The rare and endangered plant, Ammopiptanthus nanus is the only evergreen broad leaved plant in Xinjiang listed as a Category 1 National Protected Plant. It is a xerophytic relict species of the subtropical evergreen forests of the Tertiary and found only in the arid Tarim Basin. Previous studies have examined the anatomical characteristics and drought-resistant mechanisms of this species. In this paper, we examined seed characteristics, including germination in relation to temperature and various light regimes duration of storage, seedling emergence and survival rate in relation to soil moisture content (MC) and seeding soil depth, and effects of a fungicide treatment. Our results showed that Ammopiptanthus nanus seeds were dispersed only short distance from the parent plants due to their morphological characteristics and high predation rates. the seed germination rate reached 38% in seeds stored for 60 d at ambient temperature (AT) of 18 - 32 ℃. The dried and ripened seeds of this plant often had impermeable seed-coats, and only 33.33% of the dried seeds with 7.68% MC absorbed water and swelled up after soaking for 90 h at 30 ℃. Seed germination did not require illumination. Germination percentage (GP) was above 80% when seeds were incubated for 9 d at 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ , 30 ℃, 20/30 ℃ and AT, and seeds germinated most quickly at 30 ℃. The seedling emergence rates were greater than 75% when seeds were buried in 1-2 cm depth below the surface of sandy soil. Seedling emergence rates decreased with increasing soil depth and were less than 20% at 6 cm soil depth. The most suitable MC of sandy soil for seedling emergence was 19.35%-28.75%; when soil MC was above 32.43% or below 3.85%, few seedlings emerged. After seed storage for 210 d at 10 ℃ and 5 ℃, MC of 19.36%, 10.64% and 7.68% had no significant effect on GP, but GP decreased significantly at AT and 35 ℃. The decreasing GP rate had a significantly positive correlation with seed MC or storing temperature. When sowing seeds and nursing seedlings in soils of 7.41%, 13.79% and 28.75% MC, the seedling mortality rates were 77.49%, 81.25% and 89.49% respectively. When seeds were treated with triadimefon, mortality rates were still as high as 50.27%, 69.53% and 76.03% in the three soil MC treatments, respectively. The seedling mortality rate had significant positive correlation with sandy soil MC.


The article analyses some aspects of the comparative learning of Uzbek with other languages, as well as provides examples on comparative learning.


This paper examines existing amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast technology based on the envelope elimination and restoration (EER) amplification technique to determine its feasibility in accepting the new terrestrial digital audio broadcast (DAB) standards. When applying the hybrid AM DAB signals to EER amplifiers based on pulse duration modulation (PDM), digital signal processing algorithms are proposed to improve the overall performance of the system to meet the AM spectral mask. An investigation of the effects the various components of the EER amplifier have on the DAB signals is conducted to identify the most critical components in the system that contribute to the spectrum regrowth. It is found that the realistic envelope reconstruction filter in the envelope path of the EER amplifier requires specialized signal processing to extend the envelope path bandwidth. In particular, an LMS-based predistorter is proposed to improve filter frequency response and allow the DAB signalling to meet the required spectral mask


According to a report of the disease control group, Ratchaburi Provincial Health Office, 8 victims, resulting in 2 fatal cases were reported  in the incident in bamboo shoot fermentation factory on July 21, 2007.  It was most likely that they were exposed to hydrogen cyanide when they went down into fermentation tank.  In an attempt to assess cyanide exposure, 69 biospecimens were analysed in order to identify cyanide and thiocyanate in blood plasma and urine by the toxicology laboratory, National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences.  The results showed that all blood samples drawn from 7 patients on the first day of exposure showed cyanide concentrations in the range of 2.0-3.5 g/ml which were considered severe cyanide poisoning level.  Also plasma thiocyanate were found in higher than normal level.  After the lapse of  5 days, all additional 16 collected blood samples showed cyanide concentrations of less than 0.2 g/ml; thiocyanate in plasma of 4 patients also decreased 20-30 percent and one even returned to normal.  Within a month, examination of cyanide levels in blood of 7 workers showed the range of < 0.2-1.9 g/ml or to be within a safe occupational limit.  The results confirmed workplace exposure to hydrogen cyanide, which is highly active and a powerful toxic agent. Key words: blood cyanide, plasma  thiocyanate, hydrogen cyanide, fermented bamboo shoot factory


News of the discovery of the Nova was received at the Lick Observatory on December 14, at which time its magnitude was about 2.9. It rose to about 1.5 magnitude on December 22 and since then has fluctuated in brightness, having been estimated to be at 3.3 magnitude on December 26, and at 2.5 on December 31 and on January 12. Estimates of brightness have at times been rendered difficult by fog and clouds, and little claim to accuracy is made for the foregoing figures ; they will, however, serve to indicate the general character of the star's light-variation. The slow approach to maximum, standing in contrast to the rapid rise that has characterized some of the more conspicuous novae, has suggested to certain commentators that the behavior of the present nova is exceptional in this respect, but there appears in reality to be no hard and fast rule of behavior to justify such an opinion, though the rapid and almost uninterrupted rise to maximum has occurred often enough to establish that form of variation as a type. The suggestion has been made, in regard to novae with apparently delayed maxima, such as N Ophiuchi (1919), N Pictoris (1925), and the present object, that rapid rise to a maximum, or point of arrest, occurred before discovery and that the observed maximum, presumably brighter than the first or initial one, is perhaps the consequence of strong secondary fluctuations which in a greater or less degree mark the post-maximum behavior of practically all novae. This idea receives some support from, and was in fact suggested by, the circumstance that such stars have been found to have post-maximum characteristics before the actually observed maximum of luminosity. Circumstances of especial interest relating to the present nova are: (1) its rather large galactic latitude (+25°) ; (2) the faintness or absence of the "detached" lines due to calcium (H — K),


To assess the role of Doppler sonography when used in conjunction with mammography and gray scale sonography in differentiating solid breast lesions and to find out whether lesion size is a limiting factor for Doppler evaluation.


Rice was ground on a blade-type food mixer and sieved on meshes. The throughs on 60 and 80 mesh sieves were significantly different among maturity groups. The hardness of rice grain was negatively correlated with throughs on 60 and 80 mesh sieves and positively correlated with overs on 20 mesh sieve. The amylograph peak viscosity was increased as the particles became finer, but peak viscosities of the throughs on 60 and 80 mesh sieves were not significantly different.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between different audit committee attributes and company performance in Bahrain. This paper investigates the impact of audit committee independence, size, and meeting frequency on company performance (employing ROE, ROA, and Tobin's Q). Data from all 14 non-financial publicly listed companies on Bahrain Bourse during 2005–2019 were used. The results revealed that companies with independent audit committees and big audit committees in terms of size are performing poorly. It is also shown that the number of audit committee meetings does not affect company performance. Further, this study failed to find any association between the number of audit committee meetings and company performance. The findings show that shareholders might lack knowledge of the importance of corporate governance mechanisms. The results of this study should be of potential interest to different stakeholders, including regulators, investors, and auditors, in their attempts to improve company performance and monitoring mechanisms in emerging economies.


The surgical course of a patient with the first reported primary adenocanthoma of a Bartholin gland is described. The tumor grew rapidly and metastasized widely, requiring excision in several stages.


The dynamic resistance training (DRT) has been the subject of recent studies, however studies using post menopausal women or hypertensive women controlled by pharmacological treatment focusing just on metabolic parameters. Few studies evaluated the chronic effects of this type of training in blood pressure (BP) with direct measurement in untreated hypertensive females. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of DRT on BP, physical capacity and muscle weight in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Thus, we used 14 adult females SHR, divided into two groups (n = 7): sedentary females (FS) and trained females (FT). Maximal exercise testing was conducted before and after the training period. The DRT in moderate intensity (40–60% of the maximal load) was performed in a ladder adapted for rats per 8 weeks. After this period, there were blood glucose and triglyceride measurements and we performed cannulation of the carotid artery for direct measurement of BP. Heart tissue and soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles were weighted. There was improvement in physical capacity in the FT group (Maximum exercise test pre 192.75 ± 12.19 vs. post 471.13 ± 27.23). There were no difference in heart rate (FT: 386.04 ± 11.85 vs. FS: 371.93 ± 12.19 bpm) and metabolic evaluations (blood glucose 103.00 ± 1.94 vs. 102.25 ± 2.78 mg/dl; triglycerides: 112.00 ± 3.71 vs 122.25 ± 8.37 mg/dl, FT vs. FS respectively). Moreover, there were no differences in the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle (p = 0.928) and right ventricle (p = 0.549) between studied groups. DTR induced reduction in mean, systolic and diastolic BP (mean: 164.78 ± 4.96 vs. 179.20 ± 2.61; systolic: 188.97 ± 5.02 vs. 203.33 ± 4.11; diastolic: 142.67 ± 6.80 vs. 156.83 ± 2.29 mmHg, FT vs. FS respectively). Additionally, FT rats presented increased soleus and plantaris muscles and left ventricle weights as compared to FS rats (p <0.05). We conclude that the moderate intensity DRT induced BP reduction associated with cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting a positive role of this approach to hypertension management in females.


We present a fast algorithm for computing a Gomory-Hu tree or cut tree for an unweighted undirected graph G = (V,E). The expected running time of our algorithm is Õ(mc) where |E| = m and c is the maximum u-vedge connectivity, where u,v ∈ V. When the input graph is also simple (i.e., it has no parallel edges), then the u-v edge connectivity for each pair of vertices u and v is at most n-1; so the expected running time of our algorithm for simple unweighted graphs is Õ(mn).
 All the algorithms currently known for constructing a Gomory-Hu tree [8,9] use n-1 minimum s-t cut (i.e., max flow) subroutines. This in conjunction with the current fastest Õ(n20/9) max flow algorithm due to Karger and Levine [11] yields the current best running time of Õ(n20/9n) for Gomory-Hu tree construction on simpleunweighted graphs with m edges and n vertices. Thus we present the first Õ(mn) algorithm for constructing a Gomory-Hu tree for simple unweighted graphs.We do not use a max flow subroutine here; we present an efficient tree packing algorithm for computing Steiner edge connectivity and use this algorithm as our main subroutine. The advantage in using a tree packing algorithm for constructing a Gomory-Hu tree is that the work done in computing a minimum Steiner cut for a Steiner set S ⊆ V can be reused for computing a minimum Steiner cut for certain Steiner sets S' ⊆ S.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the meanings produced by printed news media on health relating them with editorial and socio-cultural reasons that guide their narrative strategies . Our assumption is that health issues are becoming ever larger spaces in these media and , to be midiaticamente coded , build different imaginary about health and disease pointing to the risk factors and in return , indicating correct behavior and exemplary to be followed by the readers to have a happy and healthy life. To understand these discursive operations , we analyze health of texts published in 2011 in the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo and the magazine Veja and CartaCapital .


Aspherical supermirrors are some of the most useful neutron-focusing optics. We aim to develop multiple aspherical supermirror devices using high-precision figured aspherical focusing supermirrors to focus neutron beams with high intensities, because multiple mirrors collect a very large beam divergence. Thin mirrors with millimetre thickness are required to minimize the absorption loss of incident neutron beams since the thickness of a mirror shadows the reflective area of other mirrors. However, it is difficult to fabricate thin mirror substrates with a form accuracy at the sub-micrometre level by conventional machining. Conventional machining deforms a substrate by machining force and spring back after machining causes figure error. Furthermore the deposition of supermirrors deforms the mirror substrate by film stress. Thus, we developed a new process of fabricating a precise millimetre-thick elliptical supermirror. This process consists of non-contact figuring by the numerically controlled local wet etching technique, the minimization of surface roughness without degrading form accuracy by low-pressure polishing with a polishing pressure less than about 7 kPa (1psi), and the ion beam sputter deposition of NiC/Ti multilayers on both sides of the mirror substrate to compensate for film stress. In this paper, we report on the fabrication results of aplano-elliptical mirror substrate with a thickness of 1 mm.


The literature on the chemical structure of the organic sulfur compounds (or functional groups) in coal is reviewed. Four methods were applied in the literature to study the sulfur compounds in coal: direct spectrometric and chemical analysis, depolymerization in drastic conditions, depolymerization in mild conditions, and studies on simulated coal. The data suggest that most of the organic sulfur in coal is in the form of thiophenic structures and aromatic and aliphatic sulfides. The relative abundance of the sulfur groups in bituminous coal is estimated as 50:30:20%, respectively. The ratio changes during processing and during the chemical analysis. The main effects are the transformation during processing of sulfides to the more stable thiophenic compounds and the elimination of hydrogen sulfide.


With the introduction of reforms in China′s rural areas,non-agricultural production by farmers has become popular so that it has not only solved the problem of surplus of labor force,but also increased the farmer′s incomes.However,it is resticcted by the farmers′education,ages,sexes and their gepgrsphical locations.The unevenness of the non-agricultural production results in the gaps of farmers′incomes,and in turn affects their grain production.Therefore,it is necessary to guide the non-agricultural production by farmers so that it can go on the right track of the sustainable development of the society.


The development of battery of quality management summated scales is described, with a focus on reliability and validity issues. The scales are demonstrated to be robust with respect to both interna...


Usually gastrointestinal malignancies present with low SAAG ascites. But when there is diffuse liver infiltration following malignancy, high SAAG ascites can occur. So liver infiltration can masquerade as cirrhosis. Malignant acanthosis and tripe palm are the paraneoplastic manifestations seen in GI malignancies. We are reporting a case which was initially managed as a  straightforward case of cirrhosis ,but later turned out to be a case with tripe palms, malignant acanthosis and carcinoma stomach as primary with diffuse liver infiltration having high SAAG ascites.


We present a general analytical approach to investigate relativistic corrections in the dynamical Casimir effect (DCE). Particularly, we discuss the behavior of the additional frequency bands that appear in the spectral distribution of the created particles when the first relativistic corrections are taken into account. We do that in the context of circuit QED, by analyzing the setup used in the first measurement of the DCE, where a system with a time-dependent boundary condition simulates the mechanical motion of a single mirror in 1+1 dimensions. Our method is applicable to a large class of systems with oscillatory time-dependent parameters and can be generalized to higher dimensions and other fields.


The adoption of Hybrid cloud in enterprises has grown rapidly every year. Hybrid cloud solution implements the better of Private and Public cloud while proving that running of multiple application in different environment to provide segregation of personal useful data into a private environment from the raw meta data to reside on the cost-effective public cloud. This paper covers the deployment of hybrid cloud application with the use of Aneka PaaS (Platform as a Service) computing and Amazon Web Services Elastic Cloud Computing (AWS EC2) cloud service. The deployed application is automated using Orchestra- tor- an automation tool that allows EC2 resources to be deployed that enables uninterrupted running off application without having to take down the application during the situations of low compute resources. Aneka allows for the monitoring of resources to allow Optimization and billing for respective on demand resource usage. The proposed Orchestrator flow algorithm allows the application to load balance computing resources between the private and public cloud.


Abstract Today, unwed mothers serve as a symbolic centerpiece for political discussions about family life, sexuality, and moral responsibility (see Martha May and Melvyn Urofsky's The New Right [New York: Garland, 1996]). In this battle in the "culture wars," unmarried mothers are frequently characterized as a symptom of eroding family values, and critics try to point to a past when unmarried parents faced stigma and shame. As historians such as Rickie Solinger and Regina Kunzel have demonstrated, however, the social response to unmarried mothers and fathers varied by class, race, and region throughout this century.1


Past literature has increasingly highlighted the importance of understanding people's emotional responses towards the characteristics of everything that has points of interactions with the people. Ever since it was introduced, research relating the emotional responses to the economic power of industrial products, hospitality services, as well as employees' or peoples' productivity has been expanding. This paper presents a model called Lokman's Emotion and Importance Quadrant (LEIQ)™, which was built based on axes of emotion vs. importance, to investigate emotion and the importance of the influential factors of the emotion. The paper presents two case studies; i) Employee's Happiness, ii) Student's Well-being, with the implementation of LEIQ™ to showcase the process to discover the indicators that affect people's emotion, and its importance to the people in the effort to provide information to the leaders or management advocates for their strategic decision-making in ensuring well-being and Quality of Life (QoL). Both case studies have enabled the research to understand factors that affect Employee's Happiness and Student's Well-being, and how it is important to them. The effective use of this model could facilitate decision makers in an organisation, community, society, and even a nation at large to gain knowledge and devise correct strategies to boost people's well-being, promoting more positive emotion, and ultimately upsurge productivity and QoL of the people. Keywords: Emotion, human factors, Kansei, KJ method, quality of life (QoL).


The permanent preservation areas (PPAs) are ecosystems which have relevantimportance for the environment balance, preserving the quality ofassociated water, flora and fauna. The PPAs were created to protect thenatural environment by prohibiting the change on the land use. This studyhad as major objective the mapping of the areas of conflict used on thePPAs. The work was developed in the hydrographical watershed of theCapitao Decio stream (WCD), located in Nova Xavantina - MT. It was possibleto map seven different land uses and land covers, and to define thePPAs boundaries as well as map generation of environmental conflicts,by using techniques of digital processing image and GIS. The data verifies that the WCD had 53.60% of area occupied by man and 46.40% coveredwith natural vegetation; the agriculture was the predominant landuse, representing 2.648,22 hectares, and the cerrado was the most commonvegetation with limited 3.153,07 hectares. On the mapping, the PPAswere bounded covering a total of 776.58 hectares in WCD, and dividedon the area alongside watercourses margins (601.80 ha), springs (40.78ha), and water bodies (92.29 ha), as well as hilltops and ridges lines (41.71ha). By overlapping the map of land use and land cover, and the PPAs, itwas created a map of environmental conflicts. On the identification wasfound that only 11.47% of the PPAs are subjected to a misuse regimewhereas the native vegetation covered 88.53%. By identifying the areas ofuse conflicts, this work becomes an important instrument for promoting the proper management of natural resources, especially on water studies.


Background: Alchemilla abyssinica is a plant widely used in traditional medicine. Its wide use among the community plus already established scientific evidences for medicinal values of other Alchemilla species provided good ground for this investigation. Methods: In this research, CHCl3/EtoAc 1:1 extract of dried aerial parts of Alchemilla abyssinica, methanolic extract of the CHCl3/ EtoAc residue and fractions of the methanolic extract were tested on isolated guinea-pig ileum (GPI) for possible presence of spasmogenic or spasmolytic effects. Concentrations of each extract and fraction ranging from 20-600 μg/ml final organ bath concentration were tested. The effects of these test samples on the basal rhythmic contractions of the GPI as well as on its contraction elicited using the agonist, histamine, were determined. The antagonist, Papaverine, was also used as a control smooth muscle relaxant. Results: While the CHCl3/EtoAc 1:1 extract showed neither spasmogenic nor spasmolytic result, the methanolic extract showed marked spasmolytic effect. This methanolic extract was fractionated using column chromatography and the fraction eluted using Hexane/EtoAc 1:2 gave greatest spasmolytic result. This fraction produced significant (P<0.05) dose-dependent spasmolytic effects on the agonist induced contractions of the GPI to 95.7% at 20 μg/ml, 43.6% at 70 μg/ml and 14.2% at 120 μg/ml in the organ bath. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that Alchemilla abyssinica possesses spasmolytic property. The oral acute toxicity study showed Alchemilla abyssinica exhibited no toxicity up to doses of 1,000 mg/kg body weight in Swiss albino mice. Further chemical work to identify the compound(s) responsible for the activity is recommended.


At present,to advocate the spirit of socialism honor and disgrace is necessary.Only with such spirit,good view of practice can be set up.It's very important for good view of practice to culture medical workers' diathesis of professional ethics,profession,science and culture,body and mind,which is the moral character of medical workers.To set up good view of Practice,we must take the view of socialism honor and disgrace as guidance.Thus,good value is cultured,the view of honest service is established,the view of harmonious medical ethics is set up and the view of upright practice is propagated,which will improve the noble prevailing custom of medical profession.


The present invention relates to a mobile radio communication network device, a mobile terminal, and a method for transmission/reception of control information. A mobile radio communication network device is descried including a receiver configured to receive control information from a mobile terminal, wherein the receiver is configured to receive the control information in a first mode or in a second mode, wherein in the second mode, less of the control information is received in time from the mobile terminal than in the first mode, and a controller configured to control the receiver to receive the control information in the first mode if the mobile terminal is associated with a first mobile terminal mobility class and to control the receiver to receive the information in the second mode if the mobile terminal is associated with a second mobile terminal mobility class.


S4 index is the rapid modification of signals when propagating through small-scale structures in the ionosphere, called ionospheric irregularities. The rapid modification of the signal causes the scintillation of the power. The purpose of this letter is to confirm the superposition property of the S4 index by using the ray-tracing method to simulate the signal propagation path through the ionospheric irregularities and then calculate the amplitude and S4 index of the received signal. The relation between the ionospheric scintillation S4 index and the signal propagation path can be understood. Then, the assimilation method for the S4 index can be developed to monitor the ionospheric irregularity in the future.


Single‐band ratiometric (SBR) thermometry has recently emerged as a powerful alternative to its dual‐emission counterparts because it can avoid the large uncertainties related to the emission spectral overlap or light absorption/scattering by the medium. Herein, a novel SBR thermometric scheme in Sc2Mo3O12:Eu3+ nanosheet that depends on thermal enhancement of charge‐transfer state absorption between O2− and Eu3+ is reported. Mechanistic investigation reveals the vital role of the lattice negative thermal expansion (NTE) for thermally enhanced Eu3+ emissions according to the configuration coordinate model. In contrast, serious thermal quenching of Eu3+ emissions is detected under the excitation wavelength corresponding to ground state absorption. Such excitation wavelength‐dependent thermal behavior of luminescence enabled SBR thermometry with high sensitivity and resolution (Sr = 2.0% K−1, δT = 0.121 K at 363 K). Finally, the applicability of the proposed SBR model to real‐world sensing scenarios is demonstrated using the as‐fabricated flexible thin‐film, offering accurate and real‐time temperature detection at the local hotspot in the electronic component.


RUNX1, a major hematopoietic transcription factor, plays a critical role in megakaryopoiesis, megakaryocytic (MK) maturation and platelet production. Patients with RUNX1 haplodeficiency have thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet function and impaired granule secretion. Defective dense and/or -alpha granules are a major finding in these patients. We have reported a patient with inherited thrombocytopenia, decreased granules, and abnormal platelet function (Gabbeta et al , Blood 87: 1368-76, 1996) with a heterozygous RUNX1 mutation (c.508+1G>1) (Sun et al , Blood 103: 948-54, 2004). Platelet expression profiling revealed down-regulation of several genes including ALOX12 , MYL9 , PRKCQ , PF4, and PLDN (Sun et al J Thromb Haemost 5: 146-154, 2007) and we have shown these to be direct RUNX1 transcriptional targets. In addition, a small G protein, RAB1B, was significantly decreased on expression profiling of the patient platelets relative to control subjects (fold change: 0.32, p RAB1B mRNA was decreased by 50% compared to healthy 5 subjects. Immunofluorescence studies showed that Rab1b protein was decreased in patient platelets compared to that of normal subjects. RAB GTPases are key players in vesicle trafficking, granule targeting of proteins, and secretion. Rab1b has been implicated in ER-to-Golgi transport in COS cells, but cell biological roles of RAB1B in MK cells are unexplored. We addressed the hypothesis that RAB1B is a transcriptional target of RUNX1 and regulates ER-to-Golgi transport in MK cells. In silico analysis of the RAB1B promoter region (-1/-785 bp from the ATG) revealed 4 RUNX1 consensus sites: site-1 (-440/-435), site-2 (-622/-617), site-3 (-660/-655) and site-4 (-770/-765). Following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment of human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells to induce MK transformation, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) revealed RUNX1 binding to RAB1B sites 1 and 4 but not to other sites. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays using HEL cell proteins showed RUNX1 binding to these sites. In luciferase reporter assays, mutation individually of sites 1 and 4 reduced the promoter activity by 90%, compared to that of full-length promoter. RUNX1 over-expression enhanced RAB1B promoter activity by 2-fold and RAB1B protein by ~30%. Enhancement of promoter activity was abrogated by mutations of sites 1 and 4, indicating that these sites were functional. RUNX1 siRNA reduced RAB1B promoter activity and RAB1B protein. We studied vesicle trafficking from ER-to-Golgi in HEL cells using vesicular stomatitis virus G envelope glycoprotein (VSVG) tagged with enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and GalT on siRNA downregulation of RUNX1 or RAB1B . (Presley JF et al, Nature 389: 81-85, 1997). VSVG-GFP colocalized with GalT in the Golgi in control siRNA-transfected cells, whereas in RUNX1 knockdown cells, VSVG was not colocalized with GalT; moreover, Golgi structures were disrupted. Similar results were obtained in RAB1B downregulation by siRNA. These effects of RUNX1 knockdown were reversed by RAB1B overexpression. Together these results suggest that RAB1B downregulation may be the primary cause of the impaired ER-to-Golgi transport by RUNX1 downregulation. Conclusions: These studies show that RAB1B is a key regulator of vesicle trafficking in the secretory and endocytic pathway in megakaryocytes and platelets. This is the first evidence that RAB1B is a direct transcriptional target of RUNX1 and provides a mechanism for RAB1B down regulation in our RUNX1 haplodeficient patient. One of the hallmarks of RUNX1 haplodeficiency is defective granule formation and secretion. We propose RAB1B reduction of ER-to-Golgi transport contributes to defects in granule formation and secretion in patients with RUNX1 deficiency. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


A 3-D ultrasonic real-time imaging device for the navigation of catheters in the beating heart has been devised. It makes use of a multiplane parallel scanning technique which allows for quick probing of the volume of interest. In this way, the whole heart or part of the heart can be accessed in less than 70 ms. The acquired 3-D data set is pre-processed by an ultrafast digital signal processor and is transferred to a PC for real-time visualization. With the help of LCD glasses a real 3-D view into the beating heart chambers is possible. The use of approved transducer and latest signal processor technology as well as low-cost consumer products for visualization will result in a cost-effective device.


According to the composite wave-plate theory,we make use of two λ/4 wave-plates and a λ/2 wave-plate with the same wavelength of 650 nm to constitute a composite λ/2 wave-plate,and deduce a theoretical curve between the composite wave-plate's phase retardation and wavelength to prove the composite wave-plate to be an achromatic wave-plate within the spectrum scope of 550~790 nm;then a optimum design scheme is put forward based on the three-in-one composite achromatic wave-plate in response to theoretical curve of retardation.Theory analysis shows that this design can improve the achromatic range from 80 to 100 nm which is longer than common ones under the same delay deviation,and advance its achromatic accuracy by adjusting the composite angle exactly for specific operating requirements.


Modified electrospinning apparatus has been developed for continually fabricating nanofiber-coated microfibers. Two positively charged spinnerets were introduced and the PVA mi crofibers containing silver nanowires (AgNWs) were acted as the grounded collector. The prepared P VA/AgNWs microfiber moved through the electric field during electrospinning process and the na nofibers deposited onto the surface of the PVA/AgNWs microfiber to form a coating layer. Due to the addition of AgNWs, the micro/nano composite fibers had antimicrobial activity against Esc herichia coli (ATCC 8099) and Staphyloc occus aureus (ATCC 6538). In addition, the human osteoblasts attached well on the micro/nano composite fibers in a 3D direction.


Learning Feed-Forward Control (LFFC) was introduced to eliminate the influence of end-effect on the performance of high precision linear servo system on the basis of analyzing the influence of end-effect of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSM). Learning feed-forward control is a form (ofeedback-)Error-Learning control, i.e. the control system consists of a feedback controller, and a (feed-forward) part which is implemented as a function approximator. In this paper, the design and (realization) of learning feed-forward controller were presented by means of qualitative knowledge of the (process) and the disturbances. Simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy can solve the thrust ripple problem of PMLSM caused by end-effect, and make the linear servo system have strong (robustness.)


It is fitting that the various denominations should in this portentous era of change take stock of their resources and position and seek to relate themselves to the great world and it's needs. No denomination of Christians has a monopoly of all the truth or of all the good things in the Kingdom of God. Most of them have put the emphasis upon certain elements of Christianity and have made their contribution to the world's life' in this particular direction. It will be very profitable if all the denominations can survey the field at large as well as their own field. Baptists have throughout their history occupied a unique position in the Christian world, and Baptists as a people feel themselves called of God to render a distinctive service to mankind. In Baptist theology there are, broadly speaking, two elements: First, that which is common to all the evangelical denominations: and second, that which is distinctive of the Baptists themselves. It is not necessary for me to dwell here upon those elements of Baptist faith which are common to them and other bodies of evangelical Christians. The great central truths and doctrines of the Christian religion are now in mind, such as the following: God, the Trinity, the Incarnation, the deity of Christ, the Atonement, justification by faith, repentance, faith, heaven, and hen. An these are common to evangelical Christians generally, and it is not necessary for me to expound them in this connection. The purpose of the present article can be realized only if I diseuse. some of those things which distinguish Baptists from others. The particulars which will be named will vary in the degree of their distinctiveness. In some instances it will be a matter of emphasis and point of view; in others it will be a radical distinction of belief and of


The invention relates to a method for preparing a graphene and inorganic salt high-temperature phase change composite material. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing graphene sol; (2) preparing an inorganic salt solution, adding a surfactant, and mixing uniformly; (3) adding the graphene sol into the inorganic salt solution, and stirring until the graphene sol and the inorganic salt solution are mixed uniformly to obtain a composite material preform; (4) putting the composite material preform into an ultra-low-temperature freezer, quickly freezing to form a solid and taking out; (5) putting the solid-state composite material preform into a vacuum freezing dispersion drying instrument and drying; and (6) taking out after the drying of the composite material preform is finished, and calcining until the moisture is completely removed to obtain a grapheme/inorganic salt phase change composite material. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: the process is reasonable, easy to operate and low in cost; and the prepared grapheme/inorganic salt phase change composite material has the advantages of high coefficient of heat conductivity, high energy storage density and the like, has excellent performance, can meet different application requirements, and is suitable for industrialized production.


This essay is a speculative exploration into the uses of a materialism grounded in the epistemological interventions of feminist and postcolonial science studies and queer historicizations of sexuality. It is also a meditation on the materialist turn in feminist theory from a critical science studies perspective. It offers a creative approach to the materiality of embodiment, an approach that is critically alert to the ways in which scientific disciplinary ways of knowing have been constructed as less mediated access to that materiality than humanistic ones. Rather than turning to a materialist genealogy that suggests the importance of science, this essay turns to a genealogy grounded in a queer, feminist, and antiracist vision of the vital body as a source of knowledge and resistance. Reading Audre Lorde's "Uses of the Erotic, the Erotic as Power" as a biology of the erotic to decenter assumptions about sexuality and human nature that shape the field of gene-brain-behavior research on affiliative behavior in general and on monogamy in particular, the essay elaborates a theory of biopossibility. It offers this notion of biopossibility—the complexly mediated capacity to embody certain socially salient traits and differences—as a frame for a queer feminist materialist science studies approach.


An approximate relationship is developed between the density profile of a simple classical fluid bounded by a soft wall and that bounded by an idealized hard wall. This relationship is exact for a class of one‐dimensional fluids, and also constitutes a simplification of the ''shielding approximation.'' It accurately reproduces several Monte Carlo calculations.


We present recent improvements and results of an extensive analysis of the TP-AGB phase performed by means of a synthetic model (Marigo 1998a, b; Marigo et al. 1998a, b). The improvements concern: i) the use of a homogeneous and accurate set of analytical relations (Wagenhuber & Groenewegen 1998); ii) a new treatment of envelope burning in the most massive TP-AGB stars (M > 3.5Me) to account for the possible break-down of the core mass-luminosity relation; iii) a better treatment of the third dredge-up to infer if and when the process takes place. Extensive calculations of synthetic TP-AGB models have been carried out over the mass range (0.8Me 75Me) and for three sets of initial metallicity (Z = 0.019, Z = 0.008, Z = 0.004). The formation of carbon stars is investigated addressing the following issues: a) the reproduction of the observed luminosity functions of carbons stars in both Magellanic Clouds, and b) the formation of very bright and optically obscured carbon stars.


Teacher evaluation policy is implemented in many countries to improve the teaching quality in schools. This paper explores the implementation of teacher evaluation policy in secondary schools in Flanders (Belgium). The case study method is used to explore the implementation process in six schools, which are selected based upon teachers' perception of practicality of new teacher evaluation policy. We contrast three schools in which teachers perceive this policy positively with three schools in which teachers perceive this policy negatively. Due to the generic policy, responsibility for the implementation is shifted to the school. Our study focuses on school leadership actions and on teacher evaluation development characteristics during the implementation process. The results identify a difference in leadership actions and teacher evaluation development characteristics in positive perceiving schools compared to negative perceiving schools. In positive perceiving schools, school leaders formulate high expectations towards teachers, emphasize the importance of appreciation and trust and provide clear communication to teachers about teacher evaluation. Also, two teacher evaluation development characteristics, namely the meso-level support and the goals of teacher evaluation differ in the two subsets of schools. This leaves us wondering whether governments should take greater responsibility in supporting schools and local networks in order to implement policy successfully.


Consolidation settlements of a dual suction anchor (DSA) functioning as foundation structure (FST) of a pipeline end manifold (PLEM) on a soft clayey seabed during different installation and operational stages is evaluated. 3D finite element model of the DSA, including time intervals between installation phases, was created. The results showed the feasibility of DSA as the foundation structure of heavy subsea structures on very soft clays. It was observed that the maximum lateral deformations in the soil develop at shallow depths adjacent to the outside of the skirts, and the maximum vertical displacements occur in the soil plug inside the DSA and adjacent to the skirts. Concentration excess pore pressure was observed around at the tip of the skirts and adjacent to the stiffeners. In addition, it was found that the presence of post-lay rock at the vicinity of DSA considerably affects the settlement of DSA.


Under microbial and different environmental condition,the BCR sequential extraction and EDTA single extraction method were applied to study the speciation,concentration and bioavailability of the heavy metals in the reservoir sediment. The results showed the microbial and environmental conditions influenced the concentration and speciation of heavy metals in sediment,especially for Cd and Pb. The biomineralization of organic matter and bioreduction were the key factors controlling the change of distribution of different fractions of Cd and Pb,as well as the iron content in the overlying water. The ratios of (F1+F2+F3)/T of Cd and Zn under biostimulation were higher than those of Cd and Zn under abiotic control; and it was similar to Pb and Cr in the condition of the untreated sample and after the addition of reducing reagent (Na2SO3). The EDTA single extraction experiment results showed that the percentage of the bioavailable fraction (B/T) of Cd and Pb in sediment was as high as 24.96% and 39.56% respectively,while those of Zn and Cr were both less than 5%,showing low bioavailability.The positive linear regression equations between the value of (F1+F2+F3)/T(y) and B/T(x) of the heavy metals in sediment was as follows:y=0.96x+0.1388(R2=0.8704),which showed the potential environmental effect can be illustrated by the total metal concentration in sediment. At the water-sediment interface,as the potential environmental effect of heavy metals increases,metal diffusion from the sediment to the overlying water also increases,which would pose a thread to water quality.


The gene conditioning resistance to race 42 and its biotype 42B of black rust were located in the variety Sonora 64 through monosomic analysis. The resistance to race 42 was conditioned by two pairs of dominant duplicate factors located on chromosomes 6A and 1D. A single pair of dominant factor for biotype 42B was located on 6A, together with minor genes on two other chromosomes 1D and 6D.


We extend variational techniques previously described to study the two-dimensional massless free fermion field and the Thirring model on a spatial lattice. The iterative block spin procedure of constructing an effective lattice Hamiltonian, starting by dissecting the lattice into three-site blocks, is shown to be successful in producing results known for the continuum Thirring model.


The power supervision and restriction in villagers' autonomy is the basic way to ensure villagers' autonomous power in the right direction of building a new socialist countryside and the public interest of a village.As the stipulations of the current Villagers Committee Organization Law are vague in prescription,its actual running result is unsatisfactory,failing to be accord with the original design of the document.Accordingly it is held that taking the contents of villagers' autonomy as the foundation,separation and restriction of power as the approach,a power restriction mechanism in villagers' autonomy is developed by "separation of village power,supervision of party branch,joint audit of village finance,standardization and publicity".


A rotary-mode shear MR damper was designed and manufactured to gain larger continuously adjustable damping force and unrestricted displacement.The Boltzmann function formulation for the relationship between the peak of coulomb friction damping force of the MR damper and its input current was investigated based on mechanical properties test results of the MR damper.The time history of the MR damping force,the relationship between the MR damping force and the displacement,the relationship between the MR damping force and the velocity,the impact of vibration frequencies and amplitudes,and the impact of input current were analyzed.By comparing experimental results of the damping force time history,the relation of the damping force and the displacement,and the relation of the damping force and the velocity,with Boltzmann function results of those,it was further proved that the Bingham model based on Boltzmann function is reasonable.


Multivalent antibody fusion protein, it comprises and has the first specific immunoglobulin part for object antigen, such as Fab or Fab ' fragment, and comprise further its for VH/VL right for the second object antigen, there are specific two single domain antibodies (dAb), wherein said two single domain antibodies are connected by disulfide linkage.Also provide by the stable specific bispecific fusion protein of disulfide linkage and other antibody fragments.


Ecuador Current conditions have changed, customers are increasingly demanding which is why all must support the Marketing Managers for this great task of identifying market needs.
Distribuidora Granda under investigation is located in the city of Loja, and is still part of the economic engine of the province of Loja 25 years, serving the market for the province of Loja, and has also dabbled in the markets of the province Zamora Chinchipe in the cantons of Zamora, Zumba, Gualaquiza and Yantzaza; in the province of El Oro in the cantons of Zaruma and Portovelo, currently it has 7,000 customers, has generated 25 job openings and distributes about 520 products, grouped in different lines of national and international origin.
Inductive, deductive, analytical, and technical methods such as signing, the survey interview, observation was used to achieve them, taking a sample of 254 customers in Loja, 73 customer surveys in the province of Zamora Chinchipe and 37 customers of El Oro.
At the conclusion one can say that the situation analysis first objective of this study found the following: the strengths that the Distributor are: solvency, quality of products, customer base and established sales force with experience, good market share. The weaknesses are: poor corporate advertising, lack of sales promotion, lack of training for employees, outdated description of charges, delay in dispatching and vehicle fleet
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA
AREA JURIDICA, SOCIALY ADMINISTRATIVA
CARRERA DE ADMINISTRACION DE EMPRESAS
Ma. De Los Angeles Camisan
5
In the analysis of external factors could be seen as opportunities to growing market, the large number of suppliers, the variety of businesses dedicated to training, the development of technology, skilled labor and the development of communications. Instead threats are: tariff policy, growing competition, labor law, increased unemployment, smuggling and inflation.
The second objective is the development of the proposal, the Managing Director to execute the marketing plan proposed the same which has six goals and the cost is $ 228,033.14 recommended


From 1995 to 1997, spikes were collected from a total of 160 barley and 188 wheat fields from the Peace River region to the Three Hills area of Alberta, Canada. After threshing, 100 seeds from each field were surface sterilized, incubated on potato dextrose agar, and examined for the presence of the following pathogens: Fusarium graminearum, other Fusarium spp., Cochliobolus sativus, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Pyrenophora graminea, Pyrenophora teres, and Stagonospora nodorum. Fusarium graminearum was not detected in any seed samples. The most common Fusarium species isolated was Fusarium avenaceum. Maximum seed infection levels with F. avenaceum in a single field were 51 and 37% for barley and wheat, respectively. Substantial levels of seed-borne P. teres were found in barley with maximum infection levels of 82, 81, and 89% in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. Stagonospora nodorum was also commonly found in both barley and wheat seed with maximum infection levels of 61 and 54%, respectively. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, P. graminea, and C. sativus were generally present at low levels.


To explore the effective treatment programme of refractory primary nephritic syndrome(PNS),18 PNS patients were treated with enough prednisone and Chinese medicine for three consecutive months and part of the 18 patients added with cyclophosphamide.5 to 9-year Clinical observations showed that 16 examples were completely eased,occupying 88.9%,15 had no recurrence,one recurred,relapse rate was 6.2%,2 were futile,about 11.1%.The treatment effect of the-three-consecutive-month enough prednisone,Chinese medicine and some patients' treatment with cyclophosphamide was satisfactory.


on pre-Islamic Indian Ocean trade. As for criticism, although the articles all address the Periplus directly or indirectly, there is little integration between archaeological, philological and historical approaches, except for the contributions by Salles and Schiettecatte. More attempts at crossdisciplinary research would have been welcome. This could perhaps also have been achieved with a more extensive introduction, bringing the different papers into dialogue with each other and addressing the main scholarly debates with relevance to the Periplus and the points of disagreement between the papers. Finally, some of the bibliographies reveal that Francophone and Anglophone discourses on the Indian Ocean are not entirely in synch, but this is a problem that certainly goes both ways. In sum, this is an important contribution to the field of Indian Ocean studies and towards our understanding of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The new edition of the Periplus promised by the MeDIan project is eagerly anticipated.


Today's networks support an increasingly sophisticated set of applications and network services. At the same time they must operate despite the sharp rise in "junk traffic". This junk traffic includes worm attacks, port scans, and other malicious malware[22]. Additionally, new applications spring up that radically change the host-to-host communication patterns, such as peer-to-peer systems and VoIP. Operating throughout this traffic are traditional and important network services like DNS and NFS. What is needed to ensure their proper operation is a protection mechanism that ensures that traffic surges, malicious, and "junk" traffic do not crowd them out. To that end, we propose a distributed system of Inspection and Action points in the network called iBoxes. These iBoxes operate on packet flows that arrive to a single input port to leave via a single output port. The do not modify the path that packets take. Thus, iBoxes are orthogonal in functionality to routers and switches. Instead, they observe traffic flowing through them. These observations can be cross-layer, in that they can include features of the IP, TCP or UDP, and application layers. iBoxes can record their observations into a new protocol layer called the Annotation Layer (or A-Layer). This A-Layer consists of "piggybacking" certain packet annotations on live traffic streams flowing through the iBoxes. This frees us from introducing new packets into the network. iBoxes downstream are able to intercept the annotated packet stream and recover the data that they contain. Before sending them onwards, the annotations can be removed. This ensures that endhosts receive packets exactly the way they were sent from the originating host. iBoxes do not modify the route that packets take in the network. Additionally, any changes that are made to packets within the network are encoded in such a way that they can be undone. This behavior lessens the impact of iBoxes to the end-to-end argument. The A-Layer allows iBoxes to communicate their observations with one another. These distributed observations allow for greater network visibility, which give iBoxes a vantage point to understand network behavior as a whole. iBoxes are also action points, meaning that they can restrict, slow down, or fence bandwidth between competing information. Coupled with the greater visibility gleaned from the A-Layer, this will allow for powerful service protection abilities. This document describes the design of the A-Layer. We first present a motivating example of the A-Layer based on a DNS failure that hit the Berkeley network. We then outline related work. Next, we present a taxonomy of the types of annotations we envision utilizing in the A-Layer. Following that we describe how the task on network management can make use of iBoxes. We then present the design and security aspects of the A-Layer . Finally, we compare "piggybacking" annotations with new packet injection and develop an analytical model to study piggyback flows.


grounded theory methods, 10-day ethnographic fieldwork, participatory observations, interviews with 11 educational staff and focus groups with 79 students at a middle school employing a Harry Potter story theme, this research implies that storification can hinder antisocial behavior. The values and messages teachers delivered through the employed story and change of learning environment and pedagogy manifested teacher dedication and effort to students, which fostered their prosocial behavior in the school.


Yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus [Banks] (Acari: Tarsonemidae) is one of the major pests of jute crops (Corchorus capsularis L.) in Bangladesh. In this study, indigenous varieties of jute were used for treatments, namely, CVL‐1, CVE‐3, BJC‐7370 and BJC‐83. The paired plot treatments (treated and untreated controls) were laid out under field conditions. The effects of yellow mite were studied at three stages of the jute plants: 60 days after sowing (DAS), 90 DAS and 120 DAS. A higher number of mite stages was observed up to 90 DAS and then declined up to 120 DAS in var. BJC‐7370 among two other varieties, Deshi and Tossa. The percentage of infestation and damage indexes (scale 0–5) were measured to relate yellow mite injuries to the number of leaves, leaf area, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, soluble solids, plant height, base diameter, fiber weight, stick weight, number of flowers per plant, number of pods, pod weight per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight and 1000 seeds' weight of plants infested at three different phenological stages. The highest fiber yield loss was found in the variety BJC‐7370 (59.75%), followed by BJC‐83 (55.56%), CVE‐3 (54.30%) and CVL‐1 (50.05). The highest stick yield losses were found in the following order: BJC‐7370 (54.54%) > BJC‐83 (51.17%) > CVL‐1 (43.68%) > CVE‐3 (37.80%) and BJC‐7370 (30.33%) > CVL‐1 (27.83%) > BJC‐83 (24.16%) > CVE‐3 (22.11%) for the highest seed yield under field conditions for Corchorus capsularis. High yellow mite population in untreated checks decreased plant growth and showed significant losses in yield production for the variety BJC‐7370.


Barely visible impact damage (BVID) is inevitable during either fabrication or lifetime of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) component. These flaws are usually difficult to be detected from the surface by visual inspection or machine vision based on a charge-coupled device or CMOS. In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, low sensitivity, and small detection area of the existing nondestructive testing (NDT) for BVID in CFRP, this paper proposes for the first time the integrated nonlinear ultrasound (NU) and vibrothermography (VT) NDT based on the shared excitation sources. The experimental system was built after introducing the principle of shared excitation based NU&VT NDT. The CFRP plates with 5, 15, and 25 J visible impact damage (VID) as well as 12 and 16 J BVID were tested using the integrated NU&VT. Experimental studies after signal processing have shown that all VID and BVID could be detected by the integrated NU&VT NDT, and the defection capability has a significant improvement after fast Fourier transform. The proposed method could provide a visualized and effective means for quality control and inspection of large-scaled and complex shape key components in manufacturing process and in service.


Metribuzin-3-14C [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one] was absorbed, translocated, and metabolized by both metribuzin-tolerant 'Essex' and metribuzin-sensitive 'Coker 102' soybean cultivars [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. After 48 h Coker 102 accumulated 40% greater metribuzin equivalents in the shoots than Essex, but Essex shoots contained only 29% as much unaltered metribuzin as Coker 102, 1.08 and 3.68 μg per g dry weight, respectively. Essex is resistant to metribuzin primarily owing to a capacity to rapidly detoxify metribuzin to DA [6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5(4H)-one], to at least seven unidentified metabolites which remained in the aqueous fraction, and to an insoluble fraction. The unidentified metabolites in the aqueous fraction constituted the major detoxified breakdown products in both cultivars.


This document presents the flight test requirements for the Initial Synthetic Vision Systems Integrated Technology Evaluation flight Test to be flown aboard NASA Langley's ARIES aircraft and the final hardware architecture implemented to meet these requirements. Part I of this document contains the hardware, software, simulator, and flight operations requirements for this light test as they were defined in August 2002. The contents of this section are the actual requirements document that was signed for this flight test. Part II of this document contains information pertaining to the hardware architecture that was realized to meet these requirements as presented to and approved by a Critical Design Review Panel prior to installation on the B-757 Airborne Research Integrated Experiments Systems (ARIES) airplane. This information includes a description of the equipment, block diagrams of the architecture, layouts of the workstations, and pictures of the actual installations.


A new surface measuring concept developed under government contract at Itek Optical Systems has been previously reported by Allen Greenleaf. The method uses four steerable distance-measuring interferometers at the corners of a tetrahedron to determine the posi-tions of a retroreflecting target at various locations on the surface being measured. A small wooden breadboard had been built and tested, demonstrating the feasibility of the concept. This paper reports the building of a scaled-up prototype surface measuring machine to allow the measurement of large aspheric surfaces. A major advantage of the device is that, unlike conventional interferometry, it provides surface measurement in absolute coordinates, thus allowing direct determination of radius of curvature. In addition, the device is self-calibrating. Measurements of a 24-inch mirror have been made with the new machine, giving repeatability of 4 µ m peak sag in the curvature and accuracy of 0.7 μm rms in the surface figure at best focus. The device is currently being used in the production grinding of large aspheric mirrors at Itek. The device is potentially scalable to other industries where highly accurate measurement of unusual surfaces is required.


First‐order effects of gradients in nonuniform potential flows of a compressible gas are included in a dispersion relation for sound waves. Two nondimensional numbers, the ratio of the change in the kinetic energy in one wavelength to the thermal energy of the gas and the ratio of the dilatation frequency (rate of expansion per unit volume) to the acoustic frequency, play the dominant role permitting the separation of effects of nonuniformity into isotropic and anisotropic effects. Modification of ray acoustics for effects of flow gradients is suggested and conditions for amplification and attenuation of sound are discussed. [Research supported in part by NASA Grant NGR 15‐005‐174.]


Power Centrality, a measure of node importance within a network, is borrowed from the field of Social Network Analysis and applied to the assessment of Urban Hierarchy. Based on the overlaps of human activity between places, Power Centrality is tried as a method for measuring a particular feedback property: How well connected are places to other well connected places. In this research Power Centrality is used to assess a recent model of Urban Structure: The Splintering Urbanism Theory of Graham and Marvin (2001). This theory posits that the contemporary city is a fragmented agglomeration of isolated urban pieces, where distant but valuable fragments are highly connected between them, bypassing their less valuable surroundings. The causal explanation provided by Graham and Marvin is centered on their concept of premium networks: Networks customized for valuable (users in terms of income or power). The reach of this theory is assessed by studying the case of a mass transit system in a developing country: The Metro or subway of Santiago de Chile. The spatial hypothesis of Graham and Marvin is tested empirically through the use of the Power Centrality Measure, applied to a dataset of 242.000 twitter statuses generated by Metro users, while the causal explanation is evaluated by comparing the results with an unbiased sample of 110.000 statuses. Power Centrality allowed the identification of central locations that by standard measures of spatial concentration would have remained undetected. Furthermore, the results evidenced how Metro could be acting as a mass public bypass that connects these emergent centralities, challenging the concept of premium networks posited by Graham and Marvin. Thesis Advisor: P. Christopher Zegras Associate Professor of Transportation and Urban Planning Department of Urban Studies and Planning Thesis Reader: Michael Szell Post-Doctoral Fellow Senseable City Lab


Current distributed intrusion detection systems are not completely distributed with respect to data analysis because of the presence of centralized data analysis components. This deficiency has many undesirable implications. Here we present a framework for doing distributed intrusion detection with no centralized analysis components. Our approach uses agents that are the only data analysis components. Agents cooperate by using a hierarchical communication framework. This cooperation is driven by interests expressed by the agents.


The polycrystalline compounds of the general formula Cd1-xNixCr2Se4 have been prepared by the ceramic method in closed silica tubes using CdSe, NiSe and Cr2Se3. The phase composition and structural data have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The observed symmetry is cubic, space group Fd 3m . Apart from spinel phases, other phases were observed: CdSe, NiSe2 and Cr5.6Se8. Depending on amount of nickel, nickel ions can occupy tetrahedral and octahedral sites.


Composite powder for electroless iron plating on aluminum-matrix was prepared using sodium hypophosphite as reductant.The influences of complexing agent,pH value,plating temperature and time on the coating were analyzed.XRD and SEM were used to analyze the surface morphology and the phase structure of Fe/Al composite powder.The result showed that the iron plating on aluminum-matrix has a granular surface morphology.The optimal technological parameters are as follows: the concentrations are 8 g/L,30-40 g/L,16 g/L and 6 g/L for ferrous sulphate,sodium hypophosphite,potassium sodium tartrate,citrate acid,and the pH value is 9.5,plating temperature is 78 ℃,plating time is 40 min.


Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a renal disease characterized by proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. In NS patients without any allergic disease, serum IgE and IgG4 levels were selectively increased, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) spontaneously produced IgE and IgG4. T cells produced interleukin (IL)‐13 spontaneously, and B cells constitutively expressed IL‐13 receptors (IL‐13R). In addition, T cells stimulated surface IgE‐negative (sIgE−) and sIgG4− B cells to produce IgE and IgG4, respectively, and IgE and IgG4 production was specifically blocked by anti‐IL‐13 antibody (Ab). MNC from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients also produced IgE and IgG4 spontaneously. However, in AD patients, T cells spontaneously produced IL‐4, but not IL‐13, and B cells constitutively expressed IL‐4R, but not IL‐13R. T cells stimulated sIgE− and sIgG4− B cells to produce IgE and IgG4, respectively, and the production was specifically blocked by anti‐IL‐4 Ab. On the other hand, sIgE+ and sIgG4+ B cells from both NS and AD patients spontaneously produced IgE and IgG4, respectively, and this production was not affected by T cells, anti‐IL‐4 Ab, or anti‐IL‐13 Ab. These results indicate that IL‐13 is involved in the enhanced production of IgE and IgG4 in NS, while IL‐4 is involved in these responses in AD.


Four separate surveys have been acquired over the same 25 block area in Mississippi Canyon to test the repeatability of full tensor gravity gradiometry acquisition. Three surveys were acquired using marine vessels, and one survey was acquired using a fixed wing airplane. Comparing these data both qualitatively and quantitatively indicates that the vertical gradient measured from marine surveys is repeatable to within 0.9 Eotvos. Although the airborne data appeared to contain slightly greater noise, it produced reasonably good quality data once high frequency noise from within the water column was removed.


1. The Sample The sample (Riley 1993) is unbiased, having no initial spectral, angular size or optical criteria, and so contains a higher proportion of steep-spectrum sources than other samples of LFV sources. It was obtained by monitoring ~ 1100 sources with flux densities > 0.3 Jy over a period of 13 years using the CLFST. About 5% of these sources were found to be significantly variable. The compact steep-spectrum (CSS) sources in the LFV sample are significantly different to other CSS samples (e.g., Sanghera et al. 1995) in having smaller angular sizes, flatter low-frequency spectra and steeper high-frequency spectra. The VLBI images show very complex structure in some of the sources, primarily those with steep high-frequency spectra. There are few simple double sources in the sample, in contrast to the sample of CSS sources studied by Fanti et al. (1995) which contains many such sources. The structures and spectra of the sources suggest that many of them are small due to being frustrated by a dense surrounding ISM, rather than being the precursors of large double radio sources, as appears to be the case for most of the sources in other CSS samples. A selection of source maps is given in Figure 1. Acknowledgments . ARM is supported by a PPARC Research Studentship. This work was supported in part by the Formation and Evolution of Galaxies network set up by the European Commission under contract ERB FMRX-CT96-086 of its TMR program. This project was supported by the EU's Access to Large-Scale Facilities program, contract No. CHGECT920011. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under a cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.


This paper describes an automatic speaker diarization system for natural, multi-speaker meeting conversations. Only one central microphone is used to record the meeting. The new system is robust to different acoustic environments - it requires neither pre-training models nor development sets to initialize the parameters. The new system determines the model complexity automatically. It adapts the segment model from a universal background model, and uses the cross-likelihood ratio instead of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) for merging. Finally it uses an intra-cluster/inter-cluster ratio as the stopping criterion. Together this reduces the speaker diarization error rate from 21.76% to 17.21% compared with the baseline system [1].


Much has been written and discussed in recent years on the water crisis and the belief that the world may run out of water in the foreseeable future. The main issue, however, is not physical scarcity of water but poor management. It is primarily a crisis due to mismanagement. An important result of such poor management practices has been the continual deterioration of water quality on a global basis. The main emphasis in the past and present has been on water quantity management, including allocation. Managing water quality is still not receiving adequate attention, because it is significantly more complex, difficult and expensive compared with water quantity management.


We present a general procedure to implement a NOT gate by composite pulses robust against both offset uncertainties and control field variations. We define different degrees of robustness in this two-parameter space, namely along one, two or all directions. We show that the phases of the composite pulse satisfy a nonlinear system, and can be computed analytically or numerically.


It becomes apparent that growing disparity in China is highly associated with regional variation of productivity, and that productivity is significantly impacted by financial deepening process. After identifying and estimating the share of bank lending to non-state sector, this paper finds a significant variation in the level of financial deepening between regions. Then this paper examines why financial development process turns out to be divergent between coastal and inland regions. Such analysis places the issue of enlarging regional imbalance in China in a context specific to the weakness of re-centralization process of intergovernmental fiscal relations in 1994.


Objective: To investigate the clinical effects and safety of predictive bilateral balance decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of severe closed craniocerebral injury and to promote the rehabilitation of the patients. Methods: 80 patients meeting the criteria were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,40 patients in each group; the observation group was treated with predictive bilateral balance decompressive craniectomy,while the control group was treated with unilateral standard decompressive craniectomy,and the clinical therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. Results:Before the treatments,the intracranial pressures of the patients of the two groups were similar( P0. 05); after the treatments,the intracranial pressures of the patients of the two groups were both decreased when compared with those before the treatments,but the decreasing extent of the observation group was greater,and the differences were both statistically significant( P 0. 05). The incidence of intraoperative acute cenencephalocele and the incidence of postoperative incisional hernia of the patients of the observation group were both lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant( P0. 05). The life quality of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant( P0. 05). And the incidence of postoperative complications of the patients of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group( P0. 05). Conclusion: Predictive bilateral balance decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of severe closed craniocerebral injury can effectively decrease mortality,promote postoperative rehabilitation and elevate the life quality of the patients,and consequently. It is worthy of clinical application.


Vertex deformation is a popular technique to animate an erstwhile static object. It is difficult, however, to deform those vertices near multiple limbs of the controlling stick-figure skeleton while maintaining a natural-appearing surface.By applying convolution to the medial axis/surface of the object, the weights associated with vertex deformation can be computed automatically. Fewer undesired artifacts are evidenced in the animated surface.


The purpose of this study is to evaluate the corrosion protection properties of Zn/Sn metal spray method according to the contents ratio of Zn and Sn by CASS test. Also, the corrosion protection life of Zn/Sn metal spray method is evaluated by the comparing between the corrosion properties of Zn metalizing method and Zn/Sn metal spray method using CASS test. As a result, it was confirmed that the optimum content ratio of Zn/Sn in metal spray method is 60:40(65:35) (Zn : Sn volume ratio) in aspect of corrosion protection properties and construction properties. Also, it was confirmed that the Zn/Sn metal spray method had more than 3 times of corrosion protection properties cmparing the Zn matalizing method.


This paper investigates a very practical and commonly encountered problem in state estimation. It is related to the placement of measurements in order to make an otherwise unobservable system observable. Typically, this is a situation that is frequently encountered during the daily operation as one or more of the measurements become unavailable due to various unexpected reasons. Under such circumstances, the state estimator resorts to the use of pseudo-measurements in order to recover observability and solve the state estimation problem. Pseudo-measurements that will make the system observable can be selected by applying one of the well-developed network observability analysis techniques in a repetitive fashion adding one candidate measurement at a time until the system is no longer unobservable. As the system size increases, this approach may prove computationally expensive. A nonrepetitive solution has also been proposed. However, its computational requirements grow rapidly with increasing number of observable islands that may exist in large scale systems. This paper presents an alternative approach which will be shown to be suitable for large scale power systems providing a compromise between the two existing techniques. Examples are given to highlight the main benefits of the proposed method.


~ ~ ~ In this paper the method of structural-topological analysis of cardiac conduction system based on wavelet analysis of electrocardio signal reflecting conductive network of heart topology has been considered.


The study reported here is concerned with the response of complete Torospherical shells under internal dynamic pressure. The Torospherical shell modelled from an Ellipsoidal shell consists of a combination of spherical segments joined with toroidal segments of circular cross-section. The nonlinear systems of dynamic equations formulated were solved using trigonometric projection procedures and Newton's iterative processes. Two types of torospherical shells were analysed and compared. Results show that the dynamic response of the Torospherical shells subjected to internal dynamic pressure depends not only on the frequency of dynamic pressure but specifically on the ratio of the radii of the toroidal segments to that of the spherical segments. We also discovered that if loss of dynamic stability of ellipsoidal shells is largely axisymmetrical, loss of dynamic stability of Torospherical shells is asymmetrical with formation of circular waves in the circumferential direction. The modes of vibration of the Torospherical shells are also presented.


A method is described for determining residues of an experimental herbicide, based on Lenacil (3-cyclo-hexyl-5,6-trimethyleneuracil) in soil and sugar beets. The procedure is based on the gas chromatographic measurement of Lenacil after extraction from the substrate with an alkaline solution and subsequently partitioned into an organic solvent. Intermediate cleanup steps are required. The sensitivity of the method is about 0·04 ppm based on a 25-g sample, with an average recovery of better than 80%.


Many success organizations focus involving innovation in their products or services in order to distinguish themselves in business. However, internal and external factors, which are not related to the analysis of customer requirements and implementation of the systematic innovative process, can cause failure of firms. This theoretical study, highlight critical success factors (CSFs) affecting while firms like small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using systematic innovation analysis method such as TRIZtheory of inventive problem solving – in service sectors. This paper include others studies in order to uncover of CSFs for implementing systematic innovation process, and involve the theory of diffusion of innovation (DOF) for supporting the results. The results of this study emphasized on factors conducive creating the innovation SME such as innovation champion, important customer need, create value, and organizational alignment. Taking in considering the factors that may affect before or during using systematic innovation analysis assists SMEs to find platforms to develop and promote their work.


Summary Although electrical stimulation has been used intermittently for centuries to treat neural dysfunction, recent decades have seen a renaissance, with therapeutic applications ranging from motor disorders like dystonia and Parkinson's to urological dysfunction and even psychiatric diseases. Fueling growth is an improved capacity for targeted spatial and temporal intervention over that of pharmacological methods. On the other hand, despite an improving understanding of its mechanisms of action, the complexity of higher order neural mechanisms and conceptual conflicts over the structuring of global brain activity continue to overshadow development, making advances on the basis of principle the exception rather than the norm.


Intermetallic coumpound formation at metal–metal interfaces was observed for thin film couples of Al and transition metals such as Cr, Ti, Hf, Zr, Co, Ta, Pd, and Pt. The Al–Cr system was investigated in some detail using a conductance method and nuclear backscattering for reaction‐rate measurements. The compounds CrAl7 and Cr2Al11 were identified and their growth was found to be diffusion controlled. The temperature dependence of the rate constant for CrAl7 obeyed an Arrhenius plot from 300° to 450 °C with an activation energy of 1.91±0.1 eV. The Al‐rich phases of the remaining transition metals were investigated; the compounds either exhibited a planar interface with parabolic growth kinetics or an irregular interface with nonparabolic growth. An empirical relationship involving the melting point and stability of the compounds was proposed to explain the different growth kinetics.


The main aim of the flow computation presented in the paper was to assess the influence of the designed new road-bridge on the flood situation in the area of the River Savirja in central part of Slovenia. Since the piers of the new bridge are to be situated in a river bend just upstream of the existed railway-bridge, detailed hydraulic investigations were necessary. The two-dimensional depth-averaged mathematical model PCFLOW2D was applied locally to 600 m long stretch of the river. Basic equations of continuity, momentum conservation, transport of turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass k and its rate of dissipation E are solved numerically by using the ftite volume approach proposed by Patankar. Its main characteristics are staggered grid, hybrid scheme and iterative procedure of the depth corrections. For the preparation of the input topographic data (preprocessing) and graphical presentation of the final results of the model (postprocessing) the AutoCAD and Quick Surf graphic packages are used. During the calibration process, water surface elevations have been compared with field measurements and results of the one-dimensional mathematical model MIKE 11 and satisfactory agreement has been found. Finally, for different flood discharges ranging from Q ,W= 1412 m3/s to Qz = 612 m3/s, changes in velocity fields and free surface elevations due to the designed piers of the new bridge have been investigated. Some local flow details such as the rise of the water level just upstream and the increased velocities between the piers were well predicted. © 2002 WIT Press, Ashurst Lodge, Southampton, SO40 7AA, UK. All rights reserved. Web: www.witpress.com Email email@example.com Paper from: Hydraulic Information Management, CA Brebbia and WR Blain (Editors). ISBN 1-85312-912-7


The paper expounds the concept and the features of Web 2.0,analyzes the application necessity of Web 2.0 to subject services.It discusses web 2.0 to subject services in university libraries from the aspects of constructing subject contact interactive platform and subject team working mode,developing users research、building users evaluating mechanism.


Everyone is going to be a doctor, brings the Hippocratic Oath, which is the medical oath, expressing the fundamental ethical principles of conduct of the doctor in his profession. In addition, each health worker needs to know such a thing as a medical secret. Medical secrecy is not only medical, but first of all the legal, social and ethical concept, which is the prohibition of the health worker to inform third parties about the state of health of the patient, the diagnosis, the results of the survey, the fact of seeking medical help and information about private life, received during the examination and treatment. Thus, the article is devoted to the analysis of legal and ethical issues of liability for breach of medical confidentiality in medical law of the Russian Federation.


The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of a cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid-rich (CBDA) hemp extract in a sesame oil base and a soft gel capsule formulation. During acute twenty-four hour pharmacokinetic evaluation, maximum serum concentration (Cmax) was higher for all measurable components in the serum (CBD, CBDA, Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid [THCA]) following soft gel administration versus the oil formulation. Similar times of maximal serum concentration (Tmax) were observed with both presentations. Based on the area under the curve, a significant increase in CBDA absorption was observed following soft gel dosing. Whilst comparable, the steady state pharmacokinetic data after one week of twice daily dosing shows an increased concentration of CBDA, with a slightly lower CBD concentration with soft gel administration compared to oil. Although THC and THCA concentrations remain comparably low from both presentations, THCA absorption was superior regardless of formulation. When examining acceptance, soft gels are associated with increased palatability and less rejection of oral dosing with oil. Dogs, and potentially even people, may show increasing tolerance to this soft gel formulation; as such consideration should be given to the ease of administration and superior CBDA absorption with the use of a soft gel formulation of a CBD/CBDA hemp blend.


This study investigates the early maladaptive schema in marital relationship as predictive of divorce in Isfahan, Iran. The sample includes 150 divorce applicant couples and 155 ordinal couples (for a total of 620 participants). The divorced sample was taken from a group of divorce applicants and court clients, and a random multistaged sampling method was used to select the control group. All sample couples were tested on the Early Maladaptive Schema Scale. In spite of the descriptive statistical methods, the discriminate analysis method was applied to analyze the data in this research. The results of the research confirmed our hypothesis and demonstrated that divorce can be predicted based on early maladaptive schema. The results derived from the data analysis are in line with the research literature that indicates that divorce can be predicted based on early maladaptive schemata. In accordance with an early maladaptive schema approach, a model of divorce prevention and marital therapy can be developed. This research can also be applied in clinical and counseling environments to help problematic couples and couples on the threshold of divorce.


This paper reports on an action research study conducted in 2015 with five in-service English language teachers from an ELT undergraduate programme of a university in the central part of Mexico ove...


A mathematical model for poro‐visco‐plastic compaction and pressure solution in porous sediments has been formulated using the Voigt‐type rheological constitutive relation as derived from experimental data. The governing equations reduce to a nonlinear hyperbolic heat conduction equation in the case of slow deformation where permeability is relatively high and the pore fluid pressure is nearly hydrostatic, while travelling wave exists in the opposite limit where overpressuring occurs and the pore fluid pressure is almost quasi‐lithostatic. Full numerical simulation using a finite element method agree well with the approximate analytical solutions.


Abstract This study investigated features of the classroom‐ and school‐level psychosocial learning environments in some secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. Previous studies in other parts of the world revealed that learning environment contributes more to variations in learning outcome than do student background characteristics. In the study reported here, the effect of school age on classroom‐ and school‐level learning environments was investigated. Also interrelations among classroom‐ and school‐level environment variables were investigated. Three learning environment instruments were adapted for the study. It was found that age of a school has no effect on classroom‐ and school‐level psychosocial learning environments. The presumed superiority of 'old' schools over 'new' schools in the provision of favourable learning environments is not supported from this study. [1] This study was funded by the College Research Committee of the Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria. However th...


Subject. This article examines the obstacles to new industrialization in Russia aimed to achieve sustainable growth of gross domestic product.
Objectives. The article aims to prove the systemic nature of the obstacles to the implementation of new industrialization in Russia, which prevents a fundamental increase in the percentage of long-term high-tech projects in the economy, despite the declared goals.
Methods. For the study, we used systems and functional-structural analyses, observation, classification, mathematical methods, comparison, and generalization.
Results. The article reveals the essential components of the social and economic development of the country in the context of information asymmetry.
Conclusions and Relevance. To introduce a new value approach in the economy, it is necessary to develop an evidence base based on financial calculations and strategic development plans that are accessible to every citizen. The system of financial literacy of the population seems to be a tool for such implementation.


We regret to announce the death of Mr. Kenneth C. G. Gray, youngest son of Professor Andrew Gray of Glasgow University. Mr. Gray was a pupil of Glasgow High School, from which he proceeded to the University, where he studied medicine, and where he took the degrees of M.B., Ch.B., in 1909. After graduation he acted as house surgeon and house physician in the Western Infirmary, and subsequently as indoor house surgeon in the Maternity Hospital. He then settled in practice in the Broomhill district, and bade fair rapidly to acquire the position of which his early work in hospital had given promise. While


genesis of silicosis, it is also believed that the condition of lung tissue sus ceptible to the impingement of quartz dust is of some importance for the development of the disease. For this reason, the author has studied the influence of factors other than dust inhalation itself, and had an opportunity of finding a marked development of fibrotic nodules in the quartz dust inhaled lungs successively exposed to X-ray irradiation. It is generally known that the lung tissue heavily irradiated with X-ray sometimes shows fibrosis clinically, so that it does not appear unreasonable that an irradiation would influence its susceptibility to silicosis in similar way, but my experiments showed the influence to be beyond any past anticipations. To verify my occasional findings mentioned above, I have made some systematic experiments on the subject, of which I will report the results hereunder.


A DFB laser has been packaged using an optical design consisting of two lens elements placed in quasiconfocal arrangement to accommodate an optical isolator. The first element is a plano-convex silicon lens with a radius and thickness of 0.875 and 1.115 mm, respectively. The laser chip is placed just inside the confocal point to minimize aberrations and produce a nearly collimated beam (the divergence of the laser ≃ 45°).1


The survey period saw significant changes in the makeup of the Indiana Supreme Court, in addition to the change in membership that occurred in the prior year. Chief Justice Randall T. Shepard, whom some credit with re-igniting interest in Indiana constitutional law with the publication of his 1989 article, Second Wind for the Indiana Bill of Rights, retired after twenty-seven years of service on the court. Justice Frank Sullivan Jr. also retired after nineteen years of service to take a teaching position. Chief Justice Shepard was succeeded by Justice Brent T. Dickson, who has been on the court for twenty-eight years and has authored several important state constitutional decisions. Justice Dickson's position as a justice was taken by Mark Massa, whose professional background includes time as a prosecutor, private practitioner, and government official. Justice Sullivan, now a professor of law, was succeeded by trial court judge Loretta Rush. It is uncertain what the


A device for generating seismic waves in the earth employs an elongated open-ended barrel having its closed end adjustably supported on a base plate for inclinations with respect to the base from about 15° to 30° is also rotatable about an axis normal to the base. A cardboard tube with an interior waterproof coating and transverse dimensions complementary to the barrel is placed into the barrel so that its lower end is spaced from the closed end of the barrel. An explosive charge and a detonator are placed between the end of the barrel and the end of the tube. When the charge is detonated the resulting recoil impacts the base against the earth generating both compressional and shear waves which are recorded at a distance by a transverse seismometer. The barrel is then rotated through 180° about an axis normal to the base and a second firing is made, generating compressional waves with the same phase and magnitude as the first firing and shear waves of equal magnitude but opposite phase. The seismometer records the waves from this second firing and the two recordings are summed to eliminate the shear wave components and subtracted to eliminate the compressional wave components.


Combinatorial chemistry has opened a new realm of chemical diversity in the search for useful therapeutics as well as the ability to generate chemical libraries of hundreds of thousands to millions of discrete compounds. For the biologist, the goal is to screen these large libraries quickly and to obtain as much information in the primary screen as possible. Ideally, a primary screen would not only identify potential lead compounds but also yield information about the specificity, toxicity, and potency of that compound. Toward this end, a primary screen has been developed in which two organisms are cocultured, either bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells, in the presence of a combinatorial library. For example, bacteria and yeast are cocultured either in liquid or in agar. When exposed to compounds from the combinatorial library, individual compounds are found which inhibit bacterial growth antibacterialls, inhibit yeast growth (antifungals), or inhibit both (potential toxins). This screening method is simple, rapid, and eliminates many of the false positives usually encountered in antimicrobial screening.


Abstract: Inspired from the anomaly of low pressure in the middle and deep reservoir of the Paleogene in the Jiyang depression, this paper theoritically discusses "water consumption" of the principal mineral alteration during the diagenetic stage. The preliminary research result shows that "water consumption" of mineral alteration in the diagenetic stage can make formation water greatly decrease. Relevant formations will be in the stage of low pressure without supply of exterior liquid. Pressure differences between the relevant formations and wall rocks make hydrocarbons enter easily to form the effective reservoir.


The essence of the present conference is the show of evidence that relations exist between the fluctuations of world weather and the fluctuations of the intensity and the composition of solar radiation. My contribution is on the relatively short-period oscillation in world weather that was named the "Southern Oscillation" (S.O.) by Sir Gilbert Walker. The S.O. is an oscillation of the intensity of the general atmospheric and hydrospheric circulation through the Pacific and Indian oceans, the water hemisphere of our globe. The two main centers of operation, the scales of the air-pressure balance, are the subtropic high-pressure area around Easter Island (27" 10' S, 109" 26' W) and the equatorial low-pressure area of Indonesia. We may designate Djakarta, formerly Batavia (6" 11' S, 106" 50' E), as the station representative of this Malay Low. FIGURE 1 is a graph of the sixmonthly running means of the air-pressure anomalies a t Djakarta, 1866 to 1960. The air-pressure oscillations show a 2 to 3 year rhythm. The physical reality of this periodicity is assured by TABLE 1. It contains the frequency distribution of intervals in halves of years between successive minima. This distribution is such that randomness seems to be excluded. If air-pressure is abnormally low in the Malay area it is abnormally high in the Easter Island area. An abnormally high pressure gradient between the subtropical high and the equatorial low strengthens the general atmospheric circulation. Consequently the hydrospheric circulation is accelerated. The Peru Current is stronger than normal. The water masses arriving in the Malay area are colder than normal. Consequently sea surface temperatures in Indonesia are decreased. Low sea-surface temperatures cause a rise of air pressure in the Malay area. If air pressure is abnormally high in the Malay area it is abnormally low in the Easter Island area. An abnormally low pressure gradient between the subtropical high and the equatorial low slackens the general atmospheric circulation. Consequently the hydrospheric circulation is decelerated. The Peru Current is weaker than normal and hence warmer than normal. The South Equatorial Current is retarded. The water masses arriving in the Malay area are warmer than normal. Consequently sea-surface temperatures in Indonesia are increased. High sea-surface temperatures cause a fall of air pressure in the Malay area. Thus the cycle is closed. If, as in the present case, in one and the same area (1) the temperature anomaly follows the air-pressure anomaly with a time lag averaging 7 months, and (2) the time derivative of the air-presure anomaly is inversely proportional to the temperature anomaly, an oscillation of air pressure and temperature must occur of, roughly, a 4 X 7-month or between 2and 3-year peri0d.l


Effective child-behavior management is an important characteristic in facilitating positive parent and child interaction. The current study examines the impact of a behavioral parent-training group methodology on problem behaviors and goals for a single mother and two young boys. Results indicate that the procedures were valuable for enhancing goal achievement and reducing the frequency of problem behaviors for the single parent and the young boy participants of this case study.


A cross-sectional study was carried out from 13th January to 15thMarch 2015 in the Upazilla Veterinary Hospital of the Sadar Upazilla under Faridpur District to estimate the dog bites, rabies, and their management in different livestock and pet animals registered for treatment. A prototype questionnaire was used to obtain the necessary information from the owners of the animals observed. Out of the total 170 animals diagnosed and treated based on gross lesion and history, 24, 13, 133 were cattle, dogs, and goats, respectively. The proportion positive of dog bite cases was 17.4% in cattle, 20.5% in goats, and 8.3% in dogs. Among the dog bitten animals, 77.8% were Category-III (single or multiple transdermal bites or scratches, licks on broken skin) bite. The prevalence of rabies in dog bitten animals was 2.50% in dogs, 0.8% in goats and no rabies case was recorded in cattle. Post-rabies vaccine was used in 46.4%, 100% and 75.0% dog-bitten goats, cattle and dogs, respectively. The occupation and literacy of the owner, types of cattle, animal's age, and animal source etc. showed a considerable difference in prevalence. However, none of the association was statistically significant. This baseline study might be extended with a required number of samples to identify potential risk factors for the occurrence of rabies in different animals.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 215-224, August 2018