Dr. J. C. CAMERON (Chairman of the General Medical Services Committee) moved that the relevant paragraphs of the report of the Committee relating to national insurance certification be approved. Dr. H. I. MACLEAN (G.M.S. Committee (Scotland)) suggested there could be a small but real reduction in certification. There were two purposes behind certification-the claiming of benefit and the maintenance of industrial discipline. Many unnecessary consultations took place for the latter purpose. Some certification could be eliminated if certificates were issued to women paying the " small " stamp only when they were in one of the following categories: (a) cases of industrial accident or disease; (b) earning over £9 per week and receiving earmings-related benefit, and (c) newly married and other women who had within a year changed to the small stamp. Married women in part-time employment sought consultations more frequently than others. It was not part of a general practitioner's function to provide freely for employers, public or private, certificates on matters of industrial discipline. The remedy was simplenamely, a really deterrent charge. Dr. R. S. MACKENZIE (City of Dundee) moved: "That this Conference concludes that the issue of certificates by general practitioners for National Insurance purposes is generally wasteful of medical time and pointless, and may be harmful, It results in a wastage of medical manpower at a time when it is in very short supply, it has a harmful effect upon the doctor-patient relationship, and it serves no useful purpose." It was realized, he said, that total abolition of certification, though desirable, was at the moment not really practicable. Some certification would be required. The G.M.S. Committee had been making continuing efforts to get certification reduced, and the motion urged the Conference to record its complete support for the Committee. Dr. MERVYN GOODMAN (G.M.S. Committee) said that the Health Department should be told in no uncertain terms that the profession considered certification was a waste of a doctor's time. Dr. J. C. ARTHUR (Gateshead) moved by way of amendment: "That, while seeking for as much reduction in the burden of National Insurance certification as is otherwise possible, this Conference considers it inexpedient, at present, to press for the total abolition of this contractual obligation." He agreed that much medical certification at present was a "rather futile exercise," but it was an important part of a general practitioner's contractual obligation. If a motion to abolish certification were carried the Government would be bound to resist it. It would go to the Review Body saying, " general practitioners have abdicated a large part of their official contractual obligation, so we shall have a case for paying them considerably less." The Review Body might well respond. At the moment there was a scarcity of doctors, but that scarcity might not last very long.


required extensive gabion basket protection works. In February and March 1984 the Bay of Plenty Harbour Board dumped 2.1 x 10{^}rn{3} of well sorted medium quartzo-feldspathic sand dredged from the adjacent Cutter Channel, creating an artificial beach. A programme has been implemented to monitor dispersal of the dumped sand including beach profile surveys, textural analysis of monthly samples, and detailed measurements of winds, waves and tidal currents. Results indicate that sediment transport within Pilot Bay is dominated by a strong tidal eddy associated with Cutter Channel resulting in a marked asymmetry in the tidal flows through Pilot Bay. The strength and duration of this eddy fluctuates with an apparent period of days. Possible causes of the fluctuations are attributed to wind stress and perturbations in the flood. Trends in the textural analyses and surveys indicate that the expected life of the artificial beach is about 35 years.


Introduction If two knots ιc and κ with a common arc <#, of which K, lies inside a cube Q and πf outside of it, a lying naturally on the boundary of Q, are joined together along oίy that is, if a is deleted to obtain a single knot out of K and K!', then we have by definition the product of K and K'. If a knot K cannot be the product of any two non trivial knots, then fc is said to be prime. It is H. Schubert £9] who showed that the genus of the product of two knots is equal to the sum of their genera and that every non trivial knot is decomposable in a unique way into prime knots. Now a close inspection through the table of knots by Alexander and Briggs [1] as reproduced in the book of Reidemeister [8~], where only prime knots are given, or rather a simple experiment by a thread, will show that there are a number of knots composed of prime knots in a more complicated way. Thus 85, 810, 815, 819Cw), 820Cw), 82lCw), 916, 924 and 928 of the Alexander Briggs table are all composed of two trefoil knots 3i in the following way (Fig. 1 indicates the composition of 819 out of two 30 : First join the trefoil knots K and d together along their arcs AB


Experiments on the solid state reduction of cylindrical pellets made from graphite-chromite mixtures were carried out at 1000-1500°C under Ar-CO atmospheres. The reduction was favoured by high temperatures, small pellet size, and a fine particle size of reductant. The effect of reductant addition depended on its particle size. For pellets made with 1-2 μm graphite, the reduction extent increased with increasing weight ratio of graphite to chromite W g /W c to a value of ∼0.26, and then a decrease followed. For pellets made with 45-53 μm graphite, however, the reduction percentage increased continuously with increasing W g /W c to a value of 0.49. For pellets with 7.94 mm diameter, the data for the early stage of reduction fit both an exponential law for nucleation control and an equation for chemical control with an apparent activation energy of 114 kJ mol -1 , while gas/solid diffusion through the solid product layer was most likely to be rate controlling in the late stages with an apparent activation energy of 221 kJ mol -1 . The results of the present study also showed that heat and mass transfer inside large pellets may also be rate controlling in the early stage of reduction at high temperatures.


Abstract The first and second internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) regions of the ribosomal DNA from six species, Meretrix meretrix, Cyclina sinensis, Mercenaria mercenaria, Protothaca jedoensis, Dosinia corrugata and Ruditapes philippinarum, in the family Veneridae were PCR amplified and sequenced. The size of the ITS1 sequence ranged from 522–900 bp, which was the largest range so far reported for a bivalve species, with GC contents from 57.66% to 65.62%. The size of the ITS2 sequence ranged from 281–412 bp, with GC contents from 65.21% to 67.87%. Extensive sequence variation and obvious length polymorphisms were noted for both regions in these species, and ITS2 sequence similarity was higher than that of ITS1 across species. The complete sequences of 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene were obtained by assembling ITS1 and ITS2 sequences, and the sequence length in all species was 157 bp. The phylogenetic tree of Veneridae clams was reconstructed by using ITS2 containing partial sequences of both 5.8S and 28S rDNA, and corresponding sequence information in Arctica islandica (Dahlgren et al. 2000) as an outgroup species. Tree topologies indicated that P. jedoensis has a closer relationship with M. mercenaria than with other species.


River deltas provide the most productive pastures in Central Asia. Simultaneously they are highly vulnerable to water inflow changes. The aim of this study was to conduct an economic assessment of the short- and medium-term effect of reduced water inflow on farmers' performance within the Ili Delta. Primary data were collected through 35 interviews with farmers and additional experts in 2015. Production parameters for three types of individual farms were estimated and entered into a full cost accounting. Contribution margins were calculated for three scenarios: (I) sufficient water inflow (normal situation), (II) decreasing water inflow, and (III) significantly reduced water inflow (worst case). Farmers purchase hay to adapt to pasture production loss due to decreasing water inflow. This more than doubled the variable costs of worst case in comparison to normal situation for small-, medium-, and large-scale type of individual farm. Monte Carlo simulation indicates a risk of 74% (small-scale farm) and 3% (medium-scale farm) that already variable costs will exceed revenues. Despite their high fixed costs, only large-scale individual farms generate positive net farm income from operations in the worst case due to government payments from participation in elite bull program that account for one-third of total revenue.


We use idealized 3D hydrodynamic simulations to study the dynamics and thermal structure of the circumgalactic medium (CGM). Our simulations quantify the role of cooling, stellar feedback driven galactic winds and cosmological gas accretion in setting the properties of the CGM in dark matter haloes ranging from $10^{11}$ to $10^{12}$ M$_\odot$. Our simulations support a conceptual picture in which the properties of the CGM, and the key physics governing it, change markedly near a critical halo mass of M$_{\rm crit} \approx 10^{11.5}$ M$_\odot$. As in calculations without stellar feedback, above M$_{\rm crit}$ halo gas is supported by thermal pressure created in the virial shock. The thermal properties at small radii are regulated by feedback triggered when $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}\lesssim10$ in the hot gas. Below M$_{\rm crit}$, however, there is no thermally supported halo and self-regulation at $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}\sim10$ does not apply. Instead, the gas is out of hydrostatic equilibrium and largely supported against gravity by bulk flows (turbulence and coherent inflow/outflow) arising from the interaction between cosmological gas inflow and outflowing galactic winds. In these lower mass haloes, the phase structure depends sensitively on the outflows' energy per unit mass and mass-loading, which may allow measurements of the CGM thermal state to constrain the nature of galactic winds. Our simulations account for some of the properties of the multiphase halo gas inferred from quasar absorption line observations, including the presence of significant mass at a wide range of temperatures, and the characteristic OVI and CIV column densities and kinematics. However, we underpredict the neutral hydrogen content of the $z\sim0$ CGM.


Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) can be a potential crop to intensify the rice (Oryza sativa L.) fallow land of Tripura to meet out the pulses requirement of the state. Thus, five lentil varieties, i.e. HUL-57, WBL-77, WBL-58, PL-06 and NDL-1 were demonstrated under three establishment methods, i.e. minimum till (MT), no-till (NT) and paira cropping (PC) on 75 farmers' field at Moracherra, Dhalai, Tripura during winter seasons of 2012–14 in a participatory mode to gear up the pulse production in the state. Study revealed that the cultivation of lentil under MT and NT systems resulted in more number of branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod and seed yield than those planted under PC. Hence, the farmers planted lentil under MT obtained more gross and net returns than those planted lentil under NT and PC. However, benefit to cost (B:C) ratio was significantly higher under PC than the other establishment methods. Lentil variety HUL-57 outperformed other varieties with respect to number of branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod, seed yield and also recorded the highest gross and net returns and B:C ratio followed by WBL-77, WBL-58. Therefore, study recommended the cultivation of lentil varieties HUL-57, WBL-77 and WBL-58 under minimum tillage system for intensifying the rice fallows of Tripura to boost up the pulses production in the state.


This paper presents a configuration circuit used in the FDP (FDP: Fu Dan Programmable device) FPGA chip. This circuit could write configuration data into FDP and read back data from FDP successfully. Comparing with Xilinx Virtex Series FPGA chips, the smallest configuration section of which is one data-frame, the proposed circuit could write each single memory cell in FDP, providing more flexible configuration operations. A standard configuration interface, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), is added in this circuit to replace using the expensive Xilinx Platform configuration Flash PROMs. A group of high precise sensitive amplifiers is adopted in this configuration circuit, which are used to magnify the read back data values. Through a novel write/read asynchronous FIFO structure in FDP, which divides the external interface and internal configuration circuit into two clock domains, designers could set the external clock and internal clock separately. Basic functions of the configuration circuit have been correctly verified by Altera DE2 development board platform. The post layout simulation results indicate via this configuration circuit, each data frame in FDP could be written in 4 mus, and could be read back in 5 mus. The total configuration time of FDP chip is about 6.5 ms.


Chronic alcohol consumption is a common etiology, for pellagra is frequently under-diagnosed and thus not adequately treated. A 30-year-old gentleman presented with a history of consumption of alcohol in a dependence pattern for the previous 10 years with altered sensorium and hallucinatory behavior for 3 days. He exhibited skin lesions over sun-exposed regions of both the upper and lower extremities. He was diagnosed to have complicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome and alcoholic pellagra. He was treated with oral diazepam and multivitamins containing thiamine and niacin. The patient's behavioral problems and skin lesion improved gradually. Pellagrous encephalopathy was most likely a contributing cause of behavioral abnormalities and altered sensorium in our case and it could be recognized due to the presence of the typical rash. Pellagrous encephalopathy may manifest even without skin lesion. Niacin supplementation along with standard thiamine therapy is recommended in all cases of altered sensorium in heavy alcohol users.


Facing the keen competition,Tianji coal chemical industry group Limited company applies the information management automated system to company's management day by day.It has carried on the infrastructural facilities,the database creation and the management subsystem's establishment,raised company's management level greatly.


In this article I would like to articulate the role of Stoic philosophy as a possible underlying philosophical framework that supported the so called 'Neo-Arian' theology1 represented by Aetius and Eunomius, the fourth century protagonists of the Arian movement. This movement can be thought of as a result of self-reassessment and regrouping of Arianism in the second half of the fourth century C.E. This time was marked by the Trinitarian debate reaching the state of philosophical subtlety as a number of great rhetoricians joined the controversy. As of today we know a lot about the historical course of events of the controversy and of its major protagonists. However, the very nature of their reasoning is still unclear due to the general lack of knowledge about the competing philosophical paradigms of the time. That is why it is no surprise that contemporary scholarship is quite uncertain about the philosophical roots of the controversy and about the nature of reasoning used during the clash between two competing views on the inner life of the trinity and the relationship between its hypostases. To overcome such uncertainty an appeal is made to the arguments made by the adversaries of Aetius and Eunomius and to the classifications that come out of their circles. Thus many scholars out of anxiety naturally retire to the safe resort of the ancients to make sense of a highly eclectic philosophical theology of Neo-Arians. The popular textbook evaluation of the movement attributes the philosophical roots of Neo-Arianism to Aristotelian philosophy. Some highly respected monographs follow the same line of evaluation.2 Though this attribution is not completely invalid, it is quite clear as of today that it is outdated and needs scholarly re-assessment. Among the reasons for such a state of affairs are the following: a complete reliance on certain arguments made by the Cappadocian Fathers (namely, Basil the Great, Gregory Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa) and the church historians of the time (Socrates) who classified Neo-Arians as Aristotelians


Psychiatria Danubina, 2022; Vol. 34, Suppl. 1, pp 26-888 S410 people have gradually realized the blending of cultural knowledge behind language learning. The study of British and American literature is an important part of the curriculum for English majors. It has certain learning difficulties and requires high cross-cultural learning ability for English majors. It belongs to the middle and high-level English learning curriculum. Therefore, from a cross-cultural perspective, the study analyzes the impact of cognitive impairment on the learning of British and American literature, and discusses the learning means of British and American Literature under cognitive impairment. Objective: Based on the cross-cultural theory, this paper analyzes the impact of cognitive impairment on English majors' learning of British and American literature, understands the current situation of English majors' learning of British and American literature, discusses the learning methods and Strategies of British and American literature under the condition of cognitive impairment, and hopes to put forward some suggestions on the effectiveness of English and American literature learning for students with cognitive impairment, help students with cognitive impairment improve their learning ability and efficiency of British and American literature, and cultivate strong cross-cultural awareness and ability. Research design: The study uses correlation analysis to understand the impact of cognitive impairment on students' learning of British and American literature, uses Spearman correlation coefficient to evaluate the impact of students' cognitive impairment on their learning of British and American literature, and analyzes the impact of cognitive impairment on the learning of British and American literature from three aspects: language expression, emotional connotation and literary meaning of British and American literature. The research analyzes the learning of British and American literature between students with cognitive impairment and ordinary students, understands the differences between students with cognitive impairment and ordinary students in learning style, learning efficiency and learning effect, and understands the impact of cognitive impairment on students' learning of British and American literature through comparative analysis. Results: The comparison results of the learning effects of cognitive impairment students and ordinary students on British and American literature are shown in Table 1. The learning ability of cognitive impairment students on English and American literature in language expression, emotional connotation and literary meaning is lower than that of ordinary students. The cognitive impairment has seriously affected the learning effect of students on English and American literature. Table 1. Comparison of learning effects of cognitive impairment students and ordinary students on British and American literature Survey object Students with cognitive impairment Ordinary students Language expression 1 3 Emotional connotation 2 3 Literary meaning 1 4 Conclusions: Behind language learning is the learning and accumulation of cross-cultural ability. The fundamental basis for the improvement of language learning skills lies in the individual's cross-cultural ability. The individual's learning ability in the dimensions of cross-cultural knowledge and consciousness is directly related to the individual's language learning effect. Therefore, in order to improve the learning ability of students with cognitive impairment to British and American literature, we need to start with the cross-cultural ability of students with cognitive impairment, bring the cross-cultural ability into the English and American literature learning classroom, help students with cognitive impairment perceive some vague or even non conceptual British and American literature knowledge, and strengthen the language learning ability and mastery skills of students with cognitive impairment. In the process of learning British and American literature, teachers should strengthen the cultivation of students' cross-cultural ability through various forms, carry out professional courses related to the cultivation of English majors' cross-cultural ability, and help students solve the negative impact of cognitive barriers on the learning of British and American literature.


When this Review was started in the early fifties, one would have been hard pressed to find articles in the paint literature about pollution. Some articles appeared about safety and toxicity and, of course, pollution was recognized as an undesirable factor. But that pollution, toxicity, and safety would one day occupy a major role in the activities of industry was hardly predictable.


Social media has quickly becoming tools of choice for communicating between brand and their customers. Among all social medias, instagram is seen as the most effective one, especially for fashion brands. Instagram's main function to share videos and pictures is suitable with visual communication methods that is often being used by fashion brands. Posts with high amount of likes and positive comments may increase brand awareness and can trigger positive e-WOM (Electronic Word of Mouth) among customers and potential customers. Why is communicating with consumers very important? Because in this era consumers are brands' most trustworthy and loyal marketers for company's products (Cukul, 2015). Customers are likely to believe review from their families and friends rather than reviews that is being written by the company itself (Chang, 2014). Realizing the importance of nurturing positive word of mouths among customers, this paper is going to use qualitative analysis to analyze Instagram posts of well-known local fashion brands to find out what kind of post that will generate the highest positive e-WOM feedback from the audience. Content of Instagram account of researched brands are being examined according to post type (photo / video), content type (9 elements), number of likes and reviews, photo type (amateur / professional), and shooting place (studio / outdoor / shops). Analysis is conducted to understand what kind of Instagram post that will give positive feedback from their customers. The result of this paper will serve as guidance for company to tailor interesting and engaging post hence increasing the probability of creating positive e-WOM that will increase brand image that ultimately will increase sales.


Background to the Study Research investigated the links between migration and poverty in Ethiopia in 2013. Interviews and focus groups were conducted in three locations, which incorporated both migrant sending areas (South Gondor) and destinations for migrants (Bahir Dar and Addis Ababa). The study focused on domestic and construction workers due to the high demand for labour in these two sectors in cities, which is often supplied by migrants.


This paper presents a design of fully differential low-noise amplifier (LNA) used for 60 GHz low power wireless communication in 65 nm CMOS technology. The proposed LNA consists of an input stage employing capacitive cross-coupling technique and an gain stage using current-reuse techniques. The simulated amplifier achieves both input and output matching better than -15dB, a forward gain of 15 dB, a noise figure of 4.7 dB, an input IP3 of -14dBm and the power consumption is 5 mW. The author also proposed a simple design method based on "black box" approach, which can be used for low power LNA design.


We evaluated the importance of the attachment of the oocyte to the granulosa layer, using co-culture of follicular hemi-sections with groups of 10 COCs (cumulus-oocyte complexes) or 10 DOs (denuded oocytes) and oocytes cultured within their own half-follicle. Various prod-ucts acting on protein phosphorylation (IBMX, PMA, H-7) and cellular differentiation (estrous serum, FSH, LH or estradiol) involved in follicular and nuclear maturation were also used to evaluate their effect on the capacity of the follicular wall to inhibit meiosis resumption. When oocyte were cultured within their own half-follicles, none of the treatments used in this study could significantly reverse the inhibitory action of the follicular wall on the meiotic resumption. When the contact between the oocyte and the hemi-section was ruptured (co-culture of COCs and DOs), oocytes responded differently according to whether they were surrounded or not with their cumulus cells, and inhibition of meiosis was lowered particularly with LH and PMA with COCs. These results show that the communication junctions between the oocyte and the follicle are important for the inhibitory action of the follicle and this contact between both overcome the effect of any treatment applied.


Although water transfer as an efficient method to improve water quality and control Microcystis blooms in lakes has been executed for several decades, few studies have examined effective dilution rates depending on various water qualities. Therefore, to clarify the effective dilution rate to suppress Microcystis blooms, a competitive growth simulation model developed for eutrophic conditions was utilized. A competition experiment between Microcystis sp. and Cyclotella meneghiniana under limited phosphorus and sufficient nitrogen concentration was conducted to investigate the mechanism of dilution effect and verify the broad applicability of the simulation model. Experimental results revealed that there was no remarkable discrepancy in Microcystis sp. cell density among different dilution groups (p>0.05), while C. meneghiniana cell density was significantly different between groups (p<0.05). The accuracy of the simulation model under limited phosphorus as well as sufficient nitrogen concentration was verified by comparing the simulated value with experimental results. Based on the simulated results, it was suggested that a dilution rate of over 13.3% can suppress Microcystis blooms effectively in Lake Tega, Japan, as a case study. The predicted data was also compared with the actual data collected over years in Lake Tega, and its effectiveness has been confirmed.


SUMMARY

The volume of orthopedic surgery is large and growing - over 200,000 hip and knee arthroplasties were performed in the USA alone last year - and these patients are at particularly high risk of requiring a blood transfusion. Orthopedic surgeons can significantly reduce the amount of allogeneic blood transfused by following simple guidelines. Accurate data gathering has allowed us to better target those most at risk. A wide range of strategies is available including, but not limited to, review of transfusion triggers, autologous predonation, hemodilution techniques, blood salvage and the use of perioperative erythropoietin. Some techniques are particularly suited to orthopedic surgery and the use of an algorithm can help us to select the best approach for the individual patient.


Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Numerous studies have reported Fear of Falling (FOF) among MS patients. FOF is a factor limiting physical activity. Regular physical activity is very important for maintaining good health and preventing the complications of MS patients and can make these people more active and reduce FOF. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to do a meta-analyze about the effect of exercise programs on FOF among MS patients Materials & Methods: Primary sources were obtained from 9 databases including, PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, LILACS, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Web of Science, PEDro, and Google Scholar, from inception until April 2021. Data analysis was carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis ver. 2. Results: Nine studies with 350 participants were included in the review. The results of the meta-analysis showed the effect of exercise programs on the FOF among MS patients. The Hedges' adjusted Effect Size (ES) regarding the effects of exercise programs on FOF among MS patients was -0.15 (95%CI: -0.52 - 0.22). The results of the meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the effect of exercise programs on FOF among MS patients (p=0.44). Conclusion: It was found that all exercise programs have a significant effect on FOF among MS patients. There was no statistically significant difference between exercise programs regarding which exercise programs led to a higher reduction in FOF among these patients; however, Pilates and virtual reality exercises were more effective than other exercise programs.


This work presents how to build a robot who tracks the Sun. Solar tracker robots are used to track the position of the Sun. Rotating solar panels towards the Sun can increase their efficiency considerably. Tracking the Sun can be done with photoresistors or pirheliometric sensors. Rotating solar panels towards the Sun can be done with servomotors. The control of the system can be done with a development board, which in our case is a Digilent ZedBoard with an Artix 7 FPGA. The solar tracker robot is controlled using a tracking algorithm which ca be extended to rotate wind turbines in the direction of the wind just by interchanging the photoresistors or pirheliometric sensors with wind sensors or anemometers.


A controlled release pharmaceutical composition comprising a dimensioned product with an average particle size of 60 to 300 microns, comprising (a) a drug, (b) polyethylene oxide with an average molecular weight of viscosity of 2,000,000 or more, and (c) one or two or more of a size control agent for poly (ethylene oxide) (b) selected from the group consisting of Macrogol 4000, Macrogol 6000, Macrogol 20000 or polyethylene glycol 8000, wherein of said three components, at least the size control agent (c) is uniformly dispersed in the poly (ethylene oxide) (b), and which is obtainable by spraying the size control agent in an amount of 0.5 - 3% by weight per unit of the pharmaceutical preparation in the form of an aqueous solution.


【Objective】 To investigate the dynamical changes of gastric pathology, oxidative damage and NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) expression after autologous orthotopic liver transplantation(AOLT). 【Method】 Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group, and R4h, 8 h and 16 h groups which were subjected to AOLT. Gastric specimens were collected to assay histopathological changes, levels of hydroxyl radical(·OH), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT), and Nrf2 expression. 【Results】 AOLT resulted in severe gastric injury in every AOLT group, and most dramatic in group R4h. Accompanied with significant decreases in the activity of SOD and CAT, the levels of ·OH and MDA increased markedly, at 4 h and 8 h after AOLT, which indicated oxidative damage in gastric tissues. The expressions of Nrf2 in gastric tissues decreases significantly at 4h after AOLT, and then restored gradually at 8 h and 16 h after AOLT. The correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between gastric mucosal lesion and the content of ·OH and MDA, and there were negative correlations between gastric mucosal lesion and the activity of SOD and CAT(P 0.05). However the correlations between the expressions of Nrf2 and gastric mucosal lesion, the content of ·OH and MDA were negative correlations, and there was positive correlation between the expressions of Nrf2 and the activity of CAT(P 0.05). 【Conclusion】 AOLT could resulted in severe gastric injury. The damage and restoration of gastric tissue was according with the changes of oxidation and antioxidant capacity. Up-regulation of Nrf2 expression might be beneficial to the self-healing of gastric tissue.


This paper describes the results of a series of performance tests of an inertially aided RTK (IARTK) positioning system using dual frequency GPS receivers. The system being evaluated is the Position and Orientation System for Land Vehicles (POS LV) developed by Applanix Corporation, whose design objectives are to achieve robust positioning with decimeter-level accuracy during various levels of satellite coverage ranging from total outage to complete coverage. The performance tests described here comprise a series of urban navigation tests in downtown Toronto and Tokyo. These test environments can be described as urban canyons, which severely limit GPS coverage during most of the tests. This paper first gives an overview of the POS LV and the IARTK architecture that it implements. The paper then describes the performance tests and the results that the tests generated. The performance tests comprise a series of trajectories through Toronto and Tokyo that were performed as part of demonstrations to potential POS LV customers. This paper reports one of the Tokyo tests. Consequently there was no preplanning of the trajectories. The performance is assessed from a comparison of the computed trajectories with the cities' curb maps. The performance tests demonstrate that the POS LV with IARTK is able to navigate with sub-meter accuracy through urban canyons that deny GPS coverage for tens of minutes and allows one or two satellites for most of the remainder of the trajectory, and is able to recover integer RTK within seconds of full GPS coverage. INTRODUCTION This paper presents the performance that an inertially aided real-time kinematic (IARTK) system with dual frequency GPS aiding can achieve in an urban canyon environment. The basic algorithm, architecture and experimental performance of a Position and Orientation System for Land Vehicles (POS LV) with IARTK were first presented in [1] and [2]. [3] describes the performance of IARTK with a single frequency receiver during brief (10-30 second) GPS outages in order to highlight the key advantage of inertial aiding. The work reported here is a continuation this previous work, and is focused on realistic experience with GPS-aided INS and IARTK in urban canyon environments. Robust positioning describes a positioning system's ability to maintain position data continuity and accuracy through most or all anticipated operational conditions. The operational condition of interest here is the loss of good GPS satellite visibility due to partial or total obstruction of the sky. The key performance attribute investigated here is the overall positioning accuracy that the POS LV with IARTK can achieve in an urban canyon environment. This paper is organized as follows. The paper first gives a brief overview of the POS LV that was used to conduct the tests. This is a summary of the more elaborate descriptions given in [1]-[3]. The paper then describes one of several urban canyon tests conducted with the POS LV. The test reported here was conducted in downtown Tokyo, and was in fact one of several demonstrations of the POS LV to potential customers. The Tokyo test had no preplanned route. The trajectory includes substantial sections in an underground tunnel with no GPS coverage. The paper then ends with a summary of assessed performance in these tests.


The invention provides a processing method, device and system of network addresses, a WLAN (wireless local area network) and UE (user equipment). The method comprises the steps that a receiving WLAN access network acquires a flow route strategy of the UE, and the receiving WLAN access network distributes at least one network address for the UE according to the flow route strategy of the UE. Through the adoption of the method, device and system, the WLAN and the UE, the problem that the UE is incapable of realizing forward compatibility in the authentication process is solved, and the benefic effect of improving the UE compatibility is realized.


Autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have achieved unprecedented clinical responses in patients with B-cell leukemias, lymphomas and multiple myeloma, raising interest in using CAR T cell therapies in AML. These therapies are produced using a patient's own T cells, an approach that has inherent challenges, including requiring significant time for production, complex supply chain logistics, separate GMP manufacturing for each patient, and variability in performance of patient-derived cells. Given the rapid pace of disease progression combined with limitations associated with the autologous approach and treatment-induced lymphopenia, many patients with AML may not receive treatment. Allogeneic CAR T (AlloCAR T) cell therapies, which utilize cells from healthy donors, may provide greater convenience with readily available off-the-shelf CAR T cells on-demand, reliable product consistency, and accessibility at greater scale for more patients. To create an allogeneic product, the TRAC and CD52 genes are inactivated in CAR T cells using Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nuclease (TALEN®) technology. These genetic modifications are intended to minimize the risk of graft-versus-host disease and to confer resistance to ALLO-647, an anti-CD52 antibody that can be used as part of the conditioning regimen to deplete host alloreactive immune cells potentially leading to increased persistence and efficacy of the infused allogeneic cells.
 We have previously described the functional screening of a library of anti-FLT3 single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) and the identification of a lead FLT3 CAR with optimal activity against AML cells and featuring an off-switch activated by rituximab. Here we characterize ALLO-819, an allogeneic FLT3 CAR T cell product, for its antitumor efficacy and expansion in orthotopic models of human AML, cytotoxicity in the presence of soluble FLT3 (sFLT3), performance compared with previously described anti-FLT3 CARs and potential for off-target binding of the scFv to normal human tissues.
 To produce ALLO-819, T cells derived from healthy donors were activated and transduced with a lentiviral construct for expression of the lead anti-FLT3 CAR followed by efficient knockout of TRAC and CD52. ALLO-819 manufactured from multiple donors was insensitive to ALLO-647 (100 µg/mL) in in vitro assays, suggesting that it would avoid elimination by the lymphodepletion regimen.
 In orthotopic models of AML (MV4-11 and EOL-1), ALLO-819 exhibited dose-dependent expansion and cytotoxic activity, with peak CAR T cell levels corresponding to maximal antitumor efficacy. Intriguingly, ALLO-819 showed earlier and more robust peak expansion in mice engrafted with MV4-11 target cells, which express lower levels of the antigen relative to EOL-1 cells (n=2 donors).
 To further assess the potency of ALLO-819, multiple anti-FLT3 scFvs that had been described in previous reports were cloned into lentiviral constructs that were used to generate CAR T cells following the standard protocol. In these comparative studies, the ALLO-819 CAR displayed high transduction efficiency and superior performance across different donors. Furthermore, the effector function of ALLO-819 was equivalent to that observed in FLT3 CAR T cells with normal expression of TCR and CD52, indicating no effects of TALEN® treatment on CAR T cell activity.
 Plasma levels of sFLT3 are frequently increased in patients with AML and correlate with tumor burden, raising the possibility that sFLT3 may act as a decoy for FLT3 CAR T cells. To rule out an inhibitory effect of sFLT3 on ALLO-819, effector and target cells were cultured overnight in the presence of increasing concentrations of recombinant sFLT3. We found that ALLO-819 retained its killing properties even in the presence of supraphysiological concentrations of sFLT3 (1 µg/mL).
 To investigate the potential for off-target binding of the ALLO-819 CAR to human tissues, tissue cross-reactivity studies were conducted using a recombinant protein consisting of the extracellular domain of the CAR fused to human IgG Fc. Consistent with the limited expression pattern of FLT3 and indicative of the high specificity of the lead scFv, no appreciable membrane staining was detected in any of the 36 normal tissues tested (n=3 donors).
 Taken together, our results support clinical development of ALLO-819 as a novel and effective CAR T cell therapy for the treatment of AML.

 Sommer: Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Cheng:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Yeung:Pfizer Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Nguyen:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Sutton:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Melton:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Valton:Cellectis, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Poulsen:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Djuretic:Pfizer, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Van Blarcom:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Chaparro-Riggers:Pfizer, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Sasu:Allogene Therapeutics, Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership.


(57) Abstract: joint that connects the parts (16, 18) which so was extruded to form a container (10) such as pressure container for storing liquid propane (20) is disclosed. Joint (20) is provided with a tab (22) of a pair of symmetrically in cross-section, each of said tabs (22) are provided on the arc-shaped outer wall portion adjacent (16). Tab (22) includes a neck portion of the proximal end (30), there is a form that is in contact engagement so as to form a boss (28) having a body portion of the terminal (32). Joint (10) also holding members (40) provided at the end of the internal web portion (18) is also provided. Holding member (40) is a form of restraining boss (28). Seal weld to seal at the seams exposed adjacent tab (24) (28) is utilized.


Since founded in 2004, Zhuhai City Polytechnic actively explored the ternary jointly built specialties by industries, colleges and enterprises After 7 years practices, in 2011, it took a brave research and innovation towards "Double Ternary System" vocational education mode, which consists of 'government-college-enterprise' and 'industry-college-enterprise'. On 19th April, 2016, 'China Education Daily' published an article by Liu Huaqiang, president of Zhuhai City Polytechnic named 'How Should Higher Vocational Colleges 'Precisely' Optimize Professional courses--Thinking and exploration on Chinese characteristics 'Double Ternary System " Vocational Education Mode '. The article puts forward 'Double Ternary System' Vocational Education Mode. In order to better, comprehensively and systematically understand the formation and development, main content and practical effects of "Double Ternary System" Vocational Education Mode , today we outline Zhuhai City Polytechnic's "Double Ternary System" Vocational Education Mode. The Formation and Development of "Double Ternary System" The Formation of "Double Ternary System" Vocational Education Theory. Background. Since early 2000s, Chinese higher vocational education stepped in to express development period, while Chinese economy accelerated its deep transformation. With the new industrial challenges of the third technological revolution, China need urgently and widely develop higher vocational education to support its economy structure transformation. Every industries face a huge demands of technical and innovative talents, while the quality of current higher vocational education cannot reach the target. With the evaluation of higher vocational education in 2003 and National Demonstration Colleges program since 2005, a major issue raised by most higher vocational colleges, which is how to enhance the connotations construction, and how to reform and innovation of colleges system and talents cultivation. Colleges widely cooperate with domestic and overseas to explore pre-order, factory in schools, or schools in factory's talent cultivation. But still we need a long-term and fundamental solution to ensure the cooperation between colleges and enterprises. Practical basis. The surging jointly cooperation between colleges and enterprises, industry and students among all the country wide higher vocational colleges comes along with all kinds of exploration of reforms and talent cultivation, which also bring lot of research cases for Zhuhai City Polytechnic. Zhuhai City Polytechnic has set up a 'Double Ternary System' reform and innovation team, deeply studied all kind of higher vocational education theories that Represented by the German "dual system" vocational education series theory. With thoroughly practices, analyzing the deeper reality, the unremitting exploration bring a solid foundation for our finally theory formation of 'double ternary system'. Theoretical basis. The purpose of higher vocational education is to provide high quality skilled talents, while the ecological factors will rely and interact with each other. By analyze the colleges, government, industry, enterprise four factors, and research from micro, meso and macro three levels, we can explore the viable model of talent cultivation under education ecosystem. Micro level means ecological core built by enterprise and colleges, meso level is the ecological basis built by industry, colleges and enterprises, while macro level is the ecological pools by all other external factors. This three level jointly cooperate and promote the practice exploration of double ternary system. 5th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (SSEHR 2016) © 2016. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 886 In German, the dual system by enterprise and colleges get legislation support. There is a gap to imitate its dual system to China, which include requiring government policy support, lacking law to define the cooperation, and the low ambition participating of enterprise and colleges. Zhuhai City Polytechnic first comes with double ternary system, the theory combined 'government-colleges-enterprises' and 'industry-colleges-enterprise'. Practices proves it is a successful localization exploration of German dual system. Figures 1 shows the details of double ternary system. "Double Ternary System" Personnel Training Ecosystem Figure: The Development of "Double Ternary System" Vocational Education Mode Theory. The exploration of "Ternary Co-construction". Since founded in 2004, Zhuhai City Polytechnic has actively been exploring the specialties built by industry, schools, and enterprises ternary cooperation jointly. Due to the big number of SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) and the active industry organizations in Zhuhai City, Zhuhai City Polytechnic took the lead in exploring the personnel training model of Ternary Co-construction(industry-college-enterprise) , and succeeded in declaring teaching reform project of Guangdong Education Department on" The Research and Practice on the reform of Ternary Mode in Higher Vocational Education" .Our secondary school —— Engineering and Information School has been chosen as the pilot school in 2005, whose successful experience has been widely promoted in 2008.Then we have established cooperative relationship with 19 industry organization ,including Zhuhai Chamber of Commerce of Importers & Exporters, Zhuhai Tourism Association, Zhuhai Chamber of Commerce of Logistics & Purchasing etc. And we have launched 3 industry organizations: Zhuhai Association of Vocational Education and Adult Education, Zhuhai Association of Social Work , Zhuhai Association of Automation. The initial effects have been achieved in the exploration of " Ternary Co-construction". A shift from"Ternary System" to "Double Ternary System".Learning the German "dual system" has a long history in Chinese vocational schools. Combining the school-running system and mechanism of college-enterprise, the personnel training model has been widely spread. While there are still many problems existing in the practice of "college -enterprise" cooperation, for lack of the government-led policy, the legal deficiency of college -enterprise cooperation, the "enthusiasm gap" in enterprise participation, and the difficulty of meeting the regional economic demand of high-qualified talents etc, so are existing issues in Zhuhai City Polytechnic. Therefore, based on the


In large-cities, urban rail networks usually involve more than two connected lines and passengers mostly transfer several times to reach their destinations. Thus, the coordination of train timetables in different lines has become a key issue in recent years for improving the transfer convenience of passengers. In this paper, we first propose a synchronization quality index (SQI) to qualitatively evaluate the transfer convenience of passengers, and we develop a bi-objective optimization approach for the coordination of train timetables, where the objectives are to optimize both SQI and average waiting time of passengers. We also construct a mixed integer nonlinear programming formulation by considering the time-dependent properties of passenger demand and their transfers among multiple transit lines. Further, we adopt a local search, a simulated annealing algorithm and a genetic algorithm to solve the proposed model. A real-world instance based on the passenger demand data in Beijing Metro Network is conducted to verify the effectiveness of our approach. By comparing with the current (uncoordinated) timetable in Beijing Metro, our solution can improve the value of SQI by 31.28% and reduce the passenger waiting time by 3.49 %.


Laser beams that contain phase singularities can be generated with computer-generated holograms, which in the simplest case have the form of spiral Fresnel zone plates.


Breast milk is considered the gold standard of infant nutrition. However , many women around the world lack the ability to breastfeed their children due to disease , malnutrition , time constraints , or cultural considerations. Human breast milk banks exist to collect and distribute breast milk , allowing the greatest number of infants to have access to safe breast milk for optimal nutrition. To ensure the safety of the breast milk that is donated and distributed , milk banks must pasteurize and test donated breast milk for biological hazards such as bacteria. While pasteurization methods in the United States and other highly developed nations are reliable , they are often costly and resource intensive. In developing nations , high-throughput , consistent pasteurization methods are rarely available , resulting in a higher risk of donated breast milk samples containing harmful bacteria , such as Escherichia coli. MilkGuard is a hydrogel-based biosensor intended to detect Escherichia coli (E. coli) in samples of donated breast milk. The sensor functions to indicate the concentration of E. coli bacteria present in a sample of donated breast milk through a colorimetric change. In order to produce a functional biosensor , this project included iterative reproducibility and accuracy tests to confirm MilkGuard's capability of consistently detecting and indicating the presence of small concentrations of E. coli bacteria. By improving the induction and lysing processes of E. coli , this project optimized the protocol through which MilkGuard's effectiveness can be evaluated. Through the use of COMSOL Multiphysics software , this project modelled the physics of MilkGuard's reaction to optimize the thickness of the sensor. Our goal is to improve the reproducibility and accuracy of MilkGuard to create a more robust sensor that can save lives by determining the safety of donated human breast milk before distribution to vulnerable infants.


Three-dimensional transient responses of porous media under moving source excitations with finite frequency components are theoretically studied. We discuss three free-surface drainage conditions: permeable—"open pore", impermeable—"closed pore", and partially permeable boundaries that are firstly considered. The transient responses of vertical displacements and pore fluid pressures triggered by the sources moving on the surface are investigated. Typical surface drainages, moving velocities, material permeabilities and source wavelets are discussed in detail. It is concluded that the R1 surface wave carries the strongest energy as that for stationary source configurations. Moreover, it has higher sensitivity to surface drainage condition than body waves in the responses of peak amplitudes and locations of the wave forms. The apparent moving velocities of the exciting source toward the receiver may cause 'blue shift' in frequency responses, that is, the higher moving velocity triggers more obvious dominating frequency shift.


After the dramatic developments in the areas of trade and market jam with multiple and diverse companies and products as well as the strong competition among these companies to achieve profit, e-commerce emerged as one of the means of modern commerce that contributedsignificantly to change the future of business and facilitating the process of buying and selling online more efficiently leading tostrengthen the competitive position of companies through its role in marketing electronic products, facilitating the process of obtaining products and services by customers on specific time and reducing the cost of marketing at the least possible limit. The multiple marketing costs are an important part of the total cost of the final product. Most companies achieve their goals not only by production but also by marketing their products properly. So, the interest in marketing costs of and following all roads to contribute to help the management in the process of planning and drawing up salespolicies to make it easier to control costs and assist the department of making in talking the proper decisions related to the marketing activity which heavily affect the level of company's sales and earnings. Keywords: communication, e-commerce, technology, marketing cost


thought that even when they qualified they had little idea of what was ahead of them or what their options were. Many eventually made their career choices by exclusion. Many doctors thought that it was important to do preregistration jobs in teaching hospitals: "If you pursue a hospital specialty in your own teaching hospital you cultivate friends in high places and that matters if you want to get on." Such personal patronage was thought to carry more weight than written references. A woman consultant from the 1966 cohort said: "The phone call is tremendously important. Written references are absolutely useless and always standard. . .," and a man from the 1981 group summarised the views of many: "It's hardly surprising that the chap who's got an influential friend gets the job when there are dozens of applicants with very similar qualifications and experiences. . . ." It was widely agreed that the "old boy" network did not exist for women and that any woman who was not able to cultivate an influential patron was unlikely to advance far up the ladder. There were surprisingly few differences between men and women in the study. Although the women graduating in 1966 had taken longer than the men to reach the grades of registrar, senior registrar, and consultant the average time to do so for graduates in 1976 was more similar, and so far the 1981 men and women have progressed through the training grades at fairly equal rates. There was no evidence that women doctors were taking much time off work to have families. The biggest difference between the sexes was in the amount of part time work they did. Women from the 1966 group had spent about half as long as men in full time jobs, although both sexes emphasised that part time work in medicine was often as much of a commitment as a full time job in any other career. Marriage and children were seen as obstacles to career plans by doctors of both sexes. Many mentioned the difficulties of moving from job to job if a spouse also had to find work. This was especially so when doctors were married to other doctors. Although 81% of women with children saw them as restraining their careers compared with only 30% of men with children, men too resented the way that a medical career may diminish family life. The statement: "I preferred to be at home playing with the baby than looking after somebody else's" was made by a man. There was little evidence of obvious discrimination against women but a general feeling that so much ofthe appointments procedure was secret that it would be hard to prove anything. Nearly a quarter of the women graduating in 1976 thought that they had been discriminated against on sexual grounds compared with 7% of those graduating in 1981. Both sexes were asked questions about family life at interviews, but women reported more detailed questioning and often found it offensive: "I was asked who wore the pants in our family." One woman consultant had even been asked if all her children were by the same father. The most disconcerting finding of this study is the tremendous amount of disillusionment and regret among doctors of both sexes and all ages. Commonly expressed frustrations included lack of resources, fewer suitable career posts, long hours for comparatively poor pay, conflicts with personal interests, absence of job security, and the paucity of opportunities to deviate from the "straight and narrow" career path. Sixteen per cent of the 1966 group, 28% of the 1976 group, and 46% of the 1981 group had felt regret about their career at some stage. Many unhappy doctors wished they had not entered medicine. This study should be the basis for introducing changes in the medical career structure, and it ends with some recommendations. Realistic career advice must be given at school so that pupils have some idea of what a career in medicine will mean. Personal assessment and career advice should be offered throughout medical school and beyond. The formal training requirements are too rigid and must be relaxed with no discrimination against doctors who have taken longer than average to reach a given stage or have arrived at it by an unconventional route. Whether personal patronage is compatible with equal opportunities should be examined. Questions asked at interviews should conform to the guidelines of the Equal Opportunities Commission, and no question should be asked of women that would not be asked of men. Part time training should be encouraged, and part time career posts should be extended. Job sharing should be reviewed. Women doctors who have had a break in their careers should have retraining, and an assessment should be made of those specialties in which women are underrepresented. Mr Tony Newton, Minister of Health, has welcomed the study, and the DHSS is sponsoring two conferences on it later this year. Some people are irritated by suggestions that women should have special provisions made for them. Many of the women doctors graduating in 1966 were resentful of women who wanted to "have their cake and eat it." The great achievement of this study is that it has shown that the problems that restrict women in medicine affect men too. We can now campaign to have things improved for the good of the whole workforce. "Men doctors should also be able to be more involved with their families.... Whatever would help women would equally help men." STELLA LOWRY Assistant editor, BMJ


We report the discovery of a new slowly pulsating B star, with the largest number of detected frequencies to date by more than a factor of 3, based on 37 days of MOST (Microvariability and Oscillations of STars ) satellite guide star photometry. The star HD 163830 ( , B5 II/III) varies in 20 detected frequencies in the range V p 9.3 0.035–1.06 day 1 (0.4–12.3 mHz) with amplitudes from 0.7 to 7.6 mmag (with a signal-to-noise ratio from 4 to 41). Eighteen of these frequencies are consistent with low-degree, high-order nonradial g-modes of seismic models of an evolved 4.5 M, star. We are unable to identify one unique model due to lack of mode identifications. The lowest two frequencies may be associated with the rotation of HD 163830, but firm proof of this must await future spectroscopic data. Subject headings: stars: early-type — stars: fundamental parameters — stars: individual (HD 163830) — stars: oscillations — stars: rotation


Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) is an NIH/NHGRI-funded effort dedicated to building an authoritative central resource that defines the clinical relevance of genes and variants for use in precision medicine and research. ClinGen has developed both gene and variant expert panels to adapt the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines for consistent and accurate variant classification of specific genes and diseases. Here, we describe a new effort initiated in 2018 and supported by the American Society of Hematology (ASH) in collaboration with ClinGen to develop expert panels. This effort was motivated by the increasing use of genomics in clinical hematology and the lack of resources containing expert interpretation of germline variation. This panel, named the ClinGen Myeloid Malignancy Variant Curation Expert Panel is focused on the curation and annotation of variants in genes associated with familial/inherited risk for myeloid malignancies. Our team consists of expert clinicians, clinical laboratory diagnosticians, and researchers interested in developing and implementing standardized protocols for sequence variant specific annotations of genes in inherited myeloid malignancies. The optimization of the ACMG/AMP guidelines encompasses disease-/gene-informed specifications or strength adjustments of existing rules, including defining gene-specific population frequency cutoffs, and specifying recommendations for the use of computational/predictive data, as supported by published functional and clinical data in addition to guidance on ACMG/AMP variant interpretation provided by the ClinGen effort. Our initial focus has been to organize sub-groups of teams to develop approaches for evaluating ACMG/AMP codes to interpret germline variants of the RUNX1 gene. Once the curation of RUNX1 variants is underway, we will extend our focus to include CEBPA, DDX41, ETV6, and GATA2. These efforts will be bolstered by encouraging submission of existing variant interpretations to ClinVar or other public variant databases by the Hematology community. In summary, the ClinGen Myeloid Malignancy Variant Curation Expert Panel aims to develop recommendations to optimize ACMG/AMP criteria for standardization of variant interpretation in myeloid leukemia genes and make expert-reviewed and interpreted variants available to the hematology community through ClinVar and the ClinGen website (www.clinicalgenome.org) to support patient care and research.

 DiNardo: Karyopharm: Honoraria; Agios: Consultancy; Medimmune: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria. Nichols:Incyte: Research Funding; Alpine Immune Sciences: Research Funding. Plon:Baylor Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


NOCTURNAL radiative cooling of buildings has been studied extensively, particularly in the years following the energy crisis of the 1970s, when issues of energy conservation in buildings received considerable attention. The theoretical aspects of the subject were covered thoroughly by, among others, Clark and Berdahl [1]. Gordon and Zarmi [2] described the transient behavior of an unutilized radiator, expressing the relationship between the stagnation temperature, the relaxation time and the effective temperature of the surroundings. Givoni [3] reviewed the basic physics describing the phenomenon and evaluated a number of strategies proposed to utilize its potential. In fact a number of workable systems were developed and implemented on experimental buildings. The biggest success in the field was claimed by Hay [4, 5], developer of the "Skytherm" system. A number of versions of this design were constructed, in Las Cruces (N.M.), Phoenix (Ariz.) and Atascadero (Ca.). These buildings were monitored, and their interiors remained comfortable even under extreme ambient conditions. However, no data is given on the contribution of radiative cooling alone to the total thermal performance of the houses. The effectiveness of all radiative cooling systems may in fact be quite limited. This is because nocturnal longwave radiation from materials commonly found on the earth's surface is rarely more than 100 W m -2, under ideal meteorological conditions. By comparison, noon-time solar radiation levels in excess of 1000 W m -2 are common in many countries, and even solar heating systems installed in high-latitude countries can rely on solar radiation levels of several hundred watt/square metre for at least part of the day. Since the potential for radiative cooling of buildings is


"This is another potential growth industry and jobs generator for Western Australia and South Australia aside from mining – using our natural abundance of sunlight and year-round good climate," Professor Borowitzka said. "We have achieved production rates of 50 tonnes per hectare per year, over half of which is converted to oil. These high production rates are expected to increase at the new pilot plant due to the even better climatic conditions in Karratha."


Colonial place names (= CPNs) constitute a specific category of toponyms, namely the class of place names which are attested in documents of the era of colonialism (c. 1415–c. 1999) as labels employed (a) by (mostly European) colonizers for reference to geo-objects in the territory of the (mostly extra-European) colonized or (b), most frequently in the shape of street-names commemorating events, person, or places related to the colonialist enterprise, as expression of colonial ambitions of (mostly European) colonizers in their home-countries. CPNs are a very promising field of research for students of (not only colonial) history, political science, postcolonialism, law, geography, cartography, literary studies, onomastics, etc. CPNs are crucially involved in the discursive creation of power relations and are relevant to identity issues not the least in the context of decolonization and postcolonial reactions to CPNs. This considerable academic potential notwithstanding, CPNs have only recently been acknowledged as a research objects in their own right. The idea that it is worthwhile studying CPNs comprehensively and systematically has developed within the domain of linguistics, more specifically within the newly established research program of colonial linguistics. Proponents of this innovative branch of language studies have highlighted that across the different (mostly European) colonialisms CPNs display a remarkably homogeneous behavior in the sense that their structural and semantic properties tend to be similar independent of the language of colonizers so that it is possible to postulate a canonical type of CPN. This similarity is a proven fact in the domain of exonyms and hybrids, i.e., in the case of CPNs which consist either completely or partly of elements which are taken directly from the language of the colonizers. As to endonyms (= CPNs which exclusively involve elements which—at least superficially—stem from languages of the colonized), future research will reveal whether it is possible to formulate generalizations also over this segment of the colonial toponomasticons. The study of CPNs calls for interdisciplinary cooperation. Since this cooperation is as yet still in its infancy the bibliography focuses on those scholarly contributions which are equipped with a discernible linguistic component. This means that this article avoids mentioning the extant uncommented gazetteers and other list-like inventories of CPNs as published by colonial or other governmental authorities whose purpose is not of an academic nature.


Crisis processes experienced in the international system and power gaps that emerged afterwards result in the new hegemonic powers filling that gap. In his work on the Peleponnesian War, Greek Historian Thukididis explains the crises in the history of the whole world when he says "when one power is regressing and fears the competition of another rising power, the roads to wars open up one after the other." Regardless of the type and extent of the crises, emerging forces are obliged to protect their new areas beyond protecting their own fields. Although these areas differ in the new global system, they have opened new doors at a time when the era of total war is over. Here, in these newly established 'game theories', countries have adopted new theories, while shifting the power struggle to another area. In this study, we will discuss how the European Union tries to establish the balance of power in the world system that is faced with a pandemic crisis and the struggle of European countries to become hegemonic power by using interdependence while integrating into this system.


A new type of thin film heat transfer gauge is applied to the measurements of heat-transfer coefficients in the interaction regions of oblique shock waves and fully developed turbulent boundary layers. It has been developed for the measurements of heat flux with high spatial resolution and fast response for wind tunnels with long flow duration. Experiments have been performed under the conditions of Mach number=4, total pressure=1.2MPa, Tw/T0=0.59-0.65, Reynolds number=1.3-1.5×107, and incident shock angles from 17.8 degrees to 22.8 degrees. Flow fields are visualized by the Schlieren technique. Both distributions of surface pressure and heat-transfer coefficient are measured throughout the interaction regions by scanning the shock generator parallel to the free stream. Owing to the high spatial resolution of the new sensor, complicated features of the aerodynamic heating in the interaction regions are revealed.


Alvinella pompejana is a polychaetous annelid inhabiting the surface of deep sea hydrothermal chimneys along the ridge of the east part of the Pacific ocean. The main characteristic of this emblematic species is its habitat, which is very aggressive considering its temperature. The exceptional thermotolerance of this species (up to 80℃) has been the subject of much controversy. This review is focused on the thermal adaptation of this worm regarding molecular data relative to its extracellular matrix and life history traits.


This year's public expenditure white paper setting out the plans for 1985-6 to 1987-8 shows just why the BMA's leaders got no change out of the health ministers when they saw them last week to protest about the limited list. That £100m saving it is said to achieve is important. Last year the increase for family practitioner services was £200m, but the white paper shows that for 1985-6 it will be only £100m. Although Mr Fowler presents them in the best possible light, there is no doubt that all the figures have to be looked at with more than usual caution since no account is taken ofthe massive bill which will follow settlement of the miners' strike or of the slump in the value ofthe poundand the rise in interest rates. Buton the whole, Mr Fowler's health budget, this concession to Mr Nigel Lawson, Chancellor of the Exchequer, apart, has come out well enough. Spending next year is planned to increase by over £600m, rising from £15 778m to £16471m, and over the three year period it is planned to go up by about £2300m or 51⁄2/2%. The government's stated primary objective for the National Health Service is to make the best use ofthe resources available and, the white paper makes clear, the government remains committed to the principle that it should be financed largely from taxation with management and efficiency being improved. It also states bluntly more than once-that ministers are "committed to ensuring expenditure on drugs is more cost effective and that the sharply rising drugs bill is curbed." Mr Fowler said that spending on hospital and community services would increase by some £500m next year and by some £1400m over the three year period. That allowed a lead of 1% over the rate forecast for inflation-it is currently put at around 4 90/%and recognised the -increasing numbers of elderly people. He claimed-though doctors might well challenge him-that the extra resources being provided and the greater efficiency being secured would enable the hospital service not only to keep pace with demographic pressures but to make real improvements in services. On the family practitioner services the white paper says that about £100m more will be spent in 1985-6, and by 1987-8 spending will have risen by £500m. Mr Fowler emphasised that the savings achieved on the drugs bill, partly through the limited list, partly through tighter control of drug company profits, would enable the family practitioner service to meet demand. The development ofthe service to achieve more cost effective care will be discussed in the long awaited green paper, which now seems unlikely to appear before the early summcr. The expectation of its appearance next month to coincide with the reviews of the social services system has been dashed: it seems that ministers read the draft (heavily based on the Binder Hamlyn report) and decided that it concentrated too heavily on manpower and finance and did not fit in with the kind of new look that they wanted. The document is being rewritten from scratch and will look at things very much from the patient's point of view-in other words, it will be controversial. So delay is not unwelcome since they have enough on their plate at the moment. Mr Michael Meadowcroft, the Liberal party's health spokesman, took a very dim view of the white paper, claiming that it marked "a


Drill rod sticking,burying and breaking are common accidents in wire-line coring drilling.Obstacle-avoiding by sidetracking is an ideal choice,accident treating time can be greatly shortened to save the borehole from being abandoned and reduce the loss brought by accident.The paper introduced a case in Chongqing,PDM directional sidetracking was used for obstacle-avoiding branch with success.


tumor types: lung (14%), Head and neck (13%), prostate and bladder (11%), breast (10%), median of 3 previous lines of treatment.Molecular profiling with CGH and NGS was performed in 510 (80%) and 565 patients (88%) respectively, with median analysis turnaround of 21 days. Clinical significant molecular alterations were found in 288 patients (45%), most frequently in PTEN/PI3K/AKT (n = 84), FGFR/FGF (n = 46), KRAS/NRAS/HRAS (n = 24), HER2/EGFR (n = 22/18) pathways. Patients with rare genomic alterations were also identified (eg MDM2, MET, AR, ALK, KIT, and ROS1 alterations among others).Therapy could be personalised in 141 patients (49%) with matched targeted therapy or dedicated phase I clinical trials. Preliminary results of WES and RNAseq as well as the response rate of patients with specific molecular alterations treated with matched targeted therapies will be updated and presented at the TAT meeting. Conclusions: Our updated results confirm in a larger cohort of patients the feasibility of molecular characterisation of cancer patients in routine clinical practice. Such approach allows the enrichment of early-phase clinical trials with specific and rare genomic alterations


In this paper, we first briefly review the collaborative communication technology, and indicate that current intrasystem collaboration mainly focuses on collaboration of limited fields and cognition of some specific aspects, while inter-system collaboration has been simply used to provide access flexibility. This motivates the design of a more generalized framework: namely Collaborative HarmOnic Radio Ubiquitous network System (CHORUS). This framework is designed to achieve optimized performance gain and environmental friendliness by cognitive synergetics in the ubiquitous radio network environment. The idea of cognition is generalized by inspecting the status and parameters of multiple network scales and layers. Based on the cognitive result, harmonic control of collaborative and ubiquitous radio network systems can be applied to globally optimize the network performance. We present the detailed architecture and key aspects of CHORUS, and also provide several examples of the technical solutions of CHORUS.


Enhui 264,developed from the cross of two restorer lines Enhui 58 as the female and Duoxi 1 as the male by the Hubei Enshi Prefectural Academy of Agricultural Sciences,is a new late-maturing medium indica restorer line in rice.It is characteristic of durable blast resistance,strong restoring ability,high combining ability and good plant type.The hybrid combination II You 264(II-32 A/Enhui 264) performed well in integrated characteristics and was certified and released to commercial production by the Hubei Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in April,2006.Some other new hybrids derived from Enhui 264 such as Zhongyou 264,Jinyou 264 and You I 264,showed also high yielding ability and moderate blast resistance in various yield trials.


Abstract Mango ( Mangifera indica L .) fruit is valuable in Kenya due to its nutritive and economic value. However, at least 40 to 45% of the fruit is lost during postharvest handling due to inadequate storage facilities. This study therefore aimed at investigating the influence of near infrared reflection (NIR) and evaporative cooling (EC) on shelf-lives and quality of mango fruits. Mature green Apple and Kent mangoes are the most common varieties in Lower Eastern part of Kenya were stored in NIR store (S NR ) and evaluated on daily basis against the fruits stored in an equivalent non-NIR store (S NNR ). Room conditions (R C ) were used as control experiment. The shelf-lives and quality attributes of the fruits which included physiological weight, colour and firmness were evaluated. Digital scale, Minolta colour difference meter and penetrometer were used to measure the physiological weight, colour and firmness, respectively.Results analysis showed significant difference ( P 0.05) on the colour of the peel or flesh of the Apple. The S NR had no significant effect ( P >0.05) on the firmness of the peel or flesh for Apple except for Kent. This study showed that the combination of NIR and EC has a potential of improving the shelf-life and quality of mango fruit. This technology can provide an applicable solution to storage challenges facing subsistence mango farmers. Key words: Apple and Kent mangoes, near infrared reflection, evaporative cooling, storage, Kenya


This paper gives an in-depth analysis to the important characteristics about the Harvard education,management and personnel training from the aspects of admission standards,curriculum reform,teaching mode,tutorial system,students management,teachers recruitment and so on.Moreover,it discusses the inspirations of the Harvard University education model on China's higher education management.


Kerala is a best off-shore destination of BPO industry because of low costs, high quality workforce, location attractiveness, capability and efficiency. Kerala BPO's have tremendous growth but low retention rate dampening the growth of this sector. The main challenges of human resource managers are retention of star employees and skill shortages, so human resource management force to make some policies and strategies to retain their best employees.Various factors affecting employee retention in BPO companies have been discussed in the academic literature over the years. This study is conducted to find out the main causes of employee turnover and controlling practices for retaining employees in the organization through structured questionnaire on a sample size of 600 respondents from BPO's in Kerala. The results showed that there is a positive impact of factors affecting employee retention.


This publication focuses on Transdisciplinarity and inconsistency of the evaluations processes taught at Ceilan High School, Bugalagrande Township, Valle del Cauca, without link between knowledge areas. The problematic happen in the fields of education, where Transdisciplinarity and Pedagogical Evaluation are discussed from angle open, critical and complex, through the construction of own methodology for understand the categories, in relation to the context of Ceilan and the lives of students.


This report describes the activities of the Heavy Ion Physics Group at the University of California, Riverside from October 1, 1991 to September 30, 1992. During this period, the program focused on particle production at AGS energies, and correlation studies at the Bevalac in nucleus-nucleus central collisions. As part of the PHENIX collaboration, contributions were made to the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report (pCDR), and work on a RHIC silicon microstrip detector R&D project was performed.


Based upon the comprehensive study to the organic geochemistry,bio-geochemistry,microbiology and geology,the paper finished the modeling to biochemical hydrocarbon generation for some kinds of algae under different sedimentary environments and complicated biochemical conditions,and the thermal modeling to hydrocarbon generation under the watering and pressured condition for the lake-floor sludge,studied systemically the hydrocarbon generating mechanism of organic matter from biochemical stage during the early period of deposition to the thermal catalysis at low temperature during the middle and late periods of diageneses,set up a hydrocarbon generating model for algal organic matter under different sedimentary environments,analyzed the characteristics of organism marks and the diagnostic criterium to the hydrocarbon generation of algae and bacterium,and suggested the hydrocarbon generation mechanism featured by early and multiple stages continuity for algal organic matter.


Abstract A monostable multi-vibrator circuit can be adjusted to work as a free-running one. Such circuits, using valves, have been described in detail by many workers. This report describes a transistor monostable multi-vibrator circuit which runs as a free-running circuit. Its operation is explained qualitatively and quantitatively and experimental results are given.


No. 16, discovered by Shapley, approximately 200" west* 190" south of nucleus, nearly superposed upon a nebulous spot of magnitude 18.5, appears first on a plate made by Benioff on August ist at the secondary focus of the 60-inch, with estimated magnitude 17.1. It appears on subsequent plates by Duncan and Sanford. The nova was verified visually by Shapley August 2nd at the secondary focus of the 100-inch telescope—apparently the first visual record of a nova in the Andromeda nebula since No. T appeared in 1885. Harlow Shapley, J. C. Duncan.


This Special Issue of Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) covers an indeed very "special" (at least to me) family of highly evolutionarily conserved genes, the Hox genes.[...].


Orientation: Cultural intelligence (CQ) is a relatively new construct to academia that has recently gained increasing attention. Its relevance in a multicultural context like South Africa is apparent since cultural interaction between different ethnic groups is unavoidable. Research purpose: The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between personality, identity and CQ amongst young Afrikaans-speaking South Africans. Research approach, design and method: A quantitative research design was used in this study. This study was cross-sectional in nature. For the purpose of this study, a sample of young South African university students ( N = 252) was used. The personal identity subscale from the Erickson Psychosocial Stage Inventory, the Multi-Ethnic Identity Measure, the Religious Identity Short Scale, the South African Personality Inventory questionnaire and the Four Factor Model of Cultural Intelligence Scale were applied as the measuring instruments. Main findings: Religious identity and ethnic identity have a relationship with cognitive CQ. Soft-heartedness and conscientiousness have a relationship with behavioural CQ. Also, soft-heartedness, facilitating, extroversion and religious identity have a relationship with motivational CQ. Practical/managerial implications: Organisations within South Africa will gain a better understanding of CQ and the benefits of having a culturally intelligent workforce as a strengths-based approach. Culturally intelligent employees will be able to adjust to working with co-workers from another culture, not feel threatened when interacting with co-workers and clients and be able to transfer knowledge from one culture to another, which will aid the organisation in completing overseas assignments, cross-cultural decision-making, leadership in multicultural environments and managing international careers. Contribution/value-add: CQ is a relatively new concept and empirical research on positive subjects is still very limited. Research on personality, identity and CQ within the South African context is still very limited. Therefore, this study will contribute to literature on positive psychology and cultural intelligence.


A content analysis is reported of child-rearing manuals published in sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and of the themes of the Don Juan plays in seventeenth to twentieth centuries. The relationship between the content of the manuals and the themes of the plays supports the thesis that child-rearing patterns advocated in one century are reflected in the next in the attitudes expressed in popular cultural activities towards aggression, achievement and sex roles.


Abstract We report first record on occurrence of the midge genus Parachaetocladius in Missouri based on aquatic macro-invertebrate community samples collected during September 2004 from a reach of ...


Abstract This paper looks at representations of antiquity in cyberspace and discusses their meaning and position in global discourses on nationalism and identities. After a critical review of some recent discussions of globalization and the informational society, it adopts the concepts of ethnoscapes, mediascapes and ideoscapes in examining the deployments of representations from antiquity in the web pages constructed by the Greek state, private organizations, and mostly Greek diasporic communities and individuals. It is suggested that organizations and individual social actors construct in cyberspace the national topos of Hellenism. In this process, representations from antiquity play a central and crucial role. Many social actors, mostly away from the 'homeland', form modern Hellenic ethnoscapes by projecting the national narrative and constructing an imaginative heterotopia where the personal becomes national and vice versa. These representations act as the currency of the symbolic capital of antiquity...


We propose a new low-complexity distributed estimation technique based on the LMS algorithm for applications with low available power, such as sensor networks and internet of things (IoT). The nodes that compose the network must estimate the environment state where they are inserted, using local measurements and shared information. Our algorithm, named Fixed Regressor Distributed LMS (FRD-LMS), shows a significantly reduced complexity when the input regressors at nodes are fixed, which is a practical situation that arises, for example, in source localization problems, where the regressor is related to the node position. We show that the network correctly performs estimation provided that the fixed regressors span the state space. We prove convergence in the mean for fully connected networks, and show through simulations that the algorithm also converges when the nodes are connected as a simple ring. The low-complexity and simplicity of the FRD-LMS make it suitable to IoT contexts, where such features are greatly desirable.


This study investigated within-source interrater reliability of supervisor, peer, and subordinate feedback ratings made for managerial development. Raters provided 360-degree feedback ratings on a sample of 153 managers. Using generalizability theory, results indicated that little within-source agreement exists; a large portion of the error variance is attributable to the combined rater main effect and Rater x Ratee effect; more raters are needed than currently used to reach acceptable levels of reliability; supervisors are the most reliable with trivial differences between peers and subordinates when the numbers of raters and items are held constant; and peers are the most reliable, followed by subordinates, followed by supervisors, under conditions commonly encountered in practice. Implications for the validity, design, and maintenance of 360-degree feedback systems are discussed along with directions for future research in this area.


This article attempts to assess the impact of research exemption and farmers' exemption on the incentives provided by a plant variety protection. An econometric analysis with a duration model is used to estimate the value of plant breeders' rights in France over the period 1973-2011 for six major crops. To infer the impact of the research exemption and the farmers' exemption, microeconomic variables are introduced in the econometric model. A highly skewed distribution of the value of plant breeders' rights is found. The main result suggest that the farmers' exemption has a higher negative effect on the value of plant breeders' rights than the research exemption.


Expansion microscopy is an approach of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy that does not yet achieve the precision of nanoscopy techniques such as single-molecule light microscopy (SMLM). Here, we developed an iterative ultrastructure expansion microscopy approach (iU-ExM), which now matches the SMLM resolution as demonstrated using standard references such as the nuclear pores. Applicable to both cells and tissues, iU-ExM allows a broad research community to access high precision super-resolution microscopy.


Formation of nonane in irradiated bacon has been confirmed by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis of irradiated nitrogen-flushed homogenized bacon in sealed glass vials. Unirra-diated bacon did not show the presence of nonane under similar conditions.


Substance-dependent women are facing tremendous barriers that impede them from entering into treatment programs. Such barriers include the lack of childcare, fear of stigma, lack of family or financial support, denial, and the co-occurring disorders. Strategies are paramount to the removal of these barriers, whereas treatment and relapse prevention aid in the rehabilitation process.


Reply: We have read with interest the Letter to the Editor by Strittmatter and Meyer which comments on our paper about further potential mechanisms that can contribute to Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). The authors suggest the need to improve knowledge about lateralization of the cerebral anatomy and pathophysiology of the central autonomic nervous system for better understanding of SUDEP. There is little doubt that several pathophysiological processes contribute to SUDEP and certainly, furthering knowledge about lateralization of the cerebral anatomy and pathophysiology of the central autonomic nervous system can potentially help detect a subset of patients if not all who are prone to SUDEP. We also agree that the most important mechanism of SUDEP is cardiac arrhythmia acting via the autonomic nervous system, which may or may not be precipitated by seizure activity. To date evidence regarding seizure-related fatal ventricular tachyarrhythmia remains sparse. Abnormalities in cardiac repolarization have been described in subjects with long-standing epilepsy. Periictal ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation have also been reported in the absence of any underlying cardiac disease even in the absence of seizure activity in patients with long-standing epilepsy. Therefore, pathologic cardiac repolarization in susceptible patients could promote sudden death and could be another plausible cause for SUDEP.


This study aimed to clarify general aspects of the Islamic Banking & Finance in global markets depending on some dimensions such as Global Islamic finance assets , Global Islamic funds sector &Global Islamic Sukuk sector. The researcher predicts the future growth for Islamic banking & Finance industry using statistical tools like Time series & forecasting. Among the most important results which were reached are: 1)Study expects Islamic banking assets to grow at a Compounded Average Growth Rate of 20% over (2013–2020) across the countries to reach US$3.034t by 2020. 2 )Global Islamic finance assets worth $ 1.35 trillion @ end of 2012 & $ 1.71 trillion @ end of 2013 . 3) Malaysia" Islamic finance assets worth $ 412 billion (30.51%). Saudi Arabia came second - worth $ 217 billion (16%) .Next United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia & Turkey worth $ 424 billion (31.4%). Finally, Other countries worth 22%. 4)The three major markets dominating Islamic funds are, Saudia Arabia Malaysia", & Luxemburg reaching around 70% of global Islamic funds. 5) Sukuk Is the most interesting investment instrument in Islamic finance .


A combined mechanical-electronic system for a smooth linear control of the demagnetizing field is described. Actual demagnetizing curves obtained for some igneous rocks are given to illustrate good functioning of the apparatus in paleomagnetic research.


This article focuses on the application of mindfulness in work environments and in leadership – an area that has been much less widely documented. How might mindful practices improve leadership and in turn, benefit the culture and productivity of workplaces? In what follows, I summarise some key research findings about outcomes of mindfulness (see for example (Allen, Chambers et al. 2006; Shapiro, Carlson et al. 2006; Hölzel, Lazar et al. 2011). In addition however, and on the basis of teaching, research and leadership development with my colleague Richard Searle, this article describes our observations and the feedback we get from people about how ideas of mindfulness change their leadership and lives. While many of us with a strong research or academic orientation are persuaded by the scientific evidence – the controlled trials that involve interventions and measured follow ups that show the impact of mindfulness on outcomes – often Buddhists maintain that one should only change one's approach on the basis of personal experience and testing. I admit to putting myself in the latter camp and I know that I, and others, are very deeply moved by and inspired to change ourselves, from the direct personal accounts of others.


The objectives of this paper are: i) to present the record of World Bank's involvement in disability as part of its overall development strategy; ii) to share with development partners some of the good practices the Bank has discovered; and iii) to stimulate new ways to address the problems of people with disabilities through partnerships, better practices and the further mainstreaming of disability into the work of the Bank. The Bank's comparative advantage in supporting disability interventions lies in its capacity to address complex, multi-sectoral issues in a consistent, coordinated, fiscally responsible and operational manner. The Bank's strengths lie in the following areas: (i) helping countries understand the economic reasons/advantages for pursuing inclusive development; (ii) providing the analytical work in order to develop policies, programs and targeted safety nets; and (iii) ensuring that Bank programs and projects help with incremental implementation of the Convention. A three-pronged approach to pursue the disability and development (DD improve the evidence base through data measurement, collection and program and policy analysis; and continue outreach and awareness building of disability as a development issue that is crucial for sustainable reduction of poverty as well as reaching some key Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).


ABSTRACT This paper considers a bidimensional continuous-time renewal risk model of insurance business with different claim-number processes and strongly subexponential claims. For the finite-time ruin probability defined as the probability for the aggregate surplus process to break down the horizontal line at the level zero within a given time, an uniform asymptotic formula is established, which provides new insights into the solvency ability of the insurance company.


Evolution of the Galapagos Rise and the Bauer Microplate: Implications for the Nazca Plate. (December 2004) Jennifer Catherine McGuire Wright, B.S., State University of New York at Stony Brook Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Thomas W.C. Hilde Analysis of the satellite altimetry based predicted bathymetry, magnetic anomalies, and earthquake seismic data relating to the geophysical structure on the Nazca plate indicates that the Galapagos Rise system served as the transitional spreading system between Pacific-Farallon spreading and the current East Pacific Rise (EPR) system. First order age/depth relationships for this area indicate that the Galapagos Rise, the most prominent extinct spreading system within the Nazca plate, accommodated most of the Pacific-Nazca plate separation from ~23 million years ago (Ma) to ~8 Ma. After this time, spreading was dominantly along the EPR, with probable ultra slow spreading along the Galapagos Rise continuing until very recent times (0-5 Ma). Magnetic lineations and depth trends across the Bauer Basin suggest that it was captured between the failing Galapagos Rise and the currently active EPR. Anomalously shallow ridge crests along the Galapagos Rise indicate that magmatic activity may have occurred


As one part of university education, tertiary vocational school nowadays produces high professional qualification technician; recently the boom of software requires high-quality software technician, Competency Based Education discusses the principles from the aspects such as qualities of teacher, teaching methods, curriculum construction.