure.


In this paper, the electric control of enhanced lateral shift owing to surface plasmon excitation in the Kretschmann configuration with an electro-optic crystal prism is analyzed. The large positive and negative lateral shifts are due to the excitation of surface plasmon resonance. The sign and the magnitude of the lateral shift can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the applied electric field as well as by altering the angle of incidence. Angular modulation in this configuration can be replaced by the modulation of the applied electric field since their effects on reflectivity, phase and lateral shift of the reflected beam are similar. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical analysis.


Abstract This distinctive theological perspective of Charles Wesley (compared with that of his brother, John) is found in his many collections of hymns. In these hymns, words such as 'renewal', 'restoration,' and 'recovery' are pivotal in describing the effect that God's work in Christ has on the life of humanity. This language is reinforced by the multiple images (most of them biblical) that Charles Wesley employs in his poetry. The result is an emphasis on salvation as the restoration of God's perfect kingdom of love, peace, compassion, and justice.


Due to the global warming, international agreements have been propelled by industrialized countries. These days, there are various studies and projects to reduce the carbon emission quantity in South Korea, because South Korea is a strong candidate for a newly industrialized nation by Kyoto Protocol. Therefore, this study arranges plans to create various thematic map by producing database that can manage various datum based on grid spatial objects to manage quantity of forest biomass and carbon dioxide. Moreover, this study designs a system to create forest biomass by using the best method of calculation with LiDAR data and KOMPSAT-2 satellite images. In addition, this study designs a biomass monitoring system for public institutions to register biomass, suggesting actual plans to extract, manage, and utilized forest biomass.


This paper discussed the researches and countermeasure of accelerating the management of stony desertification and ecological construction in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from seven aspects:the condition of nature,society and economy is worsening;the present situation and damage of stony desertification is serious;the trend of stony desertification of Guizhou province has been intensified;the analysis on present condition of ecological construction;the necessity and urgency of comprehensive management of stony desertification;the feasible analysis on undertaking the comprehensive management of stony desertification,and the countermeasures on ecological construction.The author put forward some solutions to these problems.


438 Indian Dermatology Online Journal November-December 2015 Volume 6 Issue 6 classified as being of intermediate malignant potential. The clinical behavior of the tumor cannot be predicted by clinical or histiological parameters. However, the development of both local recurrence and metastases has shown a correlation with invasion into the deep fascia or muscle as assessed surgically. Treatment is surgical resection.


Objective:Investigating the interrelation and clinical value between coronary artery stenosis and myocardial blood supply in different gender patients with ischemia change in adenosine stress electrocardialgram. Methods: Analyzing 7 826 patients data retrospectively with adenosine stress /rest myocardial perfusion imaging( MPI) imaging from May. 2008 to November. 2012 because of suspecting CAD including 104 patients with ischemia change in ECG during adenosine stress test. As the research objects,in these patients male /female= 24 /80,mean age( 58. 76 ± 9. 97),including 62 petients underwent coronary artery angiography( CAG) in one month. Results: The ST segment horizontally or inclined moved down ≥0. 1mv in adenosine stress test ECG comparing rest ECG in 104 patients,and the subsequent MPI showed: 66 positive( male /female = 18 /48),38negtive( male /female = 6 /32,P = 0. 181). 33 positive patients in MPI( male /female = 14 /19) undergone CAG with showing : there was no obvious coronary artery stenosis in only 1 female patient,and other 32( 97. 0%,32 /33) ones got more than one coronary artery stenosis with the extent ≥50%( male 14 /14 = 100%,female 18 /19= 94. 7%,P = 0. 576). 29 negtive patients( male /female = 4 /25) undergone CAG with showing : there was no obvious coronary artery stenosis in 2 male( 50%,2 /4) and 24 female patients( 96%,24 /25),other 2 male( 50%,2/4) and 1 female( 4%,1/25) patients got three-vessel coronary artery disease with the extent ≥50%( P =0.042). Conclusion: In the patients with ischemia change in adenosine stress electrocardialgram,there is no relevance in the incidence rate of positive and negative in MPI with gender,and so as the incidence rate between the positive in MPI and serious coronary artery stenosis. But in negative MPI patients,the incidence rate of serious coronary artery stenosis in the male is obviously higher than the female,which reminds us to take more care of such male patients for clinical diagnosis and evaluation,even taking CAG if necessary.


The working principle of ZRP routing protocols introduced and a strong mobile-intensive(100nodes,30m/s~35m/s,and do not pause) and mobile nature of the weak type of sparse(50nodes,0m/s~5m/s,and pause 20ms) of the mobile Ad hoc network model is built by using Opnet Modeler 10.5. Through simulation,to draw the network size,node moving speed of the zone routing protocol in the data packet delivery ratio,routing overhead,route discovery latency and other performance indicators of the extent of the impact on the network.


This is also true in Australian health and medical research. Although women have enrolled in health and science degrees and completed postgraduate study in large numbers for decades,4 these numbers are still not reflected at the highest levels of the research sector.5 Men continue to predominate among senior researchers and academic leaders in universities, medical research institutes and hospitals. Men continue to apply for and receive more National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grants and total funding than women.6 Here and elsewhere, men continue to receive more recognition through prizes, conference invitations and other measures of esteem.7,8,9


Kotonen, Tommi To Write a Republic – American Political Poetry from Whitman to 9/11 Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2012, 121 p. (Jyvaskyla Studies in Education, Psychology and Social Research, ISSN 0075-4625; 444) ISBN 978-951-39-4826-9 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-4827-6 (PDF) This study examines the relation between poetry and politics in American political poetry. The research proceeds from the reading of works of different schools of poetry to analysis of their ideas about politics and views on the political role of a poet. Focusing on the differences between speech poetry and language poetry, this study brings to the fore the political potential that lies in their conceptualizations of language, and the hindrances these conceptualizations create for their efforts to fully engage in politics. Concerning the poetical language and its relation to politics, one essential question raised in this study is how poets move from questions of poetical method and creation to ideas on politics and their role as political poets. The analysis follows certain analogies or parallels: in language poetry, the idea about language as system and as web reflects the idea about politics as power relations and hegemonic structures; in speech poetry the idea of man as the center of poetry is mirrored in the idea of politics as an action within a republican framework. The political aspects of poets have quite often been left to the footnotes of the works of literary scholars, and in political science the role of poetry has mostly been no more than anecdotal. In this study, the focus is on poetry that simultaneously preserves the poetical quality but also addresses political questions. The poetical works taken into closer examination in this research are by Walt Whitman, Ezra Pound, Charles Olson and Charles Bernstein. The analysis is based both on their poetical works and their theoretical writings. For these writers, political poetry is not just a political rant set to meter, for the political aspects go beyond the surface and can be found, for example, at the linguistic level. Form and content go hand in hand, and the formal ideas of these poets can also be read in the light of their political ideas


Background: The incidence of both acute urinary retention and cervical leiomyoma is extremely rare in women of reproductive age group. Case: of urine and bleeding per vaginum. The retention of urine was relieved by administering the Foley`s catheter. On per speculum examination a fleshy, globular mass prot was enlarged, but cervix could not be felt except a rim of the cervix because the whole of the cervix was occupied with the mass. Ultrasonography findings revealed that cervical fibroid of si adenexa. Total abdominal hysterectomy was done. On gross pathology uterus was normal in size, whereas cervical leiomyoma of size 12x10x8cm was arising from the posterior aspect of the cervix. The post operative per uneventful and there was no urinary retention after operation. retention of urine among reproductive age women without other etiologies. The urinary symptoms completely resolved after total abdominal hysterectomy.


This year, both the US Congress and the US Environmental Protection Agency are likely to take action on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pollution. These synthetic chemicals, prized for their durability, don't break down in the environment. Studies of some nonpolymeric PFAS show that they cause health problems in people and laboratory animals. Last week, the US House of Representatives was set to pass bipartisan PFAS legislation (H.R. 535) after C&EN's deadline. The bill would speed the cleanup of the two PFAS—perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)—that most frequently are detected in US drinking water. Epidemiology studies have linked PFOA and PFOS, chemicals found in the blood of most Americans, to adverse reproductive effects and other health harms. The bill contains a number of other provisions to control PFAS. At least some of them have sparked opposition to H.R. 535 from industry, including chemical makers, as well as


Combined with Univation Company's gas-phase polyethylene process,this article discusses equipment layout based on the principle of easy maintenance and operation,and introduces the issues to be noted in piping design from aspects of main process pipeline,control valve for main equipment,setting of vent and drain valve,utilities,and pipe support design based on the characteristics of slurry catalyst.The understanding of the process and the design of special pipeline are strengthened,the design quality is improved,and the rationality and sustainability of the unit are improved.


The invention relates to a compound preparation with a therapeutic effect on fatty liver and a preparation method of the compound preparation. The compound preparation comprises main medicine and medicinal auxiliary materials, wherein the medicinal auxiliary materials comprise medicine solvents and binding agents, and the main medicine is traditional Chinese medicine or medicinal and edible dual-purpose traditional Chinese medicine. Main medicine such as rhizoma alismatis, salvia miltiorrhiza, red yeast rice, hawthorn and schisandra chinensis is proportionally taken and is matched with the medicinal auxiliary materials, and the compound preparation is prepared. The preparation is mainly used for treating fatty liver, in addition, the pharmacological effect on alcoholic liver injury and radioactive liver injury is good, and the extraction and preparation process conforms to the medicine requirement.


2‐Hydroxyputrescine in seven regions of single rat brains was measured with a sensitive, specific assay by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. The regions were the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, striatum, hippocampus, and midbrain. The level of 2‐hydroxyputrescine was very high in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, high in the medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, and hippocampus, and low in the striatum and mid‐brain. The level of 2‐hydroxyputrescine in the cerebellum was significantly higher than in the striatum and midbrain.


1Telemedicine services used in the intensive care setting today, which provide continuous monitoring to hundreds of patients across multiple sites, have been in use since the year 2000. The term tele-ICU is now used to describe a concept of care in which a centralized or remotely based critical care team is networked with the bed side intensive care unit (ICU) team and patient via state-ofthe-art audiovisual communication and computer systems. 2


We present a study of the evolution of the Ga adlayer during plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy of (0001) GaN as a function of both Ga flux and growth temperature. In situ quadrupole mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively determine the adsorbed Ga coverage by monitoring its subsequent desorption after GaN growth. Independent of the growth time, the Ga adlayer was found to form steady-state coverages that increase continuously from 0 to 2.5 monolayers when raising the Ga flux from N-rich to moderate Ga-rich growth conditions. At higher Ga fluxes or lower growth temperatures, macroscopic Ga droplets form on top of the Ga adlayer (Ga droplet regime). Based on the temperature dependency for the transition between the Ga adlayer and Ga droplet regime, we determined an apparent activation energy of 3.4eV, which is discussed with respect to previously reported values.